FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Zhu, RY Ma, DA Newman, HB Woody, CL Kierstead, JA Stoll, SP Levy, PW AF Zhu, RY Ma, DA Newman, HB Woody, CL Kierstead, JA Stoll, SP Levy, PW TI A study on the properties of lead tungstate crystals SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID BARIUM FLUORIDE-CRYSTALS; PBWO4 AB This report summarizes the results of a study on the properties of five large and five small size lead tungstate (PbWO4) crystals. Data are presented on the longitudinal optical transmittance and light attenuation length, light yield and response uniformity, emission spectra and decay time. The radiation resistance of large crystals and possible curing with optical bleaching are discussed. The result of an in depth materials study, including trace impurities analysis, are also presented. The general conclusion from this investigation is that further research and development is needed to develop fast, radiation-hard PbWO4 crystals for the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Zhu, RY (reprint author), CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 23 TC 127 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 3 BP 319 EP 334 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00286-0 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UY058 UT WOS:A1996UY05800002 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Antoniazzi, L Arenton, M Ballagh, HC Bingham, H Blankman, A Block, M Boden, A Bonomi, G Borodin, SV Budagov, J Cao, ZL Cataldi, G Chen, TY Clark, K Cline, D Conetti, S Cooper, M Corti, G Cox, B Creti, P Dukes, C Durandet, C Elia, V Erwin, AR Evangelista, E Fortney, L Golovatyuk, V Gorini, E Grancagnolo, F Haire, M Hanlet, P He, M Introzzi, G Jenkins, M Jennings, J Judd, D Kononenko, W Kowald, W Lau, K Lawry, T Ledovskoy, A Liguori, G Lys, J Mazur, PO McManus, AP Misawa, S Mo, GH Murphy, CT Nelson, K Panareo, M Pogosyan, V Ramachandran, S Recagni, M Rhoades, J Segal, J Selove, W Smith, RP Spiegel, L Sun, JG Tokar, S Torre, P Trischuk, J Turnbull, L Tzamouranis, I Wagoner, DE Wang, CR Wei, C Yang, W Yao, N Zhang, NJ Zhang, SN Zou, BT AF Alexopoulos, T Antoniazzi, L Arenton, M Ballagh, HC Bingham, H Blankman, A Block, M Boden, A Bonomi, G Borodin, SV Budagov, J Cao, ZL Cataldi, G Chen, TY Clark, K Cline, D Conetti, S Cooper, M Corti, G Cox, B Creti, P Dukes, C Durandet, C Elia, V Erwin, AR Evangelista, E Fortney, L Golovatyuk, V Gorini, E Grancagnolo, F Haire, M Hanlet, P He, M Introzzi, G Jenkins, M Jennings, J Judd, D Kononenko, W Kowald, W Lau, K Lawry, T Ledovskoy, A Liguori, G Lys, J Mazur, PO McManus, AP Misawa, S Mo, GH Murphy, CT Nelson, K Panareo, M Pogosyan, V Ramachandran, S Recagni, M Rhoades, J Segal, J Selove, W Smith, RP Spiegel, L Sun, JG Tokar, S Torre, P Trischuk, J Turnbull, L Tzamouranis, I Wagoner, DE Wang, CR Wei, C Yang, W Yao, N Zhang, NJ Zhang, SN Zou, BT TI The Fermilab E771 spectrometer - A large aperture spectrometer to study charm and beauty states as detected by decays into muons SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE PLATE COUNTERS; RADIATION-DAMAGE; GEV POSITRONS; GLASS ARRAY; SHOWER; CALORIMETER; PERFORMANCE; TRIGGER; SYSTEM AB This paper describes the final incarnation of the Fermilab High Intensity Lab spectrometer which operated for ten years in the Proton West Area of Fermilab in the execution of two experiments (E537 and E705) which studied hadroproduction of high mass dimuon pairs. The version of the spectrometer used in E771 differed from earlier versions of the spectrometer by the addition of a silicon microstrip detector, pad chambers and resistive plate counters. These additions were implemented to give the spectrometer the capability of detection of secondary decay vertices from B --> mu or B --> J/psi --> mu mu decays. As discussed, the spectrometer in a short data taking period was able to address many kinds of physics, other than beauty decays. C1 UNIV PAVIA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. JINR,DUBNA,RUSSIA. UNIV LECCE,LECCE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-73100 LECCE,ITALY. NANJING UNIV,NANJING 210008,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV S ALABAMA,MOBILE,AL 36688. VANIER COLL,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,ENGLAND. PRAIRIE VIEW A&M,PRAIRIE VIEW,TX. SHANDONG UNIV,JINAN 250100,SHANDONG,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV HOUSTON,HOUSTON,TX. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. RI Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Elia, Valerio/N-4584-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016 OI Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Elia, Valerio/0000-0002-0208-5947; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553 NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 3 BP 375 EP 396 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01519-1 PG 22 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UY058 UT WOS:A1996UY05800007 ER PT J AU Greub, C Hurth, T Wyler, D AF Greub, C Hurth, T Wyler, D TI Virtual corrections to the decay b->s+gamma SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RARE B-DECAYS; MESON DECAY; B->S-GAMMA; QCD; SPECTRUM; B->SG AB We calculate the O(alpha(s)) virtual corrections to the matrix element for b --> s gamma, taking into account the contributions of the four-Fermi operator O-2 and the electromagnetic and color dipole-type operators. The results are combined with existing O(alpha(s)) Bremsstrahlung corrections in order to obtain the relevant inclusive rate. The new result drastically reduces the large scale dependence of the leading logarithmic approximation. It implies that a very accurate prediction for the branching ratio for B --> X(s) gamma will become possible once also the corrections to the Wilson coefficients are available. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV ZURICH,INST THEORET PHYS,CH-8057 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. NR 35 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 3-4 BP 385 EP 392 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00496-0 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX639 UT WOS:A1996UX63900023 ER PT J AU Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Armstrong, DS Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Brose, J Bugg, DV Case, T Cooper, AR Cramer, O Crowe, KM Degener, T Dietz, HP Djaoshvili, N vonDombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Englert, M Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Hackmann, R Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kalteyer, B Kammle, B Kammel, P Kiel, T Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Lakata, M Landua, R Ludemann, J Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Montanet, L Noble, A Ouared, R OuldSaada, F Peters, K Pinter, CN Pinter, G Regenfus, C Reissmann, J Resag, S Rothel, W Schmidt, P Scott, I Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Urner, D Volcker, C Walter, F Walther, D Wiedner, U Zoll, J Zou, BS Zupancic, C AF Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Armstrong, DS Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Brose, J Bugg, DV Case, T Cooper, AR Cramer, O Crowe, KM Degener, T Dietz, HP Djaoshvili, N vonDombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Englert, M Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Hackmann, R Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kalteyer, B Kammle, B Kammel, P Kiel, T Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Lakata, M Landua, R Ludemann, J Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Montanet, L Noble, A Ouared, R OuldSaada, F Peters, K Pinter, CN Pinter, G Regenfus, C Reissmann, J Resag, S Rothel, W Schmidt, P Scott, I Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Urner, D Volcker, C Walter, F Walther, D Wiedner, U Zoll, J Zou, BS Zupancic, C TI A study of f(0)(1500) decays into 4 pi(0) in (p)over-bar-p->5 pi(0) at rest SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION; RESONANCE; STATES AB Crystal Barrel data on <(p)over bar p> --> 5 pi(0) at rest are presented. Mass spectra for 2 pi(0) combinations, 3 pi(0) and 4 pi(0) and decay angular distributions all differ significantly from phase space. We present several ways of fitting the data. All agree on the definite presence of the f(0)(1500), observed in its 4 pi(0) decay mode. It can decay into pi pi(1300) and into sigma sigma where sigma stands for the full pi pi S-wave amplitude. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. UNIV BONN,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,D-80799 MUNICH,GERMANY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS,FRANCE. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. UNIV ZURICH,CH-8057 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RP Abele, A (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 26 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 3-4 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00574-6 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX639 UT WOS:A1996UX63900032 ER PT J AU Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, L Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EL Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, L Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EL Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Search for anomalous production of single photons at root s=130 and 136 GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID INVISIBLE WIDTH; COLLISIONS AB This letter reports the results of the measurement of single photon production in the reaction e(+)e(-) --> gamma+ invisible particles at centre-of-mass energies root s = 130 and 136 GeV and an integrated luminosity of 5.83 pb(-1), collected with the DELPHI detector at LEP. The signal is compatible with the prediction of the Standard Model for the process e(+)e(-) --> nu<(nu)over bar>gamma, and the number of neutrino families has been determined to be N-nu = 3.1 +/- 0.6. Limits have been derived on anomalous neutral gauge boson couplings and on compositeness in the framework of a specific model. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. ULP,CNRS,IN2P3,CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. CAS,FZU,INST PHYS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PRAGUE 18040 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST NUCL SCI,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,SEFT,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & CHEM,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. FCUL,IST,LIP,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,CNRS,IN2P3,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,CNRS,IN2P3,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,NUCL CTR,MFF,AREAL MFF,PRAGUE 18000 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,OVIEDO 33006,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CENS,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91190 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,IST SUPER SANITA,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. CSIC,UC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,CICYT,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. PROTVINO HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,FYSIKUM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UPPSALA UNIV,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP Adam, W (reprint author), OSTERR AKAD WISSENSCH,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,NIKOLSDORFERGASSE 18,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RI Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012 OI Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 3-4 BP 471 EP 479 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00671-5 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX639 UT WOS:A1996UX63900034 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dehm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, JA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sokolov, A Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P vanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR WIlliams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dehm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, JA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sokolov, A Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P vanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR WIlliams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Study of radiative leptonic events with hard photons and search for excited charged leptons at root s=130-136 GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON; DECAYS; HERA; LEP; G-2; E+E AB During the last 1995 data acquisition period at LEP, the DELPHI experiment collected an integrated luminosity of 5.9 pb(-1) at centre-of-mass energies of 130 GeV and 136 GeV. Radiative leptonic events (e, mu, tau) With high energy photons were studied and compared to Standard Model predictions. The data were used to search for charged excited leptons decaying through an electromagnetic transition. No significant signal was found. From the search for pair produced excited leptons, the limits m(e)* > 62.5 GeV/c(2), m(mu)* > 62.6 GeV/c(2) and m(tau)* > 62.2 GeV/c(2) at 95% confidence level were established. For single excited lepton production, upper limits on the ratio lambda/m(l)* of the coupling of the excited charged lepton to its mass were derived. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. VUB,ULB,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. ULP,CNRS,IN2P3,CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. CAS,INST PHYS,FZU,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PRAGUE 18040 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,CNRS,IN2P3,INST NUCL SCI,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,SEFT,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV MIN & MET KRAKOW,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & CHEM,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. FCUL,IST,LIP,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,CNRS,IN2P3,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,CNRS,IN2P3,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,MFF,NUCL CTR,AREAL MFF,PRAGUE 18000 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CENS,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,IST SUPER SANITA,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. CSIC,UC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,CICYT,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,FYSIKUM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. FED UNIV RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UPPSALA UNIV,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. OSTERR AKAD WISSENSCH,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), INST SUPER TECN,LIP,FCUL,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Peralta, Luis/C-8369-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014 OI Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Peralta, Luis/0000-0002-3834-1762; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 3-4 BP 480 EP 490 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00672-7 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX639 UT WOS:A1996UX63900035 ER PT J AU AtrioBarandela, F Cayon, L AF AtrioBarandela, F Cayon, L TI Is a Harrison-Zeldovich power spectrum compatible with the Tenerife cosmic microwave background experiment? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, theory; methods, numerical ID CONSTRAINED REALIZATIONS; GAUSSIAN FIELDS; RADIOMETER AB We analyze whether the large variance of the temperature held measured by the Tenerife experiment can be obtained by sampling an active region of a cosmic microwave sky characterized by a matter power spectrum with slope n = 1. We employ the technique of constrained realizations of Gaussian random fields to generate sky maps, smoothed to COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer scales, containing a hot spot at a prespecified location. We show that when Tenerife is normalized to Q(rms-PS) = 20 mu K, the high variance can be explained at the 68% confidence level as originating from a 2.5 sigma or larger deviation from a scale-invariant power spectrum. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV SALAMANCA,FAC CIENCIAS,E-37008 SALAMANCA,SPAIN. RP AtrioBarandela, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Atrio-Barandela, Fernando/A-7379-2017 OI Atrio-Barandela, Fernando/0000-0002-2130-2513 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP 523 EP 526 DI 10.1086/177438 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV063 UT WOS:A1996UV06300003 ER PT J AU Dearborn, DSP Steigman, G Tosi, M AF Dearborn, DSP Steigman, G Tosi, M TI Galactic evolution of D and He-3 including stellar production of He-3 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars, interiors ID CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; ABUNDANCE; MODELS; STARS; ELEMENTS AB New stellar models which track the production and destruction of He-3 (and D) have been evolved for a range of stellar masses (0.65 less than or equal to M/M. less than or equal to 100), metallicities (0.01 less than or equal to Z/Z. less than or equal to 1), and initial (main-sequence) He-3 mass fractions (10(-5) less than or equal to X(3,MS) less than or equal to 10(-3)). Armed with the He-3 yields from these stellar models we have followed the evolution of D and He-3 using a variety of chemical evolution models with and without infall of primordial or processed material. Production of new He-3 by the lower mass stars overwhelms any reasonable primordial contributions and leads to predicted abundances in the presolar nebula and/or the present interstellar medium in excess of the observationally inferred values. This result, which obtains even for zero primordial D and He-3, and was anticipated by Rood, Steigman, & Tinsley is insensitive to the choice of chemical evolution model; it is driven by the large He-3 yields from low-mass stars. In an attempt to ameliorate this problem we have considered a number of nonstandard models in which the yields from low-mass stars have been modified. Although several of these nonstandard models may be consistent with the He-3 data, they may be inconsistent with observations of C-12/C-13, O-18, and, most seriously, the super-He-3 rich planetary nebulae. Even using the most extreme of these nonstandard models we obtain a generous upper bound to pregalactic He-3: X(3P) less than or equal to 3.2 x 10(-5) which, nonetheless, leads to a stringent lower bound to the universal density of nucleons. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. OSSERVATORIO ASTRON BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. RP Dearborn, DSP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, L-58, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Tosi, Monica/O-9377-2015 OI Tosi, Monica/0000-0002-0986-4759 NR 59 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP 887 EP 897 DI 10.1086/177472 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV063 UT WOS:A1996UV06300037 ER PT J AU Kallman, TR Kahn, S AF Kallman, TR Kahn, S TI Photoionization equilibrium modeling of iron L line emission SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; line, formation; X-rays, stars ID X-RAY-SPECTRUM; FE-XVII; PLASMAS; RATES AB We present models for the emission spectra of photoionized gases in the intermediate energy (0.5-10 keV) X-ray region, including a detailed and up-to-date treatment of the atomic physics associated with the iron L shell. We discuss the general properties of iron L shell emission-line strengths and recombination continuum emission-and compare the strengths of these features with iron K shell emission and with the spectral features produced by other elements in the same energy range. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Kallman, TR (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 23 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP 994 EP & DI 10.1086/177485 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV063 UT WOS:A1996UV06300050 ER PT J AU Tang, Y AF Tang, Y TI Active control of SDF systems using artificial neural networks SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID SEISMIC STRUCTURES AB A study of the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to active structural control is presented. A Simple effective strategy for the on-line control of single-degree-of-freedom (SDF) structures is proposed. The strategy is to apply the control force at every time step to destroy the buildup of the system response, and the control force needed for the next time step is fully determined from the information available at the current time; therefore the time delay associated with the control algorithm is eliminated. The control algorithm can be implemented for either a closed or open-closed loop controller. The controller uses a trained ANN to determine the control force such that the velocity induced at the preceding time step is canceled. A feedforward neural network with an adaptive backpropagation training method is used in this study. In the backpropagation training, the learning rate is determined by ensuring the decrease of the error function of the input-output training patterns at each training cycle. Numerical examples of SDF systems under earthquake excitations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. The uncertainties in the time history of the excitation and in the modeling of the system, including the magnitudes of the excitations, the natural frequency and nonlinearity of the systems are examined. Significant reduction of the response is observed. Also, it is shown that the proposed control strategy has the ability to reduce the peak that occurs during the first few cycles of the time history, an ability that linear control laws lack. RP Tang, Y (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 5 BP 695 EP 703 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(95)00438-6 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UU008 UT WOS:A1996UU00800002 ER PT J AU Gupta, V Rich, D AF Gupta, V Rich, D TI Locating the detonation point of China's first nuclear explosive test on 16 October 1964 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article AB On 23 May 1995, the U.S. Government released a declassified image acquired by the satellite-based KH-4A camera that showed the surface scarring from China's first nuclear explosive test on 16 October 1964. The sub-scene showed the surface effects from the test with respect to the surrounding natural features. The detonation point was located by visually matching the lithological and terrain features shown in the KH-4A sub-scene with the same features shown in a Large Format Camera (LFC) ortho-image. The geographic coordinates of the 16 October 1964 test were then measured directly from the LFC ortho-image: 40.8152+/-0.0005 degrees N, 89.7925+/-0.0005 degrees E. The successful effort to locate the 16 October 1964 detonation point demonstrated the value of using declassified images with commercial images acquired by satellite-based sensors. Research on other geographic areas could also lead to the discovery of new information through the synthesis of these two sources of imagery. RP Gupta, V (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-19,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1969 EP 1974 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA UR078 UT WOS:A1996UR07800013 ER PT J AU Gu, BL Nihei, KT Myer, LR AF Gu, BL Nihei, KT Myer, LR TI Numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in fractured rock with the boundary integral equation method SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID ELEMENT METHOD; SURFACES; ELASTODYNAMICS; TRANSMISSION; CLOSURE; CONTACT AB The paper describes a boundary integral equation method for simulating two-dimensional elastic wave propagation in a rock mass with nonwelded discontinuities, such as fractures, joints, and faults. The numerical formulation is based on the three-dimensional boundary integral equations that are reduced to two dimensions by numerical integration along the axis orthogonal to the plane of interest. The numerical technique requires the assembly and solution of the coefficient matrix only for the first time step, resulting in a significant reduction in computational time. Nonwelded discontinuities are each treated as an elastic contact between blocks of a fractured rock mass. Across such an elastic contact, seismic stresses are continuous and particle displacements are discontinuous by an amount which is proportional to the stress on the discontinuity and inversely to the specific stiffness of the discontinuity. Simulations demonstrate that such formulated boundary element method successfully models elastic wave propagation along and across a single fracture generated by a line source. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Gu, BL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BLDG 90, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Nihei, Kurt/K-1239-2016 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 101 IS B7 BP 15933 EP 15943 DI 10.1029/96JB00331 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UW810 UT WOS:A1996UW81000010 ER PT J AU Slack, PD Davis, PM Baldridge, WS Olsen, KH Glahn, A Achauer, U Spence, W AF Slack, PD Davis, PM Baldridge, WS Olsen, KH Glahn, A Achauer, U Spence, W TI The upper mantle structure of the central Rio Grande rift region from teleseismic P and S wave travel time delays and attenuation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; EAST-AFRICAN RIFT; NEW-MEXICO; HEAT-FLOW; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; BENEATH; VELOCITY; STRESS; BASIN; ASTHENOSPHERE AB The lithosphere beneath a continental rift should be significantly modified due to extension. To image the lithosphere beneath the Rio Grande rift (RGR), we analyzed teleseismic travel time delays of both P and S wave arrivals and solved for the attenuation of P and S waves for four seismic experiments spanning the Rio Grande rift. Two tomographic inversions of the P wave travel time data are given: an Aki-Christofferson-Husebye (AGH) block model inversion and a downward projection inversion. The tomographic inversions reveal a NE-SW to NNE-SSW trending feature at depths of 35 to 145 km with a velocity reduction of 7 to 8% relative to mantle velocities beneath the Great Plains. This region correlates with the transition zone between the Colorado Plateau and the Rio Grande rift and is bounded on the NW by the Jemez lineament, a N52 degrees E trending zone of late Miocene to Holocene volcanism. S wave delays plotted against P wave delays are fit with a straight line giving a slope of 3.0+/-0.4 This correlation and the absolute velocity reduction imply that temperatures in the lithosphere are close to the solidus, consistent with, but not requiring, the presence of partial melt in the mantle beneath the Rio Grande rift. The attenuation data could imply the presence of partial melt. We compare our results with other geophysical and geologic data, We propose that any north-south trending thermal (velocity) anomaly that may have existed in the upper mantle during earlier (Oligocene to late Miocene) phases of rifting and that may have correlated with the axis of the rift has diminished with time and has been overprinted with more recent structure. The anomalously low-velocity body presently underlying the transition zone between the core of the Colorado Plateau and the rift may reflect processes resulting from the modem (Pliocene to present) regional stress field (oriented WNW-ESE), possibly heralding future extension across the Jemez lineament and transition zone. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & SPACE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST GEOPHYS, D-7500 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. INST PHYS GLOBE STRASBOURG, F-67984 STRASBOURG, FRANCE. US GEOL SURVEY, NATL EARTHQUAKE INFORMAT CTR, DENVER, CO 80225 USA. RI Davis, Paul/E-7151-2012 NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 101 IS B7 BP 16003 EP 16023 DI 10.1029/96JB00109 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UW810 UT WOS:A1996UW81000015 ER PT J AU Jensen, MB Dyer, JS Leung, WY Thiel, PA AF Jensen, MB Dyer, JS Leung, WY Thiel, PA TI An electron-stimulated desorption ion angular distribution and low-energy electron diffraction investigation of CF3I on Ru(001) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-IONS; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; PF3; PT(111); IODINE; AG(111); NI(111) AB We have investigated the structures of CF3I, and its dissociation products, adsorbed an Ru(001) using low-energy electron diffraction and electron-stimulated desorption ion angular distribution (ESDIAD). Atomic iodine forms (root 3x root 3)R30 degrees islands even at very low coverages. At 70% of saturation and above, a (2x2) superstructure forms which we attribute to a p(2x2) unit cell with one CF3 group and one iodine atom. ESDIAD images show F+ desorbing at normal emission and in three hexagonal patterns. The normal emission is attributed to a tilted configuration of CF3(ad) in which one C-F bond is oriented perpendicular to the surface. A small hexagon is attributed to F(ad) on step edges. A large hexagon at low coverages may arise from isolated CF3(ad) species possessing C-3v symmetry. And finally, an intermediate hexagon is attributed to perturbation of the CF3(ad) orientation by molecular fragments which result from electron irradiation of physisorbed CF3I. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 14 BP 3472 EP 3480 DI 10.1021/la950211v PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA UY990 UT WOS:A1996UY99000019 ER PT J AU Goretta, KC Routbort, JL Thayer, RL Carroll, JP Wolfenstine, J Kessler, J Schwartz, J AF Goretta, KC Routbort, JL Thayer, RL Carroll, JP Wolfenstine, J Kessler, J Schwartz, J TI Deformation of Ag/1.2 at% Mg SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID IN-TUBE TAPES; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; SELF-DIFFUSION; BI; SILVER; BI2SR2CACU2OX; CONDUCTORS; ADDITIONS; FRACTURE AB Mechanical properties of Ag/1.2 at.% Mg were measured at room temperature in air and at 900 degrees C in Ar or O-2. Exposure to O-2 at 900 degrees C induced formation of MgO precipitates, which hardened the material and decreased its ductility substantially at both temperatures, At room temperature, oxidation increased the yield strength by a factor of similar to 8 and the stiffness by similar to 16%. At 900 degrees C and strain rates of 3 x 10(-6) to 10(-4) s(-1), deformation was strongly dependent on atmosphere: in Ar, the alloy deformed by dislocation motion and underwent dynamic recrystallization; in O-2, the yield stress increased by a factor of similar to 10, but the specimens fractured after limited plasticity. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT BIOL & CHEM ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32310. RP Goretta, KC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Schwartz, Justin/D-4124-2009 OI Schwartz, Justin/0000-0002-7590-240X NR 35 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 3-4 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00298-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UZ419 UT WOS:A1996UZ41900003 ER PT J AU Abrikosov, AA AF Abrikosov, AA TI Suppression of the odd-parameter superconductivity by impurities and the odd-even phase transition SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ORDER-PARAMETER AB The first order phase transition curve between phases with an odd and an even order parameter with respect to the pi/2 rotation in the ab-plane of a tetragonal high T-c superconductor is established in coordinates T-c(w), where w = 1/tau is the scattering probability. The amplitudes of the order parameters of both phases are analyzed. A model describing an orthorhombic distortion of the order parameter is considered in order to have a more reliable comparison with experimental data on YBCO. It is shown that no qualitative difference appears with the tetragonal case. RP Abrikosov, AA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00312-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UZ419 UT WOS:A1996UZ41900004 ER PT J AU Cho, JH Maley, MP Safar, H Coulter, JY Bulaevskii, LN AF Cho, JH Maley, MP Safar, H Coulter, JY Bulaevskii, LN TI Role of superconducting fluctuations in c-axis transport of Bi-2:2:1:2 superconductor in high magnetic fields SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; VALENCE-BOND STATE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; BI2SR2CACU2O8; CONDUCTIVITY; DIAGNOSTICS; RESISTIVITY; ANISOTROPY AB The c axis resistivity rho(c) of Bi-2:2:1:2 single crystals is measured in magnetic fields up to 26.4 T. In the fluctuation regime, B > H-c2(T), the increase of rho(c) as B approaches H-c2 from above at given T is described by the theory based on the BCS model for Josephson coupled layered superconductors. In contrast, the increase of rho(c) as T approaches T-c(B) is much stronger than this theory predicts. This indicates evidence for a temperature dependent rho(c) in the normal state. RP Cho, JH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 3-4 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00209-2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UZ419 UT WOS:A1996UZ41900012 ER PT J AU Chung, M Verebelyi, DT Schneider, CW Nevitt, MV Skove, MJ Payne, JE Marone, M Kostic, P AF Chung, M Verebelyi, DT Schneider, CW Nevitt, MV Skove, MJ Payne, JE Marone, M Kostic, P TI Characterization of Bi based superconducting whiskers SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CA-CU OXIDE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GROWTH; PHASE; THERMODYNAMICS; BI2SR2CACU2OX; TRANSITIONS; SAMPLES; SYSTEM; HEAT AB We have made a thorough characterization study of Bi-based cuprate superconducting whiskers. Undoped, Gd-doped and Pb-doped Bi2Sr2Can-1CunOx (n = 2, 3) whiskers were grown using a technique developed by Matsubara et al. Chemical compositions were determined by X-ray dispersive electron microprobe and wet chemistry. The resistance and magnetic flux shielding effect were measured as a function of temperature. We used AC calorimetry to make the first measurements of the heat capacity of a single whisker of this material. The whiskers were found to contain a mixture of the 2212 and 2223 phases, although flux shielding and X-ray diffraction showed only the 2212 phase. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. S CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT NAT SCI,ORANGEBURG,SC 29117. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 3-4 BP 301 EP 308 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00270-5 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UZ419 UT WOS:A1996UZ41900015 ER PT J AU Stokbro, K Jacobsen, KW Norskov, JK Deaven, DM Wang, CZ Ho, KM AF Stokbro, K Jacobsen, KW Norskov, JK Deaven, DM Wang, CZ Ho, KM TI Incomplete melting of the Si(100) surface from molecular-dynamics simulations using the effective-medium tight-binding model SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE atomistic dynamics; computer simulations; density functional calculations; equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; low index single crystal surfaces; models of surface kinetics; molecular dynamics; silicon; single crystal surfaces; solid-liquid interfaces; surface defects; surface melting ID PHOTOELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SI(001); SILICON; METALLIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present molecular dynamics simulations of the Si(100) surface in the temperature range 1100-1750 K. To describe the total energy and forces we use the effective-medium tight-binding model. The defect-free surface is found to melt at the bulk melting point which we determine to be 1650 K, but for a surface with dimer vacancies we find a pre-melting of the first two layers 100 K below the melting point. We show that these findings can rationalize recent experimental studies of the high-temperature Si(100) surface. C1 SCUOLA INT SUPER STUDI AVANZATI,I-34014 TRIESTE,ITALY. TECH UNIV DENMARK,CTR ATOM SCALE MAT PHYS,DK-2800 LYNGBY,DENMARK. TECH UNIV DENMARK,DEPT PHYS,DK-2800 LYNGBY,DENMARK. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Stokbro, K (reprint author), TECH UNIV DENMARK,MIKROELEKTR CTR,BYGNING 345O,DK-2800 LYNGBY,DENMARK. RI Jacobsen, Karsten/B-3602-2009; Norskov, Jens/D-2539-2017 OI Jacobsen, Karsten/0000-0002-1121-2979; Norskov, Jens/0000-0002-4427-7728 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 360 IS 1-3 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00660-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UX923 UT WOS:A1996UX92300030 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ AF Feibelman, PJ TI Disagreement between experimental and theoretical metal surface relaxations SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; low energy electron diffraction; low index single crystal surfaces; surface relaxation and reconstruction ID COVERED RU(0001) SURFACE; 4D TRANSITION-METALS; RH(001) SURFACE; MULTILAYER RELAXATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LATTICE-RELAXATION; LEED; FERROMAGNETISM; ENERGY; W(110) AB A cornerstone of our understanding of surface structure is that outer-layer separations of dose-packed metal surfaces are within a percent or two of corresponding bulk interlayer spacings. Largely based on low energy electron diffraction (LEED) analyses, this conventional wisdom co-exists in the literature with numerous first-principles calculations that predict considerably larger surface contractions for reactive metals. Achieving a realistic, comprehensive understanding of bonding at surfaces requires that we uncover the source of the discrepancies. RP Feibelman, PJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 42 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 360 IS 1-3 BP 297 EP 301 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00599-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UX923 UT WOS:A1996UX92300039 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B Boller, A Okazaki, I Kreitmeier, S AF Wunderlich, B Boller, A Okazaki, I Kreitmeier, S TI Linearity, steady state, and complex heat capacity in modulated differential scanning calorimetry SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE calorimetry; complex heat capacity; glass transition; heat flow calorimeter; instrument lag; linear equation; MDSC; modulated calorimetry ID DSC; TEMPERATURE AB Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) has recently seen a large growth due to the availability of commercial instrumentation. In this paper it will be shown that MDSC based on heat flow presents a linear system as long as the conditions of measurement are carefully controlled, It will further be proven that for typical MDSC, a steady state can be maintained for heat capacity increases many times the typical increase of heat capacity with temperature, This permits not only measurement of heat capacity with continuous increase of temperature, but also the testing of glass transition regions and shallow endotherms as seen at the beginning of melting for nonreversible components. Finally, it will be shown that it may be possible to use a complex heat capacity for the description of the glass transition, but that the imaginary part of the heat capacity seems not to refer to any meaningful quantity. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM & ANALYT SCI DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 283 BP 143 EP 155 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA VC012 UT WOS:A1996VC01200015 ER PT J AU Huang, DB Ainsworth, CF Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M AF Huang, DB Ainsworth, CF Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M TI Three quaternary structures for a single protein SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE immunoglobulin light chain; solvent effects; crystal packing contacts ID BENCE-JONES PROTEIN; VARIABLE DOMAINS; ANTIGEN-BINDING; CHAIN DIMER; ANTIBODY; ARRANGEMENT; SPECIFICITY; MECHANISMS; INTERFACES; PACKING AB The structure of a multisubunit protein (immunoglobulin light chain) was solved in three crystal forms, differing only in the solvent of crystallization. The three structures were obtained at high ionic strength and low pH, high ionic strength and high pH, and low ionic strength and neutral pH. The three resulting ''snapshots'' of possible structures show that their variable-domain interactions differ, reflecting their stabilities under specific solvent conditions. In the three crystal forms, the variable domains had different rotational and translational relationships, whereas no alteration of the constant domains was found. The critical residues involved in the observed effect of the solvent are tryptophans and histidines located between the two variable domains in the dimeric structure. Tryptophan residues are commonly found in interfaces between proteins and their subunits, and histidines have been implicated in pH-dependent conformation changes. The quaternary structure observed for a multisubunit protein or protein complex in a crystal may be influenced by the interactions of the constituents within the molecule or complex and/or by crystal packing interactions. The comparison of buried surface areas and hydrogen bonds between the domains forming the molecule and between the molecules forming the crystals suggest that, for this system, the interactions within the molecule are most likely the determining factors. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43757] NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 14 BP 7017 EP 7021 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7017 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UW792 UT WOS:A1996UW79200033 PM 8692936 ER PT J AU Cheng, XH Harms, AC Goudreau, PN Terwilliger, TC Smith, RD AF Cheng, XH Harms, AC Goudreau, PN Terwilliger, TC Smith, RD TI Direct measurement of oligonucleotide binding stoichiometry of gene V protein by mass spectrometry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; BACTERIOPHAGE-FD; FILAMENTOUS BACTERIOPHAGE-M13; II PROTEIN; 5 PROTEIN; COMPLEXES; BIOMOLECULES; FLUORESCENCE; REPLICATION AB The binding stoichiometry of gene V protein from bacteriophage f1 to several oligonucleotides was studied using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Using mild mass spectrometer interface conditions that preserve noncovalent associations in solution, gene V protein was observed as dimer ions from a 10 mM NH4OAc solution. Addition of oligonucleotides resulted in formation of protein-oligonucleotide complexes with stoichiometry of approximately four nucleotides (nt) per protein monomer. A 16-mer oligonucleotide gave predominantly: a 1:1 (protein monomer: oligonucleotide) complex while oligonucleotides shorter than 15 nt showed stoichiometries of 2:1. Stoichiometries and relative binding constants for a mixture of oligonucleotides were readily measured using mass spectrometry; The binding stoichiometry of the protein with the 16-mer oligonucleotide was measured independently using size-exclusion chromatography and the results were consistent with the mass spectrometric data. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the observation and stoichiometric measurement of protein-oligonucleotide complexes using ESI-MS. The sensitivity and high resolution of ESI-MS should make it a useful tool in the study of protein-DNA interactions. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 45 TC 93 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 14 BP 7022 EP 7027 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7022 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UW792 UT WOS:A1996UW79200034 PM 8692937 ER PT J AU Morrison, JR Paszty, C Stevens, ME Hughes, SD Forte, T Scott, J Rubin, EM AF Morrison, JR Paszty, C Stevens, ME Hughes, SD Forte, T Scott, J Rubin, EM TI Apolipoprotein B RNA editing enzyme-deficient mice are viable despite alterations in lipoprotein metabolism SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA; TRANSGENIC MICE; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; ESTER AB RNA editing in the nucleus of higher eukaryotes results in subtle changes to the RNA sequence, with the ability to effect dramatic changes in biological function. The first example to be described and among the best characterized, is the cytidine-to-uridine editing of apolipoprotein B (apo-B) RNA. The editing of apo-B RNA is mediated by a novel cytidine deaminase, apobec-1, which has acquired the ability to bind RNA. The stop translation codon generated by the editing of apo-B RNA truncates the full-length apo-B100 to form apo-B48. The recent observations of tumor formation In Apobec-1 transgenic animals, together with the fact that Apobec-1 is expressed in numerous tissues lacking apo-B, raises the issue of whether this enzyme is essential for a variety of posttranscriptional editing events, To directly test this, mice were created with a null mutation in Apobec-1 using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mice, homozygous for this mutation, were viable and made apo-B100 but not apo-B48. The null animals were fertile, and a variety of histological, behavioral, and morphological analyses revealed no phenotype other than abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism, which included an increased tow density lipoprotein fraction and a reduction in high density lipoprotein cholesterol. These studies demonstrate that neither apobec-1 nor apo-B48 is essential for viability and suggest that the major role of apobec-1 may be confined to the modulation of lipid transport. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HAMMERSMITH HOSP,ROYAL POSTGRAD MED SCH,MRC,DEPT MOLEC MED,LONDON W12 0NN,ENGLAND. NR 31 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 14 BP 7154 EP 7159 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7154 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UW792 UT WOS:A1996UW79200058 PM 8692961 ER PT J AU Rohrer, DK Desai, KH Jasper, JR Stevens, ME Regula, DP Barsh, GS Bernstein, D Kobilka, BK AF Rohrer, DK Desai, KH Jasper, JR Stevens, ME Regula, DP Barsh, GS Bernstein, D Kobilka, BK TI Targeted disruption of the mouse beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene: Developmental and cardiovascular effects SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE STIMULATION; HUMAN VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIUM; BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; BETA-2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; HUMAN-HEART; BETA-2-ADRENOCEPTORS; BINDING; BETA-1-ADRENOCEPTORS; CLONING; CDNA AB At least three distinct beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) subtypes exist in mammals. These receptors modulate a wide variety of processes, from development and behavior, to cardiac function, metabolism, and smooth muscle tone. To understand the roles that individual beta-AR subtypes play in these processes, we have used the technique of gene targeting to create homozygous beta 1-AR null mutants (beta 1-AR -/-) in mice. The majority of beta 1-AR -/- mice die prenatally, and the penetrance of lethality shows strain dependence. beta 1-AR -/- mice that do survive to adulthood appear normal, but lack the chronotropic and inotropic responses seen in wild-type mice when beta-AR agonists such as isoproterenol are administered. Moreover, this lack of responsiveness is accompanied by markedly reduced stimulation of adenylate cyclase in cardiac membranes from beta 1-AR -/- mice. These findings occur despite persistent cardiac beta 2-AR expression, demonstrating the importance of beta 1-ARs for proper mouse development and cardiac function, while highlighting functional differences between beta-AR subtypes. C1 STANFORD UNIV,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT MOL & CELLULAR PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ROCHE INST BIOL SCI,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT GENET,STANFORD,CA 94305. NR 30 TC 186 Z9 190 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 14 BP 7375 EP 7380 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7375 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UW792 UT WOS:A1996UW79200098 PM 8693001 ER PT J AU Thurston, TR Jisrawi, NM Mukerjee, S Yang, XQ McBreen, J Daroux, ML Xing, XK AF Thurston, TR Jisrawi, NM Mukerjee, S Yang, XQ McBreen, J Daroux, ML Xing, XK TI Synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies of the structural properties of electrode materials in operating battery cells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INSITU AB Hard x rays from a synchrotron source were utilized in diffraction experiments which probed the bulk of electrode materials while they were operating in situ in battery cells. Two technologically relevant electrode materials were examined; an AB(2)-type anode in a nickel-metal-hydride cell and a LiMn2O4 cathode in a Li-ion ''rocking chair'' cell. Structural features such as lattice expansions and contractions, phase transitions, and the formation of multiple phases were easily observed as either hydrogen or lithium was electrochemically intercalated in and out of the electrode materials. The relevance of this technique for future studies of battery electrode materials is discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. GOULD ELECT INC,EASTLAKE,OH 44095. BIRZEIT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BIRZEIT,W BANK,ISRAEL. RP Thurston, TR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 194 EP 196 DI 10.1063/1.117369 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200019 ER PT J AU Lahiri, I Nolte, DD Melloch, MR Woodall, JM Walukiewicz, W AF Lahiri, I Nolte, DD Melloch, MR Woodall, JM Walukiewicz, W TI Enhanced diffusion in nonstoichiometric quantum wells and the decay of supersaturated vacancy concentrations SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POINT-DEFECTS; GAAS AB Enhanced superlattice disordering in nonstoichiometric AlAs/GaAs quantum wells exhibits weak temperature dependence because of the decay of the supersaturated concentration of group-III vacancies. We present a formalism for transient enhanced diffusion in nonstoichiometric materials with which we can extract migration enthalpies H-m by assuming that the vacancy decay is thermally activated with an enthalpy H-a. By analyzing the electroabsorption from the quantum-confined Stark effect for a set of isochronal and isothermal anneals, we extract a migration enthalpy H-m=(1.8+/-0.2) eV for group-III vacancies, as well as an activation enthalpy H-a=(0.7+/-0.2) eV for vacancy annihilation. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PURDUE UNIV,MRSEC TECHNOL ENABLING HETEROSTRUCT MAT,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. PURDUE UNIV,SCH ELECT & COMP ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Lahiri, I (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 239 EP 241 DI 10.1063/1.117936 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200034 ER PT J AU Golovlev, VV Chen, CHW Garrett, WR AF Golovlev, VV Chen, CHW Garrett, WR TI Heat to light energy conversion by emitters doped with rare-earth metal ions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A thermodynamical consideration of a selective wavelength emitter for thermophotovoltaic energy generation is presented to express emitter emission properties through spectroscopic parameters of dopant atoms. It is found the heat-light conversion can produce nonequilibrium conditions in the emitter material due to radiative cooling of the atomic excited states. A possible influence of inter- and intra-atomic energy transitions to emitter parameters is discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,CHEM & BIOL PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 280 EP 282 DI 10.1063/1.117950 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200048 ER PT J AU Yourshaw, I Zhao, YX Neumark, DM AF Yourshaw, I Zhao, YX Neumark, DM TI Many-body effects in weakly bound anion and neutral clusters: Zero electron kinetic energy spectroscopy and threshold photodetachment spectroscopy of ArnBr-(n=2-9) and ArnI-(n=2-19) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID VIBRATIONAL PREDISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; POTENTIAL PARAMETERS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; POLARIZABLE WATER; NEGATIVE-IONS; GAS ATOMS; RESOLUTION; FORCES AB The anion zero electron kinetic energy (ZEKE) spectra of the van der Waals clusters Ar2-3Br- and Ar2-3I- have been measured, and partially discriminated threshold photodetachment (PDTP) experiments have been performed on Ar4-9Br- and Ar8-19I-. The experiments yield size-dependent adiabatic electron affinities (EAs) and electronic state splittings of the halogen atom in the neutral clusters formed by photodetachment. These results are compared with simulated annealing calculations using model potentials for the anion and neutral clusters, making use of the neutral and anion pair potentials determined from previous work on the diatomic rare gas-halide atom complexes [Y. Zhao, I. Yourshaw, G. Reiser, C. C. Arnold, and D. M. Neumark, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 6538 (1994)]. A simple first-order degenerate perturbation theory model [W. G. Lawrence and V. A. Apkarian, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 1820 (1994)] of the neutral cluster potentials was found to agree well with the size-dependent splitting of the halogen P-2(3/2) state observed in the ZEKE spectra. However, the binding energies calculated from the pair potentials alone were found to be inconsistent with the experimental electron affinities, and it was necessary to include various nonadditive terms in the simulated annealing calculations to obtain reasonable agreement with experiment. Many-body induction in the anion clusters was found to be the dominant nonadditive effect. The exchange quadrupole effect-i.e., the interaction of the exchange induced electron charge distribution distortion among argon atoms with the halide charge-was also found to be important. This comparison between experiment and theory provides a sensitive probe of the importance of nonadditive effects in weakly bound clusters. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Yourshaw, I (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 114 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 351 EP 373 DI 10.1063/1.471893 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000001 ER PT J AU Mandelshtam, VA Taylor, HS Miller, WH AF Mandelshtam, VA Taylor, HS Miller, WH TI Collisional recombination reaction H+O-2+M->HO2+M: Quantum mechanical study using filter diagonalization SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; CUMULATIVE REACTION PROBABILITY; RATE CONSTANTS; SCATTERING AB We report the results of calculations for the collisional recombination rate of the reaction H+O-2+M-->HO2+M. This study uses the recently developed quantum mechanical theory of recombination (within the strong collision approximation) based on the flux-flux correlation function analysis [J. Phys. Chem. 99, 12387 (1995)]. The quantum dynamics calculations are based on the new very efficient computational procedure of filter diagonalization [J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10074 (1995)]. This procedure allows one to obtain individual complex eigenenergies and eigenfunctions of a large non-Hermitian matrix representation of the Hamiltonian with an absorbing potential. The computed rates are compared to the Lindemann steady-state approximation result. The latter leads to an overestimation of the rate since it does not take into account the resonance interference effects. This becomes more critical at higher temperatures where many bread high energy overlapping resonances contribute to the rate. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Mandelshtam, VA (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT CHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089, USA. NR 43 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 496 EP 503 DI 10.1063/1.471903 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000015 ER PT J AU Kaluza, M Muckerman, JT AF Kaluza, M Muckerman, JT TI Bond selective infrared multiphoton excitation and dissociation linear monodeuterated acetylene SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PULSES AB Quantum mechanical simulations of vibrational excitation of monodeuterated linear acetylene (HCCD) with linearly polarized, frequency-swept, intense but nonionizing infrared laser pulses are performed. The aim is selective dissociation of either H or D atoms by optimal shaping of the laser pulses. We use a discrete variable representation and a compact (<400 states) bright-state expansion to represent the wave function during and after the pulse. Wave packet propagations in the bright-state expansion are at least an order of magnitude faster than discrete variable representation wave packet propagations. This enables optimal-control calculations to find the best parameters for the laser pulses. The dynamics of CH-bond breaking with infrared pulses are very different from the dynamics of CD-bond breaking. This is a direct consequence of CH being the highest-frequency mode in the molecule. Selective CH-bond breaking is possible with two synchronized pulses, the first being quasi-resonant with the Delta upsilon=1 transitions in the CH stretch between upsilon=0 and upsilon=8, and the second being quasiresonant with Delta upsilon=2 transitions at higher upsilon. H-atom yields as high as 7.7%, with H to D yield ratio as high as 2.1, are demonstrated. Selective CD-bond breaking is possible using a single, subpicosecond, frequency-swept pulse. D-atom yields as high as 3%, or D to H atom yield ratios as high as 3.9, are calculated. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 11973. RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 535 EP 550 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000019 ER PT J AU terHorst, MA Schatz, GC Harding, LB AF terHorst, MA Schatz, GC Harding, LB TI Potential energy surface and quasiclassical trajectory studies of the CN+H-2 reaction SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; RATE CONSTANTS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CN REACTIONS; HYDROGEN; H-2+CN->H+HCN; HYDROCARBONS; ABSTRACTION; SCATTERING AB We present dynamical studies of the CN+H-2 reaction based on an empirical potential energy surface that is derived from high quality ab initio calculations. The ab initio calculations, which use a multireference configuration interaction method with large correlation consistent basis sets, indicate that the linear HHCN barrier is about 4.3 kcal/mol above CN+H-2, and that there is no reaction path which connects CN+H-2 to the stable intermediate H2CN, although there is a path for dissociation of H2CN to H+HCN. The empirical surface is written as a sum of two-, three-, and four-body terms, with the two- and three-body terms for HCN based on an accurate global surface that describes both the HCN and HNC force fields. The four-body terms are developed so as to describe the HHCN linear saddle point and the H2CN minimum accurately, as well as dissociation of H2CN into HCN+H, and the ridge which separates the abstraction and H2CN dissociation pathways. Other features of the potential surface, such as the HCNH cis and trans minima, and the pathways leading to the formation of HNC+H are also described, though less accurately. Three different choices for the HHCN saddle point properties are considered. We find that the surface which matches the ab initio barrier energy most accurately gives rate constants that are too low. Much better agreement is obtained using a 3.2 kcal/mol barrier. The trajectory results show typical dependence of the CN+H-2 reactive cross sections on initial translational energy and initial vibration/rotation state, with CN behaving as a spectator and H-2 playing an active role in the reaction dynamics. Analysis of the H+HCN products indicates that both the C-H stretch and bend modes are significantly excited, with bend excitation showing strong sensitivity to the saddle point properties and to reagent translational energy. At translational energies below 20 kcal/mol, direct H abstraction is strongly favored over addition elimination. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, CHEM DYNAM GRP, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. RP terHorst, MA (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. NR 36 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 558 EP 571 DI 10.1063/1.471909 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000021 ER PT J AU Wetzel, TL DePristo, AE AF Wetzel, TL DePristo, AE TI Structures and energetics of Ni-24-Ni-55 clusters SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MONATOMIC SYSTEMS; BODY FORMULATION; MECHANICS; BINDING; MODELS; ENERGY AB We predict stable geometrical structures and interaction energies of Ni clusters using non self-consistent electron density functional based corrected effective medium (CEM) and MD/MC-CEM methods. A plot of the reaction energies for the atomic ejection process, Ni-N+1-->Ni-N+Ni, for Ni-24-Ni-55 displays a number of informative characteristics: (a) peaks and valleys represent internal structural rearrangement in which the number of core atoms increases by at least one and; (b) a plateau at N=50-54 is associated with the closing of the second MacKay icosahedron at Ni-55. The lowest energy structures of Ni-N clusters for N=24-55 are dissimilar generally to those of both rare gas clusters and fragments of the bulk crystal lattice except where a stable icosahedral or bulk core is present. The growth scheme for N<50 is determined by the stability and structure of the changing number of core atoms. By contrast, the growth scheme for 51 less than or equal to N less than or equal to 55 is determined by the addition of surface atoms to a very stable and invariant 13-atom icosahedral core. The theoretical predictions are compared to available model growth schemes and experimental data. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP Wetzel, TL (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 27 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 572 EP 580 DI 10.1063/1.471910 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000022 ER PT J AU Shi, YM He, SQ Hearst, JE AF Shi, YM He, SQ Hearst, JE TI Statistical mechanics of the extensible and shearable elastic rod and of DNA SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HELICAL WORMLIKE CHAINS; STIFF POLYMER-CHAINS; SEMIFLEXIBLE POLYMERS; EXCLUDED-VOLUME; CONFORMATIONAL STATISTICS; DIRAC PROPAGATOR; SUPERCOILED DNA; FLEXIBILITY; SCATTERING; MOMENTS AB We have developed a new statistical mechanical theory for wormlike chains and elastic rods which will account for deformations of bending, twisting, shear, and axial extension/stretching. We have derived a Fokker-Planck equation for Green's function. We have also obtained an exact expression for the mean square end-to-end distance. Our new theoretical model is the most general statistical mechanical model for wormlike chain polymers available to date. The Kratky-Porod wormlike chain and the Yamakawa-Fujii helical wormlike chain models are found to be special cases of this new model. This new theory may provide deeper understanding of recent experimental data regarding overstretching single DNA molecules. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,DEPT MATH,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Shi, YM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM 1460,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 98 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 714 EP 731 DI 10.1063/1.471927 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV310 UT WOS:A1996UV31000037 ER PT J AU Wang, XN Huang, Z Sarcevic, I AF Wang, XN Huang, Z Sarcevic, I TI Jet quenching in the direction opposite to a tagged photon in high-energy heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMAS; PROBE AB We point out that events associated with large E(T) direct photons in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can be used to study jet energy loss in dense matter. In such events, the p(T) spectrum of charged hadrons from jet fragmentation in the direction opposite to the tagged photon is estimated to be well above the background which can be reliably subtracted at moderately large p(T). We demonstrate that comparison between the extracted fragmentation function in AA and pp collisions can be used to determine the jet energy loss and the interaction mean free path in the dense matter produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,MS 70A-3307,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 21 TC 188 Z9 190 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.231 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UV480 UT WOS:A1996UV48000007 ER PT J AU Hauger, JA Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Lynen, U Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, R Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K AF Hauger, JA Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Lynen, U Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, R Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K TI Dynamics of the multifragmentation of 1A GeV gold on carbon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HOT NUCLEI; FRAGMENT PRODUCTION; GEV PROTONS; COLLISIONS; CLUSTERS; MEV/U; AU AB An exclusive study of the interaction of 1A GeV Au with C shows a separability into two stages: a prompt stage involving emission of most Z = 1 and some Z = 2 particles and a second stage involving the decay of an equilibrated remnant, which typically undergoes multifragmentation. The mean mass, charge, excitation energy, and the initial temperature T-i of the remnant have been determined as a function of the total charge multiplicity, m, as has the freeze-out temperature T-f. Both T-i and T-f increase linearly with m and their values at the critical point have been determined. T-f rises monotonically with excitation energy as expected for a continuous phase transition. C1 UNIV CATANIA, I-95129 CATANIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ CATANIA, I-95129 CATANIA, ITALY. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. GSI DARMSTADT, D-64220 DARMSTADT, GERMANY. KENT STATE UNIV, KENT, OH 44242 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV NUCL SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. RP PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015 OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153 NR 27 TC 152 Z9 153 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 235 EP 238 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.235 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UV480 UT WOS:A1996UV48000008 ER PT J AU Rubio, A Alonso, JA Blase, X Balbas, LC Louie, SG AF Rubio, A Alonso, JA Blase, X Balbas, LC Louie, SG TI Ab initio photoabsorption spectra and structures of small semiconductor and metal clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SMALL SILICON CLUSTERS; LITHIUM CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; EVOLUTION; PHYSICS; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Ab initio photoabsorption cross sections of small silicon and alkali clusters (Li,Na) have been calculated by a new method. Different structural isomers of a given silicon cluster give rise to clearly distinguishable spectra. Inclusion of screening effects is shown to be essential to describe the spectra. We propose that comparison of theoretical spectra with measured ones would serve as a useful tool to discern the structure of small semiconductor clusters. Low temperature measurements and/or line-shape analysis are needed to extract detailed structural information from the spectra of alkali clusters because of the collective character of the main resonance. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV SCI MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Rubio, A (reprint author), UNIV VALLADOLID, DEPT FIS TEOR, E-47011 VALLADOLID, SPAIN. RI Rubio, Angel/A-5507-2008; PNM, GIR/O-7902-2014; Alonso, Julio /D-5781-2016; OI Rubio, Angel/0000-0003-2060-3151; Alonso, Julio /0000-0002-8604-8608; Balbas, Luis/0000-0001-8756-0489 NR 33 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 247 EP 250 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.247 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UV480 UT WOS:A1996UV48000011 ER PT J AU Samara, GA AF Samara, GA TI Pressure-induced crossover from long-to short-range order in compositionally disordered soft mode ferroelectrics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CERAMICS; BEHAVIOR AB Results on a lanthanum-modified, lead zirconate-titanate have revealed (1) pressure-induced crossover from normal ferroelectric- (nFE-) to-relaxer (R) behavior; (2) the continuous evolution of the dynamics of the relaxation process; (3) a spontaneous R-to-nFE transition at a temperature well below the dynamic glass temperature of the R phase; and (4) the vanishing of this transition with pressure at a critical point. These results can be understood in terms of a large decrease in the correlation radius among polar nanodomains-a unique property of soft ferroelectric phonon mode systems. RP Samara, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 314 EP 317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.314 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UV480 UT WOS:A1996UV48000028 ER PT J AU Mook, HA Dai, P Salama, K Lee, D Dogan, F Aeppli, G Boothroyd, AT Mostoller, ME AF Mook, HA Dai, P Salama, K Lee, D Dogan, F Aeppli, G Boothroyd, AT Mostoller, ME TI Incommensurate one-dimensional fluctuations in YBa2CU3O6.93 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI AB A novel neutron scattering technique has been utilized to discover one-dimensional fluctuations with a very sharply defined modulation period of 16.65 Angstrom along the b(a) direction in YBa2Cu3O6.93. The fluctuations are found to be absent in the reduced oxygen compound YBa2Cu3O6.15. The wave vector of the fluctuations is consistent with accepted values of 2kF for the Cu-O chains. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NEC USA,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. UNIV OXFORD,CLARENDON LAB,OXFORD OX1 3PU,ENGLAND. RP Mook, HA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170 NR 7 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 370 EP 373 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.370 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UV480 UT WOS:A1996UV48000042 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, RW AF Zimmerman, RW TI Effective conductivity of a two-dimensional medium containing elliptical inhomogeneities SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-MODULI; INCLUSIONS; CYLINDERS; SPHERES; ARRAYS; PLANE; HOLES AB Two effective medium theories, the Maxwell method and the differential method, are used to estimate the effective conductivity of a two-dimensional medium consisting of a random distribution of elliptical inclusions in an otherwise homogeneous matrix. Results are found for arbitrary values of the matrix/inclusion conductivity ratio, and arbitrary values of the inclusion aspect ratio. Both predictions are shown to satisfy Keller's reciprocity relation. The differential prediction is found always to lie within the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds, whereas the Maxwell prediction typically violates the bounds for sufficiently large inclusion concentrations. Comparison with three sets of experimental/numerical data shows that both theories offer an improvement over the first-order dilute-concentration results; however, it does not seem that either method is superior to the other, in general. Furthermore, neither method is reliable near the percolation limit. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. OI Zimmerman, Robert/0000-0001-6674-3403 NR 30 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 452 IS 1950 BP 1713 EP 1727 DI 10.1098/rspa.1996.0091 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UY919 UT WOS:A1996UY91900013 ER PT J AU McGovern, PA Vollhardt, KPC AF McGovern, PA Vollhardt, KPC TI (Fulvalene)dichromium hexacarbonyl: Structure, substitution, and catalytic hydrogenation of conjugated dienes SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEXES; BOND; CHEMISTRY; HOMODINUCLEAR; ZWITTERIONS; MECHANISM; TUNGSTEN; RADICALS; COBALT AB [Fv(Cr-2(CO)(6)] (Fv = fulvalene, eta(5):eta(5)-C10H8) exhibits the longest hithero known CpCr-CrCp bond and constitutes a catalyst for the radical dihydrogenation of conjugated dienes. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD JUL 7 PY 1996 IS 13 BP 1593 EP 1594 DI 10.1039/cc9960001593 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UX118 UT WOS:A1996UX11800053 ER PT J AU Subramanian, MA Toby, BH Ramirez, AP Marshall, WJ Sleight, AW Kwei, GH AF Subramanian, MA Toby, BH Ramirez, AP Marshall, WJ Sleight, AW Kwei, GH TI Colossal magnetoresistance without Mn3+/Mn4+ double exchange in the stoichiometric pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION AB Structural analysis from powder neutron and single-crystal x-ray diffraction data for a sample of the Tl2Mn2O7 pyrochlore, which exhibits colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), shows no deviations from ideal stoichiometry. This analysis gives an Mn-O distance of 1.90 angstroms, which is significantly shorter than the Mn-O distances (1.94 to 2.00 angstroms) observed in phases based on LaMnO3 perovskites that exhibit CMR, Both results in Tl2Mn2O7 indicate oxidation states very close to Tl-2 + Mn24+O7. Thus, Tl2Mn2O7 has neither mixed valence for a double-exchange magnetic interaction nor a Jahn-Teller cation such as Mn3+, both of which were thought to have an important function in CMR materials. An alternate mechanism for CMR in Tl2Mn2O7 based on magnetic ordering driven by superexchange and strong spin-fluctuation scattering above the Curie temperature is proposed here. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Subramanian, MA (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,CENT RES & DEV,EXPTL STN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. RI Toby, Brian/F-3176-2013 OI Toby, Brian/0000-0001-8793-8285 NR 30 TC 252 Z9 254 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 5 PY 1996 VL 273 IS 5271 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1126/science.273.5271.81 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV478 UT WOS:A1996UV47800041 ER PT J AU Gatley, SJ Gifford, AN Volkow, ND Lan, RX Makriyannis, A AF Gatley, SJ Gifford, AN Volkow, ND Lan, RX Makriyannis, A TI I-123-labeled AM251: A radioiodinated ligand which binds in vivo to mouse brain cannabinoid CB1 receptors SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cannabinoid receptor antagonist; SR141617A; Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol ID RAT-BRAIN; LOCALIZATION AB We have investigated the binding of I-123-labeled N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AM251), an analog of the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A [N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide] in the mouse brain. Following intravenous injection, the peak whole-brain uptake of about 1% of the administered activity occurred at about 2 h. By 8 h radioactivity in brain had declined to about half its peak value. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that > 70% of radioactivity extracted from brain at 2 h was still present as [I-123]AM251. Go-injection of SR141716A inhibited the in vivo brain binding of [I-123]AM251 dose dependently, At 2 mg/kg, the highest dose that could be tested, inhibition was 50% at 2 h post-administration. The ED(50) value calculated assuming that 2 mg/kg gave near-maximal inhibition was about 0.1 mg/kg. In contrast to the brain, radioactivity in other major organs (blood, Liver, kidney, heart and lung) was little affected by SR141716A. The regional binding of [I-123]AM251 in the brain was consistent with the published distribution of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain, in that the order was hippocampus, striatum > cerebellum > brain stem. Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol co-administered intravenously at 10 mg/kg, a dose which induced catalepsy and decreased locomotor activity, decreased the 2 h brain uptake of [I-123]AM251 by 10%, but this was not significant (P = 0.08). In in vitro binding assays with mouse hippocampal membranes, tetrahydrocannabinol inhibited binding of [I-123]AM251 with an IC50 value of about 700 nM, compared with about 0.2 nM for SR141716A. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,SCH PHARM,STORRS,CT 06269. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,STORRS,CT 06269. RP Gatley, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,490 BELL AVE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA03801, DA06278, DA07515] NR 15 TC 199 Z9 200 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 307 IS 3 BP 331 EP 338 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(96)00279-8 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UY108 UT WOS:A1996UY10800011 PM 8836622 ER PT J AU Sauer, MC Shkrob, IA Yan, J Schmidt, K Trifunac, AD AF Sauer, MC Shkrob, IA Yan, J Schmidt, K Trifunac, AD TI High mobility ions in cycloalkanes. Transient dc conductivity SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ALKANE RADICAL CATIONS; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; CIS-DECALIN; RECOMBINATION FLUORESCENCE; IRRADIATED CYCLOHEXANE; HYDROCARBONS; LIQUID; ENERGY; DEPENDENCE AB Transient dc conductivity is used to observe high-mobility ions in laser photolysis and pulse radiolysis of cyclohexane and decalins. While in decalins the scavenging of the de conductivity signal from these ions by solutes is a pseudo-first-order reaction, in cyclohexane the behavior is more complex and is indicative of the involvement of two species. This bimodality is rationalized in terms of a dynamic equilibrium between the conformers of the solvent radical cation. A similar equilibrium between the isomer radical cations of decalin is needed to account for the results on photoinduced conductivity in the mixtures of cis- and trans-decalin. In both of these cases, the mechanism of the equilibrium is the reversible charge transfer. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 61 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 27 BP 11325 EP 11335 DI 10.1021/jp960363e PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UV312 UT WOS:A1996UV31200021 ER PT J AU Alvarenga, AD Grimsditch, M Susman, S Rowland, SC AF Alvarenga, AD Grimsditch, M Susman, S Rowland, SC TI lambda transition in liquid sulfur studied by Brillouin scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; ELEMENTAL SULFUR; GLASS TRANSITION AB Liquid sulfur was studied by Brillouin scattering from the melting point up to 200 degrees C. Polarized spectra show no evidence of the lambda transition. The velocity of sound extracted from the Brillouin spectra agrees with previous ultrasonic measurements. The width of the central line in the depolarized spectra exhibits a maximum near the lambda transition temperature; this is in qualitative agreement with the known maximum in viscosity. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNICAMP,INST FIS GLEB WATAGHIN,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. ANDREWS UNIV,BERRIEN SPRINGS,MI 49104. RI Alvarenga, Ana Paula/M-9790-2014; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 27 BP 11456 EP 11459 DI 10.1021/jp9532125 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UV312 UT WOS:A1996UV31200037 ER PT J AU Batlogg, B Emery, VJ AF Batlogg, B Emery, VJ TI Superconductivity - Crossovers in cuprates SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Batlogg, B (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,600 MT AVE,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 7 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 4 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 382 IS 6586 BP 20 EP 21 DI 10.1038/382020a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV473 UT WOS:A1996UV47300028 ER PT J AU Santer, BD Taylor, KE Wigley, TML Johns, TC Jones, PD Karoly, DJ Mitchell, JFB Oort, AH Penner, JE Ramaswamy, V Schwarzkopf, MD Stouffer, RJ Tett, S AF Santer, BD Taylor, KE Wigley, TML Johns, TC Jones, PD Karoly, DJ Mitchell, JFB Oort, AH Penner, JE Ramaswamy, V Schwarzkopf, MD Stouffer, RJ Tett, S TI A search for human influences on the thermal structure of the atmosphere SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HEMISPHERE TEMPERATURE TRENDS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CLIMATE CHANGE; GREENHOUSE; MODEL; GASES; CO2 AB The observed spatial patterns of temperature change in the free atmosphere from 1963 to 1987 are similar to those predicted by state-of-the-art climate models incorporating various combinations of changes in carbon dioxide, anthropogenic sulphate aerosol and stratospheric ozone concentrations. The degree of pattern similarity between models and observations increases through this period. It is likely that this trend is partially due to human activities, although many uncertainties remain, particularly relating to estimates of natural variability. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. METEOROL OFF, HADLEY CTR CLIMATE PREDICT & RES, BRACKNELL RG12 2SY, BERKS, ENGLAND. UNIV E ANGLIA, CLIMAT RES UNIT, NORWICH NR4 7TJ, NORFOLK, ENGLAND. MONASH UNIV, COOPERAT RES CTR SO HEMISPHERE METEOROL, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA. PRINCETON UNIV, NOAA, GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB, PRINCETON, NJ 08542 USA. RP Santer, BD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAG & INTERCOMPARISON, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Wigley, Tom/B-4705-2008; Jones, Philip/C-8718-2009; Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Karoly, David/C-8262-2011; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Tett, Simon/B-1504-2013; Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 OI Jones, Philip/0000-0001-5032-5493; Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135; Karoly, David/0000-0002-8671-2994; Tett, Simon/0000-0001-7526-560X; NR 59 TC 304 Z9 317 U1 6 U2 62 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 382 IS 6586 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1038/382039a0 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV473 UT WOS:A1996UV47300046 ER PT J AU Ding, H Yokoya, T Campuzano, JC Takahashi, T Randeria, M Norman, MR Mochiku, T Kadowaki, K Giapintzakis, J AF Ding, H Yokoya, T Campuzano, JC Takahashi, T Randeria, M Norman, MR Mochiku, T Kadowaki, K Giapintzakis, J TI Spectroscopic evidence for a pseudogap in the normal state of underdoped high-T-c superconductors SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SPIN DYNAMICS; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; YBA2CU3O6+X; ANISOTROPY; GAP AB IT is well known that BCS mean-field theory is remarkably successful in describing conventional superconductors. A central concept of BCS theory is the energy gap in the electronic excitation spectrum below the superconducting transition temperature, T-c. The gap also serves as the order parameter: quite generally, long-range phase coherence and a non-zero gap go hand-in-hand(1). But in underdoped high-T-c superconductors there is considerable evidence that a pseudogap (a suppression of spectral weight) is already formed in the normal state above T-c-first, from studies of the spin excitation spectrum(2-5,24), which measure a 'spin gap', and later from a variety of other probes(6-10). Here we present a study of underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), which directly measures the momentum-resolved electron excitation spectrum of the CuO2 planes. We find that a pseudogap with d-wave symmetry opens up in the normal state below a temperature T* > T-c, and develops into the d-wave superconducting gap once phase coherence is established below T-c. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TSUKUBA,INST MAT SCI,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RI Takahashi, Takashi/E-5080-2010; Tohoku, Arpes/A-4890-2010; Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013; YOKOYA, Takayoshi/B-1478-2011; OI Ding, Hong/0000-0003-4422-9248 NR 24 TC 1122 Z9 1131 U1 15 U2 138 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 382 IS 6586 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1038/382051a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV473 UT WOS:A1996UV47300049 ER PT J AU Bender, A Roberts, CD vonSmekal, L AF Bender, A Roberts, CD vonSmekal, L TI Goldstone theorem and diquark confinement beyond rainbow-ladder approximation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE hadron spectroscopy; confinement; Dyson-Schwinger equations; Bethe-Salpeter equation; nonperturbative QCD phenomenology ID NON-PERTURBATIVE CALCULATION; GAUGE GLUON PROPAGATOR; INFRARED LIMIT AB The quark Dyson-Schwinger equation and meson Bethe-Salpeter equation are studied in a truncation scheme that extends the rainbow-ladder approximation such that, in the chiral limit, the isovector, pseudoscalar meson remains massless. Repulsive contributions, which appear at higher order in the Bethe-Salpeter kernel, eliminate the bound state pole in the quark-quark (diquark) channel that is present in rainbow-ladder approximation. The net effect of higher order terms on the meson bound state masses is small. RP Bender, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,BLDG 203,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 17 TC 256 Z9 257 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00372-3 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX013 UT WOS:A1996UX01300002 ER PT J AU LopezMartens, A Hannachi, F Korichi, A Schuck, C Gueorguieva, E Vieu, C Haas, B Lucas, R Astier, A Baldsiefen, G Carpenter, M deFrance, G Duffait, R Ducroux, L LeCoz, Y Finck, C Gorgen, A Hubel, H Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Meyer, M Prevost, D Redon, N Rigollet, C Savajols, H SharpeySchafer, JF Stezowski, O Theisen, C VanSeveren, U Vivien, JP Wilson, AN AF LopezMartens, A Hannachi, F Korichi, A Schuck, C Gueorguieva, E Vieu, C Haas, B Lucas, R Astier, A Baldsiefen, G Carpenter, M deFrance, G Duffait, R Ducroux, L LeCoz, Y Finck, C Gorgen, A Hubel, H Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Meyer, M Prevost, D Redon, N Rigollet, C Savajols, H SharpeySchafer, JF Stezowski, O Theisen, C VanSeveren, U Vivien, JP Wilson, AN TI Single step links of the superdeformed band in Pb-194: A measure of the absolute excitation energy, spin and parity of the superdeformed states SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DECAY; HG-192; NUCLEI AB The EUROGAM array has been used to investigate the decay out of the yrast superdeformed (SD) band in Pb-194. Six single step decays from the lowest observed SD slates to low-lying states at normal deformation (ND) have been identified. From this observation, the excitation energy of the SD band in Pb-194 is established at 4877 +/- 1.5 keV for the 6(+) SD state. The most probable spins and parities of all members of the SD band are also deduced assuming that the SD states have even spin and positive parity. C1 INST PHYS NUCL,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. CEA SACLAY,DAPNIA SPHN,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. INST PHYS NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV LYON 1,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV BONN,INST STRAHLEN & KERNPHYS,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NATL ACCELERATOR CTR,ZA-7131 FAURE,SOUTH AFRICA. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. RP LopezMartens, A (reprint author), CTR SPECTROMETRIE NUCL & SPECTROMETRIE MASSE,IN2P3,CNRS,BAT 104-108,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. RI THEISEN, Christophe/A-9343-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI THEISEN, Christophe/0000-0002-8509-1022; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 NR 33 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00367-X PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX013 UT WOS:A1996UX01300004 ER PT J AU Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Deffner, R Doeker, T Eckert, K Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Staub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Pavel, N Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Rowanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Tassi, E Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB AF Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Deffner, R Doeker, T Eckert, K Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Staub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Pavel, N Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Rowanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Tassi, E Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB TI Measurement of thee reaction gamma*p->phi p in deep, inelastic e(+)p scattering at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; CROSS-SECTIONS; CONSTRUCTION; ENERGY; DESIGN; ELECTROPRODUCTION; PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHOTON; MESONS AB The production of phi mesons in the reaction e(+)p --> e(+)phi p (phi --> K+K-), for 7 < Q(2) < 25 GeV2 and for virtual photon-proton centre of mass energies (W) in the range 42-134 GeV, has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. When compared to lower energy data at similar Q(2), the results show that the gamma*p --> phi p cross section rises strongly with W. This behaviour is similar to that previously found for the gamma*p --> rho(0)p cross section. This strong dependence cannot be explained by production through soft pomeron exchange, It is, however, consistent with perturbative QCD expectations, where it reflects the rise of the gluon momentum density in the proton at small x. The ratio of sigma(phi)/sigma(rho(0)), which has previously been determined by ZEUS to be 0.065 +/- 0.013 (stat.) in photoproduction at a mean W of 70 GeV, is measured to be 0.18 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.03 (syst.) at a mean Q(2) of 12.3 GeV2 and mean W of approximate to 100 GeV and is thus approaching at large Q(2) the value of 2/9 predicted from the quark charges of the vector mesons and a flavour independent production mechanism. C1 ANDREWS UNIV, BERRIEN SPRINGS, MI 49104 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, D-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVING, NY USA. INST PHYS NUCL, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, IFH ZEUTHEN, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, NAZL FRASCATI LAB, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, D-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXP PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST KERNPHYS, JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. TORINO UNIV, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, REHOVOT, ISRAEL. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. CNR, IROE, I-50127 FLORENCE, ITALY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016 OI Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; NR 52 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 4 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 220 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00603-X PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UX013 UT WOS:A1996UX01300033 ER PT J AU Whisenhunt, DW Neu, MP Hou, ZG Xu, J Hoffman, DC Raymond, KN AF Whisenhunt, DW Neu, MP Hou, ZG Xu, J Hoffman, DC Raymond, KN TI Specific sequestering agents for the actinides .29. Stability of the thorium(IV) complexes of desferrioxamine B (DFO) and three octadentate catecholate or hydroxypyridinonate DFO derivatives: DFOMTA, DFOCAMC, and DFO-1,2-HOPO. Comparative stability of the plutonium(IV) DFOMTA complex SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FERRIC ION; METAL-IONS; CHEMISTRY; LIGANDS; PREDICTION; MIGRATION; CONSTANTS; PU-239 AB The metal complex stability constants of Th(TV) with desferrioxamine B (DFO) and three octadentate derivatives [N-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-carboxybenzoyl)desferrioxamine B (DFOCAMC), N-(1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-oxopyridin-6-yl)carbonyl)desferrioxamine B (DFO-1,2-HOPO) and N-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-(methylamido)benzoyl)desferrioxamine B (DFOMTA)] have been determined. The formation constant of the Pu(IV)/DFOMTA complex has also been determined, and the formation constants have been estimated for the other Pu(IV) complexes of octadentate DFO derivatives. The DFO derivatives form 1:1 complexes with Th(IV) in aqueous solution. The solution chemistry of the Th(IV) complexes has been studied by spectrophotometric, potentiometric and proton NMR titrations. The Th(IV) formation constants are as follows (log K-f values and esd's): DFO, 26.6(1); DFOMTA, 38.55(5); DFOCAMC, 37.2(3); DFO-1,2-HOPO, 33.7(4). The Pu(IV)/DFOMTA formation constant, determined by competitive spectrophotometric titration is (log K-f value) 41.7(2). The estimation of the other Pu(IV) formation constants are as follows (log K-f values): DFOCAMC, 40.4; DFO-1,2-HOPO, 36.9. The selectivity of DFO and the three derivatives for actinide(IV) ions is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,G T SEABORG INST TRANSACTINIUM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 49 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 3 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 14 BP 4128 EP 4136 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA UY218 UT WOS:A1996UY21800007 ER PT J AU Ryan, DE Grant, KB Nakanishi, K Frank, P Hodgson, KO AF Ryan, DE Grant, KB Nakanishi, K Frank, P Hodgson, KO TI Reactions between vanadium ions and biogenic reductants of tunicates: Spectroscopic probing for complexation and redox products in vitro SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; BLOOD-CELLS; ASCIDIA-CERATODES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SEA SQUIRTS; TUNICHROMES; CHEMISTRY; TRIS(CATECHOLATO)VANADATE(IV); RESONANCE AB Several species of marine tunicates store oxygen-sensitive V-III in blood cells. A sensitive colorimetric V-III assay was used to survey the leading candidates for the native reducing agent of vanadate in tunicates (i.e., An-type tunichromes, glutathione, NADPH, and H2S) in reactions with V-V or V-IV ions under anaerobic, aqueous conditions at acidic or neutral pH. Except for the case of An-1 and V-V ions in pH 7 buffer, the assay results for the biogenic reducing agents clearly showed that appreciable quantities of V-III products were not generated under the conditions tested. Therefore, the assay results place new limits on hypothetical mechanisms of V-III formation in vivo. For reactions between An-1 and V-V ions in pH 7 buffer, low levels of V-III products could not be ruled out because of an interfering peak in the colorimetric assays. For similar reactions between V-V ions and An-1, or an An-1,2 mixture, in mildly to moderately basic media, the product mixtures precipitated as greenish black solids. Analyses of the precipitated V/An mixtures using vanadium K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) showed that the major products were tris(catecholate)-type V-IV complexes (65 +/- 6%) and bis(catecholate)-type (VO)-O-IV complexes (20 +/- 4%). XAS analysis of the V/An-1 product mixture also provided evidence of a minor V-III component (9 +/- 5% of total V), notable for possible relevance to tunicate biochemistry. The combined results of XAS studies, spectrophotometric studies [Ryan, D. E., et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 8640-8650], and EPR studies [Grant, K. B., et al. (1996) J. Inorg. Biochem. (manuscript in preparation)] consistently establish that reactions between tunichromes (Mm-1 or An-1) and V-V ions generate predominantly V-IV-tunichrome complexes in neutral to moderately basic aqueous media. C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Ryan, DE (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10187, GM 08281, GM 14042] NR 53 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 2 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 26 BP 8651 EP 8661 DI 10.1021/bi952151y PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UV474 UT WOS:A1996UV47400022 PM 8679627 ER PT J AU Crabtree, RH Siegbahn, PEM Eisenstein, O Rheingold, AL AF Crabtree, RH Siegbahn, PEM Eisenstein, O Rheingold, AL TI A new intermolecular interaction: Unconventional hydrogen bonds with element-hydride bonds as proton acceptor SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; METAL-COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; SIGMA-BOND; N-H; R =; CRYSTAL; IR; DIHYDROGEN; COORDINATION C1 UNIV STOCKHOLM,DEPT PHYS,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV MONTPELLIER,LAB STRUCT & DYNAM SYST MOLEC & SOLIDES,UMR 5636,F-34095 MONTPELLIER 05,FRANCE. UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM,NEWARK,DE 19716. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Crabtree, RH (reprint author), YALE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,225 PROSPECT ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. RI Eisenstein, Odile/I-1704-2016 OI Eisenstein, Odile/0000-0001-5056-0311 NR 40 TC 507 Z9 509 U1 10 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 7 BP 348 EP 354 DI 10.1021/ar950150s PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UY452 UT WOS:A1996UY45200006 PM 19904922 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, I TI Compositional parallel programming languages SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE compositionality; parallel languages; parallel programming ID MONITORS; SYSTEM AB In task-parallel programs, diverse activities can take place concurrently, and communication and synchronization patterns are complex and not easily predictable. Previous work has identified compositionality as an important design principle for task-parallel programs. In this article, we discuss alternative approaches to the realization of this principle, which holds that properties of program components should be preserved when those components are composed in parallel with other program components. We review two programming languages, Strand and Program Composition Notation, that support compositionality via a small number of simple concepts, namely, monotone operations on shared objects, a uniform addressing mechanism, and parallel composition. Both languages have been used extensively for large-scale application development, allowing us to provide an informed assessment of both their strengths and their weaknesses. We observe that while compositionality simplifies development of complex applications, the use of specialized languages hinders reuse of existing code and tools and the specification of domain decomposition strategies. This suggests an alternative approach based on small extensions to existing sequential languages. We conclude the article with a discussion of two languages that realize this strategy. RP Foster, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Foster, Ian/A-1357-2007 OI Foster, Ian/0000-0003-2129-5269 NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0164-0925 J9 ACM T PROGR LANG SYS JI ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 BP 454 EP 476 DI 10.1145/233561.233565 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VA634 UT WOS:A1996VA63400004 ER PT J AU Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J AF Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J TI Bayesian weighting for macromolecular crystallographic refinement SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LEAST-SQUARES REFINEMENT; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PROTEIN; ERRORS; BIAS AB A simple weighting scheme for atomic refinement is discussed. The approach, called 'Bayesian weighting', is designed to be robust with respect to the bias that arises from the incomplete nature of the atomic model, which in macromolecular crystallography is typically quite serious. Bayesian weights are based on the mean-squared residual errors over shells of resolution, with centric and acentric reflections considered separately and with allowances made for experimental uncertainties. Use of Bayesian weighting is shown in test cases typical for macromolecular crystallography to improve the accuracy of the refined coordinates when compared with schemes employing unit weights or experimental variances. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Terwilliger, TC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL GRP,MAIL STOP M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 743 EP 748 DI 10.1107/S0907444996001473 PN 4 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA UZ686 UT WOS:A1996UZ68600015 PM 15299638 ER PT J AU Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J AF Terwilliger, TC Berendzen, J TI Correlated phasing of multiple isomorphous replacement data SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID REFINEMENT; ERRORS AB Substantial highly correlated differences sometimes exist between a series of heavy-atom derivatives of a macromolecule and the native structure. Use of such a series of derivatives for phase determination by multiple isomorphous replacement (MIR) has been difficult because MIR analysis has treated errors as independent. A simple Bayesian approach has been used to derive probability distributions for the phase in the case where a group of MIR derivatives have correlated errors. The utility of the resulting 'correlated-phasing' method has been examined by applying it to both simulated and real MIR data sets that contain sizeable correlated errors and it has been found that it can dramatically improve MIR phase estimates in these cases. Correlated phasing is applicable to situations where derivatives exhibit substantial correlated changes in protein conformation or crystal packing or where correlated errors in heavy-atom models are large. Correlated phasing does not substantially increase the complexity of phase computation and is suitable for routine use. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Terwilliger, TC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL GRP,MAILSTOP M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 16 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1107/S0907444996000832 PN 4 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA UZ686 UT WOS:A1996UZ68600016 PM 15299639 ER PT J AU Vekilov, PG Monaco, LA Thomas, BR Stojanoff, V Rosenberger, F AF Vekilov, PG Monaco, LA Thomas, BR Stojanoff, V Rosenberger, F TI Repartitioning of NaCl and protein impurities in lysozyme crystallization SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS; LIGHT-SCATTERING INVESTIGATIONS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH KINETICS; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION; RATE DISPERSION; VAPOR; CONDENSATION; TEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY; SIZE AB Nonuniform precipitant and impurity incorporation in protein crystals can cause lattice strain and, thus, possibly decrease the X-ray diffraction resolution. To address this issue, a series of crystallization experiments were carried out, in which initial supersaturation, NaCl concentration, protein purity level and crystallized fraction were varied. Lysozyme and protein impurities, as well as sodium and chloride were independently determined in the initial solution, supernatant and crystals. The segregation coefficients for Na+ and Cl- were found to be independent of supersaturation and NaCl concentration, and decreased with crystallized fraction/crystal size. Numerical evaluation of the extensive body of data, based on a nucleation-growth-repartitioning model, suggests a core of similar to 40 mu m in which salt is incorporated in much greater concentrations than during later growth. Small crystals containing higher amounts of incorporated NaCl also had higher protein impurity contents. This suggests that the excess salt is associated with the protein impurities in the core. X-ray topography revealed strain fields in the center of the crystals comparable in size to the inferred core. The growth rates of crystals smaller than 30-40 mu m in size were consistently 1.5-2 times lower than those of larger crystals, presumably due to higher chemical potentials in the core. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Vekilov, PG (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,CTR MICROGRAV & MAT RES,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012 OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X NR 70 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 13 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 785 EP 798 DI 10.1107/S0907444996003265 PN 4 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA UZ686 UT WOS:A1996UZ68600020 PM 15299643 ER PT J AU Ramanujan, RV Maziasz, PJ Liu, CT AF Ramanujan, RV Maziasz, PJ Liu, CT TI The thermal stability of the microstructure of gamma-based titanium aluminides SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID LAMELLAR CELLULAR PRECIPITATE; PERCENT TI ALLOY AB The thermal stability of the microstructure of gamma-based titanium aluminides after aging at elevated temperatures was studied by transmission and analytical electron microscopy (TEM and AEM, respectively) as well as by optical microscopy. Predominantly lamellar microstructures of Ti-47Al (at.%), Ti-47Al + B (140appm) and Ti-47Al + B + W (0.5at.%) alloys were produced by heat-treatment at 1400 degrees C for Ih followed by furnace cooling. The average lamellar spacing of the as-heat treated was measurably finer in both alloys with solute additions (400nm in Ti-47Al, 170-190nm in alloys modified with B or W + B). The alpha(2) lamellae were especially finely distributed and continuous in the Ti-47Al + W + B alloy. These alloys were then aged at 800, 1000 or 1200 degrees C for 168h. The alloys aged at 800 degrees C did not show much change, whereas aging at 1000 degrees C produced significant lamellar break-up and coarsening in the Ti-47Al and B-modified alloys, but not much change in the alloy modified with W + B. In addition, coarsening by grain boundary migration led to the formation of new coarser, irregular and branched lamellae. Aging for 168h at 1200 degrees C significantly degraded the originally fine lamellar structure. In addition to the lamellar degradation processes observed at 800-1000 degrees C, spheroidized precipitates of alpha(2) and gamma were also observed at 1200 degrees C. At all three aging temperatures the cut surfaces of the samples showed additional effects of aging not observed in the bulk. These included the loss of Al from the sample during vacuum annealing, and the recrystallization and growth of new grains into the lamellar structure. After aging at 800 and 1000 degrees C, these sub-surface microstructural changes were found to be greatest for the case of the binary alloy and least for the Ti-47Al + W + B alloy. The observed changes of the lamellar structure during aging were found by TEM to be related to the following defects present in the lamellar structure prior to aging: low angle grain boundaries, misoriented lamellae, lamellar interfaces and lamellar colony boundaries. Some of the observed modes of microstructural instability were fault and edge migration, the dissolution of lamellae at lamellar interfaces, and the formation of new gamma grains within the lamellar structure. At 1200 degrees C, even the coarsened lamellar structure ultimately spheroidizes, particularly in the binary alloy. Other kinds of microstructural instability observed included the migration of colony boundaries, the penetration of one colony into an adjacent colony, and the growth of gamma grains found at colony boundaries into the lamellar structure of that same colony. The effect of alloying additions of B and W to the binary alloy is to refine the initial lamellar structure produced by heat-treatment at 1400 degrees C, and then to stabilize that original lamellar structure (particularly B + W) during subsequent aging at 80-1000 degrees C. C1 BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,DIV MET,BOMBAY 400085,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. RP Ramanujan, RV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Ramanujan, Raju/A-2245-2011; OI Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X NR 34 TC 77 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 2611 EP 2642 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00402-5 PG 32 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UU562 UT WOS:A1996UU56200004 ER PT J AU Yedlin, MJ Luo, Y AF Yedlin, MJ Luo, Y TI Incorporation of absorbing boundary conditions into acoustic and elastic wave propagation problems solved by spectral time-marching SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Applications of High-Performance Computing in Engineering (ASE 95) CY JUN 19-21, 1995 CL MILAN, ITALY SP Wessex Inst Technol, UK AB The focus of this paper is a detailed description of the incorporation of absorbing boundary conditions in the symbolic solution of the two-dimensional elastic wave equation. This symbolic solution forms the basis for the spectral time-marching technique, which is also described. Application of the absorbing boundary conditions necessitates the employment of a spatial spectral discretization, yielding an algorithm whose accuracy is balanced in time and space. To illustrate the usefulness of the method, a numerical example of horizontally polarized shear waves is presented. The snapshots amply demonstrate how well the numerical absorbing condition works, a consequence of Chebyshev nodal clustering. The kernel operation of this time-stepping algorithm is matrix multiplication, efficiently implemented on existing supercomputers. Execution time for the numerical example, on the VPX240/10, was a sustained processing rate of 650 M-FLOPS or 37% of the achievable peak performance of 1.76 G-FLOPS. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Limited C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT GEOPHYS & ASTRON,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z4,CANADA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Yedlin, MJ (reprint author), UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z4,CANADA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 26 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1016/0965-9978(96)00002-6 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UT378 UT WOS:A1996UT37800009 ER PT J AU Zhang, HH Brandle, JR AF Zhang, HH Brandle, JR TI Windbreak effect on biomass and grain mass accumulation of corn: A modeling approach SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; INTERCEPTED SOLAR-RADIATION; ZEA-MAYS-L; CROP GROWTH; DIFFUSE-RADIATION; LEAF-APPEARANCE; MAIZE; TEMPERATURE; AREA; PRODUCTIVITY AB While numerous studies have indicated that field windbreaks both improve crop growing conditions and generally enhance crop growth and yield, especially under less favorable conditions, the relationship between the two is not clearly understood. A simple model is proposed to simulate biomass and grain mass accumulation of corn (Zea mays L.) with a windbreak shelter or without (exposed condition). The model is based on the positive relationship between intercepted solar radiation and biomass accumulation and requires plant population and hourly inputs of solar radiation and air temperature. Using published data, radiation use efficiency (RUE) was related to plant population, and a temperature function was established between the relative corn growth and temperature for pre-silking stages. Biomass and grain mass simulated by the model agreed well with those measured for both sheltered and unsheltered plants from 1990 to 1992. Windbreaks did not significantly increase biomass or grain mass of corn for this study, even though air temperature was greater with than without shelter, probably indicating that the microclimatic changes induced by windbreaks were not physiologically significant for the 3-yr period studied. The model has potential use in future studies to relate windbreak effects to crop yield and to evaluate windbreak designs for maximum benefits. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT FORESTRY FISHERIES & WILDLIFE,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP Zhang, HH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,900 VET AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 88 IS 4 BP 607 EP 613 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UZ539 UT WOS:A1996UZ53900018 ER PT J AU Huyer, SA Simms, D Robinson, MC AF Huyer, SA Simms, D Robinson, MC TI Unsteady aerodynamics associated with a horizontal-axis wind turbine SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The wind turbine industry is currently facing many difficulties constructing efficient wind turbine machines caused by the inability to adequately predict structural loading and power output. Available evidence from wind turbines in a field environment suggests that formation of complex unsteady separated flowfields may he responsible for many aspects of wind turbine component failure. To examine this possibility in more detail, the Combined Experiment was developed. A fall-scale wind turbine was constructed and operated in a field environment. The environment chosen was subject to wide variations in wind speed and direction and subsequently generated an extensive set of data for a variety of inflow test conditions, A single wind turbine blade was instrumented with pressure transducers and strain gauges with several data sets collected across amide spectrum of typical and limiting wind turbine operating conditions. Surface pressure data taken at various spanwise locations along the blade demonstrated highly transient and spatially complex aerodynamic behavior for even the most basic operating conditions. Integrated normal force coefficient data showed enhanced lift values significantly beyond that predicted from steady state two-dimensional wind-tunnel test data. Surface pressure data and integrated moment coefficient data suggested formation of coherent vortices consistent with the dynamic stall process observed in wind-tunnel tests for pitching wings. The unsteady, three-dimensional aerodynamic behavior for this wind turbine was then discussed and summarized. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, NATL WIND TECHNOL CTR, APPL RES BRANCH, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 22 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1410 EP 1419 DI 10.2514/3.13247 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UV574 UT WOS:A1996UV57400013 ER PT J AU Pollard, ML Radke, CJ AF Pollard, ML Radke, CJ TI Effective viscosities in thin ionic micellar liquid films SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANIONIC SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS; FOAM FILMS; DYNAMICS; FORCES; STRATIFICATION; FLUIDS; FLOW AB Thin liquid films stabilized by surfactants above the critical micelle concentration exhibit stratification or stepwise dynamic thinning. A continuum hydrodynamic model is outlined for stepwise film thinning that incorporates equilibrium micellar structuring through self-consistent oscillatory disjoining pressures and effective viscosities. Effective viscosities as functions of thickness ave evaluated with an extension of the local average density model, considering dilute colloidal suspension shear viscosities and solvent effects. To establish local shear viscosities, structured DFT micellar profiles, coarse-grained densities, and disjoining pressure are used. Ionic micelles and other colloidal systems with repulsive interactions show structured effective viscosities that are generally less than the corresponding homogeneous solution shear viscosity bounded by the pure solvent viscosity and that of the bulk micellar solution. For: 0.1 and 0.2-M sodium dodecylsulfate micellar solutions, the effective viscosities are less than 5 and 10%, respectively below the homogeneous fluid viscosity, except at small thicknesses, indicating that the micellar film thins faster than a pure water film of the same thickness. Calculated thinning curves closely resemble experimental observations in the stepwise thinning behavior, displaying decreasing slopes and increased step nations at later rimes. Despite the micellar structuring within the film, the ionic micelles do not contribute appreciably to the viscous resistance of the thinning film. Rather; Reynolds' film thinning is obeyed, with the equilibrium oscillatory disjoining pressures driving the stepwise dynamics. The shear viscosity of the ionic micellar film is well approximated by that of the bulk solution. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM ENGN,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 42 IS 7 BP 2005 EP 2013 DI 10.1002/aic.690420721 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UX641 UT WOS:A1996UX64100020 ER PT J AU Bowman, EK Vass, AA Mackowski, R Owen, BA Tyndall, RL AF Bowman, EK Vass, AA Mackowski, R Owen, BA Tyndall, RL TI Quantitation of free-living amoebae and bacterial populations in eyewash stations relative to flushing frequency SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE amoebae; bacteria; eyewash stations; flushing regimens ID LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; INTRACELLULAR MULTIPLICATION; ACANTHAMOEBA KERATITIS; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; AMEBAS; PROTOZOA; SURVIVAL; CHLORINE; BIOCIDES; GROWTH AB This study investigated the concentration of amoebic and bacterial populations in eyewash station water relative to various flushing regimens: Amoebae concentrations averaged approximately 200 amoebae/100 mL in 13 of 15 stations positive for amoebae and consisted of Hartmannella and Acanthamoeba. Bacterial concentrations ranged from 10(0) to more than 10(5) colony forming units per mt. Amoebic concentrations differed notably between stations located in Buildings X and Y (p < 0.0001). Further study indicated that removal of diffusing screens did not substantially change (p > 0.05) the concentration of-amoeba. Amoebic and bacterial concentrations temporarily decreased with he various flushing regiments tested. Lower amoebic concentrations were not sustained by a weekly 3-minute or a monthly 1-minute flushing regimen. However, weekly 3-minute flushes appeared to be more effective in maintaining lowered bacterial concentrations (p < 0.0001). C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37921. RP Bowman, EK (reprint author), MIDWEST TECH INC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 57 IS 7 BP 626 EP 633 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UW928 UT WOS:A1996UW92800006 PM 8686659 ER PT J AU Jankovic, J Drake, F AF Jankovic, J Drake, F TI A screening method for occupational reproductive health risk SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE exposure limits; hazard communication; material safety data sheets; reproductive hazards; reproductive toxins AB Most currently recognized occupational exposure limits do not consider reproductive toxicological end points consistently when establishing recommended exposure limits. In many cases the information is not available, but perhaps as often, existing data is not employed. Further, many manufacturer's material safety data sheets omit reproductive hazard information. A method for identifying potential reproductive toxins and screening levels for associated health risks useful for hazard communication and exposure control is presented. To date, the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances lists between 5000 and 6000 chemicals, drugs, and natural substances that show a positive outcome in at least 1 reproductive effects study. This reproductive health risk assessment began with these substances. Using elements of the Environmental Protection Agency's health risk assessment process,the list was reduced to 213 chemicals during the hazard identification step. Occupational reproductive guidelines (ORGs) were developed in the dose-response evaluation step. At the time of this writing, 85% of the chemicals identified in the hazard identification step have had a screening level dose-response assessment completed. Of these, 13% are greater than or equal to a threshold limit value (TLV(R)). The remaining 87% do not have a TLV or ORGs below the TLV. The reproductive toxins list, a long with the corresponding dose-response-derived ORGs that have been completed, appears at the end of the text. C1 MIDWEST TECH INC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP Jankovic, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,SAFETY & HLTH TECH SUPPORT,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 57 IS 7 BP 641 EP 649 DI 10.1202/0002-8894(1996)057<0641:ASMFOR>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UW928 UT WOS:A1996UW92800008 PM 8686661 ER PT J AU Milonni, PW AF Milonni, PW TI Answer to question #21 - Snell's law in quantum mechanics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP Milonni, PW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET DIV T4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 64 IS 7 BP 842 EP 842 DI 10.1119/1.18465 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA UV870 UT WOS:A1996UV87000008 ER PT J AU Weber, M Lynn, KG AF Weber, M Lynn, KG TI Answer to question #30 - How are positrons moderated? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP Weber, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 64 IS 7 BP 843 EP 843 DI 10.1119/1.18105 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA UV870 UT WOS:A1996UV87000010 ER PT J AU Moorhead, KK McArthur, JV AF Moorhead, KK McArthur, JV TI Spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient concentrations in foliage of riparian species SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID FOREST; LEAVES; RESORPTION; FLOODPLAIN; EVERGREEN; NITROGEN; ILLINOIS; PLANTS; UPLAND; TREES AB Foliage of the dominant riparian canopy species of a blackwater stream floodplain was collected from three sites and analyzed for C, cell walls, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B. Foliage was collected three times to compare nutrient concentrations after leaf-out (April), in midsummer (August) and before abscission (October). Several species occurred at two sites and Acer rubrum occurred at all three sites. Decreases in foliage C, N, S, P, K and Cu were noted for most species as the growing season progressed. Increases in foliage cell walls, Ca, Fe, Mn and B were also observed. The concentrations of foliage Mg, Al and Zn increased or decreased depending on species. Riparian species exhibit a wide range of foliage nutrient concentrations, particularly for K Ca, Al, Mn and Zn. Separation of species based on gradients of foliage nutrient concentrations, especially Ilex opaca and Quercus spp., was clearly demonstrated by principal components analysis. Principal components were also used to examine the temporal separation of Acer rubrum at three sites. Separation of A. rubrum was most distinct in October although there were no significant differences in foliage nutrient concentrations of cell walls, Ca, Al, Mn, Zn and B. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP Moorhead, KK (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,ENVIRONM STUDIES PROGRAM,ASHEVILLE,NC 28804, USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 136 IS 1 BP 29 EP 41 DI 10.2307/2426629 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UZ113 UT WOS:A1996UZ11300003 ER PT J AU Bodie, JR Smith, KR Burke, VJ AF Bodie, JR Smith, KR Burke, VJ TI A comparison of diel nest temperature and nest site selection for two sympatric species of freshwater turtles SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID SEX DETERMINATION; PAINTED TURTLES; CHRYSEMYS-PICTA; SUBSTRATE; RATIO; EGGS AB Diel nest temperature profiles were recorded from natural nests of eastern mud turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum) and Florida cooters (Pseudemys floridana) to determine whether nest microhabitat selection compensates for the effect of interspecific differences in nest depth on nest temperature. Kinosternon subrubrum nest depths were significantly shallower than those of P. floridana (t = 2.93, P < 0.01). We predicted that differences in nest depth would result in K. subrubrum nest being cooler at night and warmer during daylight than the deeper P. floridana nests. Diel temperature patterns agreed with our predictions at night, but P. floridana nest temperatures were not lower than K. subrubrum nest temperatures during the day. Soil composition, slope and soil moisture were similar for the nests of both species. However, the amount of sunlight reaching the soil above K. subrubrum nest sites was substantially less than the amount above P. floridana nest sites. We suggest that these species select habitats for oviposition that differ in the amount and types of vegetative cover, which in turn affect exposure to sunlight and ultimately nest temperature. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. SE LOUISIANA UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,HAMMOND,LA 70402. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 136 IS 1 BP 181 EP 186 DI 10.2307/2426643 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UZ113 UT WOS:A1996UZ11300017 ER PT J AU Carey, JW Bish, DL AF Carey, JW Bish, DL TI Equilibrium in the clinoptilolite-H2O system SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID HYDROUS CORDIERITE; ZEOLITES; DEHYDRATION; SORPTION AB A thermodynamic formulation for the sorption of H2O in clinoptilolite has been obtained from analysis of equilibrium data collected by thermogravimetry on near end-member Ca-, Na-, and K-exchanged natural clinoptilolite (Fish Creek Mountains, Nevada). Temperature and pressure of the experiments ranged from 25 to 250 degrees C and 0.2 to 35 mbar H2O vapor pressure. Equilibrium of three clinoptilolite species was successfully formulated with the following expression for the Gibbs free energy of hydration as a function of temperature and pressure: Delta mu(Hy)/T = Delta mu(Hy)(0)/T-0 + (0)(Hy)>(1/T - 1/T-0) - 3R[ln(T/T-0) + (T-0/T - 1)] + R ln[theta/(1 - theta)P] + W-1/T theta + W-2/T theta(2) where R is the gas constant, P is the vapor pressure of H2O, W-1 and W-2 are the excess mixing parameters, and theta is the ratio H2O/(maximum H2O) with maximum water contents for the K, Na, and Ca end-members of 13.49, 15.68, and 16.25 wt%, respectively. The molar Gibbs free energy of hydration for calcium, sodium, and potassium clinoptilolite is -36.13 +/- 3.02, -29.68 +/- 3.77, and -25.53 +/- 1.37 kJ/mol H2O, respectively. The molar enthalpy of hydration for these phases is -76.92 +/- 2.88, -74.19 +/- 3.46, and -67.78 +/- 1.25 kJ/mol H2O. The thermodynamic formulation is applied to the occurrence of clinoptilolite at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, where the proposed emplacement of nuclear waste would lead to heating of clinoptilolite-bearing tuffs. Rock units with abundant clinoptilolite (or by analogy other hydrous phases) would remain significantly cooler than units with anhydrous minerals and would evolve a substantial volume of water. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, EES-1-MS D469, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Carey, James/B-4421-2011 NR 21 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 81 IS 7-8 BP 952 EP 962 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA VB024 UT WOS:A1996VB02400017 ER PT J AU Rockwood, AL VanOrden, SL AF Rockwood, AL VanOrden, SL TI Ultrahigh-speed calculation of isotope distributions SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB This paper introduces an ultrahigh-speed algorithm for calculating isotope distributions from molecular formulas, elemental isotopic masses, and elemental isotopic abundances, For a given set of input data (molecular formula, elemental isotopic masses, and elemental isotopic abundances), and assuming round-off error to be negilgible, the new algorithm rigorously produces isotope distributions whose mean and standard deviation are ''correct'' in the sense that an error-free algorithm would produce a distribution having the same mean and standard deviation, The peak heights are also ''correct'' in the sense that the height of each nominal isotope peak from the ultra-high-speed calculation equals the integrated peak area of the corresponding nominal isotope peak hem an exact calculation, As a consequence of these properties, the algorithm generally places isotope peaks within millidaltons of their true centroids, The method uses Fourier transform methods and relates closely to two other recently introduced algorithms. The suite of capabilities provided by these three algorithms is sufficient to solve an extremely wide range of problems requiring isotope distribution simulation. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 13 BP 2027 EP 2030 DI 10.1021/ac951158i PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UW367 UT WOS:A1996UW36700013 PM 21619291 ER PT J AU Cisper, ME Garrett, AW Cameron, D Hemberger, PH AF Cisper, ME Garrett, AW Cameron, D Hemberger, PH TI Analysis ob polar organic compounds using charge exchange ionization and membrane introduction mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL IONIZATION; INTERFACE; HELIUM; WATER; AIR AB Charge exchange ionization in conjunction with membrane introduction mass spectrometry provides a sensitive method for the detection of polar volatile organic compounds and semivolatile compounds in air. Sample introduction into an ion trap mass spectrometer was accomplished with a hollow fiber silicone membrane, assembly. Atmospheric oxygen, which diffuses through the membrane, was used as the charge exchange reagent, Chemical ionization parameters -were optimized using methyl ethyl ketone (2-butanone) standards in air, Several other oxygen-containing compounds, including acetone (2-propanone), methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone), propanal, isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol), cyclohexanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (sulfinylbismethane), 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and dimethyl methylphosphonate were analyzed with this technique. This method was used to obtain mass spectra for a variety of classes of compounds and produced a 4-20-fold improvement in response for all of the polar compounds we examined when compared to signal obtained from electron ionization. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MONTANA,MONTANA TECH,DEPT CHEM & GEOCHEM,BUTTE,MT 59701. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 13 BP 2097 EP 2101 DI 10.1021/ac960039f PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UW367 UT WOS:A1996UW36700023 PM 21619296 ER PT J AU Affleck, RL Ambrose, WP Demas, JN Goodwin, PM Schecker, JA Wu, JM Keller, RA AF Affleck, RL Ambrose, WP Demas, JN Goodwin, PM Schecker, JA Wu, JM Keller, RA TI Reduction of luminescent background in ultrasensitive fluorescence detection by photobleaching SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION AB In luminescence-based ultrasensitive analysis, such as single-molecule detection by now cytometry, the luminescence background from impurities present in the solvent or reagents can ultimately determine the detection limits. A simple, versatile method for reducing luminescence background is described. The method is based on photobleaching the reagent stream immediately before it enters the detection now cell. Dramatic reduction (an order of magnitude or more) of both low-level continuous background and single-molecule fluorescence bursts is demonstrated. Application and enhancements of the technique are discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT CHEM,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NR 24 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 13 BP 2270 EP 2276 DI 10.1021/ac9512517 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UW367 UT WOS:A1996UW36700049 PM 21619314 ER PT J AU Chen, HW Aine, CJ Best, E Ranken, D Harrison, RR Flynn, ER Wood, CC AF Chen, HW Aine, CJ Best, E Ranken, D Harrison, RR Flynn, ER Wood, CC TI Nonlinear analysis of biological systems using short M-sequences and sparse-stimulation techniques SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Volterra-Wiener approach; Volterra and Wiener kernels; random versus pseudorandom signals; anomalies of kernel estimation; inserted method; padded method; EEG and MEG studies ID MEASURING VOLTERRA KERNELS; SPATIAL STRUCTURE; RECEPTIVE-FIELDS; STRIATE CORTEX; VISUAL-CORTEX; IDENTIFICATION; ORDER; EXPANSIONS; INPUTS; CELLS AB The m-sequence pseudorandom signal has been shown to be a more effective probing signal than traditional Gaussian white noise for studying nonlinear biological systems using cross-correlation techniques. The effectiveness is evidenced by the high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and speed of data acquisition. However, the ''anomalies'' that occur in the estimations of the cross-correlations represent an obstacle that prevents m-sequences from being more widely used for studying nonlinear systems. The sparse-stimulation method for measuring system kernels can help alleviate estimation errors caused by anomalies. In this paper, a ''padded sparse-stimulation'' method is evaluated, a modification of the ''inserted sparse-stimulation'' technique introduced by Sutter, along with a short m-sequence as a probing signal. Computer simulations show that both the ''padded'' and ''inserted'' methods can effectively eliminate the anomalies in the calculation of the second-order kernel, even when short m-sequences were used (length of 1023 for a binary m-sequence, and 728 for a ternary m-sequence). Preliminary experimental data from neuromagnetic studies of the human visual system are also presented, demonstrating that the system kernels can be measured with high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios using short m-sequences. RP Chen, HW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOPHYS GRP,MS-D454,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY08610] NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 BP 513 EP 536 DI 10.1007/BF02648113 PG 24 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA UY780 UT WOS:A1996UY78000006 PM 8841726 ER PT J AU Meadows, JW Smith, DL Greenwood, LR Haight, RC Ikeda, Y Konno, C AF Meadows, JW Smith, DL Greenwood, LR Haight, RC Ikeda, Y Konno, C TI Measurement of fast-neutron activation cross sections for copper, europium, hafnium, iron, nickel, silver, terbium and titanium at 10.0 and 14.7 MeV and for the Be(d,n) thick-target spectrum SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Several fast-neutron activation reactions for copper, europium, hafnium, iron, nickel, silver, terbium and titanium that are important to fusion energy have been investigated in three distinct neutron fields generated by accelerators at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), U.S.A., and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Tokai, Japan. The experimental data acquired from this collaboration, which has been organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency, include both differential cross sections at 10.0 and 14.7 MeV and integral cross sections for the Be (d,n) thick-target spectrum produced by 7-MeV deuterons. Ni-58(n,p)(58g) + (CO)-C-m and Nb-93(n, 2n)Nb-92m were used as neutron fluence standards, and the U-238(n, f) cross section was measured at 10.0 MeV to validate the experimental techniques. Measured differential cross sections are compared with corresponding experimental data from the literature and with values obtained from nuclear model calculations and evaluations. Measured integral cross sections are compared with some earlier experimental results from ANL and with calculated values based on available differential cross-section excitation functions and various representations of the Be(d, n) neutron spectrum. Reasonably good agreement is observed in many of these comparisons. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,NAKA,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP Meadows, JW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 11 BP 877 EP 899 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(95)00068-2 PG 23 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UD609 UT WOS:A1996UD60900001 ER PT J AU Salmon, JM Yassine, M VoDinh, T Isola, NR Rebillard, X Viallet, P AF Salmon, JM Yassine, M VoDinh, T Isola, NR Rebillard, X Viallet, P TI Discrimination between tumour and normal cells by staining with 3,4,5,6,16,17-hexadehydro-16-(methoxycarbonyl)-19 alpha-methyl-20 alpha-oxayohimbanium: The uracil ring as a target for the specific interaction between RNA(s) and the fluorescent probe SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE tumor cells; normal cells; discrimination; alstonine ID IMAGE CYTOMETRY; ALKALOIDS AB 3,4,5,6,16,17-Hexadehydro-16-(methoxycarbonyl)-19 alpha-methyl-20 alpha-oxayohimbanium (Alstonine) is a fluorescent alcaloid which has been known to stain tumour cells more efficiently than normal ones. In this paper the spectral properties of Alstonine were first investigated and its capability for preferential staining of tumour cells verified in culture using SK-OV-3 cells as tumour cells and Mouse 3T3 fibroblasts as controls. Then interactions between Alstonine and biological macromolecules were investigated to provide the rationale for preferential labelling. Molecular filtration techniques have demonstrated that binding occurs only with RNA molecules. Similar experiments were performed with different isopolynucleotides to find an explanation for that specificity. They provide evidence that binding occurs only in the presence of a uridyl ring. This is consistent with the specificity of the linkage to RNA. As the linkage of Alstonine with RNA did not induce any shift or obvious change in the intensity of its fluoroescence spectrum, it is concluded that the binding might involve the side chain of the fluorescent compound. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,ADV MONITORING DEV GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CLIN BEAU SOLEIL,DEPT UROL,F-34000 MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. RP Salmon, JM (reprint author), UNIV PERPIGNAN,PHYS CHEM LAB,F-66860 PERPIGNAN,FRANCE. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH PI ATHENS PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDNTIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, POB 22, ATHENS 19014, GREECE SN 0250-7005 J9 ANTICANCER RES JI Anticancer Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4A BP 1881 EP 1886 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VA609 UT WOS:A1996VA60900041 PM 8712716 ER PT J AU Romine, MF Brockman, FJ AF Romine, MF Brockman, FJ TI Recruitment and expression of toluene/trichloroethylene biodegradation genes in bacteria native to deep-subsurface sediments SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-MENDOCINA KR1; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TOLUENE DIOXYGENASE; TOL PLASMID; PUTIDA F1; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DEGRADATION; XYLS; OVERPRODUCTION; ACTIVATION AB Four plasmids, each encoding a combination of either an Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas putida promoter and either toluene dioxygenase or toluene monooxygenase, were electroporated into five bacterial strains isolated from sediments found at depths of 91 to 295 m. Four of these engineered bacterial strains demonstrated both toluene and trichloroethylene degradation activities. RP Romine, MF (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MS K4-06, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 62 IS 7 BP 2647 EP 2650 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UV792 UT WOS:A1996UV79200069 PM 8779603 ER PT J AU Schramke, JA Murphy, EM Wood, BD AF Schramke, JA Murphy, EM Wood, BD TI The use of geochemical mass-balance and mixing models to determine groundwater sources SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SWITZERLAND; EVOLUTION; EXAMPLE; IDAHO AB The groundwater recharge system in the vicinity of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory is complex, with potential recharge from horizontal regional flow from the NE, horizontal how originating in drainage basins N and NW of the site, streambed infiltration and infiltration of direct precipitation. Groundwater chemistry, tritium, delta D/delta(18)O, delta(34)S, delta(13)C and C-14 were measured at 9 wells along 2 groundwater flow paths at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. Geochemical mass balance and mixing models were used to determine groundwater sources along the flow paths. Groundwater from the most distal well, NPR-W01, was found to be a mixture of groundwater flow from the NW, groundwater how from the NE and water from the Big Lost River. The difference between measured and calculated C-14 concentrations at this well indicate that the source waters are modern, which is consistent with the rapid horizontal how velocities of groundwater in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM & ENERGY SCI DIV, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Wood, Brian/K-4025-2012; Wood, Brian/J-8362-2013 OI Wood, Brian/0000-0003-3152-7852; Wood, Brian/0000-0003-3152-7852 NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4 BP 523 EP 539 DI 10.1016/0883-2927(96)00007-8 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA VJ678 UT WOS:A1996VJ67800003 ER PT J AU Milner, TE Smithies, DJ Goodman, DM Lau, A Nelson, JS AF Milner, TE Smithies, DJ Goodman, DM Lau, A Nelson, JS TI Depth determination of chromophores in human skin by pulsed photothermal radiometry SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL TISSUES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; TURBID MEDIA; REFLECTOMETRY; COMPONENTS; REGRESSION; CONSTANTS; WATER AB We report on the application of pulsed photothermal radiometry (PPTR) to determine the depth of in-vitro and in-vivo subsurface chromophores in biological materials. Measurements provided by PPTR in combination with a nonnegative constrained conjugate-gradient algorithm are used to determine the initial temperature distributior. in a biological material immediately following pulsed laser irradiation. Within the experimental error, chromophore depths (50-450 mu m) in 55 in-vitro collagen phantoms determined by PPTR and optical low-coherence reflectometry are equivalent. The depths of port-wine-stain blood vessels determined by PPTR correlate very well with their locations found by computer-assisted microscopic observation of histologic sections. The mean blood-vessel depth deduced from PPTR and histologic observation is statistically indistinguishable (p > 0.94). C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT DERMATOL,IRVINE,CA 92715. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT SURG,IRVINE,CA 92715. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FINCH UNIV HLTH SCI CHICAGO MED SCH,N CHICAGO,IL 60637. HARVEY MUDD COLL,DEPT PHYS,CLAREMONT,CA 91711. RP Milner, TE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,BECKMAN LASER INST & MED CLIN,IRVINE,CA 92715, USA. NR 31 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 19 BP 3379 EP 3385 DI 10.1364/AO.35.003379 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA UW460 UT WOS:A1996UW46000010 PM 21102725 ER PT J AU vanLoevezijn, P Schlatmann, R Verhoeven, J vanTiggelen, BA Gullikson, EM AF vanLoevezijn, P Schlatmann, R Verhoeven, J vanTiggelen, BA Gullikson, EM TI Numerical and experimental study of disordered multilayers for broadband x-ray reflection SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE disordered multilayers; x-ray optics ID PHOTON LOCALIZATION; PERFORMANCE AB The effect of layer thickness disorder in periodic multilayers on x-ray reflectivity is investigated numerically and experimentally. We present ensemble calculations, taking into account absorption and interfacial roughness. It is demonstrated that layer thickness disorder yields band broadening and increased integrated reflectivity. For applications we concentrate on extrema of the ensembles, giving the highest integrated reflectivity. We develop global optimization methods that can also be used to generate specified reflection band structures. In a few examples, applications of the optimization methods are discussed. To illustrate the practical applicability of the methods, we compare experimental realizations to the calculation. In one case we achieve a 42% increase in integrated reflectivity in the 130 Angstrom < lambda < 190 Angstrom spectral range with respect to a periodic multilayer with its first-order Bragg peak in the center of that range. Accurate control of layer thicknesses is our main experimental obstacle. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV GRENOBLE 1,CNRS,LAB PHYS NUMER SYST COMPLEXES,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP vanLoevezijn, P (reprint author), FDN FUNDAMENTAL RES MATTER,INST ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,KRUISLAAN 407,1098 SJ AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 19 BP 3614 EP 3619 DI 10.1364/AO.35.003614 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA UW460 UT WOS:A1996UW46000040 PM 21102755 ER PT J AU Twesten, RD Follstaedt, DM Choquette, KD Schneider, RP AF Twesten, RD Follstaedt, DM Choquette, KD Schneider, RP TI Microstructure of laterally oxidized AlxGa1-xAs layers in vertical-cavity lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have studied the lateral oxidation of AlxGa1-xAs (x=0.98 and 0.92) layers contained in vertical-cavity lasers using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. We find a fine-grained (similar to 4 nm) cubic spinel phase of Al2O3 in both the 2% Ga- and 8% Ca-oxidized layers. The 8% Ga-oxidized layers contract vertically by 6.7% and not the expected 20% for a fully dense Al2O3 layer, with the 2% Ga-oxidized layers showing a similar contraction. We observe a similar to 17-nm-thick amorphous interface between the oxidized and unoxidized AlxGa1-xAs layers, which may account for the excellent electrical properties of these devices. We also observe metastable amorphous cavities associated with the moving reaction front. We infer the reaction proceeds from an initial amorphous phase that then transforms to a porous gamma-Al2O3 layer. RP Twesten, RD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 1 BP 19 EP 21 DI 10.1063/1.118103 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU590 UT WOS:A1996UU59000007 ER PT J AU Ferraro, JR Wu, JG Soloway, RD Li, WH Xu, YZ Xu, DF Shen, GR AF Ferraro, JR Wu, JG Soloway, RD Li, WH Xu, YZ Xu, DF Shen, GR TI Copper binding to bilirubin as determined by FT-IR and EPR spectroscopy SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article AB Copper is known to form complexes with bilirubin (H(2)BR). Such complexes have received increased attention because of their clinical significance as free-radical scavengers. The purpose of this study was to examine a series of CU2+ BR complexes to ascertain the nature of the binding between Cu2+ and BR, Several physical measurements of the salts were made, such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), The complexes were prepared by dissolving protonated BR in NaOH and adding different ratios of aqueous CuCl2. At ratios of Cu2(+)/H(2)BR of 1:1 and 2:1, soluble complexes were formed, in solution, EPR spectra demonstrated nine hyperfine peaks, which, from the splitting, is indicative of Cu2+ coordinated to four nitrogen atoms coming from two molecules of BR, The solid obtained from the solutions demonstrated predominant infrared absorptions at 1574 and 1403 cm(-1) (previously assigned as COO- vibrations, asymmetric and symmetric), whereas the 1710-cm(-1) vibration appears only as a shoulder (previously assigned as the free COOH vibration), indicative that most of the COO- groups have reacted with sodium, thus accounting for the aqueous solubility. The NH stretching vibration in the pyrrole group of H,BR has disappeared and is replated with the OH stretching vibration in H2O. At higher ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 (Cu2+/H(2)BR), black precipitates are formed, which produce no EPR signals. Furthermore, the NH vibration disappears as in the soluble solution completes, It can be concluded that the insoluble salts (higher Cu2+/H(2)BR ratios) are mixed complexes containing the Cu-nitrogen chelate and Cu salts involving the COOH groups. C1 BEIJING UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BEIJING 100871,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DIV GASTROENTEROL,GALVESTON,TX 77555. RP Ferraro, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 26 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 50 IS 7 BP 922 EP 927 DI 10.1366/0003702963905466 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA UZ548 UT WOS:A1996UZ54800019 ER PT J AU Keller, RA Ambrose, WP Goodwin, PM Jett, JH Martin, JC Wu, M AF Keller, RA Ambrose, WP Goodwin, PM Jett, JH Martin, JC Wu, M TI Single molecule fluorescence analysis in solution SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Review ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; EXPONENTIAL DECAY PARAMETERS; FLOWING SAMPLE STREAMS; DETECTION LIMITS; CAPILLARY; CYTOMETRY; MICRODROPLETS; HYBRIDIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; PROBABILITY C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Keller, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 51 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 3 U2 21 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 50 IS 7 BP A12 EP A32 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA UZ548 UT WOS:A1996UZ54800002 ER PT J AU Jiang, M Lanagan, MT Goretta, KC AF Jiang, M Lanagan, MT Goretta, KC TI Microstructure and properties of Tl0.75Bi0.25Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3Ox tapes SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; SHEATHED SUPERCONDUCTING TAPE; MECHANICAL DEFORMATION; CU-O; WIRE; TL; FABRICATION AB Ag-clad Tl0.75Bi0.25Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu2Ox tapes were fabricated by a powder-in-tube technique. The starting powders consisted of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox plus simple oxides. The tapes were heated in flowing O-2 at 835-865 degrees C for 7.5-10 h. Room-temperature pressing at 1.0-1.5 GPa produced tapes with denser, more phase-pure cores, and transport critical current density J(c) at 77 K in self-field that was increased by a factor of approximate to 2. The maximum J(c) value of 6 x 10(3) A/cm(2) was obtained with heating at 840-850 degrees C for approximate to 10 h, with three intermediate pressing steps. The cores of the best tapes were still rather porous and contained significant concentrations of nonsuperconducting phases. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Jiang, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 4 IS 7-8 BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S0964-1807(97)00017-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XK582 UT WOS:A1996XK58200003 ER PT J AU Didier, L Routbort, JL Mitchell, JF Goretta, KC AF Didier, L Routbort, JL Mitchell, JF Goretta, KC TI High-temperature deformation of polycrystalline Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID CU-O SUPERCONDUCTORS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE-STABILITY; OXYGEN; DIFFUSION; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; PRESSURE; STRENGTH; CREEP AB High-temperature deformation of approximate to 75-80% dense polycrystalline Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox (Tl-2212) was studied at approximate to 90% of its melting temperature. For strain rates t of 5 x 10(-6)-2 x 10(-5) s(-1), deformation occurred by diffusional flow. The creep rate could be described by an Arrhenius relationship: (epsilon) over dot = A sigma(1.3+/-0.2)pO(2)(-1/(2.2+/-0.5)) exp(-(566+/-150 kJ/mole)/RT). where A is a constant, a is stress, pO(2) is oxygen partial pressure, R is the gas constant, and Tis absolute temperature. The activation energy was ascribed to diffusion of one of the cations along short-circuiting paths such as grain boundaries, stacking faults, or dislocation cores. The pO(2) dependence of (epsilon) over dot was similar to that obtained previously for YBa2Cu3Ox. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Didier, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 4 IS 7-8 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1016/S0964-1807(97)00013-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XK582 UT WOS:A1996XK58200005 ER PT J AU Alves, DR Hoard, DW AF Alves, DR Hoard, DW TI Near-infrared observations of the proto-planetary nebula IRAS 07131-0147 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PROTOPLANETARY NEBULAE; EVOLUTION AB We have obtained near-infrared imaging and an optical spectrum of the proto-planetary nebula IRAS 07131 -0147, a highly polarized bipolar reflection nebula believed to be in evolutionary transition from the asymptotic giant branch to the planetary nebula phase. Our images reveal point reflection symmetry in the lobes - a relatively rare morphological feature. We place an upper limit on the distance of 6.5 kpc. Utilizing numerical integrations of single grain scattering models we find the nebula to lie at an inclination angle of i = 20+/-5 degrees in the plane of the sky. We present a refined geometric interpretation of IRAS 07131-0147 consistent with our new observational data and argue that the central star is likely to have an as yet undetected binary companion. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 112 IS 1 BP 230 EP & DI 10.1086/118004 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UU510 UT WOS:A1996UU51000021 ER PT J AU Parma, P deRuiter, HR Mack, KH vanBreugel, W Dey, A Fanti, R Klein, U AF Parma, P deRuiter, HR Mack, KH vanBreugel, W Dey, A Fanti, R Klein, U TI 1358+305: A giant radio galaxy at z=0.206 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radio continuum, galaxies; galaxies, B2 1358+305; radiation mechanisms, non-thermal; galaxies, jets ID VLA OBSERVATIONS; SAMPLE AB A 1.5 Mpc radio galaxy has been discovered at a redshift 0.206. Using maps at three frequencies we estimate a source age similar to 7.5 . 10(7) yrs, an expansion speed similar to 0.03 c, a jet power similar to 10(44) erg s(-1) and an external density less than or equal to 10(-6) cm(-3). We conclude that the source has a large size because it has expanded in a low-density ambient medium and not because it is very old. C1 UNIV BONN, INST RADIOASTRON, D-53121 BONN, GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. OSSERVATORIO ASTRON BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. RP Parma, P (reprint author), CNR, IST RADIOASTRON, VIA P GOBETTI 101, I-40129 BOLOGNA, ITALY. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 311 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV894 UT WOS:A1996UV89400007 ER PT J AU Smit, JM Cernohorsky, J AF Smit, JM Cernohorsky, J TI Legendre expansion of the neutrino-electron scattering kernel SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dense matter; scattering; supernovae ID STELLAR CORE COLLAPSE; TRANSPORT AB The expansion of the neutrino-electron scattering rate in a Legendre series of the scattering angle is extended to include quadratic terms. This extension provides a considerable improvement of the 'fit' to the scattering rate. On the other hand, the effect of the quadratic terms on the neutrino transport during the infall phase of a Type II supernova is found to be negligible. This is partly due to the specific state of the matter background and the shape of the neutrino spectra which suppress the phase space where the quadratic Legendre approximant could be significant. Furthermore, the intrinsic structure of the Boltzmann equation causes suppression of (nearly) coherent scattering in the forward direction where the scattering rate deviates most from a linear approximation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Smit, JM (reprint author), UNIV AMSTERDAM, CTR HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS, KRUISLAAN 403, NL-1089 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 311 IS 1 BP 347 EP 351 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV894 UT WOS:A1996UV89400038 ER PT J AU Colombi, S Bouchet, FR Hernquist, L AF Colombi, S Bouchet, FR Hernquist, L TI Self-similarity and scaling behavior of scale-free gravitational clustering SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE large-scale structure of universe; methods, numerical; methods, statistical ID INVARIANT MATTER DISTRIBUTION; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; GALAXY DISTRIBUTION; EXPANDING UNIVERSE; CORRELATION HIERARCHY; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; FLUCTUATIONS; GRAVITY; CATALOG AB We determine the scaling properties of the probability distribution of the smoothed density field in N-body simulations of expanding universes with scale-free initial power-spectra, {\delta(k)\(2)] proportional to k(n), with particular attention to the predictions of the stable clustering hypothesis. We concentrate our analysis on the ratios S-Q(l) = xi(Q)/xi(2)(Q-1), where xi(Q) is the average Q-body correlation function over a cell of a radius l. According to the stable clustering hypothesis, S-Q should not depend on scale. We performed measurements for Q less than or equal to 5. The behavior of the higher order correlations is studied through that of the void probability distribution, P-0(l), which is the probability of finding an empty cell of radius l. If the stable clustering hypothesis applies, the function P-0 should also exhibit remarkable scaling properties. In our analysis, we take carefully into account various misleading effects, such as initial grid contamination, loss of dynamics due to the short-range softening of the forces, and finite volume size of our simulations. Only after correcting for the latter do we find agreement of the measured S-Q with the expected self-similar behavior. Otherwise, P-0 is only weakly sensitive to such effects and closely follows the expected self-similar behavior. The ratios exhibit two plateaus separated by a smooth transition when xi(2)(l) similar to 1. In the weakly nonlinear regime xi(2) less than or similar to 1, the results are in reasonable agreement with the predictions of perturbation theory. In the strongly nonlinear regime, xi(2) > 1, the S-Q values are larger than in the weakly nonlinear regime, and increasingly so with -n. They are well fitted by the expression S-Q = (xi(2)/100)(0.04(Q-2))S-Q for all n and 3 less than or equal to Q less than or equal to 5. This weak dependence on scale proves a small but significant departure from the stable clustering predictions, at least for n = 0 and n = +1. The analysis P-0 confirms that the expected scale invariance of the functions S-Q is not exactly attained in the part of the nonlinear regime we probe, except possibly for n = -2 and marginally for n = -1. In these two cases, our measurements are not accurate enough to be discriminant. On the other hand, we could demonstrate that the observed power-law behavior of S-Q cannot be generalized as such to arbitrary order in Q. Indeed, we show that this would induce scaling properties of P-0 that are incompatible with those measured. C1 INST ASTROPHYS,CNRS,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,INST THEORET PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP Colombi, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Bouchet, Francois/B-5202-2014 NR 57 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 1 BP 14 EP 33 DI 10.1086/177398 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UR889 UT WOS:A1996UR88900003 ER PT J AU Cimatti, A Dey, A vanBreugel, W Antonucci, R Spinrad, H AF Cimatti, A Dey, A vanBreugel, W Antonucci, R Spinrad, H TI Keck spatially resolved spectropolarimetry of the distant radio galaxy 3C 324 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, individual, (3C 324); galaxies, ISM; galaxies, magnetic fields; polarization; radio continuum, galaxies; scattering ID EMISSION-LINE PROPERTIES; OPTICAL MORPHOLOGIES; POLARIZATION; QUASARS; ALIGNMENT; ULTRAVIOLET; DEPENDENCE; CONTINUUM; SPECTRUM; SAMPLES AB We present the results of spatially resolved optical spectropolarimetry of the distant (z = 1.2) radio galaxy 3C 324 obtained with the W. M. Keck telescope. The spatially integrated linear polarization is P approximate to 11% with the electric vector oriented perpendicular to the UV continuum axis. The polarization of the continuum and the position angle of the electric vector are constant with wavelength. In addition, we find that the polarization is spatially extended, but it does not show strong variations along the major axis of the UV continuum. We detect the broad permitted emission line of Mg II lambda 2800 in the polarized spectrum. The polarization of the narrow forbidden emission line of [O II] lambda 3727 is small. Scattering of anisotropic radiation emitted by a hidden quasar nucleus is the favored mechanism to explain the observed properties. The significant reddening required to model the observed total flux and polarized spectra, and to explain the small residual [O II] lambda 3727 line polarization, suggests that a substantial amount of dust is present. Scattering by hot (T-e > 10(6) K) electrons can be ruled out by the velocity width of the polarized Mg II lambda 2800 line. The required masses of scattering particles and the presence of dust in 3C 324 suggest that dust scattering is dominant in individual clouds, but a contribution by warm electron scattering cannot be excluded. Despite the large uncertainties, our data suggest that a fraction of the total UV flux is due to unpolarized radiation emitted in situ and whose nature is presently unclear. We detect a faint companion galaxy along the radio axis of 3C 324 and find that its spectrum shows evidence for ongoing star formation. We discuss the implications of our findings and their relevance to the interpretation of the alignment effect, the unified model of radio-loud active galactic nuclei, and the stellar content of high-redshift radio galaxies. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT ASTRON, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT PHYS, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, 7000 E AVE, POB 808, L413, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 76 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 1 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1086/177408 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UR889 UT WOS:A1996UR88900013 ER PT J AU Dey, A Cimatti, A vanBreugel, W Antonucci, R Spinrad, H AF Dey, A Cimatti, A vanBreugel, W Antonucci, R Spinrad, H TI On the origin of the ultraviolet continuum emission from the high-redshift radio galaxy 3C 256 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (3C 256); galaxies, ISM; polarization scattering; ultraviolet, galaxies ID ABSORPTION-LINE QUASARS; SPECTRAL-SYNTHESIS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STANDARDS; LUMINOSITY DEPENDENCE; STAR FORMATION; POLARIZATION; SCATTERING; ALIGNMENT; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY; NGC-1068 AB We report spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the W. M. Keck Telescope of the high-redshift (z = 1.824) aligned radio galaxy 3C 256. Our observations confirm that the spatially extended UV continuum emission from this galaxy is polarized (P-v approximate to 10.9% +/- 0.9%) with the electric vector perpendicular to the aligned radio and optical major axes (theta(v) approximate to 48.0 degrees +/- 2.4 degrees). This strongly suggests that a significant fraction of the rest frame UV continuum emission from the galaxy is not starlight, but is instead scattered light from a powerful active galactic nucleus that is hidden from our direct view. The narrow emission lines, including Mg II, are unpolarized. The percentage polarization of the continuum emission and the polarization position angle are roughly constant as a function of wavelength. Although the present data do not permit us to discriminate between cool electrons and dust as the origin of the scattering, scattering by a population of hot (T greater than or similar to 10(7) K) electrons cannot be the dominant process, since such a population would overproduce X-ray emission. A large population of cooler electrons (T approximate to 10(4) K) could be responsible for both the line emission and the scattered light, but would require that the dust-to-gas ratio in the scattering cones is 10(-3) times smaller than that in our Galaxy and would imply that a large fraction of the baryonic mass in the galaxy is in the ionized component of its interstellar medium. Dust scattering is more efficient, but would result in detectable extinction of the emission-line spectrum unless the dust distribution is more highly clumped than the line emitting gas. Finally, we detect a strong (W-lambda(rest) approximate to 12 Angstrom) broad (FWHM approximate to 6500 km s(-1)) absorption line centered at lambda(rest) approximate to 1477 Angstrom. We discuss several possibilities for its origin and conclude that the most likely candidate is absorption by a high-velocity broad absorption line cloud near the nucleus of 3C 256. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. NR 90 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 1 BP 157 EP 172 DI 10.1086/177409 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UR889 UT WOS:A1996UR88900014 ER PT J AU Simpson, JA Zhang, M Bame, S AF Simpson, JA Zhang, M Bame, S TI A solar polar north-south asymmetry for cosmic-ray propagation in the heliosphere: The Ulysses pole-to-pole rapid transit SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM, cosmic rays; interplanetary medium; solar wind; Sun, magnetic fields AB The pole-to-pole fast transit of the heliosphere at similar to 2 AU from the Sun by the international Ulysses spacecraft has made it possible for the first time to investigate in three dimensions the solar wind, interplanetary magnetic field, and-as reported herein-the global propagation of Galactic cosmic rays and anomalous helium. We use measurements of cosmic-ray protons with a mean energy similar to 2 GeV and helium component fluxes in the energy range 30-70 MeV per nucleon to illustrate new phenomena of charged particle propagation through the heliosphere. The latitude gradients are the same in both hemispheres-namely, similar to 0.3% deg(-1) for cosmic rays, and similar to 0.7% deg(-1) for anomalous helium. It was a surprise to discover that, although the heliospheric modulation of these components is remarkably symmetric globally, the plane of symmetry is offset southward from the Sun's heliographic equator by similar to 10 degrees of latitude and that the fluxes over the north pole exceed those at the south pole by similar to 6%-15%. Although unexplained at present, the implications of this offset are discussed with respect to interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind observations. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 27 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 1 BP L69 EP L72 DI 10.1086/310127 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UR891 UT WOS:A1996UR89100018 ER PT J AU Scoccimarro, R Frieman, J AF Scoccimarro, R Frieman, J TI Loop corrections in nonlinear cosmological perturbation theory SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE cosmology, theory; methods, analytical; large-scale structure of universe ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; CORRELATION HIERARCHY; EVOLUTION; APPROXIMATION; UNIVERSE; DENSITY; FLUCTUATIONS; GRAVITY AB Using a diagrammatic approach to Eulerian perturbation theory, we calculate analytically the variance and skewness of the density and velocity divergence induced by gravitational evolution from Gaussian initial conditions, including corrections beyond leading order. Except for the power spectrum, previous calculations in cosmological perturbation theory have been confined to leading order (tree level): we extend these to include loop corrections. For scale-free initial power spectra, P(k) similar to k(n) with -2 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 2, the one-loop variance sigma(2) = [delta(2)] = sigma(l)(2) + 1.82 sigma(l)(4), and the skewness S-3 = [delta(3)]/sigma(4) = 34/7 + 9.8 sigma(l)(2), where sigma(l) is the rms fluctuation of the density field to linear order. (These results depend weakly on the spectral index n, due to the nonlocality of the nonlinear solutions to the equations of motion.) Thus, loop corrections for the (unsmoothed) density held begin to dominate over tree-level contributions (and perturbation theory presumably begins to break down) when sigma(l)(2) similar or equal to 1/2. For the divergence of the velocity field, loop dominance does not occur until sigma(l)(2) approximate to 1. We also compute loop corrections to the variance, skewness, and kurtosis for several nonlinear approximation schemes, where the calculation can be easily generalized to one-point cumulants of higher order and arbitrary number of loops. We find that the Zeldovich approximation gives the best approximation to the loop corrections of exact perturbation theory, followed by the linear potential approximation (LPA) and the frozen flow approximation (FFA), in qualitative agreement with the relative behavior of tree-level results. In LPA and FFA, loop corrections are infrared divergent for spectral indices n less than or equal to -1; this is related to the breaking of Galilean invariance in these schemes. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Scoccimarro, R (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 68 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 37 EP 73 DI 10.1086/192306 PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV154 UT WOS:A1996UV15400003 ER PT J AU Colbert, EJM Baum, SA Gallimore, JF ODea, CP Lehnert, MD Tsvetanov, ZI Mulchaey, JS Caganoff, S AF Colbert, EJM Baum, SA Gallimore, JF ODea, CP Lehnert, MD Tsvetanov, ZI Mulchaey, JS Caganoff, S TI Large-scale outflows in edge-on Seyfert galaxies .1. Optical emission-line imaging and optical spectroscopy SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE cooling flows; galaxies, ISM; galaxies, kinematics and dynamics; galaxies, Seyfert ID EXTENDED IONIZED-GAS; ACTIVE GALAXIES; RADIO-EMISSION; SPIRAL GALAXIES; KINEMATICS; IONIZATION; SAMPLE; NGC-4388; SUPERWINDS; NGC-5506 AB We have launched a search for large-scale (greater than or similar to 1 kpc) minor axis outflows in edge-on Seyfert galaxies in order to assess their frequency of occurrence and to study their properties. Here we present optical continuum and H alpha + [N II] line images and/or minor axis long-slit spectra of 22 edge-on Seyfert galaxies. Six of these galaxies show at least one of the following: (i) bi-symmetric H alpha halos extending along the minor axis, (ii) bright emission-line complexes at distances greater than or similar to 4 kpc (in projection) out of the disk, and (iii) double-peaked emission-line profiles from the gas along the minor axis, suggesting that a windblown bubble is present. Our results indicate that greater than or similar to 1/4 of Seyfert galaxies have good evidence for minor axis galactic outflows. Kinetic luminosities of the galactic outflows in our sample Seyfert galaxies are similar to 10(40)-10(42) ergs s(-1), assuming all the observed minor axis emission is produced by the outflow. These values are, in general, similar to 0.1 as large as those well-studied cases of superwinds in starburst galaxies (Heckman, Armus, & Miley 1990). However, far-infrared luminosities of our sample Seyfert galaxies are also similar to 0.1 as large. Both starburst-driven superwinds and wide-angled outflows from the active galactic nucleus are possible explanations for the observed large-scale outflows. C1 UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ASTRON, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CTR ASTROPHYS SCI, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. CARNEGIE OBSERV, PASADENA, CA 91101 USA. ARC SYST PROPRIETARY LTD, SYDNEY, NSW 2000, AUSTRALIA. RP Colbert, EJM (reprint author), SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, 3700 SAN MARTIN DR, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. NR 52 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 75 EP 92 DI 10.1086/192307 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV154 UT WOS:A1996UV15400004 ER PT J AU Chang, YS Arndt, RL Carmichael, GR AF Chang, YS Arndt, RL Carmichael, GR TI Mineral base-cation deposition in Asia SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Atmospheric Science and Applications to Air Quality CY MAY 30-JUN 02, 1994 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA DE yellow sand; mineral aerosol; calcium deposition; fugitive dust emissions; long range transport; acidic 'critical loads' ID AEROSOL AB Efforts are being made to model the role of base-cation deposition due to wind-blown dust particles from arid and semi arid regions in Central and Eastern Asia. In this paper, we estimate base-cation deposition in Asia on a one-degree spatial resolution in the region from Pakistan to Japan, and from Indonesia to Russia resulting from emissions from arid and semi-arid regions in China and Mongolia. Fluxes of base-cation rich soils into the atmosphere are estimated based on meteorological and land use information. The long-range transport and deposition of these particles are modeled using a multi-layer long-range transport model. Atmospheric concentrations and deposition fluxes (both wet and dry) of base-cation rich soils are estimated on a monthly basis for the springtime, when dust storms are most active. The calculated fluxes are compared to observations and are also used in estimations of acidic ''Critical Loads'' for Asia. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 UNIV IOWA,CTR GLOBAL & REG ENVIRONM RES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM ENGN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. RP Chang, YS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 13 BP 2417 EP 2427 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UH933 UT WOS:A1996UH93300012 ER PT J AU Reck, RA Weinberg, BL Bornick, RM Wen, G Frederick, JE AF Reck, RA Weinberg, BL Bornick, RM Wen, G Frederick, JE TI A new approach to the characterization of long-term changes in total atmospheric ozone: Determination and application of frequency distributions SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE ozone; frequency distribution; TOMS; total ozone ID TOMS DATA; TRENDS AB This paper sets forth a new approach for describing long-term changes in total ozone by using frequency distributions and analyzing the extreme values. We applied this methodology to the database of column ozone provided by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer aboard Nimbus 7. We examined a geographic region measuring 7.0 degrees in latitude by 6.25 degrees in longitude in the midwestern United States from 1979 to 1991. On any given spring day, individual ozone measurements in this region show a large variability, where the differences between the local noon maximum and minimum total ozone values sometimes exceed 100 Dobson units. Daily variability in total column ozone was shown to be greater in the spring than in the fall. Based on frequency distribution results, the most probable values for the spring season decreased from 1979-1982 to 1989-1991. During spring the frequency of extremely low ozone values decreased from the six-year period 1980-1985 to the 1986-1991 time period, while the opposite situation prevailed during fall. Preliminary results indicate that this approach can illuminate the detailed behavior of TOZ within each season in a particular region. RP Reck, RA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 14 BP 2627 EP & DI 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00316-9 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UK363 UT WOS:A1996UK36300017 ER PT J AU Gingrich, JC Boehrer, DM Basu, SB AF Gingrich, JC Boehrer, DM Basu, SB TI Partial CviJI digestion as an alternative approach to generate cosmid sublibraries for large-scale sequencing projects SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID DNA; CLONING; FRAGMENTS; ENDONUCLEASE AB We demonstrate an alternative method for the generation of random subclones for large-scale shotgun human DNA sequencing projects. Miniprep DNA from a human cosmid clone was partially digested with CviJI, size-fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and cloned into bacteriophage M13. A library consisting of 10(5) subclones of 1.1 kb average size was recovered from one gel fraction containing approximately 300 ng of partially digested DNA. DNA sequences from an initial 103 subclones demonstrate that 100 of the subclones cover 90% of the cosmid, which is close to the 92% expected if the sublcones were generated at random. DNA sequences from three of the subclones did not match the cosmid sequences, establishing that miniprep DNA can be used for library construction with little concern for contamination with genomic E. coli DNA. The use of CviJI to generate random DNA fragments thus offers a simple alternative to other commonly used fragmentation methods, such as shearing or sonication, for the generation of random sublibraries for large-scale human shotgun DNA sequencing projects. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1 BP 99 EP 104 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UV793 UT WOS:A1996UV79300020 PM 8816243 ER PT J AU Schwartz, JL Mustafi, R Beckett, MA Weichselbaum, RR AF Schwartz, JL Mustafi, R Beckett, MA Weichselbaum, RR TI DNA double-strand break rejoining rates, inherent radiation sensitivity and human tumour response to radiotherapy SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE predictive assay; DNA double-strand break repair; squamous cell carcinoma; sarcoma ID CARCINOMA CELL-LINES; INTRINSIC RADIOSENSITIVITY; RADIORESPONSIVENESS; PREDICTION; INDUCTION; CERVIX; HEAD AB The relationship between DNA double-strand break rejoining rates, inherent radiation sensitivity and tumour response to radiation therapy was determined for a group of 25 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and eight sarcoma (SAR) tumours. DNA double-strand break frequencies were measured by neutral filter elution in first passage following explant tumour samples after in vitro exposure to 100 Gy of Co-60 gamma-rays. There was no significant difference between SCC and SAR tumour cells in their sensitivity to break induction, but in a 1 h time period SAR tumour cells rejoined significantly fewer breaks than SCC tumour cells, consistent with the greater sensitivity of SAR and suggesting that differences in rates of break rejoining account for the different distributions of radiosensitivities seen when different tumour types are compared. The percentage of breaks rejoined in 1 h in these tumour samples correlated well with D-0 and with the beta component of the survival curve, measured in vitro by clonogenic assay in tumour cell lines established from the tumour samples, but not with SF2 or the alpha component of the survival curve. The rates of DNA double-strand break rejoining therefore appear to influence the exponential portion of survival curves and probably the interactions between breaks. The percentage of breaks rejoined in 1 h was higher in SCC tumours that subsequently failed radiotherapy and, although the differences were not significant, they suggest that rates of break rejoining are an important component of tumour response to radiation therapy. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42596] NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD JUL PY 1996 VL 74 IS 1 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1038/bjc.1996.312 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA UU494 UT WOS:A1996UU49400006 PM 8679455 ER PT J AU Raith, W Hofmann, A Lynn, KG Weber, M AF Raith, W Hofmann, A Lynn, KG Weber, M TI The e(+)-H experiment of the Bielefeld-Brookhaven collaboration SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Positron Workshop CY JUL 18-21, 1995 CL UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA ID POSITRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; ELECTRON-IMPACT; SCATTERING; BEAM AB The Bielefeld-Brookhaven collaboration began in 1989 and was originally scheduled for a duration of three and then six years and has recently been extended for about one more year. It will end in 1996 for reasons of manpower and funding. The goal of this collaboration was to measure integral and differential e(+)-H cross sections by employing the high-intensity positron beam (HIP) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, anticipated to provide an electrostatically guided beam of 10(9) moderated positrons s(-1). This goal has not yet been reached. Over all these years, the HIP operation has been suffering from a variety of technical difficulties, despite the great efforts of all parties involved. Nevertheless, since the HIP situation is improving, we will continue this collaboration and try to reach the goal within the remaining time. Our experimental results obtained with low-current positron beams thus far are discussed together with related experimental and theoretical work of other groups. Particular attention is given to open questions. The present experimental setup at the Brookhaven National Laboratory is described in detail. The planned measurements are outlined in order of their priority. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Raith, W (reprint author), UNIV BIELEFELD,FAK PHYS,POSTFACH 100131,D-33501 BIELEFELD,GERMANY. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 74 IS 7-8 BP 361 EP 366 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ540 UT WOS:A1996VJ54000006 ER PT J AU Hulett, LD Xu, J McLuckey, SA Lewis, TA Schrader, DM AF Hulett, LD Xu, J McLuckey, SA Lewis, TA Schrader, DM TI The ionization of organic molecules by slow positrons SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Positron Workshop CY JUL 18-21, 1995 CL UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA ID LOW-ENERGY POSITRONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ANNIHILATION AB The ionization of organic molecules by positrons having energies above and below their positronium-formation thresholds is reviewed. The sensitivity of sub-positronium-ionization yields to chemical and structural properties of the molecules is discussed, and possible mechanisms for ionization and fragmentation are suggested. Plans are presented for future experiments to further elucidate mechanisms and to search for evidence of positronium compound formation. C1 MARQUETTE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201. RP Hulett, LD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 4500 S,MS 6142,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 74 IS 7-8 BP 411 EP 419 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ540 UT WOS:A1996VJ54000013 ER PT J AU Schrader, DM Hulett, LD Xu, J Laricchia, G Lewis, TA Horsky, TN AF Schrader, DM Hulett, LD Xu, J Laricchia, G Lewis, TA Horsky, TN TI The ORELA positron-scattering program: Progress in the first energy-analysis experiments SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Positron Workshop CY JUL 18-21, 1995 CL UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA HO UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CROSSED-BEAM MEASUREMENT; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; BINDING-ENERGIES; ANNIHILATION AB Implantation and fragmentation by positron impact have been extensively studied by the positron group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, but the group has never attempted an energy analysis of the ions produced. In this contribution, we report on the status of the first energy-analysis experiments planned with the ORELA (Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator) positron beam. These first experiments will be similar to the original ORELA ionization-fragmentation experiments in that the target molecules will be in a stagnant gas, and the positrons will be confined in a Penning trap. We plan (i) to measure binding energies of several positronium compounds, (ii) to measure the energies of fragment ions produced by positrons with energies below fragmentation thresholds, and (iii) to detect secondary electrons from processes following the formation of ions, and to measure their energies. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37208. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LONDON WC1E 6BT,ENGLAND. EATON CORP,DIV SEMICOND EQUIPMENT,BEVERLY,MA 01915. RP Schrader, DM (reprint author), MARQUETTE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,POB 1881,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 74 IS 7-8 BP 497 EP 500 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ540 UT WOS:A1996VJ54000024 ER PT J AU Silberstein, GB VanHorn, K Shyamala, G Daniel, CW AF Silberstein, GB VanHorn, K Shyamala, G Daniel, CW TI Progesterone receptors in the mouse mammary duct: Distribution and developmental regulation SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; BASAL LAMINA; MORPHOGENESIS AB During pregnancy, in response to rising levels of estrogen and progesterone, mammary epithelial cells proliferate and differentiate, giving rise to lobulo-alveolar structures from which milk is secreted during lactation. Progesterone, in conjunction with estrogen, also promotes mammary epithelial growth during puberty, but unlike development during pregnancy, this results in ductal rather than secretory structures. Recent studies using mice lacking progesterone receptors indicate that these receptors are essential for secretory development. This suggests that during different phases of normal mammary growth and differentiation, progesterone receptors may mediate their effects through different mechanisms, depending on the physiological state of the animal. Therefore, as a prerequisite for understanding the role of progesterone in normal mammary development, we have investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of progesterone receptor-containing cells. In the mammary epithelium of prepubertal mice, high levels of progesterone receptor mRNA and protein are present in the actively growing end buds and ductal branches as well as in the mature duct. Receptor protein was found in some but not in all epithelial cells, and these cells were characterized by large, round, or oval nuclei containing diffuse chromatin. Cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining were observed; interestingly, this staining occurred in separate cells that were in close proximity to each other. The relative proportion of cytoplasmic versus nuclear staining cells changed during pregnancy such that in this developmental state, the nuclear staining cells predominated, The potential significance of these observations as they pertain to normal mammary epithelial growth and differentiation are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Silberstein, GB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SINSHEIMER LABS,DEPT BIOL,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 66541]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48883] NR 21 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 7 BP 945 EP 952 PG 8 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA UV513 UT WOS:A1996UV51300011 PM 8809412 ER PT J AU Elliott, DC Sealock, LJ AF Elliott, DC Sealock, LJ TI Chemical processing in high-pressure aqueous environments: Low-temperature catalytic gasification SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Intensive Processing CY SEP 18-20, 1995 CL NOTTINGHAM UNIV, NOTTINGHAM, ENGLAND SP BP Chem, Elsevier Sci, ETSU, Haake UK, IChemE, ICI, Nottingham Univ, Rosand Precis, Tetra Pak, Undatim Ultrason, Unilever HO NOTTINGHAM UNIV DE catalysis; gasification; waste organics; aqueous processing; methanation; bench-scale tests; high pressure; low temperature; liquid phase ID ORGANICS DESTRUCTION AB A gasification system is under development that can be used with most types of wet organic wastes. The system operates at 350 degrees C and 21 MPa using a liquid water phase as the processing medium. Since a pressurized system is used, the wet waste can be fed as a solution or slurry to the reactor without drying. Through the development of catalysts, a useful processing system has been produced. The system has utility both for direct conversion of high-moisture biomass to fuel gas or as a wastewater cleanup system for wet organic wastes including unconverted biomass from bioconversion processes. By the use of this system >99% conversions of organic waste to medium-heating value fuel gas can be achieved. RP Elliott, DC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 16 PU INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI RUGBY PA 165-171 RAILWAY TERRACE GEORGE E DAVIS BLDG, RUGBY, ENGLAND CV21 3HQ SN 0263-8762 J9 CHEM ENG RES DES JI Chem. Eng. Res. Des. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 74 IS A5 BP 563 EP 566 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA VE908 UT WOS:A1996VE90800008 ER PT J AU Sokolovski, D Connor, JNL Schatz, GC AF Sokolovski, D Connor, JNL Schatz, GC TI Centrifugal-sudden hyperspherical study of Cl+HCl->ClH+Cl reaction dynamics on 'tight-bend' and 'loose-bend' potential energy surfaces SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-STATE; DISTORTED-WAVE; PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTRA; OSCILLATING REACTIVITY; CROSS-SECTIONS; BIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; + CL; SCATTERING; QUANTUM; CL+HCL AB A centrifugal-sudden hyperspherical (CSH) quantum calculation has been carried out for the three-dimensional reaction Cl + HCl --> ClH + Cl, using the extended London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato (LEPS) potential energy surface no. 3 of Persky and Komweitz (PK3), which is an example of a 'tight-bend' surface, Quantities calculated include: state-to-state and cumulative reaction probabilities, and differential and integral cross sections. Comparison is made with CSH results from the 'loose-bend' LEPS surface of Bondi-Connor-Manz-Romelt (BCMR). Three simple models are used to understand qualitatively trends in the computed results from the PK3 and BCMR surfaces: (1) a classical hard-sphere model, which describes collisions of the reactants, (2) a J shift approximation for the reaction probabilities, where J is the total angular momentum quantum number, (3) a semi-classical optical model for the reactive differential cross sections. In addition, the angular distributions are analysed by an (asymptotic) nearside-farside (NF) theory in order to extract their physical content. The NF analysis shows that high frequency oscillations in the forward-angle scattering are an interference effect caused by a resonance. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT CHEM,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,SCH MATH & PHYS,DEPT APPL MATH & THEORET PHYS,BELFAST BT7 1NN,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,THEORET CHEM GRP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 59 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 207 IS 2-3 BP 461 EP 476 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(96)00023-7 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UV565 UT WOS:A1996UV56500019 ER PT J AU Chen, L Devanesan, PD Higginbotham, S Ariese, F Jankowiak, R Small, GJ Rogan, EG Cavalieri, EL AF Chen, L Devanesan, PD Higginbotham, S Ariese, F Jankowiak, R Small, GJ Rogan, EG Cavalieri, EL TI Expanded analysis of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts formed in vitro and in mouse skin: Their significance in tumor initiation SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; CARCINOGENESIS; QUANTITATION; OXIDATION; INVITRO AB This paper reports expanded analyses of benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-DNA adducts formed in vitro by activation with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rat liver microsomes and in vivo in mouse skin. The adducts formed by BP are compared to those formed by BP-7,8-dihydrodiol and anti-BP diol epoxide (BPDE). First, activation of BP by HRP produced 61% depurinating adducts: 7-(benzo[a]pyrene-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua), BP-6-C8Gua, BP-6-N7Ade, and the newly identified BP-6-N3Ade. As a standard, the last adduct was synthesized along with BP-6-N1Ade by electrochemical oxidation of BP in the presence of adenine. Second, identification and quantitation of BP-DNA adducts formed by microsomal activation of BP showed 68% depurinating adducts: BP-6-N7Ade, BP-6-N7Gua, BP-6-C8Gua, BPDE-10-N7Ade, and the newly detected BPDE-10-N7Gua. The stable adducts were mostly BPDE-10-N(2)dG (26%), with 6% unidentified. BPDE-10-N7Ade and BPDE-10-N7Gua were the depurinating adducts identified after microsomal activation of BP-7,8-dihydrodiol or direct reaction of anti-BPDE with DNA. In both cases, the predominant adduct was BPDE-10-N(2)dG (90% and 96%, respectively). Third, when mouse skin was treated with BP for 4 h, 71% of the total adducts were the depurinating adducts BP-6-N7Gua, BP-6-C8Gua, BP-6-N7Ade, and small amounts of BPDE-10-N7Ade and BPDE-10-N7Gua. These newly detected depurinating diol epoxide adducts were found in larger amounts when mouse skin was treated with BP-7,8-dihydrodiol or anti-BPDE. The stable adduct BPDE-10-N(2)dG was predominant, especially with anti-BPDE. Comparison of the profiles of DNA adducts formed by BP, BP-7,8-dihydrodiol and anti-BPDE with their carcinogenic potency indicates that tumor initiation correlates with the levels of depurinating adducts, but not with stable adducts. Furthermore, the levels of depurinating adducts of BP correlate with mutations in the Harvey-ras oncogene in DNA isolated from mouse skin papillomas initiated by this compound [Chakravarti et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 10422-10426]. The depurinating adducts formed by BP in mouse skin appear to be the key adducts leading to tumor initiation. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,MED CTR,EPPLEY INST RES CANC,OMAHA,NE 68198. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA49210, CA 36727] NR 29 TC 107 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 897 EP 903 DI 10.1021/tx960004a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA UY227 UT WOS:A1996UY22700014 PM 8828927 ER PT J AU Taylor, DJ Cronin, JP Allard, LF Birnie, DP AF Taylor, DJ Cronin, JP Allard, LF Birnie, DP TI Microstructure of laser-fired, sol-gel-derived tungsten oxide films SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIALS; COATINGS; WINDOW; WO3 AB Half-micron-thick tungsten oxide films were deposited by the sol-gel method onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated soda lime silicate substrates. Following a 100 degrees C prebake, the samples were fired with a carbon dioxide laser at a variety of power densities and translation speeds. The laser-fired tungsten oxide films were characterized by spectrophotometry, electrochemistry, multiangle ellipsometry, and transmission electron microscopy and compared to-similar furnace-fired films. The data showed an increase in electrochromic response with increased firing temperature up to the point where crystallization of the tungsten oxide retarded electrochromic response. A window with graded electrochromic properties was made by laser firing. C1 DONNELLY CORP,CTR ADV TECHNOL,TUCSON,AZ 85712. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Taylor, DJ (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. OI Birnie, Dunbar/0000-0001-6044-2300 NR 35 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1396 EP 1401 DI 10.1021/cm950570b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VA057 UT WOS:A1996VA05700013 ER PT J AU Breneman, JW Yau, PM Swiger, RR Teplitz, R Smith, HA Tucker, JD Bradbury, EM AF Breneman, JW Yau, PM Swiger, RR Teplitz, R Smith, HA Tucker, JD Bradbury, EM TI Activity banding of human chromosomes as shown by histone acetylation SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-BUTYRATE; HUMAN GENOME; GENE; NUCLEOSOME; EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION; INDUCTION; CHROMATIN; HYPERACETYLATION; PROMOTER AB The expression of genes in mammalian cells depends on many factors including position in the cell cycle, stage of differentiation, age, and environmental influences. As different groups of genes are expressed, their packaging within chromatin changes and may be detected at the chromsomal level. The organization of DNA within a chromosome is determined to a large extent by the positively charged, highly conserved histones, Histone subtypes and the reversible chemical modifications of histones have been associated with gene activity. Active or potentially active genes have been associated with hyperacetylated histones and inactive genes with nonacetylated histones. Sodium butyrate increases the acetylation levels of histones in cell cultures and acts as both an inducer of gene activity and as a cell-cycle block. We describe a method to label the interphase distribution of DNA associated with various histone acetylation stages on chromosomes. Nucleosomes from untreated and butyrate-treated HeLa cells were fractionated by their acetylation level and the associated DNA labeled, and hybridized to normal human chromosomes. In the sodium butyrate-treated cells the resulting banding patterns of the high- and low-acetylated fractions were strikingly different. DNA from low-acetylated chromatin labeled several pericentric regions, whereas hybridization with DNA from highly acetylated chromatin resulted in a pattern similar to inverse G-bands on many chromosomes. The results from noninduced cells at both high and low acetylation levels were noticeably different from their induced counterparts. The capture and hybridization of DNA from interphase chromatin at different acetylation states provides a ''snapshot'' of the distribution of gene activity on chromosomes at the time of cell harvest. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Breneman, JW (reprint author), BIO RAD LABS INC,LIFE SCI GRP,2000 ALFRED NOBEL DR,HERCULES,CA 94547, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD JUL PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1007/BF02510037 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA UY858 UT WOS:A1996UY85800005 PM 8662257 ER PT J AU Marland, G AF Marland, G TI Could we should we engineer the earth's climate? SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; GREENHOUSE GASES; NUCLEAR WINTER RP Marland, G (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1007/BF00142575 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VB197 UT WOS:A1996VB19700001 ER PT J AU Swift, PN AF Swift, PN TI Climatic change and deep geologic disposal of radioactive waste - Editorial essay SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT RP Swift, PN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,WASTE ISOLAT PILOT PLANT COMPLIANCE DEPT,MAIL STOP 1341,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 337 EP 341 DI 10.1007/BF00142581 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VB197 UT WOS:A1996VB19700007 ER PT J AU Alkam, MK Pai, VM Butler, PB Pitz, WJ AF Alkam, MK Pai, VM Butler, PB Pitz, WJ TI Methanol and hydrogen oxidation kinetics in water at supercritical states SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; DATA-BASE; MECHANISMS AB The oxidation kinetics of methanol and hydrogen in a supercritical water medium were investigated. Numerical analyses were performed using an isobaric, plug-flow reactor model coupled with the Chemkin Real-Gas software package to handle real-gas thermodynamic effects and elementary kinetics. In the present work, select unimolecular reactions that involve thermal decomposition have been corrected for the high-pressure conditions found in supercritical reactors. Predictions of fuel destruction rates obtained using an elementary reaction mechanism for hydrogen oxidation under isobaric, isothermal supercritical conditions (P > 22.1 MPa, and T > 374 C) were verified by comparison with previous experimental results obtained in a laboratory-scale supercritical water reactor. The H-2-O-2 model is a subset of a proposed elementary reaction mechanism for methanol oxidation which was also verified by comparing the present model predictions of the kinetic rate calculations with previous measurements. The mechanism was validated over a temperature range of 726 to 873 K, a fuel concentration range of 0.001 to 0.004 mole/L, and at a pressure of 246 bar. To facilitate future computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling efforts in SCWO, a two-step reduced reaction mechanism was constructed to simulate the oxidation process of methanol in supercritical water and H2O. The reduced model reflects the sequential oxidation of methanol into carbon monoxide, and eventually into final products consisting primarily of carbon dioxide and H2O. The calculations of the two-step reduced mechanism matched the elementary reaction model well with respect to major species concentration profiles. C1 UNIV IOWA,DEPT MECH ENGN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 26 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 1996 VL 106 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 130 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00247-2 PG 21 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UT276 UT WOS:A1996UT27600009 ER PT J AU Echekki, T Chen, JH AF Echekki, T Chen, JH TI Unsteady strain rate and curvature effects in turbulent premixed methane-air flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID LEWIS NUMBERS; SIMULATIONS AB Turbulent premixed stoichiometric methane-air flames modeled with reduced kinetics have been studied using the direct numerical simulation (DNS) approach. The simulations include a four-step reduced mechanism for the oxidation of methane and the molecular transport is modeled with Lewis numbers for individual species. The effects of strain rate and curvature on the intermediate radical concentrations and heat release rate are evaluated. The topology of the flame surface is interpreted in terms of its propagation and statistics. The correlation of radical species with strain rate and curvature is found to be strongly dependent upon their individual mass diffusion rates; hence, a global Lewis number representation of all of the species may be inadequate in predicting the heat release rate and evolution of the flame surface. It is found that highly diffusive and fast reactive species, H and H-2, are well correlated with curvature, while less diffusive species, CO, with a slow oxidation rate is more susceptible to unsteady strain rate effects. The global response of the flame is presented in terms of volumetric heat release and fuel consumption rates. The contributions of flame surface wrinkling and flame structure are identified. RP Echekki, T (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,MS 9051,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Echekki, Tarek/C-7394-2009; OI Echekki, Tarek/0000-0002-0146-7994 NR 31 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 25 U2 204 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 1996 VL 106 IS 1-2 BP 184 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(96)00011-9 PG 23 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UT276 UT WOS:A1996UT27600014 ER PT J AU Dongarra, JJ Otto, SW Snir, M Walker, D AF Dongarra, JJ Otto, SW Snir, M Walker, D TI A message passing standard for MPP and workstations SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OREGON GRAD INST,DEPT COMP ENGN & SCI,BEAVERTON,OR 97006. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT COMP SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Dongarra, JJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT COMP SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Snir, Marc/B-1050-2009; Walker, David/B-7978-2010; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Snir, Marc/0000-0002-3504-2468; Walker, David/0000-0002-1360-6330 NR 11 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 84 EP 90 DI 10.1145/233977.234000 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA UT660 UT WOS:A1996UT66000019 ER PT J AU Parker, GA Zhu, W Huang, YH Hoffman, DK Kouri, DJ AF Parker, GA Zhu, W Huang, YH Hoffman, DK Kouri, DJ TI Matrix pseudo-spectroscopy: Iterative calculation of matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors of large matrices using a polynomial expansion of the Dirac delta function SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE SCATTERING; EIGENFUNCTIONS; ALGORITHM AB The method of diagonalizing Hermitian matrices based on a polynomial expansion of the Dirac delta function delta(E - H) is further refined so as to accelerate the convergence. Improved choices of the bases used for subspace diagonalization of the matrix, along with accuracy controls and estimates, are introduced. It is shown that the improved method can accurately deliver eigenvalues and eigenvectors in any region of the spectrum, including cases where the spacings are very small for ''interior'' eigenvalues. In addition, accurate values can be obtained for as many states as are desired. The method is illustrated for a model problem introduced recently in a study of another type approach. C1 UNIV HOUSTON, DEPT PHYS, HOUSTON, TX 77204 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP Parker, GA (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON, DEPT CHEM, HOUSTON, TX 77204 USA. RI Parker, Gregory/A-4327-2009 OI Parker, Gregory/0000-0002-0225-8887 NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 96 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00144-1 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA UW616 UT WOS:A1996UW61600004 ER PT J AU Shimshoni, I Kimmel, R Bruckstein, AM AF Shimshoni, I Kimmel, R Bruckstein, AM TI Global shape from shading SO COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING LA English DT Article AB A global shape from shading algorithm which develops a technique to merge local shape from shading results obtained around singular points into the complete shape using the mountaineers theorem was recently presented in Kimmel and Bruckstein (1995). In this comment, we enhance this result by proving the completeness and uniqueness obtained by the global shape from shading algorithm. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Shimshoni, I (reprint author), TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1077-3142 J9 COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND JI Comput. Vis. Image Underst. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 64 IS 1 BP 188 EP 189 DI 10.1006/cviu.1996.0053 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UX968 UT WOS:A1996UX96800011 ER PT J AU Koomey, JG Sanstad, AH Shown, LJ AF Koomey, JG Sanstad, AH Shown, LJ TI Energy-efficient lighting: Market data, market imperfections, and policy success SO CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 70th Annual Conference of the Western-Economic-Association-International CY JUL 05-09, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP W Econ Assoc Int AB Many economists question engineering-economic studies aimed at demonstrating anomalously slow diffusion energy-efficient technology and the benefits of regulations to promote such technology. One argument against such studies is that standard techniques of engineering economics are either inappropriate or are routinely misapplied in assessing the performance of the market for energy efficiency. This paper takes account of such critiques in presenting engineering-economic evidence an the diffusion of energy efficiency improvements. It examines the engineering and economic characteristics of standard and energy-efficient magnetic ballasts for fluorescent lighting. Efficient magnetic ballasts represent an excellent investment for 99 percent of the commercial building floor stock and a moderately good investment for 0.7 percent of the commercial floor stock. Still, in the 1980s these ballasts were being adopted only at a rate commensurate with the enactment of appliance efficiency standards in various states. In this case, solid empirical evidence supports skepticism about the effectiveness of the market mechanism in promoting cost-effective energy efficiency improvements and about the benefits of regulation to counteract this shortcoming. RP Koomey, JG (reprint author), ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BLDG 90-4000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU WESTERN ECONOMIC ASSOC INT PI HUNTINGTON BEACH PA 7400 CENTER AVE SUITE 109, HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92647-3039 SN 0735-0007 J9 CONTEMP ECON POLICY JI Contemp. Econ. Policy PD JUL PY 1996 VL 14 IS 3 BP 98 EP 111 PG 14 WC Economics; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA UW376 UT WOS:A1996UW37600010 ER PT J AU Verity, PG Paffenhofer, GA Wallace, D Sherr, E Sherr, B AF Verity, PG Paffenhofer, GA Wallace, D Sherr, E Sherr, B TI Composition and biomass of plankton in spring on the Cape Hatteras shelf, with implications for carbon flux SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; CELL-VOLUME; SEEP-I; MARINE; GROWTH; PHYTOPLANKTON; BACTERIA; NITROGEN; RATES AB The Ocean Margins Program, an interdisciplinary study focussed at Cape Hatteras, is evaluating whether this region is a net source or sink for carbon, while concurrently developing a mechanistic understanding of the production, cycling and fate of organic carbon. Preliminary to a large multi-ship field program in 1996-1997, the first of several short cruises surveyed Cape Hatteras in May 1993. High concentrations of chi a occurred across the shelf. Stations and depths at which chi a was highest also showed elevated concentrations of large phytoplankton, predominantly chained diatoms, but also single-celled dinoflagellates and obligately photosynthetic ciliates. These populations occurred in deeper waters, however, and their abundance was poorly correlated with proxies of community photosynthesis. Instead, small phototrophic nanoplankton, abundant in surface waters, were positively correlated with primary production. Carbon budgets indicated that inner shelf waters contained ca 50% more living POC than outer shelf waters. The relative importance of large phytoplankton and grazers decreased with distance offshore, and they were replaced by photosynthetic nanoplankton and microzooplankton. Even greater changes in living POC occurred in the alongshore direction due to the dramatic reductions in diatoms in southern waters. Estimated herbivory was ca 2-4 gC m(-2) d(-1). The ratio of heterotrophic: autotrophic POC increased from 38% in northern waters to 137% in southern waters, suggesting that phytoplankton was being converted into consumer carbon as shelf waters advected south. The dominant consumers at most stations were single-celled protozoan zooplankton and small copepods, whose fecal products remain in suspension in energetic shelf environments, suggesting that much of the non-diatomaceous POC was exported as shelf waters exited at Cape Hatteras. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. OREGON STATE UNIV,COLL OCEANOG,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP Verity, PG (reprint author), SKIDAWAY INST OCEANOG,10 OCEAN SCI CIRCLE,SAVANNAH,GA, USA. NR 59 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1087 EP 1116 DI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00041-0 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UE432 UT WOS:A1996UE43200006 ER PT J AU Holcomb, GR AF Holcomb, GR TI Countercurrent gaseous diffusion model of oxidation through a porous coating SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE alumina; carbon; chemical vapor deposition; counter currents; diffusion; graphite; infiltration; modeling; oxidation; porosity ID HAFNIUM CARBIDE AB A countercurrent gaseous diffusion model was developed to describe oxidation through porous coatings and scales. The specific system modeled involved graphite oxidized through a porous alumina (Al2O3) overcoat between 570 degrees C (1,058 degrees F) and 975 degrees C (1,787 degrees F). The model separated the porous Al2O3 coating into two gas diffusion regions separated by aflame front, where oxygen (O-2) and carbon monoxide (CO) react to form carbon dioxide (CO2). In the outer region, O-2 and CO2 counterdiffused. In the inner region, CO2 and CO counterdiffused. Concentration gradients of each gaseous specie in the pores of the Al2O3 were determined, and the oxidation rate was calculated. The model was verified by oxidation experiments using graphite through various porous Al2O3 overcoats. The Al2O3 overcoats ranged in fractional porosity (phi) and in average pore radius (r) from 0.077 mu m (3.0 x 10(-6) in., Knudsen diffusion) to 10.0 mu m (3.9 x 10(-4) in., molecular diffusion). Predicted and measured oxidation rates were shown to have the same dependence upon phi, r, temperature (T), and oxygen partial pressure (P-O2). Use of the model was proposed for other oxidation systems and for chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). RP Holcomb, GR (reprint author), US DOE,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. RI Holcomb, Gordon/G-9070-2013 OI Holcomb, Gordon/0000-0003-3542-5319 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD JUL PY 1996 VL 52 IS 7 BP 531 EP 539 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UV861 UT WOS:A1996UV86100006 ER PT J AU Gunter, LE Tuskan, GA Wullschleger, SD AF Gunter, LE Tuskan, GA Wullschleger, SD TI Diversity among populations of switchgrass based on RAPD markers SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-VARIATION; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; RESISTANCE GENE; PCR MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION AB Information on the amount of genetic diversity in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of breeding programs and germplasm conservation efforts. This study characterized and assessed genetic diversity by means of RAPD markers among 14 populations representing upland and lowland switchgrass ecotypes. Forty-five of 128 primers produced polymorphic markers among sets of genomic DNA pooled from individual genotypes of each population. Five primers were selected to amplify a total of 91 polymorphic loci among genotypes. The RAPD markers were scored for presence or absence of bands to generate distance matrices for cluster analysis. Overall similarity was 65% among populations compared to 81% within populations. Blackwell and Caddo were the most similar populations (78%) based on RAPD markers, whereas Alamo and Forestburg were the most divergent (53%). Cluster analysis clearly segregated populations into two main groups (putatively based on ecotype) and united individual genotypes within a population into discrete groups within the larger clusters. Although the relationship between ploidy level and ecotype remained unclear, RAPD profiles can be used to identify switchgrass populations and may be useful in predicting relationships between experimental germplasm sources and released populations. RP Gunter, LE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Gunter, Lee/L-3480-2016 OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Gunter, Lee/0000-0003-1211-7532 NR 50 TC 89 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1017 EP 1022 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UV549 UT WOS:A1996UV54900034 ER PT J AU Measures, CI Ku, TL Luo, S Southon, JR Xu, X Kusakabe, M AF Measures, CI Ku, TL Luo, S Southon, JR Xu, X Kusakabe, M TI The distribution of Be-10 and Be-9 in the South Atlantic SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; BERYLLIUM; TRANSPORT; ALUMINUM; NORTH; CIRCULATION; SEDIMENTS; ISOTOPES; WATERS AB Vertical and surface-water distributions of Be-10 and Be-9 in the South Atlantic Ocean were studied. The major input of Be-9 to the surface waters of the region is from the partial dissolution of eolian dusts, with the extent of the dissolution being about seven times that of aluminum from the dust particles. The gradients in surface-water Be-10 concentrations appear to reflect the magnitude of the local precipitation. The imprinting of the surface water signals onto the deep water masses appears rapid, particularly in regions of enhanced productivity. Bottom waters of Antarctic origin have characteristic isotope signatures that can be traced along their advective route into the Guinea Basin of the eastern Atlantic. Elevated Be-9 concentrations in the Angola Basin are indicative of diagenetic input in this region tof restricted circulation. The corresponding anomalous Be-10 in the bottom waters indicates historically lower surface-water Be-10/Be-9 ratios in the region, perhaps as a result of the further southward penetration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone at those times. The budgets of Be-10 and Be-9 in the South Atlantic were estimated. The results show that cross-equator transport of Be-10 and Be-9 from the North Atlantic is 0.3+/2-10(23) atoms/year and 5.7+/-10(6) mol/year, respectively, accounting for less than 5% of Be-10 and about 10% of Be-9 entering the North Atlantic. There is a net export across 50 degrees S to the Antarctic/Indian/Pacific Oceans of 0.9+10(23) atoms/year for Be-10 and 7.5+/-10(6) mol/year for Be-9. Using Be-10 as a tracer,we evaluate accumulation rates of lithogenic minerals to be 1.7+/-10(14) g/year in the North Atlantic and 4.8+/-10(13) g/year in the South Atlantic. While the North Atlantic rate agrees with the observed eolian dust input, the estimated lithogenic flux in the South Atlantic is about twice the eolian input, suggesting that the riverine input of Be-9 to the open ocean may become non-negligible in areas of low eolian dust flux. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT EARTH SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Measures, CI (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII MANOA,SCH OCEAN & EARTH SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT OCEANOG,1000 POPE RD,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0637 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7 BP 987 EP 1009 DI 10.1016/0967-0637(96)00049-0 PG 23 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VV033 UT WOS:A1996VV03300003 ER PT J AU Erdemir, A Bindal, C Fenske, GR Zuiker, C Krauss, AR Gruen, DM AF Erdemir, A Bindal, C Fenske, GR Zuiker, C Krauss, AR Gruen, DM TI Friction and wear properties of smooth diamond films grown in fullerene plus argon plasmas SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like and Related Materials (Diamond Films 95) CY SEP 10-15, 1995 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN DE smooth diamond films; nanocrystalline microstructure; Ar + C-60 plasma; ultralow friction and wear ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; CARBON-FILMS; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; CVD DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; BEHAVIOR; SURFACE; ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN AB In this study, we describe the nanocrystalline structure and ultralow friction and wear properties of smooth (20-50 nm root mean square (RMS)) diamond films grown in a microwave plasma consisting of Ar and fullerene (the carbon source). The sliding friction coefficients of these films against Si3N4 balls are 0.04 and 0.12 in dry N-2 and air respectively, comparable to that of natural diamond sliding against the same pin material, but are lower by factors of 5-10 than that afforded by rough diamond films grown in conventional H-2 + CH4 plasmas. Furthermore, the smooth diamond films produced in this work afforded wear rates to SiC pins and Si3N4 balls that were one to two orders of magnitude lower than those of H-2 + CH4-grown films. Mechanistically, the ultralow friction and wear properties of the fullerene-derived diamond films correlate well with their initially smooth surface finish and their ability to become polished even further during sliding. The wear tracks reach an ultrasmooth (3-6 nm RMS) surface finish that results in very little abrasion and ploughing. Depending on the test environment, micrographitization may also occur during sliding and dominate the frictional behavior of these diamond films. The nanocrystalline microstructure and exceptionally pure sp(3) bonding in these smooth diamond films were verified by numerous surface and structure analytical methods, including X-ray diffraction, high-resolution AES, EELS, NEXAFS, SEM and TEM. An AFM instrument was used to characterize the topography of the films and rubbing surfaces. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 39 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 9 BP 923 EP 931 DI 10.1016/0925-9635(95)00395-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VA325 UT WOS:A1996VA32500008 ER PT J AU Edgington, DN Robbins, JA Colman, SM Orlandini, KA Gustin, MP AF Edgington, DN Robbins, JA Colman, SM Orlandini, KA Gustin, MP TI Uranium-series disequilibrium, sedimentation, diatom frustules, and paleoclimate change in Lake Baikal SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Lake Baikal; paleoclimatology; diatoms; frustules; U-234/Th-230; fluviolacustrine sedimentation ID BIOGENIC SILICA; CORES AB The large volume of water, approximately one-fifth of the total surface fresh water on the planet, contained in Lake Baikal in southeastern Siberia is distinguished by having a relatively high concentration of uranium (ca. 2 nM), and, together with the surface sediments, an unusually high U-234/U-238 alpha activity ratio of 1.95. About 80% of the input of 234 uranium to the lake, with a U-234/U-238 ratio of 2.0, comes from the Selenga River, Profiles of uranium, as well as the extent of isotopic disequilibrium in a 9 m sediment core collected on Academic Ridge, generally show high values during interglacial periods corresponding to high diatom frustule numbers (DiFr) and biogenic silica (BSi) data that have been reported elsewhere. During glacial periods (low DiFr and BSi), uranium progeny (U-234 and Th-230) were in secular equilibrium with low concentrations of their parent U-238. Radionuclide distributions were interpreted in terms of a quantitative model allowing for adsorption of riverine inputs of uranium onto two classes of sedimenting particles with differing U-238/Th-232 ratios and uranium progeny in secular equilibrium. If the U-234/U-238 activity ratio of adsorbed uranium has remained constant, mean sedimentation rates can be independently estimated as 3.6 +/- 0.6 and 3.7 +/- 0.9 cm . kyr(-1) for the decay of U-234 and in-growth of Th-230, respectively. These rates are consistent with a mean rate of 3.76 cm . kyr(-1), calculated by optimization of the correspondence between adsorbed U-238 and delta(18)O in dated oceanic sediments, The adsorbed uranium apparently tracks variable river flow during interglacials and is drastically reduced during periods of glaciation. Evidently, uranium has not been significantly redistributed within Baikal sediments over at least the past 250 kyr and is a unique, biologically non-essential, tracer for climate-sensitive processes, which provide their own internal geochronometers, potentially useful for ages up to 1 Myr BP. C1 NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. US GEOL SURVEY,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Edgington, DN (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR GREAT LAKES STUDIES,MILWAUKEE,WI 53204, USA. NR 29 TC 62 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00085-4 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UZ230 UT WOS:A1996UZ23000004 ER PT J AU Pasik, MF Aguirre, G Cangellaris, AC AF Pasik, MF Aguirre, G Cangellaris, AC TI Application of the PML absorbing boundary condition to the analysis of patch antennas SO ELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN METHOD; MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS; EQUATIONS AB The Berenger Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition is applied to a Finite-Difference Time-Domain analysis of rectangular patch antennas. Both microstrip line and probe-fed patch antennas are analyzed. The effects of the proximity of the PML regions on the resonant characteristics of the antennas and the mutual coupling between antennas are examined. The computational overhead associated with the use of the PML is also considered. Numerical results are validated by comparisons with measured data. RP Pasik, MF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMPUTAT ELECTROMAGNET & PLASMA PHYS DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0272-6343 J9 ELECTROMAGNETICS JI Electromagnetics PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 435 EP 449 DI 10.1080/02726349608908489 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UY258 UT WOS:A1996UY25800008 ER PT J AU Goytisolo, FA Gerchman, SE Yu, X Rees, C Graziano, V Ramakrishnan, V Thomas, JO AF Goytisolo, FA Gerchman, SE Yu, X Rees, C Graziano, V Ramakrishnan, V Thomas, JO TI Identification of two DNA-binding sites on the globular domain of histone H5 SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chromatin; DNA binding; globular domain; histone H5; mutagenesis ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; COOPERATIVE BINDING; NUCLEOSOME BINDING; LINKER HISTONES; TERMINAL TAIL; CHROMATIN; H-1; STABILITY; INTERACTS AB The nature of the complexes of histones H1 and H5 and their globular domains (GH1 and GH5) with DNA suggested two DNA-binding sites which are likely to be the basis of the preference of H1 and H5 for the nucleosome, compared with free DNA. More recently the X-ray and NMR structures of GH5 and GH1, respectively, have identified two basic clusters on opposite sides of the domains as candidates for these sites. Removal of the positive charge at either location by mutagenesis impairs or abolishes the ability of GH5 to assemble cooperatively in 'tramline' complexes containing two DNA duplexes, suggesting impairment or loss of its ability to bind two DNA duplexes. The mutant forms of GH5 also fail to protect the additional 20 bp of nucleosomal DNA that are characteristically protected by H1, H5 and wild-type recombinant GH5. They still bind to H1/H5-depleted chromatin, but evidently inappropriately. These results confirm the existence of, and identify the major components of, two DNA-binding sites on the globular domain of histone H5, and they strongly suggest that both binding sites are required to position the globular domain correctly on the nucleosome. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,CAMBRIDGE CTR MOLEC RECOGNIT,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1QW,ENGLAND. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT BIOCHEM,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1QW,ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. OI Ramakrishnan, V/0000-0002-4699-2194 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM42796]; Wellcome Trust NR 50 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0261-4189 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 13 BP 3421 EP 3429 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA UW668 UT WOS:A1996UW66800024 PM 8670844 ER PT J AU Golove, WH Schipper, LJ AF Golove, WH Schipper, LJ TI Long-term trends in US manufacturing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions SO ENERGY LA English DT Article AB This paper describes our most recent analysis of U.S. manufacturing energy consumption and extends our previous efforts in two important ways. We have acquired new data that enable us to extend our previous period of study and thus examine three distinct time periods, two with stable energy prices (1958-1973 and 1985-1991) and one in which energy prices rose significantly (1973-1985). We have also adapted our method to examine the historical trends of carbon emissions associated with manufacturing. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Golove, WH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,MS 90-4000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 21 IS 7-8 BP 683 EP 692 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(96)00010-2 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA UN729 UT WOS:A1996UN72900004 ER PT J AU Mills, E Rosenfeld, A AF Mills, E Rosenfeld, A TI Consumer non-energy benefits as a motivation for making energy-efficiency improvements SO ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Few benefits (e.g., employment) are provided by electric power plants, coal mines, oil pipelines, or other energy-supply systems aside from the energy they produce. Technologies to improve energy end-use efficiency, however, frequently offer non-energy benefits beyond those provided by supply-side options. One class of such benefits accrues at the national level (improved competitiveness, energy security, net job creation, environmental protection) while another relates to consumers and their decision making processes. From a consumer perspective, it is often the non-energy benefits that motivate or can be used to promote decisions to adopt energy-efficient technologies. Specific technical examples are provided for highly efficient windows, energy-efficient lighting, space conditioning, ventilation and indoor air quality. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP Mills, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR BLDG SCI,MS 90-3058,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 21 IS 7-8 BP 707 EP 720 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(96)00005-9 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA UN729 UT WOS:A1996UN72900007 ER PT J AU Obeng, M Stock, LM AF Obeng, M Stock, LM TI Distribution of pendant alkyl groups in the argonne premium coals SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID TETROXIDE CATALYZED OXIDATION; ILLINOIS NO-6 COAL; RUTHENIUM TETROXIDE; CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION; BITUMINOUS COAL; FLASH PYROLYSIS; FUNCTIONALITIES; SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; BENZENE AB The ruthenium(VIII) oxidation reaction has been employed to determine the distribution of alkyl groups that are bonded to aromatic structural elements in lignin and the Argonne Premium Coals. The lignin, as expected, has few aromatic methyl groups, 0.02 per 100 carbon atoms. The results for the coals, Beulah-Zap 0.86, Wyodak 1.16, Illinois No. 6 1.76, Blind Canyon 2.45, Pittsburgh No. 8 2.05, Lewiston-Stockton 2.39, Upper Freeport 2.09, and Pocahontas No. 3 7.28 methyl groups per 100 carbon atoms, exhibit a steeply stepped discontinuous rank dependence. The abundances of the other small alkyl groups, which are least prevalent in the lignin and the low-rank coals, range from about 0.2 ethyl and 0.05 propyl groups to about 0.01 butyl groups per 100 carbon atoms in the bituminous coals. The curious rank dependence for the methyl group abundances may be the consequence of major structural changes that accompany the transformation of a medium-volatile bituminous coal into a low-volatile bituminous coal. The chemical origins of the methane that is formed during the pyrolytic decomposition of these fossil materials are discussed. The analysis suggests that methane, the major portion of which is obtained at high temperature after ethane and the other simple hydrocarbons have formed and the paraffinic and hydroaromatic fragments have decomposed, is not produced predominantly from the structural elements that exist in the unreacted coal through conventional processes such as beta scission and ipso substitution. The methane that is formed at higher temperatures is accompanied by even greater molecular quantities of dihydrogen. The observations suggest that methane is produced by three reaction sequences involving oxidative condensation, hydrogen atom addition reactions that produce reactive hydroaromatic compounds, and carbene chemistry that provides a pathway to convert simple aromatic structures into methylated cyclopentane derivatives. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 988 EP 995 DI 10.1021/ef9600063 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UY205 UT WOS:A1996UY20500017 ER PT J AU Khan, MR Popiel, E Reynolds, JG AF Khan, MR Popiel, E Reynolds, JG TI Designing fuels for the environment: Reformulated gasoline SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Clean Air Act; fuel formulation; gasoline refining; reformulated gasoline AB The Clean Air Act of 1990 has impacted the gasoline markets of the United Stales. Additives and reformulated gasoline have already been implemented in some cases to comply with regulations and emission standards, and gasoline will continue to be reformulated The regulations for reformulated gasoline have been divided into Phases I and II, starting in 1995 and 2000, respectively, the second phase having more stringent requirements. phase I is divided into two compliance models-Simple and Complex. These models are designed to facilitate the determination of fuel formulation compliance without the expense of extensive testing of motor performance. The Simple Model can be used from 1995 to 1997, and the Complex Model from 1997 on. Diesel fuels are also impacted by the Clean Air Act. Other programs-such as CO oxygenate and California Phase 2-have been initiated in response to air quality issues. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. TEXACO USA INC,RES & DEV,NEW TECHNOL RES SECT,BEACON,NY. TEXACO USA INC,RES & DEV,ANALYT SECT,BEACON,NY. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 18 IS 5 BP 513 EP 523 DI 10.1080/00908319608908786 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VG304 UT WOS:A1996VG30400001 ER PT J AU Graham, RL Downing, M Walsh, ME AF Graham, RL Downing, M Walsh, ME TI A framework to assess regional environmental impacts of dedicated energy crop production SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE energy crops; biomass; environmental impacts; assessment; biomass model ID BIOMASS PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; SYSTEMS AB Numerous studies have evaluated air quality and greenhouse gas mitigation benefits of biomass energy systems, but the potential environmental impacts associated with large-scale changes in land-use patterns needed to produce energy crops have not been quantified. This paper presents a framework to assess the potential soil, water, and biodiversity impacts that may result from the large-scale production of dedicated energy crops. The framework incorporates producer economic decision models with environmental models to assess changes in land use patterns and to quantify the consequent environmental impacts. Economic and policy issues that will affect decisions to produce energy crops are discussed. The framework is used to evaluate erosion and chemical runoff in two Tennessee regions. The analysis shows that production of dedicated energy crops in place of conventional crops will significantly reduce erosion and chemical runoff. RP Graham, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,BIOFUELS FEEDSTOCK DEV PROGRAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.1007/BF01474650 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UR950 UT WOS:A1996UR95000004 ER PT J AU Lin, TF VanLoy, MD Nazaroff, WW AF Lin, TF VanLoy, MD Nazaroff, WW TI Gas-phase transport and sorption of benzene in soil SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HALOGENATED ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; SATURATED GROUNDWATER-FLOW; LONG-TERM SORPTION; HYDROPHOBIC CONTAMINANTS; NATURAL SEDIMENTS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; AQUIFER MATERIALS; UNSATURATED SOIL; MASS-TRANSFER; DIFFUSION AB To better understand the transport of gaseous organic compounds through soil near buildings and under high soil gas flow rates in remediation processes, we have studied benzene equilibrium partitioning and sorption kinetics on low organic content soil grains and transport through soil columns under dry and slightly moist conditions. Sorption capacities and rates of adsorption and desorption were measured using the differential adsorption bed technique. Dry soil sorption equilibrium is well described by the nonlinear Freundlich isotherm. As the relative humidity (RH) increases from zero to 33%, the isotherm gradually changes from nonlinear to linear and the soil sorption capacity decreases. For dry soil, adsorption occurs more rapidly than desorption; for moist soil, adsorption and desorption kinetics are significantly faster and symmetric. The relative rates of adsorption and desorption are related to the shape of the equilibrium isotherm; ata given RH, the isotherm was successfully inferred using an intragrain diffusion model and the results of a single kinetic experiment. This intragrain model was coupled to an advection-diffusion-sorption equation to predict transport through a soil column. Using the parameters extracted from kinetic experiments, column breakthrough curves were successfully simulated over a range of flow conditions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lin, Tsair-Fuh/C-4056-2008; Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008 OI Lin, Tsair-Fuh/0000-0002-2439-9090; Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357 NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 7 BP 2178 EP 2186 DI 10.1021/es9505762 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UU548 UT WOS:A1996UU54800035 ER PT J AU Goldstein, SJ Slemmons, AK Canavan, HE AF Goldstein, SJ Slemmons, AK Canavan, HE TI Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence methods for environmental characterization of soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETRY AB With recent requirements for rapid, field-based methods for environmental characterization, we have evaluated energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) techniques for elemental analyses of soils at Los Alamos using laboratory, transportable, and portable instruments. Fundamental parameters provide reasonably accurate standardization, and spectral interferences are generally absent. Detection limits are below screening action levels or background soil abundances for all elements of concern except As and Be. Results for certified materials indicate that accuracy is typically better than +/-10%, although some elements have few or no suitable reference materials to evaluate accuracy. Portable and fixed-base instruments typically give consistent results. However, large positive biases (2-78x) are generally found between EDXRF and standard EPA nitric acid digestion methods. This reflects the fact that EDXRF measures total amounts of the analyte, whereas EPA methods measure only the components labile in nitric acid and not the matrix. Consequently, EDXRF and EPA methods are not directly comparable for pristine soils, whereas contaminated soils should give more comparable results for the two techniques. Our data indicate that EDXRF can vastly exceed analytical requirements for field screening, and that this simple and fast technique can yield fully quantitative elemental analyses for soils in environmental studies. RP Goldstein, SJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,MS K484,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 7 BP 2318 EP 2321 DI 10.1021/es950744q PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UU548 UT WOS:A1996UU54800053 ER PT J AU Morris, DE Allen, PG Berg, JM ChisholmBrause, CJ Conradson, SD Donohoe, RJ Hess, NJ Musgrave, JA Tait, CD AF Morris, DE Allen, PG Berg, JM ChisholmBrause, CJ Conradson, SD Donohoe, RJ Hess, NJ Musgrave, JA Tait, CD TI Speciation of uranium in Fernald soils by molecular spectroscopic methods: Characterization of untreated soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE AB A combination of X-ray absorption, optical luminescence, and Raman vibrational spectroscopies along with ancillary techniques such as energy dispersive scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction have been used to determine the chemical form of uranium in contaminated soils from the United States Department of Energy's (DOE)former uranium production facility located at Fernald, OH (30 km MW of Cincinnati). The analyses described here have been carried out on soil samples prior to the application of various decontamination technologies under development within the DOE's Uranium in Soils Integrated Demonstration Project. X-ray absorption studies have shown that similar to 75-95% of the uranium in bulk samples from the site are in the hexavalent oxidation state. Because of the variety of source terms having several initial oxidation states, this consistency in oxidation state indicates that weathering has had an important role in determining the chemical form of the uranium in the soil. The application of complementary spectroscopic techniques has enabled us to identify specific chemical forms of much of this uranium, namely, autunite-like and schoepite-like phases. Additional uranium minerals were also noted, and their photodecomposition and spatial correlation with source term suggest that they may be uranium species complexed by photochemically degradable organic ligands. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NUCL MAT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Morris, DE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012 NR 35 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 5 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 7 BP 2322 EP 2331 DI 10.1021/es950745i PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UU548 UT WOS:A1996UU54800054 ER PT J AU Sugg, DW Bickham, JW Brooks, JA Lomakin, MD Jagoe, CH Dallas, CE Smith, MH Baker, RJ Chesser, RK AF Sugg, DW Bickham, JW Brooks, JA Lomakin, MD Jagoe, CH Dallas, CE Smith, MH Baker, RJ Chesser, RK TI DNA damage and radiocesium in channel catfish from Chernobyl SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE catfish; Chernobyl DNA damage; micronuclei; radiocesium ID FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; RADIATION EXPOSURE; STRAND SEPARATION; X-RAYS; ACCIDENT; REPAIR; RESERVOIR; ELUTION; SCRIPTA AB The explosion of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant resulted in some of the most radioactively contaminated habitats on earth. Despite evacuation of all human inhabitants from the most contaminated areas, animals and plants continue to thrive in these areas. This study examines the levels of contamination and genetic damage associated with radiocesium in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) from the cooling pond and a control site. In general, catfish from the cooling pond exhibit greater genetic damage, and the amount of damage is related to the concentration of radiocesium in individual fish. Genetic damage is primarily in the form of DNA strand breaks, with few micronuclei being observed in contaminated fish. The possible roles that acclimation and adaption play in the response to high levels of radiation exposure are discussed. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. INT RES & DEV AGCY,UA-252001 KIEV 1,UKRAINE. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. RP Sugg, DW (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DIV WILDLIFE ECOL & TOXICOL,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 51 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 13 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1057 EP 1063 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<1057:DDARIC>2.3.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA VF370 UT WOS:A1996VF37000006 ER PT J AU Suter, GW AF Suter, GW TI Toxicological benchmarks for screening contaminants of potential concern for effects on freshwater biota SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE benchmarks; ecological risk assessment; screening; criteria ID FISH AB An important early step in the assessment of ecological risks at contaminated sites is the screening of chemicals detected on the site to identify those that constitute a potential risk. Part of this screening process is the comparison of measured ambient concentrations to concentrations that are believed to be nonhazardous, termed ''benchmarks.'' This article discusses 13 methods by which benchmarks may be derived for aquatic biota and presents benchmarks for 105 chemicals. It then compares them with respect to their sensitivity, availability, magnitude relative to background concentrations, and conceptual bases. Although some individual values can be shown to be too high to be protective and others are too low to be useful for screening, none of the approaches to benchmark derivation can be rejected without further definition of what constitutes adequate protection. The most appropriate screening strategy is to use multiple benchmark values along with background concentrations, knowledge of waste composition, and physicochemical properties to identify contaminants of potential concern. RP Suter, GW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,MS 6038,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1232 EP 1241 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<1232:TBFSCO>2.3.CO;2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA VF370 UT WOS:A1996VF37000031 ER PT J AU Barinaga, CJ Eiden, GC Alexander, ML Koppenaal, DW AF Barinaga, CJ Eiden, GC Alexander, ML Koppenaal, DW TI Analytical atomic spectroscopy using ion trap devices SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Colloquium on Spectroscopy CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL LEIPZIG, GERMANY ID INVERSE FOURIER-TRANSFORM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MICRODROPLETS; IONIZATION; SAMPLES AB Investigations using ion trap devices for analytical atomic spectroscopy purposes have focused on the use of an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) ion source with ion trap mass spectrometric (ITMS) detection. Initial studies were conducted with an instrument assembled by simply appending an ion trap as the detector to a fairly conventional ICP/MS instrument, i.e. leaving an intermediate linear quadrupole between the plasma source and the ion trap. The principal advantages found with this system include the destruction of nearly all problematic and typical ICP/MS polyatomic ions (e.g., ArH+, ArO+, ArCl+, Ar-2(+), etc) and a dramatic reduction of the primary plasma source ion, Ar+. These results prompted the development of a second-generation plasma source ion trap instrument in which direct coupling of the ICP and ion trap has been effected (i.e. no intermediate linear quadrupole); the same performance benefits have been largely preserved. Initial operation of this instrument is described, characterized, and compared to the originally described ICP/ITMS and conventional ICP/MS systems. In addition, experiments aimed at improving ICP/ITMS sensitivity and selectivity using broadband resonance excitation techniques are described. Finally, the potential for laser optical detection of trapped ions for analytical purposes is speculated upon. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 355 IS 5-6 BP 487 EP 493 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UV610 UT WOS:A1996UV61000011 ER PT J AU Agarici, G Allibert, JP Ane, JM Arslanbekov, R Balme, S Bareyt, B Basiuk, V Bayetti, P Baylor, L Beaumont, B Becherer, R Becoulet, A Benkadda, M BergerBy, G Berio, S Bessette, D Biber, P Bizarro, JP BonMardion, G Boscary, J Bottereau, JM Bottiglioni, F Bremond, S Brugnetti, R Budny, RB Buravand, Y Capes, H Capitain, JJ Carbonnier, JL Carrasco, J Chamouard, C Chappuis, P Chatain, D Chatelier, E Chatelier, M Chatenet, JH Ciazynski, D Clairet, F Colas, L Cordier, JJ Cote, A Coulon, JP Couturier, B Crenn, JP Cristofani, P Deck, C Decool, P DeGentile, B Demarthe, H DeHaas, JC DeMichelis, C Deschamps, P Desgranges, C Devynck, P Doceul, L Doloc, C Dougnac, M Drawin, HW Druetta, M Dubois, M Duchateau, JL deWit, TD Dupas, L Edery, D Elbeze, D Escande, D Farjon, JL Fidone, I Ferron, JR Fois, M Forrest, C Foster, CA Fraboulet, D Frigione, D Fuchs, V Fumelli, M Gagey, B Garampon, L Garbet, X Gauthier, E Geraud, A Gervais, F Ghendrih, P Gil, C Giruzzi, G Goniche, M Gravier, R Gravil, B Gregoire, M Gresillon, D Grisolia, C Grosman, A Guilhem, D Guillerminet, B Guirlet, R Guiziou, L Harris, J Haste, G Hennequin, P Hennion, F Hertout, P Hess, W Hesse, M Hoang, GT Hogan, J Hutter, T Isler, R Jacquot, C Jager, B Jequier, F Joffrin, E Johner, J Journeaux, JY Joyer, P Kaye, SM Klepper, C Kazarian, F Kupfer, K Kuus, H Ladurelle, L Lafon, D Laporte, P Lasalle, J Laurent, L Laviron, C Leclert, G Ledyankine, A Leloup, C Li, YY Libeyre, P Lipa, M Litaudon, X Loarer, T Lotte, P Luciani, JF Lutz, T McGrath, R Magaud, P Mahdavi, A Martin, G Martinez, A Maschke, EK Masset, R Mattioli, M Mayaux, G Michelot, Y Mioduszewski, P Mitteau, R Misguich, J Mollard, P MonierGarbet, P Moreau, D Moreau, F Morera, JP Moulin, B Moulin, D Moustier, M Nakach, R Nguyen, F Nygren, R OuvrierBuffet, P Owen, L Pain, M Pamela, J Parlange, F Pastor, G Patris, R Paume, M Payan, J Pecquet, AL Pegourie, B Peysson, Y Piat, D Picchiottino, JM Platz, P Portafaix, C Prou, M Qualls, L Quemeneur, A Rax, JM Renner, H Rey, G Riband, P Rothan, B Roussel, P Sabbagh, SA Sabot, R Samaille, F Samain, A Saoutic, B Schlosser, J Seigneur, A Segui, JL Smits, F Soler, K Sonato, PG Talvard, M Theis, JM Thomas, CE Tobin, S Tonon, G Torossian, A Truc, A Tsitrone, E Turck, B Turlur, S Uckan, T Urquijo, G Vallet, JC Valter, J VanHoutte, D Verga, A Vezard, D Viallet, H Weisse, J White, R Wijnands, T Zabiego, M Zou, XL AF Agarici, G Allibert, JP Ane, JM Arslanbekov, R Balme, S Bareyt, B Basiuk, V Bayetti, P Baylor, L Beaumont, B Becherer, R Becoulet, A Benkadda, M BergerBy, G Berio, S Bessette, D Biber, P Bizarro, JP BonMardion, G Boscary, J Bottereau, JM Bottiglioni, F Bremond, S Brugnetti, R Budny, RB Buravand, Y Capes, H Capitain, JJ Carbonnier, JL Carrasco, J Chamouard, C Chappuis, P Chatain, D Chatelier, E Chatelier, M Chatenet, JH Ciazynski, D Clairet, F Colas, L Cordier, JJ Cote, A Coulon, JP Couturier, B Crenn, JP Cristofani, P Deck, C Decool, P DeGentile, B Demarthe, H DeHaas, JC DeMichelis, C Deschamps, P Desgranges, C Devynck, P Doceul, L Doloc, C Dougnac, M Drawin, HW Druetta, M Dubois, M Duchateau, JL deWit, TD Dupas, L Edery, D Elbeze, D Escande, D Farjon, JL Fidone, I Ferron, JR Fois, M Forrest, C Foster, CA Fraboulet, D Frigione, D Fuchs, V Fumelli, M Gagey, B Garampon, L Garbet, X Gauthier, E Geraud, A Gervais, F Ghendrih, P Gil, C Giruzzi, G Goniche, M Gravier, R Gravil, B Gregoire, M Gresillon, D Grisolia, C Grosman, A Guilhem, D Guillerminet, B Guirlet, R Guiziou, L Harris, J Haste, G Hennequin, P Hennion, F Hertout, P Hess, W Hesse, M Hoang, GT Hogan, J Hutter, T Isler, R Jacquot, C Jager, B Jequier, F Joffrin, E Johner, J Journeaux, JY Joyer, P Kaye, SM Klepper, C Kazarian, F Kupfer, K Kuus, H Ladurelle, L Lafon, D Laporte, P Lasalle, J Laurent, L Laviron, C Leclert, G Ledyankine, A Leloup, C Li, YY Libeyre, P Lipa, M Litaudon, X Loarer, T Lotte, P Luciani, JF Lutz, T McGrath, R Magaud, P Mahdavi, A Martin, G Martinez, A Maschke, EK Masset, R Mattioli, M Mayaux, G Michelot, Y Mioduszewski, P Mitteau, R Misguich, J Mollard, P MonierGarbet, P Moreau, D Moreau, F Morera, JP Moulin, B Moulin, D Moustier, M Nakach, R Nguyen, F Nygren, R OuvrierBuffet, P Owen, L Pain, M Pamela, J Parlange, F Pastor, G Patris, R Paume, M Payan, J Pecquet, AL Pegourie, B Peysson, Y Piat, D Picchiottino, JM Platz, P Portafaix, C Prou, M Qualls, L Quemeneur, A Rax, JM Renner, H Rey, G Riband, P Rothan, B Roussel, P Sabbagh, SA Sabot, R Samaille, F Samain, A Saoutic, B Schlosser, J Seigneur, A Segui, JL Smits, F Soler, K Sonato, PG Talvard, M Theis, JM Thomas, CE Tobin, S Tonon, G Torossian, A Truc, A Tsitrone, E Turck, B Turlur, S Uckan, T Urquijo, G Vallet, JC Valter, J VanHoutte, D Verga, A Vezard, D Viallet, H Weisse, J White, R Wijnands, T Zabiego, M Zou, XL TI Toward long-pulse, high-performance discharges in Tore Supra: Experimental knowledge and technological developments for heat exhaust SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tokamak; steady state; heat exhaust ID LIMITERS; TOKAMAK AB In view of high-power, long-pulse steady-state operation, Tore Supra has incorporated in its design the active control of heat and particles in a realistic environment. In the early experimental phase of Tore Supra, the first generation of plasma-facing components was tested, and these tests provided much physics and technological information and illuminated various operational difficulties. In particular, these experiments revealed the weakness of the graphite-to-metal brazing process originally adopted for actively cooled high-heat-flux components. Consequently, a new inner-wall technology was developed in 1994 and is to be tested in 1995-1996 with a totally rebuilt 40-deg toroidal sector. A carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon-metal compound is based on the newest brazing technology and rigorous quality control. Components such as the toroidal pump limiter and the guard limiters of plasma-heating antennas are being developed in the same way. For structures where brazing is difficult, boron carbide-coated components have been developed and installed in Tore Supra. For lower heat fluxes, a bolted concept has been designed and tested. The influence of inner-first-wall misalignment in Tore Supra on the power exhaust limitation of brazed components has been studied. Results from the technological development for the different power exhaust systems and the associated experimental knowledge obtained during plasma operation in Tore Supra are presented. C1 INST MEDITERRANEEN TECHNOL,EQUIPE TURBULENCE PLASMA,MARSEILLE,FRANCE. INST SUPER TECN,ASSOC EUR,IST,LISBON,PORTUGAL. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. ECOLE POLYTECH,CTR PHYS THEOR,PALAISEAU,FRANCE. CTR CANADIEN FUS MAGNET,VARENNES,PQ J3X 1S1,CANADA. LAB TRAITEMENT SIGNAL INSTRUMENTAT,ST ETIENNE,FRANCE. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA. ENEA,ASSOC EUR,CRE,FRASCATI,ITALY. ECOLE POLYTECH,PALAISEAU,FRANCE. UNIV NANCY 1,LPMI,F-54506 VANDOEUVRE NANCY,FRANCE. INST PLASMA PHYS,HEFEI,PEOPLES R CHINA. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV PARIS 11,ORSAY,FRANCE. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,EURATOM ASSOC,IPP,GARCHING,GERMANY. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. CNR,ENEA,EURATOM ASSOC,CS GAS IONIZZATI,PADUA,ITALY. RP Agarici, G (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; GAUTHIER, Eric/E-1076-2011; Bizarro, Joao P. S./F-4124-2011 OI Bizarro, Joao P. S./0000-0002-0698-6259 NR 63 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 417 EP 448 PG 32 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700003 ER PT J AU Rosenfeld, JH Lindemuth, JE North, MT Watson, RD Youchison, DL Goulding, RH AF Rosenfeld, JH Lindemuth, JE North, MT Watson, RD Youchison, DL Goulding, RH TI Evaluation of porous media heat exchangers for fusion applications SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE porous media; heat exchanger; heat pipe AB Several types of porous media heat exchangers are being evaluated for use infusion applications. Broadly, these devices can be classified as capillary-pumped (heat pipes) or mechanically-pumped heat exchangers. Monel/water thermosyphon heat pipes with a porous metal wick are being evaluated for use in Faraday shields. A subscale prototype has been fabricated and initial tests at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have shown favorable results. Alkali metal heat pipes have demonstrated absorbed heat flux capability of over 1000 MW/m(2). An advanced gyrotron microwave cavity is being developed that uses water cooling in a mechanically-pumped copper porous metal heat exchanger. Tests on a prototype demonstrated absorbed heat flux capability in excess of 100 MW/m(2). Porous metal heat exchangers with helium, water, or liquid metal coolants are being evaluated for plasma-facing component cooling. Tests on a helium/copper porous metal heat exchanger demonstrated absorbed heat flux capability in excess of 15 MW/m(2). Applications, conceptual designs, fabricated hardware, and test results are summarized. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,FUS TECHNOL DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Rosenfeld, JH (reprint author), THERMACORE INC,780 EDEN RD,LANCASTER,PA 17601, USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 449 EP 458 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700004 ER PT J AU Nygren, RE Miller, JD AF Nygren, RE Miller, JD TI How braze flaws affect the thermal-hydraulic performance of the Tore Supra phase-III outboard pump limiter - A case study of the effects of nonuniform thermal resistance on the peak heat flux to the coolant for tubes with one-sided heating SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high heat flux; actively cooled; plasma-facing component AB The Phase-III Outboard Pump Limiter is a heat sink made of pyrolytic graphite armor brazed to water-cooled copper tubes. Around the inner wall of the tube wall, some of the water can be in the subcooled boiling regime. The central issue analyzed here is how the heatflow in the tube changes when the thermal resistance along the heated portion of the tube is redistributed. Cracks or braze flaws in the joint between the tile and tube cause this redistribution. Severe cracks or flaws reduce the power-handling capability of this assembly because the local peak heat fluxes increase and, for a given critical heat flux (CHF), the safety margin decreases. There were some surprises. The increase in local peak heat flux for the most common type of flaw encountered in the fabrication of this limiter was negligible up to a flaw size of similar to 50%. The examples presented are intended as a case study that illuminates the more general problem of how correlations for heat transfer and for CHF developed for uniform circumferential heating are applied to a case of one-sided heating. RP Nygren, RE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 529 EP 544 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700011 ER PT J AU Youchison, DL Izenson, MG Baxi, CB Rosenfeld, JH AF Youchison, DL Izenson, MG Baxi, CB Rosenfeld, JH TI High-heat-flux testing of helium-cooled heat exchangers for fusion applications SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat exchanger; fusion; helium AB High-heat-flux experiments on three types of helium-cooled divertor mock-ups were performed on the 30-kW electron beam test system and its associated helium flow loop at Sandia National Laboratories. A dispersion-strengthened copper alloy (DSCu) was used In the manufacture of all the mock-ups. The first heat exchanger was manufactured by Creare, Inc., and makes use of microfin technology and helium flow normal to the heated surface. This technology provides for enhanced heat transfer at relatively low flow rates and much reduced pumping requirements. The Creare sample was tested to a maximum absorbed heat flux of 5.8 MW/m(2). The second helium-cooled divertor mock-up was designed and manufactured by General Atomics (GA). If consisted of millimetre-sized axial fins and flow channels machined in DSCu. This design used low pressure drops and high mass flow rates to achieve good heat removal. The GA specimen was tested to a maximum absorbed heat flux of 9 MW/m(2) while maintaining a surface temperature below 400 degrees C. This temperature was selected to be compatible with a 2-mm-thick beryllium the at the plasma interface, where the maximum surface temperature must be below 700 degrees C. A second experiment resulted in a maximum absorbed heat flux of 34 MW/m(2) and surface temperatures near 533 degrees C. The third specimen was a DSCu, axial flow, helium-cooled divertor mock-up filled with a porous metal wick designed and manufactured by Thermacore, Inc. The internal porous metal wick effectively increases the available heat transfer area. Low mass flow and high pressure drop operation at 4.0 MPa were characteristic of this divertor module. It survived a maximum absorbed heat flux of 16 MW/m(2) and reached a surface temperature of 740 degrees C. Thermacore also manufactured a follow-on, dual channel porous metal-type heat exchanger. This ''unit cell'' divertor module was an improvement over the previous design because it utilized short flow lengths to minimize pressure drops and pumping requirements. It survived a maximum absorbed heat flux of 14 MW/m(2) and reached a maximum surface temperature of 690 degrees C. C1 CREARE RES & DEV INC, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. GEN ATOM INC, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. THERMACORE INC, LANCASTER, PA 17601 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, FUS TECHNOL DEPT, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 559 EP 570 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700013 ER PT J AU Youchison, DL Guiniatouline, RN Watson, RD McDonald, JM Walsh, DS Beloturov, VI Mazul, IV Zakharov, AP Mills, BE Boehme, DR Savenko, VI AF Youchison, DL Guiniatouline, RN Watson, RD McDonald, JM Walsh, DS Beloturov, VI Mazul, IV Zakharov, AP Mills, BE Boehme, DR Savenko, VI TI Thermal fatigue testing of a diffusion-bonded beryllium divertor mock-up under ITER-relevant conditions SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diffusion bond; beryllium-copper joint; high heat AB Thermal response and thermal fatigue tests of four 5-mm-thick beryllium tiles on a Russian Federation International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)-relevant divertor mock-up were completed on the electron beam test system at Sandia National Laboratories. The beryllium tiles were diffusion bonded onto an oxygen-free high-conductivity copper saddle-block and a dispersion-strengthened copper alloy tube containing a copper porous coating. Thermal response rests were performed on the files to an absorbed heat flux of 5 MW/m(2) and surface temperatures near 300 degrees C using 1.4 MPa wafer at 5 m/s flow velocity and an inlet temperature of 8 to 15 degrees C. One tile was exposed to incrementally increasing heat fluxes up to 9.5 MW/m(2) and surface temperatures up to 690 degrees C before debonding at 10 MW/m(2). A second tile debonded in 25 to 30 cycles at <0.5 MW/m(2). However, a third file debonded after 9200 thermal fatigue cycles at 5 MW/m(2), while another debonded after 6800 cycles. Posttest surface analysis indicated that fatigue failure occurred in the intermetallic layers between the beryllium and copper. No fatigue cracking of the bulk beryllium was observed. It appears that microcracks growing at the diffusion bond produced the observed gradual temperature increases during thermal cycling. These experiments indicate that diffusion-bonded beryllium files can survive several thousand thermal cycles under ITER-relevant conditions. However, the reliability of the diffusion-bonded joint remains a serious issue. C1 EFREMOV INST, SCI TECH CTR FUS, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. SANDIA NATL LABS, FUS TECHNOL DEPT, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST PHYS CHEM, MOSCOW 117915, RUSSIA. SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT MAT, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, FUS TECHNOL DEPT, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 599 EP 614 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700016 ER PT J AU Longhurst, GR Petti, DA Dinneen, GA Herring, JS DeLooper, J Levine, JD Gouge, MJ AF Longhurst, GR Petti, DA Dinneen, GA Herring, JS DeLooper, J Levine, JD Gouge, MJ TI Development of fusion safety standards SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Two new U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) standards have been prepared to assist in the design and regulation of magnetic fusion facilities. They are DOE-STD-6002-96, ''Safety of Magnetic Fusion Facilities - Requirements,'' and DOE-STD-6003-96 ''Safety of Magnetic Fusion Facilities - Guidance.'' The first standard sets forth requirements, mostly based on the Code of Federal Regulations, deemed necessary for the safe design and operation of fusion facilities and a set of safety principles to use in the design. The second standard provides guidance on how to meet the requirements identified in DOE-STD-6002-96. If is written specifically for a facility such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) in the DOE regulatory environment. As technical standards, they are applicable only to the extent chat compliance with these standards is included in the contracts of the developers. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP Longhurst, GR (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 627 EP 631 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW277 UT WOS:A1996UW27700018 ER PT J AU Panjehpour, M Overholt, BF Vo-Dinh, T Haggitt, RC Edwards, DH Buckley, FP AF Panjehpour, M Overholt, BF Vo-Dinh, T Haggitt, RC Edwards, DH Buckley, FP TI Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS; ADENOCARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; LUNG; SPECTROSCOPY; TISSUES; CANCER; BREAST; RISK AB Background & Aims: Early detection and treatment of esophageal cancer in Barrett's esophagus may improve patient survival if dysplasia is effectively detected at endoscopy. Typically, four-quadrant pinch biopsy specimens are taken at 2-cm intervals. This study was conducted to determine whether laser-induced florescence spectroscopy could be used to detect high-grade dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Methods: Four hundred ten-naonometer laser light was used to induce autofluorescence of Barrett's mucosa in 36 patients. The spectra were analyzed using the differential normalized fluorescence (DNF) index technique to differentiate high-grade dysplasia from either low-grade or nondysplastic mucosa. Each spectrum was classified as either premalignant or benign using two different DNF indices. Results: Analysis of the fluorescence spectra from all patients collectively using the DNF intensity at 480 nm (DNF480) index showed that 96% of nondysplastic Barrett's esophagus samples were classified as benign, all low-grade dysplasia samples as benign, 90% of high-grade dysplasia samples as premalignant, and 28% of low-grade with focal high-grade dysplasia samples as premalignant. Using the two DNF indices concurrently, all patients with any high-grade dysplasia were classified correctly. Conclusions: Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy has great potential to detect high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus when using the DNF technique. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, ADV MONITORING DEV GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, MED CTR, DIV HOSP PATHOL, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RP THOMPSON CANC SURVIVAL CTR, CTR LASER, 1915 WHITE AVE, KNOXVILLE, TN 37916 USA. NR 32 TC 210 Z9 210 U1 2 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUL PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1053/gast.1996.v111.pm8698231 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UV622 UT WOS:A1996UV62200020 PM 8698231 ER PT J AU Burlage, RS Yang, ZK Mehlhorn, T AF Burlage, RS Yang, ZK Mehlhorn, T TI A transposon for green fluorescent protein transcriptional fusions: Application for bacterial transport experiments SO GENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fluorescent Proteins and Applications CY MAR 06-07, 1995 CL PALO ALTO, CA SP Palo Alto Inst Molec Med DE Tn5GFP1; C/Co; soil column ID MICROORGANISMS AB The movement of bacteria through groundwater is a poorly understood process. Factors such as soil porosity and mineralogy, heterogeneity of soil particle size, and response of the bacteria to their environment contribute to the pattern of bacterial flow, The identification of transported bacteria is often a limiting factor in both laboratory and held transport experiments, Two bacterial strains were modified for use in bacterial transport experiments: a strain of Escherichia coli harboring the pGFP plasmid and a strain of Pseudomonas putida modified with a Tn5 derivative, Tn5GFP1. The Tn5GFP1 transposon incorporates the gene (gfp) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and can be used to mutagenize Gram(-) bacteria. Fluorescent colonies were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a concentration of approx. 10(9) bacteria/ml. A 10-cm glass column packed with quartz sand (diameter range 177-250 mu m) was equilibrated with PBS prior to the forced flow introduction of the bacteria, Collected fractions were analyzed and the bacteria quantitated using a fluorescence spectrometer. Results demonstrate that the bacteria can be accurately tracked using their fluorescence, and that the intensity of the signal can be used to determine a C/Co ratio for the transported bacteria. The data show a rapid breakthrough of the bacteria followed by a characteristic curve pattern. A lower limit of detection of 10(5) cells was estimated based on these experiments, The Tn5GFP1 transposon should become a valuable tool for labeling bacteria. RP Burlage, RS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 173 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00672-9 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UY073 UT WOS:A1996UY07300009 PM 8707057 ER PT J AU Takiguchi, Y Kurimasa, A Chen, FQ Pardington, PE Kuriyama, T Okinaka, RT Moyzis, R Chen, DJ AF Takiguchi, Y Kurimasa, A Chen, FQ Pardington, PE Kuriyama, T Okinaka, RT Moyzis, R Chen, DJ TI Genomic structure and chromosomal assignment of the mouse Ku70 gene SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID RNA POLYMERASE-II; PROTEIN-KINASE; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; DNA; ANTIGEN; AUTOANTIBODIES; RECOMBINATION; AUTOANTIGEN; MICE AB DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) consists of three polypeptide subunits: Ku70, Ku80, and the DNA-Pk catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). Mammalian mutants deficient in either Ku80 or DNA-PHcs function have been shown to be lacking in DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination, respectively. The precise role of the Ku70 gene in this process has not yet been determined, in part because no cell lines, animals, or human diseases involved with deficiencies in this gene have yet been identified. Both the human and the mouse Ku70 cDNAs have been cloned, and the human gene has been mapped to chromosome 22q13. The original mouse cDNA clones, however, lacked a complete 5'-region, and none of the mammalian Ku70 genomic sequences have been characterized. This report contains an analysis of the 5'-region of the mouse cDNA sequence, a characterization of the mouse Ku70 genomic structure, and fluorescence in situ hybridization data that map the mouse gene to chromosome 15. The deduced amino acid sequence of the mouse gene consists of 608 amino acids compared to 609 for the human gene. The genomic sequence is 24 kb and consists of 13 exons, including an untranslated first exon. Sequences from the upstream region of exon 1 revealed four consensus GC box sequences and a strong transcription initiation site at a reasonable location. The assignment of the mouse Ku70 gene to chromosome 15 is consistent with the syntenic relationship of this gene in human (chromosome 22q13) and mouse and adds to the comparative mapping data for the genes involved in the SCID phenotype. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOM STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CHIBA UNIV,SCH MED,INST PULM CANC RES,DEPT CHEST MED,CHUO KU,CHIBA 260,JAPAN. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519] NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0331 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UV869 UT WOS:A1996UV86900017 PM 8661113 ER PT J AU Doyle, J Hoffman, S Ucla, C Reith, W Mach, B Stubbs, L AF Doyle, J Hoffman, S Ucla, C Reith, W Mach, B Stubbs, L TI Locations of human and mouse genes encoding the RFX1 and RFX2 transcription factor proteins SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID LIBRARIES AB RFX transcription factors constitute a highly conserved family of site-specific DNA binding proteins involved in the expression of a variety of cellular and viral genes, including major histocompatibility complex class II genes and genes in human hepatitis B virus. Five members of the RFX gene family have been isolated from human and mouse, and all share a highly characteristic DNA binding domain that is distinct from other known DNA binding motifs. The human RFX1 and RFX2 genes have been assigned by in situ hybridization to chromosome 19p13.1 and 19p13.3, respectively. In this paper, we present data that localize RFX1 and RFX2 precisely within the detailed physical map of human chromosome 19 and genetic data that assign Rfx1 and Rfx2 to homologous regions of mouse chromosomes 8 and 17, respectively. These data define the established relationships between these homologous mouse and human regions in further detail and provide new tools for linking cloned genes to phenotypes in both species. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV GENEVA,SCH MED,DEPT GENET & MICROBIOL,JEANTET LAB MOL GENET,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 227 EP 230 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0343 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UV869 UT WOS:A1996UV86900029 PM 8661125 ER PT J AU ODay, PA ChisholmBrause, CJ Towle, SN Parks, GA Brown, GE AF ODay, PA ChisholmBrause, CJ Towle, SN Parks, GA Brown, GE TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of Co(II) sorption complexes on quartz (alpha-SiO2) and rutile (TiO2) SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review ID OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; HYDROLYZABLE METAL-IONS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; SURFACE PRECIPITATION; FINE-STRUCTURE; CATION ADSORPTION; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; MODEL SYSTEMS AB The local molecular structure of Co(II) surface complexes sorbed to two pure mineral substrates, quartz (alpha-SiO2) and rutile (TiO2), was examined with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis. Absorption spectra were collected for samples equilibrated with Co solutions under- and over-saturated with respect to solid Co-hydroxide phases (0.15-3.00 mM) at Co surface coverages of 0.63-9.51 mu mol m(-2) and for equilibration times of 23 h to 21 days. Quantitative analysis of the EXAFS spectra indicates no significant structural differences in the local atomic environment around Co sorbed to quartz, regardless of the surface coverage or the equilibration time. For all Co/quartz samples, the local Co environment is similar (but not identical) to that of Co in solid, crystalline cobalt hydroxide (Co(OH)(2)(s)). Cobalt is octahedrally coordinated by six O atoms at 2.06-2.11 Angstrom; second-neighbor Co backscatterers are found at 3.11-3.12 Angstrom, slightly contracted relative to the Co-Co distance in Co(OH)(2)(s) (3.173 Angstrom). These results and the analysis of Co multiple-scattering suggest the formation of, primarily, large, multinuclear Co complexes or disordered hydroxide-like precipitates for Co sorbed to quartz. For Co sorption on rutile, the EXAFS spectra vary with changes in Co surface coverage and are distinctly different from Co/quartz spectra at all surface coverages examined. At low Co coverages, Co apparently sorbs directly to the rutile surface as mononuclear or small multinuclear complexes. This is indicated by two to three second-neighbor Ti atoms at two distinct distances, 2.95-2.99 Angstrom and 3.60-3.63 Angstrom, around sorbed Co. These Co-Ti distances are similar to Ti-Ti distances in the bulk rutile structure. The small number of Ti backscatterers indicates that Co has not diffused into the rutile structure but rather that Co occupies Ti-equivalent sites at the rutile surface. For high surface coverage samples equilibrated for eleven days, the average number of Co second-neighbor backscattering atoms increases, indicating larger-sized multinuclear complexes, but the EXAFS spectra do not resemble those of either the Co/quartz sorption samples or Co(OH)(2)(s). Analysis of these high coverage Co/rutile samples indicates Ti backscatterers at distances near those expected for anatase, a TiO2 polymorph, suggesting a local geometry for Co and Ti octahedra at the rutile/water interface similar to that of the cation octahedra in anatase. We suggest that differences in Co sorption on quartz and rutile may be attributed to the availability of reactive surface sites on quartz and rutile which are structurally favorable for the sorption of octahedrally-coordinated Co2+. C1 VIRGINIA INST MARINE SCI, COLL WILLIAM & MARY, DEPT PHYS SCI, GLOUCESTER POINT, VA 23062 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT GEOL & ENVIRONM SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RP ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOL, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. NR 101 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 1996 VL 60 IS 14 BP 2515 EP 2532 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00114-7 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UY098 UT WOS:A1996UY09800004 ER PT J AU Wendlandt, E DePaolo, DJ Baldridge, WS AF Wendlandt, E DePaolo, DJ Baldridge, WS TI Thermal history of Colorado Plateau lithosphere from Sm-Nd mineral geochronology of xenoliths SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MESOZOIC CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; SR ISOTOPIC SYSTEMATICS; LOWER CONTINENTAL-CRUST; NAVAJO VOLCANIC FIELD; TERTIARY GRANITE; NEODYMIUM; ORIGIN; GARNET; EVOLUTION AB The thermal history of the lower crust and upper mantle of the Colorado Plateau region is reconstructed on the basis of Nd and Sr isotopes in minerals and whole rock xenoliths hosted by Tertiary minette and kimberlite. The mineral data (garnet and clinopyroxene) indicate that lower crustal granulite and amphibolite (equilibration depth approximate to 25 km; equilibration temperature approximate to 700 degrees C) were last equilibrated on a mineral scale at 1345 +/- 10 Ma; a Sm-Nd garnet-whole rock age for a granitoid xenolith is also 1345 +/- 10 Ma. Whole rock data indicate that the crustal rocks were extracted from the mantle at ca. 1900 Ma. The mineral ages, which are 30-100 m.y. younger than crystallization ages of Proterozoic ''anorogenic'' granitoids from regions bordering the Colorado Plateau, are interpreted as cooling ages set following the crustal thermal maximum at 1380-1440 Ma. The granulites and amphibolites have remained at temperatures below approximate to 450 degrees C since 1350 Ma. Two eclogite xenoliths (equilibration depth approximate to 45-60 km; equilibration temperature approximate to 600 degrees C), which are inferred to be Precambrian as well, yield Sm-Nd garnet-clinopyroxene ages of 21.6 +/- 1.2 and 21.0 +/- 0.8 Ma. The eclogite mineral ages are probably the ages of the host Garnet Ridge and Moses Rock diatremes, and require that Nd isotopes were maintained in equilibrium right up to the time of entrainment. The isotopic data and the mineral textures suggest that the eclogites were undergoing active recrystallization at 21 Ma. The contrast in mineral ages between granulite and eclogite xenoliths indicates that the equilibration temperatures of the two rock types reflect different times of equilibration, and therefore cannot be considered as evidence for a negative thermal gradient at depth. The Rb-Sr mineral data from the xenoliths give variable early Paleozoic and Proterozoic ages that cannot easily be assigned to geologic events. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Wendlandt, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0016-7606 J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 108 IS 7 BP 757 EP 767 DI 10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0757:THOCPL>2.3.CO;2 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UX039 UT WOS:A1996UX03900001 ER PT J AU Lapenta, G Brackbill, JU AF Lapenta, G Brackbill, JU TI Contact discontinuities in collisionless plasmas: A comparison of hybrid and kinetic simulations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A comparison of full kinetic and hybrid simulations for T-e/T-i > 1, where T-e(T-i) is the electron (ion) temperature, indicates that contact discontinuities cannot persist in collisionless plasmas. A simple analysis suggests that the potential barrier to ion mass and thermal transport identified by Wu et al. [1994] in their hybrid calculations can preserve the contact discontinuity if the contributions of electron thermal transport are small. When T-e/T-i > 1, electron energy transport in kinetic calculations results in large potentials which reduce the effectiveness of the potential barrier. Thus, contact discontinuities are unlikely to be observed in spacecraft observations. RP Lapenta, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B216,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 14 BP 1713 EP 1716 DI 10.1029/96GL01845 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UV847 UT WOS:A1996UV84700003 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW Peterson, JE Majer, EL AF Vasco, DW Peterson, JE Majer, EL TI Nonuniqueness in traveltime tomography: Ensemble inference and cluster analysis SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOPHYSICAL INVERSE PROBLEMS; VELOCITY INVERSION; TIME TOMOGRAPHY; ALGORITHM AB We examine the nonlinear aspects of seismic traveltime tomography. This is accomplished by completing an extensive set of conjugate gradient inversions on a parallel virtual machine, with each initiated by a different starting model. The goal is an exploratory analysis of a set of conjugate gradient solutions to the traveltime tomography problem. We find that distinct local minima are generated when prior constraints are imposed on traveltime tomographic inverse problems. Methods from cluster analysis determine the number and location of the isolated solutions to the traveltime tomography problem. We apply the cluster analysis techniques to a cross-borehole traveltime data set gathered at the Gypsy Pilot Site in Pawnee County, Oklahoma. We find that the 1075 final models, satisfying the traveltime data and a model norm penalty, form up to 61 separate solutions. All solutions appear to contain a Central low velocity zone bounded above and below by higher velocity layers. Such a structure agrees with well-logs, hydrological well tests, and a previous seismic inversion. RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1209 EP 1227 DI 10.1190/1.1444040 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UY979 UT WOS:A1996UY97900025 ER PT J AU Moline, GR Beauchamp, JJ Wright, T AF Moline, GR Beauchamp, JJ Wright, T TI Determining an optimal sampling frequency for measuring bulk temporal changes in ground-water quality SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB In the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) process, statistical methods are used to determine an optimal sampling and analysis plan, When the DQO decision rule for instituting remedial actions is based on a critical change in water quality, the monitoring program design must ensure that this change can be detected and measured with a specified confidence, Usually the focus is on the change at a single monitoring location and the process is limited to addressing the uncertainty inherent in the analytical methods and the variability at that location, However, new strategies that permit ranking the waste sites and prioritizing remedial activities require the means for assessing overall changes for small regions over time, where both spatial and temporal variability exist and where the uncertainty associated with these variations far exceeds measurement error, Two new methods for assessing these overall changes have been developed and are demonstrated by application to a waste disposal site in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. These methods incorporate historical data where available and allow the user to either test the statistical significance of a linear trend or of an annual change compared to a baseline year for a group of water quality wells. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT COMP SCI & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Moline, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 579 EP 587 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02043.x PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA UV866 UT WOS:A1996UV86600005 ER PT J AU Nichols, WE Meyer, PD AF Nichols, WE Meyer, PD TI Multidimensional water flow in a low-level waste isolation barrier SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB An analysis was conducted of multidimensional subsurface moisture flow in a hypothetical low-level radioactive waste disposal facility, The key design feature examined in the analysis was a sloping sand/gravel capillary barrier designed to route natural infiltration around a concrete vault, Three barrier slopes (1:25, 1:10, and 1:5) and three sand/gravel property combinations were considered, The slopes and material property combinations were selected to represent a range in barrier effectiveness. The porous media flow code used for this analysis was VAM3DCG, a three-dimensional, finite-element code which was able to use nonorthogonal grid discretizations and employed robust, efficient numerical techniques, Three-dimensional modeling demonstrated that flow in the hypothetical design exhibited cross-slope flow because of the pressure gradient produced in the third, cross-slope dimension, Barrier effectiveness was shown to be highly sensitive to the sand/gravel material properties, Barrier slope was less important, especially for the effective material combinations, The presence of three-dimensional flow could be important in a performance assessment if the quantity of water predicted to breach the capillary barrier by a tie-dimensional model were different from that predicted by a three-dimensional model, Comparative modeling demonstrated that a two-dimensional analysis resulted in underestimation of barrier effectiveness, For the considered design, two-dimensional modeling is a conservative, yet reasonable, approach in a performance assessment application. RP Nichols, WE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DIV ENVIRONM TECHNOL, POB 999, MSIN K9-33, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 659 EP 665 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02053.x PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA UV866 UT WOS:A1996UV86600015 ER PT J AU OBrien, R Keller, CK Smith, JL AF OBrien, R Keller, CK Smith, JL TI Multiple tracers of shallow ground-water flow and recharge in hilly loess SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL CHLORIDE; UNSATURATED ZONE; DESERT SOILS; TRITIUM; MOVEMENT; LANDSCAPE; PROFILES; NITRATE; LIQUID; TILL AB Vertical profiles of tritium and nitrate pore-water concentrations were determined to similar to 8 m depth across two loess hillslopes. Mean recharge fluxes, estimated from chloride mass balance, are 5-10 times larger at the mid- and toe-slope positions than at the top-slope; the magnitudes of the values compare reasonably with results from other methods. The tritium and nitrate profiles exhibit multiple peaks which indicate that piston flow is not the sole flow process in this system. Results of a simple I-D mixing model suggest that infiltration-exfiltration cycles in zones of plant root activity explain the shallow tritium peaks. Deeper peaks result from preferential vertical and/or lateral flow. The importance of these dispersive processes is underlined by great dilution of observed tritium concentrations, relative to expected concentrations assuming piston flow. In this setting, chloride is useful as a recharge estimator while tritium and nitrate serve as tracers of landscape-scale water movement. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,LAND MANAGEMENT & WATER CONSERVAT RES UNIT,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP OBrien, R (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. RI Keller, C/B-3205-2012 NR 57 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 675 EP 682 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02055.x PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA UV866 UT WOS:A1996UV86600017 ER PT J AU Bugai, DA Waters, RD Dzhepo, SP Skalskij, AS AF Bugai, DA Waters, RD Dzhepo, SP Skalskij, AS TI Risks from radionuclide migration to groundwater in the Chernobyl 30-km zone SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE health effects; radiation risk; Chernobyl; groundwater ID CONTAMINATION; ACCIDENT; STATION AB Remediation of contaminated groundwater in the Chernobyl 30-km evacuation zone is frequently identified as a priority by technical experts and Chernobyl site officials in Ukraine. In order to evaluate the health risk basis for this groundwater remediation, we have estimated both on-site and off-site health risks caused by radionuclide migration to the groundwater and compared these risks with those from exposure to radioactive contamination on the ground surface. A simple and conservative analytical model was developed to assess radionuclide transport to the groundwater from the soil surface contaminated by radioactive fallout. Sr-90, the primary radioactive contaminant of concern for the groundwater-migration exposure pathway, was evaluated in the analysis. The estimated health risk to hypothetical, self-sufficient residents in the 30-km zone is dominated by external and internal irradiation (due primarily to ingestion of agricultural products) from Cs-137, which is present in soils of the 30-km zone in roughly equal proportion with Sr-90. The estimated risk from contaminated groundwater is approximately an order of magnitude lower. Analysis of Sr-90 migration via groundwater to surface water and down-river population centers shows that, despite generally unfavorable environmental conditions in the 30-km exclusion zone, radionuclide transport via the groundwater pathway has potential to contribute only marginally to the off-site radiological risk, which is governed by wash-out of radionuclides from the contaminated river flood plain and catchment areas by surface water during spring snowmelt and rains. Health risks due to off-site radionuclide migration via groundwater are below the level requiring application of counter-measures. This analysis implies that, relative to other exposure pathways, there is little current or future health risk basis for the proposed complex and costly groundwater remediation measures in the 30-km zone. Therefore, these activities should be abandoned in favor of more pressing health issues caused by the Chernobyl accident. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Bugai, DA (reprint author), INST GEOL SCI, KIEV, UKRAINE. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 1 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1097/00004032-199607000-00002 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UT317 UT WOS:A1996UT31700005 PM 8655337 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ Smith, MH Swinth, KL Pettengill, HJ AF Strom, DJ Smith, MH Swinth, KL Pettengill, HJ TI Doses to workers in the United States Nuclear Weapons Program due to external irradiation at the dawn of the atomic era (1940-1960) SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose; weapons; nuclear workers; exposure, occupational ID MORTALITY AB Radiation doses to workers at the Manhattan Engineer District (MED) and Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) sites due to external irradiation during 1940-1960 are reviewed, Categorized radiation dose data were available from AEC annual reports for some years, Annual individual radiation dose data for nine MED/AEC sites for all years were available from the U.S. Department of Energy's Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource, These data are combined to produce an estimate of external collective dose equivalent to 1,720 person-Sv for 1940-1960, During this period there were 19 criticality incidents; 41 persons in a workforce of several hundred thousand were accidentally overexposed in these and other incidents, including three men who died due to acute radiation syndrome. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT HLTH PROTECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 DI 10.1097/00004032-199607000-00008 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UT317 UT WOS:A1996UT31700011 PM 8655330 ER PT J AU Kerr, GD AF Kerr, GD TI High-energy gamma rays at Hiroshima and Nagasaki SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP Kerr, GD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, HLTH SCI RES DIV, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 1 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UT317 UT WOS:A1996UT31700019 PM 8655339 ER PT J AU Straume, T AF Straume, T TI High-energy gamma rays at Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Response SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP Straume, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 1 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UT317 UT WOS:A1996UT31700020 ER PT J AU Stodolsky, M AF Stodolsky, M TI BAC end-sequencing projects initiated SO HUMAN GENOME NEWS LA English DT Article RP Stodolsky, M (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN GENOME MANAGE INF SYSTEM PI OAK RIDGE PA OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, 1060 COMMERCE PARK, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 SN 1050-6101 J9 HUM GENOME NEWS JI Hum. Genome News PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VQ001 UT WOS:A1996VQ00100009 ER PT J AU Eichler, EE Lu, F Shen, Y Antonacci, R Jurecic, V Doggett, NA Moyzis, RK Baldini, A Gibbs, RA Nelson, DL AF Eichler, EE Lu, F Shen, Y Antonacci, R Jurecic, V Doggett, NA Moyzis, RK Baldini, A Gibbs, RA Nelson, DL TI Duplication of a gene-rich cluster between 16p11.1 and Xq28: A novel pericentromeric-directed mechanism for paralogous genome evolution SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY GENE; SWITCH RECOMBINATION; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-16; DNA POLYMORPHISM; HOMEOBOX GENES; CIRCULAR DNA; GREAT APE; SEQUENCE; MOUSE; ORGANIZATION AB We have identified a 26.5 kb gene-rich duplication shared by human Xq28 and 16p11.1. Complete comparative sequence analysis of cosmids from both loci has revealed identical Xq28 and 16p11.1 genomic structures for both the human creatine transporter gene (SLC6A8) and five exons of the CDM gene (DXS1357E), Overall nucleotide similarity within the duplication was found to be 94.6%, suggesting that this interchromosomal duplication occurred within recent evolutionary time (7-10 mya). Based on comparisons between genomic and cDNA sequence, both the Xq28 creatine transporter and DXS1357E genes are transcriptionally active. Predicted translation of exons and RT-PCR analysis reveal that chromosome 16 paralogs likely represent pseudogenes. Comparative fluorescent in site hybridization (FISH) analyses of chromosomes from various primates indicate that this gene-rich segment has undergone several duplications, In gorilla and chimpanzee, multiple pericentromeric localizations on a variety of chromosomes were found using probes from the duplicated region. In other species, such as the orangutan and gibbon, FISH signals were only identified at the distal end of the X chromosome, suggesting that the Xq28 locus represents the ancestral copy. Sequencing of the 16p11.1/Xq28 duplication breakpoints has revealed the presence of repetitive immunoglobulin-like CAGGG pentamer sequences at or near the paralogy boundaries. The mobilization and dispersal of this gene-rich 27 kb element to the pericentromeric regions of primate chromosomes defines an unprecedented form of recent genome evolution and a novel mechanism for the generation of genetic diversity among closely related species. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR HUMAN GENOME,DEPT MOL & HUMAN GENT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI genes, anthony/F-2541-2012; Antonacci, Rachele/C-5635-2013 OI Antonacci, Rachele/0000-0002-5601-1118 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00210, HG00823] NR 76 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 7 BP 899 EP 912 DI 10.1093/hmg/5.7.899 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VE062 UT WOS:A1996VE06200005 PM 8817324 ER PT J AU Neri, C Albanese, V Lebre, AS Holbert, S Saada, C Bougueleret, L MeierEwert, S LeGall, I Millasseau, P Bui, H Giudicelli, C Massart, C Guillou, S Gervy, P Poullier, E Rigault, P Weissenbach, J Lennon, G Chumakov, I Dausset, J Lehrach, H Cohen, D Cann, HM AF Neri, C Albanese, V Lebre, AS Holbert, S Saada, C Bougueleret, L MeierEwert, S LeGall, I Millasseau, P Bui, H Giudicelli, C Massart, C Guillou, S Gervy, P Poullier, E Rigault, P Weissenbach, J Lennon, G Chumakov, I Dausset, J Lehrach, H Cohen, D Cann, HM TI Survey of CAG/CTG repeats in human cDNAs representing new genes: Candidates for inherited neurological disorders SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID EXPANDED CAG REPEATS; TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCE; ATAXIA; SEARCH; MAPS; EXPANSION AB Expansion of polymorphic CAG and CTG repeats in transcripts is the cause of six inherited origin. neurodegenerative or neuromuscular diseases and may be involved in several other genetic disorders of the central nervous system. To identify new candidate genes, we have undertaken a large-scale screening project for CAG and CTG repeats in human reference cDNAs. We screened 100 128 brain cDNAs by hybridization. We also scanned GenBank expressed sequence tags for the presence of long CAG/CTG repeats in the extremities of cDNAs from several human tissues, Of the selected clones, 286 were found to represent new genes, and 72 have thus far been shown to contain CAG/CTG repeats, Our data indicate that CAG/CTG repeated 10 or more times are more likely to be polymorphic, and that new 3'-directed cDNAs with such repeats are very rare (1/2862). Nine new cDNAs containing polymorphic (observed heterozygote frequency: 0.05-0.90) CAG/CTG repeats have been currently identified in cDNAs, Ail of the cDNAs have been assigned to chromosomes, and six of them could be mapped with YACs to 1q32-q41, 3p14, 4q28, 3p21 and 12q13.3, 13q13.1-q13.2, and 19q13.43, Three of these clones are highly polymorphic and represent the most likely candidate genes for inherited neurodegenerative diseases and, perhaps, neuropsychiatric disorders of multifactorial origin. C1 MAX PLANCK INST MOL GENET,D-1000 BERLIN,GERMANY. GENETHON,CNRS URA 1922,EVRY,FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Neri, C (reprint author), FDN JEAN DAUSSET,CEPH,27 RUE JULIETTE DODU,F-75010 PARIS,FRANCE. RI Neri, Christian/F-6729-2013 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1001 EP 1009 DI 10.1093/hmg/5.7.1001 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VE062 UT WOS:A1996VE06200019 PM 8817338 ER PT J AU DeFanti, TA Brown, MD Stevens, R AF DeFanti, TA Brown, MD Stevens, R TI Virtual reality over high-speed networks SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP DeFanti, TA (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,ELECT VISUALIZAT LAB,851 S MORGAN ST,ROOM 1120,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 42 EP 43 DI 10.1109/MCG.1996.511851 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA UT439 UT WOS:A1996UT43900010 ER PT J AU Sniegowski, JJ Garcia, EJ AF Sniegowski, JJ Garcia, EJ TI Surface-micromachined gear trains driven by an on-chip electrostatic microengine SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROMOTORS AB Test results for a polysilicon, surface-micromachined, electrostatically-actuated microengine driving multiple gears are presented. The microengine provides output in the form of a continuously rotating output gear (50 mu m in diameter) that is capable of delivering torque to additional geared mechanisms. The microengine can be operated at varying speeds and its motion can be reversed. A rotational speed of up to 200000 r/min while driving multiple gears has been obtained. Drive of a 1600 mu m diameter optical shutter has also been demonstrated. The resultant microengine and gear train, produced by polysilicon surface-micromachining techniques, are completely batch-fabricated without the need for piece-part assembly. RP Sniegowski, JJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 17 IS 7 BP 366 EP 368 DI 10.1109/55.506369 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UV319 UT WOS:A1996UV31900016 ER PT J AU Candy, JV Sullivan, EJ AF Candy, JV Sullivan, EJ TI Model-based identification: An adaptive approach to ocean-acoustic processing SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; VERTICAL ARRAY AB A model-based approach is developed to solve an adaptive ocean-acoustic signal-processing problem, Model-based signal processing is a well-defined methodology enabling the inclusion of propagation models, measurement models, and noise models into sophisticated processing algorithms. Here, we investigate the design of a so-called model-based identifier (MBID) for a general nonlinear state-space structure and apply it to a shallow-water ocean-acoustic problem characterized by the normal-mode model, In this problem, we assume that the structure of the model is known and we show how this parameter-adaptive processor can be configured to jointly estimate both the modal functions and the horizontal wave numbers directly from the measured pressure-field and sound speed. We first design the model-based identifier using a model developed from a shallow-water ocean experiment and then apply it to a corresponding set of experimental data demonstrating the feasibility of this approach, It is also shown that one of the benefits of this adaptive approach is a solution to the so-called ''mismatch'' problem in matched-field processing (MFP). C1 NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-437,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 273 EP 289 DI 10.1109/48.508158 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UY891 UT WOS:A1996UY89100004 ER PT J AU DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Trebino, R AF DeLong, KW Fittinghoff, DN Trebino, R TI Practical issues in ultrashort-laser-pulse measurement using frequency-resolved optical gating SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE RETRIEVAL; LIGHT-PULSES; AMPLITUDE; INTENSITY AB We explore several practical experimental issues in measuring ultrashort laser pulses using the technique of frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG). We present a simple method for checking the consistency of experimentally measured FROG data with the independently measured spectrum and autocorrelation of the pulse. This method is a powerful way of discovering systematic errors in FROG experiments. We show how to determine the optimum sampling rate for FROG and show that this satisfies the Nyquist criterion for the laser pulse. We explore the low- and high-power limits to FROG and determine that femtojoule operation should be possible, while the effects of self-phase modulation limit the highest signal efficiency in FROG to 1%. We also show quantitatively that the temporal blurring due to a finite-thickness medium in single-shot geometries does not strongly limit the FROG technique. We explore the limiting time-bandwidth values that can be represented on a FROG trace of a given size. Finally, we report on a new measure of the FROG error that improves convergence in the presence of noise. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 27 TC 75 Z9 79 U1 3 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1253 EP 1264 DI 10.1109/3.517026 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA UT427 UT WOS:A1996UT42700018 ER PT J AU Greene, A Anerella, M Cozzolino, J Escallier, J Fisher, D Ganetis, G Ghosh, A Gupta, R Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Lebel, R Morgan, G Morgillo, A Mulhall, S Muratore, J Plate, S Prodell, A Rehak, M Sampson, W Thomas, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E AF Greene, A Anerella, M Cozzolino, J Escallier, J Fisher, D Ganetis, G Ghosh, A Gupta, R Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Lebel, R Morgan, G Morgillo, A Mulhall, S Muratore, J Plate, S Prodell, A Rehak, M Sampson, W Thomas, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E TI The magnet system of the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider now under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a colliding ring accelerator to be completed in 1999. Through collisions of heavy ions it is hoped to observe the creation of matter at extremely high temperatures and densities, similar to what may have occurred in the original ''Big Bang''. The collider rings will consist of 1740 superconducting magnet elements. Some of these elements are being manufactured by industrial partners (Northrop Grumman and Everson Electric). Others are being constructed or assembled at BNL. A description is given of the magnet designs, the plan for manufacturing and test results. In the manufacturing of the magnets, emphasis has been placed on uniformity of their performance and on quality. Results so far indicate that this emphasis has been very successful. RP Greene, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2041 EP 2046 DI 10.1109/20.508563 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500003 ER PT J AU Anerella, MD Fisher, DH Sheedy, E McGuire, T AF Anerella, MD Fisher, DH Sheedy, E McGuire, T TI Industrial production of RHIC magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB RHIC 8 cm aperture dipole magnets and quadrupole cold masses are being built for Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) by Northrop Grumman Corporation at a production rate of one dipole magnet and two quadrupole cold masses per day. This work was preceded by a lengthy Technology Transfer effort which is described elsewhere [1]. This paper describes the tooling which is being used for the construction effort, the production operations at each workstation, and also the use of trend plots of critical construction parameters as a tool for monitoring performance in production. A report on the improvements to production labor since the start of the programs is also provided. The magnet and cold mass designs, and magnetic test results are described in more detail in a separate paper [2]. C1 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP,BETHPAGE,NY 11714. RP Anerella, MD (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2059 EP 2064 DI 10.1109/20.508567 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500007 ER PT J AU Jain, A Gupta, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P AF Jain, A Gupta, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P TI Skew quadrupole in RHIC dipole magnets at high fields SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB In the RHIC arc dipoles, the center of the cold mass lies above the center of the cryostat. At the maximum design field, the magnetic flux lines leak through the yoke to the asymmetrically located cryostat, which provides an additional return path. This introduces a systematic top-bottom asymmetry leading to a skew quadrupole term at high fields. A similar asymmetry is also created by any difference in weights of the upper and the lower yoke halves. Data from measurements of several RHIC dipoles are presented to study this effect. In the current production series of the RHIC dipoles, an attempt is made to compensate the effect of the cryostat by an asymmetry in the iron yoke. Seven dipoles with this type of yoke have been cold tested, and show a reduced saturation in the skew quadrupole term, as expected. RP Jain, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2065 EP 2068 DI 10.1109/20.508568 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500008 ER PT J AU Gupta, R Anerella, M Cozzolino, J Erickson, B Greene, A Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Morgan, G Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E AF Gupta, R Anerella, M Cozzolino, J Erickson, B Greene, A Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Morgan, G Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E TI Tuning shims for high field quality in superconducting magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB A high field quality in quadrupoles for the interaction region is crucial to the luminosity performance of high energy colliders such as the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The field quality in magnets is limited in part by manufacturing tolerances in the parts and assembly. A tuning shim method has been developed to reduce the relative field errors (Delta B/B) from similar to 10(-4) to similar to 10(-5) at 2/3 of the coil radius. Eight tuning shims having a variable thickness of iron are inserted after the construction and measurement of field harmonics in the magnet. In this paper the tuning shim technique is described for RHIC interaction region quadrupoles. The results of calculations acid measurement are also presented. RP Gupta, R (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2069 EP 2073 DI 10.1109/20.508569 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500009 ER PT J AU Marks, S AF Marks, S TI Magnetic design of trim excitations for the advanced light source storage ring sextupole SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The Advanced Light Source (ALS) storage ring sextupole is a unique multi-purpose magnet. It is designed to operate as a sextupole with three auxiliary trim modes: horizontal steering, vertical steering, and skew quadrupole. A perturbation theory for,iron-dominated magnets developed by Klaus Halbach provides the basis for this design. The three trim excitations are produced by violating sextupole symmetry and are thus perturbations of the normal sextupole excitation. The magnet was designed such that all four modes are decoupled and can be excited independently. This paper discusses the use of Halbach's perturbation theory to design the trim functions and to evaluate the primary asymmetry in the sextupole mode, namely, a gap in the return yoke to accommodate the vacuum chamber. RP Marks, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2077 EP 2080 DI 10.1109/20.508571 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500011 ER PT J AU Green, MA Madura, D AF Green, MA Madura, D TI Design parameters for a 7.2 tesla bending magnet for a 1.5 GeV compact light source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB This report describes the design for a 7.2 tesla superconducting dipole magnet for compact synchrotron light source, The proposed magnet is a Vobly type modified picture frame dipole that has the flux returned through unsaturated iron. In this magnet, The iron in the pole pieces is highly saturated, Separately powered coils around the pole pieces are used to direct the flux lines until the flux can be returned through the unsaturated iron, The proposed dipole will develop a uniform field over a region that is 80 mm high by 130 mm wide over a range of central induction from 0.4 T to almost 8 T. Each dipole for the compact light source will have a magnetic length of about 0.38 meters. C1 ADO LOCKHEED MARTIN,RANCHO BERNARDO,CA 92125. RP Green, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2081 EP 2084 DI 10.1109/20.508572 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500012 ER PT J AU Green, MA Garren, AA AF Green, MA Garren, AA TI Optimization of superconducting bending magnets for a 1.0 to 1.5 GeV compact light source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Compact light sources are being proposed for protein crystallography, medical imaging, nano-machining and other areas of study that require intense sources of x rays at energies up to 35 keV[1]. In order for a synchrotron light source to be attractive, its capital cost must be kept low, The proposed compact light source has superconducting bending elements to bend the stored beam and produce the x rays. Additional focusing for the machine is provided by conventional quadrupoles. An important part of the cost optimization of a compact light source is the cost of the bending magnets. In the case of a machine with superconducting bending elements, the bending magnet system can represent close to half of the storage ring cost, The Compact light source storage rings studied here have a range or stored electron energies from 1.0 to 1.5 GeV, For a number of reasons, It is desirable to keep the storage ring circumference below 30 meters.; Cost optimization parameters include: 1) the number of superconducting bending elements in the ring, and 2) the central induction of the dipole. A machine design that features two superconducting dipoles in a single cryostat vacuum vessel is also discussed RP Green, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2085 EP 2088 DI 10.1109/20.508573 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500013 ER PT J AU RodriguezMateos, F Coull, L DahlerupPetersen, K Hagedorn, D Krainz, G Rijllart, A McInturff, A AF RodriguezMateos, F Coull, L DahlerupPetersen, K Hagedorn, D Krainz, G Rijllart, A McInturff, A TI Electrical performance of a string of magnets representing a half-cell of the LHC machine SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Tests have been carried out on a string of prototype superconducting magnets, consisting of one double-quadrupole and two double-dipoles forming the major part of a half-cell of the LHC machine. The magnets are protected individually by ''cold diodes'' and quench heaters. The electrical aspects of these tests are described here. The performance during quench of the protection diodes and the associated interconnections was studied. Tests determined the magnet quench performance in training and at different ramp-rates, and investigated the inter-magnet propagation of quenches. Current lead and inter-magnet contact resistances were controlled and the performance of the power converter and the dump switches assessed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. RP RodriguezMateos, F (reprint author), CERN,EUROPEAN ORG NUCL RES,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2105 EP 2108 DI 10.1109/20.508578 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500018 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, RM Bowers, JM Harvey, AR Holmes, RH James, GF Libkind, MA Martin, RW Mullins, LE Thomas, JH Wong, WJ Aronson, SH Kahn, SA Kroon, PJ Shea, TK Schlueter, RD Sondheim, WE AF Yamamoto, RM Bowers, JM Harvey, AR Holmes, RH James, GF Libkind, MA Martin, RW Mullins, LE Thomas, JH Wong, WJ Aronson, SH Kahn, SA Kroon, PJ Shea, TK Schlueter, RD Sondheim, WE TI The PHENIX Detector magnet subsystem SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The PHENIX [Photon Electron New Heavy Ion Experiment] Detector is one of two large detectors presently under construction for RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) located at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Its primary goal is to detect a new phase of matter; the quark-gluon plasma. In order to achieve this objective, the PHENIX Detector utilizes a complex magnet subsystem which is comprised of two large magnets identified as the Central Magnet (CM) and the Muon Magnet (MM). Muon Identifier steel is also included as part of this package. The entire magnet subsystem stands over 10 meters tall and weighs in excess of 1900 tons (see Fig. 1). Magnet size alone provided many technical challenges throughout the design and fabrication of the project. In addition, interaction with foreign collaborators provided the authors with new areas to address and problems to solve, Russian collaborators would fabricate a large fraction of the steel required and Japanese collaborators would supply the first coil, This paper will describe the overall design of the PHENIX magnet subsystem and discuss its present fabrication status. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Yamamoto, RM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2140 EP 2143 DI 10.1109/20.508587 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500027 ER PT J AU Harvey, AR Yamamoto, RM AF Harvey, AR Yamamoto, RM TI Magnet coil electrical gaskets of high compliance and ampacity SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Coils employed in the magnets of the PHENIX Detector, presently under construction for RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, are massive (weight similar to 8000 kG each). For that reason we subdivided them into a series of manageable subcoils that we will subsequently bolt together. Electrical terminals attached to the subcoils conductors are rigidly embedded and precisely located during vacuum impregnation. However; we anticipate some miss-alignment and nonuniform gaping to occur between terminals at assembly. We have elected to use electrical gaskets of high compliance and ampacity between the bolted terminals to enhance the current carrying capability of the electrical joints. This paper describes the material candidates selected, the tests performed, and the relative ranking of the materials tested. RP Harvey, AR (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2144 EP 2146 DI 10.1109/20.508588 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500028 ER PT J AU Taylor, CE Caspi, S AF Taylor, CE Caspi, S TI A 6.3 T bend magnet for the advanced light source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The Advanced Light Source (ALS) is a 1.5 to 1.9 GeV high-brightness electron storage ring operating at LBL that provides synchrotron radiation for a large variety of users. It is proposed to replace three of the thirty six 1.5T, one meter long bend magnets with very short high-field superconducting (SC) dipoles. These magnets would provide bend-magnet synchrotron radiation to six beamlines with a critical energy of at least 6 keV that is much better suited for protein crystallography and other small-sample x-ray diffraction and adsorption studies, than is currently available at the ALS. The magnet design is described, including coil, yoke, magnetic field analysis, and cyrostat. A prototype magnet is under construction at LBL. RP Taylor, CE (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2175 EP 2178 DI 10.1109/20.508596 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500036 ER PT J AU Barlow, DB Jason, AJ Neri, F Walstrom, PL AF Barlow, DB Jason, AJ Neri, F Walstrom, PL TI Mirror-field magnet for stripped electron sweeping SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Multi-turn injection of H- by foil stripping into an accumulator ring produces metastable neutrals that contribute to machine activation. Placing the foil in a magnetic field has been shown to greatly reduce such losses. However, the electrons associated with the H- repeatedly and destructively pass through the foil under the influence of the magnetic field, The electrons can be swept off the foil by a small circular coil placed on the surface of the injection dipole's pole face, centered on the electron's trajectory. The coil, in a ''magnetic-mirror'' configuration, will exert a downward force on the electrons causing them to be swept off the foil, limiting the electron foil interactions to one or two. Beam dynamics simulations indicate that the effect an the stored beam is minimal and that such effects can be corrected by small correction magnets in the ring. As a test of this concept a full scale prototype has been fabricated and mapped in the ''magnetic-mirror'' configuration. The measured and calculated results were found to be in good agreement. RP Barlow, DB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2179 EP 2181 DI 10.1109/20.508597 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500037 ER PT J AU Swan, JM Harvey, AR Holmes, RH Kendall, CM Yamamoto, RM Yokota, TT Tanabe, JT Schlueter, RD AF Swan, JM Harvey, AR Holmes, RH Kendall, CM Yamamoto, RM Yokota, TT Tanabe, JT Schlueter, RD TI The Pep-II B-Factory septum quadrupole magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The PEP-II B-Factory is presently engaged in the design and fabrication of several unique magnets referred to as septum quadrupoles. This family of magnets is required to contain a low energy beam of positrons (3.1 GeV) and a high energy electron beam (9.0 GeV) in adjacent beam pipes housed within a common magnet. One beam will be focused while the other passes through an almost field free region. To do this, an asymmetric magnet must be designed having a pure, high quality quadrupole field in the magnet aperture and an adjacent low field bypass channel, A current sheet or ''septum'' coil must be placed between these two regions to produce the desired magnetic results. Design of this high current density septum coil presents many challenges since space between the two vacuum beam pipes where the coil must reside is very limited, This paper will describe the overall design of the septum quadrupoles and the solutions employed to achieve the required magnetic performance. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Swan, JM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2182 EP 2185 DI 10.1109/20.508598 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500038 ER PT J AU Brown, BC Baiod, R DiMarco, J Glass, HD Harding, DJ Martin, PS Mishra, S Mokhtarani, A Orris, DF Russell, AD Tompkins, JC Walbridge, DGC AF Brown, BC Baiod, R DiMarco, J Glass, HD Harding, DJ Martin, PS Mishra, S Mokhtarani, A Orris, DF Russell, AD Tompkins, JC Walbridge, DGC TI Results on Fermilab Main Injector Dipole measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Measurements of the productions run of Fermilab Main injector Dipole magnets is underway. Redundant strength measurements provide a set of data which one can At to mechanical and magnetic properties of the assembly. Plots of the field contribution from the steel supplement the usual plots of transfer function (B/I) vs. I in providing insight into the measured results. RP Brown, BC (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2186 EP 2189 DI 10.1109/20.508599 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500039 ER PT J AU Schlueter, RD Marks, S Loper, C Halbach, K AF Schlueter, RD Marks, S Loper, C Halbach, K TI Temperature compensation in hybrid magnets with application to the Fermilab stacker and recycler ring dipole design SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Design theory of hybrid (permanent magnet plus iron) accelerator magnets with application to the proposed permanent magnet recycler and stacker rings at the Fermi National Laboratory is presented. Field stability in such devices requires that changes in the strength of the permanent magnet material with temperature be compensated. Field tuning techniques, including those employing variable capacitance between energized pole and magnet yoke and those employing variable energization of magnet pole pieces, are described. Mechanical configurations capable of achieving temperature, compensation passively, including use of expanding liquids/gases and bimetallic springs are outlined. Active configurations, relying on a actuator, in addition to temperature compensation, have the additonal benefit of enabling magnet tuning about a nominal operating field level. RP Schlueter, RD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2203 EP 2205 DI 10.1109/20.508604 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500044 ER PT J AU Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Parodi, R Baynham, E Carr, SF Cragg, DA Greenhalgh, RJG Sampson, PL OConnor, TG Fackler, O Bell, B Burgess, W Craddock, W Boyce, RF Krebs, J Yu, N Heck, JL AF Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Parodi, R Baynham, E Carr, SF Cragg, DA Greenhalgh, RJG Sampson, PL OConnor, TG Fackler, O Bell, B Burgess, W Craddock, W Boyce, RF Krebs, J Yu, N Heck, JL TI The superconducting magnet for the BABAR detector of the PEP-II B factory at SLAC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB An Aluminium stabilized, thin superconducting solenoid is required for the central field of 1.5 T for the BABAR winding is supported by an Aluminium alloy outer cylinder, which provides hoop strength to the coil. The coil has dimensions of 3 m in diameter and 3.7 m in length, The current density is graded to meet the field uniformity requirements of +/- 2%. A hexagonal flux return, comprised of barrel and two end doors provides the external flux path for the field, Additional material is required in the end caps to shield the flux from the beam line magnets, To accommodate the muon detectors, the barrel and end caps are segmented into 20 plates of different thickness. Special attention is given to the support of the coil and cryostat to account for seismic loading, The coil is indirectly cooled to 4.5 K using the liquid helium thermo-siphon technique and cooling channels welded to the support cylinder, Automatic cooldown and cryogen supply to the coil and its 40 K radiation shield is done by a helium liquefier/refrigerator via coaxial, return gas screened, flexible transfer lines. C1 RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Fabbricatore, P (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL,VIA DODECANESO 33,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2210 EP 2213 DI 10.1109/20.508606 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500046 ER PT J AU Smith, BA Minervini, JV Camille, RJ Hale, JR Olmstead, MM Zhukovsky, A West, RE Gwinn, DA Rosati, JJ Reddy, CT Diatchenko, N tenKate, HHJ Knoopers, HG Shen, SS Brooks, A Dahlgren, F AF Smith, BA Minervini, JV Camille, RJ Hale, JR Olmstead, MM Zhukovsky, A West, RE Gwinn, DA Rosati, JJ Reddy, CT Diatchenko, N tenKate, HHJ Knoopers, HG Shen, SS Brooks, A Dahlgren, F TI A pulsed magnetic field test facility for conductors and joints SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB A pulsed magnet field test facility is under construction at Massachusetts Institute of Technology for testing large scale cable-hi-conduit superconductor and joint samples. Separate, demountable split-pair solenoid and saddle coils provide a combination of fields which can be either transverse or parallel to the sample axis, The solenoid and saddle magnets together can provide transverse peak fields as high as 8.4 T, Peak parallel fields of 6.6 T can he generated with the solenoid alone, Ramp-up rates of 1.5 T/s and ramp-down rates of 20 T/s are possible, Sample currents up to 50 kA are provided by a superconducting current transformer, The sample Is connected to the transformer secondary through a pair of low resistance Joints. Supercritical helium is provided to the sample at flow rates up to 20 g/s, pressures up to 1 MPa, and temperatures from 4.7 to 10 K, Programmable logic controllers provide coordination of the magnetic field, sample current, and helium flow rate and temperature in the sample, Sample and facility instrumentation signals are processed and data is stored on a workstation-based data acquisition system with comprehensive data reduction capability, Facility details and status are described. C1 UNIV TWENTE,NL-7500 AE ENSCHEDE,NETHERLANDS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Smith, BA (reprint author), MIT,77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2292 EP 2295 DI 10.1109/20.508624 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500064 ER PT J AU Martovetsky, NN Chaplin, MR AF Martovetsky, NN Chaplin, MR TI Normal-zone detection in tokamak superconducting magnets with co-wound voltage sensors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB This paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of different locations of co-wound voltage sensors for quench detection in tokamak magnets with a cable-in-conduit conductor. The voltage sensor locations are analyzed and estimates of the anticipated noise vs, dB/dt are derived for transverse, parallel, and self fields, The LLNL Noise Rejection Experiment, also described here, is designed to verify theoretical expectations on a copper cable exposed to these fields that will stimulate the tokamak field environment. RP Martovetsky, NN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2434 EP 2437 DI 10.1109/20.511365 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500099 ER PT J AU Campbell, LJ Boenig, HJ Rickel, DG Schillig, JB Sims, JR SchneiderMuntau, HJ AF Campbell, LJ Boenig, HJ Rickel, DG Schillig, JB Sims, JR SchneiderMuntau, HJ TI Status of the NHMFL 60 Tesla quasi-continuous magnet SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM ID DESIGN AB All components of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's National High (NHMFL) 60 T quasicontinuous magnet pre now under construction, with complete delivery and installation expected in early 1996, This research magnet has a cold bore of 32 rum and will produce a constant 60 tesla for 100 ms plus a wide variety of other pulse shapes such as linear ramps, steps, crowbar decays, and longer flat-tops at lower fields, Fabrication and testing of prototype coils are described along with the layout, construction status, and protection philosophy of the 400 MW power supply, Examples of simulated pulse shapes pre shown. C1 NHMFL,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. RP Campbell, LJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,MS-E536,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2454 EP 2457 DI 10.1109/20.511369 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500103 ER PT J AU Turner, LR Nassiri, A Mills, FE Kim, S Feinerman, A AF Turner, LR Nassiri, A Mills, FE Kim, S Feinerman, A TI A micro-undulator fabricated by LIGA processes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB An undulator of period 1 mm has been designed as part of a series of studies toward table-top synchrotron radiation sources; The undulator consists of a silver conductor embedded in Poles and substrate of nickel-iron, Computations predict a field pattern of appropriate strength and quality if the current can be prevented from shunting from the silver across the nickel-iron poles, either through insulation or through slotted poles, A ten-scale model has been fabricated and measured; a full scale model has also been constructed by conventional machining techniques, but has not get been measured. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,MICROFABRICAT LAB,CHICAGO,IL 60607. RP Turner, LR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2602 EP 2604 DI 10.1109/20.511406 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500140 ER PT J AU Mulcahy, TM Hull, JR Uherka, KL Abboud, RG Wise, JH Carnegie, DW Bakis, CE Gabrys, CW AF Mulcahy, TM Hull, JR Uherka, KL Abboud, RG Wise, JH Carnegie, DW Bakis, CE Gabrys, CW TI A permanent-magnet rotor for a high-temperature superconducting bearing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Design, fabrication, and performance of a 0.39-m diam., 6.8-kg flywheel rotor with only one bearing is discussed. To achieve low-loss energy storage, the rotor's segmented-ring permanent magnet (PM) is optimized for levitation and circumferential homogeneity. A PM figure of merit is proposed that appears to correlate with loss data. Pre compression of the PM with fiber-composite banding is necessary for practical rotor speeds. C1 COMMONWEALTH RES CORP,CHICAGO,IL 60690. UGIMAG,VALPARAISO,IN 46383. PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP Mulcahy, TM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2609 EP 2612 DI 10.1109/20.511408 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500142 ER PT J AU Lue, JW Lubell, MS Aized, D Campbell, JM Schwall, RE AF Lue, JW Lubell, MS Aized, D Campbell, JM Schwall, RE TI Spontaneous quenches of a high temperature superconducting pancake coil SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB A double-pancake coil made of Bi-2223/Ag high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape was constructed with an embedded heater and graded conductors to study the stability and quench propagation in HTS coils The experiments were performed with liquid nitrogen and gaseous helium cooling in temperatures ranging from 5 to 77 K. The coil was very stable, and no ''normal'' zone was sustained or propagated with local pulsed heating However, spontaneous quenches of the coil were experienced. This was found to be the result of having the coil current higher than that of the lower I-c sections of the coil for a long time. This quench process took minutes to develop - much longer than would be expected in a low temperature superconducting coil. The quench behaved more like a spreading and continuous heating of an increasingly larger partially resistive section of the coil than like a sequential ''normal'' front propagation. C1 AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP Lue, JW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2613 EP 2616 DI 10.1109/20.511409 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500143 ER PT J AU Marks, S Akre, J Hoyer, E Humphries, D Jackson, T Minimihara, Y Pipersky, P Plate, D Schlueter, R AF Marks, S Akre, J Hoyer, E Humphries, D Jackson, T Minimihara, Y Pipersky, P Plate, D Schlueter, R TI Magnetic design of the advanced light source elliptical wiggler SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB An elliptical wiggler has been designed for installation in the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. The design has been optimized for the production of circularly polarized light in the 50 eV to 10 KeV energy range. The device will be 3.4 m long consisting of vertical and horizontal periodic structures. The period length for both is 20 cm. The vertical structure is a hybrid permanent magnet design which produces a peak field of 2.0 T. The horizontal magnetic structure is an iron core electromagnetic design shifted longitudinally by one-quarter period relative to the vertical structure; it has a peak field of 0.095 T. The polarity of the horizontal field can be switched at a rate of up to 1 Hz, which results in a modulation of the chirality of the circularly polarized radiation on-axis. This paper discusses the magnetic design and presents the results of radiation spectrum calculations used for determining optimal field parameter settings. RP Marks, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2621 EP 2624 DI 10.1109/20.511411 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500145 ER PT J AU Heim, J Kendall, M Bertolini, L Fackler, O OConnor, T Swan, T Zholents, A AF Heim, J Kendall, M Bertolini, L Fackler, O OConnor, T Swan, T Zholents, A TI Design and analysis of a wiggler magnet system for the PEP-II B-Factory LER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The Low Energy Ring (LER) of the REP-II B-Factory will use a wiggler magnet system for-emittance control and additional damping, The wiggler magnet system is a set of 11 individual iron core, water cooled, dipole magnets designed to operate at 1.6 T and generate 400 kW of synchrotron radiation. Space has been provided to add a second wiggler with an additional 400 kW of synchrotron radiation if more damping is needed in the future. A copper vacuum chamber is used with continuous antechambers connected to both sides of the beam chamber via slots. Synchrotron radiation dump surfaces and distributed vacuum pumping are located in both antechambers. We describe the design and analysis of the wiggler magnets and the salient features of the vacuum chamber and dumps. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Heim, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2625 EP 2628 DI 10.1109/20.511412 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500146 ER PT J AU Schlueter, RD Marks, S AF Schlueter, RD Marks, S TI Three-dimensional pure permanent magnet undulator design theory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM ID COBALT AB Expressions for fields due to a point charge in 3D and due to a line charge in 2D are compared. : Extensions to dipoles are made with emphasis on the relationship between dipole orientation and field component magnitudes. Differences between the effects on fields of dipole rotations in 2D and in 3D are highlighted and formulas for maximizing individual field components are given. A final macrogeometry extension is made and a closed-form expression is developed to calculate the field due to an arbitrary 3D configuration of permanent magnet (PM) blocks. The field optimization theory is applied to the design of the ALS elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU). Utilizing 3D held enhancement, peak on-axis field in practical designs can be increased typically by 5% to 40% or more over their 2D counterparts. The theory is generally applicable to any pure (i.e., no soft magnetic material) PM design. RP Schlueter, RD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2710 EP 2713 DI 10.1109/20.511434 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500168 ER PT J AU Turner, LR AF Turner, LR TI 3-D field computation: The near-triumph of commercial codes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM ID PARALLEL AB In recent years, more and more of those who design and analyze magnets and other devices are using commercial codes rather than developing their own, This paper considers the commercial codes and the features available with them, Other recent trends with 3-D field computation include parallel computation and visualization methods such as virtual reality systems. RP Turner, LR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2945 EP 2949 DI 10.1109/20.511493 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500227 ER PT J AU Caspi, S Helm, M Laslett, LJ AF Caspi, S Helm, M Laslett, LJ TI The ''INVERSE PROBLEM'' to the evaluation of magnetic fields SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB In the design of superconducting magnet elements, such as may be required to guide and focus ions in a particle accelerator, one frequently premises some particular current distribution and then proceeds to compute the consequent magnetic field through use of the laws of Blot and Savart or of Ampere, When working in this manner one of course may need to revise frequently the postulated current distribution before arriving at a resulting magnetic field of acceptable held quality, It therefore Is of interest to consider an alternative (''inverse'') procedure in which one specifies a desired character for the field required in the region interior to the winding and undertakes then to evaluate the current distribution on the specified winding surface that would provide this desired field, By evaluating the specified potential in the region interior to the winding along the interface, we have determined that a relaxation solution to the potential in the region outside the winding can be converged and used tb calculate wire location, We have demonstrated this method by applying a slightly modified version of the program POISSON to a periodic alternating sinusoidal quadrupole field. RP Caspi, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 2978 EP 2981 DI 10.1109/20.511501 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500235 ER PT J AU Bunce, G Cullen, J Danby, G Green, MA Jackson, J Jia, L Krienen, F Meier, R Meng, W Morse, W Pai, C Polk, I Prodell, A Shutt, R Snydstrup, L Yamamoto, A AF Bunce, G Cullen, J Danby, G Green, MA Jackson, J Jia, L Krienen, F Meier, R Meng, W Morse, W Pai, C Polk, I Prodell, A Shutt, R Snydstrup, L Yamamoto, A TI A progress report on the g-2 storage ring magnet system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB The 3.1 GeV muon storage ring for the g-2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory has three large solenoid magnets that form a continuous 1.451 tesla storage ring dipole with an average beam bend radius of 7.1 meters. In addition to the three storage ring solenoids, there is an inflector dipole with nested dipole coils that create very little stray magnetic field. A superconducting shield on the inflector gets rid of most of the remaining stray flux. This paper reports on the progress made on the storage ring solenoid magnet system and the inflector as of June 1995. The results of cryogenic system tests are briefly reported. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP Bunce, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 10973, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 3057 EP 3060 DI 10.1109/20.511521 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500255 ER PT J AU Glass, HD Brown, BC DiMarco, J Harding, DJ Mazur, PO Mishra, CS Mokhtarani, A Orris, DF Reid, CM Sim, JW Tompkins, JC Walbridge, DGC AF Glass, HD Brown, BC DiMarco, J Harding, DJ Mazur, PO Mishra, CS Mokhtarani, A Orris, DF Reid, CM Sim, JW Tompkins, JC Walbridge, DGC TI Flatcoil systems for measurements of Fermilab magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB A flux measurement system has been developed for measuring the integrated strength and relative shape of the magnetic field of Fermilab Main Injector dipoles. Improved field shape measurements have been obtained by constructing coil geometries which reduce the flux contribution from unwanted held derivatives. A bucking coil scheme employing reference coils in bath the test magnet and a reference magnet reduce the sensitivity to power supply fluctuations. Design strategies for various measurement requirements are described, along with the details of implementing an assembly to measure curved 6 m and 4 m dipoles. Some representative results and comparison with redundant measurement systems are presented. RP Glass, HD (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 3061 EP 3064 DI 10.1109/20.511522 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500256 ER PT J AU Ogitsu, T Terashima, A Tsuchiya, K Ganetis, G Muratore, J Wanderer, P AF Ogitsu, T Terashima, A Tsuchiya, K Ganetis, G Muratore, J Wanderer, P TI Quench observation using quench antennas on RHIC IR quadrupole magnets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-14) CY JUN 11-16, 1995 CL TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM, TAMPERE, FINLAND HO TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL, LAB ELECT & MAGNETISM AB Quench observation using quench antennas is now being performed routinely on RHIC dipole and quadrupole magnets. Recently, a quench antenna was used on a RHIC IR magnet which is heavily instrumented with voltage taps. It was confirmed that the signals detected in the antenna coils do not contradict the voltage tap signals. The antenna also detects a sign of mechanical disturbance which could be related to a training quench. This paper summarizes signals detected in the antenna and discusses possible causes of these signals. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Ogitsu, T (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 3098 EP 3101 DI 10.1109/20.511531 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UZ645 UT WOS:A1996UZ64500265 ER PT J AU Rao, NSV Protopopescu, V Mann, RC Oblow, EM Iyengar, SS AF Rao, NSV Protopopescu, V Mann, RC Oblow, EM Iyengar, SS TI Learning algorithms for feedforward networks based on finite samples SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER NEURAL NETWORKS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; APPROXIMATION; CONVERGENCE AB We present two classes of convergent algorithms for learning continuous functions and regressions that are approximated by feedforward networks. The first class of algorithms, applicable to networks with unknown weights located only in the output layer, is obtained by utilizing the potential function methods of Aizerman er al. [2]. The second class, applicable to general feedforward networks, is obtained by utilizing the classical Robbins-Monro style stochastic approximation methods. Conditions relating the sample sizes to the error bounds are derived for both classes of algorithms using martingale-type inequalities. For concreteness, the discussion is presented in terms of neural networks, but the results are applicable to general feedforward networks, in particular to wavelet networks. The algorithms can be directly adapted to concept learning problems. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT COMP SCI, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 59 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 926 EP 940 DI 10.1109/72.508936 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UZ974 UT WOS:A1996UZ97400014 PM 18263488 ER PT J AU Hauer, JF AF Hauer, JF TI Validation of phasor calculations in the macrodyne PMU for California-Oregon transmission project tests of March 1993 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 IEEE/PES Summer Meeting CY JUL 23-25, 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR SP IEEE, PES DE phasor measurements; FACTS; feedback control; prony analysis; network resonances ID SYSTEM AB Faults applied during March 1993 commissioning tests for the California-Oregon Transmission Project produced 14 Hz transient oscillations that were conspicuous in BPA's enhanced transducers at Malin, and in PG&E's Dynamic System Monitor at Table Mountain, Prony analysis of high speed fault data provided a detailed model for the underlying network resonance signal, and a basis for validating transient performance of a Macrodyne Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) at the test site. This instrument, which is closely associated with EPRI's FACTS project, provides useful insight into emerging technology for high speed digital transducers. The phasor calculations are found to be of very high quality, but filtering enhancements are recommended for broadband applications. RP Hauer, JF (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8977 J9 IEEE T POWER DELIVER JI IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1224 EP 1231 DI 10.1109/61.517475 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VB410 UT WOS:A1996VB41000009 ER PT J AU Cunningham, GS Williams, WJ AF Cunningham, GS Williams, WJ TI Vector-valued time-frequency representations SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID WIGNER DISTRIBUTION; SIGNAL ANALYSIS; WAVELET TRANSFORM; FOURIER-TRANSFORM AB Cohen's class of time-frequency distributions (TFD's), which include the spectrogram (SP), Wigner distribution (WD), and reduced interference distributions (RID's) has become widely known as a useful signal analysis tool, Recently, it has been shown that every real-valued TFD can be written as a weighted sum of SP's. The ''SP decomposition'' has been used to construct fast approximations to desirable TFD's using the SP building block, for which there exist accessible and efficient hardware and software implementations. In this paper, we introduce a class of linear, vector-valued time-frequency representations (TFR's) that are easily related to associated bilinear TFD's through the SP decomposition, We solve a least-squares signal synthesis problem on modified vector-valued TFR's that are associated with nonnegative TFD's as a weighted sum of least-squares short-time Fourier transform (STFT) signal synthesis schemes, We extend the solution to vector-valued TFR's associated with high-resolution TFD's in order to define a high-resolution alternative to STFT signal synthesis, as demonstrated by desirable properties and examples, The resulting signal synthesis methods can be realized as a weighted sum of STFT synthesis schemes, for which there exist accessible and efficient hardware and software implementations. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Cunningham, GS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DX3 HYDRODYNAM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Cunningham, Gregory/F-1017-2011 OI Cunningham, Gregory/0000-0001-8819-4345 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1642 EP 1656 DI 10.1109/78.510613 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UY540 UT WOS:A1996UY54000004 ER PT J AU Rice, SF Hunter, TB Ryden, AC Hanush, RG AF Rice, SF Hunter, TB Ryden, AC Hanush, RG TI Raman spectroscopic measurement of oxidation in supercritical water .1. Conversion of methanol to formaldehyde SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID KINETIC DATA-BASE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN; MECHANISM; PATHWAYS; REACTOR AB The oxidation rate of methanol and the subsequent production and destruction of the primary intermediate, formaldehyde, were investigated using Raman spectroscopy as an in situ analytical method. Experiments were conducted in supercritical water over temperatures ranging from 440 to 500 degrees C at 24.1 MPa and at a nominal feed concentration of 0.05 mol/L (1.5 wt %). Effluent samples were also examined using gas chromatography. In these experiments, feed concentrations ranging from 0.011 to 1.2 wt % and temperatures from 430 to 500 degrees C were examined and showed that the effective first-order reaction rate for the oxidation of methanol is dependent on the initial feed concentration. Raman measurements reveal a temperature-dependent induction period of less than 1 s over the range of conditions investigated. In addition, quantitative measurements of the production of formaldehyde indicate it is a key metastable intermediate. An elementary reaction mechanism, which reproduces accurately the quantitative features of methanol oxidation and formaldehyde production, is used to identify key rate controlling reactions during the induction period and the transition to the primary oxidation path. RP Rice, SF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,POB 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 45 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 2161 EP 2171 DI 10.1021/ie950510f PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UW700 UT WOS:A1996UW70000011 ER PT J AU Mullica, DF Sappenfield, EL Abraham, MM Chakoumakos, BC Boatner, LA AF Mullica, DF Sappenfield, EL Abraham, MM Chakoumakos, BC Boatner, LA TI Structural investigations of several LnVO(4) compounds SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE crystal structures; lanthanide complexes; orthovanadate commplexes; eight-fold coordination complexes ID EARTH AB Refinements of the crystallographic structures of SmVO4, EuVO4, GdVO4 and DyVO4 have been carried out by means of three-dimensional single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. These orthovanadate compounds crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4(1)/amd (Z = 4) with respective lattice constants of a = 7.2647(9), 7.2358(7), 7.2122(7), 7.1429(8) Angstrom and c = 6.384(1), 6.362(1), 6.346(2), 6.300(2) Angstrom. Anisotropic refinements of the structural data using a full-matrix least-squares program yielded final reliability (R) factors of 0.026, 0.049, 0.042 and 0.041 based on 266, 273, 261 and 220 unique reflections for Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd and Dy, respectively. The lanthanide (Ln) atoms are eight-coordinated to oxygen atoms with two unique Ln-O bond lengths. These non-equivalent vertices form two bisphenoidal sets. A distorted triangulated dodecahedron is produced by connecting the oxygen vertices. The orthovanadate group in each compound is a distorted tetrahedron. Important crystal data, parameters, bond lengths and angles are tabulated. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Mullica, DF (reprint author), BAYLOR UNIV,DEPT CHEM,POB 97348,WACO,TX 76798, USA. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 20 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 248 IS 1 BP 85 EP 88 DI 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04971-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA UW421 UT WOS:A1996UW42100013 ER PT J AU Belikov, SV White, S Gutnikov, YE Denisov, AG Dyachkov, AI Zharkov, VV Kistenev, EP Kochetkov, VI Makeev, AV Mayatskii, VA Melnikov, EA Usachev, AP AF Belikov, SV White, S Gutnikov, YE Denisov, AG Dyachkov, AI Zharkov, VV Kistenev, EP Kochetkov, VI Makeev, AV Mayatskii, VA Melnikov, EA Usachev, AP TI Characteristics of molded polystyrene scintillator for electromagnetic calorimeter of the PHENIX apparatus SO INSTRUMENTS AND EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB Parameters of molded polystyrene scintillator for the PHENIX electromagnetic calorimeter are studied at various compositions and concentrations of scintillation fluor dopants (PT, PPO, and BO as primary dopants; POPOP and BF-203 as secondary dopants). Values of Light yield and attenuation length in the scintillation tiles are presented. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of the scintillation dopants are shown. The effect of aluminizing the sides of the tiles upon the light yield in the tiles is examined. The light yield from a relativistic particle is measured for a prototype of the EMCal module. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. AO POLIMERSINTEZ,VLADIMIR,RUSSIA. RP Belikov, SV (reprint author), INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA CONSULTANTS BUREAU 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0020-4412 J9 INSTRUM EXP TECH+ JI Instrum. Exp. Tech. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 498 EP 505 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VL029 UT WOS:A1996VL02900005 ER PT J AU Rajagopal, KR Maneschy, CE Massoudi, M AF Rajagopal, KR Maneschy, CE Massoudi, M TI Inhomogeneous deformations in finite thermo-elasticity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOTIONS; LAYER AB First, we study the inhomogeneous extension or compression of non-linearly elastic materials within the context of finite thermoelasticity. We consider a generalization of the classical neo-Hookean model in which the shear modulus is allowed to depend on the temperature. This is an extension of the analysis of Rajagopal and Wineman ([23] int. J. Engng Sci. 23, 217 (1985)) on the isothermal inhomogeneous uniaxial extension of a slab of neo-Hookean or Mooney-Rivlin material, for which they were able to find explicit exact solutions. Permitting the shear modulus to depend on temperature allows ''boundary layer'' type of solutions, in that the deformation is inhomogeneous near the boundary and nearly homogeneous away from the boundary. It is found that the strains within the ''boundary layer'' are much higher than in the far field, which might justify calling these layers, regions of localized strain. Next, we study, within the context of finite thermoelasticity, the radial expansion and axial shearing of a hollow circular cylinder, an extension of the recent study of Haughton ([20] Int. J. Engng Sci. 30, 1027 (1992)) wherein he found ''boundary layer'' type solutions even in the isothermal case. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 FED UNIV PARA,DEPT MECH ENGN,BR-66075900 BELEM,PARA,BRAZIL. US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. RP Rajagopal, KR (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MECH ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261, USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7225 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1005 EP 1017 DI 10.1016/0020-7225(95)00136-0 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA VB155 UT WOS:A1996VB15500003 ER PT J AU Zeng, JSQ Stevens, PC Hunt, AJ Grief, R Lee, DH AF Zeng, JSQ Stevens, PC Hunt, AJ Grief, R Lee, DH TI Thin-film-heater thermal conductivity apparatus and measurement of thermal conductivity of silica aerogel SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB An apparatus was developed for the measurement of thermal conductivity under steady conditions. The apparatus uses a 10 nm thick gold film heater that is coated on a polyester sheet. The important advantages of this heater are spatial uniformity of the heat generation and a small thickness. The apparatus is compact and has only a small edge loss of heat. The apparatus was used to measure the thermal conductivity of silica aerogel. The heat transfer modes in silica aerogel include gas and solid conduction and thermal radiation. The experiments provide results for the total heat transfer and hence, total (apparent) thermal conductivity. The separate solid and radiative contributions were obtained from analyses of the energy transfer. The solid conductivity of silica aerogel Varies with temperature more slowly than the radiative conductivity does. The Rosseland absorption coefficient of silica aerogel decreases with temperature. Assuming one-dimensional heat transfer, the uncertainty of the results for the thermal conductivity is about 5.5%. A three-dimensional analysis is used to evaluate the validity of the assumption of one-dimensional heal transfer in the apparatus. The results shows that the assumption of one-dimensional heat transfer in the apparatus results in a reduction of the thermal conductivity of 1.7% at 20 degrees C and a 7.3% reduction at 90 degrees C. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INJE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,KIMHAE KYONGNAM,SOUTH KOREA. RP Zeng, JSQ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 11 BP 2311 EP 2317 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UH991 UT WOS:A1996UH99100012 ER PT J AU Forrestal, MJ Frew, DJ Hanchak, SJ Brar, NS AF Forrestal, MJ Frew, DJ Hanchak, SJ Brar, NS TI Penetration of grout and concrete targets with ogive-nose steel projectiles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE penetration; concrete targets; ogive-nose steel; nose erosion; striking velocities; compressive strength AB We conducted depth of penetration experiments into grout and concrete targets with ogive-nose steel projectiles. Powder guns launched 0.064 kg, 12.9 mm diameter projectiles into grout targets with unconfined compressive strengths of 13.5 MPa (2.0 ksi) and 21.6 MPa (3.1 ksi). For the concrete targets, powder guns launched projectiles with length-to-diameter ratios of 10; a 0.48 kg, 20.3 mm diameter rod, and a 1.60 kg, 30.5 mm diameter rod. Concrete targets had unconfined compressive strength of 62.8 MPa (9.1 ksi)for the 0.48 kg rods and unconfined compressive strength of 51.0 MPa (7.4 ksi)for the 1.60 kg rods. For these experiments, penetration depth increased as striking velocity increased until nose erosion became excessive. Thus, we determined experimentally the striking velocities corresponding to maximum penetration depths. Predictions from a previously published model are in good agreement with data until nose erosion becomes excessive. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP Forrestal, MJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 142 Z9 239 U1 3 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 18 IS 5 BP 465 EP 476 DI 10.1016/0734-743X(95)00048-F PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA UK317 UT WOS:A1996UK31700001 ER PT J AU Tonn, BE AF Tonn, BE TI An algorithmic approach to combining belief functions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID UNCERTAINTY MEASURES; PROBABILITY; COMBINATION AB Methods of combination are used to synthesize pieces of evidence of equal standing that represent different aspects of a specific system about which a diagnosis is to be made. Combination is distinct from consensus, when complete diagnoses rendered by different knowledge sources require synthesis, and conditionalization, where pieces of evidence to be synthesized have dissymmetric relationships to each other. The Dempster-Shafer Rule is the quintessential combination method. However, it has been criticized for its inability to handle inconsistent pieces of evidence and for the way it focuses the weight of evidence. This article presents an alternative combination method that is capable of handling inconsistent evidence and relates evidence focusing to the amount of information resident in pieces of evidence. The method is capable of combining belief functions. Future research should address extending the method to the combination of a broad class of imprecise probability functions. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Tonn, BE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,NATL CTR ENVIRONM DECIS MAKING RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0884-8173 J9 INT J INTELL SYST JI Int. J. Intell. Syst. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 463 EP 476 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-111X(199607)11:7<463::AID-INT3>3.0.CO;2-K PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA UU219 UT WOS:A1996UU21900003 ER PT J AU Volf, V Burgada, R Raymond, KN Durbin, PW AF Volf, V Burgada, R Raymond, KN Durbin, PW TI Treatment with 3,4,3-LIHOPO of simulated wounds contaminated with plutonium and americium in rat SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHELATION-THERAPY; DTPA; PU-238; AM-241; DFOA AB The effect of a siderophore analogue 3,4,3-LIHOPO has been investigated in rat after intramuscular injection of Pu-238, Pu-239 and Am-241 simulating puncture wounds. Various treatment regimens were used to remove the radioactivity from its injection site and to reduce its retention in body tissues. The local deposits could be reduced to 9% of that in untreated controls by a single local injection of 30 mu mol kg(-1) 3,4,3-LIHOPO administered 1 day after the actinides. Tissue retention of radioactivity was most effectively reduced (to 3% of controls) by continuous subcutaneous infusion of 3,4,3-LIHOPO (3 mu mol kg(-1) day(-1)), starting immediately after the injection of actinides and continuing for 2 weeks. The administration of 3,4,3-LIHOPO in drinking water was least effective. Treatment efficacy was substantially higher with Pu-238 than with an equal activity of Pu-239 (the Pu-239 mass, however, was almost 300 times lower than that of Pu-239). Accordingly, the biokinetics and removal of Am-241 changed when it was injected with Pu-239 instead of Pu-238. Continuous infusion of 3,4,3-LIHOPO (3 mu mol kg(-1) day(-1)), starting 4 and 30 days after intramuscular injection of Pu-238 and Am-241 reduced their femoral retention after 1 month to 20 and 60% of controls respectively; whole-body retention of Am-241 was reduced to 20 and 70% of controls respectively. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INST TOXIKOL,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. UNIV PARIS 06,LAB CHIM ORGANOELEMENTS,F-75252 PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Volf, V (reprint author), NATL INST PUBL HLTH,CTR IND HYG & OCCUPAT DIS,SROBAROVA 48,PRAGUE 10042,CZECH REPUBLIC. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 70 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1080/095530096145382 PG 6 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VA163 UT WOS:A1996VA16300013 PM 8691030 ER PT J AU Beyerlein, IJ Phoenix, SL Sastry, AM AF Beyerlein, IJ Phoenix, SL Sastry, AM TI Comparison of shear-lag theory and continuum fracture mechanics for modeling fiber and matrix stresses in an elastic cracked composite lamina SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID UNIDIRECTIONAL COMPOSITES AB This study analyzes fiber tensile and matrix shear stresses near the crack tip ina transversely cracked, unidirectional, fiber-reinforced lamina under a remote tensile stress applied in the fiber direction. The two-dimensional lamina consists of parallel, equally-spaced elastic fibers with elastic matrix in-between, and contains a row of up to a few hundred contiguous fiber breaks aligned transverse to the fiber direction forming a central transverse crack. Using the break-influence superposition (BIS) technique, a recently developed method for analyzing a shear-lag model first introduced by Hedgepeth, we calculate the tensile and shear stress concentrations in the fibers and matrix, respectively. These are compared to tensile and shear stresses calculated using Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and the complete elasticity solution both for the continuum limit of a homogeneous, orthotropic elastic material with a transverse central crack loaded in Mode I. For the shear-lag model a critical scaling parameter for examining the stress behavior away from the crack tip along the fiber direction is root E*/G*, where E* and G* are composite in-plane stiffness constants along the fiber direction and in shear, respectively. In addition to these parameters, the LEFM and complete elasticity solutions also involve the effective transverse stiffness and Poisson's ratio. For a sizable crack (consisting of 100 or more fiber breaks), the fiber tensile stresses ahead of the crack tip along the crack plane calculated from the BIS approach achieve excellent agreement with the LEFM solution down to the scale of one fiber diameter and even better agreement with the complete solution both in the near crack tip field and far field, regardless of the composite stiffness constants. The profiles of the fiber tensile and matrix shear stresses along the fiber direction show generally good agreement, with the agreement improving as the composite stiffness transverse to the fiber direction grows. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87111. RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT THEORET & APPL MECH,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Shin, Hosop/B-7381-2015 NR 29 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 18 BP 2543 EP 2574 DI 10.1016/0020-7683(95)00172-7 PG 32 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UN175 UT WOS:A1996UN17500001 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Liu, C Rosakis, AJ AF Huang, Y Liu, C Rosakis, AJ TI Transonic crack growth along a bimaterial interface: An investigation of the asymptotic structure of near-tip fields SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID MECHANICS AB Transonic interfacial crack growth in bimaterial systems is analysed, and the asymptotic field around the moving crack tip is obtained by the straightforward approach of analytic continuation. The power of singularity is less than 1/2 for anti-plane shear deformation. For in-plane deformation, the power of singularity can be real or complex, depending on the speed of the crack tip. Across the Rayleigh wave speed, the real part of the power has a jump of - 1/2, and the imaginary part approaches infinity. The stresses are singular, not only around the crack lip, but also on an entire ray moving with the crack tip. These observations are illustrated by examples using PMMA/steel and Al/Al2O3 bimaterial systems. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CALTECH,GRAD AERONAUT LABS,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN & ENGN MECH,HOUGHTON,MI 49931, USA. RI Huang, Yonggang/B-6998-2009 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 18 BP 2625 EP 2645 PG 21 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UN175 UT WOS:A1996UN17500005 ER PT J AU Samuel, MA AF Samuel, MA TI vertical bar Delta I vertical bar=1/2 rule in the standard model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ESTIMATING PERTURBATIVE COEFFICIENTS; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; STATISTICAL PHYSICS; PADE APPROXIMANTS; QCD; TRANSITIONS AB We consider the K --> pi pi amplitudes in the Standard Model. We show that the infamous \Delta I\ = 1/2 rule can be explained by using Fade approximants to sum the diverging QCD perturbation series. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Samuel, MA (reprint author), OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0020-7748 J9 INT J THEOR PHYS JI Int. J. Theor. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1389 EP 1392 DI 10.1007/BF02084948 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VA925 UT WOS:A1996VA92500010 ER PT J AU Mulvihill, ML Park, SE Risch, G Li, ZA Uchino, K Shrout, TR AF Mulvihill, ML Park, SE Risch, G Li, ZA Uchino, K Shrout, TR TI The role of processing variables in the flux growth of lead zinc niobate-lead titanate relaxor ferroelectric single crystals SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article DE lead zinc niobate; lead titanate; relaxer ferroelectric; single crystal; transducers; piezoelectrics; flux growth ID PB(ZN1/3NB2/3)O3; SYSTEM AB Relaxer ferroelectric single crystals of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) are of interest as high performance transducers due to their very large piezoelectric coupling and dielectric properties. A high temperature flux solution method was used to grow (1-x)PZN-(x)PT, where x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.15 single crystals. Processing conditions were optimized to increase the size and yield of the perovskite crystals, including variation of the flux to composition ratio, cooling rate, soak time and soak temperature. The crystals varied in size from 0.01 cm to 1.5 cm on an edge, and in color from opaque to brown due to the changes in processing conditions. The crystals were characterized by XRD, dielectric constant and dielectric loss measurements. As the content of PT increased the transition from the paraelectric to the ferroelectric phase approached first order behavior and the crystal structure transformed from rhombohedral to tetragonal. This structure transition caused the lattice constant along the c-axis to elongate as the cia ratio increased. At room temperature, the dielectric constants for the PZN-PT compositions along the [111] or [001] axes were as great as 5000 and the dielectric losses were as low as 0.01. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Mulvihill, ML (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 13 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 17 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 3984 EP 3990 DI 10.1143/JJAP.35.3984 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VA318 UT WOS:A1996VA31800038 ER PT J AU Currier, RP Devlin, DJ Morzinski, J AF Currier, RP Devlin, DJ Morzinski, J TI Dynamics of chemical vapor infiltration in carbon fiber bundles SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POROUS CERAMIC MATERIALS; KNUDSEN DIFFUSIVITIES; SILICON-CARBIDE; COMPOSITES; MEDIA; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; DENSIFICATION; DEPOSITION; TRANSITION AB A practical one-dimensional model is developed for chemical vapor infiltration in cylindrical fiber bundles. Modeling assumptions are supported by new experimental data which support neglect of reactant influx through the bundle ends. The model assumes deposition rates are proportional to accessible solid surface area and reactant concentration. The evolution of the accessible fraction of the solid phase is obtained using scaled particle theory expressions for partially overlapping cylinders. Power law relationships suggested by percolation theory are used to relate the fraction of accessible porosity to the total porosity. Physical arguments are employed to estimate the power law parameters. Previously published data on the infiltration of carbon fiber bundles (using methane as a matrix precursor) are used to estimate the kinetic parameters. Favorable agreement is then seen between experimentally measured weight gain data and pseudo-steady-state calculations. The model also accounts for the sensitivity to initial bundle porosity and accurately predicts final bundle porosities over a range of temperatures. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP Currier, RP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV ENGN & APPL SCI,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 SN 1070-9789 J9 J ADV MATER JI J. Adv. Mater. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 4 BP 13 EP 24 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VJ732 UT WOS:A1996VJ73200003 ER PT J AU Crain, JS Kiely, JT AF Crain, JS Kiely, JT TI Waste reduction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using flow injection and a direct injection nebulizer SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; flow injection; direct injection nebulization; waste reduction ID POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS; ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY; SAMPLE INTRODUCTION; LIQUID SAMPLES AB Liquid waste was reduced by 52% when flow injection-direct injection nebulization (FI-DIN) was used in place of continuous pneumatic nebulization (CPN) for the analysis of hazardous and/or radioactive solutions by ICP-MS. The FI-DIN analyses were also 33% faster. Instrumental limits of detection obtained with FI-DIN and CPN were comparable for Cd, Pb, and U. Some statistically significant differences between FI-DIN and CPN determinations were observed, but only in the case of Ni were these differences attributed to the choice of nebulizer. RP Crain, JS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ANALYT CHEM LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 525 EP 527 DI 10.1039/ja9961100525 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UY744 UT WOS:A1996UY74400012 ER PT J AU Seager, CH Anderson, RA AF Seager, CH Anderson, RA TI Charge state control of hydrogenation in silicon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE SILICON; COMPLEXES; DISSOCIATION; PASSIVATION; DIFFUSION AB We demonstrate that periodic exposure to zero bias during in situ hydrogenation of reverse-biased p-type Schottky barrier structures has dramatic effects on H penetration. H influx can be slowed or even stopped by such protocols. By contrast, similar pulsing techniques produce almost no changes of penetration in n-type barriers during hydrogenation; this latter observation is in sharp contrast to the expectations that charge conversion from H+ to H- would reverse the drift of H species. We suggest that these effects are caused by the charge conversion of relatively immobile H-related defects. In the p-type barriers this results in a weakening or reversal of the near surface electric field, effectively stopping the drift of H+ into the bulk. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 151 EP 155 DI 10.1063/1.362825 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU532 UT WOS:A1996UU53200022 ER PT J AU Kisielowski, C Calawa, AR LilientalWeber, Z AF Kisielowski, C Calawa, AR LilientalWeber, Z TI The effect of excess gallium vacancies in low-temperature GaAs/AlAs/GaAs:Si heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BEAM-EPITAXIAL GAAS; POINT-DEFECTS; DIFFUSION; ENERGIES AB This article shows that the presence of low-temperature-grown GaAs (LT-GaAs) in LT-GaAs/A1As/ GaAs:Si heterostructures increases the Al/Ga interdiffusion at the heterostructure interfaces. The interdiffusion enhancement is attributed to the presence of Ca vacancies (V-Ga) in the As-rich LT-GaAs, which diffuses from a supersaturation of V-Ga frozen-in during sample growth. Chemical mapping, which distinguishes between the AlAs and GaAs lattices at an atomic scale, is used to measure the Al concentration gradient in adjacent GaAs:Si layers. A correlation is observed between the Al/Ga interdiffusion and the gate breakdown voltage in metal-insulator field-effect transistor structures containing LT-GaAs. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,LINCOLN LAB,LEXINGTON,MA 02173. RP Kisielowski, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 156 EP 160 DI 10.1063/1.362742 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU532 UT WOS:A1996UU53200023 ER PT J AU Fukumoto, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Suenaga, M Fischer, DA Shibutani, K Hase, T Hayashi, S AF Fukumoto, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Suenaga, M Fischer, DA Shibutani, K Hase, T Hayashi, S TI Effect of oxygen partial pressure during postheat treatment on Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy/Ag tapes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Effects of oxygen partial pressure P-O2 during low temperature postheat treatments on the superconducting properties of silver-sheathed Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy tapes were investigated. The critical temperature T-c of the resulting tapes changes systematically with P-O2. This variation of T-c is attributed to the change of electronic carrier (hole) concentration by the observation of oxygen K-edge absorption spectra. The intragranular critical current density J(c) is essentially unaffected by the heat treatment, while deterioration in grain connectivity is observed in the specimens treated in reduced-oxygen atmospheres. The change of anisotropy in J(c) with respect to crystallographic orientations is also quite small for the variation of P-O2. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. KOBE STEEL LTD,ELECTR RES LAB,NISHI KU,KOBE 65122,JAPAN. RP Fukumoto, Y (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1063/1.362824 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU532 UT WOS:A1996UU53200050 ER PT J AU Ingerly, DB Swenson, D Jan, CH Chang, YA AF Ingerly, DB Swenson, D Jan, CH Chang, YA TI Phase equilibria of the Ga-Ni-As ternary system SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OHMIC CONTACTS; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS AB Phase equilibria were investigated in the Ga-Ni-As ternary system, with particular emphasis on the regions of technological importance to Ni/GaAs electrical contacts. A 600 degrees C Gibbs isotherm was constructed using x-ray-diffraction analysis and electron probe microanalysis of annealed samples. Additionally, three isopleths (NiAs-GaAs, NiGa-NiAs, and NiGa-GaAs) and a partial liquidus projection were established using differential thermal analysis and metallography. These data were utilized to clarify some discrepancies in the literature pertaining to the constitution of the Ga-Ni-As system, particularly questions about the existence of ternary phases. It was demonstrated that at 600 degrees C, previously reported ternary phases were actually specific compositions of the binary phase, NiAs, which exhibits significant ternary solubility. Additional x-ray-diffraction and differential thermal analysis experiments suggested that superlattice structures based on the NiAs structure may become stable at lower temperatures. A ternary eutectic reaction was shown to occur at 810+/-5 degrees C, with eutectic point at the composition Ni(0.48)Ga(0.30)AS(0.22). The existence of this eutectic reaction has important ramifications for the development of Ni-based electrical contacts to GaAs because any metallization scheme with a composition within the region bounded by NiGa, NiAs, and GaAs, as well as elemental Ni, will experience at least partial liquid formation at temperatures greater than 810 degrees C. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. INTEL CORP,PORTLAND TECHNOL DEV,HILLSBORO,OR 97124. RP Ingerly, DB (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1509 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 543 EP 550 DI 10.1063/1.362758 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU532 UT WOS:A1996UU53200083 ER PT J AU Zou, J Schrader, GL AF Zou, J Schrader, GL TI Multicomponent thin film molybdate catalysts for the selective oxidation of 1,3-butadiene SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE; C-4 HYDROCARBONS; PROPYLENE OXIDATION; NICKEL MOLYBDATE; OXIDE CATALYSTS; EXCESS MOO3; OXYGEN; COOPERATION; CONVERSION; 1-BUTENE AB The selective oxidation of 1,3-butadiene was examined over single and multiphase NiMoO4-MoO3 thin film catalysts prepared by reactive sputtering. Previous studies of precipitated catalysts have indicated that synergism occurs for these multicomponent materials: sputtered films behaved similarly but tended to be more active and selective. XRD, LRS, XRF, XPS, SEM, and TEM were used to characterize the alpha-MoO3 and alpha-NiMoO4 thin films; for most bilayer materials, an additional phase, beta-NiMoO4 was present in an interfacial region. Selectivity for furan, 2(5H)-furanone, and maleic anhydride was enhanced by the preparation of the materials as layered films. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM ENGN, CTR INTERFACIAL MAT & CRYSTALLIZAT, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 61 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 161 IS 2 BP 667 EP 686 DI 10.1006/jcat.1996.0229 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA VC880 UT WOS:A1996VC88000020 ER PT J AU Logan, J AF Logan, J TI From graphical analysis to multilinear regression analysis of reversible radioligand binding - Reply SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Letter RP Logan, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 751 EP 752 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA UU348 UT WOS:A1996UU34800029 ER PT J AU Faulon, JL AF Faulon, JL TI Stochastic generator of chemical structure .2. Using simulated annealing to search the space of constitutional isomers SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th ICCCRE Meeting CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION; GENETIC ALGORITHM; LARGE MOLECULES; DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; PERCEPTION; ALKANES AB While there have been many theoretical and applied studies to explore the space of conformational isomers, little has been reported regarding constitutional (i.e., structural) isomers. Deterministic algorithms have been proposed in the past but are limited to small molecules because constitutional space sizes scale exponentially with the number of atoms. The present paper proposes a stochastic algorithm based on the simulated annealing method that searches constitutional isomers with desired properties. The algorithm is general enough to be used for any class of organic and inorganic compounds, including cyclic and crosslinked structures. Theoretically, the algorithm is shown to be efficient (i.e., polynomial). Practically, the algorithm performs remarkably well even in very large constitutional space sizes (up to 10(32)). Applications of this algorithm are suggested in the context of computer-aided molecular design. The practical examples given in the paper include the search for structures having specific topological indices, the search for structures having low log P (octanol/water) partition coefficient, and the search for global minimum of energy in constitutional spaces. The proposed algorithm appears to be the first one that searches chemical structures without restricting the search space. RP Faulon, JL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0095-2338 J9 J CHEM INF COMP SCI JI J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 36 IS 4 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1021/ci950179a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA VA568 UT WOS:A1996VA56800017 ER PT J AU Speedy, RJ Debenedetti, PG Smith, RS Huang, C Kay, BD AF Speedy, RJ Debenedetti, PG Smith, RS Huang, C Kay, BD TI The evaporation rate, free energy, and entropy of amorphous water at 150 K SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-SURFACE SCATTERING; GLASS-TRANSITION; HEAT-CAPACITY; ICE; ADSORPTION; ENTHALPY; AU(111); NH3; H2O AB Measurement of the rates of evaporation of amorphous water (a) and ice (i) near 150 K can be interpreted as giving a measure of their free energy difference, Delta(i)(a)G (150 K) = 1100+/-100 J/mol, which, together with the known enthalpy difference and heat capacity data, suggests a residual entropy difference of Delta(i)(a)S (0) = -0.7+/-2.2 J/(K mol) at absolute zero. Previous theoretical estimates of Delta(i)(a)S (0), which are much larger, did not allow the amorph to be connected with normal liquid water by a reversible thermodynamic path at atmospheric pressure. The present value allows such a connection. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. VICTORIA UNIV WELLINGTON,DEPT CHEM,WELLINGTON,NEW ZEALAND. PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RI Smith, Scott/G-2310-2015 OI Smith, Scott/0000-0002-7145-1963 NR 42 TC 208 Z9 209 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 240 EP 244 DI 10.1063/1.471869 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU156 UT WOS:A1996UU15600023 ER PT J AU Melchionna, S Ciccotti, G Holian, BL AF Melchionna, S Ciccotti, G Holian, BL TI Constant pressure molecular dynamics algorithms - Comment SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID SYSTEMS C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Melchionna, S (reprint author), UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,INFM,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00185 ROME,ITALY. RI Melchionna, Simone/J-2359-2012 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 346 EP 347 DI 10.1063/1.471879 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU156 UT WOS:A1996UU15600034 ER PT J AU Aslam, TD Bdzil, JB Stewart, DS AF Aslam, TD Bdzil, JB Stewart, DS TI Level set methods applied to modeling detonation shock dynamics SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MEAN-CURVATURE; MOTION AB We give an extension of the level set formulation of Osher and Sethian, which describes the dynamics of surfaces that propagate under the influence of their own curvature. We consider an extension of their original algorithms for finite domains that includes boundary conditions. We discuss this extension in the context of a specific application that comes from the theory of detonation shock dynamics (DSD). We give an outline of the theory of DSD which includes the formulation of the boundary conditions that comprise the engineering model. We give the formulation of the level set method, as applied to our application with finite boundary conditions. We develop a numerical method to implement arbitrarily complex 2D boundary conditions and give a few representative calculations. We also discuss the dynamics of level curve motion and point out restrictions that arise when applying boundary conditions. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 22 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 126 IS 2 BP 390 EP 409 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0145 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA UW363 UT WOS:A1996UW36300011 ER PT J AU Hosking, FM Yost, FG Holm, EA Michael, JR AF Hosking, FM Yost, FG Holm, EA Michael, JR TI Solder flow on narrow copper strips SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE capillary flow; printed wiring board; solderability AB Various solderability tests have been developed over the years to quantify the wetting behavior of solder on metallic surfaces. None offer an exact measure of capillary flow normally associated with conventional plated-through-hole and surface mount soldering. With shrinking package designs, increasing reliability requirements, and the emergence of new soldering technologies, there is a growing need to better understand and predict the flow of solder on printed wiring board (PWB) surfaces. Sandia National Laboratories has developed a capillary flow solderability test, through a joint effort with the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences, that considers this fundamental wetting issue for surface mount technology. The test geometry consists of a metal strip (width, delta) connected to a circular metal pad (radius, r(c)). Solder flow from the pad onto the strip depends on the geometric relationship between delta and r(c). Test methodology, experimental results, and validation of a flow model are presented in this paper. RP Hosking, FM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,MS-1411,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016 OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1099 EP 1107 DI 10.1007/BF02659910 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA UW207 UT WOS:A1996UW20700014 ER PT J AU Narayanaswami, L Richards, GA AF Narayanaswami, L Richards, GA TI Pressure gain combustion .1. Model development SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PULSE COMBUSTION AB A model for aerodynamically valved pulse combustion is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on using the model equations to identify characteristic length and time scales relevant to the design of pressure-gain combustors for fas turbine applications. The model is a control volume description of conservation laws for several regions of the pulse combustor. Combustion is modeled as a bimolecular reaction. Mixing between the fresh charge and the combustion products is modeled using a turbulent eddy time estimated from the combustor geometry and flow conditions. The model equations identify two characteristic lengths, which should be held constant during combustor scaleup, as well as certain exceptions to this approach. The effect of ambient operating pressure and inlet air temperature is also discussed. C1 EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114. US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507. RP Narayanaswami, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE UNIV FAC,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114, USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 461 EP 468 DI 10.1115/1.2816668 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000001 ER PT J AU Richards, GA Gemmen, RS AF Richards, GA Gemmen, RS TI Pressure-gain combustion .2. Experimental and model results SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PULSE AB An experimental investigation of aerovalve pulse combustion is presented. The experimental measurements compare favorably with model predictions from a control-volume analysis of the pulse combustor. Particular emphasis is placed on the mean pressure differences through the combustor as an indicator of the so-called pressure gain performance. Both the operating conditions and combustor geometry are investigated. It is shown that complex fluid/combustion interactions within the combustor make it difficult to isolate the effect of geometric change. A scaling rule developed from the control-volume analysis is used to produce a combustor geometry capable of producing pressure gain. RP Richards, GA (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 880,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 469 EP 473 DI 10.1115/1.2816669 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000002 ER PT J AU Ellingson, WA Rothermel, SA Simpson, JF AF Ellingson, WA Rothermel, SA Simpson, JF TI Nondestructive characterization of ceramic composites used as combustor liners in advanced gas turbines SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX AB Nondestructive characterization (NDC) methods, which can provide full-field information about components prior to and during use, are critical to the reliable application of continuous fiber ceramic matrix composites in high-firing-temperature (> 1350 degrees C) gas turbines. [For combustor liners, although they are nonmechanical load-bearing components, both thermal characteristics and mechanical integrity are vitally important.] NDC methods being developed to provide necessary information include x-ray computed tomography (mainly for through-wall density and delamination detection), infrared-based thermal diffusivity imaging, and single-wall through-transmission x-ray imaging (mainly for fiber content and alignment detection). Correlation of the data obtained from NDC methods with subscale combustor liner tests have shown positive results at thermal cycling temperatures from 700 degrees C to 1177 degrees C. C1 SOLAR TURBINES INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP Ellingson, WA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 486 EP 490 DI 10.1115/1.2816672 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000005 ER PT J AU Bemis, RA Shiloh, K Ellingson, WA AF Bemis, RA Shiloh, K Ellingson, WA TI Nondestructive evaluation of thermally shocked silicon carbide by impact acoustic resonance SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX AB Monolithic ceramics are under consideration as structural components for hot-stage section of gas-fired turbine engines. In addition to manufacturing quality control, other important aspects for this application include life prediction modeling and time between engine overhauls. One nondestructive evaluation (NDE) method that provides information about material condition involves an analysis of resonant vibrations. In previous work by this general approach, changes in modal parameters have been related to bulk defect mechanisms such as microcracking due to thermal shock damage. In this work resonant vibrations from monolithic ceramic specimens were excited by an instrumented impact hammer and detected by a noncontact acoustic microphone over frequencies up to 100 kHz. Computer-based analysis of vibration signatures from test specimens allowed extraction of modal frequencies and damping constants. Downward shifts in detected resonant frequencies and increases in internal friction or (specific) damping capacity measurements were obtained from SiC cylindrical rings, and these measurements were shown to relate to thermal shock severity. This NDE method not only provides measurable parameters that could be used as accept-reject criteria for in-line process inspection, it also provides a means for tracking the mechanical integrity of in-service engine components to support life prediction modeling. C1 SOREQ NUCL RES CTR,IL-70600 YAVNE,ISRAEL. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Bemis, RA (reprint author), CATERPILLAR INC,PEORIA,IL 60482, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 491 EP 494 DI 10.1115/1.2816673 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000006 ER PT J AU Judkins, RR Stinton, DP Smith, RG Fischer, EM Eaton, JH Weaver, BL Kahnke, JL Pysher, DJ AF Judkins, RR Stinton, DP Smith, RG Fischer, EM Eaton, JH Weaver, BL Kahnke, JL Pysher, DJ TI Development of ceramic composite hot-gas filters SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX ID CORROSION; DEGRADATION AB A novel type of hot-gas filter based on a ceramic fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix was developed and extended to full-size, 60-mm OD by 1.5-m-long, candle filters. A commercially viable process for producing the filters was developed, and the filters are undergoing testing and demonstration throughout the world for application in pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants. Development activities at Oat Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and at the 3M Company, and testing at the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center (STC) are presented. Demonstration tests at the Tidd PFBC are in progress. Issues identified during the testing and demonstration phases of the development are discussed. Resolution of the issues identified during testing and the status of commercialization of the filters are described. RP Judkins, RR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,FOSSIL ENERGY PROGRAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 495 EP 499 DI 10.1115/1.2816675 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000007 ER PT J AU Judkins, RR Stinton, DP DeVan, JH AF Judkins, RR Stinton, DP DeVan, JH TI A review of the efficacy of silicon carbide hot-gas filters in goal gasification and pressurized fluidized bed combustion environments SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition CY JUN 13-16, 1994 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS ID CORROSION; DEGRADATION; CERAMICS AB Reviews of relevant literature and interviews with individuals cognizant of the state of the art in ceramic filters for hot-gas cleaning were conducted. Thermodynamic calculations of the stability of various ceramic phases were also made. Based on these calculations, reviews, and interviews, conclusions were reached regarding the use of silicon carbide-based ceramics as hot-gas filter media. Arguments are presented that provide the basis for our conclusion that high-purity silicon carbide is a viable material in the integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) environments we examined. Clay-bonded materials are, we concluded, suspect for these applications, their extensive use not-withstanding. Operations data we reviewed focused primarily on clay-bonded filters, for which a great deal of experience exists. We used the clay-bonded filter experience as a point of reference for our review and analysis. RP Judkins, RR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 500 EP 506 DI 10.1115/1.2816676 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000008 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, RK Geyer, HK AF Ahluwalia, RK Geyer, HK TI Fluid mechanics of membrane-coated ceramic filters SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Analytical models are formulated for evaluating the fluid mechanics of membrane-coated, dead-end ceramic filters. The models are applicable to forward flow as in the filtration mode and reverse flow as in the back-pulse cleaning mode. General criteria are derived to size the filter passages from considerations of Darcy pressure drop, friction pressure drop, and the dynamic head. These criteria together with Reynolds numbers are shown to provide measures of nonuniformities in face velocity and pressure that develop in the filter passages for atmospheric and high-pressure applications. A methodology is presented for optimizing the venturi geometry from the standpoint of minimizing pulse gas usage and controlling the thermal load imposed on the filter assembly. RP Ahluwalia, RK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECHNOL DEV DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 526 EP 533 DI 10.1115/1.2816679 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000011 ER PT J AU Li, YY Sheng, IC Liang, SS AF Li, YY Sheng, IC Liang, SS TI Thermal phase transformation and residual stress estimation of multi-layer materials for cylindrical or flat shape SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The estimation of the thermal, phase transformation, and residual stresses is multilayer materials during arbitrary loading is a complex problem, which is important in many manufacturing processes. This paper describes an analytical method to predict these stresses using classic elasticity/plasticity theories under cylindrical coordinates. The method is based on the well-established analysis of an inclusion embedded into a matrix. The multi-layer problem is treated in increments of two layers at a time in a straightforward manner. The computational time required for two sample quenching problems and one sample surface grinding problem was less than half minute each on a PC. Both the thermal stress and residual stress estimation results agree well with the FEM results, especially in the limited depth of the surface. This program is not limited to quenching and grinding problems. It can be applied to many manufacturing processes for predicting in-process stress and residual stress of work-pieces in order to optimize the processes. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Li, YY (reprint author), UNIV CONNECTICUT,CTR GRINDING R&D,STORRS,CT 06269, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.1115/1.2806826 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UZ900 UT WOS:A1996UZ90000021 ER PT J AU Prime, MB Finnie, I AF Prime, MB Finnie, I TI Surface strains due to face loading of a slot in a layered half-space SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A solution is presented that will allow the compliance method for residual stress measurement to be applied to layered materials. The solution is for the surface strains due to arbitrary normal stress loading on the faces of a slot in a layered half-space. The materials are homogeneous isotropic elastic with different elastic constants and the slot may penetrate into the substrate. The solution is accomplished using the body force method and the solution for a point force in two bonded half spaces. The results indicate that, for residual stress measurement, the effects of the substrate properties are significant for materials with elastic moduli differing by 50 percent or more when the slot penetrates to at least one-half of the layer thickness. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Prime, MB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 410 EP 418 DI 10.1115/1.2806828 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UZ900 UT WOS:A1996UZ90000023 ER PT J AU Mashl, SJ Flores, RA Trivedi, R AF Mashl, SJ Flores, RA Trivedi, R TI Dynamics of solidification in 2% corn starch water mixtures: Effect of variations in freezing rate on product homogeneity SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE solidification dynamics; corn starch; freezing rate; product homogeneity; directional solidification ID SOLID LIQUID INTERFACE; PARTICLES AB Directional solidification studies of gelatinized corn starch-water mixtures were undertaken in order to examine, in situ, the freezing behavior of this food model. The solidification rate was controlled by varying sample cell velocity as it moved from a 25 degrees C hot stage to a -25 degrees C cold stage. While freezing at cell velocities less than or equal to 7.5 mu m/sec, starch granules were alternately pushed or entrapped by the advancing solid-liquid interface producing a segregated structure consisting of alternating high-starch and low-starch bands. At a cell velocity of 10 mu m/sec, the frozen product was homogeneous. The relationship between the solid-liquid interface velocity and segregation behavior was quantified and compared to an existing model of particle-interface interactions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & HUMAN NUTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,US DOE,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 61 IS 4 BP 760 EP 765 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb12199.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA VB466 UT WOS:A1996VB46600022 ER PT J AU Ho, CM Tsurutani, BT Smith, EJ Feldman, WC AF Ho, CM Tsurutani, BT Smith, EJ Feldman, WC TI Properties of slow-mode shocks in the distant (>200 R(E)) geomagnetic tail SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHEET BOUNDARY-LAYER; PLASMA SHEET; MAGNETOTAIL; ISEE-3; INSTABILITY AB The two distant ISEE 3 geomagnetic tail passes have been examined to identify all slow-mode shocks present in the data. We find a total of 86 events from 439 plasma sheet/lobe crossings, using five criteria based on relations between the upstream lobe and the downstream plasma sheet magnetic field and plasma measurements. The statistical results of slow-mode shock parameters such as the angle between magnetic field and shock normal, theta(Bn), Alfven Mach number along the normal direction, M(An), and electron beta, beta(e), are calculated and reported. On average, the magnetic field decreases by a factor similar to 2.7, the electron density increases by similar to 1.7, temperature increases by similar to 1.8, and the plasma flow velocity increases by similar to 3.8 across the shocks. The average upstream theta(Bn) is similar to 76 degrees, while the downstream angle is similar to 50 degrees. The shocks have an average M(An) similar to 0.87 along the normal direction, and an upstream beta(e) similar to 0.04. In the downstream plasma sheet region, the dominant plasma flow associated with the shocks is in the tailward direction with an average speed similar to 585 km/s. Only a few cases of Earthward downstream plasma flow have been detected. The slow shocks have thicknesses, on average, of similar to 5380 km (about 7 ion inertial lengths) and an average tilt angle of similar to +/-22.4 degrees between the shock normal and z axis. Using the Petschek slow shock model, the average location of the neutral lines is located in a range of +/-40 R(E) from observation sites. About half the slow mode shock events are detected during southward IMF intervals and half during northward intervals. There is a weak substorm dependence of slow mode shocks and plasmoids, a dependence which is most obvious when B-z > +2 nT and B-z < -2 nT intervals are intercompared. We see a substorm dependence for plasma sheet/lobe crossings which suggests that the deep tail become more dynamic during substorm intervals. We have also sought the existence of large wave trains downstream of slow shocks that have been theoretically predicted by Coroniti [1971] and simulation studies. No such wave trains were observed throughout the two ISEE 3 passes of the distant tail. However, we do detect some medium amplitude transverse waves in the shock ramp regions. The waves have frequencies and polarizations similar to the plasma sheet boundary layer waves reported by Tsurutani et al. [1985]. The waves present in the shock ramp are also right-hand ion cyclotron waves in the plasma frame. We believe that these waves are generated by the ion beams flowing away from the magnetic merging regions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Ho, CM (reprint author), CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,MS 169-506,PASADENA,CA 91109, USA. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A7 BP 15277 EP 15286 DI 10.1029/96JA00545 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV415 UT WOS:A1996UV41500006 ER PT J AU Birn, J Hesse, M AF Birn, J Hesse, M TI Details of current disruption and diversion in simulations of magnetotail dynamics SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TAIL CURRENT DISRUPTION; FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; NEAR-EARTH MAGNETOTAIL; SUBSTORM CURRENT WEDGE; CURRENT SHEET; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; GROWTH-PHASE; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; EXPANSION; ONSET AB Properties of current disruption and diversion are investigated on the basis of resistive MHD simulations which include the inner tail region with the transition toward a dipole field and the dynamic formation of a thin current sheet in the inner tail. As in earlier simulations, magnetotail instability leads to reconnection and plasmoid formation and ejection, accompanied by features of the substorm current wedge. In contrast to earlier simulations of the breakup of a thick current sheet, the presence of the thin current sheet leads to a much faster evolution on the timescale of few minutes and to larger electric fields(up to 20 mV/m), concentrated mostly in the dipolarizing region earthward of the reconnection site. The fast growth is relatively insensitive to the resistivity model used. The current ''disruption'' is largely a consequence of an expansion of the near-Earth current sheet, associated with the dipolarization. It starts well earthward of the reconnection site in association with a pileup of magnetic flux and propagates tailward. Field-aligned currents of region 1 type (toward the Earth on the dawn-side and away on the duskside) at the near-Earth boundary are found to increase both during the driven phase of the thin current sheet formation and during the energy release and current disruption phase. They result from a diversion of perpendicular into parallel currents, which is associated with a gradient of the magnetic flux tube volume directed away from midnight at the flank edges of the dipolarization region. Locally, the current diversion takes place earthward of the reconnection site, predominantly in shear layers above and below the neutral sheet rather than close to the neutral sheet. The peaks of the field-aligned current densities associated with the substorm wedge do not follow field lines very closely, because of the presence of strong perpendicular currents, so that care must be taken in using these features for a mapping between the Earth and the equatorial plane. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ELECTRODYNAM BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Birn, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 52 TC 153 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A7 BP 15345 EP 15358 DI 10.1029/96JA00887 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV415 UT WOS:A1996UV41500012 ER PT J AU Prichard, D Borovsky, JE Lemons, PM Price, CP AF Prichard, D Borovsky, JE Lemons, PM Price, CP TI Time dependence of substorm recurrence: An information-theoretic analysis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SERIES AB Using information-theoretic statistics, two series of substorm recurrence times are examined for evidence of dynamical structure. One series is from 1 year of energetic-electron data collected by geosynchronous satellites and the other series is from 8 years of the AL index. It is found that there is evidence for some predictive structure in these series; that is, the length of the time interval between two subsequent substorms depends on the previous intersubstorm interval length and that a large amount of the predictability can be attributed to roughly periodic substorms trains. C1 ENCHANTED HILLS MIDDLE SCH,RIO RANCHO,NM 87545. UNIV ALASKA,DEPT PHYS,FAIRBANKS,AK 99775. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES & APPLICAT GRP CIC 3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET DIV T 13,COMPLEX SYST GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Prichard, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES & APPLICAT GRP CIC 3,MS0M296,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A7 BP 15359 EP 15369 DI 10.1029/95JA03419 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV415 UT WOS:A1996UV41500013 ER PT J AU Orji, CC Silks, LA AF Orji, CC Silks, LA TI The first synthesis of [9,amino-N-15(2)]adenine and beta-2'-deoxy-[9,amino-N-15(2)]adenosine SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE [9,amino-N-15(2)]adenine; beta-2'-deoxy-[9,amino-N-15(2)]-adenosine; (NH3)-N-15 ID NITROGEN-15-LABELED DEOXYNUCLEOSIDES; N-15 NMR; DEOXYADENOSINE AB beta-2'-Deoxy-[9,Amino-N-15(2)]Adenosine has been constructed in 4 steps from commercially available 5-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine and (NH3)-N-15. The reactions have been scaled to provide significant quantities of labeled nucleoside. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOCHEM & SPECT SECT,NIH STABLE ISOTOPES RESOURCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 38 IS 7 BP 625 EP 630 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1344(199607)38:7<625::AID-JLCR874>3.0.CO;2-P PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA UW939 UT WOS:A1996UW93900004 ER PT J AU Cho, H AF Cho, H TI Tilted-axis precession and phase-sensitive detection of nuclear magnetization SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-PULSE NMR; RESONANCE; RESOLUTION; SOLIDS; CYCLE AB The precession of nuclear magnetization about tilted axes in the rotating frame and its consequences for phase-sensitive NMR detection are examined in detail in this work, Expressions for the frequencies and phases of a NMR spectrum acquired during tilted-axis precession are derived, and utilized to show how phase-cycling schemes that eliminate undesired artifacts in such spectra can be determined, The explicit use of these expressions is demonstrated in a calculation of efficient new phase cycles for three line-narrowing experiments (MREV-8, BR-24, and C-24) exemplifying precession of nuclear magnetization about axes not aligned with the static held direction, Experimental and simulated results that confirm the effectiveness of the phase cycles and illustrate their applicability under conditions of practical interest are reported. An analysis of artifacts not totally eliminated by these phase-cycling schemes is described. The source of these residual artifacts in multiple-pulse applications is shown to be large deviations of the effective offset Hamiltonian parameters from canonical values calculated using zeroth-order coherent-averaging theory. These deviations are an intrinsic characteristic of multiple-pulse line-narrowing techniques, and are not eradicated even when the experiments are performed under ideal conditions. The consequences of this shortcoming of the zeroth-order theory for the interpretation of multiple-pulse spectra are discussed. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Cho, H (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB MS P755,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 1 BP 8 EP 22 DI 10.1006/jmra.1996.0130 PG 15 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA UX679 UT WOS:A1996UX67900002 ER PT J AU Woelk, K Gerald, RE Klingler, RJ Rathke, JW AF Woelk, K Gerald, RE Klingler, RJ Rathke, JW TI Imaging diffusion in toroid cavity probes SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article ID NMR; DETECTORS; GRADIENT; MOTION C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Woelk, K (reprint author), UNIV BONN,INST PHYS CHEM,WEGELERSTR 12,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 1 BP 74 EP 77 DI 10.1006/jmra.1996.0139 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA UX679 UT WOS:A1996UX67900011 ER PT J AU Mitchell, DW Smith, RD AF Mitchell, DW Smith, RD TI Prediction of a space charge induced upper molecular mass limit towards achieving unit mass resolution in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE Fourier transform mass spectrometry; ion cyclotron resonance; phase locking; space charge effects; isotope ratios ID SPECTRAL-LINE SHAPE; NONNEUTRAL PLASMAS; FREQUENCY-SHIFTS; INDIVIDUAL IONS; MOTION; TRAP; TRAJECTORIES; THEOREM; CLOUD AB Cyclotron phase locking arises when two ion clouds have similar mass-to-charge ratios and a sufficiently large ion population such that the relative cyclotron dynamics are dominated by the mutual Coulomb E x B drift dynamics. Once two or more ion clouds are phase locked, a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer cannot distinguish them by image current detection since the ion clouds have identical detected cyclotron frequencies. A simple analytical model, based on the assumption of rigid ion clouds, predicts that the maximum number of ions having equal charge states and closely spaced masses, which can be contained in two clouds before phase locking occurs, is proportional to their mass difference and to the square of the magnetic field strength divided by the molecular mass, Delta m(B/M)(2), and is independent of the charge state. This molecular mass dependence establishes an upper molecular mass limit for resolving closely spaced peaks due to cyclotron phase locking. The rigid ion cloud model, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrates that phase locking causes the 1 Da spacing of the isotopic envelope for large molecules to be unresolvable past a high molecular mass limit (M(max)). M(max) is directly proportional to B and independent of the charge state for adjacent ion clouds with equal charge state. An order of magnitude estimate predicts that M(max) approximate to 1 x 10(4)B (in units of Da and Tesla), independent of charge state for peaks having a 1 Da spacing. This estimate concurs with present instrumental capabilities. Full three-dimensional numerical simulations on realistic ion clouds, which include the combined effects of internal and external ion cloud dynamics, Z-oscillation, linear dipolar excitation and trap potential anharmonicity, demonstrate the qualitative validity of the assumptions inherent in the rigid ion cloud model predictions. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 35 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 31 IS 7 BP 771 EP 790 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199607)31:7<771::AID-JMS357>3.0.CO;2-# PG 20 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UY827 UT WOS:A1996UY82700011 ER PT J AU Chaiken, A Wall, MA Howell, RH Bozovic, I Eckstein, JN Virshup, GF AF Chaiken, A Wall, MA Howell, RH Bozovic, I Eckstein, JN Virshup, GF TI Transmission electron study of heteroepitaxial growth in the BiSrCaCuO system SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; SUPERLATTICES; MULTILAYERS; ROUGHNESS; FILMS AB Films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 and Bi2Sr2CuO6 have been grown using Atomic-Layer-by-layer Molecular Beam Epitaxy (ALL-MBE) on lattice-matched substrates. These materials have been combined with layers of closely related metastable compounds like Bi2Sr2Ca7Cu8O20 (2278) and rare-earth-doped compounds like Bi2Sr2DyxCa1-xCu2O8 (Dy:2212) to form heterostructures with unique superconducting properties, including superconductor/insulator multilayers and tunnel junctions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to study the morphology and microstructure of these heterostructures. These TEM studies shed light on the physical properties of the films, and give insight into the growth mode of highly anisotropic solids like Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. C1 VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC,EL GINZTON RES LAB,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP Chaiken, A (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1609 EP 1615 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0202 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX157 UT WOS:A1996UX15700004 ER PT J AU Aselage, TL Venturini, EL Voigt, JA Miller, DJ AF Aselage, TL Venturini, EL Voigt, JA Miller, DJ TI Stability of the Tl-1223 phases SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPE; THALLIUM OXIDE; FILMS; EQUILIBRIUM; TL-(1223); SYSTEMS AB The thermodynamic stability of TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9-y (1223) and substitutionally related phases has been studied by performing extended high-temperature anneals in a two-zone furnace. This approach allows for independent control of each of the thermodynamic variables: the oxygen and thallous oxide partial pressures [P(O-2) and P(Tl2O)], the sample temperature, and the sample composition. P(Tl2O) determines which of several superconducting phases form in the unsubstituted Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O system. TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9-y is stable only within a narrow window of P(Tl2O). Partially replacing Tl with Pb and Ba with Sr substantially increases the stability of the 1223 phase. The composition (TlxPb0.5) (Sr1.6Ba0.4)Ca2Cu3O9-y yields only the 1223 phase under two-zone conditions when P(Tl2O) exceeds a lower bound. The stability of Pb- and Sr-substituted 1223 relative to the 1212 phase is related to the substitutional stoichiometry, rather than P(Tl2O). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Aselage, TL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1635 EP 1644 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0205 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX157 UT WOS:A1996UX15700007 ER PT J AU Templier, C Desage, F Desoyer, JC Hishmeh, G Cartz, L Donnelly, SE Vishnyakov, V Birtcher, RC AF Templier, C Desage, F Desoyer, JC Hishmeh, G Cartz, L Donnelly, SE Vishnyakov, V Birtcher, RC TI Ion beam amorphization of muscovite mica SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SWIFT HEAVY-IONS; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; CASCADE DAMAGE; IRRADIATION; INCLUSIONS; ZIRCON; TRACKS AB The microstructure of a muscovite mica exposed to a rare gas ion beam has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The investigation of damage without implantation was carried out using argon and helium ions of sufficient energy to traverse the 100-150 nm mica specimens. For 340 keV Ar++ irradiation, amorphization of mica occurred at a fluence as low as 3.5 X 10(14) ions . cm(-2), which corresponds to 0.29 dpa. Muscovite can be amorphized using 80 keV helium ions, but this requires a much higher fluence and damage production of 4.6 X 10(16) ions . cm(-2) and 0.60 dpa, respectively, Since helium irradiation results principally in ionization energy loss, it indicates that amorphization of muscovite results mainly from nuclear interactions. Complete amorphization of muscovite mica is found to take place for all ions at approximately the same amount of nuclear energy transfer to energetic primary knock-on atoms, assuming a recoil energy greater than 500 eV. This suggests that amorphization occurs directly in dense displacement cascades. A significant amount of helium, 100 ppm, can be implanted into muscovite mica without destroying the crystal structure. C1 MIDWEST RES TECHNOL INC, BROOKFIELD, WI 53005 USA. MARQUETTE UNIV, COLL ENGN, MILWAUKEE, WI 53233 USA. UNIV SALFORD, SCI RES INST, JOULE LAB, SALFORD M5 4WT, LANCS, ENGLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP Templier, C (reprint author), FAC SCI POITIERS, MET PHYS LAB, 40 AV RECTEUR PINEAU, F-86022 POITIERS, FRANCE. OI Donnelly, Stephen/0000-0002-9749-5550; Vishnyakov, Vladimir/0000-0003-3045-3134 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1819 EP 1824 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0229 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX157 UT WOS:A1996UX15700031 ER PT J AU He, Y Schwarz, RB Mandrus, DG AF He, Y Schwarz, RB Mandrus, DG TI Thermal expansion of bulk amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID METALLIC-GLASS; CASTING METHOD AB The linear thermal expansion of the bulk amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (atomic percent) alloy has been measured from 80 K to 773 K, The data for T < T-g were fitted by a model based on the Gruneisen relation and a Debye expression for the heat capacity. From the fit, we deducted the Gruneisen parameter, gamma = 1.25, and the Debye temperature, Theta(D) = 400 K. Annealing the amorphous alloy at 663 K, which is between the glass transition temperature T-g = 623 K, and the crystallization temperature T-x = 693 K, causes viscous flow in the sample. This is due to the small viscosity in the undercooled liquid. RP He, Y (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS K-765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1836 EP 1841 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0232 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX157 UT WOS:A1996UX15700034 ER PT J AU Biner, SB AF Biner, SB TI The role of grain boundary sliding and reinforcement morphology on the creep deformation behaviour of discontinuously reinforced composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CONSTRAINED DIFFUSIVE CAVITATION; POWER-LAW CREEP; POLYCRYSTALS; FACETS AB In this study, the role of grain boundary sliding behaviour on the creep deformation characteristics of discontinuously reinforced composites is investigated numerically together with the other influencing parameters: reinforcement aspect ratio, grain size and interfacial behaviour between the reinforcement and the matrix. The results obtained for the composites are compared with results obtained for a polycrystalline matrix material having identical grain size and morphology. The results indicate that, with sliding grain boundaries, the stress enhancement factor for the composites is much higher than the one observed for the matrix material and its value increases with increasing reinforcement aspect ratio, reduction in the matrix grain size and sliding interfacial behaviour between the reinforcement and the matrix. In the composites, the contribution of the grain boundary sliding to overall steady state creep rates occurs in a larger stress range in comparison to the matrix material. Experimentally observed higher creep exponent values or stress dependent creep exponent values for the composites could not be explained solely by the mechanism of grain boundary sliding. However, experimentally observed large scale triple point grain boundary cavitation in the composites could occur due to large grain rotations resulting from grain boundary sliding. RP Biner, SB (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 31 IS 13 BP 3459 EP 3467 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX695 UT WOS:A1996UX69500017 ER PT J AU Rawers, J Perry, K AF Rawers, J Perry, K TI Crack initiation in laminated metal-intermetallic composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Several mechanisms have been proposed to describe crack initiation and propagation in ductile-brittle composites. This experimental study shows that the failure of metal-intermetallic (metal-aluminides) composites was initiated by cracking initiation in the intermetallic layers. For metal layers that allowed shear deformation, crack initiation in adjacent intermetallic layers resulted from shear bands propagating from a crack tip in the intermetallic layer through the metal layer and producing stress concentration points at the interfaces of adjacent intermetallic layers. For metal layers that did not support shear deformation, crack initiation in the intermetallic layers resulted from the continued build up of stresses within the intermetallic layers, resulting in a relatively uniform distribution of cracks within the individual intermetallic layers. Prior to failure, lateral constraints produce lateral cracks in the intermetallic layers. The final fracture features of both failure mechanisms were similar for both metal-intermetallic systems. C1 LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Rawers, J (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 11 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 31 IS 13 BP 3501 EP 3506 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UX695 UT WOS:A1996UX69500023 ER PT J AU McKinley, JP Colwell, FS AF McKinley, JP Colwell, FS TI Application of perfluorocarbon tracers to microbial sampling in subsurface environments using mud-rotary and air-rotary drilling techniques SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE tracers; perfluorocarbons; air-rotary drilling; mud-rotary drilling ID DELIBERATE TRACER AB Perfluorocarbon compounds were used as chemical tracers of drilling fluids during microbial sampling via mud-rotary and air-rotary drilling. Perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) was injected directly into the mud-rotary drilling fluid using a chromatography pump, to achieve a background concentration of 1.5 mu g PFT g(-1) mud. The detection limit in samples was 1 ng PFT g(-1). Muds associated with sidewall cores contained ca. 700 ng PFT g(-1), whereas core samples contained ca. 14 ng PFT g-(1). The extent of contamination of core samples was thus constrained by a background:sample ratio of 50. Two distinct PFTs were introduced during argon/air gas-rotary drilling and coring using a purpose-built metering system that volatilized the tracer under pressure. The detection limit in samples was 0.2 ng g(-1). Detection of PFT 4.7 m below its point of introduction demonstrated the forcible intrusion of air ahead of the drill bit. Introduction and detection of PFTs in samples removed by argon-rotary coring indicated pervasion of samples by drilling fluids during coring. Most samples contained PFT, but results were dependent on holding and processing times prior to preservation. Perfluorocarbons were demonstrated to have utility as tracers in both sampling methods, provided care is taken in their deployment and processing to avoid the effects of volatilization. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. RP McKinley, JP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUL PY 1996 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(96)00826-3 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA VA306 UT WOS:A1996VA30600001 ER PT J AU Tung, CS Oprea, TI Hummer, G Garcia, AE AF Tung, CS Oprea, TI Hummer, G Garcia, AE TI Three-dimensional model of a selective theophylline-binding RNA molecule SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE RNA folding; binding specificity; molecular modeling; QSAR; theophylline; SELEX ID DNA; MECHANICS; TRANSITION; PROTEINS; LIGANDS; HAIRPIN; FIELD AB A three dimensional (3D) model for an RNA molecule that selectively binds theophylline but not caffeine is proposed. This RNA, which was found using SELEX (Jenison et al., 1994), is 10 000 times more specific for theophylline (K-D=320 nM) than for caffeine (K-D=3.5 mM), although the two ligands are identical except for a methyl group substituted at N7 (present only in caffeine). The binding affinity for ten xanthine-based ligands was used to derive a comparative molecular field analysis model (R(2) = 0.93 for three components, with cross-validated R(2) of 0.73), using the SYBYL and GOLPE programs. A pharmacophoric map was generated to locate steric and electrostatic interactions between theophylline and the RNA binding site. This information was used to identify putative functional groups of the binding pocket and to generate distance constraints. On the basis of a model for the secondary structure (Jenison et al., 1994), the 3D structure of this RNA was then generated using the following method: each helical region of the RNA molecule was treated as a rigid body; single-stranded loops with specific end-to-end distances were generated. The structures of RNA-xanthine complexes were studied using a modified Monte Carlo algorithm. The detailed structure of an RNA-ligand complex model, as well as possible explanations for the theophylline selectivity are discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Oprea, Tudor/A-5746-2011; Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Oprea, Tudor/0000-0002-6195-6976; Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0952-3499 J9 J MOL RECOGNIT JI J. Mol. Recognit. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 275 EP 286 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA WP407 UT WOS:A1996WP40700002 PM 9131469 ER PT J AU Jagust, WJ Haan, MN Eberling, JL Wolfe, N Reed, BR AF Jagust, WJ Haan, MN Eberling, JL Wolfe, N Reed, BR TI Functional imaging predicts cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSION; ONSET; STATE AB Eighteen patients with Alzheimer's disease were studied with positron emission tomographic measurements of regional cerebral metabolism of glucose. All patients were initially diagnosed and evaluated, underwent positron emission tomography, and then were followed with annual reevaluations, at which time the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed. Patients were followed for an average of 2.5 years, and the rate of cognitive decline was calculated by determining the rate of change in the MMSE score defined as the MMSE score at the initial evaluation minus the MMSE score at the last examination, divided by the number of months between testing. The regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose determined at the time of the first MMSE were then regressed on these changes in scores. Results showed that glucose metabolic rates in posterior temporal and primary visual cortex regions were significantly correlated with the subsequent rate of cognitive deterioration. These associations were not confounded by age, length of follow-up, baseline MMSE score, or education. Stratification on gender suggested that these associations were much stronger in women than in men. These results replicate previous findings showing that functional brain imaging is predictive of the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,ALZHEIMERS DIS CTR,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT COMMUNITY MED,DAVIS,CA 95616. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10129, R03 AG033751, AG07793]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK060753] NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 1051-2284 J9 J NEUROIMAGING JI J. Neuroimaging PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 156 EP 160 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UY937 UT WOS:A1996UY93700004 PM 8704290 ER PT J AU Prabakar, S Assink, RA Raman, NK Myers, SA Brinker, CJ AF Prabakar, S Assink, RA Raman, NK Myers, SA Brinker, CJ TI Identification of self- and cross-condensation products in organically modified silica sols by Si-29 and O-17 NMR spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID ALKOXIDES; KINETICS AB High resolution Si-29 and O-17 NMR spectroscopy has been used to identify self- and cross-condensation products in sols prepared from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and organically modified triethoxysilanes (RTES, where R is a methyl, ethyl or phenyl group). The sols were prepared by the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of TEOS and RTES with H2O/Si mole ratios of 0.15, 0.3 or 0.5, Resonance assignments were made by comparing the positions and intensities of peaks in the spectra of single and multicomponent systems as a function of reaction time. Both Si-29 and O-17 NMR spectroscopy exhibit resonances which are uniquely attributed to species formed by cross-condensation reactions between TEOS and RTES. Approaches to improve the resolution of O-17 NMR spectra were only moderately successful because the resonance envelopes have substantial contributions from inhomogeneous components. C1 ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 16 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL PY 1996 VL 202 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(96)00152-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VE406 UT WOS:A1996VE40600006 ER PT J AU Pietrass, T Bifone, A Roth, RD Koch, VP Alivisatos, AP Pines, A AF Pietrass, T Bifone, A Roth, RD Koch, VP Alivisatos, AP Pines, A TI Si-29 high resolution solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of porous silicon SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; CROSS POLARIZATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINESCENCE; SURFACE; SPECTRA; RELAXATION; DEUTERIUM; DIPOLAR AB Porous silicon has been characterized by Si-29 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy under conditions of static samples, magic angle spinning, decoupling and cross polarization. In a free induction decay experiment, two Si-29 resonances at -80 and -111 ppm were obtained. Cross polarization resulted in a single resonance at -97 ppm. Magic angle spinning and decoupling slightly reduce the linewidth of the Si-29 cross polarized signal, The minor narrowing effect and thr relaxation behavior in the laboratory and rotating frame indicate a homogeneous contribution to the linewidth. The relaxation data suggest that the resonance observed under cross polarization conditions arises from SiH or SiH2 structural elements. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS E16,D-85747 GARCHING,GERMANY. RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL PY 1996 VL 202 IS 1-2 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(96)00144-5 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VE406 UT WOS:A1996VE40600008 ER PT J AU Huang, FH AF Huang, FH TI Container materials in environments of corroded spent nuclear fuel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Efforts to remove corroded uranium metal fuel from the K Basins wet storage to long-term dry storage are underway. The multi-canister overpack (MCO) is used to load spent nuclear fuel for vacuum drying, staging, and hot conditioning; it will be used for interim dry storage until final disposition options are developed. Drying and conditioning of the corroded fuel will minimize the possibility of gas pressurization and runaway oxidation. During all phases of operations the MCO is subjected to radiation, temperature and pressure excursions, hydrogen, potential pyrophoric hazard, and corrosive environments. Material selection for the MCO applications is clearly vital for safe and efficient long-term interim storage. Austenitic stainless steels (SS) such as 304L SS or 316L SS appear to be suitable for the MCO. Of the two, Type 304L SS is recommended because it possesses good resistance to chemical corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, and radiation-induced corrosive species. In addition, the material has adequate strength and ductility to withstand pressure and impact loading so that the containment boundary of the container is maintained under accident conditions without releasing radioactive materials. RP Huang, FH (reprint author), US DOE,ICF KAISER HANFORD CO,POB 888,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 231 IS 1-2 BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00366-2 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VH022 UT WOS:A1996VH02200010 ER PT J AU Jagust, WJ Eberling, JL Biegon, A Taylor, SE VanBrocklin, HF Jordan, S Hanrahan, SM Roberts, JA Brennan, KM Mathis, CA AF Jagust, WJ Eberling, JL Biegon, A Taylor, SE VanBrocklin, HF Jordan, S Hanrahan, SM Roberts, JA Brennan, KM Mathis, CA TI Iodine-123-5-iodo-6-nitroquipazine: SPECT radiotracer to image the serotonin transporter SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iodine-123-5-iodo-6-nitroquipazine; serotonin transporter ID 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE UPTAKE COMPLEX; MIDBRAIN RAPHE LESIONS; UPTAKE SITES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SELECTIVE LIGAND; I-125 5-IODO-6-NITROQUIPAZINE; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTERS; IN-VIVO; BRAIN AB Because serotonergic function has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases of the nervous system, efforts to image this system in vivo have received considerable recent attention. Promising preliminary results with the tracer 5-iodo-6-nitroquipazine (INQUIP) have prompted us to perform further studies designed to validate the use of the tracer as an in vivo ligand for the serotonin transporter. Methods: We studied six adult macaca mulatta in eight experiments which involved SPECT imaging at 17 to 24 hr post-tracer injection, including three experiments with coinjection of the I-123- and I-125-radiolabeled tracer for direct comparison of autoradiography and SPECT, and three experiments in which animals were lesioned with the serotonergic neurotoxin (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). In addition, we evaluated the metabolism of the tracer in the brain and periphery. Results: SPECT images obtained at 17 and 24 hr reflected the known pattern of distribution of serotonin transporters and also showed close correspondence to the autoradiograms. Ratios of binding in the brainstem to binding in the cerebellum were close lo 3 at 17 hr. Autoradiograms from an MDMA-treaied animal showed up to 95% reductions of binding, while the SPECT data showed smaller reductions. Virtually all of the tracer in the brain stem was in the form of unmetabolized parent compound, but plasma showed rapid peripheral metabolism of the tracer. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that INQUIP SPECT images are sensitive measures of in vivo binding to the serotonin transporter, and support the further development of the tracer as a method for the in vivo study of serotonergic neurons in humans. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,CALIF PRIMATE RES CTR,DAVIS,CA 95616. PHARMOS CORP,REHOVOT,ISRAEL. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT RADIOL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP Jagust, WJ (reprint author), CTR FUNCT IMAGING,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,55-121,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Mathis, Chester/A-8607-2009 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00169]; NIA NIH HHS [AG07793]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS22899] NR 40 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1207 EP 1214 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UV693 UT WOS:A1996UV69300038 PM 8965200 ER PT J AU Volkow, ND Fowler, JS Gatley, SJ Logan, J Wang, GJ Ding, YS Dewey, S AF Volkow, ND Fowler, JS Gatley, SJ Logan, J Wang, GJ Ding, YS Dewey, S TI PET evaluation of the dopamine system of the human brain SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE imaging; neurotransmitters; pharmacology; psychiatric illnesses; neurological illnesses ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; LIVING HUMAN-BRAIN; CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; MONOAMINE OXIDASE-A; D2-DOPAMINE RECEPTOR OCCUPANCY; F-18 N-METHYLSPIROPERIDOL; C-11 RACLOPRIDE BINDING; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; TIME UPTAKE DATA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE AB Dopamine plays a pivotal role in the regulation and control of movement, motivation and cognition. It also is closely linked to reward, reinforcement and addiction. Abnormalities in brain dopamine are associated with many neurological and psychiatric disorders including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and substance abuse. This close association between dopamine and neurological and psychiatric diseases and with substance abuse make it an important topic in research in the neurosciences and an important molecular target in drug development. PET enables the direct measurement of components of the dopamine system in the living human brain. it relies on radiotracers which label dopamine receptors, dopamine transporters, precursors of dopamine or compounds which have specificity for the enzymes which degrade dopamine. Additionally, by using tracers that provide information on regional brain metabolism or blood flow as well as neurochemically specific pharmacological interventions, PET can be used to assess the functional consequences of changes in brain dopamine activity. PET dopamine measurements have been used to investigate the normal human brain and its involvement in psychiatric and neurological diseases. It has also been used in psychopharmacological research to investigate dopamine drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and of schizophrenia as well as to investigate the effects of drugs of abuse on the dopamine system. Since various functional and neurochemical parameters can be studied in the same subject, PET enables investigation of the functional integrity of the dopamine system in the human brain and investigation of the interactions of dopamine with other neurotransmitters. Through the parallel development of new radiotracers, kinetic models and better instruments, PET technology is enabling investigation of increasingly more complex aspects of the human brain dopamine system. This paper summarizes the different tracers and experimental strategies developed to evaluate the various elements of the dopamine system in the human brain with PET and their applications to clinical research. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PSYCHIAT, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, BLDG 490, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R0IDA06278, R0IDA06891] NR 253 TC 152 Z9 155 U1 5 U2 21 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 EI 1535-5667 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1242 EP 1256 PG 15 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UV693 UT WOS:A1996UV69300044 PM 8965206 ER PT J AU Wilson, J AF Wilson, J TI Ethical clinical practice of functional brain imaging SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE PET; SPECT; clinical applications; forensics; guidelines ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; SPECT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TOMOGRAPHY; PERFUSION; DISORDER; DISEASE; CORTEX; PET AB The development and evolution of functional brain imaging technologies and their broad application to a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders have led to their scientifically sound use in specific clinical situations. In addition, there is a growing diversity of empirical new applications where there is little previous research or clinical experience. Therefore, a committee of the Brain Imaging Council of the Society of Nuclear Medicine was formed to address the need for specific guidelines regarding scan interpretation and reporting. This committee considered the wide range of current and potential uses of PET and SPECT, including its growing role in forensics. A set of basic guidelines for the reporting and interpretation of brain imaging studies applicable to all clinical situations, including forensics, was formulated. These guidelines were composed in a manner sensitive to the need for standards that are scientifically defensible now, and which will continue to be valid as the field evolves. It is the intent of the committee and this summary document to positively influence the clinical use of brain SPECT and PET by offering guidance concerning the elements essential to a complete and useful clinical report, defining standards to differentiate well-established clinical applications from research uses and providing a framework in which to consider the appropriateness of functional brain imaging used in the forensic arena. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. AMERSHAM HEALTHCARE,CHICAGO,IL. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. MIDDLESEX HOSP,INST NUCL MED,LONDON,ENGLAND. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,CTR NUCL MED,DALLAS,TX. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. WILLIAM BEAUMONT HOSP,ROYAL OAK,MI 48072. NEW ENGLAND DEACONESS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02215. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT. COLUMBIA UNIV,HARLEM HOSP CTR,NEW YORK,NY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. COLUMBIA PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10032. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1256 EP 1259 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UV693 UT WOS:A1996UV69300045 ER PT J AU Hu, JF Pan, CY Wang, YZ Lai, WY Hu, BP Wang, ZX Sellers, CH AF Hu, JF Pan, CY Wang, YZ Lai, WY Hu, BP Wang, ZX Sellers, CH TI Coercivity of Nd(Dy)-Fe-B bonded magnets made from the inert-gas-atomized powders SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID ND-FE-B; PERMANENT-MAGNETS AB The coercivity behaviour of bonded magnets made from sieved inert-gas-atomized Nd(Dy)-Fe-B powders has been investigated. For magnets with particle sizes 35-53 mu m, the coercivity is controlled by a nucleation mechanism as in the sintered magnet. For the magnet with particle sizes of 10-20 mu m, the hardening mechanism is mainly controlled by nucleation as in the sintered magnet but the hardening mechanism of domain wall pinning or the nucleation of a single domain, which usually appears in melt-spun materials, may also be involved. The coercivity behaviour of bonded magnets made from gas-atomized powders seems to be between those of the sintered and melt-spun magnets depending on the particle size. Meanwhile it has been found that the demagnetizing field of bonded magnets made from the inert-gas-atomized powders is very small. C1 SHANDONG UNIV,DEPT PHYS,JINAN 250100,PEOPLES R CHINA. UTAH STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LOGAN,UT 84322. CHINESE ACAD SCI,SAN HUAN RES LAB,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Hu, JF (reprint author), CHINESE ACAD SCI,INST PHYS,BEIJING 10080,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 8 IS 27 BP 5107 EP 5112 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/8/27/019 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX089 UT WOS:A1996UX08900019 ER PT J AU Pantelica, D Pantelica, A Negoita, F Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Chaturvedi, L Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Petrovici, A Schmid, KW Faessler, A Johnson, NR Lee, IY Baktash, C McGowan, FK Cole, JD Zganjar, EF Cormier, TM AF Pantelica, D Pantelica, A Negoita, F Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Chaturvedi, L Kormicki, J Babu, BRS Petrovici, A Schmid, KW Faessler, A Johnson, NR Lee, IY Baktash, C McGowan, FK Cole, JD Zganjar, EF Cormier, TM TI Structure of odd-odd As-72: Experiment and theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-PROTON INTERACTION; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; NUCLEAR MOMENTS; MEAN FIELDS; REGION; GE-68; SE-72 AB The levels in As-72 have been studied employing the Co-59(O-16, 2pn) reaction with the Bucharest tandem and the Ti-47(Si-28, 3p) reaction at 95 MeV with the HHIRF tandem to enhance high spin states. New high spin states have been observed beginning at 1179.5 keV and they include a cascade up to 6092.2 keV, tentatively assigned (17(+)). These results are compared with the theoretical calculations based on the VAMPIR models which also include neutron-proton mixing. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. BANARAS HINDU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,VARANASI 221005,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. ORISE,UNISOR,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TUBINGEN,INST THEORET PHYS,D-72076 TUBINGEN,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. IDAHO NUCL ENGN LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DETROIT,MI 48202. RP Pantelica, D (reprint author), INST PHYS & NUCL ENGN,BUCHAREST,ROMANIA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1013 EP 1024 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/22/7/007 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UW068 UT WOS:A1996UW06800007 ER PT J AU Peters, W vanderKnaap, E Kende, H AF Peters, W vanderKnaap, E Kende, H TI The level of a mRNA with sequence similarity to the old yellow enzyme-NADPH dehydrogenase increases in Chenopodium rubrum cells in response to cytokinin SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell suspension culture; Chenopodium rubrum; cytokinin; old yellow enzyme-NADPH dehydrogenase ID EUKARYOTIC MESSENGER-RNA; DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY; CLONING AB Stationary-phase cells of Chenopodium rubrum were treated with t-zeatin riboside for 2 h, and the pattern of gene expression in both treated and non-treated cells was examined by differential display of mRNA. Based on this screen, we isolated a cDNA clone whose corresponding mRNA level increased upon cytokinin treatment. Northern blot analysis confirmed that expression of this mRNA was induced by t-zeatin riboside. The amino acid sequence deduced from the partial cDNA showed a high level of similarity to the corresponding amino acid sequence of the old yellow enzyme-NADPH dehydrogenases of fungi. C1 UNIV BAYREUTH,LEHRSTUHL PFLANZENPHYSIOL,D-95440 BAYREUTH,GERMANY. RP Peters, W (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. RI van der Knaap, Esther/D-6307-2012 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 149 IS 1-2 BP 233 EP 236 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VD215 UT WOS:A1996VD21500040 ER PT J AU Chalk, SG Patil, PG Venkateswaran, SR AF Chalk, SG Patil, PG Venkateswaran, SR TI The new generation of vehicles: Market opportunities for fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Grove Fuel Cell Symposium on Opportunities, Progress and Challenges CY SEP 19-22, 1995 CL LONDON, ENGLAND DE fuel cells; USA; vehicles AB The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), a historic US Government-auto industry partnership initiated in 1993, is pursuing three specific, interrelated goals, including the development of the next generation of vehicles capable of achieving up to three times the fuel efficiency of today's comparable vehicles. Fuel cells have been identified as one of three primary propulsion system candidates to meet this triple fuel efficiency goal, since they can dramatically increase automotive propulsion efficiency combined with very low to zero emissions. The US Government is working closely with industry and research institutions in pursuing a strategy of aggressive research and development (R&D) to accelerate the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles. The US Department of Energy has a major role in this fuel cell technology development effort. R&D activities are focused on overcoming the major technical, economic, and infrastructure-related hurdles. The high efficiency, very low emissions, and other favorable characteristics of fuel cells (such as fuel flexibility, low noise, and vibration) create significant market opportunities for fuel cells over the entire spectrum of transportation applications. While the focus of near-term markets for fuel cell vehicles will be urban areas having severe air-quality problems, long-term market prospects are encouraging since fuel cell vehicles can compete on an even ground with conventional vehicles in all key aspects, including vehicle range and refueling. This paper will discuss near- and long-term market opportunities for fuel cells in transportation and provide an update on driving regulatory developments in the USA at the federal and state level. The paper also provides an introduction to the PNGV (focusing on the role and prospects for fuel cells) and discusses the status of fuel cell vehicle development projects. C1 ENERGET INC,COLUMBIA,MD 21046. RP Chalk, SG (reprint author), US DOE,OFF TRANSPORTAT TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 5 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 61 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02332-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA VV615 UT WOS:A1996VV61500002 ER PT J AU Stallard, BW Hooper, EB Power, JL AF Stallard, BW Hooper, EB Power, JL TI Whistler-driven, electron-cyclotron-resonance-heated thruster: Experimental status SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article C1 NASA, LEWIS RES CTR, CLEVELAND, OH 44135 USA. RP Stallard, BW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, ENERGY DIRECTORATE, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 814 EP 816 DI 10.2514/3.24108 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UX580 UT WOS:A1996UX58000027 ER PT J AU Goheen, SC McVeety, BD Clauss, TW Lucke, RB Ligotke, MW Edwards, JA Fruchter, JS AF Goheen, SC McVeety, BD Clauss, TW Lucke, RB Ligotke, MW Edwards, JA Fruchter, JS TI Organic analysis of the headspace of Hanford waste tank 241-C-103 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article AB Organic species from the headspace of one Hanford radioactive waste tank are described. Samples were collected either using a sorbent trap or a SUMMA(TM) canister and were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The headspace contained several organic components, including alkanes, alkenes, ketones, aldehydes, organic nitriles, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, Sorbent trap samples were designed to collect only normal paraffin hydrocarbons (NPHs). A comparison of NPH data from sorbent traps and SUMMA(TM) cans revealed results of 693 and 1320 mg/m(3), NPH respectively. Significant differences were observed in NPH values when samples were collected at different times, or at different locations in the tank. These data suggest either the time of collection, or the position of the sampling device are important variables in the analysis of organic species from Hanford tanks. RP Goheen, SC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 207 IS 1 BP 81 EP 91 DI 10.1007/BF02036528 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VH965 UT WOS:A1996VH96500008 ER PT J AU Grant, KE Lucke, RB Clauss, SA Mong, GM Lerner, BD Campbell, JA AF Grant, KE Lucke, RB Clauss, SA Mong, GM Lerner, BD Campbell, JA TI Qualitative determination of low-molecular-weight organic acids in mixed hazardous wastes using thermospray liquid chromatography mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article ID COMPLEXING AGENTS AB A technique has been developed for the qualitative determination of low-molecular-weight organic acids in radioactive, mixed hazardous wastes using thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. A tank waste was analyzed, and the results indicated the presence of citric, glycolic, acetic, and nitrosoiminodiacetic acid (NIDA). Further investigation revealed NIDA was formed under acidic conditions with die reaction of iminodiacetic acid and the high nitrate/nitrite concentration present in the waste. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ADV ORGAN ANALYT METHODS GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Grant, KE (reprint author), ASSOCIATED WESTERN UNIV, PASCO, WA USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 207 IS 2 BP 247 EP 261 DI 10.1007/BF02071231 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VM494 UT WOS:A1996VM49400003 ER PT J AU Chang, C Smith, PA Tracey, EM AF Chang, C Smith, PA Tracey, EM TI Rheological characterization of Hanford neutralized current acid waste simulant slurries SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; BEHAVIOR; VISCOSITY; PARTICLES AB Using a Couette viscometer, we investigated the dependence of the steady-shear viscosity of simulated neutralized current acid waste on pH and different acids. For a fixed weight percent of waste solids, the relative viscosity decreased as pH was lowered. The magnitude of the relative viscosity varied for the different acids. The values of random maximum packing for these different slurries were obtained using a floc-agglomerate structural model proposed by Tsutsumi et ol. (1994). As the weight percent of waste solids is normalized by the value of maximum packing, the relative viscosity data approximately fall onto a single master curve for a specific shear fate. A direct relationship between the macroscopic rheological properties (steady shear viscosity) and the suspension microstructure was established through the packing behavior of a suspension. A comparison of the strongly flocculated and noncolloidal suspensions indicates that besides the normalized weight fraction, the dependence of shear rate must be considered to estimate the relative viscosity for strongly flocculated suspensions. (C) 1996 Society of Rheology. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0148-6055 J9 J RHEOL JI J. Rheol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 40 IS 4 BP 483 EP 495 DI 10.1122/1.550756 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UV784 UT WOS:A1996UV78400002 ER PT J AU Li, F Franzen, HF Kramer, MJ AF Li, F Franzen, HF Kramer, MJ TI Ordering, incommensuration, and phase transitions in pyrrhotite .1. A TEM study of Fe7S8 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUPERSTRUCTURES AB Vacancy ordering in synthetic Fe7S8 at elevated temperature was studied using transmission electron microscopy. Two known idealized structures of Fe7S8 are monoclinic and trigonal based upon ABCD and ABC stacking of Kagome nets, respectively. The TEM results indicate a tendency for Fe7S8 to transform from monoclinic to trigonal between 200 and 300 degrees C. A. disordering of vacancies occurs above 300 degrees C and yields a partially filled CdI2-type structure. The Curie magnetic transition is associated with this vacancy-ordering transition, On slow cooling, it was found that the vacancies are ordered such as to tend to restore the Kagome nets and lead to ABCD and ABC layering. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT GEOL & ATMOSPHER SCI,AMES,IA 50011. NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 264 EP 271 DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0235 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UX805 UT WOS:A1996UX80500010 ER PT J AU Argyriou, DN Hinks, DG Mitchell, JF Potter, CD Schultz, AJ Young, DM Jorgensen, JD Bader, SD AF Argyriou, DN Hinks, DG Mitchell, JF Potter, CD Schultz, AJ Young, DM Jorgensen, JD Bader, SD TI The room temperature crystal structure of the perovskite Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Using both powder and single crystal neutron diffraction we have determined the room temperature structure of Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 from melt-grown crystalline material. Contrary to previous measurements on polycrystalline samples we find the room temperature structure of Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 is tetragonal, space group F4/mmc (a = 7.64093(5) Angstrom, c = 7.79104(8) Angstrom), The structure of Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 is related to the ideal primitive cubic perovskite structure by a single correlated rotation of MnO6 octahedra about the c axis. We find that MnO6 octahedra exhibit a small Jahn-Teller distortion (Delta(Mn-O) approximate to 0.02 Angstrom). (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCTIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Argyriou, DN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 9 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 381 EP 384 DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0253 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UX805 UT WOS:A1996UX80500028 ER PT J AU McGrath, WJ Ding, JZ Sweet, RM Mangel, WF AF McGrath, WJ Ding, JZ Sweet, RM Mangel, WF TI Preparation and crystallization of a complex between human adenovirus serotype 2 proteinase and its 11-amino-acid cofactor pVIc SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYPE-2 PROTEINASE; PROTEASE; PEPTIDE; ENDOPEPTIDASE; SPECIFICITY; CATALYSIS; RESIDUES AB Crystals have been obtained of the recombinant human adenovirus serotype 2 proteinase (AVP) in a complex with its 11-amino-acid cofactor pVIc. AVP-pVIc complexes were formed by the incubation of AVP with a 1.2-fold molar excess of pVIc prior to the crystallization trials. Diffraction-quality crystals were obtained at 18 degrees C by the vapor-diffusion method with 5.6 mg/ml AVP-pVIc in 1.4 M sodium acetate and 0.1 M Hepes, pH 7.5. Diffraction data (99% complete to 2.6 Angstrom resolution with R(merge) of 0.077) were collected from native crystals at room temperature at beamline X12-C at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The crystals belong to space group P6(1) with unit cell dimensions a = b = 114.2 Angstrom, c = 50.1 Angstrom; alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. The unit cell dimensions and likely mass of the molecular species in the crystals were consistent with there being one 25 000-Da complex (1:1) per asymmetric unit. Additionally, one heavy-atom derivative, obtained by the soaking of preformed crystals, was isomorphous to the native crystal. Diffraction data obtained on these crystals were 95% complete to 3.0 Angstrom resolution with an R(merge) of 0.076. Difference-Patterson analysis indicates three heavy atom sites in the derivative asymmetric unit. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26049] NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 117 IS 1 BP 77 EP 79 DI 10.1006/jsbi.1996.0072 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA VD225 UT WOS:A1996VD22500009 PM 8776891 ER PT J AU Candy, JV Thomas, GH Chinn, DJ Spicer, JB AF Candy, JV Thomas, GH Chinn, DJ Spicer, JB TI Laser ultrasonic signal processing: A model-reference approach SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-CONSTANT DETERMINATION; WAVES AB A model-reference approach is developed to solve the signal enhancement problem of a laser ultrasonics application for nondestructive evaluation. In this problem a sophisticated laser thermoelastic propagation model is used to synthesize the surface displacement of the specimen under test. Once synthesized, this model response is used as the reference signal in an optimal (minimum error variance) signal enhancement scheme. Both fixed and adaptive processors are considered in this application where it is shown that a significant improvement in signal levels can be achieved over the usual methods to enhance noisy data acquired from a Michelson interferometric measurement system and increase its overall sensitivity. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,CTR NONDESTRUCT EVALUAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-437,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Spicer, James/A-3312-2010 OI Spicer, James/0000-0002-3512-5503 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1121/1.415954 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400029 ER PT J AU Wang, HY Singh, RN Lowden, RA AF Wang, HY Singh, RN Lowden, RA TI Thermal shock behavior of two-dimensional woven fiber-reinforced ceramic composites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR INFILTRATION; MATRIX COMPOSITES; SILICON-CARBIDE; EXPANSION; GLASS; RESISTANCE; MODEL AB The thermal shock behavior of three types of two-dimensional woven, continuous fiber-reinforced (Nextel(TM) 312 (3M Co., St. Paul, MN) or Nicalon(TM) (Nippon Carbon, Tokyo, Japan)) ceramic matrix (silicon carbide matrix that had been processed by chemical vapor infiltration or polymer impregnation and pyrolysis) composites was studied using the water-quench technique. Thermal-shock-induced damage was characterized by a destructive technique of four-point flexure and a nondestructive technique of Young's modulus measurement by the dynamic resonance method. Compared with monolithic ceramics, the continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites were capable of preventing catastrophic failure that was caused by thermal shock. Analysis of the results that mere based on the stresses that were generated by thermal shock and the mismatch of thermal expansion between fibers and matrices suggested possible mechanisms of the thermal shock damage. Preliminary results showed evidence of matrix cracking and delamination because of the thermal shock damage, The feasibility of using the nondestructive technique to detect thermal shock damage also was demonstrated. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1783 EP 1792 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb07996.x PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UY841 UT WOS:A1996UY84100007 ER PT J AU Butt, DP Lackner, KS Wendt, CH Conzone, SD Kung, H Lu, YC Bremser, JK AF Butt, DP Lackner, KS Wendt, CH Conzone, SD Kung, H Lu, YC Bremser, JK TI Kinetics of thermal dehydroxylation and carbonation of magnesium hydroxide SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DECOMPOSITION; DEHYDRATION; DIOXIDE; MG(OH)2 AB The kinetics of simultaneous dehydroxylation and carbonation of precipitated Mg(OH)(2) were studied using isothermal and nonisothermal thermogravimetric analyses, Specimens were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and through measurements of the volume of carbon dioxide evolved in a subsequent reaction with hydrochloric acid, From 275 degrees to 475 degrees C, the kinetics of isothermal dehydroxylation in helium were best fit to a contracting-sphere model, yielding an activation energy of 146 kJ/mol, which was greater than values reported in the literature for isothermal dehydroxylation under vacuum (53-126 kJ/mol). The carbonation kinetics were complicated by the fact that dehydroxylation occurred simultaneously, The overall kinetics also could be fit to a contracting-sphere model, yielding a net activation energy of 304 kJ/mol. The most rapid carbonation kinetics occurred near 375 degrees C. At this temperature, Mg(OH)(2) underwent rapid dehydroxylation and subsequent phase transformation, whereas thermodynamics favored the formation of carbonate, During carbonation, MgCO3 precipitated on the surface of disrupted Mg(OH)(2) crystals acting as a kinetic barrier to both the outward diffusion of H2O and the inward diffusion of CO2. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Butt, DP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Butt, Darryl/B-7480-2008 OI Butt, Darryl/0000-0003-4501-8864 NR 43 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1892 EP 1898 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08010.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UY841 UT WOS:A1996UY84100021 ER PT J AU Gill, CG Garrett, AW Hemberger, PH Nogar, NS AF Gill, CG Garrett, AW Hemberger, PH Nogar, NS TI Resonant laser ablation as a selective metal ion source for gas-phase ion molecule reactions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL IONIZATION; ALKALI IONS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; CLUSTERS; DESORPTION; CHEMISTRY; REAGENTS; KETONES; BASES AB Resonant laser ablation (RLA) is used as a source to selectively generate multiple metal ion species fi-om the same sample. The capability of rapidly changing metal ions for gas-phase ion chemistry studies is a significant advantage in ion-molecule chemistry. The simple experimental arrangement uses relatively modest laser pulse energies (less than or equal to 25 mu J/pulse) from a tunable dye laser to desorb and selectively ionize different metal atoms from a multicomponent sample. In turn, this allows the chemistry of several components to be investigated without breaking vacuum or altering the experimental geometry, This work demonstrates the use of RLA as a selective source of several reagent metal ions for gas-phase ion chemistry investigations. In particular, the reactivity of acetone with Cr+,Fe+,Ni+, and Cu+ was examined for metal ions selectively created by RLA from a standard steel sample. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CST 1,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 7 BP 664 EP 667 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(96)85612-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UU180 UT WOS:A1996UU18000005 PM 24203481 ER PT J AU Schaub, H Robinett, RD Junkins, JL AF Schaub, H Robinett, RD Junkins, JL TI Adaptive external torque estimation by means of tracking a Lyapunov function SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB A real-time method is presented to adaptively estimate three-dimensional unmodeled external torques acting on a spacecraft. This is accomplished by forcing the tracking error dynamics to follow the Lyapunov function underlying the feedback control law. Some stability analysis is provided for the case of external torques. The methodology can be generally applied to Lyapunov-derived control laws and is not specific to the control law used in this paper. The adaptive external torque estimation is very robust in the presence of measurement noise, since a numerical integration is used instead of a numerical differentiation. Spacecraft modeling errors, such as in the inertia matrix, can also be compensated for by this method. Several examples illustrate the practical significance of these ideas. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Schaub, H (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP 373 EP 387 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WG114 UT WOS:A1996WG11400005 ER PT J AU Pamplin, KL Johnson, DC AF Pamplin, KL Johnson, DC TI Electrocatalysis of anodic oxygen-transfer reactions: Oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) at Bi(V)-doped PbO2-film electrodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BETA-LEAD DIOXIDE; ACIDIC MEDIA AB Voltammetric and coulometric results are described for the electrocatalytic oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) at the mixed bismuth(V)-lead(IV) dioxide film electrodes (designated Bi-PbO2) that are electrodeposited from acidic solutions of Pb(II) containing Bi(III). A current efficiency of 99.2% (sigma = 1.1%, N = 12) is obtained for galvanostatic generation of Cr(VI) at a preconditioned Bi-PbO2 film electrode. Preconditioning of the Bi-PbO2 film merely involves the generation of Cr(VI) which, based on scanning electron micrographs, is concluded tentatively to achieve chemical stripping of noncatalytic portions of the Bi-PbO2 films to produce films having greater electrocatalytic activity for the desired reaction. Electrochemical stripping of the Bi-PbO2 electrode had a similar preconditioning effect. Based on wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, electrochemical stripping resulted in an increase in surface Bi concentration of 33% relative to Pb. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP Pamplin, KL (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2119 EP 2125 DI 10.1149/1.1836969 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UY445 UT WOS:A1996UY44500018 ER PT J AU Simpson, LJ Melendres, CA AF Simpson, LJ Melendres, CA TI Surface-enhanced Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of corrosion films on iron in aqueous carbonate solution SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILVER ELECTRODES; PASSIVE FILMS; BORATE BUFFER; SPECTRA; SCATTERING; HYDROCARBONS; SPECTROSCOPY; BICARBONATE; CHROMIUM AB The corrosion films on iron in aqueous carbonate/bicarbonate solutions were studied as a function of concentration, pH, and temperature by using the technique of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with electrodeposited silver. Both Fe(OH)(2) and Fe3O4 were detected in the surface oxide film at prepassivation potentials. Iron carbonate (siderite) was observed in the corrosion film in a limited pH, temperature, and applied potential range. At lower carbonate/bicarbonate concentration (e.g., 0.01 M), passivation was lost, and continuous anodic dissolution of the iron occurred. The cathodic reduction of the corrosion film was enhanced at 75 degrees C. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Simpson, LJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2146 EP 2152 DI 10.1149/1.1836973 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UY445 UT WOS:A1996UY44500022 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S McBreen, J AF Mukerjee, S McBreen, J TI Hydrogen electrocatalysis by carbon supported Pt and Pt alloys - An in situ x-ray absorption study SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PLATINUM LOADING ELECTRODES; FINE-STRUCTURE TECHNIQUE; ELECTROCHEMICAL-CELL; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SURFACE RELAXATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; FUEL-CELLS; OXIDATION; EXAFS; CO AB In situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in 1 M HClO4 was used to examine the electronic and structural effects of hydrogen adsorption on carbon supported Pt (Pt/C) and Pt alloyed with first row transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni). In the case of Pt/C, potential excursions from the double layer region (0.54 V vs. RHE) to 0.0 V caused significant changes in the XAS spectra whereas none was observed for the alloys. The L(3) and L(2) x-ray absorption near edge structure indicated the generation of empty electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level due to adsorption of hydrogen, and the L(3) extended x-ray absorption fine structure indicated an increase in the coordination number of the first Pt-Pt shell from 9 to 11. The latter was attributed to a reversible surface restructuring process. Alloying of the Pt suppresses both the electronic and structural effects at 0.0 V. A comparison of the electrochemical kinetics for hydrogen oxidation by these electrocatalysts in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell indicated that alloying of the Pt had insignificant effects on the kinetics. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, DIV MAT SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 49 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2285 EP 2294 DI 10.1149/1.1836995 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UY445 UT WOS:A1996UY44500044 ER PT J AU Russell, SW Rack, MJ Adams, D Alford, TL Levine, TE Nastasi, M AF Russell, SW Rack, MJ Adams, D Alford, TL Levine, TE Nastasi, M TI Titanium nitridation on copper surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RAPID THERMAL NITRIDATION; ELASTIC RECOIL DETECTION; CORROSION; FILMS; SILICIDATION; OXIDATION; NITRIDES; TI AB Cu74Ti25 alloy films were annealed in flowing NH3 at temperatures of 450 to 700 degrees C. Ti segregates to the free surface to form TiN, leaving nearly pure Cu in the remaining metal film. Elastic recoil detection and Auger electron spectroscopy were applied to investigate the chemistry of the as-formed nitride as a function of anneal temperature. The use of these two techniques in tandem offers a combination of standardless compositional determination, excellent mass and depth resolution, and chemical bonding information. The Ti:N ratio is nearly 1.0 for T greater than or equal to 550 degrees C, and the nitride contains similar to 6 atom percent O. The amount of nitrogen incorporated increases with temperature with an activation energy of 0.6 eV. A native Ti oxide remaining at the TiN/Cu interface suggests Ti is the dominant diffusing species during nitridation. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM BIO & MAT ENGN,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR SOLID STATE ELECTR RES,TEMPE,AZ 85287. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2349 EP 2353 DI 10.1149/1.1837005 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UY445 UT WOS:A1996UY44500054 ER PT J AU Danehy, PM Farrow, RL AF Danehy, PM Farrow, RL TI Comparison of degenerate four-wave mixing line shapes from population- and thermal-grating scattering SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTRA; NO; STRENGTHS; FLAMES AB We report detailed measurements of transition line shapes of degenerate four-wave mixing in the A (2) Sigma(+)(v' = 0) <-- X (II)-I-2(v '' = 0) band of nitric oxide. We compared spectra obtained under conditions in which either population or thermal gratings were significant. Under conditions in which population gratings were significant, spectral lines were narrower and had intensities that varied more rapidly with the absorption B coefficient than in spectra dominated by thermal-grating scattering. In both cases we found excellent agreement with calculations that used perturbation theory to describe the population-grating contributions and the squared absorption spectra to describe the thermal-grating contributions. Our results show that quantitative prediction of degenerate four-wave mixing spectra requires relatively detailed knowledge of the ratio of contributions from the two mechanisms. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Danehy, PM (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,HIGH TEMP GASDYNAM LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1412 EP 1418 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.001412 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA UY475 UT WOS:A1996UY47500010 ER PT J AU Kramer, CF Thode, HC Kahn, CJ Barancik, JI AF Kramer, CF Thode, HC Kahn, CJ Barancik, JI TI Untitled - Reply SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter RP Kramer, CF (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 1996 VL 41 IS 1 BP 169 EP 170 DI 10.1097/00005373-199607000-00031 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA UX857 UT WOS:A1996UX85700036 ER PT J AU Miller, DL Thomas, RM Thrall, BD AF Miller, DL Thomas, RM Thrall, BD TI The role of ultraviolet light in the induction of cellular DNA damage by a spark-gap lithotripter in vitro SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA repair; aphidicolin; novobiocin; shockwaves; lithotripsy-adverse effects ID SHOCK-WAVES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; REPAIR; INVITRO; IRRADIATION; POLYMERASES; NOVOBIOCIN; INHIBITORS AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms for DNA d Materials and Methods: Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells suspended in phosphate buffered saline were exposed in small chambers placed at the focus of a lithotripter in a 37C water bath. Viability was checked by trypan blue exclusion, and DNA strand breaks were evaluated with the comet assay after exposure. Results: About 50% cell lysis and significant DNA damage in surviving-cells were found after 500 discharges, The strand break effect, but not the lysis, could be eliminated by blocking the light emitted by the discharge. The exposure chamber material influenced the results, and use of a nutrient medium with serum reduced the observed effects. The DNA damage was eliminated by added novobiocin and enhanced by added aphidicolin, as expected for strand breaks associated with repair of ultraviolet light damage. the DNA strand-break effect of 500 spark-gap discharges a approximated that obtained from a positive control treatment with 38 J/m.(2) 254 nm. ultraviolet light. Conclusions: Thus, the observed DNA damage appears to result from exposure of cells to the ultraviolet light emissions of the mark-gap discharge, rather than to the shockwaves or shockwave induced cavitation, which causes the cell lysis. Exposure of the skin to this ultraviolet light during lithotripsy might have some clinical implications for prolonged or repeated treatment. RP Miller, DL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA42947] NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 156 IS 1 BP 286 EP 290 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)66018-X PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UQ317 UT WOS:A1996UQ31700096 PM 8648825 ER PT J AU Turner, WC AF Turner, WC TI Ion desorption stability in superconducting high energy physics proton colliders SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article AB In this article we extend our previous analysis of a cold beam tube vacuum in a superconducting proton collider to include ion desorption in addition to thermal desorption and synchrotron radiation induced photodesorption. The ion desorption terms introduce the possibility of vacuum instability. This is similar to the classical room temperature case but is now modified by the inclusion of ion desorption coefficients for cryosorbed (physisorbed) molecules which can greatly exceed the coefficients for tightly bound molecules. The sojourn time concept for physisorbed H-2 is generalized to include photodesorption and ion desorption as well as the usually considered thermal desorption. The ion desorption rate is density dependent and divergent so at the onset of instability the sojourn time goes to zero. Experimental data are used to evaluate the H-2 sojourn time for the conditions of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the situation is found to be stable. The sojourn time is dominated by photodesorption for surface density s(H-2) less than a monolayer and by thermal desorption for s(H-2) greater than a monolayer. For a few percent of a monolayer, characteristic of a beam screen, the photodesorption rate exceeds the ion desorption rate by more than two orders of magnitude. The photodesorption rate corresponds to a sojourn time of approximately 100 s. The article then turns to the evaluation of stability margins and the inclusion of gases heavier than H-2 (CO CO2, and CH4), where ion desorption introduces coupling between molecular species. Stability conditions are worked out for a simple cold beam tube, a cold beam tube pumped from the ends, and a cold beam tube with a coaxial perforated beam screen. In each case a simple inequality for stability of a single component is replaced by a determinant that must be greater than zero for a gas mixture. A connection with the general theory of feedback stability is made and it is shown that the gains of the diagonal uncoupled feedback loops are first order in the ion desorption coefficients whereas the gains of the off-diagonal coupled feedback loops are second order and higher. For this reason it turns out that in practical cases stability is dominated by the uncoupled diagonal elements and the inverse of the largest first-order closed loop Pain is a useful estimate of the margin of stability. In contrast to the case of a simple cold beam tube, the stability condition for a beam screen does not contain the desorption coefficient for physisorbed molecules, even when the screen temperature is low enough that there is a finite surface density of them on the screen surface. Consequently there does not appear to be any particular advantage to operating the beam screen at a high enough temperature to avoid physisorption. Numerical estimates of ion desorption stability are given for a number of cases relevant to the LHC and all of the ones likely to be encountered were found to be stable. The most important case, a 1% transparency beam screen at similar to 4.2 K, was found to have a stability safety margin of approximately 17 determined by ion desorption of CO. Ion desorption of H-2 is about a factor of 75 less stringent than CO. For these estimates the beam tube surface was assumed to be chemically cleaned but otherwise untreated, for example, by a vacuum bakeout or by glow discharge cleaning. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Turner, WC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2026 EP 2038 DI 10.1116/1.580078 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA964 UT WOS:A1996VA96400009 ER PT J AU Blain, MG Meisenheimer, TL Stevens, JE AF Blain, MG Meisenheimer, TL Stevens, JE TI Role of nitrogen in the downstream etching of silicon nitride SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article AB Chemical downstream etching of silicon nitride (Si3N4) requires the addition of nitrogen to the discharge for obtaining efficient etch rates. A 10% addition of N-2 to a CF4/O-2 discharge (CF4/O-2 = 1.2, 0.525 Torr) causes a factor of 6 increase in the Si3N4 etch rate and a 8% decrease in the silicon dioxide etch rate. The result is selectivities approaching 9:1. Importantly, the conversion of CF4 to F and F-containing reactive species by the discharge decreases or remains constant as nitrogen is added to the discharge mix, indicating that the etching reaction is not limited by delivery of these species to the substrate. By measuring the amount of NO and NO2 in the etch chamber, it is found that the NO concentration increases by a factor of 6 as N-2 is added, while the amount of NO2 remains small and constant. The NO signal is significantly reduced during nitride etching compared to the signal observed during a discharge with an empty etch chamber, implying that the increase in Si3N4 etch rate is related to the formation of NO in the discharge. This view is consistent with the observation that an NF3 plasma in a quartz discharge tube results in a nitride etch rate which is a factor of 2 higher than for the same discharge in a sapphire tube. The conclusion is that the oxygen liberated by erosion of the quartz tube allows the formation of NO. That NO is a key Si3N4 etch reactant was confirmed by performing a series of experiments in which N-2, NO, NO2, and N2O were injected into the discharge and then downstream in the reaction chamber during a CF4/O-2 discharge. Nitride etch rates increased significantly upon injection of NO into both discharge and etch chamber as compared to injection of the other NxOy species. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Blain, MG (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MICROELECT DEV LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2151 EP 2157 DI 10.1116/1.580039 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA964 UT WOS:A1996VA96400024 ER PT J AU Hebner, GA AF Hebner, GA TI Negative ion density in inductively coupled chlorine plasmas SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; REFERENCE CELL; RF DISCHARGE; ELECTRON; KINETICS; MODEL; CL AB Laser photodetachment spectroscopy has been used to infer the density of chlorine negative ions in an inductively coupled chlorine plasma. Time dependent, excess electron density produced by photodetaching electrons from Cl- was detected by a microwave interferometer operating at 80 GHz. By focusing the microwave probe beam through the center of the discharge, negative ion density measurements could be performed in a small, 1.5 cm(3), volume. As the rf power into the plasma increased from 155 to 340 W at 20 mTorr, the Cl- density in the center of the bulk plasma increased from 3.4 to 5.2x10(11) cm(-3). As the pressure was increased from 15 to 50 mTorr at 240 W, the Cl- density increased from 3.5 to 5x10(11) cm(3). Over this parameter space, the negative ion density equaled the electron density to within a factor of 2. The negative ion radial distribution was relatively constant, with a 20% decrease in the center of the plasma for some operating conditions. When the surface of the bias electrode was changed from stainless steel to silicon, the electron density remained constant but the Cl- density decreased by a factor of 2 to 3. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Hebner, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 38 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2158 EP 2162 DI 10.1116/1.580040 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA964 UT WOS:A1996VA96400025 ER PT J AU Basol, BM Kapur, VK Halani, A Leidholm, CR Sharp, J Sites, JR Swartzlander, A Matson, R Ullal, H AF Basol, BM Kapur, VK Halani, A Leidholm, CR Sharp, J Sites, JR Swartzlander, A Matson, R Ullal, H TI Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 thin films and solar cells prepared by selenization of metallic precursors SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article AB CuIn(1-x)GaxSe2 (CIGS) thin films with Ga ratio, x, ranging from 0.55 to 0.75 were grown on Mo/glass substrates by the selenization of metallic precursors in a H2Se atmosphere. Without a postdeposition annealing step the films were found to have a highly graded composition that became Ga rich near the absorber/Mo interface. A high-temperature annealing step promoted diffusion of Ga to the surface region of the films. These absorbers were used to fabricate glass/Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO thin-film solar cells with open-circuit voltages ranging from 0.4 to 0.74 V and efficiencies approaching 12%. Devices, as well as the absorber layers, were characterized. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP Basol, BM (reprint author), INT SOLAR ELECT TECHNOL,8635 AVIAT BLVD,INGLEWOOD,CA 90301, USA. NR 12 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2251 EP 2256 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA964 UT WOS:A1996VA96400041 ER PT J AU Booth, JL Beard, BT Stevens, JE Blain, MG Meisenheimer, TL AF Booth, JL Beard, BT Stevens, JE Blain, MG Meisenheimer, TL TI In situ wafer temperature monitoring of silicon etching using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AB Real time, in situ temperature measurements during chemical downstream etching of silicon wafers have been performed using a diffuse reflectance spectroscopy based sensor [Weilmeier et. nl., Can. J. Phys. 69, 422 (1991)]. The spectrometer has a spatial resolution of 1 cm(2), updates the temperature every 2 s, and has a temperature resolution of better than 1 degrees C. The thermal time constant the wafers and the thermally regulated electrostatic chuck (10 degrees C5x10(4) L) exposures, however, the surface begins to etch, as indicated by the continuous uptake of chlorine and the formation of As and Ga chlorides. After the largest exposures, the distribution of As chlorides still favors the monochloride, whereas the Ga chlorides favor GaCl2. It is proposed that the heavily reacted surface is covered with -AsCl-GaCl2 treelike structures. The addition of C1 to form GaCl3 from GaCl2 is identified as the rate-limiting step in the overall etching reaction. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2909 EP 2913 DI 10.1116/1.588933 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100080 ER PT J AU Chang, YL Cao, R Spicer, WE Pianetta, P Shi, S Hu, E Merz, J AF Chang, YL Cao, R Spicer, WE Pianetta, P Shi, S Hu, E Merz, J TI Interaction of hydrogen ions with oxidized GaAs(100) and AlAs(100) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces CY JAN 21-25, 1996 CL LA JOLLA, CA SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID QUANTUM-WELLS; LUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY; GUN HYDROGENATION; GAAS-SURFACES; FERMI LEVEL; PASSIVATION AB We have performed photoemission experiments, using a tunable soft x-ray synchrotron radiation source to study the chemical changes of oxidized GaAs and AlAs surfaces subject to exposure from hydrogen ions. Results indicate that the net effects for hydrogen ion irradiation are (i) the reduction of arsenic and (ii) the growth Of the cation oxide components. The reduction of arsenic can result from the formation/desorption of arsine. The oxide overlayer after hydrogen ion treatments is dominated by cation oxides which are the more stable chemical species as described in the phase diagram. This oxide layer should then remain stable in atmosphere. These results can provide insight into the chemical reaction between hydrogen ions and oxidized AlGaAs surfaces. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,CTR QUANTIZED ELECT STRUCT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT ELECT ENGN,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2914 EP 2917 DI 10.1116/1.588934 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100081 ER PT J AU Young, AT Padmore, HA Smith, NV AF Young, AT Padmore, HA Smith, NV TI X-ray magnetic microscopy and spectroscopy using a third generation synchrotron radiation source SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ULTRATHIN FILMS; ABSORPTION; NICKEL; IRON AB Applications of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) to the study of magnetic materials are described. XMCD spectra can be used to quantitatively determine magnetic properties on an element-specific basis. These spectra are also sensitive to the chemical state and environment of the element being probed. The dichroism effect can also be used to produce images of microscopic magnetic structures and domains. Third generation synchrotron light sources are well suited to these experiments. Current and planned facilities at the Advanced Light Source, the first of the new light sources in the U.S., are described, focusing on a new facility with specialized undulators which will directly produce high flux, high brightness beams of circularly polarized x-rays. With new beamlines which have been optimized for either spectroscopy or microscopy, this facility will provide the capability to provide detailed information about magnetic materials. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Young, AT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ADV LIGHT SOURCE,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3119 EP 3125 DI 10.1116/1.589073 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100115 ER PT J AU Waddill, GD Tobin, JG Guo, X Tong, SY AF Waddill, GD Tobin, JG Guo, X Tong, SY TI Probing surface and thin film magnetic structure with circularly polarized synchrotron radiation SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; X-RAY DICHROISM; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FE; CU(100); FE/CU(001); PRINCIPLES; EXCHANGE; GROWTH; RANGE AB A new group of techniques predicated on the availability of a tunable source of circularly polarized soft x-rays show tremendous potential for advancing the understanding of magnetic nanostructures. These techniques involve use of circularly polarized radiation as probes in x-ray absorption and x-ray photoemission and photoelectron diffraction studies, and provide unique information about the element specific magnetic moments and magnetic structure of thin films, interfaces, and surfaces. Examples of each technique will be discussed with emphasis given to the recently demonstrated first observation of spin-dependent photoelectron diffraction using circularly polarized x-rays. This technique promises the direct, element specific determination of local magnetic structure on an atomic scale, and will be of tremendous utility in the effort to establish structure-property relationships in magnetic nanostructures. Circularly polarized x-rays are used to produce spin-polarized photoelectrons from the Fe 2p spin-orbit doublet. Intensity asymmetries of up to similar to 3% are observed for the 2P(3/2) sublevel. These asymmetries depend on the relative orientation of the x-ray polarization vector and the sample magnetization as well as upon the photoelectron kinetic energy and emission direction. Multiple scattering calculations are found to reproduce both the observed energy and angular asymmetry variations. Strategies to increase the measured effect are also discussed. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV WISCONSIN,SURFACE STUDIES LAB,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201. RP Waddill, GD (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,ROLLA,MO 65401, USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3152 EP 3159 DI 10.1116/1.588799 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100121 ER PT J AU Kawakami, RK EscorciaAparicio, EJ Qiu, ZQ AF Kawakami, RK EscorciaAparicio, EJ Qiu, ZQ TI Investigation of face-centered-cubic Fe thin films using wedged samples SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID FCC FE; SPIN REORIENTATION; EPITAXIAL-FILMS; CU(100); OSCILLATIONS; FE/CU(100); PERIOD; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY AB The structural and magnetic properties of metastable face-centered-cubic (fcc) Fe thin films on fee Co(100) substrate were studied using wedged samples, fee Co(100) was chosen for the substrate because it is structurally very similar to Cu(100) but is ferromagnetic at room temperature. Reflection high energy electron diffraction and low energy electron diffraction characterizations confirm that epitaxially grown (MBE) Fe on Co(100) is structurally very similar to Fe on Cu(100): face-centered-tetragonal (fct) for d(Fe)< 6 ML, fee for 6 ML < d(Fe) < 11 ML, bcc for d(Fe) > 11 ML. In situ surface magneto-optic Ken effect measurements show that at room temperature the fct and bcc regions are ferromagnetic, while the fee region is nonferromagnetic with some magnetic live layers. All magnetizations are in-plane. Oxygen absorption experiments suggest that these live layers are at the Fe/Co interface. Low temperature growth Fe/Co(100) shows a Ken signal that increases linearly with d(Fe) and suggests that the magnetic moments for fee Fe and bcc Fe are the same. To further study the magnetic properties of the nonferromagnetic ''fcc'' phase, we used metastable fee Fe as a spacer layer between two Co layers. The Co/fcc Fe/Co on Cu(100) sandwiches exhibit ferromagnetic coupling, strong antiferromagnetic coupling (AFC) and weak AFC. An oscillation in the strong AFC was found by artificially lengthening the thickness range of the nonferromagnetic fee phase. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Kawakami, RK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016 OI Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3164 EP 3170 DI 10.1116/1.588801 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100123 ER PT J AU Tobin, JG Goodman, KW Mankey, GJ Willis, RF Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Warwick, A AF Tobin, JG Goodman, KW Mankey, GJ Willis, RF Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Warwick, A TI Magnetic x-ray dichroism in the spectroscopy of ultrathin magnetic alloy films SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; LINEARLY POLARIZED-LIGHT; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; NI ALLOYS; MULTILAYERS; SPIN; FE; PHOTOELECTRON; SCATTERING AB The magnetic structure of nanoscale alloy films has been probed using the magnetic x-ray Linear dichroism in photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetic x-ray circular dichroism in x-ray absorption spectroscopy. FeNi and CoFe epitaxial films were grown on Cu(001), in situ and using MBE techniques. Because soft x-rays were used to probe the 2p and 3p core levels, both elemental selectivity and magnetic sensitivity were achieved simultaneously. Correlation of these magnetic techniques with compositional and structural information will be done. Ultimately, from studies such as this a complete determination of the structure-property relationships will be achievable. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Tobin, JG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Tobin, James/O-6953-2015; Mankey, Gary/G-9110-2011 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Mankey, Gary/0000-0003-3163-5159 NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3171 EP 3175 DI 10.1116/1.588802 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100124 ER PT J AU Sham, TK Shek, ML Hrbek, J VanCampen, DG AF Sham, TK Shek, ML Hrbek, J VanCampen, DG TI Mn 3s multiplet splitting of pseudomorphic Mn overlayers on Ru(001) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID FILMS; FE; SURFACE AB The Mn 3s multiplet splitting for a series of Mn overlayers on Ru(001) has been measured with synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. These overlayers were prepared by vapor deposition of Mn onto a Ru(001) substrate at a monolayer/minute dosing rate at room temperature. Under these conditions, the Mn overlayers grow pseudomorphically to multilayer coverages. It is found that this system exhibits a noticeable increase in the Mn 3s multiplet splitting and a positive binding energy shift as the coverage increases from monolayer to multilayer (12 ML). These results are attributed to the increase in the atomic volume, and hence the local magnetic moment at the Mn site on the average, with increasing coverage. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Sham, TK (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT CHEM,LONDON,ON N6A 5B7,CANADA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3199 EP 3202 DI 10.1116/1.588807 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100129 ER PT J AU Segalman, DJ Dohrmann, CR AF Segalman, DJ Dohrmann, CR TI A method for calculating the dynamics of rotating flexible structures .1. Derivation SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID SPINNING ELASTIC BODIES; MODAL ANALYSIS; MOVING BASE; BEAM; EQUATIONS; MOTIONS; BODY AB The problem of calculating the vibrations of rotating structures has challenged analysts since it was observed that the use of traditional modal approaches may incorrectly lend to the prediction of infinite deformation when rotation rates exceed the first natural frequency. Much recently published work on beams has shown that such predictions are artifacts of incorporating incomplete kinematics into the analysis, but only simple structures such as individual beams and plates are addressed. The authors present a new approach to analyzing rotating flexible structures that applies to the rotation of general linear (unjointed) structures, using a system of nonlinearly coupled deformation modes. This technique, tentatively named a Method of Quadratic Components, utilizes a nonlinear configuration space in which all kinematic constraints are satisfied up to second order. RP Segalman, DJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,STRUCT DYNAM DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.1115/1.2888183 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UZ743 UT WOS:A1996UZ74300006 ER PT J AU Segalman, DJ Dohrmann, CR Slavin, AM AF Segalman, DJ Dohrmann, CR Slavin, AM TI A method for calculating the dynamics of rotating flexible structures .2. Example calculations SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID MOTIONS; BEAMS AB The problem of calculating the vibrations of rotating structures has challenged analysts since the observation that use of traditional modal coordinates in such problems leads to the prediction of instability involving infinite deformation when rotation rates exceed the first natural frequency. A method using a system of nonlinearly coupled deformation modes to analyze rotating general, lineal (unjointed) structures that addresses the problem of erroneously predicting infinite deformations has been presented in a preceding paper (Segalman and Dohrmann, 1995). This technique is employed to address several types of problems ranging from simple beams to an inflated membrane structure. Some of the details of exploiting existing finite element codes to evaluate the relevant matrices are also developed. RP Segalman, DJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,STRUCT DYNAM & CONTROLS DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 318 EP 322 DI 10.1115/1.2888184 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UZ743 UT WOS:A1996UZ74300007 ER PT J AU Rao, U Fehn, U Teng, RTD Goff, F AF Rao, U Fehn, U Teng, RTD Goff, F TI Sources of chloride in hydrothermal fluids from the Valles caldera, New Mexico: A Cl-36 study SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; JEMEZ VOLCANIC FIELD; RESIDENCE TIMES; CORE HOLE; EVOLUTION; GEOCHEMISTRY; GROUNDWATER; GEOLOGY; STRIPA; WATERS AB The Valles caldera in New Mexico hosts a high-temperature geothermal system, which is manifested in a number of hot springs discharging in and around the caldera. In order to determine the fluid pathways and the origin of chloride in this system, we measured Cl-36/Cl ratios in waters from high-temperature drill holes and from surface springs in this region. The waters fall into two general categories: recent meteoric water samples with low Cl- concentrations (<10 mg/L) and relatively high Cl-36/Cl ratios [(300-1000) x 10(-15)]; and geothermal brines with high Cl- concentrations (800-9400 mg/L) but low Cl-36/Cl ratios [(11-26) x 10(-15)]. The Cl-36/Cl ratios for meteoric waters are slightly higher than expected for this region, suggesting a small addition of anthropogenic Cl-36. Because of low Cl-36/Cl ratios and high Cl- concentrations in the brines, chloride in these waters must be derived from subsurface sources. A comparison between the observed Cl-36/Cl ratios in the brines and those calculated for potential source formations in this region indicates that the present host formations, mainly volcanic tuffs, cannot be major sources of chloride, and that formations at greater depth, such as the Paleozoic and Precambrian formations are more likely to be sources of chloride in the brines. The results suggest that brines are meteoric waters which penetrated into the basement where they derive chloride from leaching of basement rocks and/or from saline pore fluids trapped there, along with likely addition of chloride from Paleozoic strata. Although these fluids have since come to reside in the intracaldera volcanic sequence after convective upwelling, they do not derive much Cl- from the volcanic strata; and residence times of fluids in the volcanics are < 100,000 years. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Rao, U (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,601 ELMWOOD AVE,ROCHESTER,NY 14627, USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 72 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(95)00069-0 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VC510 UT WOS:A1996VC51000004 ER PT J AU Riley, WJ Gadgil, AJ Nazaroff, WW AF Riley, WJ Gadgil, AJ Nazaroff, WW TI Wind-induced ground-surface pressures around a single-family house SO JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE wind-induced ground-surface pressures; soil-gas transport; radon entry; wind effects ID FULL-SCALE; RADON; TRANSPORT; TUNNEL; FLOW AB Wind induces a ground-surface pressure field around a building that can substantially affect the flow of soil gas and thereby the entry of radon and other soil-gas contaminants into the building. To quantify the effect of the wind-induced ground-surface pressure held on contaminant entry rates, the mean ground-surface pressure field was experimentally measured in a wind tunnel for several incidence angles of the wind, two atmospheric boundary layers, and two house geometries. The experimentally measured ground-surface pressure fields are compared with those predicted by a k-epsilon turbulence model. Despite the fundamental limitations in applying a k-epsilon model to a system with flow separation, predictions from the numerical simulations were good for the two wind incidence angles tested. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008; Riley, William/D-3345-2015; OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357; Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304; Gadgil, Ashok/0000-0002-0357-9455 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6105 J9 J WIND ENG IND AEROD JI J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 61 IS 2-3 BP 153 EP 167 DI 10.1016/0167-6105(96)00045-1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VG917 UT WOS:A1996VG91700004 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI After thought: The computer challenge to human intelligence - Bailey,J SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burton, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 12 BP 144 EP 144 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA UX600 UT WOS:A1996UX60000262 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI The coming energy revolution: The search for free energy - Manning,J SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burton, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 12 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA UX600 UT WOS:A1996UX60000281 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG TI Efficient computation of potential energy first and second derivatives for molecular dynamics, normal coordinate analysis, and molecular mechanics calculations SO MACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS LA English DT Article ID FORCE-FIELD; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; SIMULATIONS; POLYMERS; 1ST AB By using two- and three-body internal coordinates and their derivatives as intermediates, it is possible to enormously simplify formulas for three- and four-body internal coordinates and their derivatives. Using this approach, simple formulas are presented for stretch (two-body), two types of bend (three-body), and wag and two types of torsion (four-body) internal coordinates and their first and second derivatives. The formulas are eminently suitable for economizing molecular dynamics and molecular mechanics calculations and normal coordinate analysis of complicated potential energy surfaces. Efficient methods for computing derivatives of entire potential energy terms, and in particular cross terms or terms with switching functions, are presented. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUTHIG & WEPF VERLAG PI BASEL PA AUF DEM WOLF 4 FX#001-41-61-317-94-11, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-1344 J9 MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL JI Macromol. Theory Simul. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 4 BP 771 EP 788 DI 10.1002/mats.1996.040050410 PG 18 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VA042 UT WOS:A1996VA04200010 ER PT J AU Pellegrino, J Radebaugh, R Mattes, BR AF Pellegrino, J Radebaugh, R Mattes, BR TI Gas sorption in polyaniline .1. Emeraldine base SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; POLYMERS; MEMBRANES; FILMS AB Measurements of the sorption isotherms (at 298 K) for Ar, O-2, and N-2 in several polyaniline emeraldine base (PANi-EB) forms were made (as-cast film, powder, and fully undoped film) over the pressure range 100-1300 kPa. Model fits of the sorption isotherms were made using a modified Flory-Huggins equation (MFHE) and a dual mode sorption equation. In general, the variation of parameters for the MFHE was consistent with morphological interpretations from prior X-ray scattering studies. The ordering of gas sorption with respect to a particular PANi-EB form correlates with the relative sizes and condensabilities of the gas molecules. We see evidence that the morphological variations between different PANi-EB forms, as indicated by their He densities and X-ray scattering data, affects the ratio of O-2/N-2 solubilities primarily through restricted access to available free volume. From our current measurements of solubilities and prior results for the O-2 and N-2 permeabilities, we conclude that the O-2/N-2 ideal separation factor is due to diffusivity selectivity in an as-cast PANi-EB him and solubility selectivity in a fully undoped one. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87575. RP Pellegrino, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,PHYS & CHEM PROPERTIES DIV,325 BROADWAY,83801 & 83809,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. OI PELLEGRINO, JOHN/0000-0001-7749-5003 NR 23 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 14 BP 4985 EP 4991 DI 10.1021/ma951333x PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UY489 UT WOS:A1996UY48900025 ER PT J AU Verhoeven, JD Pendray, AH Gibson, ED AF Verhoeven, JD Pendray, AH Gibson, ED TI Wootz Damascus steel blades SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID PATTERN AB Wootz Damascus steel blades contain surface patterns produced by bands of cementite particles which are generated in situ as the blades are forged from small ingots. A process for making these blades has recently been developed which involves making ingots in a gas-fired furnace followed by forging to blade shapes. This study presents a series of additional experiments which provide strong evidence that the mechanism responsible for the formation of the aligned cementite bands is similar to the mechanism that produces banded hypoeutectoid steels. That mechanism attributes the selective formation of ferrite bands to microsegregated alloying elements. The results of this study show that the cementite bands will form in ultraclean hypereutectoid, steels (P and S levels <0.003wt.%) by the addition of small amounts of the carbide-forming elements V, Cr, and Ti at a combined level of <0.02wt%. The results present strong evidence that the cementite bands are formed by a selective coarsening of cementite particles during the thermal cycling of the forging process. The particle coarsening is induced to occur preferentially in the interdendritic regions of the alloys by the very small additions of the carbide-forming elements. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1996 C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. ABS MASTER BLADESMITH,WILLISTON,FL 32696. RP Verhoeven, JD (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 9 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S1044-5803(96)00019-8 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VT959 UT WOS:A1996VT95900002 ER PT J AU Swenson, D Chang, YA AF Swenson, D Chang, YA TI Phase equilibria in the In-Ni-As system at 600 degrees C SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phase equilibria; X-ray diffraction; electron probe microanalysis; indium arsenide ID STABLE OHMIC CONTACTS; INTERFACIAL REACTIONS; GAAS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ARSENIDE AB Phase equilibria are established in the In-Ni-As system at 600 degrees C using X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. An In-rich liquid phase, NiAs2 and NiAs are demonstrated to be in thermodynamic equilibrium with InAs. The most prominent feature of the system is a solution phase, denoted the zeta phase, which probably completely traverses the isotherm from the phase NiAs in the Ni-As binary system to the phase zeta in the In-Ni binary system. A ternary phase with the average composition Ni0.75In0.16As0.09 is found to exist in the In-Ni-As system as well. It crystallizes in the cubic BiF3 or Fe3Si (D0(3)) structure, with the lattice parameter a = 0.58437 +/- 8 nm. The results of the present: investigation are compared with earlier studies of phase equilibria in the In-Ni-As system. The utility of In-Ni and Ni-As phases as thermodynamically stable contact materials to InAs is also discussed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Swenson, D (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-370,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 3 BP 232 EP 240 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(95)01576-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VB581 UT WOS:A1996VB58100013 ER PT J AU Gray, GT Meyers, MA Thadhani, NN AF Gray, GT Meyers, MA Thadhani, NN TI Dynamic behavior of materials - Proceedings of the symposium held during materials week, October 2-6, 1994, Rosemont, Illinois .2. SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP Gray, GT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 1737 EP 1737 DI 10.1007/BF02651922 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UZ590 UT WOS:A1996UZ59000001 ER PT J AU Maurice, D Courtney, TH AF Maurice, D Courtney, TH TI Milling dynamics .2. Dynamics of a SPEX mill and a one-dimensional mill SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The dynamics of mechanical milling can be described in either local or global terms. Local descriptions consider aspects of powder deformation, fracture, acid welding that transpire when powder is entrapped between grinding media during a typical media collision. Global descriptions consider heterogeneous aspects of milling in specific grinding devices; for example, the distribution of impact energies and powder segregation within a mill. In part I of this series, we described facets of attritor global dynamics. In this article, we do the same for a SPEX* mill and for a hypothetical one-dimensional vibratory mill. In a following companion article, we compare the dynamics of an attritor with a SPEX mill and, by extension, other kinds of mills. Specific attention is paid to the relative efficiencies of these devices and the characteristics of powder processed in them. C1 US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. NR 10 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 1973 EP 1979 DI 10.1007/BF02651946 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UZ590 UT WOS:A1996UZ59000025 ER PT J AU Maurice, D Courtney, TH AF Maurice, D Courtney, TH TI Milling dynamics .3. Integration of local and global modeling of mechanical alloying devices SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CU-NB POWDERS AB In previous articles, we have attempted to describe the global dynamics of an attritor and a SPEX mill, two devices commonly used for mechanical alloying (MA). In this, the last of this series, we compare and contrast these devices with respect to a number of features. These include alloying kinetics and the properties, scale, and structure of processed powder. In addition, we illustrate how a ''local'' description of MA is useful in examining the interaction between material properties and process parameters, the latter of which is often imposed by the characteristics of the device used to achieve MA. C1 MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP Maurice, D (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 9 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 1981 EP 1986 DI 10.1007/BF02651947 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UZ590 UT WOS:A1996UZ59000026 ER PT J AU Brown, P Hildebrand, AR Green, DWE Page, D Jacobs, C Revelle, D Tagliaferri, E Wacker, J Wetmiller, B AF Brown, P Hildebrand, AR Green, DWE Page, D Jacobs, C Revelle, D Tagliaferri, E Wacker, J Wetmiller, B TI The fall of the St-Robert meteorite SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INNISFREE METEORITE; FIREBALLS; METEOROIDS; RECORDS; ORBIT; FRAGMENTATION; NUCLIDES; NETWORK AB The St-Robert (Quebec, Canada) meteorite shower occurred on 1994 June 15 at 0h02m UT accompanied by detonations audible for >200 km from the fireball endpoint. The fireball was recorded by visual observers in Vermont, New York State, New Hampshire, Quebec and Ontario as well as by optical and infrared sensors in Earth-orbit. Penetration to an altitude of 36 km occurred similar to 60 km to the northeast of Montreal, where the bolide experienced several episodes of fragmentation. A total of 20 fragments of this H5 chondrite, comprising a total mass of 25.4 kg, were recovered in an ellipse measuring 8 x 3.5 km. One fragment of the shower partially penetrated the aluminum roof of a shed. Interpretation of the visual and satellite data suggests that the fireball traveled from south-southwest to north-northeast, with a slope from the horizontal of 55 degrees-61 degrees. A statistical evaluation of the likely heliocentric orbits for the body prior to collision with the Earth, coupled with theoretical modeling of the entry, suggests an entry velocity in the range of 12.7-13.3 km/s; the meteoroid had moved in a low-inclination orbit, with orbital perihelion located extremely close to the Earth's orbit. From satellite optical data, it is found that the photometric mass consumed during the largest detonation is similar to 1200 kg. Estimation of the amplitude of the acoustic signal detected by the most distant observer yields a source energy near 0.5 kt TNT equivalent energy, which corresponds to a mass of order 10 metric tonnes. This measure is uncertain to approximately one order of magnitude. Theoretical modeling of the entry of the object suggests a mass near 1600 kg. Cosmogenic radionuclide activities constrain the lower initial mass to be similar to 700 kg with an upper limit near 4000 kg. Seismic data possibly associated with the fireball suggest extremely poor coupling between the airwave and the ground. The total mass estimated to have reached the ground is similar to 100 kg (in material comprising >55 g fragments), while the preatmospheric mass is found to be most probably in the range of 1200-2000 kg. C1 GEOL SURVEY CANADA, NAT RESOURCES CANADA, COTINENTAL GEOSCI DIV, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0Y3, CANADA. SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYS OBSERV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. ROYAL ASTRON SOC CANADA, QUEBEC CTR, MONTREAL, PQ H2A 1K4, CANADA. SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. ET SPACE SYST, CAMARILLO, CA 93012 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. GEOL SURVEY CANADA, NAT RESOURCES CANADA, PACIFIC DIV, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0Y3, CANADA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT PHYS, LONDON, ON N6A 3K7, CANADA. NR 72 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 31 IS 4 BP 502 EP 517 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UX180 UT WOS:A1996UX18000010 ER PT J AU Peterson, LD Bullock, SJ Doebling, SW AF Peterson, LD Bullock, SJ Doebling, SW TI The statistical sensitivity of experimental modal frequencies and damping ratios to measurement noise SO MODAL ANALYSIS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID EIGENSYSTEM REALIZATION-ALGORITHM AB The statistical variance of identified modal frequencies and damping ratios are experimentally investigated for a scale model spacecraft structure. An analytical error analysis of the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm is used to compute statistical estimates of the variances of the identification results. Measurement noise intensities are estimated from the frequency domain crosspectrum and autospectrum for each measured input-output pair. It is observed that the variance of the real and imaginary parts of the identified poles of the structure are approximately the same. This means that the absolute error in the modal damping ratio is approximately the relative error in the modal frequency. In addition to these effects, the paper also studies the effect of algorithmic parameters on the variances of the modal frequencies and damping ratios. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT AEROSP ENGN SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Peterson, LD (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,CTR AEROSP STRUCT,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 1066-0763 J9 MODAL ANAL JI Modal Anal.-Int. J. Analyt. Exp. Modal Anal. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 75 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VD909 UT WOS:A1996VD90900007 ER PT J AU Ghan, SJ Bian, XD Corsetti, L AF Ghan, SJ Bian, XD Corsetti, L TI Simulation of the great plains low-level jet and associated clouds by general circulation models SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION; RADIATION; SCHEME; ECMWF AB The low-level jet frequently observed in the Great Plains of the United States forms preferentially at night and apparently influences the timing of thunderstorms in the region. The authors have found that both the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts general circulation model and the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model simulate the low-level jet rather well, although the spatial distribution of the jet frequency simulated by the two GCMs differs considerably. Sensitivity experiments have demonstrated that the simulated low-level jet is surprisingly robust, with similar simulations at much coarser horizontal and vertical resolutions. However, both GCMs fail to simulate the observed relationship between clouds and the low-level jet. The pronounced nocturnal maximum in thunderstorm frequency associated with the low-level jet is not simulated well by either GCM, with only weak evidence of a nocturnal maximum in the Great Plains. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAGNOSIS & INTERCOMPARISON, LIVERMORE, CA USA. RP Ghan, SJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT EARTH SCI, ATMOSPHER SCI GRP, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 124 IS 7 BP 1388 EP 1408 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<1388:SOTGPL>2.0.CO;2 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UX914 UT WOS:A1996UX91400004 ER PT J AU Auciello, O Ramesh, R AF Auciello, O Ramesh, R TI Electroceramic thin films .2. Device applications SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Auciello, O (reprint author), MICROELECTR CTR N CAROLINA,SCI STAFF,ELECT TECHNOL DIV,3021 CORNWALLIS RD,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 0 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 7 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA UY012 UT WOS:A1996UY01200019 ER PT J AU Scott, JF Ross, FM deAraujo, CAP Scott, MC Huffman, M AF Scott, JF Ross, FM deAraujo, CAP Scott, MC Huffman, M TI Structure and device characteristics of SrBi2Ta2O9-based nonvolatile random-access memories SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; FATIGUE C1 SYMETRIX CORP,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO. FUS SEMICOND,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80933. UNIV COLORADO,MICROELECTR LAB,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80933. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Scott, JF (reprint author), UNIV NEW S WALES,SYDNEY,NSW 2052,AUSTRALIA. NR 46 TC 149 Z9 150 U1 3 U2 11 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 7 BP 33 EP 39 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA UY012 UT WOS:A1996UY01200020 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Dimos, D Waser, RM AF Warren, WL Dimos, D Waser, RM TI Degradation mechanisms in ferroelectric and high-permittivity perovskites SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; CERAMICS; MEMORIES C1 PHILIPS RES LABS,ELECT CERAM GRP,AACHEN,GERMANY. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,ELECT CERAM DEPT,TECH STAFF,1001 UNIV BLVD,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Waser, Rainer/J-6103-2013 OI Waser, Rainer/0000-0002-9080-8980 NR 29 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 18 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 7 BP 40 EP 45 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA UY012 UT WOS:A1996UY01200021 ER PT J AU Mailhes, JB Marchetti, F Young, D London, SN AF Mailhes, JB Marchetti, F Young, D London, SN TI Numerical and structural chromosome aberrations induced by etoposide (VP16) during oocyte maturation of mice: Transmission to one-cell zygotes and damage to dictyate oocytes SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DNA TOPOISOMERASE-II; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; ANTITUMOR DRUGS; MOUSE OOCYTES; CYTO-TOXICITY; SEGREGATION; INHIBITORS; ANEUPLOIDY; MITOSIS; VP-16 AB The antineoplastic drug etoposide (ET) inhibits topoisomerase II (topo II) activity by forming a ternary complex (DNA-ET-topo II), This complex prevents the DNA-strand-rejoining activity of topo II and may result in structural chromosome aberrations, Inhibition of topo II activity may also predispose cells to aneuploidy because this enzyme is needed for removing regions of DNA catenation prior to chromosome segregation, Our objectives were to study the dose response for ET-induced numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations in mouse one-cell zygotes, to compare these data with those obtained from a contemporary metaphase II (MII) oocyte study and to evaluate the sensitivity of dictyate oocytes to ET-induced aneuploidy, ICR female mice were superovulated and injected i.p, with either 6% dimethylsulphoxide (controls) or 20, 40 or 60 mg/kg ET 2 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), ICR males were paired (1:1) with females immediately after treatment, After 17 h the males were removed, and after 24 h the females with a vaginal plug were given colchicine, One-cell zygotes were harvested for cytogenetic analysis 17 h after colchicine, The percentages of hyperploid zygotes were 1.1, 5.7, 13.8 and 20.7 and of zygotes with structural aberrations were 2.5, 16.3, 37.7 and 64.7, for control, 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg ET respectively, The differences between each succeeding dose for both structural and numerical aberrations were statistically significant (P < 0.01), When the ET dose response aneuploidy data from zygotes were compared with similar data from a contemporary study involving metaphase II oocytes, the frequencies of hyperploidy were greater in zygotes than in oocytes, We conclude that when ET is administered during the preovulatory phase of meiosis, it is both an aneugen and a clastogen in mouse one-cell zygotes. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Mailhes, JB (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,POB 33932,SHREVEPORT,LA 71130, USA. OI Marchetti, Francesco/0000-0002-9435-4867 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4 BP 357 EP 361 DI 10.1093/mutage/11.4.357 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA UX266 UT WOS:A1996UX26600007 PM 8671760 ER PT J AU Wu, YP Turner, MG Wallace, LL Romme, WH AF Wu, YP Turner, MG Wallace, LL Romme, WH TI Elk survival following the 1988 Yellowstone fires: A simulation experiment SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PARK AB Extensive fires in 1988 burned 22% of the northern winter range in Yellowstone National Park, which provides critical winter habitat for one of the largest free-ranging herds of elk (Cervus elaphus) in North America. The winter of 1988-89 was moderately severe, and the combination of forage loss due to fire plus deep snows led to high elk mortality (similar to 40%). We designed a simulation experiment to explore how elk mortality that winter might have been different under alternative weather conditions, spatial patterning of the burn, and initial elk numbers. The simulations were performed with the Northern Yellowstone Park model (NOYELP), a spatially explicit model of forage availability, snow conditions, elk movement and foraging, and elk energetics. Results supported earlier findings indicating that snow depth and water equivalent were major determinants of elk survival: in a mild winter scenario, there was almost no mortality even with forage loss from the fire, but when the most severe winter in recent history was simulated, calf mortality approached 100%. Under moderate to severe winter conditions, fire pattern and initial elk density also were important. Burning 22% of the northern range at random or in single large patches produced higher mortality than did the actual burn pattern. This study also showed that mortality increased nonlinearly as initial elk density increased, with thresholds in density at which mortality went up sharply. Modeling experiments of this kind can help managers of natural areas similar to Yellowstone National Park anticipate the effects of future large-scale fires, and can provide insights into likely effects of management activities such as prescribed fire. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Romme, William/C-7317-2016 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOCIATION PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD STREET, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 198 EP 207 PG 10 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA UZ204 UT WOS:A1996UZ20400005 ER PT J AU Woodward, J Mattingly, SM Danson, M Hough, D Ward, N Adams, M AF Woodward, J Mattingly, SM Danson, M Hough, D Ward, N Adams, M TI In vitro hydrogen production by glucose dehydrogenase and hydrogenase SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glucose dehydrogenase; hydrogenase; hydrogen production; gluconic acid ID ARCHAEBACTERIUM AB A new in vitro enzymatic pathway for the generation of molecular hydrogen from glucose has been demonstrated. The reaction is based on the oxidation of glucose by Thermoplasma acidophilum glucose dehydrogenase with the concomitant oxidation of NADPH by Pyrococcus furiosus hydrogenase. Stoichiometric yields of hydrogen were produced from glucose with the continuous recycling of cofactor. This simple system may provide a method for the biological production of hydrogen from renewable sources. In addition, the other product of this reaction, gluconic acid, is a high-value chemical commodity. C1 UNIV BATH,DEPT BIOCHEM,BATH BA2 7AY,AVON,ENGLAND. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP Woodward, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 14 IS 7 BP 872 EP 874 DI 10.1038/nbt0796-872 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UV620 UT WOS:A1996UV62000038 PM 9631013 ER PT J AU Perou, CM Moore, KJ Nagle, DL Misumi, DJ Woolf, EA McGrail, SH Holmgren, L Brody, TH Dussault, BJ Monroe, CA Duyk, GM Pryor, RJ Li, LT Justice, MJ Kaplan, J AF Perou, CM Moore, KJ Nagle, DL Misumi, DJ Woolf, EA McGrail, SH Holmgren, L Brody, TH Dussault, BJ Monroe, CA Duyk, GM Pryor, RJ Li, LT Justice, MJ Kaplan, J TI Identification of the murine beige gene by YAC complementation and positional cloning SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CHEDIAK-HIGASHI-SYNDROME; SEARCH AB The beige mutation is a murine autosomal recessive disorder, resulting in hypopigmentation, bleeding and immune cell dysfunction. The gene defective in beige is thought to be a homologue of the gene for the human disorder Chediak-Higashi syndrome. We have identified the murine beige gene by in vitro complementation and positional cloning, and confirmed its identification by defining mutations in two independent mutant alleles. The sequence of the beige gene message shows strong nucleotide homology to multiple human ESTs, one or more of which may be associated with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome gene. The amino acid sequence of the Beige protein revealed a novel protein with significant amino acid homology to orphan proteins identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans and humans. C1 UNIV UTAH,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,DIV CELL BIOL & IMMUNOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUT INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Perou, Charles/0000-0001-9827-2247 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL26922]; NIGMS NIH HHS [2T32GM07464]; PHS HHS [ERKP057] NR 30 TC 146 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 3 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1038/ng0796-303 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UU283 UT WOS:A1996UU28300018 PM 8673129 ER PT J AU Stoddard, BL Dean, A Bash, PA AF Stoddard, BL Dean, A Bash, PA TI Combining Laue diffraction and molecular dynamics to study enzyme intermediates SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE-SITE DYNAMICS; ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE; CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; RESOLUTION AB Two separate techniques, Laue diffraction and computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, have been independently developed to allow the visualization and assessment of transient structural states. Recent studies on isocitrate dehydrogenase show that computational MD simulations of an enzymatic Michaelis complex are consistent with difference Fourier electron density maps of the same structure from a Laue experiment. The use of independent MD studies during crystallographic refinement has allowed us to assign with confidence a number of additional contacts and features important for hydride transfer, We find that unrestrained independent MD simulations provides a very useful method of cross-validation for highly mobile atoms in regions of experimental density that are poorly defined. Likewise, information from Laue difference maps provides information about substrate conformation and interactions that greatly facilitate MD simulations. C1 FINCH UNIV HLTH SCI CHICAGO MED SCH,DEPT BIOCHEM,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Stoddard, BL (reprint author), FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,1124 COLUMBIA ST,A3-023,SEATTLE,WA 98104, USA. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 3 IS 7 BP 590 EP 595 DI 10.1038/nsb0796-590 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA UV280 UT WOS:A1996UV28000010 PM 8673602 ER PT J AU Mumme, W Cranswick, L Chakoumakos, B AF Mumme, W Cranswick, L Chakoumakos, B TI Rietveld crystal structure refinements from high temperature neutron powder diffraction data for the polymorphs of dicalcium silicate SO NEUES JAHRBUCH FUR MINERALOGIE-ABHANDLUNGEN LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE PHASE-ANALYSIS AB The crystal structures of the gamma, alpha'(L), alpha'(H), and alpha forms of dicalcium silicate (C2S) have been refined by Rietveld analysis of neutron powder diffraction data collected from pure phase material at high temperatures using a heating stage. Two powder refinements of gamma-C2S using data collected before and after the heating run (Bragg R's of 4.65, 2.89%) are of similar quality to previous refinements of single crystal and synchrotron X-ray powder data. The refinement of alpha'(L)-C2S using data collected at 1060 degrees C gives a Bragg R of 6.99%, confirming the structure proposed as a result of previous single crystal studies. Data collected at 1250 degrees C has been refined to a Bragg R of 5.45% using a disordered alpha'H-C2S structure with all atoms except Si split into two half-occupied mirror-related sites. This result is similar to that obtained in previous Rietveld refinements of synchrotron X-ray powder data. The structure of alpha-C2S has been refined to Bragg R of 6.89% using data collected at 1545 degrees C and a modification of the alpha-K2SO4 structure in which the disordered SiO4 tetrahedra are oriented slightly away from the c axis. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Mumme, W (reprint author), CSIRO,DIV MINERALS,POB 124,PORT MELBOURNE,VIC 3207,AUSTRALIA. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 12 PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0077-7757 J9 NEUES JB MINER ABH JI Neues Jahrb. Mineral.-Abh. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 170 IS 2 BP 171 EP 188 PG 18 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA VB276 UT WOS:A1996VB27600004 ER PT J AU Heyer, NJ Bittner, AC Echeverria, D AF Heyer, NJ Bittner, AC Echeverria, D TI Analyzing multivariate neurobehavioral outcomes in occupational studies: A comparison of approaches SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computerized Behavioral Testing of Humans in Neurotoxicology Research CY JUN 21-23, 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Oregon Hlth Sci Univ DE neurobehavioral testing; rank sums; factor analysis; methods ID TEST BATTERIES AB Neurobehavioral studies often employ test batteries and confront issues of multiple testing and comparability between batteries. We have organized our battery of 12 tests into areas of neurobehavioral function to reduce the number of reported results, provide greater statistical power, and improve interpretability of the results. We explored several different organizational and statistical methods of creating summary scores including a priori groupings based upon clinical experience and factor analysis. We compared the sensitivity of these summary scores to performance changes associated with exposure to styrene in the manufacture of reinforced plastics. Our results demonstrated dramatic increases in power to detect exposure related changes compared to using individual test scores. Furthermore, the various methods provided generally compatible and comparable results. We encourage other neurobehavioral investigators to pursue and refine this approach. C1 BATTELLE SEATTLE RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98105. RP Heyer, NJ (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED,4225 ROOSEVELT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(96)00026-8 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA VE057 UT WOS:A1996VE05700009 PM 8866530 ER PT J AU Debreczeny, MP Svec, WA Wasielewski, MR AF Debreczeny, MP Svec, WA Wasielewski, MR TI A molecular probe of the electric field produced by a photogenerated ion pair SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LASER-DYE; STATE AB The electric field photogenerated by an electron donor-acceptor pair is probed with a covalently attached dye molecule using transient absorption spectroscopy. The donor molecule, 4-X-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide (D-X) (where X is (1) piperidine or (2) pyrrolidine), is directly attached to the 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide acceptor (A), which is attached through a benzene spacer to the probe molecule, 4,4-difluoro-3,5-dimethyl-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene (P). A similar to 150 fs laser pulse at 412 nm selectively excites D-X. The transition dipole of P is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the electric field generated by D-X(+)-A(-), minimizing the rate of excitation energy transfer from D-X(+) to P, whereas the maximum change in the state dipole upon excitation is parallel to the electric field, maximizing Stark-shift effects. The groundstate absorption spectrum of P in 1,4-dioxane (A(max) = 512 nm) blue-shifts 5+/-1 nm and bleaches as the nearby radical pair (D-X(+)-A(-)) forms. The band-shift effect diminishes in the higher polarity solvents tetrahydrofuran and butyronitrile but does not disappear completely. Solvatochromism measurements performed at room temperature and conventional electrochromism measurements performed at 77 K on P alone, indicate that the state dipole of P decreases by 2.0+/-0.2 D upon excitation to the first excited singlet state. from this change in dipole moment and the observed band-shift in D-X-A-P, the effective electric field due to the charge-separated pair, experienced by P in 1,4-dioxane, is found to be 6+/-1 MV/cm. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 20 IS 7-8 BP 815 EP 828 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VH915 UT WOS:A1996VH91500012 ER PT J AU KRAEMER, P AF KRAEMER, P TI SICKLIEST POST IN THE TERRITORY OF NEW-MEXICO - FORT-THORN AND MALARIA, 1853-1860 SO NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP KRAEMER, P (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA NEW MEXICO HIST REV MESA VISTA 1013, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 SN 0028-6206 J9 NEW MEX HIST REV JI N. M. Hist. Rev. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 3 BP 221 EP 235 PG 15 WC History SC History GA UV629 UT WOS:A1996UV62900001 ER PT J AU Constantin, P Doering, CR AF Constantin, P Doering, CR TI Heat transfer in convective turbulence SO NONLINEARITY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-DISSIPATION; VARIATIONAL BOUNDS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS AB We investigate the bulk scaling of the convective heat transport in the Boussinesq equations. An a priori bound on the scaling exponent is obtained without making any assumptions on the turbulent fluctuations. If horizontal gradients of temperature fluctuations are relatively small near the boundary then different scaling regimes are obtained. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Constantin, P (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-7715 J9 NONLINEARITY JI Nonlinearity PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 1049 EP 1060 DI 10.1088/0951-7715/9/4/013 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA UZ491 UT WOS:A1996UZ49100013 ER PT J AU Lambert, LD Parks, MB AF Lambert, LD Parks, MB TI Experiments to evaluate behavior of containment piping bellows under severe accident conditions SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB Bellows are an integral part of the containment pressure boundary in nuclear power plants. They are used at piping penetrations to allow relative movement between piping and the containment wall. In a severe accident they may be subjected to high pressure and temperature and a combination of axial and lateral deflections. A test program to determine the leak-tight capacity of containment penetration bellows is being conducted at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM. Several different bellows geometries representative of actual containment bellows are being subjected to extreme deflections along with pressure and temperature loads. The bellows geometries and loading conditions are described along with the testing apparatus and procedures. A total of 13 tests have been conducted. The tests showed that bellows are capable of withstanding relatively large deformations up to or near the point of full compression before developing leakage. The test data are presented and discussed. RP Lambert, LD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 163 IS 3 BP 287 EP 299 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(95)01148-X PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UY766 UT WOS:A1996UY76600001 ER PT J AU Lofaro, RJ AF Lofaro, RJ TI Understanding aging in containment cooling systems SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB A study has been performed to assess the effects of aging in nuclear power plant containment cooling systems. Failure records from national databases as well as plant-specific data were reviewed and analyzed to identify aging characteristics for this system. The predominant aging mechanisms were determined, along with the most frequently failed components and their associated failure modes. This paper discusses the aging mechanisms present in the containment spray system and the containment fan cooler system, which are two systems used to provide the containment cooling function. The failure modes, along with the relative frequency of each, are also discussed. RP Lofaro, RJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ADV TECHNOL,POB 5000,BLDG 130,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 163 IS 3 BP 301 EP 314 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(95)01146-3 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UY766 UT WOS:A1996UY76600002 ER PT J AU Winegardner, WK AF Winegardner, WK TI Phase I aging assessment of nuclear air-treatment system high efficiency particulate air and adsorbers SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB A phase I aging assessment of high efficiency particulate air filters and activated carbon gas adsorption units was performed by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory as part of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Nuclear Plant Aging Research Program. Information was compiled concerning design features, failure experience, aging mechanisms, effects, and stressors, and monitoring methods. Over 1100 failures, or 12% of the filter installations, were reported as part of a US Department of energy survey. Investigators from other laboratories have suggested that aging could have contributed to over 80% of these failures. Several instances of impaired performance as the result of the premature aging of carbon were reported. Filter aging mechanisms range from those associated with particle loading to reactions that alter the properties of gaskets. Mechanisms that can lead to impaired adsorber performance include the loss of potentially available active sites as a result of the adsorption of moisture or pollutants. Stressors include heat, moisture, radiation, and airborne particles and contaminants. RP Winegardner, WK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 163 IS 3 BP 315 EP 322 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UY766 UT WOS:A1996UY76600003 ER PT J AU Wulff, W AF Wulff, W TI Scaling of thermohydraulic systems SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID NATURAL CIRCULATION AB The importance of scaling is demonstrated for experiments in small-size test facilities which are used to simulate the thermohydraulic system response of full-size industrial plants. It is shown how scaling facilitates (1) the quantitative ranking of thermohydraulic processes in their order of priority, (2) the rational selection of a test matrix, and therewith (3) the efficient allocation of resources for resolving technical issues of reactor safety. Thermohydraulic processes in components and the system of components are modeled. 29 Scaling groups are presented for systems with forced flow and natural circulation of single- and two-phase flows. System compliances and the matrices of flow inertia and impedance are introduced and scaled, to obtain the scaling criteria for the global interaction between components of integral systems. RP Wulff, W (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 163 IS 3 BP 359 EP 395 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(96)01232-0 PG 37 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UY766 UT WOS:A1996UY76600007 ER PT J AU Ardelean, J Hrisoho, A Truong, K Manfredi, PF Speziali, V Svelto, F Citterio, M AF Ardelean, J Hrisoho, A Truong, K Manfredi, PF Speziali, V Svelto, F Citterio, M TI Preamplifiers for room temperature and cryogenic calorimetry applications based on DMILL technology SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses the results obtained with charge sensitive preamplifiers employing a large input device and suitable for room temperature as well as cryogenic calorimetry applications. The preamplifiers have been realised in DMILL technology, a process where all devices are on an insulating layer. Two preamplifier configurations are illustrated here. One of them is entirely based on P-channel JFETs, the other one employs PJFETs and NMOS. In both cases the input device is a PJFET with 1.2 mu m gate length, a device which was proven to feature outstanding noise performances. C1 DIPARTIMENTO ELETTR, I-27100 PAVIA, ITALY. LAB ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE, ORSAY, FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00232-X PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UW615 UT WOS:A1996UW61500010 ER PT J AU Bergara, A Pitarke, JM Ritchie, RH AF Bergara, A Pitarke, JM Ritchie, RH TI Nonlinear quantum hydrodynamical model of the electron gas SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID DOUBLE-PLASMON EXCITATION; WAKE AB It is well known that the hydrodynamical model of the electron gas is suitable when the electron density can be considered as the fundamental quantity, small wavelength effects being less important. This is the case when the electron gas is excited by the passage of swift charged particles. In this paper we make use of the quantum hydrodynamical model of the electron gas to derive, within this model, the nonlinear wake potential of fast charged particles passing through matter, the Barkas effect, and double-plasmon excitation probabilities. This is compared with results obtained by following many-body schemes within the random-phase-approximation. C1 EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA,ZIENTZI FAK,MAT KONDENTSATUAREN FIS SAILA,BILBAO 48080,BASQUE COUNTRY,SPAIN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Pitarke, Jose/C-8602-2009; Bergara, Aitor/G-2434-2016 OI Pitarke, Jose/0000-0002-8253-8028; NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 70 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01536-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500020 ER PT J AU Deutscher, SA Yang, XH Burgdorfer, J Gabriel, H AF Deutscher, SA Yang, XH Burgdorfer, J Gabriel, H TI Adiabatic evolution of the H(1s) resonance near an aluminium surface SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID METAL-SURFACES; STABILIZATION METHOD; ENERGY SHIFTS; WORK FUNCTION; IMAGE-PLANE; DENSITY; CHARGE; VICINITY; ATOM AB We present new results for the atomic H(1s) resonance near an aluminium surface. Two complementary techniques have been implemented: the complex rotation method and the stabilization method. We employ large-scale matrix diagonalization and realistic effective single-particle potentials. The adiabatic evolution of the wave function and the resonance parameters as a function of the distance d from the surface is analyzed. We find significant differences for the position and width of the resonance compared to previously available data. Implications for electronic transitions in atom-surface collisions are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FREE UNIV BERLIN,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-14095 BERLIN,GERMANY. RP Deutscher, SA (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 152 EP 156 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01441-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500035 ER PT J AU Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J Kimura, K Mannami, M AF Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J Kimura, K Mannami, M TI Transport of fast electrons near surfaces SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID CONVOY ELECTRONS; IONS; COLLISIONS; SCATTERING; EMISSION; CHARGE; ACCELERATION; STATES AB We have developed a microscopic model to study emission of fast electrons in glancing-angle ion-surface collisions using a classical trajectory Monte Carlo approach. Our model accounts for dynamic image interactions and multiple scattering near the surface. We show that a sizeable fraction of Che convoy peak is produced by ionization of electrons transiently bound to the impinging ion. Properties of the collision kernels near the surface are discussed. Good agreement is found with our recent coincidence experiments for 0.2-0.5 MeV/u Li ions interacting with SnTe(001) surfaces. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. KYOTO UNIV,DEPT ENGN SCI,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. RP Reinhold, CO (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,BLDG 6003,MS 6373,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01530-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500053 ER PT J AU Datz, S Krause, HF Vane, CR AF Datz, S Krause, HF Vane, CR TI Crystal assisted processes in ion channeling SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID RESONANT COHERENT EXCITATION; RECOMBINATION; MG11+ AB Channeled ions experience a restoring force from adjacent atomic rows or planes that govern their trajectories and hence limit their interactions to those with valence or conduction electrons. Trajectory information can be gained from emergence patterns and studies of radiative electron capture (REC) can give information on the electron momentum distributions and densities in the channel. With this knowledge, one can study ion-electron collisions in dense media; in particular, dielectronic excitation and recombination. The states of the energetic channeled ions can be influenced by the crystal field and by the wake field that follows them. They can also be perturbed by the periodic electromagnetic force with a frequency depending on their velocity and the periodicity of the lattice. When the frequency of the perturbation nu caused by passing along a given crystal direction with atomic spacing d at velocity upsilon reaches a resonance, nu(res) = (upsilon/d)K, where K = 1, 2, 3,..., resonant coherent excitation (RCE) can occur to non-degenerate eigenstates of the ion. Ions in these excited states can then be ionized by the channel electrons or, if not ionized, can escape from the crystal and radiate, RCE has been studied in both axial and planar channeling by varying the ion velocity or, in the case of planar channeling, by varying the apparent interatomic spacing by changing the angle with respect to an axis. In both cases, information can be gained concerning the states of channeled ions and the nature of the crystal channel. RP Datz, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01523-X PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500081 ER PT J AU Akopov, NZ Apyan, AB Avakian, RO Carrigan, R Darbinian, SM Ispirian, KA Kononets, YV Taroyan, S AF Akopov, NZ Apyan, AB Avakian, RO Carrigan, R Darbinian, SM Ispirian, KA Kononets, YV Taroyan, S TI Monte Carlo calculation of characteristics of gamma-beams produced by coherent bremsstrahlung at Fermilab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID PHOTON AB The energy spectra of the gamma-beams which can be produced at Fermilab are calculated by modeling the production and absorption in single crystals, taking into account the energy and angular divergence of the electron beams. The results confirm that, replacing the amorphous targets by crystals, one can increase the gamma-beam intensity in the high-energy region. C1 YEREVAN PHYS INST,YEREVAN 375036,ARMENIA. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL. IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 372 EP 374 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)01526-1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500082 ER PT J AU Yan, Q Barnes, AV Barnes, B Seifert, N Albridge, R Tolk, N AF Yan, Q Barnes, AV Barnes, B Seifert, N Albridge, R Tolk, N TI Optical studies of defects induced by ion bombardment of alkali halide crystals SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons AB Defects created by 20 keV ion bombardment of NaF and LiF crystals have been investigated by optical absorption and luminescence measurements. The F center band and F-center aggregate bands have been identified in NaF and LiF crystals under argon ion bombardment. The concentration of F centers is found to be proportional to the square root of the ion dose on both samples, A modified form of a recombination model of interstitial vacancies is used to explain this dependence. Using photo luminescence, the presence of F-3(+) centers is easily identified in both samples. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOL & ATOM STUDIES SURFACES,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VIENNA TECH UNIV,INST ALLGEMEINE PHYS,A-1040 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RP Yan, Q (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 415 EP 420 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00179-6 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500094 ER PT J AU Robinson, MT AF Robinson, MT TI Binding energy effects in cascade evolution and sputtering SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-16) CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA SP Oberosterreich Landesregierung, Bundesminist Wissensch Forsch & Kunst, Wissensch Oberosterreich Wirtschaftskammer, Bank Oberosterreich & Salzburg, Osterreich Brau AG, Creditanstalt, Linzer Hochschulfonds, Jubilaumsfonds Osterreich Nationalbank, Rector Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Magistrat Linz, Elsevier Sci B V, Edwards High Vacuum Int, Tectra Physikal Instrumente, EG & G Ortec, Vacuum Generators, Fisons ID BINARY-COLLISION APPROXIMATION; SOLIDS; IONS AB The MARLOWE model was extended to include a binding energy dependent on the local crystalline order: atoms are bound less strongly to lattice sites near surfaces or damage. Sputtering and cascade evolution were studied in self-ion irradiations of Cu and Au monocrystals. In cascades, the mean binding energy is reduced similar to 8% in Cu with little dependence on the initial energy; in Au, it is reduced similar to 9% at 1 keV and similar to 15% at 100 keV. In sputtering, the mean binding energy is reduced similar to 8% in Cu and similar to 15% in Au with little energy dependence; the yields are increased less, averaging about half as much. Most sites from which atoms are sputtered are isolated in both metals. Small clusters of sites occur in Cu, but there are some large clusters in Au, especially in {111} targets. There are always more large clusters with damage-dependent binding than with a constant binding energy, but only a few clusters are compact enough to be regarded as pits. RP Robinson, MT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP 549 EP 553 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)01567-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500122 ER PT J AU Inokuti, M AF Inokuti, M TI Helmut Paul, a happy physicist SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Item About an Individual AB Each time I meet Helmut (I address him in an American way, perhaps awfully improperly in Austria), I get a strong impression of a happy man. Why is it so? Well gifted as a physicist and also as a manager, he has had a well-deserved eminently successful career, which warrants his happiness. However, not every physicist of a comparable stature appears to be as happy as Helmut. As a tribute on the occasion of his retirement, I offer in what follows an analysis of his life, accomplishments, and happiness. The present article is also a dedication to him as the chairman of the 16th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids, which was highly successful, as seen in the Proceedings appearing in the following pages. RP Inokuti, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-4 BP R13 EP R15 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)80083-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VC425 UT WOS:A1996VC42500002 ER PT J AU Pan, Z Morgan, SH Henderson, DO Magruder, RH Zuhr, RA AF Pan, Z Morgan, SH Henderson, DO Magruder, RH Zuhr, RA TI Optical and infrared studies of Ti, Au, O ion implanted fused silica SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID GLASS; NANOCLUSTERS; SIZE; NONLINEARITIES; PARTICLES; RESONANCE; GOLD AB We report the infrared, linear and nonlinear optical response of a series of samples formed by the sequential implantation of Ti, Au and O in high purity fused silica. Two samples were implanted with Ti at a nominal dose of 1.2 x 10(17) ions/cm(2) one of which was then sequentially implanted with oxygen at the same nominal dose as the Ti, and finally, both samples were sequentially implanted with Au at a nominal dose of 6.0 x 10(16) ions/cm(2). The optical absorption spectra show a peak of the surface plasmon resonance of Au metal particles and a long tail. Strong third-order nonlinear response and two photon stepwise absorption were observed at the wavelength of 775 nm. The optical properties of the samples have changed upon annealing in oxygen at 900 degrees C for two hours. Our results indicate that (1) the annealing results in the recovery of lattice damage and the growth of Au particles; (2) the presence of excess oxygen ions in the glass favors the growth of Au particles; (3) the annealing effects on titanium silicide nanoclusters are different between samples with and without sequentially implanted oxygen. The titanium silicide nanoclusters have dissolved into the silica network and form a Ti-O-Si phase during annealing in the sample with sequentially implanted oxygen. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV, DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI, NASHVILLE, TN 37235 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP FISK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BOX 15, NASHVILLE, TN 37208 USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 1996 VL 114 IS 3-4 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00205-4 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UZ155 UT WOS:A1996UZ15500015 ER PT J AU Bishop, A Satyamurthy, N Bida, G Barrio, JR AF Bishop, A Satyamurthy, N Bida, G Barrio, JR TI Chemical reactivity of the F-18 electrophilic reagents from the O-18(p,n)F-18 gas target systems SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE [F-18]F-2; [F-18]OF2; fluorodemercuration; fluorodestannylation; 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dopa; aluminum target ID 6-FLUORO-L-DOPA; GLYCALS; O-18(2) AB A comprehensive evaluation of the reactivity of F-18 electrophilic fluorinating agents derived from the (18)(p,n)F-18 reaction conducted in target bodies made of aluminum, silver, copper, nickel, and gold-plated copper is reported, Two representative electrophilic reactions, namely addition across a double bond and substitution on an aromatic ring (fluorodemercuration and fluorodestannylation), were tested with the F-18 activity generated in the [O-18]O-2 target systems. Identical reactions were also conducted with analogous nonradioactive fluorinating agents as control experiments. The products of all these reactions were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Results of these experiments clearly showed that F-18 activities recovered from aluminum, silver, and copper target bodies were better suited for radiochemical syntheses, irrespective of the irradiation protocols employed. The F-18 activity from a gold-plated target was suitable only for addition reactions. Further, the fluorodemercuration reaction essentially failed with the single-step irradiation technique conducted in nickel and gold-plated targets. In contrast, the fluorodestannylation reaction was quite successful with the F-18 reagents recovered from ail the target bodies and irradiation protocols. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MOL & MED PHARMACOL,DIV NUCL MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. US DOE,LAB STRUCT BIOL & MOL MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. BIOMED RES FDN NW LOUISIANA,SHREVEPORT,LA 71103. FU NINDS NIH HHS [P01-NS-15654] NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 5 BP 559 EP 565 DI 10.1016/0969-8051(95)02073-X PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VA118 UT WOS:A1996VA11800001 PM 8905820 ER PT J AU Stow, SH AF Stow, SH TI Attitudes and practices regarding disposal of liquid nuclear waste at Clinton laboratories in the very early years: A historical analysis SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article AB This article is a condensation of a report of the same title, which is an extensive review of early waste disposal practices during the War years and immediately after. The original report was based largely on unpublished documents in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Central Files area of Laboratory Records, and these references can be found in the initial report. This summary contains only selected examples of extensive quotations upon which the report is based. The full report gives much more detail on the biographical history of the important people discussed. RP Stow, SH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 37 IS 3 BP 181 EP 202 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XP681 UT WOS:A1997XP68100002 ER PT J AU Hyder, ML Lussie, WG Witmer, FE AF Hyder, ML Lussie, WG Witmer, FE TI Explosion in the Tomsk-7 reprocessing plant on April 6, 1993 SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article AB On April 6, 1993, an explosion caused significant damage to the nuclear fuel reprocessing plant of the Siberian Chemical Combine at Tomsk-7, Russia. The incident occurred after concentrated nitric acid was added to a process tank, which was subsequently found to have contained a significant volume of organic material. Reaction of acid with organic substances generated flammable vapors, pressurizing and bursting the tank. A brief fire also occurred. Principle causes were inadequate mixing and the presence of the unexpected organic material. Damage principally involved the cell containing the tank and the service area immediately above it. There were no injuries, and most of the radioactive material released was confined to the nuclear reservation. Repairs were completed, and the plant was returned to service during August 1993. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, AIKEN, SC USA. US DOE, DEF PROGRAMS, WASHINGTON, DC 20585 USA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. US DOE, GERMANTOWN, MD USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 37 IS 3 BP 222 EP 234 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XP681 UT WOS:A1997XP68100005 ER PT J AU Cletcher, JW AF Cletcher, JW TI Reactor shutdown experience SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP Cletcher, JW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 37 IS 3 BP 234 EP 236 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA XP681 UT WOS:A1997XP68100006 ER PT J AU Morel, JE McGhee, JM Larsen, EW AF Morel, JE McGhee, JM Larsen, EW TI A three-dimensional time-dependent unstructured tetrahedral-mesh SPN method SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Mathematics and Computations, Reactor Physics, and Environmental Analyses CY APR 30-MAY 04, 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Amer Nucl Soc, Math & Comp Div, Amer Nucl Soc, E Washington Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Reactor & Environm Sci Div AB A three-dimensional time-dependent multigroup SPN method for unstructured tetrahedral meshes is developed. The SPN equations are expressed in a canonical form that allows them to be solved using standard diffusion solution techniques in conjunction with source iteration, diffusion-synthetic deceleration, and fission-source acceleration. A computational comparison of this SPN method with an even-parity S-N method is given. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Morel, JE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 123 IS 3 BP 319 EP 327 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW959 UT WOS:A1996UW95900003 ER PT J AU Larsen, EW Morel, JE McGhee, JM AF Larsen, EW Morel, JE McGhee, JM TI Asymptotic derivation of the multigroup P-1 and simplified P-N equations with anisotropic scattering SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Mathematics and Computations, Reactor Physics, and Environmental Analyses CY APR 30-MAY 04, 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Amer Nucl Soc, Math & Comp Div, Amer Nucl Soc, E Washington Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Reactor & Environm Sci Div ID TRANSPORT AB The multigroup P1( )and simplified P-N (SPN) equations are derived by an asymptotic expansion of the multigroup transport equation with anisotropic scattering. The P-1 equations are the leading-order approximation in this expansion; the SPN equations for N = 2,3,... are increasingly higher order approximations. The physical assumptions underlying these approximations are that the material system is optically thick, the probability of absorption is small, and the mean scattering angle <(mu)over bar>(0) is not close to unity. For multigroup isotropic scattering transport problems, a dispersion analysis is given that verifies the accuracy of the SPN approximations. Numerical comparisons of P-1, SPN, and S-N solutions are also given. These comparisons show that for low N, SPN solutions are significantly more accurate (transportlike) than P-1 solutions and are obtained at a significantly lower computational cost than S-N solutions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Larsen, EW (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN & RADIOL SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 45 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 123 IS 3 BP 328 EP 342 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW959 UT WOS:A1996UW95900004 ER PT J AU Briggs, LL AF Briggs, LL TI Mathematics and Computations, Reactor Physics, and Environmental Analyses - Foreword SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material RP Briggs, LL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ANAL DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 123 IS 3 BP R9 EP R9 PG 1 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW959 UT WOS:A1996UW95900002 ER PT J AU Khan, HJ Cheng, HS Rohatgi, US AF Khan, HJ Cheng, HS Rohatgi, US TI Anticipated transient without scram analysis of the simplified boiling water reactor following main steam isolation valve closure with boron injection SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE simplified boiling water reactor; main steam isolation valve closure; anticipated transient without scram AB The simplified boiling water reactor (SE WR) operating in natural circulation is designed with many passive safety features. An anticipated transient without scram (ATWS) initiated by inadvertent closure of the main steam isolation valve (MSIV) in an SBWR has been analyzed using the RAMONA-4B code of Brookhaven National Laboratory. This analysis demonstrates the predicted performance of the SBWR during an MSIV closure ATWS, followed by shutdown of the reactor through injection of boron into the reactor core from the standby liquid control system. RP Khan, HJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT ADV TECHNOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 22 EP 34 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT327 UT WOS:A1996UT32700002 ER PT J AU Yacout, AM Yang, WS Hofman, GL Orechwa, Y AF Yacout, AM Yang, WS Hofman, GL Orechwa, Y TI Average irradiation temperature for the analysis of in-pile integral measurements SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fuel restructuring; average irradiation temperature; in-pile integral measurements analysis AB Integral parameters of reactor fuel pins are usually measured after long periods of irradiation, where each period can extend over a number of irradiation cycles. Examples of these parameters include cladding diametral strain and parameters involved in the evaluation of fuel/cladding chemical interaction and fuel restructuring. Analysis of these parameters requires knowledge of calculated irradiation parameters, which can vary between irradiation cycles and within the cycles. Irradiation temperature is one such parameter. A calculated weighted average temperature that takes into account the fluctuations in temperature between irradiation cycles is introduced. The work discusses the justification for using this temperature and a methodology for its validation. The methodology is based on comparing calculated average temperatures with temperatures inferred from the postirradiation examination of restructured binary metallic fuel pins in the Experimental Breeder Reactor II. The analysis shows reasonable agreement between the two temperatures. The peak irradiation temperatures, which are usually used in the analysis, were out of the range of the temperatures inferred from the experimental observations, showing the importance of using the average temperature. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUELS & ENGN DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Yacout, AM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,REACTOR ANAL DIV,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Yang, Won Sik/0000-0003-0734-6023 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT327 UT WOS:A1996UT32700005 ER PT J AU McArthur, JV Moorhead, KK AF McArthur, JV Moorhead, KK TI Characterization of riparian species and stream detritus using multiple stable isotopes SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE multiple stable isotopes; detritus; riparian; discriminant analysis ID CARBON-ISOTOPE; ORGANIC-MATTER; AQUATIC INSECTS; RATIOS; FLOW; ECOSYSTEMS; MARSH; INVERTEBRATES; C-13; WOOD AB Multiple stable isotopes were used to determine the effectiveness of distinguishing among several dominant riparian species and aquatic macrophytes both spatially (three sites) and temporally (three seasons) along an 8-km reach of a blackwater stream. The differences in isotopic composition were used to assess contributions of various organic matter sources to the detrital pool of the stream. Samples of riparian and aquatic macrophyte vegetation and detritus were collected at three times to represent early leaf-out (April), mid-summer (August), and just prior to abscission (October). Each sample was analyzed for stable isotopes of carbon (delta(13)C), nitrogen (delta(15)N), and sulfur (delta(34)S) Within a site and sampling date, delta(13)C-values were significantly different among certain riparian species and detritus samples. Species differences persisted between seasons. delta(34)S values were the most variable of the three elements examined although they remained fairly constant through time within each species and site. The results suggest that temporal changes in isotopic composition of riparian species and aquatic macrophytes are site-specific. Discriminant analysis dissimilarity plots (based on all three isotopes) demonstrated that the contribution of species to the detrital pool depended on the site and season. At the upper site, detritus was isotopically most similar to Quercus laurifolia and Sparganium americanum in April, and the aquatic macrophytes (S. americanum and Potamogeton spp.) in August and October. At the middle site, detritus was most similar to Carpinus caroliniana and Q. nigra in April but no single source was similar to detritus in August or October. At the lower site, detritus was most similar to Taxodium distichum for all three seasons. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,ENVIRONM STUDIES PROGRAM,ASHEVILLE,NC 28804. RP McArthur, JV (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUL PY 1996 VL 107 IS 2 BP 232 EP 238 DI 10.1007/BF00327907 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VA148 UT WOS:A1996VA14800011 PM 28307309 ER PT J AU Kaspari, M AF Kaspari, M TI Litter ant patchiness at the 1-m(2) scale: Disturbance dynamics in three Neotropical forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE litter; ants; tropics; disturbance; patchiness ID LOWLAND TROPICAL FOREST; HARVESTER ANTS; ARMY ANTS; COMPETITION; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; OVERDISPERSION; MICROCLIMATE; VEGETATION; BEHAVIOR AB Large-scale (>100 m(2)/day) raids by tropical army ants have been linked to litter ant patchiness and diversity. In three Neotropical forests, densities of litter ants vary 10-20 fold at the 1-m(2) scale. A survey of Barro Colorado Island, Panama, revealed that most army ant raids also occur on a 1-m(2) scale with fronts less than or equal to 1 m wide. To explore the role that such small scale disturbance may play in creating litter ant patchiness, all litter ant nests were removed from 1-m(2) plots. Control and disturbance plots were resampled 3 months later. In contrast to a previous study of large litter gaps, ant foundresses did not appear to prefer these smaller gaps. Nest densities, species richness, and species composition differed most from controls in a dry hilltop forest in Panama, second most in a wetter ravine forest nearby, and least in a Costa Rican wet forest. Disturbance may not leave a lasting signature in the wetter forests due to higher background levels of disturbance, faster recovery, or both. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. OI Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768 NR 68 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUL PY 1996 VL 107 IS 2 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1007/BF00327911 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VA148 UT WOS:A1996VA14800015 PM 28307313 ER PT J AU Yocky, DA AF Yocky, DA TI Artifacts in wavelet image merging SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE image merging; wavelet transform; multiresolution analysis; data fusion ID MULTISPECTRAL DATA; RESOLUTION; ENHANCEMENT; MULTIRESOLUTION; TRANSFORM; CHANNEL AB Intensity modulation (IM), intensity-hue-saturation (IHS), and multiresolution wavelet decomposition (MWD) are ad hoc image merging techniques that enhance low-spatial-resolution color imagery with high-resolution black and white imagery. While the MWD is a relatively new technique, both IM and IHS can be found in commercial software. These three merging techniques are compared to find which best retains spectral fidelity while adding spatial information. With this criterion, merging artifacts are identified and characterized. Specifically, the three techniques were tested with respect to resampling, misregistration, intensity variance, and complexity problems that arise in multiresolution image merging. Test images were used allowing the mean difference, standard deviation difference, entropy difference, and affected area to be calculated. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Yocky, DA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, SYST ASSESSMENT & RES CTR, POB 5800, MS 0573, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 2094 EP 2101 DI 10.1117/1.600765 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA116 UT WOS:A1996VA11600039 ER PT J AU Garrett, WR Zhu, YF Deng, L Payne, MG AF Garrett, WR Zhu, YF Deng, L Payne, MG TI Multi-photon excitation through a resonant intermediate state: Unique separation of coherent and incoherent contributions SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; 3-PHOTON RESONANCE; INTERFERENCE; COMPETITION; SHIFTS; XENON AB We examine two-color three-photon excitation of an optically allowed transition while tuned to an intermediate two-photon resonance in Xe. A wave-mixing interference allows a unique separation of coherent and incoherent contributions to the multi-photon excitation process. C1 GEORGIA SO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STATESBORO,GA 30460. RP Garrett, WR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Deng, Lu/B-3997-2012 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 128 IS 1-3 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00142-3 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA UV601 UT WOS:A1996UV60100012 ER PT J AU Smilowitz, L McBranch, D Klimov, V Robinson, JM Koskelo, A Grigorova, M Mattes, BR Wang, H Wudl, F AF Smilowitz, L McBranch, D Klimov, V Robinson, JM Koskelo, A Grigorova, M Mattes, BR Wang, H Wudl, F TI Enhanced optical limiting in derivatized fullerenes SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; C-60 AB We have observed enhanced optical limiting behavior in solutions of a derivatized fullerene (phenyl-C-61-butyric acid cholesteryl ester) from 532 to 700 nm. Transient absorption measurements determined the spectral and temporal regions of interest for optical limiting in C-60 and in C-60 derivatives that are due to a reverse saturable absorption mechanism and predicted enhanced limiting at longer wavelengths. Intensity-dependent transmission measurements made at several wavelengths confirmed these results. The increased solubility and the broadened ground-state absorption of the functionalized C-60 make it suitable for use as an optical limiter in the red and the near infrared. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,INST POLYMERS & ORGAN SOLIDS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP Smilowitz, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 13 BP 922 EP 924 DI 10.1364/OL.21.000922 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UU284 UT WOS:A1996UU28400004 PM 19876205 ER PT J AU Deng, L Garrett, WR Payne, MG Lee, DZ AF Deng, L Garrett, WR Payne, MG Lee, DZ TI Observation of a critical concentration in laser-induced transparency and multiphoton excitation and ionization in rubidium SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFERENCE; INVERSION; RESONANCES AB We report the behavior of Autler-Townes splitting and production of a four-wave mixing (FWM) field in rubidium in the context of laser-induced transparency. Gain saturation of the FWM and simultaneous suppression of Autler-Townes splitting above a critical concentration are interpreted in terms of the odd-photon destructive interference effect. The results demonstrate that, when multimode lasers are used, odd-photon destructive interference significantly limits the high-efficiency and high-intensity FWM generation promised by early studies of laser-induced transparency. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, DEPT PHYS, VANCOUVER, BC V5K 2T3, CANADA. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CHEM PHYS SECT, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Deng, Lu/B-3997-2012 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 13 BP 928 EP 930 DI 10.1364/OL.21.000928 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UU284 UT WOS:A1996UU28400006 PM 19876207 ER PT J AU Gupta, GK Rajagopal, KR Massoudi, M AF Gupta, GK Rajagopal, KR Massoudi, M TI Stability of flows in fluidized beds SO PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERPARTICLE FORCES; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; 2-PHASE FLOW; INSTABILITIES; EQUATIONS; CRITERION; PRESSURE; GRAVITY AB We study the linearlized stability of the state of uniform fluidization, within the context of the theory of mixtures. The mixture is assumed to be made up of a classical linearly viscous fluid infused with particles. In marked departure from most of the previous studies, we model the solid as a granular material and assume a constitutive relation that stems from classical motions in continuum mechanics. The linearized stability analysis of the state of uniform fluidization, in general, for a three-dimensional disturbance leads to an eighth order equation for the characteristic whose root implies instability, when positive. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MECH ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. RP Gupta, GK (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0272-6351 J9 PARTICUL SCI TECHNOL JI Part. Sci. Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 14 IS 3 BP 185 EP 211 DI 10.1080/02726359608906695 PG 27 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA VY489 UT WOS:A1996VY48900001 ER PT J AU Perrin, J Erenberg, G LaCamera, R Nackashi, JA Poncher, JR Randall, V Ruppert, E Wachtel, RC Ziring, PR Arango, P Gaebler, D Garner, C Garro, D Hollowell, JG Mather, J McPherson, M Gewanter, HL AF Perrin, J Erenberg, G LaCamera, R Nackashi, JA Poncher, JR Randall, V Ruppert, E Wachtel, RC Ziring, PR Arango, P Gaebler, D Garner, C Garro, D Hollowell, JG Mather, J McPherson, M Gewanter, HL TI The role of the pediatrician in implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act: Subject review SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN AB In this statement, the American Academy of Pediatrics reaffirms the importance of the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA), which guarantees people with disabilities certain rights to enable them to participate more fully in their communities. Pediatricians need to know about the ADA provisions to be able to educate and counsel their patients and patients' families appropriately. The ADA mandates changes to our environment, including reasonable accommodation to the needs of individuals with disabilities, which has application to schools, hospitals, physician offices, community businesses, and recreational programs. Pediatricians should be a resource to their community by providing information about the ADA and the special needs of their patients, assisting with devising reasonable accommodation, and counseling adolescents about their expanded opportunities under the ADA. C1 AMER ACAD PHYS MED & REHABIL,CHICAGO,IL 60603. US DOE PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC. US SOCIAL SECUR ADM,WASHINGTON,DC. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH & INJURY CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30341. US DEPT HHS,MATERNAL & CHILD HLTH BUR,WASHINGTON,DC 20201. AMER ACAD PEDIAT,RHEUMATOL SECT,ELK GROVE VILLAGE,IL 60009. RP Perrin, J (reprint author), AMER ACAD PEDIAT,COMM CHILDREN DISABIL,POB 927,ELK GROVE VILLAGE,IL 60009, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 1996 VL 98 IS 1 BP 146 EP 148 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UU137 UT WOS:A1996UU13700032 ER PT J AU Wasz, ML Desch, PB Schwarz, RB AF Wasz, ML Desch, PB Schwarz, RB TI The effect of tin alloying on the structure of LaNi5 SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID HYDRIDE; STABILITY; SYSTEM AB This work investigates the effect of tin on the structure of LaNi5. LaNi5Snx (x=0-0.06) alloy powders were prepared by ball milling LaNi5 and tin, followed by annealing. On the basis of X-ray diffraction analysis both lattice parameters a and c in the hexagonal LaNi5-ySny structure increase with increasing tin content to a maximum at y=0.44. Tin additions in excess of this amount cause no further changes in the lattice parameters and new Bragg peaks corresponding to LaNi5Sn are present in the X-ray data. Rietveld analysis performed on four alloys LaNi5Snx (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) indicate that tin occupies only the 3g sites in the LaNi5 structure. RP Wasz, ML (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 74 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA VB011 UT WOS:A1996VB01100003 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Tafto, J AF Zhu, YM Tafto, J TI A cluster description of structural modulation in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DENSITY AB We describe the deviation from the average structure of Bi-based high-temperature superconductors by introducing one single type of cluster that includes the displacement field. These clusters are easily seen in medium-resolution electron microscopy images, and thus their spatial arrangement provides a simple way of characterizing the material, enabling us to relate superconducting properties to the salient features of the crystal structure. C1 UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-0316 OSLO,NORWAY. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 74 IS 1 BP 307 EP 316 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA VB011 UT WOS:A1996VB01100021 ER PT J AU Mulvihill, ML Uchino, K Li, Z Cao, WW AF Mulvihill, ML Uchino, K Li, Z Cao, WW TI In-situ observation of the domain configurations during the phase transitions in barium titanate SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS; BATIO3 CERAMICS; STRESS; SIZE AB Using a polarizing optical microscope in conjunction with a charged-coupled device camera system, the domain microstructural evolution with respect to temperature in all three phases of BaTiO3 was studied. Along a (001) oriented section the domains in the tetragonal phase form 90 degrees domain patterns in an 'a-a' configuration. The transition on heating and cooling between the cubic and tetragonal phases occurred near the same temperature, 125 degrees C. On cooling, the domain structures in the orthorhombic phase appeared as a long continuous lamellar structure, while on heating the domains formed a 'patchwork' structure. This transition temperature showed a large thermal hysteresis. The final transition temperature from orthorhombic to rhombohedral was difficult to determine using this technique. The transition on cooling occurred at -134 degrees C based on a colour change and the disappearance of all the domains. During heating, the domains reappeared at -110 degrees C and remained in a patchwork structure throughout the orthorhombic phase. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Mulvihill, ML (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,INT CTR ACTUATORS & TRANSDUCERS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. RI Cao, Wenwu/F-6091-2012 OI Cao, Wenwu/0000-0002-2447-1486 NR 21 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 74 IS 1 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1080/01418639608240325 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA VB012 UT WOS:A1996VB01200003 ER PT J AU Dabestani, R Nelson, M Sigman, ME AF Dabestani, R Nelson, M Sigman, ME TI Photochemistry of tetracene adsorbed on dry silica: Products and mechanism SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; ANODIC OXIDATION; ION RADICALS; GEL; PYRENE; ANTHRACENES; MOLECULES; SIO2; ACENAPHTHYLENE; INTERFACE AB The photochemistry of tetracene (1) has been studied on dry silica at very low surface coverages (less than 3% of a monolayer). Irradiation of degassed samples of 1 adsorbed on silica surface proceeds very slowly to produce both syn (2) and anti (3) dimers. Under aerated conditions photolysis of 1 at surface coverages <1% of a monolayer gives mainly tetracene-5,12-endoperoxide (4) and very little dimer. The endoperoxide slowly decomposes to form 5,12-tetracenequinone (5), 5,12-dihydroxytetracene (6) and 5,12-dihydro-5,12-dihydroxytetracene (7), respectively. As the surface coverage is increased above 1% of a monolayer, dimerization becomes more pronounced as a result of pairing and/or aggregation. The photooxidation process is mediated by the addition of singlet molecular oxygen to 1. Tetracene also undergoes a dark oxidation reaction on the silica surface to give 5 (major), 6 and 7 (miners) as products. The first-order rate constant for this Lewis acid-catalyzed oxidation was determined to be 1 x 10(-5) s(-1). RP Dabestani, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 64 IS 1 BP 80 EP 86 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02424.x PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UV039 UT WOS:A1996UV03900012 ER PT J AU Friedman, H AF Friedman, H TI Lasers and air safety SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Letter RP Friedman, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER GUIDE STAR PROJECT,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 7 BP 12 EP 13 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA UY243 UT WOS:A1996UY24300004 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Bulgakov, EN Campbell, DK Sadreev, AF AF Berman, GP Bulgakov, EN Campbell, DK Sadreev, AF TI Resonant tunneling in time-periodically modulated semiconductor nanostructures SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE BARRIERS; TRANSMISSION; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB We consider a semiconductor (AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs) double-barrier resonant tunneling nanostructure (DBRTS), in which the bottom of the potential well is modulated by an external periodic potential V(t) = V-mod cos Omega t. We examine the resonance response to both mono-energetic and spatially localized incident electrons, extending previous results in three ways. First, we study numerically the resonant characteristics in the transmission probabilities as functions of both the electron's energy and the frequency of the external field. We find that new low-frequency resonant peaks appear in the frequency dependence of the transmission probabilities and discuss the origin and possible experimental observation of these peaks. Second, we develop an analytic perturbation theory (valid for small values of the parameter lambda = V-mod/h Omega) describing the processes of absorption and emission of single quanta of the modulation field and show that this perturbative treatment agrees well with the results of numerical calculations in the appropriate regions, up to and including the regime in which the one-quantum processes saturate. Third, for localized (Gaussian) incident wave packets, we show numerically that temporal modulations of the potential well in the DBRTS can induce spatial modulations in the transmitted and reflected wave packets. We develop a simple qualitative picture that explains our results. Finally, we estimate characteristic values of the parameters relevant for possible observation of these effects in laboratory experiments. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CNLS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,DEPT PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 1996 VL 225 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(96)00233-5 PG 22 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UY501 UT WOS:A1996UY50100001 ER PT J AU Steel, DG Hettinger, JD Parkman, JT Yoder, ME Gray, KE Glagola, BG Eddy, MM AF Steel, DG Hettinger, JD Parkman, JT Yoder, ME Gray, KE Glagola, BG Eddy, MM TI Importance of vortex interactions in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 epitaxial films with columnar defects SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CORRELATED DISORDER; CRYSTALS AB The effects of columnar defects on electrical transport measurements in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 epitaxial films were found to persist up to magnetic fields of at least forty times the vortex matching field, that is, the field at which the vortex density corresponds to the density of columnar defects. This demonstrates the importance of interactions between vortices and is in contrast to experiments that suggest that the matching field has sharp significance. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOL INC,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93111. RP Steel, DG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCTIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 159 EP 162 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00252-3 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UX644 UT WOS:A1996UX64400022 ER PT J AU Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Kini, AM Geiser, U Dudek, JD Kelly, ME Flynn, JP Naumann, D Roy, T AF Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Kini, AM Geiser, U Dudek, JD Kelly, ME Flynn, JP Naumann, D Roy, T TI New directions in the synthesis and exploration of novel organic superconductors: Inverse isotope effect in the organic superconductor kappa(L)-(ET)(2)Ag(CF3)(4)(1-bromo-1,2-dichloroethane) [ET equals bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene] SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DONOR MOLECULE; AMBIENT-PRESSURE; BEDT-TTF; KAPPA-(ET)2X SUPERCONDUCTORS; PAIRING MECHANISM; CRITICAL-FIELD; TC; SUBSTITUTION; TRANSITION; SALTS AB We report the first study of the effect of isotopic substitution on the superconducting transition temperature in the kappa-(ET)(2)M(CF3)(4)(1,1,2-trihaloethane) [ET - bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; M = Cu, Ag, and Au] family of organic superconductors, where M(CF3)(4)(-) is a large, discrete (non-polymeric) anion. This work also represents the first single crystal determinations of T-c in this series of superconductors. Substitution of the eight hydrogen atoms of the ET electron-donor molecule by deuterium causes the T-c of kappa(L)-(ET)(2)Ag(CF3)(4)(1-bromo-1,2-dichloroethane) to increase from 2.90 +/- 0.04 K to 3.11 +/- 0.04 K (here kappa(L) signifies a phase with a lower T-c, between 2 and 6 K, and kappa(H) is a different phase with higher T-c, between 9 and 12 K). Thus, this is the first example which demonstrates that the inverse isotope effect previously observed in kappa-(ET)(2)Cu(SCN)(2) (this salt contains a ''self-assembled'' polymeric anion and was the first organic superconductor with T-c > 10 K) is also present in a kappa-phase ET-based superconductor containing a discrete anion. This finding is significant for the future development of organic superconductors with novel physical properties, because entirely new directions for the synthesis of unique superconducting systems are now possible with the use of large discrete anions which can be synthesized in a rational and repeatable fashion (as opposed to randomly synthesized self-assembled polymeric anions). C1 UNIV COLOGNE,INST ANORGAN CHEM,D-50939 COLOGNE,GERMANY. RP Schlueter, JA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012 NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00299-7 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UX644 UT WOS:A1996UX64400023 ER PT J AU Smith, AJ Beiersdorfer, P Decaux, V Widmann, K Reed, KJ Chen, MH AF Smith, AJ Beiersdorfer, P Decaux, V Widmann, K Reed, KJ Chen, MH TI Measurement of the contributions of high-n satellite lines to the Kappa beta lines of He-like Ar16+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RAY SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS; DIELECTRONIC-RECOMBINATION; RESONANCE LINE; K-SHELL; IONS; IMPLOSIONS; DENSITY AB We have measured the contributions from high-n dielectronic satellite lines to the 1s(2)-1s3p P-1(1) resonance line of heliumlike Ar16+. Using a high-resolution crystal spectrometer to analyze the x-ray emission of ions trapped and excited in an electron-beam ion trap, contributions from satellite levels of the type 1s3lnl' - 1s(2)nl', for n = 3,4,5 and n greater than or equal to 6, have been recorded. The resonance strength of the n = 3 satellites was measured to be (4.65+/-0.67) x 10(-21) cm(2) eV. The resonance strength of the n = 4 satellites was determined to be larger than that of the n = 3 satellites and that of the n = 5 satellites was found to be nearly equal to the resonance strength of the n = 3 satellites. The n(-3) dependence of resonance strengths expected from the n scaling of the Auger rates is thus shown to not be valid for the satellites studied in our measurements. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Smith, AJ (reprint author), MOREHOUSE COLL,DEPT PHYS,ATLANTA,GA 30314, USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 462 EP 466 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.462 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400053 ER PT J AU Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY AF Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY TI Hyperspherical theory of three-particle fragmentation and Wannier's threshold law SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-HYDROGEN SCATTERING; MULTIPLE IONIZATION; HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR; IMPACT IONIZATION; 2-ELECTRON ESCAPE; ATOM IONIZATION; SPIN ASYMMETRY; CROSS-SECTIONS; NEAR-THRESHOLD; FIELDS AB A representation of three particle wave functions well adapted to computations of low-energy fragmentation states of systems interacting electrostatically is derived. A basis called an angle-Sturmian basis, is introduced. Exact wave functions are represented by sums over the angle-Sturmian functions and integrals over the index of Bessel functions. Equations for the coefficients of the Sturmian functions are derived. Solutions of these equations are given in the approximation that one Sturmian is employed. Integral representations of the approximate three-particle wave functions are obtained. Evaluation of the integral for large hyper-radius R gives the hidden-crossing theory, familiar from representations of ion-atom interactions at low energy. It is shown that ionization components emerge simply only for complex values of R. Such components conform to Wannier's threshold law. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST, ST PETERSBURG 194021, RUSSIA. RP UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 NR 47 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 544 EP 560 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.544 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400063 ER PT J AU Cohen, JS AF Cohen, JS TI Quasiclassical-trajectory Monte Carlo methods for collisions with two-electron atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MANY-BODY MODEL; CHARGE-TRANSFER; IONIZATION PROCESSES; HYDROGEN COLLISIONS; HE2+ IONS; HELIUM; CAPTURE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SCATTERING; HEISENBERG AB A quasiclassical-trajectory Monte Carlo (QTMC-EB) model is proposed to extend the classical,trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method to targets having more than one electron. Quasiclassical stability is achieved via constraining potentials that enforce lower energy bounds on the one-electron dynamics. Cross sections for all possible electronic rearrangements (single and double electron transfer, single and double ionization, and transfer ionization) in H++H, H++He, He2++He, and Li3++He collisions are calculated with this model and with the previously proposed model (QTMC-KW) of Kirschbaum and Wilets [Phys. Rev. A 21, 834 (1980)]. The results are compared with accurate experimental data. The regime of validity for the two-electron targets is found to be similar to that of the usual CTMC model for one-electron targets. RP Cohen, JS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 38 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 573 EP 586 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.573 PG 14 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400065 ER PT J AU Wells, JC Schultz, DR Gavras, P Pindzola, MS AF Wells, JC Schultz, DR Gavras, P Pindzola, MS TI Numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for intermediate-energy collisions of antiprotons with hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE IONIZATION; ATOM COLLISIONS; PROTON IMPACT; HARTREE-FOCK; HELIUM; HE2++HE; SPECTRA; SINGLE AB We study the behavior of ionization intermediate-energy collisions of antiprotons with atomic hydrogen by direct solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation represented on a three-dimensional Cartesian lattice. Total cross sections for these processes are computed over the collision energy range of 0.2 to 500 keV from knowledge of the asymptotic state probabilities as a function of impact parameter. The computed ionization cross sections are in good agreement with results from recent experiments conducted at CERN [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4627 (1995)]. In the energy range from 0.2 top 30 keV, for which measurements are not available, our calculations are in qualitative agreement with other results based on classical-trajectory and coupled-channel methods, confirming the predicted significant difference from the analog proton-impact ionization process. This contrast with proton-hydrogen collisions is also explored qualitatively by employing a model two-dimensional space in which lattice solutions are less computationally intensive. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AUBURN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP Wells, JC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 38 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 593 EP 604 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.593 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400067 ER PT J AU Wang, J McGuire, JH Burgdorfer, J Qiu, Y AF Wang, J McGuire, JH Burgdorfer, J Qiu, Y TI Consistency test of double ionization of helium by photons and charged particles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; EXCITATION-IONIZATION; SINGLE IONIZATION; ENERGY; ANTIPROTONS; SCATTERING; PROTONS; IMPACT; RATIO; HE AB We have performed a consistency test of recent data for the ratios of cross sections of double to single ionization of helium by photons and by fast charged particles. It is based on a relationship that connects the dipole and nondipole components of cross sections by charged particle impact to photoionization and Compton scattering, respectively. We find the high energy ratio R(Z) for charged particles to be a sensitive probe of the photoionization data near threshold. Using recent experimental data for photoionization, the asymptotic ratio R(Z) is found to range from 0.240% to 0.295%, as compared with direct experimental measurement of 0.26%. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Wang, J (reprint author), TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118, USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 613 EP 616 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.613 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400069 ER PT J AU Andersen, JU Chevallier, J Ball, GC Davies, WG Forster, JS Geiger, JS Davies, JA Geissel, H Kanter, EP AF Andersen, JU Chevallier, J Ball, GC Davies, WG Forster, JS Geiger, JS Davies, JA Geissel, H Kanter, EP TI Dielectronic recombination and energy loss for He-like Br-79 ions channeled in a thin single crystal of Si SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RESONANT TRANSFER; EXCITATION; CAPTURE; RTE AB Dielectronic recombination of He-like Br-79 ions channeled along the [110] axis of a thin Si crystal has been studied by the measurement of the charge-state distribution and x-ray production. The results of the charge-state measurements confirm that the probability of resonance capture is proportional to the valence electron density sampled by the ion. The energy-loss distributions of channeled ions are also in good agreement with theoretical estimates. C1 AECL RES, CHALK RIVER LABS, CHALK RIVER, ON K0J 1J0, CANADA. MCMASTER UNIV, DEPT ENGN PHYS, HAMILTON, ON L8S 4M1, CANADA. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH DARMSTADT MBH, D-64220 DARMSTADT, GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP Andersen, JU (reprint author), AARHUS UNIV, INST PHYS & ASTRON, DK-8000 AARHUS C, DENMARK. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 624 EP 635 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.624 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400071 ER PT J AU Yan, Q Zehner, DM Meyer, FW Schippers, S AF Yan, Q Zehner, DM Meyer, FW Schippers, S TI Projectile velocity and target temperature dependence of charge-state distributions of multicharged ions scattered during grazing interactions with a Au(110) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY; ELECTRON-EMISSION; PHASE-TRANSITION; ALKALI-IONS; NEUTRALIZATION; ACCELERATION; REALIZATION; COLLISIONS; AL(111); H+ AB We have made systematic measurements of scattered projectile charge-state distributions for multicharged He, N, Ne, Na, and Ar ions grazingly incident on a Au(110) single-crystal target. For projectiles whose neutral binding energies Lie below the valence band (N, Ar, He, and Ne), observed 1+ charge fractions were small at low velocities and steeply increased above well-defined threshold velocities. However, for Na projectiles with neutral binding energy above the Fermi level, a large (about 84%) 1+ charge fraction was found. The velocity dependence of the Na neutral fraction shows a ''kinematic resonance'' due to the virtual population of electronic states above the Fermi level in the projectile rest frame. The measured sample temperature dependence of the scattered 1+ charge fraction for Ne9+ projectiles incident along the [110] surface channeling direction reveals a significant decrease in projectile neutralization once the (2X1)-(1X1) phase transition temperature of the Au(110) surface at 650 K has been reached. C1 KERNFYS VERSNELLER INST,NL-9747 AA GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. RP Yan, Q (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008 OI Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.641 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400073 ER PT J AU Pieksma, M Gargaud, M McCarroll, R Havener, CC AF Pieksma, M Gargaud, M McCarroll, R Havener, CC TI Electron-capture cross section at near-thermal collision energies for Si4++D SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER; IONS AB Using a merged-beams technique, absolute total electron-capture cross sections have been measured in the thermal energy regime for collisions of Si4+ ions with neutral D atoms. State-of-the-art molecular-orbital coupled-channel calculations for the Si4++H(D) systems are compared to the measurements on an absolute scale. Both the existence of a surprisingly large kinematic isotope effect and an observed sharp low-energy increase of the cross section are attributed to trajectory effects due to an attractive ion-induced dipole. C1 OBSERV UNIV BORDEAUX 1,CNRS,UA 352,F-33720 FLORAC,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 06,LAB DYNAM MOL & ATOM,CNRS,UA 774,F-75252 PARIS,FRANCE. RP Pieksma, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP R13 EP R16 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.R13 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400004 ER PT J AU Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J Frey, MT Dunning, FB AF Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J Frey, MT Dunning, FB TI Dynamics of Rydberg wave packets generated by half-cycle pulses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; IONIZATION; ATOMS AB Wave packets comprising a superposition of very-high-lying Rydberg states have been created using a half-cycle pulse (HCP). The properties of the wave packet are probed using a second HCP that is applied following a variable time delay. The second pulse ionizes a fraction of the atoms and the survival probability exhibits pronounced oscillations that are associated with the quasiperiodic evolution of the wave packet. Good agreement is found between the experimental data and the results of a classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulation demonstrating that, for the times investigated, classical-quantum correspondence holds and quantum corrections are negligible. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RICE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77005. RICE UNIV,RICE QUANTUM INST,HOUSTON,TX 77005. RP Reinhold, CO (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 22 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP R33 EP R36 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.R33 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400009 ER PT J AU Strekalov, DV Pittman, TB Sergienko, AV Shih, YH Kwiat, PG AF Strekalov, DV Pittman, TB Sergienko, AV Shih, YH Kwiat, PG TI Postselection-free energy-time entanglement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BELL-INEQUALITY; 2-PHOTON INTERFEROMETRY; OPTICAL-FIBER; INTERFERENCE; VIOLATION; CONVERSION AB We report a two-photon interference experiment that realizes a postselection-free test of Bell's inequality based on energy-time entanglement. In contrast with all previous experiments of this type, the employed entangled states are obtained without the use of a beam splitter or a short coincidence window to ''throw away'' unwanted amplitudes. A (95.0+/-1.4)% interference fringe visibility is observed, implying a strong violation of the Bell inequality. The scheme is very compact and has demonstrated excellent stability, suggesting that it may be useful, for example, in practical quantum cryptography. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Strekalov, DV (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND BALTIMORE CTY,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21228, USA. RI Pittman, Todd/M-4686-2013 NR 38 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP R1 EP R4 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.R1 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UX034 UT WOS:A1996UX03400001 ER PT J AU Cho, JH Jia, QX Wu, XD Foltyn, SR Maley, MP AF Cho, JH Jia, QX Wu, XD Foltyn, SR Maley, MP TI Magnetotransport properties of SrRuO3 epitaxial thin films on (100)LaAlO3: Presence of localized magnetic moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; PRESSURE AB We report temperature and magnetic field dependences of the longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistances of high-quality epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films. We also report Hall effect measurements in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states. The magnetic field dependence of the longitudinal magnetoresistivity shows a simple scaling similar to H-2/(T - T-c)(2) far above the ferromagnetic transition temperature T-c. This observation supports a presence of localized magnetic moments above T-c. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.37 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600011 ER PT J AU Zhu, S Norton, DP Chamberlain, JE Shahedipour, F White, HW AF Zhu, S Norton, DP Chamberlain, JE Shahedipour, F White, HW TI Evidence of apical oxygen in artificially superconducting SrCuO2-BaCuO2 thin films: A Raman characterization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; BA-CU-O; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONS; MODES AB The artificially layered superlattices, Sr2BanCu2+nO4+2n+x (n=0,1,2,3) have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Raman frequency shifts were observed in the n=2 and n=3 films, while no vibrational modes were observed in the n=0 and n=1 films. The crystalline structures of the n=1 and n=1 films have an infinite-layered structure. The Raman peaks located at 604 cm(-1) in the n=2 film and at 587 cm(-1) in the n=3 film can be assigned to the apical oxygen vibration along the c axis. These observations indicate films with compositions n=2 and n=3 are superlattice structures with a Ba-O sublattice. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP Zhu, S (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.97 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600028 ER PT J AU Morris, JR Fu, CL Ho, KM AF Morris, JR Fu, CL Ho, KM TI Tight-binding study of tilt grain boundaries in diamond SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; DENSITY-MATRIX; TWIN BOUNDARY; FILMS; SI; RECONSTRUCTION; SEMICONDUCTORS; DISLOCATIONS AB We have examined a number of symmetric lilt grain boundary structures in diamond, using a transferable tight-binding (TB) carbon potential. Utilizing O(N) light-binding molecular dynamics, we are able to simulate several thousands of atoms, allowing us to examine low-angle boundaries with large periodicities. The lowest energy structure is the {111} twin boundary, corresponding to the Sigma = 3 70.53 degrees grain boundary. For angles less than 70.53 degrees, the boundaries are composed of a series of b = [01(1) over bar] edge dislocations. The core structures of : these dislocations are composed of five- and seven-atom rings. For these low-angle structures, the tight-binding energies have trends similar to those found using a Tersoff potential; both models give results that are consistent with linear elasticity theory. For the high-angle {211} and {311} boundaries, the tight-binding model predicts a reconstruction along the [011] direction, in order to eliminate dangling bonds. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Morris, JR (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,US DOE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 132 EP 138 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.132 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600032 ER PT J AU Zong, XF Shen, CF Liu, S Chen, Y Zhang, RJ Chen, Y Zhu, JG Evans, BD Gonzalez, R AF Zong, XF Shen, CF Liu, S Chen, Y Zhang, RJ Chen, Y Zhu, JG Evans, BD Gonzalez, R TI Model for radiation-induced electrical degradation of alpha-Al2O3 crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MGO CRYSTALS; DIELECTRIC-BREAKDOWN; INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; FISSION REACTOR; IRRADIATION; INSULATORS; DIFFUSION; AL2O3 AB When a ceramic oxide with an applied electric field is subjected to extended irradiation with energetic particles at elevated temperatures, the electrical conductivity has been reported to increase, a phenomenon termed radiation-induced electrical degradation (RIED). In the present study alpha-Al2O3 crystals were subjected to 1800 V/cm while irradiated with 1.8 MeV electrons at 773 K. Above a critical dose the conductivity increased. During the conductivity enhancement, the applied field was reversed, resulting in a decrease in the conductivity. This result demonstrates that RIED was caused by carriers injected from the electrodes, in concert with electrons and holes created during ionizing irradiation. A model for PIED is proposed: the injected carriers are trapped mainly at impurities near the electrodes, leading to formation of dislocations. These dislocations serve as traps for electrons and holes generated during ionizing radiation. A network of interconnecting dislocations is associated with the enhanced conductivity. C1 US DOE,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,DIV MAT SCI,GERMANTOWN,MD 20878. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. EDTEK INC,KENT,WA 98032. UNIV CARLOS III,DEPT FIS,ESCUELA POLITECN SUPER,E-28911 LEGANES,MADRID,SPAIN. RP Zong, XF (reprint author), FUDAN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SHANGHAI 200433,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.139 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600033 ER PT J AU Grimsditch, M Polian, A Wright, AC AF Grimsditch, M Polian, A Wright, AC TI Irreversible structural changes in vitreous B2O3 under pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; BORON-OXIDE; GLASS; SCATTERING; SIO2 AB The disappearance of the boroxol rings has been identified as the microscopic structural change which occurs in a-B2O3 upon pressure induced densification. Although changes in ''ring statistics'' is often assumed to be responsible for densification, our results provide the first unambiguous experimental verification. C1 UNIV PARIS 06, F-75252 PARIS, FRANCE. UNIV READING, JJ THOMSON PHYS LAB, READING RG6 6AF, BERKS, ENGLAND. RP Grimsditch, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Polian, Alain/E-1555-2017 OI Polian, Alain/0000-0003-2261-9114 NR 24 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.152 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600035 ER PT J AU Hudson, EA Allen, PG Terminello, LJ Denecke, MA Reich, T AF Hudson, EA Allen, PG Terminello, LJ Denecke, MA Reich, T TI Polarized x-ray-absorption spectroscopy of the uranyl ion: Comparison of experiment and theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE; SCATTERING; DEPENDENCE; AMPLITUDE; SPECTRA; EXAFS; PHASE AB The x-ray linear dichroism of the uranyl ion (UO22+) in uranium L(3)-edge extended x-ray-absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and L(1)- and L(3)-edge x-ray-absorption near-edge structure (XANES); has been investigated both by experiment and theory. A striking polarization dependence is observed in the experimental XANES and EXAFS for an oriented single crystal of uranyl acetate dihydrate [UO2(CH3CO2)(2) . 2H(2)O]. With the x-ray polarization vector aligned either parallel or perpendicular to the bond axis of the linear uranyl cation (O-U-O). Single-crystal results are compared to experimental spectra for a polycrystalline uranyl acetate sample and to calculations using the ab initio multiple-scattering (MS) code FEFF 6. Theoretical XANES spectra for uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) reproduce all the features of the measured uranyl acetate spectra. By identifying scattering paths which contribute to individual features in the calculated spectrum, a detailed understanding of the L(1)-edge-XANES is obtained. MS paths within the uranyl cation have a notable influence upon the XANES. The measured L(3)-edge EXAFS is also influenced by MS, especially when the x-ray polarization is parallel to the uranyl species. These MS contributions are extracted from the total EXAFS and compared to calculations. The best agreement with the isolated MS signal is obtained by using nonoverlapped muffin-tin spheres in the FEFF 6 calculation. This contrasts the L(1)-edge XANES calculations, in which overlapping was required for the best agreement with experiment. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM ROSSENDORF EV, INST RADIOCHEM, D-01314 DRESDEN, GERMANY. RP Hudson, EA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, GLENN T SEABORG INST TRANSACTINIUM SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Reich, Tobias/C-7064-2016 OI Reich, Tobias/0000-0002-5600-3951 NR 35 TC 131 Z9 131 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.156 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600036 ER PT J AU Macrander, AT Montano, PA Price, DL Kushnir, VI Blasdell, RC Kao, CC Cooper, BR AF Macrander, AT Montano, PA Price, DL Kushnir, VI Blasdell, RC Kao, CC Cooper, BR TI Inelastic x-ray scattering from TiC and Ti single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC STRUCTURE FACTOR; ELECTRON-ENERGY LOSS; AUTOIONIZATION EMISSION; METAL ATOMS; LI METAL; CR; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; SERIES; STATE AB Inelastic x-ray scattering spectra were measured with incident x rays having an energy near 8 keV for a range of momentum transfers q extending from 0.70 to 2.0 Angstrom(-1). We find spectral features corresponding to valence electron excitations, as well as Raman scattering corresponding to excitation from the 3p core states to the 3d valence states of Ti. The spectral features corresponding to valence electron excitations lie in the regime conventionally interpreted as a bulk plasmon together with intraband and interband transitions. We compare our data for TiC at q=1.05 Angstrom(-1) with calculations for the dynamical dielectric constant epsilon(q,omega) based on local-density theory. The agreement between the data and calculations permits us to interpret certain features in the spectra as arising from band transitions out of the strongly hybridized C 2p-Ti 3d band. The energy loss position of the Raman scattering peak is independent of momentum transfer for both TiC and Ti and lies at 48 eV for Ti. This value is above the highest-lying x-ray ultraviolet absorption resonance for atomic Ti at 43.5 eV. This shift in the data to higher energy transfer is consistent with electron energy loss spectra and photoemission results reported in the literature and indicates that important physical processes are not encompassed within existing theoretical approaches to x-ray Raman scattering. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60680 USA. MEMPHIS UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MEMPHIS, TN 38152 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. W VIRGINIA UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MORGANTOWN, WV 26506 USA. RP Macrander, AT (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV SCI MAT, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.305 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600053 ER PT J AU Liu, GK Cao, RX Beitz, JV Huang, J AF Liu, GK Cao, RX Beitz, JV Huang, J TI Analysis of angularly dependent ODNMR spectra of Eu-151(3+) in LaF3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR; RESONANCE; STATE AB The angular dependence and Zeeman splitting of optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance (ODNMR) spectra of the F-7(0), ground state of Eu-151(3+) in LaF3 have been measured in optical-rf double resonance experiments. Splitting of the degeneracy-left ODNMR spectrum is attributed to magnetically inequivalent Eu3+ sites. In analysis of the magnetic-field angle dependence of the spectra with an effective-operator Hamiltonian, nuclear quadrupole and magnetic interaction parameters as well as the orientation of the principal axes are determined. None of the principal axes coincides with the crystallographic axes. But the directions of the magnetic interaction tensors for different Eu3+ sites relate to each other according to a C-2 symmetry. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,EAU CLAIRE,WI 54702. RP Liu, GK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 483 EP 487 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.483 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600078 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JP AF Rodriguez, JP TI Critical behavior of the flux-line tension in extreme type-II superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITION; VORTEX FLUCTUATIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; VORTICES; LATTICE; MODEL; BI2SR2CACU2O8-Y; FILMS AB The entropic corrections to the flux-line energy of extreme type-II superconductors are computed using a schematic dual Villain model description of the flux quanta. We find that the temperature profile of the lower critical field vanishes polynomially at the transition with an exponent nu congruent to 2/3 in the isotropic case, while it exhibits an inflection point for the case of weakly coupled layers in parallel magnetic field. It is argued that vestiges of these effects have already been observed in high-temperature superconductors. RP Rodriguez, JP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 497 EP 501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.497 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600080 ER PT J AU Suh, BJ Borsa, F Sok, J Torgeson, DR Xu, M Xiong, Q Chu, CW AF Suh, BJ Borsa, F Sok, J Torgeson, DR Xu, M Xiong, Q Chu, CW TI Hg-199 and Cu-63 NMR in superconducting HgBa2CuO4+delta oriented powder SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; Y-89 NMR; YBA2CU3O7; STATE; DEPENDENCE; GAP AB Hg-199 NMR measurements have been performed both in the normal and in the superconducting state for an oriented HgBa2CuO4+delta superconducting powder sample with T-c = 96 K. The large anisotropic Knight shift of Hg-199, K-199(ax) = -0.15% at room temperature, is explained by the chemical shift related to the linear Hg-O(2) bonding configuration. Both K-199(iso) and K-199(ax) decrease below T-c and scale linearly with each other in the whole temperature range investigated. The Hg-199 Knight shift K-199 slowly decreases with decreasing temperature on approaching T-c in the normal state, reflecting the decrease of the uniform spin susceptibility chi '(0,0) with lowering temperature. The Hg-199 spin-echo decay can be fit by the product of a Gaussian component T-G(-1) and an exponential one (T-L(-1)). The Gaussian component T-G(-1) which is dominant above T-c, is shown to be due mainly to an indirect nuclear interaction via the conduction electrons (holes) and is found to be directly proportional to the spin contribution (K-199(sp)) of the Knight shift. The exponential component T-L(-1) becomes dominant well below T-c and is ascribed to the effect of thermal motion of flux lines. The Hg-199 nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T-1(-1) in the normal state shows a Korringa behavior well above T-c with (T1T)(-1) = 0.1 sec(-1) K-1. Reduction of (T1T)(-1) with decreasing temperature is observed starting about 10 K above T-1 and is consistent with the decrease of chi '(0,0) in the normal state observed in K(T) and T-G(-1) K-199(sp)(T) was extracted using the Korringa relation and below T-c, is found to fit the d-wave pairing scheme with a superconducting gap parameter 2 Delta(0)=3.5k(B)T(c). The d-wave pairing is also supported by the temperature dependence of Hg-199 T-1(-1) in the superconducting state. The (CU)-C-63 T-1(-1) and T-2(-1) measurements have been performed in the normal state. In contrast to the Korringa behavior of Hg-199 T-1(-1) in the normal state, the preliminary results show the increase of the (63) Cu (T1T)(-1) with decreasing temperature, indicating the enhancement of the antiferromagnetic fluctuations of CU2+ moments common in the high-T-c cuprates. The reduction of (CU)-C-63 (T1T)(-1) is observed starting above T-c and is compared with the decrease of Hg-199 K-sp, T-G(-1), and (T1T)(-1) in the normal state. The (CU)-C-63 nuclear spin-spin relaxation T-2(-1) is found to follow an exponential decay in the normal state and to decrease with decreasing temperature similar to the Hg-199 K-sp and T-G(-1). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV ARKANSAS,HIGH DENSITY ELECTR CTR,DEPT PHYS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP Suh, BJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 545 EP 555 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.545 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600086 ER PT J AU Chou, FC Johnston, DC AF Chou, FC Johnston, DC TI Phase separation and oxygen diffusion in electrochemically oxidized La2CuO4+delta: A static magnetic susceptibility study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL LA2CUO4+X; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; SPIN DYNAMICS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; OXIDATION; PRESSURE; TRANSPORT; LA2-XSRXCUO4; TEMPERATURE AB The compound La2CuO4+delta is known to phase separate for 0.01 less than or similar to delta less than or similar to 0.06 below a temperature T-ps similar to 300 K into the nearly stoichiometric antiferromagnetic compound La2CuO4.01-4.02 with Neel temperature T-N similar to 250 K, and a metallic oxygen-rich phase La2CuOsimilar to 4.06 with superconducting transition temperature T-c approximate to 34 K. We report studies of the superconducting and normal-state static magnetic susceptibility chi of La2CuO4+delta samples with 0 less than or similar to delta less than or equal to 0.11 prepared by electrochemical oxidation or reduction of conventionally synthesized ceramic La2CuO4+delta. The upper limit to the miscibility gap at low T is found be delta less than or similar to 0.065, in agreement with the previous work. The interstitial oxygen diffusion during the phase-separation process was studied using thermal- and magnetic-field history-dependent chi(T,t) measurements versus temperature T and time t as a probe. Phase-separation is found to be suppressed by quenching at greater than or similar to = 100 K/s and favored by slow cooling at similar to 0.5 K/min. A large thermal hysteresis of both the normal and superconducting state chi(T) was observed between data obtained after quenching to 5 K and then warming, and data obtained while or after slowly cooling from 300 K, for samples of La2CuO4+delta (delta approximate to 0.030, 0.044) within the miscibility gap. Quenching reduces T-c by approximate to 5 K relative to the value (34 K) obtained after slow cooling. A similar decrease is found for La2CuO4.065 which does not phase separate, indicating the importance of oxygen-ordering effects within this single phase. A model for the excess oxygen diffusion is presented, from which the data yield a nearly T-independent activation energy for excess oxygen diffusion of (0.24 +/- 0.03) eV from 150 to 220 K apart from a possible anomaly near 210 K. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP MIT, CTR MAT SCI & ENGN, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 81 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 572 EP 583 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.572 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600088 ER PT J AU Gao, F Carr, GL Porter, CD Tanner, DB Williams, GP Hirschmugl, CJ Dutta, B Wu, XD Etemad, S AF Gao, F Carr, GL Porter, CD Tanner, DB Williams, GP Hirschmugl, CJ Dutta, B Wu, XD Etemad, S TI Quasiparticle damping and the coherence peak in YBa2Cu3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE SCATTERING; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR; THIN-FILMS; ORIENTED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; INFRARED PROPERTIES; CONDUCTIVITY; STATE; RELAXATION; CRYSTALS; BI2SR2CACU2O8 AB The far-infrared (30-350 cm(-1)) transmittance and reflectance of two ab-plane-oriented YBa2Cu3O7-delta films have been measured. These data show that the quasiparticle relaxation rate, 1/tau; has a fast decrease below T-c and saturates at T much less than T-c. Above T-c, 1/tau exhibits a linear temperature dependence, in accord with the linear dc resistivity in the normal state. The fast decrease of 1/tau is unique and intrinsic to the high-T-c cuprates; it does not occur in conventional BCS superconductors, where the scattering is from impurity or phonons. The !Ow-frequency conductivity sigma(1) inferred from the far-infrared transmittance and reflectance measurements exhibits a peak just below T-c. The conductivity peak occurs at higher frequencies than those expected for BCS coherence effects. The peak in sigma(1) is attributed to the rapid drop in 1/tau confined with a decreasing normal-fluid density. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BELL COMMUN RES INC,RED BANK,NJ 07701. RP Gao, F (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYS,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 700 EP 710 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.700 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600102 ER PT J AU Morgan, JG VonDreele, RB Wochner, P Shapiro, SM AF Morgan, JG VonDreele, RB Wochner, P Shapiro, SM TI Inelastic neutron scattering from single crystal Zn under high pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADIENT; ZINC METAL; HCP-METALS; MOSSBAUER AB Inelastic neutron-scattering experiments have been performed for single crystals of Zn under pressures up to 8.8 GPa at 300 K. The phonon modes q/q(max) = xi = 0.075 and xi = 0.10 were measured in the transverse acoustic branch Sigma(3), where q = 0 corresponds with the elastic constant C-44. The phonon energy showed a substantial hardening with increasing pressure. The experimental data below 6.8 GPa for xi = 0.075 yield a constant Gruneisen mode gamma(i) = - In omega(i)/InV of 2.25 in good agreement with a previous calculation [H. Ledbetter, Phys. Status Solidi B 181, 81 (1994)]. Above 6.8 GPa, there is a very rapid increase of yi which is indicative of the presence of a giant Kohn anomaly. This rapid divergence at high pressure indicates that a phonon softening may occur at pressures higher than 8.8 GPa caused by the collapse of the giant Kohn anomaly via an electronic topological transition (ETT). In an earlier Mossbauer Zn study at 4 K [W. Potzel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1139 (1994)], a drastic drop of the Lamb - Mossbauer factor was observed at 6.6 GPa, which was interpreted as being due to phonon softening, indicating this ETT had occurred. This paper also compares the compressibility data for single crystal Zn and Zn powder using neutron scattering. The results were found to be similar to an earlier x-ray Zn powder experiment [O. Schulte et al., High Pressure Res. 6, 169 (1991)]. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Morgan, JG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 812 EP 818 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.812 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000024 ER PT J AU Busch, K Soukoulis, CM AF Busch, K Soukoulis, CM TI Transport properties of random media: An energy-density CPA approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRONGLY SCATTERING MEDIA; CLASSICAL WAVES; DIFFUSION CONSTANT; LIGHT DIFFUSION; PROPAGATION; SPEED AB We present an approach for efficient, accurate calculations of the transport properties of random media. It is based on the principle that the wave energy density should be uniform when averaged over length scales larger than the size of the scatterers. This method captures the effects of the resonant scattering of the individual scatterer exactly, and by using a coated sphere as the basic scattering unit, multiple scattering contributions may be incorporated in a mean-field sense. Its application to both "scalar" and "vector" classical waves gives exact results in the long-wavelength limit as well as excellent agreement with experiment for the mean free path, transport velocity, and the diffusion coefficient for finite frequencies. Furthermore, it qualitatively and quantitatively agrees with experiment for all densities of scatterers and contains no adjustable parameter. This approach is of general use and can be easily extended to treat different types of wave propagation in random media. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST THEORIE KONDENSIERTEN MAT, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP Busch, K (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 23 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 893 EP 899 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.893 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000034 ER PT J AU Antropov, VP Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN vanSchilfgaarde, M Kusnezov, D AF Antropov, VP Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN vanSchilfgaarde, M Kusnezov, D TI Spin dynamics in magnets: Equation of motion and finite temperature effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING THEORY; LOCAL-BAND THEORY; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION-METALS; GAMMA-FE; ITINERANT FERROMAGNETISM; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; ENSEMBLE AVERAGES AB General equations of motion are introduced for the evaluation bf spin dynamics in magnetic materials. The theory uses the adiabatic separation oi diagonal and off-diagonal components of the spin density matrix: This adiabatic approach considers the orientation of the local magnetic moments to be slowly varying relative to, their magnitudes. The angles of the magnetization density are introduced as collective variables in density functional theory. The equations and technique can be simultaneously combined with those of first-principles molecular dynamics for the consistent treatment of spin-lattice interactions. Stochastic and deterministic approaches for treating finite temperature effects are introduced for such dynamics. The method is implemented within the local density approximation and applied to gamma-Fe, a frustrated system where we obtain additional low-energy magnetic configurations. C1 SRI INT, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA. YALE UNIV, SLOANE PHYS LAB, CTR THEORET PHYS, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520 USA. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012 NR 83 TC 194 Z9 196 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1019 EP 1035 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1019 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000048 ER PT J AU Conover, MJ Fullerton, EE Bader, SD AF Conover, MJ Fullerton, EE Bader, SD TI Magnetization studies of Ho/Y superlattices: Role of magnetoelastic coupling effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GD-Y SUPERLATTICES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ER/Y SUPERLATTICES; HOLMIUM-YTTRIUM; FILMS; SCATTERING; ORDER AB Ho films and Ho/Y superlattices were fabricated and characterized structurally and magnetically. Anomalies in the magnetization vs field applied along the easy axis identify magnetic phase transitions, as found in bulk Ho, but with enhanced critical fields. The critical fields required to magnetize the samples vary systematically with the total Ho fraction in a manner that is shown to be consistent with the assumption that the Ho and Y layers are magnetoelastically coupled. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1100 EP 1104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1100 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000057 ER PT J AU Ovchinnikov, YN Kresin, VZ AF Ovchinnikov, YN Kresin, VZ TI Recovery of superconductivity and the critical field in layered superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SR-CU-O; MAGNETIC-FIELD; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; RESISTIVE TRANSITION; TL2BA2CUO6+DELTA; TC; OXIDES; ORDER; STATE AB The presence of magnetic impurities greatly affects the temperature dependence of the critical field H-c2. We focus, mainly, on layered superconductors. As a result of correlations among magnetic impurities, the scattering amplitude Gamma(s) decreased with T --> 0 K. This temperature dependence leads to a weakening of the pair-breaking effect and consequently to a positive curvature of H-c2(T) and a drastic increase in H-c2(0). The calculations are in excellent agreement with recent experimental data. It is also shown that the presence of inhomogeneities of a certain size also modifies the temperature dependence of H-c2. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733V, RUSSIA. RP Ovchinnikov, YN (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST CONDENSED MATTER THEORY, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. NR 64 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1251 EP 1263 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1251 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000075 ER PT J AU Li, Q Fukumoto, Y Zhu, Y Suenaga, M Kaneko, T Sato, K Simon, C AF Li, Q Fukumoto, Y Zhu, Y Suenaga, M Kaneko, T Sato, K Simon, C TI Effect of columnar defects on reversible magnetization of superconducting Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; BOSON LOCALIZATION; CURRENT-DENSITY; LINEAR DEFECTS; FLUCTUATIONS; CRYSTALS; BI2SR2CACU2O8; DEPENDENCE AB c-axis-oriented superconducting Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta B (Bi-2223) tapes have been irradiated with 5.8-GeV Pb ions to produce columnar defects along the c axis. The magnetization M as a function of field and temperature were measured for both the unirradiated and irradiated samples at matching field B-phi values of 1.28, 2.0, and 4 T. In striking contrast to the conventional log(B) dependence of the reversible M in the London regime, the field dependence of the reversible M for the irradiated samples exhibits some unusual characteristics. A large reduction in the value of M was observed at B less than or equal to B-phi while a maximum appears at B > B-phi. We explain this field dependence in terms of the London model modified by the localization of the vortex lines in the columnar defects. Based on this study, we obtained the single vortex pinning energy for Bi-2223 by these columnar defects. C1 SUMITOMO ELECT IND LTD,OSAKA RES LABS,OSAKA 554,JAPAN. ISMRA UNIV,CNRSURA,LAB CRISMAT,CAEN,FRANCE. RP Li, Q (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI simon, charles/M-9078-2016 OI simon, charles/0000-0002-1033-1183 NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP R788 EP R791 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.R788 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UX200 UT WOS:A1996UX20000019 ER PT J AU Hoff, RW Borner, HG Schreckenbach, K Colvin, GG Hoyler, F Schauer, W vonEgidy, T Georgii, R Ott, J Schrunder, S Casten, RF Gill, RL Balodis, M Prokofjevs, P Simonova, L Kern, J Khitrov, VA Sukhovoj, AM Bersillon, O Joly, S Graw, G Hofer, D Valnion, B AF Hoff, RW Borner, HG Schreckenbach, K Colvin, GG Hoyler, F Schauer, W vonEgidy, T Georgii, R Ott, J Schrunder, S Casten, RF Gill, RL Balodis, M Prokofjevs, P Simonova, L Kern, J Khitrov, VA Sukhovoj, AM Bersillon, O Joly, S Graw, G Hofer, D Valnion, B TI Nuclear structure of Tm-170 from neutron-capture and (d,p)-reaction measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID Q3D MAGNETIC SPECTROGRAPH; LIGHT-ION DETECTOR; HIGH-FLUX REACTOR; ODD-ODD NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAYS; RESOLUTION; GRENOBLE; POSITION; READOUT AB We have made experimental measurements in Tm-170 of the following: secondary gamma rays, conversion electrons, and gamma-gamma coincidences from thermal neutron capture in Tm-169, primary gamma rays from average resonance capture with 2-keV and 24-keV neutron beams, and proton spectra from the (d,p) reaction on Tm-169. From these data and those of previous investigations, we have identified more than 130 excited levels in Tm-170 below 1550 keV. Of these, 62 (with connecting transitions) are placed in 18 rotational bands with assigned Nilsson configurations. These results are in good agreement with a semiempirical modeling of Tm-170 level structure. Values for seven Gallagher-Moszkowski splittings and four Newby shifts have been obtained. These matrix elements show remarkably good agreement with calculation. Among the observed K-pi=1(-) and (2-) rotational bands, configuration mixing appears to play a significant role. C1 INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. TECH UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NUCL RES CTR,LV-2169 RIGA,LATVIA. UNIV FRIBOURG,CH-1700 FRIBOURG,SWITZERLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA,RUSSIA. CEA,F-91680 BRUYERES CHATEL,FRANCE. UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP Hoff, RW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 78 EP 116 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.78 PG 39 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800014 ER PT J AU Rudolph, D Gross, CJ Akovali, YA Baktash, C Doring, J Durham, FE Hua, PF Johns, GD Korolija, M LaFosse, DR Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Rathbun, W Sarantites, DG Stracener, DW Tabor, SL Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I AF Rudolph, D Gross, CJ Akovali, YA Baktash, C Doring, J Durham, FE Hua, PF Johns, GD Korolija, M LaFosse, DR Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Rathbun, W Sarantites, DG Stracener, DW Tabor, SL Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I TI Shell-model influence in the rotational nucleus Mo-86 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; COLLECTIVITY; ISOTOPES; BEHAVIOR; MASS-80; BAND AB High-spin states in Mo-86 were studied by means of the fusion evaporation reaction Ni-58(S-32,2p2n) Mo-86 at 135 MeV beam energy. Charged-particle-gamma gamma and -gamma gamma gamma coincidences recorded with the early implementation of the GAMMASPHERE array and the MICROBALL charged-particle detection system were used to largely extend the level scheme of the T-tau=1 nucleus Mo-86 to a possible spin of I=24h at 13 MeV excitation energy. The excitation scheme is compared to neighboring nuclei. There is evidence for enhanced shell-model influence in the 4 quasiparticle region (I=12-16h). The observed (pi=+,alpha=0) sequence at spin I greater than or equal to 16 h appears to be associated with a triaxial collective rotational band. This interpretation is supported by calculations within the configuration-dependent shell-correction approach with the cranked Nilsson potential. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. LATVIAN ACAD SCI,NUCL RES CTR,LV-2169 RIGA,LATVIA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.117 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800015 ER PT J AU Cottle, PD Zamfir, NV AF Cottle, PD Zamfir, NV TI Systematic behavior of octupole states in deformed rare earth nuclei and the interacting boson approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH DISTRIBUTIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; MODEL; EXCITATIONS; ER-168; BANDS; RESONANCE; ISOTOPES; ONSET AB A method for setting epsilon(f), one of the parameters in the interacting boson approximation-1 (IBA-1) with one f boson, by using the systematic behavior of the centroids of observed E3 strength is proposed and applied to obtaining fits for octupole bands in the deformed rare earth region. The ordering of bands with different K values, B(E3) strengths and B(E1) values are well reproduced. The calculations are in good agreement with the data in nearly all the K=0, 1, and 2 octupole bands examined here. The least satisfactory fits were obtained for the K-pi=0(-) bands in Dy-160,Dy-162. It is predicted that in Dy-160,Dy-162,Dy-164, Er-168, and Yb-172 the K=3 octupole states based on the ground state and having significant E3 strength are above 6 MeV and are strongly fragmented. These results are quite different from predictions made previously. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. CLARK UNIV,WORCESTER,MA 01610. YALE UNIV,WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. INST ATOM PHYS,BUCHAREST,ROMANIA. RP Cottle, PD (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011 NR 48 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 176 EP 188 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.176 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800020 ER PT J AU Dardenne, YX Aryaeinejad, R Asztalos, SJ Babu, BRS ButlerMoore, K Chu, SY Cole, JD Drigert, MW Gregorich, KE Hamilton, JH Kormicki, J Lee, IY Lougheed, RW Lu, QH Ma, WC Mohar, MF Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Ramayya, AV Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Wild, JF AF Dardenne, YX Aryaeinejad, R Asztalos, SJ Babu, BRS ButlerMoore, K Chu, SY Cole, JD Drigert, MW Gregorich, KE Hamilton, JH Kormicki, J Lee, IY Lougheed, RW Lu, QH Ma, WC Mohar, MF Moody, KJ Prussin, SG Ramayya, AV Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Wild, JF TI Observation of cold fission in Pu-242 spontaneous fission SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CF-252 AB Coincidence gamma-ray data from the spontaneous fission of Pu-242 were collected at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory high purity Ge (HPGe) array, GAMMASPHERE. Data from several cold-fission (0 neutron emission) isotopic pairs were observed and are presented. An interesting trend in the fractional population of cold-fission events was observed and is discussed. Relative yields of Zr-Xe, Sr-Ba, and Mo-Te pairs were measured. The Zr-Xe system has the most complete data set. Some speculations on the trend in the number of neutrons emitted as a function of the mass of the Xe isotope populated are presented. Comparisons between the yields from the spontaneous fission of Pu-242 and the yields from thermal-neutron-induced fission of Pu-241 are also presented. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Dardenne, YX (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 206 EP 210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.206 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800023 ER PT J AU Anderson, BD Garcia, LAC Millener, DJ Manley, DM Baldwin, AR Fazely, A Madey, R Tamimi, N Watson, JW Foster, CC AF Anderson, BD Garcia, LAC Millener, DJ Manley, DM Baldwin, AR Fazely, A Madey, R Tamimi, N Watson, JW Foster, CC TI C-12(p,n)N-12 reaction at 135 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-EXCHANGE REACTIONS; GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; CA-48(P,N)SC-48 REACTION; C-12(N,P)B-12 REACTION; INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; MODEL SPACE; E/A=135 MEV; C-12; STATE AB We report observations from the (p,n) reaction on C-12 at 135 MeV. The experiment was performed with the beam-swinger neutron time-of-flight system at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility. Neutrons were detected in large-volume plastic scintillation detectors located in three detector stations at 0 degrees, 24 degrees, and 45 degrees with respect to the undeflected beam line; the flight paths were 91 m, 91 m, and 74 m, respectively. Overall time resolutions of about 825 ps provided energy resolutions of about 350 keV in the first two stations and about 425 keV in the third station. The angular distributions for states with excitation energies up to 10 MeV are presented and comparisons are made with DWIA calculations that use one-body density matrices from Ono and <1(h)over bar omega> shell-model calculations. New information is deduced on the excitation energies, widths, and spin-parity assignments for several energy levels of N-12. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,NUCL RES CTR,KENT,OH 44242. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. INDIANA UNIV,CYCLOTRON FACIL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. HAMPTON UNIV,HAMPTON,VA 23668. RP Anderson, BD (reprint author), KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242, USA. NR 74 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 237 EP 253 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.237 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800027 ER PT J AU Kahana, DE Kahana, SH Pang, Y Baltz, AJ Dover, CB Schnedermann, E Schlagel, TJ AF Kahana, DE Kahana, SH Pang, Y Baltz, AJ Dover, CB Schnedermann, E Schlagel, TJ TI Modeling cluster production at the BNL Alternating Gradient Synchrotron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; ANTIDEUTERON PRODUCTION; ANTIPROTON PRODUCTION; PION INTERFEROMETRY; DEUTERON FORMATION; COALESCENCE MODEL; MECHANISMS; GEV/C; SIZE AB Deuteron coalescence, during a relativistic nucleus-nucleus collision, is carried out in a model incorporating a minimal quantal treatment of the formation of the cluster from its individual nucleons by evaluating the overlap of initial cascading nucleon wave packets with the final deuteron wave function. The nucleon wave packet sizes are estimated dynamically using the coalescing pair's past light-cone history. A parameter free determination of the absolute deuteron yields results, and a globally consistent picture of the Si+Au measurements is achieved. In light of the deuteron's evident fragility, information obtained from this analysis may be useful in establishing freeze-out volumes and help in heralding the presence of high-density phenomena in a baryon-rich environment. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11791 USA. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. OI Kahana, David Ewan/0000-0003-1266-9089 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 338 EP 352 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.338 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800039 ER PT J AU Blackmon, JC Champagne, AE Dickens, JK Harvey, JA Hofstee, MA Kopecky, S Larson, DC Powell, DC Raman, S Smith, MS AF Blackmon, JC Champagne, AE Dickens, JK Harvey, JA Hofstee, MA Kopecky, S Larson, DC Powell, DC Raman, S Smith, MS TI Measurement of Li-7(n, y(0))Li-8 cross sections at E(n)=1.5-1340 eV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE; LI-7(N,GAMMA)LI-8 AB The Li-7(n,gamma)Li-8 cross section is important,in inhomogeneous big bang models, and as a constraint on model parameters used to determine the solar Be-7(p,gamma)B-8 reaction rate. Values of the Li-7(n,gamma(0))Li-8 reaction cross section were measured for neutron energies between 1.5 and 1340 eV at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator. The normalization of the cross section was determined by measuring the gamma-ray yield from the Li-7(n,gamma(0))Li-8 reaction relative to that from the B-10(n,alpha gamma)Li-7 reaction. The cross section was found to have the inverse neutron-velocity relationship (1/v) indicative of s-wave capture. These results help resolve ambiguities in previous measurements. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. TRIANGLE UNIV NUCL LAB, DURHAM, NC 27088 USA. TECH UNIV VIENNA, INST KERNPHYS, A-1020 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. RP UNIV N CAROLINA, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 383 EP 388 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.383 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800043 ER PT J AU Bahcall, JN Lisi, E Alburger, DE DeBraeckeleer, L Freedman, SJ Napolitano, J AF Bahcall, JN Lisi, E Alburger, DE DeBraeckeleer, L Freedman, SJ Napolitano, J TI Standard neutrino spectrum from B-8 decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH; INDUCED WEAK CURRENTS; BETA-DECAY; SOLAR NEUTRINOS; ALPHA SPECTRA; CROSS-SECTION; NUCLEI; CL-37; LI-8; EFFICIENCY AB We present a systematic evaluation of the shape of the neutrino energy spectrum produced by beta decay of B-8. We place special emphasis on determining the range of uncertainties permitted by existing laboratory data and theoretical ingredients (such as forbidden and radiative corrections). We review and compare the available experimental data on the B-8(beta+)Be-8(2 alpha) decay chain. We analyze the theoretical and experimental uncertainties quantitatively. We give a numerical representation of the best-fit (standard-model) neutrino spectrum, as well as two extreme deviations from the standard spectrum that represent the total (experimental and theoretical) effective +/-3 sigma deviations. Solar neutrino experiments that are currently being developed will be able to measure the shape of the B-8 neutrino spectrum above about 5 MeV. An observed distortion of the 8B solar neutrino spectrum outside the range given in the present work could be considered as evidence, at an effective significance level greater than three standard deviations, for physics beyond the standard electroweak model. We use the most recent available experimental data on the Gamow-Teller strengths in the A = 37 system to calculate the B-8 neutrino absorption cross section on chlorine: sigma(Cl)=(1.14+/-0.11)x10(-42) cm(2) (+/-3 sigma errors). The chlorine cross section is also given as a function of the neutrino energy. The B-8 neutrino absorption cross section. in gallium is sigma(Ga)=(2.46(-1.1)(+2.1))x10(-42) cm(2) (+/-3 sigma errors). C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST, TROY, NY 12180 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, BARI, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ BARI, BARI, ITALY. RP INST ADV STUDY, OLDEN LANE, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA. RI Lisi, Eligio/I-9260-2012 NR 62 TC 155 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 411 EP 422 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.411 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800046 ER PT J AU Vo, DT Kelly, WH Wohn, FK Hill, JC Vary, JP Deleplanque, MA Stephens, FS Diamond, RM Oliveira, JRB Macchiavelli, AO Becker, JA Henry, EA Brinkman, MJ Stoyer, MA Draper, JE AF Vo, DT Kelly, WH Wohn, FK Hill, JC Vary, JP Deleplanque, MA Stephens, FS Diamond, RM Oliveira, JRB Macchiavelli, AO Becker, JA Henry, EA Brinkman, MJ Stoyer, MA Draper, JE TI Very weak gamma transitions in the epsilon/beta(+) decay of Ga-68 - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Letter AB Using the spectra in the article ''Very weak gamma transitions in the epsilon/beta(+) decay of 68 Ga'' [D. T. Vo et at. Phys. Rev. C 50, 1713 (1994)], Skalsey makes an interesting speculation in the accompanying article [M. Skalsey, Phys. Rev. C 54, 439 (1996), the preceding paper] on the possible existence of a positron feeding with a kinetic endpoint energy of 16 keV in the decay of Ga-68 Skalsey also points out the facts supporting the e(+) feeding to the 1656-keV level that were not mentioned by Vo et al. In this Reply to the Comment, we present information supporting the new e(+) decay to the 1656-keV level and further information on the statistical uncertainties that suggest an even greater skepticism than that shown by Skalsey about the possible existence of the 16-keV e(+) decay to the 1883-keV level upon which he commented. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Vo, DT (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/J-3124-2012 OI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/0000-0003-1362-7382 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 441 EP 442 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.441 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800053 ER PT J AU Bingham, CR Toth, KS Batchelder, JC Blumenthal, DJ Brown, LT Busse, BC Conticchio, LF Davids, CN Davinson, T Henderson, DJ Irvine, RJ Seweryniak, D Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zimmerman, BE AF Bingham, CR Toth, KS Batchelder, JC Blumenthal, DJ Brown, LT Busse, BC Conticchio, LF Davids, CN Davinson, T Henderson, DJ Irvine, RJ Seweryniak, D Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zimmerman, BE TI Identification of Pt-166 and Pt-167 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PROTON RADIOACTIVITY AB In a series of Kr-78 bombardments of Mo-92 the new isotopes Pt-166 and Pt-167 were identified via their alpha-decay properties. The alpha-decay energies and half-lives of these two nuclides are as follows. (1) Pt-166, E(alpha) = 7110(15) keV, T-1/2 = 0.3(1) ms, and (2) Pt-167, E(alpha) = 6988(10) keV, T-1/2 = 0.7(2) ms. Also, the half-life of Pt-168, which was previously unknown, was determined to be 2.0(4) ms. In a separate but concurrent experiment involving Kr-78 + (96)RU reactions, Pt-170 was made and a half-life of 14.7(5) ms was measured for it; the one published value is 6(-2)(+5) ms. Results for Os-162-164, contained in the same data sets were also analyzed and by using mother-daughter correlations, the alpha branches of Os-162,Os-163,Os-164 were established to be near 100%. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OREGON STATE UNIV,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV EDINBURGH,EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. RP Bingham, CR (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 14 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP R20 EP R23 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.R20 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800006 ER PT J AU Rusek, A Bassalleck, B Berdoz, A Burger, T Burger, M Chrien, RE Diebold, GE Enyo, H Fischer, H Franklin, GB Franz, J Iijima, T Imai, K Lowe, J Magahiz, R Masaike, A Meyer, CA McCrady, R Merrill, F Mihara, S Nelson, JM Okada, K Pile, PH Quinn, B Rossle, E Saito, N Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Schumacher, RA Stearns, RL Stotzer, R Sukaton, R Sutter, R Takeutchi, F Wolfe, DM Yamamoto, K Yamashita, S Yokkaichi, S Zeps, V Zybert, R AF Rusek, A Bassalleck, B Berdoz, A Burger, T Burger, M Chrien, RE Diebold, GE Enyo, H Fischer, H Franklin, GB Franz, J Iijima, T Imai, K Lowe, J Magahiz, R Masaike, A Meyer, CA McCrady, R Merrill, F Mihara, S Nelson, JM Okada, K Pile, PH Quinn, B Rossle, E Saito, N Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Schumacher, RA Stearns, RL Stotzer, R Sukaton, R Sutter, R Takeutchi, F Wolfe, DM Yamamoto, K Yamashita, S Yokkaichi, S Zeps, V Zybert, R TI Strangelet search and light nucleus production in relativistic Si+Pt and Au+Pt collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-MATTER; P+PT COLLISIONS; GEV/C; DENSITY AB A strangelet search in Si+Pt and Au+Pt collisions at alternating-gradient synchrotron (AGS) energies, using a focusing spectrometer, sensitive to mass per charge of 3-14 GeV/c(2) was conducted during the 1992 and 1993 heavy ion runs at the AGS. The null results thereof are presented as upper limits on the invariant production cross section, in the range of 10(-5)-10(-4) mb c(3)/GeV2, and model dependent sensitivity limits in the range of 10(-7)-10(-5) per collision. Measurements of the production cross sections of several nonstrange nuclear systems, from p to Be-7 and Li-8, the background of the strangelet search, are also presented. C1 UNIV BIRMINGHAM,DEPT PHYS,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV FREIBURG,FAK PHYS,D-79104 FREIBURG,GERMANY. KYOTO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAKYO KU,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. KYOTO SANGYO UNIV,FAC SCI,KYOTO 603,JAPAN. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. VASSAR COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,POUGHKEEPSIE,NY 12601. YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Rusek, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014; Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017 OI Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378; Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X; NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP R15 EP R19 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.R15 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA UX898 UT WOS:A1996UX89800005 ER PT J AU Barnett, RM Carone, CD Groom, DE Trippe, TG Wohl, CG Armstrong, B Gee, PS Wagman, GS James, F Mangano, M Monig, K Montanet, L Feng, JL Murayama, H Hernandez, JJ Manohar, A AguilarBenitez, M Caso, C Crawford, RL Roos, M Tornqvist, NA Hayes, KG Hagiwara, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Olive, K Honscheid, K Burchat, PR Shrock, RE Eidelman, S Schindler, RH Gurtu, A Hikasa, K Conforto, G Workman, RL Grab, C Amsler, C AF Barnett, RM Carone, CD Groom, DE Trippe, TG Wohl, CG Armstrong, B Gee, PS Wagman, GS James, F Mangano, M Monig, K Montanet, L Feng, JL Murayama, H Hernandez, JJ Manohar, A AguilarBenitez, M Caso, C Crawford, RL Roos, M Tornqvist, NA Hayes, KG Hagiwara, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Olive, K Honscheid, K Burchat, PR Shrock, RE Eidelman, S Schindler, RH Gurtu, A Hikasa, K Conforto, G Workman, RL Grab, C Amsler, C TI Particles and field .1. Review of particle physics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review AB This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. C1 CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV VALENCIA, CSIC, IFIC, INST FIS CORPUSCULAR, E-46100 BURJASSOT, VALENCIA, SPAIN. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PHYS, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV GENOA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GENOA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, LANARK, SCOTLAND. HELSINKI UNIV, DEPT PHYS, FIN-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. HELSINKI UNIV, RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, FIN-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. HILLSDALE COLL, DEPT PHYS, HILLSDALE, MI 49242 USA. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS, KEK, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, INST THEORET PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. INST NUCL PHYS, NOVOSIBIRSK 630090, RUSSIA. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. TOHOKU UNIV, DEPT PHYS, AOBA KU, SENDAI, MIYAGI 98077, JAPAN. UNIV URBINO, I-61029 URBINO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. ETH ZURICH, INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV ZURICH, INST PHYS, CH-8057 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. RP LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV PHYS, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014 OI Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200 NR 1358 TC 1745 Z9 1749 U1 1 U2 44 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1 PN 1 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV186 UT WOS:A1996UV18600001 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmaan, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmaan, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Search for charged Higgs boson decays of the top quark using hadronic tau decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR AB We present the result of a search for charged Higgs boson decays of the top quark, produced in p (p) over bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV. When the charged Higgs boson is heavy and decays to a tau lepton, which subsequently decays hadronically, the resulting events have a unique signature: large missing transverse energy and the low-charged-multiplicity tau. Data collected in 1992 and 1993 at the Collider Detector at Fermilab, corresponding to 18.7+/-0.7 pb(-1), exclude new regions of combined top quark and charged Higgs boson mass, in extensions to the standard model with two Higgs doublets. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NACL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T5,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014 OI Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 735 EP 742 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.735 PN 2 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700004 ER PT J AU Jadach, S Ward, BFL AF Jadach, S Ward, BFL TI Multiple photon monte carlo simulation for polarized Moller scattering with Yennie-Fraustchi-Suura exponentiation at high energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-THEORIES; BHABHA SCATTERING; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; HARD; AMPLITUDES; PROGRAM; ANGLES; LEP AB We present the theoretical basis and sample Monte Carlo data for the YFS exponentiated O(alpha) calculation of polarized Moller scattering at c.m.s. energies large compared to 2m(e). Both longitudinal and transverse polarizations are discussed. Possible applications to Moller polarimetry at the SLD are thus illustrated. C1 CERN,DIV THEORY,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Jadach, S (reprint author), INST NUCL PHYS,UL KAWIORY 26A,KRAKOW,POLAND. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 743 EP 749 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.743 PN 2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700005 ER PT J AU Huang, Z Sarcevic, I Thews, R Wang, XN AF Huang, Z Sarcevic, I Thews, R Wang, XN TI Domain structure of a disoriented chiral condensate from a wavelet perspective SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; QCD AB We present a novel method for studying the formation of a disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) in high energy heavy-ion collisions utilizing a discrete wavelet transformation. Because of its salient feature of space-scale locality, the discrete wavelet proves to be very effective in probing physics simultaneously at different locations in phase space and at different scales. We show that the probability distributions of the neutral pion fraction for various rapidity-bin sizes have distinctive shapen the case of a DCC and exhibit a delay in approaching the Gaussian distribution required by the central limit theorem. We find the wavelet power spectrum for a DCC to exhibit a strong dependence on the scale while an equilibrium system and the standard dynamical models such as HIJING have a flat spectrum. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Huang, Z (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 24 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 750 EP 758 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.750 PN 2 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700006 ER PT J AU Coriano, C Gordon, LE AF Coriano, C Gordon, LE TI Polarized double photon production in QCD to order alpha(s) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; PROTON; SCATTERING AB We present a complete order alpha(s) analysis of the process pp-->gamma gamma+X with polarized initial states, previously studied by us with leading order structure functions. We include in our calculation new sets of parton densities evolved in NLO QCD, such as those of Gehrmann and Stirling and of Gluck et al., which incorporate the new anomalous dimensions of Mertig and Van Neerven in the evolution equation. A detailed phenomenological analysis is also given which includes the photon isolation. Our results indicate that the asymmetries, although not very large, should be substantial enough at BNL RHIC energies to be measurable in future planned experiments. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Coriano, C (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYS,INST FUNDAMENTAL THEORY,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. OI Coriano', Claudio/0000-0003-0479-8075 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 781 EP 788 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.781 PN 2 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700009 ER PT J AU Hinchliffe, I Kaeding, TA AF Hinchliffe, I Kaeding, TA TI Nonleptonic two-body decays of D mesons in broken SU(3) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NON-LEPTONIC DECAYS; CHARMED MESONS; 1/N EXPANSION; 2-BODY DECAYS; ANNIHILATION; DIAGRAM; HADRONS; MODEL; ETA' AB Decays of the D mesons to two pseudoscalars, to two vectors, and to pseudoscalar plus vector are discussed in the context of broken flavor SU(3). A few assumptions are used to reduce the number of parameters. Amplitudes are tit to the available data, and predictions of branching ratios for unmeasured modes are made. RP Hinchliffe, I (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 914 EP 928 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.914 PN 2 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700027 ER PT J AU Cheung, K Keung, WY Yuan, TC AF Cheung, K Keung, WY Yuan, TC TI Color-octet J/psi production in the Y decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID B-QUARK PRODUCTION; = 1.8 TEV; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS AB The direct production rate of psi in the Upsilon decay is shown to be dominated by the process Upsilon --> ggg* followed by g* --> psi via the color-octet mechanism proposed recently to explain the anomalous prompt charmonium production at the Fermilab Tevatron. We show that this plausibly dominant process has a branching ratio compatible with the experimental data. Further experimental study in this channel is important to test the significance of the color-octet component of the pair inside the psi system. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Cheung, K (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,CTR PARTICLE PHYS,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. RI Cheung, Kingman/A-8380-2008 OI Cheung, Kingman/0000-0003-2176-4053 NR 45 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 929 EP 937 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.929 PN 2 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700028 ER PT J AU Rosner, JL AF Rosner, JL TI Forward-backward asymmetries in hadronically produced lepton pairs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXTRA GAUGE BOSONS; NEUTRAL-CURRENT; HIGH ENERGIES; VECTOR-BOSON; E6; COLLISIONS; CONSTRAINTS; DECAYS; MODELS; MASS AB It has now become possible to observe appreciable numbers of hadronically produced lepton pairs in mass ranges where the contributions of the photon and Z(0) are comparable. Consequently, in the reaction -->l(-)l(+)+..., substantial forward-backward asymmetries can be seen. These asymmetries provide a test of the electroweak theory in a new regime of energies, and can serve as diagnostics for any new neutral vector bosons coupling both to quarks and to charged lepton pairs. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Rosner, JL (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DIV THEORET PHYS,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1078 EP 1082 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1078 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700039 ER PT J AU Wong, WK AF Wong, WK TI Renormalization scale setting for the evolution equation of nonsinglet structure functions and their moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LEADING ORDER AB We use the BLM procedure to eliminate the renormalization scale ambiguity in the evolution equation for the nonsinglet deep-inelastic structure function F-2(NS)(x,Q). The scale of the QCD coupling in the <(MS)over bar> scheme has the form Q*(x)=Q(1-x)(1/2)/xf(x), where x is the Bjorken variable and f(x) is a smoothly varying function bounded between 0.30 and 0.45. Equivalently, the evolution of the nth moment of the structure function should contain an effective Lambda(QCD) pattern, with Lambda(n) similar to n(1/2). This variation of Lambda(n) agrees with experimental data. RP Wong, WK (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1094 EP 1098 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1094 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700042 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R AF Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R TI Decay constants with Wilson fermions at beta=6.0 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL LOGARITHMS AB We present results of a high statistics study of f(pi), f(K), f(D), f(Ds), and f(V)(-1) in the quenched approximation using Wilson fermions at beta=6.0 on 32(3)x64 lattices. We find that the various sources of systematic errors (due to setting the quark masses, renormalization constant, and lattice scale) are now larger than the statistical errors. Our best estimates, without extrapolation to the continuum limit, are f(pi)=134(4) MeV, f(K)=159(3) MeV, f(D)=229(7) MeV, f(Ds)=260(4) MeV, and f(V)(-1)(m(rho))=0.33(1), where only statistical errors have been shown. We discuss the extrapolation to the continuum limit by combining our data with those from other collaborations. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, T-8, MS-B285, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013 OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1155 EP 1166 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1155 PN 2 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700049 ER PT J AU Bai, JZ Bardon, O Blum, I Breakstone, A Burnett, T Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, SM Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Cowan, RF Cui, XZ Ding, HL Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fan, XL Fang, J Fero, M Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Gu, YF Guo, YN Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA Hatanaka, M He, J He, M Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, DQ Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jia, QP Jiang, CH Jin, S Jin, Y Jones, L Kang, SH Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Lan, HB Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, F Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, XH Li, XN Lin, SZ Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JH Liu, Q Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZA Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, JG Luo, SQ Luo, Y Ma, AM Ma, EC Ma, JM Mao, HS Mao, ZP Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Meng, XC Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Palusselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Prabhakar, E Qu, ND Que, YK Quigley, J Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Shi, XR Smith, A Soderstrom, E Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Synodinos, J Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Torrence, E Wang, F Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, YY Wei, CL Whittaker, S Wilson, R Wisniewski, WJ Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, PP Xiong, WJ Xu, DZ Xu, RS Xu, ZQ Xue, ST Yamamoto, R Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, J Yang, W Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, SZ Young, K Yu, SC Yu, CX Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, LS Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, PD Zhao, WR Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhou, YH Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA Zioulas, G AF Bai, JZ Bardon, O Blum, I Breakstone, A Burnett, T Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, SM Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Cowan, RF Cui, XZ Ding, HL Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fan, XL Fang, J Fero, M Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Gu, YF Guo, YN Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA Hatanaka, M He, J He, M Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, DQ Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jia, QP Jiang, CH Jin, S Jin, Y Jones, L Kang, SH Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Lan, HB Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, F Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, XH Li, XN Lin, SZ Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JH Liu, Q Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZA Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, JG Luo, SQ Luo, Y Ma, AM Ma, EC Ma, JM Mao, HS Mao, ZP Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Meng, XC Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Palusselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Prabhakar, E Qu, ND Que, YK Quigley, J Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Shi, XR Smith, A Soderstrom, E Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Synodinos, J Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Torrence, E Wang, F Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, YY Wei, CL Whittaker, S Wilson, R Wisniewski, WJ Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, PP Xiong, WJ Xu, DZ Xu, RS Xu, ZQ Xue, ST Yamamoto, R Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, J Yang, W Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, SZ Young, K Yu, SC Yu, CX Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, LS Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, PD Zhao, WR Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhou, YH Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA Zioulas, G TI Search for a vector glueball by a scan of the J/psi resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DECAYS AB The cross section for e(+)e(-) --> rho pi has been measured by the BES detector at BEPC at center-of-mass energies covering a 40 MeV interval spanning the J/psi resonance. The data are used to search for the vector gluonium state hypothesized by Brodsky, Lepage, and Tuan as an explanation of the rho pi puzzle in charmonium physics. The shape of the rho pi cross section is compatible with that of the total hadronic cross section. No distortions indicating the presence of a vector glueball are seen. C1 BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA,HEFEI 230026,PEOPLES R CHINA. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SHANDONG UNIV,JINAN 250100,PEOPLES R CHINA. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV TEXAS,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. RP Bai, JZ (reprint author), INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,BEIJING 100039,PEOPLES R CHINA. RI Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; OI Li, Xiaonan/0000-0003-2857-0219; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103 NR 10 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1221 EP 1224 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1221 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV187 UT WOS:A1996UV18700059 ER PT J AU Bender, CM Cooper, F Meisinger, PN AF Bender, CM Cooper, F Meisinger, PN TI Spherically symmetric random walks .1. Representation in terms of orthogonal polynomials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONINTEGER DIMENSION; ISING-MODELS; FIELD-THEORY AB It is shown that, in general, a connection exists between orthogonal polynomials and semibounded random walks. This connection allows one to view a random walk as taking place on the set of integers that index the orthogonal polynomials. An illustration is provided by the case of spherically symmetric random walks. The correspondence between orthogonal polynomials and random walks enables one to express random-walk probabilities as weighted inner products of the polynomials. This correspondence is exploited to construct and analyze spherically symmetric random walks in D-dimensional space, where D is not restricted to be an integer. Such random walks can be described in terms of Gegenbauer (ultraspherical) polynomials. For example, Legendre polynomials can be used to represent !he special case of two-dimensional spherically sym metric random walks. The weighted inner-product representation is used to calculate exact closed-form spatial and temporal moments of the probability distribution associated with the random walk. The polynomial representation of spherically symmetric random walks is then used to calculate the two-point Green's function for a rotationally symmetric free scalar quantum field theory. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Bender, CM (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 100 EP 111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.100 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400022 ER PT J AU Bender, CM Boettcher, S Meisinger, PN AF Bender, CM Boettcher, S Meisinger, PN TI Spherically symmetric random walks .2. Dimensionally dependent critical behavior SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONINTEGER DIMENSION; DIFFUSION AB A recently developed model of random walks on a D-dimensional hyperspherical lattice, where D is not restricted to integer values, is extended to include the possibility of creating and annihilating random walkers. Steady-state distributions of random walkers are obtained for all dimensions D>0 by solving a discrete eigenvalue problem. These distributions exhibit dimensionally dependent critical behavior as a function of the birth rate. This remarkably simple model exhibits a second-order phase transition with a universal, nontrivial critical exponent for all dimensions D>0. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Bender, CM (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 112 EP 126 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.112 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400023 ER PT J AU Bender, CM Boettcher, S Meisinger, PN AF Bender, CM Boettcher, S Meisinger, PN TI Spherically symmetric random walks .3. Polymer adsorption at a hyperspherical boundary SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONINTEGER DIMENSION AB A recently developed model of random walks on a D-dimensional hyperspherical lattice, where D is not restricted to integer values, is used to study polymer growth near a U-dimensional attractive hyperspherical boundary. The model determines the fraction P(kappa) of the polymer adsorbed on this boundary as a function of the attractive potential kappa for all values of D. The adsorption fraction P(kappa) exhibits a second-order phase transition with a universal, nontrivial scaling coefficient for 04. At D=4 there is a tricritical point with logarithmic scaling. This model reproduces earlier results for D=1 and 2, where P(kappa) scales linearly and exponentially, respectively. A crossover transition that depends on the radius of the adsorbing boundary is found. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Bender, CM (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.127 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400024 ER PT J AU Holm, DD Kovacic, G Wettergren, TA AF Holm, DD Kovacic, G Wettergren, TA TI Homoclinic orbits in the Maxwell-Bloch equations with a probe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LORENZ EQUATIONS; LASER DYNAMICS; CHAOTIC LASER; PERIODIC-SOLUTIONS; HIGH-R; SYSTEM; MODEL; INSTABILITIES; OPTICS; REGIME AB The dynamics of an ensemble of two-level atoms in a single-mode resonant laser cavity with external pumping and a weak coherent probe is investigated. The system is represented as a perturbation to an integrable system, the Jaynes-Cummings model, in which there are no losses. Using an analytical perturbation technique, the Melnikov method, we show the presence of special homoclinic orbits, which persist under small perturbation from the homoclinic structure present in the integrable case on codimension-one surfaces in the parameter space. Two cases are considered: one in which we consider the equations with small relaxation parameters and no probe and the second in which we consider the small relaxation parameters and the effects of the probe. The persistence of homoclinic orbits for larger parameters is demonstrated through numerical continuation using the software package AUTO. The breakup of these homoclinic orbits is believed to be a source of chaos in the laser system. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT MATH SCI,TROY,NY 12180. RP Holm, DD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 243 EP 256 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.243 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400036 ER PT J AU Sullivan, TS Liu, YM Ecke, RE AF Sullivan, TS Liu, YM Ecke, RE TI Turbulent solutal convection and surface patterning in solid dissolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MASS-TRANSFER; BINARY ALLOY; THERMAL TURBULENCE; BENARD CONVECTION; HELIUM-GAS; SOLIDIFICATION; FLOW; TRANSITIONS; GROWTH; MODEL AB We describe experiments in which crystals of NaCl, KBr, and KCl are dissolved from below by aqueous solutions containing concentrations of the respective salts from zero concentration to near saturation. The solution near the solid-liquid interface is gravitationally unstable, producing turbulent hydrodynamic motion similar to thermal convection from a single surface cooled from above. The coupling of the fluid flow with the solid dissolution produces irregular patterns at the solid-liquid interface with a distribution of horizontal length scales. The dissolution mass flux and the pattern length scales are compared with a turbulent boundary layer model. Remarkable agreement is found, showing that the fluid motion controls both the dissolution rate and the interface patterning. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MST DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Sullivan, TS (reprint author), KENYON COLL,DEPT PHYS,GAMBIER,OH 43022, USA. OI Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 486 EP 495 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.486 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400062 ER PT J AU Gaitan, DF Atchley, AA Lewia, SD Carlson, JT Maruyama, XK Moran, M Sweider, D AF Gaitan, DF Atchley, AA Lewia, SD Carlson, JT Maruyama, XK Moran, M Sweider, D TI Spectra of single-bubble sonoluminescence in water and glycerin-water mixtures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SYNCHRONOUS PICOSECOND SONOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION AB A single gas bubble, acoustically levitated in a standing-wave field and oscillating under the action of that field, can emit pulses of blue-white light with duration less than 50 ps. Measurements of the spectrum of this picosecond sonoluminescence with a scanning monochrometer are reported for air bubbles levitated in water and in glycerin-water mixtures. While the spectrum has been reported previously by others for air bubbles in water, the spectrum for air bubbles in water-glycerin mixtures has not. Expected emission lines from glycerin were conspicuously absent, suggesting a different mechanism for light production in single-bubble sonoluminescence. Other conclusions are the spectrum for air bubbles in water is consistent with that previously reported, the radiated energy decreases as the glycerin concentration increases, and the peak of the spectrum appears to shift to longer wavelengths for the water-glycerin mixtures. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Gaitan, DF (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI GAITAN, DARIO/N-2727-2016 OI GAITAN, DARIO/0000-0002-2139-8535 NR 12 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.525 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400066 ER PT J AU Carlsten, BE AF Carlsten, BE TI Calculation of the noninertial space-charge force and the coherent synchrotron radiation force for short electron bunches in circular motion using the retarded Green's function technique SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB The space-charge forces for short electron bunches in circular motion can be very different from the space-charge forces fur hort electron bunches undergoing straight-line motion. The two major effects introduced by the circular motion are an off-axis, so-called ''noninertial space-charge'' effect, in which there is essentially no net energy loss oi the bunch, and a coherent synchrotron radiation effect, in which the bunch radiates coherent. energy. The consequence of these effects is a potentially large growth in the electron bunch's transverse emittance. We derive an expression for these forces from a Green's function approach, starting with the definitions of the retarded scalar and vector potentials. in particular, we find an expression for the total electric field along the direction of motion from a short line of charge in circular motion. These expressions in turn can be used in numerical particle simulations to estimate the amount of emittance growth, including the effects of suppressing the coherent synchrotron radiation by reducing the beam pipe dimensions. RP Carlsten, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 838 EP 845 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.838 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400101 ER PT J AU Parker, GJ Hitchon, WNG Keiter, ER AF Parker, GJ Hitchon, WNG Keiter, ER TI Transport of ions during ion implantation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID EQUATION; TARGETS AB An efficient scheme for the description of long-mean-free path particle transport at a kinetic level has been extended to a case where particle distributions are highly anisotropic: implantation of ions into a solid. The method calculates the scattering rate of particles throughout a region and obtains the particle distribution from the scattering rate. The scattering rate is found by using a numerical form of a propagator to solve an integral equation. The propagator is the probability that a particle that scattered in a cell has its next scatter in any other cell of the mesh. The main focus of this work is the way this propagator can be computed efficiently and accurately for an arbitrary angular distribution of scattered particles as compared to other computer models. The method is illustrated in application to implantation of dopants into silicon. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MAT SCI PROGRAM,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,ENGN RES CTR PLASMA AIDED MFG,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Parker, GJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,7000 E AVE,L-418,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 938 EP 945 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.938 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400112 ER PT J AU MolinasMata, P Munoz, MA Martinez, DO Barabasi, AL AF MolinasMata, P Munoz, MA Martinez, DO Barabasi, AL TI Ballistic random walker SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INITIALLY SEPARATED REACTANTS; KINETIC CRITICAL PHENOMENON; 2-SPECIES ANNIHILATION; DISORDERED MEDIA; REACTION FRONT; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; MODEL; BEHAVIOR AB We introduce and investigate the scaling properties of a random walker that moves ballistically on a two-dimensional square lattice. The walker is scattered (changes direction randomly) every time it reaches a previously unvisited site, and follows ballistic trajectories between two scattering events. The asymptotic properties of the density of unvisited sites and the diffusion exponent can be calculated using a mean-field theory. The obtained predictions are in good agreement with the results of extensive numerical simulations. In particular, we show that this random walk is subdiffusive. C1 IBM CORP, THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR, YORKTOWN HTS, NY 10598 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV NOTRE DAME, DEPT PHYS, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA. RI Munoz, Miguel A/J-9627-2012; MUNOZ, MIGUEL/M-4099-2015 OI Munoz, Miguel A/0000-0002-0529-6221; MUNOZ, MIGUEL/0000-0003-0152-9080 NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 968 EP 971 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.968 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400119 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Djouadi, A Spira, M AF Dawson, S Djouadi, A Spira, M TI QCD corrections to supersymmetric Higgs boson production: The role of squark loops SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTON COLLIDERS; SUPERGRAVITY; COLLISIONS AB We calculate the two-loop QCD corrections to the production of the neutral supersymmetric Higgs bosons via the gluon fusion mechanism at hadron colliders, including the contributions of squark loops. To a good approximation, these additional contributions lead to the same QCD corrections as in the case where only t and b quark loops are taken into account. The inclusion of both squark loops and QCD corrections increase the Higgs production cross sections significantly over the lowest order rates. C1 UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST THEORET PHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. CERN,DIV TH,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 28 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 16 EP 19 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.16 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500005 ER PT J AU Ginocchio, JN AF Ginocchio, JN TI New type of collective motion for N similar to Z nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We study a new type of collective motion with alpha-particle type of correlations and show that it may be relevant for N similar to Z nuclei. RP Ginocchio, JN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-5,MS B283,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 28 EP 31 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.28 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500008 ER PT J AU TerAkopian, GM Hamilton, JH Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Kormicki, J Ramayya, AV Popeko, GS Babu, BRS Lu, QH ButlerMoore, K Ma, WC Cwiok, S Nazarewicz, W Deng, JK Shi, D Kliman, J Morhac, M Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Johnson, NR Lee, IY McGowan, FK Saladin, JX AF TerAkopian, GM Hamilton, JH Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Kormicki, J Ramayya, AV Popeko, GS Babu, BRS Lu, QH ButlerMoore, K Ma, WC Cwiok, S Nazarewicz, W Deng, JK Shi, D Kliman, J Morhac, M Cole, JD Aryaeinejad, R Johnson, NR Lee, IY McGowan, FK Saladin, JX TI New spontaneous fission mode for Cf-252: Indication of hyperdeformed Ba-144,Ba-145,Ba-146 at scission SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVIEST ELEMENTS AB From gamma-ray coincidence studies following spontaneous fission of Cf-252, direct measurements of yields and neutron multiplicities were made for Sr-Nd, Zr-Ce, Mo-Ba, Ru-Xe, and Pd-Te correlated pairs. A strong enhancement of the 7-10 neutron channels for Mo-Ba pairs is observed. A new fission mode associated with the enhanced neutron yields is identified. These data can be interpreted in terms of one or more of Ba-144,Ba-145,Ba-146 being hyperdeformed at scission. Mean field calculations predict a hyperdeformed third minimum in Cf-252 and an extremely deformed Ba-146 fragment at scission. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. WARSAW UNIV TECHNOL,INST PHYS,PL-00662 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. SLOVAK ACAD SCI,INST PHYS,BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. UNISOR,ORISE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37832. RP TerAkopian, GM (reprint author), JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. NR 14 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 32 EP 35 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.32 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500009 ER PT J AU Cheng, HS Wang, LS AF Cheng, HS Wang, LS TI Dimer growth, structural transition, and antiferromagnetic ordering of small chromium clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNETISM; ENERGIES; CR-2 AB The evolution of structural and magnetic properties of small chromium clusters towards the bulk is elucidated through a systematic density functional study. A tightly bound Cr-2 dimer is found to play a key role in determining the cluster structures. A unique dimer growth route is discovered for clusters up to Cr-11, at which a structural transition occurs from the dimer growth to a bulklike body-centered-cubic structure. All the clusters exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering with size-dependent magnetic moments. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RICHLAND,WA 99352. PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RP Cheng, HS (reprint author), AIR PROD & CHEM INC,7201 HAMILTON BLVD,ALLENTOWN,PA 18195, USA. NR 21 TC 113 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.51 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500014 ER PT J AU Baker, KL Drake, RP Bauer, BS Estabrook, KG Rubenchik, AM Labaune, C Baldis, HA Renard, N Baton, SD Schifano, E Michard, A Seka, W Bahr, RE AF Baker, KL Drake, RP Bauer, BS Estabrook, KG Rubenchik, AM Labaune, C Baldis, HA Renard, N Baton, SD Schifano, E Michard, A Seka, W Bahr, RE TI Thomson scattering measurements of the Langmuir wave spectra resulting from stimulated Raman scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; INSTABILITY; SATURATION; MODEL AB Thomson scattering was used to measure the Langmuir wave spectrum generated by stimulated Raman scattering. This experiment detected Langmuir waves with components both parallel and antiparallel to the incident laser's wave vector <(k)over right arrow (0)>. The parallel component was attributed to stimulated Raman scattering. However, the Langmuir waves moving antiparallel to <(k)over right arrow (0)>, which cannot be explained by stimulated Raman scattering, were attributed to the Langmuir decay instability. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. ECOLE POLYTECH,LAB UTILIZAT LASERS INTENSES,PALAISEAU,FRANCE. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP Baker, KL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,PLASMA PHYS RES INST,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 26 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.67 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500018 ER PT J AU Dimits, AM Williams, TJ Byers, JA Cohen, BI AF Dimits, AM Williams, TJ Byers, JA Cohen, BI TI Scalings of ion-temperature-gradient-driven anomalous transport in tokamaks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUID SIMULATIONS; MODES; TURBULENCE; PLASMA AB Results are presented from the first systematic nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation study of the scalings and parameter dependences of toroidal ion-temperature-gradient-driven (ITG) turbulence and transport in large magnetic-fusion-relevant tokamaks. Such simulations are made possible by significant advances in computational physics algorithms which are summarized. The simulated ion-thermal transport rates have clear ''gyroreduced Bohm'' scaling and are too low to account for the anomalous transport seen in the outer half of some TFTR L-mode discharges, indicating that additional mechanisms, such as nonadiabatic-electron effects, are operative. RP Dimits, AM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 21 TC 167 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 71 EP 74 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.71 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500019 ER PT J AU Drake, RP Watt, RG Estabrook, K AF Drake, RP Watt, RG Estabrook, K TI Onset and saturation of the spectral intensity of stimulated brillouin scattering in inhomogeneous laser-produced plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; INSTABILITY; FILAMENTATION; MEDIA; DECAY AB Measurements are reported of the spectral intensity of emissions attributed to stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of 0.53 mu m laser light from an inhomogeneous CH plasma, at densities of interest to laser fusion or x-ray lasers. The onset of SBS confirms recent theory, and no dependence of the saturated spectral reflectivity on density or pump strength is seen. The total reflectivity, which reaches 15%, increases with the spectral width of the SBS. These quantitative data can test theory and simulations of saturation and also have implications for the National Ignition Facility. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,X DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Drake, RP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PLASMA PHYS RES INST,L-418,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.79 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500021 ER PT J AU Paczuski, M Boettcher, S AF Paczuski, M Boettcher, S TI Universality in sandpiles, interface depinning, and earthquake models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY AB Recent numerical results for a model describing dispersive transport in ricepiles are explained by mapping the model to the depinning transition of an elastic interface that is dragged at one end through a random medium. The average velocity of transport vanishes with system size L as [nu] similar to L(2-D) similar to L(-0.23), and the avalanche size distribution exponent tau = 2 - 1/D similar or equal to 1.55, where D similar or equal to 2.23 from interface depinning. We conjecture that the purely deterministic Burridge-Knopoff ''train'' model for earthquakes is in the same universality class. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NORMAN,OK 73019. RP Paczuski, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 21 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 111 EP 114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.111 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500029 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB Zunger, A AF Zhang, SB Zunger, A TI Structure of the As vacancies on GaAs(110) surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GAAS; ENERGIES; DENSITY AB We report a comprehensive study of the As vacancies (V-AS) in the GaAs(110) surface via ab initio total energy minimization. Previous scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of the V-AS in p-type GaAs(110) were interpreted with a structure with outward movement of the Ga next to the vacancy. While our simulation of the STM images, using ab initio wave functions, agrees with experiment, our total energy minimization suggests, however, inward movement of Ga. We explain this apparent conflict as a charge induced band bending effect. As a consequence, we predicted that the STM images will depend on the applied bias voltage. We show that the atomic geometry of the surface V-AS(q) depends critically on the charge state q in sharp contrast with bulk vacancy. RP Zhang, SB (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 22 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.119 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500031 ER PT J AU Salkola, MI Emery, VJ Kivelson, SA AF Salkola, MI Emery, VJ Kivelson, SA TI Implications of charge ordering for single-particle properties of high-T-c superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; MAGNETISM AB The consequences of disordered charge stripes and antiphase spin domains for the properties of the high-temperature superconductors are studied. We give a semiphenomenological description of angle-resolved photoemission experiments and optical conductivity, and show that the many unusual features of the experimentally observed spectra can be understood naturally in this way. This interpretation of the data, when combined with evidence from neutron scattering, suggests that disordered and fluctuating stripe phases are a common feature of high-temperature superconductors. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, INST THEORET PHYS, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP MCMASTER UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, HAMILTON, ON L8S 4M1, CANADA. NR 25 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.155 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500040 ER PT J AU Cho, BK Canfield, PC Johnston, DC AF Cho, BK Canfield, PC Johnston, DC TI Breakdown of deGennes scaling in (R(1-x)R'(x))Ni2B2C compounds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The superconducting transition temperatures (T-c) and Neel temperatures (T-N) have been determined for thirty (R(1-x)R(x)')Ni2B2C Single crystals. For T-c > T-N, deviations from de Gennes scaling occur that are probably due to crystalline electric field effects. For T-c < T-N there is a complete breakdown of de Gennes scaling. In (D(1-x)R(x)')Ni2B2C, R' = Lu suppresses T-c an order of magnitude more rapidly than R' = Ho. This breakdown is inferred to arise from pair breaking by collective magnetic excitations. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 19 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.163 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500042 ER PT J AU Smirnov, GV vanBurck, U Arthur, J Popov, SL Baron, AQR Chumakov, AI Ruby, SL Potzel, W Brown, GS AF Smirnov, GV vanBurck, U Arthur, J Popov, SL Baron, AQR Chumakov, AI Ruby, SL Potzel, W Brown, GS TI Nuclear exciton echo produced by ultrasound in forward scattering of synchrotron radiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-ECHO; CHANNEL AB The time evolution of the coherent decay of a collective nuclear excitation (nuclear exciton), induced by 14.4 keV synchrotron radiation, was studied in a system of two stainless steel foils, where one was vibrated by ultrasound (US). The US vibrations disrupted the coherent nuclear emission from the two targets. However, at times corresponding to multiples of;the US period, spike increases in the decay were observed. The spikes are interpreted as echoes of the initial nuclear exciton. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS E15,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIAT FACIL,F-38043 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,DEPT PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP Smirnov, GV (reprint author), IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,RUSSIAN RES CTR,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 183 EP 186 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.183 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500047 ER PT J AU Haim, D Li, G Ouyang, Q McCormick, WD Swinney, HL Hagberg, A Meron, E AF Haim, D Li, G Ouyang, Q McCormick, WD Swinney, HL Hagberg, A Meron, E TI Breathing spots in a reaction-diffusion system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A quasi-2-dimensional stationary spot in a disk-shaped chemical reactor is observed to bifurcate to an oscillating spot when a control parameter is increased beyond a critical value. Further increase of the control parameter leads to the collapse and disappearance of the spot. Analysis of a bistable activator-inhibitor model indicates that the observed behavior is;a consequence of interaction of the front with the boundary near a parity breaking front bifurcation. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT PHYS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,JACOB BLAUSTEIN INST DESERT RES,IL-84990 SEDE BOQER,ISRAEL. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT PHYS,IL-84990 SEDE BOQER,ISRAEL. RP Haim, D (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,CTR NONLINEAR DYNAM,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. RI MERON, EHUD/F-1810-2012 NR 15 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 190 EP 193 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.190 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500049 ER PT J AU Laflamme, R Miquel, C Paz, JP Zurek, WH AF Laflamme, R Miquel, C Paz, JP Zurek, WH TI Perfect quantum error correcting code SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present a quantum error correction code which protects a qubit of information against general one qubit errors. To accomplish this, we encode the original state by distributing quantum information over five qubits, the minimal number required for this task. We describe a circuit which takes the initial state with four extra qubits in the state \10> to the encoded state. It can also be converted into a decoder by running it backward. The original state of the encoded qubit can then be restored by a simple unitary transformation. C1 FCE&N, DEPT FIS, RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES, DF, ARGENTINA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, T-6, MS B288, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 18 TC 462 Z9 469 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.198 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500051 ER PT J AU Walker, B Kaluza, M Sheehy, B DiMauro, LF Agostini, P Trahin, M AF Walker, B Kaluza, M Sheehy, B DiMauro, LF Agostini, P Trahin, M TI Observation of continuum-continuum Autler-Townes splitting - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 CENS,SERV PHOTONS ATOMES & MOL,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP Walker, B (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Walker, Barry/F-8532-2011 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 203 EP 203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.203 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU475 UT WOS:A1996UU47500053 ER PT J AU Maier, RS Bernard, RS Grunau, DW AF Maier, RS Bernard, RS Grunau, DW TI Boundary conditions for the lattice Boltzmann method SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION; SIMULATIONS; FLOWS AB When the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is used for simulating continuum fluid flow, the discrete mass distribution must satisfy imposed constraints for density and momentum along the boundaries of the lattice. These constraints uniquely determine the three-dimensional (3-D) mass distribution for boundary nodes only when the number of external (inward-pointing) lattice links does not exceed four. We propose supplementary rules for computing the boundary distribution where the number of external links does exceed four, which is the case for all except simple rectangular lattices. Results obtained with 3-D body-centered-cubic lattices are presented for Poiseuille flow, porous-plate Couette flow, pipe flow, and rectangular duct flow. The accuracy of the two-dimensional (2-D) Poiseuille and Couette flaws persists even when the mean free path between collisions is large, but that of the 3-D duct flow deteriorates markedly when the mean free path exceeds the lattice spacing. Accuracy in general decreases with Knudsen number and Mach number, and the product of these two quantities is a useful index for the applicability of LBM to 3-D low-Reynolds-number flow. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. THINKING MACHINES CORP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP Maier, RS (reprint author), MINNESOTA SUPERCOMP CTR INC,1100 WASHINGTON AVE S,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415, USA. NR 23 TC 161 Z9 170 U1 4 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1788 EP 1801 DI 10.1063/1.868961 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA UU385 UT WOS:A1996UU38500013 ER PT J AU Mitchell, TB Driscoll, CF AF Mitchell, TB Driscoll, CF TI Electron vortex orbits and merger SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; 2 DIMENSIONS; VORTICES; PLASMA; FLOW; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS AB Pure electron plasma columns are contained inside hollow conducting cylinders in an axial magnetic field. In the 2D ExB drift approximation, an electron column is a vortex evolving in (r, theta) according to the Euler equation. First the center-of-mass orbits of two vortices sufficiently well-separated to be stable to merger are characterized. Equilibria are observed in which the vortices orbit about the center of the cylinder, with either oscillations about stable equilibria or exponential divergence away from unstable equilibria. The equilibrium positions, oscillation frequencies, and instability rates for these spatially extended vortices agree well with the predictions of point vortex theory, apparently because surface waves and shape distortions do not couple significantly to the center-of-mass motion. Next, the merger of two vortices with unequal radii is quantified. Merger is accompanied by the formation of filamentary arms, and results ultimately in an axisymmetric central core surrounded by a lower density halo. The self-energy of the merged core is found to be roughly the sum of the self-energy of the merging vortices. The fraction of the total circulation entrained into the core varies from 70% to 90% as the ratio of the initial vortex radii is varied from 1:1 to 2:1. The point-like vortex dynamics and the circulation loss with merger are both consistent with the ''punctuated Hamiltonian'' models of decaying turbulence. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS 0319,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Mitchell, TB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 45 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1828 EP 1841 DI 10.1063/1.868965 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA UU385 UT WOS:A1996UU38500017 ER PT J AU Kozusko, F Grosch, CE Jackson, TL Kennedy, CA Gatski, TB AF Kozusko, F Grosch, CE Jackson, TL Kennedy, CA Gatski, TB TI The structure of variable property, compressible mixing layers in binary gas mixtures SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FREE SHEAR LAYERS; DENSITY AB We present the results of a study of the structure of a parallel compressible mixing layer in a binary mixture of gases. The gases included in this study are hydrogen (H-2), helium (He), nitrogen (N-2), oxygen (O-2), neon (Ne) and argon (Ar). Profiles of the variation of the Lewis and Prandtl numbers across the mixing layer for all 30 combinations of gases are given. It is shown that the Lewis number can vary by as much as a factor of 8 and the Prandtl number by a factor of 2 across the mixing layer. Thus assuming constant values for the Lewis and Prandtl numbers of a binary gas mixture in the shear layer, as is done in many theoretical studies, is a poor approximation. We also present profiles of the velocity, mass fraction, temperature and density for representative binary gas mixtures at zero and supersonic Mach numbers. We show that the shape of these profiles is strongly dependent on which gases are in the mixture as well as on whether the denser gas is in the fast stream or the slow stream. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT MATH & STAT,NORFOLK,VA 23529. OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG & COMP SCI,NORFOLK,VA 23529. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,INST COMP APPL SCI & ENGN,HAMPTON,VA 23681. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,AERODYNAM & ACOUST METHODS BRANCH,HAMPTON,VA 23681. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1945 EP 1953 DI 10.1063/1.869103 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA UU385 UT WOS:A1996UU38500027 ER PT J AU Davidson, RC Chao, EH AF Davidson, RC Chao, EH TI Nonlinear expansion and heating of a nonneutral electron plasma due to elastic collisions with background neutral gas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-EQUILIBRIUM; TRANSPORT AB This paper investigates theoretically the heating and nonlinear expansion of a nonneutral electron plasma due to elastic collisions with constant collision frequency nu(en) between the plasma electrons and a background neutral gas. The model treats the electrons as a strongly magnetized fluid (omega(pe)(2)/omega(ce)(2) much less than 1) immersed in a uniform magnetic field 3.0.CO;2-5 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA VU617 UT WOS:A1996VU61700010 ER PT J AU Paulsen, MD Ornstein, RL AF Paulsen, MD Ornstein, RL TI Binding free energy calculations for P450cam-substrate complexes SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE binding free energies; cytochrome P450; linear response approximation; molecular dynamics simulations ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; SPIN EQUILIBRIUM; HYDROXYLATION; HYDRATION; SOLVATION; P-450CAM AB A recently proposed semi-empirical method for calculating binding free energies was used to examine the binding of a variety of substrates to cytochrome P450cam, For a set of 11 different potential substrates of cytochrome P450cam, both the absolute and relative binding free energies were generally well reproduced. The mean error in the calculated absolute binding free energy for all 11 compounds is 0.55 kcal/mol. Forty-eight out of 55 calculated relative binding free energies have the correct sign and the mean unsigned error between calculated and experimental relative binding free energies is 0.77 kcal/mol, For one substrate, thiocamphor, the effect of substrate orientation on the calculated binding free energy was examined, The ability of this method to predict the effect of active site mutations was also examined in two cases. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0269-2139 J9 PROTEIN ENG JI Protein Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 7 BP 567 EP 571 DI 10.1093/protein/9.7.567 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UZ655 UT WOS:A1996UZ65500003 PM 8844828 ER PT J AU LaPorte, TR Metlay, DS AF LaPorte, TR Metlay, DS TI Hazards and institutional trustworthiness: Facing a deficit of trust SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Resource, Risk and Responsibility CY DEC 04, 1994 CL SONOMA, CA ID PERCEIVED RISK; WASTE AB How should public organizations respond to the current ''crisis of trust?'' Outlining a conception of institutional trustworthiness, this article explores the conditions that increase the difficulty of achieving it, suggests a basis for designing organizational relationships that recover it, and broaches the problem of assuring institutional constancy as a critical requirement. Institutional constancy will be considered in greater depth in a forthcoming issue. C1 US DOE,TASK FORCE RADIOACT WASTE MANAGEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP LaPorte, TR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PUBLIC ADMIN PI WASHINGTON PA 1120 G STREET WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3352 J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV JI Public Adm. Rev. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 56 IS 4 BP 341 EP 347 PG 7 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA UW594 UT WOS:A1996UW59400005 ER PT J AU White, DL AF White, DL TI Offer a quality award in honor of Reimann SO QUALITY PROGRESS LA English DT Letter RP White, DL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0033-524X J9 QUAL PROG JI Qual. Prog. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 7 BP 6 EP & PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA UV816 UT WOS:A1996UV81600004 ER PT J AU Kolano, F AF Kolano, F TI Celebrating quality the cheap way SO QUALITY PROGRESS LA English DT Editorial Material RP Kolano, F (reprint author), US DOE,GRAND JUNCT PROJECTS OFF,GRAND JCT,CO, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0033-524X J9 QUAL PROG JI Qual. Prog. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 7 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA UV816 UT WOS:A1996UV81600048 ER PT J AU Cooper, WJ Dougal, RA Nickelsen, MG Waite, TD Kurucz, CN Lin, KJ Bibler, JP AF Cooper, WJ Dougal, RA Nickelsen, MG Waite, TD Kurucz, CN Lin, KJ Bibler, JP TI Benzene destruction in aqueous waste .1. Bench-scale gamma irradiation experiments SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RATE CONSTANTS AB Destruction of the benzene component of a simulated low-level mixed aqueous waste stream by high energy irradiation was explored. This work was motivated by the fact that mixed waste, containing both radionuclides and regulated (non-radioactive) chemicals, is more difficult and more expensive to dispose of than only radioactive waste. After the benzene is destroyed, the waste can then be listed only as radiological waste instead of mixed waste, simplifying its disposal. This study quantifies the removal of benzene, and the formation and destruction of reaction products in a relatively complex waste stream matrix consisting of NO3-, SO42-, PO43-, Fe2+ and detergent at a pH of 3. All of the experiments were conducted at a bench scale using a Co-60 gamma source. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. UNIV MIAMI,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808. RP Cooper, WJ (reprint author), FLORIDA INT UNIV,DRINKING WATER RES CTR,MIAMI,FL 33199, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 48 IS 1 BP 81 EP 87 DI 10.1016/0969-806X(95)00441-Y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV497 UT WOS:A1996UV49700012 ER PT J AU Miller, RC Richards, M Brenner, DJ Hall, EJ Jostes, R Hui, TE Brooks, AL AF Miller, RC Richards, M Brenner, DJ Hall, EJ Jostes, R Hui, TE Brooks, AL TI The biological effectiveness of radon-progeny alpha particles .5. Comparison of oncogenic transformation by accelerator-produced monoenergetic alpha particles and by polyenergetic alpha particles from radon progeny SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CELLS; RADIOBIOLOGY; EXPOSURE AB Generation of estimates of risk caused by exposure to radon in the home, either from miner data or from A-bomb data, requires several scaling factors such, as for dose, dose rate and radiation quality, and possible synergisms. Such scaling factors are best developed from laboratory-based studies. Two possible sources of alpha particles for such studies are (1) a polyenergetic spectrum, generated directly by radon and its progeny, or (2) a series of monoenergetic alpha particles. We compare here the results of oncogenic transformation from studies using both systems. At the Columbia University Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF), C3H 10T1/2 cells were irradiated with alpha particles of various energies, with defined LETs from 70 to 200 keV/mu m. At Pacific Northwest Laboratory, cells from the same stock were exposed to alpha particles from radon gas and its progeny, which were in equilibrium with the culture medium. There was good agreement between the results of oncogenic transformation experiments using the two different exposure systems. Apart from the experimental transformation frequencies themselves, such a comparison requires (1) reliable dosimetry at both facilities and (2) estimated LET distributions for the polyenergetic alpha-particle irradiator. Thus this good agreement gives some confirmation to the technique which is used to fold together oncogenic transformation rates from monoenergetic a particles to yield a predicted rate for a spectrum of alpha particles. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Miller, RC (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV, CTR RADIOL RES, 630 W 168TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10032 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-49062]; NIOSH CDC HHS [OH-02931] NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 146 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.2307/3579398 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UV096 UT WOS:A1996UV09600008 PM 8677301 ER PT J AU Atwood, CL AF Atwood, CL TI Constrained noninformative priors in risk assessment SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article AB A constrained noninformative prior distribution, a generalization of the Jeffreys noninformative prior, is defined for a single unknown parameter as the distribution corresponding to the maximum entropy distribution, subject to the assumed constraint(s), in the transformed model where the unknown parameter is approximately a location parameter. This note illustrates this idea with binomial and Poisson data models, and gives an example from risk assessment showing the practical usefulness of the constrained noninformative prior. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 53 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/0951-8320(96)00026-9 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA VB831 UT WOS:A1996VB83100005 ER PT J AU Sasser, LB Cushing, JA Dacre, JC AF Sasser, LB Cushing, JA Dacre, JC TI Two-generation reproduction study of sulfur mustard in rats SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; reproduction; multigeneration; rats ID GAS WORKERS; POISON AB Comprehensive data are not available to evaluate the potential risk to reproduction from exposure to sulfur mustard (HD), [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide]; thus, the reproductive effects of HD were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats, Groups, of rats (27 females and 20 males/group/generation) were gavaged with 0, 0.03, 0.1, or 0.4 mg/kg HD 5 d/week for 13 weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation, parturition, and lactation in a 42-week, 2-generation study, Growth of adult F-1 rats of both sexes was reduced by the 0.4 mg/kg exposure, There were no significant effects on reproductive function or pregnancy outcome in either generation, except for an altered sex ratio in the 0.4 mg/kg group, Although not different at birth, growth of the 0.4 mg/kg F-1 and F-2 offspring was depressed during lactation. A dose-related lesion of the squamous epithelium of the forestomach was observed in adults of both sexes and both the F-1 and F-2 generation, For a given treatment, the incidence was approximately the same for each sex at each generation, When animals were pooled by sex and generation, approximately 70% (66 out of 94) of the low dose group had only mild microscopic lesions, 72% (68 out of 94) of the intermediate dose group had moderate lesions, and 81% (76 out of 94) of the high group had marked lesions. The lesion, acanthosis, was characterized by thickening of the squamous musoca with varying degrees of hyperkeratosis, Benign neoplasms of the forestomach were found in about 10% of the intermediate and high dose groups in both F-0 and F-1 generations, Based on these results, the No-Observable-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) is 0.1 mg/kg/d. C1 USA, BIOMED RES & DEV LAB, FT DETRICK, MD USA. RP Sasser, LB (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, HLTH DIV, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 311 EP 319 DI 10.1016/0890-6238(96)00060-3 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA UZ617 UT WOS:A1996UZ61700008 PM 8829254 ER PT J AU Spear, JD Russo, RE AF Spear, JD Russo, RE TI Low noise position sensitive detector for optical probe beam deflection measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB We report the design of an optical position sensor that uses two discrete photodiodes electrically connected in parallel, with opposing polarities. A lens provides optical gain and restricts the acceptance angle of the detector. The response of the device to displacements of an optical spot is similar to that of a conventional bicell type position sensitive detector. However, the discrete photodiode design enables simpler electronic amplification with inherently less electrical noise than the bicell. Measurements by the sensor of the pointing noise of a focused helium-neon laser as a function of frequency demonstrate high sensitivity and suitability for optical probe beam deflection experiments. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT FORENS SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Spear, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,M-S 70-193A,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 67 IS 7 BP 2481 EP 2484 DI 10.1063/1.1147201 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA UW834 UT WOS:A1996UW83400009 ER PT J AU Barnett, RM Carone, CD Groom, DE Trippe, TG Wohl, CG Armstrong, B Gee, PS Wagman, GS James, F Mangano, M Monig, K Montanet, L Feng, JL Murayama, H Hernandez, JJ Manohar, A AguilarBenitez, M Caso, C Crawford, RL Roos, M Tornqvist, NA Hayes, KG Hagiwara, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Olive, K Honscheid, K Burchat, PR Shrock, RE Eidelman, S Schindler, RH Gurtu, A HIkasa, K Conforto, G Workman, RL Grab, C Amsler, C AF Barnett, RM Carone, CD Groom, DE Trippe, TG Wohl, CG Armstrong, B Gee, PS Wagman, GS James, F Mangano, M Monig, K Montanet, L Feng, JL Murayama, H Hernandez, JJ Manohar, A AguilarBenitez, M Caso, C Crawford, RL Roos, M Tornqvist, NA Hayes, KG Hagiwara, K Nakamura, K Tanabashi, M Olive, K Honscheid, K Burchat, PR Shrock, RE Eidelman, S Schindler, RH Gurtu, A HIkasa, K Conforto, G Workman, RL Grab, C Amsler, C TI Particle physics summary SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID COSMIC-BACKGROUND-RADIATION; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; INELASTIC MUON SCATTERING; KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA MATRIX; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; TOP-QUARK PRODUCTION; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; STRONG-COUPLING-CONSTANT; HIGGS-BOSON MASS AB This report summarizes the highlights of the 1996 Review of Particle Physics (Phys. Rev. D54, 1 (1996)). Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. We also give numerous reviews, tables, figures, and formulae. The present edition marks the apparent completion of the table of Standard Model quarks with the discovery of the top. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of the full Review. C1 CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV VALENCIA, CSIC, INST FIS CORPUSCULAR, E-46100 BURJASSOT, SPAIN. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PHYS, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV GENOA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GENOA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW G12 8QQ, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HELSINKI, DEPT PHYS, FIN-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV HELSINKI, RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, FIN-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. HILLSDALE COLL, DEPT PHYS, HILLSDALE, MI 49242 USA. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS, KEK, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, INST THEORET PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. INST NUCL PHYS, SU-630090 NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. TOHOKU UNIV, DEPT PHYS, AOBA KU, SENDAI, MIYAGI 98077, JAPAN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV URBINO, I-61029 URBINO, ITALY. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. ETH HONGGERBERG, INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV ZURICH, INST PHYS, CH-8057 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. RP LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014 OI Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200 NR 832 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 611 EP 732 PG 122 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VF525 UT WOS:A1996VF52500001 ER PT J AU Cahn, RN AF Cahn, RN TI The eighteen arbitrary parameters of the standard model in your everyday life SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOP-QUARK AB Contrary to popular conception, the purpose df particle physics is to understand the everyday world. The current theory of fundamental interactions among the quarks and leptons depends on eighteen parameters, which are a priori arbitrary. Were these parameters different, our world would be changed dramatically. By exploring the connection between these parameters and everyday phenomena we can better appreciate the challenges confronting contemporary particle physics. Until we can explain the origin of these parameters, we cannot say we truly understand why our everyday world is as it is. RP Cahn, RN (reprint author), ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 951 EP 959 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.68.951 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VF525 UT WOS:A1996VF52500007 ER PT J AU Chang, CY Smith, PA AF Chang, CY Smith, PA TI Flow-induced structure in a system of nuclear waste simulant slurries SO RHEOLOGICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE slurries; thixotropy; antithixotropy; shear-induced effect; aggregation; rheology; silica; nuclear waste ID FERRIC-OXIDE SUSPENSIONS; COAL-WATER DISPERSIONS; CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; ANTITHIXOTROPIC BEHAVIOR; SHEAR; THIXOTROPY; RHEOLOGY; SILICA AB Thixotropy and antithixotropy were characterized in nuclear waste simulant slurries. For the neutralized current acid nuclear waste (NCAW) simulant slurries, NCAW with glycolic acid (NCAW + GA), and NCAW with nitric acid (NCAW + NA) (pH approximate to 4), a pre-shear flow at constant shear rate destroys the aggregates in the suspension and reduces viscosity. For the NCAW + NA (pH approximate to 7-9), a pre-shear enhances the aggregates in the suspension and increases viscosity. With the addition of silica to the NCAW + GA and NCAW + NA slurries, the pre-shear effect tends to promote aggregation due to the formation of a network in the suspension, and hence, the viscosity increases. The macroscopic rheological property variation due to the microstructural aspects of the suspensions associated with the shear-induced effect are addressed. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI BERLIN 33 PA C/O SPRINGER-VERLAG, HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, 1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0035-4511 J9 RHEOL ACTA JI Rheol. Acta PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 35 IS 4 BP 382 EP 389 DI 10.1007/BF00403539 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA VH849 UT WOS:A1996VH84900012 ER PT J AU Hsueh, YT Smith, RL Northrup, MA AF Hsueh, YT Smith, RL Northrup, MA TI A microfabricated, electrochemiluminescence cell for the detection of amplified DNA SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators (Eurosensors IX) CY JUN 25-29, 1995 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN DE electrochemiluminescence cell; amplified DNA AB An electrochemical cell for the generation and detection of electrochemiluminescence of tris (2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) has been microfabricated in silicon. The cell has been designed for use in the detection and quantification of DNA which has been amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. The cell is a vertical assembly of micromachined silicon and glass substrates, containing a gold, thin film cathode and an indium tin oxide, thin film anode. The anode is transparent, enabling the detection of the luminescence by an external photodetector. Preliminary tests have yielded the detection of free TBR concentrations from 10(-9) M to 10(-3) M with a cell volume of 85 mu l. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,MICROTECHNOL CTR,LIVERMORE,CA. RI Smith, Rosemary/H-7359-2015 OI Smith, Rosemary/0000-0001-8483-6777 NR 5 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 1-3 BP 110 EP 114 DI 10.1016/0925-4005(96)01933-8 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VK201 UT WOS:A1996VK20100020 ER PT J AU OLeary, DP Wu, YJJ AF OLeary, DP Wu, YJJ TI A block-GTH algorithm for finding the stationary vector of a Markov chain SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Markov chain; GTH algorithm; stationary vector; relative error bounds AB Grassman, Taksar, and Heyman have proposed an algorithm for computing the stationary vector oi a Markov chain. Analysis by O'Cinneide confirmed the results of numerical experiments, proving that the GTH algorithm computes an approximation to the stationary vector wit-h low relative error in each component. In this work. we develop a block form of the GTH algorithm, more efficient on high-performance architectures, and show that it tao produces a vector with low relative error, We demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm on vector processors and on workstations with hierarchical memory. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,INST ADV COMP STUDIES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. ARGONNE NATL LAB,MATH COMP SCI DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP OLeary, DP (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT COMP SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0895-4798 J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 BP 470 EP 488 DI 10.1137/S0895479894262534 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA UW250 UT WOS:A1996UW25000003 ER PT J AU Gu, M Eisenstat, SC AF Gu, M Eisenstat, SC TI Efficient algorithms for computing a strong rank-revealing QR factorization SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE orthogonal factorization; rank-revealing factorization; numerical rank ID SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION; LU-FACTORIZATIONS; COMPUTATION AB Given an In x n matrix M with m greater than or equal to n, it is shown that there exists a permutation Pi and an integer k such that the QR factorization M Pi = Q ((Ak) (Ck) (Bk)) reveals the numerical rank of M: the k x k upper-triangular matrix Ak is well conditioned, \\C-k\\(2) is small, and B-k is linearly dependent on A(k) with coefficients bounded by a low-degree polynomial in n. Existing rank-revealing QR (RRQR) algorithms are related to such factorizations and two algorithms are presented for computing them. The new algorithms are nearly as efficient as QR with column pivoting for most problems and take O (mn(2)) floating-point operations in the worst case. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. YALE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. RP Gu, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Gu, Min/B-6627-2008 NR 44 TC 167 Z9 170 U1 1 U2 4 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 848 EP 869 DI 10.1137/0917055 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA UV643 UT WOS:A1996UV64300004 ER PT J AU Jones, GJ Thompson, G AF Jones, GJ Thompson, G TI Renewable energy for African development SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ISES 1995 Solar World Congress CY SEP 09-16, 1995 CL HARARE, ZIMBABWE SP Int Solar Energy Soc AB A great deal of attention has been paid to the needs of the rural poor in their pursuit of economic, social and political development. In this light the merits of rural electrification are often debated with mixed conclusions and conjectures. The positive role renewable energy plays in the drama of human development is enjoying greater receptivity by both policy makers and villagers. However, institutional barriers still inhibit increased adoption of renewable energy technologies. This article argues that the question of how renewable energy services can be delivered to and paid for by the rural and peri-urban populations is answered not so much by the technology selected as by the institutional and organizational structures erected. By addressing financial infrastructure, capacity building, and village empowerment sustainable rural electrification programs are possible. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Jones, GJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 2 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 58 IS 1-3 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1016/0038-092X(96)00057-6 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA VW325 UT WOS:A1996VW32500014 ER PT J AU DeKeyser, J Roth, M Lemaire, J Tsurutani, BT Ho, CM Hammond, CM AF DeKeyser, J Roth, M Lemaire, J Tsurutani, BT Ho, CM Hammond, CM TI Theoretical plasma distributions consistent with Ulysses magnetic field observations in a solar wind tangential discontinuity SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOPAUSE STRUCTURE; AU AB The overall multi-layer structure of the magnetic field profile observed by Ulysses across a broad solar wind tangential discontinuity can be reproduced fairly well by means of a kinetic model. Such a simulation provides complementary information about the velocity distribution functions, which are not always available from the plasma experiment due to the low time resolution inherent in plasma measurements. The success of such a simulation proves that the kinetic model can be used as a realistic basis for further studies of the structure and stability of solar wind tangential disontinuities. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DeKeyser, J (reprint author), BELGIAN INST SPACE AERON,RINGLAAN 3,B-1180 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 166 IS 2 BP 415 EP 422 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UX481 UT WOS:A1996UX48100012 ER PT J AU Frenkel, AI Stern, EA Voronel, A Heald, SM AF Frenkel, AI Stern, EA Voronel, A Heald, SM TI Lattice strains in disordered mixed salts SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMAL-EXPANSION; ALKALI-HALIDES; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; ORDER AB X-Ray absorption fine structure measurements, and computer simulations were used to solve the structure of mixed salts RbBrxCl1-x. Deviations from the average NaCl structure (nearest neighbor distances and buckling angles) were observed which maximize in the midst of the concentration range. This induces a local elastic strain energy which is the cause of the melting point depression below the linear interpolation. It is shown for the first time that the concentration-weighted average of the Rb-Br and Rb-CI bond lengths is always greater than the average determined by diffraction. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV, SACKLER SCH PHYS & ASTRON, RAMAT AVIV, ISRAEL. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA USA. RP Frenkel, AI (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PEDIAT, BOX 351560, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011 OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207 NR 21 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 99 IS 2 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(96)80051-2 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT192 UT WOS:A1996UT19200003 ER PT J AU Stallworth, P Greenbaum, S Ma, Y Ding, L Doeff, M Visco, S AF Stallworth, P Greenbaum, S Ma, Y Ding, L Doeff, M Visco, S TI Na-23-NMR studies of NaxCoO2 cathode materials SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Solid State Ionics (SSI-10) CY DEC 03-08, 1995 CL SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE SP Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Asian Soc Solid State Ion DE cathode material; cation distribution; Na-23-NMR; structure AB Two samples of oxidized sodium cobalt oxide, NaxCoO2, where x=0.3 and 0.7, have been studied by variable-temperature wide-line Na-23-NMR. All spectra exhibit a substantially paramagnetic-shifted response characterized by 2nd-order quadrupole broadening and a diamagnetic-shifted weaker response. The paramagnetic shifts are attributed to spins localized on cobalt atoms. The 2nd-order quadrupolar splitting is resolved for x=0.7; whereas the lineshapes obtained for x=0.3 do not show the resolution and indicate a more symmetric sodium environment and/or a greater degree of ion mobility, Lineshapes for the two compositions behave somewhat differently as the temperature is changed, although both samples exhibit gradual line-narrowing over the entire range (-150 to 100 degrees C). Spin-lattice relaxation time measurements reflect the presence of inequivalent sodium environments, with one distribution of sodium environments characterized by long relaxation times (10 ms-200 ms) and another set of environments characterized by much shorter times (< 500 mu s). C1 CUNY HUNTER COLL,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Stallworth, P (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT PHYS,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047 NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 86-8 BP 797 EP 803 DI 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00183-X PN 2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VR723 UT WOS:A1996VR72300017 ER PT J AU Azens, A Hjelm, A LeBellac, D Granqvist, CG Barczynska, J Pentjuss, E Gabrusenoks, J Wills, JM AF Azens, A Hjelm, A LeBellac, D Granqvist, CG Barczynska, J Pentjuss, E Gabrusenoks, J Wills, JM TI Electrochromism of W-oxide-based thin films: Recent advances SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Solid State Ionics (SSI-10) CY DEC 03-08, 1995 CL SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE SP Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Asian Soc Solid State Ion DE electrochromism; thin films; sputtering; angular selective transmittance ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SELECTIVE OPTICAL TRANSMITTANCE; TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE FILMS; CR-BASED FILMS; WO3; BRONZES; NAXWO3; STATES AB We summarize some recent work related to electrochromic tungsten-oxide-based thin films. The electronic structure of crystalline cubic (perovskite) WO3 and HWO3 was calculated from first principles. It was found, that hydroxide formation was energetically favoured. Experimental studies were made on heavily disordered films prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering in Ar + O-2 with and without CF4 addition and substrate bias. Structural studies, indicated that the electron bombardment associated with a positive substrate bias led to grain growth and partial crystallization while maintaining a high density of W=O double bonds presumably on grain boundaries. Tandem films, with a thin protective layer of electron bombarded oxide covering a thicker oxyfluoride layer, were able to combine rapid dynamics of the electrochromism with good electrochemical durability. Oblique angle sputtering in Ar + O-2 led to films whose microstructure comprised inclined columns. Pronounced angular selective transmittance was found to coexist with electrochromism. C1 UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT TECHNOL,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV TECHNOL SYDNEY,DEPT APPL PHYS,BROADWAY,NSW 2007,AUSTRALIA. LATVIAN STATE UNIV,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,LV-1063 RIGA,LATVIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 86-8 BP 943 EP 948 DI 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00222-6 PN 2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VR723 UT WOS:A1996VR72300040 ER PT J AU Kinoshita, K Bonevich, J Song, XY Tran, TD AF Kinoshita, K Bonevich, J Song, XY Tran, TD TI Transmission electron microscopy of carbons for lithium intercalation SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Solid State Ionics (SSI-10) CY DEC 03-08, 1995 CL SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE SP Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Asian Soc Solid State Ion DE lithium intercalation; carbon; transmission electron microscopy ID CHARGE-DISCHARGE CHARACTERISTICS; GRAPHITE; ANODES; CELLS AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool which we are applying to study the microstructure of carbonaceous materials that are used as lithium-intercalation electrodes in lithium-ion cells. The results of our study on the relationship between the physicochemical properties of carbon, with strong emphasis on the microstructure observed by TEM, and their capability for electrochemical intercalation of lithium will be summarized. In addition, progress on the fabrication of a microcell for in situ TEM of lithium-intercalation in carbon will be discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Kinoshita, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 86-8 BP 1343 EP 1350 DI 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00315-3 PN 2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VR723 UT WOS:A1996VR72300104 ER PT J AU Botto, RE Cody, GD Dieckman, SL French, DC Gopalsami, N Rizo, P AF Botto, RE Cody, GD Dieckman, SL French, DC Gopalsami, N Rizo, P TI Three-dimensional magnetic resonance microscopy of materials SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE catalysis; ceramic; magnetic resonance imaging; polymeric material; three-dimensional imaging ID SOLID-STATE NMR; ROTATING SOLIDS; MAGIC-ECHO; IMAGES; POLYMERS; CRAMPS AB Several aspects of magnetic resonance microscopy are examined employing three-dimensional (3D) back-projection reconstruction techniques in combination with either simple Bloch-decay methods or MREV-8 multiple-pulse line narrowing techniques in the presence of static field gradients. Applications to the areas of ceramic processing, catalyst porosity measurements and the characterization of polymeric materials are presented. The focus of the discussion centers on issues of sensitivity and resolution using this approach compared with other methods. Advantages and limitations of 3D microscopy over more commonly employed slice selection protocols are discussed, as well as potential remedies to some of the inherent limitations of the technique. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CEN GRENOBLE,CEA,DEPT SYST,LAB ELECT & TECHNOL INFORMAT,F-38041 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP Botto, RE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-2040 J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 389 EP 402 DI 10.1016/0926-2040(95)01220-6 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA VM866 UT WOS:A1996VM86600011 PM 8902960 ER PT J AU Gleason, SS Tobin, KW Karnowski, TP AF Gleason, SS Tobin, KW Karnowski, TP TI Spatial signature analysis of semiconductor defects SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Automated tools for defect analysis are becoming more and more necessary as device densities and wafer sizes continue to increase. Such tools can efficiently and robustly process the increasing amounts of data, and thus quickly characterize manufacturing processes and accelerate yield learning, A newly developed image-based method analyzes process ''signatures'' in defect data distributions. This article describes the statistical and morphological image-processing techniques used to segment signature events into high-level, process-oriented categories. We present examples of enhanced statistical process control, automated process characterization, and intelligent subsampling of event distributions for off-line defect review. RP Gleason, SS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,IMAGE SCI & MACHINE VIS GRP,POB 2008,BLDG 3546,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY OFFICE PI NASHUA PA TEN TARA BLVD 5TH FLOOR, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 127 EP & PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA UX234 UT WOS:A1996UX23400019 ER PT J AU Wu, RL Silks, LA Odom, JD Dunlap, RB AF Wu, RL Silks, LA Odom, JD Dunlap, RB TI Highly sensitive spectroscopic detection of chiral molecular structures by Se-77 NMR spectroscopy SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OXAZOLIDINE-2-SELONES; CENTERS; SELENOSUBTILISIN; QUANTITATION; ACID AB The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recently recommended that drugs being administered as racemic mixtures be evaluated in terms of their enantiomeric purity and that the pharmacological action of each enantiomer be clearly defined. This recommendation has motivated us to design selenium-based chiral derivatizing agents (CDAs) that, when chemically coupled with enantiomeric mixtures, yield diastereomeric products that are easily distinguished and accurately quantitated by Se-77 NMR spectroscopy. The selenium atom in these reagents has proven to be extremely chemical-shift sensitive, thereby providing a means for detecting and quantitating remote chiral molecular structures. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 37 EP 42 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA VJ167 UT WOS:A1996VJ16700006 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Erdemir, A Meletis, EI AF Liu, Y Erdemir, A Meletis, EI TI A study of the wear mechanism of diamond-like carbon films SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diamond-like carbon; tribology; graphitization; transfer layer; thin films ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS; FRICTION; GRAPHITE; BEHAVIOR; HUMIDITY; LAYERS AB In the present work, the tribological mechanism of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films was investigated. DLC films were coated on metallic substrates (M50 steel, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and AISI 440C steel) by methane ion-beam deposition. Pin-on-disc experiments showed that the DLC films possess excellent wear resistance and exhibit low values of friction coefficient (f<0.1). The frictional response was characterized by an initial break-in period that was followed by an intermediate constant f stage. The presence of a carbon transfer layer was observed on the wear scars of ball surfaces. Transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction from the transfer layer showed that it contained a fine distribution of graphite nanoparticles (less than 5 nm) in a distorted diamond-like structure. Laser Raman spectra taken from the wear track region also revealed evidence of graphitization. In light of the present observations, the intermediate friction stage was mainly attributed to transfer layer formation. During long-duration wear experiments, a further reduction in f was observed that finally reached steady state low friction (f=0.05-0.07) and an ultralow wear rate (about 1.6 x 10(-9) mm(3) m(-1) N-1). Steady state was related to the complete transformation of diamond-like to graphite-like carbon under thermal and strain effects from the repeated friction through a precursor stage involving hydrogen evolution and sp(3) structure destabilization. The ultra-low wear rates were correlated to easy shear of low-strength atomic carbon interlayers in the graphitic structure. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH ENGN, MAT SCI & ENGN PROGRAM, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 306 Z9 327 U1 14 U2 136 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-2 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0257-8972(95)02623-1 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA UR756 UT WOS:A1996UR75600007 ER PT J AU Simpson, WC Yarmoff, JA AF Simpson, WC Yarmoff, JA TI Bonding geometries of F and Cl on Si(100)-2x1 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE angle resolved DIET; chemisorption; halogens; ion-solid interactions; low index single crystal surfaces; silicon ID ESDIAD; SURFACES; SITES; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; SI(111)7X7; SI AB Angle- and energy-resolved F+ and Cl+ electron-stimulated desorption distributions are collected from Si(100)-2x1 surfaces exposed at room temperature to XeF2 or Cl-2. These distributions are fit to a model that accounts for ion-surface interactions in order to extract bond angle information. It is found that both F and Cl chemisorb on the dangling bonds of intact Si dimers, at an angle of similar to 20 degrees from normal along the [011] azimuth. By annealing a chlorinated surface above similar to 400 K, some normally oriented Si-Cl bonds are generated. In addition to determining bonding geometries, quantitative information is obtained regarding the image-charge interaction and neutralization for F+ and Cl+ interacting with Si. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 359 IS 1-3 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00373-1 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW254 UT WOS:A1996UW25400018 ER PT J AU Kellogg, GL AF Kellogg, GL TI Field ion microscope investigations of adatom and dimer diffusion along Rh(100) step edges SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adatoms; field ion microscopy; growth; rhodium; stepped single crystal surfaces; surface diffusion; vicinal single crystal surfaces ID SURFACE SELF-DIFFUSION; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; IR(001) SURFACE; SINGLE ADATOMS; NI SURFACES; AU; RU(0001); METALS; STM; CU AB Activation energies of surface diffusion for atoms and dimers migrating along straight edges of rectangular-shaped islands on Rh(100) were measured by held ion microscopy. Single atoms diffuse along the step with an activation energy of 0.58+/-0.02 eV. This value is comparable to that for self-diffusion on the channeled Rh(311) plane (0.54 eV), which has the same local atomic structure as the step. The activation energy is considerably smaller than that for self-diffusion on the Rh(100) terrace (0.83 eV). Dimers diffuse along the step with an activation energy of 0.80+/-0.02 eV. The energy barrier for an atom to move around the corner of an island is estimated from the onset temperature to be similar to 0.9 eV. The measured diffusion barriers are discussed in relation to island growth on fee metal surfaces. RP Kellogg, GL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 359 IS 1-3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00378-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW254 UT WOS:A1996UW25400028 ER PT J AU Maschhoff, BL Ledema, MJ Kwini, M Cowin, JP AF Maschhoff, BL Ledema, MJ Kwini, M Cowin, JP TI Long-range electrostatic forces in the coadsorption of CH3 Cl and water SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE copper; interface states; methyl chloride; surface segregation; surface thermodynamics; thermal desorption spectroscopy; water ID THERMAL-DESORPTION; METAL-SURFACES; CU(110); ADSORPTION; PHOTODISSOCIATION; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; CHEMISORPTION; ORIENTATION; AG(111); PT(111) AB We report on the interactions between methyl chloride adsorbed on Cu(110) surfaces with submonolayerpredosed water, via temperature-programmed desorption. Previous studies have demonstrated that water molecules adsorbed on Cu(110) cluster at all coverages within the first monolayer, and that CH3Cl self-repels due to repulsive interactions of the aligned dipoles. This CH3Cl self-repulsion was confirmed and re-analyzed. We then studied the changes in the desorption kinetics of CH3Cl in the presence of preadsorbed water islands. For surfaces predosed with water coverages up to one monolayer, the binding energy of CH3Cl to the surface is progressively reduced. This reduction is consistent with long-range dipole fields from the water islands interacting with the CH3Cl dipoles. We plot the calculated potential energy between the water islands, and conclude that these fields should dictate how dipolar molecules coadsorb or diffuse. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 359 IS 1-3 BP 253 EP 268 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00376-7 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW254 UT WOS:A1996UW25400030 ER PT J AU Kim, YJ Thevuthasan, S Herman, GS Peden, CHF Chambers, SA Belton, DN Permana, H AF Kim, YJ Thevuthasan, S Herman, GS Peden, CHF Chambers, SA Belton, DN Permana, H TI Chemisorption geometry of NO on Rh(111) by X-ray photoelectron diffraction SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nitrogen oxides; photoelectron diffraction; rhodium; solid-gas interfaces; surface chemical reaction ID ENERGY LOSS CHARACTERIZATION; DISTINCT ADSORPTION STATES; ADSORBATE SITE ASSIGNMENT; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; AUGER-ELECTRON; NITRIC-OXIDE; SCATTERING; NI(111) AB The adlayer structure of (2 x 2)-3NO on Rh(111) has been investigated by high-energy, scanned-angle X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) in conjunction with single scattering cluster theory and R-factor analysis. In addition, a plausible adlayer registry, consistent with previously published HREELS data, is deduced by means of physical reasoning. The resulting structural model consists of NO bound to atop, three-fold hollow fee, and three-fold hollow hcp sites through the N atom with an NO bond length of 1.15 Angstrom. NO molecules at all three sites within the adlayer are oriented normal to the surface. The Z coordinates (Z being defined as perpendicular to the surface) of atop and hollow-site NO molecules relative to the top layer of Rh atoms differ by 0.5 Angstrom, with hollow-site NO being bound more closely to the substrate. This structure differs considerably from one proposed previously by a LEED I-V analysis in both the site occupancy and the spacing of NO molecules within the adlayer. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. GM CORP,RES & DEV LAB,WARREN,MI 48090. OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 47 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 359 IS 1-3 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00027-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW254 UT WOS:A1996UW25400031 ER PT J AU Clark, RN Ashby, CR Dewey, SL Ramachandran, PV Strecker, RE AF Clark, RN Ashby, CR Dewey, SL Ramachandran, PV Strecker, RE TI Effect of acute and chronic fluoxetine on extracellular dopamine levels in the caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens of rat SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article DE microdialysis; striatum; DOPAC; HVA; 5HIAA; cocaine; serotonin; SSRI; rat; antidepressants ID 5-HT3 RECEPTOR; SEROTONIN; RELEASE; BRAIN; MICRODIALYSIS; STRIATUM AB Recent studies indicate that an increase in serotonergic (5-HT) activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) produces an increase in dopamine (DA) release, providing a possible mechanism for the involvement of DA in the therapeutic action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. However, acutely administered fluoxetine (2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to elevate extracellular levels of DA, or its metabolites in the NAc or caudate-putamen (CP). In fact, the highest dose produced a small (20%) decrease in DA levels in the NAc. Extracellular levels of the 5-HT metabolite 5HIAA were consistently decreased at all doses of fluoxetine in both structures. Since SSRIs generally require several weeks of treatment to be effective clinically, a second experiment examined the effect of chronic administration of fluoxetine. Chronic (21 day) daily treatment with 5 mg/kg had no effect on NAc basal levels of DA, DA metabolites, or 5HIAA, relative to a saline-treated control group. Finally, pretreatment with fluoxetine appeared to slightly enhance the elevation of NAc DA induced by an injection of cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), an effect that was not quite significant (P < .06). In conclusion, the 5-HT-induced facilitation of NAc DA neurotransmission described in the literature may not be relevant to the therapeutic action of fluoxetine. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. ST JOHNS UNIV,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,JAMAICA,NY 11439. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. PURDUE UNIV,HC BROWN LAB CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-07456] NR 22 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199607)23:3<125::AID-SYN1>3.0.CO;2-A PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UU244 UT WOS:A1996UU24400001 PM 8807740 ER PT J AU Moore, JF Strongin, DR AF Moore, JF Strongin, DR TI Ultrathin silicon oxide films deposited by synchrotron irradiation of condensed layers of silanes and water SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE chemical vapour deposition (CVD); growth mechanism; silicon oxide; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) ID SI EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; RADIATION; SIO2-FILMS; LENGTHS; SOLIDS AB Silicon oxide and carbide ultrathin films (less than 50 Angstrom thick) were grown at rates of up to 1 Angstrom s(-1) using a previously developed technique. To form silicon oxide, a mixture of silane or tetramethylsilane and water was condensed onto a metal surface, which was then exposed to either broad-band or monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Characterization by soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure showed that clean, near-stoichiometric films of self-limited thickness were grown. The results also suggested that the reactions leading to film growth were predominantly excited by electrons produced by photon absorption in the substrate. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL PY 1996 VL 280 IS 1-2 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1016/0040-6090(95)08177-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VD940 UT WOS:A1996VD94000017 ER PT J AU He, Y Yang, XS Miller, DR Hendrey, GR Lewin, KF Nagy, J AF He, Y Yang, XS Miller, DR Hendrey, GR Lewin, KF Nagy, J TI Effects of face system operation on the micrometeorology of a loblolly pine stand SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE forest canopy; free air carbon dioxide enrichment; micrometeorology ID CO2 ENRICHMENT AB The effects of the gas injection operation on air movement in the loblolly pine stand at the Duke Forest prototype BNL-FACE User Facility were investigated The micrometeorological conditions were measured using three-dimensional sonic anemometers in the center of the FACE ring at two heights, one just above the canopy (median height of the canopy = 9 m) at 11.6 m and another at 6.8 m above the ground where the canopy war the most dense. While the micrometeorological parameters were sampled continuously at 10 Hz, the gas injection system was turned alternatively on and off every 5 min for about 100 h. The analyses indicated that the system operation had little effect on the micrometeorology processes above the canopy. There were small magnitude but detectable changes in some of the micrometeorological parameters within the canopy, primarily during stable atmospheric conditions, in response to this 5-min alternation. The gas injection operation created a slightly diverging windfield in the top half of the canopy in the enclosed stand A slight dampening of the vertical wind and air temperature fluctuations was detected No detectable effects on the mean, or accumulated, heat and momentum fluxes at the measurement locations were found. in general, the system was shown to cause minimal disturbances to the natural environment compared to traditional carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment facilities and it provides a better alternative for long-term ecological studies. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NAT RESOURCES MANAGEMENT & ENGN,STORRS,CT 06269. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV BIOSYST & PROC SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1551 EP 1556 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA VF223 UT WOS:A1996VF22300036 ER PT J AU Pruess, K AF Pruess, K TI A Fickian diffusion model for the spreading of liquid plumes infiltrating in heterogeneous media SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE unsaturated flow; large-scale averaging; dispersion; high-resolution numerical simulations; NAPL spills ID TRANSIENT UNSATURATED FLOW; WETTING FRONT INSTABILITY; NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; POROUS-MEDIA; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; 2-PHASE FLOW; STRATIFIED SOILS; STEAM INJECTION; DISPERSION AB Infiltration of water and non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the vadose zone gives rise to complex two- and three-phase immiscible displacement processes. Physical and numerical experiments have shown that ever-present small-scale heterogeneities will cause a lateral broadening of the descending liquid plumes. This behavior of liquid plumes infiltrating in the vadose zone may be similar to the familiar transversal dispersion of solute plumes in single-phase flow. Noting this analogy we introduce a mathematical model for 'phase dispersion' in multiphase flow as a Fickian diffusion process. It is shown that the driving force for phase dispersion is the gradient of relative permeability, and that addition of a phase-dispersive term to the governing equations for multiphase flow is equivalent to an effective capillary pressure which is proportional to the logarithm of the relative permeability of the infiltrating liquid phase. The relationship between heterogeneity-induced phase dispersion and capillary and numerical dispersion effects is established. High-resolution numerical simulation experiments in heterogeneous media show that plume spreading tends to be diffusive, supporting the proposed convection-dispersion model. Finite difference discretization of the phase-dispersive flux is discussed, and an illustrative application to NAPL infiltration from a localized source is presented. It is found that a small amount of phase dispersion can completely alter the behavior of an infiltrating NAPL plume, and that neglect of phase-dispersive processes may lead to unrealistic predictions of NAPL behavior in the vadose zone. RP Pruess, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD JUL PY 1996 VL 24 IS 1 BP 1 EP 33 PG 33 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UZ439 UT WOS:A1996UZ43900001 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG TI Computer modeling and simulation of macromolecular systems: Approaching the experimental regime SO TRENDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POLYMERS AB The capabilities of polymer science and computational chemistry are reaching a point of convergence. New computer hardware and novel computational methods have created opportunities to investigate new polymeric materials as well as to model and predict their properties. The recent arrival of massively parallel computers and new algorithms for sharing computational tasks among many processors now brings polymer simulations involving of the order of 10(9) atoms to within reasonable time limits and will allow for new studies on such interesting systems as nanostructured materials. In this paper we will also report molecular dynamics methods that allow for fully atomistic simulations of macromolecular systems up to several hundred thousand atoms for up to several nanoseconds to be reasonably accomplished on standard workstations. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-4793 J9 TRENDS POLYM SCI JI Trends Polym. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 4 IS 7 BP 223 EP 228 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UZ041 UT WOS:A1996UZ04100005 ER PT J AU Lee, EH Rao, GR Mansur, LK AF Lee, EH Rao, GR Mansur, LK TI Super-hard-surfaced polymers by high-energy ion-beam irradiation SO TRENDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMPROVED WEAR PROPERTIES; IMPLANTED POLYCARBONATE; CROSS-LINKING; FILMS; INDENTATION; POLYSTYRENE; RADIATION; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; MICROHARDNESS; BOMBARDMENT AB In recent work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), extremely hard-surfaced polymers have been obtained by high-energy ion-beam (HEIB) processing. These products represent an entirely new class of materials that are lightweight and have the flexibility of polymers, combined with surface hardness and wear resistance greater than that of metallic alloys. Apart from surface-sensitive mechanical properties, other properties such as chemical resistance, oxidation resistance, electrical conductivity and diffusion barrier effectiveness were also significantly improved. The underlying mechanisms and changes in the physical and chemical properties were systematically studied by controlling critical parameters such as ion energy, ion fluence, ion species and polymer structure. In conjunction with computer analyses using the Monte Carlo code, TRansport of Ions in Matter (TRIM), the changes in properties were explained on the basis of ion-energy loss mechanisms. The property improvements (mainly attributable to crosslinking) were related to electronic energy transfer (excitation and ionization), and the degradation in properties (as a result of scission) to nuclear energy transfer (displacement reactions). Based on these systematic studies, specific guiding principles for ion-beam material processing have been developed and are presented here. In addition, potential application ar eas of HEIB processing of polymers are also addressed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 69 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-4793 J9 TRENDS POLYM SCI JI Trends Polym. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 4 IS 7 BP 229 EP 237 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UZ041 UT WOS:A1996UZ04100006 ER PT J AU Erdemir, A Bindal, C Fenske, GR Wilbur, P AF Erdemir, A Bindal, C Fenske, GR Wilbur, P TI Tribological properties of hard carbon films on zirconia ceramics SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE solid lubrication; ceramics; friction; wear ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; HYDROGEN; BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; WEAR; ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION; FRICTION; SURFACE AB In this study, the authors investigated the tribological properties of hard diamondlike carbon (DLC) films on magnesia-partially stabilized zirconia (MgO-PSZ) substrates over a wide range of loads, speeds, temperatures, and counterface materials. The films were 2 mu m thick and produced by ion-beam deposition at room temperature. Tribological tests were conducted on a ball-on-disk machine with MgO-PSZ balk;, in open air of 30 to 50% relative humidity under contact loads of 1 to 50 N, at sliding velocities of 0.1 to 6 m/s, and at temperatures of 400 degrees C. Al2O3 and Si3N4 balls were also rubbed against the DLC-coated MgO-PSZ disks, primarily to assess their friction and wear performance and to compare it with that of MgO-PSZ balls. A series of long-duration lifetime tests was run at speeds of 1, 2, and 6 m/s under a 5 N load to assess the durability of these DLC films. Results showed that the friction coefficients of MgO-PSZ balls sliding against MgO-PSZ disks were 0.5-0.8 and the average specific wear rates of MgO-PSZ balls ranged from 1 x 10(-5) to 5 x 10(-4) mm(3)/N . m, depending on sliding: velocity, contact load, and ambient temperature. The friction coefficients of MgO-PSZ balls sliding against the DLC-coated MgO-PSZ disks ranged from 0.03 to 0.1. The average specific wear rates of MgO-PSZ balls were reduced by three to four orders of magnitude when rubbed against the DLC-coated disks. These DLC films could last 1.5 to 4 million cycles, depending an sliding velocity. Scanning electron microscopy and micro-laser Raman spectroscopy were used to elucidate the microstructural and chemical nature of the DLC films and worn surfaces. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH ENGN, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. SAKARYA UNIV, DEPT MET ENGN, ADAPAZARI, TURKEY. RP Erdemir, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, TRIBOL SECT, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 3 BP 735 EP 744 DI 10.1080/10402009608983591 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UY707 UT WOS:A1996UY70700031 ER PT J AU Veil, JA Moses, DO AF Veil, JA Moses, DO TI Consequences of proposed changes to clean water act thermal discharge requirements SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Clean Water Conference on Clean Water - Factors That Influence Its Availability, Quality and Its Use CY NOV 28-30, 1995 CL LA JOLLA, CA SP Elect Power Res Inst, Calif State Water Resources Control Board, Edison Elect Inst, Empire State Elect Energy Res Corp, Int Energy Agcy, Coal Res, UK, Power Gen, UK, US DOE, PETC DE thermal; mixing zone; 316(a) variance; cooling tower; diffuser AB This paper summarizes three studies that examined the economic and environmental impact on the power industry of: a) limiting thermal mixing zones to 1,000 feet (similar to 305 m), and b) eliminating the Clean Water Act (CWA) 316(a) variance. Both of these proposed changes were included in S. 1081, a 1991 Senate bill to reauthorize the CWA. The bill would not have provided for grandfathering plants already using the variance or mixing zones larger than 305 m. Each of the two changes to the existing thermal discharge requirements were independently evaluated. Power companies were asked what they would do if these two changes were imposed. Most plants affected by the proposed changes would retrofit cooling towers and some would retrofit diffusers. Assuming that all affected plants would proportionally follow the same options as the surveyed plants, the estimated capital cost of retrofitting cooling towers or diffusers at all affected plants ranges from $21.4 to 24.4 billion. Both cooling towers and diffusers exert a 1%-5.8% energy penalty on a plant's output. Consequently, the power companies must generate additional power if they install those technologies. The estimated cost of the additional power ranges from $10 to 18.4 billion over 20 years. Generation of the extra power would emit over 7.3 billion kg per year of additional carbon dioxide. Operation of the new cooling towers would cause more than 94.5 m(3) per second of additional evaporation. Neither the restricted mixing zone size nor the elimination of the 316(a) variance was adopted into law. More recent proposed changes to the Clean Water Act have not included either of these provisions, but in the future, other Congresses might attempt to reintroduce these types of changes. C1 US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP Veil, JA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,955 LENFANT PLAZA SW,SUITE 6000,WASHINGTON,DC 20024, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 90 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1007/BF00619266 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA UX485 UT WOS:A1996UX48500006 ER PT J AU Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Tsang, CF Bodvarsson, GS AF Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Tsang, CF Bodvarsson, GS TI Improved glass micromodel methods for studies of flow and transport in fractured porous media SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Microscale experiments can provide mechanistic insights into larger-scale flow and transport phenomena. Studies of the microscale mechanics involved in preferential how in general, and unsaturated fast flow paths in particular, require the development of new experimental techniques. A new method for constructing glass micromodels has been developed which permits direct visualization and quantification of flow and transport phenomena in fractured porous media. In the fracture-matrix micromodels a sequential etching procedure was developed in order to provide the necessary contrast of depths between matrix pores and fracture apertures. This high contrast in etching depths ensures that very different capillary properties are associated with micromodel ''fractures'' and ''matrix'' blocks. Improved techniques were also developed for reducing the pore sizes of the matrix to a natural fine-grained sandstone pore scale, The improved micromodel pattern designs allow for previously unachievable control of boundary conditions. Various saturated and unsaturated fracture flow and transport processes can be visually and quantitatively studied with these micromodels, A method for directly measuring pore-scale flow velocity distribution through tracing trajectories of suspended fluorescent microspheres was also developed, Examples of applications include measurements of velocity profiles in fractures, imbibition, fracture-matrix transient flow, and matrix diffusion. In general, the improved micromodel method provides a unique tool for exploring some of the previously unrecognized flow and transport processes in fractured porous media. This research is directed at providing microscale explanations to some currently unresolved flow and transport issues important in predicting the larger-scale flow processes. RP Wan, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Tokunaga, Tetsu/H-2790-2014; Wan, Jiamin/H-6656-2014 OI Tokunaga, Tetsu/0000-0003-0861-6128; NR 28 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1955 EP 1964 DI 10.1029/96WR00755 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA UV613 UT WOS:A1996UV61300004 ER PT J AU Johnson, TM DePaolo, DJ AF Johnson, TM DePaolo, DJ TI Reaction-transport models for radiocarbon in groundwater: The effects of longitudinal dispersion and the use of Sr isotope ratios to correct for water-rock interaction SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AQUIFERS; CARBON AB We expand a model for isotope ratios in groundwater-rock systems to consider the ratio of C-14 to dissolved inorganic carbon, or ''percent modern carbon.'' The model couples one-dimensional advection and dispersion with water-rock interaction and radioactive decay. We use a Fickian formulation to model longitudinal macrodispersion and present a formula for the groundwater velocity error introduced when dispersion is ignored, as a function of dispersivity and decrease in percent modern carbon. For example, if the longitudinal dispersivity were one tenth the length of observation and percent modern carbon decreased tenfold along a flow path, the error would be 23%. We also present a method for inversion of Sr-87/Sr-86 and C-14 data to obtain carbonate dissolution rates and dissolution-corrected water velocities and apply this technique using published data from the Lincolnshire aquifer, England. The results are similar to those obtained using the delta(13)C method. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA. RP Johnson, TM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,BERKELEY CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM,301 MCCONE HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Johnson, Thomas/A-2740-2008 OI Johnson, Thomas/0000-0003-1620-1408 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 7 BP 2203 EP 2212 DI 10.1029/96WR00992 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA UV613 UT WOS:A1996UV61300027 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Liu, P Verhoeven, JD Gibson, ED AF Chen, Z Liu, P Verhoeven, JD Gibson, ED TI Sliding wear behavior of deformation-processed Cu-15vol.%Cr in situ composites SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE sliding wear; composite; Cu-Cr; deformation processing ID TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; STRENGTH AB A deformation-processed Cu-15vol.%Cr in situ composite was made by consumable arc melting and casting followed by extensive deformation. A superior combination of mechanical strength and electrical/thermal conductivity was achieved with the composite since Cr filaments existed in the nearly pure copper matrix. The effects of sliding speed and normal pressure on sliding wear behavior and microstructure of the composite were investigated, with a composite pin rubbing against a hardened AISI 52100 steel disk on a pin-on-disk wear tester. In the studied range of normal pressure and sliding speed, the wear rate increased with increased normal pressure, whereas the wear rate decreased with increased sliding speed. Sliding-induced subsurface deformation occurred not only in the sliding direction but also in the lateral directions perpendicular to the sliding direction. This lateral flow produced a twisting of the Cr filaments. The complex deformation mode was revealed clearly by the morphological change of the ribbon-like filaments, Both constituents of the composite were cooperatively deformed. The thickness of deformed subsurface layer increased with increasing normal pressure and sliding speed. Scanning electron micrographs showed plastic deformation flow on the wear surface. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP Chen, Z (reprint author), EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIV,SCH TECHNOL,CHARLESTON,IL 61920, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL PY 1996 VL 195 IS 1-2 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0043-1648(96)06949-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UT530 UT WOS:A1996UT53000026 ER PT J AU Vianco, PT AF Vianco, PT TI The role of lead in solders SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP Vianco, PT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR SOLDER SCI & TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 75 IS 7 BP 120 EP 121 PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UW444 UT WOS:A1996UW44400016 ER PT J AU Willsau, P Neffgen, M LeCoz, Y Hubel, H Korten, W Hannachi, F Korichi, A Porquet, MG Kaci, M Redon, N Meyer, M Beausang, CW Paul, ES Simpson, J Hughes, JR AF Willsau, P Neffgen, M LeCoz, Y Hubel, H Korten, W Hannachi, F Korichi, A Porquet, MG Kaci, M Redon, N Meyer, M Beausang, CW Paul, ES Simpson, J Hughes, JR TI Lifetimes of a dipole cascade in Hg-192 SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID OBLATE BAND; SPIN; STATES; NUCLEI; REGION AB Lifetimes of ten states with spins between 23 and 32 have been measured in a cascade of dipole transitions in Hg-192 using the Doppler-shift recoil-distance method. Average reduced transition probabilities, deduced from the lifetimes, are B(M1) approximate to 0.01 and 1.1 mu(n)(2) in the lower and higher spin region of the cascade, respectively, and B(E2) approximate to 0.13 (eb)(2). The jump in the B(M1) values can be explained by different multi-quasiparticle configurations in the lower and higher spin regions of the band. C1 UNIV LYON 1, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. CNRS, IN2P3, IPN, F-91406 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV LIVERPOOL, OLIVER LODGE LAB, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, MERSEYSIDE, ENGLAND. SERC, DARESBURY LAB, CCLRC, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. CNRS, IN2P3, IPN LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. RP UNIV BONN, INST STRAHLEN & KERNPHYS, NUSSALLEE 14-16, D-53115 BONN, GERMANY. RI KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-7922 J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei PD JUL PY 1996 VL 355 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1007/s002180050089 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UW974 UT WOS:A1996UW97400005 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Furetta, C Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, C Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Pauss, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Rind, O Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A AF Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Furetta, C Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, C Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Pauss, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Rind, O Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A TI Measurement of the branching ratios b -> e nu Chi, mu nu Chi, tau nu Chi, and nu Chi SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID WEAK CHARGED CURRENT; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; L3 EXPERIMENT; E+E-PHYSICS; DECAYS; QUARK; UPDATE AB The inclusive semileptonic branching ratios b --> e nu X, mu nu X, tau nu X and nu X have been measured at LEP with the L3 detector. The analysis is based on 2-jet hadronic Z decays obtained in the data collected between 1991 and 1992. Three separate event samples are analysed, containing electrons, muons and large missing energy (neutrinos), respectively. From the electron sample, we measure Br(b --> e nu X) = (10.89+/-0.20+/-0.51)% and, from the muon sample, Br(b --> mu nu X) = (10.82+/-0.15+/-0.59)%, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. From the missing energy sample, we measure Br(b --> nu X) = (23.08+/-0.77+/-1.24)%, assuming the relative semileptonic decay rates e:mu:tau = 1:1:(0.25+/-0.05), according to theoretical expectations. From a combined analysis of all three samples and constraining the relative semileptonic rates, we measure Br(b --> e nu X) = Br(b --> mu nu X) = (10.68+/-0.11+/-0.46)%. Alternatively, we can remove the constraint on the relative semileptonic rates and measure Br(b --> tau nu X) = (1.7+/-0.5+/-1.1)%. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NIKHEF, NATL INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, IN2P3, CNRS, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ FIRENZE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. CHINESE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. SEFT, RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, CNRS, IN2P3, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ MILANO, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPT PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ NAPOLI, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NIJMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ ROMA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST NUCL PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULES ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. HIGH ENERGY PHYS GRP, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. RI Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Ludovici, Lucio/F-5917-2011; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; alpat, ali behcet/G-6290-2013; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; rodriguez calonge, francisco javier/H-9682-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016 OI Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ludovici, Lucio/0000-0003-1970-9960; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; alpat, ali behcet/0000-0002-0116-1506; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 3 BP 379 EP 389 DI 10.1007/s002880050184 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VC874 UT WOS:A1996VC87400002 ER PT J AU Adams, MR Aid, S Anthony, PL Baker, MD Bartlett, J Bhatti, AA Braun, HM Busza, W Carroll, TJ Conrad, JM Coutrakon, G Davisson, R Derado, I Dhawan, SK Dougherty, W Dreyer, T Dziunikowska, K Eckardt, V Ecker, U Erdmann, M Eskreys, A Figiel, J Gebauer, HJ Geesaman, DF Gilman, R Green, MC Haas, J Halliwell, C Hanlon, J Hantke, D Hughes, VW Jackson, HE Jancso, G Jansen, DM Kaufman, S Kennedy, RD Kirk, T Kobrak, HGE Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lord, JJ Lubatti, HJ McLeod, D Magill, S Malecki, P Manz, A Melanson, H Michael, DG Mohr, W Montgomery, HE Morfin, JG Nickerson, RB ODay, S Olkiewicz, K Osborne, L Papavassiliou, V Pawlik, B Pipkin, FM Ramberg, EJ Roser, A Ryan, JJ Salgado, CW Salvarani, A Schellman, H Schmitt, M Schmitz, N Schuler, KP Seyerlein, HJ Skuja, A Snow, GA SoldnerRembold, S Steinberg, PH Stier, HE Stopa, P Swanson, RA Talaga, R TentindoRepond, S Trost, HJ Venkataramania, H Wilhelm, M Wilkes, J Wilson, R Wittek, W Wolbers, SA Zhao, T AF Adams, MR Aid, S Anthony, PL Baker, MD Bartlett, J Bhatti, AA Braun, HM Busza, W Carroll, TJ Conrad, JM Coutrakon, G Davisson, R Derado, I Dhawan, SK Dougherty, W Dreyer, T Dziunikowska, K Eckardt, V Ecker, U Erdmann, M Eskreys, A Figiel, J Gebauer, HJ Geesaman, DF Gilman, R Green, MC Haas, J Halliwell, C Hanlon, J Hantke, D Hughes, VW Jackson, HE Jancso, G Jansen, DM Kaufman, S Kennedy, RD Kirk, T Kobrak, HGE Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lord, JJ Lubatti, HJ McLeod, D Magill, S Malecki, P Manz, A Melanson, H Michael, DG Mohr, W Montgomery, HE Morfin, JG Nickerson, RB ODay, S Olkiewicz, K Osborne, L Papavassiliou, V Pawlik, B Pipkin, FM Ramberg, EJ Roser, A Ryan, JJ Salgado, CW Salvarani, A Schellman, H Schmitt, M Schmitz, N Schuler, KP Seyerlein, HJ Skuja, A Snow, GA SoldnerRembold, S Steinberg, PH Stier, HE Stopa, P Swanson, RA Talaga, R TentindoRepond, S Trost, HJ Venkataramania, H Wilhelm, M Wilkes, J Wilson, R Wittek, W Wolbers, SA Zhao, T TI Determination of the gluon distribution function of the nucleon using energy-energy angular pattern in deep-inelastic muon-deuteron scattering SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION; LOW-X; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; JET FRAGMENTATION; QCD ANALYSIS; ALPHA-S; PROTON; COLLISIONS; DENSITY AB We have used the energy-energy angular pattern of hadrons in inelastic muon-deuteron scattering to study perturbative QCD effects and to extract the gluon distribution function eta G(eta) of the nucleon, where eta is the fractional momentum carried by the gluon. The data were taken with the E665 spectrometer using the Fermilab Tevatron muon beam with a mean beam energy of 490 GeV. We present eta G(eta) for 0.005 < eta < 0.05 and at an average Q(2) of 8 GeV2 using this new technique. We find that eta G(eta) in this region can be described by eta G(eta) proportional to eta(lambda) with lambda = -0.87+/-0.09(stat.)+/-(0.32)(0.37)(sys.). We compare our results to expectations from various parametrizations of the parton distribution function and also to results from HERA. C1 UNIV FREIBURG,FREIBURG,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. KFKI RES INST PARTICLE & NUCL PHYS,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. ACAD MIN & MET,INST NUCL PHYS,KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,D-80805 MUNICH,GERMANY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT. RI Carroll, Timothy/B-6934-2009 NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 3 BP 391 EP 403 DI 10.1007/s002880050185 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VC874 UT WOS:A1996VC87400003 ER PT J AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R TI Phenomenology of charm and bottom production SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; HADRON HADRON-COLLISIONS; YAN K-FACTOR; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; GLUON PLASMA; DRELL-YAN; CROSS-SECTION; ORDER; HADROPRODUCTION AB We discuss the renormalization and factorization scale dependence of charm and bottom production both at fixed-target energies and at present and future colliders. We investigate whether distributions calculable at leading order can be extrapolated to next-to-leading order by a constant multiplicative factor. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 3 BP 475 EP 481 DI 10.1007/s002880050193 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VC874 UT WOS:A1996VC87400011 ER PT J AU Ally, MR Braunstein, J AF Ally, MR Braunstein, J TI Activity coefficients in concentrated electrolytes: A comparison of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model with experimental values SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; EXCESS GIBBS ENERGY; OSMOTIC COEFFICIENTS; MINERAL SOLUBILITIES; THERMODYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; PREDICTION; PRESSURES; WATER; TEMPERATURES AB Electrolyte mean ionic activity coefficients, gamma(+/-), are calculated from the Stokes-Robinson application of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption model for seven electrolytes (NaOH, HCl, KOH, CaCl2, LiCl, LiBr and Ca(NO2)(3)). Only two model parameters are needed, which are derived from water vapor pressure measurements. Results were compared with experimental mean ionic activity coefficients (gamma(+/-)). Because the standard state for the BET model is the anhydrous electrolyte rather than the infinitely dilute solution, it is necessary to adjust for the differing standard states by comparing the BET and experimental gamma(+/-) values at one 'anchoring' concentration. The higher this 'anchoring' concentration, the better is the agreement between the BET and experimental mean ionic activity coefficients over the entire concentration (molality, molkg(-1)) range except at the two extremes of nearly pure water and nearly pure electrolyte. This is because the BET model lacks a finite limit at infinite dilution, and the experimental data are referenced to the infinite dilute solution. The BET model is well-behaved and in good agreement with experimental data on gamma(+/-). C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM & ANALYT SERV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Ally, MR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 120 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 141 DI 10.1016/0378-3812(95)02977-X PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA UT569 UT WOS:A1996UT56900009 ER PT J AU Paulino, GH Gray, LJ Zarikian, V AF Paulino, GH Gray, LJ Zarikian, V TI Hypersingular residuals - A new approach for error estimation in the boundary element method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE residual estimates; singular and hypersingular residuals; error estimates; boundary element method; singular integrals; hypersingular integrals ID SUPERCONVERGENT PATCH RECOVERY; SINGULAR-INTEGRALS; RECENT EXPERIENCES; ADAPTIVITY; INDICATORS; ALGORITHM AB This paper presents a new approach for a posteriori 'pointwise' error estimation in the boundary element method. The estimator relies upon evaluation of the residual of hypersingular integral equations, and is therefore intrinsic to the boundary integral equation approach. A methodology is developed for approximating the error on the boundary as well as in the interior of the domain. Extensive computational experiments have been performed for the two-dimensional Laplace equation and the numerical results indicate that the error estimates successfully track the form bf the exact error curve. Moreover, a reasonable estimate of the magnitude of the actual error is also predicted. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CENT FLORIDA,DEPT MATH,ORLANDO,FL 32816. RP Paulino, GH (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,SCH CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. RI Paulino, Glaucio/A-2426-2008 NR 57 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 12 BP 2005 EP 2029 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19960630)39:12<2005::AID-NME940>3.0.CO;2-D PG 25 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA UT384 UT WOS:A1996UT38400002 ER PT J AU Kheyfets, A Holz, DE Miller, WA AF Kheyfets, A Holz, DE Miller, WA TI The issue of time evolution in quantum gravity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article AB We discuss the relation between the concept. of time and the dynamic structure of quantum gravity. We briefly review the problems of time associated with the standard procedures of gravity quantization. By explicitly utilizing York's analysis of the geometrodynamic degrees of freedom, and imposing the constraints as expectation value equations, we describe a new procedure of gravity quantization. In particular, this ''minimally constrained canonical'' quantization procedure leads to a linear Schrodinger equation augmented by the super-Hamiltonian and supermomentum constraints imposed on expectation values. This approach supplies a description of time evolution in quantum geometrodynamics free from the standard problems of time associated with canonical approaches. Furthermore, the theory is applicable to the full theory of general relativity, without the need to impose symmetries or reduce dimensionality. Using this method we arrive at an analytic expression for the quantum evolution of the Kasner cosmology, as well as a numerically generated solution of the quantized Taub model. The key new feature of this approach is that we impose the constraints weakly - instead of the quantum-mechanical wave function satisfying the constraints exactly, it need only satisfy them on average. Thus the constraints only constrain the observables. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET ASTROPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Kheyfets, A (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,BOX 8205,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 11 IS 16 BP 2977 EP 3002 DI 10.1142/S0217751X96001450 PG 26 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UN259 UT WOS:A1996UN25900010 ER EF