FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wang, XL Hubbard, CR Spooner, S David, SA Rabin, BH Williamson, RL AF Wang, XL Hubbard, CR Spooner, S David, SA Rabin, BH Williamson, RL TI Mapping of the residual stress distribution in a brazed zirconia-iron joint SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE residual strain; zirconia; iron; neutron diffraction; brazed ceramic-metal joints AB Neutron diffraction was used to study the residual strain (stress) distribution in a zirconia-iron joint. The cylindrical specimen was obtained by brazing partially stabilized zirconia and cast iron disks sandwiched with a silver brazing alloy. The experimental data show that near the interface, the cast iron is mostly in tension while the zirconia is in compression, consistent with the thermal expansion mismatch between the two materials. At a given radius, the measured strains vary rapidly as a function of distance from the interface. Along the radial direction, however, the strains are almost constant over half of the radius. The experimentally determined residual strain distribution was compared with the results of a finite element analysis incorporating the effects of plastic deformation. The favorable agreement between the experimental data and the finite element calculations indicates that the residual stress distribution in brazed ceramic-metal joints can be reasonably understood within the framework of an elastic-plastic finite element model. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Wang, XL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 211 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)10056-3 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UX354 UT WOS:A1996UX35400006 ER PT J AU Ruano, OA Sherby, OD Wadsworth, J Wolfenstine, J AF Ruano, OA Sherby, OD Wadsworth, J Wolfenstine, J TI Rebuttal to ''in defense of diffusional creep'' SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE diffusional creep; denuded zones; grain-boundary sliding; fine grained copper ID RATE-CONTROLLING MECHANISM; INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURES; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; DENUDED ZONES; LOW STRESSES; HARPER-DORN; SUPERPLASTICITY; METALS; FLOW AB Rebuttals to the recent criticisms of Burton and Reynolds and of Greenwood to our papers challenging the existence of diffusional creep are presented and responses by us to the following specific areas are discussed. (1) Denuded zones, universally to be considered direct evidence for diffusional creep, are seen only under conditions where a high stress exponent (as opposed to a value of unity) is observed, indicating that diffusion-controlled dislocation creep is the operative deformation process. (2) The creep rate of fine-grained superplastic materials is invariably orders of magnitude greater than predicted by diffusional creep; in these cases? the deformation process has been established to be grain-boundary sliding accommodated by slip (GBS) rather than diffusional creep. (3) The creep behavior of fine-grained copper measured by Burton and Greenwood can be described by a diffusion-controlled dislocation creep mechanism at high stresses, by GBS at intermediate stresses, and by Hal per-Dorn creep at low stresses, with no clear evidence for diffusional creep. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Ruano, OA (reprint author), CSIC,CENIM,DEPT MET PHYS,AV GREGORIO AMO 8,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RI Ruano, Oscar/H-1835-2015 OI Ruano, Oscar/0000-0001-6368-986X NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 211 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)10090-3 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UX354 UT WOS:A1996UX35400008 ER PT J AU Wright, S Zhang, Y AF Wright, S Zhang, Y TI A superquadratic infeasible-interior-point method for linear complementarity problems SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article DE linear complementarity problems; path-following; infeasible-interior-point methods; superquadratic rates ID ALGORITHMS AB We consider a modification of a path-following infeasible-interior-point algorithm described by Wright, In the new algorithm, we attempt to improve each major iterate by reusing the coefficient matrix factors from the latest step, We show that the modified algorithm has similar theoretical global convergence properties to those of the earlier algorithm, while its asymptotic convergence rate can be made superquadratic by an appropriate parameter choice. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MATH & STAT,CATONSVILLE,MD 21228. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-5610 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 73 IS 3 BP 269 EP 289 DI 10.1007/BF02592215 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA UT542 UT WOS:A1996UT54200003 ER PT J AU Campbell, IH Davids, PS Ferraris, JP Hagler, TW Heller, CM Saxena, A Smith, DL AF Campbell, IH Davids, PS Ferraris, JP Hagler, TW Heller, CM Saxena, A Smith, DL TI Probing electronic state charging in organic electronic devices using electroabsorption spectroscopy SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE electronic state charging; devices; spectroscopy ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; POLY(2-METHOXY; POLYACETYLENE; POLYETHYLENE; VINYLENE); INTERFACE; SOLITONS AB In metal/organic-film/metal device structures with different metal contacts there is a built-in electrostatic potential at equilibrium due to the asymmetric contacts. At thermal equilibrium the electrochemical potential is constant across the device structure. The electrochemical potential can be divided into the sum of two parts, the electrostatic potential and the chemical potential. By measuring the built-in electrostatic potential change across a structure at equilibrium, one can determine the change in chemical potential across the structure. Measuring this built-in electrostatic potential for devices with different contact metals provides a way of changing the chemical potential (mu) in the organic material and identifying the values of mu at which charged excitations are populated. Such measurements can be used to gain information on the energy spectrum of intrinsic charged excitations, charged trap states and charged interface states. We apply an electroabsorption technique to measure the built-in potentials of metal/organic-film/metal structures fabricated from poly [2-methoxy,5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4 phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV), C-60-doped MEH-PPV, and 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) and discuss what is learned about the charged excitations in these materials from the results. C1 UNIV TEXAS,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Campbell, IH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Davids, Paul/D-1550-2010 NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 2 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(96)03689-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA VL363 UT WOS:A1996VL36300003 ER PT J AU Kivelson, SA Emery, VJ AF Kivelson, SA Emery, VJ TI Topological doping of correlated insulators SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE doping; insulators ID CONDUCTING POLYMERS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; POLYACETYLENE; CHARGE; MODEL; FLUCTUATIONS; MAGNETISM; DENSITY; SPINS; HOLES AB A material which is an insulator entirely because of interaction effects is called a correlated insulator. Examples are trans-polyacetylene and the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Whereas doping of a band insulator results in a shift of the chemical potential into the conduction or valence band, doping of a correlated insulator produces fundamental changes in the electronic density of states itself. We have found that a general feature of doping a correlated insulator is the generation of topological defects; solitons in one-dimension and anti-phase domain walls in higher dimensions. We review the well-known features of this process in polyacetylene, and describe the experimental evidence that the analogous features are seen in the cuprate superconductors. We also distinguish the case in which the doping-induced features can be viewed as a Fermi surface instability, as in polyacetylene, and the more usual case in which they are a consequence of a Coulomb frustrated electronic tendency to phase separation. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Kivelson, SA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 41 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUN 30 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(96)03696-X PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA VL363 UT WOS:A1996VL36300010 ER PT J AU Chopra, NG Ross, FM Zettle, A AF Chopra, NG Ross, FM Zettle, A TI Collapsing carbon nanotubes with an electron beam SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the first in situ study of the dynamical behavior of carbon nanotubes. We have used high energy electrons to collapse multi-walled tubes in an atomic resolution transmission electron microscope. Our video recorded observations show the real time dynamics of collapse of the tubular structure. We propose that the orientation dependent damage and channeling effects of the incident 800 keV electrons enable the multi-walled tube to flatten parallel to the flow of electrons. Evidence is seen for a zipper-like closure effect initiated by van der Waals interactions between the inner tube walls. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Chopra, NG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 3 BP 241 EP 245 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00475-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU718 UT WOS:A1996UU71800001 ER PT J AU Chang, BC Sears, TJ AF Chang, BC Sears, TJ TI Transient frequency-modulation absorption spectroscopy of free radicals in supersonic free jet expansions SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYPERFINE COUPLING-CONSTANTS; NH2 AB A new technique combining supersonic jet expansion and transient frequency-modulation absorption experiments has been successfully developed for spectroscopic investigations of free radicals. The (A) over tilde <-- (X) over tilde transition spectra of NH2 and HCCl at near-infrared wavelengths have been obtained using this technique for demonstration. In addition, a combination of temporal waveform acquisition and frequency scan using this new technique has produced interesting information on the velocity and density distributions of supersonic jet expansion systems. RP Chang, BC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 3 BP 288 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00449-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU718 UT WOS:A1996UU71800008 ER PT J AU Beck, KM German, KAH Hess, WP AF Beck, KM German, KAH Hess, WP TI Thermal state distributions deduced from (2+1) resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of CO SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; 2-PHOTON; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION AB We have recently compared the (2 + 1) resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization spectra of neutral CO products desorbed from CaCO3 following pulsed UV excitation with those obtained from thermal (295 K) CO samples under similar low pressure and identical ionization conditions. As a result of this investigation, we have concluded that fitting the unresolved B-X (0-0) Q-band may lead to spurious temperature assignments with erroneous 'hotter' temperatures Delta T>60 K assigned for product state distributions. Conversely, partially resolved Doppler-limited spectra are found to allow temperature assignments to within 10 K. This discrepancy may arise from line strength perturbation phenomena. C1 XEROX CORP, WEBSTER, NY 14580 USA. RP Beck, KM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 3 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00447-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU718 UT WOS:A1996UU71800010 ER PT J AU Doskey, PV Costanza, MS Hansen, MC Kickels, WT AF Doskey, PV Costanza, MS Hansen, MC Kickels, WT TI Solid sorbent method for the collection and analysis of volatile halogenated organic compounds in soil gas SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE soil gas; sampling methods; environmental analysis; volatile organic compounds; halogenated compounds; tetrachloromethane; trichloromethane ID NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; AIR; POLLUTANTS AB A solid sorbent technique was developed to measure volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOCs) in soil gas. The VHOCs were preconcentrated onto graphitized carbon black (Carbotrap) and analyzed by thermal desorption/high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. The method detection limit (MDL) for trichloromethane (CHCl3) and tetrachloromethane (CCl4) in soil gas was approximately 1 mu g m(-3) for a 60-ml sample volume. A thermal-desorption temperature of 200 degrees C was sufficient to recover more than 90% of the VHOCs from the sorbent. Breakthrough volumes for CHCl3 and CCl4 were at least 1000 ml when soil gas was drawn through the sample cartridge at a rate of 30 ml min(-1). Sorbent cartridges stored at 20 degrees C were sufficiently stable for at least 30 days. Application of the method in the field indicated that the measured concentration of VHOCs in soil-gas monitoring wells was sensitive to the volume of soil gas that was withdrawn. RP Doskey, PV (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM RES, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 738 IS 1 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(96)00079-9 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UX167 UT WOS:A1996UX16700007 ER PT J AU Shapiro, DB Esquerra, RM Goldbeck, RA Ballas, SK Mohandas, N Kliger, DS AF Shapiro, DB Esquerra, RM Goldbeck, RA Ballas, SK Mohandas, N Kliger, DS TI A study of the mechanisms of slow religation to sickle cell hemoglobin polymers following laser photolysis SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sickle cell hemoglobin; time resolved linear dichroism; polymerization; kinetics; laser photolysis ID SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION; LIGAND-BINDING; KINETICS; POLYMERIZATION; GELATION AB Time-resolved linear dichroism (TRLD) measurements are conducted on gels of sickle cell hemoglobin following laser photolysis of the carbonyl adduct to monitor religation kinetics to hemoglobin S polymers. The return of the polymer phase to its equilibrium ligation state has been found to be about 1000 times slower than that of the solution phase hemoglobin tetramers. Several mechanisms describing this slow religation to the polymer were proposed: (1) religation occurs through a biomolecular process involving all polymer hemes, (2) religation occurs through a bimolecular process in which only hemoglobin molecules at the polymer ends can participate, and (3) religation occurs through the exchange of ligated hemoglobin molecules in the monomer phase with unligated ones in the polymer phase. To test these mechanisms, measurements are performed on gels having different domain sizes. The results show no relation between domain size and religation kinetics. The independence of religation kinetics and domain size is most consistent with the first of the three mechanisms described above (bimolecular recombination involving all polymer hemes). This result is discussed in terms of a model in which diffusion of the ligand is inhibited in the polymer phase. An understanding of the ligand binding kinetics of sickle hemoglobin polymers could have pathophysiological significance in its relevance to polymer formation and melting during red blood cell circulation. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,DEPT MED,CARDEZA FDN HEMATOL RES,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [F32HL08969, HL31579]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM35158] NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 259 IS 5 BP 947 EP 956 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0372 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UU892 UT WOS:A1996UU89200008 PM 8683597 ER PT J AU Huynen, MA Neumann, AU AF Huynen, MA Neumann, AU TI Rate of killing of HIV-infected T cells and disease progression SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Huynen, MA (reprint author), SANTA FE INST,1399 HYDE PK RD,SANTA FE,NM 87505, USA. RI Huynen, Martijn/A-1530-2014 NR 7 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 5270 BP 1962 EP 1962 DI 10.1126/science.272.5270.1962 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV294 UT WOS:A1996UV29400059 PM 8658174 ER PT J AU Borovsky, JE AF Borovsky, JE TI Magnetospheric physics - The lights shineth in darkness SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELECTRIC-FIELDS; AURORAL ARCS; IONOSPHERE; POTENTIALS; FLUXES RP Borovsky, JE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 381 IS 6585 BP 739 EP 740 DI 10.1038/381739a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UU356 UT WOS:A1996UU35600036 ER PT J AU Pichowsky, MA Lee, TSH AF Pichowsky, MA Lee, TSH TI Pomeron exchange and exclusive electroproduction of rho-mesons in QCD SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Pomeron; p-meson electroproduction; Dyson-Schwinger equations; confinement; nonperturbative QCD phenomenology ID MUON-PROTON-SCATTERING AB A Pomeron-exchange model of exclusive electroproduction of rho-mesons is examined using a dressed-quark propagator. It is shown that by representing the photon-rho-meson-Pomeron coupling by a nonperturbative, confined-quark loop, one obtains predictions for rho-meson electroproduction that are in good agreement with experiment. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00440-6 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UW433 UT WOS:A1996UW43300001 ER PT J AU Bartels, J Lotter, H Wusthoff, M AF Bartels, J Lotter, H Wusthoff, M TI Quark-antiquark production in DIS diffractive dissociation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; QCD; POMERON AB We calculate the cross section for the production of two jets with large transverse momenta k(2) in DIS diffractive dissociation for both transverse and longitudinally polarized photons. The scale which defines the hardness of the pomeron is found to be k(2) Q(2)+M(2)/M(2). We present analytic expressions and discuss numerical results relevant for the diffractive dissociation at HERA. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP UNIV HAMBURG, INST THEORET PHYS 2, LURUPER CHAUSSEE 149, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. NR 38 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 1-4 BP 239 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00412-1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UW433 UT WOS:A1996UW43300036 ER PT J AU Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, L Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Costa, I Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Engelfried, J Fernandez, A Gagnon, P Gerzon, S Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kondakis, N Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lichtenstadt, J Lundberg, B Manacero, A MayTalBeck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Milburn, RH deMiranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A dOliveira, AB OShaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dosReis, AC Rubin, HA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Smith, JG Sokoloff, MD Stanton, NR Sugano, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S WeissBabai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C AF Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, L Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Costa, I Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Engelfried, J Fernandez, A Gagnon, P Gerzon, S Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kondakis, N Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lichtenstadt, J Lundberg, B Manacero, A MayTalBeck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Milburn, RH deMiranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A dOliveira, AB OShaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dosReis, AC Rubin, HA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Smith, JG Sokoloff, MD Stanton, NR Sugano, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S WeissBabai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C TI Mass splitting and production of Sigma(0)(c) and Sigma(++)(c) measured in 500GeV pi(-)-N interactions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; HADRON MASSES; BARYONS; CHROMODYNAMICS AB From a sample of 2722+/-78 Lambda(c)(+) decaying to the pK(-)pi(+) final state, we have observed, in the hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab, 143+/-20 Sigma(c)(0) and 122+/-18 Sigma(c)(++) through their decays to Lambda(c)(+)pi(+/-). The mass difference M(Sigma(c)(0)) - M(Lambda(c)(+)) is measured to be (167.38+/-0.29+/-1.15) MeV; for M(Sigma(c)(++)) - M(Lambda(c)(+)), we find (167.76+/-0.29+/-0.15) MeV. The rare of Lambda(c)(+) production from decays of the Sigma(c) tripler is (22+/-2+/-3)% of the total Lambda(c)(+) production assuming equal rate of production from all three, as measured for Sigma(c)(0) and Sigma(c)(++). We do not observe a statistically significant Sigma(c), baryon-antibaryon production asymmetry. The x(F) and p(t)(2) spectra of Lambda(c)(+) from Sigma(c) decays are observed to be similar to those for all Lambda(c)(+)'s produced. C1 CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. CINVESTAV IPN,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IIT,CHICAGO,IL 60616. KANSAS STATE UNIV,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. UNIV AUTONOMA PUEBLA,PUEBLA 72570,MEXICO. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. TEL AVIV UNIV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Aitala, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. RI Manacero, Aleardo/D-3941-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013 OI Manacero, Aleardo/0000-0002-4581-7482; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 1-4 BP 292 EP 298 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00471-6 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UW433 UT WOS:A1996UW43300044 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Chapkin, M Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Neilsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Rybin, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tcherniaev, E Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, Z Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Chapkin, M Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Nemecek, S Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Neilsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Rybin, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tcherniaev, E Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, Z Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI First measurement of f'(2)(1525) production in Z(0) hadronic decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; J-PSI; STATES; K+K AB The inclusive production of the f(2)'(1525) in hadronic Z(0) decays has been studied in data collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP. The Ring Imaging Cherenkov detectors were important tools in the identification of the decay f(2)'(1525) --> K+K-. The average number of f(2)(')(1525) produced per hadronic Z decay, [f(2)'] = 0.020 +/- 0.005 (stat) +/- 0.006 (syst), and the momentum distribution of the f(2)'(1525) have both been measured. The mass and width of the f(2)'(1525) are found to be [M(f2)'] = 1535 +/- 5 (stat) +/- 4 (syst) MeV/c(2). [Gamma(f2)'] = 60 +/- 20 (stat) +/- 19 (syst) MeV/c(2) C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS ULP,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,INST PHYS,FZU,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CR-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. SEFT,RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. LIP,IST,FCUL,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,INPL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,MFF,NUCL CTR,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UC,CSIC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. FED UNIV RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,MADRID,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. WARSAW UNIV,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), INST SUPER TECN,LIP,FCUL,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1O,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/G-3453-2016; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; de Paula, Leandro/I-9278-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/0000-0002-3685-0635; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Paula, Leandro/0000-0002-4984-7734; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Bonesini, Maurizio/0000-0001-5119-1896; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 1-4 BP 309 EP 318 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00557-6 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UW433 UT WOS:A1996UW43300046 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Alhemed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Masestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hurbec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalcoha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katargin, A Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Kovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Perevozchikov, V Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszyzynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojcic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, G Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skalli, TB Smadja, G Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sokolov, A Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Taberelli, T Tavernet, JP Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVeide, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDininck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, Z Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Alhemed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Belous, K Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Masestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gerdyukov, L Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hurbec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalcoha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katargin, A Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Kovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Kostioukhine, V Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Lapin, V Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Perevozchikov, V Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszyzynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojcic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, G Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skalli, TB Smadja, G Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sokolov, A Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Taberelli, T Tavernet, JP Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVeide, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDininck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, Z Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Kaon interference in the hadronic decays of the Z(0) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; INTERFEROMETRY; COLLISIONS; PHYSICS; GEV/C; Z0 AB The first measurement of like-sign charged kaon correlations in hadronic decays of the Z(0) is presented, based on data collected by the DELPHI detector. The charged kaons are identified by means of ring imaging Cherenkov detectors. A significant enhancement at small values of the four-momentum difference is observed in the ratio of like-sign to unlike-sign KK pairs and in the ratio of like-sign pairs to a simulated reference sample. An update of the measurement of (KSKS0)-K-0 interference is also presented. An enhancement is found in the production of pairs of K-S(0) of similar momenta, as compared with a simulated reference sample. The measured Bose-Einstein correlation parameters lambda and r are similar for charged and neutral kaon pairs. The value of the Bose-Einstein correlation strength A is consistent with unity. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,ULP,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,FZU,INST PHYS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CR-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. SEFT,RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,MFF,NUCL CTR,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UC,CSIC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. WARSAW UNIV,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), LIP,IST,FCUL,AV ELIAS GARCIA,14-1 O,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; de Paula, Leandro/I-9278-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; OI Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Paula, Leandro/0000-0002-4984-7734; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Bonesini, Maurizio/0000-0001-5119-1896; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480 NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 27 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 1-4 BP 330 EP 340 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00572-2 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UW433 UT WOS:A1996UW43300048 ER PT J AU Dale, EC Yang, XL Moore, SK Shyamala, G AF Dale, EC Yang, XL Moore, SK Shyamala, G TI Cloning and characterization of the promoter for murine 84-kDa heat-shock protein SO GENE LA English DT Article DE HSP-90; HSE; stress regulatory elements; transcription factors ID DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION; GENE; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCE; ELEMENT; FAMILY; HSP82; CELLS AB The 90-kDa heat-shock (HS) proteins (HSP90) are members of the HSP family. Their synthesis is inducible by HS and a variety of stress signals. HSP90 is also abundant under normal physiological conditions and its synthesis can be regulated during growth and differentiation. Therefore, HSP90 is speculated to have important biological functions, in addition to its role in mediating stress responses. However, the mechanism(s) regulating hsp90 gene expression in nonstressed cells is poorly understood. As a prerequisite towards understanding the basis for hsp90 regulation, we have cloned and characterized the 5' flanking region of murine hsp84, one of two genes which code for HSP90 proteins. Full basal promoter activity of hsp84 was found to be associated with a 627-bp region immediately upstream from the transcription start point (tsp). Sequence analysis revealed several putative regulatory elements, including a HS element (HSE), an AP1-binding site (AP1), a cyclic AMP response element (CRE), and four stimulatory protein-1-binding sites (SP1). HS inducibility required the HSE which was bound by HS transcription factor-1 (HSF-l) present in extracts prepared from cells exposed to HS. The HSE was not required for basal (non-HS) expression, but, interestingly, two protein-HSE complexes, devoid of HSF-1 and HSF-2, were formed under these conditions. The potential significance of these findings to the expression of hsp84 under normal physiological conditions is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. US FDA,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA54828] NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUN 26 PY 1996 VL 172 IS 2 BP 279 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(96)00191-6 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UU734 UT WOS:A1996UU73400018 PM 8682317 ER PT J AU Glendening, ED Feller, D AF Glendening, ED Feller, D TI An ab initio investigation of the structure and alkaline earth divalent cation selectivity of 18-crown-6 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CROWN-ETHER COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; FREE-ENERGY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; METAL CATIONS; STABILITY; IONS; CONFORMATION; LANTHANIDES AB We present an ab initio, quantum mechanical study of 18-crown-6 (18c6) and its interaction with the alkaline earth dications Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, and Ru2+. Geometries, binding energies, and binding enthalpies are evaluated at the restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) and second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) levels of theory using the 6-31+G* basis set and relativistic effective core potentials. The affinity of 18c6 for the dications is considerable, ranging from 150-300 kcal mol(-1). The cation-18c6 interaction arises principally from the electrostatic interaction of the dication with the nucleophilic ether backbone and from the polarization of the crown ether by the electric field of the dication. Whereas Ba2+ selectivity is observed for 18c6 in aqueous environments, our calculations clearly show that the crown ether in fact binds Mg2+ most strongly in gas phase. Thus, solvation effects appear to strongly influence cation selectivity. Indeed, Ba2+ selectivity is recovered when we consider the competition of the solvent and 18c6 molecules for the dications using a simple cation exchange reaction. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. INDIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TERRE HAUTE,IN 47809. NR 61 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 26 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 25 BP 6052 EP 6059 DI 10.1021/ja960469n PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UU126 UT WOS:A1996UU12600026 ER PT J AU Hanprasopwattana, A Srinivasan, S Sault, AG Datye, AK AF Hanprasopwattana, A Srinivasan, S Sault, AG Datye, AK TI Titania coatings on monodisperse silica spheres (characterization using 2-propanol dehydration and TEM) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; OXIDE; CATALYSTS; HEMATITE; POWDERS; TIO2 AB Titania coatings ranging from sub-monolayer to approximate to 7 nm thick have been deposited on silica by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide precursors. Nonporous model silica particles of spherical shape were used as the support for titania. The ratio of titanium alkoxide to water and the dilution of the reactant mixture in ethanol control the nature of the coating. If the alkoxide concentration is too high, precipitation of second-phase titania particles occurs rather than a uniform coating. On the other hand, higher water concentrations led to aggregated spheres being connected with titania necks. Isolated silica spheres with uniform coatings of titania are obtained when the alkoxide concentration is kept low. The samples were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. 2-Propanol dehydration was used as a probe reaction, since it was found that reactivity for propene formation is directly correlated with anatase surface area. Using this correlation, the effective titania surface area of each sample could be derived. However, it was found that the correlation does not work for titania/silica samples heated to temperatures less than 673 K, since the titania remains amorphous. Hence a 773 K calcination was used to convert the titania to anatase before deriving effective titania surface areas. Agreement between the BET surface area and the effective titania surface area implies that complete coverage of the silica has been achieved in our study. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI 罗, 春香/G-5583-2011; OI Datye, Abhaya/0000-0002-7126-8659 NR 20 TC 124 Z9 129 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 26 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 13 BP 3173 EP 3179 DI 10.1021/la950808a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA UU527 UT WOS:A1996UU52700012 ER PT J AU Frantz, P Agrait, N Salmeron, M AF Frantz, P Agrait, N Salmeron, M TI Use of capacitance to measure surface forces .1. Measuring distance of separation with enhanced spatial and time resolution SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID THIN LIQUID-FILMS; SMOOTH SURFACES; 2 SURFACES; APPARATUS; DRAINAGE AB We describe a simple method to measure the separation and forces between two macroscopic surfaces mounted in a crossed cylinder arrangement. It is shown that by measuring the capacitance between silver layers deposited on the backside of thin mica substrates, it is possible to achieve spatial resolution of less than 0.1 nm and time resolution of 1 ms. The growth of capacitance with decreasing distance of separation follows the predicted dependence for an ideal sphere and plate capacitor. To demonstrate the capability of obtaining force-distance profiles with this technique, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) has been confined between the mica sheets. We find that the process of collapse of the confined liquid, from four molecular layers to three, occurs more rapidly than 1 ms. This technique is also shown to give excellent results for opaque surfaces used in the surface forces apparatus (SFA), and we show that the adhesion energy between two surfaces of oxidized silicon is 3 mJ/m(2). Applications of this technique to the study of contact mechanics and dielectric properties of confined materials are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Agrait, Nicolas/D-9048-2014 OI Agrait, Nicolas/0000-0003-4840-5851 NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 26 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 13 BP 3289 EP 3294 DI 10.1021/la960014b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA UU527 UT WOS:A1996UU52700030 ER PT J AU Carpick, RW Agrait, N Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Carpick, RW Agrait, N Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Variation of the interfacial shear strength and adhesion of a nanometer-sized contact SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; LIQUID-FILMS; SURFACES; FORCES; TRANSITION; SLIPPAGE; ENERGY AB We observe that the frictional force between a platinum-coated atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and the surface of mica in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) varies with load in proportion to the contact area predicted by the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory (Proc. R. Sec. London, Ser. A 1971, 324, 301) of adhesive elastic contacts. Using the JKR theory, the interfacial adhesion energy and shear strength can be determined. During the experiment, the tip-sample adhesion unexpectedly decreased by more than one order of magnitude, as did the measured frictional forces. These changes were induced by scanning the tip in contact with the mica sample. We attribute the substantial friction and adhesion decreases to changes of the interface, either structural or chemical, as opposed to changes in bulk structure or properties. The interfacial adhesion energy, gamma, dropped by more than one order of magnitude while the shear strength, tau, decreased to a lesser extent. Our observations indicate that, for a platinum-coated tip on mica, tau proportional to gamma(0.44). This is a new observation of a relation between adhesion and friction and is not explained by existing theories. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Agrait, Nicolas/D-9048-2014 OI Agrait, Nicolas/0000-0003-4840-5851 NR 44 TC 191 Z9 193 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 26 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 13 BP 3334 EP 3340 DI 10.1021/la9509007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA UU527 UT WOS:A1996UU52700036 ER PT J AU Hong, M Schmidt-Rohr, K Zimmermann, H AF Hong, M Schmidt-Rohr, K Zimmermann, H TI Conformational constraints on the headgroup and sn-2 chain of bilayer DMPC from NMR dipolar couplings SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FATTY ACYL CHAINS; HEAD-GROUP; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE BILAYERS; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MEMBRANE STRUCTURE; LIPID BILAYERS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEUTERIUM AB This paper presents new NMR constraints on the conformation of the headgroup, glycerol backbone, and sn-2 chain of 1,2-dimyristoyl-m-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) in the liquid-crystalline bilayer. Using two-dimensional C-13-H-1 chemical shift correlation spectroscopy, we find significant dipolar couplings between the carboxyl carbon CO2 and the headgroup protons. This indicates that a conformation in which the DMPC headgroup and the beginning of the sn-2 chain bend toward each other is significantly populated in the fluid bilayer. The predominance of this headgroup orientation can be further confirmed by P-31-C-13 dipolar couplings from the literature, which constrain the glycerol G2-G3 torsion angle to be close to trans, excluding a significant presence of one of the two conformations found in the DMPC crystal. Combining and reexamining 20 known NMR couplings for the glycerol backbone and its adjacent segments of L(alpha)-DMPC, we find that several torsion angles and bond orientations in the core of the DMPC molecule are constrained severely and must differ from those in the crystal structure. We propose a consistent molecular model for phosphocholine lipids in the liquid-crystalline phase, with a rigid backbone in the core of the molecule, a bent-back headgroup, and increasing mobility toward the ends of the acyl chains and the headgroup. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, DEPT POLYMER SCI & ENGN, AMHERST, MA 01003 USA. MPI MED FORSCH, ARBEITSGRP MOL KRISTALLE, D-69120 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. RP Hong, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 25 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 25 BP 8335 EP 8341 DI 10.1021/bi953083i PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UU195 UT WOS:A1996UU19500032 PM 8679591 ER PT J AU Ha, T Enderle, T Ogletree, DF Chemla, DS Selvin, PR Weiss, S AF Ha, T Enderle, T Ogletree, DF Chemla, DS Selvin, PR Weiss, S TI Probing the interaction between two single molecules: Fluorescence resonance energy transfer between a single donor and a single acceptor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY AB We extend the sensitivity of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to the single molecule level by measuring energy transfer between a single donor fluorophore and a single acceptor fluorophore. Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is used to obtain simultaneous dual color images and emission spectra from donor and acceptor fluorophores linked by a short DNA molecule. Photodestruction dynamics of the donor or acceptor are used to determine the presence and efficiency of energy transfer, The classical equations used to measure energy transfer on ensembles of fluorophores are modified for single-molecule measurements. In contrast to ensemble measurements, dynamic events on a molecular scale are observable in single pair FRET measurements because they are not canceled out by random averaging, Monitoring conformational changes, such as rotations and distance changes on a nanometer scale, within single biological macromolecules, may be possible with single pair FRET. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, INST MOLEC DESIGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM 41911] NR 18 TC 681 Z9 700 U1 19 U2 226 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 25 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 13 BP 6264 EP 6268 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6264 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UU367 UT WOS:A1996UU36700010 PM 8692803 ER PT J AU Choquette, KD Chow, WW Crawford, MH Geib, KM Schneider, RP AF Choquette, KD Chow, WW Crawford, MH Geib, KM Schneider, RP TI Threshold investigation of oxide-confined vertical-cavity laser diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report an experimental and theoretical analysis of the threshold properties of infrared oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers. We find good agreement between experiment and theory on the wavelength dependencies of the threshold current density and intrinsic voltage. The threshold voltage is shown to equal the sum of the calculated quasi-Fermi energy separation and the ohmic drop arising from a record low 17 to 30 Omega series resistance in these vertical-cavity lasers. Our analysis provides two independent means for determining the material threshold gain. A threshold gain of 500 cm(-1) is found for these oxide-confined lasers, which is half that estimated for ion-implanted lasers with inferior electrical and optical confinement. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Choquette, KD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 26 BP 3689 EP 3691 DI 10.1063/1.115744 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT481 UT WOS:A1996UT48100005 ER PT J AU Penetrante, BM Hsiao, MC Merritt, BT Vogtlin, GE Wallman, PH Neiger, M Wolf, O Hammer, T Broer, S AF Penetrante, BM Hsiao, MC Merritt, BT Vogtlin, GE Wallman, PH Neiger, M Wolf, O Hammer, T Broer, S TI Pulsed corona and dielectric-barrier discharge processing of NO in N-2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT DISSOCIATION AB Experimental results on pulsed corona and dielectric-barrier discharge processing of very dilute concentrations of NO in N-2 are presented. These NO reduction experiments measure the G value for electron-impact dissociation of N-2 and are used to infer the effective electron mean energy in an N-2 discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure. The data have been obtained from three different laboratories using widely differing electrode structures, voltage wave forms, power measurements, and chemical analyses. The NO reduction yields from the discharge reactors tested are all similar, corresponding to an electron mean energy of 4.0+/-0.5 eV. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV KARLSRUHE,LIGHTING TECHNOL INST,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. SIEMENS AG,RES CTR,PLASMA & SWITCHING TECHNOL,D-91050 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. RP Penetrante, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 11 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 26 BP 3719 EP 3721 DI 10.1063/1.115984 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT481 UT WOS:A1996UT48100015 ER PT J AU Oden, PI Chen, GY Steele, RA Warmack, RJ Thundat, T AF Oden, PI Chen, GY Steele, RA Warmack, RJ Thundat, T TI Viscous drag measurements utilizing microfabricated cantilevers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The influence of viscous drag forces on cantilevers is investigated using standard atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers, Viscosity effects on several geometrically different cantilevers manifest themselves as variations in resonance frequencies, quality factors, and cantilever response amplitudes. With this novel measurement, a single cantilever can be used to measure viscosities ranging from eta=10(-2) to 10(2) g/cm s. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Oden, PI (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 26 BP 3814 EP 3816 DI 10.1063/1.116626 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT481 UT WOS:A1996UT48100047 ER PT J AU Fortner, JA Buck, EC AF Fortner, JA Buck, EC TI The chemistry of the light rare-earth elements as determined by electron energy loss spectroscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION AB The energy loss spectra of the rare earths an characterized by sharp M(4,5) edges, the relative intensities of which are characteristic of the 4f-shell occupancy of the excited ion. For the light rare earths, the dependence of these relative peak heights on 4f-shell occupancy is quite pronounced. Thus they may be used to determine the oxidation state of the multivalent elements Ce and Pr. The second derivative of the spectrum is shown to be extremely sensitive to the chemical environment, Modem instrumentation and detection techniques allow the oxidation state of Ce and Pr to be determined even when they are present as only minor constituents. RP Fortner, JA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Buck, Edgar/D-4288-2009; Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 26 BP 3817 EP 3819 DI 10.1063/1.116627 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT481 UT WOS:A1996UT48100048 ER PT J AU Charlebois, RL Gaasterland, T Ragan, MA Doolittle, WF Sensen, CW AF Charlebois, RL Gaasterland, T Ragan, MA Doolittle, WF Sensen, CW TI The Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 genome project SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Archaea; genome sequencing; Sulfolobus solfataricus; thermophilic Crenarchaeota ID ACIDOCALDARIUS; MAP AB Over 800 kbp of the 3-Mbp genome of Sulfolobus solfataricus have been sequenced to date, Our approach is to sequence subclones of mapped cosmids, followed by sequencing directly on cosmid templates with custom primers, Using a prototype automated system for genome-scale analysis, known as MAGPIE, along with other toots, we have discovered one open reading frame of at least 100 amino acids per kbp of sequence, and have been able to associate 50% of these with known genes through database searches, An examination of completely sequenced cosmids suggests a clustering of genes by function in the S, solfataricus genome. C1 UNIV OTTAWA,DEPT BIOL,OTTAWA,ON K1N 6N5,CANADA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT COMP SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,INST MARINE BIOSCI,HALIFAX,NS B3H 3Z1,CANADA. DALHOUSIE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,HALIFAX,NS B3H 4H7,CANADA. RP Charlebois, RL (reprint author), UNIV OTTAWA,PROGRAM EVOLUT BIOL,CANADIAN INST ADV RES,30 MARIE CURIE,OTTAWA,ON K1N 6N5,CANADA. RI Sensen, Christoph/C-1798-2013; Ragan, Mark/A-9825-2014 OI Sensen, Christoph/0000-0001-9604-8962; Ragan, Mark/0000-0003-1672-7020 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 389 IS 1 BP 88 EP 91 DI 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00525-X PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA UU737 UT WOS:A1996UU73700020 PM 8682213 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abe, K Abt, I Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bashindzhagyan, GL Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavalliSforza, M Chou, A Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG Crawford, G DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dervan, PJ Dima, M Dong, DN Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Etzion, E Falciai, D Fan, C Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasan, A Hasegawa, Y Hasuko, K Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWGS Lia, V Liu, MX Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, D Nagamine, T Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schumm, BA Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Sherden, DJ Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Trandafir, AI Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Valla, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhou, J AF Abe, K Abe, K Abt, I Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bashindzhagyan, GL Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavalliSforza, M Chou, A Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG Crawford, G DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dervan, PJ Dima, M Dong, DN Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Etzion, E Falciai, D Fan, C Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasan, A Hasegawa, Y Hasuko, K Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWGS Lia, V Liu, MX Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, D Nagamine, T Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schumm, BA Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Sherden, DJ Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Trandafir, AI Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Valla, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhou, J TI First study of rapidity gaps in e(+)e(-) annihilation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID E+E ANNIHILATION; INTERMITTENCY; ENERGIES; DECAYS; JETS; Z0 AB We present the first study of rapidity gaps in e(+)e(-) annihilations, using Z(0) decays collected by the SLAG Linear Collider Large Detector experiment. Our measured rapidity gap spectra fall exponentially with increasing gap size over five decades, and we observe no anomalous class of events containing large gaps. This supports the interpretation of the large-gap events measured in and ep collisions in terms of exchange of color-singlet objects. The presence of heavy flavors or additional jets does not affect these conclusions. C1 UNIV OREGON, EUGENE, OR 97403 USA. ADELPHI UNIV, GARDEN CITY, NY 11530 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ BOLOGNA, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. BRUNEL UNIV, UXBRIDGE UB8 3PH, MIDDX, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, PASADENA, CA 93106 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV CINCINNATI, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. COLORADO STATE UNIV, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA. UNIV FERRARA, I-44100 FERRARA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ FERRARA, I-44100 FERRARA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST, MA 01003 USA. UNIV MISSISSIPPI, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW 119899, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ PADOVA, I-35100 PADUA, ITALY. UNIV PADUA, I-35100 PADUA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PISA, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, SEZ PISA, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. SOGANG UNIV, SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. VANDERBILT UNIV, NASHVILLE, TN 37235 USA. TOHOKU UNIV, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YALE UNIV, NEW HAVEN, CT 06511 USA. UNIV GENOA, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. RP Abe, K (reprint author), NAGOYA UNIV, CHIKUSA KU, NAGOYA, AICHI 464, JAPAN. RI de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; de Simone, Patrizia/J-3549-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; pieroni, enrico/0000-0002-4246-6963; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 26 BP 4886 EP 4890 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4886 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT408 UT WOS:A1996UT40800005 ER PT J AU Shi, ZP Zhang, ZY Swan, AK Wendelken, JF AF Shi, ZP Zhang, ZY Swan, AK Wendelken, JF TI Dimer shearing as a novel mechanism for cluster diffusion and dissociation on metal (100) surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Using bond-counting arguments and embedded-atom calculations, we establish the crucial importance of dimer shearing in metal (100) submonolayer epitaxy. This process provides the easiest pathway for diffusion of compact clusters of sizes 4, 6, and 8, and introduces a rich variety of localized cluster dynamics.-A combination of the dimer shear motion and the traditional mechanism of sequential motion of individual atoms provides a better interpretation of the oscillatory behavior of cluster mobility with cluster size. This combination also defines a new set of critical cluster sizes that are likely to be selected in epitaxial growth. RP Shi, ZP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 26 BP 4927 EP 4930 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4927 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT408 UT WOS:A1996UT40800015 ER PT J AU Wong, CY AF Wong, CY TI Suppression of psi' and J/psi in high-energy heavy-ion collisions (vol 76, pg 196, 1996) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Wong, CY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 26 BP 4987 EP 4987 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4987 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT408 UT WOS:A1996UT40800030 ER PT J AU Sengupta, B Curtiss, LA Miller, JR AF Sengupta, B Curtiss, LA Miller, JR TI Electron binding energy and long-range electronic coupling: A theoretical study SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THROUGH-BOND INTERACTIONS; DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; ORBITAL INTERACTIONS; PATHWAY ANALYSIS; ABINITIO; CHAINS; MOLECULES; SYSTEMS; BRIDGES; SPACERS AB Electronic couplings in long-range electron transfer have been calculated using ab initio molecular orbital theory to investigate the effect of the binding energy of the electron on the decay of through-space and through-bond couplings. Through-space and through-bond couplings for anions and cations of the CF3 dimer and of CnH2n and CnF2n chains were calculated by ab initio molecular orbital theory. The anions and cations provide systems for which the electron binding energies, B-e, differ by about a factor of 10. Through-space couplings decay exponentially, exp(-beta R), with increasing distance, R, between the donor/acceptor carbon atoms. The decay coefficient beta varies approximately as B-e(1/2). In contrast, the decay coefficients for through-bond coupling in CnF2n and CnH2n chains are not affected significantly by the binding energy of the electron. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Sengupta, B (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 24 BP 9888 EP 9896 DI 10.1063/1.471753 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UR692 UT WOS:A1996UR69200023 ER PT J AU Deaven, DM Tit, N Morris, JR Ho, KM AF Deaven, DM Tit, N Morris, JR Ho, KM TI Structural optimization of Lennard-Jones clusters by a genetic algorithm SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMS AB We use a newly-developed genetic algorithm to determine the lowest energy atomic configurations of 2-100 atoms in the Lennard-Jones potential. Our method, which contains no bias to specific symmetries, yields structures which are identical to or are lower in energy than all previously published structures. C1 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AL AIN,U ARAB EMIRATES. RP Deaven, DM (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI UF, MDO/G-8720-2012; Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 13 TC 198 Z9 206 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 256 IS 1-2 BP 195 EP 200 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU679 UT WOS:A1996UU67900031 ER PT J AU Makhankov, VG Granados, MA Makhankov, AV AF Makhankov, VG Granados, MA Makhankov, AV TI Generalized coherent states and spin S>=1 systems SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS AB Generalized Coherent States (GCS) are constructed (and discussed) in order to study quasiclassical behaviour of quantum spin models of the Heisenberg type. Several such models are taken to their semiclassical limits, whose form depends on the spin value as well as the Hamiltonian symmetry. In the continuum approximation, SU(2)/U(1) GCS when applied give rise to the well known Landau-Lifshitz classical phenomenology. For arbitrary spin values one obtains a lattice of coupled nonlinear oscillators. Corresponding classical continuum models are described as well. C1 UNIV AUTONOMA ZACATECAS,CTR ESTUDIOS MULTIDISCIPLINARIOS,ZACATECAS 98068,MEXICO. RP Makhankov, VG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 12 BP 3005 EP 3019 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/29/12/009 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UU803 UT WOS:A1996UU80300009 ER PT J AU Liu, JC Nelson, WR AF Liu, JC Nelson, WR TI EGS4 calculations of the dose to the electronic equipment in the PEP-II ring SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The radiation doses to the electronic devices placed under the HER (High Energy Ring) in the PEP-II storage ring were calculated using the EGS4 code. The doses result from a 4-GeV positron and a 10-GeV electron beam uniformly lost around the ring. The annual particle loss per beam was 6.1 X 10(17), including both stored beam loss and injection loss. The vacuum chambers (the targets for beam losses) of the LER (Low Energy Ring) and the HER were 1-cm-thick aluminum and 0.5-cm-thick copper, respectively. The shielding from the C-shaped iron bending magnet and the aluminum coil windings of the HER was considered. Both vacuum chambers were located about 1 m from the left wall of the ring (modeled as a 3.5 m wide, 2.9 m high and 100 m long tunnel and with a concrete wall thickness of 60 cm). The LER was 90 cm above the HER, which was 80 cm above the floor. The calculations show that the electronic devices need to be shielded on the left side by 1-cm-thick iron for the dose to remain below a damage threshold of 10(4) rad, when integrated over a ten-year period. The dose from non-uniform stored beam loss around the ring, due to high vacuum pressure in local regions from the ion avalanche effect, is also analyzed and reported in the Appendix A. RP Liu, JC (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,MS 48,POB 4349,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 1 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00165-9 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UW614 UT WOS:A1996UW61400002 ER PT J AU Allison, WWM Alner, GJ Ambats, I Ayres, DS Balka, LJ Barr, GD Barrett, WL Benjamin, D Bode, C Border, PM Brooks, CB Cobb, JH Cockerill, DJA Cover, K Cotton, RJ Courant, H Dahlin, BB DasGupta, U Dawson, JW Demuth, DM Edwards, VW Ewen, B Fields, TH GarciaGarcia, C Gallagher, HM Giles, RH Giller, GL Goodman, MC Gray, RN Heppelmann, S Hill, N Hoftiezer, JH Jankowski, DJ Johns, K Joyce, T Kafka, T Kasahara, SMS KirbyGallagher, LM Kochocki, J Leeson, W Litchfield, PJ Longley, NP Lopez, FV Lowe, MJ Mann, WA Marshak, ML May, EN Maxam, D McMaster, L Milburn, R Miller, WH Minor, CP Mondal, N Mualem, L Napier, A Nelson, EM Nickson, R Oliver, W Pearce, GF Perkins, DH Peterson, EA Price, LE Roback, DM Rosen, DB Ruddick, K Saitta, B Schmid, DJ Schlereth, J Schneps, J Schub, MH Seidlein, RV Shield, PD Shupe, MA Spear, S Stassinakis, A Sundaralingam, N Thomson, MA Thron, JL Vassiliev, V Villaume, G WAkely, SP Wall, D Wallis, EWG Weems, L Werkema, SJ West, N Wielgosz, U Woods, CA Yarker, S AF Allison, WWM Alner, GJ Ambats, I Ayres, DS Balka, LJ Barr, GD Barrett, WL Benjamin, D Bode, C Border, PM Brooks, CB Cobb, JH Cockerill, DJA Cover, K Cotton, RJ Courant, H Dahlin, BB DasGupta, U Dawson, JW Demuth, DM Edwards, VW Ewen, B Fields, TH GarciaGarcia, C Gallagher, HM Giles, RH Giller, GL Goodman, MC Gray, RN Heppelmann, S Hill, N Hoftiezer, JH Jankowski, DJ Johns, K Joyce, T Kafka, T Kasahara, SMS KirbyGallagher, LM Kochocki, J Leeson, W Litchfield, PJ Longley, NP Lopez, FV Lowe, MJ Mann, WA Marshak, ML May, EN Maxam, D McMaster, L Milburn, R Miller, WH Minor, CP Mondal, N Mualem, L Napier, A Nelson, EM Nickson, R Oliver, W Pearce, GF Perkins, DH Peterson, EA Price, LE Roback, DM Rosen, DB Ruddick, K Saitta, B Schmid, DJ Schlereth, J Schneps, J Schub, MH Seidlein, RV Shield, PD Shupe, MA Spear, S Stassinakis, A Sundaralingam, N Thomson, MA Thron, JL Vassiliev, V Villaume, G WAkely, SP Wall, D Wallis, EWG Weems, L Werkema, SJ West, N Wielgosz, U Woods, CA Yarker, S TI The SOUDAN 2 detector - The design and construction of the tracking calorimeter modules SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB SOUDAN 2 is a 960-ton tracking calorimeter which has been constructed to search for nucleon decay and other phenomena. The full detector consists of 224 calorimeter modules each weighing 4.3 tons. The design and construction of the modules are described. The modules consist of finely segmented iron instrumented with 1 m long drift tubes of 15 mm internal diameter. The tubes enable three spatial coordinates and dE/dx to be recorded for charged particles traversing the tubes. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. TUFTS UNIV, MEDFORD, MA 02155 USA. WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIV, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA. RP UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD OX1 3RH, ENGLAND. RI Cotton, Richard/K-2175-2012; OI Thomson, Mark/0000-0002-2654-9005 NR 36 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 1 BP 36 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00271-9 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UW614 UT WOS:A1996UW61400005 ER PT J AU Schub, MH Carey, TA Jeppesen, RG Leitch, MJ Peng, JC Brown, CN Hsiung, YB Kaplan, DM Lee, C Miller, G Sa, J Teng, PK AF Schub, MH Carey, TA Jeppesen, RG Leitch, MJ Peng, JC Brown, CN Hsiung, YB Kaplan, DM Lee, C Miller, G Sa, J Teng, PK TI Use of a track and vertex processor in a fixed-target charm experiment SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID TRIGGER; BEAUTY AB We have constructed and operated a high-speed parallel-pipelined track and vertex processor and used it to trigger data acquisition in a high-rate charm and beauty experiment at Fermilab. The processor uses information from hodoscopes and wire chambers to reconstruct tracks in the bend view of a magnetic spectrometer, and uses these tracks to find the corresponding tracks in a set of silicon-strip detectors. The processor then forms vertices and triggers the experiment if at least one vertex is downstream of the target, Under typical charm running conditions, with an interaction rate of approximate to 5 MHz, the processor rejects 80-90% of lower-level triggers while maintaining efficiency of approximate to 70% for two-prong D-meson decays. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. OI HSIUNG, YEE/0000-0003-4801-1238 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 376 IS 1 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00208-2 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UW614 UT WOS:A1996UW61400006 ER PT J AU Wyant, JC Sawchuk, AA Fienup, JR Murray, JR AF Wyant, JC Sawchuk, AA Fienup, JR Murray, JR TI Changes in Applied Optics editorial policy and procedures SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ENVIRONM RES INST MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48107. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Wyant, JC (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Fienup, James/B-2715-2016 OI Fienup, James/0000-0001-5147-9435 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 18 BP 3173 EP 3173 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA UT662 UT WOS:A1996UT66200001 ER PT J AU tZand, JJMI Fenimore, EE AF tZand, JJMI Fenimore, EE TI The autocorrelation of gamma-ray burst time profiles SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, bursts; methods, numerical ID SHOT NOISE AB The autocorrelation of time profiles of emission from gamma-ray bursts has previously been proved to be a valuable diagnostic for the study of the timing behavior of these bursts. In particular, comparative studies benefited from this diagnostic. However, in these previous studies, the particular shape of the autocorrelation function has not been addressed in great detail. In the present paper we try to explain the autocorrelation shape and behavior. We propose an empirical model that aids in the evaluation of uncertainties in autocorrelation analyses of gamma-ray burst time profiles. Our most important conclusions are that analyses based on the autocorrelation function are not dominated by mathematical properties not connected with the gamma-ray burst phenomenon, and that the uncertainty in the relative time stretching between different photon energy ranges found through such an analysis previously from CGRO BATSE data is less than or equal to 10%. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP 622 EP 627 DI 10.1086/177351 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ194 UT WOS:A1996UQ19400009 ER PT J AU Halpern, JP Eracleous, M Filippenko, AV Chen, K AF Halpern, JP Eracleous, M Filippenko, AV Chen, K TI Hubble space telescope ultraviolet spectrum of Arp 102B, the prototypical double-peaked emission-line AGN SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (Arp 102B); galaxies, nuclei; line, profiles; quasars, absorption lines ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ACCRETION DISKS; CONTINUUM EMISSION; OUTER REGIONS; FE-II; ABSORPTION SPECTRUM; RADIO GALAXIES; BROAD; ARP-102B; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AB mr spectra of the nucleus of the elliptical galaxy Arp 102B were obtained with the HST's Faint Object Spectrograph in order to investigate the UV emission-line counterparts of its unusual double-peaked Balmer lines. Broad Mg II lambda 2798 is present with nearly the same profile as the Balmer lines (peaks separated by approximate to 12,000 km s(-1)), and a typical Mg II/H beta ratio of 1. But there is little, if any C III] lambda 1909 or C IV lambda 1550 emission corresponding to the displaced Balmer-line peaks. Most important, there is no double-peaked component detected in Ly alpha; the Ly alpha/H beta ratio is less than 0.12 in the displaced peaks. However, there is an ''ordinary,'' nondisplaced broad-line component with FWHM approximate to 3500 km s(-1) in all of the permitted lines, demonstrating the need to invoke different locations and different physical conditions for double-peaked and single-peaked line components in the same object. The striking absence of displaced peaks in Ly alpha probably cannot be explained solely by reddening. Rather, it indicates that high density and large optical depth in Ly alpha are required to destroy the line photons by collisional de-excitation and possibly by bound-free absorption out of the n = 2 level of hydrogen. These results strongly support the application, at least to Arp 102B, of the accretion-disk model of Dumont & Collin-Souffrin, in which the disk produces only low-ionization lines and a Ly alpha/H beta ratio that agrees with our observed upper limit. Also present is an extraordinary system of absorption lines at the systemic redshift of Arp 102B, in which metastable levels of Fe II up to 1.1 eV above the ground state participate in addition to the more common resonance transitions. Absorption from metastable levels of Fe II have been seen previously only in two unusual, low-ionization broad absorption-line QSOs, Q0059 - 2735 and Mrk 231. Temperatures and densities needed to excite these levels are similar to narrow-line region conditions. Why they are seen in absorption in Arp 102B, a relatively unobscured active galactic nucleus, but in no other Seyfert or radio galaxy, is a mystery. C1 SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Halpern, JP (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,COLUMBIA ASTROPHYS LAB,538 W 120TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. NR 73 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP 704 EP 714 DI 10.1086/177357 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ194 UT WOS:A1996UQ19400015 ER PT J AU Paerels, F Hur, MY Mauche, CW Heise, J AF Paerels, F Hur, MY Mauche, CW Heise, J TI Extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy of the white dwarf photosphere in AM Herculis SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars, individual (AM Herculis); ultraviolet, stars; X-rays, stars; white dwarfs AB We present high-resolution spectroscopy of the stellar photospheric spectrum of the white dwarf in AM Herculis in the 75-120 Angstrom band, obtained with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer on the Extreme-Ultraviolet Explorer. We positively detect ionization edges and absorption lines from highly ionized neon (Ne VI, Ne VIII). Surprisingly, we do not detect absorption at the O VI 2s, 2p edges, which are expected to be the strongest spectral features in this band in an atmosphere of solar composition at the density and temperature expected for the accretion region in this object. There is evidence for limb brightening of the spectrum in egress from eclipse, indicating the presence of a temperature inversion in the X-ray/EUV photosphere. We interpret these results in the context of the classical model for the soft X-ray/EUV emission from AM Her: hard X-ray irradiation of the atmosphere by the accretion shock. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. SRON, SPACE RES LAB, 3584 CA UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NR 24 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP 884 EP 889 DI 10.1086/177376 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ194 UT WOS:A1996UQ19400034 ER PT J AU Iglesias, CA Rogers, FJ AF Iglesias, CA Rogers, FJ TI Updated OPAL opacities SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; stars, interiors ID TEMPERATURE STELLAR PLASMA; MEAN OPACITIES; ROSSELAND; MODELS; CARBON; STARS; PULSATIONS; MECHANISM; INTERIOR AB The reexamination of astrophysical opacities has eliminated gross discrepancies between a variety of observations and theoretical calculations; thus allowing for more detailed tests of stellar models. A number of such studies indicate that model results are sensitive to modest changes in the opacity. Consequently, it is desirable to update available opacity databases with recent improvements in physics, refinements of element abundance, and other such factors affecting the results. Updated OPAL Rosseland mean opacities are presented. The new results have incorporated improvements in the physics and numerical procedures as well as corrections. The main opacity changes are increases of as much as 20% for Population I stars due to the explicit inclusion of 19 metals (compared to 12 metals in the earlier calculations) with the other modifications introducing opacity changes smaller than 10%. In addition, the temperature and density range covered by the updated opacity tables has been extended. As before, the tables allow accurate interpolation in density and temperature as well as hydrogen, helium, carbon, oxygen, and metal mass fractions. Although a specific metal composition is emphasized, opacity tables for different metal distributions can be made readily available. The updated opacities are compared to other work. RP Iglesias, CA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 52 TC 1684 Z9 1689 U1 4 U2 19 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP 943 EP 953 DI 10.1086/177381 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ194 UT WOS:A1996UQ19400039 ER PT J AU Brainerd, TG Bromley, BC Warren, MS Zurek, WH AF Brainerd, TG Bromley, BC Warren, MS Zurek, WH TI Velocity dispersion and the redshift-space power spectrum SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology, theory; galaxies, clusters, general ID GALAXIES; UNIVERSE AB A large (N similar to 17 x 10(6)) high-resolution N-body simulation of a standard cold dark matter (CDM) universe is used to investigate the effects of peculiar velocities on the power spectrum of galaxies in redshift space. The unprecedented dynamical range of the simulation code allows galaxy halos to be resolved in the numerical data while maintaining good statistical sampling on large scales. We present evidence that the redshift-space power spectrum P-s(k) can be related to its real-space counterpart by means of a simple filter function which reflects both small-scale velocity dispersion and large-scale linear flows. After transformation to redshift space, we find that the power spectrum is insensitive to the normalization of the CDM model at scales below 20 h(-1) Mpc. Hence P-s(k) does not provide an unambiguous cosmological constraint at small scales. Nonetheless, it is significant that the redshift-space power spectra from CDM models with two different normalizations both compare remarkably well with results from the galaxies in the IRAS 1.2 Jy survey (Fisher et al.) on scales between 1 and 50 h(-1) Mpc. By excluding a fraction of the most tightly bound halos, we create a galaxy catalog with 80% of the original objects in the lower normalization model that matches both the IRAS power spectrum and the inferred pairwise velocity dispersion on megaparsec scales. Thus, in contrast to previous reports, we find that the CDM scenario does not produce excess power at small scales. C1 BOSTON UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MS B288, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87505 USA. RI Brainerd, Tereasa /H-4479-2014 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP L103 EP L106 DI 10.1086/310115 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ195 UT WOS:A1996UQ19500002 ER PT J AU Ortiz, GG Hains, CP Cheng, J Hou, HQ Zolper, JC AF Ortiz, GG Hains, CP Cheng, J Hou, HQ Zolper, JC TI Monolithic integration of In0.2Ga0.8As vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with resonance-enhanced quantum well photodetectors SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE integrated optoelectronics; vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; photodetectors AB Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been monolithically integrated with resonance-enhanced photodetectors (REPDs) using a single epilayer design, to produce a simple array of sources and detectors for optical interconnect applications. The detectors, which contain a three quantum well InGaAs absorption region, achieve quantum efficiencies as high as 85%, and the VCSELs achieved threshold current densities as low as 850 A/cm(2) and differential quantum efficiencies as high as 50%. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Ortiz, GG (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,EECE BLDG,ROOM 125,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 6 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 13 BP 1205 EP 1207 DI 10.1049/el:19960782 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UW104 UT WOS:A1996UW10400039 ER PT J AU Zhou, XL Lee, YN Newman, L Chen, XH Mopper, K AF Zhou, XL Lee, YN Newman, L Chen, XH Mopper, K TI Tropospheric formaldehyde concentration at the Mauna Loa observatory during the Mauna Loa observatory photochemistry experiment 2 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; ATMOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; OH; KINETICS; METHANE; OZONE AB The concentration of formaldehyde at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, was determined during four Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment 2 (MLOPEX 2) measurement intensives between September 1991 and August 1992. The observed diurnal variations, 200-900 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) during daytime and 60-200 pptv during nighttime, resulted mainly from the local air circulation pattern whereby island modified marine boundary layer air prevailed during the day and free tropospheric air dominated during the night. A seasonal variation was also observed; the median/mean values of all data points are: 149/196, 129/149, 143/178, and 181/211 pptv for autumn, winter, spring, and summer intensives, respectively. During nighttime downslope flow periods which brought in free tropospheric air to the measurement site, the formaldehyde concentrations (median/mean) were 122/123, 110/112, 120/125, and 140/137 pptv for autumn, winter, spring, and summer, respectively. This seasonal dependence may be attributable to changes in solar insolation and NO concentrations. A simple box model calculation constrained by the experimentally determined concentrations of CH3OOH yielded a formaldehyde concentration (without/with heterogeneous removal) for free tropospheric air, at 7 degrees C, of 155/140, 125/115, 210/195, and 220/205 pptv for autumn, winter, spring and summer, respectively. The calculated values are in good agreement with the measured concentrations for winter (within 27/15%, without/with heterogeneous removal) and fall (within 14/5%), but are significantly higher for spring (75/63%) and summer (57/46%). C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, ENVIRONM CHEM DIV, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhou, XL (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 21 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D9 BP 14711 EP 14719 DI 10.1029/95JD03226 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT467 UT WOS:A1996UT46700029 ER PT J AU Heikes, B McCully, B Zhou, X Lee, YN Mopper, K Chen, X Mackay, G Karecki, D Schiff, H Campos, T Atlas, E AF Heikes, B McCully, B Zhou, X Lee, YN Mopper, K Chen, X Mackay, G Karecki, D Schiff, H Campos, T Atlas, E TI Formaldehyde methods comparison in the remote lower troposphere during the Mauna Loa photochemistry experiment 2 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID LASER ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; MARINE TROPOSPHERE; AIR; ATMOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; HCHO AB Five methods for the measurement of CH2O vapor were compared under remote tropospheric conditions. The techniques included an aqueous-scrubber enzyme fluorescence method (URIcoil), TDLAS (UNI), 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) impregnated-cartridges (BNL/WSUcart), an aqueous-scrubber DNPH mettled (BNL/WSUcoil), and an unpublished aqueous-scrubber immobilized-enzyme fluorescence method (NCARbound). This was part of the Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment 2 (MLOPEX 2) which was performed in four similar to 30-day intensives. In MLOPEX 2a (fall 1991), the URIcoil technique indicated higher concentrations relative to the BNL/WSUcoil which were higher than UNI. The limited number of NCARbound measurements for MLOPEX 2a were greater than the other measurements and least reliable. During MLOPEX 2b (winter 1992), URIcoil, UNI, BNL/WSUcoil, and NCAR-bound gave comparable measurements of CH2O with the latter again being consistently higher than the first three methods and its performance and reliability was improved over MLOPEX 2a. URIcoil and BNL/WSUcoil were comparable in MLOPEX 2c (spring 1992) and 2d (summer 1992), whereas, BNL/WSUcart was consistently higher than both for these intensives. The major source of difference between techniques was ascribed to variations in the analytical-procedural field blanks. Calibration differences were the most likely cause of URIcoil being higher than BNL/WSUcoil and BNL/WSUcoil being higher than UNI during MLOPEX 2a. Lower free troposphere median concentrations were between 100 and 150 ppt for all seasons and without a seasonal trend. These values were a factor of 2 to 3 lower than model estimates for this study site and were in keeping with earlier work. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. UNISEARCH ASSOCIATES INC, CONCORD, ON, CANADA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. RP Heikes, B (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, CTR ATMOSPHER CHEM STUDIES, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. RI Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015 NR 37 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D9 BP 14741 EP 14755 DI 10.1029/96JD00550 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT467 UT WOS:A1996UT46700032 ER PT J AU Eckert, J Nicol, JM Howard, J Trouw, FR AF Eckert, J Nicol, JM Howard, J Trouw, FR TI Adsorption of hydrogen in Ca-exchanged Na-A zeolites probed by inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ROTATION; COMPLEXES; GRAPHITE; BARRIER; H2; HD; DIFFUSIVITY; DIHYDROGEN AB The hindered rotations and vibrations of molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and deuterium hydride adsorbed into partially and fully Ca ion exchanged Na-A zeolites have been studied at low temperatures with the use of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) techniques. A loading of one molecule per supercage was used in an attempt to avoid multiple site occupancies. Nonetheless, the INS spectra of the rotational transitions of H-2, HD, and D-2 clearly show that physical adsorption occurs on several different sites. Both the CaNa-A and Ca-A samples have strong rotational bands near 6 meV. On this basis, we conclude that the principal adsorption site in CaNa-A is in the vicinity of the Ca2+ cation where H-2 experiences a rotational barrier of about 4.3 kJ/mol. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. ICI FILMS,DUMFRIES DG2 8NE,SCOTLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Eckert, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CATALYSIS CTR,MS H805,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 25 BP 10646 EP 10651 DI 10.1021/jp952982d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UT213 UT WOS:A1996UT21300022 ER PT J AU Tsai, YS AF Tsai, YS TI The investigation of CP violation through the decay of polarized tau leptons SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT AB Under the assumption that CP violation is caused by exchange of a new boson, we propose to measure the magnitudes and CP violating phases of the coupling constants of this boson to five different vertices in tau decay, This can be accomplished by studying the decays of polarized tau leptons produced at an e(+)e(-) collider whose beams are polarized. We point out that CP violation in the leptonic sector tests most directly the assumption that the imaginary numbers in the mass matrix is the sole cause of CP violation. RP Tsai, YS (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 378 IS 1-4 BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00403-0 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV058 UT WOS:A1996UV05800041 ER PT J AU Artuso, M Efimov, A Gao, M Goldberg, M Greene, R He, D Horwitz, N Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Playfer, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Xing, X Bartlet, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Kinoshita, K Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Cinabro, D Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Asner, DM Athanas, M Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Gronberg, J Korte, CM Kutschke, R Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Cho, K Ford, WT Lohner, M Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Dumas, DJ Ehrlich, R Elia, R Gaidarev, P Gittelman, E Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Jones, CD Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Avery, P Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Liu, T Saulnier, M Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW McLean, KW Ogg, M Bellerive, A Britton, DI Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Spaan, B Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Copty, N Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Nelson, JK Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Alam, MS Kim, IJ Ling, Z Mahmood, AH ONeill, JJ Severini, H Sun, CR Timm, S Wappler, F Duboscq, JE Fulton, R Fujino, D Gan, KK Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Sung, M Undrus, A White, C Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Fu, X Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Miao, T Miller, DH Modesitt, M Payne, D Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Wang, PN Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Wang, R Coan, TE Dominick, J Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Lambrecht, M Sanghera, S Shelkov, V Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Wei, G AF Artuso, M Efimov, A Gao, M Goldberg, M Greene, R He, D Horwitz, N Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Playfer, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Xing, X Bartlet, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Kinoshita, K Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Cinabro, D Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Asner, DM Athanas, M Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Gronberg, J Korte, CM Kutschke, R Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Cho, K Ford, WT Lohner, M Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Dumas, DJ Ehrlich, R Elia, R Gaidarev, P Gittelman, E Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Jones, CD Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Avery, P Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Liu, T Saulnier, M Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW McLean, KW Ogg, M Bellerive, A Britton, DI Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Spaan, B Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Copty, N Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Nelson, JK Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Alam, MS Kim, IJ Ling, Z Mahmood, AH ONeill, JJ Severini, H Sun, CR Timm, S Wappler, F Duboscq, JE Fulton, R Fujino, D Gan, KK Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Sung, M Undrus, A White, C Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Fu, X Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Miao, T Miller, DH Modesitt, M Payne, D Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Wang, PN Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Wang, R Coan, TE Dominick, J Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Lambrecht, M Sanghera, S Shelkov, V Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Wei, G TI Measurement of the branching fraction for D-s(-)->phi pi(-) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DECAYS AB We present a model-independent measurement of beta(D-s(-) --> phi pi(+))/beta(D-0 --> K- pi(+)) by partially reconstructing the decay B-0 --> (DDs*-)-D-*+. Using data collected with the CLEO II detector at CESR, we determine beta(D-s(-) --> phi pi(-))/beta(D-0 --> K(-)pi(+)) = 0.92 +/- 0.20(stat.) +/- 0.11(syst.). Our measurement of B(D-0 --> K(-)pi(+)) then gives beta(D-s(-) --> phi pi(-)) = (3.59 +/- 0.77 +/- 0.48)%. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. CARLETON UNIV,OTTAWA,ON K1S 5B6,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. ITHACA COLL,ITHACA,NY 14850. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV OKLAHOMA,NORMAN,OK 73019. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. SO METHODIST UNIV,DALLAS,TX 75275. RP Artuso, M (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. RI Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; OI Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Poling, Ronald/0000-0001-7305-4702; Bloom, Kenneth/0000-0002-4272-8900 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 378 IS 1-4 BP 364 EP 372 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00503-5 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UV058 UT WOS:A1996UV05800055 ER PT J AU Solterbeck, CH Schattke, W Fadley, CS AF Solterbeck, CH Schattke, W Fadley, CS TI Full-hemisphere valence band photoemission spectra calculated for the ideal Si(001) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Vacuum Congress/9th International Conference on Solid Surfaces (IVC-13/ICSS-9) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN DE Angle resolved photoemission; electron density; excitation spectra calculations; photoelectron emission; semiconducting surfaces; silicon; single crystal surfaces ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; GRAPHITE AB Angle resolved photoemission spectra from the Si(001) surface have been calculated within the highly accurate one-step model. These spin integrated constant final state spectra for the valence bands have been investigated as a function of the emission direction of electrons. Especially, differences between right and left circularly polarized light in the spectra have been considered. A strong circular dichroism is found depending on the orbital composition of the contributing initial states. From various photoelectron patterns over the full 2 pi hemisphere an example for a p orbital dominated binding energy is presented and discussed. C1 CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL, INST THEORET PHYS, D-24118 KIEL, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, BERKELEY, CA USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 357 IS 1-3 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00101-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW253 UT WOS:A1996UW25300049 ER PT J AU Lee, G Poker, DB Zehner, DM Plummer, EW AF Lee, G Poker, DB Zehner, DM Plummer, EW TI Coverage and structure of deuterium on Cu(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Vacuum Congress/9th International Conference on Solid Surfaces (IVC-13/ICSS-9) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN DE adsorption kinetics; copper; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); low index single crystal surfaces; nuclear reaction analysis; surface chemical reaction; surface relaxation and reconstruction ID ELECTRON-ENERGY LOSS; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; METAL-SURFACES; CHEMISORPTION; ADSORPTION; H-2 AB The absolute coverages of atomic deuterium adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface at a temperature of 100 K have been determined using nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), and correlated with thermal desorption spectra (TDS) and deuterium-induced low energy electron diffraction (LEED) patterns for Cu(111). It was found that the adsorption of deuterium saturates at a coverage of 0.67 +/- 0.03 ML, significantly lower than that observed for fcc(111) transition metal surfaces. The D coverage for a (2 x 2) LEED pattern was measured to be 0.5 ML, in common with those of H/Ni(111) and H(D)/Ag(111). No bulk absorption was observed, The low saturation coverage of D on Cu(111) is attributed to the combination of a low heat of adsorption and D-D repulsion on the surface. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYS, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 357 IS 1-3 BP 717 EP 720 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00252-X PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW253 UT WOS:A1996UW25300143 ER PT J AU Mao, Y Bakac, A AF Mao, Y Bakac, A TI Photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; HYDROXYLATION; BENZENE; COMPLEXES; MECHANISM; CHLORIDE; REAGENTS; RADICALS; LICLO4 AB In acidic aqueous solutions UO22+ serves as a photocatalyst (lambda(irr) greater than or equal to 425 nm) for the oxidation of benzene by H2O2 Under conditions where 50% of the excited stare *UO22+ is quenched by H2O2 (k = 5.4 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)) and 50% by benzene (k = 2.9 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1)), the quantum yield for the formation of phenol is 0.70. The yield does not change when benzene is replaced by benzene-d(6), but decreases by a factor of similar to 4 upon the change of solvent from H2O to D2O. Photocatalytic oxidation of toluene by UO22+/H2O2 produces PhCHO, PhCH(2)OH, and a mixture of cresols with a total quantum yield of 0.28 under conditions where 50% of *UO22+ is quenched by H2O2. The quenching of *UO22+ by benzene and substituted benzenes takes place with k > 10(8) M(-1) s(-1). The system UO22+/t-BuOOH/C6H6/hv does not result in the oxidation of benzene, but instead yields methane and ethane. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 38 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 19 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 13 BP 3925 EP 3930 DI 10.1021/ic960142n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA UT210 UT WOS:A1996UT21000032 ER PT J AU Mirmira, SR Tinoco, I AF Mirmira, SR Tinoco, I TI NMR structure of a bacteriophage T4 RNA hairpin involved in translational repression SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DNA-POLYMERASE; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; SPECTROSCOPY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; ASSIGNMENT; PROTON AB A high-resolution structure of a 16-nucleotide bacteriophage T4 RNA hairpin, 5'-GCCU-[AAUAACUC]GGGC (loop bases in square brackets), has been determined in solution by proton, phosphorus, and carbon (natural abundance) NMR spectroscopy. This RNA hairpin is known to play a crucial role in the translational repression of bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Ultraviolet absorbance melting curves indicate that the structure formed is unimolecular. The NMR spectra indicate that a single conformation consistent with a hairpin structure is formed. Strong imino-imino NOEs confirm the formation of the G . U base pair at the stem-loop junction. There is no evidence that A(5) is protonated (at pH 6.0) and involved in an A(+)-C pair. However, the NMR data indicate that the stem is extended beyond the G . U pair and that A-form stacking continues for three nucleotides on the 5' side and one nucleotide on the 3' side. Structure calculations using restraints obtained from NMR data give a precisely defined structure with an average root mean square deviation (RMSD) of approximately 1.2 Angstrom for the entire molecule. The assignment of all the protons and most of the P-31 resonances in the loop yielded a large number of distance and torsion angle restraints for these nucleotides, These helped obtain a well-defined loop with an average RMSD of 1.1 Angstrom for the loop nucleotides of 11 converged structures. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10840] NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 18 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 24 BP 7664 EP 7674 DI 10.1021/bi960414y PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UR904 UT WOS:A1996UR90400007 PM 8672467 ER PT J AU Mirmira, SR Tinoco, I AF Mirmira, SR Tinoco, I TI A quadruple mutant T4 RNA hairpin with the same structure as the wild-type translational repressor SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOPHAGE-T4 DNA-POLYMERASE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; NMR AB The solution structure of a 16-nucleotide RNA hairpin, 5'-GCCUAG[CAGC]CUGGGC (loop bases in square brackets), has been determined by proton, phosphorus, and carbon (natural abundance) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This RNA tetraloop hairpin varies in four loop nucleotides from the wild-type T4 RNA hairpin (with eight loop nucleotides) involved in the translational repression of bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Despite the differences in their sequence and proposed secondary structures, these two hairpins bind T4 DNA polymerase with equal affinity. The NMR spectra of the mutant hairpin indicate that its stem is extended in comparison to that of the wild-type hairpin by the formation of two additional Watson-Crick base pairs. The NMR data provide a precisely defined structure for the mutant hairpin with an average root mean square deviation of approximately 0.7 Angstrom for all 16 residues in the molecule. The structure of the mutant loop is very similar to that determined previously for the wild-type hairpin. The three loop bases that are conserved between the mutant and wild-type hairpins point out in solution with the groups capable of hydrogen bond formation exposed to the solution. This is exactly what was seen for the wild-type hairpin. Also, unusual, long-range NOEs, loop hydrogen bonds, and even the position at which the loop bends are common features between the two loops. This explains how two different hairpins, by adopting similar three-dimensional structures, have the same affinity for the DNA polymerase. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10840] NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 18 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 24 BP 7675 EP 7683 DI 10.1021/bi960415q PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UR904 UT WOS:A1996UR90400008 PM 8672468 ER PT J AU Sigalas, MM McCalmont, JS Ho, KM Tuttle, G AF Sigalas, MM McCalmont, JS Ho, KM Tuttle, G TI Theoretical and experimental study of silicon-based angular filters SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB We study periodic structures constructed by low resistivity Si wafers which allow only the transmission of electromagnetic waves incident at a certain angle. We call those materials angular filters. The angular width of the transmission peak can be controlled by changing the thickness of the structure and/or by changing the resistivity of Si wafers. The basic idea behind the unusual properties of those materials lies on the Borrman effect or anomalous transmission of x rays through the crystals. Measured responses are in good agreement with theoretical simulations. Although the present structure was designed and built to work at around 100 GHz, similar structures can be designed for any other frequency region. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MICROELECTR RES CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,AMES,IA 50011. RP Sigalas, MM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 25 BP 3525 EP 3527 DI 10.1063/1.116518 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UR153 UT WOS:A1996UR15300001 ER PT J AU Brown, MT McGrath, WJ Toledo, DL Mangel, WF AF Brown, MT McGrath, WJ Toledo, DL Mangel, WF TI Different modes of inhibition of human adenovirus proteinase, probably a cysteine proteinase, by bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE antiviral therapy; bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor; cysteine proteinase; virus-coded proteinase ID TYPE-2 PROTEINASE; PROTEASE; PEPTIDE; SPECIFICITY; VIRION AB The type of proteinase and the nature of the active site of the human adenovirus proteinase are unknown, For these reasons we produced an inhibitor profile of the enzyme, Enzyme activity in disrupted virions was inhibited by several serine-specific as,yell as cysteine-specific proteinase inhibitors, Of the inhibitors that worked, the most useful potentially in illuminating the nature of the active site was bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), and for this reason we extensively characterized the interaction with BPTI, In disrupted virions, the enzyme is irreversibly inhibited by BPTI with a K-i of 35 nM and a k(i) of 6.2 x 10(-4) s(-1). One reason enzyme activity is inhibited is that BPTI, a basic protein, precipitates the viral DNA, a cofactor of enzyme activity. In vitro with purified components, BPTI acts as a competitive inhibitor (K-i 2 mu M) of the recombinant proteinase complexed with its 11-amino-acid cofactor pVIc. The recombinant endoproteinase is heat labile whereas its 11-amino-acid cofactor is heat stable. We estimate there are about 50 molecules of proteinase per virus particle. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26049] NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 388 IS 2-3 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00569-8 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA UU732 UT WOS:A1996UU73200033 PM 8690094 ER PT J AU Blum, L Kalyuzhnyi, YV Bernard, O HerreraPacheco, JN AF Blum, L Kalyuzhnyi, YV Bernard, O HerreraPacheco, JN TI Sticky charged spheres in the mean-spherical approximation: A model for colloids and polyelectrolytes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL ATTRACTIVE FORCES; INTEGRAL-EQUATION THEORY; THERMODYNAMIC PERTURBATION-THEORY; IN-OIL MICROEMULSIONS; FREE-ENERGY MODEL; ASYMMETRIC ELECTROLYTES; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; MICELLAR INTERACTIONS; CHEMICAL ASSOCIATION AB The solutions within the mean-spherical and binding mean-spherical approximations of the sticky-hard-sphere model for colloids and polyelectrolytes are discussed. It is shown that the excess thermodynamic functions-the internal energy E, and the entropy S-have the same simple forms for all cases, and are functions of a single screening parameter Gamma(T), which however depends on ail the sticky interactions. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV PARIS 06,LAB PROPRIETES PHYSICOCHIM ELECTROLYTES,URA 430,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV AUTONOMA PUEBLA,ESCUELA CIENCIAS FISICOMATEMAT,PUEBLA 72570,MEXICO. RP Blum, L (reprint author), UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT PHYS,POB 23343,RIO PIEDRAS,PR 00931, USA. NR 70 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 8 IS 25A BP A143 EP A167 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/8/25A/010 PG 25 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT619 UT WOS:A1996UT61900010 ER PT J AU Lyo, SK Jones, ED Klem, JF AF Lyo, SK Jones, ED Klem, JF TI Suppression of direct-transition phonon side bands in the magnetoluminescence from doped quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Letter ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; EXCITONS; LAYER AB We present a theory for and the observation of LO-phonon side bands for transitions between the electron and hole Landau levels (n(e), n(h) = 0, 1,...). The side band of the primary n(e) = 0 --> n(h) = 0 line in an n-GaAs/InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum well is absent at low temperatures. The side bands of the secondary n(e) (>0) --> n(h) = 0 lines are relatively strong, growing with n(e) in excellent agreement with the theory. The suppression of small-Delta n (=\n(e) - n(h)\) side bands is due to the interference between the electron-phonon and hole-phonon recombination channels and the magnetic quantization in two dimensions. RP Lyo, SK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 8 IS 25 BP L363 EP L369 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/8/25/002 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT618 UT WOS:A1996UT61800002 ER PT J AU Chaudhuri, S Hockney, G Lykken, J AF Chaudhuri, S Hockney, G Lykken, J TI Three generations in the fermionic construction SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE superstrings; heterotic ID FAYET-ILIOPOULOS TERMS; STANDARD-LIKE MODEL; 3-GENERATION SUPERSTRING MODEL; CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY; STRING THEORY; DEGENERATE ORBIFOLDS; HETEROTIC STRINGS; YUKAWA COUPLINGS; FORMULATION; UNIFICATION AB We obtain three generation SU(3)(c) x SU(2)(L) x U(1)(Y) string models in all of the exactly solvable (0, 2) constructions sampled by fermionization. None of these examples, including those that are symmetric abelian orbifolds, rely on the Z(2) x Z(2) orbifold underlying the NAHE basis. We present the first known three generation models for which the hypercharge normalization, k(1), takes values smaller than that obtained from an SU(5) embedding, thus lowering the effective gauge coupling unification scale. All of the models contain fractional electrically charged and vectorlike exotic matter that could survive in the light spectrum. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Chaudhuri, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,INST THEORET PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. NR 77 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 3 BP 357 EP 386 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00142-3 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UX601 UT WOS:A1996UX60100001 ER PT J AU Curtright, T Uematsu, T Zachos, C AF Curtright, T Uematsu, T Zachos, C TI Geometry and duality in supersymmetric sigma-models SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE duality; canonical transformations; sigma models; supersymmetry; symphysis; bosonization ID STRING THEORY; TRANSFORMATIONS; SUPERSPACE; CURRENTS; SPACE AB The Supersymmetric Dual Sigma Model (SDSM) is a local field theory introduced to be nonlocally equivalent to the Supersymmetric Chiral nonlinear sigma-Model (SCM), this dual equivalence being proven by explicit canonical transformation in tangent space. This model is here reconstructed in superspace and identified as a chiral-entwined supersymmetrization of the Dual Sigma Model (DSM). This analysis sheds light on the boson-fermion symphysis of the dual transition, and on the new geometry of the DSM. C1 KYOTO UNIV, FIHS, DEPT FUNDAMENTAL SCI, KYOTO 60601, JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP UNIV MIAMI, DEPT PHYS, BOX 248046, CORAL GABLES, FL 33124 USA. RI zachos, cosmas/C-4366-2014; Curtright, Thomas/B-6840-2015; OI zachos, cosmas/0000-0003-4379-3875; Curtright, Thomas/0000-0001-7031-5604 NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 3 BP 488 EP 512 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00138-1 PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UX601 UT WOS:A1996UX60100007 ER PT J AU Mattle, K Weinfurter, H Kwiat, PG Zeilinger, A AF Mattle, K Weinfurter, H Kwiat, PG Zeilinger, A TI Dense coding in experimental quantum communication SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Classically, sending more than one bit of information requires manipulation of more than one two-state particle. We demonstrate experimentally that one can transmit one of three messages, i.e., 1 ''trit'' approximate to 1.58 bit, by manipulating only one of two entangled particles. The increased channel capacity is proven by transmitting ASCII characters in five trits instead of the usual 8 bits. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP Mattle, K (reprint author), UNIV INNSBRUCK, INST EXPTL PHYS, A-6020 INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA. RI Weinfurter, Harald/F-8225-2015 OI Weinfurter, Harald/0000-0001-6882-3909 NR 11 TC 730 Z9 766 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4656 EP 4659 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4656 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500002 ER PT J AU Habib, S Kluger, Y Mottola, E Paz, JP AF Habib, S Kluger, Y Mottola, E Paz, JP TI Dissipation and decoherence in mean field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM AB The time evolution of a closed system of mean fields and fluctuations is Hamiltonian, with the canonical variables parametrizing the general time-dependent Gaussian density matrix of the system. Yet, the evolution manifests both quantum decoherence and apparent irreversibility of energy flow from the coherent mean fields to fluctuating quantum modes. Using scalar QED as an example, we show how this collisionless damping and decoherence may be understood as the result of dephasing of the rapidly varying fluctuations and particle production in the time varying mean field. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV BUENOS AIRES,FAC CIENCIAS EXACTAS & NAT,DEPT FIS,RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. RP Habib, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 12 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4660 EP 4663 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4660 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500003 ER PT J AU Creutz, M Tytgat, M AF Creutz, M Tytgat, M TI Species doubling and chiral Lagrangians SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; CURRENT-ALGEBRA; FERMIONS; LATTICE AB Coupling gauge fields to the chiral currents from an effective Lagrangian for pseudoscalar mesons naturally gives rise to a species doubling phenomenon similar to that seen with fermionic fields in lattice gauge theory. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4671 EP 4674 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4671 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500006 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWise, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziGaltieri, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlman, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWise, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziGaltieri, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlman, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Search for flavor-changing neutral current B meson decays in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTION; HEAVY MESONS AB We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays B-d,s(0) --> mu(+)mu(-), B+ --> mu(+)mu(-)K(+), and B-0 --> mu(+)mu(-)K(*0) using data from collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV, collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab during the 1992-1993 running period. We find no indication of such decays, and we set the following 90% confidence level upper limits on branching ratios: B(B-0 --> mu(+)mu(-)) < 1.6 x 10(-6), B(B-s(0) --> mu(+)mu(-)) < 8.4 x 10(-6), B(B+ --> mu(+)mu(-)K(+)) < 1.0 x 10(-5), and B(B-0 --> mu(+)mu(-)K(*0)) < 2.5 x 10(-5). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PADOVA,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), KEK NAT LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4675 EP 4680 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4675 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500007 ER PT J AU Spielberger, L Jagutzki, O Krassig, B Meyer, U Khayyat, K Mergel, V Tschentscher, T Buslaps, T Brauning, H Dorner, R Vogt, T Achler, M Ullrich, J Gemmell, DS SchmidtBocking, H AF Spielberger, L Jagutzki, O Krassig, B Meyer, U Khayyat, K Mergel, V Tschentscher, T Buslaps, T Brauning, H Dorner, R Vogt, T Achler, M Ullrich, J Gemmell, DS SchmidtBocking, H TI Double and single ionization of helium by 58-keV x rays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOIONIZATION AB We have measured the ratio of cross sections for double to single ionization of helium by Compton scattering, R(C) = sigma(C)(++)/sigma(C)(+), at a photon energy of 58 keV using cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy. We find a value R(C) = (0.84(-0.11)(+0.08))% that is in agreement with the asymptotic limits predicted by Andersson and Burgdorfer [Phys. Rev. A 50, R2810 (1944)] and Suric et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 790 (1994)]. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIAT FACIL,F-38043 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64291 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RP Spielberger, L (reprint author), INST KERNPHYS,AUGUST EULER STR 6,D-60486 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. RI Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008 OI Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268 NR 27 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4685 EP 4688 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4685 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500009 ER PT J AU Hwang, RQ AF Hwang, RQ TI Chemically induced step edge diffusion barriers: Dendritic growth in 2D alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; LIMITED AGGREGATION; AU; RU(0001); FILMS; AG AB To investigate the effects of multiple film components on the morphology of thin films, the growth of Co and Ag on Ru(0001) has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Two types of growth have been identified. In the first, the Co from the vapor phase is directly incorporated into existing Ag islands. In the second, islands composed of a Co-Ag mixture are formed by etching of the existing pure Ag islands. These two mechanisms, which occur simultaneously, lead to dramatically different morphologies. In the second case, dendritic growth of the alloy is found despite the fact that neither of the component metals alone exhibit this behavior. We attribute the dendritic growth to chemically induced step edge diffusion barriers which must generally exist in multicomponent film growth. RP Hwang, RQ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4757 EP 4760 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4757 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500027 ER PT J AU Mao, D Taylor, PC Kurtz, SR Wu, MC Harrison, WA AF Mao, D Taylor, PC Kurtz, SR Wu, MC Harrison, WA TI Average local order parameter in partially ordered GaInP2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LONG-RANGE ORDER; ALLOYS; GAAS; GA0.5IN0.5P; GROWTH AB The application of a simple point-charge model to NMR spin echo measurements of Ga-71 in random and partially ordered films of Ga0.52In0.48P provides the first quantitative and accurate estimate of the average degree of local ordering (average order parameter eta) in a ternary III-V semiconductor. The value of eta extracted is consistent with theoretical predictions. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NATL TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,HSINCHU 30043,TAIWAN. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94395. RP Mao, D (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT PHYS,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4769 EP 4772 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4769 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500030 ER PT J AU Kopietz, P Castilla, GE AF Kopietz, P Castilla, GE TI Higher-dimensional bosonization with nonlinear energy dispersion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; LANDAU-LEVEL AB We develop a systematic method to treat the effect of nonlinearity in the energy dispersion on the usual bosonization result for the single-particle Green's function of fermions in arbitrary dimension. The leading corrections due to the quadratic term in the energy dispersion are explicitly calculated. In the Chern-Simons theory for half-filled quantum Hall systems, curvature is shown to be essential. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP Kopietz, P (reprint author), UNIV GOTTINGEN, INST THEORET PHYS, BUNSENSTR 9, D-37073 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4777 EP 4780 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4777 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500032 ER PT J AU Welp, U Fendrich, JA Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Veal, BW AF Welp, U Fendrich, JA Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Veal, BW TI Thermodynamic evidence for a flux line lattice melting transition in YBa2CU3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-COUPLED SYSTEMS; VORTEX-LATTICE; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRANSPORT; FIELDS; STATE AB Moving- and stationary-sample SQUID magnetometry indicates discontinuous jumps of the magnetization of an untwinned single crystal of YBa2Cu3O7-delta. The location of these jumps in the H-T plane coincides with the location of the resistive drops measured on the same sample. These results demonstrate the existence of a first-order melting transition of the flux line lattice in YBa2Cu3O7-delta. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Welp, U (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 251 Z9 251 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4809 EP 4812 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4809 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500040 ER PT J AU Marshall, DS Dessau, DS Loeser, AG Park, CH Matsuura, AY Eckstein, JN Bozovic, I Fournier, P Kapitulnik, A Spicer, WE Shen, ZX AF Marshall, DS Dessau, DS Loeser, AG Park, CH Matsuura, AY Eckstein, JN Bozovic, I Fournier, P Kapitulnik, A Spicer, WE Shen, ZX TI Unconventional electronic structure evolution with hole doping in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta: Angle-resolved photoemission results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; FERMI-SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MECHANISM; STATE AB We report angle-resolved photoemission results on Bi2Sr2Ca1-xDyxCu2O8+delta and oxygen depleted Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta investigating the electronic structure changes above T-c in materials with hole doping levels ranging from insulating to slightly overdoped. Near optimal hole doping, the Fermi surface is large and consistent with band calculations. In underdoped samples with T-c of 60-70 K, portions of this Fermi surface are not seen. This change is related to the opening of an energy gap near (pi, 0) above T-c. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC,GINZTON RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Marshall, DS (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,SOLID STATE LAB,MCCULLOGH 251,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 31 TC 555 Z9 560 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4841 EP 4844 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4841 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500048 ER PT J AU Wang, LS Wu, HB Desai, SR AF Wang, LS Wu, HB Desai, SR TI Sequential oxygen atom chemisorption on surfaces of small iron clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOEMISSION; FE(110); SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; OXIDATION; LEVEL; FEXO AB We report photoelectron spectra of iron oxide clusters, FecOy- (x = 1-4, y = 1-6). For a given x, we find that the electron affinity increases with the number of O atoms, consistent with an increasing degree of oxidation. The results are interpreted based on charge transfer interactions between the Fe-x clusters and the O atoms, and provide key information about the oxide cluster structures, in which each O atom is suggested to locate pn the surface of the clusters for the x = 3 and 4 series. These clusters provide novel model systems to understand the electronic structure of bulk iron oxides. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, EMSL, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 25 BP 4853 EP 4856 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4853 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR095 UT WOS:A1996UR09500051 ER PT J AU Parrish, JM Austin, EW Stevens, DK Kinder, DH Bull, RJ AF Parrish, JM Austin, EW Stevens, DK Kinder, DH Bull, RJ TI Haloacetate-induced oxidative damage to DNA in the liver of male B6C3F1 mice SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chlorinated and brominated haloacetates; 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; peroxisome proliferation ID SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; SIGNIFICANT INCREASE; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; RATS; 8-HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE; 8-HYDROXYGUANINE; CLOFIBRATE; REPAIR AB Brominated and chlorinated haloacetates (HAs) are by-products of drinking water disinfection. Dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA) are hepatocarcinogenic in rodents, but the brominated analogs have received little study. Prior work has indicated that acute doses of the brominated derivatives are more potent inducers of oxidative stress and increase the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) content of the nuclear DNA in the liver. Since, DCA and TCA are also known as weak peroxisome proliferators, the present study was intended to determine whether this activity might be exacerbated by peroxisomal proliferation. Classical responses to peroxisome proliferators, cyanide-insensitive acyl-CoA oxidase activity and increased 12-hydroxylation of lauric acid, were elevated in a dose-related manner in mice maintained on TCA and clofibric acid (positive control), but not with DCA, dibromoacetate (DBA) or bromochloroacetate (BCA). Administration of the HAs in drinking water to male B6C3F1 mice for periods from 3 to 10 weeks resulted in dose-related increases in 8-OH-dG in nuclear DNA of the liver with DBA and BCA, but not with TCA or DCA. These findings indicate that oxidative damage induced by the haloacetates is, at least in part, independent of peroxisome proliferation. In addition, these data suggest that oxidative damage to DNA may play a more important role in the chronic toxicology of brominated compared to the chlorinated haloacetates. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PHARMACOL TOXICOL GRAD PROGRAM, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. OHIO NO UNIV, COLL PHARM, ADA, OH 45810 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, MOL BIOSCI DEPT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01-ESO4648] NR 23 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 110 IS 1-3 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03342-2 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA UQ569 UT WOS:A1996UQ56900011 PM 8658551 ER PT J AU Chasis, JA Coulombel, L McGee, S Lee, G Tchernia, G Conboy, J Mohandas, N AF Chasis, JA Coulombel, L McGee, S Lee, G Tchernia, G Conboy, J Mohandas, N TI Differential use of protein 4.1 translation initiation sites during erythropoiesis: Implications for a mutation-induced stage-specific deficiency of protein 4.1 during erythroid development SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE SKELETAL PROTEIN-4.1; INSERTION DELETION MUTATIONS; ACTIN BINDING DOMAIN; HEREDITARY ELLIPTOCYTOSIS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; BAND 4.1; SPECTRIN; CELLS; EXPRESSION AB Expression of multiple protein 4.1 isoforms in erythroid progenitors and in a variety of nonerythroid tissues results from alternative pre-mRNA splicing. In 4.1 pre-mRNA, several translation initiation sites are present; synthesis of isoforms larger than 80 kD occurs when an upstream 5' AUG is spliced in, whereas the 80-kD mature erythroid isoform is produced when the upstream AUG is spliced out and translation is initiated at the downstream AUG, During erythropoiesis, this splicing switch is developmentally regulated. We studied this developmental switch in hereditary elliptocytosis 4.1(Alg), in which a DNA rearrangement involving the exon containing the downstream AUG results in loss of coding capacity for the 80-kD 4.1, leading to mature red blood cells deficient in 4.1 with decreased membrane mechanical stability. Analysis of erythroblast RNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed that, although it retained the upstream AUG, its coding region was similar to 2.2 kb, compared with similar to 2.5 kb of normal 4.1 mRNA, because of the deletion of exons, including the one that codes for the downstream AUG. Immunofluorescent microscopy and Western blot analysis documented protein 4.1 expression in HE 4.1(Alg) erythroblasts. These studies emphasize the crucial role of differentiation-regulated RNA splicing because, within the same erythroid tissue, the HE 4.1(Alg) phenotype did not appear until after the differentiation-associated splicing event, (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED & LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP Chasis, JA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BLDG 74,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 26263, DK 32094] NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 87 IS 12 BP 5324 EP 5331 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UQ709 UT WOS:A1996UQ70900045 PM 8652848 ER PT J AU Chiang, PW Wang, SQ Smithivas, P Song, WJ Ramamoorthy, S Hillman, J Puett, S VanKeuren, ML Crombez, E Kumar, A Glover, TW Miller, DE Tsai, CH Blackburn, CC Chen, XN Sun, ZG Cheng, JF Korenberg, JR Kurnit, DM AF Chiang, PW Wang, SQ Smithivas, P Song, WJ Ramamoorthy, S Hillman, J Puett, S VanKeuren, ML Crombez, E Kumar, A Glover, TW Miller, DE Tsai, CH Blackburn, CC Chen, XN Sun, ZG Cheng, JF Korenberg, JR Kurnit, DM TI Identification and analysis of the human and murine putative chromatin structure regulator SUPT6H and Supt6h SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; SPT6; TRANSCRIPTION; REGIONS; ENCODES; SEARCH; GENE AB We have isolated and sequenced SUPT6H and Supt6h, the human and murine homologues of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans genes SPT6 (P using 1603 aa = 6.7 e-(95)) and emb-5 (P using 1603 aa = 7.0 e-(288)), respectively. The human and murine SPT6 homologues are virtually identical, as they share >98% identity and >99% similarity at the protein level. The derived amino acid sequences of these two genes predict a 1603-aa protein (human) and a 1726-bp protein (mouse), respectively. There were several known features, including a highly acidic 5'-region, a degenerate SH2 domain, and a leucine zipper. These features are consistent with a nuclear protein that regulates transcription, whose extreme conservation underscores the likely importance of this gene in mammalian development. Expression of human and murine SPT6 homologues was analyzed by Northern blotting, which revealed a 7.0-kb transcript that was expressed constitutively. The SPT6 homologue was mapped to chromosome 17q11.2 in human by somatic cell hybrid analysis and in situ hybridization. These data indicate that SUPT6H and Supt6h are functionally analogous to SPT6 and emb-5 and may therefore regulate transcription through establishment or maintenance of chromatin structure. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR MED,DEPT HUMAN GENET,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR MED,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MED,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. UNIV OXFORD,JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSP,NUFFIELD DEPT MED,OXFORD,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CEDARS SINAI RES INST,DIV GENET,AHMANSON DEPT PEDIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA. RP Chiang, PW (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR MED,DEPT PEDIAT,1150 W MED CTR DR,3520 MSRB I,BOX 0650,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. RI Blackburn, Clare/B-2847-2009 OI Blackburn, Clare/0000-0002-6326-640X FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1 R01 HG00923]; NHLBI NIH HHS [1 R01 HL50025] NR 23 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 BP 328 EP 333 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0294 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UU191 UT WOS:A1996UU19100006 PM 8786132 ER PT J AU Lamerdin, JE Stilwagen, SA Ramirez, MH Stubbs, L Carrano, AV AF Lamerdin, JE Stilwagen, SA Ramirez, MH Stubbs, L Carrano, AV TI Sequence analysis of the ERCC2 gene regions in human, mouse, and hamster reveals three linked genes SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID KINESIN LIGHT-CHAIN; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19; REPAIR GENE; COSMID VECTORS; DNA HELICASE; REPLICATION; ASSIGNMENT; ISOFORMS; LINKAGE; PROTEIN AB The ERCC2 (excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair group 2) gene product is involved in transcription-coupled repair as an integral member of the basal transcription factor BTF2/TFIIH complex. Defects in this gene can result in three distinct human disorders, namely the cancer-prone syndrome xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D, trichothiodystrophy, and Cockayne syndrome. We report the comparative analysis of 91.6 kb of new sequence including 54.3 kb encompassing the human ERCC2 locus, the syntenic region in the mouse (32.6 kb), and a further 4.7 kb of sequence 3' of the previously reported ERCC2 region in the hamster, In addition to ERCC2, our analysis revealed the presence of two previously undescribed genes in all three species. The first is centromeric (in the human) to ERCC2 and is most similar to the kinesin light chain gene in sea urchin. The second gene is telomeric (in the human) tee ERCC2 and contains a motif found in ankyrins, some cell cycle proteins, and transcription factors. Multiple EST matches to this putative new gene indicate that it is expressed in several human tissues, including breast. The identification and description of two new genes provides potential candidate genes for disorders mapping to this region of 19q13.2. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Lamerdin, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 42 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 BP 399 EP 409 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0303 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UU191 UT WOS:A1996UU19100015 PM 8786141 ER PT J AU Liu, M Zandt, G AF Liu, M Zandt, G TI Convective thermal instabilities in the wake of the migrating Mendocino triple junction, California SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UPPER-MANTLE; NUMERICAL-SOLUTIONS; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; COAST RANGES; HEAT-FLOW; LITHOSPHERE; EVOLUTION; IMAGES; ZONE AB Whether the high seismic-velocity anomalies in the upper mantle under California represent cold downwelling mantle flow or fragments of the subducted Farallon plate has important implications for mantle dynamics related to the tectonic history of western North America. We investigate the former possibility by simulating the time-dependent thermal evolution in the asthenosphere beneath California, in the wake of the migrating Mendocino triple junction (MTJ), using a two-dimensional model that represents a transect parallel to the direction of the MTJ migration. For viscosity within the typical range for the asthenosphere beneath active tectonic regions (1x10(18) - 2x10(19) Pa s), our model predicts vigorous small-scale convection characterized by periodic formation of cold downwelling flows near the southern edge of the migrating Gorda plate. Within the relevant time frame, the predicted convective thermal structures are comparable to the major mantle features shown by seismic imaging. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT GEOSCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Liu, M (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT GEOL SCI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1573 EP 1576 DI 10.1029/96GL00727 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UT009 UT WOS:A1996UT00900007 ER PT J AU Oostrom, M Lenhard, RJ AF Oostrom, M Lenhard, RJ TI Radon transport into dwellings: Considering groundwater as a source SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; AIR; BUILDINGS; PRESSURE; MODEL; ENTRY; SOIL AB A mathematical model is used to investigate whether radon degassing from groundwater may contribute to indoor radon levels. Specifically, the transport of radon in the soil-gas phase from the groundwater-soil gas interface to under-pressurized dwellings is modelled. The question whether radon in groundwater may contribute to indoor radon levels arises from observed high radon concentrations in groundwater, and recent findings that advection in the gas phase may be an important transport mechanism for radon into slightly under-pressurized dwellings. Most previous radon transport investigations did not consider groundwater as a potential source for contributing to indoor radon. The mathematical model includes a method to directly calculate indoor radon concentrations and an equivalent continuum approach to represent cracks in concrete foundations. The results of the simulations indicate that partitions from groundwater to the soil advectively transported by the gas phase to slightly under-pressurized dwellings in relatively permeable soils such that indoor radon concentrations may exceed 148 Bq/m(3), which is the action limit imposed by EPA. C1 SULTAN QABOOS UNIV, COLL AGR, DEPT SOIL & WATER SCI, AL KHOUD, OMAN. RP Oostrom, M (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM TECHNOL DIV, POB 999, MS K9-33, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1577 EP 1580 DI 10.1029/96GL01433 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UT009 UT WOS:A1996UT00900008 ER PT J AU Gan, X Duesler, EN Paine, RT Smith, PH AF Gan, X Duesler, EN Paine, RT Smith, PH TI Synthesis and coordination properties of 6,6'-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine-N,N',P,P'-tetraoxide SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE crystal structures; lanthanide complexes; polydentate ligand complexes; chelate complexes ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; LIGANDS AB The ligand 6,6'-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine-N,N',P,P'-tetraoxide(7) is prepared by oxidation of the parent phosphine 6,6'-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine(10). Combination of the oxidized ligand with lanthanide nitrates Ln(NO3)(3) .(H2O)(n) (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Dy, Er) results in formation of 2:1 metal:ligand complexes, and the molecular structure of one complex, [Nd(7)(2)](NO3)(3) .[(CH3)(2)NC(O)H](2), is described. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a=20.617(4), b=22.736(6), c=18.455(3) Angstrom, beta= 98.35(1)degrees and Z=4. The molecular structure confirms the bis-ligand stoichiometry and shows that the two ligands are tetradentate. The Nd coordination number is eight, and the NO3- ions and solvent molecules are not involved in inner sphere coordination. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT CHEM, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 247 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04830-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA XV074 UT WOS:A1996XV07400005 ER PT J AU Tuszewski, M AF Tuszewski, M TI An electronegative inductive discharge instability SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-IONS AB An instability has been observed with Langmuir probes in cylindrical inductive discharges operated with low electronegative gas pressures. The instability consists of ion density modulations that propagate axially and radially at the ion acoustic speed. Measurements and calculations of negative ion concentrations in oxygen discharges suggest that the radial distribution and the magnitude of the density drops are consistent with the negative ion population. The instability appears to be a periodic expulsion of most negative ions from the plasma core. The cause of the modulations remains to be clarified. The instability may provide valuable information on negative ion concentrations and temperatures in a low pressure regime where measurements of those parameters are difficult. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Tuszewski, M (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 12 BP 8967 EP 8975 DI 10.1063/1.362666 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT341 UT WOS:A1996UT34100015 ER PT J AU Chau, R Maple, MB Nellis, WJ AF Chau, R Maple, MB Nellis, WJ TI Shock compaction of SmCo5 particles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH; ENERGY AB Fine ferromagnetic particles (1-10 mu m) of SmCo5 were compacted using shock pressures of 1.7-27 GPa ((71-270 kbar)). One-piece disks were produced with pressures in the range 2-9 GPa. X-ray-diffraction measurements revealed no changes in the composition of the compacted SmCo5 for shock pressures below 15 GPa. Magnetic properties of the shocked samples were measured with a superconducting quantum interference magnetometer. In the pressure range 2-9 GPa, the shocked specimens exhibit high intrinsic coercivity H-ci. Below 2 GPa, lower values of coercivity were observed, presumably caused by incomplete bonding of particles. Above 10 GPa the intrinsic coercivity drops suddenly and levels off at higher pressures. The remnant magnetization B-r, exhibits a broad peak at 6 GPa and then falls off rapidly at higher pressures. The saturation magnetization M(s), has a peak near 10 GPa that correlates with the drop in coercivity. The hardness coefficient alpha, derived from a fit of the phenomenological ''law of approach'' formula to the hysteresis curve, shows a linear increase with pressure near 8 GPa. This suggests an increase of inclusions in the samples and con-elates with the drop in H-ci and the peak in M(s). There is a non-negligible linear contribution to the magnetization given by kappa H. The nonzero value of kappa suggests the possibility of incomplete saturation or paramagnetic impurities. Maximum values in coercivity H-ci, remnant magnetization B-r, and saturation magnetization M(s) are found at about 9 GPa. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,INST PURE & APPL PHYS SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94350. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV H,LIVERMORE,CA 94350. RP Chau, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 12 BP 9236 EP 9244 DI 10.1063/1.362598 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT341 UT WOS:A1996UT34100054 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Pike, GE Vanheusden, K Dimos, D Tuttle, BA Robertson, J AF Warren, WL Pike, GE Vanheusden, K Dimos, D Tuttle, BA Robertson, J TI Defect-dipole alignment and tetragonal strain in ferroelectrics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONATE TITANATE CERAMICS; DOPED BATIO3; DOMAIN STABILIZATION; THIN-FILMS; DEGRADATION; IDENTIFICATION; ORIGIN AB We show the alignment of defect dipoles along the direction of the spontaneous polarization in polycrystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 and BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The alignment is demonstrated:via orientation dependent paramagnetic centers in the polycrystalline materials and computer modeling of the EPR line shapes. It is shown that defect dipoles can become aligned by oxygen vacancy motion in the octahedron about a negatively charged center for the oxygen vacancy-related dipole complexes or by defect displacement and domain realignment in the lattice for isolated defect centers. We find that the alignment is not observed in nonferroelectric materials such as SrTiO3, and is destroyed in ferroelectric materials by heating above the Curie temperature. These observations suggest an interplay between distortion in the unit cell and the ability to align defect dipoles, as is the case more generally for ferroelectric dipole alignment. We also directly observe aligned intrinsic Ti and Pb ion displacements in the ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 perovskite unit cell. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT ENGN,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1PZ,ENGLAND. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 52 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 6 U2 56 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 12 BP 9250 EP 9257 DI 10.1063/1.362600 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT341 UT WOS:A1996UT34100056 ER PT J AU Tang, J AF Tang, J TI Electron transfer reactions in a non-Debye medium with frequency-dependent friction SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLAR-SOLVENTS; DIELECTRIC FRICTION; CONDENSED PHASES; RELAXATION-TIMES; DYNAMICS; KINETICS; MOTION; ACTIVATIONLESS; DISSIPATION; TRANSITION AB A generalized Zusman equation and its formal solution for electron transfer reactions in a non-Debye medium with frequency-dependent friction are presented. The derivation is based on the spin-boson model, representing a two-level system for a donor and an acceptor coupled to a non-Debye polar solvent bath. An analytical expression for the electron transfer rate constant will be derived using the Green's function method. Because of the time retardation in such a non-Markovian process, the initial electron-transfer reaction is influenced more by the higher frequency components in the solvent relaxation, whereas the long-time behavior is influenced more by the lower frequency components. Electron transfer processes in such a medium are therefore often nonexponential. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Tang, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Tang, Jau/D-8382-2012 OI Tang, Jau/0000-0003-2078-1513 NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 23 BP 9408 EP 9416 DI 10.1063/1.471706 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UQ672 UT WOS:A1996UQ67200015 ER PT J AU Zurek, AK Thissell, WR Johnson, JN Tonks, DL Hixson, R AF Zurek, AK Thissell, WR Johnson, JN Tonks, DL Hixson, R TI Micromechanics of spall and damage in tantalum SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Metal Forming CY JUN 23-26, 1996 CL AKADEMIA GORNICZO HUTNICZA, KRAKOW, POLAND SP Akad Gorniczo Hutnicza, Univ Birmingham HO AKADEMIA GORNICZO HUTNICZA DE spall; tantalum; void initiation; damage; impact experiments ID SOLIDS; RELEASE AB We conducted a number of plate impact experiments using an 80-mm launcher to study dynamic void initiation, linkup, and spall in tantalum. The tests ranged in shock pressure so that the transition from void initiation, incipient spall, and full spall could be studied. Wave profiles were measured using a velocity interferometry system (VISAR), and targets were recovered using ''soft'' recovery techniques. We utilized scanning electron microscopy, metallographic cross-sections, and plateau etching to obtain quantitative information concerning damage evolution in tantalum under spall conditions. The data (wave profiles and micrographs) are analyzed in terms of a new theory and model of dynamic damage cluster growth. RP Zurek, AK (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-0136 J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH JI J. Mater. Process. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 1-4 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1016/0924-0136(96)02340-0 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UT573 UT WOS:A1996UT57300042 ER PT J AU Greenberg, DS Park, JK Schwabe, EJ AF Greenberg, DS Park, JK Schwabe, EJ TI The cost of complex communication on simple networks SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB Endowing a communication network with the ability to realize arbitrary communication patterns is an expensive proposition, both in hardware and in system software. One might instead ask whether, for a given application program, a simple network can be built that performs well for that particular program, In this paper, we model an application program by the set of communication patterns it uses, We then consider the problem of determining when such a set of communication patterns is suitable for fast realization on a simple network, We show that the question of whether there exists a simple, inexpensive network for an algorithm is closely related to the VLSI layout question, In particular, we show how the VLSI framework can be used to produce a simple test that tells how complex such a network must be, Within this context we show that, contrary to common wisdom, the communication necessary for block-matrix transpose does not require complex hardware-in fact, it is efficiently realizable on a mesh, However, other important patterns, such as perfect shuffle, do indeed require either expensive hardware or large amounts of message congestion. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 BREMER ASSOCIATES INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP Greenberg, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,MAIL STOP 1110,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0743-7315 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 133 EP 141 DI 10.1006/jpdc.1996.0076 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA UY651 UT WOS:A1996UY65100003 ER PT J AU Albert, DE Thompson, AW AF Albert, DE Thompson, AW TI Effect of stress-temperature regimes on creep mechanisms in Ti-24Al-11Nb SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE creep mechanisms; stress; temperature ID SUPERPLASTICITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR AB The steady state creep rate (SSCR) of various microstructures of Ti-24Al-11Nb (a/o) has been determined. SSCR vs. stress and vs. temperature curves were determined to find Q(a), apparent creep activation energy, and to investigate n, power law stress exponent. At law stresses, apparent creep activation energies determined for all microstructures were found to be between 106 kJ mol(-1) and 156 kJ mol(-1), which agrees fairly well with the energy for self-diffusion in alpha titanium, and the energy of interdiffusion on the Al-rich side of the alpha(2) phase in Ti3Al, both having a value of 150 kJ mol(-1). In many SSCR vs. stress curves, a slope change was observed in the stress range investigated. As temperature increased, slopes decreased towards unity, suggesting that different creep mechanisms, i.e. dislocation creep and diffusional creep, may be rate-controlling in different stress-temperature regimes. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Albert, DE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,MAIL STOP G755,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 210 IS 1-2 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)10087-3 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UX633 UT WOS:A1996UX63300006 ER PT J AU Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Bennett, DP Charles, PA Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Guern, J Lehner, MJ Livio, M Marshall, SL Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Southwell, KA Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Welch, DL AF Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Bennett, DP Charles, PA Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Guern, J Lehner, MJ Livio, M Marshall, SL Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Southwell, KA Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Welch, DL TI Optical variability of the large magellanic cloud supersoft source RX J0513.9-6951 from MACHO project photometry SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter DE accretion, accretion discs; binaries, close; binaries, spectroscopic; stars, individual, RX J0513.9- 6951; magellanic clouds; X-rays, stars ID X-RAY BINARY; SPACED DATA; LMC; CAL-87 AB Using the exceptional monitoring capabilities of the MACHO project, we present here the optical history of the LMC supersoft source (SSS) RX J0513.9 - 6951, for a continuous 3-year period, Recurring low states, in which the optical brightness drops by up to a magnitude, are observed at quasi-regular intervals, This provides a crucial insight into the nature of the supersoft sources and, in particular, a chance to investigate the poorly understood behaviour of their accretion discs. Analysis of the high-state data reveals a small modulation of semi-amplitude similar to 0.02 mag at P = 0.762 78+/-0.000 05 d, a period which is consistent with the current 'best' suggested spectroscopic value. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,SUPERCOMP FACIL,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV,WESTON,ACT 2611,AUSTRALIA. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT ASTROPHYS,NUCL & ASTROPHYS LAB,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. RP Alcock, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; NR 27 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 280 IS 4 BP L49 EP L53 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UT637 UT WOS:A1996UT63700002 ER PT J AU Moreno, JC Nilsen, J Li, YL Lu, PX Fill, EE AF Moreno, JC Nilsen, J Li, YL Lu, PX Fill, EE TI Two-dimensional near-field images of the neonlike germanium soft-x-ray laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present what are believed to be the first two-dimensional near-field images of the neonlike germanium x-ray laser obtained with multilayer imaging mirrors. The Asterix iodine laser, with a low-intensity prepulse 5.23 ns before the main pulse, Nas used to irradiate germanium slab targets. We observe a large difference in the spatial dependence of the J = 0-1 and J = 2-1 lines of germanium, with the J = 2-1 emission peaking farther away from the target surface. The prepulse level is also observed to have a significant effect on the spatial dependence of the germanium laser lines. A great deal of structure is observed in the near-field images, particularly in the J = 0-1 emission. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP Moreno, JC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Li, Yuelin/0000-0002-6229-7490 NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 12 BP 866 EP 868 DI 10.1364/OL.21.000866 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UP085 UT WOS:A1996UP08500010 PM 19876185 ER PT J AU Fittinghoff, DN Bowie, JL Sweetser, JN Jennings, RT Krumbugel, MA DeLong, KW Trebino, R Walmsley, IA AF Fittinghoff, DN Bowie, JL Sweetser, JN Jennings, RT Krumbugel, MA DeLong, KW Trebino, R Walmsley, IA TI Measurement of the intensity and phase of ultraweak, ultrashort laser pulses SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We show that frequency-resolved optical gating combined with spectral interferometry yields an extremely sensitive and general method for temporal characterization of nearly arbitrarily weak ultrashort. pulses even when the reference pulses is not transform limited. We experimentally demonstrate measurement of the full time-dependent intensity and phase of a train of pulses with an average energy of 42 zeptojoules (42 x 10(-21) J), or less than one photon per pulse. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,INST OPT,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP Fittinghoff, DN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 15 TC 153 Z9 153 U1 7 U2 25 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 12 BP 884 EP 886 DI 10.1364/OL.21.000884 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UP085 UT WOS:A1996UP08500016 PM 19876191 ER PT J AU Olson, P Glatzmaier, GA AF Olson, P Glatzmaier, GA TI Magnetoconvection and thermal coupling of the Earth's core and mantle SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Discussion Meeting on Developments in High-Pressure, High-Temperature Research and the Study of the Earths Deep Interior CY JAN 25-26, 1995 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP Royal Soc London ID GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; CONVECTION; REVERSALS; SYMMETRY; BOUNDARY; GEOMETRY; PATHS; SHELL; POLES; MYR AB Numerical calculations of finite amplitude magnetoconvection in a rotating spherical shell are used to investigate the thermal coupling of the Earth's core to the mantle. From the observed distribution of lower mantle seismic velocity heterogeneity we construct a pattern of heat flow on the core-mantle boundary consisting of a spherical average go plus heterogeneity with amplitude Delta q. For Delta q/q(0) = 0, corresponding to a homogeneous lower mantle, convection in the presence of a strong toroidal magnetic field consists of nearly axisymmetric magnetostrophic flow inside the inner-core tangent cylinder and a single large-scale spiraling columnar plume outside the tangent cylinder. Interaction of the columnar plume with the toroidal field induces patches of radial magnetic field distributed symmetrically with respect to the equator, For Delta q/q(0) = 10, corresponding to a strongly heterogeneous lower mantle, stably stratified regions develop below warm mantle and enhanced convection develops below cold mantle. This modulation of the convection pattern breaks the columnar structure of core motions and destroys the equatorial symmetry of the induced magnetic field, without locking it to the mantle. Our results indicate that mantle structure is of secondary importance, compared with rotation, in controlling the structure of the geomagnetic field. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87515 USA. RP Olson, P (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 354 IS 1711 BP 1413 EP 1424 DI 10.1098/rsta.1996.0055 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV111 UT WOS:A1996UV11100012 ER PT J AU Woicik, JC Kendelewicz, T Yoshikawa, SA Miyano, KE Herman, GS Cowan, PL Pianetta, P Spicer, WE AF Woicik, JC Kendelewicz, T Yoshikawa, SA Miyano, KE Herman, GS Cowan, PL Pianetta, P Spicer, WE TI Surface-sensitive x-ray standing-wave study of Si(111)root 3x root 3-Ag SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SQUARE-ROOT-3-AG SURFACE; AG/SI(111) SURFACE; SI(111); DIFFRACTION; RECONSTRUCTION; AG; GROWTH; AES; NUCLEATION AB By combining the surface sensitivity of low-energy elastic photoelectrons with the position sensitivity of the x-ray standing-wave technique, we have determined both the Ag and Si atomic heights at the Si(lll)root 3x root 3-Ag interface. Our data give evidence that the Si(lll)root 3x root 3-Ag surface consists of a missing Si top-layer reconstruction, with Ag adatoms terminating the structure. The perpendicular height of the Ag layer and the first Si layer supports the honeycomb-chained-trimer model proposed for this interface. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. CUNY BROOKLYN COLL, BROOKLYN, NY 11210 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, CHICAGO, IL 60439 USA. RP Woicik, JC (reprint author), NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15425 EP 15428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15425 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000013 ER PT J AU Martin, RL AF Martin, RL TI Electronic localization in the cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CU OXIDES; PARAMETERS; CLUSTER; METAL; MECHANISM; LA2CUO4; MODEL AB A simplified three-band model for the cuprates is proposed which reproduces three qualitatively interesting features of the electronic structure of these materials. These are the intense satellite peak observed in the photoemission spectrum, the antiferromagnetic coupling of Cu 3d spins, and the tendency toward localization of doped holes, as evidenced by the broken-symmetry solutions observed in ab initio quantum chemistry calculations in these materials. The first two are well known to derive from the large Coulomb repulsion associated with the Cu 3d orbital; it is shown that the last also follows from this fact. It is furthermore demonstrated that more sophisticated three-band models, when studied in the parameter regime believed to be appropriate to these materials, also exhibit this tendency toward localization. It is stressed that this feature is a consequence of the strong rehybridization and resulting reduction of the kinetic and Coulomb energies, accompanying the introduction of two holes on a single CuO6 unit. RP Martin, RL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B268,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15501 EP 15512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15501 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000033 ER PT J AU Filipponi, A DiCicco, A Pianetta, P Kendelewicz, T AF Filipponi, A DiCicco, A Pianetta, P Kendelewicz, T TI Evidence for [1s2p]3p shake-up channels in compounds and oxides of third-period elements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE CRYSTAL MONOCHROMATOR; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM; NE AB X-ray photoemission spectra (XPS) of NaF, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, InP, and NaH2PO4 collected using synchrotron radiation in the 1900-3400-eV energy range are reported. Accurate XPS spectra have been collected around the Na, Mg, Al, Si, and P 1s photoemission peaks including a region extending for a few hundred eV on the high-binding-energy side. Clear features associated with additional excitations of 2p electrons, more evident in low-Z elements, have been identified. The fine structure of these satellites, dominated by the lower-upper splitting, has been studied in different compounds as a function of the photon energy. Energy positions and splitting are consistent with theoretical predictions. C1 UNIV CAMERINO,DIPARTIMENTO MATEMAT & FIS,I-62032 CAMERINO,ITALY. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Filipponi, A (reprint author), EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIAT FACIL,BOITE POSTALE 220,F-38043 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RI Filipponi, Adriano/P-7796-2015 OI Filipponi, Adriano/0000-0002-3870-5853 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15571 EP 15576 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15571 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000041 ER PT J AU Li, QM Chan, CT Ho, KM Soukoulis, CM AF Li, QM Chan, CT Ho, KM Soukoulis, CM TI Wave propagation in nonlinear photonic band-gap materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER; OPTICAL-RESPONSE; BISTABILITY; SOLITONS; SUPERLATTICES; MEDIA AB We study theoretically the propagation of electromagnetic waves through periodic structures consistent of layered materials with an intensity-dependent dielectric constant. We find the transmission properties to be strongly modulated by both frequency and intensity in the presence of nonlinearity. The transmission diagram in the frequency versus amplitude plane exhibits distinctive features depending upon whether the Kerr coefficient is positive or negative. These features, though complicated, can be understood through the analysis of stable periodic orbits of the corresponding nonlinear mapping. These systems exhibit bistability and multistability most strongly near the upper band edges and between the basins of stable periodic orbits. Resonance transmissions via soliton formation are analyzed through a simple mechanical analogy. We also discuss the switching threshold and the feasibility of making a switch utilizing such a structure. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. HONG KONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,HONG KONG,HONG KONG. RP Li, QM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 19 TC 71 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15577 EP 15585 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15577 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000042 ER PT J AU DalCorso, A Mauri, F Rubio, A AF DalCorso, A Mauri, F Rubio, A TI Density-functional theory of the nonlinear optical susceptibility: Application to cubic semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PERTURBATION-THEORY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; SYSTEMS; SOLIDS; STATES; FIELD AB We present a general scheme for the computation of the time-dependent (TD) quadratic susceptibility (chi((2))) of an extended insulator obtained by applying the ''2n + 1'' theorem to the action functional as defined in TD density-functional theory. The resulting expression for chi((2)) includes self-consistent local-field effects, and is a simple function of the linear response of the system. We compute the static chi((2)) of nine III-V and five II-VI semiconductors using the local density approximation (LDA), obtaining good agreement with experiment. For GaP we also evaluate the TD chi((2)) for second-harmonic generation using TD-LDA. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV VALLADOLID,DEPT FIS TEOR,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN. RP DalCorso, A (reprint author), INST ROMAND RECH NUMER PHYS MAT,IN ECUBLENS,CH-1015 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. RI Dal Corso, Andrea/A-5745-2008; Rubio, Angel/A-5507-2008; mauri, francesco/K-5726-2012 OI Rubio, Angel/0000-0003-2060-3151; mauri, francesco/0000-0002-6666-4710 NR 24 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15638 EP 15642 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000049 ER PT J AU Wood, RF Geist, GA Liu, CL AF Wood, RF Geist, GA Liu, CL TI Two-dimensional modeling of pulsed-laser irradiated alpha-Si and other materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXPLOSIVE CRYSTALLIZATION; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; A-SI; DESORPTION AB A previously developed one-dimensional (1D) computational model for heat flow and nonequilibrium phase change phenomena induced by pulsed-laser irradiation has been extended to two dimensions. The 2D modeling focuses attention on the heat flow from localized sources embedded in an otherwise planar matrix. For example, nucleation events occurring in undercooled liquids such as molten Si formed by pulsed-laser melting of amorphous Si (a-Si) and inhomogeneous absorption due to randomly occurring defects in targets used for pulsed-laser ablation can be treated. Concepts introduced in the 1D modeling, such as the state diagram and the state array, have been extended to 2D and refined. As an example of the calculations that are now possible, the laser-induced formation and propagation of buried liquid layers are followed in two dimensions for the case of a-Si on a crystalline silicon substrate. It is demonstrated how solid phase growth, though originating from individual nucleation sites, gives rise to a nearly planar liquid layer propagating through the a-Si. Two other examples briefly address questions related to the early stages of the laser ablation of insulators such as MgO, where it is believed that the absorption of the laser radiation occurs at localized but extended regions of high defect concentrations, and to particulate ejection during laser ablation of many materials. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Wood, RF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15863 EP 15870 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15863 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000076 ER PT J AU Nelson, JS Jones, ED Myers, SM Follstaedt, DM Hjalmarson, HP Schirber, JE Schneider, RP Fouquet, JE Robbins, VM Carey, KW AF Nelson, JS Jones, ED Myers, SM Follstaedt, DM Hjalmarson, HP Schirber, JE Schneider, RP Fouquet, JE Robbins, VM Carey, KW TI Compositional dependence of the luminescence of In-0.49(AlyGa1-y)(0.51)P alloys near the direct-indirect band-gap crossover SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; SPECIAL POINTS; GROWTH; MOCVD; ALGAINP; ENERGY; GAINP; HETEROSTRUCTURES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SCATTERING AB A number of complementary experimental characterization tools and theoretical band structure methods were used to determine unambiguously the band-edge luminescence as a function of Al concentration, and to place an upper limit on the short-wavelength emission of InAlGaP alloys lattice matched to GaAs. In particular, the direct-to-indirect band-gap crossing has been determined by analyzing a series of metalorganic vapor phase-epitaxy-grown In-0.49(AlyGa1-y)(0.51)P alloys lattice matched to GaAs with double-crystal x-ray analysis, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, pressure- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence, and transmission electron microscopy. The experimental measurements are compared to first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential band structure calculations for the ternary end points, InGaP and InAlP. The maximum room temperature direct band gap is found to be 2.24 eV, corresponding to an Al composition of y = 0.52 +/- 0.02, in good agreement with the theoretical prediction of 0.58 +/- 0.05. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,SEMICOND NANOSTRUCT PHYS DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SANDIA NATL LABS,CPD SEMICOND TECHNOL DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SANDIA NATL LABS,SOLID STATE SCI DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SANDIA NATL LABS,SEMICOND MAT DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. HEWLETT PACKARD LABS,PALO ALTO,CA 94303. RP Nelson, JS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,SEMICOND MAT & DEVICE SCI DEPT,MS-0601,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15893 EP 15901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15893 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000080 ER PT J AU Glutsch, S Chemla, DS AF Glutsch, S Chemla, DS TI Transition to one-dimensional behavior in the optical absorption of quantum-well wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OF-MASS QUANTIZATION; COULOMB ATTRACTION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EXCITONS; SPECTRA AB We calculate the optical absorption of quantum-well wires for a large variety of wire widths, taking into account Coulomb interaction, unequal electron and hole effective masses, and continuum states. A transition from a two-dimensional semiconductor to a one-dimensional semiconductor is observed as the wire width is reduced. Absorption lines that are forbidden in the free-particle case appear as a result of Coulomb coupling. By comparison of different effective-mass ratios, we rigorously show that the dominant lines are related to the center-of-mass motion of excitons. The Influence of a finite length and a finite thickness is studied. The one-subband approximation is found to correctly describe the extreme one-dimensional limit. A comparison with realistic dimensions, however, demonstrates the shortcoming of that approximation for quantitative predictions. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Glutsch, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15902 EP 15908 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15902 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000081 ER PT J AU Zuo, JK Carpinelli, JM Zehner, DM Wendelken, JF AF Zuo, JK Carpinelli, JM Zehner, DM Wendelken, JF TI Scanning-tunneling-microscopy study of faceting on high-step-density TaC surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; CRYSTAL SHAPES; RECONSTRUCTION; TRANSITION; MODEL; METAL AB We have studied the morphologies of the TaC(310), (210), and (110) surfaces using scanning tunneling microscopy. Heating the crystals to high temperatures activates a faceting of these surfaces into a hill-and-valley structure consisting of enlarged (100) terraces and (010) step walls. Step-separation distributions obtained from these surfaces can be well fit by sharp Gaussians and are much narrower than predicted for the noninteracting terrace-step-kink model, indicating a strong repulsive interaction exists between steps on the faceted surfaces. This faceting is suggested to be driven by a decrease in the total step repulsive energy through a reduction of the total number of step pairs. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Zuo, JK (reprint author), SW MISSOURI STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,SPRINGFIELD,MO 65804, USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 16013 EP 16018 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.16013 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000093 ER PT J AU Klepeis, JE Terminello, LJ LapianoSmith, DA AF Klepeis, JE Terminello, LJ LapianoSmith, DA TI Imaging of a surface state from clean Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MULTILAYER RELAXATION; PHOTOEMISSION; GEOMETRY; ENERGY; RESONANCE; DENSITY; CU(100); CL AB First-principles electronic structure calculations and multiple-angle valence-band photoelectron spectroscopy were combined to image a clean surface-related electronic state of the Cu(001) surface. The surface band cresting at 4.30 eV below the Fermi level was computed to have a density of states at the lower end of the bulk Cu d bands. Based on the results of first-principles calculations for the clean and Cl-covered surfaces, we were able to successfully measure the surface state by taking a ratio of clean versus Cl-covered isoenergetic valence electron angular distributions. We have also carried out first-principles total-energy calculations for the multilayer atomic relaxation of the clean Cu(001) surface, and found that the topmost interlayer separation contracts by 2.9% relative to the bulk value, while the second interlayer is essentially unchanged and the third interlayer contracts by only 0.1%. C1 IBM RES CORP,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP Klepeis, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 16035 EP 16040 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.16035 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000096 ER PT J AU Harada, Y Fujii, K Ohyama, T Itoh, KM Haller, EE AF Harada, Y Fujii, K Ohyama, T Itoh, KM Haller, EE TI Stark broadening of impurity absorption lines by inhomogeneous electric fields in highly compensated germanium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; SHALLOW DONORS; QUANTUM-WELL AB Stark broadening of Zeeman absorption lines caused by inhomogeneous electric fields in highly compensated Ge has been studied by means of far-infrared magneto-optical absorption spectroscopy measurements. A number of transmutation-doped Ge single crystals with a systematically varying compensation ratio were employed. The broadening of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of an absorption line of the Ga acceptor is studied as a function of excitation light intensity with above-band-gap energy. The FWHM increases with decreasing intensity of the band-edge light excitation. Observation of the theoretically predicted 4/3-power law of Stark broadening, due to ionized impurities, is reported. The line broadening originates in the Stark affect, due to inhomogeneous electric fields caused by the random distribution of ionized impurities. In order to understand the mechanism for the line broadening in detail, a numerical approach based on a Monte Carlo simulation has been performed. The results of this simulation show that the inhomogeneity of the field distribution becomes larger with increasing concentration of ionized impurities. The simulation based on a perfectly random distribution for an initial impurity arrangement gives a Fairly good agreement with the experimental results. We conclude that the distribution of impurities in transmutation-doped Ge samples is close to random. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Harada, Y (reprint author), OSAKA UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT PHYS,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. RI Itoh, Kohei/C-5738-2014 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 24 BP 16272 EP 16278 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.16272 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WR762 UT WOS:A1996WR76200027 ER PT J AU McCluskey, MD Haller, EE Walukiewicz, W Becla, P AF McCluskey, MD Haller, EE Walukiewicz, W Becla, P TI Hydrogen passivation of Se and Te in ALSb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-MODES; GAAS; NEUTRALIZATION; ABSORPTION; COMPLEXES; CRYSTALS; DONOR AB Using infrared absorption spectroscopy we have observed local vibrational modes (LVM's) arising from DX-hydrogen complex in AlSb. Hydrogen was diffused into bulk AlSb:Se and AlSb:Te by annealing in sealed quartz ampoules with either hydrogen gas or methanol (CH3OH). The persistent photoabsorption of the DX-like Se donor is significantly reduced after hydrogenation. In hydrogenated AlSb:Se, we attribute the LVM peaks at 1608.6 and 1615.7 cm(-1) to hydrogen stretch modes. Deuterated AlSb:Se has only one stretch mode at 1173.3 cm(-1). The second, third, and fourth harmonics of the wag modes are observed and show splittings consistent with C-3v symmetry. In AlSb:Te, we find a hydrogen stretch mode at 1599.0 cm(-1) and a deuterium mode at 1164.4 cm(-1). We propose a model in which the hydrogen attaches to an aluminum in a [111] antibonding orientation. C1 MIT, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 24 BP 16297 EP 16301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.16297 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WR762 UT WOS:A1996WR76200031 ER PT J AU Turner, MS White, M AF Turner, MS White, M TI Dependence of inflationary reconstruction upon cosmological parameters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPY; COLD DARK-MATTER; TENSOR PERTURBATIONS; UNIVERSE; CONSTANT; MODELS; RADIATION; SCALE AB The inflationary potential and its derivatives determine the spectrum of scalar and tensor metric perturbations that arise from quantum fluctuations during inflation, The CBR anisotropy offers a promising means of determining the spectra of metric perturbations and thereby a means of constraining the inflationary potential. The relation between the metric perturbations and CBR anisotropy depends upon cosmological parameters-most notably the possibility of a cosmological constant. Motivated by some observational evidence for a cosmological constant (large-scale structure, cluster-baryon fraction, measurements of the Hubble constant, and age of the Universe) we derive the reconstruction equations and consistency relation to second order in the presence of a cosmological constant. We also clarify previous notation and discuss alternative schemes for reconstruction. C1 UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RP FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, NASA, FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. RI White, Martin/I-3880-2015 OI White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070 NR 46 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 12 BP 6822 EP 6828 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.6822 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT168 UT WOS:A1996UT16800014 ER PT J AU Raval, A Hut, BL Anglin, J AF Raval, A Hut, BL Anglin, J TI Stochastic theory of accelerated detectors in a quantum field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GENERAL ENVIRONMENT; PARTICLE DETECTORS; BROWNIAN-MOTION; SPACE-TIME; DISSIPATION; OSCILLATOR; EQUATION AB We analyze the statistical mechanical properties of n detectors in arbitrary states of motion interacting with one another via a quantum field. We use the open system concept and the influence functional method to calculate the influence of quantum fields on detectors in motion, and the mutual influence of detectors via fields. We discuss the difference between self and mutual impedance, advanced and retarded noise, and the relations between noise-correlations and dissipation-propagation. The mutual effects of detectors on one another can be studied from the Langevin equations derived from the influence functional, as it contains the back reaction of the held on the system self-consistently. We show the existence of general fluctuation-dissipation relations, and for trajectories without event horizons, correlation-propagation relations, which succinctly encapsulate these quantum statistical phenomena. These findings serve to clarify some existing confusions on the accelerated detector problem. The general methodology presented here could also serve as a platform to explore the quantum statistical properties of particles and fields, with practical applications in atomic and optical physics problems. C1 INST ADV STUDY,SCH NAT SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. HONG KONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,KOWLOON,HONG KONG. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Raval, A (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 31 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 12 BP 7003 EP 7019 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.7003 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT168 UT WOS:A1996UT16800033 ER PT J AU Anglin, JR Zurek, WH AF Anglin, JR Zurek, WH TI Decoherence of quantum fields: Pointer states and predictability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BROWNIAN-MOTION; INTEGRAL APPROACH; WAVE PACKET; ENVIRONMENT; DISSIPATION AB We study environmentally induced decoherence of an electromagnetic field in a homogeneous, linear, dielectric medium. We derive an independent oscillator model for such an environment, which is sufficiently realistic to encompass essentially all linear physical optics. Applying the ''predictability sieve'' to the quantum field, and introducing the concept of a ''quantum halo,'' we recover the familiar dichotomy between background field configurations and photon excitations around them. We are then able to explain why a typical linear environment for the electromagnetic field will effectively render the former classically distinct, but leave the latter fully quantum mechanical. Finally, we suggest how and why quantum matter fields should suffer a very different form of decoherence. RP Anglin, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-6,MAIL STOP B288,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 12 BP 7327 EP 7335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.7327 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT168 UT WOS:A1996UT16800069 ER PT J AU Radhakrishnan, R Henager, CH Brimhall, JL Bhaduri, SB AF Radhakrishnan, R Henager, CH Brimhall, JL Bhaduri, SB TI Synthesis of Ti3SiC2/SiC and TiSi2/SiC composites using displacement reactions in the Ti-Si-C system SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Radhakrishnan, R (reprint author), UNIV IDAHO, DEPT MET & MIN ENGN, MOSCOW, ID 83844 USA. OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 15 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1809 EP 1814 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(95)00663-X PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UK431 UT WOS:A1996UK43100001 ER PT J AU Pinnaduwage, LA McCorkle, DL AF Pinnaduwage, LA McCorkle, DL TI Mass identification of negative ions in excimer-laser-irradiated triethylamine: Atomic rearrangements in electron attachment to highly excited states SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TERTIARY-AMINES; SUPEREXCITED STATES; NITRIC-OXIDE AB Efficient negative-ion formation via electron attachment to triethylamine (TEA) laser-excited to energies above its ionization potential had been reported; however, the evidence for negative-ion formation was indirect, and the identities of the negative ions were not known. In this Letter, we describe an apparatus where the negative (and positive) ions produced in a gas cell via laser irradiation can be extracted to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer for mass identification and present the results obtained for excimer-laser-irradiated TEA. It is shown that extensive atomic rearrangements can occur in dissociative electron attachment to highly excited states of polyatomic molecules. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, HLTH SCI RES DIV, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 255 IS 4-6 BP 410 EP 418 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00374-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UQ976 UT WOS:A1996UQ97600030 ER PT J AU Grigorieff, N Ceska, TA Downing, KH Baldwin, JM Henderson, R AF Grigorieff, N Ceska, TA Downing, KH Baldwin, JM Henderson, R TI Electron-crystallographic refinement of the structure of bacteriorhodopsin SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE bacteriorhodopsin; purple membrane; refinement; two-dimensional crystal; electron microscopy ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DRIVEN PROTON PUMP; FREE R-VALUE; PURPLE MEMBRANE; SCHIFF-BASE; HALOBACTERIUM-HALOBIUM; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE AB Using electron diffraction data corrected for diffuse scattering together with additional phase information from 30 new images of tilted specimens, an improved experimental density map has been calculated for bacteriorhodopsin. The atomic model has then been rebuilt into this new map with particular attention to the surface loops. All the residues from 7 to 227 as well as ten lipid molecules are now included, although a few amino acid residues in three of the six surface loops, about half of the lipid hydrophobic chains and all of the lipid head groups are disordered. The model has then been refined against the experimental diffraction amplitudes to an X-factor of 28% at 3.5 Angstrom resolution with strict geometry (0.005 Angstrom bond length deviation) using the improvement of the ''free'' phase residual between calculated and experimental phases from images as an objective criterion of accuracy. For the refinement some new programs were developed to restrain the number of parameters, to be compatible with the limited resolution of our data. In the final refined model of the protein (2BRD), compared with earlier co-ordinates (1BRD), helix D has been moved towards the cytoplasm by almost 4 Angstrom, and the overall accuracy of the co-ordinates of residues in the other six helices has been improved. As a result the positions of nearly all the important residues in bacteriorhodopsin are now well determined. In particular, the buried, protonated Asp115 is 7 Angstrom from, and so not in contact with, the retinal and Met118 forms a cap on the pocket occupied by the beta-ionone ring. No clear density exists for the side-chain of Arg82, which forms a central part of the extracellular half-channel. The only arginine side-chain built into good density is that of Arg134 at the extracellular end of helix E, the others being disordered near one of the two surfaces. The interpretation of the end of helix F on the extracellular surface is now clearer; an extra loose helical turn has been built bringing the side-chain of Glu194 close to Arg134 to form a probable salt bridge. The model provides an improved framework for understanding the mechanism of the light-driven proton pumping. A number of cavities that could contain water molecules were found by searching the refined model, most of them above or below the Schiff base in the half-channels leading to the two surfaces. The ordered and disordered regions of the structure are described by the temperature factor distribution. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Grigorieff, N (reprint author), MRC,MOLEC BIOL LAB,HILLS RD,CAMBRIDGE CB2 2QH,ENGLAND. NR 110 TC 787 Z9 797 U1 5 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 259 IS 3 BP 393 EP 421 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0328 PG 29 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UP667 UT WOS:A1996UP66700008 PM 8676377 ER PT J AU AlAjlouni, AM Espenson, JH AF AlAjlouni, AM Espenson, JH TI Kinetics and mechanism of the epoxidation of alkyl-substituted alkenes by hydrogen peroxide, catalyzed by methylrhenium trioxide SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS; OLEFINS; METHYLTRIOXORHENIUM; OXYGEN; DIMETHYLDIOXIRANE; MOLYBDENUM(VI); HYDROPEROXIDES; OXIDATION AB Epoxidations of alkyl-substituted alkenes, with hydrogen peroxide as the oxygen source, are catalyzed by CH3ReO3 (MTO). The kinetics of 28 such reactions were studied in 1:1 CH3CN-H2O at pH 1 and in methanol. To accommodate the different requirements of these reactions, H-1-NMR, spectrophotometric, and thermometric techniques were used to acquire kinetic data. High concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were used, so that diperoxorhenium complex CH3Re(O)(eta(2)-O-2)(2)(H2O), B, was the only predominant and reactive form of the catalyst. The reactions between B and the alkenes are about 1 order of magnitude more rapid in the semiaqueous solvent than in methanol. The various trends in reactivity are medium-independent. The rate constants for B with the aliphatic alkenes correlate closely with the number of alkyl groups on the olefinic carbons. The reactions become markedly slower when electron-attracting groups, such as halo, hydroxy, cyano, and carbonyl, are present. The rate constants for catalytic epoxidations with B and those reported for the stoichiometric reactions of dimethyldioxirane show very similar trends in reactivity. These findings suggest a concerted mechanism in which the electron-rich double bond of the alkene attacks a peroxidic oxygen of B. These data, combined with those reported for the epoxidation of styrene (a term intended to include related molecules with ring and/or aliphatic substituents) by B and by the monoperoxo derivative of MTO, suggest that all of the rhenium-catalyzed epoxidations occur by a common mechanism. The geometry of the system at the transition state can be inferred from these data, which suggest a spiro arrangement. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 38 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 61 IS 12 BP 3969 EP 3976 DI 10.1021/jo951774e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA UR686 UT WOS:A1996UR68600009 ER PT J AU Rice, JE Terry, JL Fournier, KB Graf, MA Finkenthal, M May, MJ Marmar, ES Goldstein, WH Hubbard, AE AF Rice, JE Terry, JL Fournier, KB Graf, MA Finkenthal, M May, MJ Marmar, ES Goldstein, WH Hubbard, AE TI X-ray and VUV observations of Mo23+-Mo33+ brightness profiles from Alcator C-Mod plasmas SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION COEFFICIENTS; SODIUM-LIKE IONS; EXCITATION-AUTOIONIZATION; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; ENERGY-LEVELS; SPECTRA; MOLYBDENUM; COPPER; IMPURITIES AB Brightness profiles of x-ray and vuv lines from eight molybdenum charge states between Mo23+ and Mo33(+) have been measured in Alcator C-Mod plasmas. These spatial profiles agree very well with those predicted by a model which includes ionization, recombination, excitation and transport. Comparison with the profiles of many different charge states provides severe constraints upon the rates used in the model. The charge state density profiles are calculated using measured impurity transport coefficients, measured electron density and temperature profiles and newly calculated ionization and recombination rate coefficients. These new rate coefficients include direct collisional ionization, excitation-autoionization, dielectronic and radiative recombination. Excitation-autoionization is shown to be an important process, since the excellent agreement between the measurements and predictions is obtained only with its inclusion. Fits to newly calculated excitation rate coefficients for the transitions are also presented. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP Rice, JE (reprint author), MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 45 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 11 BP 2191 EP 2208 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/29/11/011 PG 18 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA UQ636 UT WOS:A1996UQ63600011 ER PT J AU Zhu, XT Zhao, X Burkholder, WF Gragerov, A Ogata, CM Gottesman, ME Hendrickson, WA AF Zhu, XT Zhao, X Burkholder, WF Gragerov, A Ogata, CM Gottesman, ME Hendrickson, WA TI Structural analysis of substrate binding by the molecular chaperone DnaK SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; PEPTIDE-BINDING; ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION; UNCOATING PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ATP HYDROLYSIS; CALMODULIN; HSP70; NUCLEOTIDES AB DnaK and other members of the 70-kilodalton heat-shock protein (hsp70) family promote protein folding, interaction, and translocation, both constitutively and in response to stress, by binding to unfolded polypeptide segments. These proteins have two functional units: a substrate-binding portion binds the polypeptide, and an adenosine triphosphatase portion facilitates substrate exchange. The crystal structure of a peptide complex with the substrate-binding unit of DnaK has now been determined at 2.0 Angstrom resolution. The structure consists of a beta-sandwich subdomain followed by alpha-helical segments. The peptide is bound to DnaK in an extended conformation through a channel defined by loops from the beta sandwich. An alpha-helical domain stabilizes the complex, but does not contact the peptide directly. This domain is rotated in the molecules of a second crystal lattice, which suggests a model of conformation-dependent substrate binding that features a latch mechanism for maintaining long lifetime complexes. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,NEW YORK,NY 10032. COLUMBIA UNIV,CANC RES INST,NEW YORK,NY 10032. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,STONY BROOK,NY. RP Zhu, XT (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOPHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 34102, GM 37219] NR 68 TC 828 Z9 863 U1 9 U2 66 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 5268 BP 1606 EP 1614 DI 10.1126/science.272.5268.1606 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UR093 UT WOS:A1996UR09300034 PM 8658133 ER PT J AU Harding, LB AF Harding, LB TI A theoretical study of reactions on the ClHCN surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; ANHARMONIC-FORCE FIELD; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; ABINITIO CALCULATION; HCN; EMISSION; HYDROGEN; HNC AB RHF+1+2/cc-pvdz calculations are reported for 14 minima and 9 transition states on the ClHCN ground state potential surface. The calculations predict the lowest energy route for the reaction Cl + HCN --> HCl + CN to be a simple, direct, collinear abstraction. A lower energy addition reaction leading to the HClCN adduct is predicted to exist, but no direct pathway from HClCN to HCl + CN could be found. For the reaction of H with ClCN the calculations predict three pathways. These are, in order of increasing barrier height, addition to the carbon, forming HClCN; addition to the nitrogen, forming cis-ClCNH, and abstraction via a slightly bent transition state, forming HCl + CN. RP Harding, LB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 24 BP 10123 EP 10130 DI 10.1021/jp960490a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UQ844 UT WOS:A1996UQ84400019 ER PT J AU Wandlowski, T Wang, JX Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM AF Wandlowski, T Wang, JX Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM TI Structural and kinetic aspects of bromide adsorption on Au(100) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ELECTROCHEMICAL PHASE FORMATION; INDUCED SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION; X-RAY-REFLECTIVITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; AU(111); GOLD; ELECTRODE; DIFFRACTION AB The adsorption and phase formation of bromide ions on Au(100) has been studied with in-site surface X-ray diffraction in combination with electrochemical measurements. The investigations allowed a rather detailed assignment of all voltammetric features of the bromide adsorption on Au(100) to the respective structural properties, their stability, and their transition kinetics. The presence of a small bromide surface excess at Au(100)-(hex) causes the lifting of the substrate surface reconstruction. The corresponding charge density just before the onset of the transition ranges from -2 to -8 mu C cm(-2). No ordering of the adlayer is required or involved. The lifting of the substrate reconstruction proceeds at high overpotentials via instantaneous nucleation and two-dimensional growth. The growth mechanism seems to change at low overpotentials toward a one-dimensional or surface diffusion controlled process. Two ordered bromide adlayer phases were found on the unreconstructed Au(100)-(1x1) surface. The low coverage phase (theta = 0.5) corresponds to a commensurate c(root 2x2 root/2)R45 degrees superstructure. A uniaxial commensurate c(root 2xp)R45 degrees phase is formed at more positive potentials, in which the coverage increases from 0.5 to approximately 0.565 (relative to the gold layer density) with increasing electrode potential. Current vs time measurements revealed that the transition between the disordered fluidlike phase and the commensurate c(root 2x2 root 2)R45 degrees phase proceeds via instantaneous islands (hole) nucleation and activation-controlled growth in combination with a parallel adsorption (desorption) process. The formation of the slightly more dense uniaxial commensurate c(root 2xp)R45 degrees adlayer can be described with the exponential law of nucleation in combination with either one-dimensional activation-controlled or two-dimensional surface diffusion controlled growth. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Wandlowski, T (reprint author), UNIV ULM,DEPT ELECTROCHEM,D-89069 ULM,GERMANY. RI Thomas, Wandlowski/C-7251-2009; Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 53 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 24 BP 10277 EP 10287 DI 10.1021/jp9600064 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UQ844 UT WOS:A1996UQ84400040 ER PT J AU Norby, RJ AF Norby, RJ TI Forest canopy productivity index SO NATURE LA English DT Letter ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 RP Norby, RJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 15 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 381 IS 6583 BP 564 EP 564 DI 10.1038/381564a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UQ657 UT WOS:A1996UQ65700030 ER PT J AU Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Doeker, T Eckert, M Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Mollen, J Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Milewski, J Pavel, N Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Cases, G Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Romanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Abbiendi, G Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Tassi, E Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, W Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Fagerstroem, CP Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB AF Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Doeker, T Eckert, M Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Mollen, J Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Milewski, J Pavel, N Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Cases, G Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Romanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Abbiendi, G Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Tassi, E Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, W Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Fagerstroem, CP Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB TI Measurement of elastic phi photoproduction at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; CONSTRUCTION; DETECTOR; PHYSICS; DESIGN AB The production of phi mesons in the reaction e(+)p --> e(+)phi p (phi --> K+K-) at a median Q(2) of 10(-4) GeV2 has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The differential phi photoproduction cross section d sigma/dt has an exponential shape and has been determined in the kinematic range 0.1 < \t\ < 0.5 GeV2 and 60 < W < 80 GeV. An integrated cross section of sigma(gamma p-->phi p) = 0.96+/-0.19(-0.18)(+0.21) mu b has been obtained by extrapolating to t = 0. When compared to lower energy data, the results show a weak energy dependence of both sigma(gamma-->phi p) and the slope of the t distribution. The phi decay angular distributions are consistent with s-channel helicity conservation. From lower energies to HERA energies, the features of phi photoproduction are compatible with those of a soft diffractive process. C1 ANDREWS UNIV, BERRIEN SPRINGS, MI 49104 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, IJH, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, W-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF H, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. TOKAI UNIV, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO 151, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. TORINO UNIV, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT PARTICLE PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016 OI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240 NR 51 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 377 IS 4 BP 259 EP 272 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00172-4 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UU711 UT WOS:A1996UU71100006 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, C Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Dai, TS DAlessandro, D deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A DEiters, K Denes, P Denotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A He, JT Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kongeter, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lindemann, B Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Moller, M Monteleoni, B MOore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Mulheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Redaelli, M Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Ricker, A Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schulte, R Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C SCiarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Strickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Toker, O Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWAlle, RT Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF WAng, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, JY Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, GJ Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A AF Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, C Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Dai, TS DAlessandro, D deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A DEiters, K Denes, P Denotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A He, JT Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kongeter, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lindemann, B Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Moller, M Monteleoni, B MOore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Mulheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Redaelli, M Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Ricker, A Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schulte, R Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C SCiarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Strickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Toker, O Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWAlle, RT Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF WAng, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, JY Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, GJ Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A TI Search for supersymmetric particles at 130 GeVtau(+)tau(-) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID MUON DECAY; POLARIZATION; ASYMMETRY AB The Michel parameters rho, eta, xi and xi delta, the chirality parameter xi(h) and the tau polarization P-tau are measured using 32012 tau pair decays. Their values are extracted from the energy spectra of leptons and hadrons in tau(-) --> l(-)<(nu)over bar>(l) nu(tau) and tau(-) --> pi(-)nu(tau) decays, the energy and decay angular distributions in tau(-) --> rho(-)nu(tau) decays, and the correlations in the energy spectra and angular distributions of the decay products. Assuming universality in leptonic and semileptonic tau decays, the results are rho = 0.794+/-0.039+/-0.031, eta = 0.25+/-0.17+/-0.11, xi = 0.94+/-0.21+/-0.07, xi delta = 0.81+/-0.14+/-0.06, xi(h) = -0.970+/-0.053+/-0.011, and P-tau = -0.154+/-0.018+/-0.012. The measurement is in agreement with the V-A hypothesis for the weak charged current. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, IN2P3, CNRS, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, IN2P3, CNRS, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. INST THEORET & EXPTL PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NIJMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. INST PHYS NUCL, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. HIGH ENERGY PHYS GRP, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. RP Acciarri, M (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL, VIA CELORIA 16, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. RI Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; rodriguez calonge, francisco javier/H-9682-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Ludovici, Lucio/F-5917-2011; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; alpat, ali behcet/G-6290-2013; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012 OI Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ludovici, Lucio/0000-0003-1970-9960; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; alpat, ali behcet/0000-0002-0116-1506; NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 377 IS 4 BP 313 EP 324 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00467-4 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UU711 UT WOS:A1996UU71100010 ER PT J AU Fickett, JW AF Fickett, JW TI Coordinate positioning of MEF2 and myogenin binding sites (Reprinted from Gene-Combis, vol 172, pg GC19-GC32, 1996) SO GENE LA English DT Reprint DE transcriptional regulation; MEF2; MyoD family; myogenin ID MUSCLE-SPECIFIC ENHANCER; FACTOR-I GENE; CREATINE-KINASE ENHANCER; HELIX-LOOP-HELIX; DNA-BINDING; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEIN; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA AB The MEF2 and MyoD families of transcriptional regulatory factors both play central roles in the terminal differentiation of skeletal muscle. Further, binding sites for the two families often occur nearby, and there have been a number of indications that members of the two families may bind coordinately. The present study provides evidence that known binding sites for the two occur with precise geometric restrictions related to the DNA helical repeat unit, that pairs of putative sites following these restrictions are indicative of skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional regulatory regions, and that the geometric relationship can help provide a consistent interpretation for data that has until now been difficult to explain. RP Fickett, JW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP, MS K710, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00981-01A1] NR 75 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUN 12 PY 1996 VL 172 IS 1 BP GC19 EP GC32 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00888-8 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UW276 UT WOS:A1996UW27600036 PM 8654964 ER PT J AU Maltby, PA Schlaf, M Steinbeck, M Lough, AJ Morris, RH Klooster, WT Koetzle, TF Srivastava, RC AF Maltby, PA Schlaf, M Steinbeck, M Lough, AJ Morris, RH Klooster, WT Koetzle, TF Srivastava, RC TI Dihydrogen with frequency of motion near the H-1 Larmor frequency. Solid-state structures and solution NMR spectroscopy of osmium complexes trans-[Os(H center dot center dot H)X(PPh(2)CH(2)CH(2)PPh(2))(2)](+) (X=Cl, Br) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN COMPLEXES; R = PH; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; X-RAY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RUTHENIUM FORMYL; METAL-HYDRIDES; ETA-2-DIHYDROGEN; IRON; 1,2-BIS(DICYCLOHEXYLPHOSPHINO)ETHANE AB A high-yield route to the new complexes OsBr2(dppe)(2) and trans-OsHBr(dppe)(2) starting from (NH4)(2)-[OsBr6] is described. The new 5-coordinate complexes [OsX(dppe)(2)]PF6 (X = Cl (8Os) and X = Br (9Os)) are prepared by reaction of cis-OsX(2)(dppe)(2) with NaPF6. Complexes 8Os and 9Os consist of distorted trigonal bipyramidal cations with ''Y''-shaped equatorial planes. They react in CH2Cl2 with H-2 or HD 1 (atm) to give complexes trans-[Os(H ...)X(dppe)(2)]PF6 (X = Cl (1OsPF(6)), X = Br (2OsPF(6))) or trans-[Os(H ... D)X(dppe)(2)]PF6, respectively, The last complexes have J(H,D) = 13.9 and 13.7 Hz, respectively. The BF4- salts of these complexes, 1OsBF(4) and 2OsBF(4), respectively, are prepared by reacting trans-OsHX(dppe)(2) with HBF4 . Et(2)O or DBF4 . Et(2)O. These complexes are characterized by NMR, IR, and FAB MS. The single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of 1OsPF(6) revealed an elongated H ... H ligand with d(HH) = 1.11(6) (X-ray) or 1.22(3) Angstrom (neutron) occupying one site in an octahedral complex. The X-ray diffraction study of 2OsBF(4) produced a similar structure with d(HH) = 1.13(8) Angstrom. One fluorine of the anion in each structure is positioned near the acidic H-2 ligand. A linear relationship between d(HH) and J(H,D) fur many dihydrogen complexes is used to indicate that complexes 1Os and 2Os have H-H distances of about 1.2 Angstrom in solution. Plots of ln(T-1) versus inverse temperature for 1Os and 2Os are distorted from the usual ''V'' shape, suggesting that the rotational frequency of the H-2 ligand is near that of the Larmor frequency. Therefore the d(HH) for 1Os is between the values of 1.04 and 1.31 Angstrom calculated from the T-1(min) for fast and slow spinning H-2, respectively. The chloride ligand in trans-[Os(H ... H)Cl(L)(2)](+) buffers the effect of changing the cis ligands L from dppe to depe to dcpe so that there is little change in the H-H distance. Complexes 1Os and 2Os have pK(a) values of 7.4 and 5.4 respectively, while trans-[Os(H-2)H(dppe)(2)](+) is much less acidic with a pK(a) of 13.6. These pK(a) values and some E(1/2) values are used to show that 1Os and 2Os are dihydride-like even though they have relatively short H-H distances. Properties of trans-[Os(H ... H)Cl(depe)(2)]BF4 (3Os) are also reported. C1 UNIV TORONTO,DEPT CHEM,TORONTO,ON M5S 3H6,CANADA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,KANPUR 208016,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. RI Morris, Robert/R-8760-2016 OI Morris, Robert/0000-0002-7574-9388 NR 57 TC 199 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 12 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 23 BP 5396 EP 5407 DI 10.1021/ja9529044 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UQ517 UT WOS:A1996UQ51700009 ER PT J AU Cotton, FA Haefner, SC Sattelberger, AP AF Cotton, FA Haefner, SC Sattelberger, AP TI Metal-metal multiply-bonded complexes of technetium .4. Photodissociation of the Tc Tc triple bond in [Tc-2(CH3CN)(10)][BF4](4) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER CHEMISTRY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; STATE; OCTACHLORODIRHENATE(III); ACETONITRILE; DINUCLEAR C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP,CST 3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Cotton, FA (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,MOLEC STRUCT & BONDING LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 12 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 23 BP 5486 EP 5487 DI 10.1021/ja9604727 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UQ517 UT WOS:A1996UQ51700025 ER PT J AU Thompson, LH AF Thompson, LH TI Evidence that mammalian cells possess homologous recombinational repair pathways SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR LA English DT Review ID RAY-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; SISTER-CHROMATID-EXCHANGE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE REQUIRES; ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA CELLS; INTERSTRAND CROSS-LINKS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-REPAIR; IONIZING-RADIATION RP Thompson, LH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Bell, Tiffany/F-4403-2010 NR 119 TC 91 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8777 J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair PD JUN 12 PY 1996 VL 363 IS 2 BP 77 EP 88 DI 10.1016/0921-8777(96)00008-0 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA UV359 UT WOS:A1996UV35900001 PM 8676928 ER PT J AU Bocek, D Kung, P Lihn, HC Settakorn, C Wiedemann, H AF Bocek, D Kung, P Lihn, HC Settakorn, C Wiedemann, H TI Observation of SASE at 47 mu m SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRON AB Coherent, far-infrared undulator radiation from sub-picosecond electron pulses has been observed at the Stanford SUNSHINE facility. Measured intensities exceed theoretical prediction for spontaneous radiation by more than an order of magnitude. The forward-radiated energy from a 16 MeV electron beam travelling in a single pass through an undulator with a strength parameter K = 0.6 grows exponentially and is consistent with predictions of Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) with a gain length of 45.4 cm or 5.9 undulator periods. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Bocek, D (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01361-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900006 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Babzien, M Batchelor, K BenZvi, I Malone, R Pogorelsky, I Qui, X Sheehan, J Sharitka, J SrinivasanRao, T AF Wang, XJ Babzien, M Batchelor, K BenZvi, I Malone, R Pogorelsky, I Qui, X Sheehan, J Sharitka, J SrinivasanRao, T TI Experimental characterization of the high-brightness electron photoinjector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Operational experience of the emittance compensated photoinjector at the Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) is presented in this paper. The photoinjector has demonstrated the stability and reliability required for UV and X-ray FEL applications. The RF gun has been routinely running at more than 100 MV/m peak acceleration field; the laser system of the photoinjector has achieved 2% peak to peak energy stability, 0.5% point stability and better than 2 ps timing jitter. The highest measured quantum efficiency of the Cu cathode is 0.05%. The electron beam bunch length was measured to be 10 ps using a linac RF phase scan. The normalized rms emittance for 0.5 nC charge was measured, to be from 1 to 2 mm rad, which agrees with PARMELA simulations. RP Wang, XJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 82 EP 86 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00039-3 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900021 ER PT J AU Caplan, M Valentini, M VanderGeer, C Urbanus, W AF Caplan, M Valentini, M VanderGeer, C Urbanus, W TI Design and characterization of the DC acceleration and transport system required for the 1 MW Free Electron Maser experiment SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A Free Electron Maser (FEM) has been constructed and is soon to be tested at the FOM Institute (Rijnhuizen) Netherlands with the ultimate goal of producing 1 MW long pulse to CW microwave output in the range 130 to 250 GHz. The DC acceleration and beam transport systems is eventually to be used in a depressed collector configuration requiring 99.8% beam transmission in order that the high voltage 2 MV supply be required only to supply 20 mA of body current. A relativistic version of the Herrmann optical theory originally developed for microwave tube beams is used to take into account thermal electrons far out on the Gaussian distribution tail which can translate into beam current well outside the ideal beam edge. This theory is applied to the FOM beamline design and predicts that the beam envelope containing 99.8% of the current can be successfully transported through the undulator for the expected range of assumed emittance values. C1 FOM,INST PLASMA FYS,NIEUWEGEIN,NETHERLANDS. RP Caplan, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-637,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 91 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01190-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900023 ER PT J AU Krishnaswamy, J Lehrman, IS Hartley, RA Reusch, MF Todd, AMM Austin, RH Feldman, D AF Krishnaswamy, J Lehrman, IS Hartley, RA Reusch, MF Todd, AMM Austin, RH Feldman, D TI Beam diagnostics and modeling in CIRFEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASERS AB In this paper results of phase stability measurements of the photocathode drive laser at different points in the drive laser system, as well as the electron current micro-pulse phase stability measurements results are reported. Summary results of CIRFEL bend modeling and emittance measurements are also described. Result of a 5th order perturbation model for wiggler focusing is also reported. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Krishnaswamy, J (reprint author), NORTHROP GRUMMAN ADV TECHNOL & DEV CTR,4 INDEPENDENCE WAY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01371-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900031 ER PT J AU Neuffer, D Douglas, D Li, Z Garren, A Cornacchia, M AF Neuffer, D Douglas, D Li, Z Garren, A Cornacchia, M TI Beam transport design for a recirculating-linac FEL driver SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The beam transport system for the CEBAF Industrial FEL includes a two-pass transport of the beam with acceleration from injector to wiggler, followed by energy recovery transport from wiggler to dump. From that context, we discuss the general problem of multi-pass energy-recovery beam transport for FELs. Tuneable, nearly-isochronous, large-momentum-acceptance transport systems are required. The entire transport must preserve beam quality, particularly in the acceleration transport to the wiggler, and have low losses throughout the entire system. Various possible designs are presented and results of dynamic analysis are discussed. C1 CONTINUOUS ELECTRON BEAM ACCELERATOR FACIL CTR,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STANFORD UNIV,SSRL,STANFORD,CA 94305. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01346-6 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900032 ER PT J AU Ohgaki, H Robin, D Yamazaki, T AF Ohgaki, H Robin, D Yamazaki, T TI Quasi-isochronous storage ring for enhanced FEL performance SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A compact storage ring is designed to be used as driver for a free electron laser (FEL). This ring can be operated very close to zero momentum compaction factor (a) to increase the electron density and thus the gain of the FEL. In order to control a with zero dispersion in the straight sections we use an inverted dipole located between the bending magnets and 4 families of quadrupoles. By using 3 families of sextupoles we can control the 2 transverse chromaticities and 2nd order momentum compaction. We find that the ring has sufficient dynamic aperture for good performance. C1 ELECTROTECH LAB,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP Ohgaki, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 128 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01467-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900033 ER PT J AU Piovella, N Chaix, P Shvets, G Jaroszynski, D AF Piovella, N Chaix, P Shvets, G Jaroszynski, D TI Theory of short pulse FEL oscillators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; EFFICIENCY AB A simple model for the nonlinear low gain evolution of a short pulse Compton free electron laser (FEL) oscillator is derived. An analysis of the small signal regime allows the calculation of the shape of the produced optical pulse. For small excess over threshold, a Landau-Ginzburg equation is obtained, which allows us to show that a strong superradiant efficiency enhancement occurs at small detuning. Furthermore, the knowledge of the eigenfrequencies in the small signal regime allows one to infer a scale law for the period of limit cycles occurring at larger excess over threshold. Theoretical results are compared to experimental results from FELIX. C1 CEA,F-91680 BRUYERES CHATEL,FRANCE. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01337-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900040 ER PT J AU Carlsten, BE Fortgang, CM Potter, JM Fazio, MV Haynes, WB May, LM AF Carlsten, BE Fortgang, CM Potter, JM Fazio, MV Haynes, WB May, LM TI Microwave axial free-electron laser with enhanced phase stability SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Free-electron laser (FEL) amplifiers in the Raman regime have high efficiencies and high output power at microwave wavelengths; however, the phase stability is not sufficient for driving linear accelerators. Fluctuations in the diode voltage are the largest cause of the shifts in the phase of the output power. Present-day pulse-power technology cannot keep the voltage fluctuations less than 1/4%. In this paper, we study the phase stability by analyzing the dispersion relation for an axial FEL, in which the rf held is transversely wiggled and the electron trajectories are purely longitudinal. It is found that the phase dependence on the beam velocity can be cancelled by the effect of the phase dependence on the beam plasma wave. This cancellation leads to first-order phase stability, which is not possible for standing-wave devices, such as klystrons. Detailed particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate the transverse wiggling of the rf mode and the axial FEL interaction and explicit calculations of the growing root of the dispersion relation are included to verify the phase stability. C1 JP ACCELERATOR WORKS INC,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP Carlsten, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01370-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900044 ER PT J AU Tatchyn, R Arthur, J Baltay, M Bane, K Boyce, R Cornacchia, M Cremer, T Fisher, A Hahn, SJ Hernandez, M Loew, G Miller, R Nelson, WR Nuhn, HD Palmer, D Paterson, J Raubenheimer, T Weaver, J Wiedemann, H Winick, H Pellegrini, C Travish, G Scharlemann, ET Caspi, S Fawley, W Halbach, K Kim, KJ Schlueter, R Xie, M Meyerhofer, D Bonifacio, R DeSalvo, L AF Tatchyn, R Arthur, J Baltay, M Bane, K Boyce, R Cornacchia, M Cremer, T Fisher, A Hahn, SJ Hernandez, M Loew, G Miller, R Nelson, WR Nuhn, HD Palmer, D Paterson, J Raubenheimer, T Weaver, J Wiedemann, H Winick, H Pellegrini, C Travish, G Scharlemann, ET Caspi, S Fawley, W Halbach, K Kim, KJ Schlueter, R Xie, M Meyerhofer, D Bonifacio, R DeSalvo, L TI Research and development toward a 4.5-1.5 angstrom linac coherent light source (LCLS) at SLAC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; UNDULATOR AB In recent years significant studies have been initiated on the feasibility of utilizing a portion of the 3 km S-band accelerator at SLAC to drive a short wavelength (4.5-1.5 Angstrom) Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a Free-Electron Laser (FEL) operating in the Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) regime. Electron beam requirements for single-pass saturation in a minimal time include: 1) a peak current in the 7 kA range, 2) a relative energy spread of <0.05%, add 3) a transverse emittance, epsilon [rad-m], approximating the diffraction-limit condition epsilon=lambda/4 pi, where lambda[m] is the output wavelength. Requirements on the insertion device include field error levels of 0.02% for keeping the electron bunch centered on and in phase with the amplified photons, and a focusing beta of 8 m/rad for inhibiting the dilution of its transverse density. Although much progress has been made in developing individual components and beam-processing techniques necessary for LCLS operation down to similar to 20 Angstrom, a substantial amount of research and development is still required in a number of theoretical and experimental areas leading to the construction and operation of a 4.5-1.5 Angstrom LCLS. In this paper we report on a research and development program underway and in planning at SLAC for addressing critical questions in these areas. These include the construction and operation of a linac test stand for developing laser-driven photocathode rf guns with normalized emittances approaching 1 mm-mrad; development of advanced beam compression, stability, and emittance control techniques at multi-GeV energies; the construction and operation of a FEL Amplifier Test Experiment (FATE) for theoretical and experimental studies of SASE at IR wavelengths; an undulator development program to investigate superconducting, hybrid/permanent magnet (hybrid/PM), and pulsed-Cu technologies; theoretical and computational studies of high-gain FEL physics and LCLS component designs; development of X-ray optics and instrumentation for extracting, modulating, and delivering photons to experimental users; and the study and development of scientific experiments made possible by the source properties of the LCLS. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT ENGN MECH,ROCHESTER,NY 14623. UNIV ROCHESTER,LASER ENERGET LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14623. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ MILAN,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RP Tatchyn, R (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI Travish, Gil/H-4937-2011 OI Travish, Gil/0000-0002-4787-0949 NR 79 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 274 EP 283 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00042-3 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900070 ER PT J AU Freund, HP Yu, LH AF Freund, HP Yu, LH TI Electron trajectories in a self-consistent wiggler field composed of a dipole lattice SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID ERRORS; LASERS AB We study the electron trajectories using two wiggler models. The first is a dipole wiggler (DW) constructed from the superposition of four arrays of individual magnetic dipoles with alternating orientations. This field has the advantage that since the held representation for each dipole is self-consistent, the aggregate field is also. The second model is the parabolic-pole-face (PPF) wiggler which is not self-consistent when wiggler imperfections are included. These two models are used to study the effects of wiggler imperfections on electron trajectories. In addition, the orbits in the PPF wiggler were qualitatively similar to those in the DW model. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Freund, HP (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 304 EP 308 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01354-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900076 ER PT J AU Kim, KJ Xie, M Pellegrini, C AF Kim, KJ Xie, M Pellegrini, C TI Effects of undulator interruptions on the performance of high-gain FEL amplifiers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The construction as well as the operation of a long undulator required for short wavelength generation with high-gain free-electron lasers will become easier if the undulator could be interrupted with drift sections every few gain lengths. To evaluate the effect of such interruption on the FEL performance, we study the following three effects; (i) the diffraction loss, (ii) the free space slippage and (iii) the phase de-coherence. The effect (i) is found to be small, the effect (ii) gives a condition on the length of the drift section and the effect (iii) is small, but not negligible. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 314 EP 316 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01209-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900079 ER PT J AU Pierini, P Fawley, WM AF Pierini, P Fawley, WM TI Shot noise startup of the 6 nm SASE FEL at the TESLA test facility SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID ELECTRON AB We present here the results of an extensive simulation activity for the TESLA SASE FEL. We have used the program GINGER to determine the FEL saturation length and the power fluctuations from shut to shot. The spectral properties of the output power and the correlation functions are investigated and compared with available theoretical models. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Pierini, P (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ MILANO,LAB LASA,VIA F CERVI 201,I-20090 SEGRATE,MI,ITALY. RI Pierini, Paolo/J-3555-2012 OI Pierini, Paolo/0000-0002-3062-6181 NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 332 EP 335 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01221-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900084 ER PT J AU Tatchyn, R AF Tatchyn, R TI Optical cavity vs electron beam requirements for the operation of a 1.5 angstrom LCLS in a regenerative amplifier mode SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID LASER RP Tatchyn, R (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 345 EP 347 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00060-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900087 ER PT J AU Babzien, M BenZvi, I Catravas, P Fang, JM Fisher, A Graves, WS Qiu, XZ Segalov, Z Wang, XJ AF Babzien, M BenZvi, I Catravas, P Fang, JM Fisher, A Graves, WS Qiu, XZ Segalov, Z Wang, XJ TI Optical alignment and diagnostics for the ATF microundulator FEL oscillator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Alignment of the BNL-MIT microundulator FEL components, including transverse alignment of the FEL cavity, coalignment of the cavity with the undulator and with the electron beam are described. Cavity length measurements are made by coupling an external laser into the FEL oscillator. Diagnostics for the optical beam, including energy, pointing stability, and spectra are presented. Electron beam diagnostics for charge, position, and energy spread are also described. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 420 EP 423 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01330-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900108 ER PT J AU Caspi, S Taylor, C AF Caspi, S Taylor, C TI An experimental superconducting helical undulator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Improvements in the technology of superconducting (SC) magnets for high energy physics and recent advancements in SC materials with artificial pinning center (APC) [1], have made a bifilar helical SC device an attractive candidate for a single-pass free electron laser (FEL) [2]. Initial studies have suggested that a 6.5 mm inner diameter helical device, with a 27 mm period, can generate a central dipole field of 2-2.5 T [3]. Additional studies have also suggested that with a stored energy of 300 J/m, such a device can be made self-protecting in the event of a quench. As a first step towards the construction of 2 m long prototype we propose to build and test a small mechanical model that will serve as a proof of principle for such a high current density magnet, will assure its safety and provide dimensional parameters. In this paper we discuss technical issues relevant to the construction and protection of a single layer, low field (1.17 T), short (300 mm) experimental undulator. RP Caspi, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MS 46-161,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 433 EP 435 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01191-9 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900112 ER PT J AU Cremer, T Nelson, WR Tatchyn, R AF Cremer, T Nelson, WR Tatchyn, R TI Initial studies of electromagnetic shower energy deposition in small-bore superconducting undulator structures in linac environments SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB One of the more promising technologies for developing minimal-length insertion devices for linac-driven, single-pass free electron lasers (FELs) operating in the X-ray range is based on the use of superconducting (SC) materials. Despite its advantage of minimal length, however, SC technology can present difficulties for insertion device design and operation. One critical problem, as observed, e.g., by Madey and co-workers in their initial (25 MeV) FEL experiments, was the frequent quenching induced by scattered electrons upstream of their (bifilar helical) SC device. In view of the short-term stability required of undulators for user facilities, we have initiated a systematic investigation of these earlier results to determine whether quenching could become similarly probable in SLACs (10-15 GeV) linac coherent light source (LCLS), a 1.5 Angstrom FEL. Postulating that the onset and spread of normal zones are precipitated by directly-scattered or bremsstrahlung-propagated particle energy deposited into the SC material or into material contiguous with it, we have used the EGS4 particle-tracking code developed at SLAC to perform studies of scattered-particle energy deposition into SC structures with geometries comparable to a small-bore bifilar helical undulator. Preliminary numerical results for both the Madey and SLAC LCLS cases have been obtained. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 436 EP 440 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01344-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900113 ER PT J AU Ingold, G BenZvi, I Solomon, L Woodle, M AF Ingold, G BenZvi, I Solomon, L Woodle, M TI Fabrication of a high-field short-period superconducting undulator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB The visible free electron laser (FEL) experiment at the accelerator test facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is designed to utilize the high brightness beam from a laser-photocathode rf gun injected into a 50 MeV S-band linac in conjunction with a 8.8 mm period undulator. The undulator is designed to provide a 0.5 T field on axis which is reached at a current 15% below the quench current. It consists of 3 contiguous sections. We discuss the held errors by evaluating the trajectory wander and the optical phase error. Whereas undulator sections with low errors can be built as machined without any shimming or trimming, special care has to be taken during the assembly of a full length device. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Ingold, G (reprint author), BESSY GMBH,LENTZEALLEE 100,D-14195 BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 451 EP 455 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01207-9 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900117 ER PT J AU Lumpkin, A AF Lumpkin, A TI Potential applications of a dual-sweep streak camera system for characterizing particle and photon beams of VUV, XUV, and X-ray FELs SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB Initial tests of a dual-sweep streak system whose vacuum interface and Au photocathode would allow time-resolved measurements from the visible to the X-ray photon regime are presented. Although selected to support the diagnostics of the Advanced Photon Source (APS), this type of system could also address the micropulse phenomena of the next generation of FELs whose lasing wavelengths are projected in the VUV, XUV, and even the X-ray regime. First results at 248 nm on the photoelectric injector drive laser at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) are presented, and the scaling on time resolution into the X-ray regime is addressed. The system has capabilities that could support benchmark experiments in the path to UV/X-ray FELs. RP Lumpkin, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 460 EP 464 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00046-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900119 ER PT J AU Park, SH Litvinenko, VN Madey, JMJ Newnam, BE AF Park, SH Litvinenko, VN Madey, JMJ Newnam, BE TI VUV optical ring resonator for the Duke storage ring free electron laser SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The conceptual design of a multifaceted-mirror ring resonator for the Duke storage ring VUV EEL is presented. The expected performance of the OK-4 FEL with the ring resonator is described. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Park, SH (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,FEL LAB,BOX 90319,DURHAM,NC 27708, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 487 EP 491 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01348-2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900125 ER PT J AU Tatchyn, R AF Tatchyn, R TI Image tuning techniques for enhancing the performance of pure permanent magnet undulators with small gap period ratios SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The on-axis field of a small-gap undulator constructed out of pure permanent magnet (PM) blocks arranged in an alternating-dipole (i.e., 2 dipoles/period) array can be substantially varied by positioning monolithic permeable plates above and below the undulator jaws. This simple technique, which can be used to control the fundamental photon energy in conventional synchrotron radiation (SR) or Free Electron Laser (FEL) applications requiring sub-octave tuning, can also be shown to suppress magnetic inhomogeneities that can contribute to the undulator's on-axis field errors. If a standard (4 vector rotations/period) Halbach undulator, composed of PM blocks with square cross sections, is rearranged into an alternating-dipole array with the same period, the peak field that can be generated with superimposed image plates can, for a certain range of magnet dimensions, exceed that of the pure-PM Halbach array. This design technique. which can be viewed as intermediate between the ''pure-PM'' and standard ''hybrid/PM'' configurations, provides a potentially cost-effective method of enhancing the performance of small-gap, pure-PM insertion devices. In this paper we report on the analysis and recent characterization of pure-PM undulator with superimposed image plates, and discuss possible applications to FEL research. RP Tatchyn, R (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00063-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900128 ER PT J AU Verschuur, JWJ Warren, RW AF Verschuur, JWJ Warren, RW TI Tuning and characterization of Twente wiggler SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB For correcting field errors in the Twente wiggler small metal shims were placed on the pole faces. When applied to correct errors in the on-axis field a large increase in the errors in the off-axis field was found. When instead errors in the off-axis field are corrected, the errors in the on-axis field are reduced as well. Only small corrections were locally required to make the errors in the on-axis field acceptable. The focussing strength of the wiggler has been measured in both transverse planes and was found to lead to a slightly elliptical shape for a matched electron beam. Longitudinal phase errors have been measured for the Twente wiggler and are negligible. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Verschuur, JWJ (reprint author), UNIV TWENTE,DEPT APPL PHYS,POB 217,7500 AE ENSCHEDE,NETHERLANDS. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 508 EP 510 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01233-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900130 ER PT J AU Kim, KJ Xie, M Sessler, AM AF Kim, KJ Xie, M Sessler, AM TI An FEL scheme for generating high-power optical beams for gamma-gamma colliders based on chirped pulse amplification techniques SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A method to produce high-power optical beams for converting high-energy electron beams to TeV gamma rays via Compton backscattering in the next generation linear colliders is proposed. The scheme is an application of the chirped pulse amplification technique to a single pass, high-gain free-electron laser. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 523 EP 525 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01210-9 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900134 ER PT J AU Dattoli, G Giannessi, L Torre, A Altobelli, G Gallardo, J AF Dattoli, G Giannessi, L Torre, A Altobelli, G Gallardo, J TI Compton backscattering of intracavity storage ring free-electron laser radiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID SATURATION AB We discuss the gamma-ray production by Compton backscattering of intracavity SR FEL radiation. We use a semi-analytical model which provides the build up of the signal combined with the storage ring damping mechanism and derive simple relations yielding the connection between backscattered photons brightness and the intercavity laser equilibrium intensity. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR PHYS,UPTON,NY 11793. CRE FRASCATI,DIPARTIMENTO SVILUPPO TECHNOL PUNTA,ENEA AREA INN,I-00044 FRASCATI,ROME,ITALY. RI Giannessi, Luca/D-3117-2013; OI Giannessi, Luca/0000-0002-7643-9840; Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 543 EP 544 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01379-2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900139 ER PT J AU Fawley, WM AF Fawley, WM TI ''Optical guiding'' limits on extraction efficiencies of single-pass, tapered wiggler amplifiers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID ELECTRON AB Single-pass, tapered wiggler amplifiers have an attactive feature: of bring able, in theory at least, of extracting a large portion of the electron beam energy into light. In circumstances where an optical FEL wiggler length is significantly longer than the Rayleigh length Z(R) corresponding to the electron beam radius, diffraction losses must be controlled via the phenomenon of optical guiding. Since the strength of the guiding depends upon the effective refractive index n exceeding one, and since (n - 1) is inversely proportional to the optical electric field, there is a natural limiting mechanism to the on-axis field strength and thus the rate at which energy may be extracted from the electron beam. In particular, the extraction efficiency for a prebunched beam asymptotically grows linearly with z rather than quadratically. We present analytical and numerical simulation results concerning this behavior and discuss its applicability to various FEL designs including oscillator/amplifier-radiator configurations. RP Fawley, WM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 550 EP 552 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01200-1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900141 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DC Carlsten, BE AF Nguyen, DC Carlsten, BE TI Amplified coherent emission from electron beams prebunched in a masked chicane SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID LASER; GAIN AB We present a new FEL approach based on amplified coherent emission from electron beams that are prebunched in a masked chicane or a circular buncher. In this approach, a series of wires in the middle of the buncher modulates the transverse density of a chirped electron bunch. At the end of the chicane, the compressed beam exhibits longitudinal density modulations at the optical wavelength. The bunched beam is then injected into a short wiggler with period similar to 2y(2) times the beam modulation wavelength. Due to the prebunched nature of the beam, the emitted undulator radiation will grow exponentially from coherent spontaneous emission. Because the coherent emission is orders of magnitude larger than spontaneous emission, prebunching the beam effectively reduces the number of gain lengths needed to reach saturation. This technique thus reduces the required undulator length. RP Nguyen, DC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 597 EP 601 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01372-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900153 ER PT J AU Benson, SV Bisognano, J Bohn, C Cardman, L Colson, WB Douglas, D Dylla, HF Engwall, D Fugitt, J Goldstein, J Jordan, K Kehne, D Li, Z Liu, H Merminga, L Neil, G Neuffer, D Shinn, M Wiseman, M Wong, R Xie, M AF Benson, SV Bisognano, J Bohn, C Cardman, L Colson, WB Douglas, D Dylla, HF Engwall, D Fugitt, J Goldstein, J Jordan, K Kehne, D Li, Z Liu, H Merminga, L Neil, G Neuffer, D Shinn, M Wiseman, M Wong, R Xie, M TI A status report on the development of a high power UV and IR FEL at CEBAF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID ELECTRON AB Previously we presented a design for a kiloWatt demonstration industrial UV FEL [1]. Progress has been made in resolving several design issues identified in that work. More exact simulations of the injector have resulted in a better estimate of the injector performance. A more compact lattice has been designed meeting the design requirements for the UV FEL, and a new design point has been studied which greatly increases the threshold for longitudinal instabilities. A stability analysis of the RF control system has found that only minor modifications from existing CEBAF controls will be necessary to allow them to be used with a high-current, energy-recovery accelerator. Designs for the optical cavity length and figure systems have been conceptualized and a model of the corner-cube resonator is being built and tested. Finally, three-dimensional simulations of the FEL have been carried out which show that the laser should exceed its minimum design goals for average power. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ILLINOIS,PHYS NUCL LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Benson, SV (reprint author), CONTINUOUS ELECTRON BEAM ACCELERATOR FACIL CTR,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS4 EP ABS6 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01257-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900169 ER PT J AU Nassiri, A Kustom, RL Kang, YW Song, J AF Nassiri, A Kustom, RL Kang, YW Song, J TI Feasibility studies of a compact mm-wave linac FEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Microfabrication technology offers an alternative method for fabricating precision, miniature-size components suitable for use in accelerator physics and commercial applications. The original R&D work at Argonne, in collaboration with the University of Illinois at Chicago and University of Wisconsin-Madison, has produced encouraging results in the area of rf accelerating structure design, optical and X-ray masks production, deep X-ray lithography (LIGA exposures), and precision structural alignments. In this paper we present feasibility studies for a compact single pass mm-linac FEL to produce short wavelength radiation. This system will consist of a photocathode rf gun operated at 30 GHz, a 50-MeV superconducting constant gradient structure operated at 60 GHz, and a microundulator with 1-mm period. RP Nassiri, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS46 EP ABS47 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900185 ER PT J AU Solomon, L Graves, WS BenZvi, I Krinsky, S Lynch, D Mortazavi, P Rakowsky, G Skaritka, J Woodle, M Yu, LH Lehrman, I Tepes, F AF Solomon, L Graves, WS BenZvi, I Krinsky, S Lynch, D Mortazavi, P Rakowsky, G Skaritka, J Woodle, M Yu, LH Lehrman, I Tepes, F TI Magnetic measurements of the BNL HGFEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The Harmonic Generation Free Electron Laser (HGFEL) is a high-gain amplifier FEL configured as an optical klystron, presently under construction at Brookhaven National Lab. All sections of the superconducting magnets have been built, tested, and measured. presented below are recent results and the work in progress. C1 GRUMMAN AEROSP CORP,PRINCETON,NJ. RP Solomon, L (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS63 EP ABS64 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900192 ER PT J AU Ting, A Fischer, R Fisher, A Moore, CI Hafizi, B Elton, R Krushelnick, K Burris, R Jackel, S Evans, K Weaver, JN Sprangle, P Esarey, E Baine, M Ride, S AF Ting, A Fischer, R Fisher, A Moore, CI Hafizi, B Elton, R Krushelnick, K Burris, R Jackel, S Evans, K Weaver, JN Sprangle, P Esarey, E Baine, M Ride, S TI Demonstration experiment of a laser synchrotron source for tunable, monochromatic x-rays at 500 eV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB A demonstration experiment of the laser synchrotron source (LSS) is being planned and constructed to generate short-pulsed, tunable X-rays in the range of similar to 500 eV by Thomson scattering of laser photons from a relativistic electron beam. Laser photons of lambda = 1.06 mu m are Thomson backscattered by a 4.5 MeV electron beam from an S-band RF electron gun. The laser photons are derived from a 15 J, 3 ns Nd:glass laser. The RF electron gun is being constructed for initial operation using a thermionic cathode. It will be upgraded with a photocathode to produce high quality electron beams with high current and low emittance. The X-ray pulse structure consists of similar to 10 ps long micropulses within a laser pulse width dependent macropulse. The estimated X-ray photon flux is similar to 10(18) photons/s, and the number of photons per macropulse is similar to 10(8). C1 ICARUS RES,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY. SOREQ NUCL RES CTR,YAVNE,ISRAEL. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. STANFORD UNIV,SSRL,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP Ting, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS68 EP ABS70 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900194 ER PT J AU Tulupov, AV Caplan, M Urbanus, WH AF Tulupov, AV Caplan, M Urbanus, WH TI Simulations of e-beam emittance effects on the performance of the fusion-FEM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB At the FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics, The Netherlands, the construction of the Fusion Free-Electron Maser (FEM) is nearing completion. The design objective of the FEM is to generate 1 MW of microwave power during long pulses in the frequency range of 130 to 260 GHz [1,2]. Applications are in the field of plasma heating and control in future plasma fusion devices. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FOM,INST PLASMA PHYS RIJNHUIZEN,3430 BE NIEUWEGEIN,NETHERLANDS. RP Tulupov, AV (reprint author), IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,RUSSIAN RES CTR,INST NUCL FUS,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS71 EP ABS72 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900195 ER PT J AU Yeremian, AD Miller, RH AF Yeremian, AD Miller, RH TI Next linear collider test accelerator injector upgrade SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) being built at SLAC will integrate the new technologies of X-band accelerator structures and RF systems for the next linear collider, demonstrate multibranch beam-loading energy compensation and suppression of higher-order deflecting modes, and measure the dark current generated by RF field emission in the accelerator [NLC Test Accelerator Conceptual Design Report, SLAC Report 411, August 1993]. The current injector being constructed for phase 1 of the NLCTA tests is a simple injector consisting of a gun with a 150 ns long pulse and X-band bunching and accelerating system [A.D. Yeremian, R.H. Miller and J.W. Wang, Proc. LINAC 94 Conf. Tsukuba, Japan, 1994, p. 89]. While the injector will provide average currents comparable to what is needed for NLC it will not provide the bunch structure since every X-band RF bucket will be filled. The injector upgrade will produce a similar bunch train as planned for NLC, mainly a train of bunches 1.4 ns apart with 3 nC in each bunch. The current design for this injector is discussed. RP Yeremian, AD (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS78 EP ABS79 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900199 ER PT J AU BenZvi, I Krinsky, S AF BenZvi, I Krinsky, S TI Free Electron Lasers - Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Free Electron Laser Conference - New York, NY, USA, August 21-25, 1995 - Preface SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material RP BenZvi, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP R7 EP R8 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)90083-2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900001 ER PT J AU Smith, ME Andersen, RA AF Smith, ME Andersen, RA TI Preparation of the paramagnetic hydrides (Me(5)C(5))(3)M(3)(mu(3)-CH)(mu-H) (M=Ni, Co) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID TRIPLET SOLUTION EQUILIBRIUM; METHYL-GROUP; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; COMPLEXES; LIGANDS; CLUSTER; METAL; BOND; CO3(ETA-5-C5ME5)3(MU-3-CO)2; DERIVATIVES AB MeLi reacts with Me(5)C(5)M(acac) to give the trinuclear clusters (Me(5)C(5))M(3)(mu(3)-CH)(mu-H) (M = Co, Ni). The 49-electron nickel cluster is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron, and the 46-electron cobalt cluster is also paramagnetic; the latter reacts with dihydrogen to give diamagnetic (Me(5)C(5))(3)Co-3(mu(3)-CH)(mu-H)(3). C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2680 EP 2682 DI 10.1021/om950944a PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA UQ719 UT WOS:A1996UQ71900005 ER PT J AU Chen, JB Young, VG Angelici, RJ AF Chen, JB Young, VG Angelici, RJ TI Reactions of Cp*Ir(2,5-dimethylthiophene) with Ru-3(CO)(12), Re-2(CO)(10), Mn-2(CO)(10), and [(eta(6)-C6H6)RuCl2](2) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID RUTHENIUM CLUSTER CARBONYLS; 3 METAL CENTERS; THIOPHENE COORDINATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 2,5-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE COORDINATION; COMPLEXES; CP-STAR-IR(2,5-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE); HYDRODESULFURIZATION; PHOSPHINES; MECHANISM AB Reactions of the isomers Cp*Ir(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T) (1) and Cp*Ir(C,S-2,5-Me(2)T) (2), where 2,5-Me(2)T is 2,5-dimethylthiophene, with Ru-3(CO)(12), Re-2(CO)(10), Mn-2(CO)(10), and [(eta(6)-C6H6)RuCl2](2) yield a remarkable diversity of products. With Ru-3(CO)(12), both 1 and 2 give the CO-substituted product Cp*Ir(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T . Ru-3(CO)(11)) (4), in which the 2,5-Me(2)T group is eta(4)-coordinated to the Ir and S-coordinated to a Ru in the plane of the triangular Ru-3(CO)11 cluster. With Re-2(CO)(10), 1 reacts to give the CO-substituted product Cp*Ir(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T .-Re2CO)(9)) (6), in which 1 is S-coordinated in an equatorial position of the metal-metal dimer Re-2(CO)(9). However, another product of this reaction is Cp*Ir(eta(4)-SC(3)H(2)MeC(=O)Me)[Re-2(CO)(9)] (7), in which the 2,5-Me(2)T ligand has been converted to a ring-opened acyl-thiolate unit that is S-coordinated to Re-2(CO)9. Compound 7 is the major product of the reaction of 2 with Re-2(CO)(10). The reaction of 2 with Mn-2(CO)(10) gives Cp*Ir(eta(4)-SC(3)H(2)MeC(=O)Me)[Mn-2(CO)(9)] (9), the Mn analog of 7. The reaction of [(eta(6)-C6H6)RuCl2](2) with 1 gives the product Cp*Ir(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T . Ru(eta(6)-C6H6)Cl-2) (10), which illustrates again the strong S-donor ability of the Cp*Ir(eta(4)-2,5-Me(2)T) (1) group. Structures of 4, 6, and 7 were established by X-ray diffraction studies. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. CHINESE ACAD SCI,SHANGHAI INST ORGAN CHEM,SHANGHAI 200032,PEOPLES R CHINA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MOLEC STRUCT LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 49 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2727 EP 2734 DI 10.1021/om960078h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA UQ719 UT WOS:A1996UQ71900014 ER PT J AU Perou, CM Justice, MJ Pryor, RJ Kaplan, J AF Perou, CM Justice, MJ Pryor, RJ Kaplan, J TI Complementation of the beige mutation in cultured cells by episomally replicating murine yeast artificial chromosomes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MOUSE CELLS; MICROINJECTION; IDENTIFICATION; FUSION; GENES; LOCUS; DNA AB Chediak-Higashi syndrome in man and the beige mutation of mice are phenotypically similar disorders that have profound effects upon lysosome acid melanosome morphology and function. We isolated two murine yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) that, when introduced into beige mouse fibroblasts, complement the beige mutation. The complementing YACs exist as extrachromosomal elements that are amplified in high concentrations of G418. When YAC-complemented beige cells were fused to human Chediak-Higashi syndrome or Aleutian mink fibroblasts, complementation of the mutant phenotype also occurred, These results localize the beige gene to a 500-kb interval and demonstrate that the same or homologous genes are defective in mice, minks, and humans. C1 UNIV UTAH,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,DIV CELL BIOL & IMMUNOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Perou, Charles/0000-0001-9827-2247 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA63229]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL26922]; NIGMS NIH HHS [2T32GM07464] NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 12 BP 5905 EP 5909 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.12.5905 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UQ455 UT WOS:A1996UQ45500043 PM 8650191 ER PT J AU Schnier, JB Nishi, K Goodrich, DW Bradbury, EM AF Schnier, JB Nishi, K Goodrich, DW Bradbury, EM TI G(1) arrest and down-regulation of cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine are dependent on the retinoblastoma protein in the bladder carcinoma cell line 5637 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cell cycle; p21(Waf1)/(Cip1); p27(Kip1) ID GENE-PRODUCT; RB GENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; H-3 STAUROSPORINE; POTENT INHIBITOR; G1 PHASE; PHOSPHORYLATION; TUMORIGENICITY; PROGRESSION; SUPPRESSION AB The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine has been shown to induce G(1) phase arrest in normal cells but not in most transformed cells, Staurosporine did not induce G(1) phase arrest in the bladder carcinoma cell line 5637 that lacks a functional retinoblastoma protein (pRB(-)). However, when infected with a pRB-expressing retrovirus [Goodrich, D, W., Chen, Y,, Scully, P, & Lee, W.-H. (1992) Cancer Res. 52, 1968-1973], these cells, now pRB(+), were arrested by staurosporine in G(1) phase, This arrest was accompanied by the accumulation of hypophosphorylated pRB, In both the pRB(+) and pRB(-) cells, cyclin D1-associated kinase activities were reduced on staurosporine treatment, In contrast, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2 and cyclin E/CDK2 activities were inhibited only in pRB(+) cells, Staurosporine treatment did not cause reductions in the protein levels of CDK4, cyclin D1, CDK2, or cyclin E, The CDK inhibitor proteins p21((Waf1/Clp1)) and p27((Kip1)) levels increased in staurosporine-treated cells. Immunoprecipitation of CDK2, cyclin E, and p21 from staurosporine-treated pRB(+) cells revealed a 2.5- to 3-fold higher ratio of p21 bound to CDK2 compared with staurosporine-treated pRB(-) cells, In pRB(+) cells, p21 was preferentially associated with Thr160 phosphorylated active CDK2, In pRB(-) cells, however, p21 was bound preferentially to the unphosphorylated, inactive form of CDK2 even though the phosphorylated form was abundant, This is the first evidence suggesting that G(1) arrest by 4 nM staurosporine is dependent on a functional pRB protein. Cell cycle arrest at the pRB-dependent checkpoint may prevent activation of cyclin E/CDK2 by stabilizing its interaction with inhibitor proteins p21 and p27. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT TUMOR BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Schnier, JB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-5511] NR 47 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 12 BP 5941 EP 5946 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.12.5941 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UQ455 UT WOS:A1996UQ45500050 PM 8650198 ER PT J AU Rajagopalan, K Pavlinkova, G Levy, S Pokkuluri, PR Schiffer, M Haley, BE Kohler, H AF Rajagopalan, K Pavlinkova, G Levy, S Pokkuluri, PR Schiffer, M Haley, BE Kohler, H TI Novel unconventional binding site in the variable region of immunoglobulins SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE antibody; nucleotide binding site; affinity linker; computer model ID PROTEIN; ANTIBODIES; PEPTIDE; GENES; CHAIN; VH AB The variable immunoglobulin (Ig) domains contain hypervariable regions that are involved in the formation of the antigen binding site. Besides the canonical antigen binding site, so-called unconventional sites also reside in the variable region that bind bacterial and viral proteins, Docking to these unconventional sites does not typically interfere with antigen binding, which suggests that these sites may be a part of the biological functions of Tgs. Herein, a novel unconventional binding site is described, The site is detected with 8-azidopurine nucleotide photoaffinity probes that label antibodies efficiently and under mild conditions. Tryptic peptides were isolated from photolabeled monoclonal antibodies and aligned with the variable antibody domains of heavy and light chains, The structure of a variable Ig fragment was used to model the binding of the purine nucleotide to invariant residues in a hydrophobic pocket of the Ig molecule at a location distant from the antigen binding site. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies were biotinylated with the photoaffinity linker and used in fluorescence-activated cell sorter and ELISA analyses. The data support the utility of this site for tethering diagnostic and therapeutic agents to the variable Ig fragment region without impairing the structural and functional integrity of antibodies. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, LEXINGTON, KY 40536 USA. UNIV KENTUCKY, COLL PHARM, DIV MED CHEM & PHARMACEUT, LEXINGTON, KY 40536 USA. UNIV KENTUCKY, MARKEY CANC CTR, LEXINGTON, KY 40536 USA. STANFORD UNIV, SCH MED, DIV ONCOL, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, CTR MECH BIOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 12 BP 6019 EP 6024 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.12.6019 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UQ455 UT WOS:A1996UQ45500064 PM 8650212 ER PT J AU Huang, W Palyka, I Li, HF Eisenstein, EM Volkow, ND Springer, CS AF Huang, W Palyka, I Li, HF Eisenstein, EM Volkow, ND Springer, CS TI Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detection of the murine brain response to light: Temporal differentiation and negative functional MRI changes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; CHANNELS; SYSTEM; MONKEY AB Using a 9.4 T MRI instrument, we have obtained images of the mouse brain response to photic stimulation during a period between deep anesthesia and the early stages of arousal. The large image enhancements we observe (often >30%) are consistent with literature results extrapolated to 9.4 T. However, there are also two unusual aspects to our findings, (i) The visual area of the brain responds only to changes in stimulus intensity, suggesting that we directly detect operations of the M visual system pathway. Such a channel has been observed in mice by invasive electrophysiology, and described in detail for primates. (ii) Along with the typical positive response in the area of the occipital portion of the brain containing the visual cortex, another area displays decreased signal intensity upon stimulation. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT RADIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,NORTHPORT,NY 11768. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NIA,NIH,NEUROSCI LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Huang, W (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 32125] NR 41 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 12 BP 6037 EP 6042 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.12.6037 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UQ455 UT WOS:A1996UQ45500067 PM 8650215 ER PT J AU Franceschetti, A Zunger, A AF Franceschetti, A Zunger, A TI Free-standing versus AlAs-embedded GaAs quantum dots, wires, and films: The emergence of a zero-confinement state SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Using a plane-wave pseudopotential method we investigate the electronic structure of free-standing and of AlAs-embedded GaAs quantum dots, wires, and films. We predict that (i) the confinement energy of the valence-band maximum (VBM) is larger in AlAs-embedded than in free-standing quantum structures, because of the zero-confinement character of the VBM wave function in the latter case; (ii) small GaAs quantum structures have an indirect band gap, whereas large GaAs quantum structures have a direct band gap; (iii) the conduction-band minimum of small free-standing quantum structures originates from the GaAs X(1c) valley, while it derives from the AlAs X(1c) state in AlAs-embedded quantum structures; (iv) the critical size for the direct/indirect crossover is larger in embedded quantum structures than in free-standing quantum structures. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Franceschetti, A (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 6 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3455 EP 3457 DI 10.1063/1.115791 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900029 ER PT J AU Zolper, JC Chui, HC AF Zolper, JC Chui, HC TI Si and Si/P implants in In0.5Ga0.5P and In0.5Al0.5P SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; ION-IMPLANTATION; LASER-DIODES; ACTIVATION; GROWTH; GAAS AB Si and Si/P ion implantation doping of In0.5Ga0.5P and In0.5Al0.5P has been studied for several Si and P doses at energies of 90 and 100 keV, respectively. For single Si implants in InGaP a maximum Hall sheet electron concentration of 1.33 x 10(13) cm(-2) is achieved for a Si dose of 5 x 10(13) cm(-2). When an optimum dose (2.5 x 10(13) cm(-2)) P coimplant is performed this electron concentration is increased by 65%. The same dose Si implants in InAlP show a maximum effective activation of 3.9% with no P coimplantation and 5.2% with a P-implant dose 1.5 times the silicon dose. The apparent donor ionization energies are estimated from variable temperature Hall measurements to be 2-5 meV for InGaP and similar to 80 meV for InAlP. The deeper level in InAlP is attributed to the DX level found in the Al-containing material. The reduction in sheet resistance associated with the use of Si/P coimplantation in InGaP containing heterostructures should contribute to significant performance enhancements in HFETs and lasers. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Zolper, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3473 EP 3475 DI 10.1063/1.115763 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900035 ER PT J AU McCluskey, MD Haller, EE Zach, FX BourretCourchesne, ED AF McCluskey, MD Haller, EE Zach, FX BourretCourchesne, ED TI Vibrational spectroscopy of arsenic-hydrogen complexes in ZnSe SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN AB Using infrared absorption spectroscopy, we have observed hydrogen local vibrational modes (LVMs) in arsenic-doped ZnSe grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). When hydrogen is used as a carrier gas,we find an absorption peak at 2165.6 cm(-1), which we attribute to a bond-stretching mode of a hydrogen attached to an arsenic acceptor in a bond-centered orientation. With deuterium substituting the hydrogen carrier gas, we find an additional peak at 1557.1 cm(-1) with 1/3 the intensity of the hydrogen peak. The isotopic frequency ratio is r = nu(H)/nu(D) = 1.3908, similar to values found in many hydrogen/deuterium-related complexes. The larger area of the hydrogen peak indicates that most of the hydrogen comes from decomposition reactions involving the metalorganic molecules, The temperature dependent shift of the ZnSe:As,H mode is proportional to the lattice thermal energy U(T), a consequence of the anharmonic coupling between the LVMs and the lattice phonons. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR ADV MAT, DIV SCI MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3476 EP 3478 DI 10.1063/1.116799 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900036 ER PT J AU Wei, T Xiang, XD WallaceFreedman, WG Schultz, PG AF Wei, T Xiang, XD WallaceFreedman, WG Schultz, PG TI Scanning tip microwave near-field microscope SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB A near-field microscope which operates in the rf/microwave frequency range is described. In this microscope, a scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-like tip rather than an aperture is used as a point-like evanescent field emitter, A spatial resolution of similar to 5 mu m (similar to lambda/100 000) is achieved in, the current version. We design of the microscope as well as the principal factors which affect its performance are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INST MOLEC DESIGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017 NR 13 TC 138 Z9 148 U1 4 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3506 EP 3508 DI 10.1063/1.115773 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900046 ER PT J AU Surpi, GC Harari, DD Frieman, JA AF Surpi, GC Harari, DD Frieman, JA TI Large-scale structure and the determination of H-O from gravitational lens time delays SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology, theory; distance scale; gravitational lensing; large-scale structure of universe ID DOUBLE QUASAR 0957+561; FERMAT PRINCIPLE; HUBBLE CONSTANT AB We analyze the effects of large-scale inhomogeneities upon the observables of a gravitational lens system, focusing on the issue of whether large-scale structure imperils the program to determine the Hubble parameter through measurements of time delays between multiple images in lens systems. We find that the lens equation in a spatially flat Robertson-Walker cosmology with scalar metric fluctuations is equivalent, to the leading order of approximation, to that for the same lensing system in the absence of fluctuations but with a different angular position of the source relative to the lens axis. Since the absolute position of the source is not observable, gravitational lens measurements cannot directly reveal the presence of large-scale structure. Large-scale perturbations do not modify the functional relationship between observable lens parameters and the Hubble parameter and therefore do not seriously affect the determination of H-0 from lens time delays. C1 NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Surpi, GC (reprint author), UNIV BUENOS AIRES,FAC CIENCIAS EXACTAS & NAT,DEPT FIS,CIUDAD UNIV,PAB 1,RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP 54 EP 59 DI 10.1086/177299 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN840 UT WOS:A1996UN84000006 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Turner, EL AF Wang, Y Turner, EL TI Statistics of extreme gravitational lensing events .1. The zero shear case SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing ID STAR DISTURBANCES; FLUX VARIATIONS; GALAXIES; AMPLIFICATION; QUASARS; ORIGIN; LENSES AB For a given source and lens pair, there is a thin on-axis tubelike volume behind the lens in which the radiation flux from the source is greatly increased due to gravitational lensing. Any objects (such as dust grains) that pass through such a thin tube will experience strong bursts of radiation, i.e., extreme gravitational lensing events (EGLEs). We study the physics and statistics of EGLEs for the case in which finite source size is more important than shear. One of the several possible significant astrophysical effects is investigated with an illustrative calculation. C1 PRINCETON UNIV OBSERV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Wang, Yun/B-5724-2011; Turner, Edwin/A-4295-2011 OI Wang, Yun/0000-0002-4749-2984; NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP 114 EP 124 DI 10.1086/177303 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN840 UT WOS:A1996UN84000010 ER PT J AU Timmes, FX Woosley, SE Hartmann, DH Hoffman, RD AF Timmes, FX Woosley, SE Hartmann, DH Hoffman, RD TI The production of Ti-44 and Co-60 in supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE gamma rays, observations; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernovae, general ID POSITRON-ANNIHILATION RADIATION; GALACTIC-CENTER REGION; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; CASSIOPEIA-A; X-RAY; LINE EMISSION; NOVA REMNANT; WHITE-DWARFS; I SUPERNOVAE; EXPLOSIVE NUCLEOSYNTHESIS AB The production of the radioactive isotopes Ti-44 and Co-60 in all types of supernovae is examined and compared to observational constraints including Galactic gamma-ray surveys, measurements of the diffuse 511 keV radiation, gamma-ray observations of Cas A, the late-time light curve of SN 1987A, and isotopic anomalies found in silicon carbide grains in meteorites. The (revised) line dux from Ti-44 decay in the Cas A supernova remnant reported by COMPTEL on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory is near the upper bound expected from our models. The necessary concurrent ejection of Ni-56 would also imply that Cas A was a brighter supernova than previously thought unless extinction in the intervening matter was very large. Thus, if confirmed, the reported amount of Ti-44 in Cas A provides very interesting constraints on both the supernova environment and its mechanism. The abundances of Ti-44 and Co-60 ejected by Type II supernovae are such that gamma-radiation from Ti-44 decay SN 1987A could be detected by a future generation of gamma-ray telescopes, and that the decay of Co-60 might provide an interesting contribution to the late-time light curve of SN 1987A and other core collapse supernovae. To produce the solar Ca-44 abundance and satisfy ail the observational constraints, nature may prefer at least the occasional explosion of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs as Type Ia supernovae. Depending on the escape fraction of positrons due to Co-56 made in all kinds of Type Ia supernovae, a significant fraction of the steady state diffuse 511 keV emission may arise from the annihilation of positrons produced during the decay of Ti-44 to Ca-44. The Ca and Ti isotopic anomalies in presolar grains confirm the production of Ti-44 in supernovae and that extensive mixing between zones has occurred, but a quantitative model for this mixing is presently lacking. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, UNIV CALIF OBSERV, LICK OBSERV, BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV GEN STUDIES, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. CLEMSON UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CLEMSON, SC 29634 USA. RP Timmes, FX (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO, LAB ASTROPHYS & SPACE RES, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NR 113 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP 332 EP 341 DI 10.1086/177323 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN840 UT WOS:A1996UN84000030 ER PT J AU Hurley, K Li, P Smette, A Kouveliotou, C Fishman, G Laros, J Cline, T Fenimore, E Klebesadel, R Boer, M Pedersen, H Niel, M Sommer, M AF Hurley, K Li, P Smette, A Kouveliotou, C Fishman, G Laros, J Cline, T Fenimore, E Klebesadel, R Boer, M Pedersen, H Niel, M Sommer, M TI Possible association of a quiescent x-ray source with a gamma-ray burster SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, bursts; X-rays, stars ID NEUTRON-STAR MODELS; ERROR BOXES; CONSTRAINTS AB We report on the first repeatedly detected statistically significant coincidence (chance probability approximate to 10(-2)-10(-3)) between an X-ray source and a gamma-ray burst error box. We present three ROSAT observations of the field of the gamma-ray burst of 1992 May 1. The first, a 2000 s target of opportunity observation, was carried out 18 days after the burst. A weak X-ray source was identified, but with too few photons to determine its spectral characteristics. The second, a 30 ks PSPC observation, resulted in the detection of 118 net photons over the 0.07-2.4 keV energy range. We find that the spectrum is consistent with thermal bremsstrahlung from a 7 x 10(6) K plasma with about 10(22) cm(-2) H I column density. The unabsorbed flux is similar to 9.4 x 10(-13) ergs cm(-2) s(-1) (corresponding absorbed flux 4.8 x 10(-14) ergs cm(-2) s(-1)). Analysis of the photon arrival times indicates that the source may be variable. Using the H I column density from the spectral fit, we set a lower limit to the source distance of at least several kpc; an extragalactic source cannot be ruled out. If the gamma-ray burst is indeed belated to the X-ray source, its total energy output would have been at least 2 x 10(37) ergs. The third observation, 6200 s with the HRI, defines a source error circle of 6'' radius. We discuss optical observations of this region, and consider various possibilities for the nature of the X-ray source. C1 KAPTEYN LAB,9700 AV GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PLANETARY SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS,F-31029 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. COPENHAGEN UNIV OBSERV,DK-1350 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP Hurley, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Boer, Michel/0000-0001-9157-4349 NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP 342 EP & DI 10.1086/177324 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN840 UT WOS:A1996UN84000031 ER PT J AU Bennett, CL Banday, AJ Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Jackson, P Keegstra, P Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wilkinson, DT Wright, EL AF Bennett, CL Banday, AJ Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Jackson, P Keegstra, P Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wilkinson, DT Wright, EL TI Four-year COBE DMR cosmic microwave background observations: Maps and basic results SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations ID RADIOMETER 1ST-YEAR MAPS; EXTRAGALACTIC OBJECTS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; CATALOGS AB In this Letter we present a summary of the spatial properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation based on the full 4 yr of COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) observations, with additional details in a set of companion Letters. The anisotropy is consistent with a scale-invariant power-law model and Gaussian statistics. With full use of the multifrequency 4 yr DMR data, including our estimate of the effects of Galactic emission, we find a power-law spectral index of n = 1.2 +/- 0.3 and a quadrupole normalization Q(rms-PS) = 15.31(-2.8)(+3.8) mu K. For n = 1 the best-fit normalization is Q(rms-PS/n=1) = 18 +/- 1.6 mu K. These values are consistent with both our previous 1 yr and 2 yr results. The results include use of the l = 2 quadrupole term; exclusion of this term gives consistent results, but with larger uncertainties. The final DMR 4 yr sky maps, presented in this Letter, portray an accurate overall visual impression of the anisotropy since the signal-to-noise ratio is similar to 2 per 10 degrees sky map patch. The improved signal-to-noise ratio of the 4 yr maps also allows for improvements in Galactic modeling and limits on non-Gaussian statistics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Bennett, CL (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 26 TC 707 Z9 707 U1 2 U2 12 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L1 EP & DI 10.1086/310075 PN 2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100001 ER PT J AU Gorski, KM Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Hinshaw, G Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wright, EL AF Gorski, KM Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Hinshaw, G Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wright, EL TI Power spectrum of primordial inhomogeneity determined from the four-year COBE DMR sky maps SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations; large-scale structure of universe; methods, analytical; methods, statistical ID DIFFERENTIAL MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; COSMIC BACKGROUND-RADIATION AB Fourier analysis and power spectrum estimation of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy on an incompletely sampled sky developed by Gorski has been applied to the 4 yr COBE DMR 31.5, 53, and 90 GHz sky maps. Likelihood analysis using newly constructed Galaxy cuts (extended beyond \b\ = 20 degrees to excise the known foreground emission) and simultaneously correcting for the faint high-latitude Galactic foreground emission is conducted on the DMR sky maps pixelized in both ecliptic and Galactic coordinates. The Bayesian power spectrum estimation from the foreground-corrected 4 yr COBE DMR data renders n similar to 1.2 +/- 0.3 and Q(rms-PS) similar to 15.3(-2.8)(+3.7) mu K (projections of the two-parameter likelihood). The results are consistent with the Harrison-Zeldovich n =1 model of amplitude Q(rms-PS) similar to 18 mu K detected with significance exceeding 14 sigma (delta Q/Q less than or similar to 0.07). (A small power spectrum amplitude drop below the published 2 yr results is predominantly due to the application of the new, extended Galaxy cuts.) C1 MAX PLANCK INST ASTROPHYS,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Gorski, KM (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 16 TC 199 Z9 198 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L11 EP & DI 10.1086/310077 PN 2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100003 ER PT J AU Hinshaw, G Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Kogut, A Lineweaver, CH Smoot, GF Wright, EL AF Hinshaw, G Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Kogut, A Lineweaver, CH Smoot, GF Wright, EL TI Two-point correlations in the COBE DMR four-year anisotropy maps SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations ID DIFFERENTIAL MICROWAVE RADIOMETER AB The two-point temperature correlation function is evaluated from the 4 yr COBE DMR microwave anisotropy maps. We examine the two-point function, which is the Legendre transform of the angular power spectrum, and show that the data are statistically consistent from channel to channel and frequency to frequency. The most likely quadrupole normalization is computed for a scale-invariant power-law spectrum of CMB anisotropy, using a variety of data combinations. For a given data set, the normalization inferred from the two-point data is consistent with that inferred by other methods. The smallest and largest normalizations deduced from any data combination are 16.4 and 19.6 mu K, respectively, with a value similar to 18 mu K generally preferred. C1 OBSERV STRASBOURG,F-67000 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Hinshaw, G (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 14 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L25 EP L28 DI 10.1086/310076 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100006 ER PT J AU Hinshaw, G Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wright, EL AF Hinshaw, G Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Kogut, A Smoot, GF Wright, EL TI Band power spectra in the COBE DMR four-year anisotropy maps SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations AB We employ a pixel-based likelihood technique to estimate the angular power spectrum of the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) 4 yr sky maps. The spectrum is consistent with a scale-invariant power-law form with a normalization, expressed in terms of the expected quadrupole anisotropy, of Q(rms-PS\n=1) = 18 +/- 1.4 mu K, and a best-fit spectral index of 1.2 +/- 0.3. The normalization is somewhat smaller than we concluded from the 2 yr data, mainly due to additional Galactic modeling. We extend the analysis to investigate the extent to which the ''small'' quadrupole observed in our sky is statistically consistent with a power-law spectrum. The most likely quadrupole amplitude ranges between 7 and 10 mu K, depending on the details of Galactic modeling and data selection, but in no case is there compelling evidence that the quadrupole is inconsistent with a power-law spectrum. We conclude with a likelihood analysis of the band power amplitude in each of four spectral bands between l = 2 and 40, and find no evidence for deviations from a simple power-law spectrum. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Hinshaw, G (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 19 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L17 EP L20 DI 10.1086/310074 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100004 ER PT J AU Kogut, A Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF Wright, EL AF Kogut, A Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF Wright, EL TI Tests for non-Gaussian statistics in the DMR four-year sky maps SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations; methods, statistical ID FLUCTUATIONS AB We search the high-latitude portion of the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) 4 yr sky maps for evidence of a non-Gaussian temperature distribution in the cosmic microwave background. The genus, three-point correlation function, and two-point correlation function of temperature maxima and minima are all in excellent agreement with the hypothesis that the CMB anisotropy on angular scales of 7 degrees or larger represents a random-phase Gaussian field. A likelihood comparison of the DMR sky maps to a set of random-phase non-Gaussian toy models selects the exact Gaussian model as most likely. Monte Carlo simulations show that the two-point correlation of the peaks and valleys in the maps provides the greatest discrimination among the class of models tested. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Kogut, A (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 15 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L29 EP L33 DI 10.1086/310078 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100007 ER PT J AU Kogut, A Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF Wright, EL AF Kogut, A Banday, AJ Bennett, CL Gorski, KM Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF Wright, EL TI Microwave emission at high Galactic latitudes in the four-year DMR sky maps SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations; Galaxy, general; ISM, general ID RADIO-CONTINUUM EMISSION; 408 MHZ; COBE AB We use the COBE(8) Differential Microwave Radiometers (DMR) 4 yr sky maps to model Galactic microwave emission at high latitudes (\b\ > 20 degrees). Cross-correlation of the DMR maps with Galactic template maps detects fluctuations in the high-latitude microwave sky brightness with the angular variation of the DIRBE far-infrared dust maps and a frequency dependence consistent with a superposition of dust and free-free emission. We find no significant correlations between the DMR maps and various synchrotron templates. On the largest angular scales (e.g., quadrupole), Galactic emission is comparable in amplitude to the anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The CMB quadrupole amplitude, after correction for Galactic emission, has amplitude Q(rms) = 10.7 mu K with random uncertainty 3.6 mu K and systematic uncertainty 7.1 mu K from uncertainty in our knowledge of Galactic microwave emission. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Kogut, A (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,CODE 685,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Kogut, Alan/D-6293-2012 NR 15 TC 162 Z9 162 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L5 EP & DI 10.1086/310072 PN 2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100002 ER PT J AU Wright, EL Bennett, CL Gorski, K Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF AF Wright, EL Bennett, CL Gorski, K Hinshaw, G Smoot, GF TI Angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy seen by the COBE DMR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations ID INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; EXTRAGALACTIC OBJECTS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; FLUCTUATIONS; CATALOGS AB The angular power spectrum estimator developed by Peebles and Hauser & Peebles has been modified and applied to the 4 yr maps produced by the COBE DMR. The power spectrum of the observed sky has been compared to the power spectra of a large number of simulated random skies produced with noise equal to the observed noise and primordial density fluctuation power spectra of power-law form, with P(k) proportional to k(n). The best-fitting value of the spectral index in the range of spatial scales corresponding to spherical harmonic indices 3 less than or equal to l less than or similar to 30 is an apparent spectral index n(app) = 1.13(-0.4)(+0.3) which is consistent with the Harrison-Zeldovich primordial spectral index n(pri) = 1. The best-fitting amplitude for n(app) = 1 is [Q(rms)(2)](0.5) = 18 mu K. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,HUGHES STX CORP,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Wright, EL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,POB 951562,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 17 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L21 EP L24 DI 10.1086/310073 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100005 ER PT J AU Cao, J Ahmadi, G Massoudi, M AF Cao, J Ahmadi, G Massoudi, M TI Gravity granular flows of slightly frictional particles down an inclined bumpy chute SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; INELASTIC SPHERES; KINETIC-MODEL; SHEAR FLOWS; EQUATIONS; LOSSES; MOTION; DRIVEN; SMOOTH AB Gravity-driven granular flow of slightly frictional particles down an inclined, bumpy chute is studied. A modified kinetic model which includes the frictional energy loss effects is used, and the boundary conditions for a bumpy wall with small friction are derived by ensuring the balance of momentum and energy. At the free surface, the condition of vanishing of the solid volume fraction is used. The mean velocity, the fluctuation kinetic energy and the solid volume fraction profiles are evaluated. It is shown that steady granular gravity flow down a bumpy frictional chute could be achieved at arbitrary inclination angles. The computational results also show that the slip velocity may vary considerably depending on the granular layer height, the surface boundary roughness, the friction coefficient and the inclination angles. The model predictions are compared with the existing experimental and simulation data, and good agreement is observed. In particular, the model can well predicate the features of the variation of solid volume fraction and fluctuation energy profiles for different particle-wall friction coefficients and wall roughnesses. C1 US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. RP Cao, J (reprint author), CLARKSON UNIV,DEPT MECH & AERONAUT ENGN,POTSDAM,NY 13699, USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 316 BP 197 EP 221 DI 10.1017/S002211209600050X PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA UV269 UT WOS:A1996UV26900009 ER PT J AU Wyrobek, AJ Adler, ID AF Wyrobek, AJ Adler, ID TI Current issues in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis .70. Detection of aneuploidy in human and rodent sperm using FISH and applications of sperm assays of genetic damage in heritable risk evaluation SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence in situ hybridization; human sperm; mouse sperm; aneuploidy; heritable risk; parallelogram ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN-SPERMATOZOA; CHROMOSOMES; NUCLEI; FREQUENCY; NONDISJUNCTION; RADIOTHERAPY; ABERRATIONS; PROBES AB Efficient molecular methods are being developed for detecting various types of cytogenetic genetic damage in sperm, especially numerical aneuploidy for chromosomes involved in trisomies that survive at birth These methods provide new approaches for identifying potentially detrimental environmental exposures, genetic predisposition, chromosomal rearrangements, and physiologic factors which may increase a man's risk of fathering a genetically defective offspring. Corollary methods are also being developed for detecting sperm aneuploidy in laboratory rodents and these will be used to make inter-species comparisons of mutagen sensitivities and for investigating mechanisms of induction and persistence of aneuploidy. Validated assays for detecting genetic alterations in human and rodent sperm (of which sperm aneuploidy is a first example) permit comparisons of somatic and germinal response to mutagens within individuals, comparisons of human and rodent germinal sensitivity to mutagens, and can be applied in an extended parallelogram model to sperm for assessing heritable risk resulting from paternal mutagen exposures. C1 GSF, INST SAUGETIERGENET, D-85758 OBERSCHLEISSHEIM, GERMANY. RP Wyrobek, AJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM, L-452, POB 808, 7000 EAST AVE, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-10203-00] NR 53 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 352 IS 1-2 BP 173 EP 179 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00249-9 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA UU370 UT WOS:A1996UU37000023 PM 8676907 ER PT J AU Coriano, C Gordon, LE AF Coriano, C Gordon, LE TI Polarized and unpolarized double prompt photon production in next-to-leading order QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID PROTON COLLISIONS; SCATTERING; TARGET; BEAM AB We calculate O(alpha(s)) corrections to inclusive and isolated double prompt photon production, both For the unpolarized case, and for longitudinal polarization of the incoming hadrons. The calculation is performed using purely analytical techniques for the inclusive case, and a combination of analytical and Monte Carlo techniques to perform the phase space integration in the isolated case. A brief phenomenological study is made of the process pp --> gamma gamma X at c.m.s. energies appropriate for the RHIC heavy ion collider. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Coriano, C (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYS,INST FUNDAMENTAL THEORY,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. OI Coriano', Claudio/0000-0003-0479-8075 NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1-2 BP 202 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00139-3 PG 31 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UV627 UT WOS:A1996UV62700009 ER PT J AU Kane, GL Wells, JD AF Kane, GL Wells, JD TI Higgsino cold dark matter motivated by collider data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; NUCLEON-SCATTERING; RELIC ABUNDANCE; CROSS-SECTIONS; NEUTRALINO; SUPERGRAVITY; DECAY; PREDICTIONS; COSMOLOGY; PARTICLES AB Motivated by a supersymmetric interpretation of the CDF ee gamma gamma + E(r) event and the reported Z --> excess at LEP, we analyze the implied Higgsino-like lightest supersymmetric partner as a cold dark matter candidate. We examine constraints and calculate its relic density, obtaining 0.05 < Omega h(2) < 1. Thus it is a viable cold dark matter candidate, and we discuss its favorable prospects for laboratory detection. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Kane, GL (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,RANDALL LAB PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 47 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4458 EP 4461 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4458 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600002 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Brinkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Auchincloss, P Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Brinkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Auchincloss, P Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the B- and (B)over-bar(0) meson lifetimes using semileptonic decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID = 1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; HADRONS AB The lifetimes of the B- and (B) over bar(0) mesons are measured using the partially reconstructed semileptonic decays (B) over bar --> Dl(-)<(nu)over bar>X, where D is either a D-0 or D*(+) meson. The data were collected by the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider during 1992-1993 and correspond to 19.3 pb(-1) of <(p)over bar p> collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV. We measure the decay length distributions and find the lifetimes to be tau(B-)= 1.56 +/- 0.13 +/- 0.06 ps and tau(($) over bar(0)) = 1.54 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.06 ps, and the ratio of lifetimes to be tau(B-)/tau((B) over bar(0)) = 1.01 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.02, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PADOVA,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4462 EP 4467 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4462 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600003 ER PT J AU Prout, DL DeLucia, S Cooper, D Luther, B Sugarbaker, E Taddeucci, TN Rybarcyk, LJ Rapaport, J Park, BK Goodman, CD Edwards, G Glashausser, C Sams, T Udagawa, T Osterfeld, F AF Prout, DL DeLucia, S Cooper, D Luther, B Sugarbaker, E Taddeucci, TN Rybarcyk, LJ Rapaport, J Park, BK Goodman, CD Edwards, G Glashausser, C Sams, T Udagawa, T Osterfeld, F TI Spin decomposition of the Delta resonance cross section using the C-12((p)over-right-arrow,(n)over-right-arrow) reaction at E(p)=795 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION-TRANSFER; NUCLEAR-SPIN; EXCITATIONS; SCATTERING; PIONS; DECAY AB The first (p,n) polarization-transfer measurements for delta production on a nuclear target are presented for the C-12((p) over right arrow,(n) over right arrow) reaction at 0 degrees and 795 MeV. Polarization observables are used to extract the spin-longitudinal, spin-transverse, and spin-independent partial cross sections. In the spin-longitudinal channel, fair agreement is found between experiment and a model which includes a strongly attractive residual interaction. A large unexpected enhancement in the spin-transverse cross section is observed. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. OHIO UNIV, ATHENS, OH 45701 USA. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. INDIANA UNIV, CYCLOTRON FACIL, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. NIELS BOHR INST, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O, DENMARK. UNIV TEXAS, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST KERNPHYS, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. RI Sams, Thomas/A-9781-2014 OI Sams, Thomas/0000-0002-6316-2539 NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4488 EP 4491 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4488 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600009 ER PT J AU Budil, KS Remington, BA Peyser, TA Mikaelian, KO Miller, PL Woolsey, NC WoodVasey, WM Rubenchik, AM AF Budil, KS Remington, BA Peyser, TA Mikaelian, KO Miller, PL Woolsey, NC WoodVasey, WM Rubenchik, AM TI Experimental comparison of classical versus ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-FUSION; GROWTH; DRIVEN AB The evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a compressible medium has been investigated both at an accelerating embedded interface and at the ablation front in experiments on the Nova laser. Planar targets of brominated plastic for the ablation front and brominated plastic backed by a titanium payload for the embedded interface were ablatively accelerated by the x-ray drive generated in a gold Hohlraum. When the perturbation is at the ablation front, short wavelength modes are stabilized, whereas at the embedded interface the shortest wavelengths grow the mast. RP Budil, KS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Miller, Paul/E-6880-2013 NR 27 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4536 EP 4539 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4536 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600021 ER PT J AU Kwok, WK Fendrich, JA Vinokur, VM Koshelev, AE Crabtree, GW AF Kwok, WK Fendrich, JA Vinokur, VM Koshelev, AE Crabtree, GW TI Vortex shear modulus and lattice melting in twin boundary channels of YBa2Cu3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL YBA2CU3O7; OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUCTUATION; TRANSITION AB Melting of the vortex lattice is probed directly by investigating the flow of vortices in channels created by twin boundaries. The angular-dependent resistivity p(T,H)(theta) has a maximum above the melting temperature T-m and crosses over to a minimum below, corresponding to the onset of a shear modulus which reduces vortex how in the channels. A peak effect in the critical current below T-m is accompanied by a sharp increase in the twin boundary pinning accommodation angle. We calculate the effective twin boundary pinning energy by relating the accommodation angle to a thermal depinning angle. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Kwok, WK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 30 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4596 EP 4599 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4596 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600036 ER PT J AU Kiryukhin, V Keimer, B Hill, JP Vigliante, A AF Kiryukhin, V Keimer, B Hill, JP Vigliante, A TI Soliton lattice in pure and diluted CuGeO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-PEIERLS TRANSITION; POLYACETYLENE; SYSTEMS; STATE AB We report a synchrotron x-ray scattering study of the magnetic-field-induced incommensurate phase of the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO3, in magnetic fields up to 13 T. By measuring first and third harmonics of the incommensurate Bragg reflections as a function of field we show that the lattice modulation has the form of a soliton lattice. The soliton half-width, 13.6 lattice spacings, is surprisingly large. Dilution of the CuO2 spin-1/2 chains with spin-0 (Zn) and spin-1 (Ni) impurities results in a short-range-ordered incommensurate state with an anisotropic correlation length comparable to the average impurity separation. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Kiryukhin, V (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 28 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 24 BP 4608 EP 4611 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4608 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UP536 UT WOS:A1996UP53600039 ER PT J AU Bales, GS AF Bales, GS TI Crossover scaling during submonolayer epitaxy on vicinal substrates SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE epitaxy; growth; models of non-equilibrium phenomena; molecular beam epitaxy; nucleation; surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; vicinal single crystal surfaces ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ISLAND GROWTH; NUCLEATION; DIFFUSION; SURFACES; SIZE AB The nucleation and growth of two-dimensional islands on a vicinal substrate during the early stages of epitaxial growth is studied with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and self-consistent rate equations. The island size distribution and island number density are shown to satisfy a dynamic crossover scaling form. A generalization of the self-consistent mean-field rate theory to vicinal substrates provides quantitative agreement with simulations. RP Bales, GS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 1-3 BP L439 EP L444 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00675-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW580 UT WOS:A1996UW58000008 ER PT J AU Hrbek, J Kuhn, M Rodriguez, JA AF Hrbek, J Kuhn, M Rodriguez, JA TI Coadsorption and reaction of sulfur and silver on a Ru(001) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE compound formation; ruthenium; silver; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; sulfides; sulfur ID ADSORPTION AB We have investigated the interaction of Ag and S coadsorbed on a Ru(001) surface using high-resolution soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy of the S 2p core level and valence region. The interaction of adsorbed sulfur and the first layer of Ag adatoms is weak. Theta(S)+Theta(Ag)<0.5 ML, Ag and S are coadsorbed in segregated domains. The Ag layer is covered by chemisorbed S only after a S-saturation of the Ru surface (Theta(S)>0.5 ML). At Ag coverages higher than one monolayer, the valence band and the S 2p spectra show formation of Silver sulfide at room temperature. RP Hrbek, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 1-3 BP L423 EP L428 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00674-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UW580 UT WOS:A1996UW58000005 ER PT J AU Chitanvis, SM AF Chitanvis, SM TI A continuum solvation theory of quadrupolar fluids SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE AB We have derived a generalization of Poisson's equation, a fourth-order partial differential equation, to describe the electrostatic behavior of polarizable, quadrupolar fluids. Our theory is in accord with the approach of Evangelista and Barbero. This equation was solved for the case of multipoles of arbitrary order placed at the center of a spherical cavity in a quadrupolar fluid. Our solution indicates that the quadrupolar portion of the disturbance created by an electrostatic probe in a polarizable quadrupolar fluid is localized to a distance of about a bohr, while asymptotically the fluid behaves as a polarizable medium. Internal field corrections as well as internal field gradient corrections have been computed. Fairly good agreement is found between our theory and the experimentally determined dielectric constant for carbon dioxide. The cavity model solution has been applied toward understanding the solvation of ions and dipolar molecules in supercritical carbon dioxide. We have used our theory to show that ions do not dissolve in supercritical carbon dioxide. Our theory displays improving agreement with data on the solubility of water molecules in supercritical carbon dioxide as pressure and temperature are increased. Ways to enhance agreement with experiments are suggested. We speculate on generalizations of our approach to fluids composed of higher-order multipoles, e.g., methane, whose first nonvanishing moment is an octupole. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Chitanvis, SM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 22 BP 9065 EP 9074 DI 10.1063/1.471615 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UP202 UT WOS:A1996UP20200024 ER PT J AU Farges, F Brown, GE AF Farges, F Brown, GE TI An empirical model for the anharmonic analysis of high-temperature XAFS spectra of oxide compounds with applications to the coordination environment of Ni in NiO, gamma-Ni2SiO4 and Ni-bearing Na-disilicate glass and melt SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Silicate Melt Workshop CY APR 04-08, 1995 CL LA PETITE PIERRE, FRANCE ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; TRANSITION-METAL IONS; STRUCTURAL ENVIRONMENT; SILICATE MELTS; FINE-STRUCTURE; SYSTEMS; PRESSURE; NICKEL AB The coordination chemistry of Ni in NiO, gamma-Ni2SiO4 and a Ni-bearing sodium disilicate glass and melt (with 2 wt% NiO) has been investigated between 300 and 1250 K using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy at the Ni K-edge. In the crystalline model compounds, the phase term of the XAFS oscillations for the Ni-O pair arising from thermal disorder (''anharmonicity'') is found to vary simply as a function of temperature T: delta phi(T)(k) = -Sigma phi Delta T<(alpha)over bar>R(0)(k-k(0)), where Sigma phi is the interatomic phase-shift correction at room temperature; <(alpha)over bar> is the average linear thermal expansion (in K-1); Delta T is the temperature range (= T-293 K); R(0) is the bond length at room temperature; and k(0) is the starting value for the photoelectron wavenumber (k) region used during the modeling of the XAFS signal (both k and k(0) in Angstrom(-1)). This formalism confirms the relationship between anharmonicity and linear thermal expansion (<(alpha)over bar>). This model is used to determine Ni-O bond lengths in Ni-bearing sodium disilicate glass and melt at high temperature during nucleation and melting of the glass. In this system, Ni undergoes two temperature-induced coordination changes: one from similar to 5 to similar to 6 during the nucleation of the glass (similar to 800 K) and another from similar to 6 to similar to 4 during the melting of the nucleated sample (similar to 850 K). These observations are confirmed by new nb initio calculations of the Ni K-edge region, Our results show that the coordination chemistry of Ni in this glass is not the same as that in the melt. The predominance of 5- and 4-coordinated Ni in sodium disilicate glass and melt, respectively, is consistent with similar observations for Fe2+, Mg and Zn in similar silicate glass-melt systems. C1 URA CNRS 734, F-93166 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. LURE, F-93166 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. RP UNIV MARNE VALLEE, LAB PHYS & MECAN GEOMAT, 2 ALLEE LA BUTTE VERTE, F-93166 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 EI 1878-5999 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 128 IS 1-4 BP 93 EP 106 DI 10.1016/0009-2541(95)00165-4 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UV561 UT WOS:A1996UV56100008 ER PT J AU Nielsen, IMB AF Nielsen, IMB TI A new direct MP2 gradient algorithm with implementation on a massively parallel computer SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY AB A new direct second-order Moller-Plesset gradient algorithm is presented. By avoiding generation of molecular orbital integrals with three virtual indices, the memory requirement for a calculation with n basis functions and o occupied orbitals is reduced to on(2), and overall computational savings are obtained. The algorithm hss been implemented with distributed data on a massively parallel computer, the Intel Paragon. The parallelization scheme provides high parallel efficiency, and the performance of the algorithm is illustrated for calculations running on up to 64 processors. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP Nielsen, IMB (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NR 19 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 255 IS 1-3 BP 210 EP 216 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00356-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UQ975 UT WOS:A1996UQ97500034 ER PT J AU Guan, H Guiochon, G Coffey, D Davis, E Gulakowski, K Smith, DW AF Guan, H Guiochon, G Coffey, D Davis, E Gulakowski, K Smith, DW TI Study of the physico-chemical properties of some packing materials .2. General properties of the particles SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE stationary phases, LC; scanning electron microscopy; preparative chromatography ID GRADIENT ELUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; SINGLE-COMPONENT; COUNTERCURRENT; BAND AB Scanning electron microscopy reveals the shape and illustrates the particle size distribution of four different brands of spherical silica particles used in preparative chromatography (C-18-bonded Kromasil, Vydac, YMC, and Zorbax), Pycnometry provides a direct estimate of the unaccessible volume fraction in a column. The retention volumes of benzene in dichloromethane and of uracil in methanol provide two independent estimates of the total column porosity which are in excellent agreement. Within 2 to 3%, the sum of these two fractional volumes is equal to unity, as expected, in spite of a possible disagreement between the two sets of measurements due to the fact that the C-18 bonded chains are collapsed during the pycnometric measurements and are dissolved in the mobile phase during the chromatographic measurements. Finally, estimates of the volume fractions of the column occupied by the bonded layer and the silica skeleton for two of the packing materials suggest that the closed pore porosity is negligible (1 to 2% at most). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MICROMERITICS,NORCROSS,GA 30093. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 736 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)01355-5 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UV349 UT WOS:A1996UV34900003 ER PT J AU Harvey, SD AF Harvey, SD TI Capillary zone electrophoretic and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic separations of polyaminopolycarboxylic acids as their copper complexes SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE environmental analysis; complexation; polyaminopolycarboxylic acids; carboxylic acids; copper complexes; detergents; metal complexes ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; NITRILOTRIACETIC ACID; METAL-COMPLEXES; WATER; RESOLUTION; SAMPLES; IONS AB Capillary zone electrophoretic (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic (MECC) separations with UV absorbance detection at 290 nm were developed for separation and detection of the negatively-charged copper complexes of the polyaminopolycarboxylic acids. A standard mixture that contained ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic (NTA), ethylenediaminetriacetic (ED3A), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic (DTPA) and hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic (HEDTA) acids was utilized to demonstrate these separation methods. MECC techniques were performed with either cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) or anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) surfactants. All three separation techniques achieved separation of the standard components with baseline resolution. A fast separation (7.5 min) was obtained with CTAB surfactant that provided a detection limit of 38 pg for HEDTA. The cationic micellar strategy was also extended to separations of mixed-metal EDTA complexes. RP Harvey, SD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 736 IS 1-2 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)01366-0 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UV349 UT WOS:A1996UV34900038 ER PT J AU Philpott, MR Glosli, JN AF Philpott, MR Glosli, JN TI Electric potential near a charged metal surface in contact with aqueous electrolyte SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Snowdonia Conference on Electrified Interfaces - Dynamics and Structure at Electrified Interfaces CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL COLEG HARLECH, WALES DE electric potential; aqueous electrolyte; molecular dynamics simulation ID LIQUID VAPOR INTERFACE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; PARTICLE SIMULATIONS; WATER; ADSORPTION; ALGORITHM; IONS AB The time independent electric potential due to water and a lithium ion near a charged metal surface is calculated by space and ensemble averaging of trajectories generated by a molecular dynamics simulation. Since the cation does not contact adsorb, variations in the electric potential near the metal surface are due to water oriented in the electric field of the charged surface. The potential is decomposed into separate contributions from monopoles (from the ions), and dipoles, quadrupoles and octopoles (from the water molecules). At distances greater than about 0.5 nm from the electrode (two to three water molecules) the potential is 'flat' with the quadrupole contributing most due to a near cancellation of the ion and water dipole components. Approaching the surface, weak features are encountered due to water packing and then a big oscillation due to water oriented in a layer next to the electrode. None of these effects are described in theories that approximate water as a continuum fluid. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Philpott, MR (reprint author), IBM RES CORP,ALMADEN RES CTR,650 HARRY RD,SAN JOSE,CA 95120, USA. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 409 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/0022-0728(96)04510-X PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA UZ098 UT WOS:A1996UZ09800010 ER PT J AU Wandlowski, T Ocko, BM Magnussen, OM Wu, S Lipkowski, J AF Wandlowski, T Ocko, BM Magnussen, OM Wu, S Lipkowski, J TI The surface structure of Au(111) in the presence of organic adlayers: A combined electrochemical and surface X-ray scattering study SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Snowdonia Conference on Electrified Interfaces - Dynamics and Structure at Electrified Interfaces CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL COLEG HARLECH, WALES DE X-ray studies; Au(111); organic adlayers ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ELECTRODE SURFACES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; GOLD ATOMS; RECONSTRUCTION; ADSORPTION; INSITU; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACE; AU(100) AB In situ X-ray scattering studies of the Au(111) electrode surface have been carried out in KClO4 solutions containing uracil, pyridine or 2,2'-bipyridine using grazing incident-angle diffraction. At sufficiently negative potentials, the (p x root 3) surface reconstruction forms with a stripe separation p = 23. The formation of a two-dimensional condensed uracil film or a complete monolayer of planar oriented pyridine or 2,2'-bipyridine hinders the lifting of the reconstruction. Whereas the stripe separation increases continuously over a 0.6 V range in the base electrolyte, the presence of the organic compounds blocks this process considerably. Only a small, step-like increase in p is observed, where the adlayer is disordered. There exists a 0.7 V hysteresis between the lifting and the subsequent formation of the reconstruction. The(p x root 3) phase reappears at potentials where a 'gas-like' adlayer is formed once again. Cyclic diffractograms and potential step measurements have been employed to study the time dependence of these substrate transitions for the system uracil/Au(111). C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV GUELPH,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,GUELPH,ON N1G 2W1,CANADA. RP Wandlowski, T (reprint author), UNIV ULM,DEPT ELECTROCHEM,D-89069 ULM,GERMANY. RI Thomas, Wandlowski/C-7251-2009 NR 41 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 409 IS 1-2 BP 155 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0022-0728(95)04479-5 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA UZ098 UT WOS:A1996UZ09800022 ER PT J AU Drabant, B Ogievetski, O Schlieker, M AF Drabant, B Ogievetski, O Schlieker, M TI The standard complex of quantum enveloping algebras SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-CALCULUS; VECTOR-FIELDS AB We consider quantized derivation representations pi of Hopf algebras H in some associative algebras A. The algebra of quantized differential operators A x(pi) H of bialgebra representations, which are special representations by derivations, are constructed. For the quantum enveloping algebras U-q(g) of Lie algebras associated with the root systems A(n), B-n, C-n and D-n we define a deformation Lambda of the exterior algebra of forms, and by applying the above results it is shown that the quantized adjoint representation of U-q(g) induces a bialgebra representation ad(boolean AND) of U-q(g) in Lambda. The resulting algebra of differential operators Lambda x(ad Lambda) U-q(g) is a deformation of the standard Koszul complex of Lie algebras. It admits an exterior derivative which is, in particular, a U-q(g)-module morphism. Hence cohomology groups of U-q(g) relative to some U-q(g)-module M can be constructed. C1 WERNER HEISENBERG INST,MAX PLANCK INST PHYS,D-80805 MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Drabant, B (reprint author), KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN,DEPT MATH,CELESTIJNENLAAN 200B,B-3001 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 11 BP 2751 EP 2769 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/29/11/012 PG 19 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UP440 UT WOS:A1996UP44000012 ER PT J AU Kersting, AB Arculus, RJ Gust, DA AF Kersting, AB Arculus, RJ Gust, DA TI Lithospheric contributions to arc magmatism: Isotope variations along strike in volcanoes of Honshu, Japan SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ISLAND-ARC; ROCKS; CRUSTAL; SR; GENERATION; GENESIS; BASALTS; PACIFIC; ANDES; CHILE AB Major chemical exchange between the crust and mantle occurs in subduction zone environments, profoundly affecting the chemical evolution of Earth. The relative contributions of the subducting slab, mantle wedge, and are lithosphere to the generation of island are magmas, and ultimately new continental crust, are controversial. Isotopic data for lavas from a transect of volcanoes in a single are segment of northern Honshu, Japan, have distinct variations coincident with changes in crustal lithology. These data im ply that the relatively thin crustal lithosphere is an active geochemical filter for all traversing magmas and is responsible for significant modification of primary mantle melts. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,KEY CTR GEOCHEM EVOLUT & METALLOGENY CONTINENTS,DEPT GEOL,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. QUEENSLAND UNIV TECHNOL,SCH GEOL,BRISBANE,QLD 4001,AUSTRALIA. RP Kersting, AB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,L-231,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 33 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 7 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 5267 BP 1464 EP 1468 DI 10.1126/science.272.5267.1464 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UP899 UT WOS:A1996UP89900042 ER PT J AU Xantheas, SS AF Xantheas, SS TI Quantitative description of hydrogen bonding in chloride-water clusters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; GAS-PHASE; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; POLARIZABLE WATER; ION COMPLEXES; BASIS-SETS; CL-IONS; HYDRATION; SOLVATION; ENERGIES AB We have determined the optimal structures, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and incremental association enthalpies for the Cl-(H2O)(n), n = 1-4, clusters from first principle calculations and analyzed their structural, spectral, and energetic trends with cluster size. We have found that hydrogen bonding among water molecules plays a significant role in determining the optimal configurations as it becomes more competitive with the chloride-water interaction as the cluster grows. The competition between the different hydrogen bonding networks gives rise to more than one isomer for the n = 3 and 4 clusters that exhibit different structural, spectral, and energetic features. Configurations in which there exists less ordering among water molecules are associated with broader, less intense IR bands. In contrast, narrower bands of larger intensity are signatures of more ordered configurations. The most IR active bands correspond to the motion of the hydrogen bonded to the ion H atom along or perpendicular to the Cl-O bond, giving rise to the corresponding intra- (> 3000 cm(-1)) and intermolecular (similar to 700 cm(-1)) bands. An analysis of the small (< 2 kcal/mol) energy difference between the various isomers in terms of the individual many-body interaction energy terms suggests that the nonadditive components account for a small (<6%) amount of the corresponding interaction energies. Therefore, a pairwise additive potential may be adequate in describing the structural and energetic features of these clusters. For this purpose we present a quantitative description of the chloride-water interaction along the Cl-O association coordinate. RP Xantheas, SS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,POB 999,MS K1-83,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 58 TC 183 Z9 183 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 23 BP 9703 EP 9713 DI 10.1021/jp960779s PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UP706 UT WOS:A1996UP70600023 ER PT J AU Casey, WH Ludwig, C AF Casey, WH Ludwig, C TI The mechanism of dissolution of oxide minerals SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ORTHOSILICATE MINERALS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; KINETICS; RATES; DUST AB THE exchange of metal ions between an oxide mineral surface and water occurs in a wide range of processes, including corrosion(1), the breakdown, of inhaled dusts(2,3), soil formation(4) and the cycling of toxic substances in the environment(5). In studies of the mechanisms of dissolution, the measured rate-law order with respect to protons(6-15) cannot be reconciled with the number of protons needed to form any reasonable assumed activated complex. Here we suggest that this discrepancy can be avoided if one takes into account the number of protonation and deprotonation steps leading to detachment of the hydrated metal ion. We show that the experimental proton rate order reflects a net balance of protons removed and attached in these steps. Our mechanism explains why the rate order generally coincides with the metal valence(8,9,11,12,16-18), and why there is a similarity between rates of water ligand liability in dissolved complexes and rates of mineral dissolution(19-22) and metal desorption(23). It eliminates the need to invoke catalysis by protons, and establishes a close consistency between reactions at surfaces and (better understood) ligand-exchange reactions in solution. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT GEOL, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. EAWAG, CH-8600 DUBENDORF, SWITZERLAND. RP Casey, WH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT LAND AIR & WATER RESOURCES, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RI Ludwig, Christian/B-8224-2008 OI Ludwig, Christian/0000-0002-0718-8195 NR 28 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 381 IS 6582 BP 506 EP 509 DI 10.1038/381506a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UP435 UT WOS:A1996UP43500054 ER PT J AU Riotto, A Roulet, E AF Riotto, A Roulet, E TI Vacuum decay along supersymmetric flat directions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FINITE TEMPERATURE; QUARK MASSES; FALSE VACUUM; BREAKING; MODEL; BEHAVIOR; BOUNDS; FATE AB It has been recently realized that within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, for certain patterns of superpartner masses, consistent with all the present experimental constraints, the scalar potential may develop at some scale Q(0) unbounded color/charge breaking directions involving the sfermion fields, and that these patterns are then excluded unless some new physics is invoked at or below the scale Q(0). We reanalyze this observation and point out that such patterns of superpartner masses at the weak scale are not ruled out when taking into account the probability of decay for the metastable color conserving minimum along these color breaking unbounded directions, It turns out that the color conserving minimum, although metastable, has a lifetime longer than the present age of the Universe and can survive both quantum tunneling and the effects of high temperatures in the early Universe, causing the color/charge breaking effects to be in practice not dangerous. C1 SISSA,ISAS,SCH ADV INT STUDIES,I-34014 TRIESTE,ITALY. RP Riotto, A (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 25 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 377 IS 1-3 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00313-9 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT148 UT WOS:A1996UT14800011 ER PT J AU Barbieri, R Dvali, G Hall, LJ AF Barbieri, R Dvali, G Hall, LJ TI Predictions from a U(2) flavour symmetry in supersymmetric theories SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK MASSES; SUPERGRAVITY; MODELS AB In a generic supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, whether unified or not, a simple and well motivated global U(2) symmetry, acting on the lightest two generations, completely solves the flavour changing problem and necessarily leads to a predictive texture for the Yukawa couplings. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PISA,I-56126 PISA,ITALY. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,THEORET PHYS GRP,LBNL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Barbieri, R (reprint author), UNIV PISA,DEPT PHYS,I-56126 PISA,ITALY. NR 32 TC 219 Z9 219 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 377 IS 1-3 BP 76 EP 82 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00318-8 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT148 UT WOS:A1996UT14800013 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Baanchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchi, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, E Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, E Formenti, E Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, E Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SM Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Neumann, W Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Ronjin, V Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, V Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barate, R Barbi, M Barbiellini, G Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Blyth, S Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Bosworth, S Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Baanchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brillault, L Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Cerrito, L Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchi, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, E Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Dufour, Y Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Ershaidat, N Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, E Formenti, E Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, E Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SM Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Neumann, W Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Ronjin, V Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, V Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zuberi, R Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Updated precision measurement of the average lifetime of B hadrons SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB The measurement of the average lifetime of B hadrons using inclusively reconstructed secondary vertices has been updated using both an improved processing of previous data and additional statistics from new data. This has reduced the statistical and systematic uncertainties and gives tau(B) = 1.582+/-0.011 (stat.)+/-0.027 (syst.) ps. Combining this result with the previous result based on charged particle impact parameter distributions yields tau(B) = 1.575+/-0.010 (stat.)+/-0.026 (syst.) ps. C1 UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,CNRS,IN2P3,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,LPNHE,CNRS,IN2P3,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,MFF,NUCL CTR,AREAL MFF,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DPTO FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. CSIC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,UC,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,FYSIKUM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,DEPT FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,ULP,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. DEMOKRITOS NATL CTR SCI RES,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,INST PHYS,FZU,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,CR-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST SCI NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,SEFT,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), INST SUPER TECN,IST,FCUL,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1O,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017 OI Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Bonesini, Maurizio/0000-0001-5119-1896; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 377 IS 1-3 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00452-2 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA UT148 UT WOS:A1996UT14800030 ER PT J AU Jentzen, W TurowskaTyrk, I Scheidt, WR Shelnutt, JA AF Jentzen, W TurowskaTyrk, I Scheidt, WR Shelnutt, JA TI Planar solid-state and solution structures of (porphinato)nickel(II) as determined by x-ray diffraction and resonance Raman spectroscopy SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTER; LIGHT-ABSORPTION PROPERTIES; PI-PI-INTERACTIONS; EXCITATION PROFILES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; COPPER TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; NICKEL(II) PORPHYRINS AB The structure of (porphinato)nickel(II) [Ni(P)] has been determined by X-ray diffraction and inferred from a combination of single-crystal and solution resonance Raman measurements. The crystal structure reveals a planar porphyrin macrocycle with a pi-pi dimer packing configuration exhibiting a small lateral shift. This group S crystallographic packing arrangement has been suggested to give strong pi-pi interactions between the porphyrin rings on the basis of the small interplanar spacing (3.355 Angstrom) and lateral shift (1.528 Angstrom) between the porphine planes. Strong pi-pi interactions are usually associated with geometrically inequivalent structural parameters such as different metal-nitrogen bond distances, but this is not observed for Ni(P). The average nickel-nitrogen bond distance is 1.951 Angstrom, consistent with planar nickel porphyrins. The root-mean-square out-of-plane displacement from the mean plane of the macrocyclic atoms is 0.019 Angstrom, consonant with the observed very slight ruffling of the macrocycle. A salient feature of the resonance Raman spectra of Ni(P) in solution is the apparent sidebands of some structure-sensitive lines. This observation was interpreted previously as resulting from an equilibrium between planar and nonplanar conformers in solution. However, the similarities of the resonance Raman spectra of Ni(P) in the single crystal and in solution suggest that Ni(P) exists only in the planar conformation. This conclusion is corroborated by solution resonance Raman spectra of the four-coordinate (porphinato)copper(II) and (porphinato)cobalt(II), which are more likely than Ni(P) to be planar because of their larger central metals, yet they also show the sidebands of the same structure-sensitive lines. Crystal data: [C20H12N4]Ni; a = 10.1066(7) Angstrom, b = 11.945(9) Angstrom, c = 12.229(2) Angstrom, beta = 101.56(3)degrees, Z = 4, V = 1446.4(11) Angstrom(3), space group P2(1)/c; 3084 unique observed data; refinement converged to final values of R(1) = 0.039, wR(2) = 0.090; all measurements at 127(2) K. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT FUEL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X NR 97 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3559 EP 3567 DI 10.1021/ic960157l PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA UP867 UT WOS:A1996UP86700021 ER PT J AU Chisholm, MH Christou, G Folting, K Huffman, JC James, CA Samuels, JA Wesemann, JL Woodruff, WH AF Chisholm, MH Christou, G Folting, K Huffman, JC James, CA Samuels, JA Wesemann, JL Woodruff, WH TI Solution studies of Ru-2(O(2)CR)(4)(n)+ complexes (n=0, 1; O(2)CR=octanoate, crotonate, dimethylacrylate, benzoate, p-toluate) and solid-state structures of Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2), [Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2)](+)[BF4](-), and Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(CH3CN)(2): Investigations of the axial ligation of the Ru-2 core SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTON MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ELECTRON-SPIN RESONANCE; W QUADRUPLE BONDS; RH-RH BOND; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; 2-HYDROXYPYRIDINATE COMPLEXES; RU2(CARBOXYLATE)4+ COMPLEXES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; TRIPLE BONDS AB Ru-2(O2C(CH2)(6)CH3)(4) (1a) is soluble in both coordinating (THF, CH3OH, CH3CN) and noncoordinating solvents (benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, CH2Cl2), allowing its solution properties to be investigated by H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, UV/visible spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. In noncoordinating solvents, la exists as an oligomer, presumably by way of axial intermolecular -(--[Ru-2]--O--)(n)- interactions. H-1 NMR studies of 1a and [Ru-2(O2C(CH2)(6)CH3)(4)](+)[X](-)([1a](+)[X](-)) where X = Cl, BF4, or O2C(CH2)(6)CH3, indicate that both dipolar and contact mechanisms contribute to the paramagnetic shifts of the protons. Resonances for axial and equatorial ligands are shifted upfield and downfield, respectively, by a dipolar mechanism. Aromatic ligands in the axial sites, e.g. pyridine and pyrazine, experience an enhanced upfield shift by direct pi-delocalization. Comparison of the H-1 NMR signals for M(2)(O(2)CR)(4) compounds where M = Ru and O(2)CR = benzoate, toluate, butyrate, crotonate, and dimethylacrylate with those where M = Mo indicates that the equatorial carboxylate ligands in the diruthenium species also experience pi-contact shifts. Variable-temperature studies and calculated estimates of dipolar shifts (using structural parameters taken from solid-state structures) indicate a significant zero-field splitting contribution to the dipolar shift. The arrangements of the toluate rings in Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2), Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(CH3CN)(2), and [Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2)](+)[BF4](-) deviate by 15(1), 2.3(2), and 7.3 degrees, respectively, from alignment with the Ru-Ru axis. The Ru-Ru distances for the two neutral and the cationic complexes are 2.27(1) Angstrom, i.e. not significantly affected by the nature of the axial ligand (THF versus CH3CN) or by charge n+ (n = 0, 1). The cell parameters for Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2) . 2THF at -154 degrees C are a = 10.730(5) Angstrom, b = 12.335(6) Angstrom, c = 9.193(4) Angstrom, alpha 105.15(2)degrees, beta = 109.35(2)degrees, gamma = 77.98(2)degrees, Z = 2 (asymmetric unit is RuC24H30O6), d(calcd) 1.559 g/cm(3), and space groug P (1) over bar. The cell parameters for Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(CH3CN)(2) . CH3CN at -169 degrees C are a = 27.058(3) Angstrom, b = 10.049(1) Angstrom, c = 17.956(2) Angstrom, beta = 120.89(1)degrees, Z = 4, d(calcd) = 1.465 g/cm(3), and space group C2/c. The cell parameters for [Ru-2(O2C-p-tolyl)(4)(THF)(2)](+)[BF4](-) at -172 degrees C are a = 13.056(4) Angstrom, b = 21.358(6) Angstrom, c = 9.199(2) Angstrom, beta = 111.28(1)degrees, Z = 2, d(calcd) = 1.350 g/cm(3), and space group C2/m. C1 INDIANA UNIV,CTR MOLEC STRUCT,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CST4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Chisholm, MH (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. RI Christou, George /A-3072-2014 NR 100 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3643 EP 3658 DI 10.1021/ic950860u PG 16 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA UP867 UT WOS:A1996UP86700032 ER PT J AU Elliott, CM Derr, DL Ferrere, S Newton, MD Liu, YP AF Elliott, CM Derr, DL Ferrere, S Newton, MD Liu, YP TI Donor/acceptor coupling in mixed-valent dinuclear iron polypyridyl complexes: Experimental and theoretical considerations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTERVALENCE CHARGE-TRANSFER; TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SIMULATIONS; RUTHENIUM; SPECTROSCOPY; ALGORITHM; BAND AB Coupling between donor and acceptor orbitals for optically-induced intervalence electron transfer processes has been considered for a series of rigid mixed-valent dinuclear tris(2,2'-bipyridine)iron complexes, Each of the four complexes considered contains three saturated bridges which link the two tris(2,2'-bipyridine)iron moieties. The bridging linkages are -CH2CH2- -CH2CH2CH2-, -CH2OCH2-, and -CH2SCH2-. Despite differences in the composition of the bridges X-ray diffraction and/or molecular dynamics calculations show that the metal-metal separation and relative bipyridine orientations among all four complexes are nearly identical. Consequently, the only factor which differs significantly among these complexes and which might affect the donor-acceptor coupling in the mixed-valent forms is their connectivity. These complexes thus provide a unique opportunity to focus on potential superexchange coupling in the absence of ambiguities introduced by other structural and energetic considerations. Theories developed by Mulliken and Hush have been applied to intervalence charge-transfer transitions in order to obtain values of the coupling matrix elements, H-12. Configuration interaction calculations were also carried out for each of the [Fe-2(L)(3)](5+) complexes to provide theoretical values of H-12 and the effective donor/acceptor separation distances (r(DA)) Experimental and theoretical results for H-12 are in excellent agreement and indicate that the bridging moieties are either unimportant in the donor/acceptor coupling or, in one case, actually reduce the coupling compared to the ''bridge-free'' system. The calculated r(DA) values are within 0.01 Angstrom of the Fe-Fe distances. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Elliott, CM (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 22 BP 5221 EP 5228 DI 10.1021/ja954297q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UP538 UT WOS:A1996UP53800008 ER PT J AU Wu, HB Desai, SR Wang, LS AF Wu, HB Desai, SR Wang, LS TI Observation and photoelectron spectroscopic study of novel mono- and diiron oxide molecules: FeOy- (y=1-4) and Fe2Oy- (y=1-5) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIOXYGEN COMPLEXES; ELECTRONIC STATES; FERRITIN CORE; CLUSTER IONS; IRON; MODELS; COBALT; FE-2 AB We study novel iron oxide molecules involving one and two iron atoms by anion photoelectron spectroscopy at 3.49 and 4.66 eV photon energies. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra and low-lying excited states are obtained for FeOy- (y = 1-4) and Fe2Oy- (y = 1-5). In both series, the photoelectron spectra became particularly sharp and better resolved for the higher oxides, FeO3-, FeO4-, Fe2O4-, and Fe2O5-. The electron affinity of the neutral oxide molecules is observed to increase with the number of oxygen atoms, suggesting a sequential oxidation behavior. For the monoiron oxide series, an oxidation saturation is observed as evidenced by the leveling-off of the electron affinity from FeO3 to FeO4. The structures and chemical bonding of these oxide molecules are discussed based on the sequential oxidation behavior. Isomers involving possibly O-2 or O-3 complexes are also observed for the diiron oxides above Fe2O. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 44 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 22 BP 5296 EP 5301 DI 10.1021/ja954153b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UP538 UT WOS:A1996UP53800019 ER PT J AU Lin, SY Hietala, VM Lyo, SK Zaslavsky, A AF Lin, SY Hietala, VM Lyo, SK Zaslavsky, A TI Photonic band gap quantum well and quantum box structures: A high-Q resonant cavity SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have tested a series of high-Q photonic band gap (PEG) resonant cavities in the mm-wave regime and achieved a cavity-Q of 2.3 x 10(4), the highest value reported among all two- and three-dimensional PEG cavities. We have also systematically varied the size and reflectivity of such cavities to study their effect on cavity properties such as cavity modal frequency, linewidth, and cavity Q value. We show that the resonant frequencies can be tuned throughout the PEG regime and that linewidths (or equivalently Q value) can be varied over two orders of magnitude (i.e., a Q value from similar to 2.7 x 10(2) to 2.3 x 10(4)). (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP Lin, SY (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Zaslavsky, Alexander/F-6232-2012 NR 13 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 23 BP 3233 EP 3235 DI 10.1063/1.116558 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN635 UT WOS:A1996UN63500008 ER PT J AU Howard, AJ Blum, O Chui, H Baca, AG Crawford, MH AF Howard, AJ Blum, O Chui, H Baca, AG Crawford, MH TI Epitaxial layer thickness measurement by cross-sectional atomic force microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB An epitaxial layer thickness measurement technique has been developed using cross-sectional atomic force microscopy (XSAFM). Cleaved and etched epitaxial heterostructures of Al0.5Ga0.5As/GaAs have been analyzed using this technique. XSAFM analysis of a 20.5 period structure of 300-Angstrom-thick Al0.5Ga0.5As/GaAs layers agreed to within 2% of x-ray diffraction data. XSAFM analysis of a structure consisting of GaAs wells ranging from similar to 15 to 600 Angstrom with 300 Angstrom Al0.5Ga0.5As barriers was also performed. The XSAFM measured well thicknesses agreed quite well with photoluminescence (PL) measurements taken at 4 K. XSAFM can thus serve as a rapid alternative to conventional thickness measurement techniques such as SEM and TEM. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 23 BP 3353 EP 3355 DI 10.1063/1.116055 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN635 UT WOS:A1996UN63500048 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takabashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliver, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takabashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Search for chargino-neutralino production in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GRAND UNIFICATION; FERMILAB TEVATRON; SUPERSYMMETRY; SUPERGRAVITY; ELECTROWEAK; BREAKING; PHYSICS; GUTS; LEP AB We have searched for chargino-neutralino production (<(chi)over tilde>(1)+/-<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2)) in 1.8 TeV collisions, followed by their leptonic decays <(chi)over tilde>(0)(1)l(+/-)nu and <(chi)over tilde>(0)(2)--><(chi)over tilde>(0)(1)l(+)l(-). These trilepton events are expected within a framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). In a 19.1 pg(-1) data sample collected with a Collider Detector at Fermilab, no trilepton events were observed. Upper limits on sigma(p (p) over bar--><(chi)over tilde>(+/-)(1)<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2)). BR(<(chi)over tilde>(+/-)(1)<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2)-->3l+X) were obtained for various MSSM parameter space regions, yielding new 95% confidence level lower limits for the neutralino (<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2)) mass which extend as high as 49 GeV/c(2). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,SEZIONE PADOVA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 23 BP 4307 EP 4311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4307 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UN800 UT WOS:A1996UN80000004 ER PT J AU Gu, P Haas, P Hogan, WP Kim, SK Matthews, JN Myung, SS Schnetzer, S Thomson, GB Zou, Y Arisaka, K Roberts, D Slater, W Spencer, MB Weaver, M Briere, RA Cheu, E Harris, DA Krolak, P McFarland, KS Roodman, A Schwingenheuer, B Somalwar, SV Wah, YW Winstein, B Winston, R Barker, AR Swallow, EC Bock, GJ Coleman, R Crisler, M Enagonio, J Ford, R Hsiung, YB Jensen, DA ODell, VR Ramberg, E Tschirhart, R Collins, EM Gollin, GD Nakaya, T Yamanaka, T AF Gu, P Haas, P Hogan, WP Kim, SK Matthews, JN Myung, SS Schnetzer, S Thomson, GB Zou, Y Arisaka, K Roberts, D Slater, W Spencer, MB Weaver, M Briere, RA Cheu, E Harris, DA Krolak, P McFarland, KS Roodman, A Schwingenheuer, B Somalwar, SV Wah, YW Winstein, B Winston, R Barker, AR Swallow, EC Bock, GJ Coleman, R Crisler, M Enagonio, J Ford, R Hsiung, YB Jensen, DA ODell, VR Ramberg, E Tschirhart, R Collins, EM Gollin, GD Nakaya, T Yamanaka, T TI First evidence for the decay K-L->e(+)e(-)mu(+)mu(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRANCHING RATIO; TOP MASS; KL->MU+MU; MESONS AB We present the first evidence for the decay K-L-->e(+)e(-)mu(+)mu(-) based on the observation of one event with an estimated background of 0.067(-0.025)(+0.057) event. We determine the branching ratio to be B(K-L-->e(+)e(-)mu(+)mu(-))=(2.9-(+6.7)(2.4)x10(-9). In addition, we set a 90% confidence upper limit on the combined branching ratio for the lepton flavor violating decays K-L-->e(-/+)e(-/+)mu(-/+)mu(-/+) to be B(K-L-->e(-/+)e(-/+)mu(+/-)mu(+/-)) < 6.1x10(-9) assuming a uniform phase space distribution. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. ELMHURST COLL,ELMHURST,IL 60126. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. OSAKA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015 OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 23 BP 4312 EP 4315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4312 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UN800 UT WOS:A1996UN80000005 ER PT J AU Wu, W Datz, S Jones, NL Krause, HF Rosner, B Sorge, KD Vane, CR AF Wu, W Datz, S Jones, NL Krause, HF Rosner, B Sorge, KD Vane, CR TI Double ionization of He by fast protons at large energy transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; MULTIPLE IONIZATION; SINGLE IONIZATION; HELIUM; NE; IONS; ANTIPROTONS; ELECTRONS; IMPACT; PHOTON AB The ratio R(Delta E) of double to single ionization of He by fast proton impact has been measured as a function of energy transfer (Delta E). While R(Delta\E) is observed to be nearly independent of proton energy (1-6 MeV) within experimental error, it decreases with increasing energy transfer, from 2% at Delta E = 1 keV to below 1% at Delta E = 10 keV. Further comparisons of these ratios with those obtained from photoionzation and Compton scattering are made. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. HASTINGS COLL LAW,HASTINGS,NE 68901. RP Wu, W (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 23 BP 4324 EP 4327 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4324 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UN800 UT WOS:A1996UN80000008 ER PT J AU Tolbert, SH Herhold, AB Brus, LE Alivisatos, AP AF Tolbert, SH Herhold, AB Brus, LE Alivisatos, AP TI Pressure-induced structural transformations in Si nanocrystals: Surface and shape effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; SILICON; GE; STABILITY; CDS AB The kinetics of solid-solid phase transitions are explored using pressure-induced structural transformations in Si nanocrystals. In agreement with the predictions of homogeneous deformation theories, large elevations in phase transition pressure are observed in nanocrystals as compared to bulk Si, and high pressure x-ray diffraction peak widths indicate an overall change in nanocrystal shape upon transformation. In addition, unlike the BC8 phase recovered in bulk Si, amorphous Si nanoclusters are obtained upon release of pressure, providing an example of kinetic size control over solid phases. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP Tolbert, SH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; Tolbert, Sarah/L-2321-2016 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; NR 43 TC 162 Z9 163 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 23 BP 4384 EP 4387 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4384 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UN800 UT WOS:A1996UN80000023 ER PT J AU Lewis, HR Bates, JW Finn, JM AF Lewis, HR Bates, JW Finn, JM TI Time-dependent perturbation theory for the construction of invariants of Hamiltonian systems SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE perturbation theory; Hamiltonian systems; invariants; Mathieu equation AB A time-dependent perturbation theory is presented for iteratively constructing invariants for a Hamiltonian consisting of a time-independent zeroth-order term plus a time-dependent perturbation. The procedure involves only a single canonical transformation and small divisors can be avoided. The Mathieu equation is treated as an example. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Lewis, HR (reprint author), DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 215 IS 3-4 BP 160 EP 166 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(96)00221-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UU712 UT WOS:A1996UU71200009 ER PT J AU Haw, JF Nicholas, JB Xu, T Beck, LW Ferguson, DB AF Haw, JF Nicholas, JB Xu, T Beck, LW Ferguson, DB TI Physical organic chemistry of solid acids: Lessons from in situ NMR and theoretical chemistry SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CHEMICAL-SHIFT CALCULATIONS; TERT-BUTYL CATION; ELECTRON CORRELATION; H-ZSM-5 ZEOLITE; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; ALLYL ALCOHOL; STATE; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERMEDIATE C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Haw, JF (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT CHEM, LAB MAGNET RESONANCE & MOL SCI, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. NR 71 TC 291 Z9 300 U1 6 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 29 IS 6 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1021/ar950105k PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UQ731 UT WOS:A1996UQ73100001 ER PT J AU Helliwell, M Helliwell, JR Cassetta, A Hanson, JC Ericsson, T Krick, A Kaucic, V Frampton, C AF Helliwell, M Helliwell, JR Cassetta, A Hanson, JC Ericsson, T Krick, A Kaucic, V Frampton, C TI Anomalous dispersion analyses of the Ni-atom site in an aluminophosphate test crystal including the use of tuned synchrotron radiation SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Data were collected close to the Ni K edge, using synchrotron radiation at the National Synchrotron Light Source, and using a Mo K alpha rotating anode, from a crystal of a nickel-containing aluminophosphate, NiAl3P4O18C4H21N4 (NiAPO). These data sets, along with an existing Cu K alpha rotating anode data set, allowed the calculation of several fl difference-Fourier maps exploiting the difference in f' for Ni between the various wavelengths. These differences are expected to be 7.8, 4.5 and 3.3 e for Mo K alpha data to SR (synchrotron radiation), Cu K alpha to SR and Mo K alpha to Cu K alpha respectively. The phases were calculated either excluding the Ni atom or with Al at the Ni-atom site. The f' difference-Fourier maps revealed peaks at the Ni-atom site, whose height and distance from the refined Ni-atom position depended on the f' difference and the phase set used. The largest peak was located at a distance of only 0.025 Angstrom from the refined Ni-atom site and was obtained from the f' difference map calculated with the coefficients \F-Mo K alpha-F-SR\, using phases calculated with Al at the Ni-atom site. In all cases, it was found that these phases gave optimal results without introducing bias into the maps. The results confirm and expand upon earlier results [Helliwell, Gallois, Kariuki, Kaucic: & Helliwell (1993), Acta Cryst. B49, 420-428]. The techniques described are generally applicable to other systems containing anomalous scatterers in chemical crystallography. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NATL INST CHEM,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. NATL UNIV LJUBJANA,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. ESRF,GRENOBLE,FRANCE. ROCHE PROD LTD,WELWYN GARDEN CIT AL7 3AY,HERTS,ENGLAND. RP Helliwell, M (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT CHEM,OXFORD RD,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; OI Helliwell, John Richard/0000-0002-0520-7540 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7681 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Commun. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 479 EP 486 DI 10.1107/S0108768195015096 PN 3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UU074 UT WOS:A1996UU07400013 ER PT J AU Geltmacher, AB Koss, DA Matic, P Stout, MG AF Geltmacher, AB Koss, DA Matic, P Stout, MG TI A modeling study of the effect of stress state on void linking during ductile fracture SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID POROUS PLASTIC SOLIDS; SHEAR LOCALIZATION; NOTCHED BARS; GROWTH; NUCLEATION; FAILURE; DEFORMATION; COALESCENCE; RUPTURE AB The deformation and fracture behavior of sheer specimens containing either pairs of ''pseudo''-random arrays of equi-sized holes has been examined in both uniaxial and equal-biaxial tension utilizing experiment as well as computer simulation. Our results show for this plane-stress situation that hole linking is always caused by flow localization within the ligaments between neighboring holes. The imposed strains to initiate flow localization and subsequent ligament failure are sensitive to stress state (uniaxial versus biaxial) and the location of the neighboring hole(s). A significant observation is the influence of stress state on the multidirectionality of hole linking paths: specifically, increasing the biaxial component of the stress state increases the number of holes that can participate in a hole-linking process. A related implication is that the strain range over which void linking occurs decreases with increasing triaxiality of the stress state; in effect, after the initiation of void linking, its propagation is accelerated under biaxial or triaxial tension. C1 PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT MET SCI & ENGN, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 6382, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2201 EP 2210 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00366-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UM676 UT WOS:A1996UM67600002 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH AF Hsueh, CH TI Crack-wake interfacial debonding criteria for fiber-reinforced ceramic composites SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID PULL-OUT STRESSES; BRITTLE-MATRIX COMPOSITES; PUSHOUT TESTS; ROUGHNESS AB The condition for progressive debonding with friction along the debonded interface is considered for the bridging fiber in the crack-wake of fiber-reinforced ceramic composites. The energy-based criterion is adopted in the present study to analyze the debond length, the crack-opening displacement, and the displacement of the composite due to interfacial debonding. The results are identical to the previous results obtained from a simple approach, in which interfacial debonding is assumed to occur when the mismatch in the axial strain between the fiber and the matrix reaches a critical value, Furthermore, the mismatch-strain criterion is found to bear the same physical meaning as the strength-based criterion. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 24 TC 44 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2211 EP 2216 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00369-X PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UM676 UT WOS:A1996UM67600003 ER PT J AU Wiederrecht, GP Yoon, BA Wasielewski, MR AF Wiederrecht, GP Yoon, BA Wasielewski, MR TI Photorefractive liquid crystals SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYMER AB Research News: Liquid crystals are the latest type of photorefractive materials to be discovered, Initially considered a limitation, photorefractivity can be utilized for information storage and optical signal processing applications. Recent progress in photorefractive liquid crystals is reviewed, including the maximization of intermolecular charge generation using various chromophores such as that in the Figure. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP Wiederrecht, GP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 6 BP 535 EP & DI 10.1002/adma.19960080619 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA UX586 UT WOS:A1996UX58600018 ER PT J AU Axler, K AF Axler, K TI Tantalum-base composite solves corrosion problem SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article RP Axler, K (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NUCL MAT TECHNOL,MAIL STOP E-506,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 0026-0665 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 149 IS 6 BP 63 EP 64 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UR533 UT WOS:A1996UR53300006 ER PT J AU Frost, B AF Frost, B TI A history of materials R&D at Argonne SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT News Item RP Frost, B (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 0026-0665 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 149 IS 6 BP 81 EP & PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UR533 UT WOS:A1996UR53300039 ER PT J AU Fenner, R AF Fenner, R TI Construction and commissioning of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT News Item RP Fenner, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,OFF DIRECTOR,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 0026-0665 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 149 IS 6 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UR533 UT WOS:A1996UR53300040 ER PT J AU Louck, JD AF Louck, JD TI MacMahon's master theorem, double tableau polynomials, and representations of groups SO ADVANCES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID TENSOR OPERATORS; UNITARY GROUPS AB It is shown that MacMahon's master theorem gives the diagonal elements of a class of irreducible representations of the general linear group, Gl(n, C), and hence the trace of these representations, or the group characters. These representations are unitary under restriction to the unitary subgroup and constitute the so-called totally symmetric representations. A generalization of MacMahon's master theorem that generates the elements of the representation matrix themselves is given. These relations for groups are, in fact, more general in that they apply to arbitrary matrices of indeterminates. These results are proved by using the properties of a class of Young-Weyl tableau polynomials defined over n(2) indeterminates. For n = 2, two sets of basic polynomials are defined in terms of Young-Weyl tableaux. The first set corresponds to the unitary irreducible representations of U(2), as defined in the physics literature and whose properties comprise a substantive part of what is known as the quantum theory of angular momentum; the second set is Rota's double standard tableau polynomials. These two sets of polynomials span the same space, and a comprehensive set of relations between them is given. A further generalization of MacMahon's master theorem pertaining to the general polynomial representations of GL(n,C), as enumerated by partitions, is conjectured and is shown to contain the classical Schur function generating function as a special case. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Louck, JD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0196-8858 J9 ADV APPL MATH JI Adv. Appl. Math. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 2 BP 143 EP 168 DI 10.1006/aama.1996.0008 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA UP612 UT WOS:A1996UP61200003 ER PT J AU Rashidi, M Peurrung, L Tompson, AFB Kulp, TJ AF Rashidi, M Peurrung, L Tompson, AFB Kulp, TJ TI Experimental analysis of pore-scale flow and transport in porous media SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE transport; porous media; pore-scale flow; microscopic measurement; refractive index-matching; 3D imaging; velocimetry ID PRESSURE SATURATION RELATIONSHIPS; DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT; 2ND-ORDER APPROACH; IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; FLUID MOTION; PACKED-BEDS AB A novel, non-intrusive fluorescence imaging technique has been used to quantitatively measure the pore geometry, fluid velocity, and solute concentration within a saturated, three-dimensional porous medium. Discrete numerical averages of these quantities have been made over a representative volume of the medium and used to estimate macroscopic quantities that appear in conventional continuum models of flow and transport. The approach is meant to illustrate how microscopic information can be measured, averaged, and used to characterize medium-scale processes that are typically approximated constitutively. The experimental system consisted of a clear, cylindrical column packed with clear spherical beads and a refractive index-matched fluid seeded with fluorescent tracer particles and solute dye. By illuminating the fluid within the column with a scanning planar laser beam, details of flow and concentration within the pore spaces can be quantitatively observed, allowing for three-dimensional, time dependent information to be obtained at good resolution. In the current experiment, volumetrically averaged velocities and void-to-volume ratios are first compared with bulk measurements of fluid flux and medium porosity. Microscopic measurements of concentration are then used to construct cross-sectionally averaged profiles, mean breakthrough curves, and direct measurements of the dispersive flux, velocity variance, and concentration variance. In turn, the dispersive flux measurements are compared with mean concentration gradients to provide a basis for confirming the Fickian dispersion model and estimating dispersion coefficients for the medium. Coefficients determined in this manner are compared with others based upon traditional length-scale arguments, mean breakthrough analyses, and curve fits with numerical simulations. RP Rashidi, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM PROGRAMS DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 28 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 19 IS 3 BP 163 EP 180 DI 10.1016/0309-1708(95)00048-8 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA UB212 UT WOS:A1996UB21200004 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HD Paik, S Douglass, RW AF Nguyen, HD Paik, S Douglass, RW TI Convective transport about cylinder with surface reaction of arbitrary order SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LAMINAR-FLOW; CHANNEL AB Heat and mass transfer from a circular cylinder exposed to a convective environment with a surface reaction of arbitrary order is studied based on the stream function-vorticity formulation. A hybrid numerical scheme combining the Fourier spectral method in the angular direction and the spectral element method in the radial direction is used to solve the conservation equations along with an influence matrix technique to resolve the vorticity boundary conditions. Results showing the temporal evolution of the flow temperature and concentration fields are presented for cases with and without vortex shedding with the latter triggered by the cylinder's rotation. A parametric study is also performed to examine the influence of the Reynolds number, Grashof number, Prandtl number, Schmidt number, Damkohler number, the reaction order, the flow alignment, the heat of reaction, the rotational velocity and the flow pulsation on the effectiveness of the reaction surface. With the exception rotation, they all exhibit strong dependence. RP Nguyen, HD (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1514 EP 1524 DI 10.1002/aic.690420603 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UQ440 UT WOS:A1996UQ44000002 ER PT J AU Lee, HS Zhou, DD Jung, YH Wisniewski, J Sathaye, J AF Lee, HS Zhou, DD Jung, YH Wisniewski, J Sathaye, J TI Greenhouse gas emissions inventory and mitigation strategies for Asian and Pacific countries: Summary of workshop presentations and working group discussions SO AMBIO LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Regional Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and Mitigation Strategies for Asia and Pacific Countries CY SEP 25-28, 1995 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP US Country Studies Program AB The Regional Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory and Mitigation Strategies held 25-28 September 1995 in Seoul, Korea had the following objectives: (i) present preliminary results of inventory and mitigation assessment; (ii) discuss methodologies and data issues; (iii) facilitate exchange of knowledge among experts; and (iv) build consensus for efforts among Asian and Pacific countries. Seventy-two participants representing national governments, academic and research institutions, and nongovernmental organizations from 15 countries and international bodies attended the workshop. This paper summarizes workshop presentations and working group discussions on greenhouse gas inventories and the results of mitigation strategies in three areas: energy, forestry, and methane. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STATE PLANNING COMMISS,ENERGY RES INST,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Lee, HS (reprint author), KOREA ENERGY ECON INST,665-1 NAESON DONG,KYONGGI DO 437082,SOUTH KOREA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0044-7447 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD JUN PY 1996 VL 25 IS 4 BP 220 EP 228 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UZ304 UT WOS:A1996UZ30400002 ER PT J AU Intarapravich, D AF Intarapravich, D TI Assessing greenhouse gas mitigation options for the Thai power sector SO AMBIO LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Regional Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and Mitigation Strategies for Asia and Pacific Countries CY SEP 25-28, 1995 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP US Country Studies Program AB This article examines the potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation in the Thai power sector and evaluates the possibility of GHG reduction due to new government plans and policies for the power sector through the year 2030. First, electricity demand and supply are estimated for the base case or ''business-as-usual'' scenario by assuming that present patterns of electricity production and use continue in the future. The amount of fuel used for power generation and subsequent GHG emissons are calculated for the base case scenario. General mitigation options for reducing GHG emissions in the Thai power sector are evaluated. Mitigation options include reducing electricity use via energy efficiency and energy conservation; shifting to low-carbon fuels (e.g., coal to oil or natural gas); using nonfossil related energy sources (e.g., renewable energy); and using nuclear energy. This analysis shows that the government's new emissions standards for power plants and new policies regarding demand-side management (DSM), although they were not designed primarily for reducing CO2 emissions, could reduce CO2 emissions by as much as 12 million tons in 2010 and 26 million tons in 2030. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0044-7447 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD JUN PY 1996 VL 25 IS 4 BP 233 EP 239 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UZ304 UT WOS:A1996UZ30400004 ER PT J AU Sathaye, J Monahan, P Sanstad, A AF Sathaye, J Monahan, P Sanstad, A TI Costs of reducing carbon emissions from the energy sector: A comparison of China, India, and Brazil SO AMBIO LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Regional Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and Mitigation Strategies for Asia and Pacific Countries CY SEP 25-28, 1995 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP US Country Studies Program ID ABATEMENT AB China, India, and Brazil are three of the largest developing countries, Carbon emissions from the energy sector dominate total greenhouse gas emissions from China and India, and are becoming more significant in Brazil, We compare least-cost scenarios of carbon emissions from the energy sector for each country, Each scenario was developed using the same linear programming approach, In addition to the costs of providing energy services, we analyze the foreign exchange and capital investment required for alternative scenarios, The results indicate that energy efficiency improvements offer a cost-effective option for restraining emissions in each country, Because of Brazil's abundant natural resources, hydropower and biomass significantly add to the potential for restraining future CO2 emissions from electricity generation and transportation, Compared to the Current Trends scenario, imported natural gas can reduce emissions by 25% in China in 2020 and 32% in India in 2025, For India, importing natural gas is less costly than using domestic coal, Overcoming investment and foreign exchange constraints will hold the key to future emissions reductions; these appear manageable for China and Brazil, but not for India. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Sathaye, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,ENERGY ANAL PROGRAM,INT ENERGY STUDIES GRP,MS 90-4000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0044-7447 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD JUN PY 1996 VL 25 IS 4 BP 262 EP 266 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UZ304 UT WOS:A1996UZ30400009 ER PT J AU Robinett, RW AF Robinett, RW TI Quantum mechanical time-development operator for the uniformly accelerated particle SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We derive a useful expression for the time-development operator for quantum wave functions, exp(<-i(H)over cap t>/(h) over bar), for the case of a particle subject to a constant force. We apply it, in both position and momentum space, to construct wave packets that exhibit uniform acceleration. We use these results to generate quantum wave packets corresponding to the motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field in two different gauges, explicitly demonstrating the change in phase of the wave function under a gauge transformation. The more standard description of the time dependence of accelerating wave packets using the formalism of propagators is briefly reviewed in an Appendix for comparison. (C) 1996 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP Robinett, RW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 64 IS 6 BP 803 EP 808 DI 10.1119/1.18179 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA UP132 UT WOS:A1996UP13200028 ER PT J AU Seitz, JC Pasteris, JD Chou, IM AF Seitz, JC Pasteris, JD Chou, IM TI Raman spectroscopic characterization of gas mixtures .2. Quantitative composition and pressure determination of the CO2-CH4 system SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID O-H-N; FLUID INCLUSIONS; MICROPROBE SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY; MICROTHERMOMETRY; SCATTERING; METHANE; CH4 AB Raman spectral parameters were determined for the nu(1) band of CH4 and the nu(1) and 2 nu(2) bands (Fermi diad) of CO2 in pure CO2 and CO2-CH4 mixtures at pressures up to 700 bars and room temperature, Peak position, area, height, and width were investigated as functions of pressure and composition, The peak positions of the CH4 and CO2 bands shift to lower relative wavenumbers as fluid pressure is increased, The peak position of the lower-wavenumber member of the Fermi diad for CO2 is sensitive to fluid composition, whereas the peak positions of the CH4 band and the upper Fermi diad member for CO2 are relatively insensitive in the CO2-CH4 system, The magnitude of the shifts in each of the three peak positions (as a function of pressure) is sufficient to be useful as a monitor of fluid pressure, The relative molar proportions in a CO2-CH4 mixture may be determined from the peak areas: the ratio of the peak areas of the CH4 band and the CO2 upper Fermi diad member is very sensitive to composition, whereas above about 100 bars, it is Insensitive to pressure, Likewise, the peak height ratio is very sensitive to composition but also to fluid pressure, The individual peak widths of CO2 and CH4, as well as the ratios of the widths of the CH4 peak to the CO2 peaks are a sensitive function of pressure and, to a lesser extent, composition, Thus, upon determination of fluid composition, the peak width ratios may be used as a monitor of fluid pressure, The application of these spectral parameters to a suite of natural CO2-CH4 inclusions has yielded internally-consistent, quantitative determinations of the fluid composition and density. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. US GEOL SURVEY,RESTON,VA 22092. RP Seitz, JC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 4500S,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 46 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 14 PU KLINE GEOLOGY LABORATORY PI NEW HAVEN PA YALE UNIV, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520 SN 0002-9599 J9 AM J SCI JI Am. J. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 296 IS 6 BP 577 EP 600 PG 24 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UU522 UT WOS:A1996UU52200001 ER PT J AU Wuest, M Young, DT Thomsen, MF Barraclough, BL Singer, HJ Anderson, RR AF Wuest, M Young, DT Thomsen, MF Barraclough, BL Singer, HJ Anderson, RR TI Dispersive O+ conics observed in the plasma-sheet boundary layer with CRRES/LOMICS during a magnetic storm SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE-ATMOSPHERES HYDROSPHERES AND SPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERIC ION COMPOSITION; MASS-SPECTROMETER; IONOSPHERIC IONS; CYCLOTRON WAVES; LOBE BOUNDARY; MAGNETOTAIL; CRRES; BEAMS; DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCELERATION AB We present initial results from the Low-energy magnetospheric ion composition sensor (LOMICS) on the Combined release and radiation effects satellite (CRRES) together with electron, magnetic field, and electric field wave data. LOMICS measures all important magnetospheric ion species (H+, He++, He+, O++, O+) simultaneously in the energy range 60 eV to 45 keV, as well as their pitch-angle distributions, within the time resolution afforded by the spacecraft spin period of 30 s. During the geomagnetic storm of 9 July 1991, over a period of 42 min (0734 UT to 0816 UT) the LOMICS ion mass spectrometer observed an apparent O+ conic flowing away from the southern hemisphere with a bulk velocity that decreased exponentially with time from 300 km/s to 50 km/s, while its temperature also decreased exponentially from 700 to 5 eV. At the onset of the O+ conic, intense low-frequency electromagnetic wave activity and strong pitch-angle scattering were also observed. At the time of the observations the CRRES spacecraft was inbound at L approximate to 7.5 near dusk, magnetic local time (MLT), and at a magnetic latitude of -23 degrees. Our analysis using several CRRES instruments suggests that the spacecraft was skimming along the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) when the upward-flowing ion conic arrived. The conic appears to have evolved in time, both slowing and cooling, due to wave-particle interactions. We are unable to conclude whether the conic was causally associated with spatial structures of the PSBL or the central plasma sheet. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP SST 7,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. RP Wuest, M (reprint author), SW RES INST,DEPT SPACE SCI,6220 CULEBRA RD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78228, USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS JI Ann. Geophys.-Atmos. Hydrospheres Space Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 593 EP 607 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT714 UT WOS:A1996UT71400003 ER PT J AU Stoner, DL Browning, CK Bulmer, DK Ward, TE MacDonell, MT AF Stoner, DL Browning, CK Bulmer, DK Ward, TE MacDonell, MT TI Direct 5S rRNA assay for monitoring mixed-culture bioprocesses SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; ACIDOPHILIC HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS; MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS; MINE; IDENTIFICATION; ENUMERATION; COMMUNITY; GROWTH AB This study demonstrates the efficacy of a direct 5S rRNA assay for the characterization of mixed microbial populations by using as an example the bacteria associated with acidic mining environments, The direct 5S rRNA assay described herein represents a nonselective, direct molecular method for monitoring and characterizing the predominant, metabolically active members of a microbial population, The foundation of the assay is high-resolution denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), which is used to separate 5S rRNA species extracted from collected biomass. Separation is based on the unique migration behavior of each 5S rRNA species during electrophoresis in denaturing gradient gels, With mixtures of RNA extracted from laboratory cultures, the upper practical limit for detection in the current experimental system has been estimated to be greater than 15 different species. With this method, the resolution was demonstrated to be effective at least to the species level. The strength of this approach was demonstrated by the ability to discriminate between Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 19859 and Thiobacillus thiooxidans ATCC 8085, two very closely related species, Migration patterns for the 5S rRNA from members of the genus Thiobacillus were readily distinguishable from those of the genera Acidiphilium and Leptospirillum. In conclusion, the 5S rRNA assay represents a powerful method by which the structure of a microbial population within acidic environments can be assessed. C1 RANSOM HILL BIOSCI INC,RAMONA,CA 92065. RP Stoner, DL (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1969 EP 1976 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UP127 UT WOS:A1996UP12700018 PM 16535333 ER PT J AU Clark, TR Roberto, FF AF Clark, TR Roberto, FF TI Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b whole cell methane monooxygenase activity in a biphasic matrix SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FORMATE DEHYDROGENASE; MONO-OXYGENASES; ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; NORMAL-ALKENES; SUBSTRATE; SOLUBILIZATION; SPECIFICITIES; HYDROCARBONS; PURIFICATION AB Reconstituted whole-cell preparations of lyophilized Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b were used to demonstrate soluble methane monooxygenase activity in a two-phase (biphasic) matrix consisting of a buffered aqueous phase and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane), The rate of conversion of gaseous propylene to propylene oxide, a non-metabolized liquid, was used as the primary measure of enzyme activity. Appreciable soluble methane monooxygenase activity was detected when the volume of the aqueous phase represented at least 1% of the total volume, although the initial rate of product formation did increase as the volume of the aqueous phase increased. In comparison to the aqueous system, the specific rate and yields in the biphasic system were much less sensitive to increases in the concentrations of formate and protein (the methane monooxygenase). However, there was some evidence that the enzyme system was more stable in the biphasic matrix, since the rate of propylene oxide formation remained linear for an extended period of time, V-(app.) in the biphasic system decreased by a factor of 0.6 relative to the same parameter in the aqueous system. Conversely, K-m(app.) for propylene was 1.6 times greater in the biphasic system. Hence, the apparent catalytic efficiency in the aqueous system was four times that in the biphasic system, as indicated by a decrease in the corresponding ratios of V-(app.)to K-m(app.). C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,DEPT BIOTECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 45 IS 5 BP 658 EP 663 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UV891 UT WOS:A1996UV89100014 ER PT J AU Singh, JP Zhang, HS Yueh, FY Carney, KP AF Singh, JP Zhang, HS Yueh, FY Carney, KP TI Investigation of the effects of atmospheric conditions on the quantification of metal hydrides using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; hydride generation; metal hydrides; kinetic gas phase; discharge atmosphere ID EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS; ATOMIC-ABSORPTION; PLASMA EMISSION; SPECTROMETRY; SPARK; PRESSURE; BEAM AB A study was performed to evaluate the performance characteristics of a laser-induced plasma for real-time determination of various gas-phase metal hydrides, specifically Sn and As. The choice of carrier gas composition and the effect of the pressure on the temporal emission behavior of neutral atoms excited by the laser-induced plasma were investigated, Metal hydrides were generated by using a NaBH4-based hydride generation system, The hydrides were equilibrated into an evacuated cell and isolated from the generator prior to measurement, Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIES) spectra of Sn and As were recorded in He and N-2 atmospheres at 300 and 760 Torr. The temporal behavior of the LIES signal was most affected by gas composition, gas pressure, and intensity of the laser beam, The Sn neutral atom emission (284.0 nm) in a N-2 atmosphere decreased exponentially with time. In contrast, with a He atmosphere and identical experimental conditions, the Sn signal increased logarithmically with time over the first 100 s, Then the signal maintained a steady-state value until approximately 400 s, after which it decreased exponentially, The steady-state time depends on the concentration of metal hydride. The variation of the LIBS signal with time was mirrored for the As neutral atom emission in He and N-2 atmospheres. Various experiments have been performed to find the possible reason for the signal variation with time. It was found that chemical reactions in the laser plasma that might deplete the metal from the gas volume were responsible for the decrease in the signal with time. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83403. RP Singh, JP (reprint author), MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DIAGNOST INSTRUMENTAT & ANAL LAB,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 6 BP 764 EP 773 DI 10.1366/0003702963905619 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA UT215 UT WOS:A1996UT21500011 ER PT J AU Yonker, CR Wallen, SL AF Yonker, CR Wallen, SL TI High-pressure on-line photolysis with NMR detection SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE high-pressure NMR; on-line photolysis; fiber optic ID PHOTOCHROMIC HETEROCYCLIC FULGIDES; DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED REACTIONS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; ACTINOMETER; ANHYDRIDE; LASER AB The investigation of the photoreversible fulgide Aberchrome-540 as a function of pressure and temperature with the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection is described, This technique demonstrates the novel combination of high-pressure NMR and laser photolysis with the use of fiber optics for the conversion of the fulgide on-line in the instrument. Investigation of the photolysis of Aberchrome-540 to 2.0 kbar and 120 degrees C is reported, Extension of this technique should allow the investigation of photoinitiated reaction kinetics and equilibria as a function of pressure and temperature with simultaneous structure characterization by NMR. RP Yonker, CR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM & ENERGY SCI DIV,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 6 BP 781 EP 784 DI 10.1366/0003702963905664 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA UT215 UT WOS:A1996UT21500013 ER PT J AU Barker, SA Johnson, SG Knighton, GC Sayer, MT Candee, BM Dimick, VD AF Barker, SA Johnson, SG Knighton, GC Sayer, MT Candee, BM Dimick, VD TI Atomic absorption spectrometer modified for elemental determinations in a radiological environment SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE atomic absorption spectrometry; remote analysis; elemental determinations C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ANALYT LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83403. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 6 BP 816 EP 819 DI 10.1366/0003702963905673 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA UT215 UT WOS:A1996UT21500019 ER PT J AU Jung, DR Czanderna, AW AF Jung, DR Czanderna, AW TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of Cr/COOCH3 interfaces on self-assembled monolayers of 16-mercaptohexadecanoate SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CHROMIUM FILMS; THIN-FILMS; CR(110) AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to identify the interactions at a metal/organic interface formed by evaporation of Cr overlayers on the methyl ester groups at the surface of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 16-mercaptohexadecanoate [HS(CH2)(15)COOCH3] on gold. The high reactivity of Cr with COOCH3 groups promotes the growth of a relatively smooth Cr layer on top of the SAM. The Cr-COOCH3 interaction forms a dominant species for Cr/end group ratios less than 1, which is similar to that formed in the Cr-COOH interaction on a SAM, but an additional species corresponding to a O Is component at a higher binding energy is also formed that is not understood. For higher Cr coverages, a Cr(III) oxide is formed by dissociation of oxygen primarily from the SAM end groups. Adsorption of oxygen-containing species from the UHV ambient was found to have little effect on the results for less than 0.6 nm Cr coverage. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,MEASUREMENT & CHARACTERIZAT BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 99 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(95)00606-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA UV527 UT WOS:A1996UV52700010 ER PT J AU Campos, H Arnold, KS Balestra, ME Innerarity, TL Krauss, RM AF Campos, H Arnold, KS Balestra, ME Innerarity, TL Krauss, RM TI Differences in receptor binding of LDL subfractions SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LDL subclasses; LDL size; apoE; LDL receptor; cholesterol ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; SUBCLASS PATTERNS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; CULTURED-CELLS; PARTICLE-SIZE; CHOLESTEROL; RISK; FIBROBLASTS; HETEROGENEITY AB Differences in low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-binding affinity among LDL particles of different size were examined in competitive binding assays in human skin fibroblasts and LDL (d = 1.020 to 1.050 g/mL) from subjects with a predominance of large (greater than or equal to 272 Angstrom), medium (259 to 271 Angstrom), and small (less than or equal to 257 Angstrom) LDL. Among 57 normolipidemic subjects with LDL cholesterol (-C) levels <160 mg/dL, binding affinity was reduced by 16% in those with predominantly large LDL and by 14% in those with small LDL compared with most subjects who had a predominance of medium-size LDL and in all LDL size subgroups in 66 subjects with LDL-C greater than or equal to 160 mg/dL. Differences in LDL receptor-binding affinity were further 1.032 g/mL; II, d = 1.032 to 1.038 g/mL; and III, d = 1.038 to 1.050 g/mL) from three subjects with predominantly large (pattern A) and small (pattern B) LDL particles. The binding affinity (K-d) of LDL-II was similar for patterns A and B (9.2+/-1.4 and 9.4+/-0.7, respectively) and 30% lower in LDL-II from both groups (P<.05). The binding affinity of LDL-I in pattern A (12.6+/-1.5 mu g/mg) was lower (P<0.5) than that in LDL-II and LDL-I from pattern B (8.0+/-2.4 mu g/mg). After incubation with a monoclonal antibody that specifically blocked the LDL receptor-binding domain of apoE, LDL-I from two pattern B subjects showed substantially lower binding affinity (K-d=20.0 and 19.2 mu g/mg) than in pattern A (K-d=13.2 and 14.2 mu g/mg), a result consistent with our finding of a higher apoE content in pattern B LDL-I (P<.001). Thus, factors associated with variations in particle size and apoE content in LDL subclasses in normolipidemic subjects contribute to the differences in LDL receptor binding that may results in differing metabolic behavior in vivo. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DEPT MOLEC & NUCL MED,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,GLADSTONE INST CARDIOVASC DIS,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94141. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574] NR 41 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 16 IS 6 BP 794 EP 801 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UQ196 UT WOS:A1996UQ19600011 PM 8640407 ER PT J AU Meyers, S Mills, E Chen, A Demsetz, L AF Meyers, S Mills, E Chen, A Demsetz, L TI Building data visualization for diagnostics SO ASHRAE JOURNAL-AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS LA English DT Article RP Meyers, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR BLDG SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEAT REFRIG AIR- CONDITIONING ENG INC PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J.-Am. Soc. Heat Refrig. Air-Cond. Eng. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 38 IS 6 BP 63 EP & PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA UQ757 UT WOS:A1996UQ75700018 ER PT J AU Szomoru, A vanGorkom, JH Gregg, MD AF Szomoru, A vanGorkom, JH Gregg, MD TI An H I survey of the Bootes void .1. The data SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EMISSION-LINE GALAXIES; IRAS GALAXIES; SKY SURVEY; MORPHOLOGY; PHOTOMETRY; STANDARDS; DIRECTION; REDSHIFT; CLUSTERS; SPECTRA AB We present the results of a neutral hydrogen survey of the Bootes void carried out with the VLA(2) [Napier et al., Proc. Inst. Electron. Electric. Eng. 71, 1295 (1983)] in D array. The survey covers similar to 1100 Mpc(3) about 1% of the volume of the void as defined by Kirshner et al., [ApJ, 314, 493 (1987)]. We observed 24 fields, centered on known void galaxies; 16 of these were detected in H I. Eighteen uncataloged companion galaxies were discovered directly in the H I line at distances of 45'' to 14.5' from the target galaxies. We also present the results of follow-up optical imaging observations and discovery of one additional Bootes void galaxy, found through spectroscopy of a number of apparent companions to known void members. Our angular resolution is similar to 1' (45 kpc)3, each field has a size of similar to 1 degrees (2.7 Mpc). The detected H I masses range from 8x10(8) to 1X10(10) M(circle dot). Typically our 2 sigma H I column density sensitivity is 2x10(19) cm(-2). The radio and optical data are analyzed and discussed in the following companion article (Paper II, Szomoru et al. 1996). (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 10027. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Szomoru, A (reprint author), KAPTEYN ASTRON INST,POB 800,NL-9700 AV GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 111 IS 6 BP 2141 EP & DI 10.1086/117950 PG 51 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN631 UT WOS:A1996UN63100002 ER PT J AU Szomoru, A vanGorkom, JH Gregg, MD Strauss, MA AF Szomoru, A vanGorkom, JH Gregg, MD Strauss, MA TI An H I survey of the Bootes void .2. The analysis SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EMISSION-LINE GALAXIES; IRAS GALAXIES; INFRARED GALAXIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; GLOBAL PARAMETERS; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; REDSHIFT SURVEY; COMPACT-GROUPS; VIRGO CLUSTER; SKY SURVEY AB We discuss the results of a VLA(2) [Napier et al., Proc. IEEE 71, 1295 (1983)] H I survey of the Bootes void and compare the distribution and H I properties of the void galaxies to those of galaxies found in a survey of regions of mean cosmic density. The Bootes survey covers 1100 Mpc(3), or similar to 1% of the volume of the void and consists of 24 cubes of typically 2 MpcX2 MpcX1280 km s(-1), centered on optically known galaxies. Sixteen targets were detected in H I; 18 previously uncataloged objects were discovered directly in H I. The control samples consists of 12 cubes centered on IRAS-selected galaxies with FIR luminosities similar to those of the Bootes targets and located in regions of one to two times the cosmic mean density. In addition to the 12 targets 29 companions were detected in H I. We find that the number of galaxies within 1 Mpc of the targets is the same to within a factor of 2 for void and control samples, and thus that the small scale clustering of galaxies is the same in regions that differ by a factor of similar to 6 in density an larger scales. A dynamical analysis of the galaxies in the void suggests that on scales of a few Mpc the galaxies are gravitationally bound, forming interacting galaxy pairs, loose pairs, and loose groups. One group is compact enough to qualify as a Hickson compact group (hereafter referred to as HCG [Hickson, APJ, 255, 382 (1952)]. The galaxies found in the void are mostly late-type, gas-rich systems. A careful scrutiny of their H I and optical properties shows them to be very similar to field galaxies of the same morphological type. This, combined with our finding that the small scale clustering of the galaxies in the voids is the same as in the field, suggests that it is the near environment that mostly affects the evolution of galaxies. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 10027. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. INST ADV STUDY,SCH NAT SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP Szomoru, A (reprint author), KAPTEYN ASTRON INST,POB 800,NL-9700 AV GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 82 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 111 IS 6 BP 2150 EP 2166 DI 10.1086/117951 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN631 UT WOS:A1996UN63100003 ER PT J AU Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Guern, J Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Reiss, D Rodgers, AW Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Welch, DL AF Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Guern, J Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Reiss, D Rodgers, AW Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Welch, DL TI Real-time detection and multisite observations of gravitational microlensing SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; gravitational lensing; stars, low-mass, brown dwarfs ID PLANETARY SYSTEMS; GALACTIC BULGE; STARS; HALO; PHOTOMETRY; OBJECTS; PROGRAM AB The MACHO collaboration is carrying out an extensive survey to detect gravitational microlensing. We have recently demonstrated the ability to detect candidate microlensing events in real time, often well before the peak amplification of the event. This has made possible the acquisition of spectra over the course of an event, the invariance of which has lent strong support to the microlensing interpretation. This paper reports on photometric data that were acquired from two sites, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory and Mount Stromlo, in response to the real time detection of a microlensing event. The superior photometry obtained from Chile and the complementary time coverage demonstrate the viability of mounting an aggressive campaign of microlensing follow-up observations. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV,WESTON,ACT 2611,AUSTRALIA. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92039. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. MCMASTER UNIV,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. RP Alcock, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Welch, Doug/0000-0002-2350-0898; Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985 NR 35 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 463 IS 2 BP L67 EP L70 DI 10.1086/310057 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UM946 UT WOS:A1996UM94600006 ER PT J AU Mauche, CW AF Mauche, CW TI Quasi-coherent oscillations in the extreme ultraviolet flux of the dwarf nova SS Cygni SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars, individual (SS Cygni); stars, magnetic fields; stars, novae, cataclysmic variables; stars, oscillations ID CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES AB Quasi-coherent oscillations have been detected in the extreme ultraviolet flux of the dwarf nova SS Cygni during observations with the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite of the rise and plateau phases of an anomalous outburst in 1993 August and a normal outburst in 1994 June/July. On both occasions, the oscillation turned on during the rise to outburst and persisted throughout the observation. During the 1993 outburst, the period of the oscillation fell from 9.3 s to 7.5 s over an interval of 4.4 days; during the 1994 outburst, the period fell from 8.9 s to 7.19 s (the shortest period ever observed in SS Cyg, or any other dwarf nova) within less than a day, and then rose to 8.0 s over an interval of 8.0 days. For both outbursts, the period P of the oscillation was observed to correlate with the 75-120 Angstrom count rate I-EUV according to P proportional to I-EUV(-0.094). A magnetospheric model is considered to reproduce this variation. It is found that an effective high-order multipole field is required, and that the field strength at the surface of the white dwarf is 0.1-1 MG. Such a field strength is at the lower extreme of those measured or inferred for bona fide magnetic cataclysmic variables. RP Mauche, CW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, L-41, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 463 IS 2 BP L87 EP L91 DI 10.1086/310070 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UM946 UT WOS:A1996UM94600011 ER PT J AU Teegarden, BJ Cline, TL Gehrels, N Palmer, D Ramaty, R Seifert, H Hurley, KH Landis, DA Madden, NW Malone, D Pehl, R Owens, A AF Teegarden, BJ Cline, TL Gehrels, N Palmer, D Ramaty, R Seifert, H Hurley, KH Landis, DA Madden, NW Malone, D Pehl, R Owens, A TI TGRS observation of the galactic center annihilation line SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, observations ID CENTER REGION; RADIATION AB The Transient Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (TGRS) experiment is a high-resolution germanium detector launched on the WIND satellite on 1994 November 1. Although primarily intended to study gamma-ray bursts and solar flares, TGRS also has the capability of studying slower transients (e.g., X-ray novae) and certain steady sources. We present here results on the narrow 511 keV annihilation line from the general direction of the Galactic center accumulated over the period 1995 January through 1995 October. These results were obtained from the TGRS occultation mode, in which a lead absorber occults the Galactic center region for 1/4 of each spacecraft rotation, thus chopping the 511 keV signal. The occulted region is a band in the sky of width 16 degrees that passes through the Galactic center. We detect the narrow annihilation line from the Galactic center with flux = (1.64 +/- 0.09) x 10(-3) photons cm(-2) s(-1). The data are consistent with a single point source at the Galactic center, but a distributed source of extent up to similar to 30 degrees cannot be ruled out. No evidence for temporal variability on timescales longer than 1 month was found. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LEICESTER LE1 7RII,LEICS,ENGLAND. RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 463 IS 2 BP L75 EP L78 DI 10.1086/310061 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UM946 UT WOS:A1996UM94600008 ER PT J AU Roth, E Feinendegen, LE AF Roth, E Feinendegen, LE TI Beneficial radiation? SO ATW-INTERNATIONALE ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KERNENERGIE LA German DT Article AB Ionizing radiation is harmful and may cause cancer, as is well known. However, again and again, low doses of ionizing radiation, under certain conditions, are said to have beneficial effects on human health and, in particular, may reduce the cancer rate. This effect, which is discussed controversially in the technical and scientific literature, is called ''hormesis''. Studies of possible positive effects of ionizing radiation are becoming increasingly more important in scientific research. The article is an attempt to show, by the model case of cancer, under what conditions such positive health effects can occur, at least in principle, and will also contain rough plausibility assessments of the existence of such conditions. Aspects not covered include other existing or presumed positive biological effects of ionizing radiation, such as acceleration of growth, or general increase in the life expectance of organisms. Also genetic damage will not be discussed in greater detail, despite the existence of some parallels with cancer,, both cases constituting lesions to the genetic material of th cells, in one case, germ cells and, in the case of cancer, somatic cells. Also acute radiation effects will be excluded which occur only at high radiation doses and, as such, always cause damage which, in therapeutic application to cancer, may again be lifesaving. It should be emphasized that the article is limited to a greatly restricted range of biological effects of ionizing radiation which, consequently, are limited value for overall assessment. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Roth, E (reprint author), RWE ENERGIE AG,KRAFTWERK MULHEIM KARLICH,POSTFACH 14 32,D-56210 MULHEIM KARLICH,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU VERLAGSGRP HANDELSBLATT GMBH PI DUSSELDORF PA POSTFACH 10 11 02, D-40002 DUSSELDORF, GERMANY SN 1431-5254 J9 ATW-INT Z KERNENERG JI ATW-Int. Zeit. Kernenerg. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 41 IS 6 BP 401 EP 405 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW938 UT WOS:A1996UW93800005 ER PT J AU Saffer, JD Phillips, JL AF Saffer, JD Phillips, JL TI Evaluating the biological aspects of in vitro studies in bioelectromagnetics SO BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE experimental design; in vitro studies; biological variability; technical variability; bioelectromagnetics ID NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; FREQUENCY ELECTRIC-FIELD; CELL-PROLIFERATION; NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION; C3H/10T1/2 CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LOW-AMPLITUDE; PHENOL RED AB In-vitro experiments are frequently used to examine the causal mechanisms for biological change induced by chemical and physical agents. In many studies, the hope is that in-vitro experiments will lead to knowledge of mechanisms that may occur in in-vivo systems, which in turn may or may not have implications for human health and development. Unfortunately, however, in-vitro studies defining the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures on biological systems have, in part, been characterized by intra- and inter-laboratory inconsistencies and by relatively small, rather than robust, effects. Debate about the significance of the reported observations has ensued, with the interdisciplinary nature of bioelectromagnetics being a major contributing factor in the difficulty of understanding the results. In-vitro studies in bioelectromagnetics require expertise in a variety of biological sciences as well as engineering and physical sciences. As a result, evaluating the results of these in-vitro studies is frequently difficult, especially for those lacking familiarity with the properties of dynamic biological systems, specific laboratory techniques or the appropriate biomedical literature. Hence the purpose of this paper is to provide a discussion of some of the sources of biological and technical variability in the context of classic biological studies as well as EMF-specific issues. Understanding the nature of experimental variability and the means to define that variability can provide a general framework allowing in-vitro EMF studies to be interpreted more easily and more correctly and permitting thoughtful consideration of apparently inconsistent results. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PETTIS MEM VA HOSP, RES SERV 151, LOMA LINDA, CA 92357 USA. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-4598 J9 BIOELECTROCH BIOENER JI Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0302-4598(96)01918-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UX070 UT WOS:A1996UX07000001 ER PT J AU Combs, GF Garbisu, C Yee, BC Yee, A Carlson, DE Smith, NR Magyarosy, AC Leighton, T Buchanan, BB AF Combs, GF Garbisu, C Yee, BC Yee, A Carlson, DE Smith, NR Magyarosy, AC Leighton, T Buchanan, BB TI Bioavailability of selenium accumulated by selenite-reducing bacteria SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE selenium; bacteria; bioavailability; chick; glutathione peroxidase AB The bioavailability of selenium (Se) was determined in bacterial strains that reduce selenite to red elemental Se (Se degrees). A laboratory strain of Bacillus subtilis and a bacterial rod isolated from soil in the vicinity of the Kesterson Reservoir, San Joaquin Valley, CA, (Microbacterium arborescens) were cultured in the presence of 1 mM sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). After harvest, the washed, lyophilized B. subtilis and M. arborescens samples contained 2.62 and 4.23% total Se, respectively, which was shown to consist, within error, entirely of Se degrees. These preparations were fed to chicks as supplements to a low-Se, vitamin E-free diet. Three experiments showed that the Se in both bacteria had bioavailabilities of approx 2% that of selenite. A fourth experiment revealed that gray Se degrees had a bioavailability of 2% of selenite, but that the bioavailability of red Se degrees depended on the way it was prepared (by reduction of selenite). When glutathione was the reductant, bioavailability resembled that of gray Se degrees and bacterial Se; when ascorbate was the reductant, bioavailability was twice that level (3-4%). These findings suggest that aerobic bacteria such as B. subtilis and M. arborescens may be useful for the bioremediation of Se-contaminated sites, i.e., by converting selenite to a form of Se with very low bioavailability. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PLANT BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. CALIF STATE UNIV HAYWARD, DEPT BIOL SCI, HAYWARD, CA 94542 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Combs, GF (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV, DIV NUTR SCI, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. RI Garbisu, Carlos/D-1942-2012; Garbisu, Carlos/G-1908-2014 OI Garbisu, Carlos/0000-0002-5577-6151; NR 23 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 16 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 EI 1559-0720 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 52 IS 3 BP 209 EP 225 DI 10.1007/BF02789163 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UV440 UT WOS:A1996UV44000001 PM 8811279 ER PT J AU Baker, EN Blundell, TL Vijayan, M Dodson, E Dodson, G Gilliland, GL Sussman, JL AF Baker, EN Blundell, TL Vijayan, M Dodson, E Dodson, G Gilliland, GL Sussman, JL TI Archival journal requirements for data deposition SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV LONDON BIRKBECK COLL,DEPT CRYSTALLOG,IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND,STRUCT MOLEC BIOL UNIT,LONDON,ENGLAND. INDIAN INST SCI,MOLEC BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. YORK UNIV,DEPT CHEM,YORK,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,PROT DATA BANK,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,PROT DATA BANK,UPTON,NY 11973. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT BIOL STRUCT,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP Baker, EN (reprint author), MASSEY UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,PALMERSTON NORTH,NEW ZEALAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 2994 EP 2994 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA UP428 UT WOS:A1996UP42800051 PM 8744337 ER PT J AU Zheng, YJ Ornstein, RL AF Zheng, YJ Ornstein, RL TI Molecular dynamics of subtilisin Carlsberg in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS; POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; LIQUID WATER; ENANTIOSELECTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTS; SPECIFICITY; SIMULATIONS; INHIBITOR; HYDRATION AB Crystal structures have recently appeared for the enzyme subtilisin Carlsberg in anhydrous acetonitrile and in water. To gain a mechanistic understanding of how the solvent environment affects protein structure and dynamics, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations on subtilisin Carlsberg in water and acetonitrile. We describe a 480 ps simulation of subtilisin in acetonitrile solution and a 450 ps simulation of subtilisin in water. Each simulation employed the all-atom AMBER force field. The calculated rms deviations, from their respective x-ray structures, were similar in each simulation, but similar to 0.5 Angstrom higher in the acetonitrile simulation. Only in the acetonitrile simulation does one helix undergo a reversible partial unwinding, which lasted for about 100 ps. The other, secondary structure elements remain intact or undergo modest fluctuations. In the aqueous simulation, the calculated and experimental temperature factors agree very well. In the acetonitrile simulation, however the calculated temperature factors are much higher than the experimental values. The larger rms deviation and thermal fluctuations noted in the acetonitrile simulation are consistent with the requirement for protein cross-linking in this crystal and a recent two-dimensional NH-exchange nmr study on horse heart cytochrome c in nonaqueous solution. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD JUN PY 1996 VL 38 IS 6 BP 791 EP 799 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(199606)38:6<791::AID-BIP10>3.0.CO;2-9 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UL382 UT WOS:A1996UL38200011 PM 21121013 ER PT J AU RuizMartinez, MC Carrilho, E Berka, J Kieleczawa, J Miller, AW Forest, F Carson, S Karger, BL AF RuizMartinez, MC Carrilho, E Berka, J Kieleczawa, J Miller, AW Forest, F Carson, S Karger, BL TI DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis using short oligonucleotide primer libraries SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HIGH-SPEED; POLYACRYLAMIDE; STABILITY; KINETICS; HEXAMERS AB Two strategies for DNA sequencing by primer walking using short oligonucleotide primer libraries have been successfully employed along with capillary electrophoresis using replaceable polymer solutions of linear polyacrylamide and fluorescence detection. A 3.5-kb stretch of the single-stranded M13mp18 template was sequenced with T7 PRISM(TM). An in-house base-calling program offered read lengths of roughly 450 bases with an average of 97.8% accuracy. C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BARNETT INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Carrilho, Emanuel/A-5845-2009; Foret, Frantisek/D-9495-2012 OI Carrilho, Emanuel/0000-0001-7351-8220; FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00023] NR 36 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JUN PY 1996 VL 20 IS 6 BP 1058 EP & PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UP432 UT WOS:A1996UP43200020 PM 8780876 ER PT J AU LeePrudhoe, JE Benton, MA Ward, C Hughes, J Stubbs, L Vermeire, S Connolly, N Watt, SM AF LeePrudhoe, JE Benton, MA Ward, C Hughes, J Stubbs, L Vermeire, S Connolly, N Watt, SM TI The genomic structure of murine CD33 reveals multiple exons in its cytoplasmic tail and several potential 5' regulatory elements SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 INST MOLEC MED,MRC,MOLEC HAEMATOL UNIT,OXFORD,ENGLAND. OAK RIDGE LABS,OAK RIDGE,TN. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 93 SU 2 BP 751 EP 751 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UP114 UT WOS:A1996UP11400751 ER PT J AU Phillips, TJ AF Phillips, TJ TI Documentation of the AMIP models on the World Wide Web SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Summ. documentation of the numerics, dynamics, and physics of models participating in the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project is now available on the Internet's World Wide Web. In this article the principal attributes of the electronic model documentation are described and instructions on how to access it are provided. RP Phillips, TJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAG & INTERCOMPARISON,L-264,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 7 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1191 EP 1196 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<1191:DOTAMO>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VC043 UT WOS:A1996VC04300003 ER PT J AU Zhang, TR Lay, T Schwartz, S Walter, WR AF Zhang, TR Lay, T Schwartz, S Walter, WR TI Variation of regional seismic discriminants with surface topographic roughness in the Western United States SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ATTENUATION; EXPLOSIONS; ARRAYS AB Regional distance P and S waves behave differently with propagation distance due to complex elastic and anelastic effects in the crustal wave guide and uppermost mantle. It is well recognized that seismological discriminants based on P/S ratios or individual phase spectral ratios must be corrected for regionally dependent path effects for successful discrimination to be achieved. Such corrections usually involve only distance-dependent decay, parameterized to account for geometric spreading and attenuation factors averaged over some geographic region. However, large scatter persists in distance-corrected discriminants, which degrades their performance, and strategies are needed to further reduce the scatter by accounting for individual path variability. We demonstrate that characterizing some of the path variability by the readily measured surface topographic roughness along each path allows reduction of the scatter in some regional discriminants. P-g/L(g) and P-n/L(g) ratios and P-g, P-n, and L(g) low-frequency/high-frequency spectral ratios for 80 earthquakes in the Western United States recorded at four stations of the Livermore NTS Network are analyzed for path effects. While all of these discriminants display distance dependence, log P-g/L(g) is also found to be significantly correlated with average surface roughness along each path. The correlation is emphasized when the product of distance and roughness is used as an independent variable, and the data in the frequency range 1 to 6 Hz have the strongest trends. Corrections based on the correlations with distance and roughness can reduce the variance of the log P-g/L(g) discriminant by 22 to 25% in the 2- to 4-Hz band. Log P-n/L(g) and individual phase spectral ratios have stronger distance dependence than log P-g/L(g), but the correlation with surface roughness is weak for those measurements. It appears that interchange of P-g and L(g) energy that reverberates in the crust accounts for the sensitivity to the gross wave-guide properties that are manifested in the surface roughness parameterization. The results support the concept of pursuing path corrections beyond purely range-dependent trends. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,WM KECK SEISMOL LAB,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Zhang, TR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,INST TECTON,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 86 IS 3 BP 714 EP 725 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UU952 UT WOS:A1996UU95200014 ER PT J AU Antolik, M Nadeau, RM Aster, RC McEvilly, TV AF Antolik, M Nadeau, RM Aster, RC McEvilly, TV TI Differential analysis of coda Q using similar microearthquakes in seismic gaps .2. Application to seismograms recorded by the Parkfield high resolution seismic network SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; EARTHQUAKE; ATTENUATION; FAULT; SCATTERING; DOUBLETS; WAVES; HYPOCENTERS; LOCATIONS AB Nearly two-thirds of the microseismicity occurring at Parkfield, California, consists of repeating clusters of closely located events exhibiting waveform cross-correlation values exceeding 0.95. This observation, coupled with a high probability for an M approximate to earthquake within the next decade (Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 1988), make this segment of the San Andreas fault system a prime location to search for temporal variations in coda Q associated with crustal changes that may occur during the earthquake cycle. The coda comparison analysis method described in Part 1 of this study (Aster et al., 1996) is applied to data from four borehole stations of the Parkfield High Resolution Seismic Network (HRSN) for the period January 1987 through February 1994. We examine 21 of the nearly 300 repeating clusters observed to date. The restriction of the data set to only the most highly similar sources is observed to be critical; small differences in the source process, even for event pairs with centroid locations within approximately 20 m, significantly increase the spurious noise level in the parameter estimates. Absolute 68% confidence bound estimates obtained on the repeatability of coda Q for all microearthquake pairs are +/- 10% for frequencies below 20 Hz. Tighter constraints are obtainable by reconstructing the temporal history of coda Q from the first difference measurements between microearthquake pairs. These functional reconstructions show that the mean value of coda Q has not varied by more than approximately 5% from 3 to 30 Hz at the 1 sigma level during the study period. However, other observables, such as an increased level of microseismicity, suggest that a preparatory stage for the next Parkfield earthquake has begun, indicating that coda Q is so far showing no sign of sensitivity to preparatory processes at Parkfield. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,SOCORRO,NM 87801. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,GEOPHYS RES CTR,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP Antolik, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SEISMOG STN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 51 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 86 IS 3 BP 890 EP 910 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UU952 UT WOS:A1996UU95200029 ER PT J AU Chazal, AC Krenz, JD Scott, DE AF Chazal, AC Krenz, JD Scott, DE TI Relationship of larval density and heterozygosity to growth and survival of juvenile marbled salamanders (Ambystoma opacum) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-LOCUS HETEROZYGOSITY; WHITE-TAILED DEER; MYTILUS-EDULIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL ENERGETICS; ALLOZYME HETEROZYGOSITY; ENZYME HETEROZYGOSITY; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; MULINIA-LATERALIS; GENETIC-VARIATION AB Intraspecific competition and enzyme variability have been observed to influence the bioenergetics of many organisms. In amphibians, larval growth affects body size at metamorphosis, which in turn can lead to differences in adult survival and fecundity. We manipulated larval density in a population of the marbled salamander, Ambystoma opacum, and measured body size and enzyme variability in surviving newly metamorphosed juveniles. Crowded larval conditions resulted in lower survival and smaller body sizes at metamorphosis. Multilocus heterozygosity showed no relation to body size at high larval densities; however, at low larval densities relatively homozygous animals were larger. There was a significant interaction between heterozygosity and larval density in their effects on larval traits. Competition had a greater effect on body size at metamorphosis than did heterozygosity. Survival may be enhanced by heterozygosity but in a manner unrelated to body size. C1 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1122 EP 1129 DI 10.1139/z96-124 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA UT056 UT WOS:A1996UT05600015 ER PT J AU Chou, D Miyashita, T Mohrenweiser, HW Ueki, K Kastury, K Druck, T vonDeimling, A Huebner, K Reed, JC Louis, DN AF Chou, D Miyashita, T Mohrenweiser, HW Ueki, K Kastury, K Druck, T vonDeimling, A Huebner, K Reed, JC Louis, DN TI The BAX gene maps to the glioma candidate region at 19q13.3, but is not altered in human gliomas SO CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19; HUMAN ASTROCYTOMAS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; LIBRARIES AB The box protein regulates apoptosis in a cellular pathway that involves both bcl-2 and p53, two molecules associated with human glioma tumorigenesis. We therefore evaluated the possibility that BAX functions as a glioma tumor suppressor gene. Somatic cell hybrid panels, fluorescence in situ hybridization and cosmid mapping localized the BAX gene to 19q13.3, approximately 300 kb centromeric to HRC. Thus BAX maps to the region of chromosome 19 most frequently deleted in gliomas. Routine and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis/Southern blotting studies, however, failed to reveal large-scale deletions or rearrangements of the BAX gene in gliomas, In addition, single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of all six BAX exons and flanking intronic sequences did not disclose mutations in 20 gliomas with allelic loss of the other copy of 19q. A C/T polymorphism was defected in intron 3 and was common in the general population. Therefore, although BAX maps to the glioma candidate region on the long arm of chromosome 19, BAX is probably not the 19q glioma tumor suppressor gene. C1 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,MOLEC NEUROONCOL LAB,NEUROSURG SERV,CHARLESTOWN,MA 02129. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,CHARLESTOWN,MA 02129. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA. LA JOLLA CANC RES FDN,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,JEFFERSON CANC INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. UNIV HOSP,INST NEUROPATHOL,BONN,GERMANY. RI von Deimling, Andreas/F-7774-2013 OI von Deimling, Andreas/0000-0002-5863-540X FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 51083, CA 57683, CA 60181] NR 28 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0165-4608 J9 CANCER GENET CYTOGEN JI Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 136 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0165-4608(95)00341-X PG 5 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity GA UR929 UT WOS:A1996UR92900007 PM 8640722 ER PT J AU Malfatti, MA Connors, MS Mauthe, RJ Felton, JS AF Malfatti, MA Connors, MS Mauthe, RJ Felton, JS TI The capability of rat colon tissue slices to metabolize the cooked-food carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LIVER MICROSOMES; MALE FISCHER-344 RATS; DNA ADDUCTS; MUTAGEN 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY; ACTIVATION; PHIP; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; INVIVO; INVITRO AB A major target tissue for carcinogenesis from the cooked-food carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenglimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in rodents is the colon, yet the role of colon metabolism on the carcinogenicity of PhIP is not clearly understood, The mutagenic potency of PhIP is highly dependent upon cytochrome P450 N-hydroxylation. In the present study, the ability of rat colon tissue to activate PhIP to a mutagen was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA98 and YG1024) and rat colon tissue slices, In the Ames/Salmonella assay, using rat colon S9 as the activating system, no mutations mere evident from bacteria exposed to PhIP at any concentration tested, However, mutations were observed when bacteria were exposed to 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) and colon S9, indicating sufficient P150 activity in the S9 to activate 2AA but not PhIP, In rat colon slice preparations, the sulfotransferase and acetyltransferase inhibitors pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP) were used to modulate DNA adduct and metabolite formation, Incubations of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced colon slices dosed with 50 mu m [H-3]PhIP produced no detectable metabolites, However, incubations of uninduced slices exposed to 10 mu M of the reactive intermediate, [H-3]2-(hydroxyamino)- 1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-hydroxy-PhIP), produced a single detectable metabolite, a glucuronide conjugate of N-hydroxy-PhIP, This metabolite decreased when PCP or DCNP was added to the incubation medium, DNA adducts were detected in colon slices exposed to N-hydroxy-PhIP at approximately 33 adducts/10(7) nucleotides, Interestingly, when PCP was added to the incubation mixture, an increase in DNA adduct levels was detected, whereas DCNP produced a decrease in adducts, Because these inhibitors are thought to have similar mechanisms with regard to sulfotransferase inhibition, the inverse relationship in DNA adduct levels due to PCP or DCNP treatment is at present unexplainable, The formation of DNA adducts and metabolites from colon slices exposed to N-hydroxy-PhIP but not PhIP implies that there is insufficient P450 activity in the rat colon to activate PhIP to hydroxylated metabolites, suggesting that the rat colon is a site of Phase II metabolism for PhIP and that the liver is the primary source for hydroxglation. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 45 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 56 IS 11 BP 2550 EP 2555 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA UN250 UT WOS:A1996UN25000022 PM 8653696 ER PT J AU Tonkovich, ALY Jimenez, DM Zilka, JL Roberts, GL AF Tonkovich, ALY Jimenez, DM Zilka, JL Roberts, GL TI Inorganic membrane reactors for the oxidative coupling of methane SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Chemical Research Engineering (ISCRE 14) - Chemical Reaction Engineering: From Fundamentals to Commercial Plants and Products CY MAY 05-08, 1996 CL BRUGGE, BELGIUM ID OXYGEN; SILVER AB Inorganic membrane reactors have been investigated for the oxidative coupling of methane to improve yields over those produced in a fixed-bed reactor. The membrane reactor produces small yield improvements using a samarium oxide doped magnesium oxide catalyst. The magnitude of the yield increase is less than reported values for other partial oxidation reactions. These differences are shown to be a function of the intrinsic reaction kinetics with the aid of an isothermal membrane reactor model. RP Tonkovich, ALY (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 51 IS 11 BP 3051 EP 3056 DI 10.1016/0009-2509(96)00196-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UM769 UT WOS:A1996UM76900087 ER PT J AU Somorjai, GA AF Somorjai, GA TI Modern surface science and surface technologies: An introduction SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LEED INTENSITY ANALYSIS; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; 100 CRYSTAL FACES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; COADSORBED BENZENE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; RECONSTRUCTION; RH(111); AU(100) C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MC1460,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 50 TC 209 Z9 212 U1 8 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2665 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1223 EP 1235 DI 10.1021/cr950234e PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UU361 UT WOS:A1996UU36100002 ER PT J AU Carpenter, JP Lukehart, CM Henderson, DO Mu, R Jones, BD Glosser, R Stock, SR Wittig, JE AF Carpenter, JP Lukehart, CM Henderson, DO Mu, R Jones, BD Glosser, R Stock, SR Wittig, JE TI Formation of crystalline germanium nanoclusters in a silica xerogel matrix from an organogermanium precursor SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SIO2 THIN-FILMS; GE MICROCRYSTALS; VISIBLE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTOR PARTICLES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; MOLECULES; STATE; GLASS AB Addition of the organogermanium compound, Me(3)GeS(CH2)(3)Si(OMe)(3), to a modified, conventional sol-gel formulation gives a silica xerogel doped with this molecular species. Subsequent thermal treatment of this molecularly doped xerogel under oxidizing then reducing conditions affords nanoclusters of Ge highly dispersed throughout the bulk of the xerogel matrix. Under appropriate conditions, Ge nanoclusters having an average diameter of ca. 68 Angstrom can be formed by this procedure. Characterization of this nanocomposite material by TEM, HRTEM, EDS, XRD, micro-Raman spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and UV-visible spectroscopy indicates that the Ge nanoclusters are highly crystalline and exhibit optical properties consistent with those expected when quantum confinement effects are operative. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV, DEPT CHEM, NASHVILLE, TN 37235 USA. FISH UNIV, DEPT PHYS, NASHVILLE, TN 37203 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT PHYS, RICHARDSON, TX 75083 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH MAT SCI & ENGN, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. VANDERBILT UNIV, DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI, NASHVILLE, TN 37235 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1268 EP 1274 DI 10.1021/cm950548i PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA UQ790 UT WOS:A1996UQ79000017 ER PT J AU Frei, H Blatter, F Sun, H AF Frei, H Blatter, F Sun, H TI Photocatalyzed oxidation of hydrocarbons in zeolite cages SO CHEMTECH LA English DT Article RP Frei, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,CHEM BIODYNAM LAB,MS CALVIN LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 36 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2703 J9 CHEMTECH JI Chemtech PD JUN PY 1996 VL 26 IS 6 BP 24 EP 30 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA UP750 UT WOS:A1996UP75000008 ER PT J AU Khan, MR Reynolds, JG AF Khan, MR Reynolds, JG TI Formulating a response to the Clean Air Act SO CHEMTECH LA English DT Article C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. TEXACO USA INC,RES & DEV,FUELS & LUBRICANTS TECHNOL DEPT,WHITE PLAINS,NY 10604. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2703 J9 CHEMTECH JI Chemtech PD JUN PY 1996 VL 26 IS 6 BP 56 EP 61 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA UP750 UT WOS:A1996UP75000013 ER PT J AU Jencks, HW AF Jencks, HW TI China's rising military power and influence: Issues and options for the US - Sutter,R, Mitchener,P SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP Jencks, HW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR CHINESE STUDIES, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD JUN PY 1996 IS 146 BP 645 EP 648 PG 4 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA VP726 UT WOS:A1996VP72600040 ER PT J AU Jencks, HW AF Jencks, HW TI China's conventional military capabilities, 1994-2004: An assessment - Caldwell,J SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP Jencks, HW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR CHINESE STUDIES, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD JUN PY 1996 IS 146 BP 646 EP 648 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA VP726 UT WOS:A1996VP72600041 ER PT J AU Jencks, HW AF Jencks, HW TI The impact of China's military modernization in the Pacific region - US-Gen-Accounting-Off SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP Jencks, HW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR CHINESE STUDIES, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD JUN PY 1996 IS 146 BP 646 EP 648 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA VP726 UT WOS:A1996VP72600042 ER PT J AU Leung, TC Harmon, BN Fedro, AJ Zhou, Y Sinha, SK AF Leung, TC Harmon, BN Fedro, AJ Zhou, Y Sinha, SK TI Projection operator mean field solution of the two-dimensional Hubbard model SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; TRANSITION-METAL MONOXIDES; INTERACTION PARAMETERS; LA2CUO4; BAND; APPROXIMATION; LATTICE AB A projection operator mean field (POME) calculation of the two-dimensional three-band Hubbard model of the CuO2 lattice is presented in this work, which consists of two parts. In the first part the method and computational techniques are outlined. We will show that the POME method can be easily generalized all the way to many atoms per unit cell with s, p, d orbitals included, and requires very small computer effort. An application to study the effect on the solution of each parameter will follow in the second part. Our results show that increasing Coulomb repulsions U-d, U-p, U-dp, and change-transfer energy Delta enhances the antiferromagnetism, and increasing hopping parameters t(dp) and t(p) supresses the antiferromagnetism. The binding energy of the satellite is enhanced by increasing the values of U-d, t(dp), and t(p), and supressed by increasing the values of U-dp, U-p, and Delta. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP Leung, TC (reprint author), NATL CHUNG CHENG UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CHIAYI 621,TAIWAN. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA PI TAIPEI PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 0577-9073 J9 CHINESE J PHYS JI Chin. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 BP 761 EP 783 PN 1 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT144 UT WOS:A1996UT14400004 ER PT J AU Yang, SN AF Yang, SN TI Nucleon resonance in pion scattering and photopion production SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Taiwan International Conference on Intermediate and High Energy Physics CY JUN 26-28, 1995 CL DUBNA, RUSSIA SP JINR, BLTP, Natl Sci Council ROC, Minist Educ ROC, Natl Taiwan Univ, Acad Sin ID MESON-EXCHANGE; PHOTOPRODUCTION; MODEL; REGION; DELTA AB We have developed a unified meson-exchange model for pion-nucleon scattering and photopion production. It gives good description for all channels in both reactions up to the Delta(1232) resonance region. The model allows the explicit inclusion of resonance degree of freedom and can be used to extract the nucleon resonance properties. We obtain -3.96% and -4.05% for the bare and dressed E2/M1 ratios in the photo-excitation of (N --> Delta). C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Yang, SN (reprint author), NATL TAIWAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TAIPEI 106,TAIWAN. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA PI TAIPEI PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 0577-9073 J9 CHINESE J PHYS JI Chin. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 BP 984 EP 990 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT147 UT WOS:A1996UT14700026 ER PT J AU Tzeng, YH Kuo, TTS Lee, TSH AF Tzeng, YH Kuo, TTS Lee, TSH TI The delta excitation on the shell-model effective nucleon-nucleon interactions SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Taiwan International Conference on Intermediate and High Energy Physics CY JUN 26-28, 1995 CL DUBNA, RUSSIA SP JINR, BLTP, Natl Sci Council ROC, Minist Educ ROC, Natl Taiwan Univ, Acad Sin ID NN SCATTERING; PI; DIAGRAMS AB We have calculated the Delta particle-nucleon hole core polarization diagram G(pp Delta h) to investigate the effect of the Delta three-nucleon force on the shell-model effective interactions. A realistic NN <-> N Delta transition G-matrix G(N Delta) is derived using a Delta-subtracted Paris potential and the coupled-channel approach of Lee and Matsuyama. The core-polarization diagrams G(pp Delta h), second order in G(N Delta), are found to be very small for the sd-shell valence nucleons. Satisfactory convergence is reached by including Delta excitations up to 20 oscillator shells for the summation of the Delta intermediate states in G(pp Delta h). C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Tzeng, YH (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,TAIPEI 115,TAIWAN. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC REPUBLIC CHINA PI TAIPEI PA CHINESE JOURNAL PHYSICS PO BOX 23-30, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 0577-9073 J9 CHINESE J PHYS JI Chin. J. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 BP 991 EP 997 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UT147 UT WOS:A1996UT14700027 ER PT J AU Madejova, J Bujdak, J Gates, WP Komadel, P AF Madejova, J Bujdak, J Gates, WP Komadel, P TI Preparation and infrared spectroscopic characterization of reduced-charge montmorillonite with various Li contents SO CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION AB A series of reduced-charge montmorillonites (RCMs) was prepared from Li-montmorillonite from Jelsovy Potok (Slovakia) by heating at various temperatures (105-210 degrees C) for 24 h. The amount of fixed Li, 0.09-0.67 per O-20(OH)(4), increased with increasing temperature, confirming preparation of a set of samples of variable layer charge from the same parent Li-montmorillonite by varying only the preparation temperature. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that Li was trapped in the hexagonal cavities of the tetrahedral sheet at all temperatures. Partial deprotonation of the samples, reflected in the decrease of the intensities of the OH-bending bands, was observed after treatments above 120 degrees C. Analysis of the OH-stretching region showed Li in the previously vacant octahedra in the samples heated above 150 degrees C. Weak inflections near 660 and 720 cm-L confirmed development of local trioctahedral character of octahedral cations coordinated with OH groups in the sample heated at 210 degrees C. Gradual decrease of the layer charge, due to Li fixation led to a shift of the Si-O stretching band to higher frequencies and to the appearance of new, pyrophyllite-like bands at 1120 and 419 cm(-1). C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP Madejova, J (reprint author), SLOVAK ACAD SCI,INST INORGAN CHEM,BRATISLAVA 84236,SLOVAKIA. RI Bujdak, Juraj/G-8898-2015 OI Bujdak, Juraj/0000-0003-0305-949X NR 30 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 9 PU MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY PI LONDON PA 41 QUEENS GATE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW7 5HR SN 0009-8558 J9 CLAY MINER JI Clay Min. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 233 EP 241 DI 10.1180/claymin.1996.031.2.09 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy GA UT473 UT WOS:A1996UT47300009 ER PT J AU Miller, JA Volponi, JV Pauwels, JF AF Miller, JA Volponi, JV Pauwels, JF TI The effect of allene addition on the structure of a rich C2H2/O-2/Ar flame SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID RATE CONSTANTS; TEMPERATURE REACTIONS; SHOCK-TUBE; C2H2; H2; D2 AB We have studied the effects of adding allene (C3H4) to a rich (phi = 1.67) C2H2/O-2/Ar flame. Temperatures were measured by thermocouple and by OH laser-induced fluorescence. Stable species profiles were determined from mass spectrometer measurements using a quartz microprobe, and OH and CH concentrations were determined using LIF. The experiments were analyzed with the aid of a chemical kinetic model. The most noteworthy result of our experiments is that significant quantities of benzene appear in the flame with allene, whereas there is no detectable benzene in the pure acetylene flame. This result lends support to the theory that the reaction between two propargyl radicals is an important ''cyclization step'' in flames. Various aspects of the flame chemistry are discussed in depth. C1 UNIV SCI & TECHNOL LILLE,LC3,CNRS,URA 876,F-59655 VILLENEUVE DASCQ,FRANCE. RP Miller, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 30 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 1996 VL 105 IS 4 BP 451 EP 461 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00227-8 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UN138 UT WOS:A1996UN13800002 ER PT J AU Nguyen, QV Dibble, RW Carter, CD Fiechtner, GJ Barlow, RS AF Nguyen, QV Dibble, RW Carter, CD Fiechtner, GJ Barlow, RS TI Raman-LIP measurements of temperature, major species, OH, and NO in a methane-air Bunsen flame SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE; COMBUSTION; NITROGEN; LAMINAR AB Nonintrusive measurements of temperature, the major species (N-2, O-2, H-2, H2O, CO2, CO, CH4), OH, and NO in an atmospheric pressure, laminar methane-air Bunsen flame were obtained using a combination of Raman-Rayleigh scattering and laser-induced fluorescence. Radial profiles were measured at three axial locations for an equivalence ratio of 1.38. Measurements along the centerline of the flame, for equivalence ratios of 1.38, 1.52, and 1.70, were also obtained. The measurements indicate that the inner unburned fuel-air mixture experiences significant preheating as it travels up into the conical flame zone surrounding it. Consequently, the centerline axial temperatures were typically 100-150 K higher than predicted by adiabatic equilibrium for reactants at an initial temperature of 300 K. Because the amount of preheating increases with the equivalence ratio (due to the increased inner flame height), the maximum temperatures (2000 K) in a Bunsen flame were rather insensitive to the stoichiometry. We observed a 20% reduction of the maximum NO concentrations (80 ppm) in a Bunsen flame by increasing the equivalence ratio from 1.38 to 1.70. We also find that using a one-dimensional premixed laminar flame model incorporating finite-rate chemistry, satisfactorily predicts properties such as the temperature, CO, OH, and NO concentrations at the inner flame. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SYST RES LABS INC,DAYTON,OH 45440. RP Nguyen, QV (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,DEPT 8351,MS 9051,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 38 TC 87 Z9 89 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 1996 VL 105 IS 4 BP 499 EP 510 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(96)00226-X PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UN138 UT WOS:A1996UN13800006 ER PT J AU Lynch, NJ Cherry, RS AF Lynch, NJ Cherry, RS TI Winter composting using the passively aerated windrow system SO COMPOST SCIENCE & UTILIZATION LA English DT Article AB Field trials demonstrated that agricultural wastes could be successfully composted in the winter with the passively aerated windrow system. Three small windrows were constructed. One pile contained a sheep manure-straw mixture, while the ether two piles contained varied amounts of horse manure, cow manure, and bedding materials (straw, wood chips). The piles were constructed on a porous base of wood chips. Standard four-inch (10 cm) perforated pipes were placed approximately three feet apart in the porous base, perpendicular to the length of the windrow. Piles were covered with 15 to 20 centimeters of finished compost. A commercial compost covering fabric permeable to gases and water vapor but impermeable to liquid water was used for additional insulation and protection against high winds. Ambient temperatures ranged from -27 degrees C to 15 degrees C during the trials. Initially, all three piles froze. Then the ends of the piles began to heat up, with the southern ends which received the most sunlight heating up first. Plugging the pipes seemed to help the piles heat up faster, but did not appear to be necessary. Thermophilic temperatures were attained and the composting cycle took 50 to 80 days after the piles heated up. Oxygen levels were highest at the bottom of the pile, and decreased as one moved to the toy of the pile. The biggest practical problem encountered was the snow drifts that periodically formed at the windrow base, covering the pipe openings. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Lynch, NJ (reprint author), PRAXAIR INC,TONAWANDA,NY 14150, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU JG PRESS, INC PI EMMAUS PA 419 STATE AVE, EMMAUS, PA 18049 SN 1065-657X J9 COMPOST SCI UTIL JI Compost Sci. Util. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 4 IS 3 BP 44 EP 52 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA VE979 UT WOS:A1996VE97900005 ER PT J AU Thakur, R Choudhary, A Bordawekar, R More, S Kuditipudi, S AF Thakur, R Choudhary, A Bordawekar, R More, S Kuditipudi, S TI Passion: Optimized I/O for parallel applications SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Parallel computers with peak performance of more than 100 Gflops/second are already available to solve a variety of problems in a range of disciplines. However, the input/output performance of these machines is a poor reflection of their true computational power. To improve the I/O performance of parallel programs with distributed multidimensional arrays, we have developed a software library called Passion (Parallel, Scalable Software for Input/Output). Passion's routines are designed to read or write either entire distributed arrays or sections of such arrays. Passion also frees the programmer from many of the tedious tasks associated with performing I/O in parallel programs and has a high-level interface that makes it easy to specify the required I/O. We have implemented Passion on Intel's Paragon, Touchstone Delta, and iPSC/860 systems, and on the IBM SP system. We have also made it publicly available through the World Wide Web (http://www.cat.syr.edu/passion. html). We are in the process of porting the library to other machines and extending its functionality. C1 SYRACUSE UNIV,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. RP Thakur, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Choudhary, Alok/C-5486-2009 NR 5 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD JUN PY 1996 VL 29 IS 6 BP 70 EP & PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA UP658 UT WOS:A1996UP65800017 ER PT J AU Khamayseh, A Hamann, B AF Khamayseh, A Hamann, B TI Elliptic grid generation using NURBS surfaces SO COMPUTER AIDED GEOMETRIC DESIGN LA English DT Article DE algebraic grid generation; approximation; elliptic grid generation; NURBS curve; NURBS surface; partial differential equations; transfinite interpolation AB Recently, there has been a move towards NURBS-based grid generation systems, where the original geometry is given as analytically defined NURBS surfaces. The process of surface grid generation is the computation of an algebraic grid based on the NURBS surface definition and the computation of an elliptic grid based on the algebraic grid. The NURBS format provides a common mathematical representation for both standard analytic shapes and free-form curves and surfaces. The derivatives of the physical coordinates with respect to the parametric coordinates can be evaluated directly. An improved elliptic surface grid generation method for NURBS surfaces is presented. New techniques for computing the control functions and imposing boundary orthogonality are developed. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT COMP SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Khamayseh, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8396 J9 COMPUT AIDED GEOM D JI Comput. Aided Geom. Des. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 13 IS 4 BP 369 EP 386 DI 10.1016/0167-8396(95)00050-X PG 18 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA UR742 UT WOS:A1996UR74200005 ER PT J AU Pollock, EL Glosli, J AF Pollock, EL Glosli, J TI Comments on P(3)M, FMM, and the Ewald method for large periodic coulombic systems SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB Prompted by the need to simulate large molecular or gravitational systems and the availability of multiprocessor computers, alternatives to the standard Ewald calculation of Coulombic interactions have been developed. The two most popular alternatives, the fast multipole method (FMM) and the particle-particle particle-mesh (P(3)M) method are compared here to the Ewald method for a single processor machine. Parallel processor implementations of the P(3)M and Ewald methods are compared. The P(3)M method is found to be both faster than the FMM and easier to implement efficiently as it relies on commonly available software (FFT subroutines). Both the Ewald and P(3)M method are easily implemented on parallel architectures with the P(3)M method the clear choice for large systems. RP Pollock, EL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 18 TC 173 Z9 174 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 95 IS 2-3 BP 93 EP 110 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(96)00043-4 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA UQ973 UT WOS:A1996UQ97300002 ER PT J AU Elliott, S Shen, M Kao, CYJ Turco, RP Jacobson, MZ AF Elliott, S Shen, M Kao, CYJ Turco, RP Jacobson, MZ TI A streamlined family photochemistry module reproduces major nonlinearities in the global tropospheric ozone system SO COMPUTERS & CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; CHEMICAL TRACER MODEL; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ANTARCTIC OZONE; 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; NITROGEN-OXIDES; NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AB Tropospheric photochemistry is central to terrestrial climate change and pollution effects and so will be modelled on global 3-D grids. The chemistry is also complex, numerically stiff and kinetically nonlinear. A packaged family based integrator has been developed specifically to combat the difficulties associated with computational modelling of atmospheric chemistry on the global scale. The present work describes its ability to reproduce the major nonlinear features of tropospheric kinetics-those relating the nitrogen oxides (NOx) and oxidizing organics to ozone. It is shown that the family modules can duplicate typical changes in ozone production as a function of NOx level while consuming a minimum number of mathematical operations. The tests are first performed in the box model mode for a variety of pristine and pollutant scenarios. Zero-dimensional runs are patterned largely after the nonlinearity investigations of Liu and coworkers. The testing is then extended to column representations for vertical mixing of ozone precursors in convective storms. Here the calculations follow the climatology of ozone production enhancements assembled by Pickering and colleagues. Benchmarking is reported for a mechanism containing full inorganic kinetics as well as decomposition sequences for six nonmethane hydrocarbons. Chemical species in the simulation number 92. The operations count is roughly 10,000 per cell step for time increments of 1 h or more. The coding should thus enable decadal scale runs on massively parallel processors. Scaling experiments indicate full vectorization has been achieved. The chemistry packages are optimized not only for speed but also for convenience. Modularity and routines automating setup of solutions to the kinetic continuity equations are outlined as incidentals. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. RP Elliott, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, GEOANAL GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 241 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0097-8485 J9 COMPUT CHEM JI Comput. Chem. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 235 EP 259 DI 10.1016/0097-8485(95)00054-2 PG 25 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA UG116 UT WOS:A1996UG11600010 ER PT J AU Levine, D AF Levine, D TI Application of a hybrid genetic algorithm to airline crew scheduling SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses the development and application of a hybrid genetic algorithm to airline crew scheduling problems. The hybrid algorithm consists of a steady-state genetic algorithm and a local search heuristic. The hybrid algorithm was tested on a set of 40 real-world problems. It found the optimal solution for half the problems, and good solutions for 9 others. The results were compared to those obtained with branch-and-cut and branch-and-bound algorithms. The branch-and-cut algorithm was significantly more successful than the hybrid algorithm, and the branch-and-bound algorithm slightly better. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP Levine, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 27 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 23 IS 6 BP 547 EP 558 DI 10.1016/0305-0548(95)00060-7 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA UN887 UT WOS:A1996UN88700006 ER PT J AU Meine, C Meffe, GK AF Meine, C Meffe, GK TI Conservation values, conservation science: A healthy tension SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP Meine, C (reprint author), INT CRANE FDN,BOX 447,BARABOO,WI 53913, USA. NR 1 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 916 EP 917 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10030904-5.x PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VA572 UT WOS:A1996VA57200034 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, JK Gorby, YA AF Fredrickson, JK Gorby, YA TI Environmental processes mediated by iron-reducing bacteria SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHEWANELLA-PUTREFACIENS; DISSIMILATORY FE(III); AQUATIC SEDIMENTS; FERRIC IRON; REDUCTION; MICROORGANISM; OXIDATION; URANIUM AB Considerable progress has been made towards enhancing our understanding of the phylogeny, ecology and biogeochemical role of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria. The known phylogenetic range of iron-reducing bacteria has expanded considerably, as has the known range of iron minerals that serve as a source of Fe(III) for anaerobic respiration. In addition, the number of biotechnological applications of iron-reducing bacteria, including remediation of soils and sediments contaminated with metals, radionuclides and organics, is rapidly expanding. RP Fredrickson, JK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,MAILSTOP K4-06,POB 999,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 48 TC 107 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 44 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(96)80032-2 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UT526 UT WOS:A1996UT52600008 PM 8785432 ER PT J AU White, DC Sutton, SD Ringelberg, DB AF White, DC Sutton, SD Ringelberg, DB TI The genus Sphingomonas: Physiology and ecology SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP-NOV; RHIZOMONAS-SUBERIFACIENS; COMB-NOV; PAUCIMOBILIS; PROPOSALS; DIOXIN AB Exploitation of the metabolic capabilities of the genus Sphingomonas could provide important commercial benefits to biotechnology. Recent advances have demonstrated that these organisms have unique abilities to degrade refractory contaminants, to serve as bacterial antagonists to phytopathogenic fungi, and to secrete the highly useful gellan exopolysaccharides. Unfortunately, Sphingomonas are also animal pathogens and can readily degrade the copper pipes in drinking water distribution systems. The closely related Zymomonas could be important for commercial ethanol production. These Gram-negative aerobic bacteria are characterized by an outer membrane that contains glycosphingolipids, but lacks lipopolysaccharide. Their distribution in environmental samples has not been systematically examined as yet. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MIAMI UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,OXFORD,OH 45056. RP White, DC (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,10515 RES DR,SUITE 300,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932, USA. NR 32 TC 180 Z9 181 U1 3 U2 36 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 301 EP 306 DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(96)80034-6 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UT526 UT WOS:A1996UT52600010 PM 8785434 ER PT J AU Hooker, BS Skeen, RS AF Hooker, BS Skeen, RS TI Intrinsic bioremediation: An environmental restoration technology SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In the past year, there has been a dramatic maturation of intrinsic bioremediation technologies. As methods pertinent to the intrinsic bioremediation of fuel hydrocarbons have become better established, a comprehensive protocol has been developed for the validation and prediction of these processes. Study of intrinsic bioremediation of other prevalent contaminants, such as chlorinated aliphatics, polychlorinated biphenyls, and high explosives, has also been undertaken. RP Hooker, BS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, MSIN P7-41, BATTELLE BLVD, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 317 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(96)80037-1 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UT526 UT WOS:A1996UT52600013 PM 8785437 ER PT J AU Kaufman, PD AF Kaufman, PD TI Nucleosome assembly: The CAF and the HAT SO CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-REPLICATION INVITRO; PROTEIN AP-I; HISTONE ACETYLATION; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; CHROMATIN; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CLONING; ACID; NUCLEOPLASMIN AB Recent data argue strongly that a protein complex termed chromatin assembly factor-I (CAF-I) plays a major role in de novo nucleosome assembly during DNA replication. Human CAF-I deposits newly synthesized, acetylated histones onto replicated DNA in vitro and localizes to sites of DNA replication in S-phase cells. Specific lysines of the histones used for nucleosome assembly are acetylated; in the past year the first gene encoding a histone acetyltransferase was cloned. However, mechanistic links between histone acetylation and nucleosome assembly have not been established in vivo or in vitro. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Kaufman, PD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,DONNER LAB 351,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA13106] NR 41 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0955-0674 J9 CURR OPIN CELL BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 3 BP 369 EP 373 DI 10.1016/S0955-0674(96)80012-3 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA UM873 UT WOS:A1996UM87300012 PM 8743889 ER PT J AU Schipper, L AF Schipper, L TI Life-styles and the environment: The case of energy SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Article RP Schipper, L (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INT ENERGY AGCY INT ENERGY STUDIES,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU DAEDALUS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 136 IRVING ST, STE 100, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 0011-5266 J9 DAEDALUS JI Daedalus PD SUM PY 1996 VL 125 IS 3 BP 113 EP 138 PG 26 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA UZ374 UT WOS:A1996UZ37400008 ER PT J AU Ingram, BL Ingle, JC Conrad, ME AF Ingram, BL Ingle, JC Conrad, ME TI Stable isotope record of late Holocene salinity and river discharge in San Francisco Bay, California SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE San Francisco Bay; Holocene; salinity; C-13/C-12; O-18/O-16; discharge; mollusks ID ATMOSPHERIC C-14; LAKE; PALEOSALINITY; CIRCULATION; CLIMATE AB Oxygen and carbon isotopic measurements of fossil mollusks from San Francisco Bay are used to derive a record of paleosalinity and paleostreamflow for the past 5,900 years. The delta(18)O and delta(13)C values of river water (-12 parts per thousand and -9 parts per thousand) are markedly different than seawater (0 parts per thousand and 1 parts per thousand), and vary systematically as a function of salinity in the estuary. The data show that annu ally averaged salinity in the south-central part of the Bay was very close to the modern 'diversion-corrected' value of 26.8 parts per thousand over the past 2,700 years, and 4 parts per thousand lower than modern between 3,800 and 5,100 yr B.P. Based on those salinities, the average annual river inflow to San Francisco Bay is calculated to have been 1290 m(3)/s over the past 2,400 years, and 1990 m(3)/s between 3,800 and 5,100 yr B.P., 1.8 times greater than the modern 'diversion-corrected' value of 1100 m(3)/s, assuming a constant bay volume. The inferred river discharge record generally corroborates independent paleohydrologic records in California, including tree-ring, treeline and lake level records. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM SCI,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Ingram, BL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT GEOG,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010 NR 30 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 141 IS 1-4 BP 237 EP 247 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UW513 UT WOS:A1996UW51300019 ER PT J AU Newman, MC McCloskey, JT AF Newman, MC McCloskey, JT TI Time-to-event analyses of ecotoxicity data SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE statistics; survival time; toxicity; ecological risk assessment ID LIFE TABLE EVALUATION; CHRONIC EXPOSURE; MOSQUITOFISH; SURVIVAL AB Intensity and duration of exposure dictate the effect of a toxicant. Consequently, any assessment of ecological risk that does not include a sound understanding of both concentration and duration effects is compromised. This being the case, it is surprising that the predominant approach in ecotoxicology (concentration-effect modeling) inefficiently includes exposure duration. Ecological risk assessment can be enhanced with time-to-event models that can easily include concentration, exposure duration, and other important covariates. Time-to-event methods are described and linkage made to relevant ecological techniques, i.e. life table analyses and genetic selection models. RP Newman, MC (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 26 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 13 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD JUN PY 1996 VL 5 IS 3 BP 187 EP 196 DI 10.1007/BF00116339 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA UV651 UT WOS:A1996UV65100007 PM 24193724 ER PT J AU Simpson, LJ Melendres, CA AF Simpson, LJ Melendres, CA TI Temperature dependence of the surface enhanced Raman spectroelectrochemistry of iron in aqueous solutions SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Raman; SERS; electrochemical; iron; sodium hydroxide; borate; temperature ID PASSIVE FILM; SPECTRA; HYDROCARBONS; SCATTERING; ELECTRODES; DIAGRAMS; CARBON AB The effect of temperature on the composition of the corrosion film on iron in aqueous sodium hydroxide and borate solutions was investigated using surface enhanced Raman spectroelectrochemistry (SERS). Fe(OH)(2) and Fe3O4 were observed in the prepassivation region, while Fe3O4 and FeOOH accounted for most of the passivated film at 25, 60 and 95 degrees C. Fe(OH)(2) was found to be a stable component of the corrosion film on iron at 95 degrees C, which is contrary to recently published theoretical calculations. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN PY 1996 VL 41 IS 10 BP 1727 EP 1730 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00487-4 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA UQ340 UT WOS:A1996UQ34000018 ER PT J AU Wu, CH Quesada, MA Schneider, DK Farinato, R Studier, FW Chu, B AF Wu, CH Quesada, MA Schneider, DK Farinato, R Studier, FW Chu, B TI Polyacrylamide solutions for DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis: Mesh sizes, separation and dispersion SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE capillary electrophoresis; uncrosslinked polyacrylamide solutions; DNA sequencing resolution ID LIQUID POLYACRYLAMIDE; RESTRICTION FRAGMENTS; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; AGAROSE SOLUTIONS; MACROMOLECULES; VISCOSITY; EXTENSION; PRODUCTS; NEUTRON AB Two preparations of linear polyacrylamide with average molecular weights of 0.37 million and 1.14 million Da, and a deuterated preparation with an average molecular weight of 1.71 million Da, were used to study the effects of molecular weight, polydispersity, and concentration on the mesh size of entangled polymers in a DNA sequencing buffer solution and their ability to resolve DNA sequencing reactions by capillary electrophoresis. The polyacrylamide concentrations were above the overlap threshold C*, the concentration above which an entangled polymer network is expected to form. Small angle neutron scattering experiments showed that between 1% and 8% polyacrylamide, the mesh size (xi) can be expressed by the relation xi = 2.09C(-0.76), where xi is in Angstrom and C is the polymer concentration in g/mL. The mesh size depended only on the concentration and was independent of the average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide. Consistent with this result, electrophoretic mobilities of DNA moving through the polymer network depended almost entirely on the polyacrylamide concentration and not on its molecular weight or polydispersity. Although separation was little affected, band sharpness persisted to longer DNAs when the polymer network contained a higher fraction of larger polyacrylamide molecules. We postulate a dispersive effect that depends on the size of the DNA and the resiliency of the polymer network. This interpretation provides a rationale for optimizing the design of polymer solutions to sieve DNA for sequencing by capillary electrophoresis. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. CYTEC IND,STAMFORD,CT. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1R0 1HG01386-01] NR 35 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 23 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD JUN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1103 EP 1109 DI 10.1002/elps.1150170620 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UX728 UT WOS:A1996UX72800019 PM 8832178 ER PT J AU Steinberg, M AF Steinberg, M TI The Carnol process for CO2 mitigation from power plants and the transportation sector SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Greenhouse Gases - Mitigation Options Conference CY AUG 22-25, 1995 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme AB A CO2 mitigation process is developed which converts waste CO2, primarily recovered from coal-fired power plant stack gases with natural gas, to produce methanol as a liquid fuel and coproduct carbon as a materials commodity. The Camel process chemistry consists of methane decomposition to produce hydrogen which is catalytically reacted with the recovered waste CO2 to produce methanol. The carbon is either stored or sold as a materials commodity. A process design is modelled and mass and energy balances are presented as a function of reactor pressure and temperature conditions. The Camel process is a viable alternative to sequestering CO2 in the ocean for purposes of reducing CO2 emissions from coal burning power plants. Over 90% of the CO2 from the coal burning plant is used in the process which results in a net CO2 emission reduction of over 90% compared to that obtained for conventional methanol production by steam reforming of methane. Methanol as an alternative liquid fuel for automotive engines and for fuel cells achieves additional CO2 emission reduction benefits. The economics of the process is greatly enhanced when carbon can be sold as a materials commodity. Improvement in process design and economics should be achieved by developing a molten metal (tin) methane decomposition reactor. and a liquid phase, slurry catalyst, methanol synthesis reactor directly using the solvent saturated with CO2 scrubbed from the power plant stack gases. The benefits of the process warrants its further development. RP Steinberg, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUN-AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 6-8 BP 843 EP 848 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(95)00266-9 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA TX579 UT WOS:A1996TX57900035 ER PT J AU Burchell, TD Judkins, RR AF Burchell, TD Judkins, RR TI Passive CO2 removal using a carbon fiber - Composite molecular sieve SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Greenhouse Gases - Mitigation Options Conference CY AUG 22-25, 1995 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme AB Manufacture and characterization of a carbon fiber composite molecular sieve (CFCMS), and its efficacy as a CO2 gas adsorbent are reported. The CFCMS consists of an isotropic pitch derived carbon fiber and a phenolic resin derived carbon binder. Activation (selective gasification) of the CFCMS creates microporosity in the carbon fibers, yielding high micropore volumes (>0.5 cm(3)/g) and BET surface areas (>1000 m(2)/g). Moreover, the CFCMS material is a rigid, strong, monolith with an open structure that allows the free-flow of fluids through the material. This combination of properties provides an adsorbent material that has several distinct advantages over granular adsorbents in gas separation systems such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) units. The results of our initial evaluations of the CO2 adsorption capacity and kinetics of CFCMS are reported. The room temperature CO2 adsorption capacity of CFCMS is >120 mg of CO2 per g of CFCMS. A proposed project is described that targets the development, over a three-year period, of a demonstration separation system based on CFCMS for the removal of CO2 from a flue gas slip stream at a coal-fired power plant. The proposed program would be conducted jointly with industrial and utility partners. RP Burchell, TD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Burchell, Tim/E-6566-2017 OI Burchell, Tim/0000-0003-1436-1192 NR 10 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUN-AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 6-8 BP 947 EP 954 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(95)00282-0 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA TX579 UT WOS:A1996TX57900051 ER PT J AU Saroff, L AF Saroff, L TI Coal fuel cycle externalities estimates (part of the US initiative of the US DOE/CEC study) SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Greenhouse Gases - Mitigation Options Conference CY AUG 22-25, 1995 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme AB Electricity is of considerable benefit to the consumer and society. However, the price paid by the consumer does not necessarily reflect the full cost. There are two components to the full cost. One component is the private costs that are paid by the consumer, such as labor, capital, fuel, insurance, etc. The other component includes the cost or benefit accrued to third parties, such as: effects of global warming potential; effects on health from the emissions of SO2, NOx, and particulates; and other considerations. These costs or benefits are termed externalities, and usually are not included in the price paid by the consumer. Externalities estimates are presented for site-specific Pulverized Fuel electric generation stations located in the southwestern and southeastern part of the U.S.A. The results are referenced to the specific location and may not be applicable to other sites or technologies. The externalities are discussed for a wide range of effects, from global warming potential through trace metal emissions to energy security. RP Saroff, L (reprint author), US DOE,OFF CLEAN COAL TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUN-AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 6-8 BP 1241 EP 1246 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(95)00327-4 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA TX579 UT WOS:A1996TX57900097 ER PT J AU Busch, JF Eto, J AF Busch, JF Eto, J TI Estimation of avoided costs for electric utility demand-side planning SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE avoided costs; demand-side management; electric utility; power generation AB Avoided costs originated with federal laws designed to encourage renewable energy and small power production. When estimated properly, they provide an unbundled characterization of the short- and long-run cost structure of a utility. We review current practices for estimating avoided costs for use in electric utility demand-side management (DSM) resource planning. For large DSM resource options, using avoided costs to estimate value is more accurate than using short-run marginal costs; avoided costs are simpler to use than traditional supply planning methods. We describe various administrative approaches for estimating avoided power generation costs and discuss modeling issues that arise in the estimation process. We also discuss emerging, market-based approaches for estimating avoided costs and describe current estimation practices for the additional, often substantial, non-generation-related costs avoided by DSM programs. Finally, we discuss special considerations in using avoided costs to estimate the system value of DSM. RP Busch, JF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,1 CYCLOTORN RD,MS 90-4000,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD JUN PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 BP 473 EP 499 DI 10.1080/00908319608908783 PG 27 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UW102 UT WOS:A1996UW10200009 ER PT J AU Arbon, RE Mincher, BJ Knighton, WB AF Arbon, RE Mincher, BJ Knighton, WB TI gamma-Ray destruction of PCBs in isooctane and transformer oil SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; NONPOLAR LIQUIDS; ELECTRONS; DECHLORINATION; IRRADIATION AB The radiolytic degradation of PCBs in air-equilibrated isooctane and transformer oil was investigated. Significant degradation was observed in both solvents studied at moderate absorbed dose. Scavenging studies implicate the electron as the major reactive species responsible for decomposition. This is consistent with what has been observed in neutral 2-propanol; however, surprising differences between the radiolytic behavior of PCBs in polar 2-propanol and nonpolar isooctane are observed. PCB degradation was found to be enhanced in isooctane relative to neutral 2-propanol. Chlorine number and substitution pattern have been found to influence degradation efficiency but to a lesser extent in isooctane than in 2-propanol. Deviations in PCB degradation behavior between isooctane and 2-propanol are interpreted in terms of differences in electron behavior between the two solvents. The products of PCB decomposition appear to be less chlorinated PCBs and PCB-solvent adducts. C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. RP Arbon, RE (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625-4107,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. RI Mincher, Bruce/C-7758-2017 NR 28 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1866 EP 1871 DI 10.1021/es950467n PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UM991 UT WOS:A1996UM99100031 ER PT J AU Duba, AG Jackson, KJ Jovanovich, MC Knapp, RB Taylor, RT AF Duba, AG Jackson, KJ Jovanovich, MC Knapp, RB Taylor, RT TI TCE remediation using in situ, resting-state bioaugmentation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; SOLUBLE METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; INSITU BIODEGRADATION; CHLORINATED ETHENES; FIELD-EVALUATION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BIOREMEDIATION AB A field test has demonstrated that an in situ biofilter using resting-state cells effectively remediated groundwater with about 425 ppb of trichloroethene (TCE) as the sole contaminant species. About 5.4 kg (dry weight equivalent) of a strain of methanotrophic bacteria (Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b) was suspended in 1800 L of groundwater (5.4 x 10(9) cells/mt) and injected into an aquifer through a single well at a depth of 27 m, several meters below the water table. The injected groundwater was devoid of TCE and growth substrates but was amended with a phosphate solution (10 mM) to buffer the pH a nd phenol red (20 mu m) to act as a tracer. Approximately 50% of the injected bacteria attached to the sediments, forming an in situ, fixed-bed bioreactor of unknown geometry. Contaminated groundwater was subsequently withdrawn through the biofilter region by extracting at 3.8 L/min for 30 h and then at 2.0 L/min for the remaining 39 days of the field experiment. TCE concentrations in the extracted groundwater decreased from 425 to less than 10 ppb during the first 50 h of withdrawal, which is equivalent to a 98% reduction. TCE concentration extracted through the biofilter gradually increased to background values at 40 days when the experiment was terminated. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI jackson, Kenneth/E-2236-2013 OI jackson, Kenneth/0000-0003-4231-3809 NR 30 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1982 EP 1989 DI 10.1021/es950730k PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UM991 UT WOS:A1996UM99100047 ER PT J AU Bolton, H Girvin, DC AF Bolton, H Girvin, DC TI Effect of adsorption on the biodegradation of nitrilotriacetate by Chelatobacter heintzii SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STABILITY-CONSTANTS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CHELATING-AGENTS; HYDROUS OXIDES; BACTERIA; NTA; SOIL; ACID; DEGRADATION; METABOLISM AB Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is a synthetic chelating agent that was used to decontaminate nuclear reactors and was disposed at Department of Energy waste sites. NTA may influence the mobility and fate of radionuclides in soils and sediments if it is not biodegraded. Because it was unclear how adsorption of NTA would influence its degradation, experiments were conducted in a model system containing gibbsite and Chelatobacter heintzii with (60)CoNTA at pH 7 and NTA at pH 6 and 8. The rates of NTA desorption from gibbsite were pH dependent (desorption half-lives at pH 6, 7, and 8 were 80, 16, and 1 h, respectively, while that of Co at pH 7 was 2.5 h for equal molar CoNTA). Degradation rates of NTA in solution by C. heintzii decreased as pH decreased and depended on the dominant form of NTA in solution (e.g., biodegradation rates for HNTA(2-) > AIOHNTA(-) CoNTA(-)). The degradation of NTA was significantly slower when NTA was adsorbed to gibbsite. This difference was observed at pH 6 and 8 with NTA and at pH 7 with NTA and equal molar cobalt. A coupled process model successfully simulated NTA desorption and degradation at all pHs. Both experimental data and simulations demonstrated that adsorbed NTA was unavailable for biodegradation and that the rate of desorption limited the rate of biodegradation. Only a fraction of the total Co-60 (i.e. 4%) was associated with C, heintzii cells after NTA had been degraded in the presence of gibbsite. Therefore, the biodegradation of NTA by microorganisms similar to C. heintzii should not significantly alter Co-60 sorption to aluminum oxides or Co-60 transport where NTA and Co-60 have been co-disposed. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,INTERFACIAL GEOCHEM GRP,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RP Bolton, H (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MICROBIOL GRP,900 BATTELLE BLVD,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 30 IS 6 BP 2057 EP 2065 DI 10.1021/es9508479 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UM991 UT WOS:A1996UM99100058 ER PT J AU Edwards, B Ashcroft, NW Lenosky, T AF Edwards, B Ashcroft, NW Lenosky, T TI Layering transitions and the structure of dense hydrogen SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MEGABAR PRESSURES; PHASE-TRANSITION AB Recent theories of the structure of solid hydrogen at high pressure have tended to focus on the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) class of structures typical of low pressure, the contribution of the zero-point motion often being neglected. Here we examine the energy of solid hydrogen at high pressure in different structures, using density-functional theory augmented by the self-consistent harmonic approximation. Above a relative compression rho/rho(0) similar to 9 we report an orthorhombic structure, Cmca, that has lower energy (both static and zero-point) than the lowest-energy hcp structures, indicative of a possible layering or martensitic transition occurring in the vicinity of the recently observed high infrared activity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP CORNELL UNIV, ATOM & SOLID STATE PHYS LAB, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. NR 26 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 519 EP 524 DI 10.1209/epl/i1996-00489-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UR499 UT WOS:A1996UR49900008 ER PT J AU Weeks, SC Meffe, GK AF Weeks, SC Meffe, GK TI Quantitative genetic and optimality analyses of life-history plasticity in the Eastern mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE additive genetic variance; food limitation; genotype by environment interaction; norms of reaction; phenotypic plasticity ID SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS; POECILIA-LATIPINNA PISCES; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; REACTION NORMS; PARENTAL INVESTMENT; NATURAL-SELECTION; OFFSPRING SIZE; EVOLUTION; MODELS; FISH C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC STUDY EVOLUTION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD JUN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1358 EP 1365 DI 10.2307/2410678 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA UY555 UT WOS:A1996UY55500040 ER PT J AU Bruhn, DF Li, JX Silver, S Roberto, F Rosen, BP AF Bruhn, DF Li, JX Silver, S Roberto, F Rosen, BP TI The arsenical resistance operon of IncN plasmid R46 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE arsenic; antimony; plasmid resistance; anion pump; ATPase; metalloregulation ID ARSENATE RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANION PUMP; PROTEIN; EFFLUX; ATPASE AB The arsenical resistance operon of the IncN plasmid R46 consists of 4696 bp and starts with predicted transcriptional control and initiation signals, followed by five genes, arsR, arsD, arsA, arsB and ausC. The corresponding Escherichia coli chromosomal aus operon and two staphylococcal aus operons lack arsA and arsD genes, The R46 system contains only the second known versions of arsA and arsD, after those of plasmid R773. Western blot analysis identified the R46 proteins using antibodies against R773 ArsA, ArsC, ArsD and ArsR. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHICAGO,IL 60612. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,DEPT BIOTECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,SCH MED,DETROIT,MI 48201. OI Silver, Simon/0000-0002-5692-3125 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI19793] NR 24 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 139 IS 2-3 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.1016/0378-1097(96)00134-6 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UU420 UT WOS:A1996UU42000011 PM 8674982 ER PT J AU Divavin, V Tanchuk, V Shrubok, A Watson, R Gonzalez, J AF Divavin, V Tanchuk, V Shrubok, A Watson, R Gonzalez, J TI An experimental and numerical investigation of post-CHF heat transfer for one-sided heat load with highly sub-cooled flow boiling SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB One-sided high heat fluxes are very commonly found;in fusion reactor plasma facing components for proposed long-pulse devices, such as ITER. Heat fluxes between Sand 30 MW m(-2) are removed by a highly sub-cooled flow of boiling water. For one-sided hear loads, all boiling regimes (single-phase, nucleate, fully developed sub-cooled, transition and film boiling) can be present under a stable condition which, in certain cases, can exceed the local critical heat flux (CHF) value. A thorough numerical and experimental analysis of the post-CHF phenomenon under a one-sided heat load has been carried out. The entire boiling curve was described with available correlations for all the regimes, except for the transition regime, where an assumed path was used. Numerical results for a circular channel under a non-uniform, one-sided heat load showed stable post-CHF temperature distributions. The sensitivity of the numerical analysis to the assumed transition boiling region was studied. During electron beam heating experiments, temperature distributions in a circular channel and a diverter plate (DP) were measured, and the ultimate load (''burnout'') was observed in circular channels with and without twisted tapes. The enhancement of the ultimate heat flux over the local CHF value was found to be 2 for a DP and 1.5 for a round channel. It was shown that the enhancement factor eta is highly dependent on the wall thickness and flow parameters. Good agreement was found when the numerical results for the temperature distributions were compared with the experimental data. An increase of about 100% in the burnout heat flux was observed in circular channels with a twisted tape. The overall results show that safety margins in actively cooled plasma facing components can be increased when conditions for stable post-CHF exist. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,FUS TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT MECH ENGN,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00680. RP Divavin, V (reprint author), EFREMOV SCI RES INST,ST PETERSBURG 189631,RUSSIA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 189 EP 200 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(96)00436-X PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA UV612 UT WOS:A1996UV61200008 ER PT J AU Tonn, B AF Tonn, B TI A design for future-oriented government SO FUTURES LA English DT Article AB This article presents a design for future-oriented government. To guide the design, nine criteria are proposed, which include the explicit recognition of future generations and future-oriented issues, explicit implementation of a structured decision-making process, incentives to include people of wisdom, and effective and broad-based citizen participation. The two main elements of the design are the Court of Generations and the Futures Congress, which diagnose the severity of threats to future generations and decide what actions to take, respectively. The Futures Administration provides information system support to these institutions. The Futures Issues Commission and the Coordination/Mediation Service assist the futures-oriented government interact with existing governmental institutions that are more appropriate for addressing everyday concerns. It is hypothesized that major decisions regarding the environment, energy, long-term science and space projects, and agriculture, among other areas, would shift to the Futures Congress from the National Legislature. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP Tonn, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-3287 J9 FUTURES JI Futures PD JUN PY 1996 VL 28 IS 5 BP 413 EP 431 DI 10.1016/0016-3287(96)00017-1 PG 19 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA UX332 UT WOS:A1996UX33200002 ER PT J AU Varadaraj, K Kumari, SS Skinner, DM AF Varadaraj, K Kumari, SS Skinner, DM TI Actin-encoding cDNAs and gene expression during the intermolt cycle of the Bermuda land crab Gecarcinus lateralis SO GENE LA English DT Article DE nucleotide sequence; actin isoforms; 3' UTR; polysomal poly(A)(+)mRNA; multigene family; PCR ID BETA-ACTIN; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; DROSOPHILA; MUSCLE; RNA; TRANSCRIPTS; EVOLUTION; REGIONS; CLONING AB Two actin-encoding cDNAs (act1 and act2) from Gecarcinus lateralis have been sequenced or partially sequenced and the corresponding proteins deduced. The act1 cDNA has a complete ORF; the act2 cDNA lacks most of the 5' end of the coding region. The nucleotide (nt) sequences of both clones are very similar to act sequences of many organisms, the most closely related being from another arthropod, the silkmoth Bombyx mori. The proteins Act1 and Act2 are more similar to vertebrate cytoplasmic actin isoforms (p-actins) than to vertebrate muscle actins (alpha-actins); they are also more similar to animal actins than to those of fungi or plants. Codon usage is strongly biased toward C or G in the third position. The deduced number of amino acid (aa) residues and calculated M(r) for Act1 are 376 aa and 41.94 kDa, respectively. The deduced aa sequence of Act1 is very similar to those of muscle actins of B. mori and Drosophila melanogaster. Southern blots indicated seven to eleven act genes in the crab genome. Northern blots probed with a segment from the 3' UTR of act1 showed a single band of approx. 1.6 kb in poly(A)(+)mRNAs from epidermis, limb bud or claw muscle and in total RNAs from ovary and gill, and two bands of approx. 1.6 and 1.8 kb in total RNA from midgut gland. Western blots of one-dimensional gels of proteins from the four layers of the exoskeleton, epidermis, limb buds and claw muscle were probed with a monoclonal Ab against chicken gizzard actin; tissue- and stage-specific changes in actin content were observed. The presence of several isoforms, and differences in their number and occurrence at various stages of the intermolt cycle, were detected on Western blots of two-dimensional gels. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,JOHNSON CITY,TN 37614. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 171 IS 2 BP 177 EP 184 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(96)00018-2 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UR518 UT WOS:A1996UR51800006 PM 8666269 ER PT J AU Dackowski, WR Connors, TD Bowe, AE Stanton, V Housman, D Doggett, NA Landes, GM Klinger, KW AF Dackowski, WR Connors, TD Bowe, AE Stanton, V Housman, D Doggett, NA Landes, GM Klinger, KW TI The region surrounding the PKD1 gene: A 700-kb P1 contig from a YAC-deficient interval SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; FACTOR-BASED VECTOR; HUMAN GENOME; HUMAN DNA; FRAGMENTS; CLONING; CLONES; SEQUENCES; LINES AB As part of an effort to identify the gene responsible for the predominant form of polycystic kidney disease (PKDI), we used a gridded human Fl library for contig assembly. The interval of interest, a 700-kb segment on chromosome 16p13.3, can be physically delineated by the genetic markers D16S125 and D16S84 and chromosomally characterized as a GC-rich isochore enriched for CpG islands, genes, and Alu-like repeats. Our attempts to recover CEPH YACs that encode this region of chromosome 16 were unsuccessful. However, we screened an arrayed Pi library using 15 distinct probes from the D16S125-D16S84 interval and identified 56 independent P1 clones. Only one probe from the interval was unsuccessful in identifying a P1 clone. Forty-four P1 clones were determined to be unique based on restriction enzyme analysis, and 42 of these were found to originate from chromosome 16p13.3, based on FISH to metaphase chromosomes. The 700-kb interval could be defined by a single sequence-ready contig comprised of 12 Fl clones and 1 cosmid clone. Our studies support the use of multiple libraries to generate the requisite physical reagents for positional cloning and encourage the use of Escherichia coli-based large-insert cloning systems to recover clones from YAC-deficient chromosomal intervals. C1 INTEGRATED GENET INC,DEPT HUMAN GENET,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. MIT,CTR CANC RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK44853] NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 SN 1054-9803 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 6 IS 6 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1101/gr.6.6.515 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UQ899 UT WOS:A1996UQ89900005 PM 8828040 ER PT J AU Olsen, AS Georgescu, A Johnson, S Carrano, AV AF Olsen, AS Georgescu, A Johnson, S Carrano, AV TI Assembly of a 1-Mb restriction-mapped cosmid contig spanning the candidate region for Finnish congenital nephrosis (NPHS1) in 19q13.1 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article AB We describe the assembly of a 1-Mb cosmid contig and restriction map spanning the candidate region for Finnish congenital nephrosis (NPHS1) in 19q13.1. The map was constructed hom 16 smaller contigs assembled by fingerprinting, a BAC and a PAC clone, and 42 previously unmapped cosmids. In most cases, single-step cosmid walks were sufficient to join two previously assembled contigs, and all but one gap was filled from this cosmid contig library. The remaining gap of about 19 kb was spanned with a single BAC and a single PAC clone. EcoRI mapping of a dense set of overlapping clones validated the assembly of the map and indicated a length of 1040 kb for the contig. This high-resolution clone map provides an ideal resource for gene identification through cDNA selection, exon trapping, and DNA sequencing. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Olsen, AS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 2 BP 223 EP 225 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0270 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UP846 UT WOS:A1996UP84600011 PM 8661053 ER PT J AU Brooks, SC Taylor, DL Jardine, PM AF Brooks, SC Taylor, DL Jardine, PM TI Reactive transport of EDTA-complexed cobalt in the presence of ferrihydrite SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID MIGRATION; ADSORPTION; COLUMNS; SOILS; IRON AB Many low-level radioactive wastes, historically disposed in shallow land trenches, are ill-defined mixtures of radionuclides and organic chelating agents. The observed migration of nuclides, such as Co-60, away from burial sites has been attributed, in part, to the formation of aqueous complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The stability of Co-EDTA complexes, and thus the fate and transport of Co-60 in the subsurface, is strongly dependent on the oxidation state of cobalt (log K(Co(II)EDTA) = 18.3; log K(Co(III)EDTA) = 43.9). The factors that control the oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III) in subsurface environments are not well understood. We conducted a series of column flow experiments to provide an improved understanding of the geochemical processes that control the reactive transport of cobalt in the subsurface. A solution of 0.2 mM Co(II)EDTA(2-) in 5 mM CaCl2 was passed through saturated columns that were packed with ferrihydrite (Fe(OH)(3))-coated SiO2. During transport through the column, a portion of the Co(II)EDTA(2-) was oxidized to Co(III)EDTA(-); the amount of oxidation reached a steady-state under oxic conditions. Transport of the oxidized species, Co(III)EDTA(-), was substantially more rapid than the transport of Co(II)EDTA(2-). The retardation of both Co-EDTA species and the extent of cobalt oxidation increased as the pH decreased. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the association of Co(II)EDTA(2-) with the ferrihydrite surface is essential for the charge-transfer involved in the oxidation reaction. Co(III)EDTA(-) exhibited less retardation because this monovalent anion had a lower affinity for the surface than the divalent Co(II)EDTA(2-). At faster flow rate, the retardation of Co(II)EDTA(2-) decreased whereas Co(III)EDTA(-) breakthrough occurred later; the amount of Co(III)EDTA(-) formed decreased with increasing flow rate. Under anoxic conditions, the oxidation of Co(II)EDTA(2-) was decreased, but was not eliminated, suggesting that ferric iron may serve as an oxidant in the system. The loss of oxidative sites under continuous exposure to Co(II)EDTA(2-) and the blocking of oxidative sites by ions residing on the ferrihydrite surface resulted in a slow decline in the amount of oxidation under anoxic conditions. The oxidation of Co(II)EDTA(2-) effectively competed with other geochemical reactions such as the Fe(III)-induced dissociation of Co(II)EDTA(2-) complexes under oxic and anoxic conditions. These results indicate that an iron mineral can be more important for the formation of Co(III)EDTA(2-) in the subsurface than the mineral is important for the dissociation of Co(II)EDTA(-) and the concomitant formation of Fe(III)EDTA(-). The results suggest that conditions of pH and flow rate that inhibit the formation of the very stable Co (III)EDTA(-) also promote the undesirable rapid transport of Co(II)EDTA(2-), posing a challenge to the selection of future waste sites and the development of remedial strategies for existing sites impacted by EDTA-complexed Co-60. RP Brooks, SC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, POB 2008, MS 6038, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012 OI Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788 NR 27 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN PY 1996 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1899 EP 1908 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00064-6 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UP835 UT WOS:A1996UP83500004 ER PT J AU Gu, BH Mehlhorn, TL Liang, LY McCarthy, JF AF Gu, BH Mehlhorn, TL Liang, LY McCarthy, JF TI Competitive adsorption, displacement, and transport of organic matter on iron oxide .1. Competitive adsorption SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION INTERFACE; GOETHITE ALPHA-FEOOH; POLYACRYLIC-ACID; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CARBON; WATER; COMPLEXES; COLUMNS; AQUIFER; RIVER AB Different organic compounds or fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) show different adsorption affinities (K) and capacities (qm) on mineral surfaces. We hypothesize that these different organic compounds or fractions compete for adsorption when surface adsorption sites are limited. In this study, competitive adsorption of binary mixtures of Suwannee River NOM (SR-NOM), polyacrylic acid (PAA), phthalic acid, and salicylic acid on iron oxide was investigated at a constant solid:solution ratio, temperature, and pressure, but at varying C weight fractions, pH, and solution concentrations of the mixture. Results revealed that, in general, PAA is the most competitive whereas SR-NOM is more competitive than phthalic and salicylic acids. The competitive adsorption of these organic compounds is pH-dependent. Ar pH < 4, PAA becomes less competitive than SR-NOM or phthalic and salicylic acids. The competition among these organic compounds may be related to their carboxyl functional groups and their molecular structure. The overall strong competitiveness of PAA at pH > 4 in comparison with other organics is attributed to its high carboxyl density and linear molecular structure, which promote strong surface complexation with iron oxide. Because of the heterogeneity or polydispersity of NOM, this research indicates that NOM partitioning and transport in the subsurface soil environment are influenced by the dynamic competitive interactions between NOM subcomponents (or fractions). This process ultimately influences the distribution, interaction, and cotransport of contaminants and mineral colloids that are associated with NOM. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,MS6036,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324 NR 31 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 5 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN PY 1996 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1943 EP 1950 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00059-2 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UP835 UT WOS:A1996UP83500008 ER PT J AU Runde, W Neu, MP Clark, DL AF Runde, W Neu, MP Clark, DL TI Neptunium(V) hydrolysis and carbonate complexation: Experimental and predicted neptunyl solubility in concentrated NaCl using the Pitzer approach SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID 25-DEGREES-C AB The solid-liquid equilibrium of Np(V) has been studied in NaCl at 25 degrees C and 0.01 atm CO2. The equilibrium solids were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, and the Np(V) solution species were characterized using NIR absorption spectroscopy. The solid phases NaNpO2CO3 . nH(2)O at [CO32-] < 10(-3) M and Na3NpO2(CO3)(2) . nH(2)O at [CO32-] > 10(-3) M were found as solubility-limiting solid equilibrium phases. Pure Np(V) carbonate complexes were formed in solution; hydroxo, bicarbonato, or mixed hydroxocarbonato Np(V) complexes were determined not to be significant. The comparison of Np(V) solubility data in NaCl and NaClO4 solutions indicated a stabilization of Np(V) in solution due to the interaction with chloride ions. Absorption spectra of NpO2+ and NpO2CO3- in 5 M NaCl were shifted slightly towards higher wavelengths, also suggesting an interaction with chloride ions. The Fitter approach was applied to parameterize experimental data and to predict Np(V) solubility in brine solutions. The activity of water changes with electrolyte concentration; thus incorporation of the reported molecules of hydration water in NaNpO2CO3 . nH(2)O (n = 3.5) to determine the chemical potential of this solid improved the agreement between predicted solubility and experimental data. NaNpO2CO3 . nH(2)O and NaAmO2CO3 . nH(2)O showed the same solubility in 3 and 5 M NaCl. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Runde, W (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,GLENN T SEABORG INST TRANSACTINIUM SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011 NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN PY 1996 VL 60 IS 12 BP 2065 EP 2073 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00081-6 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UR780 UT WOS:A1996UR78000001 ER PT J AU Fischer, TP Arehart, GB Sturchio, NC Williams, SN AF Fischer, TP Arehart, GB Sturchio, NC Williams, SN TI The relationship between fumarole gas composition and eruptive activity at Galeras volcano, Colombia SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISLAND; WATER AB Forecasting volcanic eruptions is critical to the mitigation of hazards for the millions of people living dangerously close to active volcanoes. Volcanic gases collected over five years from Galeras Volcano, Colombia, and analyzed for chemical and isotopic composition show the effects of long-term degassing of the magma body and a gradual decline in sulfur content of the gases. In contrast, short-term (weeks), sharp variations are the precursors to explosive eruptions. Selective absorption of magmatic SO2 and HCl due to interaction with low-temperature geothermal waters allows the gas emissions to become dominated by CO,. Absorption appears to precede an eruption because magmatic volatiles are slowed or retained by a sealing carapace, reducing the total flux of volatiles and allowing the hydrothermal volatiles to dominate gas emissions. Temporal changes in gas compositions were correlated with eruptive activity and provide new evidence bearing on the mechanism of this type of ''pneumatic'' explosive eruptions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Fischer, TP (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 6 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 6 BP 531 EP 534 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0531:TRBFGC>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA UQ197 UT WOS:A1996UQ19700013 ER PT J AU Dethier, DP Reneau, SL AF Dethier, DP Reneau, SL TI Lacustrine chronology links late pleistocene climate change and mass movements in northern New Mexico SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMERICA AB Well-dated lacustrine deposits in northern White Rock Canyon, New Mexico, record damming of the Rio Grande by at least four separate failures of a slump complex between about 17.5 and 12.4 ka (C-14), linking mass movements to a period of rapid climate change in the western United States, Failure of metastable slumps probably resulted from removal of lateral support during down-cutting and erosion by the Rio Grande and from a decrease in resisting forces due to increased pore pressures, Our chronology suggests that the lake that formed between 17.5 and 15.0 ka may record effects of both glacial melt and pluvial activity (mainly enhanced rainfall); the youngest lake (similar to 12.4 ka) may record pluvial runoff; and the intermediate lakes (13.7 to 13.1 ka) may record pluvial and minor melt-water activity, We have not found lacustrine deposits younger than about 12.4 ka, The record of geomorphic response along the Rio Grande suggests that late Pleistocene climatic changes may have triggered similar mass movements elsewhere in the Southwest. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GEOL & GEOCHEM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Dethier, DP (reprint author), WILLIAMS COLL,DEPT GEOL,WILLIAMSTOWN,MA 01267, USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 6 BP 539 EP 542 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0539:LCLLPC>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA UQ197 UT WOS:A1996UQ19700015 ER PT J AU Zhao, XP Turco, RP Kao, CYJ Elliott, S AF Zhao, XP Turco, RP Kao, CYJ Elliott, S TI Numerical simulation of the dynamical response of the Arctic vortex to aerosol-associated chemical perturbations in the lower stratosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB A general circulation model has been coupled interactively to a stratospheric photochemistry model to study the dynamical response of the Arctic polar vortex to ozone depletion catalyzed by volcanic aerosols. It is found that temperatures may be depressed by as much as 3-7 K in late March in the lower stratosphere at northern mid- and high-latitudes owing to ozone-radiation-dynamics feedback effects. A corresponding delay in the breakdown of the stratospheric vortex (that is, the final warming) is predicted. Further, a dipole-like anomaly in the zonal-mean zonal wind, extending downward from the stratosphere into the troposphere, is found. In the model, the reduced solar heating in late winter and early spring associated with aerosol ozone depletion acts as a trigger for the net cooling that is observed. However, a major part of the cooling is related to anomalies induced in the circulation of the lower stratosphere. Our simulations demonstrate the close coupling between the dynamics and chemistry of the lower stratosphere, and the complexity in analyzing cause and effect related to perturbations in this region. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Zhao, XP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,406 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1525 EP 1528 DI 10.1029/96GL01072 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UP857 UT WOS:A1996UP85700019 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BM Truesdell, AH AF Kennedy, BM Truesdell, AH TI The Northwest Geysers high-temperature reservoir: Evidence for active magmatic degassing and implications for the origin of the Geysers geothermal field SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE The Geysers; high-temperature reservoir; magmatic fluids; noble gas isotopes; USA ID LONG VALLEY CALDERA; NOBLE-GASES; HELIUM-ISOTOPES; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; VOLCANIC GASES; MANTLE; RIDGE; CRUSTAL; YELLOWSTONE; SOLUBILITY AB Noble gas isotope abundances in steam from the Coldwater Creek field of the Northwest Geysers, California, show mixing between a nearly pure mid-ocean ridge (MOR) type magmatic gas with high He-3/He-4 and low radiogenic (40*) Ar (R/Ra > 8.3 and (40*) Ar/He-4 < 0.07), and a magmatic gas diluted with crustal gas (R/Ra < 6.6 and (40*) Ar/He-4 > 0.25). The He-3-enriched component is positively correlated with He-4/(40*) Ar ratios, total helium to non-condensable gas ratios, and the ratios of total helium to atmospheric noble,eases, and is accompanied by mantle-like He-3/CO2 and He-4/(36) Ar ratios. The steam samples most enriched in this high He-3 component are produced from a high-temperature reservoir (HTR) and are also the most enriched in total gas and HCl. These results support the hypothesis of active magma degassing beneath the Northwest Geysers, suggest that a significant fraction of the non-condensable gases produced with steam from the HTR is magmatic, and add new constraints to genetic models of the system and its evolution. The intensity of the magmatic signal is inconsistent with deep boiling of connate or metamorphic waters and suggests active magma degassing. A correlation between magmatic helium and non-condensable gases implies that the HTR high-gas component is also magmatic and that the formation of the HTR was possibly related to magmatic intrusion. Magmatic input is unlikely to decline on the time scale of production, but injection of water into the HTR would have multiple benefits: (1) pressure and steam flow would increase; (2) gas concentrations would decrease by dilution with low-gas steam from vaporized liquid; and (3) HCl in steam would be removed once a liquid phase is established. High He-3/He-4 ratios in steam produced from the reservoirs in the southern parts of The Geysers suggest the presence of a similar HTR underlying these portions of the field. Monitoring of 3He content may provide early warning of potential pressure drawdown and entry of corrosive, high-gas HTR steam. Copyright (C) 1996 CNR. C1 ENTROPY INC,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP Kennedy, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 68 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD JUN PY 1996 VL 25 IS 3 BP 365 EP 387 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA UT914 UT WOS:A1996UT91400004 ER PT J AU Schmitz, B Asaro, F AF Schmitz, B Asaro, F TI A six metre expanded iridium anomaly in the lowermost Danian at Nye Klov, Denmark: The record of diffusion and reworking SO GFF LA English DT Editorial Material ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; EXTINCTION C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Schmitz, B (reprint author), CTR EARTH SCI,DEPT MARINE GEOL,S-41381 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SWEDISH SCIENCE PRESS PI UPPSALA PA BOX 118, S751 04 UPPSALA, SWEDEN SN 1103-5897 J9 GFF JI GFF PD JUN PY 1996 VL 118 BP 124 EP 125 PN 2 PG 2 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA UY860 UT WOS:A1996UY86000015 ER PT J AU Baldocchi, D Valentini, R Running, S Oechel, W Dahlman, R AF Baldocchi, D Valentini, R Running, S Oechel, W Dahlman, R TI Strategies for measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biogeochemistry; carbon balance; carbon dioxide; CO2 flux monitoring network; eddy covariance ID OPEN-PATH; CO2; FORESTS; HEAT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TRANSPIRATION; BIOSPHERE; SATELLITE; ANALYZER; INCREASE AB Continuous and direct measurements of ecosystem carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes can improve our ability to close regional and global carbon and hydrological budgets. On this behalf, an international and multidisciplinary group of scientists (micrometeorologists, ecophysiologists and biogeochemists) assembled at La Thuile, Italy to convene a workshop on 'Strategies for Monitoring and Modelling CO2 and Water Vapour Fluxes over Terrestrial Ecosystems'. Over the course of the week talks and discussions focused on: (i) the results from recent field studies on the annual cycle of carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems; (ii) the problems and pitfalls associated with making long-term flux measurements; (iii) alternative methods for assessing ecosystem carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes; (iv) how direct and continuous carbon dioxide and water vapour flux measurements could be used by the ecological and biogeochemical modelling communities; and (v) if,how and where to proceed with establishing a network of long-term flux measurement sites. This report discusses the purpose of the meeting and summarizes the conclusions drawn from the discussions by the attending scientists. There was a consensus that recent advances in instrumentation and software make possible long-term measurements of carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems. At this writing, eight research teams have conducted long-term carbon dioxide and water vapour flux experiments and more long-term studies are anticipated. The participants advocated an experimental design that would make longterm flux measurement valuable to a wider community of modelers, biogeochemists and ecologists. A network of carbon dioxide and water vapour flux measurement stations should include ancillary measurements of meteorological, ecological and biological variables. To assess spatial representativeness of the long term and tower-based flux measurements, periodic aircraft-based flux experiments and satellite-based assessments of land cover were recommended. Occasional cuvette-based measurements of leaf-level carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes were endorsed to provide information on the biological control of surface fluxes. They can also provide data to parameterize ecophysiological models. Flask sampling of stable carbon isotopes was advocated to extend the flux measurements to the global scale. C1 UNIV TUSCIA,DEPT FOREST SCI & ENVIRONM DISAFRI,I-01100 VITERBO,ITALY. UNIV MONTANA,SCH FORESTRY,MISSOULA,MT 59812. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,GLOBAL CHANGE RES GRP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. US DOE,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20545. RP Baldocchi, D (reprint author), NOAA,ATMOSPHER TURBULENCE & DIFFUS DIV,POB 2456,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Oechel, Walter/F-9361-2010; Valentini, Riccardo/D-1226-2010 OI Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Oechel, Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X; Valentini, Riccardo/0000-0002-6756-5634 NR 32 TC 242 Z9 275 U1 3 U2 52 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 3 BP 159 EP 168 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00069.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UT344 UT WOS:A1996UT34400001 ER PT J AU Crawford, TL Dobosy, RJ McMillen, RT Vogel, CA Hicks, BB AF Crawford, TL Dobosy, RJ McMillen, RT Vogel, CA Hicks, BB TI Air-surface exchange measurement in heterogeneous regions: Extending tower observations with spatial structure observed from small aircraft SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air-surface exchange; aircraft; atmosphere; flux; inhomogeneous; measurement ID FLUX MEASUREMENTS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SENSIBLE HEAT; WATER-VAPOR; TURBULENCE; PROBE; OZONE; SEA AB Strategies to assess long-term atmosphere-ecosystem exchange of CO2 and H2O must deal not only with time trends but also with spatial variability. Flux towers efficiently measure time trends, but only at discrete sites, always limited in number. Representativeness of these sites and the causes of spatial variation between sites are difficult to investigate from tower data alone. Such issues are better addressed with flux measurements from moving vehicles, particularly aircraft. Recent technological advancements in aircraft and instrumentation now allow mobile flux measurement with enhanced precision, greater ease, and lower cost. Results are presented which illustrate the importance of spatial variability, and some suggestions are given for assessment of flux-tower representativeness. Unfortunately, airborne observations of the kind presented here are practical only during a part of the daylight hours in brief intensive field campaigns. Extrapolation of spatial-structure information derived from these measurements to night-time or to long-term averages thus remains problematic. For the foreseeable future this extrapolation will require models that faithfully simulate both space and time characteristics of H2O and CO2 exchange. The development and validation of such models will be greatly enhanced by the increased availability of measurements from moving vehicles, which record spatial as well as temporal structure. C1 OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,ATMOSPHER TURBULENCE & DIFFUS DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. RI Dobosy, Ronald/C-3303-2016 OI Dobosy, Ronald/0000-0001-8399-8774 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 3 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00079.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UT344 UT WOS:A1996UT34400011 ER PT J AU Thompson, JL AF Thompson, JL TI Radionuclide sorption on well construction materials SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID CASING MATERIALS AB Laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the extent to which trace concentrations of radioactive materials would sorb on well construction materials and to assess the rapidity with which sorption would occur. The radionuclides employed in these studies were tritium, Cs-137, and Co-57. Solutions with trace concentrations of these radionuclides were contacted with casings of PVC, fiberglass-epoxy. The PVC showed no interaction with the tritium or Cs-137 during contact times of two hours to three weeks; however, it did sorb Co-57. The fiberglass-epoxy also interacted only with the cobalt. The stainless steel sorbed cesium and cobalt. The carbon steel (or the ferric hydroxide forming on its surface) also sorbed both cesium and cobalt. The epoxy-coated steel rods did not interact measurably with any of the radio-nuclides so long as the coating was intact. The sorption reactions generally were apparent after a few days of contact; in the case of carbon steel, they were detectable in a few hours. RP Thompson, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CST-7,MSJ514,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 163 EP 167 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1996.tb00146.x PG 5 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA VD821 UT WOS:A1996VD82100010 ER PT J AU Cronkite, EP AF Cronkite, EP TI Accolade SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material RP Cronkite, EP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 777 EP 779 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900004 PM 8635900 ER PT J AU Fry, RJM AF Fry, RJM TI Effects of low doses of radiation SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cancer; risk estimates; dose; radiation effects ID URANIUM MINERS; LUNG-CANCER; IRRADIATION; SURVIVAL AB This is a brief review of what is known from experimental studies about the effects of low doses of radiation, and approaches that might improve risk estimates are discussed. The dose-response relationships for cancer induction by radiation vary markedly between tissues. The evidence suggests that 1) the induction of the initial events is dependent on the cell type because the size and/or the number of targets and how the cells handle the initial lesions differs between cell types; and 2) there are marked differences among tissues how initial lesions are expressed and proceed to overt cancer. The recent findings about adaptive responses are discussed in the context of what they contribute to our understanding about the response to irradiation. Lastly, the possibility of extending the approach of determining ''The probability of causation,'' which Vic Bond played such an important role in establishing, is raised. RP Fry, RJM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, POB 2009, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 823 EP 827 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00006 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900011 PM 8635906 ER PT J AU Zaider, M Varma, MN AF Zaider, M Varma, MN TI Carcinogenic risk coefficients at environmental levels of radon exposures: A microdosimetric approach SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE microdosimetry; cancer; radon; exposure, radiation ID DAUGHTERS AB We report a microdosimetric-based evaluation of the effects of domestic exposure to radon. The risk coefficients obtained here are based on the microdosimetry of radon progeny alpha particles, on a function gel for in vivo radiogenic neoplasia, and on scaling A-bomb results (epidemiology + microdosimetry) to radon exposure. We do not use miner data, nor do we invoke such notions as quality factors, dose equivalent or equivalent dose. With basal cells as targets our estimated risk coefficients are in good agreement with the miner data, and thus a quality factor of about 20 (as suggested by ICRP 60) is not unreasonable, However, if we take as targets the secretory cells our risk coefficients are twice as large as those reported by BEIR-IV. The main uncertainty in these estimates remains the dosimetric model. C1 US DOE, WASHINGTON, DC 20545 USA. RP Zaider, M (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG, DEPT RADIAT ONCOL, 630 W 168TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10032 USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 837 EP 844 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00009 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900014 PM 8635909 ER PT J AU Feinendegen, LE Bond, VP Sondhaus, CA AF Feinendegen, LE Bond, VP Sondhaus, CA TI Relative biological effectiveness of ionizing radiations determined in tissue (RBE) fails in assessing comparative relative effectiveness in the tissue cells SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE relative biological effectiveness; radiation, ionizing; tissue, body; dose, absorbed AB The value of the RBE of a test radiation is conventionally determined against a known standard radiation for a chosen response of a selected biological tissue and is expressed as the ratio of tissue absorbed doses at equal effect, or as ratio of magnitudes of the effect at equal absorbed dose, If such an effect is observable as a consequence of responses of individual elements of this tissue, namely the cells, such as induction of cancer that arises from a single cell, the relative biological effectiveness should be expressed as the ratio of the incidences of the effects at equal mean absorbed dose to the cells rather than at equal absorbed dose to tissue, This cell based relative biological effectiveness is here termed the relative local efficiency, Since tissue absorbed dose is a product of the number of energy deposition events in cells of that tissue (N-H) and the mean absorbed dose to these cells in the exposed tissue (<(z)over bar (1)>), per tissue mass equal tissue absorbed doses from different radiation qualities have different values of N-H and <(z)over bar (1)>, As a result, for pink mutations in Tradescantia cells, the relative biological effectiveness of 0.43 MeV neutrons is 48 but the relative local efficiency in fact is 2.8. C1 UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT RADIOL, TUCSON, AZ 85724 USA. RP Feinendegen, LE (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 852 EP 858 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00011 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900016 PM 8635911 ER PT J AU Hamilton, LD AF Hamilton, LD TI Various approaches to damage assessment SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation, low-level; exposure, radiation; risk estimates; radiation protection ID LUNG-CANCER MORTALITY; URANIUM-MINE; WORKERS; EXPOSURE; COHORT; SITE AB There are two main approaches used to assess the damage to human health from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation. The first is a realistic best-estimate approach. The second is performed in support of the development of radiation standards to protect workers and the public, and tends to overestimate risk. This paper reviews these approaches to damage assessments as they have been applied to the development of radiation protection standards and current estimates of risk. Technical issues affected by these two different approaches include use of the linear hypothesis, use of relative and absolute risk projection models, dose-rate effectiveness factor, appropriateness of data sets, and the transfer of risks between populations. The prudent approach may be justified for radiation protection purposes, but scientific estimates of risk should reflect the state-of-the-science and include estimates of uncertainty. RP Hamilton, LD (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, BIOMED & ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT GRP, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 859 EP 867 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00012 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900017 PM 8635912 ER PT J AU Sondhaus, CA Bond, VP Feinendegen, LE AF Sondhaus, CA Bond, VP Feinendegen, LE TI The use of cell-oriented factors and the hit size effectiveness function in radiation protection SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE microdosimetry; radiation, ionizing; radiation protection; exposure, radiation AB It has long been argued that ionizing radiation can be considered to interact with matter in discrete, randomly occurring energy transferring events (''hits'') and that the resulting microscopically nonuniform pattern of energy deposition strongly influences the biological effect of a given exposure, Microdosimetric measurements combined with cellular biological response data in the form of a ''hit size effectiveness function'' (HSEF) suggest a possible cell-oriented alternative method of correlating exposure with effect at low levels of any radiation or mixture of radiations. The instrumentation required, the validity of the approach, and its practical usefulness in radiation protection are examined, and its application to space radiation exposure is proposed as a test case. C1 UNIV ARIZONA, RADIAT CONTROL OFF, TUCSON, AZ 85724 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. US DOE, OFF HLTH EFFECTS RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20585 USA. RP Sondhaus, CA (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT RADIOL, TUCSON, AZ 85724 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 868 EP 876 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00013 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900018 PM 8635913 ER PT J AU Bond, VP Wielopolski, L Shani, G AF Bond, VP Wielopolski, L Shani, G TI Current misinterpretations of the linear no-threshold hypothesis SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE linear hypothesis; tissue sampling; radiation protection; cancer AB Contrary to the ''linear no threshold hypothesis,'' which implies that ''any amount, however small'' of radiation energy is a serious cancer threat, it is shown here that only relatively quite large amounts of such energy can pose such a threat to a person or population. Key to doing this is to make a sharp distinction between the actual amount of the radiation agent imparted energy, epsilon, which must be expressed in units of joules, and the average concentration or density of energy, epsilon/m (i.e, absorbed dose), which is expressed in units of Gy. With any cellular system, ag., in tissue culture, one can easily adjust the numbers of cells used at each dose point so that a clearly significant number of radiation-induced quantal responses (e.g., mutations, chromosome aberrations, malignant transformations, cell death), in the absorbed dose range of about 0.7 to 3 or more Gy, can be observed. However, if the number of cells is held constant as the absorbed dose is progressively reduced, a point is reached at which no significant excess is observable. This situation is frequently ''remedied'' by including more cells at that point, which, of course, can increase the number of malignant transformations sufficiently to render the excess statistically valid. However, because both axes are expressed in relative terms, the data point, despite having gained statistical significance, remains at the same location on the graph. This gives the false impression that no more of the agent energy was added or needed to achieve significance. However, if both coordinates are put in absolute terms, i.e., the actual number of quantal responses vs. imparted energy, and the same exercise of ''improving the statistics'' at low exposures is attempted, it then becomes evident that any point thus rendered significant must be relocated at a substantially higher energy point on the graph. This demonstrates unequivocally the fallacy in the proof of the 'linear hypothesis'' which is based on agent concentration response curves and not agent amount, It shows that the smaller the agent concentration (absorbed dose; epsilon/m), the larger the amount of radiation energy that must be added to the system in order to demonstrate a radiation-induced response. This suggests a minimum average energy requirement for production of a radiation-attributable cancer. It is concluded that the 'linear hypothesis'' should be abandoned as the cornerstone of radiation protection and practice. C1 BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV, IL-84105 BEER SHEVA, ISRAEL. RP Bond, VP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 6 BP 877 EP 882 DI 10.1097/00004032-199606000-00014 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UM829 UT WOS:A1996UM82900019 PM 8635914 ER PT J AU Simpson, G Klasmeier, M Hill, H Atkinson, D Radolovich, G LopezAvila, V Jones, TL AF Simpson, G Klasmeier, M Hill, H Atkinson, D Radolovich, G LopezAvila, V Jones, TL TI Evaluation of gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry for monitoring vinyl chloride and other chlorinated and aromatic compounds in air samples SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE vinyl chloride; ion mobility spectrometry; GC/IMS; chemical field screening; environmental chemical analysis; chemical analysis of air AB The objective of this research was to evaluate, in the laboratory, the potential of gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) for monitoring vinyl chloride and other organic compounds in air samples in the field, It was determined that GC/IMS has the potential to directly detect vinyl chloride in air at the 2 ppbv level, and when concentrated on an adsorbent trap from a 1 L sample of air, detection could be Lowered to the 0.02 ppbv level, From a comparative investigation of 18 EPA priority pollutants and 34 common vapor-phase organic compounds, many compounds mere found to provide a more sensitive response in IMS than vinyl chloride, indicating that GC/IMS would be broadly applicable to the direct detection of vapor-phase organics in air. Operating parameters including drift gas, spectrometer temperature, and sample-inlet position were evaluated and discussed with respect to sensitivity and resolution, High temperature dramatically increased sensitivity to vinyl chloride, Vinyl chloride was shown to produce both negative and positive ion mobility spectra, with the negative-mode spectra resulting from electron-capture dissociation of the vinyl chloride, The limit of detection for vinyl chloride was found to be 7 pg/s, Limits of detection for 18 EPA priority pollutants were determined and compared to vinyl chloride, The responses of 34 other vapor-phase organic compounds were also compared to that of vinyl chloride, Non-selective, positive-ion detection of 30 of the 34 compounds was demonstrated along with selective, electron-capture-type detection of 29 of them, Chloride-specific and bromide-specific detection illustrated the advantages of selected-ion monitoring in IMS. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83403 USA. MIDWEST RES INST, KANSAS CITY, MO 64110 USA. MIDWEST RES INST, CALIF OPERAT, MT VIEW, CA 94043 USA. US EPA, ENVIRONM MONITORING SYST LAB, LAS VEGAS, NV 89119 USA. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 19 IS 6 BP 301 EP 312 DI 10.1002/jhrc.1240190602 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA VA016 UT WOS:A1996VA01600001 ER PT J AU Suter, GW AF Suter, GW TI Abuse of hypothesis testing statistics in ecological risk assessment SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; statistics; causality; inference; hypothesis testing ID IMPACT ASSESSMENT; POWER ANALYSIS; PSEUDOREPLICATION; BACI AB Statistical hypothesis testing is commonly used inappropriately to analyze data, determine causality, and make decisions about significance in ecological risk assessment. Hypothesis testing is conceptually inappropriate in that it is designed to test scientific hypotheses rather than to estimate risks. It is inappropriate for analysis of field studies because it requires replication and random assignment of treatments. It discourages good toxicity testing and field studies, it provides less protection to ecosystems or their components that are difficult to sample or replicate, and it provides less protection when more treatments or responses are used. It provides a poor basis for decision-making because it does not generate a conclusion of no effect, it does not indicate the nature or magnitude of effects, it does not address effects at untested exposure levels, and it confounds effects and uncertainty. Attempts to make hypothesis testing less problematical cannot solve these problems. Rather, risk assessors should focus on analyzing the relationship between exposure and effects, on presenting a clear estimate of expected or observed effects and associated uncertainties, and on providing the information in a manner that is useful to decision-makers and the public. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 35 TC 53 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 15 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 2 BP 331 EP 347 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA WC991 UT WOS:A1996WC99100013 ER PT J AU Corey, GP AF Corey, GP TI Energy storage solutions for premium power SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB Most utility power quality problems are caused by sags, surges, and momentary outages which last from several cycles to several seconds. Modern loads are very sensitive to these short duration glitches resulting in major losses in revenue through system down-time and loss of product from work in process. Many of these problems are caused by normal transients as equipment and factories go on-line or shut down. Others are caused by lightening strikes and faults on the distribution system. Although power utility companies attempt to minimize the interruptions through filtering and system management, power quality problems continue to cost American industry billions of dollars a year. Batteries have been used for many years in uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) to protect critical loads. However, because many new facilities have a network of broadly distributed critical loads, a UPS on the order of one to several megawatts is needed to support the total plant rather than several small kilowatt installations. This paper reports on the implementation of such a utility scale power quality management system. RP Corey, GP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,BATTERY ANAL & EVALUAT DEPT,POB 5800,MS-0613,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 41 EP 44 DI 10.1109/62.500209 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UN431 UT WOS:A1996UN43100010 ER PT J AU Dongarra, J AF Dongarra, J TI Future linear-algebra libraries SO IEEE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Dongarra, J (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,104 AYRES HALL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 1070-9924 J9 IEEE COMPUT SCI ENG JI IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 38 EP 40 DI 10.1109/99.503308 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics GA UR190 UT WOS:A1996UR19000013 ER PT J AU Deloach, LD Page, RH Wilke, GD Payne, SA Krupke, WF AF Deloach, LD Page, RH Wilke, GD Payne, SA Krupke, WF TI Transition metal-doped zinc chalcogenides: Spectroscopy and laser demonstration of a new class of gain media SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ZNSE AB The absorption and emission properties of transition metal (TM)-doped zinc chalcogenides have been investigated to understand their potential application as room-temperature, midinfrared tunable laser media, Crystals of ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe, individually doped with Cr2+, Co2+, Ni2+, or Fe,(2+) have been evaluated, The absorption and emission properties are presented and discussed in terms of the energy levels from which they arise. The absorption spectra of the crystals studied exhibit strong bands between 1.4 and 2.0 mu m which overlap with the output of strained-layer InGaAs diodes. The room-temperature emission spectra reveal wide-band emissions from 2-3 mu m for Cr and from 2.8-4.0 mu m for Co. Cr luminesces strongly at room temperature; Co exhibits significant losses from nonradiative decay at temperatures above 200 K, and Ni and Fe only luminesce at low temperatures, Cr2+ is estimated to have the highest quantum yield at room temperature among the media investigated with values of similar to 75-100%. Laser demonstrations of Cr:ZnS and Cr:ZnSe have been performed in a laser-pumped laser cavity with a Co:MgF2 pump laser, The output of both lasers were determined to peak at wavelengths near 2.35 mu m, and both lasers demonstrated a maximum slope efficiency of approximately 20%, Based on these initial results, the Cr2+ ion is predicted to be a highly favorable laser ion for the mid-IR when doped into the zinc chalogenides; Co2+ may also serve usefully, but laser demonstrations yet remain to be performed. RP Deloach, LD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 34 TC 397 Z9 405 U1 9 U2 65 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 32 IS 6 BP 885 EP 895 DI 10.1109/3.502365 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA UN398 UT WOS:A1996UN39800001 ER PT J AU Hall, E Kravitz, J Ramaswami, R Halvorson, M Tenbrink, S Thomsen, R AF Hall, E Kravitz, J Ramaswami, R Halvorson, M Tenbrink, S Thomsen, R TI The Rainbow-II gigabit optical network SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB This paper describes the Rainbow-II optical metropolitan area network (MAN), which supports 32 nodes each at 1 Gbit/s over a distance of 10-20 km, Rainbow-II uses optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), in a broadcast star architecture, Each node uses a separate fixed wavelength for transmitting data and a tunable receiver for receiving one of several data streams, The network is implemented in the form of optical network nodes, each attached to a host computer via the high-performance parallel interface (HIPPI). Each network node contains protocol processing hardware to offload the protocol processing work from the host computer onto the node, The goal is to provide full gigabit-per-second bandwidth to end-user supercomputer applications, Preliminary protocol performance measurements in a testbed network are given. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Hall, E (reprint author), IBM CORP,TJ WATSON RES CTR,HAWTHORNE,NY 10532, USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 14 IS 5 BP 814 EP 823 DI 10.1109/49.510905 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA UP971 UT WOS:A1996UP97100005 ER PT J AU Lear, KL Schneider, RP Choquette, KD Kilcoyne, SP AF Lear, KL Schneider, RP Choquette, KD Kilcoyne, SP TI Index guiding dependent effects in implant and oxide confined vertical-cavity lasers SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE EMITTING LASERS AB Implant and oxide confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers are compared in terms of properties dependent upon the nature of index guiding in the two structures including CW threshold current scaling with size, light-current linearity, pulsed operation delay, and beam profiles, The oxide confined lasers, fabricated by wet thermal oxidation, have a built-in index guide and thus exhibit substantially better properties than do lasers from the same wafer fabricated by proton implantation which rely on a thermal lens to reduce diffraction losses. RP Lear, KL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PHOTON RES DEPT 1312,MS 0603,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 6 BP 740 EP 742 DI 10.1109/68.502079 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA UM665 UT WOS:A1996UM66500002 ER PT J AU Lee, KY Lund, B Ytterdal, T Robertson, P Martinez, EJ Robertson, J Shur, MS AF Lee, KY Lund, B Ytterdal, T Robertson, P Martinez, EJ Robertson, J Shur, MS TI Enhanced CAD model for gate leakage current in heterostructure field effect transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article AB A simple and accurate circuit model for Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (HFET's) is proposed to simulate both the gate and the drain current characteristics accounting for hot-electron effects on gate current and the effect of the gate current on the channel current, An analytical equation that describes the effective electron temperature is developed in a simple form, This equation is suitable for implementation in circuit simulators, The model describes both the drain and gate currents at high gate bias voltages, It has been implemented in our circuit simulator AIM-Spice, and good agreement between simulated and measured results is achieved for enhancement-mode HFET's fabricated in different laboratories, The proposed equivalent circuit and model equations are applicable to other compound semiconductor FET's, i.e., GaAs MESFET's. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. ROGALAND RES,N-4004 STAVANGER,NORWAY. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87158. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Lee, KY (reprint author), CHUNGBUK NATL UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SAN 48 GAESHIN DONG,CHEONGJU 360763,SOUTH KOREA. RI Shur, Michael/A-4374-2016 OI Shur, Michael/0000-0003-0976-6232 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 845 EP 851 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA UM679 UT WOS:A1996UM67900001 ER PT J AU Zhang, YM Zemanian, AH AF Zhang, YM Zemanian, AH TI A simple formula for the concentration of charge on a three-dimensional corner of a conductor SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID CAPACITANCE COMPUTATIONS; INTERCONNECTIONS AB A major problem in the computation of capacitance coefficients for microwave transmission and VLSI interconnection systems is caused by the singularities in the electric field at the corners and edges of conductors. For edges, a solution is given by the Duncan correction, which is based on a two-dimensional (2-D) polar expansion of the field. No such exact expansion exists for corners. Recent research by Beagles and Whiteman has yielded an asymptotic expansion for the electric field In the vicinity of a rectangular three-dimensional conductive corner, and this is used to derive a simple formula for the charge Q (in coulombs) concentrated at any such corner. The formula is Q = 1.307 epsilon d(V-c - V-s), where epsilon is the dielectric permittivity (in farads per meter) of the medium surrounding the conductive corner, d is the length (in meters) of one Side of a cubic region situated on the conductor adjacent to the corner, V-c is the electric potential (in volts) of the conductor, and V-s is the electric potential at a point in the medium displaced from the corner's apex along a line through the cube's diagonal and at a distance equal to that diagonal. Q is the charge on the cube's three surfaces lying along the conductor's surfaces. Such a configuration is convenient for a finite-difference computation of capacitance. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP Zhang, YM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 6 BP 975 EP 979 DI 10.1109/22.506640 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UQ576 UT WOS:A1996UQ57600027 ER PT J AU Fleetwood, DM AF Fleetwood, DM TI Fast and slow border traps in MOS devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd European Symposium on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS 95) CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL ARCACHON, FRANCE SP CNES, RADECS Assoc, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR CAPACITORS; POSITIVE CHARGE; SILICON DIOXIDE; INTERFACE STATES; THIN-FILMS; DEFECTS; SIO2; GENERATION; BEHAVIOR; CENTERS AB Convergent lines of evidence are reviewed which show that near-interfacial oxide traps (border traps) that exchange charge with the Si can strongly affect the performance, radiation response, and long-term reliability of MOS devices. Observable effects of border traps include capacitance-voltage (C-V) hysteresis, enhanced 1/f noise, compensation of trapped holes, and increased thermally stimulated current in MOS capacitors. Effects of faster (switching times between similar to 10(-6) s and similar to 1 s) and slower (switching times greater than similar to 1 s) border traps have been resolved via a dual-transistor technique. In conjunction with studies of MOS electrical response, electron paramagnetic resonance and spin dependent recombination studies suggest that E' defects (trivalent Si centers in SiO2 associated with O vacancies) can function as border traps in MOS devices exposed to ionizing radiation or high-field stress. Hydrogen-related centers may also be border traps. RP Fleetwood, DM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1332,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 60 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 779 EP 786 DI 10.1109/23.510713 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT042 UT WOS:A1996UT04200003 ER PT J AU Shaneyfelt, MR Winokur, PS Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Reber, RA AF Shaneyfelt, MR Winokur, PS Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Reber, RA TI Effects of reliability screens on MOS charge trapping SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd European Symposium on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS 95) CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL ARCACHON, FRANCE SP CNES, RADECS Assoc, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID HARDNESS ASSURANCE; DEVICES; TRANSISTORS; ICS AB The effects of pre-irradiation elevated-temperature bias stresses on the radiation hardness of field-oxide transistors have been investigated as a function of stress temperature, time, and bias. Both the stress temperature and time are found to have a significant impact on radiation-induced charge buildup in these transistors. Specifically, an increase in either the stress temperature or; time causes a much larger negative shift (towards depletion) in the I-V characteristics of the n-channel field-oxide transistors. This increased shift in the transistor I-V characteristics with stress temperature and time suggests that the mechanisms responsible for the stress effects are thermally activated. An activation energy of similar to 0.38 eV was measured. The stress bias was found to have no impact on radiation-induced charge buildup in these transistors. The observed stress temperature, time, and bias dependencies appears to be consistent with the diffusion of molecular hydrogen during a given stress period. These results have important implications for the development of hardness assurance test methods. RP Shaneyfelt, MR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 865 EP 872 DI 10.1109/23.510726 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT042 UT WOS:A1996UT04200016 ER PT J AU Brau, JE AF Brau, JE TI VXD3: The SLD vertex detector upgrade based on a 307 MPixel CCD system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB The SLD upgrade CCD vertex detector (VXD3) is described. Its 307 million pixels are assembled from 96 3.2 Mpixel CCDs of 13 cm(2) each. The system has evolved from the pioneering CCD vertex detector VXD2, which has operated in SLD since 1992. The CCDs of VXD3 are mounted on beryllium ladders in three cylinders, providing three space point measurements along each track of about 5 microns resolution in all three co-ordinates. Significant improvements are achieved with VXD3 in impact parameter resolution (about a factor of two) and acceptance (similar to 20%) through optimized geometry and reduced material. New readout electronics have been developed for this system. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Brau, JE (reprint author), UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1107 EP 1112 DI 10.1109/23.506646 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400005 ER PT J AU Baumbaugh, B Bertram, I Bross, A Choi, S Chung, M Grunendahl, S Kang, JS Kim, CL Kim, SK Koltick, D Lobkowicz, F Margulies, S Park, Y Pischalnikov, Y Ruchti, R Solomon, J Warchol, J Wayne, M Yu, Y AF Baumbaugh, B Bertram, I Bross, A Choi, S Chung, M Grunendahl, S Kang, JS Kim, CL Kim, SK Koltick, D Lobkowicz, F Margulies, S Park, Y Pischalnikov, Y Ruchti, R Solomon, J Warchol, J Wayne, M Yu, Y TI Performance of a large scale scintillating fiber tracker using VLPC readout SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB We report on results of a cosmic ray test of a scintillating fiber tracker using Visible Light Photon Counter (VLPC) readout. Two different detector configurations have been constructed and operated, the first with a total of 3,072 channels and the second with 1,785 channels. The 3,072 channel system is a prototype for the D0 detector tracking upgrade and represents a configuration that is similar to that in the final detector. The second, smaller test was specifically designed to study the position resolution capabilities of the fiber tracker. A description of the cosmic ray test including trigger, fiber configuration, undoped lightguides, VLPC cassettes and cryogenics, and calibration system is given. Final results from the 3,072 channel test will be presented, including measurements of resolution, light yield per minimum ionizing particle, singlet and doublet efficiency, and long-term stability. Resolution results from the second, 1,785 channel test will be compared to the predicted resolution from Monte Carlo studies. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60612. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,JINJU,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL 151742,SOUTH KOREA. RP Baumbaugh, B (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015 OI Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1146 EP 1152 DI 10.1109/23.506653 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400012 ER PT J AU Chung, M Margulies, S AF Chung, M Margulies, S TI Development of a multichannel fiber-to-fiber optical connector for the DO upgrade tracker SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A tracking detector using scintillating fibers is being developed for the DO collaboration at Fermilab. The scintillating fibers will be coupled to clear fibers that will transport light to the photodetectors. We have developed connectors which couple the two types of fibers. The first 128-channel prototypes were machined using Delrin plastic to have v-shaped grooves. Fibers were glued into the grooves and their ends were finished with diamond fly-cut tools. Mating connectors were optically coupled by optical grease. Using a green light-emitting diode and a silicon photodiode, we measured average light transmission between 97% and 99%. Later versions of the v-groove connectors were made of acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene plastic by injection molding. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60612. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSANG UNIV,JINJU,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL 151,SOUTH KOREA. RP Chung, M (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,845 W TAYLOR ST,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1153 EP 1156 DI 10.1109/23.506654 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400013 ER PT J AU Hong, WS Cho, HS PerezMendez, V Kadyk, J Luk, KB AF Hong, WS Cho, HS PerezMendez, V Kadyk, J Luk, KB TI Microstrip gas chambers fabrication based on amorphous silicon and its carbon alloy SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID PERFORMANCE AB Thin (similar to 1000 Angstrom) semiconducting films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and its carbon alloy (a-Si:C:H) were applied to microstrip gas chambers in order to control gain instabilities due to charges in or on the substrate. The surface resistivity has been successfully controlled in the range of 10(12) similar to 10(16) Omega/square by changing the relative amount of the carbon content and boron doping level. The light sensitivity, which is defined as the ratio of light-to-dark conductivity, was reduced to nearly unity by doping. Gas gains of similar to 2000 and energy resolution of 20% FWHM were achieved and the gain remained constant over a week of operation. Upon prolonged irradiation, the detector overcoated with a-Si:C:H aged more slowly by approximately an order of magnitude than the one without surface coating. A-SI:C:H film is an attractive alternative to ion-implanted or semiconducting glass due to the wide range of resistivities possible and the feasibility of making deposits over a large area at low cost. RP Hong, WS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1165 EP 1169 DI 10.1109/23.506657 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400016 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, S Anderson, J Andresen, J Barsotti, E Chramowicz, J Duerling, G Gao, M Gonzalez, H Haynes, B Knopf, W Treptow, K Walsh, D Zmuda, T Huffman, T Shepard, P Gay, C Harder, S Hill, H Huth, J OKane, J Oliver, J Robins, H Spiropulu, M Strohmer, R Gold, M Thomas, T AF Zimmermann, S Anderson, J Andresen, J Barsotti, E Chramowicz, J Duerling, G Gao, M Gonzalez, H Haynes, B Knopf, W Treptow, K Walsh, D Zmuda, T Huffman, T Shepard, P Gay, C Harder, S Hill, H Huth, J OKane, J Oliver, J Robins, H Spiropulu, M Strohmer, R Gold, M Thomas, T TI Test stand for the silicon vertex detector of the collider detector facility SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A test stand for the next generation of the Silicon Vertex Detector (SVX-II) of the Collider Detector Facility (CDF) at Fermilab has been developed. It is capable of performing cosmic ray, beam, and laser pulsing tests on silicon strip detectors using the new generation of SVX chips. The test stand is composed of a SGI workstation. a VME CPU the Silicon Test Acquisition and Readout (STAR) board, the Test Fiber Interface Board (TFIB), and the Test Port Card (TPC). The STAR mediates between external stimuli for the different tests and produces appropriate high level commands which are sent to the TFIB. The TFIB, in conjunction with the TPC, translates these commands into the correct logic levels to control the SVX chips. The four modes of operation of the SVX chips are configuration, data acquisition, digitization, and data readout. The data read out from the SVX chips is transferred to the STAR. The STAR can then be accessed by the VME CPU and the SGI workstation for future analyses. The detailed description of this test stand will be given. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Zimmermann, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1170 EP 1174 DI 10.1109/23.506658 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400017 ER PT J AU Arodzero, A Brau, JE Frey, RE Gao, D Kollipara, RT Langston, M Mason, D Sinev, N Strom, D Yang, X Brooks, M Lee, D Mills, G AF Arodzero, A Brau, JE Frey, RE Gao, D Kollipara, RT Langston, M Mason, D Sinev, N Strom, D Yang, X Brooks, M Lee, D Mills, G TI Beam test of prototype 18 cm silicon-strip detectors with high speed electronics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A prototype silicon microstrip detector for the GEM general purpose detector proposed for the Super Collider was assembled and tested in the laboratory with radioactive sources and an IR-Laser, and at SLAG in a 25 GeV electron beam. The system was designed for performance in the GEM environment: 60 MHz bunch crossing at 10(33) luminosity with inner barrel occupancies of 0.16%. Signals from the strips were amplified by custom designed high-speed, low-power, low-noise, low-mass, integrated microelectronics. The mechanical design of the GEM tracker motivated the selection of long (18 cm) strip lengths (achieved by wire-bonding three 6 cm long detectors). Evaluation of the test beam and laboratory results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Arodzero, A (reprint author), UNIV OREGON,DEPT PHYS,EUGENE,OR 97403, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1180 EP 1187 DI 10.1109/23.506660 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400019 ER PT J AU Cho, HS Hong, WS Palaio, N Kadyk, J Luk, KB PerezMendez, V AF Cho, HS Hong, WS Palaio, N Kadyk, J Luk, KB PerezMendez, V TI Microgap gas chamber studies SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB Hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si:C:H) has been used as an insulating support pedestal for the anode strip in microgap gas chambers (MGCs) in an attempt to make a thicker high quality insulating layer. MGCs having 2.3 or 4.6 mu m thick a-Si:C:H and 2.0 mu m thick SiO2 insulating layers have been built and tested. In this paper, the results of gas gains, strip damage by discharges, and preliminary aging studies are presented. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Cho, HS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUCL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1227 EP 1231 DI 10.1109/23.506668 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400027 ER PT J AU Beuville, E Cork, C Earnest, T Mar, W Millaud, J Nygren, D Padmore, H Turko, B Zizka, G Datte, P Xuong, NH AF Beuville, E Cork, C Earnest, T Mar, W Millaud, J Nygren, D Padmore, H Turko, B Zizka, G Datte, P Xuong, NH TI A 2D smart Pixel Detector for Time Resolved protein Crystallography SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A smart pixel detector is being developed for Time Resolved Crystallography for biological and material science applications. Using the Pixel Detector presented here, the Laue method will. enable the study of the evolution of structural changes that occur within the protein as a function of time. The x-ray pixellated detector is assembled to the integrated circuit through a bump bonding process. Within a pixel size of 150x150 mu m(2), a low noise preamplifier-shaper, a discriminator, a 3 bit counter and the readout logic are integrated The read out, based on the Column Architecture principle, will accept hit rates above 5x10(8)/cm(2)/s with a maximum hit rate per pixel of 1MHz. This detector will allow time resolved Laue crystallography to be performed in a frameless operation mode, without dead time. Target specifications, architecture and preliminary results on the 8x8 front-end prototype and the column readout are presented. RP Beuville, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 2 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1243 EP 1247 DI 10.1109/23.506671 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400030 ER PT J AU Woody, CL Stoll, SP Kierstead, JA AF Woody, CL Stoll, SP Kierstead, JA TI Observation of fast scintillation light in a PbF2:Gd crystal SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 95) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID LEAD FLUORIDE; CALORIMETRY AB A weak scintillation emission has been observed in a lead fluoride crystal doped with 0.15% gadolinium (PbF2:Gd). The scintillation is produced by two emission peaks, one at similar to 278 nm, and another at similar to 311 nm, which, when combined with the Cherenkov light produced in the crystal, results in a total light yield of 4-6 photoelectrons per MeV on a bialkali photocathode phototube. This is approximately 3-4 times the intensity of the pure Cherenkov light produced in an undoped lead fluoride crystal. The decay time for the observed light output was found to be similar to 18 ns with no appreciable slow component. The total light yield of PbF2Gd is comparable to that of lead tungstate, and, because of the lack of a slow component, could make it attractive for certain high rate applications. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1303 EP 1306 DI 10.1109/23.507054 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400042 ER PT J AU dosSantos, JMF Veloso, JFCA Lopes, JAM Morgado, RE AF dosSantos, JMF Veloso, JFCA Lopes, JAM Morgado, RE TI A simple method to improve the spatial uniformity of venetian-blind photomultiplier tubes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID PROPORTIONAL SCINTILLATION-COUNTERS; PERFORMANCE; DETECTORS AB An improvement in the uniformity of venetian-blind photomultiplier tubes has been achieved by reducing the voltage difference between the first and second dynodes. The method has been applied to a gas proportional scintillation counter (GPSC) instrumented with a venetian-blind photomultiplier (PMT). When exposed to a 20-mm collimated 5.9-keV x-ray beam, an overall improvement in energy resolution for the GPSC/PMT combination from 20% to 11.5% was achieved. An alternative method that reduces the photocathode-to-first-dynode voltage was less effective and resulted in a severe degradation of detector energy resolution. C1 INST SUPER ENGN COIMBRA,COIMBRA,PORTUGAL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP dosSantos, JMF (reprint author), UNIV COIMBRA,DEPT PHYS,COIMBRA,PORTUGAL. RI veloso, joao/J-4478-2013; matias-lopes, jose/H-6074-2012; dos Santos, Joaquim/B-3058-2015; OI matias-lopes, jose/0000-0002-6366-2963; Veloso, Joao/0000-0002-7107-7203; dos Santos, Joaquim Marques Ferreira/0000-0002-8841-6523 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1335 EP 1340 DI 10.1109/23.507061 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400049 ER PT J AU Fink, CL Humm, PG Martin, MM Micklich, BJ AF Fink, CL Humm, PG Martin, MM Micklich, BJ TI Evaluation of few-view reconstruction parameters for illicit substance detection using fast-neutron transmission spectroscopy SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB We have evaluated the performance of an illicit substance detection system that performs image reconstruction using the Maximum Likelihood algebraic reconstruction algorithm, a few number of projections, and relatively coarse projection and pixel resolution. This evaluation was done using receiver operator curves and simulated data from the fast-neutron transmission spectroscopy system operated in a mode to detect explosives in luggage. The results show that increasing the number of projection angles is more important than increasing the projection resolution, the reconstructed pixel resolution, or the number of iterations in the Maximum Likelihood algorithm. A 100% detection efficiency with essentially no false positives is possible for a square block of RDX explosive, a projection resolution of 2 cm, a reconstructed pixel size of 2x2 cm, and five projection angles. For rectangular shaped explosives more angles are required to obtain the same system performance. RP Fink, CL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1352 EP 1356 DI 10.1109/23.507064 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400052 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Lindsay, JT Brannon, CC Olsen, RW AF McGregor, DS Lindsay, JT Brannon, CC Olsen, RW TI Semi-insulating bulk GaAs thermal neutron imaging arrays SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID DETECTORS AB Prototype thermal neutron imaging arrays have been fabricated from semi-insulating (SI) bulk GaAs. The arrays are 1 mm square Schottky diodes arranged in a 5 x 5 matrix. GaAs Schottky barrier radiation detectors are relatively radiation hard and can withstand higher neutron and gamma ray exposure fields than MOS-based Si diode imaging arrays. The devices use B-10 to convert incident thermal neutrons to energetic Li ions and alpha particles. The truncated field effect observed with SI bulk GaAs detectors produces high and low field regions in the device. Electron-hole pairs produced in the active (or high field) region of the device contribute to the observed induced charge, whereas electron-hole pairs produced in the low field region contribute very little to the induced charge. The effect is manipulated to reduce the background gamma ray interaction rate in the devices. Preliminary results show no indication of device degradation after exposure to a total thermal neutron fluence of 1.73 x 10(13) n/cm(2). Images have been formed of 1, 1.5, and 2 mm holes and crosses from 2 mm thick Cd templates. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,PHOENIX MEM LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9162,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1357 EP 1364 DI 10.1109/23.507065 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400053 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Chui, HC Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Flatley, JE Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H Wang, CL AF McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Chui, HC Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Flatley, JE Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H Wang, CL TI The investigation of custom grown vertical zone melt semi-insulating bulk gallium arsenide as a radiation spectrometer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID LIQUID-ENCAPSULATED CZOCHRALSKI; GAAS; COMPENSATION AB Vertical zone melt (VZM) bulk GaAs boules have been zone refined (ZR) and zone leveled (ZL) to reduce EL2 deep donor levels and impurity concentrations with the intent of improving properties for gamma ray detectors. ZR and ZL GaAs boules had background impurity levels and deep donor EL2 concentrations near or below detectable limits. The crystal mosaic of the material at locations near the seed end was slightly superior to commercial liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) material, and nearly equivalent to commercial vertical gradient freeze (VGF) material. The crystal mosaic in ZL material degraded towards the tail end. The homogeneity of the electrical properties for the ZL and ZR VZM material was inferior compared to commercially available bulk GaAs material. Post growth annealing may help to homogenize some electrical properties of the material. The charge collection efficiency of the ZR GaAs detectors was only 30% maximum, and only 25% maximum for the ZL GaAs detectors. Resulting gamma ray spectra was poor from detectors fabricated with the ZL or ZR VZM material. Detectors fabricated from material that was both ZR and ZL did not demonstrate gamma ray resolution, and operated mainly as counters. The poor spectroscopic performance is presently attributed to the inhomogeneity of the electrical properties of the ZR and ZL GaAs materials. Comparisons are made with detectors fabricated from VGF SI bulk GaAs. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. DETECTRONIX,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,RES CTR,DAYTON,OH 45435. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9162,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1397 EP 1406 DI 10.1109/23.507073 PN 2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400061 ER PT J AU Lund, JC Olsen, R VanScyoc, JM James, RB AF Lund, JC Olsen, R VanScyoc, JM James, RB TI The use of pulse processing techniques to improve the performance of Cd1-xZnxTe gamma-ray spectrometers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) has recently shown great promise for use as a room temperature gamma-ray detector material. The availability of large volume (> 1 cm(3)) high resistivity CZT crystals has allowed the demonstration of detectors much larger than can be built with the similar material CdTe. However, CZT - like many other room-temperature materials - suffers from the poor transport properties of holes. The poor hole drift properties of CZT cause the characteristic ''hole tailing'' in gamma-ray pulse height spectra. We have applied pulse processing methods to reduce the hole tailing effects and improve the energy resolution of CZT detectors. We have used two signal processing methods to reduce hole tailing in CZT detectors: digital rise-time compensation and dual time-constant sampling. We discuss the implementation of these techniques, demonstrate results obtained in the laboratory, and compare the performance obtained with other detector systems. RP Lund, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 8 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1411 EP 1416 DI 10.1109/23.507075 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400063 ER PT J AU Dias, THVT Santos, FP dosSantos, JMF Lopes, JAM Veloso, JFCA Rachinhas, PJBM Morgado, RE Stauffer, AD Conde, CAN AF Dias, THVT Santos, FP dosSantos, JMF Lopes, JAM Veloso, JFCA Rachinhas, PJBM Morgado, RE Stauffer, AD Conde, CAN TI The response of xenon X-ray detectors to full-energy absorption and fluorescence-escape events: Measurement and modelling SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID SCINTILLATION PROPORTIONAL COUNTER; GASEOUS XENON; GAS; PERFORMANCE; FLIGHT; RANGE AB We have observed that the pulse-height distributions of x-ray events that deposit essentially the same amount of energy in a xenon gas detector will vary according to the deexcitation pathways available to the photoionized atoms. A xenon gas proportional scintillation counter was used to compare the pulse-height distributions of events in which fluorescence x-rays from xenon escape detection. Experimental results are presented and the behaviour for different types of events is clarified using Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that particular care must be taken when using escape peaks for energy calibration of xenon gas detectors. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. YORK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TORONTO,ON M3J 1P3,CANADA. RP Dias, THVT (reprint author), UNIV COIMBRA,DEPT FIS,P-3000 COIMBRA,PORTUGAL. RI veloso, joao/J-4478-2013; matias-lopes, jose/H-6074-2012; dos Santos, Joaquim/B-3058-2015; OI Santos, Filomena/0000-0002-0214-4185; matias-lopes, jose/0000-0002-6366-2963; Dias, Teresa/0000-0001-5101-4902; Conde, Carlos/0000-0002-1387-2161; Veloso, Joao/0000-0002-7107-7203; dos Santos, Joaquim Marques Ferreira/0000-0002-8841-6523 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1432 EP 1441 DI 10.1109/23.507079 PN 2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400067 ER PT J AU Ludewigt, B Rossington, C Kipnis, I Krieger, B AF Ludewigt, B Rossington, C Kipnis, I Krieger, B TI Progress in multi-element silicon detectors for synchrotron XRF applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB Multi-element silicon strip detectors, in conjunction with integrated circuit pulse-processing electronics, offer an attractive alternative to conventional lithium-drifted silicon and high purity germanium detectors for high count rate, low noise synchrotron x-ray fluorescence applications. We have been developing these types of detectors specifically for low noise synchrotron applications, such as extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, microprobe x-ray fluorescence and total reflection x-ray fluorescence. The current version of the 192-element detector and integrated circuit preamplifier, cooled to -25 degrees C with a single-stage thermoelectric cooler, achieves an energy resolution of <200 eV full width of half maximum (FWHM) per channel (at 5.9 keV, 2 mu s peaking time), and each detector element is designed to handle similar to 20 Id-It count rate. The detector system will soon be completed to 64 channels using new application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) amplifier chips, new CAMAC (Computer Automated Measurement and Control standard) analog-to-digital converters recently developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), CAMAC histogramming modules, and Macintosh-based data acquisition software. We report on the characteristics of this detector system, and the work in progress towards the next generation system. RP Ludewigt, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1442 EP 1445 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400068 ER PT J AU Cork, CP Landis, DA Luke, PN Madden, NW Malone, DF Pehl, RH AF Cork, CP Landis, DA Luke, PN Madden, NW Malone, DF Pehl, RH TI Encapsulation of germanium detectors for space flight SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A hermetic enclosure for a high-purity germanium detector was developed as part of the detector assembly for the Transient Gamma-Ray Spectrometer flown on the WIND satellite. High G forces during launch (similar to 100G), long term stability (lifetime of at least 5 years), passive cooling and low energy photon detection were critical parameters addressed. These design parameters dictated rigid containment of the detector and the selection of enclosure materials, hermetic high voltage and signal feedthroughs, electrical contacts to the detector and enclosure seals. Sealing of the germanium detector within a valveless hermetic enclosure was achieved with a custom vacuum bell-jar press equipped with a vacuum isolated hydraulic ram. Both vacuum and nitrogen gas filled encapsulations (pressurized to 2 atmospheres) were examined; nitrogen gas filled encapsulations were more rugged. RP Cork, CP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1463 EP 1466 DI 10.1109/23.507084 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400072 ER PT J AU Luke, PN Eissler, EE AF Luke, PN Eissler, EE TI Performance of CdZnTe coplanar-grid gamma-ray detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB The spectral performance of coplanar grid detectors using currently available CdZnTe materials is examined theoretically and experimentally. Calculated spectral response based on the typical carrier mobility-lifetime products of current CdZnTe materials shows that energy resolution close to the charge statistics limit can be achieved. Charge-transport nonuniformity, which may limit the spectral performance of present detectors, is studied using alpha particle scanning. C1 EV PROD,SAXONBURG,PA 16056. RP Luke, PN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 2 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1481 EP 1486 DI 10.1109/23.507088 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400076 ER PT J AU David, G Kistenev, E Patwa, A Stoll, S White, S Woody, C Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Chernichenkov, S Denisov, A Gilitzky, Y Kochetkov, V Melnikov, Y Onuchin, V Semenov, V Shelikhov, V Soldatov, A AF David, G Kistenev, E Patwa, A Stoll, S White, S Woody, C Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Chernichenkov, S Denisov, A Gilitzky, Y Kochetkov, V Melnikov, Y Onuchin, V Semenov, V Shelikhov, V Soldatov, A TI Performance of the PHENIX EM calorimeter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB The PHENIX Electromagnetic Calorimeter is a large 15,552 channel lead/scintillator sampling calorimeter based on the shish-kebab optical readout technique[1]. In this report we summarise studies leading to an optimal design for measurement of photons and electrons in the 1 GeV momentum range within the high multiplicity environment expected for events at RHIC. Timing resolutions of similar to 100 ps and a sampling dominated energy resolution of 8% at 1 GeV are featured. We also present a novel scheme for monitoring gain and timing of our entire system. Test results with a 144 channel preproduction ''super-module'' exposed to electron and hadron beams at the AGS are described. The calorimeter is currently under construction in Russia and the US and will be fully installed at RHIC during 1998. C1 INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. RP David, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1491 EP 1495 DI 10.1109/23.507090 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400078 ER PT J AU Allbritton, GL Andersen, H Barnes, A Christian, ER Cummings, AC Dougherty, BL Jensen, L Lee, J Leske, RA Madden, MP Mewaldt, R Milliken, B Nahory, BW ODonnell, R Schmidt, P Sears, BR vonRosenvinge, TT Walton, JT Wiedenbeck, ME Wong, YK AF Allbritton, GL Andersen, H Barnes, A Christian, ER Cummings, AC Dougherty, BL Jensen, L Lee, J Leske, RA Madden, MP Mewaldt, R Milliken, B Nahory, BW ODonnell, R Schmidt, P Sears, BR vonRosenvinge, TT Walton, JT Wiedenbeck, ME Wong, YK TI Large diameter lithium compensated silicon detectors for the NASA Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) mission SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 95) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID SI(LI) DETECTORS AB Fabrication of the 100 mm diameter, 3 mm thick Lithium-compensated silicon, Si(Li), detectors for the Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) instrument on board the ACE satellite required development of: new float-zone silicon growing techniques, new Si(Li) fabrication procedures, and new particle beam testing sequences. These developments are discussed and results are presented that illustrate the advances made in realizing these CRIS Si(Li) detectors, which, when operational in the CRlS detector telescopes, will usher in a new generation of cosmic-ray isotope spectrometers. C1 TOPSIL SEMICOND MAT, FREDERIKSSUND, DENMARK. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. RP CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RI Christian, Eric/D-4974-2012 OI Christian, Eric/0000-0003-2134-3937 NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1505 EP 1509 DI 10.1109/23.507093 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400081 ER PT J AU Truscott, PR Evans, HE Dyer, CS Peerless, CL Flatman, JC Cosby, M Knight, P Moss, CE AF Truscott, PR Evans, HE Dyer, CS Peerless, CL Flatman, JC Cosby, M Knight, P Moss, CE TI Comparison of activation effects in gamma-ray detector materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB Activation induced by cosmic and trapped radiation in gamma-ray detector materials represents a significant source of background for space-based detector systems. Selection of detector materials should therefore include consideration of this background source. Results are presented from measurements of induced radioactivity in different scintillators activated either as a result of irradiation by mono-energetic protons at accelerator facilities, or flight on beard the Space Shuttle. Radiation transport computer codes are used to help compare the effects observed from the scintillators, by identifying and quantifying the influence on the background spectra from more than one hundred of the radionuclides produced by spallation. For the space experiment data, the simulation results also permit determination of the contributions to detector activation from the different sources of radiation in the Shuttle cabin. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENTS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Truscott, PR (reprint author), DEF RES AGCY,DEPT SPACE,FARNBOROUGH GU14 6TD,HANTS,ENGLAND. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1510 EP 1515 DI 10.1109/23.507094 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400082 ER PT J AU Aryaeinejad, R Dardenne, YX Cole, JD Caffrey, AJ AF Aryaeinejad, R Dardenne, YX Cole, JD Caffrey, AJ TI Palm-size low-level neutron sensor for radiation monitoring SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB We have developed a new technique for the detection of neutrons in the presence of a high gamma-ray background. This was accomplished by using two lithium-loaded glass scintillators (Li-6/Li-7) in combination. The neutron capture reaction in Li-6 has a very high Q-value which means better discrimination against gamma-ray background. The Li-7 detector, on the other hand, is neutron insensitive and was used to measure separately the gamma contribution in a mixed neutron-gamma field. By subtracting this gamma contribution from the 6Li data, which is sensitive to both gamma rays and neutrons, one can obtain the pure neutron counts. RP Aryaeinejad, R (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. RI Caffrey, Augustine/C-2005-2009 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1539 EP 1543 DI 10.1109/23.507099 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400087 ER PT J AU Britton, CL Wintenberg, AL Young, GR Awes, TC Womac, M Kennedy, EJ Smith, RS AF Britton, CL Wintenberg, AL Young, GR Awes, TC Womac, M Kennedy, EJ Smith, RS TI Post-radiation memory correction using differential subtraction for PHENIX SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB In colliders such as RHIC, the radiation levels are well below those of colliders such as LHC. If the radiation that is present affects the entire analog memory unit (AMU) in a uniform fashion, then a real-time correction should be able to be performed to correct any changes seen in the memory as well as the induced correlated noise from detector pickup, thus precluding the need for a more expensive rad-hard process. This paper will present testing on memories fabricated in a 'soft' process and exposed to ionizing radiation. We used a single pipeline as a reference to be subtracted on a cell-by-cell basis from each pipe during read out and investigated the spatial effects of using different pipes for the reference. Use of this method reduced the noise which was common to all pipes (common-mode noise) and thus reduced both common-mode input noise and pattern noise generated from address lines being exercised on the AMU. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Britton, CL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1564 EP 1569 DI 10.1109/23.507104 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400092 ER PT J AU Koenen, M Bruckner, J Fabian, U Kruse, H Wanke, H Schroeder, ANF Starr, R Evans, LG Trombka, JI Drake, DM Englert, PAJ Dempsey, J AF Koenen, M Bruckner, J Fabian, U Kruse, H Wanke, H Schroeder, ANF Starr, R Evans, LG Trombka, JI Drake, DM Englert, PAJ Dempsey, J TI Analysis of radiation damaged HPGe detectors with a new algorithm SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID FAST-NEUTRON DAMAGE AB After being irradiated by high-energy protons, the energy resolution of HPGe detectors degrade extensively. Resulting line shapes depend mostly on detector geometry and doping type. To improve the analysis of measured gamma-ray spectra of HPGe detectors, new algorithms were developed. Since trapping in radiation damaged HPGe detectors is predominantly hole trapping, the full energy peak is the integration of absorption events produced within the detector at various distances from the positive contact. Implementing that information into fit algorithms, peaks produced by detectors irradiated with 6 . 10(8) protons/cm(2) could be analyzed. The tailing structure at the low energy side was included in the algorithm. Analog algorithms were successfully applied to damaged coaxial detectors of either doping type. Using these algorithms, it was possible to evaluate transients in damaged detectors after having been exposed to room temperature. Also, the development of tail broadening could be examined. C1 UNIV COLOGNE,W-5000 COLOGNE,GERMANY. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. RP Koenen, M (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST CHEM,POSTFACH 3060,D-55020 MAINZ,GERMANY. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1570 EP 1575 DI 10.1109/23.507105 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400093 ER PT J AU Citterio, M Kierstead, J Rescia, S Radeka, V AF Citterio, M Kierstead, J Rescia, S Radeka, V TI Radiation effects on Si-JFET devices for front-end electronics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID LIMITS; NOISE AB Low noise monolithic silicon junction field effect transistors (Si-JFETs) have been exposed to Co-60 gamma-rays and to fast neutrons (1 MeV) to study radiation-induced effects on their de characteristics and noise. The devices have been irradiated and measured at a stable cryogenic temperature (T similar to 90 K) up to an integrated 550 kGy (55 Mrad) dose of gamma radiation and to a total fluence of 4x10(14) n/cm(2). At cryogenic temperatures, a variation in some of the dc characteristics of the transistors has been observed as a result of the neutron-induced lattice damage. The pinch-off voltage and the maximum drain current I-DSS are the most affected de parameters. A noise increase induced by either the gamma-ray or neutron irradiation has also been observed. The activation energies of some of the radiation-induced defects have been extracted from noise measurements at different temperatures after irradiation. Annealing effects on both de properties and noise have been observed while performing thermal cycles between cryogenic and room temperatures. RP Citterio, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Rescia, Sergio/D-8604-2011 OI Rescia, Sergio/0000-0003-2411-8903 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1576 EP 1584 DI 10.1109/23.507106 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400094 ER PT J AU Woody, CL Kierstead, JA Stoll, SP Zhu, RY Ma, DA Newman, HB AF Woody, CL Kierstead, JA Stoll, SP Zhu, RY Ma, DA Newman, HB TI A study of the optical and radiation damage properties of lead tungstate crystals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 95) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A study has been made of the optical and radiation damage properties of undoped and niobium doped lead tungstate crystals. Data were obtained on the optical absorbance, the intensity and decay time of the scintillation light output, and the radioluminescence and photoluminescence emission spectra. Radiation damage was studied in several undoped and niobium doped samples using Co-60 gamma ray irradiation. The change in optical absorption and observed scintillation light output was measured as a function of dose up to total cumulative doses on the order of 800 krad. The radiation induced phosphorescence and thermoluminescence was also measured, as well as recovery from damage by optical bleaching and thermal annealing. An investigation was also made to determine trace element impurities in several samples. C1 CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1585 EP 1589 DI 10.1109/23.507152 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400095 ER PT J AU Li, Z Ghislotti, G Kraner, HW Li, CJ Nielsen, B Feick, H Lindstroem, G AF Li, Z Ghislotti, G Kraner, HW Li, CJ Nielsen, B Feick, H Lindstroem, G TI Microscopic analysis of defects in a high resistivity silicon detector irradiated to 1.7x10(15)n/cm(2) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; JUNCTION AB Current-based microscopic defect analysis methods with optical filling techniques, namely current deep level transient spectroscopy (I-DLTS) and thermally stimulated current (TSC), have been used to study defect levels in a high resistivity silicon detector (p(+)-n-n(+)) induced by very high fluence neutron (VHFN) irradiation (1.7x10(15) n/cm(2)). As many as fourteen deep levels have been detected by I-DLTS. Arrhenius plots of the I-DLTS data have shown defects with energy levels ranging from 0.03 eV to 0.5 eV in the energy band gap. Defect concentrations of relatively shallow levels (E(t) < 0.33 eV) are in the order of 10(13)cm(-3), while those for relatively deep levels (E(t) > 0.33 eV) are in the order of 10(14) cm(-3). TSC data have shown similar defect spectra. A full depletion voltage of about 27,000 volts has been estimated by C-V measurements for the as-irradiated detector, which corresponds to an effective space charge density (N-eff) in the order of 2x10(14) cm(-3). Both detector leakage current and full depletion voltage have been observed to increase with elevated temperature annealing (ETA). The increase of the full depletion voltage corresponds to the increase of some deep levels, especially the 0.39 eV level. Results of positron annihilation spectroscopy have shown a decrease of total concentration of vacancy related defects including vacancy clusters with ETA, suggesting the breaking up of vacancy clusters as possible source of vacancies for the formation of single defects during the reverse anneal. C1 UNIV HAMBURG,HAMBURG,GERMANY. CHINESE ACAD SCI,INST SEMICOND,BEIJING 100083,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040 NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1590 EP 1598 DI 10.1109/23.507153 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400096 ER PT J AU Biggeri, U Borchi, E Bruzzi, M Lazanu, S Li, Z AF Biggeri, U Borchi, E Bruzzi, M Lazanu, S Li, Z TI Self annealing effect on neutron irradiated silicon detectors by hall effect analysis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 95) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB High resistivity n-type silicon samples have been irradiated with similar to 1MeV neutrons at fluences between 10(12) and 10(14) n/cm(-2). The radiation induced changes in Hall coefficient and resistivity have been analysed by Hall Effect measurement during a storage time of approximately seven months at room temperature. The Hall coefficient measured for the most irradiated samples, exposed to fluences higher than 4x10(13) cm(-2), has switched from negative to positive values approximately 200 days after the irradiation. This experimental evidence explains the reverse annealing effect observed in neutron irradiated silicon detectors as being related to the creation of a deep acceptor level which causes the change in conductivity from n to p-type of the irradiated silicon bulk during self annealing. The behaviour of irradiated devices has been analyzed with a model taking into account donor removal and acceptor creation. Results are in agreement with others obtained with different experimental techniques. C1 INST PHYS & TECHNOL MAT, BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP DIPARTIMENTO ENERGET, VIA S MARTA 3, I-50139 FLORENCE, ITALY. RI Lazanu, Sorina/B-7819-2012; Bruzzi, Mara/K-1326-2015 OI Lazanu, Sorina/0000-0003-0390-0779; Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1599 EP 1604 DI 10.1109/23.507154 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400097 ER PT J AU Haller, GM Freytag, DR AF Haller, GM Freytag, DR TI Analog floating-point BICMOS sampling chip and architecture of the BaBar CsI calorimeter front-end electronics system at the SLAC B-Factory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB The design and implementation of an analog floating-point sampling integrated circuit for the BaBar detector at the SLAG B-Factory is described. The CARE (Custom Auto-Range Encoding) circuit is part of an 18-bit dynamic range sampling system with a 4-MHz waveform digitization rate for the CsI calorimeter. The architecture and methodology of the system are described. The CARE integrated circuit receives dual-range (gain of 1 and 32) 13-bit signals from the 18-bit range preamplifiers mounted directly on the CsI crystals and converts the input at a rate of 4 MHz to an auto-range floating-point format with a 10-bit analog mantissa and 2 digital range bits (for 4 ranges). Additional functions integrated on the chip are averaging and selection circuitry for signals originating from two independent diodes per crystal and range-selection overwrite circuitry. The circuit will be mounted within the detector structure and thus low power dissipation is essential. The circuit has been fabricated in a 1.2-mu m BiCMOS process with polysilicon-to-polysilicon capacitors and polysilicon resistors. Measurement results are presented. One complete CARE channel dissipates 25 mW. RP Haller, GM (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1610 EP 1614 DI 10.1109/23.507156 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400099 ER PT J AU Moses, WW Beuville, E Ho, MH AF Moses, WW Beuville, E Ho, MH TI A ''Winner-Take-All'' IC for determining the crystal of interaction in PET detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB We present performance measurements of a ''Winner-Take-All'' (WTA) CMOS integrated circuit to be used with a pixel based PET detector module. Given n input voltages, it rapidly determines the input with the largest voltage, and outputs the encoded address of this input and a voltage proportional to this largest voltage. This is more desirable than a threshold approach for applications that require exactly one channel to be identified or when noise is a significant fraction of the input signal. A sixteen input prototype has been fabricated using two 1.2 mu m processes (HP linear MOS capacitance and Orbit double-poly capacitance). ICs from both processes reliably identify (within 50 ns) the maximum channel if Delta V (the difference between the two highest channels) is >20 mV. The key element in the WTA circuit is an array of high gain non-linear current amplifiers. There is one amplifier for each input channel, and each amplifier is composed of only two FETs. All amplifiers are supplied by a common, limited current source, so the channel with the largest input current takes all of this supply current while the other channels receive virtually none. Thus; these amplifier outputs become a set of logical bits that identify the maximum channel, which is encoded and used to select a multiplexer input. A voltage to current converter at each input channel turns this into a voltage sensitive device. This circuit uses very little power, drawing approximately 100 mu A at 5 V. RP Moses, WW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1615 EP 1618 DI 10.1109/23.507157 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400100 ER PT J AU Beuville, E Barale, P Bieser, F Hearn, W Klein, SR Lisa, MA Noggle, T Ritter, HG Vu, C Wieman, H AF Beuville, E Barale, P Bieser, F Hearn, W Klein, SR Lisa, MA Noggle, T Ritter, HG Vu, C Wieman, H TI A low noise amplifier-shaper with tail correction for the STAR detector SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT AB A 16 channel low noise amplifier shaper has been designed for the STAR particle detector of the RHIC accelerator. The STAR Amplifier-Shaper (SAS) includes a pole/zero network which cancels the long tail of the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) signal. The tail correction can be adjusted depending on the type of gas used in the TPC. The SAS equivalent noise charge is 900e(RMS) with 25 pf detector capacitance (the test board having 7.7 pF of parasitic capacitance), and with 80 ns shaping time (step response). The measured noise slope is 13.7e(RMS)/(P)E The shaper pulse FWHM is adjusted at 180 ns (detector response) with +/-4% variation over the entire dynamic range. The shaping time and the tail correction are adjusted with external voltages using MOS resistors. The gain is 16 mV/IC with a linearity of 4%. The crosstalk is about 0.36% which have a negligible effect on the position resolution. The circuit also includes an on-chip calibration system in which the test input charge is controlled by a DC voltage. The output buffer drives a 2 V swing on 50 pF output load for a total power consumption of less than 750 mW (+/-5 Volt supply). On-chip protection diodes have also been integrated. The full custom chip has been integrated in the CMOS ORBIT 1.2 mu m technology with double polysilicon capacitors. RP Beuville, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1619 EP 1622 DI 10.1109/23.507158 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400101 ER PT J AU Turko, BT Beuville, E Millaud, J Yaver, H AF Turko, BT Beuville, E Millaud, J Yaver, H TI A/D processing system for 64-element pixel detector SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A new, 8x8-element pixel detector array for time resolved protein crystallography has been developed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Each element has its own on-chip charge sensitive preamplifier and shaper with a peaking time of 100 ns. A total of 64 parallel analog to digital processing channels are required to support the detector. We describe a low-cost, low-power AD processing system, comprising a fast peak-sensing amplifier/stretcher, followed by a slower 12-bit ADC. Each channel also includes a histogramming memory for a fully stand-alone operation of the system. Circuit performance and test data are also presented. RP Turko, BT (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1623 EP 1625 DI 10.1109/23.507159 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400102 ER PT J AU Ericson, MN Musrock, MS Britton, CL Walker, JW Wintenberg, AL Young, GR Allen, MD AF Ericson, MN Musrock, MS Britton, CL Walker, JW Wintenberg, AL Young, GR Allen, MD TI A flexible analog memory address list manager for PHENIX SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A programmable analog memory address list manager has been developed for use with all analog memory-based detector subsystems of PHENIX. The unit provides simultaneous read/write control, cell write-over protection for both a Level-1 trigger decision delay and digitization latency, and re-ordering of AMU addresses following conversion, at a beam crossing rate of 105 ns. Addresses are handled such that up to 5 Level-1 (LVL-1) events can be maintained in the AMU without write-over. Data tagging is implemented for handling overlapping and shared beam-event data packets. Full usage in all PHENIX analog memory-based detector subsystems is accomplished by the use of detector-specific programmable parameters - the number of data samples per valid LVL-1 trigger and the sample spacing. Architectural candidates for the system are discussed with emphasis on implementation implications. Details of the design are presented including application specifics, timing information, and test results from a full implementation using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Ericson, MN (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1629 EP 1633 DI 10.1109/23.507161 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400104 ER PT J AU Maier, MR Ludewigt, B Rossington, C Yaver, H Zaninovich, J AF Maier, MR Ludewigt, B Rossington, C Yaver, H Zaninovich, J TI A sixteen channel peak sensing ADC for singles spectra in the FERA format SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB To read out multi-element small X-ray detectors for X-ray fluorescence applications with synchrotron radiation one needs the capability to record multiple singles spectra for each detector element at high rates. We have developed a sixteen channel 11 bit peak sensing ADC in a CAMAC module. We use the FERA readout bus to place the data into a commercially available histogramming module developed to generate multiple histograms from FERA ADCs. The sixteen channels digitize shaped pulses from the detectors without external gating. The digitizing time is 8 mu sec, the peak acquisition time is greater than or equal to 2 mu sec. The module contains a LIFO to permit block transfers in order to minimize dead times associated with the readout. There is a common CAMAC controlled analog threshold for noise suppression and a 16 bit mask to enable or disable individual ADCs. Differential non linearity is less than +8% / -4%. A gamma-ray spectrum collected using this ADC is presented. RP Maier, MR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1680 EP 1682 DI 10.1109/23.507170 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400113 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, T Sarraj, M AF Zimmerman, T Sarraj, M TI A second generation charge integrator and encoder ASIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A second generation charge integrator and encoder ASIC (QIE5) has been designed for the KTeV experiment at Fermilab. It is intended to be used in conjunction with a FADC (typically eight bits) to digitize photomultiplier tube (PMT) current pulses at a fast rate, with variable resolution over a 16 bit dynamic range. QIE5 integrates pulses of up to 30 ma peak on eight nonoverlapping binary scaled ranges. A system clock of up to 53 MHz controls the integration period and readout rate. The device is pipelined so that there is no signal deadtime. For each clock period, one range is selected depending on the signal magnitude, and the output of that range is routed to the QIE5 analog output and fed to the FADC to form the mantissa. The selected range is encoded and output as a three bit digital exponent. With this method, the measurement resolution is a relatively constant fraction of the signal over a large dynamic range. Previous reports have described a single ended device (QIE2) which had inherent limitations. The QIE5 is a fully differential design and contains numerous other features which provide significant performance improvements. The new design philosophy and test results are presented for the first time. RP Zimmerman, T (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 2 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1683 EP 1688 DI 10.1109/23.507171 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400114 ER PT J AU Simpson, ML Young, GR Jackson, RG Xu, M AF Simpson, ML Young, GR Jackson, RG Xu, M TI A monolithic, constant-fraction discriminator using distributed R-C delay line shaping SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID TIME AB A monolithic, CMOS, constant-fraction discriminator (CFD) was designed and fabricated in a 1.2-mu, N-well process. This circuit used an on-chip, distributed R-C delay line to realize the constant-fraction shaping. The delay line was constructed of a 4.8-mu wide, 500-mu long serpentine layer of polysilicon above a grounded second layer of polysilicon. This line generated about 1.1 ns of delay for a 5-ns risetime signal with a slope degradation of only 15%. The CFD also featured de feedback for both the arming and zero-crossing discriminators to eliminate timing errors caused by offsets. The entire circuit, including the delay line, required an area of 200 mu x 950 mu. The timing walk for 5-ns risetime signals over the dynamic range from -20 mV to -2 V was less than +/- 150 ps. Each channel of the CFD consumed similar to 15 mW from a single 5-V supply. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1695 EP 1699 DI 10.1109/23.507173 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400116 ER PT J AU Millaud, J Nygren, D AF Millaud, J Nygren, D TI The column architecture-a novel architecture for event driven 2D pixel imagers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB We describe an electronic architecture for two-dimensional pixel arrays that permits very large increases in rate capability for event- or data-driven applications relative to conventional x-y architectures. The column architecture also permits more efficient use of silicon area in applications requiring local buffering, frameless data acquisition, and it avoids entirely the problem of ambiguities that may arise in conventional approaches. Two examples of active implementation are described: high energy physics and protein crystallography. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Millaud, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1700 EP 1706 DI 10.1109/23.507174 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400117 ER PT J AU Santos, DM Dow, SF Flasck, JM Levi, ME AF Santos, DM Dow, SF Flasck, JM Levi, ME TI A CMOS delay locked loop and sub-nanosecond time-to-digital converter chip SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB Phase-locked loops have been employed in the past to obtain sub-nanosecond time resolution in high energy physics and nuclear science applications. An alternative solution based on a delay-locked loop (DLL) is described. This solution allows for a very high level of integration yet still offers resolution in the sub-nanosecond regime. Two variations on this solution are outlined. A novel phase detector, based on the Muller C-element, is used to implement a charge pump where the injected charge approaches zero as the loop approaches lock on the leading edge of an input clock reference. This greatly reduces timing jitter. In the second variation the loop locks to both the leading and trailing clock edges. In this second implementation, software coded layout generators are used to automatically layout a highly integrated, multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) targeted for one specific frequency. The two circuits, DLL and TDC, are implemented in CMOS 1.2 mu m and 0.8 mu m technologies, respectively. Test results show a timing jitter of less than 30 ps for the DLL circuit and less than 190 ps integral and differential non-linearity for the TDC circuit. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Santos, DM (reprint author), UNIV AVEIRO,P-3810 AVEIRO,PORTUGAL. OI Santos, Dinis/0000-0003-2797-5353 NR 7 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1717 EP 1719 DI 10.1109/23.507177 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400120 ER PT J AU Chau, A DeBusschere, D Dow, SF Flasck, J Levi, ME Kirsten, F Su, E Santos, DM AF Chau, A DeBusschere, D Dow, SF Flasck, J Levi, ME Kirsten, F Su, E Santos, DM TI A multi-channel time-to-digital converter chip for drift chamber readout SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB A complete, multi-channel, timing and amplitude measurement IC for use in drift chamber applications is described. By targeting specific resolutions, i.e. 6-bits of resolution for both time and amplitude, area and power can be minimized while achieving the proper level of measurement accuracy. Time is digitized using an TDC comprised of a delay locked loop, latch and encoder. Amplitude (for dE/dx) is digitized using a dual-range FADC for each channel. Eight bits of dynamic range with six bits of accuracy are achieved with the dual-range. Eight complete channels of timing and amplitude information are multiplexed into one DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) trigger latency buffer. Interesting events are subsequently transferred into an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) readout buffer before the latency time has expired. The design has been optimized to achieve the requisite resolution using the smallest area and lowest power. The circuit has been implemented in an 0.8 mu m triple metal CMOS process. The measured results indicate that the differential non-linearities of the TDC and the FADC are 200 ps and 10 mV, respectively. The integral non-linearities of the TDC and the FADC are 230 ps and 9 mV, respectively. C1 UNIV AVEIRO,P-3810 AVEIRO,PORTUGAL. RP Chau, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Santos, Dinis/0000-0003-2797-5353 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1720 EP 1724 DI 10.1109/23.507178 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400121 ER PT J AU Klein, SR Barale, P Beuville, E Bieser, F Dao, K Kleinfelder, S Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA McParland, C Noggle, T Ritter, HG Vu, C Wieman, H Aluyshin, A Aluyshin, M AF Klein, SR Barale, P Beuville, E Bieser, F Dao, K Kleinfelder, S Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA McParland, C Noggle, T Ritter, HG Vu, C Wieman, H Aluyshin, A Aluyshin, M TI Front end electronics for the STAR TPC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT AB The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) is a large acceptance detector now being built to study high energy heavy ion collisions. It detects charged particles with a large time projection chamber. The 136,600 TPC pads are instrumented with waveform digitizers, implemented in custom low noise preamplifier/shaper and switched capacitor array/ADCs ICs. The system is highly integrated with all analog functions mounted on small cards that plug into the TPC. Detector mounted readout boards multiplex data from 1152 channels onto a 1.5 Gbit/sec fiber optic link to the data acquisition system. C1 MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. RP Klein, SR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1768 EP 1772 DI 10.1109/23.507219 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400130 ER PT J AU Reginatto, M Shebell, P Miller, KM AF Reginatto, M Shebell, P Miller, KM TI An application of the maximum entropy method for assessments of residual radioactivity at contaminated sites. SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 21-28, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA AB An important requirement in surveying for residual radioactivity is the detection of localized areas of elevated contamination, sometimes referred to as hot spots. In the present work we have developed a computer code that searches for distributions of surface activity (possibly many) that are consistent with a series of in situ measurements on a grid indicating the possible presence of hot spots. The algorithm makes use of a maximum entropy deconvolution of the data, followed by further analysis. The algorithm is quite general and could be modified for use in other types of measurements. Properties of the algorithm are demonstrated using data from actual field measurements. RP Reginatto, M (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1837 EP 1841 DI 10.1109/23.507232 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT044 UT WOS:A1996UT04400143 ER PT J AU Hastings, MC Anderson, BL Chiu, B Holcomb, DE AF Hastings, MC Anderson, BL Chiu, B Holcomb, DE TI Effects of gamma radiation on high-power infrared and visible laser diodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; PHOTODIODES; IRRADIATION AB The effects of gamma radiation on high-power semiconductor laser diodes were measured. While operating, five commercial near-infrared (785 nm, 60 mW) and six visible laser diodes (670 mm, 30 mW) were exposed to approximately 10 kGy at a relatively high dose rate (approximate to 5 kGy/h), The far-field output beam patterns were monitored during radiation and recovery, as well as the overall intensity (constant current mode) and the internal monitor photodiode current. The linear dimensions of the far-field beam patterns shrank in size by the end of radiation by 3%-20% for the IR lasers and 15%-20% for the visible, The ellipticity of the beams changed by -16% for the IR and +8% for the visible case, The intensity, as measured with an external camera, decreased during irradiation by a maximum of 2.7 dB for the visible laser and 2.5 dB for tile infrared; however, the photodiode photocurrents changed by less than 1 dB, Both types of lasers recovered completely over several days, The near- and far-field patterns were examined both below and above threshold before and after radiation/recovery, with no evidence of defects or other gross changes. C1 MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Hastings, MC (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. OI Holcomb, David/0000-0001-8263-4661 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 2141 EP 2149 DI 10.1109/23.502308 PN 3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT045 UT WOS:A1996UT04500007 ER PT J AU Huesman, RH Klein, GJ Fleming, TK AF Huesman, RH Klein, GJ Fleming, TK TI A hybrid UNIX controller for real-time data acquisition SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POSITRON TOMOGRAPH AB We describe a hybrid data acquisition architecture integrating a conventional UNIX workstation with CAMAC-based real-time hardware. The system combines the high-level programming simplicity and user interface of a UNIX workstation with the low-level timing control available from conventional real-time hardware, We detail this architecture as it has been implemented for control of the Donner 600-Crystal Positron Tomograph (PET600). Low-level data acquisition is carried out in this system using eight LeCroy 3588 histogrammers, which together after derandomization, acquire events at rates up to 4 MHz, and two dedicated Motorola 6809 microprocessors, which arbitrate fine timing control during acquisition A SUN Microsystems UNIX workstation is used for high-level control, allowing an easily extensible user interface in an X-Windows environment, as well as real-time communications to the low-level acquisition units, Communication between the high- and low-level units is carried out via a Jorway 73A SCSI-CAMAC crate controller and a serial interface. For our application, the hybrid configuration segments low from high-level control for ease of maintenance and provided a low-cost upgrade from dated high-level control hardware. RP Huesman, RH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 3 BP 2150 EP 2153 DI 10.1109/TNS.1996.502309 PN 3 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UT045 UT WOS:A1996UT04500008 ER PT J AU Thakur, R Choudhary, A Ramanujam, J AF Thakur, R Choudhary, A Ramanujam, J TI Efficient algorithms for array redistribution SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE array redistribution; distributed-memory computers; High Performance Fortran (HPF); data distribution; runtime support AB Dynamic redistribution of arrays is required very often in programs on distributed memory parallel computers. This paper presents efficient algorithms for redistribution between different cyclic(k) distributions, as defined in High Performance Fortran. We first propose special optimized algorithms for a cyclic(x) to cyclic(y) redistribution when xis a multiple of y, or y is a multiple of x. We then propose two algorithms, called the GCD method and the LCM method, for the general cyclic(x) to cyclic(y) redistribution when there is no particular relation between rand y. We have implemented these algorithms on the Inter Touchstone Delta, and find that they perform well for different array sizes and number of processors. C1 SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP Thakur, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Choudhary, Alok/C-5486-2009 NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 6 BP 587 EP 594 DI 10.1109/71.506697 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UY530 UT WOS:A1996UY53000005 ER PT J AU LeSage, GP Feng, HXC Laurent, LL Hartemann, FV Luhmann, NC Fochs, SN Perry, MD Westenskow, GA Heritage, JP AF LeSage, GP Feng, HXC Laurent, LL Hartemann, FV Luhmann, NC Fochs, SN Perry, MD Westenskow, GA Heritage, JP TI Theory and design of a photoinjector-driven chirped pulse free-electron maser SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COHERENT SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS; WAVE-GUIDE; LASER; BEAM; GAIN; GENERATION; DOMAIN; TIME; GUNS AB An overview of the design parameters of a compact high-gradient high-luminosity X-band (8.568 GHz) photoinjector is followed py a more detailed description of each of its major subsystems: X-band RF gun, GHz repetition rate synchronously modelocked AlGaAs quantum well laser oscillator, and eight-pass Ti:Al2O3 chirped pulse laser amplifier. The photoinjector uses a high quantum efficiency (similar to 5%) Cs2Te photocathode, and is capable of producing high-charge (>1 nC) relativistic (5 MeV) ultrashort (<1 ps) electron bunches at 2.142-GHz repetition rate in burst mode (100 photoelectron bunches), Design studies indicate that a normalized rms transverse emittance epsilon(n) = 0.75 pi mm-mrad is possible at 0.1 nC charge, while 2.5 pi mm-mrad is obtained at 1 nC, One of the most interesting applications of the photoinjector, namely the generation of ultrashort pulses of coherent synchrotron radiation, is then addressed in detail, The spectral and temporal radiation characteristics of an axially extended (finite-size) transversely accelerated charge distribution propagating on fixed helical trajectories through a wiggler are derived for a cylindrical waveguide, At grazing, where the axial bunch velocity matches the electromagnetic wave group velocity, the single output radiation pulse is extremely short, and chirped over the full interaction bandwidth; the pulse duration is determined by group velocity dispersion, A 5-MeV 1.4-nC l-ps photoelectron bunch is then considered, The grazing frequency is adjusted to 175 GHz for the TE(12) cylindrical waveguide mode, corresponding to an 8.5-kG 30-mm-period helical wiggler. The instantaneous bandwidth of the chirped output pulse after 10 wiggler periods extends from 125 to 225 GHz, The corresponding power level is 2.2 MW, with a pulsewidth of 15 ps full width at half maximum. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LeSage, GP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 781 EP 795 DI 10.1109/27.533080 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400027 ER PT J AU Balkcum, AJ McDermott, DB Phillips, RM Lin, AT Luhmann, NC AF Balkcum, AJ McDermott, DB Phillips, RM Lin, AT Luhmann, NC TI 250-MW X-band TE(01) ubitron using a coaxial PPM wiggler SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB A highly efficient 250-MW X-band ubitron amplifier to drive high-gradient linear accelerators is described, The ubitron utilizes periodic permanent magnets with zero guide field and a coaxial circuit operating in the breakdown resistant TE(01) mode, Periodic wiggler focusing in a coaxial transmission line allows for stable transport of high-current annular electron beams while producing a strong quiver velocity to drive the ubitron. A large-signal self-consistent simulation code predicts that an efficiency of 37% and a gain of 53 dB can be achieved in a length of 100 cm with a 500-kV 1-kA electron beam, while a tapered wiggler will yield an efficiency as high as 56%. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Balkcum, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT APPL SCI, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 802 EP 807 DI 10.1109/27.533082 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400029 ER PT J AU Moreland, LD Schamiloglu, E Lemke, RW Roitman, AM Korovin, SD Rostov, VV AF Moreland, LD Schamiloglu, E Lemke, RW Roitman, AM Korovin, SD Rostov, VV TI Enhanced frequency agility of high-power relativistic backward wave oscillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RADIATION; BEAM AB This paper describes how finite length effects in high-power backward wave oscillators can be exploited in a controlled manner to achieve enhanced frequency agility, Experiments were performed using a Sinus-6 high-power relativistic repetetively pulsed electron beam accelerator A uniform slow wave structure was used in these studies and its parameters were fixed, Sections of smooth-walled circular waveguide of varying lengths were inserted both before and after the slow wave structure. Variations in the length of smooth-walled waveguide on the order of a quarter-wavelength of the generated electromagnetic radiation were found to significantly affect both microwave frequency and radiation efficiency in a periodic-like manner, The experimental results were reproduced in TWOQUICK electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations, A bandwidth of about 500 MHz centered around 9.5 GHz at hundreds of MW power levels has been achieved with constant beam and slow wave structure parameters. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,SIBERIAN BRANCH,INST HIGH CURRENT ELECT,TOMSK 634051,RUSSIA. RP Moreland, LD (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. RI Vladislav, Rostov/A-2031-2012; Rostov, Vladislav/O-6708-2014 NR 13 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 852 EP 858 DI 10.1109/27.533088 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400035 ER PT J AU Luginsland, JW Lau, YY Hendricks, KJ Coleman, PD AF Luginsland, JW Lau, YY Hendricks, KJ Coleman, PD TI A model of injection-locked relativistic klystron oscillator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAMS; MODULATION; POWER; AMPLIFIERS; GENERATION; DRIVEN AB By the use of a simple model, we explicitly incorporate the coupling between the driver cavity and the booster cavity in a relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA), We show that this RKA configuration may turn into an injection-locked oscillator only when the beam current is sufficiently high. Other features revealed by this model include: the downshifted frequency mode (''0'' mode) is unstable whereas the upshifted frequency mode (''pi'' mode) is stable; the growth rate of the ''0'' mode is relatively mild so that the oscillation can start only in an injection-locked mode; the oscillation does not require the presence of reflected electrons; and the separation of the cavities must be sufficiently short, These, and other features, are found to be in qualitative agreement with the recent experiments on the injection-locked relativistic klystron oscillator (RKO) that were conducted at Philips Laboratory. C1 PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Luginsland, JW (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN,INTENSE ENERGY INTERACT LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 935 EP 937 DI 10.1109/27.533098 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400045 ER PT J AU Houck, T Deadrick, F Giordano, G Henestroza, E Lidia, S Reginato, L Vanecek, D Westenskow, GA Yu, S AF Houck, T Deadrick, F Giordano, G Henestroza, E Lidia, S Reginato, L Vanecek, D Westenskow, GA Yu, S TI Prototype microwave source for a relativistic klystron two-beam accelerator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LASER AB A test facility is established at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study RF power sources for linear colliders based on the Relativistic Klystron two-beam accelerator (RK-TBA) concept, A 24-m long prototype source, the RTA, will be constructed in this facility to study physics, engineering, and cost issues related to RK-TBA's, The RTA will generate 200-ns 180-MW RF (11.4-GHz) pulses from each of eight output ports, The major components of the RTA include a 2.8-MeV 1.2-kA induction injector, transverse beam modulator, adiabatic compressor, and RF extraction section. The beam energy is increased to 4 MeV and the RF bunch length is shortened from 240 degrees to 110 degrees in the adiabatic compressor. The 8-m long extraction section includes 40 induction accelerator cells to maintain beam energy at an average 4 MeV, eight equally spaced RF output structures, and a ppm quadrupole focusing system, In this paper, we describe the RTA and present results of component testing and computer simulations. C1 UNIV MILAN,MILAN,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Houck, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 938 EP 946 DI 10.1109/27.533099 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400046 ER PT J AU Yovchev, IG Spassovsky, IP Nikolov, NA Dimitrov, DP Messina, G Raimondi, P Baroso, JJ Correa, RA AF Yovchev, IG Spassovsky, IP Nikolov, NA Dimitrov, DP Messina, G Raimondi, P Baroso, JJ Correa, RA TI Numerical simulation of high-power virtual-cathode reflex triode driven by repetitive short pulse electron gun SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE GENERATION AB A virtual-cathode reflex triode is investigated by numerical simulations. A trapezoidal in shape voltage pulse with an amplitude of 300 kV is applied to the solid cathode of the device to drive the cathode negative, The electron beam-to-microwave power conversion efficiency epsilon, calculated for the pulse flat top with a duration tau(ft) = 1.2 ns is approximately the same (about 1.5-2%) as well as for a long flat top (tau(ft) = 4 ns), The simulations show a 10-15% increase of epsilon at tau(ft) shortening to 0.6 ns, However, this occurs when the anode mesh transparency is high (80-90%), Considerable enhancement of the efficiency (about four times) for tau(ft) = 0.6 ns has been calculated if the cathode side surface is brought near to the anode tube (from approximate to 0.5% at cathode radius R(c) = 1.6 cm to approximate to 2% at R(c) = 3.8 cm), The obtained results would find an application for the design of virtual-cathode reflex triode devices driven by a short pulse and high repetition rate electron gun. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. INPE,BR-12227970 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. RP Yovchev, IG (reprint author), UNIV SOFIA,FAC PHYS,BU-1126 SOFIA,BULGARIA. OI Barroso, Joaquim J/0000-0002-6635-6638 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1109/27.533108 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400055 ER PT J AU Rees, DE Tallerico, PJ Lynch, MT AF Rees, DE Tallerico, PJ Lynch, MT TI The RF system for accelerator production of tritium SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A high-power proton linac (linear accelerator) is being proposed for the next generation tritium source for accelerator production of tritium (APT), The proposed proton linac requires a substantial continuous wave (CW) RF system, This paper presents an overview of accelerator-based tritium production and the details of the CW RF system design, Based on the current tritium production requirement, the proposed accelerator will require in excess of 200 MW of installed CW RF power, The availability requirements for the RF system are quite high and an efficient low-cost approach to providing redundancy will be discussed, Also presented are the baseline choices for the RF sources as well as our technology development goals and how they impact the RF system design. RP Rees, DE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1033 EP 1040 DI 10.1109/27.533110 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VE084 UT WOS:A1996VE08400057 ER PT J AU Soong, Y Gamwo, IK Blackwell, AG Harke, FW Schehl, RR Zarochak, MF AF Soong, Y Gamwo, IK Blackwell, AG Harke, FW Schehl, RR Zarochak, MF TI Ultrasonic characterization of slurries in an autoclave reactor at elevated temperature SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUSPENSIONS; HOLDUP; BED AB An ultrasonic technique was developed to measure the concentration of solids in an autoclave reactor. Preliminary measurements were conducted on slurries consisting of molten paraffin wax, glass beads, and nitrogen bubbles at 189 degrees C. The data show that the velocity and attenuation of the sound are well-defined functions of the solid and gas concentrations in the molten wax. The results suggest possibilities for directly measuring solids concentration during operation of a three-phase slurry reactor. RP Soong, Y (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1807 EP 1812 DI 10.1021/ie950771p PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA UQ705 UT WOS:A1996UQ70500003 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Stonehuerner, J Pritchard, RJ Piantadosi, CA Quigley, DR Dreher, KL Costa, DL AF Ghio, AJ Stonehuerner, J Pritchard, RJ Piantadosi, CA Quigley, DR Dreher, KL Costa, DL TI Humic-like substances in air pollution particulates correlate with concentrations of transition metals and oxidant generation SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; FREE-RADICALS; IRON; DISEASE; DAMAGE; IMPACT; RATS AB We tested the hypotheses that (1) an incomplete oxidation of carbon-based fossil fuels during their combustion produces humic-like substances (HLS), which can be present in air pollution particulates and confer a capacity to complex metals; (2) air pollution particulates collected on PM(10) filters can be associated with concentrations of first-row transition metals; (3) particulates can catalyze the production of free radicals by cycling these transition metals through two stable valence states; and (4) concentrations of transition metals and oxidant generation by air pollution particulates increase with the content of HLS associated with these particles. HLS were isolated by alkali extraction. The content of these substances in combustion products of coal, diesel, oil, and wood was 3.1 +/- 0.8%, 4.7 +/- 1.0%, 1.0 +/- 0.1%, and 8.2 +/- 0.6%, respectively. Similarly, filters with sequestered air pollution particulates contained HLS ranging from 0.0 to 7.1%. Elemental analysis of these materials isolated from both products of fuel combustion and sequestered particulate disclosed values of C, H, N, and O consistent with an MLS. There were correlations between HLS content and ionizable concentrations of metals, quantified using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, associated with particulates sequestered on filters. Similarly, HLS content correlated with the absorbance of oxidized products of deoxyribose, demonstrating an affiliation between these substances and free radical generation by sequestered particulate. We conclude that HLS, a potential organic metal chelator, can be isolated from air pollution particulates. Concentrations of acid-soluble transition metals and in vitro oxidant generation correlated with the content of these substances collected on filters. C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT MED,DURHAM,ENGLAND. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,ENGN RES & APPLICAT DEPT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA,NATL HLTH & ENVIRONM EFFECTS RES LAB,HSD,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA. NR 41 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN-JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 5 BP 479 EP 494 DI 10.3109/08958379609005441 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA UR083 UT WOS:A1996UR08300004 ER PT J AU Francis, ND Wepfer, WJ AF Francis, ND Wepfer, WJ TI Jet impingement drying of a moist porous solid SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATION RATE CONCEPT; MASS-TRANSFER; HEAT-TRANSFER; CONSOLIDATED SLAB; MODEL; MEDIA; ENTRAINMENT; BEDS AB This paper investigates the thermal characteristics of a continuous industrial drying process for semi-porous textile composites. The conservation of mass, momentum and energy are written for a partially saturate porous fiber layer attached to a solid-backing layer. The numerical solution of the one-dimensional and transient conservation equations provides the temperature, volumetric saturation and gas phase pressure distributions in the moist porous solid and the temperature distribution in the solid-backing layer. During the wet region drying period, continuous liquid exists in the pore space, the moisture transport within the solid is described by the Darcy form of the momentum equation. The moisture transport in the sorption region is described by a bound liquid diffusion and gas phase transport. For the jet impingement type dryer, it is assumed that the penetration of the flow field into the porous solid is small (assumed valid due to the presence of the solid backing). The enhanced transport coefficients al the drying surface are estimated with the use of the Kolmogoroff theory of isotropic turbulence. This theory provides correlations for the heat and mass transfer coefficients from the fluid properties and the turbulent energy dissipation rate in the fluid. The model results of the continuous industrial drying process are compared to independent experimental temperature and global moisture content measurements taken in an operational industrial dryer. From the model analysis and experimental data, the heat flux conditions at the drying surface dictate the manner in which the solid is dried. The heat transfer coefficients considered are in the range of 20-130 W m(-2) K-1 and necessarily affect the manner in which moisture transport occurs within the solid. It is seen that the lower heat transfer coefficients more accurately represent the internal transport phenomena occurring during the drying process and the heating of the solid. The transport coefficients are compared to previously obtained empirical results. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,GEORGE W WOODRUFF SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP Francis, ND (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,MS-1326,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1911 EP 1923 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(95)00269-3 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UB262 UT WOS:A1996UB26200014 ER PT J AU Mackay, DR Law, KH AF Mackay, DR Law, KH TI A parallel implementation of a generalized Lanczos procedure for structural dynamic analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH SPEED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE eigenvalues; Lanczos algorithm; sparse matrices; parallel matrix computation; structural dynamics ID EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS; ELIMINATION TREES; SPARSE; ALGORITHM; REORTHOGONALIZATION; FACTORIZATION AB The Lanczos method has rapidly become the preferred method of solution for the generalized eigenvalue problems. The recent emergence of parallel computers has aroused much interest in the practical implementation of the Lanczos algorithm on these high performance computers. This paper describes an implementation of a generalized Lanczos algorithm on a distributed memory parallel computer, with specific application to structural dynamic analysis. One major cost in the parallel implementation of the generalized Lanczos procedure is the factorization of the (shifted) stiffness matrix and the forward and backward solution of triangular systems. In this paper, we review a parallel sparse matrix factorization scheme and propose a strategy for inverting the principal block submatrix factors to facilitate the forward and backward solution of triangular systems on distributed memory parallel computers. We also discuss the different strategies in the implementation of mass-matrix-vector multiplication and how they are used in the implementation of the Lanczos procedure. The Lanczos procedure implemented includes partial and external selective reorthogonalizations. Spectral shifts are introduced when memory space is not sufficient for storing the Lanczos vectors. The tradeoffs between spectral shifts and Lanczos iterations are discussed. Numerical results on Intel's parallel computers, the iPSC/860 hypercube and the Paragon machines will be presented to illustrate the effectiveness and scalability of the parallel generalized Lanczos procedure. C1 STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. RP INTEL CORP, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0129-0533 J9 INT J HIGH SPEED COM JI Int. J. High Speed Comput. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 171 EP 204 DI 10.1142/S0129053396000124 PG 34 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA VQ758 UT WOS:A1996VQ75800004 ER PT J AU Orphal, DL Franzen, RR Piekutowski, AJ Forrestal, MJ AF Orphal, DL Franzen, RR Piekutowski, AJ Forrestal, MJ TI Penetration of confined aluminum nitride targets by tungsten long rods at 1.5-4.5 km/s SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hypervelocity; long rods; penetration; ceramics; aluminum nitride; impact; scaling; mass efficiency; armor; Tate model AB A series of 26 terminal ballistics experiments was performed to measure the penetration of simple confined aluminum nitride targets by a long tungsten rod. Impact velocities ranged from 1.5 to about 4.5 km/s. The experiments were performed in the reverse ballistic mode using a two-stage light-gas gun. Penetrator diameter, D, was 0.762 mm (0.030 in). The length-to-diameter ratio for the penetrator was L/D = 20 for nearly all the tests and never less than L/D = 15. Primary instrumentation for these experiments was four independently timed, 450 kV flash X-rays. These X-rays provided four views of the penetrator-target interaction during the penetration event from which the following data were determined: p = penetration depth as a function of time, L(r) = remaining length of penetrator as a function of time, as well as final penetration depth, target hole geometry, spatial distribution of the eroded rod material, etc. From these data, u = dp/dt = speed of penetration into the target and v(c) = d(L - L(r))/dt = speed of ''consumption'' of the long rod were obtained. C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Orphal, DL (reprint author), TITAN CORP,5117 JOHNSON DR,PLEASANTON,CA 94588, USA. NR 10 TC 42 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 BP 355 EP 368 DI 10.1016/0734-743X(95)00045-C PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA UC897 UT WOS:A1996UC89700001 ER PT J AU Gupta, R Tamayo, P AF Gupta, R Tamayo, P TI Critical exponents of the 3-D Ising model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C-PHYSICS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US/Japan Bilateral Seminar on New Trends in Computer Simulations in Spin Systems CY AUG 28-31, 1995 CL MAUI, HI SP Natl Sci Fdn, Japanese Minist Sci & Educ ID MONTE-CARLO RENORMALIZATION; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR AB We present a status report on the ongoing analysis of the 3D Ising model with nearest-neighbor interactions using the Monte Carlo Renormalization Group (MCRG) and finite size scaling (FSS) methods on 64(3), 128(3), and 256(3) simple cubic lattices. Our MCRG estimates are K-nn(c) = 0.221655(1)(1) and nu = 0.625(1). The FSS results for K-c are consistent with those from MCRG but the value of nu is not. Our best estimate eta = 0.025(6) covers the spread in the MCRG and FSS values. A surprise of our calculation is the estimate w approximate to 0.7 for the correction-to-scaling exponent. We also present results for the renormalized coupling g(R) along the MCRG flow and argue that the data support the validity of hyperscaling for the 3D Ising model. C1 THINKING MACHINES CORP,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02143. RP Gupta, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-8,MS-B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C-Phys. Comput. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 305 EP 319 DI 10.1142/S0129183196000247 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VA938 UT WOS:A1996VA93800006 ER PT J AU Tamayo, P Gupta, R Alexander, FJ AF Tamayo, P Gupta, R Alexander, FJ TI Two-temperature non-equilibrium Ising models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C-PHYSICS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US/Japan Bilateral Seminar on New Trends in Computer Simulations in Spin Systems CY AUG 28-31, 1995 CL MAUI, HI SP Natl Sci Fdn, Japanese Minist Sci & Educ ID LOCALLY COMPETING TEMPERATURES; NONEQUILIBRIUM STEADY-STATES; DRIVEN DIFFUSIVE SYSTEMS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DYNAMICS; UNIVERSALITY; LATTICE AB We present results from a computational study of a class of 2D two-temperature non-equilibrium Ising models. In these systems the dynamics is a local competition of two equilibrium dynamics at different temperatures. We analyzed non-equilibrium versions of Metropolis, heat bath/Glauber and Swendsen-Wang dynamics and found strong evidence that some of these dynamics have the same critical exponents and belong to the same universality class as the equilibrium 2D Ising model. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET DIV MSB285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. BOSTON UNIV,CTR COMP SCI,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP Tamayo, P (reprint author), THINKING MACHINES CORP,14 CROSBY DR,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C-Phys. Comput. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1142/S0129183196000338 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VA938 UT WOS:A1996VA93800015 ER PT J AU Kawashima, N Jarrell, M Gubernatis, JE AF Kawashima, N Jarrell, M Gubernatis, JE TI Cluster Monte Carlo study of the quantum XY model in two dimensions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C-PHYSICS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US/Japan Bilateral Seminar on New Trends in Computer Simulations in Spin Systems CY AUG 28-31, 1995 CL MAUI, HI SP Natl Sci Fdn, Japanese Minist Sci & Educ ID SPIN SYSTEMS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; PHASE; TRANSITION; ALGORITHMS; DYNAMICS AB The recent generalization of the Fortuin-Kasteleyn percolation representation and the Swendsen-Wang (SW) cluster algorithm is reviewed. The new representation yields cluster algorithm for the XYZ model with arbitrary magnitude of spins, with arbitrary anisotropies, and in any dimensions. The new algorithm often reduces computational autocorrelation times by several orders of magnitude. By using the new algorithm together with methods of Bayesian statistical inference, we obtained the dynamical structure factor S(k, w) for the S = 1/2 XY model in two dimensions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PHYS,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C-Phys. Comput. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 433 EP 440 DI 10.1142/S0129183196000387 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VA938 UT WOS:A1996VA93800020 ER PT J AU McCreery, GE Stoots, CM AF McCreery, GE Stoots, CM TI Drop formation mechanisms and size distributions for spray plate nozzles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE drop; drop size distribution; liquid jet; liquid sheet; spray nozzle ID LIQUID JET; FLOW AB This article describes the results of an experimental investigation of drop formation mechanisms and drop diameter distributions for spray plate nozzles. Spray plate nozzles are comprised of a distribution nozzle which projects a high velocity jet Of water concentric on a plate. The resultant water film flows radially outward on the plate and breaks into drops after the liquid detaches from the plate and flows outward as a sheet. The drop size distribution is determined by a balance between shear forces with air and how instabilities and turbulence in the liquid sheet flow, which tend to fracture the liquid sheet and drops, and surface tension forces, which tend to hold the liquid sheet and drops together. Experimental results include short duration photographs of nozzle jet flow, liquid film flow, and of water drop formation. Drop diameter distributions were obtained with a phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA). The variations of drop mean diameter, volumetric mean and Sauter mean diameters as functions of pressure, distribution nozzle-to-plate distance, and plate diameter are quantified. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP McCreery, GE (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-9322 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD JUN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 3 BP 431 EP 452 DI 10.1016/0301-9322(95)00086-0 PG 22 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UN425 UT WOS:A1996UN42500002 ER PT J AU Tran, TN Wambsganss, MW France, DM AF Tran, TN Wambsganss, MW France, DM TI Small circular- and rectangular-channel boiling with two refrigerants SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE boiling; compact; evaporator; heat transfer; horizontal; nucleation; rectangular channel; refrigerants ID HEAT-TRANSFER; CONVECTION AB Boiling heat transfer experiments were performed in a small circular channel (d = 2.46) and a small rectangular channel (d(h) = 2.40 mm) with Refrigerant 12. The channel sizes are representative of flow passages in compact evaporators. An experimental technique minimized test section end effects which can be appreciable relative to the heat transfer in these small channels. Local heat transfer results were obtained over a range of qualities up to 0.94, a mass flux range of 44-832 kg/m(2)s, and a heat flux range of 3.6-129 kW/m(2). Saturation pressure was nearly constant, averaging 0.82 MPa for most of the testing, with some tests performed at a lower pressure of 0.51 MPa. Local heat transfer coefficients were determined experimentally as a function of quality along the length of the test section. Heat transfer rates were compared with results of previous experiments in which Refrigerant 113 in a 2.92-mm diameter small circular tube was used. The effects of channel geometry and fluid properties on heat transfer, as well as insights relative to heat transfer mechanisms in small channels, are presented. Results are presented for both nucleation- (wall superheat above 2.75 degrees C) and convection-dominant boiling heat transfer regimes and compared with large-channel predictions. The heat transfer data for the two fluids were successfully correlated in the nucleation-dominant region. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH ENGN,CHICAGO,IL 60607. RP Tran, TN (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 25 TC 328 Z9 355 U1 3 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0301-9322 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD JUN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 3 BP 485 EP 498 DI 10.1016/0301-9322(96)00002-X PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UN425 UT WOS:A1996UN42500006 ER PT J AU Levy, RP Schulte, RWM Frankel, KA Steinberg, GK Marks, MP Lane, B Heilbronn, LH Meinass, HJ Galindo, RA Slater, JD Slater, JM AF Levy, RP Schulte, RWM Frankel, KA Steinberg, GK Marks, MP Lane, B Heilbronn, LH Meinass, HJ Galindo, RA Slater, JD Slater, JM TI Computed tomography slice-by-slice target-volume delineation for stereotactic proton irradiation of large intracranial arteriovenous malformations: An iterative approach using angiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE AVMs; treatment planning; multimodality imaging; CT; MRI; iterative target delineation; stereotactic radiosurgery; protons ID BRAGG PEAK RADIOSURGERY; RADIATION; RADIOTHERAPY; DATABASE; MR; CT AB Purpose: Target-volume delineation for stereotactic irradiation is problematic for large and irregularly shaped arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), The purpose of this report is to quantify modifications in the target volume that result from iterative treatment planning that incorporates multimodality imaging data. Methods and Materials: Stereotactic neuroimaging procedures were performed for 20 consecutive patients with AVM volumes > 10 cm(3), Angiographically defined extrema were transformed into computed tomography (CT) space, The resulting target contours were then modified by a multidisciplinary treatment planning team after iterative review of angiographic, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, Volumes of interest and dose-volume histograms for proton irradiation were calculated before and after iterative target delineation. Results: Initial (angiographically defined) target volumes ranged from 15.3 to 96.1 cm(3) (mean, 43.6 cm(3)), Final (iteratively defined) target volumes ranged from 10.7 to 114.0 cm(3) (mean, 38.4 cm(3)), The volume of presumed normal tissue excluded by iterative planning ranged from 2.6 to 47.0 cm(3) (mean, 15.5 cm(3)), Initially untargeted AVM, most commonly obscured by embolization material, was identified in all cases (range, 0.3 to 57.8 cm(3); mean, 10.3 cm(3)), Corresponding dose-volume histograms demonstrated marked differences regarding lesion coverage and sparing of normal tissue structures. Conclusions: Iterative target-volume delineation resulted in significant modifications from initial, angiographically defined target volumes, Substantial amounts of apparently normal tissue were excluded from the final target, and additional abnormal vascular structures were identified for incorporation, We conclude that an iterative multimodality approach to target-volume delineation may improve the overall results for stereotactic irradiation of large and complex AVMs. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT NEUROSURG,MED CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT RADIOL,MED CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Levy, RP (reprint author), LOMA LINDA UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT RADIAT MED,11234 ANDERSON ST,LOMA LINDA,CA 92354, USA. RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(96)80019-8 PG 10 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UT724 UT WOS:A1996UT72400018 PM 8655380 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, RW Bodvarsson, GS AF Zimmerman, RW Bodvarsson, GS TI Effective transmissivity of two-dimensional fracture networks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article ID FLUID-FLOW; PERMEABILITY; ROCK; PERCOLATION C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT EARTH RESOURCES ENGN,LONDON SW7 2BP,ENGLAND. RP Zimmerman, RW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Zimmerman, Robert/0000-0001-6674-3403 NR 22 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 433 EP 438 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(95)00067-4 PG 6 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA UT048 UT WOS:A1996UT04800010 ER PT J AU DeFanti, TA Foster, I Papka, ME Stevens, R Kuhfuss, T AF DeFanti, TA Foster, I Papka, ME Stevens, R Kuhfuss, T TI Overview of the I-way: Wide area visual supercomputing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses the I-WAY project and provides an overview of the papers in this issue of IJSA. The I-WAY is an experimental environment for building distributed virtual reality applications and for exploring issues of distributed wide-area resource management and scheduling. The goal of the I-WAY project is to enable researchers to use multiple internetworked supercomputers and advanced visualization systems to conduct very large scale computations, By connecting 12 ATM testbeds, 17 supercomputer centers, 5 virtual reality research sites, and over 60 applications groups, the I-WAY project has created an extremely diverse wide-area environment for exploring advanced applications. This environment has provided a glimpse of the future for advanced scientific and engineering computing. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,ELECT VISUALIZAT LAB,CHICAGO,IL 60639. NR 11 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1177/109434209601000201 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000001 ER PT J AU Taylor, VE Huang, M Canfield, T Stevens, R Reed, D Lamm, S AF Taylor, VE Huang, M Canfield, T Stevens, R Reed, D Lamm, S TI Performance modeling of interactive, immersive virtual environments for finite element simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB Interactive, immersive virtual environments allow observers to move freely about computer-generated three-dimensional objects to explore new environments. The effectiveness of these environments is dependent on the graphics used to model reality and the end-to-end lag time (i.e., the delay between a user's action and the display of the result of that action). In this paper, the authors focus on the latter issue, which has been found to be equally important as frame rate for interactive displays, In particular, the authors analyze the components of lag time resulting from executing a finite element simulation on a multiprocessor system located in Argonne, Illinois, connected via ATM to the interactive visualization display located in San Diego, California. The primary application involves the analysis of an automotive disk brake system that was demonstrated at the Supercomputing '95 conference as part of the Information Wide Area Year (I-WAY) project, which entailed the interconnection of various supercomputing centers via a high-bandwidth, limited-access ATM network. The results of this study indicate that the major components of the end-to-end lag are simulation, synchronization, and rendering times; the use of the ATM network resulted in the network time constituting only a small fraction of the end-to-end lag time. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,ELECT VISUALIZAT LAB,CHICAGO,IL 60639. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT COMP SCI,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Taylor, VE (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,ECE DEPT,2145 SHERIDAN RD,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1177/109434209601000203 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000003 ER PT J AU Geist, GA Kohl, JA Nicholson, DMC Papadopoulos, PM Semeraro, BD Shelton, WA AF Geist, GA Kohl, JA Nicholson, DMC Papadopoulos, PM Semeraro, BD Shelton, WA TI Early experiences with distributed supercomputing on I-way: First principles materials science and parallel acoustic wave propagation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB The authors present experiences relating to two simulations running on a dedicated network of supercomputers that are connected and scheduled with I-WAY. Each code uses PVM (parallel virtual machine) as the message-passing layer so that the heterogeneity of the computers becomes transparent. These computationally intensive codes require hundreds to thousands of processors to achieve acceptable performance. The I-WAY testbed provides access to the needed resources by allowing a researcher to use a virtual I-WAY machine (VIM), which is a collection of supercomputing, visualization, and network resources from around the country. The authors slightly modified the PVM to operate within the I-WAY scheduling and authentication mechanisms and present the user with a familiar interface to run existing programs on this new testbed. New challenges are presented when attempting to write efficient codes for geographically distributed computers. The applications presented here were successfully ported to the current I-WAY environment. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 157 EP 169 DI 10.1177/109434209601000204 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000004 ER PT J AU Kerbel, GD Pierce, T Milovich, JL Shumaker, DE Verlo, A Waltz, RE Hammett, GW Beer, MA Dorland, B AF Kerbel, GD Pierce, T Milovich, JL Shumaker, DE Verlo, A Waltz, RE Hammett, GW Beer, MA Dorland, B TI Interactive scientific exploration of gyrofluid Tokamak turbulence SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article ID FLUID MODEL TURBULENCE; SIMULATIONS AB This research is a part of the Numerical Tokamak Project, a national consortium of efforts to create predictive numerical simulations of fluid plasma turbulence in tokamak fusion experiments using the most powerful supercomputers in the world. Major progress has been made in fusion research, as demonstrated by the recent production of 10 megawatts of fusion power in the Princeton Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). However, much research is still needed before fusion can be a commercially successful electricity source. High-performance computing will play a profoundly important role in designing these machines. Realistic simulations are an important component of this research. The mission of this work is to use massively parallel computers to simulate the behavior of tokamak plasma and represent the results of the simulation for scientific visualization and diagnosis. These simulations have begun to produce results that are encouragingly close to present experiments. As this trend continues and as current models evolve, the simulations will provide an increasingly valuable tool for optimizing the design of future tokamaks, potentially reducing their cost and increasing the certainty of meeting their objectives. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,ELECT VISUALIZAT LAB,CHICAGO,IL 60607. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. UNIV TEXAS,INST FUS STUDIES,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Kerbel, GD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,NATL ENERGY RES SUPERCOMP CTR,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 182 EP 198 DI 10.1177/109434209601000206 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000006 ER PT J AU Hibbard, WL Anderson, J Foster, I Paul, BE Jacob, R Schafer, C Tyree, MK AF Hibbard, WL Anderson, J Foster, I Paul, BE Jacob, R Schafer, C Tyree, MK TI Exploring coupled atmosphere ocean models using Vis5D SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article ID VISUALIZATION; EARTH AB A distributed client/server system can be used to visualize very large simulation data sets. An example of a very large simulation data set is a 100-year simulation of the Earth's coupled atmosphere-ocean system. This model run was produced by an Argonne National Laboratory/University of Wisconsin collaborative project that is studying atmosphere-ocean coupling dynamics to understand the intrinsic low-frequency variability of the climate system. This understanding is crucial for the prediction and detection of human impacts on the Earth's climate. To visually explore this simulation, an IBM SP-2 is used as a data server and a pair of SGI Onyxes driving a CAVE are used as a graphics client. The SP-2 server divides the data set into sections that will fit in the memory of the graphics client. The data set is divided along the time axis. One data set section covers the entire 100-year span of the simulation at reduced-time resolution, while the other data set sections cover short subintervals at full-time resolution. The visualization user interface allows users to switch between low and high time resolution. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Hibbard, WL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN,1225 W DAYTON ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Jacob, Robert/D-2580-2011 OI Jacob, Robert/0000-0002-9444-6593 NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 211 EP 222 DI 10.1177/109434209601000208 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000008 ER PT J AU Diachin, D Freitag, L Heath, D Herzog, J Michels, W Plassmann, P AF Diachin, D Freitag, L Heath, D Herzog, J Michels, W Plassmann, P TI Collaborative virtual environments used in the design of pollution control systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB In this paper the authors describe the development of an interactive simulation and analysis tool for injective pollution control systems for commercial boilers and incinerators. This tool uses three-dimensional, immersive visualization techniques in the CAVE, which allows several scientists to collaborate to quickly and effectively place multiple injectors and evaluate the resulting spray coverage. The required particle dynamics calculations and several techniques for the interactive visualization of computational fluid dynamics data and spray simulation are discussed. For optimizing system performance, the particle dynamics calculations are separate from the visualization process, and data are transferred to one or more CAVEs by using the CAVEcomm message-passing library. The authors discuss the demonstration of this tool as part of the I-WAY GII testbed and present performance results for different architectures and network configurations using both ethernet and ATM connectivity. The experiments show that ethernet bandwidth is insufficient for remote, interactive collaboration. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NALCO FUEL TECH,NAPERVILLE,IL 60563. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 1078-3482 J9 INT J SUPERCOMPUT AP JI Int. J. Supercomput. Appl. High Perform. Comput. PD SUM-FAL PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.1177/109434209601000209 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA WA010 UT WOS:A1996WA01000009 ER PT J AU FoxPenner, P AF FoxPenner, P TI Utility deregulation SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP FoxPenner, P (reprint author), US DOE,OFF DEPUTY SECRETARY,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 19 EP 19 PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA VA578 UT WOS:A1996VA57800023 ER PT J AU Bailey, K AF Bailey, K TI Chemical weapons SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Bailey, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 20 EP 21 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA VA578 UT WOS:A1996VA57800025 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Pfender, E AF Chang, CH Pfender, E TI Advances in the computational modeling of thermal-plasma processing SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Symposium on Aluminum Alloys for Packaging, at the 1996 Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society Annual Meeting CY FEB 04-08, 1996 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Non-Ferrous Met Comm, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Light Met Div, Aluminum Comm ID MULTICOMPONENT PLASMAS; AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; FLOW; JETS; MIXTURES; REACTOR; ARC AB Significant advances have been made in the theoretical foundations and the associated computational modeling of thermal-plasma processes, particularly in the areas of nonequilibrium effects, multicomponent transport, chemical kinetics, and radiative tools developed in the course of this work tools developed in the course of this work have been used to perform numerical simulations of a variety of complex thermal-plasma processes. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,HIGH TEMP LAB,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,MS-3808,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 48 IS 6 BP 46 EP 48 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA UQ554 UT WOS:A1996UQ55400010 ER PT J AU Summers, RS Hooper, SM Shukairy, HM Solarik, G Owen, D AF Summers, RS Hooper, SM Shukairy, HM Solarik, G Owen, D TI Assessing the DBP yield: Uniform formation conditions SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID WATER AB A new chlorination approach has been developed for assessing disinfection by-product (DBP) formation under constant, yet representative conditions. The rationale used in the development of the uniform formation conditions (UFC) test and the results of a parametric sensitivity analysis are presented. Within the acceptable range of conditions, the DBP formation varied by less than 4 percent for the three waters examined. UFC tests results will allow a direct comparison of DBP formation among different waters and allow the evaluation of how treatment changes affect DBP formation in a specific water. C1 US EPA,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,CINCINNATI,OH 45268. MALCOLM PIRNIE INC,CARLSBAD,CA 92009. RP Summers, RS (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,POB 210071,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. NR 28 TC 135 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSN PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 88 IS 6 BP 80 EP 93 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA UR421 UT WOS:A1996UR42100019 ER PT J AU Mondy, LA Geller, AS Rader, DJ Ingber, M AF Mondy, LA Geller, AS Rader, DJ Ingber, M TI Boundary element method calculations of the mobility of nonspherical particles .2. Branched chains and flakes SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STOKES-FLOW AB We combine a numerical, boundary element method with analytical techniques to predict the motion of isolated, nonspherical particles moving at low Reynolds number through a Newtonian fluid. The boundary element method is used to determine the constant components of the resistance matrix (a geometry-specific matrix relating a particle's linear and angular velocities to the applied forces and torques). Once the resistance matrix has been constructed, direct simulation of the translation and rotation of the particle in streaming flow can be performed. Applications in aerosol characterization have led us to do this analysis for agglomerates of spheres, as well as flake-like particles. We obtain excellent agreement with the limited, published, experimental data. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MECH ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Mondy, LA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ENERGY & MULTIPHASE PROC DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 4 BP 537 EP 546 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(95)00574-9 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT314 UT WOS:A1996UT31400003 ER PT J AU Bernardin, MP Lehnert, BE AF Bernardin, MP Lehnert, BE TI Model of particle-alveolar macrophage relationships during the alveolar clearance of a low lung burden of instilled particles - Reply SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INSOLUBLE PARTICLES; RETENTION; RATS; KINETICS RP Bernardin, MP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP B220,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 4 BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(95)00569-2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT314 UT WOS:A1996UT31400011 ER PT J AU Christensen, AN Norby, P Hanson, JC Shimada, S AF Christensen, AN Norby, P Hanson, JC Shimada, S TI Phase transition of KNO3 monitored by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB The solid-state phase transitions of KNO3 were studied at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 303 to 533 K by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The detectors used were (i) a curved position-sensitive detector and (ii) a moving imaging-plate system built for time-, temperature- and wavelength-dependent powder diffraction. On heating, the transition from alpha-KNO3 to beta-KNO3 occurs at 401 K. On cooling with a cooling rate of 7 K min(-1), the transition from beta-KNO3 to gamma-KNO3 was observed at 388 K. The phase transition from gamma-KNO3 to alpha-KNO3 occurred at temperatures that strongly depended upon the cooling rate. With a high cooling rate of 15 K min(-1) from 403 to 303 , the gamma-KNO3 phase was obtained as a pure phase at 303 K, but it was eventually transformed to alpha-KNO3 at this temperature, and the phase transition at 303 K was complete within 15 min. With a slow cooling rate of 0.5 K min(-1) from 403 to 303 K, the gamma-KNO3 phase was formed at 391 K and transformed at 370 K to alpha-KNO3. With a cooling rate of 7 K min(-1) from 403 to 303 K, the gamma-KNO3 phase transformed to alpha-KNO3 in a temperature range between 377 and 353 K. The two phases could exist simultaneously in temperature ranges that were apparently dependent upon the thermal history of the sample. The unit-cell parameters of gamma-KNO3 from 383 K to room temperature are reported. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. HOKKAIDO UNIV,FAC ENGN,DEPT APPL CHEM,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. RP Christensen, AN (reprint author), AARHUS UNIV,DEPT INORGAN CHEM,DK-8000 AARHUS C,DENMARK. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Norby, Poul/B-9047-2014 OI Norby, Poul/0000-0002-2590-7050 NR 9 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 29 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1107/S0021889895015664 PN 3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UU352 UT WOS:A1996UU35200008 ER PT J AU Togami, TC Baker, WE Forrestal, MJ AF Togami, TC Baker, WE Forrestal, MJ TI A split Hopkinson bar technique to evaluate the performance of accelerometers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION AB We developed a split Hopkinson bar technique to evaluate the performance of accelerometers that measure large amplitude pulses. A nondispersive stress pulse propagates in an aluminium bar and interacts with a tungsten or steel disk at the end of the bar, We measure stress at the aluminum bar-disk interface with a quartz gage and measure acceleration at the fi ee end of the disk with an accelerometer The rise time of the incident stress pulse in the aluminum bar is long enough and the disk length is shout Enough that the response of the disk can be approximated closely as rigid-body motion; an experimentally verified analytical model supports this assumption. Since the cross-sectional area and mass of the disk are known, we calculate acceleration of the rigid disk from the stress measurement and Newton's Second Law. Comparisons of accelerations calculated from the quartz gage data and measured acceleration data show excellent agreement for acceleration pulses with the peak amplitudes between 20,000 and 120,000 G (1 G = 9.81m/s(2)), rise times as short as 20 mu s, and pulse durations between 40 and 70 mu s. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Togami, TC (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT MECH ENGN, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. NR 14 TC 40 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 1996 VL 63 IS 2 BP 353 EP 356 DI 10.1115/1.2788872 PG 4 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UU357 UT WOS:A1996UU35700017 ER PT J AU Chen, SH Chen, SS AF Chen, SH Chen, SS TI Chaotic vibration in fluid-stiffness-controlled instability of a tube row in crossflow SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID STABILITY-CRITERIA; LOOSE SUPPORTS; FLOW; MECHANISMS AB The fluid-elastic instability of tube arrays in heat exchangers may become chaotic, especially when clearances exist between tubes and supports. When chaotic motion appears in tube arrays, significant sliding between the tubes and supports may be induced. An analytical model, consisting of a row of rigid tubes with three tubes supported by springs, is presented. Bifurcation diagrams, Poincare maps, power spectral densities, and tube orbits are used to investigate the conditions under which the unpredictable motion can arise. The emphasis is on fluid-stiffness-controlled instability. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ENERGY TECHNOL DIV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 1996 VL 63 IS 2 BP 487 EP 492 DI 10.1115/1.2788894 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UU357 UT WOS:A1996UU35700039 ER PT J AU Bowen, BM AF Bowen, BM TI Example of reduced turbulence during thunderstorm outflow SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article AB The vertical structures of turbulence, winds, and temperatures are analyzed from a 92-m instrumented tower and a collocated acoustic sodar during an outflow episode from a weak thunderstorm over sloping terrain in northern New Mexico. Prior to the onset of the outflow, strong insolation and light winds caused unstable conditions during the middle part of a June day, as evidenced by the large values of horizontal and vertical turbulence coefficients (sigma(theta) and sigma(phi), respectively) extending from the surface up to at least 750 m above ground level (AGL). There was a dramatic change in wind direction and speed as the gust front passed during the early afternoon. The outflow was a well-defined jet, with its core reaching a maximum average of 16 m s(-1) at 120 m AGL. The sigma(theta) and sigma(phi) values decreased sharply throughout the outflow region, especially near the height of the wind speed maximum (120 m AGL), where sigma(phi) reached a value of only 2 degrees. Consequently, horizontal and vertical dispersion of a hypothetical pollutant could each decrease by about 55% at 12 m AGL to 87% at 120 m AGL up to several kilometers downwind. In rum, this could increase plume centerline concentrations by factors of 1.5 and 14 for releases at 12 and 120 m AGL, respectively. As a result of intensified winds and reduced turbulence in the outflow layer, elevated pollutant concentrations would rapidly be transported downwind before fumigation could lead to elevated pollutant levels at ground level. RP Bowen, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ATMOSPER RELEASE ADV CAPABIL,L-103,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1028 EP 1032 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<1028:EORTDT>2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UV419 UT WOS:A1996UV41900019 ER PT J AU Celliers, P DaSilva, LB Dane, CB Mrowka, S Norton, M Harder, J Hackel, L Matthews, DL Fiedorowicz, H Bartnik, A Maldonado, JR Abate, JA AF Celliers, P DaSilva, LB Dane, CB Mrowka, S Norton, M Harder, J Hackel, L Matthews, DL Fiedorowicz, H Bartnik, A Maldonado, JR Abate, JA TI Optimization of x-ray sources for proximity lithography produced by a high average power Nd:glass laser SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; CONVERSION; RADIATION; TARGETS; MICROLITHOGRAPHY AB We measured the conversion efficiency of laser pulse energy into keV x rays from a variety of solid planar targets and a Xe gas puff target irradiated using a high average power Nd:glass slab laser capable of delivering 13 ns full width at half-maximum pulses at up to 20 J at 1.053 mu m and 12 J at 0.53 mu m. Targets were chosen to optimize emission in the 10-15 Angstrom wavelength band, including L-shell emission from materials with atomic numbers in the range Z=24-30 and M-shell emission from Xe (Z=54). With 1.053 mu m a maximum conversion of 11% into 2 pi sr was measured from solid Xe targets. At 0.527 mu m efficiencies of 12%-18%/(2 pi sr) were measured for all of the solid targets in the same wavelength band. The x-ray conversion efficiency from the Xe gas puff target was considerably lower, at about 3%/(2 pi sr) when irradiated with 1.053 mu m. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIL UNIV TECHNOL, LASER PLASMA INTERACT SECT, INST OPTOELECTR, PL-01489 WARSAW 49, POLAND. IBM CORP, MICROELECT, HOPEWELL JCT, NY 12533 USA. AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. RP Celliers, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8258 EP 8268 DI 10.1063/1.362701 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200015 ER PT J AU Kanel, GI Razorenov, SV Bogatch, A Utkin, AV Fortov, VE Grady, DE AF Kanel, GI Razorenov, SV Bogatch, A Utkin, AV Fortov, VE Grady, DE TI Spall fracture properties of aluminum and magnesium at high temperatures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH AB Measurements of the dynamic tensile strength of aluminum and magnesium have been carried out by investigations of the spall phenomena over a wide range of temperatures, shock-wave intensities, and load durations. Free-surface velocity profiles were recorded with VISAR and used to provide the spall strength measurements. The initial temperature of samples was varied from room temperature to near the melting point. The peak compressive pressure in the shock waves was varied from 5 to 50 GPa for aluminum and from 2 to 10 GPa for magnesium, The load duration was varied by more than one order of magnitude. The free-surface velocity measurements showed a precipitous drop in the spall strength of preheated samples as temperatures approached the melting point. No significant influence of the peak pressure on the spall strength was observed. The strain-rate dependencies of the spall strength could be represented as power functions with a power index of 0.060 for aluminum and 0.072 for magnesium. Unexpectedly large amplitudes for the Hugoniot elastic limit of both aluminum and magnesium were observed at temperatures approaching the melting point. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Kanel, GI (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,HIGH ENERGY DENS RES CTR,IVTAN,IZHORSKAYA 13-19,MOSCOW 127412,RUSSIA. RI Kanel, Gennady/K-1657-2013; Razorenov, Sergei/O-6450-2014 NR 29 TC 105 Z9 113 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8310 EP 8317 DI 10.1063/1.362542 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200024 ER PT J AU Fultz, B Robertson, JL Stephens, TA Nagel, LJ Spooner, S AF Fultz, B Robertson, JL Stephens, TA Nagel, LJ Spooner, S TI Phonon density of states of nanocrystalline Fe prepared by high-energy ball milling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INTRINSIC INSTABILITY; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CRYSTALLINE AB We performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements on nanophase Fe powders prepared by high-energy ball milling. Neutron energy loss spectra were measured for two states of the material: (1) as milled, when the material had a characteristic nanocrystallite size of 12 nm; and (2) annealed, when the material had a characteristic crystallite size of 28 nm. The longitudinal peak in the phonon density of states (DOS) of the nanophase Fe was broadened, compared to that of the annealed material. We attribute this broadening to short phonon lifetimes in nanocrystals. The nanophase material also showed an enhanced density of states at low energies below 15 meV, which may indicate the presence of intercrystallite vibrations. These differences in phonon DOS should have only a small effect on the difference in vibrational entropy of nanocrystalline and larger-grained Fe. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Fultz, B (reprint author), CALTECH,MAIL 138-78,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8318 EP 8322 DI 10.1063/1.362543 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200025 ER PT J AU Kang, SH Kim, C Morris, JW Genin, FY AF Kang, SH Kim, C Morris, JW Genin, FY TI Effect of post-pattern annealing on the grain structure and reliability of Al-based interconnects SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMIGRATION FAILURE; MODEL; FILMS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PRECIPITATION; LIFETIMES; WIDTH AB The possibility is addressed of improving the electromigration resistance of Al and Al-Cu thin-film conductors with ''quasi-bamboo'' structures by post-pattern anneals that decrease the maximum polygranular segment length. Pure Al, Al-2Cu, and Al-2Cu-1Si lines were patterned and annealed at temperatures high enough to stimulate grain growth. Appropriate anneals led to predominantly bamboo structures with short polygranular segments. These grain structures had a high median time to failure with a relatively low deviation of the time to failure. Metallographic analyses showed that polygranular segment length was a dominant factor in determining the failure site. Post-pattern annealing promotes a preferential shortening of the relatively long polygranular segments that cause early failures. However, even after annealing, failure occurred at the longest residual polygranular segments, even when these were significantly shorter than the ''Blech length'' under the test conditions. Statistical analysis of the failure of alloy lines revealed a simple exponential relation between the failure time and the longest polygranular segment length within. line, which is functionally identical to that previously found for lines tested in the as-patterned condition. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Kang, SH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8330 EP 8335 DI 10.1063/1.362545 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200027 ER PT J AU Yu, KM Chan, N Hsu, L AF Yu, KM Chan, N Hsu, L TI Electrical activation and local structure of Se atoms in ion-implanted indium phosphide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE LOCATION; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; IV ELEMENTS; INP; SEMICONDUCTORS; DEFECTS; TEMPERATURE; IMPURITIES; RELAXATION AB The solid phase regrowth, dopant activation, and local environments of Se-implanted InP are investigated with ion-beam techniques and extended x-ray-absorption fine structure spectroscopy. We find that the local Se-In structure is already established in the as-implanted amorphous InP although the Se atoms have a lower average coordination number (similar to 3.5) and no long-range order. After high-temperature rapid thermal annealing (950 degrees C, 5 s), the amorphous InP regrows, becoming a single crystal with the Se atoms bonded to four In neighbors; however, only similar to 50% of the Se becomes electrically active. Part of the Se precipitates in the form of an In-Se phase, another part is compensated by defects which are not totally removed by annealing. The Se-In bond distance for a Se on a P site is 4.5% longer than the matrix In-P bond length, introducing large strains in the crystal. The solid solubility of Se in InP is estimated from our results to be approximate to 8.7 x 10(19)/cm(3) while the electron concentration saturates at 5.4 x 10(19)/cm(3) Se atoms in InP regrown at lower temperatures in a furnace are only similar to 7% electrically active and are found to have different local environments (higher coordination number and shorter bond distance) than those in the InP perfectly regrown at higher temperature. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, KM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, CTR ADV MAT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8445 EP 8450 DI 10.1063/1.362519 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200045 ER PT J AU Farinas, PF Marques, GE Studart, N AF Farinas, PF Marques, GE Studart, N TI Subband mixing in resonant magnetotunneling through double-barrier semiconductor nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOT; TUNNELING DIODES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONS AB We investigate subband mixing in the magnetotunneling of an electron through a double-barrier quantum dot. The fine structure in the current-voltage characteristics, observed in a device formed by a quantum-dot sandwiched by two quantum-wire contacts, is studied as a function of a magnetic field applied along the direction of the tunneling current. The increase of the magnetic field in this one-dimensional-zero-dimensional-one-dimensional tunneling process leads to a transition from a low-field regime dominated by lateral confinement to a high-field regime dominated by magnetic confinement. The fine structure is shifted due to the magnetic field. The main result is that, as the magnetic field increases, the effect of the subband mixing at the interfaces becomes negligible and the fine structure tends to disappear at strong fields. We provide a straightforward interpretation for the mechanism underlying this transition and conjecture that it has the same origin as the one recently observed in a different device. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET DIV MS B262,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI MS K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Farinas, PF (reprint author), UNIV FED SAO CARLOS,DEPT FIS,BR-13565905 SAO CARLOS,SP,BRAZIL. RI Marques, Gilmar Eugenio/G-3528-2015 OI Marques, Gilmar Eugenio/0000-0002-8608-6508 NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8475 EP 8481 DI 10.1063/1.362523 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200050 ER PT J AU Bartkowiak, M Comber, MG Mahan, GD AF Bartkowiak, M Comber, MG Mahan, GD TI Energy handling capability of ZnO varistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE VARISTORS AB Thermal and mechanical behavior of high power ZnO surge arresters under current pulses of various magnitude and duration is simulated. By solving heat transfer equations for a varistor disk with nonuniform electrical properties, we compute the time dependence of the temperature profile and the distribution of thermal stresses. The simulations identify failure processes and determine energy handling capability of varistor elements as a function of the applied current. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data and explain the energy handling dependence upon the surge intensity and duration. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OHIO BRASS CO,HUBBELL INC,WADSWORTH,OH 44281. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Bartkowiak, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8629 EP 8633 DI 10.1063/1.362484 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200077 ER PT J AU Ghislotti, G Nielsen, B AsokaKumar, P Lynn, KG Gambhir, A DiMauro, LF Bottani, CE AF Ghislotti, G Nielsen, B AsokaKumar, P Lynn, KG Gambhir, A DiMauro, LF Bottani, CE TI Effect of different preparation conditions on light emission from silicon implanted SiO2 layers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POROUS SILICON; LUMINESCENCE; INTERFACE; FABRICATION; FILMS AB Visible light emission from Si+-implanted SiO2 layers as a function of different annealing conditions (temperature, time and ambient) is studied. It is shown that a 560 nm band, present in as implanted samples, increases its intensity for increasing annealing temperatures and is still observed after annealing at 1000 degrees C. The emission time is fast (0.5-2 ns). A second band centered at 780 nm is detected after annealing at 1000 degrees C. The intensity of the 780 nm band further increases when hydrogen annealing was performed. The emission time is long (1 mu s-0.3 ms). Based on the annealing behavior and on the emission times, the origin of the two bands is discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. POLITECN MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO INGN NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RP Ghislotti, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009; OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040; Bottani, Carlo Enrico/0000-0002-2015-7043 NR 33 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8660 EP 8663 DI 10.1063/1.362490 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200083 ER PT J AU Welipitiya, D Green, A Woods, JP Dowben, PA Robertson, BW Byun, D Zhang, JD AF Welipitiya, D Green, A Woods, JP Dowben, PA Robertson, BW Byun, D Zhang, JD TI Ultraviolet and electron radiation induced fragmentation of adsorbed ferrocene SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; BORON-CARBIDE FILMS; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; LATERAL INTERACTIONS; THERMAL-DESORPTION; IRON; SURFACE; NICKEL; METALLOCENES AB From thermal desorption spectroscopy we find that ferrocene, Fe(C5H5)(2), adsorbs and desorbs associatively on Ag(100). Photoemission results indicate that the initially adsorbed surface species closely resembles that of molecular ferrocene. The shift in photoemission binding energies relative to the gas phase is largely independent of the molecular orbital. We find that ultraviolet light does lead to partial fragmentation of the ferrocene and that the molecular fragments are much more strongly bound to the surface than the associatively adsorbed ferrocene. Since fragmentation occurs only in the presence of incident radiation, selective area deposition from this class of molecules is possible. Using a focused electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we show that selective area deposition of features with resolution of a few hundred angstroms is readily achieved. (C) 1994 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR MAT RES & ANAL,LINCOLN,NE 68588. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT MECH ENGN,LINCOLN,NE 68588. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV NEBRASKA,BEHLEN LAB PHYS,LINCOLN,NE 68588. RP Welipitiya, D (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 11 BP 8730 EP 8734 DI 10.1063/1.362474 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN852 UT WOS:A1996UN85200094 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, M Trimble, V AF Goldhaber, M Trimble, V TI Limits on the chirality of interstellar and intergalactic space SO JOURNAL OF ASTROPHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE chirality; propagation of light vacuum properties AB We raise the question of whether velocities of left and right circularly-polarized photons might be different (for reasons other than the well-known Faraday effect). Such a difference could manifest itself either in the time profiles of pulsed or bursting astronomical sources or in the rotation of the direction of polarization of linearly polarized radiation from them. The existing observations of pulsars, gamma ray bursters, and quasar jets are used to set limits to the difference in speed, \c(L) - c(R)\/(c) over bar between 10(-17) and 10(-32). C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ASTRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT PHYS,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Goldhaber, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BOX 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 21 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA P B 8005 C V RAMAN AVENUE, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0250-6335 J9 J ASTROPHYS ASTRON JI J. Astrophys. Astron. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1007/BF02709342 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VB334 UT WOS:A1996VB33400003 ER PT J AU Liaw, YP Cook, DR Sisterson, DL AF Liaw, YP Cook, DR Sisterson, DL TI Estimation of lightning stroke peak current as a function of peak electric field and the normalized amplitude of signal strength: Corrections and improvements SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION-LINE MODEL; RETURN STROKES; CALIBRATION; RADIATION; NETWORK AB The authors have made corrections and improvements to published equations relating the peak current and the peak electric field intensity for return strokes of cloud-to-ground lightning. The original published equations were derived from measurements of rocket-wire-triggered lightning made at the Rocker-Triggered-Lightning Program (RTLP) Facility at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Previous articles published by others included errors in the conversion of the equations from volts per meter (for peak electric field), to a proportional quantity, LLP (lightning location and protection units), representing range-normalized signal strength amplitude. The proper conversion procedure and the resultant corrected equations are presented in this paper. Also presented are equations produced by converting other published relationships. The authors combined rocket-triggered-lightning data for 1985-91 from the RTLP facility to produce a regression equation of peak current and range-normalized signal strength amplitude (in LLP units) based on a larger dataset than previous investigators used. The resulting equation supports the conclusion from theoretical work that the peak current varies with range-normalized signal strength amplitude to give a slope of 0.2 for a zero intercept. Most of the regression equations in the text are tabulated; three are compared graphically. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 13 IS 3 BP 769 EP 773 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<0769:EOLSPC>2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UL668 UT WOS:A1996UL66800019 ER PT J AU Khudyakov, I Wolk, CP AF Khudyakov, I Wolk, CP TI Evidence that the hanA gene coding for HU protein is essential for heterocyst differentiation in, and cyanophage A-4(L) sensitivity of, Anabaena sp strain PCC 7120 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HISTONE-LIKE PROTEINS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA; NITROGEN-FIXATION; EXPRESSION; DNA; PCC-7120; MUTANTS; CLONING; TRANSCRIPTION AB The highly pleiotropic, transposon-generated mutant AB22 of Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120 exhibits slow growth, altered pigmentation, cellular fragility, resistance to phage A-4(L), and the inability to differentiate heterocysts. Reconstruction of the transposon mutation in the wild-type strain reproduced the phenotype of the original mutant. Sequencing of the flanking DNA showed that the transposon mutation in the wild-type strain reproduced the phenotype of the original mutant. Sequencing of the flanking DNA showed that the transposon had inserted at the beginning of a gen, which we call hanA, that encodes Anabaena HU protein (R. Nagaraja and R. Haselkorn, Biochimie 76:1082-1089, 1994). Mapping of the transposon insertion by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that han.4 is located at ca. 4.76 Mb on the physical map of the chromosome and is transcribed clockwise. Repeated subculturing of AB22 resulted in improved growth and loss of filament fragmentation, presumably because of one or more compensatory mutations; however, the mutant retained its A-4(L)(r) Het(-) phenotype. The mutation in strain AB22 could be complemented by a fragment of wild-type DNA bearing hanA as its only open reading frame. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. NR 66 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 178 IS 12 BP 3572 EP 3577 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UQ346 UT WOS:A1996UQ34600022 PM 8655556 ER PT J AU George, GN Pickering, IJ Prince, RC Zhou, ZH Adams, MWW AF George, GN Pickering, IJ Prince, RC Zhou, ZH Adams, MWW TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of Pyrococcus furiosus rubredoxin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE; BOND LENGTHS; RESOLUTION; MODEL; NMR; PROTEIN AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to probe the frozen solution structure of the metal site in Pyrococcus furiosus rubredoxin in the native, iron-containing protein and in zinc- and mercury-substituted proteins, For all samples studied, the spectra have been interpreted in terms of a single shell of coordinated sulfur, with approximately tetrahedral coordination. For the native protein we obtain Fe-S bond-lengths of 2.29 and 2.33 Angstrom for oxidized and reduced proteins, respectively. These values are in excellent agreement with those previously obtained from X-ray crystallography. The metal-substituted rubredoxins possess metal-sulfur bond lengths of 2.34 and 2.54 Angstrom for the zinc- and mercury-substituted proteins, respectively. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP George, GN (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,POB 4349,MS 69,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; OI Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0949-8257 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 1 IS 3 BP 226 EP 230 DI 10.1007/s007750050047 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA VV703 UT WOS:A1996VV70300006 ER PT J AU Carstens, JN Bell, AT AF Carstens, JN Bell, AT TI Methane activation and conversion to higher hydrocarbons on supported ruthenium SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; CATALYSTS; DECOMPOSITION; RU(0001); PLATINUM; CH4 AB The interaction of methane with silica-supported Ru has been investigated. Methane is found to undergo dissociative adsorption above 373 K. The prexponential factor for dissociative adsorption is 2.0 x 10(-7)-5.7 x 10(-7) and the activation energy is 5.9-7.0 kcal/mol. Three types of carbon are formed, designated as C-alpha, C-beta, and C-gamma. The distribution among these species is dependent on the total carbon coverage and the length of time that the carbon has been aged at given temperature after deposition. Aging results in the conversion of C-beta to C-alpha. The apparent activation energy for this process is 22w kcal/mol. Hydrogenation of the carbonaceous deposit produces methane and smaller quantities of ethane and propane. The distribution among these products depends on the surface coverage of carbon and the temperature of hydrogenation. Both the distribution of carbonaceous species present on the catalyst surface after dissociative adsorption of CH4 and the distribution of alkanes formed upon isothermal hydrogenation of the carbonaceous deposit depend on whether or not the catalyst has been carburized. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Carstens, JN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 14 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 161 IS 1 BP 423 EP 429 DI 10.1006/jcat.1996.0200 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA UW815 UT WOS:A1996UW81500046 ER PT J AU Salzberg, S Heller, A Zou, JP Collart, FR Huberman, E AF Salzberg, S Heller, A Zou, JP Collart, FR Huberman, E TI Interferon-independent activation of (2'-5') oligoadenylate synthetase in Friend erythroleukemia cell variants exposed to HMBA SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE interferon; 2-5A synthetase; erythroleukemia cell ID C-MYC; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; GROWTH-FACTOR; 2'-5'-OLIGOADENYLATE SYNTHETASE; HEMOGLOBIN-SYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; INDUCTION; RNA; PHOSPHORYLATION AB To provide evidence for the implication of interferon (IFN)induced proteins in the regulation of cell growth during differentiation, the activation of (2'-5') oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5A synthetase) as well as of PKR, two IFN-induced proteins, during differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells, was studied. Two cell variants were used. The first (FL) was completely susceptible to hexamethylene bis-acetamide (HMBA)-treatment and responded in both growth-retardation and hemoglobin synthesis. The second (R1) failed to synthesize hemoglobin in response to HMBA although cell growth was still inhibited. In both cell variants, 2-5A synthetase enzyme activity was induced in a similar fashion, reaching a peak at 26 hours after treatment with HMBA. However, the down regulation of activity thereafter was not identical in both cases. In R1 cells, the reduction was much slower compared to FL cells. A similar pattern was observed with the appearance of the 43 kDa isoform of 2-5A synthetase in immunoblots. An analysis of 2-5A synthetase gene expression revealed the presence of 1.7 kb transcripts which peaked at 16 hours after HMBA-treatment in both cell variants. Again, the down-regulation in expression was slower in R1 than in FL cells. Addition of anti-murine alpha/beta-IFN antibodies did not reduce the level of either 2-5A synthetase expression or enzyme activity in either cell variant. Interestingly, the presence of antibodies also did not affect the pattern of pRb phosphorylation in the cell variants exposed to HMBA. In both cell variants, an increase in the amount of the phosphorylated form (ppRb) was observed in immunoblots after 4 hours. This form was gradually transformed to the underphosphorylated molecule (pRb) with time in culture, even in the presence of antibodies. This further substantiates the notion that IFN-induced regulation of pRb phosphorylation is mediated by IFN-induced proteins. The basal level of either expression or ezymatic activity of PKR detected in untreated FL or R1 cells, was relatively high. Treatment with HMBA did not result in further induction of PKR in either cell variant. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Salzberg, S (reprint author), BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT LIFE SCI,IL-52900 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4DL SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 109 BP 1517 EP 1526 PN 6 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA UU359 UT WOS:A1996UU35900033 PM 8799838 ER PT J AU Bakhtiar, R Hofstadler, SA Smith, RD AF Bakhtiar, R Hofstadler, SA Smith, RD TI Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry .2. Applications in characterization of peptides and proteins SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352. PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM SCI,RICHLAND,WA 99352. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 73 IS 6 BP A118 EP A123 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA UT354 UT WOS:A1996UT35400001 ER PT J AU Ernst, M Kolbert, AC Schmidt-Rohr, K Pines, A AF Ernst, M Kolbert, AC Schmidt-Rohr, K Pines, A TI Isotropic second-order dipolar shifts in the rotating frame SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; SOLIDS; ANGLE; FIELD; SPECTROSCOPY; BIOLOGY; SPINS AB An experiment is described that utilizes the truncation of the Hamiltonian in the rotating frame by a radio-frequency field designed to yield an isotropic shift for the dipolar coupling. This approach allows the measurement of a normally orientation-dependent coupling constant by a single isotropic value. The dipolar isotropic shift is closely related to the field-dependent chemical shift in solids due to the second-order dipolar perturbation observed in magic-angle spinning experiments. In the rotating frame, larger shifts of up to 1000 Hz can be observed for the case of a one-bond C-H coupling compared to a shift of a few Hertz in the laboratory-frame experiment. In addition to the isotropic shift, a line broadening due to the P-4(cos beta) terms is observed when the experiment is carried out under magic-angle sample spinning (MAS) conditions, leading to the requirement of higher-order averaging such as double rotation (DOR) for obtaining narrow lines. As an application of this new experiment the separation of CH, CH2, and CH3 groups in a 2D spectrum under MAS is demonstrated. Implemented under DOR it could be used as a technique to select carbon atoms according to the number of directly attached protons. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Ernst, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, EO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Ernst, Matthias/A-6732-2010 OI Ernst, Matthias/0000-0002-9538-6086 NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 21 BP 8258 EP 8268 DI 10.1063/1.471579 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UM909 UT WOS:A1996UM90900008 ER PT J AU Mathis, JE Compton, RN AF Mathis, JE Compton, RN TI Single and multiple photon ionization of triethylamine SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RELAXATION PROCESSES; TERTIARY-AMINES; EXCITED-STATE; TRIMETHYLAMINE; HYDROCARBONS; SYSTEMS AB Single and multiple photon ionization photoelectron spectroscopy of triethylamine (TEA) was studied using a newly developed high-resolution electron spectrometer which utilizes position sensitive detection. The adiabatic ionization potential of TEA was accurately determined using both single (7.47+/-0.04 eV) and multiphoton (7.53+/-0.10 eV) ionization photoelectron spectroscopy. Although excitation to both the S-1 and S-2 states can occur, multiphoton ionization always occurs out of the S, state. When the cation dissociates, the distribution of photoelectron energies similarly reflects this partitioning between S-1 and S-2. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37931. RP Mathis, JE (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 21 BP 8341 EP 8347 DI 10.1063/1.471585 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UM909 UT WOS:A1996UM90900016 ER PT J AU Pinnaduwage, LA Datskos, PG AF Pinnaduwage, LA Datskos, PG TI Novel technique for real-time monitoring of electron attachment to laser-excited molecules SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE; DISSOCIATIVE ATTACHMENT; SUPEREXCITED STATES; IONIZATION; ENERGY; NO; DETACHMENT; EXCITATION; MECHANISM; HYDROGEN AB We report a new experimental technique that is capable of monitoring electron attachment to laser-excited molecules in real time; the time resolution is limited only by the time constant of the detection circuit and was similar to 100 ps for the experiments reported here. This technique provides information on the lifetime of the excited states responsible for electron attachment, and also allows determination of electron attachment cross sections involved. Results on dissociative electron attachment to ArF-excimer-laser-irradiated NO are reported: Electron attachment occurred to the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=3) state populated via the absorption of a single photon, and to highly excited states populated via two-photon absorption; the cross section for low-energy electron attachment to the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=3) state was similar to 3 orders of magnitude larger compared to that for the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=0). Decay of the electrons over the similar to 200 ns lifetime of the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=3) state was directly monitored. Negative-ion formation that occurred via the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=3) state was suppressed in the presence of CO2 due to collisional quenching of that state by CO2, and the reduction in the A (2) Sigma(+)(nu=3) state lifetime with increasing CO2 pressure was also observed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Pinnaduwage, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 21 BP 8382 EP 8392 DI 10.1063/1.471588 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UM909 UT WOS:A1996UM90900019 ER PT J AU Pellegrini, M GronbechJensen, N Doniach, S AF Pellegrini, M GronbechJensen, N Doniach, S TI Potentials of mean force for biomolecular simulations: Theory and test on alanine dipeptide SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; FREE-ENERGY; WATER; MODEL; HYDRATION; SURFACE; PHASE; PAIR AB We describe a technique for generating potentials of mean force (PMF) between solutes in an aqueous solution. We first generate solute-solvent correlation functions (CF) using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations in which we place a single atom solute in a periodic boundary box containing a few hundred water molecules. We then make use of the Kirkwood superposition approximation, where the 3-body correlation function is approximated as the product of 2-body CFs, to describe the mean water density around two solutes. Computing the force generated on the solutes by this average water density allows us to compute potentials of mean force between the two solutes. For charged solutes an additional approximation involving dielectric screening is made, by setting the dielectric constant of water to epsilon=80. These potentials account, in an approximate manner, for the average effect of water on the atoms. Following the work of Pettitt and Karplus [Chem. Phys. Lett. 121, 194 (1985)], we approximate the n-body potential of mean force as a sum of the pairwise potentials of mean force. This allows us to run simulations of biomolecules without introducing explicit water, hence gaining several orders of magnitude in efficiency with respect to standard molecular dynamics techniques. We demonstrate the validity of this technique by first comparing the PMFs for methane-methane and sodium-chloride generated with this procedure, with those calculated with a standard Monte Carlo simulation with explicit water. We then compare the results of the free energy profiles between the equilibria of alanine dipeptide generated by the two methods. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Pellegrini, M (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 21 BP 8639 EP 8648 DI 10.1063/1.471552 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UM909 UT WOS:A1996UM90900045 ER PT J AU Xantheas, SS AF Xantheas, SS TI On the importance of the fragment relaxation energy terms in the estimation of the basis set superposition error correction to the intermolecular interaction energy SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-FUNCTIONS; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; HYDROGEN-BOND; WATER DIMER; ATOMS; CONVERGENCE; HSO AB The inclusion of the fragment relaxation energy terms in the estimation of the basis set superposition error (BSSE) correction to the interaction energy is necessary in order to ensure formal convergence to the uncorrected result at the complete basis set (CBS) limit. The problems associated with their omission are demonstrated for F-(H2O), Cl-(H2O), and (H2O)(2) especially when very large basis sets are used. The family of correlation consistent basis sets allows for a heuristic extrapolation of both uncorrected and BSSE-corrected electronic energy differences of the three complexes to the MP2 CBS limits of -27.1, -15.1, and -4.9 kcal/mol respectively. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Xantheas, SS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, MS K1-83, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 32 TC 531 Z9 536 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 21 BP 8821 EP 8824 DI 10.1063/1.471605 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UM909 UT WOS:A1996UM90900065 ER PT J AU Berthou, L Duverger, N Emmanuel, F Langouet, S Auwerx, J Guillouzo, A Fruchart, JC Rubin, E Denefle, P Staels, B Branellec, D AF Berthou, L Duverger, N Emmanuel, F Langouet, S Auwerx, J Guillouzo, A Fruchart, JC Rubin, E Denefle, P Staels, B Branellec, D TI Opposite regulation of human versus mouse apolipoprotein A-I by fibrates in human apolipoprotein A-I transgenic mice SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE gene regulation; atherosclerosis; HDL-cholesterol; hypolipidemic drugs; peroxisome proliferation ID ACYL-COA OXIDASE; PEROXISOMAL BETA-OXIDATION; FIBRIC ACID-DERIVATIVES; CHOLESTEROL-FED RATS; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLASMA-LEVELS; FATTY-ACIDS AB The regulation of liver apolipoprotein (ape) A-I gene expression by fibrates was studied in human apo A-I transgenic mice containing a human genomic DNA fragment driving apo A-I expression in liver, Treatment with fenofibrate (0.5% wt/wt) for 7 d increased plasma human apo A-I levels up to 750% and HDL-cholesterol levels up to 200% with a shift to larger particles, The increase in human apo A-I plasma levels was time and dose dependent and was already evident after 3 d at the highest dose (0.5% wt/wt) of fenofibrate, In contrast, plasma mouse apo A-I concentration was decreased after fenofibrate in nontransgenic mice. The increase in plasma human apo A-I levels after fenofibrate treatment was associated with a 97% increase in hepatic human apo A-I mRNA, whereas mouse apo A-I mRNA levels decreased to 51%, In nontransgenic mice, a similar down-regulation of hepatic apo A-I mRNA levels was observed, Nuclear run-on experiments demonstrated that the increase in human apo A-I and the decrease in mouse apo A-I gene expression after fenofibrate occurred at the transcriptional level, Since part of the effects of fibrates are mediated through the nuclear receptor PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor), the expression of the acyl CoA oxidase (AGO) gene was measured as a control of PPAR activation, Both in transgenic and nontransgenic mice, fenofibrate induced ACO mRNA levels up to sixfold, When transgenic mice were treated with gemfibrozil (0.5% wt/wt) plasma human apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol levels increased 32 and 73%, respectively, above control levels. The weaker effect of this compound on human apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol levels correlated with a less pronounced impact on ACO mRNA levels (a threefold increase) suggesting that the level of induction of human apo A-I gene is related to the PPAR activating potency of the fibrate used. Treatment of human primary hepatocytes with fenofibric acid (500 mu M) Provoked an 83 and 50% increase in apo A-I secretion and mRNA levels, respectively, supporting that a direct action of fibrates on liver human apo A-I production leads to the observed increase in plasma apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol. C1 INST PASTEUR,INSERM U325,DEPT ATHEROSCLEROSE,F-59019 LILLE,FRANCE. RHONE POULENC RORER GENCELL,CRVA,DEPT BIOTECHNOL,F-94403 VITRY SUR SEINE,FRANCE. HOP PONTCHAILLOU,U49 INSERM,F-35033 RENNES,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Langouet, Sophie/I-2776-2015; Staels, Bart/N-9497-2016 OI Staels, Bart/0000-0002-3784-1503 NR 68 TC 193 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 97 IS 11 BP 2408 EP 2416 DI 10.1172/JCI118687 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA UQ238 UT WOS:A1996UQ23800004 PM 8647932 ER PT J AU Huynen, MA Perelson, A Vieira, WA Stadler, PE AF Huynen, MA Perelson, A Vieira, WA Stadler, PE TI Base pairing probabilities in a complete HIV-1 RNA SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; RNA secondary structure; folding; partition function; RRE ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; REV-RESPONSE ELEMENT; MAJOR SPLICE DONOR; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; PACKAGING SIGNAL; HAIRPIN STRUCTURE; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MESSENGER-RNA; BINDING-SITE; STEM-I AB We have calculated the base pair probability distribution for the secondary structure of a full length HIV-1 genome using the partition function approach introduced by McCaskill (1990). By analyzing the full distribution of base pair probabilities instead of a restricted number of secondary structures, we gain more complete and reliable information about the secondary structure of HIV-1. We introduce methods that condense the information in the probability distribution to one value per nucleotide in the sequence. Using these methods we represent the secondary structure as a weighted average of the base pair probabilities, and we can identify interesting secondary structures that have relatively well-defined base pairing. The results show high probabilities for the known secondary structures at the 5'-end of the molecule that have been predicted on the basis of biochemical data. The Rev response element (RRE) appears as a distinct element in the secondary structure, It has a meta-stable domain at the high affinity site for the binding of Rev, The overall structure decomposes into fairly small independent structures in the first 4000 bases of the molecule, The remaining 5000 bases (excluding the terminal repeat) form a single, large structure, on top of which the RRE is located. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CRAY RES INC,PARALLEL APPLICAT TECHNOL PROGRAM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV VIENNA,INST THEORET CHEM,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. SANTA FE INST,SANTA FE,NM 87501. RP Huynen, MA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015; Huynen, Martijn/A-1530-2014 OI Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191; NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1066-5277 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 3 IS 2 BP 253 EP 274 DI 10.1089/cmb.1996.3.253 PG 22 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA VB993 UT WOS:A1996VB99300004 PM 8811486 ER PT J AU Oprea, TI Garcia, AE AF Oprea, TI Garcia, AE TI Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships of steroid aromatase inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN LA English DT Article DE 3D QSAR methodology; aromatase inhibition; CoMFA; GOLPE; steroids; XED ID HUMAN PLACENTAL AROMATASE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; MULTIPLE-REGRESSION; DERIVATIVES; CYTOCHROME-P-450; BINDING AB Inhibition of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 that converts androgens to estrogens, is relevant in the therapeutic control of breast cancer. We investigate this inhibition using a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (30 QSAR) method known as Comparative Molecular Field Analysis, CoMFA [Cramer III, R.D. et al., J. Am. Chem. Sec., 110 (1988) 5959]. We analyzed the data for 50 steroid inhibitors [Numazawa, M. et al., J. Med. Chem,, 37 (1994) 2198, and references cited therein] assayed against androstenedione on human placental microsomes. An initial CoMFA resulted in a three-component model for log(1/K-i), with an explained variance r(2) of 0.885, and a cross-validated q(2) of 0.673. Chemometric studies were performed using GOLPE [Baroni, M. et al., Quant. Struct.-Act. Relatsh., 12 (1993) 9]. The CoMFA/GOLPE model is discussed in terms of robustness, predictivity, explanatory power and simplicity. After randomized exclusion of 25 or 10 compounds (repeated 25 times), the q(2) for one component was 0.62 and 0.61, respectively, while r(2) was 0.674. We demonstrate that the predictive r(2) based on the mean activity (Y-m) of the training set is misleading, while the test set Y-m-based predictive r(2) index gives a more accurate estimate of external predictivity. Using CoMFA, the observed differences in aromatase inhibition among C6-substituted steroids are rationalized at the atomic level. The CoMFA fields are consistent with known, potent inhibitors of aromatase, not included in the model. When positioned in the same alignment, these compounds have distinct features that overlap with the steric and electrostatic fields obtained in the CoMFA model. The presence of two hydrophobic binding pockets near the aromatase active site is discussed: a steric bulk tolerant one, common for C4, C6-alpha and C7-alpha substituents, and a smaller one at the C6-beta region. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP T10,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Oprea, Tudor/A-5746-2011 OI Oprea, Tudor/0000-0002-6195-6976 NR 60 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ESCOM SCI PUBL BV PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 214, 2300 AE LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-654X J9 J COMPUT AID MOL DES JI J. Comput.-Aided Mol. Des. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 186 EP 200 DI 10.1007/BF00355042 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Computer Science GA UV020 UT WOS:A1996UV02000002 PM 8808736 ER PT J AU Biefeld, RM Chui, HC Hammons, BE Breiland, WG Brennan, TM Jones, ED Kim, MH Grodzinski, P Chang, KH Lee, HC AF Biefeld, RM Chui, HC Hammons, BE Breiland, WG Brennan, TM Jones, ED Kim, MH Grodzinski, P Chang, KH Lee, HC TI High purity GaAs and AlGaAs grown using tertiarybutylarsine, trimethylaluminum, and trimethylgallium SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; TERTIARY-BUTYLARSINE; BEAM EPITAXY; DEPOSITION; ARSINE AB We have grown high purity AlGaAs by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using tertiarybutylarsine (TEA), trimethylgallium, and trimethylaluminum. We have achieved p-type carrier concentrations less than 4 x 10(14) cm(-3) and a mobility of 1015 cm(2)/V . s at 77 K. Photoluminescence measurements at 4 K yielded bound exciton linewidths as narrow as 4.3 meV, the narrowest reported linewidths for AlGaAs grown using TEA. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements found C, O, Si, and S concentrations below the instrument detection limits. A two level factorial design was used to investigate the effects of temperature, V/III ratio, and group III partial pressure on the mobility, carrier concentration, and growth rate. High V/III ratios at temperatures between 640-700 degrees C gave the highest quality material. Increasing the V/III ratio caused a decrease in the growth rates of both GaAs and AlGaAs using either arsine or TEA. This dependence can be explained by a competitive adsorption model where excess group V species complete with group III atoms for group III surface sites. C1 MOTOROLA INC,PHOENIX CORP RES LABS,TEMPE,AZ 85284. RP Biefeld, RM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN PY 1996 VL 163 IS 3 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(95)00984-1 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA UR623 UT WOS:A1996UR62300003 ER PT J AU Kinney, JH Haupt, DL Balooch, M White, JM Bell, WL Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW AF Kinney, JH Haupt, DL Balooch, M White, JM Bell, WL Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW TI The threshold effects of Nd and Ho:YAG laser-induced surface modification on demineralization of dentin surfaces SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE lasers; dentin; crystallite size; demineralization; microtomography ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; DIMENSIONAL CHANGES; TOOTH ENAMEL; CARIES; MICROSCOPY; PREVENTION; CO2-LASER; RADIATION AB Laser irradiation alters the structure of dentin and produces surface layers that give the appearance of being more enamel-like. The laser-modified surface may be more resistant to demineralization; hence, many investigators are proposing continued development of the laser as a possible preventive treatment for caries. The purpose of this study was to explore the morphological changes that occur in dentin when treated at threshold illuminance with two clinically interesting laser wavelengths, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the laser-treated surface at resisting demineralization in an acid-gel solution. The Nd:YAG laser (wavelength 1060 nm) produced significant recrystallization and grain growth of the apatite, without the formation of second phases such as beta-tricalcium phosphate. This recrystallized surface layer showed resistance to demineralization; however, the layer did not provide protection of the underlying dentin from demineralization because of cracks and macroscopic voids that allowed for penetration of the demineralizing gel. The Ho:YAG laser-treated surface (wavelength 2100 nm) did not show significant evidence of recrystallization and grain growth, and only a trace amount of an acid-resistant layer was observed with demineralization. It is speculated that the Ho:YAG laser is coupling with absorbed water, and that the heat transfer from the water to the mineral phase is inefficient. For the purposes of creating a demineralization-resistant layer, threshold illuminance with both Nd:YAG and Ho:YAG was ineffective. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RESTORAT DENT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP Kinney, JH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 5508,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01DE09859] NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1388 EP 1395 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VK230 UT WOS:A1996VK23000010 PM 8831634 ER PT J AU Coutts, TJ Wu, X Mulligan, WP Webb, JM AF Coutts, TJ Wu, X Mulligan, WP Webb, JM TI High-performance, transparent conducting oxides based on cadmium stannate SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE cadmium stannate; transparent conducting oxides ID ENERGY AB We discuss the modeling of thin films of transparent conducting oxides and we compare the predictions with the observed properties of cadmium stannate. Thin films of this material were deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The Drude free-carrier model is used to model the optical and electrical properties. The model demonstrates the need for high mobilities. The free-carrier absorbance in the visible spectrum is used as a comparative figure-of-merit for cadmium stannate and tin oxide. This shows that free-carrier absorbance is much less in cadmium stannate than in tin oxide. X-ray diffraction shows that annealed films consist of a single-phase spinel structure. The postdeposition annealing sequence is shown to be crucial to forming a single phase, which is vital for optimal optical and electrical properties. The films are typically high mobility (up to 65 cm(2) V-1 s(-1)) and have carrier concentrations as high as 10(21) cm(-3). Resistivities are as low as 1.3 10(-4) Omega cm, the lowest values reported for cadmium stannate. Atomic force microscopy indicates that the root-mean-square surface roughness is approximately +/- 15 Angstrom. Cadmium stannate etches readily in both hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, which is a commanding advantage over tin oxide. RP Coutts, TJ (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 11 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 25 IS 6 BP 935 EP 943 DI 10.1007/BF02666727 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA UQ174 UT WOS:A1996UQ17400003 ER PT J AU Christ, SA Toth, GP McCarthy, HW Torsella, JA Smith, MK AF Christ, SA Toth, GP McCarthy, HW Torsella, JA Smith, MK TI Monthly variation in sperm motility in common carp assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carp; season; sperm motility; CASA; sperm concentration; osmolality ID CYPRINUS-CARPIO; SPERMATOZOA; STIMULATION; SEMEN; OSMOLALITY; POTASSIUM; FISHES AB Sperm motility variables from the mill of the common carp Cyprinus carpio were assessed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system across several months (March-August 1992) known to encompass the natural spawning period. Two-year-old pond-raised males obtained each month were primed with an exogeneous hormone injection of carp pituitary extract and stripped of milt 18-24 h later. The milt was diluted, activated and videotaped using a high-speed (200 Hz) videocamera and recorder. Videotaped samples were subsequently analysed using the CellTrak/S CASA system (Motion Analysis Corp.) for percent motility, curvilinear and straight-line velocity. In addition to assessing changes in motility parameters across several months, a comparison was made between two predilution/activation media combinations (homologous seminal plasma/NaCl+HEPES v. 2-h incubation in 200 mM KCl+Tris/Tris). The percentage of motile cells assessed immediately after activation was significantly greater in the summer months (May, June, July) when compared to a spring sampling point (March); when assessed 1 min after activation, cells prediluted in seminal plasma maintained a higher percentage of motility than those prediluted in KCl. Curvilinear and straight-line velocities exhibited a slight seasonal trend; variations in response to the predilution treatments were observed with these measurements. Sperm count gradually increased through April and May (9.63 x 10.9 to 2.38 x 10(10) ml(-1) milt), declined in June and July (to 1.83 x 10(10) ml(-1) milt), and was followed by a steep increase in August (2.74 x 10(10) ml(-1) milt). Mean seminal plasma osmolality remained relatively constant (250-265 mOsmol kg(-1)) throughout the sampling period. (C) 1996 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,CINCINNATI,OH. TECHNOL APPLICAT INC,CINCINNATI,OH. RP Christ, SA (reprint author), US EPA,NATL EXPOSURE RES LAB,AQUAT RES DIV,ECOL MONITORING RES BRANCH,CELLULAR & BIOCHEM MAR,CINCINNATI,OH 45268, USA. NR 34 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1210 EP 1222 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01815.x PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA UV396 UT WOS:A1996UV39600014 ER PT J AU Cai, Y Wambsganss, MW Jendrzejczyk, JA AF Cai, Y Wambsganss, MW Jendrzejczyk, JA TI Application of chaos theory in identification of two-phase flow patterns and transitions in a small, horizontal, rectangular channel SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE-FLUCTUATIONS; 2-PHASE FLOW; TIME-SERIES; REGIMES; NOISE AB Various measurement tools that are used in chaos theory were applied to analyze two-phase pressure signals with the objective of identifying and interpreting pow pattern transitions for two-phase flows in a small, horizontal rectangular channel. These measurement tools included power spectral density function, autocorrelation function, pseudo-phase-plane trajectory Lyapunov exponents, and fractal dimensions. It was demonstrated that the randomlike pressure fluctuations characteristic of two-phase flow in small rectangular channels are chaotic, and governed by a high-order deterministic system. The correlation dimension is potentially a new approach for identifying certain two-phase flow patterns and transitions. RP Cai, Y (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 1996 VL 118 IS 2 BP 383 EP 390 DI 10.1115/1.2817390 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UV425 UT WOS:A1996UV42500025 ER PT J AU Birn, J Hesse, M Schindler, K AF Birn, J Hesse, M Schindler, K TI MHD simulations of magnetotail dynamics SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; GENERAL MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; TAIL CURRENT DISRUPTION; NEAR-EARTH MAGNETOTAIL; SUBSTORM CURRENT WEDGE; SELF-CONSISTENT THEORY; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; CURRENT SHEET; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; PLASMOID EVOLUTION AB Resistive MHD simulations of large-scale magnetotail dynamics demonstrate that the same unstable mode causes plasmoid formation and ejection into the far tail and dipolarization and the formation of the substorm current wedge in the inner tail, consistent with the neutral line model of substorms. However, they have also modified some aspects of the model and added details that could not easily be inferred without the self-consistent approach. We review recent results that include the externally driven formation of a thin current sheet in the near tail, which eases the onset of instability and leads to a faster dynamic evolution. In contrast to earlier expectations, the field-aligned current generation and diversion takes place in the inner tail earthward of the reconnection site, resulting from shear and diversion of the earthward flow caused by reconnection farther out. Dipolarization starts most pronounced in the tail-dipole transition region, propagating both tailward and flankward. Strong electric fields and plasma heating also are most prominent in the inner tail. Three-dimensional simulations without mirror symmetries have generalized the picture of plasmoid formation and ejection, demonstrating a tangled geometry of helical flux ropes with different connections that change increasingly from the Earth to the magnetosheath. The interconnection with the magnetosheath may also play a role in generating plasmoid flux ropes with strong core fields. Mass, energy, and momentum gain of plasmoids results mainly from the accumulation of already accelerated plasma rather than from a sling shot effect acting on the entire plasmoid. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ELECTRODYNAM BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. RP Birn, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 94 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A6 BP 12939 EP 12954 DI 10.1029/96JA00611 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UP353 UT WOS:A1996UP35300002 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Vazquez, VM Winske, D AF Gary, SP Vazquez, VM Winske, D TI Electromagnetic proton cyclotron instability: Proton velocity distributions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL MAGNETOSPHERE; MIRROR INSTABILITY; PLASMA TROUGH; ION; SHEET; WAVES AB The hot (T-h similar to 10 keV) protons of the outer magnetosphere are frequently observed to have T-perpendicular to/T-parallel>, where the subscripts denote directions relative to the background magnetic field. This anisotropy leads to the growth of the electromagnetic proton cyclotron anisotropy instability, which implies two concise scaling relations: an upper bound on T-perpendicular to h/T-parallel to h and an expression for the apparent temperature of warm (T-w similar to 10 eV) protons heated by this instability. One-dimensional hybrid simulations of this instability in a homogeneous plasma have been used to examine the velocity distribution response of both hot and warm protons. Results are that the enhanced fluctuations from this instability not only preserve the initially bi-Maxwellian character of a hot proton distribution but also drive a hot distribution which is initially nongyrotropic rapidly toward the gyrotropic condition. These results further support the validity of the hot proton temperature anisotropy upper bound. Although wave-particle interactions yield nongyrotropic f(w)(upsilon(perpendicular to)) distributions, the f(w)(upsilon(parallel to)) remain Maxwellian-like as they are heated by the enhanced fluctuations. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Gary, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A6 BP 13327 EP 13333 DI 10.1029/96JA00295 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UP353 UT WOS:A1996UP35300025 ER PT J AU McAllister, AH Dryer, M McIntosh, P Singer, H Weiss, L AF McAllister, AH Dryer, M McIntosh, P Singer, H Weiss, L TI A large polar crown coronal mass ejection and a ''problem'' geomagnetic storm: April 14-23, 1994 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISAPPEARING SOLAR FILAMENTS; MAGNETIC STORMS; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; EVENTS; WIND; DEPENDENCE; PROMINENCE; STREAMER; FLARES; EARTH AB In the 1960s and 1970s, systematic programs to associate geomagnetic storms with solar flares gave rise to a category of ''problem storms'' for which there were no clear associations or for which the associations were with solar activity that seemed too insignificant to properly account for the magnitude of the geomagnetic events. In the last 2 decades the role of filament eruptions and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in driving geomagnetic activity has received increasing attention, and an answer to the problem storm question has been pieced together. Until recently the inability to view CMEs on the solar disk has impeded a precise demonstration of the inferred relationships. The data from the Yohkoh Soft X ray Telescope (SXT), however, allow the association of soft X ray coronal structures with the aftermath of CMEs. Since CMEs are now believed to be the main cause of aperiodic severe disturbances of Earth's magnetosphere, the ability to distinguish the aftermath of a CME on the disk improves our ability to predict geomagnetic storms. On April 14, 1994, a large scale coronal arcade formation was observed by SXT after the eruption of a long section of the southern polar crown neutral line. Data from the Mauna Loa coronagraph are consistent with this event being the result of a CME that formed in the helmet streamer underlying the heliospheric current sheet. The CME was followed by a severe geomagnetic storm, starting 68 hr later, and was also observed at 3.2 AU and high heliographic latitude by the Ulysses satellite. Since there was no significant flare associated with the eruption, and no significant filament disappearance, the subsequent geomagnetic events are an extreme example of a problem storm and of the great utility of soft X ray imagers for the prediction of space weather. In this paper we have assembled a wide range of data relating to the solar event, the evolution of the region that generated it, and the various observed consequences at Earth and in the interplanetary medium. The global magnetic field changes leading to the CME are outlined, a brief description of the coronal arcade formation is given, and the arcade's association with subsequent events at Earth and the interplanetary disturbance observed at Ulysses is described. We present this case as an example of the advantages to be derived from a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to studying these potentially disruptive phenomena. C1 SPACE ENVIRONM CTR, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV COLORADO, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 82 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A6 BP 13497 EP 13515 DI 10.1029/96JA00510 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UP353 UT WOS:A1996UP35300043 ER PT J AU Clement, TP Wise, WR Molz, FJ Wen, MH AF Clement, TP Wise, WR Molz, FJ Wen, MH TI A comparison of modeling approaches for steady-state unconfined flow SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; UNSATURATED SOILS AB The Dupuit-Forchheimer, the fully saturated flow, and the variably saturated flow models, are compared for problems involving steady-state, unconfined how through porous media. The variably saturated flow model is the most comprehensive of the three and requires more parameters. The performances of the three models are compared for different soil properties, problem dimensions, and how geometries. There are certain types of problems where the simpler models may yield satisfactory results. For soils with large pores and/or broad pore-size-density functions, the variably saturated how model solutions to steady-state problems approach those of the fully saturated flow model, owing to the manner in which the soil-water retention curve and relative permeability function, respectively, affect the variably saturated flow model solutions. For problems of significant size, the fully saturated how model may be sufficient, as the effects of the vadose zone are relatively diminished. For problems with radial symmetry (e.g. steady flow to a well), the fully saturated flow model performs well because the variably saturated flow model is relatively insensitive to the parameters describing the soil properties, as the amount of vadose zone how, compared with the total flow, is relatively insignificant in such problems. C1 UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT ENVIRONM ENGN SCI, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. CLEMSON UNIV, ENVIRONM SYST ENGN DEPT, RICH ENVIRONM RES LABS, CLEMSON, SC 29634 USA. AUBURN UNIV, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 181 IS 1-4 BP 189 EP 209 DI 10.1016/0022-1694(95)02904-4 PG 21 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA UU524 UT WOS:A1996UU52400010 ER PT J AU Schmidt, KN Podda, M Packer, L Baeuerle, PA AF Schmidt, KN Podda, M Packer, L Baeuerle, PA TI Anti-psoriatic drug anthralin activates transcription factor NF-kappa B in murine keratinocytes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INTACT-CELLS; DITHRANOL; INHIBITION; OXYGEN; INFLAMMATION; PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY; ANTIOXIDANTS; METHIMAZOLE AB Anthralin is one of the most effective and safest therapeutic agents for the treatment of psoriasis, a skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and hyperkeratosis. The drug induces an inflammatory response in the skin involving the expression of cytokine and cell adhesion molecule genes that is thought to be essential for its therapeutic efficacy. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) generated in vivo during the auto-oxidation of anthralin were discussed as mediators of the inflammatory response, but it is not yet understood how this is translated into novel inflammatory gene expression. In this study, we show that as little as 10 mu M anthralin can activate a prototypic form of transcription factor NF-kappa B, a central transcriptional regulator of inflammatory and immune responses, Two different lines of evidence show that ROIs, in particular H2O2, are second messengers for the anthralin-induced NF-kappa B activation. Firstly, the activation could be inhibited by the structurally unrelated antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. Secondly, keratinocytes stably overexpressing catalase showed a significant reduction of NF-kappa B activation, while stable overexpression of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase augmented the anthralin effect. Our data suggest that ROI-induced NF-kappa B plays a role in the anti-psoriatic activity of the drug anthralin. C1 UNIV FREIBURG, INST BIOCHEM, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL, MEMBRANE BIOENERGET GRP, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 69 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 156 IS 11 BP 4514 EP 4519 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA UM244 UT WOS:A1996UM24400059 PM 8666828 ER PT J AU Schreuders, PD Kassis, JN Mazur, P AF Schreuders, PD Kassis, JN Mazur, P TI The kinetics of embryo drying in Drosophila melanogaster as a function of the steps in permeabilization: Theoretical SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Drosophila melanogaster; kinetic model; permeabilization protocol; permeability; embryo dehydration ID EGGS AB Previously, we gravimetrically examined the Drosophila embryos' rate of air drying after each step in their permeabilization; namely, (1) dechorionation, (2) isopropanol exposure, and (3) heptane/butanol exposure. Here we describe a physical model characterizing the dehydration and compare the theory with the experimental kinetics. The model is based on those of Eyring. It treats the net flux (J(net)) through the membrane as the sum of two opposing fluxes (air --> embryo {a} and embryo --> air {i}). Each flux is the product of a kinetic constant (k), the number of embryos in the sample (n), and the water concentration (C). Thus, J(net)=k(a)nC(a)-k(i)nC(i). The relationship between k(i) and k(a), for embryos in steady state with room humidity, is k(i)/k(a)=Ca/C-i. Determining the k values requires the mass and density of the embryo solids, n, C-i as a function of drying time, and the steady-state value of C-i. Following integration of the flux equation, linear regression was used to determine k(i). k(a) was computed using the previous equation. The resulting values for k(a) are 3.96, 26.70, 17.40, and 258.00 mm(3)/embryo . h for untreated embryos and embryos treated with, (1), (1)+(2), (1)+(2)+(3), respectively. The corresponding values for k(i) (x10(6)) are 484, 3680, 2800, and 47,300 mm(3)/embryo . h. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,FUNDAMENTAL & APPL CRYOBIOL GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Schreuders, PD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 42 IS 6 BP 603 EP 615 DI 10.1016/0022-1910(95)00125-5 PG 13 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA UW219 UT WOS:A1996UW21900009 ER PT J AU Pan, D Gatley, SJ Chen, R Ding, YS AF Pan, D Gatley, SJ Chen, R Ding, YS TI Iodine-123 labeled derivatives of methylphenidate: Potential SPECT radiopharmaceuticals for brain dopamine transporters SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE dopamine transporter; iodine-123; SPECT; cocaine; Ritalin ID COCAINE; BINDING; INVIVO AB Since dl-threo-[C-11]methylphenidate (Ritalin) and especially the more active enantiomer, d-threo-[C-11]methylphenidate, have favorable properties for PET studies, we prepared two radioiodinated analogs of methylphenidate, p-[I-123]iodomethylphenidate and m-[I-123]iodo-p-hydroxymethylphenidate with a view to evaluating them as potential SPECT tracers. To prepare p-[I-123]iodomethylphenidate, the p-tributyltin derivative was prepared from the previously reported p-bromomethylphenidate and reacted under acidic conditions with I-123 iodide plus chloramine-T at room temperature for 90 seconds. The predominant radioactive product was obtained in 85% radiochemical yield and >10 Ci/mu mol specific radioactivity after HPLC purification. It had the same HPLC retention time as a spectroscopically characterized non-radioactive p-iodomethylphenidate standard prepared via nitration of methylphenidate and diazotizadon, after protection of the secondary amino group by benzoylation. A second radioiodinated methylphenidate derivative, m-[I-123]iodo-p-hydroxymethylphenidate was prepared in 80% radiochemical yield by direct iodination of the known p-hydroxymethylphenidate. In this case the non-radioactive standard was prepared by iodination of p-hydroxyritalinic acid using I-2 and iodic acid, followed by esterification. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 38 IS 6 BP 523 EP 532 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1344(199606)38:6<523::AID-JLCR863>3.0.CO;2-# PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA UQ632 UT WOS:A1996UQ63200002 ER PT J AU Hackel, LA Dane, CB Hermann, MR Honig, J Zapata, LE Norton, MA AF Hackel, LA Dane, CB Hermann, MR Honig, J Zapata, LE Norton, MA TI High-power, high-beam-quality solid-state lasers for materials processing applications SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The Laser Science and Technology Department at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is developing solid-state lasers with high average power and high beam quality. Specific systems include a laser to generate 1.0-1.4 nm X-rays for proximity print lithography, a 400-mJ, 500-Hz laser for 13.0 nm projection lithography and unique systems for speckle imaging, laser radars, and medical treatments. RP Hackel, LA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826 SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 3 BP 169 EP 173 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA UR844 UT WOS:A1996UR84400008 ER PT J AU Iness, J Ramamurthy, B Mukherjee, B Bala, K AF Iness, J Ramamurthy, B Mukherjee, B Bala, K TI Elimination of all-optical cycles in wavelength-routed optical networks SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A transparent (wide-area) wavelength-routed optical network may be constructed by using wavelength cross-connect switches connected together by fiber to form an arbitrary mesh structure, The network is accessed through electronic stations that are attached to some of these cross-connects, These wavelength cross-connect switches have the property that they may configure themselves into unspecified states, Each input pore of a switch is always connected to some output port of the switch whether or not such a connection is required for the purpose of information transfer, Due to the presence of these unspecified states, there exists the possibility of setting up unintended all-optical cycles in the network (viz., a loop with no terminating electronics in it), If such a cycle contains amplifiers [e.g., Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA's)], there exists the possibility that the net loop gain is greater than the net loop loss, The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise from amplifiers can build up in such a feedback loop to saturate the amplifiers and result in oscillations of the ASE noise in the loop, Such all-optical cycles as defined above (and hereafter referred to as ''white'' cycles) must be eliminated from an optical network in order for the network to perform any useful operation, Furthermore, for the realistic case in which the wavelength cross-connects result in signal crosstalk, there is a possibility of having closed cycles with oscillating crosstalk signals, We examine algorithms that set up new transparent optical connections upon request while avoiding the creation of such cycles in the network, These algorithms attempt to find a route for a connection and then (in a post-processing fashion) configure switches such that white cycles that might get created would automatically get eliminated, In addition, our call-set-up algorithms can avoid the possibility of crosstalk cycles. C1 BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. RP Iness, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT COMP SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. RI Ramamurthy, Byrav/B-3430-2008 OI Ramamurthy, Byrav/0000-0002-4104-7513 NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1207 EP 1217 DI 10.1109/50.511622 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA UT346 UT WOS:A1996UT34600031 ER PT J AU Watanabe, A Swift, GW Brisson, JG AF Watanabe, A Swift, GW Brisson, JG TI Uniform temperature cooling power of the superfluid stirling refrigerator SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Uniform temperature cooling power measurements of a superfluid Stirling refrigator are presented for He-3-He-4 molar concentrations of 5.9%, 17% and 36% and for temperatures between 0.37 K and 1.4 K. The results are compared to an ideal Fermi gas model and to a more general thermodynamic model. The Fermi model agrees well with the 5.9% concentration data; however, the more elaborate model is needed for higher concentration mixtures. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Watanabe, A (reprint author), MIT,CRYOGEN ENGN LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 103 IS 5-6 BP 273 EP 293 DI 10.1007/BF00754789 PG 21 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VC053 UT WOS:A1996VC05300002 ER PT J AU Britt, PF Hurst, GB Buchanan, MV AF Britt, PF Hurst, GB Buchanan, MV TI Synthesis of electrophore-labeled oligonucleotides and characterization by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE electrophores; oligonucleotides; derivatization; MALDI; sequencing ID HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DNA; ULTRAVIOLET AB Recent work to apply mass spectrometric methods to DNA analysis has led to the attachment of an electrophore to an oligonucleotide primer, with the purpose of investigating whether the advantages of electron capture ionization (increased ionization efficiency, reduced fragmentation) could be extended to larger molecules, such as Sanger sequence ladders. The stability of the electrophore-modified primers under conditions encountered during matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) was investigated. Four different electrophore labels were successfully attached to the 5' terminus of a 17-base, single-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotide sequencing primer, The attached electrophore tags are robust under conditions used for sample preparation and MALDIMS, and little or no fragmentation resulting from loss of the electrophore was observed. While no sensitivity enhancement was observed for the electrophore-labeled DNA, mass spectrometric conditions are discussed under which the electrophore labels could enhance the detection of DNA sequencing ladders. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Buchanan, Michelle/J-1562-2016 OI Buchanan, Michelle/0000-0002-8078-4575 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1 R55 HG/OD00819-01A1] NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 661 EP 668 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199606)31:6<661::AID-JMS341>3.3.CO;2-H PG 8 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UQ849 UT WOS:A1996UQ84900013 PM 8799300 ER PT J AU Wu, QY Cheng, XH Hofstadler, SA Smith, RD AF Wu, QY Cheng, XH Hofstadler, SA Smith, RD TI Specific metal-oligonucleotide binding studied by high resolution tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE collision-induced dissociation; oligonucleotides; metal binding; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; electrospray ID DNA; DISSOCIATION; PLATINUM; CLEAVAGE; SALTS AB Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) was used to study the binding of metal ions to two oligonucleotides, d(pGCTTGCATp) and d(TTGGCCCTCCTT). Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the metal-oligonucleotide complex revealed that metal ions preferentially bound to the central thymine region of the sequence. The most probable binding sites were the phosphodiester backbone since the sum of the maximum number of charge addition from the metal ions and the charge state of the whole complex was found to be equal to the number of ionizable protons on the DNA backbone. Although site-specific and sequence-specific binding was observed for all three of the metal ions studied, the binding specificity of UO22+ ions was significantly greater than for Mg2+ and Na+. These experiments demonstrate that ESI-MS/MS can be applied to study the binding of metal ions and their complexes to oligonucleotides, providing not only information on the number of metal ions binding to the oligonucleotide, but also information related to the binding site(s) and binding specificity. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 33 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 669 EP 675 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199606)31:6<669::AID-JMS340>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UQ849 UT WOS:A1996UQ84900014 PM 8799301 ER PT J AU Weihs, TP Barbee, TW Wall, MA AF Weihs, TP Barbee, TW Wall, MA TI A low-temperature technique for measuring enthalpies of formation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE AMORPHIZATION; COPPER-ZIRCONIUM; CALORIMETRY; MULTILAYER; PHASES; ALLOYS; BINARY; ZR AB A technique to accurately measure the formation enthalpies of transition metal compounds at relatively low temperatures using thick multilayer foils and differential scanning calorimetry is demonstrated. The enthalpy of formation of Cu51Zr14 was measured using 25 mu m thick, free-standing Cu-Zr multilayer foils. The multilayers were deposited onto Si substrates using a planetary, magnetron source sputtering system. They were removed from their substrates, cut into 6 mm diameter specimens, and scanned in temperature from 50 degrees C to 725 degrees C in a differential scanning calorimeter. Three distinct exothermic reactions were systematically observed. The heats from the first two reactions were summed and then analyzed using a simple model that accounts for interfacial reactions and heat losses during deposition. The enthalpy of formation for Cu51Zr14 was measured to be 14.3 +/- 0.3 kJ/mol. This quantity agrees with the single value of Delta H-f = 14.07 +/- 1.07 kJ/mol reported in the literature for this Cu-Zr compound. The advantages of measuring formation enthalpies using thick multilayer foils and low temperature calorimetry are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Weihs, TP (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 8 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1403 EP 1409 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0176 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UQ664 UT WOS:A1996UQ66400011 ER PT J AU Ley, KL Krumpelt, M Kumar, R Meiser, JH Bloom, J AF Ley, KL Krumpelt, M Kumar, R Meiser, JH Bloom, J TI Glass-ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells .1. Physical properties SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEVITRIFICATION INHIBITOR AB A family of sealant materials has been developed for use in the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and in other applications in the temperature range of 800-1000 degrees C. These materials are based on glasses and glass-ceramics in the SrO-La2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system. The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for these materials are in the range of 8-13 x 10(-6)/degrees C, a good match with those of the SOFC components. These sealant materials bond well with the ceramics of the SOFC and, more importantly, form bonds that can be thermally cycled without failure. At the fuel cell operating temperature, the sealants have viscosities in the range of 10(4)-10(6) Pa-s, which allow them to tolerate a CTE mismatch of about 20% among the bonded substrates. The gas tightness of a sample seal was demonstrated in a simple zirconia-based oxygen concentration cell. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ELECTROCHEM TECHNOL PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 17 TC 148 Z9 152 U1 2 U2 40 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1489 EP 1493 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0185 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UQ664 UT WOS:A1996UQ66400020 ER PT J AU Drewien, CA Eatough, MO Tallant, DR Hills, CR Buchheit, RG AF Drewien, CA Eatough, MO Tallant, DR Hills, CR Buchheit, RG TI Lithium-aluminum-carbonate-hydroxide hydrate coatings on aluminum alloys: Composition, structure, and processing bath chemistry SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE AB A new corrosion resistant coating, being designed for possible replacement of chromate conversion coatings on aluminum alloys, was investigated for composition, structure, and solubility using a variety of techniques. The stoichiometry of the material, prepared by immersion of 1100 Al alloy into a lithium carbonate-lithium hydroxide solution, was approximately Li2Al4CO3(OH)(12).3H2O. Processing time was shown to be dependent upon the bath pH, and consistent coating formation required supersaturation of the coating bath with aluminum. The exact crystal structure of this hydrotalcite material, hexagonal or monoclinic, was not determined. It was shown that both the bulk material and coatings with the same nominal composition and crystal structure could be formed by precipitation from an aluminum supersatured solution of lithium carbonate. RP Drewien, CA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MAT & PROC SCI CTR,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1507 EP 1513 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0188 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UQ664 UT WOS:A1996UQ66400023 ER PT J AU Thompson, GS Rickman, JM Harmer, MP Holm, EA AF Thompson, GS Rickman, JM Harmer, MP Holm, EA TI The effects of particle size distribution and induced unpinning during grain growth SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The effect of a second-phase particle size distribution on grain boundary pinning was studied using a Monte Carlo simulation technique. Simulations were run using a constant number density of both whisker and rhombohedral particles, and the effect of size distribution was studied by varying the standard deviation of the distribution around a constant mean particle size, The results of present simulations indicate that, in accordance with the stereological assumption of the topological pinning model, changes in distribution width had no effect on the pinned grain size. The effect of induced unpinning of particles on microstructure was also studied. In contrast to predictions of the topological pinning model, a power law dependence of pinned grain size on particle size was observed at T = 0.0. Based on this a systematic deviation to the stereological predictions of the topological pinning model is observed. The results of simulations at higher temperatures indicate an increasing power law dependence of pinned grain size on particle size, with the slopes of the power law dependencies fitting an Arrhenius relation, The effect of induced unpinning of particles was also studied in order to obtain a correlation between particle/boundary concentration and equilibrium grain size. The results of simulations containing a constant number density of monosized rhombohedral particles suggest a strong power law correlation between the two parameters. C1 LEHIGH UNIV,MAT RES CTR,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Thompson, GS (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016 OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1520 EP 1527 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0190 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UQ664 UT WOS:A1996UQ66400025 ER PT J AU Butt, DP Korzekwa, DA Maloy, SA Kung, H Petrovic, JJ AF Butt, DP Korzekwa, DA Maloy, SA Kung, H Petrovic, JJ TI Impression creep behavior of SiC particle MoSi2 composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOLYBDENUM DISILICIDE COMPOSITES; INDENTATION CREEP; VACANCY DIFFUSION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILM; DEFORMATION; PUNCH; MODEL; TIN AB Using a cylindrical indenter (or punch), the impression creep behavior of MoSi2-SiC composites containing 0-40% SiC by volume, was characterized at 1000-1200 degrees C, 258-362 MPa punch pressure. Through finite element modeling, an equation that depends on the material stress exponent was derived that converts the stress distribution beneath the punch to an effective compressive stress. Using this relationship, direct comparisons were made between impression and compressive creep studies. Under certain conditions, compressive creep and impression creep measurements yield comparable results after correcting for effective stresses and strain rates beneath the punch. However, rate-controlling mechanisms may be quite different under the two stressing conditions, in which case impression creep data should not be used to predict compressive creep behavior. The addition of SiC affects the impression creep behavior of MoSi2 in a complex manner by pinning grain boundaries during pressing, thus leading to smaller MoSi2 grains and by obstructing or altering both dislocation motion and grain boundary sliding. RP Butt, DP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Butt, Darryl/B-7480-2008; Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Butt, Darryl/0000-0003-4501-8864; Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1528 EP 1536 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0191 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UQ664 UT WOS:A1996UQ66400026 ER PT J AU Sordelet, DJ Bloomer, TA Kramer, MJ Unal, O AF Sordelet, DJ Bloomer, TA Kramer, MJ Unal, O TI Effects of boron on the solidification structure of an Al-Cu-Fe alloy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUASICRYSTAL; SEGREGATION RP Sordelet, DJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 11 BP 935 EP 939 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UT351 UT WOS:A1996UT35100007 ER PT J AU Kimmel, R Kiryati, N Bruckstein, AM AF Kimmel, R Kiryati, N Bruckstein, AM TI Sub-pixel distance maps and weighted distance transforms SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL IMAGING AND VISION LA English DT Article DE distance transforms; weighted distance; curve evolution; differential geometry; continuous scale morphology ID VISCOSITY SOLUTIONS; LEVEL SETS; SHAPE; PROPAGATION; CURVATURE; EVOLUTION; FRONTS AB A new framework for computing the Euclidean distance and weighted distance from the boundary of a given digitized shape is presented. The distance is calculated with sub-pixel accuracy. The algorithm is based on an equal distance contour evolution process. The moving contour is embedded as a level set in a time varying function of higher dimension. This representation of the evolving contour makes possible the use of an accurate and stable numerical scheme, due to Osher and Sethian [22]. The relation between the classical shape from shading problem and the weighted distance transform is presented, as well as an algorithm that calculates the geodesic distance transform on surfaces. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP Kimmel, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 34 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-9907 J9 J MATH IMAGING VIS JI J. Math. Imaging Vis. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2-3 BP 223 EP 233 DI 10.1007/BF00119840 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA VB988 UT WOS:A1996VB98800008 ER PT J AU Malek, CK Jackson, KH Bonivert, WD Hruby, J AF Malek, CK Jackson, KH Bonivert, WD Hruby, J TI Masks for high aspect ratio x-ray lithography SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND MEMBRANES; STRESS; GOLD; FABRICATION AB The requirements for deep x-ray lithography (DXRL) masks are reviewed and a recently developed cost effective mask fabrication process is described. The review includes a summary of tabulated properties for materials used in the fabrication of DXRL masks. X-ray transparency and mask contrast are calculated for material combinations using simulations of exposure at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley, and compared to the requirements for standard x-ray lithography (XRL) mask technology. Guided by the requirements, a cost-effective fabrication process for manufacturing high contrast masks for DXRL has been developed. Thick absorber patterns (10-20 mu m) on a thin silicon wafer (100-200 mu m) were made using contact printing in thick positive (Hoechst 4620) and negative (OCG 7020) photoresist and subsequent gold electrodeposition. Gold was deposited using a commercially available gold sulphite bath with low current density and good agitation. The resultant gold films were fine-grained and stress-free. Replication of such masks into 800 mu m thick acrylic sheets was performed at the ALS. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SANDIA NATL LABS,MAT SYNTH DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 44 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0960-1317 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 228 EP 235 DI 10.1088/0960-1317/6/2/004 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA UZ992 UT WOS:A1996UZ99200004 ER PT J AU Ni, CK Wade, EA Ashikhmin, MV Moore, CB AF Ni, CK Wade, EA Ashikhmin, MV Moore, CB TI Infrared spectroscopy of ketene by two-step photodissociation SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPIC KETENES; GROUND-STATE; FUNDAMENTALS; ABSORPTION AB The infrared spectra of the nu(2) + nu(3) and nu(2) + nu(4) bands of ketene, from 3526 to 3538 cm(-1) and from 3257 to 3277 cm(-1), respectively, have been obtained using an IR-UV double resonance photolysis scheme. A tunable IR laser pulse is followed by a UV photolysis pulse. When both an IR and a UV photon are absorbed, the LIF signal of the methylene (CH2) photofragment is observed, following a third laser pulse. Due to the 4 K temperature of ketene in a free jet, the spectrum of nu(2) + nu(3) is very simple. All the lines observed, J less than or equal to 5, K-a = 0, 1, K-c less than or equal to 5, can easily be assigned. The spectrum of nu(2) + nu(4) is complicated by two overlapping bands, identified as nu(2) + nu(5) + nu(6) and 2 nu(5) + 2 nu(6) + 2 nu(9). The spectroscopic constants derived are compared to the results of ab initio calculation. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Ni, Chi-Kung/F-7920-2012 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 177 IS 2 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1996.0142 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA UX327 UT WOS:A1996UX32700011 ER PT J AU Connor, MW Colmenares, C AF Connor, MW Colmenares, C TI X-ray photoelectron characterization of SiO2 aerogel SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB Results of high resolution X-ray photoelectron measurements of SiO2 aerogel are reported. Spectra are presented showing the valence region (0-50 eV) and emission from the Si2p, C1s, and O 1s states. Differences in the valence region spectra of SiO2 aerogel versus densified amorphous SiO, are discussed, These differences can be attributed to the structural variations in the Si-O bond length and the Si-O-Si bond angle that occur in SiO2 aerogel. C1 ST MARYS COLL,OMAHA,NE 68124. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN PY 1996 VL 201 IS 1-2 BP 76 EP 80 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00622-2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VA304 UT WOS:A1996VA30400007 ER PT J AU PhanThien, N Graham, AL AF PhanThien, N Graham, AL TI Rayleigh similarity solutions and boundary layer flow for concentrated suspensions SO JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE boundary layer flow; concentrated suspensions; Rayleigh ID MIGRATION AB We have investigated a series of transient problems in the flows of concentrated suspensions to test the effects of particle migration on the evolution of concentration and velocity profiles. First, we report a similarity solution to a Rayleigh problem, where the boundary of the infinite half space is given a velocity proportional to the square root of time. Next, the classical Rayleigh problem, where the boundary is impulsively started initially at a constant velocity, is examined. The structure of the kinematics resembles that obtained in the first problem, but the concentration does not have a similarity form. and tends asymptotically to a uniform profile at large time. Finally, we solve the flow of a suspension past a semi-infinite plate, and discuss its connection to the Rayleigh problem. In all three cases, our calculations reveal Newtonian kinematics in the practical limit of a/L much less than 1, where a is the particle size, and L is a viscous diffusion length scale. In addition we see vastly different time and length scales in the evolution of the velocity and the concentration profiles. The velocity develops faster in time (by O(a/L)(2)), and extends further in space (by O(L/a)) than the concentration profile. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP PhanThien, N (reprint author), UNIV SYDNEY,DEPT MECH & MECHATRON ENGN,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. RI Phan-Thien, Nhan/I-4705-2012 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0257 J9 J NON-NEWTON FLUID JI J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 64 IS 2-3 BP 157 EP 171 DI 10.1016/0377-0257(96)01435-8 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UY493 UT WOS:A1996UY49300003 ER PT J AU Boivin, R Brooks, JN Khandagle, MJ Hirooka, Y Won, J AF Boivin, R Brooks, JN Khandagle, MJ Hirooka, Y Won, J TI Plasma sputtered Mo impurity transport experiment in PISCES-B Mod; Assessment of atomic process rate coefficients and redeposition characteristics SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; LAYER; EROSION; PROGRAM AB In this experiment, a molybdenum marker embedded at the center of a graphite substrate is used to study the transport of Mo over the surface under redeposition conditions. The sputtered Mo atoms undergo a number of events (excitation, ionization, de-excitation) in front of the sample before being redeposited. These events can be linked to observable quantities measured by plasma diagnostics. Plasma density and electron temperature are measured by Langmuir probes. Optical emission spectroscopy is used to obtain neutral and ionized Mo and Ar emission profiles in the plasma column. New techniques are introduced to evaluate both excitation and ionization rate coefficients from the measured Mo I line intensity profiles. The measured coefficients are compared to theoretical calculations and a good agreement is found. After plasma exposure, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) is used to measure the Mo impurity concentration on the graphite surface. These concentrations are then compared to simulated redeposition flux obtained by the WBC code. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST PLASMA & FUS RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Boivin, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,FUS ENERGY RES PROGRAM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 2 BP 101 EP 109 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00173-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW703 UT WOS:A1996UW70300002 ER PT J AU Kai, JJ Klueh, RL AF Kai, JJ Klueh, RL TI Microstructural analysis of neutron-irradiated martensitic steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CR-W STEELS; IMPACT BEHAVIOR; FERRITIC STEELS; HEAT-TREATMENT; EVOLUTION AB Four martensitic steels for fusion applications were examined by transmission electron microscopy after irradiation in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) at 420 degrees C to 7.8 x 10(26) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV), about 35 dpa. There were two commercial steels, 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW, and two experimental reduced-activation steels, 9Cr-2WV and 9Cr-2WVTa. Before irradiation, the tempered martensite microstructures of the four steels contained a high dislocation density, and the major precipitate was M(23)C(6) carbide, with few MC carbides. irradiation caused minor changes in these precipitates. Voids were found in all irradiated specimens, but swelling remained below 1%, with the 9Cr-1MoVNb having the highest void density. Although the 12Cr-1MoVW steel showed the best swelling resistance, it also contained the highest density of radiation-induced new phases, which were identified as chi-phase and possibly alpha'. Radiation-induced chi-phase was also observed in the 9Cr-1MoVPNb steel. The two reduced-activation steels showed very stable behavior under irradiation: a high density of dislocation loops replaced the original high dislocation density; moderate void swelling occurred, and no new phase formed. The differences in microstructural evolution of the steels can explain some of the mechanical properties observations made in these steels. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Kai, JJ (reprint author), NATL TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT NUCL ENGN & ENGN PHYS,NUCL REACTOR DIV,101 SECT 2,KUANG FU RD,HSINCHU 300,TAIWAN. OI KAI, Ji-jung/0000-0001-7848-8753 NR 25 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 2 BP 116 EP 123 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00165-1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW703 UT WOS:A1996UW70300004 ER PT J AU Birtcher, RC Richardson, JW Mueller, MH AF Birtcher, RC Richardson, JW Mueller, MH TI Amorphization of U3Si2 by ion or neutron irradiation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE AB Diffraction techniques have been used to monitor the crystal structure of U3Si2 during irradiation. Neutron diffraction was used to follow crystallographic changes produced by neutron irradiation at 30 degrees C. Neutron irradiation results in uranium fission into energetic fragments that produce tracks of damage in the form of amorphous zones whose volume change relative to the initial lattice produces lattice strains. The total lattice strain increases as the volume fraction of amorphous material increases, and the maximum unit cell volume change is -2.2%. The amorphous volume fraction increases exponentially at an initial rate of (2.24 x 10(22) fissions/m(3))(-1) or (0.076 dpa)(-1), and complete amorphization occurs by a dose of 1.1 x 10(23) fissions/m(3) or 0.38 dpa. The unit cell volume decreases linearly with increasing volume fraction of amorphous material, indicating that there is little mechanical yielding or plastic flow during irradiation of amorphous U3Si2. Electron diffraction during in situ 1.5 MeV Kr ion irradiation was used to determine complete amorphization doses for U3Si2 at temperatures above 30 degrees C. As with fission fragments, individual Kr ions produce small amorphous volumes. The temperature limit for complete amorphization is approximately 250 degrees C. Within the uncertainty of the neutron dose steps and damage calculations, the same amount of damage is required for amorphization of U3Si2 by ion or neutron irradiation. RP Birtcher, RC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 2 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00160-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW703 UT WOS:A1996UW70300009 ER PT J AU Gelles, DS AF Gelles, DS TI Embrittlement of Cr-Mo steels after low fluence irradiation in high flux isotope reactor - Comment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Letter RP Gelles, DS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 2 BP 187 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00180-8 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW703 UT WOS:A1996UW70300014 ER PT J AU Klueh, RL Alexander, DJ AF Klueh, RL Alexander, DJ TI Embrittlement of Cr-Mo steels after low fluence irradiation in high flux isotope reactor - Reply SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Letter ID 12CR-1MOVW STEELS; 9CR-1MOVNB RP Klueh, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 2 BP 191 EP 193 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)00179-1 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA UW703 UT WOS:A1996UW70300015 ER PT J AU Miller, MK Stoller, RE Russell, KF AF Miller, MK Stoller, RE Russell, KF TI Effect of neutron-irradiation on the spinodal decomposition of Fe-32% Cr model alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; DYNAMICS AB A comparison has been performed between the extent of decomposition found in an Fe-32% Cr alloy that was both neutron-irradiated at 290 degrees C and thermally aged for the equivalent time at the same temperature. In addition, these results are compared to data obtained from a series of specimens isothermally aged at 470 and 500 degrees C. These atom probe results indicate that neutron irradiation has a significant effect on both the kinetics of decomposition and the morphology of the chromium-enriched alpha' phase. The results are consistent with the neutron irradiation significantly changing the location of the phase field in the phase diagram. RP Miller, MK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, MS 6376, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011 NR 10 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 3 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)80017-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VA336 UT WOS:A1996VA33600004 ER PT J AU LaraCurzio, E Bowers, D Ferber, MK AF LaraCurzio, E Bowers, D Ferber, MK TI The interlaminar tensile and shear behavior of a unidirectional C-C composite SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The interlaminar shear and tensile strengths of a unidirectional carbon-carbon composite were determined in air at room temperature and in argon at 1000 degrees C. It was found that the room temperature interlaminar tensile strength was 2.53 +/- 0.23 MPa, whereas the interlaminar shear strength was found to be 11.35 +/- 2.03 MPa at room temperature and 9.32 +/- 2.59 MPa at 1000 degrees C. Novel experimental procedures are described for the determination of the interlaminar shear strength of 1-D and 2-D composites by the compression of double-notched specimens both at room and elevated temperatures. Attempts to determine the interlaminar shear strength of this material by the Iosipescu test were unsuccessful. C1 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP,HIGH ENERGY SYST,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. RP LaraCurzio, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 3 BP 226 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)80018-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VA336 UT WOS:A1996VA33600005 ER PT J AU Varacalle, DJ Castro, RG AF Varacalle, DJ Castro, RG TI Analysis of the plasma-particle interaction during the plasma spraying of beryllium SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Beryllium plasma-spray technology is being investigated as a method for coating plasma facing surfaces inside the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER). This study investigated the plasma and plasma-particle interactions that occur during the plasma-spraying of beryllium. To evaluate the effect of the chamber pressure on the temperature, velocity, and trajectory profiles of the injected beryllium particles, the particles were numerically analyzed at three operating pressures (i.e., 101.3, 66.6 and 46.6 kPa) under a fixed operating condition. The thermal plasma was numerically modeled to predict the gas dynamics of the plasma column and plume. This information was then used as boundary conditions to solve the plasma-particle interaction problem at the various operating pressures. Calculations were performed for beryllium particles that ranged in diameter between 4 and 38 mu m. Results of the numerical simulations describing the particle temperatures, velocities, and trajectories are discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Varacalle, DJ (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 3 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)80020-1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VA336 UT WOS:A1996VA33600007 ER PT J AU Balooch, M Hamza, AV AF Balooch, M Hamza, AV TI Hydrogen and water vapor adsorption on and reaction with uranium SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DESORPTION; KINETICS; SURFACES AB By combining modulated molecular beam scattering, temperature programmed desorption, and atomic force microscopy experiments, the fundamental properties of the interaction of hydrogen and water vapor with uranium at room temperature and above have been investigated. The initial sticking probability, hydride formation probabilities and desorption kinetics for dihydrogen and water vapor on clean uranium have been measured. In addition, saturation coverages for hydrogen and water vapor are determined for an initially clean uranium surface. Atomic force microscopy revealed site-specific initiation of hydride formation for slightly oxidized uranium at grain boundaries. The areal (and hence time) dependence of the hydride formation probability was also observed. The clean uranium surface is passivated significantly by oxidation and carburization. The sticking probabilities for dihydrogen and water vapor are one to two orders of magnitude smaller on oxidized and carbided surfaces. The carbided surface is efficiently produced by reaction of C-60 with uranium surfaces between 600 and 800 K. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 12 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 230 IS 3 BP 259 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(96)80023-7 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VA336 UT WOS:A1996VA33600010 ER PT J AU Gifford, AN Ashby, CR AF Gifford, AN Ashby, CR TI Electrically evoked acetylcholine release from hippocampal slices is inhibited by the cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55212-2, and is potentiated by the cannabinoid antagonist, SR 141716A SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-LINKED RECEPTORS; RAT-BRAIN; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; LOCALIZATION; AMINOALKYLINDOLES; PRAVADOLINE; ANALOGS AB This study examined the effect of the cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55212-2, on the electrically evoked release of [C-14]acetylcholine (ACh) from superfused brain slices from the hippocampus, a region with a high density of cannabinoid receptors. A comparison was also made with [C-14]ACh release from the nucleus accumbens, which has relatively fewer cannabinoid receptors. In the hippocampal slices, WIN 55212-2 produced a dose-dependent inhibition of [C-14]ACh release, with an EC(50) of 0.03 mu M and a maximal inhibition of 81% at 1 mu M. In the nucleus accumbens slices, WIN 55212-2 produced a weak inhibition of [C-14]ACh release, which did not quite reach statistical significance. The inhibition of electrically evoked hippocampal [C-14]ACh release by WIN 55212-2 could be prevented by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist, SR 141716A (EC(50), 0.3-1.0 mu M). In addition to antagonizing the effects of WIN 55212-2, SR 141716A alone produced a 2-fold potentiation of the electrically stimulated [C-14]ACh release in this region (EC(50), 0.1-0.3 mu M). By contrast, in nucleus accumbens slices, no potentiation of the stimulated release of [C-14]ACh release by SR 141716A was observed. Basal [C-14]ACh release was unaffected by WIN 55212-2 or SR 141716A in either area. These results suggest that cannabinoid receptor activation can produce a strong inhibition of ACh release in the hippocampus. Furthermore, the potentiation of ACh release in the hippocampus by SR 141716A alone suggests either that this compound is an inverse agonist at cannabinoid receptors or it is antagonizing the actions of an endogenous ligand acting on these receptors. RP Gifford, AN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 42 TC 152 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 277 IS 3 BP 1431 EP 1436 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UQ526 UT WOS:A1996UQ52600031 PM 8667207 ER PT J AU Rzyman, K Moser, Z Watson, RE Weinert, M AF Rzyman, K Moser, Z Watson, RE Weinert, M TI Enthalpies of formation of Ni3Al: Experiment versus theory SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSFORMATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-DIAGRAM; ALLOYS; DUCTILITY; MAGNETISM; STABILITY; LIQUID AB Using Al solution calorimetry, enthalpies of formation of Ni3Al in the L1(2) structure ranging from -41.3 to -42.3 kJ/mol were determined at temperatures from 300 to 1123 K. These enthalpies are substantial for an intermetallic compound and display a slight temperature dependence, which is contained within the experimental error, This temperature dependence is related to the lack of any transformations of the compound, which remains ordered up to the melting temperature, The measured enthalpies were combined with other thermodynamic data to estimate the excess entropy of formation of Ni3Al. The high degree of ordering in the compound is reflected in the large negative value of the excess entropy, whose absolute value exceeds those for other high melting temperature intermetallic compounds. The full-potential linearized augmented Slater-type orbital method (FLASTO) was used to calculate the enthalpies of formation of paramagnetic and ferromagnetic Ni3Al. These enthalpies of formation indicate the compound to be a weak ferromagnet, and they are in good agreement with the calorimetric data. C1 POLISH ACAD SCI,INST MET & MAT SCI,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RI MOSER, Zbigniew/A-6228-2008 NR 40 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1054-9714 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB JI J. Phase Equilib. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 BP 173 EP 178 DI 10.1007/BF02648485 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UR180 UT WOS:A1996UR18000003 ER PT J AU Nalimova, VA Guerard, D Sklovsky, DE Cox, D AF Nalimova, VA Guerard, D Sklovsky, DE Cox, D TI High pressure in-plane structural study of lithium and cesium highly saturated GICS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Intercalation Compounds CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 1995 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Simon Fraser Univ, Conf Serv Dept DE multilayers; chemical synthesis; high pressure; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure ID INTERCALATION; GRAPHITE AB The compressibility of the high density alkali metal GICs CsC4 and LiC2 are relatively close to that of the corresponding classical phases CsC8 acid LiC6. The in-plane structure study allows the separate determination of the variation of each parameter. It shows a fairly high sensitivity of the c axis parameter under high pressure, which confirms the splitting of the metallic layer. On the other hand, the in-plane parameters vary independently, which reveals unsymmetry in the unit cell and proves the structure and the composition Li27C72 for the first stage saturated compound of lithium. C1 UNIV NANCY 1,LAB CHIM SOLIDE MINERAL,URA 158,F-54506 VANDOEUVRE NANCY,FRANCE. BNL,BROOKHAVEN,NY. RP Nalimova, VA (reprint author), MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,MOSCOW 119899,RUSSIA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD JUN-AUG PY 1996 VL 57 IS 6-8 BP 771 EP 774 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00347-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA UU365 UT WOS:A1996UU36500020 ER PT J AU Yang, UK Auchincloss, P deBarbaro, P Bodek, A Budd, H Harris, DA Sakumoto, WK Lefmann, WC Steiner, R Oreglia, MJ Schumm, BA Johnson, RA Nussbaum, M Perera, L Vakili, M Arroyo, G Bazarko, AO Conrad, J Kim, JH King, BJ Koutsoliotas, S McNulty, C Mishra, SR Quintas, PZ Romosan, A Bernstein, RH Koizumi, G Lamm, MJ Marsh, W McFarland, KS Bolton, T Lowery, WB Naples, D Drucker, RB Kinnel, T Smith, WH Nienaber, P AF Yang, UK Auchincloss, P deBarbaro, P Bodek, A Budd, H Harris, DA Sakumoto, WK Lefmann, WC Steiner, R Oreglia, MJ Schumm, BA Johnson, RA Nussbaum, M Perera, L Vakili, M Arroyo, G Bazarko, AO Conrad, J Kim, JH King, BJ Koutsoliotas, S McNulty, C Mishra, SR Quintas, PZ Romosan, A Bernstein, RH Koizumi, G Lamm, MJ Marsh, W McFarland, KS Bolton, T Lowery, WB Naples, D Drucker, RB Kinnel, T Smith, WH Nienaber, P TI A measurement of R=sigma(L)/sigma(T) in deep inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering at the Tevatron SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT HERA Workshop on Proton, Photon and Pomeron Structure CY SEP 18-23, 1995 CL ST JOHNS COLL, DURHAM, ENGLAND HO ST JOHNS COLL ID MUON SCATTERING; ELECTROPRODUCTION AB Measurements of neutrino-nucleon and antineutrino-nucleon differential cross sections using the CCFR neutrino detector at Fermilab have been used to extract preliminary values of R = sigma(L)/sigma(T) in the kinematic region 0.01 < x < 0.6 and 4 < Q(2) < 300 GeV2. The new data provide the first measurements of R in the region x < 0.1. The x and Q(2) dependence of R is compared with a QCD-based fit to previous data. The QCD fit, which provides an estimate of R in the small-x region where R has not been previously measured, is in good agreement with the new CCFR data. C1 ADELPHI UNIV,GARDEN CITY,NY 11530. UNIV CINCINNATI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. KANSAS STATE UNIV,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. XAVIER UNIV,CINCINNATI,OH 45207. RP Yang, UK (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,601 ELMWOOD AVE,ROCHESTER,NY 14627, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 6 BP 775 EP 780 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UQ626 UT WOS:A1996UQ62600012 ER PT J AU Bartels, J Wusthoff, M AF Bartels, J Wusthoff, M TI A perturbative approach to diffractive deep-inelastic scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT HERA Workshop on Proton, Photon and Pomeron Structure CY SEP 18-23, 1995 CL ST JOHNS COLL, DURHAM, ENGLAND HO ST JOHNS COLL ID UNITARITY CORRECTIONS; LIPATOV POMERON; QCD; DISSOCIATION AB We calculate the cross section for diffractive deep-inelastic scattering based on perturbative QCD, including transverse and longitudinal polarization of the photon. We consider both and q(q) over barg$ production. The pomeron, which is part of the cross section, is determined from data for the proton structure function. We find fair agreement with recent measurements by H1 and ZEUS. The beta-spectrum is completely predicted over the full range from 0 to 1. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Bartels, J (reprint author), UNIV HAMBURG,INST THEORET PHYS 2,LURUPER CHAUSSEE 149,D-2000 HAMBURG,GERMANY. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 6 BP 929 EP 935 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/22/6/027 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA UQ626 UT WOS:A1996UQ62600026 ER PT J AU Tracy, ER Brizard, AJ Kaufman, AN AF Tracy, ER Brizard, AJ Kaufman, AN TI Generalized Case-vanKampen modes in a multidimensional non-uniform plasma with application to gyroresonance heating SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VLASOV-POISSON SYSTEM; SPECTRAL DEFORMATION; PRINCIPLES; EQUATIONS; WAVES AB The generalization of the Case-van Kampen analysis to a multidimensional non-uniform plasma is presented. Application of this analysis is made to minority-ion gyroresonant heating in an axisymmetric tokamak. In previous work the Case-van Kampen analysis, in conjunction with the Bateman-Kruskal algorithm, was used in a one-dimensional slab model to compute the collective wave spin-off (to the minority-ion Bernstein wave) and the gyroballistic continuum for minority gyroresonant absorption, The generalization to many dimensions and non-trivial geometries requires several important new developments: In tokamak geometry particles can be trapped: an effect that is absent in the slab model. Also, the ray propagation dynamics for both the free gyroballistic waves and the collective minority-ion Bernstein wave is far more complicated than in the slab model, In particular, a resonance zone is identified wherein the gyroboallistic waves interact strongly and cannot be treated as free, We use the Weyl calculus to construct a local form of the self-consistent gyroballistic equation within the resonance zone. This reduced equation is: simplified via a metaplectic transformation (a generalization of the Fourier transformation). After this simplification, the equation is shown to be of Case-van Kampen type with weak non-uniformities; hence there are no true Case-van Kampen eigenfunctions. Using the Bateman-Kruskal approach, a local Case-van Kampen basis can be constructed and the initial-value problem solved. The self-consistent inter actions of the gyroballistic continuum lead to a collective wave, the minority-ion Bernstein wave, The Bernstein wave is extracted by the spectral deformation approach of Crawford and Hislop, The relevance of this work to the theory of collective phenomena in nonlinear oscillator ensembles is briefly discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP Tracy, ER (reprint author), COLL WILLIAM & MARY, DEPT PHYS, WILLIAMSBURG, VA 23185 USA. OI Brizard, Alain/0000-0002-0192-6273 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 55 BP 449 EP 486 PN 3 PG 38 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA UY455 UT WOS:A1996UY45500012 ER PT J AU Whinnery, LL Even, WR Beach, JV Loy, DA AF Whinnery, LL Even, WR Beach, JV Loy, DA TI Engineering the macrostructure of thermally induced phase separated polysilane foams SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polysilastyrene; polysilane; polymer foams; thermal induced phase separation; TIPS; Liesegang rings ID MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE FORMATION; POLYMER DILUENT SYSTEMS; ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE MEMBRANES; CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS; THERMODYNAMICS C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1623 EP 1627 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UK948 UT WOS:A1996UK94800034 ER PT J AU Leary, AW Jerman, AL Mazaika, R AF Leary, AW Jerman, AL Mazaika, R TI Gulls (Larus spp) in the diet of ferruginous hawks SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Leary, AW (reprint author), BOISE STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOL, RAPTOR RES CTR, BOISE, ID 83725 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 12805 ST CROIX TRAIL, HASTINGS, MN 55033 SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 30 IS 2 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA UW194 UT WOS:A1996UW19400011 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN AF Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN TI Upper limit of T-c for the copper oxides SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE cuprates; upper limit of T-c ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FIELD; STATE AB The value of the critical temperature of the cuprates correlates with the doping level and is affected by the interplay of two competing factors: (1) the increase in carrier concentration, and (2) the pair-breaking effect of magnetic impurities. An analysis of the temperature dependence of the critical field leads to the conclusion that magnetic impurities are present even in a sample with the maximum observed value of T-c. A new parameter, "intrinsic" T-c (T-c intr), which is its value in the absence of magnetic impurities, is introduced. The maximum value of T-c intr, which corresponds to the maximum doping level, appears to be similar for different cuprates and to be equal to 160-170 K. This is the upper limit of T-c in the cuprates. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733V, RUSSIA. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 329 EP 333 DI 10.1007/BF00727557 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW494 UT WOS:A1996UW49400013 ER PT J AU VandenAbeele, KEA AF VandenAbeele, KEA TI Elastic pulsed wave propagation in media with second- or higher-order nonlinearity .1. Theoretical framework SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A theoretical model is presented that describes the interaction of frequency components in arbitrary pulsed elastic waves during one-dimensional propagation in an infinite medium with extreme nonlinear response. The model is based on one-dimensional Green's function theory in combination with a perturbation method, as has been developed for a general source function by McCall [J. Geophys. Res. 99 (B2). 2591-2600 (Feb. 1994)]. A polynomial expansion of the equation of state is used in which four orders of nonlinearity in the moduli are accounted for. The nonlinear wave equation is solved for the displacement field at distance x from a symmetric ''breathing'' source with arbitrary Fourier spectrum imbedded in an infinite medium. The perturbation expression corresponds to a higher-order equivalent of the Burgers' equation solution for velocity fields in solids. The solution is implemented numerically in an iterative procedure which allows one to include an arbitrary attenuation function. Energy conservation is investigated in the absence of (linear) attenuation, and the notion of a hybrid (linear and nonlinear) dissipation is illustrated. Examples are provided showing the effect of each term in the perturbation solution on the spectral content of the waveform. Finally, the possibility of creating a parametric array for seismic exploration is briefly considered from a theoretical point of view. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN,INTERDISCIPLINARY RES CTR,BELGIAN FDN SCI RES,B-8500 KORTRIJK,BELGIUM. RP VandenAbeele, KEA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,EES-4,MS D443,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 99 IS 6 BP 3334 EP 3345 DI 10.1121/1.414890 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UQ669 UT WOS:A1996UQ66900006 ER PT J AU Cao, N Olson, JR Swift, GW Chen, S AF Cao, N Olson, JR Swift, GW Chen, S TI Energy flux density in a thermoacoustic couple SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ENGINES AB The hydro- and thermodynamical processes near and within a thermoacoustic couple are simulated and analyzed by numerical solution of the compressible Navier-Stokes, continuity, and energy equations for an ideal gas, concentrating on the time-averaged energy flux density in the gas. The numerical results show details of the heat sink at one end of the plates in the thermoacoustic couple. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP Cao, N (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 16 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 99 IS 6 BP 3456 EP 3464 DI 10.1121/1.414992 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UQ669 UT WOS:A1996UQ66900018 ER PT J AU Nix, DA Papcun, G Hogden, J Zlokarnik, I AF Nix, DA Papcun, G Hogden, J Zlokarnik, I TI Two cross-linguistic factors underlying tongue shapes for vowels SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RAY MICROBEAM DATA; MODEL AB Desirable characteristics of a vocal-tract parametrization include accuracy, low dimensionality, and generalizability across speakers and languages. A low-dimensional, speaker-independent linear parametrization of vowel tongue shapes can be obtained using the PARAFAC three-mode factor analysis procedure [Harshman et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 693-707 (1977)]. Harshman et al. applied PARAFAC to midsagittal x-ray vowel data from five English speakers, reporting that two speaker-independent factors are required to accurately represent the tongue shape measured along anatomically normalized vocal-tract diameter grid lines. Subsequently, the cross-linguistic generality of this parametrization was brought into question by the application of PARAFAC to Icelandic vowel data, where three nonorthogonal factors were reported [Jackson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, 124-143 (1988)]. This solution is shown to be degenerate; a reanalysis of Jackson's Icelandic data produces two factors that match Harshman et al.'s factors for English vowels, contradicting Jackson's distinction between English and Icelandic language-specific ''articulatory primes.'' To obtain vowel factors not constrained by artificial measurement grid lines, x-ray tongue shape traces of six English speakers were marked with 13 equally spaced points. PARAFAC analysis of this unconstrained (x,y) coordinate data results :in two factors that are clearly interpretable in terms of the traditional vowel quality dimensions front/back, high/low. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. RP Nix, DA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES & APPLICAT SPEECH PROJECT,CIC-3,MS B265,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 99 IS 6 BP 3707 EP 3717 DI 10.1121/1.414968 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UQ669 UT WOS:A1996UQ66900044 PM 8655802 ER PT J AU Blasing, TJ Miller, RL McCold, LN AF Blasing, TJ Miller, RL McCold, LN TI Potential consequences of the Clean Coal Program for air and waste issues SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID EMISSIONS; ONTARIO AB The U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program (CCTDP) was funded by Congress to demonstrate more efficient, economically feasible, and environmentally acceptable coal technologies. Although the environmental focus at first was on sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) because of their relationship to acid precipitation, the CCTDP may also lead to reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and in solid waste produced, relative to conventional technologies. Environmental benefits that maybe realized from clean coal technologies (CCTs) will depend upon the degree of acceptance in the marketplace achieved by each of the individual technologies. In general, technologies that replace a major portion of an existing facility (repowering technologies) show the most promise for achieving reductions in all four categories (SO2, NOx, CO2, and solid waste). Technologies that modify existing facilities by adding environmental control equipment or changing feedstocks (retrofit technologies), used singly or in combination, appear capable of achieving substantial reductions in SO2 and NOx, but in general have little effect on CO2 and only a few of these technologies appear capable of reducing solid waste. However, even if decreases in solid waste volume are not always achieved, much of the solid waste from CCTs would be dry and therefore easier to dispose of than scrubber sludge from conventional technologies. RP Blasing, TJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,BLDG 4500N,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Blasing, T/B-9498-2012 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA PO BOX 2861, PITTSBURGH, PA 15230 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 46 IS 6 BP 517 EP 529 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UQ102 UT WOS:A1996UQ10200003 ER PT J AU Shoup, SS Bamberger, CE Haire, RG AF Shoup, SS Bamberger, CE Haire, RG TI Novel plutonium titanate compounds and solid solutions Pu2Ti2O7-Ln(2)Ti(2)O(7): Relevance to nuclear waste disposal SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID IMMOBILIZATION AB The compounds SrPu2Ti4O12, Pu2Ti3O8.79, and Pu2Ti2O7, where plutonium is in the (III) oxidation state, were prepared and identified via X-ray diffraction (XRD). The solid solubility limit of Pu2Ti2O7 in Ln(2)Ti(2)O(7) (Ln = Gd, Er, or Lu) was also studied via XRD; it was determined that the solubility of Pu2Ti2O7 increased as the radius of the lanthanide ion in the host compound decreased, Attempts to synthesize Sr2Pu2Ti5O16 and Sr2Ce2-yPuyTi5O16 solid solutions, where plutonium is in the (IV) oxidation state, were unsuccessful. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Shoup, SS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1489 EP 1493 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08754.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UT219 UT WOS:A1996UT21900009 ER PT J AU Lin, HT Alexander, KB Becher, PF AF Lin, HT Alexander, KB Becher, PF TI Grain size effect on creep deformation of alumina-silicon carbide composites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; WHISKERS; CERAMICS; DAMAGE; FAILURE; GROWTH AB A study of the flexural creep response of aluminas rein-forced with 10 vol % SiC whiskers was conducted at 1200 degrees and 1300 degrees C at stresses from 50 to 230 MPa in air to evaluate the effect of matrix grain size, The average matrix grain size was varied from 1.2 to 8.0 mu m by controlling the hot-pressing conditions, At 1200 degrees C, the creep resistance of alumina composites increases with an increase in matrix grain size, and the creep rate (at constant applied stress) exhibits a grain size exponent of approximately 1, The stress exponent of the creep rate at 1200 degrees C is approximately 2, consistent with a grain boundary sliding mechanism, On the other hand, the creep deformation rate of 1300 degrees C was not sensitive to the alumina grain size, This was seen to be a result of enhanced nucleation and coalescence of creep cavities and the development of macroscopic cracks as the grain size increases. Observations also indicated that the prevalent site for nucleation and growth of creep cavities in coarse-grained materials is at two-grain junctions (grain faces), whereas in fine-grained materials cavities nucleate primarily at triple-grain junctions (grain edges), Electron microscopy studies revealed that the content of any amorphous phase present at whisker-alumina interfaces is independent of alumina grain size (and hot-pressing conditions), In addition, the alumina grain boundaries are quite devoid of amorphous phase(s), This variation in amorphous phase content does not appear to be a factor in the present creep results. RP Lin, HT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1530 EP 1536 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08761.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UT219 UT WOS:A1996UT21900016 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Dimos, D AlShareef, HN Raymond, MV Tuttle, BA Pike, GE AF Warren, WL Dimos, D AlShareef, HN Raymond, MV Tuttle, BA Pike, GE TI Links between electrical and optical fatigue in Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 thin films SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MEMORIES AB Switchable polarization can be significantly suppressed in ferroelectric (FE) materials by electrical or optical processes, Electrical suppression can occur by subjecting the FE to repeated polarization reversals; optical suppression can occur while biasing the FE near the switching threshold and illuminating with bandgap light. A link between the two processes in Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) thin film capacitors is demonstrated by showing a relationship between the amount of the suppressed polarization induced by the two methods, This observation suggests that the optical method may be a useful, simple, and time-saving probe of a material's susceptibility to fatigue. These results further support the view that polarization suppression in PZT thin films induced by electrical fatigue largely involves electronic charge trapping. RP Warren, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Alshareef, Husam Niman/A-2000-2015 OI Alshareef, Husam Niman/0000-0001-5029-2142 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 79 IS 6 BP 1714 EP 1716 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08792.x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UT219 UT WOS:A1996UT21900047 ER PT J AU Meffe, GK AF Meffe, GK TI Adverse assessments of Gambusia affinis - Comments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP Meffe, GK (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 162 EP 162 PN 1 PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UX547 UT WOS:A1996UX54700005 ER PT J AU Ortiz, B Park, SM Doddapaneni, N AF Ortiz, B Park, SM Doddapaneni, N TI Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies of cobalt phthalocyanine polymers SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION; OXYGEN; MONONUCLEAR; ELECTRODES AB Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) polymers, which are believed to have two- and three-dimensional structures, have been studied and the results are reported. The spectral bands are shifted and a significant band broadening is observed as expected. The cyclic voltammetric results suggest that there are two energetically different Co ions in the three-dimensional polymer. The spectroscopic and electrochemical results indicate that the Co ion on the polymers appears to be in a partially reduced state in solution phases, as evidenced by the presence of the metal-ligand charge-transfer band. When adsorbed onto the carbon surface, this band becomes more prominent even in the formally unreduced state, perhaps due to the coordination of pi-electron clouds of carbon into the coaxial axis of the complex, resulting in the partially reduced Co ion. As a result of this partial reduction, the electron transfer from CoPc polymers appears to be enhanced, which becomes the basis for the catalytic activities observed for this class of compounds. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,BATTERY RES DEPT 2523,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Ortiz, B (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP 1800 EP 1805 DI 10.1149/1.1836907 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200017 ER PT J AU Pillay, B Newman, J AF Pillay, B Newman, J TI The influence of side reactions on the performance of electrochemical double-layer capacitors SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CARBON AB A constant-concentration, constant-capacitance, macrohomogeneous porous-electrode model is used to investigate the effects of side reactions on the charging and cycling of electrochemical double-layer capacitors. A porous carbon capacitor with sulfuric acid electrolyte is a typical system, and corresponding physical properties are used to illustrate the effects. Oxygen and hydrogen evolution are considered the dominant side reactions, and a Tafel form for the kinetic expressions is assumed. It is shown that keeping the cell potential within the thermodynamic stability window of the solvent does not guarantee negligible losses, even in the kinetics are not particularly facile. Losses are substantial at early cycles and decrease to a constant value at later cycles; this value can be significant. The dependences of coulombic an energy losses on the maximum cell potential, electrode thickness, and discharge rate are discussed. In a poorly designed cell, the energy lost to side reactions can be as large or larger than the ohmic loss; hence consideration of side reactions is essential for good design. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Pillay, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 23 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP 1806 EP 1814 DI 10.1149/1.1836908 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200018 ER PT J AU Striebel, KA Deng, CZ Wen, SJ Cairns, EJ AF Striebel, KA Deng, CZ Wen, SJ Cairns, EJ TI Electrochemical behavior of LiMn2O4 and LiCoO2 thin films produced with pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM COBALT OXIDE; BATTERIES; CATHODES; LIXCOO2; CELLS AB Thin films of LixMn2O4 and LixCoO2 have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition on heated stainless steel substrates. These films have thicknesses from 0.2 to 1.5 mu m and are crystalline without postdeposition annealing. The films' electrochemical properties were studied with cyclic voltammetry, current pulse measurements, and galvanostatic charge/discharge techniques. Film capacity densities as high as 56 and 62 mu Ah/cm(2)-mu m were measured for LixMn2O4 and LixCoO2, respectively. Chemical diffusivities on the order of 2.5 x 10(-11) and 1 x 10(-10) were measured for LixMn2O4 and LixCoO2, respectively. Some of the films were cycled electrochemically for up to 300 cycles against lithium metal in 1 M LiClO4/propylene carbonate electrolyte, demonstrating the promise of pulsed laser deposition for the production of cathode films for rechargeable lithium microbatteries. RP Striebel, KA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 28 TC 223 Z9 236 U1 8 U2 89 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP 1821 EP 1827 DI 10.1149/1.1836910 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200020 ER PT J AU Doyle, M Newman, J Gozdz, AS Schmutz, CN Tarascon, JM AF Doyle, M Newman, J Gozdz, AS Schmutz, CN Tarascon, JM TI Comparison of modeling predictions with experimental data from plastic lithium ion cells SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION AB Modeling results for a lithium-ion battery based on the couple LixC6 \ LiyMn2O4 are presented and compared to experimental data. Good agreement between simulation and experiment exists for several different experimental cell configurations on both charge and discharge. Simulations indicate that the battery in its present design is ohmically limited. Additional internal resistance in the cells, beyond that initially predicted by the model, could be described using either a contact resistance between cell layers or a film resistance on the negative electrode particles. Modest diffusion limitations in the carbon electrode arising at moderate discharge rates are used to fit the diffusion coefficient of lithium in the carbon electrode, giving D-s,D-- = 3.9 x 10(-10) cm(2)/s. Cells with a 1 M (mol/dm(3)) LiPF6 initial salt concentration become solution-phase diffusion limited at high rates. The low-rate specific energy calculated for the experimental cells ranges from 70 to 90 Wh/kg, with this mass based on the composite electrodes, electrolyte, separator, and current collectors. The peak specific power for a 30 s current pulse to a 2.8 V cutoff potential is predicted to fall from about 360 W/kg at the beginning of discharge to 100 W/kg at 80% depth of discharge for one particular experimental cell. Different system designs are explored using the mathematical model with the objective of a higher specific energy. Configurations optimized for a Bh discharge time should obtain over 100 Wh/kg. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008; Tarascon, Jean-Marie/B-5952-2016 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525; NR 24 TC 517 Z9 535 U1 17 U2 161 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP 1890 EP 1903 DI 10.1149/1.1836921 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200031 ER PT J AU Dai, HL Zawodzinski, TA AF Dai, HL Zawodzinski, TA TI Determination of lithium ion transference numbers by electrophoretic nuclear magnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter AB Lithium ion transference numbers (T-Li) have been determined for some aqueous gel electrolytes by electrophoretic NMR (ENMR). This method is essentially a rapidly detected Hittorf method, in which the positions of nuclei are labeled by the phase of the NMR signal and the mobility of the nuclei is determined from the phase shift of the signal in a stimulated echo experiment with a synchronized electric field pulse. The work presented is a proof-of-concept of the application of the ENMR method to lithium ion transference measurements for several different lithium salts in gelled electrolytes. The NMR method allows accurate determination of T-Li values, as indicated by the similarity of T,in the gelled electrolytes to those in aqueous electrolyte solutions of the same salt concentration. RP Dai, HL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ELECT MAT & DEVICE GRP,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP L107 EP L109 DI 10.1149/1.1836891 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200001 ER PT J AU Menna, P Tsuo, YS AlJassim, MM Asher, SE Pern, FJ Ciszek, TF AF Menna, P Tsuo, YS AlJassim, MM Asher, SE Pern, FJ Ciszek, TF TI Light-emitting porous silicon from cast metallurgical-grade silicon SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID LUMINESCENCE; MECHANISM AB Strong visible light emissions from porous silicon (PS) prepared from cast metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) are reported for the first time. The Si substrates used for the preparation of the PS films were obtained by directional solidification casting of MG-Si, followed by wafer sawing and lapping. A chemical etching method was used instead of the conventional electrochemical method of producing PS. The photoluminescence spectra are characterized by a full width at half maximum of 340 to 370 meV, a 2.0 eV peak energy, and a strong peak intensity. C1 ENEA,CTR RIC FOTOVOLTAICHE,I-80055 PORTICI,ITALY. RP Menna, P (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP L115 EP L117 DI 10.1149/1.1836894 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200004 ER PT J AU Song, XY Kinoshita, K Tran, TD AF Song, XY Kinoshita, K Tran, TD TI Microstructural characterization of lithiated graphite SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID LITHIUM; INTERCALATION; CARBONS AB The microstructures of lithiated graphite were studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). HRTEM shows lattice images of the (001) layers of LiC6 with layer spacing of 3.70 Angstrom, consistent with XRD. The morphology and distribution of the LiC6 and LiC12 phases were investigated by dark field image and selected-area electron diffraction in TEM. The results indicate that LiC6 and LiC12 phases can coexist in the lithiated graphite particle. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Song, XY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP L120 EP L123 DI 10.1149/1.1836896 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200006 ER PT J AU Wen, SJ Richardson, TJ Ma, L Striebel, KA Ross, PN Cairns, EJ AF Wen, SJ Richardson, TJ Ma, L Striebel, KA Ross, PN Cairns, EJ TI FTIR spectroscopy of metal oxide insertion electrodes - A new diagnostic tool for analysis of capacity fading in secondary Li/LiMn2O4 cells SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID MANGANESE-DIOXIDE; LI+ INSERTION; LITHIUM; LAMBDA-MNO2; EXTRACTION; LIMN2O4; PHASE AB Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been applied to the study of oxide insertion compounds used in rechargeable lithium batteries. The mechanisms responsible for capacity fading during normal cycling of LiMn2O4 cells in both the 3 and 4 V regions were determined by examination of spectra obtained from electrodes following 25 cycles at charge and discharge rates of C/6. In the 3 V region, electroactive material becomes electronically disconnected from the rest of the electrode due to fracture of the oxide particles and/or expansion and contraction of the active material during the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transformation. In the upper voltage region, the active electrode material is gradually converted to a lower voltage defect spinel phase via dissolution of manganese in the electrolyte. C1 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Wen, SJ (reprint author), ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 14 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 143 IS 6 BP L136 EP L138 DI 10.1149/1.1836902 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UQ662 UT WOS:A1996UQ66200012 ER PT J AU Clear, R AF Clear, R TI Relationships between the VL and reaction time models SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TASK-PERFORMANCE; SPEED; SIZE AB The VL concept is based on measurements of accuracy thresholds where response times are essentially unlimited. Pea has produced a visual performance model based on reaction times, which include response times. Analysis of phenomena such as the Pulfrich illusion suggest that there is a delay between signal onset and recognition that depends upon the adaptation luminance. This suggests an analysis of reaction times in terms of a simple sum of a signal strength (VL) term plus response term(s), including a delay term. A comparison of Pea's reaction-time model and this additive VL model showed that the models are similar, but that the VL model fits the data better and has a more consistent theoretical foundation. The luminance-dependent response term appears to be needed to fit performance on the numerical verification task developed by Pea, but not the word chart reading task developed by Bailey. The above additive VL model suggests that the difference may depend on whether the task is processed serially and includes the delay time, or is processed in parallel and does not. RP Clear, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,LIGHTING SYST RES GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 14 EP & PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900007 ER PT J AU Berman, S AF Berman, S TI Illuminance selection based on visual performance - And other fairy stories SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Berman, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 48 EP 49 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900019 ER PT J AU Clear, R Mistrick, RG AF Clear, R Mistrick, RG TI Multilayer polarizers: A review of the claims SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Multilayer polarizing panels are a technology that has been proposed for improving lighting quality in interior environments. Different authors have examined a variety of different conditions, have used different performance models in their evaluation of the potential of this technology, and have come to markedly different conclusions. This paper discusses how variations in conditions and performance models affect the evaluation of the performance potential of polarized lighting systems. The importance of the light source-task-eye geometry, which determines the benefit that can be achieved with polarizing luminaires, is discussed in detail. RP Clear, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,LIGHTING RES GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 70 EP & PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900029 ER PT J AU Rubinstein, F AF Rubinstein, F TI Post-occupancy evaluation of the Forrestal building - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Rubinstein, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 101 EP 101 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900039 ER PT J AU Gould, C AF Gould, C TI Modeling light transfer through optical fibers for illumination applications - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Gould, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 139 EP 139 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900058 ER PT J AU Clear, R AF Clear, R TI Scale model photometry techniques under simulated sky conditions - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Clear, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 170 EP 170 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900069 ER PT J AU Rubinstein, F AF Rubinstein, F TI Zero-distance in-place indoor luminaire flux measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Rubinstein, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINAT ENG SOC NORTH AMER PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, 17TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10005-4001 SN 0099-4480 J9 J ILLUM ENG SOC JI J. Illum. Eng. Soc. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 178 EP 179 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB269 UT WOS:A1996VB26900074 ER EF