FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU MILLER, GJ CHENG, J AF MILLER, GJ CHENG, J TI TERNARY METAL-RICH PHOSPHIDES - STRUCTURE, BONDING, AND SITE PREFERENCES IN ZRNBP AND HF1+XMO1-XP SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TA-NB-S; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MAIN-GROUP; SYSTEM; COMPOUND AB Semiempirical electronic structure calculations are utilized to assess the bonding and metal atom arrangement in the recently discovered ternary phosphide ZrNbP, which adopts the Co2Si structure type. These same calculations reveal that ZrMoP should form in the Fe2P structure type due primarily to metal-metal interactions within each system. Related structural alternatives like the Cu2Sb-type and the Ni2In-type are also examined for their stability ranges as a function of valence electron concentration (vec). Synthesis and structural characterization of Hf1.06Mo0.94P by single-crystal X-ray diffraction are also reported and confirm the prediction of stability of the Fe2P structure type for this vee. Hf1.06Mo0.94P crystallizes in the space group P ($) over bar 62m (No. 189); a = 6.8954(4) Angstrom; c = 3.4164(4) Angstrom; Z = 3; R = 0.024; R(w) = 0.027 (1 greater than or equal to 3 sigma(I)). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP MILLER, GJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 24 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2962 EP 2968 DI 10.1021/ic00115a025 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RA186 UT WOS:A1995RA18600025 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, S CURTISS, LA GOSZTOLA, D KOURA, N SABOUNGI, ML AF TAKAHASHI, S CURTISS, LA GOSZTOLA, D KOURA, N SABOUNGI, ML TI MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS AND RAMAN MEASUREMENTS FOR 1-ETHYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLOROALUMINATES SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS; MOLTEN-SALT; ALCL3-NACL SYSTEM; ALUMINUM-CHLORIDE; MELTS; SPECTRA; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION; EQUILIBRIA AB Raman spectroscopic data are presented for the room-temperature molten salts (AlCl3)(x)(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride)(1-x), for x ranging from 0.46 to 0.67. Ab initio molecular orbital theory has been used to compute the structure and vibrational frequencies of some of the anionic and cationic species present in these melts; the results are compared with semiempirical calculations and used to interpret the experiments. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NISSHIN STEEL CO LTD, ICHIKAWA 272, JAPAN. SCI UNIV TOKYO, TOKYO 162, JAPAN. RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 37 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 24 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2990 EP 2993 DI 10.1021/ic00115a029 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RA186 UT WOS:A1995RA18600029 ER PT J AU KLEBIG, ML WILKINSON, JE GEISLER, JG WOYCHIK, RP AF KLEBIG, ML WILKINSON, JE GEISLER, JG WOYCHIK, RP TI ECTOPIC EXPRESSION OF THE AGOUTI GENE IN TRANSGENIC MICE CAUSES OBESITY, FEATURES OF TYPE-II DIABETES, AND YELLOW FUR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY PEPTIDES; AVY/A; INSULIN; CLONING; PROTEIN; LOCUS AB Mice that carry the lethal yellow (A(y)) or viable yellow (A(vy)) mutation, two dominant mutations of the agouti (a) gene in mouse chromosome 2, exhibit a phenotype that includes yellow fur, marked obesity, a form of type II diabetes associated with insulin resistance, and an increased susceptibility to tumor development, Molecular analyses of these and several other dominant ''obese yellow'' a-locus mutations suggested that ectopic expression of the normal agouti protein gives rise to this complex pleiotropic phenotype, We have now tested this hypothesis directly by generating transgenic mice that ectopically express an agouti cDNA clone encoding the normal agouti protein in all tissues examined. Transgenic mice of both sexes have yellow fur, become obese, and develop hyperinsulinemia. In addition, male transgenic mice develop hyperglycemia by 12-20 weeks of age, These results demonstrate conclusively that the ectopic agouti expression is responsible for most, if not all, of the phenotypic traits of the dominant, obese yellow mutants. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL VET MED,DEPT PATHOBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916. UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1 F32 DK 08880-01] NR 42 TC 207 Z9 213 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 23 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 11 BP 4728 EP 4732 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.11.4728 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RA150 UT WOS:A1995RA15000003 PM 7761391 ER PT J AU ZEMEL, MB KIM, JH WOYCHIK, RP MICHAUD, EJ KADWELL, SH PATEL, IR WILKISON, WO AF ZEMEL, MB KIM, JH WOYCHIK, RP MICHAUD, EJ KADWELL, SH PATEL, IR WILKISON, WO TI AGOUTI REGULATION OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM - ROLE IN THE INSULIN-RESISTANCE OF VIABLE YELLOW MICE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE INTRACELLULAR FREE CALCIUM; A(VY) ALLELE ID CYTOSOLIC FREE CALCIUM; RAT ADIPOCYTES; HYPERTENSION; PHOSPHORYLATION; MUSCLE; METABOLISM; RECOVERY; OBESITY; CLONING; PROTEIN AB Several dominant mutations at the agouti locus in the mouse cause a syndrome of marked obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, Although it is known that the agouti gene is expressed in an ectopic manner in these mutants, the precise mechanism by which the agouti gene product mediates these effects is unclear, Since intracellular Ca2+ is believed to play a role in mediating insulin action and dysregulation of Ca2+ flux is observed in diabetic animals and humans, we examined the status of intracellular Ca2+ in mice carrying the dominant agouti allele, viable yellow (A(vy)). We show here that in mice carrying this mutation, the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) is elevated in skeletal muscle, and the degree of elevation is closely correlated with the degree to which the mutant traits are expressed in individual animals, Moreover, we demonstrate that the agouti gene product is capable of inducing increased [Ca2+](i) in cultured and freshly isolated skeletal muscle myocytes from wild-type mice, Based on these findings, we present a model in which we propose that the agouti polypeptide promotes insulin resistance in mutant animals through its ability to increase [Ca2+](i). C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MED,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV TENNESSEE,PHYSIOL PROGRAM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. GLAXO INC,RES INST,DEPT BIOCHEM,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP ZEMEL, MB (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUTR,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 36 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 23 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 11 BP 4733 EP 4737 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.11.4733 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RA150 UT WOS:A1995RA15000004 PM 7761392 ER PT J AU CHEN, XA MARIAPPAN, SVS CATASTI, P RATLIFF, R MOYZIS, RK LAAYOUN, A SMITH, SS BRADBURY, EM GUPTA, G AF CHEN, XA MARIAPPAN, SVS CATASTI, P RATLIFF, R MOYZIS, RK LAAYOUN, A SMITH, SS BRADBURY, EM GUPTA, G TI HAIRPINS ARE FORMED BY THE SINGLE DNA STRANDS OF THE FRAGILE-X TRIPLET REPEATS - STRUCTURE AND BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE FRAGILE X TRIPLETS; STRUCTURE DETERMINATION BY 2-DIMENSIONAL NMR; HAIRPINS OF THE C-RICH STRANDS; ASYMMETRIC EXPANSION; DE NOVO METHYLATION ID METHYLATION; SEQUENCES; MECHANISM AB Inordinate expansion and hypermethylation of the fragile X DNA triplet repeat, (GGC)(n) .(GCC)(n), are correlated with the ability of the individual G- and C-rich single strands to form hairpin structures. Two-dimensional NMR and gel electrophoresis studies show that both the G- and C-rich single strands form hairpins under physiological conditions. This propensity of hairpin formation is more pronounced for the C-rich strand than for the G-rich strand. This observation suggests that the C-rich strand is more likely to form hairpin or ''slippage'' structure and show asymmetric strand expansion during replication. NMR data also show that the hairpins formed by the C-rich strands fold in such a way that the cytosine at the CpG step of the stem is C . C paired. The presence of a C . C mismatch at the CPG site generates local flexibility, thereby providing analogs of the transition to the methyltransferase. In other words, the hairpins of the C-rich strand act as better substrates for the human methyltransferase than the Watson-Crick duplex or the G-rich strand. Therefore, hairpin formation could account for the specific methylation of the CpG island in the fragile X repeat that occurs during inactivation of the FMR1 gene during the onset of the disease. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CITY HOPE NATL MED CTR,DEPT CELL & TUMOR BIOL,DUARTE,CA 91010. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 18 TC 209 Z9 211 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 23 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 11 BP 5199 EP 5203 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.11.5199 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RA150 UT WOS:A1995RA15000099 PM 7761473 ER PT J AU SNEPPEN, K BAK, P FLYVBJERG, H JENSEN, MH AF SNEPPEN, K BAK, P FLYVBJERG, H JENSEN, MH TI EVOLUTION AS A SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICAL PHENOMENON SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE MACROEVOLUTION; PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM; SELF-ORGANIZATION; CRITICALITY ID PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM; FOSSIL RECORD; SIMPLE-MODEL; EXTINCTION; PATTERNS; EVENTS; STATES AB We presents simple mathematical model of biological macroevolution. The model describes an ecology of adapting, interacting species. The environment of any given species is affected by other evolving species; hence, it is not constant in time. The ecology as a whole evolves to a ''self-organized critical'' state where periods of stasis alternate with avalanches of causally connected evolutionary changes. This characteristic behavior of natural history, known as ''punctuated equilibrium,'' thus finds a theoretical explanation as a self-organized critical phenomenon. The evolutionary behavior of single species is intermittent. Also, large bursts of apparently simultaneous evolutionary activity require no external cause. Extinctions of all sizes, including mass extinctions, may be a simple consequence of ecosystem dynamics. Our results are compared with data from the fossil record. C1 PRINCETON UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. ISAAC NEWTON INST MATH SCI, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0EH, ENGLAND. CONNECT, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, HLRZ, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. RP SNEPPEN, K (reprint author), NIELS BOHR INST, BLEGDAMSVEJ 17, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O, DENMARK. RI Flyvbjerg, Henrik/C-1127-2009; OI Flyvbjerg, Henrik/0000-0002-1691-9367; Sneppen, Kim/0000-0001-9820-3567 NR 35 TC 149 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 19 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 23 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 11 BP 5209 EP 5213 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.11.5209 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RA150 UT WOS:A1995RA15000101 PM 7761475 ER PT J AU MIRKARIMI, PB MEDLIN, DL MCCARTY, KF BARBOUR, JC AF MIRKARIMI, PB MEDLIN, DL MCCARTY, KF BARBOUR, JC TI GROWTH OF CUBIC BN FILMS ON BETA-SIC BY ION-ASSISTED PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; BORON-NITRIDE; DIAMOND; MECHANISMS C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP MIRKARIMI, PB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X NR 25 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 21 BP 2813 EP 2815 DI 10.1063/1.113484 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QZ266 UT WOS:A1995QZ26600016 ER PT J AU FRITZ, IJ KLEM, JF HAFICH, MJ HOWARD, AJ AF FRITZ, IJ KLEM, JF HAFICH, MJ HOWARD, AJ TI NOVEL PSEUDOALLOY APPROACH TO EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF COMPLEX INGAALAS MULTILAYER STRUCTURES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM RP FRITZ, IJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 21 BP 2825 EP 2827 DI 10.1063/1.113442 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QZ266 UT WOS:A1995QZ26600020 ER PT J AU SZELES, C ASOKAKUMAR, P LYNN, KG GOSSMANN, HJ UNTERWALD, FC BOONE, T AF SZELES, C ASOKAKUMAR, P LYNN, KG GOSSMANN, HJ UNTERWALD, FC BOONE, T TI DEFECT DISTRIBUTION IN LOW-TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY-GROWN SI/SI(100), IMPROVED DEPTH PROFILING WITH MONOENERGETIC POSITRONS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATED SILICON; THIN-FILMS; SI; SI(100); ELECTRON; THICKNESS; KINETICS C1 AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. RP SZELES, C (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 21 BP 2855 EP 2857 DI 10.1063/1.113452 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QZ266 UT WOS:A1995QZ26600030 ER PT J AU GOYAL, A SPECHT, ED KROEGER, DM MASON, TA DINGLEY, DJ RILEY, GN RUPICH, MW AF GOYAL, A SPECHT, ED KROEGER, DM MASON, TA DINGLEY, DJ RILEY, GN RUPICH, MW TI GRAIN-BOUNDARY MISORIENTATIONS AND PERCOLATIVE CURRENT PATHS IN HIGH-J(C) POWDER-IN-TUBE (BI,PB)(2)SR3CA3CU3OX SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CU-O SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; BICRYSTALS; TAPES C1 TEXSEM CORP,PROVO,UT 84601. AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP GOYAL, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 27 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 21 BP 2903 EP 2905 DI 10.1063/1.113468 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QZ266 UT WOS:A1995QZ26600046 ER PT J AU BETHARDY, GA NORTHRUP, FJ MACDONALD, RG AF BETHARDY, GA NORTHRUP, FJ MACDONALD, RG TI THE INITIAL VIBRATIONAL-STATE DISTRIBUTION OF HCN (X)OVER-TILDE(1)SIGMA(+)(V(1),O,V(3)) FROM THE REACTION CN((2)SIGMA(+))+C2H6-]HCN+C2H5 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RATE CONSTANTS; INFRARED CHEMILUMINESCENCE; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; CN RADICALS; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; DIODE-LASER; F-ATOMS; PHOTODISSOCIATION; CH4 RP BETHARDY, GA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 20 BP 7966 EP 7982 DI 10.1063/1.468995 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ026 UT WOS:A1995QZ02600019 ER PT J AU RUSSO, TV MARTIN, RL HAY, PJ AF RUSSO, TV MARTIN, RL HAY, PJ TI APPLICATION OF GRADIENT-CORRECTED DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY TO THE STRUCTURES AND THERMOCHEMISTRIES OF SCF3, TIF4, VF5, AND CRF6 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BASIS-SETS; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; CHROMIUM HEXAFLUORIDE; EXISTENCE; FLUORIDES; EXCHANGE; ORBITALS; ATOMS; YES RP RUSSO, TV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B268,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 38 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 20 BP 8023 EP 8028 DI 10.1063/1.469000 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ026 UT WOS:A1995QZ02600024 ER PT J AU NARAYANAN, T PITZER, KS AF NARAYANAN, T PITZER, KS TI CRITICAL PHENOMENA IN IONIC FLUIDS - A SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION OF THE CROSSOVER-BEHAVIOR SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BINARY-LIQUID MIXTURES; CRITICAL-POINT; CRITICAL-EXPONENT; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; COEXISTENCE CURVE; PHASE-SEPARATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; CONSOLUTE POINT; METAL-AMMONIA C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 54 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 20 BP 8118 EP 8131 DI 10.1063/1.469223 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ026 UT WOS:A1995QZ02600036 ER PT J AU NICHOLAS, JB FAN, JW WU, HB COLSON, SD WANG, LS AF NICHOLAS, JB FAN, JW WU, HB COLSON, SD WANG, LS TI A COMBINED DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORETICAL AND PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF GE2O2 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ELECTRON C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, EVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 20 BP 8277 EP 8280 DI 10.1063/1.468959 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ026 UT WOS:A1995QZ02600054 ER PT J AU HANDS, S KIM, S KOGUT, JB AF HANDS, S KIM, S KOGUT, JB TI THE U(1) GROSS-NEVEU MODEL AT NONZERO CHEMICAL-POTENTIAL SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID FINITE-TEMPERATURE; MONTE-CARLO; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; DENSITY; LATTICE; SIMULATIONS; QCD; DIMENSIONS AB The four-fermi model with continuous chiral symmetry is studied in three dimensions at nonzero chemical potential mu using both the 1/N-f expansion and computer simulations. For strong coupling this model spontaneously breaks its U(1) chiral symmetry at zero chemical potential and the Goldstone mechanism is realized through massless pions, The computer simulation predicts a critical chemical potential mu(c), close to the lightest fermion mass in the model, As mu is increased beyond mu(c), the pion screening mass increases rapidly from zero to a nonvanishing value indicating symmetry restoration. Some lessons are drawn relevant to lattice QCD simulations at non-zero mu. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP HANDS, S (reprint author), UNIV COLL SWANSEA,DEPT PHYS,SINGLETON PK,SWANSEA SA2 8PP,W GLAM,WALES. OI Hands, Simon/0000-0001-5720-7852 NR 24 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 442 IS 1-2 BP 364 EP 388 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00136-0 PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QZ539 UT WOS:A1995QZ53900015 ER PT J AU SNOWDENIFFT, DP FREEMAN, ES PRICE, PB AF SNOWDENIFFT, DP FREEMAN, ES PRICE, PB TI LIMITS ON DARK-MATTER USING ANCIENT MICA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEARCH; CRYSTALS C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA. RP SNOWDENIFFT, DP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 21 BP 4133 EP 4136 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4133 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ236 UT WOS:A1995QZ23600009 ER PT J AU DEMILLE, D AF DEMILLE, D TI PARITY NONCONSERVATION IN THE 6S(2) S-(1)0-]6S5D(3)D(1) TRANSITION IN ATOMIC YTTERBIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK NEUTRAL CURRENTS; RARE-EARTH ATOMS; NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE; CESIUM; VIOLATION; ENHANCEMENT; THALLIUM; PHYSICS; LASER; YB C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP DEMILLE, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 44 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 21 BP 4165 EP 4168 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4165 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ236 UT WOS:A1995QZ23600017 ER PT J AU PACZUSKI, M BAK, P MASLOV, S AF PACZUSKI, M BAK, P MASLOV, S TI LAWS FOR STATIONARY STATES IN SYSTEMS WITH EXTREMAL DYNAMICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; SIMPLE-MODEL; EVOLUTION C1 SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PHYS, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009 OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 21 BP 4253 EP 4256 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4253 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ236 UT WOS:A1995QZ23600039 ER PT J AU ENGELBRECHT, JR BEDELL, KS AF ENGELBRECHT, JR BEDELL, KS TI ROBUSTNESS OF A LOCAL FERMI-LIQUID AGAINST FERROMAGNETISM AND PHASE-SEPARATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HUBBARD-MODEL; INFINITE DIMENSIONS; SR1-XLAXTIO3 C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP ENGELBRECHT, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR MAT SCI, MS-K765, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 21 BP 4265 EP 4268 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4265 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ236 UT WOS:A1995QZ23600042 ER PT J AU BEDELL, KS FARINAS, PF AF BEDELL, KS FARINAS, PF TI KOHNS THEOREM AND CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS FOR A FERMI-LIQUID SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-WAVES; HUBBARD-MODEL; INSULATOR; METAL; DENSITY C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR MAT SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV FED SAO CARLOS, DEPT FIS, BR-13560 SAO CARLOS, SP, BRAZIL. RP BEDELL, KS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, MS-B262, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 21 BP 4285 EP 4288 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4285 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ236 UT WOS:A1995QZ23600047 ER PT J AU GREENFIELD, SR WASIELEWSKI, MR AF GREENFIELD, SR WASIELEWSKI, MR TI OPTICAL PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION OF FEMTOSECOND PULSES TUNABLE FROM THE BLUE TO THE INFRARED WITH MICROJOULE ENERGIES SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Note DE FEMTOSECOND PULSES; PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION; FREQUENCY CONVERSION ID GENERATION AB A white-light continuum is used to seed a two-stage optical parametric amplifier pumped by the second harmonic of a regeneratively amplified Ti:sapphire laser system operating at 824 nm. Microjoule energies are achieved in the signal branch, which is tunable from 472 to 785 nm. Near-transform-limited sub-200-fs pulses are attainable over the vast majority of the tuning range. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP GREENFIELD, SR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 15 BP 2688 EP 2691 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA QZ042 UT WOS:A1995QZ04200014 PM 21052413 ER PT J AU ALCOCK, C ALLSMAN, RA AXELROD, TS BENNETT, DP COOK, KH FREEMAN, KC GRIEST, K MARSHALL, SL PERLMUTTER, S PETERSON, BA PRATT, MR QUINN, PJ RODGERS, AW STUBBS, CW SUTHERLAND, W AF ALCOCK, C ALLSMAN, RA AXELROD, TS BENNETT, DP COOK, KH FREEMAN, KC GRIEST, K MARSHALL, SL PERLMUTTER, S PETERSON, BA PRATT, MR QUINN, PJ RODGERS, AW STUBBS, CW SUTHERLAND, W TI PROBABLE GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENSING TOWARD THE GALACTIC BULGE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DARK MATTER; GALAXY, STRUCTURE; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING; MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; STARS, LOW-MASS, BROWN DWARFS ID SURFACE MASS DENSITY; DISK; HALO; OBJECTS; STARS AB The MACHO project carries out regular photometric monitoring of millions of stars in the Magellanic Clouds and the Galactic bulge, to search for very rare gravitational microlensing events due to compact objects in the Galactic halo and disk. A preliminary analysis of one held in the Galactic bulge, containing similar to 430,000 stars observed for 190 days, reveals four stars which show clear evidence for magnifications which are time-symmetric, are achromatic in our two passbands, and have shapes consistent with gravitational microlensing. This is significantly higher than the similar to 1 event expected from microlensing by known stars in the disk. If all four events are due to microlensing, a 95% confidence lower limit on the optical depth toward our bulge field is 1.3 x 10(-6), and a best-fit value is tau approximate to 1.6 x 10(-6)/epsilon, where epsilon is the detection efficiency of the experiment, and epsilon < 0.4. If the true optical depth is close to the best-fit value, possible explanations include a ''maximal'' disk which accounts for most of the Galactic circular velocity at the solar radius, a halo which is centrally concentrated, or bulge-bulge microlensing. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV,WESTON,ACT 2611,AUSTRALIA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92039. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. RP ALCOCK, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; Bennett, David/O-2136-2013; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Bennett, David/0000-0001-8043-8413; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 19 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 445 IS 1 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1086/175678 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY129 UT WOS:A1995QY12900013 ER PT J AU ZELDOV, E MAJER, D KONCZYKOWSKI, M LRKIN, AI VINOKUR, VM GESHKENBEIN, VB CHIKUMOTO, N SHTRIKMAN, H AF ZELDOV, E MAJER, D KONCZYKOWSKI, M LRKIN, AI VINOKUR, VM GESHKENBEIN, VB CHIKUMOTO, N SHTRIKMAN, H TI NATURE OF THE IRREVERSIBILITY LINE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8 SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOWER-CRITICAL-FIELD; SURFACE BARRIERS; DIMENSIONAL CROSSOVER; FLUX-CREEP; SUPERCONDUCTOR; CRYSTALS; RELAXATION; YBA2CU3O7 AB Local vortex dynamics in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 single crystals was studied using novel microscopic GaAs/AlGaAs Hall-sensor arrays. The irreversibility line (IL) is found to exist in the absence of bulk pinning. At high temperatures the IL is due to geometrical barriers whereas at intermediate temperatures the irreversible behavior is determined by surface barriers. Bulk pinning governs the IL only at T < 22 K. C1 ECOLE POLYTECH,SOLIDES IRRADIES LAB,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117940,RUSSIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT IND CHEM,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. RP ZELDOV, E (reprint author), WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT CONDENSED MATTER PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RI Zeldov, Eli/K-1546-2012 OI Zeldov, Eli/0000-0002-8200-4974 NR 30 TC 137 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 5 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 6 BP 367 EP 372 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/30/6/009 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RB657 UT WOS:A1995RB65700009 ER PT J AU SLAUGENHAUPT, SA ROCA, AL LIEBERT, CB ALTHERR, MR GUSELLA, JF REPPERT, SM AF SLAUGENHAUPT, SA ROCA, AL LIEBERT, CB ALTHERR, MR GUSELLA, JF REPPERT, SM TI MAPPING OF THE GENE FOR THE MEL(1A)-MELATONIN RECEPTOR TO HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-4 (MTNR1A) AND MOUSE CHROMOSOME-8 (MTNR1A) SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID MELATONIN AB The pineal hormone melatonin elicits potent circadian and reproductive effects in mammals. We report the chromosomal location of the gene for the Mel(1a)-melatonin receptor that likely mediates these circadian and reproductive actions, PCR analysis of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids showed that the receptor gene (MTNR1A) maps to human chromosome 4q35.1. An interspecific backcross analysis revealed that the mouse gene (Mtnr1a) maps to the proximal portion of chromosome 8. These loci may be involved in genetically based circadian and neuroendocrine disorders. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,MOLEC NEUROGENET UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02114. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,DEV CHRONOBIOL LAB,BOSTON,MA 02114. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,PROGRAM NEUROSCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00169, F32-HG00073]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK42125] NR 14 TC 63 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 355 EP 357 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1056 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RD687 UT WOS:A1995RD68700022 PM 7558006 ER PT J AU SHUMAN, CA ALLEY, RB ANANDAKRISHNAN, S WHITE, JWC GROOTES, PM STEARNS, CR AF SHUMAN, CA ALLEY, RB ANANDAKRISHNAN, S WHITE, JWC GROOTES, PM STEARNS, CR TI TEMPERATURE AND ACCUMULATION AT THE GREENLAND SUMMIT - COMPARISON OF HIGH-RESOLUTION ISOTOPE PROFILES AND SATELLITE PASSIVE MICROWAVE BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE TRENDS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SNOW ACCUMULATION; ICE-SHEET; RECORDS; FIRN AB Long-term satellite passive microwave brightness temperature trends, supported by short-term automatic weather station (AWS) temperature data, show that the Greenland Summit area experiences secondary warm periods in the late fall and/or winter as well as primary midsummer warmth. High-resolution isotope profiles from snow pits dug in 1989, 1990, and 1991 near the Greenland Ice Sheet Project II (GISP2) site reveal that stable isotope ratios (delta(18)O and delta D) preserve this distinctive temperature cycle. This indicates that snow accumulation occurs frequently through the year at the Greenland Summit and that the isotope record initially contains temperature information from many times of the year. Through an empirically derived emissivity model using AWS air temperature data and satellite microwave brightness temperatures, our approach allows isotope values preserved in the snow to be related to estimated near-surface air temperatures. Density-corrected profiles allow the amounts and timing of accumulation to be determined as well. Our results indicate that stable isotope ratios from the near-surface snow at the Greenland Summit are currently a reliable, high-resolution temperature proxy. This result increases confidence in the paleoclimatic interpretation of isotope signal variations in the GISP2 and Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) deep ice cores. C1 PENN STATE UNIV, CTR EARTH SYST SCI, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOSCI, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL, INST REINE & ANGEW KERNPHYS, D-24118 KIEL, GERMANY. UNIV WISCONSIN, CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV COLORADO, INST ARCTIC & ALPINE RES, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RI Grootes, Pieter/F-4952-2011; White, James/A-7845-2009 OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684 NR 51 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 100 IS D5 BP 9165 EP 9177 DI 10.1029/95JD00560 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QZ724 UT WOS:A1995QZ72400021 ER PT J AU REN, ZF WANG, CA WANG, JH MILLER, DJ GORETTA, KC AF REN, ZF WANG, CA WANG, JH MILLER, DJ GORETTA, KC TI IMPROVEMENT OF TRANSPORT CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY IN IN-SITU SYNTHESIZED SILVER-SHEATHED SUPERCONDUCTING TAPE OF TL0.78BI0.22SR1.6BA0.4CA2CU3O9-DELTA BY INTERMEDIATE ANNEALING AND PRESSING SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID TL; PHASE; WIRE AB Intermediate thermal annealing and static hydraulic pressing were applied to process in-situ synthesized silver-sheathed superconducting Tl0.78Bi0.22Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O9-delta tapes. It was found that this intermediate processing improved the tape performance as indicated by a 65% increase of transport critical current density (J(c)) at zero field and an even greater increase of 340% at 5.5 T. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the microstructural differences and phase formation of the tapes prepared by three different methods. It was found that a higher core density and more favorable pore distribution due to the intermediate processing were the main reasons for the improvement in J(c). Field-cooled (FC, B = 50 G) magnetization measurements using a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) demonstrated a better flux pinning for the tape subjected to the intermediate processing, which is consistent with the greater improvement of the transport J(c) at 5.5 T than at zero field. C1 SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT CHEM,SUPERCONDUCT MAT LAB,BUFFALO,NY 14260. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 17 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 247 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00185-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RE732 UT WOS:A1995RE73200020 ER PT J AU ZHANG, JD DOWBEN, PA LI, DQ ONELLION, M AF ZHANG, JD DOWBEN, PA LI, DQ ONELLION, M TI ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF OXYGEN-CHEMISORPTION ON GD(0001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; CHEMISORPTION; GADOLINIUM; GADOLINIUM OXIDES; LOW INDEX SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACES; OXIDATION ID RARE-EARTH-METAL; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BAND-STRUCTURE; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; GADOLINIUM; GD; RECONSTRUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE AB The initial stages of oxidation and the electronic structure of chemisorbed oxygen on Gd(0001) thin films have been studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Dissociative chemisorption of oxygen occurs with initial exposures and is followed by formation of a more complex surface oxide of Gd. The symmetry of oxygen-induced states has been identified. Initial oxygen chemisorption occurs through bonding to the Gd(0001) surface via the p(x,y) derived oxygen states. The surface work function decreases with initial oxygen adsorption. The electronic structure induced by oxygen and the work function change indicate that the chemisorbed oxygen layer is below the plane of the Gd(0001) surface layer. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LINCOLN,NE 68588. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 329 IS 3 BP 177 EP 183 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00115-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ375 UT WOS:A1995QZ37500007 ER PT J AU WIDDRA, W HUANG, C WEINBERG, WH AF WIDDRA, W HUANG, C WEINBERG, WH TI ADSORPTION OF ETHYLENE ON THE SI(100)-(2X1) SURFACE - REPLY SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Note DE CHEMISORPTION; LOW INDEX SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACES; MODELS OF SURFACE CHEMICAL REACTIONS; SILICON AB The experimental facts are reviewed concerning why there is likely to be silicon dimer bond cleavage upon adsorption of ethylene on the Si(100)-(2 X 1) surface. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM ENGN, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, CTR QUANTIZED ELECTR STRUCT, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. TECH UNIV MUNICH, DEPT PHYS E20, D-85747 GARCHING, GERMANY. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OI Widdra, Wolf/0000-0003-1884-8715 NR 7 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAY 20 PY 1995 VL 329 IS 3 BP 295 EP 296 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00105-0 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QZ375 UT WOS:A1995QZ37500021 ER PT J AU CONNORS, MS MALFATTI, MA FELTON, JS AF CONNORS, MS MALFATTI, MA FELTON, JS TI THE METABOLISM AND DNA-BINDING OF THE COOKED-FOOD MUTAGEN, 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE (PHIP) IN PRECISION-CUT RAT-LIVER SLICES SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE SLICES; LIVER; PHIP; SULFOTRANSFERASE; ACETYLTRANSFERASE; CYTOCHROME P450 ID DYNAMIC ORGAN-CULTURE; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; DRUG-METABOLISM; PYRIDINE PHIP; IN-VIVO; ACTIVATION; INVITRO; SULFATION; INVIVO; PENTACHLOROPHENOL AB Precision-cut liver slices prepared from Aroclor 1254 pretreated male rats were used to investigate the metabolism of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). The acetyltransferase and sulfotransferase inhibitors, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,6-dichlaro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP), and the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF), were used to modulate PhIP metabolism and DNA and protein adduct formation. PCP and DCNP had similar effects on the formation of some PhIP metabolites, PCP and DCNP decreased the formation of 4'-(2-amino-1-methylimidazo [4,5-b]pyrid-6-yl)phenyl sulfate (4'-PhIP-sulfate) and 2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-hydroxy-PhIP)-glucuronide to 10% and 55% of controls, respectively. 2-Amino-1-methyl-4'-hydroxy-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (4'-hydroxy-PhIP) was increased by 50% relative to control levels due to PCP and DCNP treatment. PCP and DCNP had different effects on the formation of other PhIP metabolites. Metabolite formation as percent of control for the uncharacterized metabolite, 'Peak A', was 50% and 100% in incubations with PCP and DCNP, respectively. Formation of 4'-hydroxy-PhIP-glucuronide was decreased to 10% of controls with PCP and increased to 147% of controls with DCNP. PCP and DCNP had no effect on the formation of an unidentified metabolite, 'Peak B'. ANF decreased metabolite formation by 60-95%. None of the enzyme inhibitors had a statistically significant effect on PhIP-DNA binding. Covalent binding of PhIP to protein was slightly decreased in incubations containing DCNP or PCP. The lack of significant changes in covalent binding to either DNA or protein suggests that additional pathways may be important in PhIP bioactivation in rat liver slices. With ANF, there was a significant decrease (35%) in protein binding. These observations on the effects of PCP, DCNP and ANF on PhIP metabolism as well as on covalent binding of PhIP to tissue macromolecules are in close agreement with what was reported earlier in hepatocytes. This indicates that tissue slices from various target tissues for tumorigenesis will be a useful in vitro tool for future studies on heterocyclic amine metabolism. This study provides another important example of the utility of precision-cut tissue slices to investigate xenobiotic metabolism and toxicity. C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT SCI BIOL,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04705] NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 96 IS 2 BP 185 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0009-2797(94)03595-Y PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA QV678 UT WOS:A1995QV67800008 PM 7728907 ER PT J AU LACKS, SA GREENBERG, B SABELNIKOV, AG AF LACKS, SA GREENBERG, B SABELNIKOV, AG TI POSSIBLE REGULATION OF DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE EXPRESSION BY RNA PROCESSING IN STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE SO GENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd New-England biolabs Workshop on Biological DNA Modification CY MAY 22-28, 1994 CL VILNIUS, LITHUANIA SP New England Biolabs DE RESTRICTION ENZYMES; MESSENGER RNA; RNA DEGRADATION; RIBOSOME-BINDING SITES; REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION ID DIPLOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; RESTRICTION; SPECIFICITY; CASSETTE AB Atypical ribosome-binding sites lacking Shine-Dalgarno sequences appear to be used for translation of the DpnM and DpnA DNA methyltransferases of the DpnII restriction system. Preliminary results indicate that the 5'-endpoints of DpnII system mRNAs result from degradation of the original transcript. These tentative findings serve as the basis for a possible regulatory model that would accommodate the DpnII cassette either as a single copy in the chromosome or on a multicopy plasmid. RP LACKS, SA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM29721] NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 157 IS 1-2 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(94)00481-7 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RE725 UT WOS:A1995RE72500047 PM 7541761 ER PT J AU CHEN, YR HARTMANN, FC AF CHEN, YR HARTMANN, FC TI A SIGNATURE OF THE OXYGENASE INTERMEDIATE IN CATALYSIS BY RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE AS PROVIDED BY A SITE-DIRECTED MUTANT SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID 1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; ACTIVE-SITE; RIBULOSEBISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; MECHANISM; PRODUCTS; SPINACH AB An uncharacterized minor transient product, observed in our earlier studies of substrate turnover by the E48Q mutant of Rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Lee, E. H., Harpel, M. R., Chen, Y. R., and Hartman, F. C. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 26583-26591), becomes a major product when it is trapped and stabilized with berate as an additive to the reaction mixture. Chemical characterization establishes this novel product as D-glycero-2,3-pentodiulose 1,5-bisphosphate, thereby demonstrating oxidation of the C-3 hydroxyl of D- ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to a carbonyl. As the formation of the novel oxidation product is oxygen-dependent and generates hydrogen peroxide, its precursor must be a peroxy derivative of ribulose bisphosphate. Thus, discovery of the dicarbonyl bisphosphate lends direct support to the long standing, but heretofore unproven, postulate that the normal pathway for oxidative cleavage of ribulose bisphosphate by the wild-type enzyme entails a peroxy intermediate. Our results also suggest that stabilization of the peroxy intermediate by the wild-type enzyme promotes carbon-carbon scission as opposed to elimination of hydrogen peroxide. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,PROT ENGN PROGRAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 20 BP 11741 EP 11744 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QY736 UT WOS:A1995QY73600011 PM 7744819 ER PT J AU GUIOCHON, G AF GUIOCHON, G TI 1994 INTERNATIONAL-SYMPOSIUM ON PREPARATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHY, WASHINGTON, DC, 12-15 JUNE 1994 - FOREWORD SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GUIOCHON, G (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 702 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)90063-2 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA RA849 UT WOS:A1995RA84900001 ER PT J AU SARKER, M GUIOCHON, G AF SARKER, M GUIOCHON, G TI STUDY OF THE PACKING BEHAVIOR OF AXIAL-COMPRESSION COLUMNS FOR PREPARATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 International Symposium on Preparative Chromatography CY JUN 01-05, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP WASHINGTON CHROMATOG DISCUSS GRP ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OPTIMIZATION; ELUTION; SCALE AB The behavior of the packing of axial compression columns (5 cm I.D.) has been studied using IMPAQ C-18 silica (average particle size 17 mu m) as the stationary phase and water-methanol solutions as the eluent. Provided the frits used at both column ends are properly cleaned, columns of the same efficiency as analytical columns are easily and reproducibly obtained. The efficiencies of several columns for acetone (poorly retained), phenol (moderately retained) and cresol (strongly retained) were found to remain unchanged over periods' of 100 to 200 h. The column length was monitored during operations. It was found to decrease slowly over time, and to change when the packing solvent is replaced by the experimental eluent, and during gradient elution. It is smaller when the eluent contains more water. The total porosity and-the permeability of the axial compression columns were lower than those of analytical columns. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 702 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 44 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00130-F PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA RA849 UT WOS:A1995RA84900003 ER PT J AU LAWLER, A AF LAWLER, A TI SCIENCE INTERVIEW - AS OLEARY STRUGGLES TO PRESERVE ENERGY DEPARTMENT SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 268 IS 5213 BP 965 EP 966 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QY934 UT WOS:A1995QY93400013 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, JL BAME, SJ FELDMAN, WC GOLDSTEIN, BE GOSLING, JT HAMMOND, CM MCCOMAS, DJ NEUGEBAUER, M SCIME, EE SUESS, ST AF PHILLIPS, JL BAME, SJ FELDMAN, WC GOLDSTEIN, BE GOSLING, JT HAMMOND, CM MCCOMAS, DJ NEUGEBAUER, M SCIME, EE SUESS, ST TI ULYSSES SOLAR-WIND PLASMA OBSERVATIONS AT HIGH SOUTHERLY LATITUDES SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SECTOR STRUCTURE; EVOLUTION AB Solar wind plasma observations made by the Ulysses spacecraft through -80.2 degrees solar latitude and continuing equatorward to -40.1 degrees are summarized. Recurrent high-speed streams and corotating interaction regions dominated at middle latitudes. The speed of the solar wind was typically 700 to 800 kilometers per second poleward of -35 degrees. Corotating reverse shocks persisted farther south than did forward shocks because of the tilt of the heliomagnetic streamer belt. Sporadic coronal mass ejections were seen as far south as -60.5 degrees. Proton temperature was higher and the electron strahl was broader at higher latitudes. The high-latitude wind contained compressional, pressure-balanced, and Alfvenic structures. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,SPACE SCI LAB ES82,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. RP PHILLIPS, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 29 TC 148 Z9 150 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 19 PY 1995 VL 268 IS 5213 BP 1030 EP 1033 DI 10.1126/science.268.5213.1030 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QY934 UT WOS:A1995QY93400035 PM 17774231 ER PT J AU ROSENWAKS, Y THACKER, BR BERTNESS, K NOZIK, AJ AF ROSENWAKS, Y THACKER, BR BERTNESS, K NOZIK, AJ TI IDEAL BEHAVIOR AT ILLUMINATED SEMICONDUCTOR-LIQUID JUNCTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID RECOMBINATION; ELECTRODES; INTERFACE AB Photocurrent-voltage characteristics that show a nearly ideal dependence on the concentration of a nonadsorbed, outer-sphere redox acceptor (cobaltocenium) have been achieved with a novel photoelectrode structure that consists of a thin (30-50 Angstrom) epilayer of GaInP2 deposited on a thick (5000 Angstrom) p-GaAs epilayer. The thin GaInP2 layer produces nearly perfect passivation of the GaAs surface (resulting in a surface recombination velocity <200 cm/s), while at the same time permitting efficient electron transfer via field-assisted tunneling and/or thermionic emission, The electron transfer kinetics, as characterized by quenching of the GaAs photoluminescence, also shows a systematic acceptor concentration dependence. An unambiguous concentration,dependence of the photocurrent and electron transfer kinetics has not been previously reported at semiconductor-liquid junctions. C1 NAT RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 7871 EP 7874 DI 10.1021/j100020a007 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500007 ER PT J AU HAYDEN, CC CHANDLER, DW AF HAYDEN, CC CHANDLER, DW TI FEMTOSECOND TIME-DELAYED PHOTOIONIZATION STUDIES OF ULTRAFAST INTERNAL-CONVERSION IN 1,3,5-HEXATRIENE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYENE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CIS-HEXATRIENE; RYDBERG STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE; IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; ENERGY; FRAGMENTATION AB This paper presents results from femtosecond time-resolved studies of the ultrafast internal conversion in 1,3,5-hexatriene following excitation of the 1(1)B(u) state at around 250 nm. The internal conversion process is investigated using time-delayed single and multiple photon ionization with 350 rim and 310 nm probe pulses. The initial step in the internal conversion is found to be very fast (<100 fs) as expected from absorption line width measurements. However we are able to observe the subsequent time evolution of the molecule for more than 1 ps. The internal conversion appears to proceed through an intermediate state, likely to be the 2(1)A(g) electronic state, that is seen to decay with a similar to 250 fs time constant. RP HAYDEN, CC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 45 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 7897 EP 7903 DI 10.1021/j100020a011 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500011 ER PT J AU CHEN, LX WANG, ZY BURDETT, JK MONTANO, PA NORRIS, JR AF CHEN, LX WANG, ZY BURDETT, JK MONTANO, PA NORRIS, JR TI X-RAY-ABSORPTION STUDIES ON ELECTRONIC SPIN-STATE TRANSITIONS OF FE(II) COMPLEXES IN DIFFERENT MEDIA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; TRAPPING LIESST; IRON(II) COMPLEXES; LIGHT; INTERCONVERSION; SPECTROSCOPY; IRRADIATION; PORPHYRINS; MECHANISM; DYNAMICS AB The molecular structures for thermal activated and photoinduced electronic spin state of [Fe(pic)(3)]Cl-2 . EtOH (pic = alpha-picolylamine) in ethanol solution are studied using EXAFS and optical absorption spectroscopies. Structural studies of the thermally activated spin state in this compound were also conducted on the crystalline solid. The experimental results show that the Fe-N bond length change in [Fe(pic)(3)]Cl-2 . EtOH solution is similar to that observed in the crystalline solid for the thermally activated spin state where the Fe-N bond distances are 2.00 +/- 0.02 and 2.20 +/- 0.02 Angstrom for the low spin and the high spin states respectively. However, photoexcitation of the low spin state [Fe(pic)(3)]Cl-2 . EtOH in solution at 10 K generated a metastable intermediate with a structure different from either the high spin or the low spin state. The analysis of the experimental data indicates that the Fe-N bond distances in this intermediate are divided into two sets with average bond distances of 1.94 +/- 0.04 and 2.11 +/- 0.04 Angstrom. This phenomenon is attributed to a Jahn-Teller distortion of the octahedral structure probably due to electron transfer between the solvent and the solute molecules or to an intermediate state with tripler character stabilized by a pseudo D-4h field. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RP CHEN, LX (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 7958 EP 7964 DI 10.1021/j100020a018 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500018 ER PT J AU RENNER, MW BUCHLER, JW AF RENNER, MW BUCHLER, JW TI CATION AND ANION-RADICALS OF (5,15-DIMETHYL-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-OCTAETHYL-5H,15H-PORPHINATO)NICKEL(II ) - COMPARISON OF THE NICKEL-COMPLEXES OF PORPHODIMETHENE AND CHLORIN CHROMOPHORES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; DIFFERENTIAL-OVERLAP TECHNIQUE; METAL-COMPLEXES; TETRAPYRROLE LIGANDS; INTERMEDIATE NEGLECT; MOLECULAR STEREOCHEMISTRY; SULFITE REDUCTASES; MODELS; CHEMISTRY; SIROHEME AB The metalloporphodimethene (5,15-dimethyl-2,3,7,8,12,13,17, 18-octaethyl-5H,15H-porphinato)nickel(II) [1, Ni(OEPMe(2))] is electrochemically oxidized or reduced to its,pi cation radical, 1(+), or pi anion radical, 1(-), respectively. The half-wave potentials of these processes are +0.64 and -1.52 V, respectively (CH2Cl2, NBu(4)ClO(4), SCE). The optical and X-band EPR spectra of 1(+) (g = 2.003, CH2Cl2) and 1(-) (g 2.000, THF) are characteristic of macrocycle radicals. The spin densities for 1(+) and 1(-) obtained using iterative extended Huckel (IEH) calculations agree well with the observed EPR spectra. The EPR spectrum of 1(-) has a large relative spin density of 0.19 at C-10 and C-20 expressed by the large two-proton coupling of 5.06G, which was verified by simulations. The pi-pi* transitions at 433 and 546 nm in the optical spectrum of 1 are reproduced by the intermediate neglect of differential overlap spectroscopic (INDO/s) method (428 nm; 556 nm). The HOMO of 1 looks like a porphyrin a(lu) orbital in which the Two pyrromethene chromophores are conjugated through the nickel atom, while in the LUMO the two pyrromethenes are not coupled. Optically, 1(+) is similar to 1, but 1(-) is more characteristic of a porphomethene. A comparison of 1, 1(+), and 1(-) with nickel octaethylchlorin [2, Ni(OEC)], 2(+), and 2(-) reveals that the redox properties (E(ox) - E(red) = 2.16 V for 1 and 1.98 V for 2) and unpaired spin profiles are very similar despite structural and electronic differences within the otherwise isomeric dihydroporphyrin chromophores. C1 TH DARMSTADT,INST ANORGAN CHEM,D-64287 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RP RENNER, MW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 66 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 8045 EP 8049 DI 10.1021/j100020a030 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500030 ER PT J AU JENSEN, JH GORDON, MS AF JENSEN, JH GORDON, MS TI AB-INITIO LOCALIZED CHARGE-DISTRIBUTIONS - THEORY AND A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE WATER DIMER-HYDROGEN BOND SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WAVE-FUNCTIONS; 1ST-ROW ATOMS; BASIS-SETS; ENERGIES AB The method of localized charge distributions, originally implemented for semiempirical molecular orbital (MO) theory, is reintroduced and implemented for ab initio self-consistent field MO theory. This theory is then used in conjunction with localized second-order Moller-Plesset (MP2) pair energies to analyze the hydrogen bond in the water dimer. It is found that this hydrogen bond can be explained as the competition between the intrawater electronic kinetic energy pressure and the interwater potential energy suction. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Jensen, Jan/G-4338-2010 OI Jensen, Jan/0000-0002-1465-1010 NR 44 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 8091 EP 8107 DI 10.1021/j100020a037 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500037 ER PT J AU GASTEIGER, HA MARKOVIC, NM ROSS, PN AF GASTEIGER, HA MARKOVIC, NM ROSS, PN TI H-2 AND CO ELECTROOXIDATION ON WELL-CHARACTERIZED PT, RU, AND PT-RU .1. ROTATING-DISK ELECTRODE STUDIES OF THE PURE GASES INCLUDING TEMPERATURE EFFECTS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; CATALYTIC-OXIDATION; SULFURIC-ACID; BINARY-ALLOYS; AD-ATOMS; PLATINUM; ELECTROCATALYSIS; ADSORPTION; SURFACE AB The electrooxidation of pure hydrogen and carbon monoxide on Pt-Ru alloy surfaces was studied as a prelude to a companion study (Part 2) of the electrooxidation of CO/H-2 mixtures such as those produced by steam reforming of hydrocarbon fuels. The rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique was uniquely combined with characterization of the electrode surface composition in UHV by low-energy ion-scattering spectrosocopy (LEIS). Whereas hydrogen oxidation was found to be a very fast reaction on both pure Pt and Pt-rich Ru ahoy surfaces (an exchange current density on the order of 0.1 A/cm(2)), it is orders of magnitude slower on a pure Ru surface at room temperature. However, unlike pure Pt, the reaction is thermally activated on pure Ru, such that at 60 degrees C the reaction occurs at both Pt and Ru sites of the alloy surface at practical rates. The onset potential for CO oxidation is inversely related to the Ru content of the surface and is the lowest for pure Ru. However, the maximum current density, equal to the diffusion-limiting current, occurs on the 50% alloy surface. These results are consistent with the previously proposed mechanism for the oxidation of adsorbed CO on these same surfaces when the effect of a continuous flux of CO from the electrolyte is accounted for. According to this mechanism, Ru sites nucleate oxygenated species at low potential, but the species formed on Pt/Ru site pails are uniquely reactive toward adsorbed CO. Parallels are drawn between H-2 and CO oxidation and methanol and formic acid oxidation on these surfaces, as all four reactions have some elementary steps in common. RP GASTEIGER, HA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,MAIL STOP 2-100,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 47 TC 423 Z9 427 U1 9 U2 96 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 8290 EP 8301 DI 10.1021/j100020a063 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500063 ER PT J AU DEBRECZENY, MP SAUER, K ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA AF DEBRECZENY, MP SAUER, K ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA TI COMPARISON OF CALCULATED AND EXPERIMENTALLY RESOLVED RATE CONSTANTS FOR EXCITATION-ENERGY TRANSFER IN C-PHYCOCYANIN .1. MONOMERS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE DATA; UV-VISIBLE ABSORPTION; MASTIGOCLADUS-LAMINOSUS; AGMENELLUM-QUADRUPLICATUM; CHROMOPHORE-PROTEIN; QUANTUM YIELDS; FLUORESCENCE; PHYCOBILISOMES; SUBUNITS AB Rate constants for excitation energy transfer in the light-harvesting protein, C-phycocyanin (PC), in the monomeric aggregation state, isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, are calculated using Forster theory and compared with the results of time-resolved fluorescence measurements. In addition to the relative distances and orientations between chromophores, obtained from the crystal structure of PC, the Forster calculations require spectroscopic resolution of several properties of the chromophore types (beta(155), alpha(84), beta(84)) found in PC monomers, including absorption and fluorescence spectra, molar absorptivities, fluorescence quantum yields, and fluorescence lifetimes. The resolution of the first two properties, the chromophore absorption and fluorescence spectra, was described in a previous paper [Debreczeny et al. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 9852-9862]. The assignments of the energy-transfer rate constants in PC monomers are confirmed here by time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements of the PC monomers isolated from both the wild-type and a mutant strain (cpcB/C155S) whose PC is missing the beta(155) chromophore. These fluorescence anisotropy measurements also allow one to extract the angles between the transition dipoles of the chromophores within the beta(155)-beta(84) (34 degrees) and alpha(84)-beta(84) (27 degrees) chromophore pairs. The values of the inverse of the sum of the forward and back calculated Forster rate constants for energy transfer within the beta(155)-beta(84) alpha(84)-beta(84), and beta(155)-alpha(84) chromophore pairs are 49, 158, and 890 ps, respectively, and are in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured values. It is concluded that the Forster model of resonant energy transfer in the weak coupling limit successfully describes the dominant energy-transfer processes in this protein in the monomeric state. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,CTR BIOMOLEC STRUCT & FUNCT,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NR 31 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 8412 EP 8419 DI 10.1021/j100020a080 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500080 ER PT J AU DEBRECZENY, MP SAUER, K ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA AF DEBRECZENY, MP SAUER, K ZHOU, JH BRYANT, DA TI COMPARISON OF CALCULATED AND EXPERIMENTALLY RESOLVED RATE CONSTANTS FOR EXCITATION-ENERGY TRANSFER IN C-PHYCOCYANIN .2. TRIMERS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIUM WESTIELLOPSIS-PROLIFICA; MASTIGOCLADUS-LAMINOSUS; FLUORESCENCE-SPECTRA; TRANSFER KINETICS; SPECTROSCOPY; PHYCOBILISOMES; RESOLUTION; ABSORPTION; CHROMOPHORES; STATE AB The light-harvesting protein C-phycocyanin (PC) in the trimeric aggregation state, isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, is studied by absorption spectroscopy and by time-resolved anisotropic fluorescence spectroscopy with 1 ps time resolution. PC trimers isolated from the wild-type strain and a mutant strain, cpcB/C155S, in which the P155 chromophore is missing, are compared. The absorption spectra of the trimeric PCs, when compared with previously published spectra of the monomeric PCs [Debreczeny et al. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 9852-9862], lead us to conclude that the absorption spectrum of the beta(155) chromophore is similar when PC is in the monomeric and trimeric states. This means that the red shift of the absorption spectrum that occurs when PC aggregates from monomers to trimers is due to changes in the spectra of the alpha(84) and/or beta(84) chromophores. First-order exciton coupling between chromophores cannot alone be the cause of the red shift. Time-reserved fluorescence anisotropy measurements lead to assignments of the dominant rate constants for energy transfer between chromophores in PC trimers and provide information about the relative chromophore orientations. The angle between the transition dipoles of the alpha(84)(1) and beta(84)(2) chromophores on adjacent monomers in the trimer is estimated from the fluorescence anisotropy decay to be 52 degrees (the chromophore numbering scheme follows the convention established by Schirmer et al. J. Mol. Biol. 1987, 196, 677-695). The angles between the C-3 axis of symmetry in the trimer and the alpha(84) and beta(84) chromophore transition dipoles are restricted to four possible values. The observed anisotropic fluorescence decay times of 1.0, 50, and 40 ps are respectively assigned to energy transfer within the alpha(84)(1)-beta(84)(2) pairs on adjacent monomers, within the beta(155)(1)-beta(84)(1) pairs on the same monomer, and between the alpha(84)(1) beta(84)(2), alpha(84)(2) beta(84)(3), and alpha(84)(3) beta(84)(1) pairs around the trimer ring. These results are in excellent agreement with Forster calculations in the weak coupling limit which predict decay times of 1.4, 49, and 46 ps for these same three energy-transfer processes. In combination with previous results [Debreczeny et al., companion paper], these results indicate that the dominant energy-transfer processes in monomeric and trimeric PC are well described by Forster's theory. This is the first detailed confirmation of Forster theory in a pigment protein. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,CTR BIOMOLEC STRUCT & FUNCT,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NR 35 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 20 BP 8420 EP 8431 DI 10.1021/j100020a081 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QZ085 UT WOS:A1995QZ08500081 ER PT J AU HO, DD PERELSON, AS SHAW, GM AF HO, DD PERELSON, AS SHAW, GM TI HIV RESULTS IN THE FRAME - REPLY SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. RP HO, DD (reprint author), AARON DIAMOND AIDS RES CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10016, USA. NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 18 PY 1995 VL 375 IS 6528 BP 198 EP 198 DI 10.1038/375198b0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QY881 UT WOS:A1995QY88100047 ER PT J AU POLSE, JL ANDERSEN, RA BERGMAN, RG AF POLSE, JL ANDERSEN, RA BERGMAN, RG TI CYCLOADDITION AND CYCLOREVERSION REACTIONS OF A MONOMERIC TI(IV) OXO COMPLEX WITH TERMINAL AND INTERNAL ALKYNES - A REVERSIBLE OXAMETALLACYCLOBUTENE HYDROXOACETYLIDE INTERCONVERSION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID TMTAA = DIANION; TRAPPING REACTIONS; DATIVE LIGANDS; GENERATION; BOND; 7,16-DIHYDRO-6,8,15,17-TETRAMETHYLDIBENZO<1,4,8,11>TETRAAZACYCLOTET RADECIN.; CP-STAR-2ZR=S; HYDROCARBONS; ACTIVATION; REACTIVITY C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 22 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 17 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 19 BP 5393 EP 5394 DI 10.1021/ja00124a036 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QY885 UT WOS:A1995QY88500036 ER PT J AU FAN, JW NICHOLAS, JB PRICE, JM COLSON, SD WANG, LS AF FAN, JW NICHOLAS, JB PRICE, JM COLSON, SD WANG, LS TI SI3O4- - VIBRATIONALLY RESOLVED PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM AND AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID SPECTROMETER; IONS C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 17 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 19 BP 5417 EP 5418 DI 10.1021/ja00124a048 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QY885 UT WOS:A1995QY88500048 ER PT J AU GARCIA, JG FRONCZEK, FR AF GARCIA, JG FRONCZEK, FR TI ENDO-1,10,11,12,13,13-HEXACHLORO-TRICYCLO[8.2.1.0(2,9)]TRIDECA-11-ENE SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DIELS-ALDER DIADDUCT; 1,5-CYCLOOCTADIENE; 1,2,3,4-TETRACHLORO-1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE; ADDUCT AB In endo-1,10,11,12,13,13-hexachlorotricyclo[8.2.1.0(2,9)]-trideca-11-ene, C13H14Cl6, the cyclooctane ring adopts a twist-chair conformation. There is disorder involving the two outermost C atoms of the eight-membered ring in which a conformer having the opposite twist handedness has 15% population. The near-zero torsion angle of the twist-chair at the ring-fusion bond has a magnitude of 2.3 (4)degrees. The torsion angles about the bonds comprising the sides of the twist-chair for the major conformer are 81.1 (4) and -51.9 (4)degrees. The norbornene C=C bond length is 1.331 (4) Angstrom. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP GARCIA, JG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MS 55-121,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 987 EP 989 DI 10.1107/S0108270194011479 PN 5 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA RB595 UT WOS:A1995RB59500079 ER PT J AU PETTY, JT JOHNSON, ME GOODWIN, PM MARTIN, JC JETT, JH KELLER, RA AF PETTY, JT JOHNSON, ME GOODWIN, PM MARTIN, JC JETT, JH KELLER, RA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DNA SIZE DETERMINATION OF SMALL FRAGMENTS BY FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; RESTRICTION FRAGMENTS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHTS; CONFORMATION; SEPARATION AB DNA fragment lengths were determined using the intensity of fluorescent bursts from single fragments stained with a thiazole orange derivative, The individual stained fragments were introduced into a sheath now cuvette and passed through a low-power (30 mW), continuous-wave laser beam with transit times in the range 3-5 ms. As little as 50 fg of DNA was analyzed at a rate of 40 fragments/s for times ranging from 1 to 15 min. a detectable lower size limit of 1.5 kilobase pairs (kbp) was demonstrated, and a linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and fragment length was observed. Issues relating to size resolution in the 2-50 kbp range are discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CST 1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LS 2,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 27 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 10 BP 1755 EP 1761 DI 10.1021/ac00106a017 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA QX590 UT WOS:A1995QX59000017 ER PT J AU KAGARLIS, MA JOHNSON, MB FORTUNE, HT AF KAGARLIS, MA JOHNSON, MB FORTUNE, HT TI A MICROSCOPIC, COUPLED-CHANNEL THEORY OF PION-SCATTERING SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; LOW-ENERGY PIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; RESONANCE REGION; 3,3 RESONANCE; SHELL-MODEL; SINGLE; DEPENDENCE AB We develop a new and comprehensive coordinate-space theory of pion-nucleus scattering to facilitate disentangling the conventional aspects of pion scattering from the non-conventional ones relevant to issues of hadron dynamics. We work in coordinate space in order to both unify and extend the relatively extensive and successful analyses of exclusive pion-nucleus reactions previously made within a similar framework, We construct the optical potential microscopically in a shell-model framework by summing particle-hole pair configurations, leading naturally to a coupled-channel formulation. The theory includes a complete treatment of all spin-isospin components of the pion-nucleon scattering amplitude, and Fermi averaging is done explicitly. We present numerical results showing the significance of Fermi motion and spin dependence on charge-exchange angular distributions: Single and double spin flip are shown to play dominant and generally unappreciated roles in charge-exchange reactions, and corrections for Fermi motion are shown to be needed in order to quantitatively separate medium effects from conventional multiple scattering. (C) 1995 Academic Press. Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 81 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 240 IS 1 BP 56 EP 106 DI 10.1006/aphy.1995.1042 PG 51 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QZ036 UT WOS:A1995QZ03600003 ER PT J AU LEAR, KL CHOQUETTE, KD SCHNEIDER, RP KILCOYNE, SP AF LEAR, KL CHOQUETTE, KD SCHNEIDER, RP KILCOYNE, SP TI MODAL-ANALYSIS OF A SMALL SURFACE-EMITTING LASER WITH A SELECTIVELY OXIDIZED WAVE-GUIDE SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article RP LEAR, KL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PHOTON RES DEPT 1312,MS 0603,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 20 BP 2616 EP 2618 DI 10.1063/1.113102 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY400 UT WOS:A1995QY40000005 ER PT J AU SAVIKHIN, S VANNOORT, PI ZHU, YW LIN, S BLANKENSHIP, RE STRUVE, WS AF SAVIKHIN, S VANNOORT, PI ZHU, YW LIN, S BLANKENSHIP, RE STRUVE, WS TI ULTRAFAST ENERGY-TRANSFER IN LIGHT-HARVESTING CHLOROSOMES FROM THE GREEN SULFUR BACTERIUM CHLOROBIUM-TEPIDUM SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PUMP-PROBE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA; CHLOROFLEXUS-AURANTIACUS; BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL-C; ANTENNA ORGANIZATION; TRANSFER KINETICS; CELLS; EFFICIENCY; COHERENCE AB Two independent pump-probe techniques were used to study the antenna energy transfer kinetics of intact chlorosomes from the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum with femtosecond resolution. The isotropic kinetics revealed by one-color experiments in the BChl c antenna were inhomogeneous with respect to wavelength. Multiexponential analyses of the photobleaching/stimulated emission (PB/SE) decay profiles typically yielded (apart from a approximate to 10 fs component that may stem from the initial coherent oscillation) components with lifetimes 1-2 ps and several tens of ps. The largest amplitudes for the latter component occur at 810 nm, the longest wavelength studied. Analyses of most two-color pump-probe profiles with the probe wavelength red-shifted from the pump wavelength yielded no PB/SE rise components. PB/SE components with approximate to 1 ps risetime were found in 790 --> 810 and 790 --> 820 Mn profiles, in which the probe wavelength is situated well into the BChl a absorption region. A 760 --> 740 nm uphill two-color experiment yielded a PB/SE component with 4-6 ps risetime. Broadband absorption difference spectra of chlorosomes excited at 720 nm (in the blue edge of the 746 nm BChl c Q(y) band) exhibit approximate to 15 nm red-shifting of the PB/SE peak wavelength during the first several hundred fs. Analogous spectra excited at 760 nm (at the red edge) show little dynamic spectral shifting. Our results suggest that inhomogeneous broadening and spectral equilibration play a larger role in the early BChl c antenna kinetics in chlorosomes from C. tepidum than in those from C. aurantiacus, a system studied previously. As in C. aurantiacus, the initial one-color anisotropies r(0) for most BChl c wavelengths are close to 0.4. The corresponding residual anisotropies r(infinity) are typically 0.19-0.25, which is much lower than found in C. aurantiacus (greater than or equal to 0.35); the transition moment organization is appreciably less collinear in the BChl c antenna of C. tepidum. However, the final one-color anisotropies at 789 and 801 nm are approximate to 0 and 0.09 respectively, and the final anisotropy in the 780 --> 800 nm experiment is approximate to -0.1. These facts indicate that the BChl a transition moments themselves exhibit some order, and are directed at an angle > 54.7 degrees on the average from the BChl c moments. The one-color profiles exhibit coherent oscillations at most wavelengths, including 800 nm; Fourier analyses of these oscillations frequently yield components with frequencies 70-80 and 130-140 cm(-1). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR STUDY EARLY EVENTS PHOTOSYNTHESIS,TEMPE,AZ 85287. RP SAVIKHIN, S (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-FG-85ER133388] NR 34 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 194 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 258 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00019-K PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX199 UT WOS:A1995QX19900005 PM 11540594 ER PT J AU BITTNER, T WIEDERRECHT, GP IRRGANG, KD RENGER, G WASIELEWSKI, MR AF BITTNER, T WIEDERRECHT, GP IRRGANG, KD RENGER, G WASIELEWSKI, MR TI FEMTOSECOND TRANSIENT ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY ON THE LIGHT-HARVESTING CHL A/B PROTEIN COMPLEX OF PHOTOSYSTEM-II AT ROOM-TEMPERATURE AND 12 K SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LHC-II; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ANTENNA; MEMBRANES; CHLOROSOMES; SPINACH; STATE AB The kinetics of excitation energy transfer processes within the light-harvesting Chi a/b protein complex of Photosystem II (LHC II) from spinach was investigated using femtosecond transient absorption difference spectroscopy at room temperature and 12 K. Upon excitation of Chi b with 640 nm pulses of 120 fs duration, time-resolved absorption changes were measured at different wavelengths within the Q(y)(0-0) transition band of Chi a. At room temperature the transient spectra showed a single negative band which is due to photobleaching and/or stimulated emission (PB/SE). The peak position of this band was found to be time independent (greater than or equal to 400 fs) at about 680 nm. In contrast, at 12 K the maximum of the PB/SE band shifted from 676 nm at 400 fs to about 680 nm at later times (greater than or equal to 100 ps). The absorption difference spectra at 12 K showed a bipolarity at times greater than or equal to 7.7 ps, where excited state absorption and PB/SE predominate at shorter and longer wavelengths, respectively. The dynamic spectral evolution processes at 12 K could be rationalized in terms of excitation energy transfer between excitonically coupled antenna pigments in isolated LHC II complexes. Based on a global analysis of the flash induced absorption changes at 12 K several components have been obtained with lifetimes in the subpicosecond and picosecond time domain. The results of these fits are discussed with respect to the observed time dependent spectral changes. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. TECH UNIV BERLIN,MAX VOLMER INST,D-10623 BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 29 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 194 IS 2-3 BP 311 EP 322 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00045-P PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX199 UT WOS:A1995QX19900011 ER PT J AU CHANG, HC SMALL, GJ JANKOWIAK, R AF CHANG, HC SMALL, GJ JANKOWIAK, R TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT HOLE-BURNING OF THE 684 NM CHLOROPHYLL-A OF THE ISOLATED REACTION-CENTER OF PHOTOSYSTEM-II - CONFIRMATION OF THE LINKER MODEL SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCITED-STATE STRUCTURE; REACTION CENTER COMPLEX; CHARGE SEPARATION RATE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; TRANSFER DYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; TRANSIENT; SPECTRA; ENERGY AB Currently the nature of the additional chlorophyll a (Chl a) molecules which take the number of Chl a per isolated D1-DZ(cyt) b(559) complex beyond the value of four for the bacterial reaction center is a subject of much importance and interest. Chang et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 98 (1994) 7725], who studied preparations of this complex with significantly different Chl a contents, concluded that the 684 nm absorbing Chl a contribute to the additional Chl a and proposed that they are of the linker type, serving to shuttle energy from the proximal antenna complex to the reaction center. Implicit in this model is that the 684 nm Chl a communicate with the primary electron donor Chi a (P680) via energy transfer and that the resulting detrapping of the Q(y)-state of the 684 nm Chl a should depend strongly on temperature. Temperature dependent transient hole spectra are presented that are in complete accord with this prediction. Theoretical calculations on the kinetics and temperature dependence of the hole profile of the 680 nm absorption band are presented and provide convincing support for the linker model. The data are argued to be inconsistent with other models. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 194 IS 2-3 BP 323 EP 333 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00076-Z PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX199 UT WOS:A1995QX19900012 ER PT J AU DEROSE, VJ LATIMER, MJ ZIMMERMANN, JL MUKERJI, I YACHANDRA, VK SAUER, K KLEIN, MP AF DEROSE, VJ LATIMER, MJ ZIMMERMANN, JL MUKERJI, I YACHANDRA, VK SAUER, K KLEIN, MP TI FLUORIDE SUBSTITUTION IN THE MN CLUSTER FROM PHOTOSYSTEM-II - EPR AND X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY STUDIES SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RES; PHOTOSYNTHETIC OXYGEN EVOLUTION; EVOLVING COMPLEX; WATER OXIDATION; O-2-EVOLVING COMPLEX; O2-EVOLVING COMPLEX; MANGANESE CLUSTER; ACCEPTOR COMPLEX; S3 STATE; CHLORIDE AB X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Mn K-edge X-ray fluorescence absorption were used to study the effects of fluoride inhibition on the Mn complex in Photosystem II. The tetrameric Mn complex, responsible for the light-induced oxidation of H2O to form molecular oxygen, is influenced by treatments in which the naturally occurring chloride salts are removed or replaced. Inhibition of the complex by fluoride is examined by parallel enzyme activity and EPR studies. It is found that, as a function of increasing fluoride concentration, the declining enzymatic activity is paralleled initially by an exchange of the S = 1/2 'multiline' EPR signal for the S > 1/2, 'g = 4' EPR signal in illuminated samples. High concentrations of fluoride induce a broad (approximate to 200 G), featureless radical signal in samples which have not been illuminated; subsequent illumination of these samples also generates the g = 4 EPR signal. X-ray absorption studies (XAS) of fluoride-inhibited samples show subtle alterations of the conformation of the Mn complex that are consistent with the presence of two dissimilar pairs of Mn atoms. The halide studies are discussed in terms of structural models for the Mn complex. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 56 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 194 IS 2-3 BP 443 EP 459 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00043-N PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX199 UT WOS:A1995QX19900023 ER PT J AU MCMASTER, MC HSU, WL COLTRIN, ME DANDY, DS FOX, C AF MCMASTER, MC HSU, WL COLTRIN, ME DANDY, DS FOX, C TI DEPENDENCE OF THE GAS-COMPOSITION IN A MICROWAVE PLASMA-ASSISTED DIAMOND CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION REACTOR ON THE INLET CARBON SOURCE - CH4 VERSUS C2H2 SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE DEPOSITION MECHANISM; GAS PHASE CHEMISTRY; GAS PHASE DIAGNOSTICS; MICROWAVE PLASMA CVD ID GROWTH; ACETYLENE; KINETICS; HYDROGEN; METHANE; FILMS; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMISTRY; EMISSION; METHYL AB Molecular beam mass spectrometry was used to measure the gas-phase composition near a growing diamond surface in a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition reactor. The dependencies of the gas composition on changes in: (1) the carbon mole fraction in the reactor feed, X(C); (2) the identity of the inlet carbon source (CH4 versus C2H2); and (3) the surface temperature, T-S, were studied. Unlike the hot-filament case, the gas composition was independent of the identity of the inlet hydrocarbon source over the entire range of X(C). As expected from gas-composition measurements, films grown using either hydrocarbon exhibited similar growth rates, morphology and Raman spectra, The gas composition was also generally insensitive to changes in surface temperature suggesting that reported temperature sensitivities of film growth properties are primarily due to changes in the kinetics of surface processes rather than changes in the gas composition near the surface. For X(C) less than or equal to 0.01, the gas compositions measured in this study and in our previous studies conducted in a hot filament-assisted chemical vapor deposition reactor are quantitatively similar implying similar gas-phase chemistry in both reactors when sufficient atomic hydrogen is present. However, attempts to simulate the gas composition in the plasma environment using a numerical model based only on neutral-neutral gas-phase chemistry were generally unsuccessful over a wide range of X(C). C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305. RI Dandy, David/G-6984-2012 OI Dandy, David/0000-0003-3254-0717 NR 43 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 4 IS 7 BP 1000 EP 1008 DI 10.1016/0925-9635(95)00270-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QY367 UT WOS:A1995QY36700021 ER PT J AU BEADLE, ER AF BEADLE, ER TI A UNIFYING OVERVIEW OF APPLIED TRANSFORM THEORY SO ELECTRONIC DESIGN LA English DT Article RP BEADLE, ER (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT AGS,BLDG 911B,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENTON PUBL INC PI CLEVELAND PA 1100 SUPERIOR AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44114 SN 0013-4872 J9 ELECTRON DES JI Electron. Des. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 43 IS 10 BP 107 EP & PG 0 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QY641 UT WOS:A1995QY64100013 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, CM CRAWFORD, GK GOSLING, JT KOJIMA, H PHILLIPS, JL MATSUMOTO, H BALOGH, A FRANK, LA KOKUBUN, S YAMAMOTO, T AF HAMMOND, CM CRAWFORD, GK GOSLING, JT KOJIMA, H PHILLIPS, JL MATSUMOTO, H BALOGH, A FRANK, LA KOKUBUN, S YAMAMOTO, T TI LATITUDINAL STRUCTURE OF A CORONAL MASS EJECTION INFERRED FROM ULYSSES AND GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND AB We present the first observations of a CME by two spacecraft separated substantially in heliographic latitude. Ulysses and Geotail both see similar features in the plasma and magnetic field parameters during an interval in which Geotail is located in the deep magnetosheath (>150 R(E)) and Ulysses is located in the solar wind at 5 AU, similar to 20 degrees S of Geotail, and similar to 51 degrees W (in the direction of solar rotation) of Geotail. Based on the similarity in plasma and magnetic field parameters and similar inferred ejection times from the Sun for both features we argue that the same CME is observed by both spacecraft. The portion of the CME observed by Ulysses is traveling much faster than the portion observed by Geotail. Thus the CME has significant latitudinal structure since at any given time the high latitude portion of the CME extends much further out in radial distance. Furthermore, this implies that a simple calculation of the arrival time of a CME at the Earth may not be done if the observing spacecraft is located substantially away from the ecliptic plane. C1 KYOTO UNIV, RASC, KYOTO, JAPAN. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, IOWA CITY, IA USA. NAGOYA UNIV, STEL, TOYOKAWA, JAPAN. ISAS, SAGAMIHARA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1169 EP 1172 DI 10.1029/95GL01016 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QZ219 UT WOS:A1995QZ21900003 ER PT J AU INTRILIGATOR, DS SISCOE, GL WIBBERENZ, G KUNOW, H GOSLING, JT AF INTRILIGATOR, DS SISCOE, GL WIBBERENZ, G KUNOW, H GOSLING, JT TI STREAM INTERFACES AND ENERGETIC IONS .2. ULYSSES TEST OF PIONEER RESULTS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COROTATING INTERACTION REGIONS; ACCELERATION; EVOLUTION; PLANE AB Ulysses measurements of energetic and solar wind particles taken near 5 AU between 20 and 30 degrees south latitude during a well-developed recurring corotating interaction region (CIR) show that the CIR's corotating energetic ion population (CEIP) associated with the trailing reverse shock starts within the CIR at the stream interface. This is consistent with an earlier result obtained by Pioneers 10 and 11 in the ecliptic plane between 4 and 6 AU. The Ulysses/Pioneer finding ns noteworthy since the stream interface is not magnetically connected to the reverse shock, but lies 12-17 corotation hours from it. Thus, the finding seems to be inconsistent with the basic model that generates CEIP particles at the reverse shock and propagates them along field lines. Eliminating the inconsistency probably entails an extension of the standard model such as cross-field diffusion or a non-shock energization process operating near the stream interface closer to the sun. C1 CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,INST KERNPHYS,KIEL,GERMANY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. BOSTON UNIV,CTR SPACE PHYS,BOSTON,MA. RP INTRILIGATOR, DS (reprint author), CARMEL RES CTR,SPACE PLASMA LAB,POB 1732,SANTA MONICA,CA 90406, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1173 EP 1176 DI 10.1029/95GL00951 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QZ219 UT WOS:A1995QZ21900004 ER PT J AU LOCKWOOD, M COWLEY, SWH SMITH, MF RIJNBEEK, RP ELPHIC, RC AF LOCKWOOD, M COWLEY, SWH SMITH, MF RIJNBEEK, RP ELPHIC, RC TI THE CONTRIBUTION OF FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS TO CONVECTION SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOPAUSE; RECONNECTION; IONOSPHERE AB It is shown from flux transfer event (FTE) occurrence statistics, observed as a function of MLT by the ISEE satellites, that recent 2-dimensional analytic theories of the effects of pulsed Petschek reconnection predict FTEs to contribute between 50 and 200 kV to the total reconnection voltage when the magnetosheath field points southward. The upper limit (200 kV) allows the possibility that FTEs provide all the antisunward transport of open field lines into the tail lobe. This range is compared with the voltages associated with series of FTEs signatures, as inferred from ground-based observations, which are in the range 10-60 kV. We conclude that the contribution could sometimes be made by a series of single, large events; however, the voltage is often likely to be contributed by several FTEs at different MLT. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON,ENGLAND. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,EXTRATERR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV SUSSEX,CTR SPACE SCI,FALMER,E SUSSEX,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP LOCKWOOD, M (reprint author), RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172 NR 18 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1185 EP 1188 DI 10.1029/95GL01008 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QZ219 UT WOS:A1995QZ21900007 ER PT J AU MAHAN, GD AF MAHAN, GD TI FRIEDEL SUM-RULE ON A LATTICE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION; ALLOYS AB The Friedel Sum Rule is derived for electrons whose motion through the lattice is described by the tight-binding model. The Friedel Sum Rule is a statement of charge neutrality: the screening charge around an impurity cancels the charge from the impurity itself The answer is given in closed form for a complex of n-impurities. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT APPL PHYS,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. GOTHENBURG UNIV,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. RP MAHAN, GD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1313 EP 1325 DI 10.1142/S0217979295000550 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RH711 UT WOS:A1995RH71100002 ER PT J AU MAHAN, GD AF MAHAN, GD TI FRIEDEL OSCILLATIONS ON A SQUARE LATTICE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION; ALLOYS AB An impurity in a conductor will cause oscillations in the charge density near the impurity. We calculate these Friedel Oscillations for impurities on a square lattice while using the tight-binding model. Far from the impurity the oscillations are described by a set of phase shifts. These are the same phase shifts which enter the Friedel Sum Rule. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT APPL PHYS,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. UNIV GOTHENBURG,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. RP MAHAN, GD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1327 EP 1341 DI 10.1142/S0217979295000562 PG 15 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RH711 UT WOS:A1995RH71100003 ER PT J AU COHEN, L SAROJA, KR HENDRICKSON, FR LENNOX, AJ HATCHER, MA KROC, TK AF COHEN, L SAROJA, KR HENDRICKSON, FR LENNOX, AJ HATCHER, MA KROC, TK TI NEUTRON-IRRADIATION OF HUMAN PELVIC TISSUES YIELDS A STEEP DOSE-RESPONSE FUNCTION FOR LATE SEQUELAE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NEUTRON THERAPY; CARCINOMA OF PROSTATE; HIGH-LET COMPLICATIONS; COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION ID BEAM THERAPY; COMPLICATION RATES; TUMOR; CARCINOMA; HEAD; NECK AB Purpose: Analysis of the dose-response function in normal tissues following pelvic irradiation for carcinoma of the prostate, Methods and Materials: A homogeneous group of 136 patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate were treated with the Fermilab high-energy neutron beam at three dose levels: 19, 20.4, and 21 Gy, using the same treatment plan and fractionation scheme for all patients. Results: Tumor control rates were about 83% at the three dose levels studied, However, the normal tissue complication rate (late sequelae) varied with dose: 0 out of 5 at 19 Gy, 5 out of 58 (8.6%) at 20.4 Gy, and 9 out of 73 (12.3%) at 21 Gy, Conclusions: Neutron therapy to the pelvis reveals a steep dose-response function for late effects with a coefficient of variation of only 11%. This is lower than that usually observed with photons or with less uniform clinical data sets, and may be characteristic for well-planned high-LET radiotherapy. C1 RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60612. RP COHEN, L (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,MIDWEST INST NEUTRON THERAPY,MS-301,POB 5004,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA18081] NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 32 IS 2 BP 367 EP 372 DI 10.1016/0360-3016(94)00491-3 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RA038 UT WOS:A1995RA03800010 PM 7751178 ER PT J AU GRANNAN, SM YOUNG, BA LANGE, AE LABOV, S SADOULET, B EMES, J HALLER, EE AF GRANNAN, SM YOUNG, BA LANGE, AE LABOV, S SADOULET, B EMES, J HALLER, EE TI COLLECTION OF ATHERMAL PHONONS INTO DOPED GE THERMISTORS USING QUASI-PARTICLE TRAPPING SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,EXPTL ASTROPHYS LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GRANNAN, SM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 4887 EP 4891 DI 10.1063/1.359292 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900002 ER PT J AU BIENIOSEK, FM CARTIER, SL AF BIENIOSEK, FM CARTIER, SL TI MEASUREMENTS OF REDUCED-DENSITY AIR CHANNELS PRODUCED BY A DOUBLE-PULSED ELECTRON-BEAM SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 SPARTA SYST INC,DIV ADV SYST,PHILIPS LABS,EDWARDS AFB,CA 93524. RP BIENIOSEK, FM (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 4979 EP 4983 DI 10.1063/1.359306 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900017 ER PT J AU GENIN, FY AF GENIN, FY TI EFFECT OF STRESS ON GRAIN-BOUNDARY MOTION IN THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE FREE-ENERGY; ALUMINUM FILMS; HILLOCK FORMATION; ALLOY FILMS; GROWTH; RELAXATION; TEMPERATURE; ORIENTATION; MIGRATION; KINETICS RP GENIN, FY (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 50 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 5130 EP 5137 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900038 ER PT J AU PEDRAZA, AJ DESILVA, MJ KUMAR, RA LOWNDES, DH AF PEDRAZA, AJ DESILVA, MJ KUMAR, RA LOWNDES, DH TI THE ADHESION OF METALLIC-FILMS TO LASER-IRRADIATED ALUMINA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PEDRAZA, AJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 5176 EP 5179 DI 10.1063/1.359264 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900046 ER PT J AU SCHOENBACH, KH JOSHI, RP PETERKIN, F DRUCE, RL AF SCHOENBACH, KH JOSHI, RP PETERKIN, F DRUCE, RL TI SUPRALINEAR PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF COPPER-DOPED SEMIINSULATING GALLIUM-ARSENIDE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAAS C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SCHOENBACH, KH (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,PHYS ELECTR RES INST,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 5208 EP 5214 DI 10.1063/1.359269 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900052 ER PT J AU YUAN, SL YANG, ZJ KADOWAKI, K AF YUAN, SL YANG, ZJ KADOWAKI, K TI PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL FOR THE C-AXIS RESISTIVE DISSIPATION IN LA2-XSRXCUO4 AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE, MAGNETIC-FIELD, AND ITS ORIENTATION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; SCALING APPROACH C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA LABS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP YUAN, SL (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST PLASMA PHYS,HIGH FIELD MAGNET LAB,POB 1126,HEFEI 230031,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 5278 EP 5281 DI 10.1063/1.359280 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900063 ER PT J AU ETTEDGUI, E PARK, KT CAO, JM GAO, Y RUCKMAN, MW AF ETTEDGUI, E PARK, KT CAO, JM GAO, Y RUCKMAN, MW TI PHOTON-ASSISTED OXIDATION OF THE GAAS(100) SURFACE USING WATER AT 90 K SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLEAVED GAAS(110); PHOTOEMISSION; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; OXYGEN; RESOLUTION C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ETTEDGUI, E (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627, USA. RI Gao, Yongli/N-8392-2015 OI Gao, Yongli/0000-0001-9765-5246 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 10 BP 5411 EP 5417 DI 10.1063/1.359232 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QY839 UT WOS:A1995QY83900083 ER PT J AU PARKS, EK ZHU, L HO, J RILEY, SJ AF PARKS, EK ZHU, L HO, J RILEY, SJ TI THE STRUCTURE OF SMALL NICKEL CLUSTERS .2. NI-16-NI-28 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COBALT; IRON; NIN RP PARKS, EK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 101 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 19 BP 7377 EP 7389 DI 10.1063/1.469050 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX773 UT WOS:A1995QX77300011 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, WH MILLER, WH AF THOMPSON, WH MILLER, WH TI ON THE DIRECT CALCULATION OF THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; FLUX CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; ARRANGEMENT DECOUPLING POTENTIALS; CUMULATIVE REACTION PROBABILITY; DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; IMAGINARY ABSORBING POTENTIALS; BIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; EIGENVALUE PROBLEM C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP THOMPSON, WH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Thompson, Ward/0000-0002-3636-6448 NR 59 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 19 BP 7409 EP 7417 DI 10.1063/1.469053 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX773 UT WOS:A1995QX77300014 ER PT J AU GU, JP BUENKER, RJ HIRSCH, G KIMURA, M AF GU, JP BUENKER, RJ HIRSCH, G KIMURA, M TI POTENTIAL CURVES AND NONADIABATIC MATRIX-ELEMENTS FOR COLLISIONS INVOLVING FRAGMENTS OF THE HEN+ MOLECULAR ION SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; CI CALCULATIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; THEORETICAL TREATMENT; ENERGY EXTRAPOLATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PREDISSOCIATION; STATES; HEH; WAVEFUNCTIONS C1 BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH THEORET CHEM 9,D-42097 WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 19 BP 7540 EP 7548 DI 10.1063/1.469085 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX773 UT WOS:A1995QX77300028 ER PT J AU JIANG, SY PITZER, KS AF JIANG, SY PITZER, KS TI THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MIXTURES OF DIPOLAR AND QUADRUPOLAR HARD-SPHERES - THEORY AND SIMULATION SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIA; PERTURBATION-THEORY; MONTE-CARLO; FLUID MIXTURES; POLAR C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 19 BP 7632 EP 7640 DI 10.1063/1.469014 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX773 UT WOS:A1995QX77300038 ER PT J AU SKYLLINGSTAD, ED DENBO, DW AF SKYLLINGSTAD, ED DENBO, DW TI AN OCEAN LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS AND CONVECTION IN THE SURFACE MIXED-LAYER SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; LABORATORY MODEL; LATE WINTER; SENSITIVITY; DISSIPATION; INSTABILITY; TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS; WAVES; FLOW AB Numerical experiments were performed using a three-dimensional large-eddy simulation model of the ocean surface mixed layer that includes the Craik-Leibovich vortex force [Craik 1977; Leibovich 1977] to parameterize the interaction of surface waves with mean currents. Results from the experiments show that the vortex force generates Langmuir circulations that can dominate vertical mixing. The simulated vertical velocity fields show linear, small-scale, coherent structures near the surface that extend downwind across the model domain. In the interior of the mixed layer, scales of motion increase to eddy sizes that are roughly equivalent to the mixed-layer depth. Cases with the vortex force have stronger circulations near the surface in contrast to cases with only heat flux and wind stress, particularly when the heat flux is positive. Calculations of the velocity variance and turbulence dissipation rates for cases with and without the vortex force, surface cooling, and wind stress indicate that wave-current interactions are a dominant mixing process in the upper mixed layer. Heat flux calculations show that the entrainment rate at the mixed-layer base can be up to two times greater when the vortex force is included. In a case with reduced wind stress, turbulence dissipation rates remained high near the surface because of the vortex force interaction with preexisting inertial currents. In deep mixed layers (similar to 250 m) the simulations show that Langmuir circulations can vertically transport water 145 m during conditions of surface heating. Observations of turbulence dissipation rates and the vertical temperature structure support the model results. RP SKYLLINGSTAD, ED (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, 1529 W SEQUIM BAY RD, SEQUIM, WA 98382 USA. NR 42 TC 168 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 100 IS C5 BP 8501 EP 8522 DI 10.1029/94JC03202 PG 22 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA QY345 UT WOS:A1995QY34500001 ER PT J AU VAIDYA, RU ZUREK, AK AF VAIDYA, RU ZUREK, AK TI DYNAMIC-MECHANICAL RESPONSE OF AN SICP/AL-LI (8090) COMPOSITE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MATRIX COMPOSITES AB The dynamic mechanical response of an Al-Li alloy (8090) and SiC particle-reinforced 8090 composite was studied. The strain-hardening behaviour of the alloy was found to change significantly with increasing strain rate. Increasing the strain rate from 10(-3) s(-1) to 6500 s(-1) doubled the strain-hardening coefficient of the alloy. The presence of the particles in the matrix did not affect the strain-hardening coefficient of the alloy. This was attributed to the relatively weak bonding between the particles and the matrix. An orientation effect was observed in the composite samples as a result of the preferential orientation of the reinforcing particles during the extrusion process. The thermal expansion behaviour of the composite samples was found to agree well with Kerner's model, and provided further evidence of the weak interfacial bonding. RP VAIDYA, RU (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 10 BP 2541 EP 2548 DI 10.1007/BF00362131 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA958 UT WOS:A1995RA95800011 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, RM LAIRD, G HAWK, JA AF ANDERSON, RM LAIRD, G HAWK, JA TI EFFECT OF SPECIMEN THICKNESS ON THE IMPACT RESISTANCE OF ALUMINA SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMPACT; DAMAGE; INDENTATION; CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; CRACK AB During the course of an ongoing study into the impact and erosion properties of alumina by the US Bureau of Mines, it was discovered that specimen thickness had a significant effect upon certain fractographic observations. To quantify this effect, impact studies were carried out on 1.9, 3.1 and 10.0 mm thick Al2O3 (alumina) discs. These discs were impacted at velocities from 15 to 65 m s(-1) using 1.69 mm-diameter WC-Co spheres. In conjunction with this experimental approach, finite element models of the impact couples were constructed for the 1.9 and 10.0 mm-thick alumina discs. An elastic/plastic analysis was performed of the impact event in each case. Experimental and numerical results indicate that the length, depth and geometry of radial cracks are strongly dependent upon specimen thickness. RP ANDERSON, RM (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,1450 QUEEN AVE SW,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 10 BP 2571 EP 2576 DI 10.1007/BF00362136 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA958 UT WOS:A1995RA95800016 ER PT J AU BAKER, GD BLACK, SJ BRIDGE, A BULTMAN, NK DAEMEN, LL HUTSON, RL KERNODLE, AK PITCHER, EJ RUSSELL, GJ AF BAKER, GD BLACK, SJ BRIDGE, A BULTMAN, NK DAEMEN, LL HUTSON, RL KERNODLE, AK PITCHER, EJ RUSSELL, GJ TI THERMAL-HYDRAULIC STUDY OF THE NEUTRON-PRODUCTION TARGET AT THE LOS-ALAMOS-NEUTRON-SCATTERING-CENTER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center (LANSCE) operates a pulsed neutron source for materials science research. The neutrons are produced by bombarding a tungsten target with the 800 MeV proton beam from the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF). In an attempt to clarify the thermal hydraulics of the neutron production target, we performed a sequence of experiments aimed at determining temperature distributions in the target, as well as various heat transfer parameters. The results of these measurements were compared, and shown to agree, with radiation transport and heat transfer calculations. The information obtained from these tests was then used to determine other target properties, such as thermal stress, that are very difficult to measure directly. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3 BP 451 EP 462 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01735-2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RB709 UT WOS:A1995RB70900002 ER PT J AU LIU, JC MAO, S NELSON, WR KASE, KR IPE, NE AF LIU, JC MAO, S NELSON, WR KASE, KR IPE, NE TI CALCULATIONS OF THE RADIATION-DOSES TO THE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT AND MAGNET COIL INSULATION IN THE PEP-II TUNNEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The PEP-II collaboration is a new physics project at SLAC that utilizes an existing tunnel to house two accelerator storage rings; a low-energy positron ring (4 GeV, called the LER) atop a high-energy electron ring (10 GeV, called the HER). Both rings are being designed to permit a high circulating current of 3 A, corresponding to a beam particle number of 1.38 X 10(14). Dose calculations were made to estimate the potential for radiation damages to the electronics and magnet coil insulation in the are section of the tunnel. An analytical code, SHIELD11, was used to calculate the dose from photon and neutron radiations resulting from beam losses in various modes of operation. Several EGS4 Monte Carlo user codes were developed to calculate the dose from the synchrotron radiation escaping the vacuum chamber in stored beam mode. Two different LER vacuum chamber designs were studied: a 0.35-cm-thick copper wall chamber and a 1-cm-thick aluminum wall chamber with a copper absorber 6 m downstream of every dipole to absorb the synchrotron radiation in a local spot. The HER has a 0.5-cm-thick copper vacuum chamber. Shielding from the 5.4-m-long, C-shaped iron bending magnet for the HER was considered for the beam radiation, while no other structural shielding was assumed for the LER. Furthermore, the dose from all radiations scattering back from the tunnel concrete wall were also estimated using the albedo method or the MORSE code. The results of the dose estimations are presented. RP LIU, JC (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,MS 48,POB 4349,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3 BP 463 EP 473 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01739-5 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RB709 UT WOS:A1995RB70900003 ER PT J AU LU, MS TEICHMANN, T AF LU, MS TEICHMANN, T TI NEUTRON COINCIDENCE MEASUREMENTS WHEN NUCLEAR PARAMETERS VARY DURING THE MULTIPLICATION PROCESS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Letter C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV SAFEGUARDS SAFETY & NONPROLIFERAT,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3 BP 632 EP 633 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00079-8 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RB709 UT WOS:A1995RB70900029 ER PT J AU DELGUERRA, A NELSON, WR RUSSO, P AF DELGUERRA, A NELSON, WR RUSSO, P TI A SIMPLE METHOD TO INTRODUCE K-EDGE SAMPLING FOR COMPOUNDS IN THE CODE EGS4 FOR X-RAY ELEMENT ANALYSIS (VOL 306, PG 378, 1991) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 UNIV NAPLES FEDERICO II,DIPARTIMENTO SCI FIS,I-80125 NAPLES,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ NAPOLI,I-80125 NAPLES,ITALY. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3 BP 637 EP 637 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00120-4 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RB709 UT WOS:A1995RB70900031 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, EM HAWKINS, RJ DERI, RJ AF WRIGHT, EM HAWKINS, RJ DERI, RJ TI COUPLED-MODE THEORY OF VERTICALLY INTEGRATED IMPEDANCE-MATCHED WAVE-GUIDE PHOTODETECTORS SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE PHOTODIODES; ANGLE BEAM PROPAGATION; MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION; PIN PHOTODIODE; EPITAXY; INP AB Using coupled-mode theory, a simple model is developed which elucidates the operation of vertically integrated waveguide/photodetectors with emphasis on the underlying physical principles. The coupled-mode theory results are shown to agree well with numerical simulations using the finite difference beam propagation method. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP WRIGHT, EM (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Wright, Ewan/A-2358-2009 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(95)00105-H PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA QZ356 UT WOS:A1995QZ35600030 ER PT J AU SMITH, RE HOUDEWALTER, SN AF SMITH, RE HOUDEWALTER, SN TI FAILURE OF THE LEAKY-MODE REPRESENTATION NEAR THE WAVE-GUIDE MODE CUTOFF SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Improper eigenmodes of the planar waveguide dispersion relation, or leaky modes, are often used to represent the nonbound optical field in planar waveguides. Here we show that the improper leaky solutions give an inadequate description of the nonbound field for the important case of a waveguide just below cutoff. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,INST OPT,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP SMITH, RE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MAIL STOP 0603,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 10 BP 1133 EP 1135 DI 10.1364/OL.20.001133 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA QX467 UT WOS:A1995QX46700018 PM 19859449 ER PT J AU DITMIRE, T NGUYEN, H PERRY, MD AF DITMIRE, T NGUYEN, H PERRY, MD TI AMPLIFICATION OF FEMTOSECOND PULSES TO 1-J IN CR-LISRALF6 SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER SYSTEM AB We have developed a large-aperture, flash-lamp-pumped Cr:LiSrAlF6 (Cr:LiSAF) amplifier for use in a femtosecond chirped-pulse amplifier system. Optimum design of the 19-mm-diameter amplifier results in a single-pass gain of 5 with good beam quality. This amplifier produces 1.05-J pulses after compression, with a width of 125 fs at a repetition rate of 0.05 Hz. RP DITMIRE, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAM,POB 808,L-443,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 10 BP 1142 EP 1144 DI 10.1364/OL.20.001142 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA QX467 UT WOS:A1995QX46700021 PM 19859452 ER PT J AU BERMAN, GP BULGAKOV, EN HOLM, DD AF BERMAN, GP BULGAKOV, EN HOLM, DD TI CROSSOVER-BEHAVIOR IN QUANTUM NONLINEAR RESONANCE IN A HYDROGEN-ATOM SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES AB We consider the slow dynamics of a Rydberg electron in a hydrogen atom driven by a resonant microwave field. Two crossovers in this system are discussed as the amplitude epsilon of the external field increases. The first one creates isolated quantum nonlinear resonance (QNR) [sce G.P. Berman and G.M. Zaslavsky, Phys. Lett. A 61 (1977) 295]. The second crossover occurs when the QNRs overlap and a transition to chaos takes place. We analyze numerically the dependence delta n(epsilon) in the regions of these two crossovers, where delta n is the characteristic number of unperturbed levels (or quasienergies) trapped in the potential well of the QNR, and discuss the possibility of observing these crossover effects experimentally. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. KRASNOYARSK TECH UNIV,RES & EDUC CTR NONLINEAR PROC,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. KRASNOYARSK STATE UNIV,DEPT THEORET,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. RP BERMAN, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,MS-B258,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 55 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00247-N PG 4 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200005 ER PT J AU COOPER, F DAWSON, J HABIB, S KLUGER, Y MEREDITH, D SHEPARD, H AF COOPER, F DAWSON, J HABIB, S KLUGER, Y MEREDITH, D SHEPARD, H TI SEMIQUANTUM CHAOS AND THE LARGE-N EXPANSION SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID FINITE-TEMPERATURE; FIELD-THEORY; REAL-TIME; QUANTUM; SYSTEMS; DENSITY AB We consider the dynamical system consisting of a quantum degree of freedom A interacting with N quantum oscillators described by the Lagrangian L = 1/2 A(2) + Sigma(i=1)(N) {1/2x(i)(2) - 1/2(m(2)+e(2)A(2))x(i)(2)}. In the limit N --> infinity , with e(2)N fixed, the quantum fluctuations in A are of order l/N. In this limit, the x oscillators behave as harmonic oscillators with a time dependent mass determined by the solution of a semiclassical equation for the expectation value (A(t)). This system can be described, when [x(t)] = 0, by a classical Hamiltonian for the variables G(t) = (x(2)(t)), G(t), A(c)(t) = (A(t)), and A(c)(t). The dynamics of this latter system turns out to be chaotic. We propose to study the nature of this large N limit by considering both the exact quantum system as well as by studying an expansion in powers of l/N for the equations of motion using the closed time path formalism of quantum dynamics. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT PHYS,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP COOPER, F (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 74 EP 97 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00251-K PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200008 ER PT J AU DAVIDS, PS LERNER, PB AF DAVIDS, PS LERNER, PB TI CAVITY QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS IN A CARBON NANOTUBE SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID FULLERENE TUBULES; MICROTUBULES AB An excited atom placed inside a metallic carbon nanotube cannot radiate if the frequency of its emission is below the cutoff frequency for electromagnetic wave propagation in the cavity. However, we demonstrate that it can be de-excited through the emission of surface plasmons on the nanotube. The observable effect will be a substantial enhancement in the lifetime of dipole-allowed transitions. The lifetimes of excited states of Helium (2p --> 1s) in the carbon nanocavities are calculated for this nonradiative decay mechanism and the radial dependence of the lifetimes discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DAVIDS, PS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Davids, Paul/D-1550-2010; OI Lerner , Peter/0000-0002-3086-0170 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00258-R PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200012 ER PT J AU MAINIERI, R AF MAINIERI, R TI CYCLE EXPANSIONS WITH PRUNED ORBITS HAVE BRANCH-POINTS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; STRANGE SETS; SPECTRA AB Cycle expansions are an efficient scheme for computing the properties of chaotic systems, When enumerating the orbits for a cycle expansion not all orbits that one would expect at first are present - some are pruned. This pruning leads to convergence difficulties when computing properties of chaotic systems. In numerical schemes. I show that pruning reduces the number of reliable eigenvalues when diagonalizing quantum mechanical operators, and that pruning slows down the convergence rate of cycle expansion calculations. I then exactly solve a diffusion model that displays chaos and show that its cycle expansion develops a branch point. RP MAINIERI, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMPLEX SYST GRP,MS B213,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 206 EP 215 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00263-P PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200016 ER PT J AU MARTIN, T AF MARTIN, T TI WENTZEL-BARDEEN SINGULARITY IN COUPLED LUTTINGER LIQUIDS - TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; QUANTUM HALL STATES; ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTION; METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; PERSISTENT CURRENTS; 1 DIMENSION; FERMI GAS; CONDUCTORS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM AB The recent progress on 1D interacting electrons systems and their applications to study the transport properties of quasi one-dimensional wires is reviewed. We focus on strongly correlated electrons coupled to low energy acoustic phonons in one dimension. The exponents of various response functions are calculated, and their striking sensitivity to the Wentzel-Bardeen singularity is discussed. For the Hubbard model coupled to phonons the equivalent of a phase diagram is established. By increasing the filling factor towards half filling the WB singularity is approached. This in turn suppresses antiferromagnetic fluctuations and drives the system towards the superconducting regime, via a new intermediate (metallic) phase. The implications of this phenomenon on the transport properties of an ideal wire as well as the properties of a wire with weak or strong scattering are analyzed in a perturbative renormalization group calculation, This allows to recover the three regimes predicted from the divergence criteria of the response functions. C1 INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP MARTIN, T (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CNLS,DIV THEORET,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 216 EP 228 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00262-O PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200017 ER PT J AU SOBEHART, JR REYNA, LG AF SOBEHART, JR REYNA, LG TI A STOCHASTIC APPROACH TO 2-LEVEL ION DYNAMICS DRIVEN BY LIGHT-BEAMS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID MULTISTATE ATOMS; MOTION; PARTICLE; EQUATIONS; TRAPS AB The probability distribution of a two-level ion confined in a harmonic trap and perturbed by the absorption and emission of photons is calculated. The ion is assumed to be excited by a light beam and relaxes back either by induced emissions or irreversible spontaneous emissions. The photon-ion interaction is modeled as a perturbing noise acting on the ion by modifying its energy and momentum. The current calculations reproduce the quantum results of the laser cooling of ions in static traps in the heavy particle limit. C1 IBM CORP,DIV RES,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP SOBEHART, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES MSB258,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 243 EP 256 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00265-R PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200019 ER PT J AU TRUGMAN, SA AF TRUGMAN, SA TI COMPLEX SCATTERING DYNAMICS AND THE QUANTUM HALL-EFFECT SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID 2 DIMENSIONS; CONDUCTIVITY; PERCOLATION; RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; REGIME; FIELD AB We review both classical and quantum potential scattering in two dimensions in a magnetic field, with applications to the quantum Hall effect. Classical scattering is complex, due to the approach of scattering states to an infinite number of dynamically bound states. Quantum scattering follows the classical behavior rather closely, exhibiting sharp resonances in place of the classical bound states. Extended scatterers provide a quantitative explanation for the breakdown of the QHE at a comparatively small Hall voltage as seen by Kawaji et al., and possibly for noise effects. RP TRUGMAN, SA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET MSB262,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 271 EP 279 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00268-U PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200021 ER PT J AU WAN, Y PHILLIPS, P LI, QM AF WAN, Y PHILLIPS, P LI, QM TI THE ROLE OF SPIN-EXCHANGE ON TRANSPORT IN QUANTUM DOTS SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID CONDUCTANCE OSCILLATIONS; ANDERSON MODEL; ELECTRON; DENSITY; FIELD AB We analyze here a model for single-electron charging in semiconductor quantum dots that includes the standard Anderson on-site repulsion (U) as well as the spin-exchange (J(d)) that is inherently present among the electrons occupying the various quantum levels of the dot. A Schrieffer-Wolff-type transformation is developed to analyze this model. We show explicitly that for ferromagnetic coupling (J(d) > O), an s-d exchange for an S = l Kondo problem is recovered. In contrast, for the antiferromagnetic case, J(d) < O, we find that the Kondo effect is present only if there are an odd number of electrons on the dot. Spin-exchange is then shown to produce a second period in the conductance that is consistent with experimental measurements. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP WAN, Y (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,LOOMIS LAB PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 280 EP 285 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00264-Q PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200022 ER PT J AU WANG, L ZHANG, JK BISHOP, AR AF WANG, L ZHANG, JK BISHOP, AR TI CONDUCTANCE OF ELECTRON-TUNNELING THROUGH A QUANTUM-DOT SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID OSCILLATIONS; DENSITY; GAS; TRANSPORT; SYSTEM; GAAS AB A resonant tunneling mechanism of electron tunneling through a quantum dot is proposed. It is found that the conductance shows (1) an approximate periodic oscillation structure for a large occupation number of electrons in the dot and (2) a ''shell'' structure for a small occupation number, A pair structure reflected by the even- and odd-occupation number is revealed in peak heights and line widths as well as separations between adjacent peaks of the oscillations. These predictions are in excellent agreement with experimental measurements. C1 OHIO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701. RP WANG, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 286 EP 289 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00270-Z PG 4 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200023 ER PT J AU ZUREK, WH PAZ, JP AF ZUREK, WH PAZ, JP TI QUANTUM CHAOS - A DECOHERENT DEFINITION SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems CY MAY 16-20, 1994 CL LOS ALAMOS, NM SP CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES ID BROWNIAN-MOTION; WAVE PACKET; GENERAL ENVIRONMENT; DISSIPATION; SYSTEMS; STOCHASTICITY; REDUCTION; STATES AB We show that the rate of increase of Von Neumann entropy computed from the reduced density matrix of an open quantum system is an excellent indicator of the dynamical behavior of its classical Hamiltonian counterpart. In decohering quantum analogs of systems which exhibit classical Hamiltonian chaos entropy production rate quickly tends to a constant which is given by the sum of the positive Lyapunov exponents, and falls off only as the system approaches equilibrium, By contrast, integrable systems tend to have an entropy production rate which decreases as t(-1) well before equilibrium is attained. Thus, behavior of quantum systems in contact with the environment can be used as a test to determine the nature of their Hamiltonian evolution. C1 UNIV BUENOS AIRES,FAC CIENCIAS EXACTAS & NAT,DEPT FIS,RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. RP ZUREK, WH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 34 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 300 EP 308 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00271-Q PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RA412 UT WOS:A1995RA41200025 ER PT J AU BISHOP, A ECKE, R MAINIERI, R AF BISHOP, A ECKE, R MAINIERI, R TI QUANTUM COMPLEXITY IN MESOSCOPIC SYSTEMS - SPECIAL ISSUE ORIGINATING FROM THE 14TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE OF THE CENTER FOR NONLINEAR STUDIES LOS-ALAMOS, NM, USA, 16-20 MAY 1994 - PREFACE SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Editorial Material RP BISHOP, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. 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PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 20 BP 3983 EP 3986 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3983 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QY119 UT WOS:A1995QY11900020 ER PT J AU DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CAUBLE, R CELLIERS, P CIARLO, D LIBBY, S LONDON, RA MATTHEWS, D MROWKA, S MORENO, JC RESS, D TREBES, JE WAN, AS WEBER, F AF DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CAUBLE, R CELLIERS, P CIARLO, D LIBBY, S LONDON, RA MATTHEWS, D MROWKA, S MORENO, JC RESS, D TREBES, JE WAN, AS WEBER, F TI ELECTRON-DENSITY MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH-DENSITY PLASMAS USING SOFT-X-RAY LASER INTERFEROMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPACITY RP DASILVA, LB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 212 Z9 218 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 20 BP 3991 EP 3994 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3991 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QY119 UT WOS:A1995QY11900022 ER PT J AU CHEN, K KAPLAN, T MOSTOLLER, M AF CHEN, K KAPLAN, T MOSTOLLER, M TI MELTING IN 2-DIMENSIONAL LENNARD-JONES SYSTEMS - OBSERVATION OF A METASTABLE HEXATIC PHASE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY THEORY; 2 DIMENSIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; TRANSITIONS; ORDER; FLUCTUATIONS; CRYSTALS; SHAPE C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 31 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 20 BP 4019 EP 4022 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4019 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QY119 UT WOS:A1995QY11900029 ER PT J AU AMUSIA, MY MIKHAILOV, AI AF AMUSIA, MY MIKHAILOV, AI TI DOUBLE-ELECTRON IONIZATION IN COMPTON-SCATTERING OF HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS BY HELIUM-ATOMS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TO-SINGLE PHOTOIONIZATION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; IMPACT; RATIO AB The cross section of double-electron ionization of two-electron atoms and ions in Compton scattering of high energy photons is calculated. It is demonstrated that its dependence on incoming photon frequency is the same as that for the single-electron ionization. The ratio of 'double-to-single' ionization in Compton scattering proved to be energy independent and almost coincides with the corresponding value for photoionization. For the He atom it is 1.68%. This surprising result deserves experimental verification. C1 AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST,ST PETERSBURG 194021,RUSSIA. ST PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST,GATCHINA 188350,RUSSIA. RP AMUSIA, MY (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Amusia, Miron/K-7726-2014 NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1723 EP 1734 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/28/9/011 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QZ441 UT WOS:A1995QZ44100011 ER PT J AU YOO, RK RUSCIC, B BERKOWITZ, J AF YOO, RK RUSCIC, B BERKOWITZ, J TI PHOTOIONIZATION OF ATOMIC BISMUTH SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RYDBERG SERIES; BI-I; PHOTOIONISATION; EXCITATION; SPECTRUM; REGION AB The vacuum ultraviolet photoionization spectrum of atomic bismuth, covering the region from ionization threshold to 740 Angstrom, is reported. Comparison with prior photographic absorption studies from threshold to similar to 1320 Angstrom (encompassing the P-3(0)-P-3(2) energies of Bi+) indicates saturation of intense autoionization features in the densitometer traces. Although fluorescence has been observed corresponding to many of these peaks, their widths imply that autoionization is dominant. Consequently, estimates of the oscillator strengths can be made from the photoionization spectrum. The peak widths and profiles differ from those in arsenic and antimony, probably due to significant departure from LS coupling. New series are observed, involving excitation of the inner valence 6s orbital, and converging to Bi+, S-5(2). They are interpreted with the aid of relativistic ab initio calculations. RP YOO, RK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Ruscic, Branko/A-8716-2008 OI Ruscic, Branko/0000-0002-4372-6990 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1743 EP 1759 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/28/9/013 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QZ441 UT WOS:A1995QZ44100013 ER PT J AU HAGER, PW COLLART, FR HUBERMAN, E MITCHELL, BS AF HAGER, PW COLLART, FR HUBERMAN, E MITCHELL, BS TI RECOMBINANT HUMAN INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-I AND TYPE-II PROTEINS - PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INHIBITOR BINDING SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ENZYME; KINETICS; INHIBITION; MIZORIBINE ID HUMAN NORMAL LYMPHOCYTES; HUMAN IMP DEHYDROGENASE; 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; 2-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TISSUE PROTEINS; CELL FRACTIONS; TRANSPLANTATION; ELECTROPHORESIS; CYCLOSPORINE AB Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) activity results from the expression of two separate genes, and the resulting proteins (type I and type II) are 84% identical at the amino acid level. Although the type II mRNA is expressed at higher levels in proliferating cells, both mRNAs, and by extrapolation both proteins, are present in normal and malignant cells. Since IMPDH is an important target for the development of drugs with both chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive activity, we have compared the kinetic and physical properties of the two human enzymes expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. Type I and II IMPDH had k(cat) values of 1.8 and 1.4 sec(-1) respectively, with K-m values for IMP of 14 and 9 mu M and K-m values for NAD of 42 and 32 mu M. The two enzymes were inhibited competitively by the immunosuppressive agent mizoribine 5'-monophosphate (MMP) with K-i Values of 8 and 4 nM and inhibited uncompetitively by mycophenolic acid with K-i values of 11 and 6 nM. The association of MMP to either isozyme, as monitored by fluorescence quenching, was relatively slow with k(on) values of 3-8 x 10(4) M(-1) sec(-1) and k(off) values of 3 x 10(-4) sec(-1) (half-lives of 36-43 min). Thus, MMP is a potent, tight-binding competitive inhibitor that does not discriminate between the two IMPDH isozymes. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT PHARMACOL, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT INTERNAL MED, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA34085] NR 39 TC 94 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0006-2952 EI 1873-2968 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1323 EP 1329 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(95)00026-V PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QZ298 UT WOS:A1995QZ29800018 PM 7763314 ER PT J AU BEADLE, E AF BEADLE, E TI ALGORITHM CONVERTS RANDOM-VARIABLES TO NORMAL SO EDN LA English DT Note RP BEADLE, E (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS-DENVER PUBLISHING CO PI HIGHLANDS RANCH PA 8773 S RIDGELINE BLVD, HIGHLANDS RANCH, CO 80126-2329 SN 0012-7515 J9 EDN JI EDN PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 40 IS 10 BP 130 EP 130 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QX293 UT WOS:A1995QX29300035 ER PT J AU FITZ, DJ KLEM, JF HAFICH, MJ HOWARD, AJ AF FITZ, DJ KLEM, JF HAFICH, MJ HOWARD, AJ TI BROAD-BAND LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES FROM PSEUDO-ALLOY QUANTUM-WELLS SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE LIGHT EMITTING DIODES; SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES AB Broadband light emitting diodes with output over the entire 1.4- 1.9 mu m wavelength range are demonstrated. These devices employ digital pseudo-alloys, comprising InGaAs/InGaAlAs short-period superlattices, to construct quantum wells, quantum barriers and separate confinement layers with different bandgaps and strain. RP FITZ, DJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTS PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTS, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 31 IS 10 BP 829 EP 830 DI 10.1049/el:19950555 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RA565 UT WOS:A1995RA56500044 ER PT J AU PEARTON, SJ ABERNATHY, CR VARTULI, CB MACKENZIE, JD SHUL, RJ WILSON, RG ZAVADA, JM AF PEARTON, SJ ABERNATHY, CR VARTULI, CB MACKENZIE, JD SHUL, RJ WILSON, RG ZAVADA, JM TI HYDROGEN INCORPORATION IN GAN, ALN, AND INN DURING CL-2/CH4/H-2/AR ECR PLASMA-ETCHING SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE REACTIVE ION ETCHING; PASSIVATION AB Hydrogen concentrations up to similar to 10(20)cm(-3) in GaN and AIN and similar to 10(19)cm(-3) in InN are found to be incorporated during ECR plasma etching in Cl-2/CH4/H2Ar at 170 degrees C. Even very short duration (40s) etch treatments produce hydrogen incorporation depths greater than or equal to 0.2 mu m ahead of the etch front, and may lead to electrical passivation effects within this region. Post-etch annealing at 450-500 degrees C restores the initial conductivity. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP PEARTON, SJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTS PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTS, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 31 IS 10 BP 836 EP 837 DI 10.1049/el:19950558 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RA565 UT WOS:A1995RA56500049 ER PT J AU KIM, WH REINOT, T HAYES, JM SMALL, GJ AF KIM, WH REINOT, T HAYES, JM SMALL, GJ TI HYPERQUENCHED GLASSY FILMS OF WATER - A STUDY BY HOLE-BURNING SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS SOLID WATER; DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; DISPERSIVE KINETICS; POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL; INFRARED-SPECTRA; ORGANIC GLASSES; CRESYL VIOLET; LIQUID WATER AB The results of infrared absorption (-OH) experiments and nonphotochemical hale-burning experiments of aluminum-phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonate (ATP) in hyperquenched glassy films of water (HGW) are reported. Films were produced by deposition of Liquid water clusters (similar to 2 mu m), generated by a thermal spray nozzle source, onto either a sapphire or polycrystalline copper cryoplate. Deposition temperatures (T-D) in the similar to 5-150 K range were employed. T-D = 5 K films were annealed at various temperatures (T-A) up to 140 K. For each value of T-A, the infrared and hole-burning properties (zero-phonon hole width and hole growth kinetics) of the film (annealed) are identical to those of unannealed HGW formed at T-D = T-A. Thus, HGW formed at a deposition temperature of T-D' is kinetically accessible, by annealing of HGW formed at temperatures T-D < T-D'. Dramatic irreversible manifestations of configurational relaxation in HGW are observed to onset at T-A (T-D) similar to 90 K. This configurational relaxation progresses smoothly with temperature up to 150 K (highest T-D and T-A used). Zero-phonon hole widths were usually determined for a burning and reading temperature of 5 K. Hole growth kinetics were always monitored at a burning temperature of 5 K. It was found, for example, that HGW annealed or deposited at 140 K yields a zero-phonon hole width of 180 MHz, a factor of 3 times narrower than the hole of HGW formed at T-D = 5 K. Decrease of the hole width with annealing onsets at T-A similar to 90 K. Both unannealed and annealed films yielded a T-1.3 power law for the dependence of the hole width on the burning temperature (less than or similar to 10 K), proving that pure dephasing/spectral diffusion is governed by the electron-TLS(int) (intrinsic two-level systems) interaction. An interpretation of the aforementioned configuration relaxation, onsetting at similar to 90 K, in terms of the TLS(int), model is given. ATP in HGW turns out to be the most efficient system for nonphotochemical hole burning yet discovered, with an average quantum yield as high as 0.18. (The S-1 lifetime of ATP is 4.8 ns.) Remarkably, the hole burning is essentially inoperative in cubic ice formed by warming of HGW. However, this cessation is consistent with the current mechanism for nonphotochemical hole burning. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 63 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 19 BP 7300 EP 7310 DI 10.1021/j100019a013 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QY252 UT WOS:A1995QY25200014 ER PT J AU GUO, YL SMITH, SC MOORE, CB MELIUS, CF AF GUO, YL SMITH, SC MOORE, CB MELIUS, CF TI KINETICS AND PRODUCT BRANCHING RATIOS FOR THE REACTION HCO+NO2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; TRANSITION-STATES; FORMYL RADICALS; NITRIC-OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; ACETALDEHYDE; PHOTOLYSIS; OXYGEN; NO2; TEMPERATURES AB The kinetics and product branching of the HCO + NO2 reaction have been studied at room temperature using laser flash kinetic spectroscopy and modeled with microcanonical variational RRKM theory. The rate constant for the disappearance of HCO radical at 296 K is (5.7 +/- 0.9) x 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), and it is independent of the pressure of SF6 buffer gas up to 700 Torr. The CO2 yield is 52 +/- 14%. Less than 10% of the reaction goes through the most exothermic product channel, HNO + CO2. The least exothermic product channel, H + CO2 + NO, is responsible for the remaining CO2. HONO has been observed, though not quantitatively, as a reaction product corresponding to the HONO + CO product channel. It must account for the 48 +/- 14% of reaction which does not yield CO2. The rates of formation of the collision complexes HCO(ONO) and HCO(NO2) are calculated by variational RRKM theory to be comparable and only weakly temperature dependent. Branching ratios for the decomposition of these complexes are also calculated. They are found to match most experimental observations from 300 to 1600 K. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR COMPUTAT ENGN,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP GUO, YL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Smith, Sean/H-5003-2015 OI Smith, Sean/0000-0002-5679-8205 NR 59 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 19 BP 7473 EP 7481 DI 10.1021/j100019a033 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QY252 UT WOS:A1995QY25200034 ER PT J AU SCHATZ, GC AF SCHATZ, GC TI INFLUENCE OF ATOMIC FINE-STRUCTURE ON BIMOLECULAR RATE CONSTANTS - THE CL(P-2)+HCL REACTION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; ELECTRONIC-TRANSITIONS; QUANTUM; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; STATES; CL+HCL; ABINITIO; F(P-2) AB In this paper we use quantum reactive scattering calculations to study the influence of atomic fine structure on the rate constants for atom-diatom reactions, using the Cl(P-2) + HCl reaction as an example. To do this, we calculate rate constants using two different methods, first a conventional single surface reactive scattering method based on propagating coupled channel equations using hyperspherical coordinates, and second a multiple surface method in which the electronic fine structure of the Cl is explicitly included in the calculation. In this second calculation, the Hamiltonian combines the nonrelativistic potential surfaces for the (2) Sigma and (2) Pi states of ClHCl with a spin-orbit Hamiltonian in which the spin-orbit parameter is taken to be a constant and with Coriolis-induced electronic and rotational couplings. Rate constants are evaluated using the J-shifting approximation, using J = 1/2 calculations as the reference. We find that the biggest effect of the fine structure is a static one which arises because the spin-orbit term in the Hamiltonian stabilizes the reagents and products differently than the (2) Sigma(1/2) Saddle point. This causes the activation energy to increase by about 29% of the atomic P-2(1/2) - P-2(3/2) energy difference. When this effect is factored out, the single and multiple surface rate constants are found to be in very good agreement (provided that the usual electronic statistical factors are applied to the single surface rate constant), with differences of less than 20% over the temperature range that we considered. We also study how the size of the spin-orbit constant influences this result, and we find that the overall rate is relatively insensitive to spin-orbit splitting (except for the shift in activation energy). Fine structure resolved rate constants for Cl(P-2(1/2)) are found to vary by many orders of magnitude as the spin-orbit. splitting is varied between zero and the experimental value, corresponding to a change in the dynamics from statistical to adiabatic limits. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,THEORET CHEM GRP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP SCHATZ, GC (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,2145 SHERIDAN RD,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 36 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 19 BP 7522 EP 7529 DI 10.1021/j100019a038 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QY252 UT WOS:A1995QY25200039 ER PT J AU FAGERQUIST, CK SENSHARMA, DK ELSAYED, MA RUBIO, A COHEN, ML AF FAGERQUIST, CK SENSHARMA, DK ELSAYED, MA RUBIO, A COHEN, ML TI ENHANCEMENT OF METALLIC SILVER MONOMER EVAPORATION BY THE ADHESION OF POLAR-MOLECULES TO SILVER NANOCLUSTER IONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC SHELL STRUCTURE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; JELLIUM-MODEL CALCULATION; MASS DISTRIBUTIONS; GOLD CLUSTERS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; POTASSIUM CLUSTERS; BACKGROUND MODEL; SODIUM CLUSTERS; DIMER DECAYS AB We have compared the metallic evaporation channels from metastable [Ag-X=5,Ag-7,Ag-11(AgI)(Y=1-4)](+) clusters in the first field free region of a double focusing mass spectrometer with that of the corresponding pure metallic clusters, [Ag-X=5,Ag-7,Ag-11](+). It is found that the presence of the polar AgI molecules increases the rate of silver monomer evaporation relative to that of silver dimer evaporation. Using thermodynamic expressions for the heat of evaporation of the different evaporation processes and assuming the absence of reverse activation energies, an expression for the difference between the activation energy of silver monomer and dimer evaporation is derived. It is shown that dipole/induced-dipole forces resulting from the presence of AgI polar molecules lead to an enhancement of silver monomer evaporation if the polarizability of the pure metallic cluster ions increases with the number of Jellium electrons. Our theoretical calculations of the static polarizabilities of [Ag-x](+), using time dependent density functional theory within the local density approximation, shows a smooth increase in the polarizabilities with the number of the Jellium electrons in these clusters. Finally, we observe that the enhancement of Ag monomer evaporation per AgI needed is smaller for clusters with an even number of AgI molecules than with an odd number of them. This was proposed to result from the contribution of configurations with dipole ''pairing'' of the AgI molecules in clusters with an even number of AgI molecules, Dipole pairing would decrease the average dipole/induced-dipole interaction between the AgI molecules and the metallic part of these ''mixed'' clusters. C1 UNIV VALLADOLID, DEPT FIS TEOR, E-47011 VALLADOLID, SPAIN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Rubio, Angel/A-5507-2008 OI Rubio, Angel/0000-0003-2060-3151 NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 19 BP 7723 EP 7730 DI 10.1021/j100019a061 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QY252 UT WOS:A1995QY25200062 ER PT J AU MICIC, OI SPRAGUE, JR CURTIS, CJ JONES, KM MACHOL, JL NOZIK, AJ GIESSEN, H FLUEGEL, B MOHS, G PEYGHAMBARIAN, N AF MICIC, OI SPRAGUE, JR CURTIS, CJ JONES, KM MACHOL, JL NOZIK, AJ GIESSEN, H FLUEGEL, B MOHS, G PEYGHAMBARIAN, N TI SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INP, GAP, AND GAINP2 QUANTUM DOTS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID V SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; INDIUM-PHOSPHIDE; ORDERED GAINP2; GAAS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOCRYSTALLITES; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS AB Quantum dots (QDs) of InP, GaP, and GaInP2 with diameters ranging from 20 to 65 Angstrom were synthesized as well-crystallized nanoparticles with bulk zinc blende structure. The synthesis of InP, GaP, and GaInP2 QDs was achieved by heating appropriate organometallic precursors with stabilizers in high boiling solvents for several days to produce QDs which can be dissolved in nonpolar organic solvents, forming transparent colloidal QD dispersions. The high sample quality of the InP and GaP QDs results in excitonic features in the absorption spectra. Ternary QDs of GaInP2 were synthesized with a well-crystallized zinc blende structure and lattice spacing between InP and GaP. The QDs were characterized by TEM, powder x-ray diffraction, steady state optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, transient photoluminescence spectroscopy, and fs to ps pump-probe absorption (i.e., hole-burning) spectroscopy. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP MICIC, OI (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Machol, Janet/D-5896-2016 OI Machol, Janet/0000-0002-0344-0314 NR 35 TC 225 Z9 228 U1 4 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 19 BP 7754 EP 7759 DI 10.1021/j100019a063 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QY252 UT WOS:A1995QY25200064 ER PT J AU SPIELMANN, HP FAGAN, PA BREGANT, TM LITTLE, RD WEMMER, DE AF SPIELMANN, HP FAGAN, PA BREGANT, TM LITTLE, RD WEMMER, DE TI THE BINDING MODES OF A RATIONALLY DESIGNED PHOTOACTIVATED DNA NUCLEASE DETERMINED BY NMR SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION; MINOR-GROOVE BINDING; DISTAMYCIN-A; N-BROMOACETYLDISTAMYCIN; B-DNA; CLEAVAGE; COMPLEX; NETROPSIN; NEOCARZINOSTATIN; LEXITROPSINS AB The complex between the rationally designed synthetic DNA cleaving agent netropsin-diazene and the double-stranded DNA oligomer 5'-CGCAAAAGGC-3'. 5'-GCCTTTTGCG-3' was characterized by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy in solution. Photolysis of netropsin-diazene bound to DNA generates a trimethylenemethane diradical intermediate that induces single-strand breaks in the DNA. The pi-diyl trimethylenemethane based compounds are a new class of DNA nucleases. We tested the following design criteria: (i) binding of the diazene and subsequent reactive diyl to the DNA, (ii) sequence selectivity in the ligand binding and (iii) prevention of diyl dimerization. Sixteen NOE derived ligand-DNA distance restraints were used to obtain the energy minimized model of the complex. The ligand is bound to the minor groove of the oligomer with the diazene at the 5' end of the A-tract in the predominant conformation of the complex. This form of the complex exchanges with a minor conformation in which the ligand is in the opposite orientation. The DNA maintains a B-form structure. Netropsin-diazene has fulfilled all of the design criteria, binding to the DNA duplex studied in the minor groove of the central AAAA tract in a 1:1 mode, preventing diyl dimerization and other side reactions from occurring. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV STRUCT BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA58323]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-14966, GM-43219] NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1576 EP 1583 DI 10.1093/nar/23.9.1576 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QZ477 UT WOS:A1995QZ47700020 PM 7784213 ER PT J AU SORAMEL, F KHOO, TL BENET, P BEARD, KB JANSSENS, RVF AHMAD, I BEARDEN, I CARPENTER, MP DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW FORNAL, B GARG, U GRABOWSKI, Z LAURITSEN, T LIANG, Y MAYER, R MOORE, EF REVIOL, W YE, D AF SORAMEL, F KHOO, TL BENET, P BEARD, KB JANSSENS, RVF AHMAD, I BEARDEN, I CARPENTER, MP DALY, PJ DRIGERT, MW FORNAL, B GARG, U GRABOWSKI, Z LAURITSEN, T LIANG, Y MAYER, R MOORE, EF REVIOL, W YE, D TI SEARCH FOR ENTRANCE CHANNEL DEPENDENCE IN THE POPULATION OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN HG-191 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB Measurements have been made of the population intensities of superdeformed (SD) bands and of the average entry points and spin distributions of normal and SD states in Hg-191 from the (S-36,5n) and (Ni-64,3n) reactions. The entry points and spin distributions for Hg-191 are the same and so are the SD intensities in the two reactions, Hence, no entrance channel effect is observed in the population of the SD bands in Hg-191, in contrast with data for SD bands in the mass 150 region. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RI Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 11 PY 1995 VL 350 IS 2 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00342-I PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QZ794 UT WOS:A1995QZ79400008 ER PT J AU SWEENEY, DW SOMMARGREN, GE AF SWEENEY, DW SOMMARGREN, GE TI HARMONIC DIFFRACTIVE LENSES SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Optical-Society-of-America 2nd Topical Meeting on Diffractive Optics CY JUN 06-09, 1994 CL ROCHESTER, NY SP OPT SOC AMER ID OPTICAL ELEMENTS AB The harmonic diffractive lens is a diffractive imaging lens for which the optical path-length transition between adjacent facets is an integer multiple m of the design wavelength lambda(0). The total lens thickness in air is m lambda(0)/(n - 1), which is m times thicker than the so-called module 2 pi diffractive lens. Lenses constructed in this way have hybrid properties of both refractive and diffractive lenses. Such a lens will have a diffraction-limited, common focus for a number of discrete wavelengths across the visible spectrum. A 34.75-diopter, 6-mm-diameter lens is diamond turned in aluminum and replicated in optical materials. The sag of the lens is 23 mu m. Modulation transfer function measurements in both monochromatic and white light verify the performance of the lens. The lens approaches the diffraction limit for 10 discrete wavelengths across the visible spectrum. RP SWEENEY, DW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 94 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 14 BP 2469 EP 2475 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA QX402 UT WOS:A1995QX40200011 PM 21052382 ER PT J AU BROWN, OR SMYKRANDALL, E DRACZYNSKALUSIAK, B FEE, JA AF BROWN, OR SMYKRANDALL, E DRACZYNSKALUSIAK, B FEE, JA TI DIHYDROXY-ACID DEHYDRATASE, A [4FE-4S] CLUSTER-CONTAINING ENZYME IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI - EFFECTS OF INTRACELLULAR SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ON ITS INACTIVATION BY OXIDANT STRESS SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE OXIDANT STRESS; DIHYDROXY-ACID DEHYDRATASE; [4FE-4S] CLUSTER ENZYME; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; ENZYME INACTIVATION; ESCHERICHIA COLI ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER; FE-S CLUSTER; OXYGEN-TOXICITY; BIOSYNTHESIS; INHIBITION; PROTEIN; SITE; STRINGENCY; HYPEROXIA; GROWTH AB Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (DHAD) has a [4Fe-4S] cluster and is reported to be facilely inactivated by oxidant stress, To directly assess the biological effects in vivo of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the oxidant sensitivity of DHAD, we used an Escherichia coli K-12 parent strain (CGSC5073) and derived strains OB 1, OB 2, and OB 3 that lacked one of or both FeSOD and MnSOD, In the K-12 parent strain half the cellular DHAD activity was lost in 15 min at 0.8 atm oxygen, less than 10 mu M aerobic nitrofurantoin, or about 5 mu M aerobic paraquat (PQ) and in about 1 min at 10 mu M aerobic PQ, Oxygen and metabolism were required for PQ to inactivate DHAD in cells; adding dithiothreitol to cell-free extracts did not restore DHAD activity, The K-m was not appreciably changed for DHAD that was 50 and 70% inactivated in cells, respectively, by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and PQ, compared to cells in exponential, aerobic growth, Thus, active site oxidative impairment of individual enzyme molecules apparently was all-or-none, DHAD activity was greatly decreased when measured in extracts made from strains that lacked both SODs unless SOD was added to cell suspensions before extracts were made, DHAD was more sensitive in strains lacking both SODs than in the parent strain to inactivation by aerobic PQ and HBO, Anaerobic (compared to aerobic) growth increased DHAD specific activity by 20% or less in the parent strain and in strains OB 1 and OB 2 (lacking MnSOD and FeSOD, respectively); however, in strain OB 3 (lacking both SODs) DHAD was increased 60%, DHAD was partially inactivated by the oxidant stress of aerobic growth, but remained in a form detectable by DHAD antibody, and the ratio of active to inactive DHAD decreased greatly in cells lacking SOD, Thus, SOD helped maintain DHAD as an active holoenzyme and benefitted cells growing aerobically or when exposed to low levels of PQ. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP BROWN, OR (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI, JOHN M DALTON CARDIOVASC RES CTR, COLUMBIA, MO 65211 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01-ESO-2566]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM35189] NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 EI 1096-0384 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 319 IS 1 BP 10 EP 22 DI 10.1006/abbi.1995.1262 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA QY750 UT WOS:A1995QY75000002 PM 7771772 ER PT J AU OLIVE, KA ROOD, RT SCHRAMM, DN TRURAN, J VANGIONIFLAM, E AF OLIVE, KA ROOD, RT SCHRAMM, DN TRURAN, J VANGIONIFLAM, E TI WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH HE-3 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXY, EVOLUTION; ISM, ABUNDANCES; NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES ID INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; BRANCH; MODELS; END AB We consider the galactic evolutionary history of He-3 in models which deplete deuterium by as much as a factor of 2 to similar to 15 from its primordial value to its present-day observed value in the interstellar medium (ISM). We show that when 3He production in low-mass stars (1-3 M(.)) is included over the history of the galaxy, He-3 is greatly overproduced and exceeds the inferred solar values and the abundances determined in galactic H II regions. Furthermore, the ISM abundances show a disturbing dispersion which is difficult to understand from the point of view of standard chemical evolution models. In principle, resolution of the problem may lie in either (1) the calculated He-3 production in low-mass stars; (2) the observations of the He-3 abundance; or (3) an observational bias toward regions of depleted He-3. Since He-3 observations in planetary nebula support the calculated He-3 production in low-mass stars, option (1) is unlikely. We will argue for option (3) since the He-3 interstellar observations are indeed made in regions dominated by massive stars in which He-3 is destroyed. In conclusion, we note that the problem with He-3 seems to be galactic and not cosmological. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT ASTRON,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. INST ASTROPHYS,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP OLIVE, KA (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 48 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 2 BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.1086/175640 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV701 UT WOS:A1995QV70100017 ER PT J AU KETO, ER WELCH, WJ REID, MJ HO, PTP AF KETO, ER WELCH, WJ REID, MJ HO, PTP TI LINE BROADENING IN THE W3(OH) CHAMPAGNE FLOW SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II REGIONS; ISM, INDIVIDUAL (W3); ISM, JETS AND OUTFLOWS; RADIO LINES, ISM; STARS, FORMATION ID H-II REGIONS; RADIATION-DRIVEN IMPLOSION; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; OB CLUSTERS; RECOMBINATION; OH; RESOLUTION; EXPANSION; HYDROGEN; MASERS AB High angular resolution H92 alpha recombination-line and 18 cm continuum observations of the ultracompact H II region W3(OH) indicate a supersonic champagne flow: a 12 km s(-1) gradient in the recombination-line velocities across the H II region measures the acceleration of the ionized gas, while low-level continuum emission traces the extent of the outflow to the northeast away from the compact core. The previously observed progressive blueshifting of lower frequency recombination lines may be due to variations in electron impact line broadening in the champagne flow. This systematic shifting of the recombination-line velocities can occur because the line broadening is coupled to the gas density through electron collisions while the gas velocity is also coupled to the density through mass flux conservation. Interpretation of observations of H II regions within the context of the champagne flow model rather than the ionization bounded nebula model has implications for theories of the sequential formation of massive stars in clusters and the dynamical evolution of molecular gas around newly formed stars. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP KETO, ER (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808 L-59,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 2 BP 765 EP 769 DI 10.1086/175649 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV701 UT WOS:A1995QV70100026 ER PT J AU SKINNER, CJ SYLVESTER, RJ GRAHAM, JR BARLOW, MJ MEIXNER, M KETO, E ARENS, JF JERNIGAN, JG AF SKINNER, CJ SYLVESTER, RJ GRAHAM, JR BARLOW, MJ MEIXNER, M KETO, E ARENS, JF JERNIGAN, JG TI THE DUST DISK AROUND THE VEGA-EXCESS STAR SAO-26804 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ACCRETION, ACCRETION DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER; DUST, EXTINCTION; INFRARED, STARS; STARS, IMAGING; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (SAO 26804) ID PICTORIS CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; BETA-PICTORIS; ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; OUTER ATMOSPHERES; COOL STARS; SILICATES; IRAS; IUE; RESOLUTION AB We present multiwaveband observations of the K2 Vega-excess star SAO 26804 (=HD 233517). These include James Clerk Maxwell Telescope millimeter-wave photometry, plus spectra in the 8-13 mu m and 18-24 mu m atmospheric windows, an image at a wavelength of 10 mu m through a broadband N filter and near-IR (JHKLL'M) photometry all taken at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope. The source is resolved at 10 mu m, and we can confirm with these observations that the IR excess seen in IRAS observations of this source is associated with the optical star. The image is consistent with the dust being confined to a disk with FWHM 1.''5 on the major axis, with an inclination angle of less than 30 degrees away from edge-on. This represents the first confirmation that the dust in a Vega-excess star other than beta Pic is confined to a disk geometry. We present models of the source which show that many of the properties of the disk and the dust in it are similar to those which we have previously derived for the disk around SAO 179815, but that there are some very small grains in the disk around the star which give rise to a very prominent and narrow silicate dust feature at 9.7 mu m and to so-called unidentified infrared bands in the 10 mu m region. The larger grains are composed of a mixture of amorphous carbon and silicate with an abundance ratio consistent with an interstellar origin. The total mass of dust in the disk is 3.0 x 10(-7) M.. Finally, our model suggests that there may be a substantial UV and/or soft X-ray flux from SAO 26804, consistent with it being a very young and rather active star. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT ASTRON, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP SKINNER, CJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, EXPTL ASTROPHYS LAB, L-413, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171 NR 47 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 2 BP 861 EP 873 DI 10.1086/175658 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV701 UT WOS:A1995QV70100035 ER PT J AU DEUTSCH, M WU, XZ SIROTA, EB SINHA, SK OCKO, BM MAGNUSSEN, OM AF DEUTSCH, M WU, XZ SIROTA, EB SINHA, SK OCKO, BM MAGNUSSEN, OM TI CRYSTALLINE BILAYERS ON THE SURFACE OF MOLTEN ALCOHOL SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; SYNCHROTRON; DIFFRACTION; MONOLAYER; DYNAMICS; FILMS AB Surface freezing is discovered in normal alcohol melts and studied using surface X-ray scattering techniques. A single crystalline bilayer is formed on the surface, at temperatures up to 1 degrees C above the bulk freezing temperature. The single bilayer persists down to bulk freezing. It is hexagonally packed, and the molecules are vertical for short chains and tilted for long ones. The two layers comprising the bilayer are shifted relatively in the next-nearest-neighbor direction. The structural details of the layer, its range of existence in temperature and chain length, its relation to Langmuir films and to the recently discovered surface crystallization in alkane melts are discussed. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP DEUTSCH, M (reprint author), BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,IL-52900 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 23 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 7 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 5 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/30/5/006 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RA379 UT WOS:A1995RA37900006 ER PT J AU VANELP, J PENG, G ZHOU, ZH ADAMS, MWW BAIDYA, N MASCHARAK, PK CRAMER, SP AF VANELP, J PENG, G ZHOU, ZH ADAMS, MWW BAIDYA, N MASCHARAK, PK CRAMER, SP TI NICKEL L-EDGE X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY OF PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS HYDROGENASE SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THIOLATE LIGANDS; COMPLEXES; LIXNI1-XO; BACTERIA; CENTERS; SPECTRA; SPIN; SITE; NIO AB We have investigated the reduced, thionine-treated at 20 degrees C, and thionine-treated at 80 degrees C forms of Pyrococcus furiosus [NiFe] hydrogenase using L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. At 20 degrees C, the Ni site is apparently not redox active, since the reduced and 20 degrees C thionine-treated forms exhibit the same spectra. Results of theoretical simulations as well as comparison with the spectra of model compounds indicate the presence of high-spin Ni(II) in these forms. On the basis of a comparison with the spectral features of model nickel complexes, the nickel site in the hydrogenase appears to be 5- or 6-coordinate. The 80 degrees C thionine-treated form has a broader Mi L-edge centered at a higher energy, consistent with a charge distribution of at feast two holes on the nickel and at least one hole significantly delocalized onto the ligand framework. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,DEPT CHEM,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2501 EP 2504 DI 10.1021/ic00114a006 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QX706 UT WOS:A1995QX70600006 ER PT J AU DEWITT, JG ROSENZWEIG, AC SALIFOGLOU, A HEDMAN, B LIPPARD, SJ HODGSON, KO AF DEWITT, JG ROSENZWEIG, AC SALIFOGLOU, A HEDMAN, B LIPPARD, SJ HODGSON, KO TI X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF THE DIIRON CENTER IN METHANE MONOOXYGENASE IN THE PRESENCE OF SUBSTRATE AND THE COUPLING PROTEIN OF THE ENZYME-SYSTEM SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOCOCCUS-CAPSULATUS-BATH; METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; HYDROXYLASE COMPONENT; MONO-OXYGENASE; FINE-STRUCTURE; ACCEPTOR REDUCTASE; II METHANOTROPH; IRON CENTER; PURIFICATION; EXAFS AB The interaction among the hydroxylase component of methane monooxygenase (MMO) from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), the coupling protein of the MMO enzyme system (component B), and substrate has been investigated by using Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies of the semimet form of the hydroxylase in the presence of the coupling protein, 1-bromo-1-propene, and both the coupling protein and 1-bromo-1-propene revealed small differences in the appearance of the EXAFS above k = 8 Angstrom(-1) as compared to the noncomplexed hydroxylase. No dramatic change in the Fe coordination was seen in fits to the data. The average first shell Fe-O/N distance for the complexed forms of the semimet hydroxylase ranged between 2.06 and 2.08 Angstrom, which is comparable to the distance found for the noncomplexed form, 2.06-2.09 Angstrom. Although the average first shell coordination was similar for all samples, a difference was seen in the distribution of long vs short distance contributions to the first shell coordination sphere for samples with component B present. This difference was accompanied by a small but consistent decrease in the Fe-Fe distance of the B-complexed hydroxylase samples, from 3.42 to 3.39 Angstrom. When only 1-bromo-1-propene was present, the distance remained unchanged. Similarly, differences were seen in the EXAFS of the reduced forms of the hydroxylase complex above k = 8.5 Angstrom(-1), but the average Fe coordination as determined by fits to the data was similar to that of the noncomplexed reduced hydroxylase. For the complexed forms of the reduced hydroxylase, an average first shell Fe-O/N distance of 2.11-2.14 Angstrom Was found, comparable to the 2.15 Angstrom distance found for the noncomplexed reduced hydroxylase, but a change in the distribution of long vs short distance contributions was again observed when component B was present. High resolution Fe K-edge edge spetra of the B-complexed samples revealed a shoulder on the rising edge of the semimet form of the hydroxylase, suggesting a change in covalency at the Fe site. Furthermore, differences in the edge spectra of the reduced forms of the hydroxylase suggested that the coupling protein and substrate influence the electronic environment of the Fe center. Together, these results show that a subtle change in the Fe environment of the hydroxylase occurs upon complex formation, resulting in a distortion in coordination, a change in the covalency of the Fe center, and/or a change in the ligation of the Fe center. Additionally, comparison of EXAFS results for a brominated model compound to that for 1-bromo-1-propene substrate complexed with hydroxylase provided no evidence that the bromine atom of bound substrate is located within about 3.5 Angstrom of an Fe atom. This result makes it unlikely that olefins form a pi complex to Fe in the MMO hydroxylase. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. MIT,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NR 62 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2505 EP 2515 DI 10.1021/ic00114a007 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QX706 UT WOS:A1995QX70600007 ER PT J AU ZHANG, X MCCARLEY, RE AF ZHANG, X MCCARLEY, RE TI HIGH-YIELD SYNTHESIS OF THE W6S8 CLUSTER UNIT AS THE PYRIDINE COMPLEX (W6S8)(PY)(6) AND ATTEMPTS TO PREPARE TUNGSTEN ANALOGS OF THE CHEVREL PHASES SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-MODEL; DERIVATIVES AB A convenient high-yield synthesis of W6Cl12 has been devised from the reaction of WCl4 with iron powder at 500 degrees C. Conversion to (W6S8)(py)(6), py = pyridine, is effected in essentially quantitative yield by reaction of W6Cl12 with NaSH and NaO-n-Bu in 1:12:6 mol ratio in refluxing pyridine (115 degrees C). Black crystals of the insoluble complex (W6S8)(py)(6) were grown from pyridine solution in a sealed tube at 200 degrees C: triclinic, P $($) over bar$$ 1; a = 9.397(2), b = 11.932(3), c = 10.624(2) Angstrom; alpha = 114.28(1), beta = 108.88(1), gamma = 91.19(2)degrees; Z = 1; R(R(w)) = 0.0267 (0.0359). The average bond distances in the cluster molecule, W-W = 2.6617(2), W-S = 2.458(3), and W-N = 2.255(5) Angstrom, are similar to those in Mo6S8(py)(6). IR spectra show strong bands at 378 cm(-1), attributable to the T-1u W-S stretching modes, and 232 cm(-1) of uncertain assignment. Several unsuccessful approaches to deligation of (W6S8)(py)(6), in efforts to prepare W6S8 and M(x)W(6)S(8) analogs of the Chevrel phases, are discussed. Sulfidation of W6Cl12 With variable ratios of NaSH and NaO-n-Bu provided evidence for materials with mixed sulfide-chloride cluster units of average composition [(W6Cl6S2)Cl-2(PY)(4)]. 5py and (W6Cl2S6)(py)(6). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 27 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2678 EP 2683 DI 10.1021/ic00114a028 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QX706 UT WOS:A1995QX70600028 ER PT J AU LUCIER, G MUNZENBERG, J CASTEEL, WJ BARTLETT, N AF LUCIER, G MUNZENBERG, J CASTEEL, WJ BARTLETT, N TI PREPARATION AND STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF AGF(+)MF(6)(-) (M=IR, RU, SB, BI) AND AG2+(BIF6-)(2) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUORIDE AB AgFMF(6) salts (M = Ir, Ru, Sb, Bi) have been prepared by the action of elemental F-2 in AHF on AgMF(6), and for AgFBiF6, also by interaction of Ag(BiF6)(2) with KBF4 or KPF6 in AHF. Three structure types have been identified. AgFlrF(6) {orthorhombic Pnma, a = 7.628(2) Angstrom, b = 7.067(2) Angstrom, c = 10.253(4) Angstrom, V = 552.7(3) Angstrom(3), and Z = 4, with R = 0.026 and R(w) = 0.030 for 531 observed reflections and 50 parameters refined by full-matrix least squares, Mo K alpha radiation at 298 K} is isostructural with AgFAsF6 and AgFAuF6, the one dimensional cation (Ag-F)(n)(n+), showing Ag(II) linearly coordinated to two F ligands with Ag-F = 1.977(9) and 2.014(9) Angstrom and Ag-F-Ag = 146.0(5)degrees. In AgFRuF6 {monoclinic P2(1)/n, a = 8.3432(13) Angstrom, b = 5.4933(8) Angstrom, c = 11.9286(22) Angstrom, beta = 108.36(1)degrees, V = 518.9(3) Angstrom(3), and Z = 4, with R = 0.027 and R(w) = 0.028 for 1511 observed reflections and 83 parameters refined by full matrix least squares, Mo K alpha radiation at 298 K} the Ag(II) is nearly square coordinated by four F; two cis F, each shared nearly equally with another Ag(II) {Ag-F = 2.007(3) and 2.018(2) Angstrom, Ag-F-Ag 155.9(2)degrees} give the cation a ribbonlike polymeric character. The other two F ligands of the square array {Ag-F = 2.140(3) and 2.158(3) Angstrom} are each associated with a different RuF6-, each of which is so linked to two Ag(II) moieties. AgFMF(6) (M = Sb, Bi) belong to a third structure type. The cation chains of the AgF(+)MF(6)(-) salts have approximate temperature independence of magnetic susceptibility, akin to that of metallic systems. In contrast, Ag(BiF6)(2) {triclinic P $($) over bar$$ 1, a = 5.218(2) Angstrom, b = 5.579(1) Angstrom, c = 8.934(2) Angstrom, alpha = 76.08(2)degrees, beta = 88.93(2)degrees, gamma = 65.08(2)degrees, V = 228.0(1) Angstrom(3) and Z = 1, with R = 0.055 and R(w) = 0.067 for 1327 observed reflections and 41 parameters refined by full-matrix least squares, Mo K alpha radiation at 298 K}, which is isostructural with Ag(SbF6)(2), shows approximate obedience to the Curie-Weiss law. AgRuF6BiF6 appears to be similar. In the structure of Ag(BiF6)(2), each Ag(II) is linked in nearly square array to four F ligands of four surrounding BiF6- ions {Ag-F = 2.096(9) Angstrom x 2 and 2.122(9) Angstrom x 2}, two other anions making contact normal to that plane, with Ag-F = 2.440(10) Angstrom. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2692 EP 2698 DI 10.1021/ic00114a030 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QX706 UT WOS:A1995QX70600030 ER PT J AU NASH, KL RAO, LF CHOPPIN, GR AF NASH, KL RAO, LF CHOPPIN, GR TI CALORIMETRIC AND LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPLEXATION GEOMETRY OF SELECTED EUROPIUM-GEM-DIPHOSPHONATE COMPLEXES IN ACIDIC SOLUTIONS SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DISSOCIATION; THERMODYNAMICS; LUMINESCENCE; STABILITY; CONSTANTS; CRYSTAL AB Details of the coordination chemistry of europium complexes with methanediphosphonic acid (MDPA), vinylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (VDPA), and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDPA) in acidic aqueous solutions have been investigated by titration calorimetry and laser-induced fluorescence. For the 1:1 complexes, thermodynamic parameters and complex hydration are consistent with those previously reported for europium complexes with the carboxylate structural analog malonate. In the 1:2 complexes, markedly different thermodynamic parameters and cation dehydration are observed. The second diphosphonate ligand adds to the 1:1 complex displacing four additional water molecules from the primary coordination sphere (as compared with two for the addition of a second malonate). This reaction is also characterized by a nearly zero entropy change. The results are rationalized using molecular mechanics to suggest an unusual geometry in which the diphosphonate ligands and bound water molecules are appreciably segregated in the europium coordination sphere. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding and second hydration sphere ordering are suggested to explain the low complexation entropies. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2753 EP 2758 DI 10.1021/ic00114a038 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QX706 UT WOS:A1995QX70600038 ER PT J AU SCHUBERT, G ANDERSON, C GOLDMAN, P AF SCHUBERT, G ANDERSON, C GOLDMAN, P TI MANTLE PLUME INTERACTION WITH AN ENDOTHERMIC PHASE-CHANGE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE SLOPES; LAYERED CONVECTION; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; EARTHS MANTLE; TRANSITIONS; INSTABILITIES; DISCONTINUITY; MODEL AB High spatial resolution numerical simulations of mantle plumes impinging from below on the endothermic phase change at 660-km depth are used to investigate the effects of latent heat release on the plume-phase change interaction. Both axisymmetric and planar upflows are considered, and the strong temperature dependence of mantle viscosity is taken into account. For plume strengths considered, a Clapeyron slope of -4 MPa K-1 prevents plume penetration of the phase change. Plumes readily penetrate the phase change for a Clapeyron slope of -2 MPa K-1 and arrive in the upper mantle considerably hotter than if they had not traversed the phase change. For the same amount of thermal drive, i.e., the same excess basal temperature, axisymmetric plumes are hotter upon reaching the upper mantle than are planar upwellings. Heating of plumes by their passage through the spinel-perovskite endothermic phase change can have important consequences for the ability of the plume to thermally thin the Lithosphere and cause melting and volcanism. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. RP SCHUBERT, G (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI, 2810 GEOL BLDG, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 100 IS B5 BP 8245 EP 8256 DI 10.1029/95JB00032 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QX769 UT WOS:A1995QX76900014 ER PT J AU SHI, DL LAHIRI, K HULL, JR LEBLANC, D LEBLANC, MAR DABKOWSKI, A CHANG, Y JIANG, Y ZHANG, Z FAN, H AF SHI, DL LAHIRI, K HULL, JR LEBLANC, D LEBLANC, MAR DABKOWSKI, A CHANG, Y JIANG, Y ZHANG, Z FAN, H TI GROWTH OF LARGE-DOMAIN YBA2CU3OX WITH NEW SEEDING CRYSTALS OF CANDALO4 AND SRLAGAO4 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID MELT-PROCESSED YBA2CU3OX; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Single crystals of CaNdAlO4 and SrLaGaO4 were used as seeds to grow large domains of YBa2Cu3Ox for levitation applications. These crystals have high melting temperatures (> 1500 degrees C) and similar lattice structures to that of YBa2Cu3Ox. In a seeded melt-texturing method developed previously, the single crystals of CaNdAlO4, SrLaGaO4, and NdBa2Cu3Ox were used as seeds for comparison. After melt processing, scanning electron microscopy analysis did not reveal any major differences in all these seeded melt-textured samples. However, the levitation forces in the samples seeded with single crystals of CaNdAlO4 and SrLaGaO4 increased considerably compared to that of the sample seeded with NdBa2Cu3Ox. A model is proposed to describe the domain growth mechanism during seeded melt processing. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV OTTAWA,DEPT PHYS,OTTAWA,ON K1N 6N5,CANADA. MCMASTER UNIV,INST MAT RES,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. CHINESE ACAD SCI,INST PHYS,BEIJING 100083,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP SHI, DL (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45211, USA. NR 25 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 246 IS 3-4 BP 253 EP 261 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00174-3 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RA410 UT WOS:A1995RA41000008 ER PT J AU KRISHNARAJ, P LELOVIC, M EROR, NG BALACHANDRAN, U AF KRISHNARAJ, P LELOVIC, M EROR, NG BALACHANDRAN, U TI OXYGEN STOICHIOMETRY, STRUCTURE AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+X SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID NONSTOICHIOMETRY; TC; LA2CUO4+DELTA; YBA2CU3O7-X; PRESSURE AB Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (2212) was synthesized from freeze-dried precursors. The oxygen content of 2212 was determined as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure by thermogravimetry. Four-probe resistivity measurements performed on 2212 confirmed the results of thermogravimetry. The influence of oxygen nonstoichimetry on the structure and T-c of 2212 was determined. It was found that 2212 without excess oxygen (x = 0) is superconducting. This points to the role of the (Bi-O)(infinity) layers as a source for holes in 2212. It was also found that samples of 2212 with the same oxygen content had different T-c's depending on thermal history. This difference in T-c is thought to arise from oxygen occupying different sites in the lattice while maintaining the same total oxygen content. The conclusions are indirectly supported by measurements of the rates of oxygen intercalation and oxygen removal in 2212. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 246 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00171-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RA410 UT WOS:A1995RA41000010 ER PT J AU JENTZ, D RIZZI, S BARBIERI, A KELLY, D VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA AF JENTZ, D RIZZI, S BARBIERI, A KELLY, D VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA TI SURFACE-STRUCTURES OF SULFUR AND CARBON OVERLAYERS ON MO(100) - A DETAILED ANALYSIS BY AUTOMATED TENSOR LEED SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ADATOMS; CARBON; CHALCOGENS; CHEMISORPTION; ELECTRON-SOLID INTERACTIONS, SCATTERING, DIFFRACTION; LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION (LEED); LOW INDEX SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACES; METALLIC SURFACES; MOLYBDENUM; SULFUR; SURFACE RELAXATION AND RECONSTRUCTION; SURFACE STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY, ROUGHNESS, AND TOPOGRAPHY ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; EXTENDED FINE-STRUCTURE; ADSORPTION; CO; REACTIVITY; COMPLEXES; MO(001); OXYGEN; FACES; AES AB Detailed surface structures have been determined for three ordered sulfur overlayers and one ordered carbon overlayer on Mo(100), by automated tenser low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The three ordered sulfur structures occur at 0.5, 0.67 and 0.75 monolayers (ML) and have c(2 X 2), c(3 root 2 X root 2)R45 degrees and c(4 X 2) periodicities with one, two and three atoms per unit cell, respectively, while the carbon structure has c(2 X 2) periodicity at 0.5 ML. In addition, a previously reported p(2 x 1) structure at high sulfur coverage is shown to actually be a poorly ordered version of the c(4 X 2) structure. In all four ordered structures the substrate is unreconstructed (unlike the clean surface) but relaxed down to its second layer, while the adatoms reside at or near fourfold hollow sites. In the c(2 X 2) structures, the smaller carbon penetrates deeper into the hollow sites than does sulfur: C approaches the second-layer Mo atoms closer than the first-layer Mo atoms, while S does the opposite. Except for the c(4 X 2) structure, the second-layer Mo atoms are pushed deeper into the substrate by adatoms directly above them. In the c(4 X 2) structure, large lateral displacements due to crowded S packing complicate this picture. In the two higher-coverage S structures, adatoms in adjacent hollow sites repel each other, forcing each other away from the hollow centers by 0.13 to 0.2 Angstrom. Comparison with results of parallel STM experiments is made. a brief discussion is also given of a very high-coverage sulfur structure interpreted as MoS2-like. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP JENTZ, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 329 IS 1-2 BP 14 EP 31 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00041-0 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX824 UT WOS:A1995QX82400009 ER PT J AU SWARTZENTRUBER, BS MATZKE, CM KENDALL, DL HOUSTON, JE AF SWARTZENTRUBER, BS MATZKE, CM KENDALL, DL HOUSTON, JE TI STM MEASUREMENTS OF STEP-FLOW KINETICS DURING ATOM REMOVAL BY LOW-ENERGY-ION BOMBARDMENT OF SI(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ION BOMBARDMENT; MODELS OF NONEQUILIBRIUM PHENOMENA; NOBLE GASES; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SILICON; SURFACE THERMODYNAMICS; VICINAL SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACES ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STRAIN MODIFICATION; SURFACES; DIFFUSION; SI(100); STRESS; LAYER; SI AB We create mobile surface vacancies on vicinal Si(001) by bombarding the surface with 300 eV Xe ions at a substrate temperature of 465 degrees C. The vacancies preferentially annihilate at the rough steps retracting them with respect to their smooth neighbors. This process leads to a bimodal terrace width distribution. The retraction of the rough steps due to the vacancy annihilation is in competition with the healing process by which the surface tries to maintain its equilibrium configuration of equally spaced steps. As the two competing processes balance, the surface reaches steady state and subsequent removal of surface atoms is manifest as simple step now. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP SWARTZENTRUBER, BS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAY 10 PY 1995 VL 329 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00042-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QX824 UT WOS:A1995QX82400015 ER PT J AU KYCIA, JH BIOU, V SHU, F GERCHMAN, SE GRAZIANO, V RAMAKRISHNAN, V AF KYCIA, JH BIOU, V SHU, F GERCHMAN, SE GRAZIANO, V RAMAKRISHNAN, V TI PROKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION-FACTOR IF3 IS AN ELONGATED PROTEIN CONSISTING OF 2 CRYSTALLIZABLE DOMAINS SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE-SCATTERING; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CROSS-LINKING; FACTOR-III; SELECTION; CALMODULIN; SUBUNITS; BINDING AB We show that translation initiation factor IF3 can be split into two fragments of nearly equal size by the Escherichia coli outer membrane protease omptin. Circular dichroism and small-angle neutron scattering show that the two fragments are structured as domains. Each domain is relatively compact, and they are separated by about 45 Angstrom in intact IF3. Thus IF3 is an elongated protein that consists of two well-separated domains. We suggest that these two domains are involved in ribosome binding across the cleft of the 30S ribosome. We also report the crystallization of each domain of IF3. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 44973] NR 26 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 9 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 18 BP 6183 EP 6187 DI 10.1021/bi00018a022 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QX567 UT WOS:A1995QX56700022 PM 7742323 ER PT J AU MAO, B COSMAN, M HINGERTY, BE BROYDE, S PATEL, DJ AF MAO, B COSMAN, M HINGERTY, BE BROYDE, S PATEL, DJ TI SOLUTION CONFORMATION OF [AF]DG OPPOSITE A -1-DELETION SITE IN A DNA DUPLEX - INTERCALATION OF THE COVALENTLY ATTACHED AMINOFLUORENE RING INTO THE HELIX WITH BASE DISPLACEMENT OF THE C-8-MODIFIED SYN GUANINE INTO THE MAJOR GROOVE SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MUTATION HOT-SPOT; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MUTAGENESIS; ADDUCT; CELLS; INDUCTION AB This paper reports on the solution structure of the [AF]dG adduct positioned opposite a deletion site in a DNA oligomer duplex that defines the alignment of the covalent aminofluorene-C-8-guanine adduct relative to the deletion site. The combined NMR molecular mechanics computational studies were undertaken on the [AF]dG adduct embedded in the d(C5-[AF]G6-C7). d(G16-G17) sequence context in a duplex containing 11 residues on the modified strand and 10 on the partner, with no base opposite the modification. The exchangeable and nonexchangeable protons of the aminofluorene moiety and the nucleic acid were assigned following analysis of two-dimensional NMR data sets in H2O and D2O solution. The solution conformation of the [AF]dG . del 11-mer duplex has been determined by incorporating intramolecular and intermolecular proton-proton distances defined by lower and upper bounds deduced from NOESY spectra as restraints in molecular mechanics computations in torsion angle space. The aminofluorene ring of [AF]dG6 is intercalated between intact Watson-Crick dC5 . dG17 and dC7 . dG16 base pairs with the guanine base of [AF]dG6 in a syn alignment displaced into the major groove. The syn glycosidic torsion angle at [AF]dG6 is supported by both carbon and proton chemical shift data for the sugar resonances of the modified guanine residue. The long axis of the aminofluorene ring is parallel to the long axis of the flanking dG . dC base pairs with the AF ring undergoing rapid 180 degrees flips on the NMR time scale. The intercalation site is wedge shaped with a pronounced propeller-twisting and buckling of the dC5 . dG17 base pair. The guanine base of [AF]dG6, which is positioned in the major groove, is inclined relative to the helix axis and stacks over the 5'-flanking dC5 residue in the solution structure. The intercalative-base displacement structure of the [AF]dG . del 11-mer duplex exhibits several unusually shifted proton resonances that can be readily accounted for by the ring current contributions of the guanine purine and carcinogen fluorene aromatic rings of the [AF]dG6 adduct. There are similarities between this structure of the AF-C-8-dG covalent adduct positioned opposite a deletion site and the (+)-trans-antiBP-N-2-dG covalent adduct positioned opposite a deletion site in the same sequence context reported previously from this laboratory [Cosman et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 11507-11517]. The chromophores are intercalated into the helix opposite the deletion site with displacement of the modified guanine into the major groove in both cases. The important difference is that the modified guanine of the N-2-linked benzo[a]pyrenyl-dG adduct adopts an anti alignment while it adopts a syn alignment for the C-8-linked aminofluorene adduct, both of which have their guanine bases tilted relative to the helix axis and stacked over the major groove edge of the 5'-flanking dC5 residue. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,CELLULAR BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS PROGRAM,NEW YORK,NY 10021. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NYU,DEPT BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10003. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-49982, CA-28038]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR-06458] NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 9 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 18 BP 6226 EP 6238 DI 10.1021/bi00018a027 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QX567 UT WOS:A1995QX56700027 PM 7742328 ER PT J AU COSMAN, M XU, R HINGERTY, BE AMIN, S HARVEY, RG GEACINTOV, NE BROYDE, S PATEL, DJ AF COSMAN, M XU, R HINGERTY, BE AMIN, S HARVEY, RG GEACINTOV, NE BROYDE, S PATEL, DJ TI SOLUTION CONFORMATION OF THE (-)-TRANS-ANTI-5-METHYLCHRYSENE-DG ADDUCT OPPOSITE DC IN A DNA DUPLEX - DNA BENDING ASSOCIATED WITH WEDGING OF THE METHYL-GROUP OF 5-METHYLCHRYSENE TO THE 3'-SIDE OF THE MODIFICATION SITE SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TUMOR-INITIATING ACTIVITY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; 2D NMR-SPECTRA; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; DIOL EPOXIDE; MOUSE SKIN; NEWBORN MICE; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; DIHYDRODIOL-EPOXIDES AB This paper reports on NMR-molecular mechanics structural studies of the (-)-trans-anti[MC]dG adduct positioned opposite dC in the sequence context of the d(C1-C2-A3-T4-C5- [MC]G6-C7-T8-A9-C10-C11). d(G12-G13-T14-A15-G16-C17-G18-A19-T20-G21-G22 duplex [designated (-)-trans-anti-[MC]dG dC 11-mer duplex]. This adduct is derived from the trans addition at C-4 of (-)-anti-1(S),2(R)-dihydroxy- 3(R),4(S)-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-methylchlysene [(-)-anti-5-MeCDE] to the N-2 position of dG6 in this duplex sequence. The 5-methyl group is located adjacent to the MC(C-4) binding site, with these groups juxtaposed in a sterically crowded bay region in the adduct duplex. The 5-methylchrysene and the nucleic acid exchangeable and nonexchangeable protons were assigned following analysis of two-dimensional NMR data sets in H2O and D2O buffer solution. The solution structure of the (-)trans-anti-[MC]dG . dC 11-mer duplex has been determined by incorporating DNA-DNA and carcinogen-DNA proton-proton distances defined by lower and upper bounds deduced from NOESY data sets as restraints in molecular mechanics computations in torsion angle space. The results establish that the [MC]dG6 . dC17 base pair and flanking dC5 . dG18 and dC7 . dG16 base pairs retain Watson-Crick alignments upon adduct formation. The aromatic chrysenyl ring is positioned in the minor groove of a right-handed B-DNA helix and stacks predominantly over the sugar of the dC17 residue across from it on the unmodified complementary strand. The chrysenyl ring points toward the 3'-end of the modified strand with its 5-methyl group inserting between the modified [MC]dG6 . dC17 and dC7 . dG16 base pairs. The adduct duplex bends by similar to 47 degrees as a result of the wedged insertion of the 5-methyl group from the minor groove face of the duplex. The solution structure of the (-)-trans-anti-[MC]dG . dC 11-mer duplex is compared with that of the corresponding (-)-trans-anti-[BP]dG . dC 11-mer [De los Santos et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 5245-5252] in which the [BP]dG adduct is derived from the binding of (-)-anti-BPDE [7(S),8(R)-dihydroxy-9(R),10(S)-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene to the N-2 position of dG in the same DNA sequence context. Although the solution structures of the (-)-trans-anti stereoisomers of 5-methylchrysenyl-dG and benzo[a]pyrenyl-dG adducts opposite dC exhibit many features in common with each other, the [MC]dG adduct which contains a bay region methyl group bends the DNA helix to a greater extent than in the corresponding [BP]dG adduct, which lacks a bay region methyl group. Carcinogen-induced bending effects may be important factors in the expression of the mutagenic potential of these [MC]dG lesions. Because of the stabilities of these lesions, site-directed mutagenesis studies are now feasible which should lead to new insights into the relationships between adduct structure, DNA structural distortions, and mutagenic specificity and activity. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,CELLULAR BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS PROGRAM,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NYU,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NYU,DEPT BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10003. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AMER HLTH FDN,VALHALLA,NY 10595. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-20851, CA-28038, CA-46533] NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 9 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 18 BP 6247 EP 6260 DI 10.1021/bi00018a029 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QX567 UT WOS:A1995QX56700029 PM 7742330 ER PT J AU JESSON, DE PENNYCOOK, SJ AF JESSON, DE PENNYCOOK, SJ TI INCOHERENT IMAGING OF CRYSTALS USING THERMALLY SCATTERED ELECTRONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY-MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID STEM LATTICE IMAGES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; THIN SPECIMENS; CONTRAST; DIFFRACTION; MICROSCOPY; COHERENCE AB Thermal diffuse scattering of electrons through large angles by a simple low-index crystal projection is examined in the context of a phonon model, based on the Warren approximation of X-ray diffraction. The scattering from an individual atomic column is visualized in terms of an assembly of independent 'packets' of atoms. Within a packet, the scattering is partially coherent, causing the columnar intensity to deviate from that calculated with an Einstein independent oscillator model. For typical atomic spacings, this deviation is limited to within 20% RP JESSON, DE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 35 TC 170 Z9 170 U1 4 U2 24 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8444 J9 P R SOC-MATH PHYS SC JI P. Roy. Soc.-Math. Phys. Sci. PD MAY 9 PY 1995 VL 449 IS 1936 BP 273 EP 293 DI 10.1098/rspa.1995.0044 PG 21 GA QY101 UT WOS:A1995QY10100006 ER PT J AU CHOW, WW CORZINE, SW YOUNG, DB COLDREN, LA AF CHOW, WW CORZINE, SW YOUNG, DB COLDREN, LA TI MANY-BODY EFFECTS IN THE TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THRESHOLD IN A VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAIN C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP CHOW, WW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT SEMICOND PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 19 BP 2460 EP 2462 DI 10.1063/1.113995 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QX026 UT WOS:A1995QX02600004 ER PT J AU KLEIN, DL MCEUEN, PL AF KLEIN, DL MCEUEN, PL TI CONDUCTING ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY OF ALKANE LAYERS ON GRAPHITE SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACES; ADHESION; LIQUIDS C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KLEIN, DL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 14 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 19 BP 2478 EP 2480 DI 10.1063/1.114001 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QX026 UT WOS:A1995QX02600010 ER PT J AU BEERNINK, KJ THORNTON, RL ANDERSON, GB EMANUEL, MA AF BEERNINK, KJ THORNTON, RL ANDERSON, GB EMANUEL, MA TI SI DIFFUSION AND INTERMIXING IN ALGAAS/GAAS STRUCTURES USING BURIED IMPURITY SOURCES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WELL HETEROSTRUCTURE LASERS; GAAS; SUPERLATTICES; SILICON C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP BEERNINK, KJ (reprint author), XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,3333 COYOTE HILL RD,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 19 BP 2522 EP 2524 DI 10.1063/1.113154 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QX026 UT WOS:A1995QX02600025 ER PT J AU MILLER, DJ ROBERTS, TA KANG, JH TALVACCHIO, J BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH AF MILLER, DJ ROBERTS, TA KANG, JH TALVACCHIO, J BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH TI MEANDERING GRAIN-BOUNDARIES IN YBA2CU3OY BI-CRYSTAL THIN-FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK-LINK; GROWTH; BICRYSTALS C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. WESTINGHOUSE SCI & TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15235. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP MILLER, DJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 20 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 19 BP 2561 EP 2563 DI 10.1063/1.113167 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QX026 UT WOS:A1995QX02600038 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, DW NEUMARK, DM AF ARNOLD, DW NEUMARK, DM TI STUDY OF N2O2 BY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF N2O2- SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-ION PHOTODETACHMENT; ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; TRANSITION-STATE; RATE-CONSTANT; CLUSTER IONS; NO DIMER; ATOMS; DISCHARGE; SPECTRA; DIOXIDE C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 52 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 18 BP 7035 EP 7045 DI 10.1063/1.469097 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QW366 UT WOS:A1995QW36600010 ER PT J AU KANG, JS PARK, JG OLSON, CG YOUN, SJ MIN, BI AF KANG, JS PARK, JG OLSON, CG YOUN, SJ MIN, BI TI VALENCE-BAND AND SB 4D CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION OF THE XMNSB-TYPE HEUSLER COMPOUNDS (X=PT, PD, NI) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID HALF-METALLIC FERROMAGNETS; PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; RESONANT-PHOTOEMISSION; RAY PHOTOEMISSION; NIMNSB; PTMNSB; ALLOYS; SPECTRA; MNO AB Electronic structures of the valence band and Sb 4d core levels of the XMnSb-type Heusler alloys (where X = Pt, Pd, Ni) have been investigated systematically using photoemission spectroscopy (PES) and self-consistent spin-polarized band structure calculations. The extracted Mn 3d PSW of XMnSb (where X = Pt, Pd) are found to be almost identical. Interestingly, they are quite different from those of Mn metal, but are analogous to those of MnO, suggesting that the role of the Sb 5p electrons in XMnSb may be similar to that of the O 2p electrons in MnO. A comparison of the PSW with the corresponding theoretical angular momentum projected density of states (PLDOS) shows a fairly good agreement for the Pt and Pd d states, but large discrepancies for the Mn and Ni 3d states. The calculated X d and Mn 3d PLDOS reveal that the hybridization between the Mn 3d and X d states increases from X = Pt to Pd and Ni. In the Sb 4d core level PES spectra, a broader and less structureless line shape is observed for X = Pd than for X = Pt and Ni. A detailed analysis of their line shapes indicates that it is due to a larger lifetime broadening for X = Pd than for X = Pt and Ni. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, DEPT PHYS, LONDON SW7 2BZ, ENGLAND. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. POHANG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, POHANG 790784, SOUTH KOREA. RP RES INST IND SCI & TECHNOL, POHANG 790600, SOUTH KOREA. RI Park, Je Geun/K-8571-2013 NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 7 IS 19 BP 3789 EP 3800 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/7/19/013 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QZ439 UT WOS:A1995QZ43900013 ER PT J AU BRODSKY, SJ BURKARDT, M SCHMIDT, I AF BRODSKY, SJ BURKARDT, M SCHMIDT, I TI QCD CONSTRAINTS ON THE SHAPE OF POLARIZED QUARK AND GLUON DISTRIBUTIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SPIN STRUCTURE; FORM-FACTORS; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; PROTON-SCATTERING; NUCLEON; ASYMMETRY; DEUTERON AB We develop simple analytic representations of the polarized quark and gluon distributions in the nucleon at low Q(2) which incorporate general constraints obtained from the requirements of color coherence of gluon couplings at x similar to 0 and the helicity retention properties of perturbative QCD couplings at x similar to 1. The unpolarized predictions are similar to the D'(0) distributions given by Martin, Roberts, and Stirling. The predictions for the quark helicity distributions are compared with polarized structure functions measured by the E142 experiment at SLAC and the SMC experiment at CERN. C1 MIT, NUCL SCI LAB, CTR THEORET PHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, DEPT PHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. UNIV TECN FEDERICO SANTA MARIA, VALPARAISO, CHILE. RP BRODSKY, SJ (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RI Schmidt, Ivan/J-5920-2012 NR 61 TC 261 Z9 262 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 441 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00009-H PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QY043 UT WOS:A1995QY04300009 ER PT J AU JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM AF JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM TI BARYON NUMBER TRANSPORT IN A COSMIC QCD-PHASE TRANSITION SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID CHROMOELECTRIC-FLUX-TUBE; QUARK GLUON PLASMA; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; NEUTRON DIFFUSION; EARLY UNIVERSE; STRANGE MATTER; FLUCTUATIONS; EVAPORATION; SCATTERING; MODEL AB We investigate the transport of baryon number across phase boundaries in a putative first order cosmic QCD-phase transition. Two independent phenomenological models are employed to estimate the baryon penetrability at the phase boundary: chromoelectric flux tube models; and an analogy to baryon-baryon coalescence in nuclear physics. We find that neither one of these techniques can yield truly definitive estimates for baryon penetrability in the context of vacuum phase transitions in the early universe. Our estimates range from very small values for penetrability consistent with previous estimates, to larger values that could be consistent with maximal penetrability. We discuss the substantial uncertainties involved in any estimate of baryon penetrability at phase boundaries in the context of phenomenological models. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,PHYS RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 441 IS 1-2 BP 215 EP 233 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00097-C PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QY043 UT WOS:A1995QY04300010 ER PT J AU BAADHIO, RA AF BAADHIO, RA TI MAPPING CLASS-GROUPS FOR D=2+1 QUANTUM-GRAVITY AND TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM-FIELD THEORIES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID 2+1 DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY; TIME; 3-MANIFOLDS; HYPOTHESIS; INVARIANTS; GENUS AB A series of disjunctional techniques combining Cerf's original work on diffeomorphism extensions and the Smale-Hatcher Conjecture are used to determine the mapping class groups or homeotopy groups of three-manifolds in which Chern-Simons-Witten and 3-dimensional quantum gravity theories live. Four cases of interest are being considered, two of which focus on three-manifolds with topology M = Sigma(g) X R (g greater than or equal to 2). We show that when the 3-manifold M(g) is endowed with only one boundary component, its mapping class group is trivial; whereas the mapping class group is non-zero when M(g) has two boundary components. As for proper 3-manifolds such as handlebody H-g (g greater than or equal to 2), we prove that the mapping class group is trivial when H-g possesses one boundary component. In contrast, when endowed with no boundary component at all, H-g has a highly non-trivial mapping class group. The original impetus for the present work draws on recent developments in 3-dimensional physics, most notably on Chern-Simons-Witten theories and their quantum gravity incarnations. In these theories, mapping class groups have been at the forefront of determining suitable quantizations, solving operator ordering problems, finding a suitable set of diffeomorphism-invariant observables, and detecting and cancelling global gravitational anomalies. The problem of finding a suitable set of mapping class group induced observables is singled out. In particular, we provide a generalization of the Nelson-Regge construction of diffeomorphism-invariant observables for 2 + 1 quantum gravity by showing that the set of mapping class group induced observables corresponds to the centralizer of non-trivial mapping class groups. For proper 3-handlebodies with non-trivial homeotopy groups, it is argued that the lack of a global time direction is a significant obstacle in the physical description of topological quantum field theories, including their quantum gravity incarnation. Because of the triviality of some 3-homeotopy groups, the message derived from the present work is that there are a limited number of 3-manifolds (proper or otherwise) in which one can define consistent theories of quantum gravity and/or Chern-Simons-Witten theories. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV PHYS,THEORY GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BAADHIO, RA (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,JOSEPH HENRY LABS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 441 IS 1-2 BP 383 EP 401 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00008-G PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QY043 UT WOS:A1995QY04300016 ER PT J AU GATES, EI GYUK, G TURNER, MS AF GATES, EI GYUK, G TURNER, MS TI MICROLENSING AND HALO COLD DARK-MATTER SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC HALO; KINEMATICS; OBJECTS; GALAXY; BULGE; MODEL C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP GATES, EI (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 45 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3724 EP 3727 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3724 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000003 ER PT J AU WALLACE, NB BORDER, PM CIAMPA, DP GUGLIELMO, G HELLER, KJ WOODS, DM JOHNS, KA GAO, YT LONGO, MJ RAMEIKA, R AF WALLACE, NB BORDER, PM CIAMPA, DP GUGLIELMO, G HELLER, KJ WOODS, DM JOHNS, KA GAO, YT LONGO, MJ RAMEIKA, R TI PRECISION-MEASUREMENT OF THE OMEGA(-)-MAGNETIC MOMENT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION POLARIZATION; HYPERON POLARIZATION; BERYLLIUM; PROTONS; SIGMA+ C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP WALLACE, NB (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 24 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3732 EP 3735 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3732 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000005 ER PT J AU WOODS, KJ WALSH, JE STONER, RE KIRK, HG FERNOW, RC AF WOODS, KJ WALSH, JE STONER, RE KIRK, HG FERNOW, RC TI FORWARD DIRECTED SMITH-PURCELL RADIATION FROM RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. ELECTR RES LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WOODS, KJ (reprint author), DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 16 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3808 EP 3811 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3808 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000024 ER PT J AU CAUBLE, R DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CELLIERS, P MORENO, JC WAN, AS AF CAUBLE, R DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CELLIERS, P MORENO, JC WAN, AS TI MICRON-RESOLUTION RADIOGRAPHY OF LASER-ACCELERATED AND X-RAY HEATED FOILS WITH AN X-RAY LASER SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TARGETS; RADIATION; PULSES RP CAUBLE, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3816 EP 3819 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3816 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000026 ER PT J AU STURHAHN, W TOELLNER, TS ALP, EE ZHANG, X ANDO, M YODA, Y KIKUTA, S SETO, M KIMBALL, CW DABROWSKI, B AF STURHAHN, W TOELLNER, TS ALP, EE ZHANG, X ANDO, M YODA, Y KIKUTA, S SETO, M KIMBALL, CW DABROWSKI, B TI PHONON DENSITY-OF-STATES MEASURED BY INELASTIC NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; BRAGG-DIFFRACTION C1 NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PHOTON FACTORY,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,FAC ENGN,DEPT APPL PHYS,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,INST RES REACTOR,OSAKA 59004,JAPAN. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP STURHAHN, W (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 25 TC 316 Z9 318 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3832 EP 3835 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3832 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000030 ER PT J AU WU, YN ALEXANDER, FJ LOOKMAN, T CHEN, SY AF WU, YN ALEXANDER, FJ LOOKMAN, T CHEN, SY TI EFFECTS OF HYDRODYNAMICS ON PHASE-TRANSITION KINETICS IN 2-DIMENSIONAL BINARY FLUIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; ISOBUTYRIC ACID; SEPARATION; MIXTURES; DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT; GROWTH; MODEL C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ISCR,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,DIV RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP WU, YN (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT MATH APPL,LONDON,ON N6A 5B7,CANADA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 30 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3852 EP 3855 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3852 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000035 ER PT J AU XIAO, XD XIE, YL JAKOBSEN, C GALLOWAY, H SALMERON, M SHEN, YR AF XIAO, XD XIE, YL JAKOBSEN, C GALLOWAY, H SALMERON, M SHEN, YR TI IMPURITY EFFECT ON SURFACE-DIFFUSION - CO/S/NI(110) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED THERMAL-DESORPTION; SELF-DIFFUSION; ADSORPTION; NI(110); SULFUR; CHEMISORPTION; DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN; NICKEL C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP XIAO, XD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3860 EP 3863 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3860 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000037 ER PT J AU FEHRENBACHER, R NORMAN, MR AF FEHRENBACHER, R NORMAN, MR TI PHENOMENOLOGICAL BCS THEORY OF THE HIGH-T-C CUPRATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA RP FEHRENBACHER, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 18 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 19 BP 3884 EP 3887 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3884 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QW900 UT WOS:A1995QW90000043 ER PT J AU BRNICEVIC, N PLANINIC, P MCCARLEY, RE ANTOLIC, S LUIC, M KOJICPRODIC, B AF BRNICEVIC, N PLANINIC, P MCCARLEY, RE ANTOLIC, S LUIC, M KOJICPRODIC, B TI SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 3 NEW COMPOUNDS CONTAINING [NB6CL12](2+) UNITS AS HYDRATED HYDROXIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID X = CL; HEXANUCLEAR NIOBIUM; CLUSTER HYDROXIDES; TANTALUM; TA; BR; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; METAL; M=NB AB Conditions have been established for the preparation of three different hydrated chloroniobium cluster hydroxide compounds from alkaline solutions: triclinic [Nb6Cl12(OH)(2)(H2O)(4)].4H(2)O 1 and two cubic compounds whose structures are uncertain with regard to the co-ordination of OH- ions. Nb6Cl12(OH)(2)(H2O)(14) 2 and Nb6Cl12(H2O)(14)(OMe)(2) 3. Based upon structural data 2 and 3 may contain either the cation [Nb6Cl12(H2O)(6)](2+)or the neutral cluster [Nb6Cl12(OH)(2)(H2O)(4)] containing hydroxo ligands. In 1 distinct distances of 2.147(5) for Nb-OH, and 2.250(5) and 2.289(5) Angstrom for Nb-OH2 were found. In 2 and 3 only distances of 2.19(1) and 2.193(7) Angstrom, respectively, were found for the Nb-O bonds of co-ordinated water (or hydroxide-water averaged). Compound 1 is triclinic, space group P (1) over bar, a = 8.930(3), b = 9.195(2), c = 9.118(1) Angstrom, alpha = 104.37(2), beta = 99.51(2) and gamma = 116.99(2)degrees, U = 611.9(3) Angstrom(3) Z = 1, R = 0.036. Compound 2 is cubic, space group Fm (3) over bar m, a = 14.59(2) Angstrom, U = 3105.7(1) Angstrom(3) Z = 4, R = 0.028. Compound 3 is also cubic, space group Fm (3) over bar m, a = 14.627(1) Angstrom, U = 3129.3(1) Angstrom(3), Z = 4. R = 0.031. IR spectra of 1 show strong O-H and Nb-O stretching bands that reflect the presence of co-ordinated OH- groups. In 2 and 3 the IR spectra are less definitive about possible co-ordination of hydroxide. C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP BRNICEVIC, N (reprint author), RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,ZAGREB 41001,CROATIA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0300-9246 J9 J CHEM SOC DALTON JI J. Chem. Soc.-Dalton Trans. PD MAY 7 PY 1995 IS 9 BP 1441 EP 1446 DI 10.1039/dt9950001441 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QY254 UT WOS:A1995QY25400008 ER PT J AU TOSTES, JGR SEIDL, PR SOTO, MM CARNEIRO, JWD LIE, SK TAFT, CA BROWN, W LESTER, WA AF TOSTES, JGR SEIDL, PR SOTO, MM CARNEIRO, JWD LIE, SK TAFT, CA BROWN, W LESTER, WA TI AB-INITIO STUDIES OF HYPERCONJUGATION EFFECTS ON CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION IN TETRACYCLODODECANE ALCOHOLS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLIC NORBORNYL DERIVATIVES; SPECTRA; C-13 AB Ab initio calculations using the STO-3G, 6-31G, and 6-31G** basis sets are used to investigate charge distribution in tetracyclododecane alcohols. The calculated net atomic charges using fully optimized geometries indicate that certain carbon and hydrogen atoms in the proximity of a nonbonding oxygen lone pair are more negatively charged and the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds are longer. Analysis of these charges and bond lengths as well as atomic orbital populations suggests that the differences between charge distribution on carbon and hydrogen atoms adjacent to the hydroxyl group and their corresponding carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bond lengths can be explained in terms of hyperconjugation. C1 UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT QUIM GERAL & INORGAN,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT FIS,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. CNPQ,CTR TECNOL MINERAL,BR-21949 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. RP TOSTES, JGR (reprint author), UNIV FED FLUMINENSE,DEPT QUIM FIS,BR-24249 NITEROI,RJ,BRAZIL. RI Carneiro, Jose/I-9932-2014; OI Carneiro, Jose/0000-0002-3491-1764; Brown, Willard/0000-0001-7369-6799 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 5 PY 1995 VL 237 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00271-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QW527 UT WOS:A1995QW52700006 ER PT J AU LIU, HI SONO, M KADKHODAYAN, S HAGER, LP HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO DAWSON, JH AF LIU, HI SONO, M KADKHODAYAN, S HAGER, LP HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO DAWSON, JH TI X-RAY-ABSORPTION NEAR-EDGE STUDIES OF CYTOCHROME P-450-CAM, CHLOROPEROXIDASE, AND MYOGLOBIN - DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR THE ELECTRON RELEASING CHARACTER OF A CYSTEINE THIOLATE PROXIMAL LIGAND SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; CO BOND ANGLE; ACTIVE-SITE; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; XANES SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND-II; LIGATION AB The low spin ferric and low and high spin ferrous forms of myoglobin, bacterial cytochrome P-450-CAM, and chloroperoxidase have been examined by Fe-K x-ray absorption edge spectroscopy. The positions of the absorption edge and the shapes of preedge and edge regions of imidazole adducts of ferric P-450-CAM and chloroperoxidase are essentially the same when compared with thiolate-ligated ferric myoglobin. As these three protein derivatives all have six-coordinate, low spin, ferric hemes with axial imidazole and thiolate ligands, the superposition of x-ray absorption edge spectral properties demonstrates that the protein environment does not effect the spectra, provided one compares heme iron centers with identical coordination numbers, spin and oxidation states, and ligand sets. In contrast, a 0.96 eV difference is observed in the energy of the absorption edge for imidazole- and thiolate-ligated ferric myoglobin with the latter shifted to lower energy as observed for ferrous myoglobin states. Similarly, in the low spin ferric-imidazole and ferrous-CO states, the energies of the absorption edge for chloroperoxidase and P-450-CAM are shifted in the direction of the ferrous state (to lower energy) when compared with those for analogous myoglobin derivatives. In the deoxyferrous high spin state, comparison of the edge spectra of chloroperoxidase with analogous data for cytochrome P-450-CAM suggests that the electron density at the iron is similar for these two protein states. The shifts observed in the energies of the x-ray absorption edge for the thiolate ligated states of these proteins relative to derivatives lacking a thiolate ligand provide a direct measure of the electron releasing character of a thiolate axial ligand. These results therefore support the suggested role of the cysteinate proximal ligand of P-450 as a strong internal electron donor to promote O-O bond cleavage in the putative ferric-peroxide intermediate to generate the proposed ferryl oxo ''active oxygen'' state of the reaction cycle. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. UNIV S CAROLINA,SCH MED,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT BIOCHEM,URBANA,IL 61801. RP LIU, HI (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. OI Dawson, John/0000-0002-4902-4295 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-07768] NR 41 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 5 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 18 BP 10544 EP 10550 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QW601 UT WOS:A1995QW60100030 PM 7737989 ER PT J AU MEBEL, AM LIN, MC MOROKUMA, K MELIUS, CF AF MEBEL, AM LIN, MC MOROKUMA, K MELIUS, CF TI THEORETICAL-STUDY OF THE GAS-PHASE STRUCTURE, THERMOCHEMISTRY, AND DECOMPOSITION MECHANISMS OF NH4NO2 AND NH4N(NO2)(2) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY; MOLECULAR-ENERGIES; GAUSSIAN-1 THEORY; 2ND-ROW COMPOUNDS; DINITRAMIDE; EXCHANGE; HYDROGEN; ABINITIO AB The structures, energetics, and decomposition mechanisms of gaseous ammonium nitrite (NH4NO2) and ammonium dinitramide [ADN, NH4N(NO2)(2)] have been studied theoretically by different ah initio molecular orbital approaches. In the gas phase, both species have the structures of molecular complexes, [NH3].[HX]. The ionic geometries, [NH4+][X(-)], are not local minima on the potential energy surface and would not be stable after vaporization. For NH4NO2, [NH3].[trans-HONO] is the most stable isomer, and [NH3].[cis-HONO] and [NH3].[HNO2] structures lie higher by 1.4 and 8.4 kcal/mol at the G1 level of theory. For the gaseous ADN, [NH3].[HN(NO2)(2) is the most stable structure, while the [NH3].[HON(O)NNO2] isomer is 2.3 kcal/mol less favorable. The calculated dissociation energies of the [NH3].[HX] complex to NH3 and HX are 8-9 and 12-14 kcal/mol for NH4NO2 and ADN, respectively. The energies for elimination of the NO2 group from HN(NO2)(2) and HON(O)NNO2 are found to be 38-40 kcal/mol, while the barrier for HON(O)NNO2 dissociation is about 42 kcal/mol. We predict the following values of the heats of formation, Delta H-f(0)(0), in the gas phase: -35.5 kcal/mol for [NH3].[trans-HONO] and 3.2 kcal/mol for [NH3].[HN(NO2)(2)]. A realistic mechanism for the decomposition of ADN, which is fully consistent with the products measured by Brill et al, (ref 3), has been proposed on the basis of these ab initio MO results. C1 EMORY UNIV, CHERRY L EMERSON CTR SCI COMPUTAT, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA. EMORY UNIV, DEPT CHEM, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Mebel, Alexander/A-5234-2009 NR 30 TC 90 Z9 96 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 18 BP 6842 EP 6848 DI 10.1021/j100018a015 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QW705 UT WOS:A1995QW70500015 ER PT J AU KAPOOR, S BARNABAS, FA SAUER, MC MEISEL, D JONAH, CD AF KAPOOR, S BARNABAS, FA SAUER, MC MEISEL, D JONAH, CD TI KINETICS OF HYDROGEN FORMATION FROM FORMALDEHYDE IN BASIC AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION AB A phenomenological description of dihydrogen generation from solutions of formaldehyde and glyoxylate in basic aqueous solutions at high ionic strength is presented. Effective rate constants and activation energies for the H-2 production reactions of these two substrates are given. The effect of formaldehyde and NaOH concentrations on the rate of H-2 generation was studied at 23, 45, and 60 degrees C. The reaction is first order in formaldehyde and approaches second order in [OH-] at low [HCHO]. At high ionic strength the experimental results can be modeled by a reaction mechanism that includes the Cannizzaro reaction in competition with the hydrogen production reaction. To obtain acceptable agreement of the experimental observations with the computational modeling, one needs to invoke a reaction of hydroxide ions with the two deprotonated forms of methylene glycol (the hydrated formaldehyde). The quantitative description of this reaction is important in safety issues of stored high level liquid nuclear waste. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 18 BP 6857 EP 6863 DI 10.1021/j100018a017 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QW705 UT WOS:A1995QW70500017 ER PT J AU MILLER, JR PAVLATOS, B BAL, R CLOSS, GL AF MILLER, JR PAVLATOS, B BAL, R CLOSS, GL TI TORSIONAL LOW-FREQUENCY REORGANIZATION ENERGY OF BIPHENYL ANION IN ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MARCUS INVERTED REGION; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; CHARGE RECOMBINATION PROCESS; FRANCK-CONDON BARRIER; RADICAL-ION-PAIRS; INTERNAL-ROTATION; TRANSFER COMPLEX; GAP DEPENDENCE; DISTANCE AB Experiments have been performed to examine the effect of the inter-ring torsional motion of biphenyl, which is concluded to have a substantial effect on electron transfer (ET) rates. Intramolecular ET rate constants were measured in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran solution of molecules having the form donor-spacer-acceptor (DSA) in which the donor is either it-biphenyl (B) or 2-(9,9'-dimethyl)fluorene (2F), which has similar energetics and electronic structure to biphenyl but lacks biphenyl's inter-ring torsional flexibility. When 2F replaces B, the rate of the weakly exoergic ET to naphthalene increases by a factor of 8.0, whereas the highly exoergic ET to benzoquinone decreases by a factor of 2.5. These changes in ET rates are attributed to a reorganization energy of 0.13 eV for the internal, torsional vibration of biphenyl. The size of this reorganization energy is compared to results of other types of experiments and of calculations on biphenyl. RP MILLER, JR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 50 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 18 BP 6923 EP 6925 DI 10.1021/j100018a025 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QW705 UT WOS:A1995QW70500025 ER PT J AU SAFFER, JD THURSTON, SJ AF SAFFER, JD THURSTON, SJ TI CANCER RISK AND ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS SO NATURE LA English DT Letter ID OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN-CELLS RP SAFFER, JD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 375 IS 6526 BP 22 EP 23 DI 10.1038/375022a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QW604 UT WOS:A1995QW60400038 PM 7723837 ER PT J AU BAHCALL, JN LANDE, K LANOU, RE LEARNED, JG ROBERTSON, RGH WOLFENSTEIN, L AF BAHCALL, JN LANDE, K LANOU, RE LEARNED, JG ROBERTSON, RGH WOLFENSTEIN, L TI PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS IN NEUTRINO ASTROPHYSICS SO NATURE LA English DT Review ID STANDARD SOLAR MODELS; OSCILLATIONS; DETECTOR; GALLEX; MATTER; HELIUM; BURST AB Four separate experiments to detect neutrinos from the Sun have now confirmed a deficit in the flux relative to the predictions of standard theories of nuclear physics. Future experiments with new neutrino detectors promise to reveal the explanation for this shortfall. The planned detectors may also engender a new field of astronomy, based on the observation of neutrino emission from distant, energetic astrophysical sources. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BROWN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV HAWAII,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP BAHCALL, JN (reprint author), INST ADV STUDY,OLDEN LANE,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 375 IS 6526 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1038/375029a0 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QW604 UT WOS:A1995QW60400045 ER PT J AU ACCIARRI, M ADAM, A ADRIANI, O AGUILARBENITEZ, M AHLEN, S ALPAT, B ALCARAZ, J ALLABY, J ALOISIO, A ALVERSON, G ALVIGGI, MG AMBROSI, G AN, Q ANDERHUB, H ANDERSON, AL ANDREEV, VP ANGELESCU, T ANTREASYAN, D ALKHAZOV, G AREFIEV, A AZEMOON, T AZIZ, T BABA, PVKS BAGNAIA, P BAKKEN, JA BAKSAY, L BALL, RC BANERJEE, S BANICZ, K BARILLERE, R BARONE, L BARTALINI, P BASCHIROTTO, A BASILE, M BATTISTON, R BAY, A BECATTINI, F BECKER, U BEHNER, F BENCZE, GL BERDUGO, J BERGES, P BERTUCCI, B BETEV, BL BIASINI, M BILAND, A BILEI, GM BIZZARRI, R BLAISING, JJ BOBBINK, GJ BOCK, R BOHM, A BORGIA, B BOUCHAM, A BOURILKOV, D BOURQUIN, M BOUTIGNY, D BOUWENS, B BRAMBILLA, E BRANSON, JG BRIGLJEVIC, V BROCK, IC BUJAK, A BURGER, JD BURGER, WJ BURGOS, C BUSENITZ, J BUYTENHUIJS, A BYKOV, A CAI, XD CAPELL, M ROMEO, GC CARIA, M CARLINO, G CARTACCI, AM CASAUS, J CASTELLINI, G CASTELLO, R CAVALLO, N CECCHI, C CERRADA, M CESARONI, F CHAMIZO, M CHANG, YH CHATURVEDI, UK CHEMARIN, M CHEN, A CHEN, C CHEN, G CHEN, GM CHEN, HF CHEN, HS CHEN, M CHIEFARI, G CHIEN, CY CHOI, MT CHUNG, S CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CIVININI, C CLARE, I CLARE, R COAN, TE COHN, HO COIGNET, G COLINO, N COMMICHAU, V COSTANTINI, S COTOROBAI, F DELACRUZ, B CUI, XT CUI, XY DAI, TS DALESSANDRO, R DEASMUNDIS, R DEBOECK, H DEGRE, A DEITERS, K DENES, E DENES, P DENOTARISTEFANI, F DIBITONTO, D DIEMOZ, M DIONISI, C DITTMAR, M DORIA, A DORNE, I DOVA, MT DRAGO, E DUCHESNEAU, D DUHEM, F DUNKER, P DURAN, I DUTTA, S EASO, S ELMAMOUNI, H ENGLER, A EPPLING, FJ ERNE, FC ERNENWEIN, JP EXTERMANN, P FABBRETTI, R FABRE, M FACCINI, R FALCIANO, S FAVARA, A FAY, J FELCINI, M FERGUSON, T FERNANDEZ, D FERNANDEZ, G FERRONI, F FESEFELDT, H FIANDRINI, E FIELD, JH FILTHAUT, F FISHER, PH FORCONI, G FREDJ, L FREUDENREICH, K GAILLOUD, M GALAKTIONOV, Y GALLO, E GANGULI, SN GARCIAABIA, P GAU, SS GENTILE, S GERALD, J GHEORDANESCU, N GIAGU, S GOLDFARB, S GOLDSTEIN, J GONG, ZF GONZALEZ, E GOUGAS, A GOUJON, D GRATTA, G GRUENEWALD, MW GUANZIROLI, M GUPTA, VK GURTU, A GUSTAFSON, HR GUTAY, LJ HARTMANN, B HASAN, A HE, JT HEBBEKER, T HEBERT, M HERVE, A HILGERS, K VANHOEK, WC HOFER, H HOORANI, H HOU, SR HU, G ILLE, B ILYAS, MM INNOCENTE, V JANSSEN, H JIN, BN JONES, LW DEJONG, P JOSAMUTUBERRIA, I KASSER, A KHAN, RA KAMYSHKOV, Y KAPINOS, P KAPUSTINSKY, JS KARYOTAKIS, Y KAUR, M KHOKHAR, S KIENZLEFOCACCI, MN KIM, D KIM, JK KIM, SC KIM, YG KINNISON, WW KIRKBY, A KIRKBY, D KIRKBY, J KIRSCH, S KITTEL, W KLIMENTOV, A KONIG, AC KOFFEMAN, E KORNADT, O KOUTSENKO, V KOULBARDIS, A KRAEMER, RW KRAMER, T KRENZ, W KUIJTEN, H KUNIN, A DEGUEVARA, PL LANDI, G LANFRANCHI, M LANZANO, S LAURIKAINEN, P LEBEAU, M LEBEDEV, A LEBRUN, P LECOMTE, P LECOQ, P 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ZHOU, JF ZHOU, Y ZHU, RY ZICHICHI, A VANDERZWAAN, BCC TI SEARCH FOR NEUTRALINOS IN Z-DECAYS SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LEVEL ENERGY TRIGGER; L3 EXPERIMENT; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; FERMILAB TEVATRON; SUPERSYMMETRY; COLLIDER; GLUINO; LEP; COLLISIONS; PARTICLES AB We have searched for neutralinos produced via the reactions e(+)e(-) --> chi chi', and e(+)e(-) --> chi'chi', where the next-to lightest neutralino, chi', decays into the lightest neutralino, chi and either a photon or a fermion pair, Based on 1.8 X 10(6) hadronic Z decays collected with the L3 detector at LEP, no signal has been observed. We present upper limits of a few times 10(-5) on the branching ratios Z --> chi chi' and Z --> chi chi'. In the framework of the Minimial Supersymmetric Standard Model, we exclude a lightest chi with m(chi) less than 18 GeV, if either tan beta > 2 or the gluino mass m(g) > 100 GeV. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NIKHEF H, NATL INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, 1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, LAPP, IN2P3, CNRS, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA, HEFEI 230029, PEOPLES R CHINA. SEFT, HIGH ENERGY PHYS RES INST, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, IN2P3, CNRS, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPTL PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN, 6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, 6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROME, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. INST PHYS NUCL LYON, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. HIGH ENERGY PHYS GRP, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. RP ACCIARRI, M (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL, VIA CELORIA 16, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. 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LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R ZACEK, G BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA PROSKURYAKOV, AS SAVIN, AA SHCHEGLOVA, LM SOLOMIN, AN ZOTOV, NP BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DANIELS, D DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LUFFMAN, PE LINDEMANN, L MCFALL, JD NATH, C NOYES, VA QUADT, A UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITEMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G MARINI, G NIGRO, A TASSI, E HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E DUBBS, T HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W RAHN, JT SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH VAICIULIS, A WODARCZYK, M TSURUGAI, T BHADRA, S CARDY, ML FAGERSTROEM, CP FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM KHAKZAD, M SCHMIDKE, WB AF DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MIKUNAS, D MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL ZHANG, H AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CONTIN, A CORRADI, M GIALAS, I GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F POLINI, A SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T ECKERT, M FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G GROTHE, M HAAS, T HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF MARI, SM MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S CASSIDY, A DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS NORMAN, DJP OMARA, JA TAPPER, RJ WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M IANNOTTI, L SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A CARTIGLIA, N PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S ZHU, Q BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BEIER, H BIENLEIN, JK COLDEWEY, C DEPPE, O DESLER, K DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M GILKINSON, DJ GLASMAN, C GOTTLICHER, P GROSSEKNETTER, J GUTJAHR, B HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H IGA, Y JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MANCZAK, O MONTEIRO, T NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROCO, M ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E SURROW, B VOSS, T WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C ZHOU, JF GRABOSCH, HJ KHARCHILAVA, A LEICH, A MATTINGLY, MCK MEYER, A SCHLENSTEDT, S WULFF, N BARBAGLI, G PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G MACCARRONE, G DEPASQUALE, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A EISENHARDT, S FREIDHOF, A SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SCHROEDER, J TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FLECK, JI SAXON, DH UTLEY, ML WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD HAGGE, L LOHRMANN, E MAINUSCH, J MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL HUNG, BYH LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, PPO PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK WHITFIELD, AF MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E WANG, MZ WANG, SM WU, JT ZHANG, Y CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J TERRON, J DETROCONIZ, JF SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R ZACEK, G BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KUZMIN, VA PROSKURYAKOV, AS SAVIN, AA SHCHEGLOVA, LM SOLOMIN, AN ZOTOV, NP BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BLAIR, GA BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DANIELS, D DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LUFFMAN, PE LINDEMANN, L MCFALL, JD NATH, C NOYES, VA QUADT, A UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITEMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G MARINI, G NIGRO, A TASSI, E HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E DUBBS, T HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M HUBBARD, B LOCKMAN, W RAHN, JT SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH VAICIULIS, A WODARCZYK, M TSURUGAI, T BHADRA, S CARDY, ML FAGERSTROEM, CP FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM KHAKZAD, M SCHMIDKE, WB TI MEASUREMENT OF THE CROSS-SECTION FOR THE REACTION GAMMA-P-]J/PSI-P WITH THE ZEUS DETECTOR AT HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; BARREL CALORIMETER; PHOTOPRODUCTION; J/PSI; DESIGN AB This paper reports the cross section measurements for the process ep --> e J/psi p for Q(2) < 4 GeV2 at root s = 296 GeV, based on an integrated luminosity of about 0.5 pb(-1), using the ZEUS detector. The J/psi was detected in its e(+)e(-) and mu(+)mu(-) decay modes. The photoproduction cross section was measured to be 52(-12)(+7) +/- 10 nb at an average gamma p centre of mass energy of 67 GeV and 71(-20)(+13) +/- 12 nb at 114 GeV. The significant rise of the cross section compared to lower energy measurements is not in agreement with VDM models, but can be described by QCD inspired models if a rise in the gluon momentum density at low x in the proton is assumed. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY 10533 USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY ZEUTHEN, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST KERNPHYS, W-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV MANITOBA, DEPT PHYS, WINNIPEG, MB R3T 2N2, CANADA. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW 115409, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016 OI Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198 NR 43 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 4 PY 1995 VL 350 IS 1 BP 120 EP 134 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00403-8 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QY435 UT WOS:A1995QY43500019 ER PT J AU DIKANOV, SA TYRYSHKIN, AM HUTTERMANN, J BOGUMIL, R WITZEL, H AF DIKANOV, SA TYRYSHKIN, AM HUTTERMANN, J BOGUMIL, R WITZEL, H TI CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTIDINE COORDINATION IN VO2+-SUBSTITUTED D-XYLOSE ISOMERASE BY ORIENTATIONALLY-SELECTED ELECTRON SPIN-ECHO ENVELOPE MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR DOUBLE-RESONANCE; METAL-ION-BINDING; GLUCOSE-ISOMERASE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE; QUADRUPOLE INTERACTIONS; STREPTOMYCES-ALBUS; COMPLEXES; ENDOR; N-14 AB An orientationally-selected electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy investigation was performed on VO2+ introduced into the high-affinity metal-binding site of D-xylose isomerase. The ESEEM spectra clearly reveal the presence of nitrogen ligands with hyperfine coupling A(N) approximate to 6 MHz. Detailed analysis includes first- and second-order treatment of the nitrogen basic and combination harmonics in two-pulse ESEEM spectra of the g(parallel to) and g(perpendicular to) components. Complete determination of the hyperfine and quadrupole tenser indicates equatorial coordination of the imine nitrogen of the histidine residue. The presence of Cd2+ ion in the second, low-affinity metal-binding site does not affect the nitrogen couplings. The protons surrounding the VO2+ ion have been examined via the proton sum combinations in four-pulse ESEEM. They demonstrate the contribution of two protons probably belonging to the histidine ligand. These investigations strongly support the further application of VO2+ as a spin probe in conjunction with ESEEM spectroscopy for detailed investigation of nitrogen ligands in the active metal sites of proteins. C1 INST CHEM KINET & COMBUST, NOVOSIBIRSK 630090, RUSSIA. UNIV SAARLAND, FACHRICHTUNG BIOPHYS & PHYS GRUNDLAGEN MED, D-66421 HOMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV MUNSTER, INST BIOCHEM, MUNSTER, GERMANY. RP DIKANOV, SA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MACROMOLEC STRUCT & DYNAM ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, MS&D, P7-55, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Tyryshkin, Alexei/A-5219-2008 NR 52 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 3 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 17 BP 4976 EP 4986 DI 10.1021/ja00122a029 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QW140 UT WOS:A1995QW14000029 ER PT J AU LIU, KE VALENTINE, AM QIU, D EDMONDSON, DE APPELMAN, EH SPIRO, TG LIPPARD, SJ AF LIU, KE VALENTINE, AM QIU, D EDMONDSON, DE APPELMAN, EH SPIRO, TG LIPPARD, SJ TI CHARACTERIZATION OF A DIIRON(III) PEROXO INTERMEDIATE IN THE REACTION CYCLE OF METHANE MONOOXYGENASE HYDROXYLASE FROM METHYLOCOCCUS-CAPSULATUS (BATH) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID DIOXYGEN BINDING; OXO PROTEINS; REVERSIBLE FORMATION; CATALYTIC CYCLE; COMPLEX; MODELS; ADDUCT C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. MIT,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. EMORY UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30322. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 28 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 3 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 17 BP 4997 EP 4998 DI 10.1021/ja00122a032 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QW140 UT WOS:A1995QW14000032 ER PT J AU WHEELER, DR WANG, JX ADZIC, RR AF WHEELER, DR WANG, JX ADZIC, RR TI THE EFFECTS OF ANIONS ON THE UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION OF T1 ON PT(111) - A VOLTAMMETRIC STUDY SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE THALLIUM; PLATINUM (111) SURFACE ID COPPER; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; PLATINUM(111); SPECTROSCOPY; COADSORPTION; ELECTRODES; GOLD RP WHEELER, DR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV CHEM SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011; Wheeler, Dean/G-5820-2013 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD MAY 2 PY 1995 VL 387 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1016/0022-0728(95)03864-D PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA RA514 UT WOS:A1995RA51400015 ER PT J AU CHRISTENSEN, AN NORBY, P HANSON, JC AF CHRISTENSEN, AN NORBY, P HANSON, JC TI TIME-RESOLVED SYNCHROTRON X-RAY-POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDY ON SAMPLES FROM THE SYSTEM MGO-MGCL2-H2O SO ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article AB Time-resolved synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction was used to study chemical reactions in the system MgO-MgCl2-H2O at temperatures up to 100 degrees C. The crystalline reaction products formed were Mg(OH)(2), MgCl2 . 5Mg(OH)(2) . 8H(2)O, MgCl2 . 9Mg(OH)(2) . 5H(2)O and MgCl2 . 2Mg(OH)(2) . 4H(2)O. The reaction rates are strongly dependent upon the temperature and slightly dependent on the concentration of the magnesium chloride solutions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP CHRISTENSEN, AN (reprint author), AARHUS UNIV,DEPT INORGAN CHEM,DK-8000 AARHUS C,DENMARK. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Norby, Poul/B-9047-2014 OI Norby, Poul/0000-0002-2590-7050 NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0904-213X J9 ACTA CHEM SCAND JI Acta Chem. Scand. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 49 IS 5 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.49-0331 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA QZ568 UT WOS:A1995QZ56800003 ER PT J AU KISSEL, L ZHOU, B ROY, SC SENGUPTA, SK PRATT, RH AF KISSEL, L ZHOU, B ROY, SC SENGUPTA, SK PRATT, RH TI THE VALIDITY OF FORM-FACTOR, MODIFIED-FORM-FACTOR AND ANOMALOUS-SCATTERING-FACTOR APPROXIMATIONS IN ELASTIC-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; ANGLE RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTIONS; GAMMA-RAYS; COHERENT SCATTERING; ELECTRON CORRELATION; PHOTON-SCATTERING; DATA-BASE; DISPERSION; ATOMS AB The validity of form-factor, modified-form-factor and anomalous-scattering-factor approximations in predictions of elastic photon-atom scattering is assessed with the aid of the state-of-the-art numerical calculation of Rayleigh scattering obtained using the second-order S-matrix theory, in the photon energy range from 100 eV to 1 MeV. A comparison is made with predictions from S-matrix theory in the same atomic model for representative low-Z (carbon, Z = 6) and high-Z (lead, Z = 82) elements to get a general idea of the validity of these simpler more approximate methods. The importance of bound-bound contributions and the angle dependence of the anomalous scattering factors is discussed. A prescription is suggested, with the assumption of angle independence, that uses simpler approaches to obtain the elastic scattering cross sections in the soft-X-ray regime at the level of accuracy of the S-matrix calculation, failing at large momentum transfers for high-Z elements. Predictions from this prescription are compared with experiment. With starting point the many-body elastic scattering amplitude, a detailed discussion is presented of the partition of the elastic scattering amplitude into Rayleigh and Delbruck scattering components. This partition of the optical theorem reveals contributions from bound-bound atomic transitions, bound pair annihilation and bound pair production that are not usually associated with elastic scattering. In the partitioned optical theorem for Rayleigh scattering, as in the many-body optical theorem for scattering from excited states, subtracted cross sections naturally appear. These terms are needed, in addition to the familiar terms for photoionization, to relate the real and imaginary parts of the scattering amplitude. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. BOSE INST,DEPT PHYS,CALCUTTA 700009,W BENGAL,INDIA. N BENGAL UNIV,DARJEELING 734430,INDIA. RP KISSEL, L (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV L,COMPUTAT PHYS GRP,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 80 TC 126 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 8 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7673 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 271 EP 288 DI 10.1107/S010876739400886X PN 3 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA RB594 UT WOS:A1995RB59400005 ER PT J AU PAPOULAR, RJ ZHELUDEV, A RESSOUCHE, E SCHWEIZER, J AF PAPOULAR, RJ ZHELUDEV, A RESSOUCHE, E SCHWEIZER, J TI THE INVERSE FOURIER PROBLEM IN THE CASE OF POOR RESOLUTION IN ONE GIVEN DIRECTION - THE MAXIMUM-ENTROPY SOLUTION SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION DATA; ELECTRON-DENSITY AB When density distributions in crystals are reconstructed from 3D diffraction data, a problem sometimes occurs when the spatial resolution in one given direction is very small compared to that in perpendicular directions. In this case, a 2D projected density is usually reconstructed. For this task, the conventional Fourier inversion method only makes use of those structure factors measured in the projection plane. All the other structure factors contribute zero to the reconstruction of a projected density. On the contrary, the maximum-entropy method uses all the 3D data, to yield 3D-enhanced 2D projected density maps. It is even possible to reconstruct a projection in the extreme case when not one structure factor in the plane of projection is known. In the case of poor resolution along one given direction, a Fourier inversion reconstruction gives very low quality 3D densities 'smeared' in the third dimension. The application of the maximum-entropy procedure reduces the smearing significantly and reasonably well resolved projections along most directions can now be obtained from the MaxEnt 3D density. To illustrate these two ideas, particular examples based on real polarized neutron diffraction data sets are presented. C1 CENS,CEA,COMMUN LAB,CNRS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. CEA,DEPT RECH FONDAMENTALE MAT CONDENSEE,SPSMS,MDN,F-38054 GRENOBLE 9,FRANCE. RP PAPOULAR, RJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7673 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1107/S0108767394009645 PN 3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA RB594 UT WOS:A1995RB59400007 ER PT J AU JAYARAM, R MILLER, MK AF JAYARAM, R MILLER, MK TI INFLUENCE OF PHASE-COMPOSITION AND MICROSTRUCTURE ON THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE CREEP-PROPERTIES OF A MODEL SINGLE-CRYSTAL NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY - AN ATOM-PROBE AEM STUDY SO ACTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID UNIAXIAL STRESS; APFIM TEM; ALLOY; MORPHOLOGY; ADDITIONS; NI3AL AB Atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) have been used to characterize the microstructure of as-quenched and creep-tested model single crystal nickel-base superalloys having the nominal bulk composition Ni-x at. % Mo-2.0% Ta-13.7% Al (x = 7.8-9.2%). The results showed that Ta partitioned preferentially to the gamma' phase whereas Mo partitioned to the gamma matrix. Atom probe composition profiles across gamma-gamma' interfaces did not reveal any evidence of solute segregation and statistical analyses of the data did not indicate ultrafine solute clusters in the gamma matrix. Acicular delta phase precipitates were detected in number densities approximately one order of magnitude higher in the 9.2% Mo alloy as compared to the 8.6 and 8.8% Mo alloy. There was some indication that the DO22-ordered gamma('') phase is stable at 982 degrees C, the temperature at which the creep tests were performed. The absence of interfacial solute segregation and clustering in the gamma matrix suggested that the high creep life of this model alloy system is influenced by the nature of the dislocation network at the gamma-gamma' interface with a possible strengthening contribution from the DO22-ordered phase. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-7151 J9 ACTA METALL MATER JI Acta Metall. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1979 EP 1986 DI 10.1016/0956-7151(94)00357-N PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QU074 UT WOS:A1995QU07400024 ER PT J AU DIETSCHE, LJ DENN, MM BELL, AT AF DIETSCHE, LJ DENN, MM BELL, AT TI SURFACE INTERACTIONS IN A SHEAR FIELD SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; INTERFACES AB The dynamics of chain exchange between flowing bulk melt and the channel wall were studied for oligomeric polyolefins using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR). The dynamics are dominated by a surprisingly slow first-order process which depends on flow rate and materials of construction of the channel wall. The picture which seems to emerge is an entropically-driven flow-rate- (or stress-) dependent adsorption equilibrium which retards the exchange between the surface and bulk. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1266 EP 1272 DI 10.1002/aic.690410521 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA QZ244 UT WOS:A1995QZ24400020 ER PT J AU ALOIA, JF VASWANI, A MA, RM FLASTER, E AF ALOIA, JF VASWANI, A MA, RM FLASTER, E TI TO WHAT EXTENT IS BONE MASS DETERMINED BY FAT-FREE OR FAT MASS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; TOTAL-BODY NITROGEN; DUAL-PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; MINERAL DENSITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CALCIUM; OBESITY; FEMALES; INVIVO; SIZE AB One hundred sixty-four healthy black and white women aged 24-79 y were studied to determine to what extent bone mass is determined by fat-free mass (FFM). A multicomponent approach to body composition, with techniques that are not interdependent, was used. The measurements included dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), prompt gamma-neutron-activation analysis, inelastic neutron scattering, tritiated water dilution, and whole-body counting. Univariate correlations showed significant relationships of all the fat-free measures and most of the fat measures with bone mass measured by total body calcium (TBCa). Data from pre- and postmenopausal women were analyzed separately. The average FFM by itself explained 50-55% of the variability in TBCa whereas the average fat mass by itself explained only 5-18% of the variability. The contribution of fat mass was consistently greater in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. When stepwise multiple regression with TBCa was performed to determine the influence of adding fat mass, height, and race to the relationship of FFM with TBCa, the variation explained by average FFM was 56% premenopausal, 50% postmenopausal; by height 3% premenopausal, 6% postmenopausal; by race 4% premenopausal, 8% postmenopausal; and average fat mass was not significant. Average values for fat mass and FFM were obtained by averaging all the methods used. In conclusion, in black and white healthy women, although bone mass may be partially influenced by fatness or race, the major determinant of bone mass is FFM. Fat mass may play a more important role in postmenopausal women. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ALOIA, JF (reprint author), WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,DEPT MED,259 1ST ST,MINEOLA,NY 11501, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R0-1-AR37520-05]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK42618] NR 26 TC 106 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLIN NUTRITION INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1114 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QV695 UT WOS:A1995QV69500016 PM 7733036 ER PT J AU RUTLEDGE, JC CURRY, FE BLANCHE, P KRAUSS, RM AF RUTLEDGE, JC CURRY, FE BLANCHE, P KRAUSS, RM TI SOLVENT DRAG OF LDL ACROSS MAMMALIAN ENDOTHELIAL BARRIERS WITH INCREASED PERMEABILITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MACROMOLECULAR PERMEABILITY; CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; ENDOTHELIAL LIPOPROTEIN PERMEABILITY; REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS; PORE THEORY; INFLAMMATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL-FED RABBITS; MICROVESSEL PERMEABILITY; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; SINGLE CAPILLARIES; TRANSPORT; MONOLAYERS; HAMSTER; MODULATION; HISTAMINE AB We investigated the mechanisms of hamster low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport across the endothelial barrier in individually perfused venular microvessels in hamster mesentery. These experiments are the first to use microperfusion techniques and quantitative fluorescence microscopy to investigate LDL transport across mammalian microvessel endothelium. The apparent permeability coefficient for hamster LDL, P-sLDL, rose from 2.7 x 10(-7) cm/s at control to 23.2 x 10(-7) cm/s at the peak of the biphasic increase in microvessel permeability after exposure of the vessels to 100 mu M histamine. Close to the peak, P-sLDL rose 1.85 x 10(-7) cm/s for every centimeter of H2O increase in hydrostatic pressure. Thus, at a mean pressure of 11.3 cmH(2)O, 90% of the LDL flux was coupled to transendothelial water flow by a solvent drag mechanism. The corresponding solvent drag reflection coefficient for hamster LDL was estimated to be similar to 0.8. These results are consistent with sieving hamster LDL (effective radius 14.9 nm) through equivalent pores of similar to 22 nm radius. Similar results were found with human LDL (effective radius 13.2 nm) in hamster microvessels. The results provide a bridge between studies of LDL transport across cultured endothelial barriers, where high diffusive permeability coefficients to LDL may obscure the contributions of solvent drag, and studies in whole animals, where the consequences of sieving of LDL at the vessel wall, even in the high permeability state, have not received much attention. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, SCH MED, DEPT HUMAN PHYSIOL, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP RUTLEDGE, JC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS, SCH MED, DIV CARDIOVASC MED, TB 172, BIOLETTI WAY, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 268 IS 5 BP H1982 EP H1991 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA QW850 UT WOS:A1995QW85000026 ER PT J AU SWOPE, RJ SMYTH, JR LARSON, AC AF SWOPE, RJ SMYTH, JR LARSON, AC TI H IN RUTILE-TYPE COMPOUNDS .1. SINGLE-CRYSTAL NEUTRON AND X-RAY-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF H IN RUTILE SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID MANTLE; MINERALS; WATER AB The crystal structure of natural hydrous rutile from a mantle eclogite nodule has been refined from single-crystal neutron diffraction data collected at 24 K. The chemical composition was 95.52 wt% TiO2, 0.74 wt% Fe2O3, 0.68 wt% Al2O3, 1.16 wt% Cr2O3, 1.86 wt% Nb2O5, and 0.04 wt% MnO, with approximately 13000 ppm OH-, as estimated by IR spectroscopy. The position of the H atom was located by examining the negative residuals in the difference Fourier maps. The refined position is near the shared edge of the cation octahedron at x/a = 0.42(1), y/b = 0.50(1), and z/c = 0 with a site occupancy of 2.7%, which is consistent with the H concentration estimated by IR spectroscopy. The O-H bond distance is 1.05 Angstrom and the OH vector is in the (001) plane, which is consistent with the strong omega-polarization of the OH absorption observed in the IR spectra. Single-crystal X-ray data were collected from a synthetic anhydrous rutile crystal and a hydrous rutile crystal from the same mantle nodule as the sample used in the neutron study. The detailed X-ray structures of both rutiles were compared and no significant differences were found; the a/c ratios and the O position were identical within error. Therefore, we conclude that the addition of H into rutile for the purpose of charge-balancing excess 3+ cations does not significantly change the structure. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SWOPE, RJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT GEOL SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 16 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 12 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1130 17TH ST NW SUITE 330, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 80 IS 5-6 BP 448 EP 453 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA RF781 UT WOS:A1995RF78100004 ER PT J AU SCHWANDT, CS CYGAN, RT WESTRICH, HR AF SCHWANDT, CS CYGAN, RT WESTRICH, HR TI MG SELF-DIFFUSION IN PYROPE GARNET SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID ALUMINOSILICATE GARNETS; CATION DIFFUSIVITIES; ZONED GARNETS; TEMPERATURE; CONSTRAINTS; ALMANDINE; OLIVINE; THERMOBAROMETRY; COEFFICIENTS; CHRONOMETRY AB Mg self-diffusion coefficients were experimentally determined for natural pyrope-almandine garnet in a 1 atm CO-CO2 gas-mixing furnace at temperatures of 800-1000 degrees C. Diffusion couples consist of polished garnet crystals covered with a thin him of enriched stable-isotope oxide produced by high-vacuum thermal evaporation of (MgO)-Mg-25. Experiments conducted at quartz + fayalite + magnetite f(O2) provide Mg-25 diffusion coefficients as a function of temperature. The short diffusion penetration profiles (<2000 Angstrom) in the garnet were analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry and ion microprobe using a depth profiling technique. The resulting self-diffusion coefficients are lower than the low-temperature data of other experimental studies. The activation energy and preexponential term derived from the experimental diffusion coefficients obtained at 800, 900, and 1000 degrees C are given by E(a) = 294 +/- 51 kJ/mol and log D-0 = -8.0 +/- 2.3 m(2)/s. The activation energy is similar to that obtained from other cation diffusion studies of garnet at low temperature. Additional experiments conducted at 1000 degrees C to determine Mg-25 diffusion as a function of f(O2) and composition are inconclusive. However, comparison of the results of the present study with previous data indicates that f(O2) and mineral composition are important factors for the diffusion of cations in garnet. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT GEOCHEM, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 42 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1130 17TH ST NW SUITE 330, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 80 IS 5-6 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA RF781 UT WOS:A1995RF78100009 ER PT J AU SMITH, JV AF SMITH, JV TI SYNCHROTRON X-RAY SOURCES - INSTRUMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS - NEW APPLICATIONS IN MICROANALYSIS, TOMOGRAPHY, ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY AND DIFFRACTION SO ANALYST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Analysis of Geological and Environmental Materials (Geoanalysis 94) CY SEP 18-22, 1994 CL AMBLESIDE, ENGLAND DE SYNCHROTRON X-RAY SOURCE; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; X-RAY FLUORESCENCE; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; REVIEW ID TRACE-ELEMENT DETERMINATIONS; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; MICROPROBE ANALYSIS; FLUID INCLUSIONS; POLARIZED EXAFS; GROUP MINERALS; RADIATION; FE; COPPER C1 UNIV CHICAGO, CTR ADV RADIAT SOURCES, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP SMITH, JV (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT GEOPHYS SCI, 5734 S ELLIS AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NR 123 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 EI 1364-5528 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD MAY PY 1995 VL 120 IS 5 BP 1231 EP 1245 DI 10.1039/an9952001231 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA QZ040 UT WOS:A1995QZ04000003 ER PT J AU WARD, MD DEMBO, M HAMMER, DA AF WARD, MD DEMBO, M HAMMER, DA TI KINETICS OF CELL DETACHMENT - EFFECT OF LIGAND DENSITY SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE CELL ADHESION; LIGAND-COATED SUBSTRATE; PEEL TEST; MEMBRANE MECHANICS ID MEMBRANE-MEMBRANE ADHESION; MOLECULAR CROSS-BRIDGES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; DETAILED MECHANICS; FOCAL CONTACT; FIBRONECTIN; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; FIBROBLASTS; SEPARATION AB Cell adhesion to substratum is often mediated by binding between cell surface receptors and substrate ligands. Substrates can be derivatized with different types and densities of ligands, but how substrate chemistry determines cellular function, such as adhesion strength, has not been demonstrated quantitatively. We employ a numerical methodology developed by Dembo and colleagues (9), who investigated membrane peeling under conditions of excess ligand density, to investigate the kinetics and strength of cell peeling from ligand coated surfaces for arbitrary ligand density. We show there are two asymptotic limits to peeling strength, as quantified by the critical tension: a high ligand density limit, where the critical tension is independent of ligand density and depends logarithmically on the receptor density; and a low ligand density limit, in which the critical tension depends logarithmically on the ligand density but is independent of receptor density. In between these limits, we numerically determine the critical tension. The critical tension is always a weak function of the dissociation constant between ligand and receptor. Furthermore, we show how the rate of peeling, for tensions above the critical tension, depends on ligand density and the mechanical properties of the receptor-ligand bonds. Interestingly, we illustrate when small increases in ligand density should alter cellular behavior, inducing a change to spreading onto a substrate from peeling up from a substrate. In total the predictions of this paper provide criteria for the design of ligand-coated substrate that provide for the proper adhesion strength and dynamics of detachment of cells from surfaces. C1 CORNELL UNIV, SCH CHEM ENGN, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. RI Dembo, Micah/C-2755-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI21002-07] NR 32 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-6964 EI 1573-9686 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 23 IS 3 BP 322 EP 331 DI 10.1007/BF02584432 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA QW168 UT WOS:A1995QW16800011 PM 7631985 ER PT J AU WANG, N NOBEL, PS AF WANG, N NOBEL, PS TI PHLOEM EXUDATE COLLECTED VIA SCALE INSECT STYLETS FOR THE CAM SPECIES OPUNTIA-FICUS-INDICA UNDER CURRENT AND DOUBLED CO2 CONCENTRATIONS SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE DACTYLOPIUS OPUNTIAE; OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA; CLADODE; CO2 CONCENTRATIONS; CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; PHLOEM EXUDATE ID ACID METABOLISM PLANT; SIEVE-TUBE EXUDATE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; AMINO-ACIDS; LEAVES; TRANSPORT; ACCUMULATION; SUCROSE; SUGARS; GROWTH AB A method was devised for collecting phloem sap from the CAM species Opuntia ficus-indica using severed stylets of a scale insect (Dactylopius opuntiae), for which exudation could continue for up to 5 d. For both basal (planted) cladodes and first-order daughter cladodes, the concentrations of sucrose and total amino acids in the phloem exudate were virtually constant over 24-h periods whereas the chlorenchyma osmolality had sizeable increases during the night under both current and doubled atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Sucrose, total amino acids, and potassium accounted for 56, 21, and 9%, respectively, of the osmolality of the phloem exudate, which was about 350 mOsm at the two CO2 concentrations; valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, glutamine, and lysine accounted for about 70% of the total amino acids. Doubling the CO2 concentration led to approx. 5% more sucrose, 560% more mannose and 17% less amino acids in the phloem exudate and also significantly increased mannose, starch and glucomannan in the chlorenchyma. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations thus affected various solute properties in the phloem and the chlorenchyma of O. ficus-indica. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 75 IS 5 BP 525 EP 532 DI 10.1006/anbo.1995.1054 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RB141 UT WOS:A1995RB14100012 ER PT J AU WISE, MG SHIMKETS, LJ MCARTHUR, JV AF WISE, MG SHIMKETS, LJ MCARTHUR, JV TI GENETIC-STRUCTURE OF A LOTIC POPULATION OF BURKHOLDERIA (PSEUDOMONAS) CEPACIA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BACTERIA; DIVERSITY; COMPONENTS; CONTINUUM; STREAM; HOST; SOIL AB The genetic structure of a population of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia isolated from a southeastern blackwater stream was investigated by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to examine the allelic variation in eight structural gene loci. Overall, 213 isolates were collected at transect points along the stream continuum, from both the sediments along the bank and the water column. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis revealed 164 distinct electrophoretic types, and the mean genetic diversity of the entire population was 0.574, Genetic diversity values did not vary spatially along the stream continuum. From a canonical discriminant analysis, Mahalonobis distances (measurements of genetic similarity between populations) revealed significant differences among the subpopulations at the sediment sampling points, suggesting bacterial adaptation to a heterogeneous (or patchy) microgeographical environment. Multilocus linkage disequilibrium analysis of the isolates revealed only limited association between alleles, suggesting frequent recombination, relative to binary fission, in this population. Furthermore, the dendrogram created from the data of this study and the allele mismatch distribution are typical of a population characterized by extensive genetic mixing. We suggest that B. cepacia be added to the growing list of bacteria that are not obligatorily clonal. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT MICROBIOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 42 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1791 EP 1798 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QW184 UT WOS:A1995QW18400019 PM 7646017 ER PT J AU FREDRICKSON, JK BALKWILL, DL DRAKE, GR ROMINE, MF RINGELBERG, DB WHITE, DC AF FREDRICKSON, JK BALKWILL, DL DRAKE, GR ROMINE, MF RINGELBERG, DB WHITE, DC TI AROMATIC-DEGRADING SPHINGOMONAS ISOLATES FROM THE DEEP SUBSURFACE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-PAUCIMOBILIS; FATTY-ACIDS; GENUS SPHINGOMONAS; BACTERIA; DIVERSITY; SEDIMENTS; STRAIN; BIODEGRADATION; DIOXYGENASE; CLONING AB An obligately aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacterium (strain F199) previously isolated from Southeast Coastal Plain subsurface sediments and shown to degrade toluene, naphthalene, and other aromatic compounds (J. K. Fredrickson, F. J. Brockman, D. J. Workman, S. W. Li, and T. O. Stevens, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:796-803, 1991) was characterized by analysis of its 165 rRNA nucleotide base sequence and cellular lipid composition. Strain F199 contained 2-OH14:0 and 18:1 omega 7c as the predominant cellular fatty acids and sphingolipids that are characteristic of the genus Sphingomonas. Phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA sequence indicated that F199 aas most closely related to Sphingomonas capsulata among the bacteria currently in the Ribosomal Database. Five additional isolates from deep Southeast Coastal Plain sediments were determined by 16S rRNA sequence analysis to be closely related to F199. These strains also contained characteristic sphingolipids. Four of these five strains could also grow on a broad range of aromatic compounds and could mineralize [C-14]toluene and [C-14]naphthalene. S. capsulata (ATCC 14666), Sphingomonas paucimobilis (ATCC 29837), and one of the subsurface isolates were unable to grow on any of the aromatic compounds or mineralize toluene or naphthalene. These results indicate that bacteria within the genus Sphigomonas are present in Southeast Coastal Plain subsurface sediments and that the capacity for degrading a broad range of substituted aromatic compounds appears to be common among Sphingomonas species from this environment. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE, TN 37932 USA. RP FREDRICKSON, JK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, K4-06,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 42 TC 144 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1917 EP 1922 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QW184 UT WOS:A1995QW18400039 PM 7544095 ER PT J AU DENG, YF MCCOY, RA MARR, RB PEIERLS, RF YASAR, O AF DENG, YF MCCOY, RA MARR, RB PEIERLS, RF YASAR, O TI MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS ON DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY MIMD COMPUTERS WITH LOAD BALANCING SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; DYNAMIC LOAD BALANCE; PARALLEL COMPUTING; LINE-CELL ALGORITHM; LENNARD-JONES POTENTIAL AB We report two aspects of a computational molecular dynamics study of large-scale problems on a distributed-memory MIMD parallel computer: (1) efficiency and scalability results on Intel Paragon parallel computers with up to 1024 nodes for 400 million particles and (2) a new method for dynamic load balancing. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR COMPUTAT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP DENG, YF (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,CTR COMP SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. OI Deng, Yuefan/0000-0002-5224-3958; Yasar, Osman/0000-0002-9474-8137 NR 4 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0893-9659 J9 APPL MATH LETT JI Appl. Math. Lett. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 8 IS 3 BP 37 EP 41 DI 10.1016/0893-9659(95)00027-N PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA RD726 UT WOS:A1995RD72600008 ER PT J AU NAMIOKA, T KOIKE, M AF NAMIOKA, T KOIKE, M TI ASPHERIC WAVE-FRONT RECORDING OPTICS FOR HOLOGRAPHIC GRATINGS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE HOLOGRAPHIC GRATING; ASPHERIC GRATING; ABERRATIONS; MONOCHROMATOR; SPECTROGRAPH ID DIFFRACTION GRATINGS AB The geometric theory of aspheric wave-front recording optics is extended to include the fourth-order groove parameters that correspond to the fourth-order holographic terms in the light-path function. We derived explicit expressions of the groove parameters by analytically following an exact ray-tracing procedure for a double-element optical system that consists of a point source, an ellipsoidal mirror, and an ellipsoidal grating blank. Design examples of holographic gratings for an in-plane Eagle-type vacuum-UV monochromator are given to demonstrate the capability of the present theory in the design of aspheric wave-front recording optics. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 10 TC 49 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 13 BP 2180 EP 2186 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA QW018 UT WOS:A1995QW01800003 PM 21037764 ER PT J AU YU, KM MOLL, AJ CHAN, N WALUKIEWICZ, W BECLA, P AF YU, KM MOLL, AJ CHAN, N WALUKIEWICZ, W BECLA, P TI SUBSTITUTIONALITY OF GE ATOMS IN ION-IMPLANTED ALSB SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; INP C1 MIT,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP YU, KM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 18 BP 2406 EP 2408 DI 10.1063/1.113955 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV249 UT WOS:A1995QV24900034 ER PT J AU TALLANT, DR AUERBACH, I HIGGINS, KL AF TALLANT, DR AUERBACH, I HIGGINS, KL TI EVALUATION AND MAPPING OF HEAT-SHIELD FLIGHT TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION WITH RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE TEMPERATURE EVALUATION; RAMAN; CARBON; HEAT SHIELD; CARBON-PHENOLIC PYROLYSIS; GRAPHITE ID CARBON; GRAPHITE AB A Raman spectroscopic technique has been developed which can measure the maximum temperatures experienced by charring heat-shield materials and determine their post-test compositions (char, pyrolysis zone, and virgin resin). The technique has the capabilities of analyzing circular areas less than 0.1 mm in diameter or rectangles 0.1 mm in width and 2 mm in length. It can provide fine detailed surface and internal mappings and perform the analyses rapidly and conveniently in the laboratory following testing or flight recovery. Representative plots of temperature and composition profiles are provided. The data are compared with computations from the Charring Material Ablation (CMA) code. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 49 IS 5 BP 598 EP 604 DI 10.1366/0003702953963968 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA QZ569 UT WOS:A1995QZ56900008 ER PT J AU LU, XD YEUNG, ES AF LU, XD YEUNG, ES TI OPTIMIZATION OF EXCITATION AND DETECTION GEOMETRY FOR MULTIPLEXED CAPILLARY ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS OF DNA FRAGMENTS SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE DNA SEQUENCING; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; LASERS; FLUORESCENCE ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HUMAN GENOME; SEPARATION AB A new on-column excitation and detection geometry for multiplexed array capillary electrophoresis is evaluated. The detection limit is improved 100-fold for the same laser power because of more efficient coupling of the laser beam. The illumination is also more uniform over the entire array. Stray light and cross-talk are effectively suppressed by immersing the capillaries in water to roughly match the refractive index. A charge-coupled-device (CCD) camera combined with cutoff filters provides adequate sensitivity and speed for high-speed DNA sequencing based on sieving in a polymer-matrix solution. C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 15 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 49 IS 5 BP 605 EP 609 DI 10.1366/0003702953963986 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA QZ569 UT WOS:A1995QZ56900009 ER PT J AU BAYLOR, LC BUCHANAN, BR AF BAYLOR, LC BUCHANAN, BR TI REFLECTANCE PROBE FOR URANIUM(VI) BASED ON THE COLORIMETRIC INDICATOR ARSENAZO-III SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Note DE REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SENSOR; URANIUM RP BAYLOR, LC (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 49 IS 5 BP 679 EP 681 DI 10.1366/0003702953964011 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA QZ569 UT WOS:A1995QZ56900021 ER PT J AU NIEMANN, RC SINGH, JP YOUNGDAHL, CA BROCKENBOROUGH, W REY, CM AF NIEMANN, RC SINGH, JP YOUNGDAHL, CA BROCKENBOROUGH, W REY, CM TI PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATIONS OF BI-2223 COMPOSITE POWDER-IN-TUBE CONDUCTOR ELEMENTS SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT-LEADS; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR; CRYOGENIC DEVICES; TEMPERATURE AB A 30 MW superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system for electric utility application is currently under design by Babcock & Wilcox. High-temperature-superconductor (HTS) current leads have been designed to reduce the refrigeration load of the SMES system's 16 kA capacity electrical connection between the 300 K power conditioning system and the 4 K low-temperature-superconductor energy storage magnet. Each lead employs an array of 18 parallel HTS conductor elements. Each conductor element consists of a sintered stack of Bi-2223 HTS powder-in-tube tapes, each having an Au-alloyed Ag sheath. Laboratory performance characterization of preproduction conductor elements included critical current with applied field at 77 and 60 K, thermal and electrical cycling effects, critical current vs axial strain, and end-connection electrical resistivity. Details of the conductor element application and construction are described. The methodology and results of the performance characterization are presented. The testing demonstrates mechanical robustness and electrical stability required for long-term practical application in the SMES system. C1 AMER SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. BABCOCK & WILCOX CO,DIV NAVAL NUCL FUEL,LYNCHBURG,VA 24505. RP NIEMANN, RC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 3 IS 5 BP 237 EP 247 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(95)98436-I PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA TH073 UT WOS:A1995TH07300001 ER PT J AU FLEISCHER, AJ GAUGER, A SEDLMAYR, E AF FLEISCHER, AJ GAUGER, A SEDLMAYR, E TI CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST SHELLS AROUND LONG-PERIOD VARIABLES .3. INSTABILITY DUE TO AN EXTERIOR KAPPA-MECHANISM CAUSED BY DUST FORMATION SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE HYDRODYNAMICS; INSTABILITIES; STARS, CARBON; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER; STARS, MASS-LOSS; STARS, AGE AND POST-AGE ID BRIGHT CARBON STARS; MASS-LOSS RATES; STELLAR WINDS; DRIVEN WINDS; C-STARS; INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; NUCLEATION THEORY; ENVELOPES; ATMOSPHERES; MODELS AB Dynamical models of circumstellar dust shells (CDS) around very luminous carbon-rich long-period variables are presented which include time-dependent hydrodynamics and a detailed treatment of the processes of formation, growth and evaporation of the dust grains. In contrast to our previous calculations, where we assumed that the sinusoidally moving inner boundary simulates the interior pulsation of the star, we now present model calculations, where the velocity of the inner boundary is equal to zero. A new nonlinear effect arises because of the dust opacity: By the backwarming due to the formation of a discrete dust layer, small-amplitude waves are initiated in the innermost region which provide a density enhancement necessary for a new dust formation and growth cycle. It is shown how this mechanism starts in an initially hydrostatic atmosphere and how it is self-maintaining due to the induced waves. Hence, the circumstellar shell mimics a pulsating atmosphere, although this effect is caused by an instability due to the dust formation process. Furthermore, it is shown that this modeling approach yields stationary dust-driven wind models as a limiting case. However, this is only achieved if the dust opacity is neglected in the determination of the temperature in radiative equilibrium or if dust formation is so ineffective that no relevant backwarming occurs. Since very high luminosities and low temperatures are needed for the exterior cc-mechanism to occur by itself, the pure effect as described in this paper probably will not show up in general but only for objects at the very end of their AGE evolution. However, as AGE stars are usually pulsating objects, a complex interaction between the pulsation and the exterior kappa-mechanism is likely to occur in a broader range of parameters. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP FLEISCHER, AJ (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN, INST ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, PN 8-1, HARDENBERGSTR 36, D-10623 BERLIN, GERMANY. NR 45 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 297 IS 2 BP 543 EP 555 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY554 UT WOS:A1995QY55400042 ER PT J AU PALETOU, F AUER, LH AF PALETOU, F AUER, LH TI A NEW APPROXIMATE OPERATOR METHOD FOR PARTIAL FREQUENCY REDISTRIBUTION PROBLEMS SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RADIATIVE TRANSFER; METHODS, NUMERICAL; STARS, ATMOSPHERES; LINES, FORMATION ID QUIESCENT PROMINENCES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SPECTRUM; LINES AB Methods for the solution of non-LTE partial frequency redistribution (PRD) radiative transfer problems are presented. By explicitly treating the partial frequency coherence, convergence difficulties caused by using a Complete Redistribution Approximation are completely overcome. A new core-wing treatment of the redistribution both avoids the explicit solution of the frequency coupled system, and permits the use of simple Approximate Operator Iteration to solve PRD problems extremely efficiently. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP PALETOU, F (reprint author), NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV, POB 3000, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 297 IS 3 BP 771 EP 778 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RA532 UT WOS:A1995RA53200024 ER PT J AU FUJIMOTO, MY SUGIYAMA, K IBEN, I HOLLOWELL, D AF FUJIMOTO, MY SUGIYAMA, K IBEN, I HOLLOWELL, D TI ON POPULATION-III STARS AS GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENSING OBJECTS IN THE GALACTIC-HALO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DARK MATTER; GALAXY, STELLAR CONTENT; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING; STARS, LOW MASS, BROWN DWARFS; STARS, STATISTICS ID BRANCH EVOLUTION; BINARY NATURE; DARK MATTER; MASS; HYDROGEN; BARIUM; ABUNDANCES; ACCRETION; SEQUENCES; GIANTS AB Recent gravitational microlensing experiments by Alcock et al. (1993) and by Aubourg et al. (1993) suggest that the ''dark matter'' in the Galactic halo is very low mass stars and brown dwarfs. If this is true, some of these objects, in particular those in the high-mass tail of the mass distribution, may be luminous enough to be visible. More spatially extended than Population II stars, these objects are expected to be first generation, ''Population III'' stars composed initially of ''primordial'' matter made in the big bang, although their surfaces may now be contaminated by metal-rich gas which they have accreted over their long lives. By utilizing the fact that stellar models of primordial composition evolve into nitrogen-rich carbon stars despite surface polution by accretion, we show that it is possible to probe the intrinsic nature of these lens objects. Using currently available data from a deep survey of the Galactic halo, we estimate the number of potentially observable Population III stars and argue that our estimates are consistent with extant observations. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ASTRON,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FUJIMOTO, MY (reprint author), NIIGATA UNIV,FAC EDUC,PHYS & ASTRON LAB,8050 IKARASHI NI NO CHO,NIIGATA 95021,JAPAN. NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 1 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1086/175592 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV080 UT WOS:A1995QV08000015 ER PT J AU FISCHER, ML CLAPP, A DEVLIN, M GUNDERSEN, JO LANGE, AE LUBIN, PM MEINHOLD, PR RICHARDS, PL SMOOT, GF AF FISCHER, ML CLAPP, A DEVLIN, M GUNDERSEN, JO LANGE, AE LUBIN, PM MEINHOLD, PR RICHARDS, PL SMOOT, GF TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE MILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTRUM OF INTERSTELLAR DUST EMISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DUST, EXTINCTION; ISM, GENERAL; RADIO CONTINUUM, ISM ID COSMIC BACKGROUND-RADIATION; ANISOTROPY MEASUREMENT; SCALE; SUBMILLIMETER; WAVELENGTHS; EXPLORER AB We report measurements of the differential brightness of interstellar dust emission near the Galactic plane and at high Galactic latitudes. The data were obtained as part of a program to measure anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The measurements were made with a 0.degrees 5 beam size and a 1.degrees 3 p-p sinusoidal chop, in broad bands (Delta nu/nu similar to 0.3) centered near frequencies of 6, 9, and 12 cm-l. A measurement made toward the Galactic plane, at longitude l = 23.degrees 7, is compared with the contrast observed in the 100 mu m IRAS data. Assuming the dust emission has a brightness I-nu proportional to nu(n)B(nu)(T-d), where B-nu is the Planck function, a best fit yields n = 1.6 +/- 0.4, T-d = 24 +/- 5 K. In a region near the star mu Pegasi (mu PEG l = 91 degrees, b = -31 degrees), the comparison of our data with the 100 mu m IRAS data yields n = 1.4 +/- 0.4, and T-d = 18 +/- 3 K. In a second region near the star gamma Ursa Minoris (GUM l = 108 degrees, b = 41 degrees), an upper limit is placed on contrast in dust emission. This upper limit is consistent with the spectrum measured at mu PEG and the IRAS 100 mu m emission contrast at GUM, which is similar to 8 times lower than mu PEG. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP FISCHER, ML (reprint author), NSF,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,ARLINGTON,VA, USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 1 BP 226 EP 230 DI 10.1086/175598 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV080 UT WOS:A1995QV08000021 ER PT J AU BECKERSZENDY, R BRATTON, CB BREAULT, J CASPER, D DYE, ST GAJEWSKI, W GOLDHABER, M HAINES, TJ HALVERSON, PG KIELCZEWSKA, D KROPP, WR LEARNED, JG MATSUNO, S MATTHEWS, J MCGRATH, G MCGREW, C MILLER, RS PRICE, L REINES, F SCHULTZ, J SINCLAIR, D SOBEL, HW STONE, JL SULAK, LR SVOBODA, R VANDERVELDE, JC AF BECKERSZENDY, R BRATTON, CB BREAULT, J CASPER, D DYE, ST GAJEWSKI, W GOLDHABER, M HAINES, TJ HALVERSON, PG KIELCZEWSKA, D KROPP, WR LEARNED, JG MATSUNO, S MATTHEWS, J MCGRATH, G MCGREW, C MILLER, RS PRICE, L REINES, F SCHULTZ, J SINCLAIR, D SOBEL, HW STONE, JL SULAK, LR SVOBODA, R VANDERVELDE, JC TI A SEARCH FOR MODERATE-ENERGY AND HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINO EMISSION CORRELATED WITH GAMMA-RAY BURSTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ELEMENTARY PARTICLES; GAMMA RAYS, BURSTS ID DETECTOR AB A temporal correlation analysis between moderate- (60 Mev less than or equal to E(nu) less than or equal to 2500 MeV) and high-energy (E(nu), greater than or equal to 2000 MeV) neutrino interactions within the IMB-3 detector and a catalog of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been performed. The neutrino interactions consist of two types: the moderate-energy interactions that are contained within the volume of IMB-3 and the upward-going muons produced by high-energy nu(mu) interactions in the rock around the detector. No evidence is found for moderate- or high-energy neutrino emission from GRBs nor for any neutrino/neutrino correlation. The nonobservation of nu/GRB correlations allows upper limits to be placed on the neutrino flux associated with GRBs. C1 CLEVELAND STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44115. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT PHYS,IRVINE,CA 92717. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV HAWAII,DEPT PHYS,HONOLULU,HI 96822. MICROBIOL UNIT,DEPT PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP BECKERSZENDY, R (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 444 IS 1 BP 415 EP 418 DI 10.1086/175615 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QV080 UT WOS:A1995QV08000038 ER PT J AU PERATT, AL AF PERATT, AL TI SPECIAL ISSUE - THE 2ND IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY - PREFACE SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP PERATT, AL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/BF00678061 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TA017 UT WOS:A1995TA01700001 ER PT J AU PERATT, AL AF PERATT, AL TI INTRODUCTION TO PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology CY MAY 10-12, 1993 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Natl Sci Fdn, Div Atmospher Sci, NASA Headquarters, Space Phys Div, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE RADIO ASTRONOMY; PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS; LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE; FILAMENTS; FORMATION OF GALAXIES; MAGNETIC FIELDS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; QUASARS; ABUNDANCE OF LIGHT ELEMENTS; REDSHIFTS; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND AB The year 1996 marks the Centennial Celebration of the founding of Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology; its origins may be traced to the seminal research first published by Kristian Birkeland in 1896. This special workshop issue reports on advances in issues of importance to the plasma universe; topics as timely as when first raised a century ago. RP PERATT, AL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1007/BF00678062 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TA017 UT WOS:A1995TA01700002 ER PT J AU PERATT, AL AF PERATT, AL TI PLASMA AND THE UNIVERSE - LARGE-SCALE DYNAMICS, FILAMENTATION, AND RADIATION SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology CY MAY 10-12, 1993 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Natl Sci Fdn, Div Atmospher Sci, NASA Headquarters, Space Phys Div, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE PLASMA COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES; FILAMENTATION; ELECTRICAL CURRENTS; QUASARS; DOUBLE RADIO GALAXIES; JETS ID DOUBLE-LAYERS; EVOLUTION; TRANSITION; GALAXIES AB One of the earliest predictions about the morphology of the universe is that it be filamentary (Alfven, 1950). This prediction followed from the fact that volumewise, the universe is 99.999% matter in the plasma state. When the plasma is energetic, it is generally inhomogeneous with constituent parts in motion. Plasmas in relative motion are coupled by the currents they drive in each other and nonequilibrium plasma often consists of current-conducting filaments. In the laboratory and in the Solar System, filamentary and cellular morphology is a well-known property of plasma. As the properties of the plasma state of matter is believed not to change beyond the range of our space probes, plasma at astrophysical dimensions must also be filamentary. During the 1980s a series of unexpected observations showed filamentary structure on the Galactic, intergalactic, and supergalactic scale. By this time, the analytical intractibility of complex filamentary geometries, intense self-fields, nonlinearities, and explicit time dependence had fostered the development of fully three-dimensional, fully electromagnetic, particle-in-cell simulations of plasmas having the dimensions of galaxies or systems of galaxies. It had been realized that the importance of applying electromagnetism and plasma physics to the problem of radiogalaxy and galaxy formation derived from the fact that the universe is largely a plasma universe. In plasma, electromagnetic forces exceed gravitational forces by a factor of 10(36), and electromagnetism is approximate to 10(7) times stronger than gravity even in neutral hydrogen regions, where the degree of ionization is a miniscule 10(-4). The observational evidence for galactic-dimensioned Birkeland currents is given based on the direct comparison of the synchrotron radiation properties of simulated currents to those of extra-galactic sources including quasars and double radio galaxies. RP PERATT, AL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1007/BF00678070 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TA017 UT WOS:A1995TA01700010 ER PT J AU SNELL, CM PERATT, AL AF SNELL, CM PERATT, AL TI ROTATION VELOCITY AND NEUTRAL HYDROGEN DISTRIBUTION DEPENDENCY ON MAGNETIC-FIELD STRENGTH IN SPIRAL GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology CY MAY 10-12, 1993 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Natl Sci Fdn, Div Atmospher Sci, NASA Headquarters, Space Phys Div, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE PLASMA COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES; DARK MATTER; GALACTIC ROTATION; GALACTIC MAGNETIC FIELDS; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN AB The rotation velocity of a simulated plasma galaxy is compared to the rotation curves of Sc type spiral galaxies. Both show 'flat' rotation curves with velocities of the order of several hundred kilometers per second, modified by E x B instabilities. Maps of the strength and distribution of galactic magnetic fields and neutral hydrogen regions, as-well-as as predictions by particle-in-cell simulations run in the late 1970s, are compared to Effelsberg observations. Agreement between simulation and observation is best when the simulation galaxy masses are identical to the observational masses of spiral galaxies. No dark matter is needed. RP SNELL, CM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1007/BF00678077 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TA017 UT WOS:A1995TA01700017 ER PT J AU HEALY, KR PERATT, AL AF HEALY, KR PERATT, AL TI RADIATION PROPERTIES OF PULSAR MAGNETOSPHERES - OBSERVATION, THEORY, AND EXPERIMENT SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology CY MAY 10-12, 1993 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Natl Sci Fdn, Div Atmospher Sci, NASA Headquarters, Space Phys Div, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE PULSARS; RADIO ASTRONOMY; PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS ID NEBULA AB In the three decades since their discovery, the accumulated body of observational data from pulsar sources puts constraints on models that seek to explain their periodic radiation. This paper reviews this data, reports on a VLA search for haloes predicted by an early model, and reinvestigates a magnetospheric disk-field-aligned-current transmission line system as the origin of the observed radiation, with external wave excitation by as yet an unexplained source. Three dimensional, fully electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations of the pulsar surface and magnetosphere are used to explore the waveshape and polarization properties of the observed radiation. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HEALY, KR (reprint author), NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CTR VERY LARGE ARRAY OPERAT,SOCORRO,NM 87801, USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 253 DI 10.1007/BF00678082 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TA017 UT WOS:A1995TA01700022 ER PT J AU ZAVERI, RA SAYLOR, RD PETERS, LK MCNIDER, R SONG, A AF ZAVERI, RA SAYLOR, RD PETERS, LK MCNIDER, R SONG, A TI A MODEL INVESTIGATION OF SUMMERTIME DIURNAL OZONE BEHAVIOR IN RURAL MOUNTAINOUS LOCATIONS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; OZONE EXPOSURE; HIGH-ELEVATION; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS ID PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANT MODEL; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; SCALE ACID DEPOSITION; DRY DEPOSITION; HIGH-ELEVATION; SURFACE OZONE; FOREST; URBAN; SIMULATION; EXPOSURE AB The STEM-II pollutant transport, transformation, and deposition model has been used to simulate diurnal patterns of surface ozone concentration at idealized high-elevation mountaintop locations and low-elevation plains and valley sites. Two-dimensional hydrostatic mesoscale simulations, initialized with atmospheric conditions representative of sunrise over the southern Appalachians on 19 June, were used to generate meteorological data to drive STEM-II simulations. Sensitivity of surface ozone concentrations has been investigated against input initial and background vertical profiles, synoptic wind speed,, photochemistry, and surface removal. The model reproduced typical surface ozone concentration diurnal patterns observed at several high- and low-elevation sites in the United States and central Europe. Results indicate that the nighttime high ozone concentrations at high-elevation mountainous locations are primarily due to the occurrence of local topographically induced wind systems which transport ozone-rich air from aloft down mountain slopes. The simulations indicate that in some situations higher ozone concentrations may also be observed at mountaintop locations due to transport of residual ozone-rich air masses above the nocturnal boundary layer to high-elevation locations. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, EARTH SYST SCI LAB, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35899 USA. RP ZAVERI, RA (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. RI Saylor, Rick/D-1252-2014; OI Saylor, Rick/0000-0003-4835-8290; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807 NR 37 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1043 EP 1065 DI 10.1016/1352-2310(94)00319-G PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RD130 UT WOS:A1995RD13000009 ER PT J AU Garbisu, C Gonzalez, S Yang, WH Yee, BC Carlson, DL Yee, A Smith, NR Otero, R Buchanan, BB Leighton, T AF Garbisu, C Gonzalez, S Yang, WH Yee, BC Carlson, DL Yee, A Smith, NR Otero, R Buchanan, BB Leighton, T TI Physiological mechanisms regulating the conversion of selenite to elemental selenium by Bacillus subtilis SO BIOFACTORS LA English DT Article AB We have demonstrated that the common soil bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, reduces selenite to an insoluble and much less toxic product - the red form of elemental selenium. Reduction was effected by an inducible system that appears to deposit elemental selenium between the cell wall and the plasma membrane. Glucose and sucrose supported selenite reduction. Although malate and citrate supported growth, no significant reduction of selenite occurred, indicating the importance of the redox state of the culture substrate. Selenite reduction in the millimolar concentration range (i.e., cultures supplemented with 1 mM selenite) was not affected by a ten-fold excess of nitrate or sulfate - compounds that serve as alternate electron acceptors and antagonize selenite reduction by anaerobic bacteria. Similarly, nitrite and sulfite did not significantly affect the rate or extent of selenite reduction. B. subtilis was able to grow and produce selenium (Se degrees) at selenite concentrations ranging from 0.6 muM to 5 mM (50 ppb to 395 ppm: selenium). At the lowest selenite concentration tested, 50 ppb selenium, B. subtilis removed 95% of the selenite from the liquid phase. The results suggest that selenite is reduced via an inducible detoxification system rather than dissimilatory electron transport. The findings establish the potential utility of B. subtilis for the bioremediation of selenite-polluted sites. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Biol Sci, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. Turabo Univ, Dept Biol, Gurabo, PR USA. Jackson State Univ, Dept Biol, Jackson, MS USA. RP Garbisu, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Garbisu, Carlos/D-1942-2012; Garbisu, Carlos/G-1908-2014 OI Garbisu, Carlos/0000-0002-5577-6151; NR 22 TC 41 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0951-6433 J9 BIOFACTORS JI Biofactors PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 29 EP 37 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V3215 UT WOS:000171895700006 PM 7546216 ER PT J AU KRAFT, LW KUSUBOV, N BALDO, J CARTER, C ROBERTSON, L NORDAHL, TE AF KRAFT, LW KUSUBOV, N BALDO, J CARTER, C ROBERTSON, L NORDAHL, TE TI REGIONAL CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM DURING STROOP TASK IN PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENICS SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SACRAMENTO,CA 95817. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR FUNCT IMAGING,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiat. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 37 IS 9 BP 680 EP 680 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(95)94724-B PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA QX037 UT WOS:A1995QX03700315 ER PT J AU HUMMER, G GARCIA, AE SOUMPASIS, DM AF HUMMER, G GARCIA, AE SOUMPASIS, DM TI HYDRATION OF NUCLEIC-ACID FRAGMENTS - COMPARISON OF THEORY AND EXPERIMENT FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES OF RNA, DNA, AND DNA-DRUG COMPLEXES SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DEOXYDINUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHATE COMPLEX; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; WATER-MOLECULES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; LIQUID WATER; MONTE-CARLO; PROFLAVINE; SALT; DCPG/PROFLAVIN; DINUCLEOSIDE AB A computationally efficient method to describe the organization of water around solvated biomolecules is presented. It is based on a statistical mechanical expression for the water-density distribution in terms of particle correlation functions. The method is applied to analyze the hydration of small nucleic acid molecules in the crystal environment, for which high-resolution x-ray crystal structures have been reported. Results for RNA [r(ApU) . r[ApU)] and DNA [d(CpG) . d(CpG) in Z form and with parallel strand orientation] and for DNA-drug complexes [d(CpG) . d(CpG) with the drug proflavine intercalated] are described. A detailed comparison of theoretical and experimental data shows positional agreement for the experimentally observed water sites. The presented method can be used for refinement of the water structure in x-ray crystallography, hydration analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance structures, and theoretical modeling of biological macromolecules such as molecular docking studies. The speed of the computations allows hydration analyses of molecules of almost arbitrary size (tRNA, protein-nucleic acid complexes, etc.) in the crystal environment and in aqueous solution. C1 MAX PLANCK INST BIOPHYS CHEM,BIOCOMP GRP,D-37018 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. RP HUMMER, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP T10,MAIL STOP K710,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 49 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 68 IS 5 BP 1639 EP 1652 PG 14 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA RH658 UT WOS:A1995RH65800001 PM 7542034 ER PT J AU SUPERKO, HR AF SUPERKO, HR TI SOPHISTICATED PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTION IS COST-EFFECTIVE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHOLESTEROL; COST ANALYSIS; LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASS; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SMALL LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AB Large clinical trials involving lipoprotein therapy and clinical end-points or arteriographic change have demonstrated a significant reduction in cardiovascular events and the need for cardiovascular procedures. Clinical end-point trials that used relatively weak treatment modalities have resulted in reduced clinical events and when the cost savings of the reduced number of events is balanced against the cost of treatment, the average difference is approximately US$1,500/patient/year. Arteriographic trials have used similar or more aggressive lipoprotein therapy over shorter periods of time. Similar estimates of cost savings from reduced clinical events balanced against the cost of treatment indicates a wide spectrum of estimated patient costs. These estimates range between a cost of $2,273/patient/year, to a cost savings of -$901/patient/year. Extrapolation to the United States population with coronary artery disease (CAD) suggests that greater than $1 billion per year could be saved if CAD patients received similar treatment and responded in a similar manner. RP SUPERKO, HR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,SEQUOIA HOSP,INST LIPID,170 ALAMEDA PULGAS,REDWOOD CITY,CA 94062, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE ON L6J 7L6, CANADA SN 0828-282X J9 CAN J CARDIOL JI Can. J. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 11 SU C BP C35 EP C40 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TB488 UT WOS:A1995TB48800008 PM 7750048 ER PT J AU SUPERKO, HR AF SUPERKO, HR TI NEW ASPECTS IN LIPIDOLOGY AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHOLESTEROL; LIPOPROTEINS; LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASS; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SMALL LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AB Recent advances in lipidology and metabolic aspects of atherosclerosis allow detailed coronary artery disease (CAD) risk assessment that is of clinical relevance. Genetic dyslipidemias can be identified in over 75% of CAD patients and include the atherosclerosis susceptibility trait (low density lipoprotein [LDL] pattern B), hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, lipoprotein (a), apo E isoforms, and lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidative damage, The inherited amino acid disorder homocysteinemia is present in approximately 20% of CAD patients and is easily treated. Recent studies have highlighted significant differences in response to diet and drug therapy hat can be predicted based on the presence or absence of these traits. RP SUPERKO, HR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,SEQUOIA HOSP,INST LIPID,170 ALAMEDA PULGAS,REDWOOD CITY,CA 94062, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE ON L6J 7L6, CANADA SN 0828-282X J9 CAN J CARDIOL JI Can. J. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 11 SU C BP C4 EP C8 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TB488 UT WOS:A1995TB48800002 PM 7750049 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, AH COOK, ER SICCAMA, TG BATTLES, JJ MCLAUGHLIN, SB LEBLANC, DC WARGO, PM AF JOHNSON, AH COOK, ER SICCAMA, TG BATTLES, JJ MCLAUGHLIN, SB LEBLANC, DC WARGO, PM TI SYNCHRONIC LARGE-SCALE DISTURBANCES AND RED SPRUCE GROWTH DECLINE - COMMENT SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Discussion ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; WINTER INJURY; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NEW-YORK; WHITEFACE MOUNTAIN; NORTHERN APPALACHIANS; FOREST DECLINE; COLD TOLERANCE; CRAWFORD-NOTCH; CLIMATE C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,LAMONT DOHERTY EARTH OBSERV,TREE RING LAB,PALISADES,NY 10964. YALE UNIV,SCH FORESTRY & ENVIRONM STUDIES,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. BALL STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MUNCIE,IN 47306. US FOREST SERV,HAMDEN,CT 06514. RP JOHNSON, AH (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT GEOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Battles, John/G-8233-2012 OI Battles, John/0000-0001-7124-7893 NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 25 IS 5 BP 851 EP 858 DI 10.1139/x95-093 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA RG604 UT WOS:A1995RG60400019 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, EP ORZA, MJ BERLIN, JA NICHOLSON, WJ TODD, AC CHALMERS, TC AF WASHBURN, EP ORZA, MJ BERLIN, JA NICHOLSON, WJ TODD, AC CHALMERS, TC TI ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS AND CHILDHOOD-CANCER - METAANALYSIS - REPLY SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Editorial Material ID METAANALYSIS; QUALITY; TRIALS C1 US GEN ACCOUNTING OFF,PROGRAM EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC. US GEN ACCOUNTING OFF,DIV METHODOL,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA. MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT COMMUNITY MED,NEW YORK,NY. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. METAWORKS INC,BOSTON,MA. RP WASHBURN, EP (reprint author), US DOE,OFF INT HLTH STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD MAY PY 1995 VL 6 IS 3 BP 277 EP 279 DI 10.1007/BF00051800 PG 3 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA QX940 UT WOS:A1995QX94000011 ER PT J AU WU, RW WU, EM THOMPSON, LH FELTON, JS AF WU, RW WU, EM THOMPSON, LH FELTON, JS TI IDENTIFICATION OF APRT GENE-MUTATIONS INDUCED IN REPAIR-DEFICIENT AND P450-EXPRESSING CHO CELLS BY THE FOOD-RELATED MUTAGEN/CARCINOGEN, PHIP SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHINESE-HAMSTER; 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES; DNA-SEQUENCE; COOKED BEEF; MUTAGENESIS AB We investigated the specific sequence changes produced by the dietary mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in UV5P3 cells [a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line]. Sequence analysis of the PhIP-induced mutations in the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (aprt) gene, which is heterozygous in the UV5P3 cells, can provide insight into the mutagenic mechanism in these repair-deficient cells expressing P4501A2. Two allele-specific 20 mer oligonucleotide primer pairs were used in the polymerase chain reaction and the allele of interest was amplified. Single-base transversions occurred in 31/32 PhIP-induced mutants; of these, 6 were A . T-->T . A, 18 were C . G-->A . T and 6 were G . C-->T . A. Twenty of the 30 changes altered specific amino acid sequences and the other 10 resulted in a stop codon. One mutant had a change from C . G-->G . C at the 3' splice site of intron 4, thereby creating a new AG splice acceptor site. Another mutant had an insertion of T within a run of repeated sequences and resulted in a frameshift mutation. There were three 'hot-spots', two at the 3' end of exon 2 and one at the beginning of exon 3; 6 (19%) mutants showed a change from A . T-->T . A (exon 2, amino acid residue 57), 11 (34%) mutants from C . G-->A . T (exon 2, amino acid residue 62), and 7 (22%) mutants from C . G-->A . T (exon 3, amino acid residue 66). Consequently, 75 % of the mutations were observed at these three sites. In contrast, none of the 20 spontaneous mutants had alterations at these hotspot sites. The mutations induced by PHIP in these repair-deficient CHO cells were unique and specific, and suggest that these sequences, if found in important genes controlling cell replication and survival, may be more susceptible to mutation from these food mutagens than genes not containing these sequences. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP WU, RW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAY PY 1995 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1207 EP 1213 DI 10.1093/carcin/16.5.1207 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA QZ456 UT WOS:A1995QZ45600034 PM 7767987 ER PT J AU GABBARD, A AF GABBARD, A TI RESULTS OF COST-CUTTING SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Letter RP GABBARD, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 73 IS 18 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA QV707 UT WOS:A1995QV70700002 ER PT J AU ZALENSKY, AO ALLEN, MJ KOBAYASHI, A ZALENSKAYA, IA BALHORN, R AF ZALENSKY, AO ALLEN, MJ KOBAYASHI, A ZALENSKAYA, IA BALHORN, R TI WELL-DEFINED GENOME ARCHITECTURE IN THE HUMAN SPERM NUCLEUS SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TELOMERIC DNA-SEQUENCES; INTERPHASE CHROMOSOMES; HUMAN SPERMATOZOA; REPETITIVE DNA; SATELLITE DNA; ORGANIZATION; LOCALIZATION; CENTROMERES AB Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, conventional epifluorescence microscopy, and laser scanning confocal microscopy followed by three-dimensional reconstruction we describe a well-defined higher order packaging of the human genome in the sperm cell nucleus. This was determined by the spatial localization of centromere and telomere regions of all chromosomes and supported by localization of subtelomere sequences of chromosome 3 and the entire chromosome 2. The nuclear architecture in the human sperm is characterized by the clustering of the 23 centromeres into a compact chromocenter positioned well inside the nucleus. The ends of the chromosomes are exposed to the nuclear periphery where both the subtelomere and the telomere sequences of the chromosome arms are joined into dimers. Thus chromosomes in the human sperm nucleus are looped into a hairpin-like configuration. The biological implications of this nuclear architecture in spermatogenesis and male pronuclear formation following fertilization are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ZALENSKY, AO (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 50 TC 136 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD MAY PY 1995 VL 103 IS 9 BP 577 EP 590 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA QZ591 UT WOS:A1995QZ59100001 PM 7587580 ER PT J AU EBBINGHAUS, BB AF EBBINGHAUS, BB TI THERMODYNAMICS OF GAS-PHASE CHROMIUM SPECIES - THE CHROMIUM CHLORIDES, OXYCHLORIDES, FLUORIDES, OXYFLUORIDES, HYDROXIDES, OXYHYDROXIDES, MIXED OXYFLUOROCHLOROHYDROXIDES, AND VOLATILITY CALCULATIONS IN WASTE INCINERATION PROCESSES SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRIC INVESTIGATIONS; QUADRATIC FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; OXIDE; MOLYBDENUM; CRO2CL2; SPECTRA; TETRAFLUORIDE; HEXAFLUORIDE AB The thermodynamics of 12 gaseous chromium chlorides and oxychlorides and 12 gaseous chromium fluorides and oxyfluorides are assessed for application to chromium volatility calculations in thermal oxidation processes such as waste incineration. A method is also proposed for estimating the thermodynamics for mixed chromium oxyfluorochlorohydroxide species which contain varying proportions of oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, and hydroxide. The thermodynamic functions, C-p(0)(T) and -(G(0)(T) - H-0(298))/T, and the thermodynamic constants, S-0(298) and H-0(298) - H-0(0), for the gaseous chromium chlorides, oxychlorides, fluorides, and oxyfluorides are evaluated by the molecular constant method using molecular parameters taken from the literature or estimated from known constants for related vapor species. The enthalpies of formation of the gaseous chromium chlorides, oxychlorides, fluorides, and oxyfluorides are assessed based on available data in the literature. In some cases, only minimum values of the standard formation enthalpies can be established. The thermodynamic constants, S-0(298), Delta H-f(0)(298), and H-0(298) - H-0(0), are tabulated for all 12 chloride and oxychloride and all 12 fluoride and oxyfluoride gaseous species. Likewise, the thermodynamic functions, -(G(0)(T)- H-0(298))/T and C-p(0)(T), are tabulated in polynomial form as a function of temperature. In addition, the Delta H-f(0)(298) values for many of the chromium hydroxides and oxyhydroxides have been recalculated based on the revised Delta H-f(0)(298) values for the chromium chlorides, oxychlorides, fluorides, and oxyfluorides given herein. A general assessment of the volatility of chromium in waste incineration processes at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1600 K with p(HCl) = 0.010 atm and p(HF)= 0.0032 atm yields CrO2Cl2(g) as the dominant oxychloride and CrO2F2(g) as the dominant oxyfluoride species except at higher temperatures where CrO2Cl(g) and CrOCl2(g) are important and where CrO2F(g) and CrOF(g) dominate. In addition to these oxychloride and oxyfluoride vapor species, other species such as CrO2(OH)(2)(g), CrO2ClOH(g), and CrO2FOH(g) are expected to be important. At higher temperatures, CrO3(g), CrOClOH(g), CrO2OH(g), CrO(OH)(2)(g), and CrOOH(g) also contribute to the overall chromium volatility. RP EBBINGHAUS, BB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 66 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 1995 VL 101 IS 3 BP 311 EP 338 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(94)00215-E PG 28 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA QW029 UT WOS:A1995QW02900009 ER PT J AU COHEN, BI BARNES, DC DAWSON, JM HAMMETT, GW LEE, WW KERBEL, GD LEBOEUF, JN LIEWER, PC TAJIMA, T WALTZ, RE AF COHEN, BI BARNES, DC DAWSON, JM HAMMETT, GW LEE, WW KERBEL, GD LEBOEUF, JN LIEWER, PC TAJIMA, T WALTZ, RE TI THE NUMERICAL TOKAMAK PROJECT - SIMULATION OF TURBULENT TRANSPORT SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID GYROKINETIC PARTICLE SIMULATION; DRIFT INSTABILITIES; TOROIDAL GEOMETRY; FLUID MODELS AB Three-dimensional fluid and kinetic models are being used to simulate the turbulent confinement of energy and plasma in the core of tokamaks. These simulations represent a qualitative improvement in the realism with which they model large tokamak experiments, because they use realistic plasma parameters and incorporate important geometrical effects. The combination of algorithm improvements and the application of high-performance computing methodology including the use of massively parallel computers has enabled dramatic improvements in simulation capability. A consortium of research groups from universities and national laboratories are collaborating in this effort which is entitled the Numerical Tokamak Project and is supported in part by the High Performance Computing and Communications Initiative. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,NATL ENERGY RES SUPERCOMP CTR,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. UNIV TEXAS,INST FUS STUDIES,AUSTIN,TX 78712. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP COHEN, BI (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00166-Y PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900002 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DV SHUMAKER, DE AF ANDERSON, DV SHUMAKER, DE TI HYBRID ORDERED PARTICLE SIMULATION (HOPS) CODE FOR PLASMA MODELING ON VECTOR-SERIAL, VECTOR-PARALLEL, AND MASSIVELY-PARALLEL COMPUTERS8 SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT AB The Hybrid Ordered Particle Simulation (HOPS) code has been developed to provide a more efficient method for carrying out particle-in-cell (PIG) simulations of plasma phenomena. Conventional PIC methods store the particle attributes in tables that tend to have a random spatial order, which was appropriate for older serial-scalar computers. Problems associated with excessive accessing of memory, indirect indexing, and with many-to-one mappings in the deposition phase can make these codes inefficient on vector-serial, vector-parallel, and massively parallel machines. In the HOPS code we employ a sorting scheme to keep the particles ordered with respect to their spatial positions. By doing so, we have reduced memory accesses, recovered substantial direct indexing, and most importantly removed the many-to-one mapping problem. A low overhead sorting and reordering scheme is presented which allows HOPS to be most efficient on vector-serial machines and which scales linearly tc, various kinds of parallel computers. This paper focuses on the Gray C-90 vector-parallel computer but also discusses aspects of a massively parallel implementation. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, NATL ENERGY RES SUPERCOMP CTR, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 16 EP 34 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00175-2 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900003 ER PT J AU KRALL, NA ROSENTHAL, SE AF KRALL, NA ROSENTHAL, SE TI A TECHNIQUE FOR INCLUDING 3D PLASMA TURBULENCE IN A 2-DIMENSIONAL PLASMA SIMULATION SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; DIODE AB A technique for including 3-dimensional turbulence in 2-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations is described and validated. The technique is based on introducing velocity kicks to the particles in a way that directly connects the velocity kicks with a calculated turbulent diffusion coefficient. The validation is done by simulating both time dependent and steady state diffusive plasma flows for situations in which the plasma behavior, including a nonclassical diffusion coefficient, can be calculated analytically, so that the simulation results and analytic results can be compared and shown to be identical. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. KRALL ASSOCIATES,DEL MAR,CA 92014. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 116 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00181-Z PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900007 ER PT J AU LAPENTA, G BRACKBILL, JU AF LAPENTA, G BRACKBILL, JU TI CONTROL OF THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES IN FLUID AND MHD PARTICLE-IN-CELL METHODS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION SCHEME; FLIP AB We describe an algorithm to control the number of particles in fluid, particle-in-cell calculations. In problems with large variations in mass density or grid spacing, the ability to increase or decrease the number of particles in each cell of the mesh becomes essential. Here, a cell-by-cell replacement algorithm which preserves grid data and positivity of the particle data, where appropriate, is described. The algorithm preserves contact discontinuities, introduces little diffusion, and adds little or nothing to the cost of a calculation. RP LAPENTA, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-3,MS B216,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 139 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00180-A PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900009 ER PT J AU VAHEDI, V SURENDRA, M AF VAHEDI, V SURENDRA, M TI A MONTE-CARLO COLLISION MODEL FOR THE PARTICLE-IN-CELL METHOD - APPLICATIONS TO ARGON AND OXYGEN DISCHARGES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RF GLOW-DISCHARGES; SIMULATIONS; ELECTRONS; HELIUM AB In order to use particle-in-cell (PIG) simulation codes for modeling collisional plasmas and self-sustained discharges, it is necessary to add interactions between charged and neutral particles. In conventional Monte Carlo schemes the time or distance between collisions for each particle is calculated using random numbers, This procedure allows for efficient algorithms but is not compatible with PIC simulations where the charged particle trajectories are all integrated simultaneously in time. A Monte Carlo collision (MCC) package including the null collision method has been developed, as an addition to the usual PIC charged particle scheme which will be discussed here. We will also present results from simulations of argon and oxygen discharges, and compare our argon simulation results with experimental measurements. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP VAHEDI, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 45 TC 455 Z9 478 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 179 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00171-W PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900011 ER PT J AU VERBONCOEUR, JP LANGDON, AB GLADD, NT AF VERBONCOEUR, JP LANGDON, AB GLADD, NT TI AN OBJECT-ORIENTED ELECTROMAGNETIC PIC CODE SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LOCALIZATION AB The object-oriented paradigm provides an opportunity for advanced PIC modeling, increased flexibility, and extensibility. Particle-in-cell codes for simulating plasmas are traditionally written in structured FORTRAN or C. This has resulted in large legacy codes which are difficult to maintain and extend with new models. In this ongoing research, we apply the object-oriented design technique to address these issues. The resulting code architecture, OOPIC (object-oriented particle-in-cell), is a two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic PIC code. The object-oriented implementation of the algorithms is described, including an integral-form field solve, and a piecewise current deposition and particle position update. The architecture encapsulates key PIC algorithms and data into objects, simplifying extensions such as new boundary conditions and field algorithms. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP VERBONCOEUR, JP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ELECTR RES LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 392 Z9 417 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00173-Y PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900012 ER PT J AU REYNDERS, JVW FORSLUND, DW HINKER, PJ THOLBURN, M KILMAN, DG HUMPHREY, WF AF REYNDERS, JVW FORSLUND, DW HINKER, PJ THOLBURN, M KILMAN, DG HUMPHREY, WF TI OOPS - AN OBJECT-ORIENTED PARTICLE SIMULATION CLASS LIBRARY FOR DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB A general purpose, object-oriented particle simulation (OOPS) library has been developed for use on a variety of system architectures with a uniform high-level interface. This includes the development of library implementations for the CM5, PVM clusters, and the CRI T3D. Codes written on any of these platforms can be ported to other platforms without modifications by utilizing the high-level library. The general character of the library allows application tc, such diverse areas as plasma physics, suspension flows, vortex simulations, porous media, and materials science. RP REYNDERS, JVW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ADV COMP LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. OI Forslund, David/0000-0002-6534-3392 NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 212 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00172-X PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900013 ER PT J AU WARREN, MS SALMON, JK AF WARREN, MS SALMON, JK TI A PORTABLE PARALLEL PARTICLE PROGRAM SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HYDRODYNAMICS; ALGORITHM; DYNAMICS; SPH AB We describe our implementation of the parallel hashed oct-tree (HOT) code, and in particular its application to neighbor finding in a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code. We also review the error bounds on the multipole approximations involved in treecodes, and extend them to include general cell-cell interactions. Performance of the program on a variety of problems (including gravity, SPH, vortex method and panel method) is measured on several parallel and sequential machines. C1 CALTECH,DEPT PHYS,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP WARREN, MS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-3,MAIL STOP B216,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Warren, Michael/0000-0002-1218-7904 NR 36 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 266 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00177-4 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900017 ER PT J AU BRACKBILL, JU EASTWOOD, JW AF BRACKBILL, JU EASTWOOD, JW TI THEMATIC ISSUE ON PARTICLE SIMULATION METHODS - PREFACE SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 CULHAM LAB,ABINGDON OX14 3DB,OXON,ENGLAND. RP BRACKBILL, JU (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP R11 EP R11 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)90003-9 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RB389 UT WOS:A1995RB38900001 ER PT J AU KUTTEH, R NICHOLAS, JB AF KUTTEH, R NICHOLAS, JB TI EFFICIENT DIPOLE ITERATION IN POLARIZABLE CHARGED SYSTEMS USING THE CELL MULTIPOLE METHOD AND APPLICATION TO POLARIZABLE WATER SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LIQUID WATER; MODEL AB The fast multipole method (FMM) and its Cartesian version, the cell multipole method (CMM),allow efficient computation of Coulomb energy and forces in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In another work [R. Kutteh and J.B, Nicholas, Implementing the cell multipole method for dipolar and charged dipolar systems, Comput. Phys. Commun., this issue], we implemented CMM for efficient and accurate computation of the energy and forces in dipolar and charged dipolar systems. While CMM provides an efficient way of computing energy and forces in large polarizable systems, the self-consistent dipole iteration remains a computational bottleneck in simulations of these systems. In this paper, we apply CMM (single-level) to substantially reduce the single-iteration time. We further reduce the single-iteration time using a refined CMM iterative algorithm. In addition, we introduce an iterative predictor scheme to reduce the number of iterations to self-consistency. We apply these algorithms to polarizable water using the polarizable SPC (PSPC) model. The ''refined CMM/predictor'' iterative algorithm is shown to be accurate and extremely efficient. It removes the dipole iteration computational bottleneck in simulations of large polarizable systems. RP KUTTEH, R (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 86 IS 3 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00019-X PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA QW211 UT WOS:A1995QW21100002 ER PT J AU KUTTEH, R NICHOLAS, JB AF KUTTEH, R NICHOLAS, JB TI IMPLEMENTING THE CELL MULTIPOLE METHOD FOR DIPOLAR AND CHARGED DIPOLAR SYSTEMS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; WATER; ALGORITHM AB Recently, substantial progress has been made in reducing the cost of computing Coulomb sums in fields such as astrophysics and molecular dynamics (MD). This has culminated in the fast multipole method (FMM), and its Cartesian counterpart, the cell multipole method (CMM). In MD simulations, these methods provide efficient and accurate algorithms for computing the energy and forces of charge-charge interactions. However, dipolar interactions are as important and as challenging to compute. In this paper we implement the cell multipole method (CMM) for dipolar domains. This CMM implementation is an accurate and efficient approach for computing interactions in million-particle dipolar systems. In addition, we use CMM to treat systems of permanent dipoles and induced dipoles, permanent charges and permanent dipoles, and permanent charges and induced dipoles. We derive and discuss expressions for accurate and efficient computation of all interactions in these systems. The approach is also applicable to polarizable charged dipolar systems. Finally, we apply one-level CMM and hierarchical CMM to arbitrary dipolar systems and discuss accuracy and speed. The hierarchical implementation of CMM is shown to scale linearly with the number of dipoles. RP KUTTEH, R (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 86 IS 3 BP 236 EP 254 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(94)00020-3 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA QW211 UT WOS:A1995QW21100003 ER PT J AU REIDER, MB STERLING, JD AF REIDER, MB STERLING, JD TI ACCURACY OF DISCRETE-VELOCITY BGK MODELS FOR THE SIMULATION OF THE INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; LATTICE-GAS AUTOMATA; BOLTZMANN-EQUATION AB The lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has been used as a Navier-Stokes CFD method since its introduction in 1988. The LB method is a Lagrangian discretization of a discrete-velocity Boltzmann equation. We introduce an alternative, fourth-order discretization scheme and compare results with those of the LB discretization and with finite-difference schemes applied to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in primitive-variable form. A Chapman-Enskog expansion of the PDE system predicts that the macroscopic behavior corresponds to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with additional 'compressibility error' of order Mach number squared. We numerically demonstrate convergence of the BGK schemes to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and quantify the errors associated with compressibility and discretization effects. When compressibility error is smaller than discretization error, convergence in both grid spacing and time step is shown to be second-order for the LB method and is confirmed to be fourth-order for the fourth-order BGK solver. However, when the compressibility error is simultaneously reduced as the grid is refined, the LB method behaves as a first-order scheme in time. C1 ADV PROJECTS RES INC,MOORPARK,CA 93021. RP REIDER, MB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,MS-B258,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7930 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PD MAY PY 1995 VL 24 IS 4 BP 459 EP 467 DI 10.1016/0045-7930(94)00037-Y PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA QX702 UT WOS:A1995QX70200009 ER PT J AU LISKA, R MARGOLIN, L WENDROFF, B AF LISKA, R MARGOLIN, L WENDROFF, B TI NONHYDROSTATIC 2-LAYER MODELS OF INCOMPRESSIBLE-FLOW SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE INCOMPRESSIBLE; NONHYDROSTATIC; 2-LAYER; GREEN-NAGHDI; ILL-POSED ID OCEAN; WAVES AB Several reduced dimension two layer models of incompressible flow are developed. These are natural extensions of the Green-Naghdi dispersive single layer shallow water model. It is shown that the resulting system of partial differential equations is essentially ill-posed, in agreement with the classic Helmholtz instability, but that a fourth order dissipation has a regularizing effect. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP LISKA, R (reprint author), CZECH TECH UNIV,FAC NUCL SCI & PHYS ENGN,BREHOVA 7,CR-11519 PRAGUE 1,CZECH REPUBLIC. RI Liska, Richard/C-3142-2009 OI Liska, Richard/0000-0002-6149-0440 NR 19 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 9 BP 25 EP 37 DI 10.1016/0898-1221(95)00035-W PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QR345 UT WOS:A1995QR34500002 ER PT J AU HUGHES, RJ ALDE, DM DYER, P LUTHER, GG MORGAN, GL SCHAUER, M AF HUGHES, RJ ALDE, DM DYER, P LUTHER, GG MORGAN, GL SCHAUER, M TI QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY SO CONTEMPORARY PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID OPTICAL-FIBER; BEAM SPLITTER; BELL THEOREM; PRIVACY; PHOTONS; CANNOT; ALWAYS; SU(2) AB Quantum cryptography is a new method for secret communications offering the ultimate security assurance of the inviolability of a law of nature. In this paper we shall describe the theory of quantum cryptography, its potential relevance and the development of a prototype system at Los Alamos, which utilizes the phenomenon of single-photon interference to perform quantum cryptography over an optical fibre communications link. RP HUGHES, RJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 78 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0010-7514 EI 1366-5812 J9 CONTEMP PHYS JI Contemp. Phys. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 149 EP 163 DI 10.1080/00107519508222149 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RV235 UT WOS:A1995RV23500002 ER PT J AU BRISARD, GM RUDNICKI, JD MCLARNON, F CAIRNS, EJ AF BRISARD, GM RUDNICKI, JD MCLARNON, F CAIRNS, EJ TI APPLICATION OF PROBE BEAM DEFLECTION TO STUDY THE ELECTROOXIDATION OF COPPER IN ALKALINE MEDIA SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE PROBE BEAM DEFLECTION; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; COPPER; OXIDATION; ALKALINE SOLUTIONS ID CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; ANODIC-OXIDATION; PASSIVE COPPER; INSITU; SPECTROSCOPY; VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTRODES; REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR AB The reaction mechanism of the electrooxidation of copper was investigated in alkaline solutions, from pH 12 to 14, using probe beam deflection. The application of this technique simultaneously with electrochemical experiments provides useful information concerning the chemical species formed from electrochemical as well as chemical reactions involved during the formation and dissolution of copper oxides. The concentration gradients at the electrode-electrolyte interface provide distinctive patterns showing significant changes in the corrosion behavior of the copper with increasing pH. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BRISARD, GM (reprint author), UNIV SHERBROOKE,DEPT CHEM,2500 BLVD UNIV,SHERBROOKE,PQ J1K 2R1,CANADA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 29 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAY PY 1995 VL 40 IS 7 BP 859 EP 865 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(94)00360-D PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA QZ838 UT WOS:A1995QZ83800009 ER PT J AU WARNE, LK AF WARNE, LK TI EDDY-CURRENT POWER DISSIPATION AT SHARP CORNERS - RECTANGULAR CONDUCTOR EXAMPLES SO ELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article AB The conformal mapping solution to the rectangular slot aperture having depth is briefly reviewed. The inverse of the internal impedance per unit length is calculated by means of the usual method of using the perfectly conducting current or magnetic field distribution and the surface impedance. The connection between the local edge magnetic field strength and the global slot magnetic flux per unit length is determined. The conformal mapping solution and internal impedance per unit length (determined by the usual method) for the single rectangular conductor are briefly reviewed. The connection between the local edge magnetic field strength and the global conductor current is determined. The results obtained in this paper are of direct interest, but are also used in future papers to obtain the internal impedance per unit length, including local impedance corrections for right angle corners of arbitrary ratios of internal-to-external magnetic permeabilities. RP WARNE, LK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ELECTROMAGNET ANAL & TEST,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0272-6343 J9 ELECTROMAGNETICS JI Electromagnetics PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 15 IS 3 BP 273 EP 290 DI 10.1080/02726349508908419 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QZ178 UT WOS:A1995QZ17800005 ER PT J AU PENNER, SS APPLEBY, AJ BAKER, BS BATES, JL BUSS, LB DOLLARD, WJ FARNS, PJ GILLIS, EA GUNSHER, JA KHANDKAR, A KRUMPELT, M OSULLIVAN, JB RUNTE, G SAVINELL, RF SELMAN, JR SHORES, DA TARMAN, P AF PENNER, SS APPLEBY, AJ BAKER, BS BATES, JL BUSS, LB DOLLARD, WJ FARNS, PJ GILLIS, EA GUNSHER, JA KHANDKAR, A KRUMPELT, M OSULLIVAN, JB RUNTE, G SAVINELL, RF SELMAN, JR SHORES, DA TARMAN, P TI COMMERCIALIZATION OF FUEL-CELLS SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE; OXYGEN REDUCTION; GAS-DIFFUSION; DIRECT OXIDATION; PLATINUM; METHANOL; NAFION; ELECTROOXIDATION; MEMBRANE; PERFORMANCE AB This is a summary report on the commercialization status for stationary-power applications of phosphoric acid, molten carbonate, solid oxide, and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. ERC, DANBURY, CT 06813 USA. ALLIEDSIGNAL INC, AEROSP SYST & EQUIPMENT, TORRANCE, CA 90504 USA. WESTINGHOUSE ELECT CORP, CTR SCI & TECHNOL, DIV ADV ENERGY CONVERS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15235 USA. IFC CORP, S WINDSOR, CT 06074 USA. ELECT POWER RES INST, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. DOW CHEM CO USA, DEPT VENTURES, MIDLAND, MI 48674 USA. CERAMATEC INC, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84119 USA. MC POWER, BURR RIDGE, IL 60521 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV, CTR ELECTROCHEM SYST, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV, CASE CTR ELECTROCHEM SCI, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA. IIT CTR, ARMOUR COLL ENGN, DEPT CHEM ENGN, CHICAGO, IL 60616 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP PENNER, SS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, CTR ENERGY & COMBUST RES, 9500 GILMAN DR, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD MAY PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 331 EP 470 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(95)00003-Y PG 140 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA QT309 UT WOS:A1995QT30900001 ER PT J AU AUTREY, T ALBORN, EA FRANZ, JA CAMAIONI, DM AF AUTREY, T ALBORN, EA FRANZ, JA CAMAIONI, DM TI SOLVENT-INDUCED SCISSION OF DIARYLMETHANES IN DIHYDROARENE DONOR SOLVENTS - AN EXPERIMENTAL AND MECHANISTIC MODELING STUDY OF HYDROGEN-TRANSFER PATHWAYS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; BOND-DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; COAL-LIQUEFACTION; ANTHRACENE STRUCTURES; COMPONENTS; CLEAVAGE; PRODUCTS; SYSTEMS; ATOM AB Mechanistic kinetic models derived from thermochemical. data were utilized to quantify the hydrogen-transfer pathways involved in the scission of benzylarene (PhCH(2)-Ar) carbon-carbon bonds in a series of dihydroarene/arene solvent mixtures. The model predicts that free hydrogen atoms (HA) play a dominant role in promoting the scission of strong benzylarene carbon-carbon bonds in both 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene solvent mixtures and cyclic olefins. In 9,10-dihydroanthracene solvent mixtures, the direct transfer of a hydrogen from the dihydroarene to the benzylarene by the reverse radical diproportionation (RRD) pathway is more important than free hydrogen atoms when no diluent is present. We demonstrate the utility of our empirically derived hydrogen-transfer model by comparing the predicted selectivity to the experimental measured selectivity of 2-methylnaphthalene/1-methylnaphthalene (2MN/1MN) in the thermolysis of 1,2'-dinaphthylmethane (1,2'-DNM) in anthracene/9,10-dihydroanthracene (An/AnH(2)) solvent mixtures. Our model shows that a change in the hydrogen-transfer pathway from RRD to HA explains the experimentally observed selectivity of BMN/1MN in An/AnH(2) solvent mixtures. RP AUTREY, T (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 420 EP 428 DI 10.1021/ef00051a005 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA QZ836 UT WOS:A1995QZ83600005 ER PT J AU CODY, GD BOTTO, RE ADE, H BEHAL, S DISKO, M WIRICK, S AF CODY, GD BOTTO, RE ADE, H BEHAL, S DISKO, M WIRICK, S TI INNER-SHELL SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING OF A SUBBITUMINOUS COAL - IN-SITU ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MICROSTRUCTURE USING C(1S)-NEXAFS, CA(2P)-NEXAFS, AND C1(2S)-NEXAFS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY MICROSCOPY; EXCITATION; SPECTRA AB Inner-shell microspectroscopy has been used to provide in-situ microanalysis of organic and inorganic constituents within Wyodak subbituminous coal (APCS No. 2). Two specimens were prepared, one loaded with Ca2+ and the other rinsed in HCl. Carbon NEXAFS spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical structure of liptinitic and huminitic macerals. Liptinite was characterized by an abundance of aliphatic carbon, evident by the intensity of absorption assigned to the transition from carbon's Is orbital to a mixed valence/Rydberg state; a low concentration of aromatic carbon, evident by low-intensity absorption associated with a 1s-pi* transition; and an appreciable quantity of carboxylic functionality, evident through a relatively intense absorption associated with a 1s-pi* transition due to C=0. The huminite exhibits fine structure indicative of an abundance of both aromatic and aliphatic carbon. The presence of polyhydroxylated aromatic carbon and carbonyl associated with carboxylic acids is also clearly indicated. In addition to carbonaceous heterogeneities, chlorine-rich inclusions were also identified. These were observed to strongly absorb in the energy range near 270 eV corresponding to Cl's 2s absorption edge. The inclusions are anticipated to be inorganic chlorides, precipitates which formed following the rinse in dilute HCl. Imaging and spectroscopy on the calcium's 2p absorption edge reveals that the chloride's cation is not calcium, although calcium is detected in the huminite of the Ca2+-loaded coal. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. EXXON RES & ENGN LAB,CORP RES SCI LAB,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP CODY, GD (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011 NR 27 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 525 EP 533 DI 10.1021/ef00051a018 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA QZ836 UT WOS:A1995QZ83600018 ER PT J AU STYER, P MCMILLAN, N GAO, F DAVIS, J SACKS, J AF STYER, P MCMILLAN, N GAO, F DAVIS, J SACKS, J TI EFFECT OF OUTDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER ON DAILY DEATH COUNTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE CAUSAL INFERENCE; MODEL SELECTION; OBSERVATIONAL DATA; PM(10); POISSON REGRESSION; SEMIPARAMETRIC MODELING ID DAILY MORTALITY; POLLUTION AB To investigate the possible relationship between airborne particulate matter and mortality, we developed regression models of daily mortality counts using meteorological covariates and measures of outdoor PM(10). Our analyses included data from Cook County, Illinois, and Salt Lake County, Utah. We found no evidence that particulate matter less than or equal to 10 mu m (PM(10)) contributes to excess mortality in Salt Lake County, Utah. In Cook County, Illinois, we found evidence of a positive PM(10) effect in spring and autumn, bur not in winter and summer. We conclude that the reported effects of particulates on mortality are unconfirmed. C1 NATL INST STAT SCI, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, DEPT MARINE EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. NR 10 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 103 IS 5 BP 490 EP 497 DI 10.2307/3432588 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA RW440 UT WOS:A1995RW44000023 PM 7656879 ER PT J AU BRECKENRIDGE, RP KEPNER, WG MOUAT, DA AF BRECKENRIDGE, RP KEPNER, WG MOUAT, DA TI A PROCESS FOR SELECTING INDICATORS FOR MONITORING CONDITIONS OF RANGELAND HEALTH SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article AB This paper reports on a process for selecting a suite of indicators that, in combination, can be useful in assessing the ecological conditions of rangelands. Conceptual models that depict the structural and functional properties of ecological processes were used to show the linkages between ecological components and their importance in assessing the status and trends of ecological resources on a regional scale. Selection criteria were developed so that relationships could be assessed at different spatial scales using ground and aerial measurements. Parameters including responsiveness and sensitivity to change, quality assurance and control, temporal and spatial variability, cost-effectiveness and statistical design played an important role in determining how indicators were selected. A total of ten indicator categories were selected by a committee of scientists for evaluation in the program. A subset that included soil properties, vegetation composition and abundance, and spectral properties was selected for evaluation in a pilot test conducted in 1992 in the Colorado Plateau region of the southwestern United States. This work is part of a major effort being undertaken by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and its collaborators to assess the condition of rangelands (primarily comprised of arid, semi-arid and dry subhumid ecosystems) along with seven other ecosystem groups (forests, agricultural lands, wetlands, surface waters, landscapes, estuaries and Great Lakes) as part of a national Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The indicator selection process reported upon was developed to support EMAP's goal of providing long-term, policy-relevant research focusing on evaluating the ecological condition (or health) of regional and national resources. RP BRECKENRIDGE, RP (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 0 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 36 IS 1 BP 45 EP 60 DI 10.1007/BF00546984 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RC889 UT WOS:A1995RC88900003 PM 24197675 ER PT J AU ROGERS, LL DOWLA, FU JOHNSON, VM AF ROGERS, LL DOWLA, FU JOHNSON, VM TI OPTIMAL FIELD-SCALE GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION USING NEURAL NETWORKS AND THE GENETIC ALGORITHM SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; OPTIMIZATION AB The escalating costs of environmental cleanup together with the conflicting concerns of various stakeholders motivate the search for improved management methodologies to reduce costs. The primary computational obstacle to groundwater management using formal optimization techniques is the flow and transport numerical model. Presented here is an approach to nonlinear optimization th at harnesses the strengths of artificial neural networks and the genetic algorithm to search for more cost-effective remediation strategies within practical time frames. Results drawn from a major western Superfund site demonstrate the potential for saving tens of millions of dollars. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RESTORAT,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 31 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1145 EP 1155 DI 10.1021/es00005a003 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV750 UT WOS:A1995QV75000014 PM 22192005 ER PT J AU GU, BH WEST, OR SIEGRIST, RL AF GU, BH WEST, OR SIEGRIST, RL TI USING C-14-LABELED RADIOCHEMICALS CAN CAUSE EXPERIMENTAL ERROR IN STUDIES OF THE BEHAVIOR OF VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM SORPTION; METHANOGENIC CONDITIONS; AQUIFER MATERIAL; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; SOIL; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CHEMICALS; WATER; BIODEGRADATION; FRACTIONATION AB This study demonstrates that using C-14-labeled radiochemicals can cause potential experimental artifacts and error in studies of the behavior of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE). Results indicated that the volatilization rates of C-14-labeled TCE and PCE (analyzed by C-14 radioactivity) were much lower than those of unlabeled TCE and PCE (analyzed by GC). These observations are attributed to (1) the presence of impurities that may be nonvolatile or less volatile than the target organic compound and (2) a possible isotopic discrimination between C-14-labeled and unlabeled VOCs. It is therefore suggested that caution be used in using radiochemicals in studies of VOC behavior in environmental media and in interpreting experimental data. RP GU, BH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1210 EP 1214 DI 10.1021/es00005a011 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV750 UT WOS:A1995QV75000022 PM 22192013 ER PT J AU KENNICUTT, MC MCDONALD, SJ SERICANO, JL BOOTHE, P OLIVER, J SAFE, S PRESLEY, BJ LIU, H WOLFE, D WADE, TL CROCKETT, A BOCKUS, D AF KENNICUTT, MC MCDONALD, SJ SERICANO, JL BOOTHE, P OLIVER, J SAFE, S PRESLEY, BJ LIU, H WOLFE, D WADE, TL CROCKETT, A BOCKUS, D TI HUMAN CONTAMINATION OF THE MARINE-ENVIRONMENT - ARTHUR HARBOR AND MCMURDO SOUND, ANTARCTICA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; SOUTH POLAR SKUAS; PARAISO OIL-SPILL; BAHIA-PARAISO; REPRODUCTIVE FAILURE; DIBENZOFURANS PCDFS; DIOXINS PCDDS; HYDROCARBONS AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, and trace metal concentrations in McMurdo Sound and Arthur Harbor, Antarctica, sediments and marine biota are reported. Biomarkers of contaminant exposure, biliary metabolites and EROD assays, were also measured. Hydrocarbon and trace metal contamination are generally limited to within hundreds of meters of human settlements. Local releases of fossil fuels, disposal of waste materials, and aging of ship and station structures contribute to contamination. High concentrations of PCBs were detected in sediments (250-4200 ng g(-1)) and organisms (up to 420 ng g(-1)) from Winter Quarters Bay(WQB). Trace metal and PAH sediment concentrations rarely exceed levels known to cause toxic effects in marine organisms, whereas PCBs in WQB often do. Biological responses to exposure include the formation of PAH metabolites and the inducement of the P4501A detoxification system in fish. Induction of EROD activity in in vitro rat hepatoma H4IIE cell bioassays by tissue extracts correlated with known levels of PCB contamination in invertebrate tissues. Local sources of contaminants greatly exceed those attributable to long-distance atmospheric transport. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. MOSS LANDING MARINE LABS,MOSS LANDING,CA 95039. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT VET PHYSIOL & PHARMACOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NOAA,NATL OCEAN SERV,OFF OCEAN RESOURCES & ASSESSMENT,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,CTR INTEGRATED ENVIRONM TECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP KENNICUTT, MC (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,GEOCHEM & ENVIRONM RES GRP,833 GRAHAM RD,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. RI Wade, Terry/A-4012-2012 NR 30 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1279 EP 1287 DI 10.1021/es00005a600 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV750 UT WOS:A1995QV75000032 PM 22192023 ER PT J AU HOPKE, PK JENSEN, B LI, CS MONTASSIER, N WASIOLEK, P CAVALLO, AJ GATSBY, K SOCOLOW, RH JAMES, AC AF HOPKE, PK JENSEN, B LI, CS MONTASSIER, N WASIOLEK, P CAVALLO, AJ GATSBY, K SOCOLOW, RH JAMES, AC TI ASSESSMENT OF THE EXPOSURE TO AND DOSE FROM RADON DECAY PRODUCTS IN NORMALLY OCCUPIED HOMES SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The exposure to radon decay products has been assessed in seven homes in the northeastem United States and southeastern Canada. In two of the houses, there was a single individual who smoked cigarettes. There were a variety of heating and cooking appliances among these homes. These studies have provide 565 measurements of the activity-weighted size distributions in these houses. The median value for the equilibrium factor was 0.408 as compared with the previously employed value of 0.50. Using the recently adopted ICRP lung deposition and dosimetry model, the hourly equivalent lung dose rate per unit, radon exposure was estimated for each measured size distribution. The mean equivalent dose rate per unit of Rn-222 gas concentration was approximately 140 nSv h(-1) Bq(-1) m(-3). It was found that the equivalent dose was strongly correlated with the ratio of the decay product concentration to that of radon, termed the equilibrium factor, F, with a correlation coefficient of 0.785. The correlation coefficient with the less than or equal to 2-nm size fraction (the ''unattached'' fraction) was 0.169, reflecting no significant relationship with the unattached fraction. Differences between houses with smokers present and absent were noted in the exposure conditions, but the resulting dose rate per unit of radon gas concentration was essentially the same for the two groups. Expressed in terms of ICRP's unit of effective dose for members of the public, the mean dose rate conversion coefficient with respect to radon gas concentration found in this study was 3.8 nSv h(-1) Bq(-1) m(-3). C1 PRINCETON UNIV, CTR ENERGY & ENVIRONM STUDIES, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT HLTH PROTECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP HOPKE, PK (reprint author), CLARKSON UNIV, DEPT CHEM, POB 5810, POTSDAM, NY 13699 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013; Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008 OI Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661 NR 26 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1359 EP 1364 DI 10.1021/es00005a031 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV750 UT WOS:A1995QV75000042 PM 22192033 ER PT J AU WONG, PSH COOKS, RG CISPER, ME HEMBERGER, PH AF WONG, PSH COOKS, RG CISPER, ME HEMBERGER, PH TI ONLINE, IN-SITU ANALYSIS WITH MEMBRANE INTRODUCTION MS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,ADV CHEM DIAGNOST & INSTRUMENT GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WONG, PSH (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. RI Cooks, R/G-1051-2015 OI Cooks, R/0000-0002-9581-9603 NR 20 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 29 IS 5 BP A215 EP A218 DI 10.1021/es00005a001 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV750 UT WOS:A1995QV75000011 PM 22655897 ER PT J AU BENZLEY, SE MERKLEY, K BLACKER, TD SCHOOF, L AF BENZLEY, SE MERKLEY, K BLACKER, TD SCHOOF, L TI PRE-PROCESSING AND POST-PROCESSING FOR THE FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID MESH GENERATION AB The finite element method provides a powerful procedure to mathematically model physical phenomena. The technique is numerically formulated and is effectively used on a broad range of computers. The method has increased in both popularity and functionality with the development of user friendly pre- and post-processing software. Preprocessing software is used to create the model, generate an appropriate finite element grid, apply the appropriate boundary conditions, and view the total model. Post-processing provides visualization of the computed results. This paper addresses the pertinent issues of pre- and post-processing for finite element analysis. It reviews the capabilities that are provided by pre- and post-processors and suggests enhancements and new features that will likely be developed in the near future. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP BENZLEY, SE (reprint author), BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV,COLL ENGN & TECHNOL,PROVO,UT 84602, USA. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 19 IS 4 BP 243 EP 260 DI 10.1016/0168-874X(94)00072-N PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA QZ416 UT WOS:A1995QZ41600003 ER PT J AU MEADE, DM AF MEADE, DM TI TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR D-T RESULTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Symposium on Fusion Technology (SOFT-18) CY AUG 22-26, 1994 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY ID TOROIDAL ALFVEN EIGENMODES; TFTR; PLASMAS; IONS AB Temperatures, densities and confinement of deuterium plasmas confined in tokamaks have been achieved within the last decade that are approaching those required for a D-T reactor. As a result, the unique phenomena present in a D-T reactor plasma (D-T plasma confinement, a confinement, a heating and possible alpha-driven instabilities) can now be studied in the laboratory. Recent experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have been the first magnetic fusion experiments to study plasmas with reactor fuel concentrations of tritium. The injection of about 20 MW of tritium and 14 MW of deuterium neutral beams into the TFTR produced a plasma with a T-to-D density ratio of about 1 and yielding a maximum fusion power of about 9.2 MW. The fusion power density in the core of the plasma was about 1.8 MW m(-3), approximating that expected in a D-T fusion reactor. A TFTR plasma with a T-to-D density ratio of about 1 was found to have about 20% higher energy confinement time than a comparable D plasma, indicating a confinement scaling with average ion mass A tau(E) proportional to A(0.6). The core ion temperature increased from 30 to 37 keV owing to a 35% improvement of ion thermal conductivity. Using the electron thermal conductivity from a comparable deuterium plasma, about 50% of the electron temperature increase from 9 to 10.6 keV can be attributed to electron heating by the alpha particles. The approximately 5% loss of alpha particles, as observed on detectors near the bottom edge of the plasma, was consistent with classical first orbit loss without anomalous effects. Initial measurements have been made of the confined high energy alpha particles and the resultant alpha ash density. At fusion power levels of 7.5 MW, fluctuations at the toroidal Alfven eigen-mode frequency were observed by the fluctuation diagnostics. However, no additional a loss due to the fluctuations was observed. These D-T experiments will continue over a broader range of parameters and higher power levels. RP MEADE, DM (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 30 IS 1-2 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00398-Q PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RA535 UT WOS:A1995RA53500004 ER PT J AU KIRKPATRICK, RC LINDEMUTH, IR WARD, MS AF KIRKPATRICK, RC LINDEMUTH, IR WARD, MS TI MAGNETIZED TARGET FUSION - AN OVERVIEW SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAGNETIZED TARGET FUSION; PULSED POWER; NEUTRON PRODUCTION ID BEAM AB The magnetized target fusion (MTF) concept is explained, and the underlying principles are discussed. The necessity of creating a target plasma and the advantage of decoupling its creation from the implosion used to achieve fusion ignition are explained. The Sandia National Laboratories Phi-target experiments is one concrete example of the MTF concept, but other experiments have involved some elements of MTF. Lindl-Widner diagrams are used to elucidate the parameter space available to MTF and the physics of MTF ignition. Magnetized target fusion has both limitations and advantages relative to inertial confinement fusion. The chief advantage is that the driver for an MTF target can be orders of magnitude less powerful and in tense than what is required for other inertial fusion approaches. A number of critical issues challenge the practical realization of MTF. Past experience, critical issues, and potential integral MTF experiments are discussed. RP KIRKPATRICK, RC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 26 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 27 IS 3 BP 201 EP 214 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RN643 UT WOS:A1995RN64300003 ER PT J AU SCHILD, D AF SCHILD, D TI SUPPRESSION OF A NEW ALLELE OF THE YEAST RAD52 GENE BY OVEREXPRESSION OF RAD51, MUTATIONS IN SRS2 AND CCR4, OR MATING-TYPE HETEROZYGOSITY SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; SPONTANEOUS MITOTIC RECOMBINATION; DNA-REPAIR GENES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; EXCISION-REPAIR; CHROMOSOME-I; MUTANTS; PROTEIN AB The RAD52 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is involved both in the recombinational repair of DNA damage and in mitotic and meiotic recombination. A new allele of rad52 has been isolated that has unusual properties. Unlike other alleles of rad52, this allele (rad52-20) is partially suppressed by an srs2 deletion; srs2 mutations normally act to suppress only rad6 and rad18 mutations. In addition, although haploid rad52-20 strains are very X-ray sensitive, diploids homozygous for this allele are only slightly X-ray sensitive and undergo normal meiosis and meiotic recombination. Because rad52-20 diploids homozygous for mating type are very X-ray sensitive, mating-type heterozygosity is acting to suppress rad52-20. Mating-type heterozygosity suppresses this allele even in haploids, because sir mutations, which result in expression of the normally silent mating-type cassettes, were identified among the extragenic revertants of rad52-20. A new allele of srs2 and alleles of the transcriptional regulatory genes ccr4 and caf1 were among the other extragenic revertants of rad52-20. Because other researchers have shown that the RAD51 and RAD52 proteins interact, RAD51 on a high copy number plasmid was tested and found to suppress the rad52-20 allele, but RAD54, 55 and 57 did not suppress. The RAD51 plasmid did not suppress rad52-1. The rad52-20 allele may encode a protein that has low affinity binding to the RAD51 protein. To test whether the selected revertants suppressed rad52-20 by elevating the expression of RAD51, an integrated RAD51-lacZ fusion was genetically crossed into each revertant. Because none of the revertants increased the level of RAD51-lacZ, the revertants must exert their effect by one or more mechanisms that are not mediated by RAD51. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-30990] NR 60 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 2 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD MAY PY 1995 VL 140 IS 1 BP 115 EP 127 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA QV521 UT WOS:A1995QV52100011 PM 7635279 ER PT J AU GARCIA, E ELLIOT, J GORVAD, A BRANDRIFF, B GORDON, L SOLIMAN, KM ASHWORTH, LK LENNON, G BURGIN, M LAMERDIN, J CARRANO, AV AF GARCIA, E ELLIOT, J GORVAD, A BRANDRIFF, B GORDON, L SOLIMAN, KM ASHWORTH, LK LENNON, G BURGIN, M LAMERDIN, J CARRANO, AV TI A CONTINUOUS HIGH-RESOLUTION PHYSICAL MAP SPANNING 17 MEGABASES OF THE Q12, Q13.1, AND Q13.2 CYTOGENETIC BANDS OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-19 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY REGION; ONSET ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HUMAN GENOME; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; DNA MARKERS; CPG ISLANDS; CLONING; GENE; LIBRARY AB We report the construction of a high-resolution physical map of a 17-Mb region that encompasses the entire q12, q13.1, and q13.2 bands of human chromosome 19. The continuous map extends from a region approximately 400 kb centromeric of the D19S7 marker to the excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency complementation group 1 (ERCC1) locus. The ordered clone map has been obtained starting from a foundation of cosmid contigs assembled by automated fingerprinting and localized to the cytogenetic map by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Clonal continuity of the map has been achieved by binning and linking the premapped cosmid contigs by means of yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). The map consists of a single contig composed of 169 YAC members (minimal spanning path of 18 YACs) linking 165 cosmid contigs. Eighty percent, or about 13.2 Mb of the entire region spanned by the map, has been resolved to the EcoRI restriction map level. Twenty-nine sequence-tagged sites associated with genetic markers or derived from FISH-mapped cosmids have been placed on the map. In addition to the ERCC1 gene area, the map includes the location of the creatine kinase muscle locus (CKM), imidazoledipetidase (PEPD), glucophosphate isomerase (GPI), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), the apolipoprotein E and C (APOE and APOC) genes, and the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene. This type of map provides a source of continuously overlapping DNA segments at a level of resolution two orders of magnitude higher than that obtained using YACs alone. In addition, it provides ready-to-use reagents for detailed analyses at the gene level, FISH studies of chromosomal aberrations, and DNA sequencing (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ALABAMA A&M UNIV,DEPT PLANT SCI,HUNTSVILLE,AL. RP GARCIA, E (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 27 IS 1 BP 52 EP 66 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1007 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RA144 UT WOS:A1995RA14400008 PM 7665184 ER PT J AU MILOSAVLJEVIC, A STREZOSKA, Z ZEREMSKI, M GRUJIC, D PAUNESKU, T CRKVENJAKOV, R AF MILOSAVLJEVIC, A STREZOSKA, Z ZEREMSKI, M GRUJIC, D PAUNESKU, T CRKVENJAKOV, R TI CLONE CLUSTERING BY HYBRIDIZATION SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article AB DNA sequencing by hybridization (SBH) Format 1 technique is based on experiments in which thousands of short oligomers are consecutively hybridized with dense arrays of clones. In this paper we present the description of a method for obtaining hybridization signatures for individual clones that guarantees reproducibility despite a wide range of variations in experimental circumstances, a sensitive method for signature comparison at prespecified significance levels, and a clustering algorithm that correctly identifies clusters of significantly similar signatures. The methods and the algorithm have been verified experimentally on a control set of 422 signatures that originate from 9 distinct clones of known sequence. Experiments indicate that only 30 to 50 oligomer probes suffice for correct clustering. This information about the identity of clones can be used to guide both genomic and cDNA sequencing by SBH or by standard gel-based methods. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP MILOSAVLJEVIC, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,GENOME STRUCT GRP,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Paunesku, Tatjana/A-3488-2017 OI Paunesku, Tatjana/0000-0001-8698-2938 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 27 IS 1 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1009 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RA144 UT WOS:A1995RA14400010 PM 7665186 ER PT J AU STACKHOUSE, MA MARRONE, BL GRADY, D CHEN, DJ AF STACKHOUSE, MA MARRONE, BL GRADY, D CHEN, DJ TI REGIONAL ASSIGNMENT OF THE HUMAN DNA-REPAIR GENE (XRCC4L) TO THE 5Q13-Q14 BOUNDARY BY IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID IONIZING-RADIATION; CELL-LINES RP STACKHOUSE, MA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519] NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 27 IS 1 BP 215 EP 217 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1030 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RA144 UT WOS:A1995RA14400031 PM 7665176 ER PT J AU ONSTOTT, TC MILLER, ML EWING, RC ARNOLD, GW WALSH, DS AF ONSTOTT, TC MILLER, ML EWING, RC ARNOLD, GW WALSH, DS TI RECOIL REFINEMENTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE AR-40/AR-39 DATING TECHNIQUE SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID AGE SPECTRA; K-FELDSPAR; HORNBLENDE; AR-39; GEOCHRONOLOGY; INCLUSIONS; MECHANISMS; DIFFUSION; RELEASE; AR-40 AB Integration of the neutron energy distribution for a water-moderated reactor with the most recent cross-section data yields mean recoil energies of 177 keV for K-39 (n, p) Ar-39, 969 keV for Ca-40 (n, a) Ar-37, and 140 eV for Cl-37 (n, gamma) Cl-38 (P) Ar-38. These estimates are insensitive to the anisotropy of reaction products. Utilizing Monte Carlo simulations of collision cascades, we calculate a mean recoil range of 1620 Angstrom for K-39 (n, p) Ar-39, 3780 Angstrom for Ca-40(n, alpha) Ar-37, and 11 Angstrom for Cl-37 (n, gamma)Cl-38 (beta) Ar-38. Rutherford backscatter (RES) measurements. of argon implantation experiments into albite confirm the veracity of these estimates. Integration of the recoil range distributions yields a mean depletion depth in a semi-infinite medium of 820 Angstrom for Ar-39, 1950 Angstrom for Ar-37, and 6 Angstrom for Ar-38. The concentration gradients generated by recoil-redistribution between thin slabs were then incorporated into standard diffusion equations. If the exsolution lamellae are the effective diffusion dimension for argon, then the calculations indicate that the argon release rates and Ar-40/Ar-39 age spectrum derived from incremental heating of minerals exsolved at the micron to submicron scale are significantly affected by recoil-redistribution. The age spectra will be discordant even if die feldspar has not experienced a complex or slow cooling history. Incremental step apparent ages will increase with the fraction of Ar-39 released as the potassium poor lamellae degas. The age spectra will exhibit decreasing apparent ages with increasing fraction Ar-39 released as the potassium feldspar lamellae degas. The overall profile of the age spectrum will depend upon the composition of the feldspar and the size distribution of the lamellae, if the lamellae are the effective argon diffusion dimension. In principal, these calculations can be used to discriminate between different models for argon diffusion in minerals. Finally, the 11 Angstrom mean recoil distance calculated for Ar-38 indicates that it is not a proxy for anion-sited excess argon. Instead, published correlations of Ar-38 with excess Ar-40 probably reflect the degassing of fine-grained, Cl-rich inclusions. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,ION SOLID INTERACT & DEFECT PHYS GRP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP ONSTOTT, TC (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 52 TC 95 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 1995 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1821 EP 1834 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00085-E PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RA715 UT WOS:A1995RA71500012 ER PT J AU DAVISSON, ML CRISS, RE AF DAVISSON, ML CRISS, RE TI GEOCHEMISTRY OF TECTONICALLY EXPELLED FLUIDS FROM THE NORTHERN COAST RANGES, RUMSEY HILLS, CALIFORNIA, USA - REPLY SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Note ID FRIO FORMATION; GULF-COAST; ALBITIZATION; PLAGIOCLASE; DIAGENESIS; TERTIARY; TEXAS RP DAVISSON, ML (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 1995 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1873 EP 1873 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00092-E PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RA715 UT WOS:A1995RA71500016 ER PT J AU WOLFF, JA GARDNER, JN AF WOLFF, JA GARDNER, JN TI IS THE VALLES CALDERA ENTERING A NEW CYCLE OF ACTIVITY SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID JEMEZ VOLCANIC FIELD; NEW-MEXICO; GRANITIC MAGMAS; CORE HOLE; MOUNTAINS; CONSTRAINTS; RHYOLITES; EVOLUTION; CRUSTAL; BENEATH AB The Valles caldera formed during two major rhyolitic ignimbrite eruptive episodes (the Bandelier Tuff) at 1.61 and 1.22 Ma, after some 12 m.y. of activity in the Jemez Mountains volcanic field, New Mexico. Several subsequent eruptions between 1.22 and 0.52 Ma produced dominantly high-silica rhyolite lava domes and tephras within the caldera. These were followed by a dormancy of 0.46 m.y. prior to the most recent intracaldera activity, the longest hiatus since the inception of the Bandelier magma system at similar to 1.8 Ma. The youngest volcanic activity at similar to 60 ka produced the SW moat rhyolites, a series of lavas and tuffs that display abundant petrologic evidence of being newly generated melts. Petrographic textures conform closely to published predictions for silicic magmas generated by intrusion of basaltic magma into continental crust. The Valles caldera may currently be the site of renewed silicic magma generation, induced by intrusion of mafic magma at depth, Recent seismic investigations revealed the presence of a large low-velocity anomaly in the lower crust beneath the caldera, The generally aseismic character of the caldera, despite abundant regional seismicity, may be attributed to a heated crustal column, the local effect of 13 m.y. of magmatism and emplacement of mid-crustal plutons. Seismic signals of magma movement in the deep to mid-crust may therefore be masked, and clear seismic indications of intrusion may only be generated within a few kilometres of the surface. We therefore encourage the establishment of a local dedicated volcanic monitoring system. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WOLFF, JA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT GEOL,UTA BOX 19049,ARLINGTON,TX 76019, USA. NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 9 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD MAY PY 1995 VL 23 IS 5 BP 411 EP 414 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0411:ITVCEA>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA QW694 UT WOS:A1995QW69400007 ER PT J AU NAGY, PB BONNER, BP ADLER, L AF NAGY, PB BONNER, BP ADLER, L TI SLOW-WAVE IMAGING OF PERMEABLE ROCKS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESERVOIR PHYSICS; PROPAGATION; PETROGRAPHY; SOLIDS; POROSITY AB A high-resolution slow wave imaging system based on attenuation measurement of transmitted airborne ultrasonic waves was developed to study the inhomogeneous pore structure in permeable formations. Currently, the threshold sensitivity of our system is approximately 100 mo, making possible the characterization of typical petroleum reservoir rocks with spatial resolution of between 0.5 and 5 mm in the 50 kHz to 500 kHz frequency range. The degree of disorder in permeable solids is of crucial importance especially when the relative permeability is considered. It is expected that this new technique can complement such methods as hydrodynamic dispersion measurements and petrography for characterizing flow in porous rocks. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT IND WELDING & SYST ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP NAGY, PB (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT AEROSP ENGN & ENGN MECH,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. RI Nagy, Peter/O-5404-2016 OI Nagy, Peter/0000-0001-5715-2409 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1053 EP 1056 DI 10.1029/95GL00906 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QW543 UT WOS:A1995QW54300013 ER PT J AU DUFFY, PB ELTGROTH, P BOURGEOIS, AJ CALDEIRA, K AF DUFFY, PB ELTGROTH, P BOURGEOIS, AJ CALDEIRA, K TI EFFECT OF IMPROVED SUBGRID SCALE TRANSPORT OF TRACERS ON UPTAKE OF BOMB RADIOCARBON IN THE GFDL OCEAN GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WORLD OCEAN AB We show that the Gent-McWilliams tracer transport parameterization greatly improves the ability of the GFDL ocean general circulation model to simulate vertical profiles of both temperature and bomb radiocarbon with a single set of model parameter values. This parameterization, which includes new advection terms as well as isopycnal mixing, has previously been shown to greatly improve simulated temperature fields. Here, we show that it does not markedly affect the already good simulation of oceanic absorption of bomb radiocarbon, and discuss the reasons for this result. RP DUFFY, PB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GLOBAL CLIMATE RES,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011 NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1065 EP 1068 DI 10.1029/95GL00807 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QW543 UT WOS:A1995QW54300016 ER PT J AU CHANG, B PRICE, C AF CHANG, B PRICE, C TI CAN GAMMA-RADIATION BE PRODUCED IN THE ELECTRICAL ENVIRONMENT ABOVE THUNDERSTORMS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Our calculations indicate that regions above large mesoscale convective systems may be favorable electrical environments for the production of gamma radiation by runaway electrons in bremsstrahlung collisions. It is well known [Gurevich, 1961] that an electric field however small can accelerate an electron continuously until the electron leaves the region of the electric field, as long as the electric field is larger than the opposing force of friction. Since the force of friction is proportional to the density of air, the resistance on an electron decreases with altitude. The resistance can be expressed in terms of a critical field, which is the strength the field needs to exceed in order to initiate the runaway phenomena. The critical field characterizing the friction is between 7x10(-15) and 15x10(-15) V-cm(2) times the number density of air. Thus a reasonable electric field (500 V/m) at high altitudes results in a force that can be larger than the force of friction. The rate for producing high energy electrons by the electric fields over large thunderstorms is estimated from Gurevich's model of runaway electrons in a weakly ionized plasma. It is found that the number of gamma photons produced by the runaway electrons in the discharge volume is consistent with the data recently observed by satellite [Fishman et al., 1994]. RP CHANG, B (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GLOBAL CLIMATE RES,POB 808,L-262,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1117 EP 1120 DI 10.1029/95GL00604 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QW543 UT WOS:A1995QW54300029 ER PT J AU KARMESIN, SR LIEWER, PC BRACKBILL, JU AF KARMESIN, SR LIEWER, PC BRACKBILL, JU TI MOTION OF THE TERMINATION SHOCK IN RESPONSE TO AN 11-YEAR VARIATION IN THE SOLAR-WIND SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISTANCE AB A two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model has been used to study the motion of the termination shock in response to an 11 year variation in the solar wind ram pressure. We find that for a total variation in the ram pressure by a factor of 2, a termination shock at 89 AU moves inward and outward about +/-8% of its distance with a typical velocity of 12 km/sec. This movement may be understood in terms of the various time scales associated with the response of the termination shock and heliopause to variations in the solar wind ram pressure. C1 CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP CALTECH, DEPT APPL MATH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. NR 12 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1153 EP 1156 DI 10.1029/95GL00603 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QW543 UT WOS:A1995QW54300038 ER PT J AU ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF AF ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF TI THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CROSSWELL ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY ASSUMING A CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB An iterative Born imaging scheme is employed to analyze the resolution properties of crosswell electromagnetic tomography. The imaging scheme assumes a cylindrical symmetry about a vertical magnetic dipole source and employs approximate forward modeling at each iteration to update the internal electric fields. Estimation of the anomalous conductivity is accomplished through least-squares inversion. Much of the mathematical formulation of this diffusion process appears similar to the analysis of wavefield solutions, but the attenuation implicit in the complex propagation constant invalidates many of the accepted wavefield criteria for resolution. Images of illustrative models show that vertical resolution improves with increasing frequency and with increased spatial sampling density. In addition, greater conductivity contrasts between the target and the background can result in better resolution. The horizontal resolution depends on the maximum aperture that is employed and with increasing frequency, larger apertures are needed to obtain optimal results. However, the maximum aperture that can be employed, and thus the horizontal resolution, is limited by the rate of attenuation and the noise present in the measurements. Weighting the long-offset data equally with the zero-offset data can improve the resolution if the noise is not a function of the dynamic range of the measurement system. At lower frequencies, the resolution can be improved by measuring both the horizontal and vertical components of the magnetic fields. In addition, multiple frequencies can be employed to improve the resolution for limited aperture measurements. The general applicability of the cylindrically symmetric geometry is examined by comparing the 2-D sensitivity functions to those produced by a 2.5-D model, and by imaging a 3-D body with the 2-D iterative Born scheme. For borehole separations greater than five skin depths it is demonstrated that the measurements, and thus the images, are not affected by the geometry of the conductive zone outside of the interwell plane. Thus the 2-D imaging scheme can be employed in these situations. For borehole separations less than five skin depths, artifacts are produced in the images which will lead to faulty interpretations. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 18 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 60 IS 3 BP 846 EP 870 DI 10.1190/1.1443822 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RA380 UT WOS:A1995RA38000021 ER PT J AU WILT, MJ ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF BECKER, A LEE, KH DESZCZPAN, M AF WILT, MJ ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF BECKER, A LEE, KH DESZCZPAN, M TI CROSSWELL ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY - SYSTEM-DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND FIELD RESULTS SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; SURFACE AB Electrical conductivity is an important petroleum reservoir parameter because of its sensitivity to porosity, pore fluid type, and saturation. Although induction logs are widely used to obtain the conductivity near boreholes, the poor resolution offered by surface-based electrical and electromagnetic (EM) held systems has thus far limited obtaining this information in the region between boreholes. Low-frequency crosswell EM offers the promise of providing subsurface conductivity information at a much higher resolution than was previously possible. Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL) and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories (LBL), together with an industrial consortium, recently began a program to conduct low-frequency crosswell EM surveys and develop suitable inversion techniques for interpreting the data. In developing the field instrumentation we used off-the-shelf components whenever possible, but custom-designed induction coil transmitters and receivers were built for the field experiments. The assembled field system has adequate power for moderate to high-resolution imaging, using boreholes spaced up to 500 m apart. The initial field experiment was undertaken in flat lying terrain at the British Petroleum test site in Devine, Texas. Using wells spaced 100 m apart, we collected a complete crosswell EM data set encompassing a 30 m thick, 10 ohm-m limestone layer at a depth of 600 m. The resulting profiles were repeatable to within 1% and showed an excellent sensitivity to the layered structure, closely matching the borehole induction resisitivity log. At the UC Richmond field station, crosswell EM measurements were made to track an injected slug of salt water. Conductivity images of data collected before and after injection showed a clear anomaly as a result of the salt water plume and indicated that the plume had migrated in a northerly direction from the injection borehole. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WILT, MJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-156,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 27 TC 72 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 60 IS 3 BP 871 EP 885 DI 10.1190/1.1443823 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RA380 UT WOS:A1995RA38000022 ER PT J AU NEWMAN, G AF NEWMAN, G TI CROSSWELL ELECTROMAGNETIC INVERSION USING INTEGRAL AND DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID SIMULTANEOUS RECONSTRUCTION; CONDUCTIVITY; PERMITTIVITY AB The crosswell electromagnetic (EM) inverse problem is solved with an integral-equation (IE) formulation using successive Born approximations in the frequency domain. Because the inverse problem is nonlinear, the predicted fields and Green's functions are continually updated. Updating the fields and Green's functions relates small changes in the predicted data to small changes in the model parameters through Frechet kernels. These fields and Green functions are calculated with an efficient 3-D finite-difference solver. Since the resistivity is invariant along strike, the 3-D fields are integrated along strike so the 2-D kernels can be assembled. At the early stages of the inversion, smoothing of the electrical conductivity stabilizes the inverse solution when it is far from convergence. As the solution converges, this smoothing is relaxed and more effort is made to reduce the data misfit. Bounds on the conductivity are included in the solution to eliminate unrealistic estimates. The robustness of the inversion scheme has been demonstrated with synthetic and field data that are underdetermined from the standpoint of the smooth models being sought. Two synthetic examples with added Gaussian noise were considered, including data arising from an IE solver. This IE solver is different from the one embedded in the inversion algorithm and has provided a stronger check on the scheme. The synthetic examples show it is more difficult to reconstruct a target's conductivity than its geometry at a single frequency. The inversion scheme has been successfully tested using data collected at the Richmond-field site near Berkeley, California, where it has imaged a salt water plume injected into the interwell region. The data in this experiment consisted of two sets of measurements, taken before and after the injection of 50 000 gallons of 1 Omega m salt water. Findings show that underdetermined inversion using small amounts of field data can be sufficient to produce useful, but smoothed, maps of the conductivity. The data in this instance need be only single frequency and single component. RP NEWMAN, G (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ORG 6116,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Newman, Gregory/G-2813-2015 NR 28 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 60 IS 3 BP 899 EP 911 DI 10.1190/1.1443825 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RA380 UT WOS:A1995RA38000024 ER PT J AU KORTE, N AF KORTE, N TI CHARACTERIZING WASTE SITES ON-SITE SO GEOTIMES LA English DT Article DE WASTE DISPOSAL; TECHNOLOGY DECISION MAKING; SITE EXPLORATION RP KORTE, N (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,GRAND JUNCT OFF,BOX 2567,GRAND JCT,CO 81502, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOLOGICAL INST PI ALEXANDRIA PA 4220 KING ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22302-1507 SN 0016-8556 J9 GEOTIMES JI Geotimes PD MAY PY 1995 VL 40 IS 5 BP 18 EP 20 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QW165 UT WOS:A1995QW16500007 ER PT J AU WISE, WR CLEMENT, TP AF WISE, WR CLEMENT, TP TI MAXIMUM WATER-TABLE DRAWDOWN AT A FULLY PENETRATING PUMPING WELL SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Discussion C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WISE, WR (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, 238 HARBET ENGN CTR, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI COLUMBUS PA 2600 GROUND WATER WAY, COLUMBUS, OH 43219 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 33 IS 3 BP 499 EP 501 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA QV935 UT WOS:A1995QV93500019 ER PT J AU BOND, VP VARMA, M FEINENDEGEN, LE WUU, CS ZAIDER, M AF BOND, VP VARMA, M FEINENDEGEN, LE WUU, CS ZAIDER, M TI APPLICATION OF THE HSEF TO ASSESSING RADIATION RISES IN THE PRACTICE OF RADIATION PROTECTION SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MICRODOSIMETRY; RADIATION PROTECTION; CANCER; HEALTH EFFECTS ID RADIOBIOLOGY AB The primary risk coefficients upon which exposure limits for radiation protection purposes are currently based are derived almost exclusively from cancer-induction data obtained from human populations exposed to radiations of low linear energy transfer. The question of higher linear energy transfer radiations is handled by means of quality factors derived from values for relative biological effectiveness obtained from animal data. However, the advent of microdosimetry has made it possible to establish hit size effectiveness functions from single-cell systems, both in vitro and in vivo. This type of function can substitute completely for the concept of relative biological effectiveness, Q and equivalent dose. A common basis for risk coefficients and the hit size effectiveness function lies in the fact that human cancers are monoclonal and thus single cell in origin. The present communication utilizes this common base as a means of extending the present low-linear energy transfer based risk coefficients to include carcinogenic responses from exposure in radiation fields of any one or mixed qualities, extending from the smallest to the largest linear energy transfers of practical consequence. In doing so, risks from ionizing radiations of any linear energy transfer may be predicted more accurately than at present. C1 US DOE, WASHINGTON, DC 20585 USA. INST MED, NUCL RES CTR, W-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT RADIAT ONCOL, NEW YORK, NY 10032 USA. COLUMBIA UNIV, CTR RADIOL RES, NEW YORK, NY 10032 USA. RP BOND, VP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 68 IS 5 BP 627 EP 631 DI 10.1097/00004032-199505000-00001 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QT418 UT WOS:A1995QT41800001 PM 7730058 ER PT J AU GILBERT, ES FIX, JJ AF GILBERT, ES FIX, JJ TI ACCOUNTING FOR BIAS IN DOSE ESTIMATES LN ANALYSES OF DATA FROM NUCLEAR WORKER MORTALITY STUDIES SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE DOSIMETRY, PERSONNEL; NUCLEAR WORKERS; CANCER; MORTALITY ID ATOMIC-ENERGY-AUTHORITY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RADIATION-WORKERS; EMPLOYEES AB Although dose estimates used in epidemiologic studies of nuclear workers are far superior to exposure measures used in many epidemiologic studies, they are subject to several types of bias. These include bias resulting from practices used to measure and record very low doses and from underestimation of dose from neutrons. They also include bias resulting because available dose estimates do not include dose from internally deposited radionuclides, occupational dose received after workers have terminated employment at the facility of interest, or dose from background or medical exposures. These biases can potentially distort dose-response analyses and lead to biased risk estimates and confidence limits. This paper uses data on workers at the Hanford site to investigate the possible effects of these biases on dose-response analyses of leukemia and of all cancer except leukemia. This is accomplished by conducting analyses based on a variety of assumptions regarding the nature and magnitude of these biases. Results were not modified greatly (as compared to those based on the dose as recorded) for any of the 40 sensitivity analyses presented, including some based on fairly extreme assumptions. However, analyses that excluded workers with potential for dose from internal depositions and from neutrons did increase both the risk estimate and upper confidence limits; it may be desirable to emphasize this approach in future presentations. It is recommended that similar sensitivity analyses be performed with data from other worker studies, addressing the specific dosimetry problems that have been identified in those populations. RP GILBERT, ES (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 68 IS 5 BP 650 EP 660 DI 10.1097/00004032-199505000-00004 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QT418 UT WOS:A1995QT41800004 PM 7730061 ER PT J AU FISK, WJ PRILL, RJ WOOLEY, J BONNEFOUS, YC GADGIL, AJ RILEY, WJ AF FISK, WJ PRILL, RJ WOOLEY, J BONNEFOUS, YC GADGIL, AJ RILEY, WJ TI NEW METHODS OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT RADON MITIGATION SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RADON; RN-222; RN-222, INDOOR; RADON PROGENY ID SYSTEMS AB Two new radon mitigation techniques are introduced and their evaluation in a field study complemented by numerical model predictions is described. Based on numerical predictions, installation of a sub gravel membrane at the study site resulted in a factor of 2 reduction in indoor radon concentrations, Experimental data indicated that installation of ''short-circuit'' pipes extending between the subslab gravel and outdoors caused an additional factor of 2 decrease in the radon concentration. Consequently, the combination of these two passive radon mitigation features, called the membrane and short-circuit (MASC) technique, was associated with a factor of 4 reduction in indoor radon concentration. The energy-efficient active radon mitigation method, called efficient active subslab pressurization (EASP), required only 20% of the fan energy of conventional active subslab depressurization and reduced the indoor radon concentration by approximately a factor of 15, including the numerically-predicted impact of the sub-gravel membrane. C1 WASHINGTON STATE ENERGY OFF, ENERGY EXTENS SERV, SPOKANE, WA USA. ECOLE NATL PONTS & CHAUSSEES, INFORMAT & SYST ENERGET GRP, F-93167 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. RP FISK, WJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM, INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Riley, William/D-3345-2015; OI Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304; Gadgil, Ashok/0000-0002-0357-9455 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 68 IS 5 BP 689 EP 698 DI 10.1097/00004032-199505000-00009 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QT418 UT WOS:A1995QT41800009 PM 7730066 ER PT J AU METTING, NF KOEHLER, AM NAGASAWA, H NELSON, JM LITTLE, JB AF METTING, NF KOEHLER, AM NAGASAWA, H NELSON, JM LITTLE, JB TI DESIGN OF A BENCHTOP ALPHA-PARTICLE IRRADIATOR SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Note DE RADIATION, ALPHA; DOSIMETRY, ALPHA; DETECTOR, ETCHED-TRACK; RADON ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; RADIOBIOLOGY; DOSIMETRY; EXPOSURE; DEVICE AB The design, construction and calibration of a convenient irradiator is described that provides controlled exposure to a uniform external source of well-characterized alpha particles at a dose-rate of 0.99 cGy min(-1). The use of a precis- ion photographic shutter allows the accurate delivery of doses as low as 0.01 mGy (1 mrad) to cultured cells. Special features also include a helium environment and reciprocal collimator that permits the use of collimators with different transmission factors to achieve differing dose-rates. A simple method is described to characterize the energy spectrum of alpha particles by use of particle range as measured by track etch. C1 HARVARD UNIV, CYCLOTRON LAB, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP METTING, NF (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV, SCH PUBL HLTH, RADIOBIOL LAB, 666 HUNTINGTON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. NR 15 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 68 IS 5 BP 710 EP 715 DI 10.1097/00004032-199505000-00012 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QT418 UT WOS:A1995QT41800012 PM 7730069 ER PT J AU DOLBEARE, F AF DOLBEARE, F TI BROMODEOXYURIDINE - A DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE .1. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES, HISTOCHEMICAL METHODS AND CELL-KINETICS SO HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGIONS; FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; S-PHASE CELLS; POTENTIAL DOUBLING TIME; HUMAN-BRAIN-TUMORS; TRITIATED-THYMIDINE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; NUCLEAR ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; PLASTIC-EMBEDDED SECTIONS; DNA POLYMERASE-ALPHA; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID REPLICATION AB Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd), a thymidine analogue incorporated into DNA, can be quantified by fluorescent or chromophoric quenching of dyes bound to DNA or with antibodies to BrdUrd. These technologies have been used since the 1970s as tools for measuring DNA synthesis in isolated chromosomes and in cells and tissues. This paper is Part I of a three-part comprehensive review of the literature over the last 20 years (to the end of 1993) describing the histochemical methods for measuring BrdUrd in cells and tissues. Fixation, denaturation and staining procedures are compared for quantifying BrdUrd for microscopy and flow cytometry. Non-immunochemical methods related to the quenching of fluorescent DNA stains by BrdUrd are also described. Methods are described for the comparative assay of cell kinetic parameters by tritiated thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine. The multivariate BrdUrd/DNA assay of T-s, and T-c, and a comparison of recent methods based on the single biopsy bivariate analysis of T-pot, is presented. Recent developments in the use of double halopyrimidine label to determine kinetic parameters are also reviewed. RP DOLBEARE, F (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 324 TC 126 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 5 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0018-2214 J9 HISTOCHEM J JI Histochem.J. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 27 IS 5 BP 339 EP 369 PG 31 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA RB175 UT WOS:A1995RB17500001 PM 7657555 ER PT J AU GAO, DY LIU, J LIU, C MCGANN, LE WATSON, PF KLEINHANS, FW MAZUR, P CRITSER, ES CRITSER, JK AF GAO, DY LIU, J LIU, C MCGANN, LE WATSON, PF KLEINHANS, FW MAZUR, P CRITSER, ES CRITSER, JK TI PREVENTION OF OSMOTIC INJURY TO HUMAN SPERMATOZOA DURING ADDITION AND REMOVAL OF GLYCEROL SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE GLYCEROL; HUMAN SPERMATOZOA; OSMOTIC INJURY ID ACTIVATION-ENERGY; PERMEABILITY; EMBRYOS; HAMSTER; VOLUME; SEMEN; CELLS AB Use of a cryoprotective agent is indispensable to prevent injury to human spermatozoa during the cryopreservation process, However, addition of cryoprotective agents to spermatozoa before cooling and their removal after warming may create severe osmotic stress for the cells, resulting in injury. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the degree (or magnitude) of human sperm volume excursion can be used as an independent indicator to evaluate and predict possible osmotic injury to spermatozoa during the addition and removal of cryo-protective agents. Glycerol was used as a model cryoprotective agent in the present study. To test this hypothesis, first the tolerance limits of spermatozoa to swelling in hypoosmotic solutions (iso-osmotic medium diluted with water) and to shrinkage in hyperosmotic solutions (iso-osmotic medium with sucrose) were determined. Sperm plasma membrane integrity was measured by fluorescent staining, and sperm motility was assessed by computer-assisted semen analysis before, during and after the anisosmotic exposure. The results indicate firstly that motility was much more sensitive to anisosmotic conditions than membrane integrity, and secondly that motility was substantially more sensitive to hypotonic than to hypertonic conditions. Based on the experimental data, osmotic injury as a function of sperm volume excursion (swelling or shrinking) was determined. The second step, using these sperm volume excursion limits and previously measured glycerol and water permeability coefficients of human spermatozoa, was to predict, by computer simulation, the cell osmotic injury caused by different procedures for the addition and removal of glycerol, The predicted sperm injury was confirmed by experiment, Based on this study, an analytical methodology has been developed for predicting optimal protocols to reduce osmotic injury associated with the addition and removal of hypertonic concentrations of glycerol in human spermatozoa. C1 METHODIST HOSP INDIANA INC,CRYOBIOL RES INST,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46206. INDIANA UNIV PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT PATHOL,EDMONTON,AB T6G 2R8,CANADA. UNIV LONDON ROYAL COLL VET SURG,DEPT VET BASIC SCI,LONDON NW1 0TU,ENGLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. FU NICHD NIH HHS [KO4-HD00980, P01-HD25949] NR 34 TC 202 Z9 213 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1109 EP 1122 PG 14 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA RC659 UT WOS:A1995RC65900019 PM 7657750 ER PT J AU ADELSON, SJ HODGES, LF AF ADELSON, SJ HODGES, LF TI GENERATING EXACT RAY-TRACED ANIMATION FRAMES BY REPROJECTION SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,COLL COMP,ATLANTA,GA 30332. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,CTR GRAP VISUALIZAT & USABIL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP ADELSON, SJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES & APPLICAT GRP,MS M 986,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 15 IS 3 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1109/38.376612 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA QU430 UT WOS:A1995QU43000010 ER PT J AU SAMPIETRO, M FASOLI, L REHAK, P STRUDER, L AF SAMPIETRO, M FASOLI, L REHAK, P STRUDER, L TI NOVEL P-JFET EMBEDDED IN SILICON RADIATION DETECTORS THAT AVOIDS PREAMPLIFIER FEEDBACK RESISTOR SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CCD AB The paper describes the design and the performance of an original p-channel JFET embedded in the collecting anode of a silicon radiation detector, The choice of a p-channel transistor, whose gate-to-channel junction is forward biased by the leakage current from the detector, avoids the preamplifier feedback resistor and performs a continuous de reset of the collected charge, The reported design, fully compatible with the detector fabrication, makes the operation of the detector extremely simple, ensures the best charge collection capability and leads to improved charge resolution, The first detector produced with this type of transistor has a resolution of 27 electrons rms in the measurement of the collected charge at room temperature for a pixel active area of about 0.1 mm(2), and of 22 electrons rms at T = 210 K. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & EXTRATERR PHYS,D-81245 MUNICH,GERMANY. RP SAMPIETRO, M (reprint author), POLITECN MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO ELETTR & INFORMAZ,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RI Sampietro, Marco/A-3732-2016 OI Sampietro, Marco/0000-0003-4825-9612 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 16 IS 5 BP 208 EP 210 DI 10.1109/55.382242 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QW571 UT WOS:A1995QW57100018 ER PT J AU ROMANOW, A FLOYD, S AF ROMANOW, A FLOYD, S TI DYNAMICS OF TCP TRAFFIC OVER ATM NETWORKS SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB We investigate the performance of TCP connections over ATM networks without ATM-level congestion control and compare it to the performance of TCP over packet-based networks. For simulations of congested networks, the effective throughput of TCP over ATM can be quite low when cells are dropped at the congested ATM switch, The low throughput is due to wasted bandwidth as the congested link transmits cells from ''corrupted'' packets, i.e., packets in which at least one cell. is dropped by the switch. We investigate two packet-discard strategies that alleviate the effects of fragmentation. Partial packet discard, in which remaining cells are discarded after one cell has been dropped from a packet, somewhat improves throughput. We introduce early packet discard, a strategy in which the switch drops whale packets prior to buffer overflow, This mechanism prevents fragmentation and restores throughput to maximal levels. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ROMANOW, A (reprint author), SUN MICROSYST INC,MT VIEW,CA 94043, USA. NR 38 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 13 IS 4 BP 633 EP 641 DI 10.1109/49.382154 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA QW246 UT WOS:A1995QW24600003 ER PT J AU NAEGLE, JH GOSSAGE, SA TESTI, N VAHLE, MO MAESTAS, JH AF NAEGLE, JH GOSSAGE, SA TESTI, N VAHLE, MO MAESTAS, JH TI BUILDING NETWORKS FOR THE WIDE AND LOCAL AREAS USING ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE SWITCHES AND SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Sandia National Laboratories is using a set of evolving technologies to develop a standards-based approach to wide- and local-area networking, which offers the potential of gigabit speeds. In particular, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switches and synchronous optical network (SONET) Technologies were used to build a supercomputing network between its California and New Mexico sites and now is being deployed in the local-area environment. The progress of these endeavors and the lessons learned are discussed in this paper. RP NAEGLE, JH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ADV NETWORKING,ADV NETWORKING INTEGRAT GRP,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 13 IS 4 BP 662 EP 672 DI 10.1109/49.382157 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA QW246 UT WOS:A1995QW24600006 ER PT J AU LU, B LUO, WL HAINS, C CHENG, J SCHNEIDER, RP CHOQUETTE, RP LEAR, KL KILCOYNE, SP ZOLPER, JC AF LU, B LUO, WL HAINS, C CHENG, J SCHNEIDER, RP CHOQUETTE, RP LEAR, KL KILCOYNE, SP ZOLPER, JC TI HIGH-EFFICIENCY AND HIGH-POWER VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER DESIGNED FOR CRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD AB We report the first vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) that has been optimized for cryogenic applications near 77 K, with superior characteristics that include a high-output power (P-out = 22 mW at I = 25 mA), high power conversion efficiency (eta(d) = 32%), low threshold voltage (V-th = 1.75 V) and current (I-th = 1.7 mA), and low power dissipation (9 mW at P-out = 2.0 mW) for a 20-mu m-diameter device. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LU, B (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 7 IS 5 BP 447 EP 448 DI 10.1109/68.384505 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA QX704 UT WOS:A1995QX70400003 ER PT J AU WARNE, LK JOHNSON, WA CHEN, KC AF WARNE, LK JOHNSON, WA CHEN, KC TI NONLINEAR DIFFUSION AND INTERNAL VOLTAGES IN CONDUCTING FERROMAGNETIC ENCLOSURES SUBJECTED TO LIGHTNING CURRENTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article AB The voltage inside a conducting ferromagnetic enclosure, excited by direct attachment of lightning, is determined, A nonlinear approximate model is constructed and solved analytically to model the magnetic field diffusion through the enclosure wall excited by a filament current, This model gives the internal voltage waveform (at very early times it forms a rough approximation to the solution), The solution (including the early time behavior,) for an attached current carrying conductor of large radius is also given, The model is constructed by use of known nonlinear saturation front theory, This paper also considers nonnegligible magnetic flux behind the saturation front (in the saturated region), and shows that this saturated flux results in a simple additive time shift to the penetration of the front. RP WARNE, LK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ELECTROMAGNET ANAL & TEST,TECH STAFF,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 37 IS 2 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1109/15.385877 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA QY830 UT WOS:A1995QY83000001 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JA SMARTT, HB AF JOHNSON, JA SMARTT, HB TI ADVANTAGES OF AN ALTERNATIVE FORM OF FUZZY-LOGIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLER AB A specific implementation of fuzzy logic is described. This implementation uses multiplication rather than finding the minimum to determine the conjunction between antecedents. The fuzzy implication is also determined by the product operator. Crisp membership functions are used for the output fuzzy sets. Thus the product of the antecedents is then multiplied by a crisp output action for that rule and the sum of products determines the net output of the system. Advantages of this method over the ''standard'' methods include elimination of the defuzzification step, direct control of the shape of the input-to-output mapping surface, and an analytic formulation that can be easily implemented in software or hardware. Conventional controllers are shown to be a special case of the method. The method is also equivalent to a certain class of neural networks and, as such, can be trained to optimum values of the output actions of the system. The method is illustrated with some examples. RP JOHNSON, JA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1063-6706 J9 IEEE T FUZZY SYST JI IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1109/91.388170 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QZ429 UT WOS:A1995QZ42900003 ER PT J AU LIN, YH CUNNINGHAM, GA AF LIN, YH CUNNINGHAM, GA TI A NEW APPROACH TO FUZZY-NEURAL SYSTEM MODELING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID NETWORKS; CONTROLLERS; INITIALIZATION; APPROXIMATION; ARCHITECTURE AB We develop simple but effective fuzzy-rule based models of complex systems from input-output data. We introduce a simple fuzzy-neural network for modeling systems, and we prove that it can represent any continuous function over a compact set. We introduce ''fuzzy curves'' and use them to: i) identify significant input variables, ii) determine model structure, and iii) set the initial weights in the fuzzy-neural network model. Our method for input identification is computationally simple, and, since we determine the proper network structure and initial weights in advance, we can train the network rapidly. Viewing the network as a fuzzy model gives insight into the real system, and it provides a method to simplify the neural network. C1 NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP LIN, YH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 321 Z9 332 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1063-6706 J9 IEEE T FUZZY SYST JI IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 190 EP 198 DI 10.1109/91.388173 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QZ429 UT WOS:A1995QZ42900006 ER PT J AU JAKOWATZ, CV THOMPSON, PA AF JAKOWATZ, CV THOMPSON, PA TI A NEW LOOK AT SPOTLIGHT MODE SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR AS TOMOGRAPHY - IMAGING 3-D TARGETS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Note AB A new 3-D tomographic formulation of spotlight mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is developed. This extends the pioneering work of Munson et at, who first formally described SAR in terms of. tomography but who made the simplifying assumption that the target scene was 2-D. We treat the more general and practical case in which the radar target reflectivities comprise a 3-D function. The main goal is to demonstrate that the demodulated radar return data from a spotlight mode collection represent a certain set of samples of the 3-D Fourier transform of the target reflectivity function and to do so using a tomographic paradigm instead of traditional range-Doppler analysis. We also show that the tomographic approach is useful in interpreting the reconstructed 2-D SAR image corresponding to a 3-D scene. Specifically, the well-known SAR phenomenon of layover is easily explained in terms of tomographic projections and is shown to be analogous to the projection effect in conventional optical imaging. RP JAKOWATZ, CV (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 0572,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 699 EP 703 DI 10.1109/83.382506 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QV845 UT WOS:A1995QV84500018 PM 18290021 ER PT J AU HASHEM, S SCHMEISER, B AF HASHEM, S SCHMEISER, B TI IMPROVING MODEL ACCURACY USING OPTIMAL LINEAR-COMBINATIONS OF TRAINED NEURAL NETWORKS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Letter ID COMBINING FORECASTS AB Neural network (NN) based modeling often requires trying multiple networks with different architectures and training parameters in order to achieve an acceptable model accuracy. Typically, only one of the trained networks is selected as ''best'' and the rest are discarded. We propose using optimal linear combinations (OLC's) of the corresponding outputs of a set of NN's as an alternative to using a single network. Modeling accuracy is measured by mean squared error (MSE) with respect to the distribution of random inputs. Optimality is defined by minimizing the MSE, with the resultant combination referred to as MSE-OLC. We formulate the MSE-OLC problem for trained NN's and derive two closed-form expressions for the optimal combination-weights. An example that illustrates significant improvement in model accuracy as a result of using MSE-OLC's of the trained networks is included. C1 PURDUE UNIV, SCH IND ENGN, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. RP HASHEM, S (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MS K1-87, RICHLAND, WA 99332 USA. NR 9 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 6 IS 3 BP 792 EP 794 DI 10.1109/72.377990 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QW245 UT WOS:A1995QW24500029 PM 18263368 ER PT J AU TRUDNOWSKI, DJ LARSEN, EV SANCHEZGASCA, JJ CHOW, JH AF TRUDNOWSKI, DJ LARSEN, EV SANCHEZGASCA, JJ CHOW, JH TI CONCEPTS FOR DESIGN OF FACTS CONTROLLERS TO DAMP POWER SWINGS - DISCUSSION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Discussion RP TRUDNOWSKI, DJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 2 BP 956 EP 956 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RB289 UT WOS:A1995RB28900072 ER PT J AU FRANCOS, JM FRIEDLANDER, B AF FRANCOS, JM FRIEDLANDER, B TI BOUNDS FOR ESTIMATION OF MULTICOMPONENT SIGNALS WITH RANDOM AMPLITUDE AND DETERMINISTIC PHASE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article AB We study a class of nonstationary multicomponent signals, where each component has the form a(t) exp j phi(t). where a(t) is a random amplitude function, and phi(t) is a deterministic phase function, The amplitude function consists of a stationary Gaussian process and a time varying mean, The phase and the amplitude mean are characterized by a linear parametric model, while the covariance of the amplitude function is parameterized in some general manner, This model encompasses signals that are commonly used in communications, radar, sonar, and other engineering systems, We derive the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the estimates of the amplitude and phase parameters, and of functions of these parameters, such as the instantaneous frequencies of the signal components. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP FRANCOS, JM (reprint author), BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. NR 15 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1161 EP 1172 DI 10.1109/78.382401 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QX511 UT WOS:A1995QX51100011 ER PT J AU YU, M CHANG, TS AF YU, M CHANG, TS TI AN ADAPTIVE STEP-SIZE FOR BACKPROPAGATION USING LINEAR LOWER BOUNDING FUNCTIONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article AB An adaptive step size is presented for the backpropagation algorithm in feedforward neural nets using linear lower bounding functions, Basically, a linear lower bounding function (LLBF) for a given function over an interval is a linear function that lies below the given function and matches the original function value at one end point, To search for an adaptive step size, an LLBF for the error function, which is expressed in terms of the step size, is derived, Since the error in a neural net can never be smaller than zero, it is plausible not to take a step larger than the step size when the associated LLBF reaches zero, In this paper, an adaptive learning algorithm based on the above idea is given, Numerical examples are used to illustrate its feasibility and to compare it with some previous results. RP YU, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1243 EP 1248 DI 10.1109/78.382407 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QX511 UT WOS:A1995QX51100017 ER PT J AU PAIK, S NGUYEN, HD AF PAIK, S NGUYEN, HD TI NUMERICAL MODELING OF MULTIPHASE PLASMA SOIL FLOW AND HEAT-TRANSFER IN AN ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID FLUID-FLOW AB A study on an are melter used for waste minimization process is presented. The plasma phase of the are and the liquid-solid phases of the molten soil are simulated simultaneously. Newtonian fluid model is used for both the plasma and the molten phases. Parametric study is made on different are lengths and are currents with varying input powers. Calculations show that both convective heat transfer and Joule heating mechanism yield high heat dissipation in the melt pool. It is found that the buoyancy and the surface shear driven convection established in the melt pool are the major contribution to the more uniform mixing of the molten soil. For the long are, the gas environment above the molten soil has large heated volume while the melted soil volume is small compared to those of short are. The induced circulation in the melt pool is stronger for the short are than that of long are. For the same input power, increasing current results more heat dissipation inside the melt pool than increasing voltage drop. RP PAIK, S (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,THERMAL SYST CODE DEV & ANAL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1161 EP 1171 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(94)00248-T PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA QN473 UT WOS:A1995QN47300003 ER PT J AU BASTEN, MA GUSS, WC KREISCHER, KE TEMKIN, RT CAPLAN, M AF BASTEN, MA GUSS, WC KREISCHER, KE TEMKIN, RT CAPLAN, M TI EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A 140-GHZ GYROTRON-BACKWARD WAVE OSCILLATOR SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article AB We report the experimental operation of a voltage tunable gyrotron backward wave oscillator (gyro-BWO) in the frequency range near 140 GHz. Voltage tunability is an important feature of the gyro-BWO for application as a fast tuning source for driving high power free electron lasers or cyclotron autoresonance maser amplifiers. The gyro-BWO operated in an overmoded cylindrical waveguide structure in the TE1,2 mode. The electron beam source was a Pierce-wiggler gun producing an 80 kV, 6.2 A beam. Frequency tuning with voltage between 134 and 147 GHz was achieved in the TE1,2 mode with constant magnetic field. However, this tuning was found to be discontinuous. Output powers of up to 2 kW and 2% efficiency were found, significantly below theoretical predictions for a cold beam. The theoretical beam velocity spread was modeled by a 3D beam transport code. The code results show that space charge forces, coupled with the wiggler-induced helical motion and the short cyclotron wavelength of the beam, produce large increases in velocity spread in the magnetic compression region. A beam with smaller velocity spread would be needed to make the gyro-BWO operate at the desired efficiency. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD MAY PY 1995 VL 16 IS 5 BP 889 EP 905 DI 10.1007/BF02066664 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA RA280 UT WOS:A1995RA28000003 ER PT J AU SZEKELY, J SCHWARTZ, E HYERS, R AF SZEKELY, J SCHWARTZ, E HYERS, R TI ELECTROMAGNETIC-LEVITATION - A USEFUL TOOL IN MICROGRAVITY RESEARCH SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TENSION MEASUREMENTS; METAL SPHERE; DROPLETS; FORCE; OSCILLATIONS; POWER AB Electromagnetic levitation is one area of the electromagnetic processing of materials that has uses for both fundamental research and practical applications. This technique was successfully used on the Space Shuttle Columbia during the Spacelab IML-2 mission in July 1994 as a platform for accurately measuring the surface tensions of liquid metals and alloys. In this article, we discuss the key transport phenomena associated with electromagnetic levitation, the fundamental relationships associated with thermophysical property measurement that can be made using this technique, reasons for working in microgravity, and some of the results obtained from the microgravity experiments. C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP SZEKELY, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,MAIL STOP G755,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hyers, Robert/G-3755-2010 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 47 IS 5 BP 50 EP 53 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA QY351 UT WOS:A1995QY35100010 ER PT J AU DICK, JJ AF DICK, JJ TI SHOCK-WAVE BEHAVIOR IN EXPLOSIVE MONOCRYSTALS SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Microscopic and Macroscopic Approaches to Detonation CY OCT 02-07, 1994 CL ST MALO, FRANCE SP CEA, Ctr Etudes Vaujours Moronvilliers ID ORIENTATION; SENSITIVITY; CRYSTALS AB The shock response of explosive monocrystals is strongly anisotropic. Shock initiation sensitivity depends strongly on crystal orientation in PETN. This can be understood in terms of steric hindrance to shear during the shock-induced deformation of the molecular crystal. This initiation mechanism appears to be tribochemical rather than thermal. Related work by other researchers is also discussed. RP DICK, JJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS P952,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1051/jp4:1995408 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000013 ER PT J AU DUPRE, G DREMIN, AN CLAVIN, P DESBORDES, D ORAN, E KONDRIKOV, B MELIUS, C PRESLES, HN BORIS, JP NELSON, K GUPTA, YM DLOTT, D RAMSAY, JB BORISOV, AA AF DUPRE, G DREMIN, AN CLAVIN, P DESBORDES, D ORAN, E KONDRIKOV, B MELIUS, C PRESLES, HN BORIS, JP NELSON, K GUPTA, YM DLOTT, D RAMSAY, JB BORISOV, AA TI OVERALL ASPECTS OF DETONATION - LIQUIDS AND GASES - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Discussion C1 INST CHEM PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. CNRS,F-13397 MARSEILLE 20,FRANCE. ENSMA,F-86960 FUTUROSCOPE,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECHNOL,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,PULLMAN,WA 99164. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. INST CHEM PHYS,MOSCOW 117997,RUSSIA. RP DUPRE, G (reprint author), CNRS,CRCCHT,LCSR,AVE RECH SCI,F-45071 ORLEANS,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 171 EP 175 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000022 ER PT J AU MCAFEE, JM AF MCAFEE, JM TI CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH-EXPLOSIVE INITIATION AND SAFETY AT LOS-ALAMOS SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Microscopic and Macroscopic Approaches to Detonation CY OCT 02-07, 1994 CL ST MALO, FRANCE SP CEA, Ctr Etudes Vaujours Moronvilliers AB The Chapman-Jouget and ZND models of steady detonation have proved most useful for engineering estimation of the propagation of near-planar, steady detonation in short-reaction-zone explosives. However, even in well characterized systems, the purposeful initiation of detonation is not described by these models. The highly divergent and microscopic nature of point initiation require discerning experiments, modeling, and theoretical analysis. Recently, safety considerations in complex or damaged systems, possibly containing long-reaction-zone (insensitive) high explosives, have dominated our thinking. These situations are rarely planar or steady, the physical state of the explosive may not be easily characterized, and there is a wide range of potential stimuli. The high-explosive reaction may range from none, to deflagration, to partial detonation, or to full detonation. Techniques and data applicable to estimating the level of response are needed. RP MCAFEE, JM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DETONAT SYST GRP,DX-10,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1051/jp4:1995415 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000024 ER PT J AU BRUN, L FAUQUIGNON, C VEYRIE, P CLAVIN, P MELIUS, C DAVIS, WC VOLK, F MILLER, RS KONDRIKOV, BN MCAFFEE, JM BORISOV, AA AF BRUN, L FAUQUIGNON, C VEYRIE, P CLAVIN, P MELIUS, C DAVIS, WC VOLK, F MILLER, RS KONDRIKOV, BN MCAFFEE, JM BORISOV, AA TI STATEMENTS FROM LABORATORIES ON NONIDEAL BEHAVIOR OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Discussion C1 CNRS,F-13397 MARSEILLE 20,FRANCE. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ISL,F-68301 ST LOUIS,FRANCE. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. ICT FRAUNHOFER INST,BERGHAUSEN,GERMANY. INST PHYS CHEM,MOSCOW 117997,RUSSIA. MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECHNOL,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. RP BRUN, L (reprint author), CEA,BP 7,F-77181 COURTRY,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 216 EP 219 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000028 ER PT J AU KENNEDY, DL AF KENNEDY, DL TI PROPOSED NEW NOMENCLATURE FOR STEADY DETONATION - COMMENT SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Editorial Material C1 INST PHYS CHEM,MOSCOW 117997,RUSSIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ISL,F-68301 ST LOUIS,FRANCE. MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECHNOL,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. RP KENNEDY, DL (reprint author), ICI AUSTRALIA,POB 196,KURRI KURRI 2327,AUSTRALIA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 220 EP 224 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000029 ER PT J AU DLOTT, DD CALIFANO, S RULLIERE, C NELSON, KA MELIUS, CF DUFORT, S NELSON, KA BRATOS, S DREMIN, AN KONDRIKOV, BN AF DLOTT, DD CALIFANO, S RULLIERE, C NELSON, KA MELIUS, CF DUFORT, S NELSON, KA BRATOS, S DREMIN, AN KONDRIKOV, BN TI ENERGY-TRANSFER IN CONDENSED ENERGETIC MATERIALS (EMS) - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Discussion C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. CEA,F-37260 MONTS,FRANCE. INST CHEM PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECHNOL,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. UNIV FLORENCE,FLORENCE,ITALY. UNIV PARIS 06,F-75752 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV BORDEAUX 1,F-33405 TALENCE,FRANCE. RP DLOTT, DD (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,505 S MATHEWS AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 297 EP 299 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000036 ER PT J AU RULLIERE, C GUPTA, YM BOILEAU, J MELIUS, CF MIALOCQ, JC DREMIN, AN NELSON, KA DELPUECH, A DUFORT, S KONDRIKOV, BN ODIOT, S DLOTT, DD VOLK, F AF RULLIERE, C GUPTA, YM BOILEAU, J MELIUS, CF MIALOCQ, JC DREMIN, AN NELSON, KA DELPUECH, A DUFORT, S KONDRIKOV, BN ODIOT, S DLOTT, DD VOLK, F TI STATEMENTS FROM LABORATORIES ON THE EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Discussion C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,PULLMAN,WA 99164. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. CEA,F-91991 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. INST CHEM PHYS,MOSCOW 142432,RUSSIA. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. CEA,F-37260 MONTS,FRANCE. MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECH,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. ICT,FRAUNHOFER INST,W-7507 BERGHAUSEN,GERMANY. RP RULLIERE, C (reprint author), UNIV BORDEAUX 1,351 COURS LIBERAT,F-33405 TALENCE,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 423 EP 426 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000051 ER PT J AU MELIUS, CF AF MELIUS, CF TI THERMOCHEMISTRY AND REACTION-MECHANISMS OF NITROMETHANE IGNITION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Microscopic and Macroscopic Approaches to Detonation CY OCT 02-07, 1994 CL ST MALO, FRANCE SP CEA, Ctr Etudes Vaujours Moronvilliers ID KINETICS AB The thermochemistry and reaction mechanisms of nitromethane initiation are modeled using detailed chemical kinetics. Initial conditions correspond to gaseous nitromethane at atmospheric and liquid-like densities and initial temperatures between 1100 and 2000 K. Global reactions as well as elementary reactions are identified for each of the two stages of ignition. The chemical steps to convert the nitro group to N-2 involve a complex set of elementary reactions. The time-dependence of the ignition steps (ignition delay times) as a function of temperature and pressure is used to determine effective activation energies and pressure dependencies to ignition. The ignition delay times range from several nanoseconds to tens of microseconds. At atmospheric conditions, the delay times for both ignition stages are in excellent agreement with observed experimental data. At the high densities, the ignition times at these elevated temperatures appear to be dominated by the same reaction mechanism that occurs for atmospheric gaseous nitromethane initiation. This is to be contrasted with lower temperature, condensed-phase ignition studies where it appears that solvent-assisted reactions dominate. RP MELIUS, CF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 535 EP 552 DI 10.1051/jp4:1995443 PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000062 ER PT J AU DICK, JJ SANDERSON, AJ SIMONETTI, P ODIOT, S KONDRIKOV, BN DUFORT, S NELSON, KA SHACKELFORD, SA AF DICK, JJ SANDERSON, AJ SIMONETTI, P ODIOT, S KONDRIKOV, BN DUFORT, S NELSON, KA SHACKELFORD, SA TI TOWARDS A REALISTIC CHEMISTRY OF THE REACTIONAL PROCESSES IN DETONATION - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Discussion C1 MENDELEEV UNIV CHEM TECH,MOSCOW 125190,RUSSIA. CEA,F-37260 MONTS,FRANCE. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NATO,NIMIC,B-1110 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. USAF ACAD,FRANK J SEILER RES LAB,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP DICK, JJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 586 EP 591 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000067 ER PT J AU BOILEAU, J DICK, JJ DELPUECH, A PIVINA, TS RAMSAY, JB MELIUS, CF VANDERSTEEN, A ODIOT, S COFFEY, CS BORISOV, AA ZEMAN, S VAVRA, P AF BOILEAU, J DICK, JJ DELPUECH, A PIVINA, TS RAMSAY, JB MELIUS, CF VANDERSTEEN, A ODIOT, S COFFEY, CS BORISOV, AA ZEMAN, S VAVRA, P TI MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC APPROACHES TO DETONATION - 2ND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP HELD AT ST-MALO, PALAIS-DU-GRAND-LARGE - OCTOBER 2-7, 1995 - CONCLUSION SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Editorial Material C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CEA,F-37260 MONTS,FRANCE. INST CHEM PHYS,MOSKAV 117997,RUSSIA. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. INST CHEM PHYS,MOSKAV 142432,RUSSIA. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. ND ZELINSKII INST ORGAN CHEM,MOSCOW 117913,RUSSIA. SYNTHESIA AS,VUPCH,VYZKUMNY USTAV PRUMYSLOVE,CR-53217 PARDUBICE,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV PARDUBICE,CR-53210 PARDUBICE,CZECH REPUBLIC. TNO,PRINS MAURITS LAB,2280 AA RIJSWIJK,NETHERLANDS. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS C4 BP 623 EP 633 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RL210 UT WOS:A1995RL21000071 ER PT J AU PLIVELICH, RF MCLARNON, FR CAIRNS, EJ AF PLIVELICH, RF MCLARNON, FR CAIRNS, EJ TI DEGRADATION MECHANISMS OF NICKEL-OXIDE ELECTRODES IN ZINC NICKEL-OXIDE CELLS WITH LOW-ZINC-SOLUBILITY ELECTROLYTES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-BOMBARDMENT; SURFACES; OXYGEN; SINTER; ARGON; ESCA AB Nickel oxide electrodes that suffered capacity degradation during extended cycling in zinc/nickel oxide cells were examined by a variety of chemical and physical techniques. Nickel hydroxyzincates, which have been speculated to cause such capacity degradation, were also examined. Powder X-ray diffraction experiments indicated that the intersheet distance between layers of turbostratic nickel hydroxide increased when zinc was incorporated. Photoelectron spectra (XPS) showed that this material is probably a mixture of Ni(OH)(2) and ZnO or Zn(OH)(2). Raman spectroscopy data also supported this conclusion. XPS indicated that the form of zinc in degraded-nickel oxide electrodes is probably ZnO or Zn(OH)(2). Significant increases in resistivity were found in cycled nickel oxide electrodes, and optical microscopy provided visible evidence of mechanical damage during cycling. These results suggest that the observed capacity degradation was largely mechanical in nature, and not due to the formation of nickel-zinc double hydroxides, as had been reported by others. Cell-cycling experiments indicated that the mechanical degradation is largely irreversible. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PLIVELICH, RF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 25 IS 5 BP 433 EP 440 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA QY928 UT WOS:A1995QY92800002 ER PT J AU PAYNE, SA SMITH, LK KRUPKE, WF AF PAYNE, SA SMITH, LK KRUPKE, WF TI CROSS-SECTIONS AND QUANTUM YIELDS OF THE 3-MU-M EMISSION FOR ER3+ AND HO3+ DOPANTS IN CRYSTALS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER; YAG; ER-3+; SPECTROSCOPY; YAIO3-ER; HO-YALO3 RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 5508, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 35 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4274 EP 4279 DI 10.1063/1.359449 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900006 ER PT J AU ZHU, JG PALMSTROM, CJ CARTER, CB AF ZHU, JG PALMSTROM, CJ CARTER, CB TI STUDY OF MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITACTIC GROWTH OF GAAS ON (100) SC(X)E(1-X)AS/GAAS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; LAYERS; ERAS C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RI Carter, C. Barry/E-6478-2010 OI Carter, C. Barry/0000-0003-4251-9102 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4312 EP 4320 DI 10.1063/1.359454 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900012 ER PT J AU ZHU, JG PALMSTROM, CJ CARTER, CB AF ZHU, JG PALMSTROM, CJ CARTER, CB TI LATTICE-MATCHED GAAS/SC0.3ER0.7AS/GAAS HETEROSTRUCTURES GROWN ON VARIOUS SUBSTRATE ORIENTATIONS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAAS; LAYERS; ERAS C1 BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP ZHU, JG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Carter, C. Barry/E-6478-2010 OI Carter, C. Barry/0000-0003-4251-9102 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4321 EP 4328 DI 10.1063/1.359455 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900013 ER PT J AU NILES, DW LI, XN SHELDON, P HOCHST, H AF NILES, DW LI, XN SHELDON, P HOCHST, H TI A PHOTOEMISSION DETERMINATION OF THE BAND DIAGRAM OF THE TE/CDTE INTERFACE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CDS/CDTE SOLAR-CELLS; SURFACE PRETREATMENTS; CADMIUM TELLURIDE; CDTE; CONTACTS; BEHAVIOR C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT,STOUGHTON,WI 53589. RP NILES, DW (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 24 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4489 EP 4493 DI 10.1063/1.359444 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900039 ER PT J AU DERI, RJ EMANUEL, MA AF DERI, RJ EMANUEL, MA TI CONSISTENT FORMULA FOR THE REFRACTIVE-INDEX OF ALXGA1-XAS BELOW THE BAND-EDGE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; ALAS; GAAS; SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION; SYSTEM RP DERI, RJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4667 EP 4672 DI 10.1063/1.359434 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900065 ER PT J AU VANTHIEL, M REE, FH AF VANTHIEL, M REE, FH TI ENTROPY OF MELTING - ITS EFFECT ON THE LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE-CHANGE OF CARBON SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note RP VANTHIEL, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4804 EP 4806 DI 10.1063/1.359400 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900086 ER PT J AU JILES, DC AF JILES, DC TI FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE OF HYSTERESIS CURVES IN CONDUCTING MAGNETIC-MATERIALS (VOL 76, PG 5849, 1994) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Correction, Addition RP JILES, DC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 77 IS 9 BP 4834 EP 4834 DI 10.1063/1.359615 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QV479 UT WOS:A1995QV47900096 ER PT J AU STREULI, CH SCHMIDHAUSER, C BAILEY, N YURCHENCO, P SKUBITZ, APN ROSKELLEY, C BISSELL, MJ AF STREULI, CH SCHMIDHAUSER, C BAILEY, N YURCHENCO, P SKUBITZ, APN ROSKELLEY, C BISSELL, MJ TI LAMININ MEDIATES TISSUE-SPECIFIC GENE-EXPRESSION IN MAMMARY EPITHELIA SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX COMPONENTS; FLOATING COLLAGEN MEMBRANES; CELL-ADHESION; A-CHAIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BINDING-SITE; DIFFERENTIATION AB Tissue-specific gene expression in mammary epithelium is dependent on the extracellular matrix as well as hormones. There is good evidence that the basement membrane provides signals for regulating beta-casein expression, and that integrins are involved in this process. Here, we demonstrate that in the presence of lactogenic hormones, laminin can direct expression of the beta-casein gene. Mouse mammary epithelial cells plated on gels of native laminin or laminin-entactin undergo functional differentiation. On tissue culture plastic, mammary cells respond to soluble basement membrane or purified laminin, but not other extracellular matrix components, by synthesizing beta-casein. In mammary cells transfected with chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter constructs, laminin activates transcription from the beta-casein promoter through a specific enhancer element. The inductive effect of laminin on casein expression was specifically blocked by the E3 fragment of the carboxy terminal region of the alpha 1 chain of laminin, by antisera raised against the E3 fragment, and by a peptide corresponding to a sequence within this region. Our results demonstrate that laminin can direct tissue-specific gene expression in epithelial cells through its globular domain. C1 ETH ZENTRUM,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MED SCH,DEPT PATHOL,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED & PATHOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP STREULI, CH (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER,SCH BIOL SCI,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. RI Roskelley, Calvin /F-4630-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 29995]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK036425]; Wellcome Trust NR 73 TC 303 Z9 305 U1 2 U2 10 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 129 IS 3 BP 591 EP 603 DI 10.1083/jcb.129.3.591 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA QW142 UT WOS:A1995QW14200004 PM 7730398 ER PT J AU LIN, CQ DEMPSEY, PJ COFFEY, RJ BISSELL, MJ AF LIN, CQ DEMPSEY, PJ COFFEY, RJ BISSELL, MJ TI EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX REGULATES WHEY ACIDIC PROTEIN GENE-EXPRESSION BY SUPPRESSION OF TGF-ALPHA IN MOUSE MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS - STUDIES IN CULTURE AND IN TRANSGENIC MICE SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; FUNCTIONAL-DIFFERENTIATION; FIBROBLAST GROWTH; FACTOR RECEPTORS; HEPARAN-SULFATE; EGF RECEPTOR; HUMAN BREAST; FACTOR-BETA; GLAND AB Whey acidic protein (WAP) is an abundant rodent milk protein. Its expression in mouse mammary epithelial cell cultures was previously found to require the formation of an extracellular matrix (ECM)-induced three-dimensional alveolar structure. In the absence of such structures, cells were shown to secrete diffusible factors leading to suppression of WAP expression. We demonstrate here that (a) TGF-alpha production and secretion by mammary cells is downregulated by the basement membrane-dependent alveolar structure, and (b) compared with beta-casein, WAP expression is preferentially inhibited both in culture and in transgenic mice when TGF-alpha is added or overexpressed. Thus, (c) the enhanced TGF-alpha production when cells are not in three-dimensional structures largely accounts for the WAP-inhibitory activity found in the conditioned medium. Since this activity can be abolished by incubating the conditioned medium with a function blocking antibody to TGF-alpha. The data suggest that ECM upregulates WAP by downregulating TGF-alpha production. We also propose that changes in TGE-alpha activity during mouse gestation and lactation could contribute to the pattern of temporal expression of WAP in the gland. These results provide a clear example of cooperation among lactogenic hormones, ECM, and locally acting growth factors in regulation of tissue-specific gene expression. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV GI,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CELL BIOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA46413, CA09592-06] NR 70 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 129 IS 4 BP 1115 EP 1126 DI 10.1083/jcb.129.4.1115 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA QY118 UT WOS:A1995QY11800020 PM 7744960 ER PT J AU HOWLETT, AR BAILEY, N DAMSKY, C PETERSEN, OW BISSELL, MJ AF HOWLETT, AR BAILEY, N DAMSKY, C PETERSEN, OW BISSELL, MJ TI CELLULAR GROWTH AND SURVIVAL ARE MEDIATED BY BETA-1 INTEGRINS IN NORMAL HUMAN BREAST EPITHELIUM BUT NOT IN BREAST-CARCINOMA SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MAMMARY EPITHELIUM; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; BASEMENT MEMBRANE; INTEGRIN; GROWTH; APOPTOSIS ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GENE-EXPRESSION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; ADHESION MOLECULES; NEOPLASTIC BREAST; CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; TISSUE AB We previously established a rapid three-dimensional assay for discrimination of normal and malignant human breast epithelial cells using a laminin-rich reconstituted basement membrane. In this assay, normal epithelial cells differentiate into well-organized acinar structures whereas tumor cells fail to recapitulate this process and produce large, disordered colonies. The data suggest that breast acinar morphogenesis and differentiation is regulated by cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and that these interactions are altered in malignancy. Here, we investigated the role of ECM receptors (integrins) in these processes and report on the expression and function of potential laminin receptors in normal and tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Immmunocytochemical analysis showed that normal and carcinoma cells in a three-dimensional substratum express profiles of integrins similar to normal and malignant breast tissues in situ. Normal cells express alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 6, beta 1 and beta 4 integrin subunits, whereas breast carcinoma cells show variable losses, disordered expression, or downregulation of these subunits. Function-blocking experiments using inhibitory antiintegrin subunit antibodies showed a >5-fold inhibition of the formation of acinar structures by normal cells in the presence of either anti-beta 1 or anti-alpha 3 antibodies, whereas anti-alpha 2 or -alpha 6 had little or no effect. In experiments where collagen type I gels were used instead of basement membrane, acinar morphogenesis was blocked by anti-beta 1 and -alpha 2 antibodies but not by anti-alpha 3. These data suggest a specificity of integrin utilization dependent on the ECM ligands encountered by the cell. The interruption of normal acinar morphogenesis by anti-integrin antibodies was associated with an inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. Function-blocking antibodies had no inhibitory effect on the rate of tumor cell growth, survival or capacity to form colonies. Thus under our culture conditions breast acinar formation is at least a two-step process involving beta 1-integrin-dependent cellular growth followed by polarization of the cells into organized structures. The regulation of this pathway appears to be impaired or lost in the tumor cells, suggesting that tumor colony formation occurs by independent mechanisms and that loss of proper integrin-mediated cell-ECM interaction may be critical to breast tumor formation. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT STOMATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT ANAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV COPENHAGEN,PANUM INST,DEPT MED ANAT A,STRUCT CELL BIOL UNIT,DK-2200 COPENHAGEN N,DENMARK. BERLEX BIOSCI,RICHMOND,CA 94804. RP HOWLETT, AR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42032] NR 51 TC 170 Z9 174 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4DL SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 108 BP 1945 EP 1957 PN 5 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA QY172 UT WOS:A1995QY17200012 PM 7544798 ER PT J AU BOTT, SG MARCHAND, AP VIDYANAND, D SACHLEBEN, RA AF BOTT, SG MARCHAND, AP VIDYANAND, D SACHLEBEN, RA TI SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF EXO-11-CYANO-ENDO-11-(TRIMETHYLSILYLOXY)PENTACYCLO[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10). 0(5,9)]UNDECAN-8-ONE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; PENTACYCLOUNDECAN-8-ONE; PENTACYCLOUNDECANE-8,11-DIONE ID CAGE COMPOUND; REDUCTION AB The crystal structure of an asymmetric pentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecan derivative is reported, in which Me(3)SiCN has been added across one of the keto groups. The cage structure demonstrates the expected effects of this addition. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BOTT, SG (reprint author), UNIV N TEXAS,DEPT CHEM,DENTON,TX 76203, USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014; Bott, Simon/C-2226-2017 OI Bott, Simon/0000-0001-7204-4561 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 25 IS 5 BP 267 EP 271 DI 10.1007/BF01665182 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA RG249 UT WOS:A1995RG24900012 ER PT J AU HALL, GE METZLER, HW MUCKERMAN, JT PRESES, JM WESTON, RE AF HALL, GE METZLER, HW MUCKERMAN, JT PRESES, JM WESTON, RE TI STUDIES OF THE 193-NM PHOTOLYSIS OF DIETHYL KETONE AND ACETONE USING TIME-RESOLVED FOURIER-TRANSFORM EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; N-3S RYDBERG STATE; INFRARED-EMISSION; TRANSLATIONAL ENERGY; LASER PHOTOLYSIS; ROTATIONAL-STATE; TRIPLET ACETONE; ALPHA-BOND; EXCITATION; CH3 RP HALL, GE (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013; Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013 OI Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783 NR 48 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 17 BP 6660 EP 6668 DI 10.1063/1.469139 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QU836 UT WOS:A1995QU83600005 ER PT J AU SMITH, KH SHERO, E CHIZMESHYA, A WOLF, GH AF SMITH, KH SHERO, E CHIZMESHYA, A WOLF, GH TI THE EQUATION OF STATE OF POLYAMORPHIC GERMANIA GLASS - A 2-DOMAIN DESCRIPTION OF THE VISCOELASTIC RESPONSE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED COORDINATION CHANGES; PRESSURE-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; LIQUID SILICATES; ALPHA-QUARTZ; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIO2 GLASS; GEO2; CRYSTAL; GPA C1 EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP SMITH, KH (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 52 TC 118 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 17 BP 6851 EP 6857 DI 10.1063/1.469122 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QU836 UT WOS:A1995QU83600024 ER PT J AU GRAMSCH, SA MORSS, LR AF GRAMSCH, SA MORSS, LR TI STANDARD MOLAR ENTHALPIES OF FORMATION OF PRO2 AND SRPRO3 - THE UNUSUAL THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY OF APRO(3) (A=SR, BA) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID BAPRO3; OXIDES AB The standard molar enthalpies of formation Delta(f)H(m)(o) of the fluorite oxide PrO2 and the perovskite oxide SrPrO3 have been determined by solution calorimetry. A combination of appropriate thermodynamic cycles leads to the values Delta(f)H(m)(o)(PrO2, 298.15 K) = -(959.8 +/- 4.1) kJ . mol(-1) and Delta(f)H(m)(o)(SrPrO3, 298.15 K) = -(1588.4 +/- 4.1) kJ . mol(-1). Unusual stability is found for SrPrO3 in terms of the enthalpy of reaction of the binary oxides to form the ternary oxide: Delta(f)H(m)(o){SrO(cr) + PrO2(cr) = SrPrO3(cr)} = -39 kJ . mol(-1). This stability of SrPrO3 is consistent with earlier thermochemical work on BaPrO3. The Pr members of the series of perovskite oxides AMO(3)(A = Sr, Ba; M = transition elements: Ce, Pr, Tb, actinides) are substantially more stable than expected from the trend established by the other members of the series, in which the enthalpy of reaction of the binary oxides to form the ternary oxide becomes less negative as the perovskite becomes more distorted. Electronic stabilization of the perovskite (PrO3)(2-) framework in these 4f(1) compounds is proposed as the origin of the additional thermodynamic stability of the perovskite oxides of Pr4+. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Gramsch, Stephen /K-1460-2015 OI Gramsch, Stephen /0000-0003-1031-1155 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 27 IS 5 BP 551 EP 560 DI 10.1006/jcht.1995.0056 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA RB467 UT WOS:A1995RB46700010 ER PT J AU TSOURIS, C SCOTT, TC AF TSOURIS, C SCOTT, TC TI FLOCCULATION OF PARAMAGNETIC PARTICLES IN A MAGNETIC-FIELD SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MAGNETIC FLOCCULATION; MAGNETIC SEPARATIONS; PARTICLE FLOCCULATION; PARAMAGNETIC PARTICLES; SECONDARY MINIMUM FLOCCULATION ID KINETICS; COAGULATION; DISPERSIONS AB Flocculation of paramagnetic particles under the influence of a strong magnetic field is reported in this article, Experimental information is obtained from fluctuation and intensity measurements of light passing through a particle suspension introduced in a uniform magnetic field, The magnetic field of strengths up to 6 T is generated by a cryogenic magnet operating at liquid helium temperatures. The phenomenon is analyzed by a Brownian flocculation model in which hydrodynamic, van der Waals, double-layer, and magnetic forces are incorporated for the estimation of the particle-flocculation rate. A population balance is employed in conjunction with the flocculation model to predict the evolution of the particle state with time, The effects of such important parameters as strength of the magnetic field, magnetic susceptibility of the particles, particle size, and zeta potential are investigated. Results show that particle size and magnetic susceptibility each play an important role in the selective flocculation of particles of different properties. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP TSOURIS, C (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 30 TC 67 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 171 IS 2 BP 319 EP 330 DI 10.1006/jcis.1995.1186 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QT223 UT WOS:A1995QT22300008 ER PT J AU ADALSTEINSSON, D SETHIAN, JA AF ADALSTEINSSON, D SETHIAN, JA TI A FAST LEVEL SET METHOD FOR PROPAGATING INTERFACES SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CURVATURE; FRONTS AB A method is introduced to decrease the computational labor of the standard level set method for propagating interfaces. The fast approach uses only points close to the curve at every time step. We describe this new algorithm and compare its efficiency and accuracy with the standard level set approach. (c) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ADALSTEINSSON, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 712 Z9 779 U1 5 U2 57 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 118 IS 2 BP 269 EP 277 DI 10.1006/jcph.1995.1098 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA QV550 UT WOS:A1995QV55000008 ER PT J AU HOU, SL ZOU, Q CHEN, SY DOOLEN, G COGLEY, AC AF HOU, SL ZOU, Q CHEN, SY DOOLEN, G COGLEY, AC TI SIMULATION OF CAVITY FLOW BY THE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; CELLULAR-AUTOMATON FLUIDS; GAS AUTOMATA; BGK MODELS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; RE AB A detailed analysis is presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the lattice Boltzmann method. Thorough comparisons with other numerical solutions for the two-dimensional, driven cavity flow show that the lattice Boltzmann method gives accurate results over a wide range of Reynolds numbers. Studies of errors and convergence rates are carried out. Compressibility effects are quantified for different maximum velocities and parameter ranges are found for stable simulations. The paper's objective is to stimulate further work using this relatively new approach for applied engineering problems in transport phenomena utilizing parallel computers. (c) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. IBM CORP,DIV RES,TJ WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH ENGN,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP HOU, SL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 51 TC 393 Z9 418 U1 10 U2 60 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 118 IS 2 BP 329 EP 347 DI 10.1006/jcph.1995.1103 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA QV550 UT WOS:A1995QV55000013 ER PT J AU KINNEY, JH BALOOCH, M HAUPT, DL MARSHALL, SJ MARSHALL, GW AF KINNEY, JH BALOOCH, M HAUPT, DL MARSHALL, SJ MARSHALL, GW TI MINERAL DISTRIBUTION AND DIMENSIONAL CHANGES IN HUMAN DENTIN DURING DEMINERALIZATION SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DENTIN; DEMINERALIZATION; SHRINKAGE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; MICROTOMOGRAPHY ID SHRINKAGE; TUBULES AB Many bonding agents require the dentin surface to be acid-etched prior to being bonded. Understanding the stability and morphology of the etched dentin surface is important for improving bond strength and reliability in these systems. In this study, the atomic force microscope was used to quantify dimensional changes that occur to fully hydrated dentin during demineralization with a pH 4.0 lactic acid gel. A high-resolution microtomography instrument, the x-ray tomographic microscope, was also used to quantify the mineral density distribution in the dentin as a function of etching time. The intertubular dentin surface shrank by less than 0.5 Fun during etching, while the peritubular dentin receded at an initially rapid linear rate. The dentin surface retained its initial morphology, although it was more porous with the removal of the peritubular dentin. Beneath the etched surface, there were three major zones characterized by mineral density differences. The first zone was a fully demineralized collagen layer, subjacent to which was a partially demineralized zone of roughly constant mineral density. Immediately following the partially mineralized layer was normal dentin. The presence of the partially mineralized layer could be explained in terms of different transport rates in the peritubular and intertubular dentin. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP KINNEY, JH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 808,L-356,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01-DE09859] NR 20 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1179 EP 1184 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA RG243 UT WOS:A1995RG24300006 PM 7790595 ER PT J AU WAYNE, DM AF WAYNE, DM TI RB-SR REDISTRIBUTION DURING AMPHIBOLITE-GRADE MYONITIZATION - AN EXAMPLE FROM THE HOPE-VALLEY SHEAR ZONE, MASSACHUSETTS, USA SO JOURNAL OF GEODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID STRONTIUM ISOTOPIC EQUILIBRATION; SOUTHEASTERN NEW-ENGLAND; TROIS-SEIGNEURS-MASSIF; FLUID-BEARING; AQUEOUS FLUID; DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION; RUBIDIUM-STRONTIUM; RHODE-ISLAND; FAULT ZONE; ROCKS AB The Sr and Pb isotopic systematics of minerals and whole rock slabs cut from three large samples of the Ponaganset Gneiss near the Hope Valley Shear Zone (HVSZ) in south-central Massachussets indicate that isotopic redistribution along a Late Paleozoic mylonitic zone in the gneiss occurred in two distinct episodes, via two discrete mechanisms. The Rb-Sr data also provide additional geochronologic evidence for high-grade Alleghanian metamorphism in SE New England. At the sample locality, the Ponaganset Gneiss was sheared at the contact between two lithologically distinct gneiss units. A narrow (<10 cm) band of mylonitic mafic schist also occurs intermittently at the contact. A whole rock age from thin slabs of the mylonitized gray gneiss (274 +/- 14) agrees well with a mineral age from the mylonitic gray gneiss (268 +/- 5), and with other published age data on Alleghanian metamorphism in southeastern New England. The mafic schist Rb-Sr mineral age (306 +/- 4) is significantly older, and may represent the age of the initial episode of deformation and recrystallization. The age-corrected Sr and Pb isotopic signatures of the mylonitized gray gneiss are consistently more radiogenic than those of the adjacent units. Therefore, it is possible that the isotopic alteration of the mylonitic zone involved Sr and Pb from an outside source. Closer examination of the mylonitic gneiss-mafic schist contact also revealed a zone of less radiogenic Sr within 2-3 cm of the contact. The shapes of Rb-Sr isotopic profiles across the contact are indicative of diffusive redistribution which occurred during, or after, the foliation-parallel alteration of Sr and Pb isotopic signatures in the mylonitized gray gneiss. Nonlinear least-squares fits of the data to a diffusion equation yield Dt of approx. 8x10(-5) m2 (D = effective diffusivity of Sr in m2/s, t = time in s). Attempts to use this result to estimate the duration of Rb-Sr diffusion produced results that are not consistent with geochronological data, which indicate that these rocks experienced high temperatures for up to 10(7) yr. RP WAYNE, DM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL CST1,MS G-740,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-3707 J9 J GEODYN JI J. Geodyn. PD MAY-JUL PY 1995 VL 19 IS 3-4 BP 351 EP 377 DI 10.1016/0264-3707(94)00022-N PG 27 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QY697 UT WOS:A1995QY69700011 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, CM FELDMAN, WC PHILLIPS, JL GOLDSTEIN, BE BALOGH, A AF HAMMOND, CM FELDMAN, WC PHILLIPS, JL GOLDSTEIN, BE BALOGH, A TI SOLAR-WIND DOUBLE ION-BEAMS AND THE HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COULOMB COLLISIONS; MAGNETOPAUSE AB Double ion beams are often observed in the solar wind, but little work has been done in relating these beams to structures within the solar wind. Double ion beams are observed as beams of a given ion species and charge state occurring at two different energies. We use the three-dimensional ion plasma instrument on board the Ulysses spacecraft to look for evidence of such beams associated with the heliospheric current sheet. In a subset chosen independently of plasma parameters consisting of 8 of over 47 crossings of the current sheet made during the in-ecliptic phase of the Ulysses mission we find that these double ion beams are always present on either side of the current sheet. The double beams are present in both the proton and helium species. The secondary beam typically has a higher helium abundance, which suggests that these beams are formed in the helium-rich corona rather than in interplanetary space. The double beams are not present in the interior of the current sheet. Neither collisions nor effects of plasma beta can account for the disappearance of the double beams inside the current sheet iri all eight cases. We postulate that these beams are formed by reconnection occurring near the Sun in the boundary region between the open field lines of the coronal holes and the closed field line region of the heliospheric current sheet. Such a scenario would be consistent with previous X ray measurements which suggest that reconnection is occurring in this region. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP HAMMOND, CM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A5 BP 7881 EP 7889 DI 10.1029/94JA03304 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY981 UT WOS:A1995QY98100029 ER PT J AU GOSLING, JT AF GOSLING, JT TI THE SOLAR-FLARE MYTH - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; STORMS; SUN RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MS D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A5 BP 7921 EP 7923 DI 10.1029/94JA03032 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY981 UT WOS:A1995QY98100034 ER PT J AU ELPHINSTONE, RD HEARN, DJ COGGER, LL MURPHREE, JS SINGER, H SERGEEV, V MURSULA, K KLUMPAR, DM REEVES, GD JOHNSON, M OHTANI, S POTEMRA, TA SANDAHL, I NIELSEN, E PERSSON, M OPGENOORTH, H NEWELL, PT FELDSTEIN, YI AF ELPHINSTONE, RD HEARN, DJ COGGER, LL MURPHREE, JS SINGER, H SERGEEV, V MURSULA, K KLUMPAR, DM REEVES, GD JOHNSON, M OHTANI, S POTEMRA, TA SANDAHL, I NIELSEN, E PERSSON, M OPGENOORTH, H NEWELL, PT FELDSTEIN, YI TI OBSERVATIONS IN THE VICINITY OF SUBSTORM ONSET - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SUBSTORM PROCESS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-EARTH MAGNETOTAIL; GROWTH-PHASE; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; AURORAL DISTRIBUTION; PLASMA SHEET; CDAW-7 SUBSTORM; VIKING; MODEL; FIELD; PRECIPITATION AB Multi-instrument data sets from the ground and satellites at both low and high altitude have provided new results concerning substorm onset and its source region in the magnetosphere. Twenty-six out of 37 substorm onset events showed evidence of azimuthally spaced auroral forms (AAFs) prior to the explosive poleward motion associated with optical substorm onset. The azimuthal wavelengths associated with these onsets were found to range between 132 and 583 km with a mean value of 307 +/- 115 km. The occurrence rate increased with decreasing wavelength down to a cutoff wavelength near 130 km. AAFs can span 8 hours of local time prior to onset and generally propagate eastward in the morning sector. Onset itself is, however, more localized spanning only about 1 hour local time. The average location of the peak intensity for 80 onsets was 65.9 +/- 3.5 CGMlat, 22.9 +/- 1.2 Mlt, whereas the average location of the AAF onsets was at 63.8 +/- 3.3 CGMlat, 22.9 +/- 1.1 Mlt. AAF onsets occur during time periods when the solar wind pressure is relatively high. These low-latitude wavelike onsets appear as precursors in the form of long-period magnetic pulsations (Pc 5 band) and frequently occur on the equatorward portion of the double oval distribution. AAFs brighten in conjunction with substorm onset leading to the conclusion that they are a growth phase activity causally related to substorm onset. Precursor activity associated with these AAFs is also seen near geosynchronous orbit altitude and examples show the relationship between the various instrumental definitions of substorm onset. The implied mode number (30 to 135) derived from this work is inconsistent with cavity mode resonances but is consistent with a modified flute/ballooning instability which requires azimuthal pressure gradients. It is suggested that this instability exists in growth phase but that an additional factor exists in the premidnight sector which results in an explosive onset. The extended source region and die distance to the open-closed field line region constrain reconnection theory and local mechanisms for substorm onset. It is demonstrated that multiple onset substorms can exist for which localized dipolarizations and the Pi 2 occur simultaneously with tail stretching existing elsewhere. Further, the tail can be less stretched at geosynchronous orbit during the optical auroral onset than during the precursor pseudobreakups. These pseudobreakups can be initiated by auroral streamers which originate at the most poleward set of are systems and drift to the more equatorward main UV oval. Observations are presented of these AAFs in conjunction with low- and high-altitude particle and magnetic field data. These place the activations at the interface between dipolar and taillike field lines probably near the peak in the cross-tail current. These onsets are put in the context of a new scenario for substorm morphology which employs individual modules which operate independently or couple together. This allows particular substorm events to be more accurately described and investigated. C1 IZMIRAN, TROITSK 142092, RUSSIA. LOCKHEED MISSILES & SPACE CO INC, SPACE SCI LAB, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. UNIV OULU, DEPT PHYS, SF-90570 OULU, FINLAND. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, APPL PHYS LAB, LAUREL, MD 20723 USA. MAX PLANCK INST AERON, W-3411 LINDAU, GERMANY. SWEDISH INST SPACE PHYS, S-75590 UPPSALA, SWEDEN. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. SWEDISH INST SPACE PHYS, S-98128 KIRUNA, SWEDEN. UNIV ST PETERSBURG, INST PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. NOAA, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP UNIV CALGARY, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CALGARY, AB T2N 1N4, CANADA. RI Mursula, Kalevi/L-8952-2014; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016; Sergeev, Victor/H-1173-2013 OI Mursula, Kalevi/0000-0003-4892-5056; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840; Sergeev, Victor/0000-0002-4569-9631 NR 88 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A5 BP 7937 EP 7969 DI 10.1029/94JA02938 PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY981 UT WOS:A1995QY98100036 ER PT J AU MOLDWIN, MB THOMSEN, MF BAME, SJ MCCOMAS, D AF MOLDWIN, MB THOMSEN, MF BAME, SJ MCCOMAS, D TI THE FINE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF THE OUTER PLASMASPHERE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; ELECTRON-DENSITY; BULGE REGION; PLASMAPAUSE; MAGNETOSPHERE; ANALYZER; TROUGH; MODEL AB The density and temperature structure of the low-energy ion population in the outer plasmasphere is examined by using data from Los Alamos National Laboratory's three-dimensional magnetospheric plasma analyzer at synchronous orbit. We define the ''outer plasmasphere'' as regions of dense, cold plasma observed at synchronous orbit, with no attempt to distinguish between the main plasmasphere or detached plasma regions existing beyond the plasmapause. We find that for moderate to high levels of geomagnetic activity the outer plasmasphere typically has a fine-scale density structure. The amount of variability in the density generally increases with increasing geomagnetic activity, as indicated by Kp, and the most variable intervals are associated with substorm activity. The dense (>10 ions cm(-3)), cold (approximate to 1 eV), plasmaspherelike plasma is adjacent to, and often interspersed with, low-density (1-10 ions cm(-3)), warm (2-10 eV), ''troughlike'' plasma regions. We find that occasionally these two temperature populations can coexist, but that most often they do not. The scale size of the fine-scale structure in the dense, cold plasma regions often is of the order of 1000 km or less, These observations suggest that fine-scale density structure in the dusk sector of the outer plasmasphere is imposed by penetrating substorm electric fields. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENTS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Moldwin, Mark/F-8785-2011 OI Moldwin, Mark/0000-0003-0954-1770 NR 35 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A5 BP 8021 EP 8029 DI 10.1029/94JA03342 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY981 UT WOS:A1995QY98100042 ER PT J AU MOLDWIN, MB THOMSEN, MF BAME, SJ MCCOMAS, DJ BIRN, J REEVES, GD NEMZEK, R BELIAN, RD AF MOLDWIN, MB THOMSEN, MF BAME, SJ MCCOMAS, DJ BIRN, J REEVES, GD NEMZEK, R BELIAN, RD TI FLUX DROPOUTS OF PLASMA AND ENERGETIC PARTICLES AT GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT DURING LARGE GEOMAGNETIC STORMS - ENTRY INTO THE LOBES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORWARD AURORAL BOUNDARIES; DMSP-F2 ELECTRON OBSERVATIONS; SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; SOLAR-WIND; NORTH-SOUTH; MAGNETOSPHERE; ANALYZER; DYNAMICS; FIELDS AB Geosynchronous orbit spacecraft occasionally observe the magnetospheric tail lobe during disturbed geomagnetic conditions. These lobe intervals are characterized by an absence of detectable ion flux above 1 eV and an absence of electron flux above several hundred eV. This study is an extension of Thomsen et al. (1994) and examines geosynchronous orbit plasma measurements for lobe encounters during a 4-year period involving three spacecraft, for a total of 85 spacecraft-months of observations. During the interval surveyed, 160 lobe encounters or dose encounters were observed. These events are divided into the following two classes: events observed near midnight and those observed along the flanks. Both classes of events were strongly associated with very active geomagnetic conditions as indicated by Kp (mean value of 5), Dst (mean value of -104 nT), and the Auroral Boundary Index, particularly the flank events. Fifty percent of the lobe encounters occurred within +/-24 hours of a geosynchronous magnetopause crossing, which indicates that many of the lobe encounters occurred when there was severe compression and/or erosion of the magnetosphere. Most of the magnetopause-crossing- associated events were flank events. The flank-lobe events were also generally associated with a large interplanetary magnetic field magnitude, with the B-y or B-z component being dominant. Dropouts in the energetic electron and ion fluxes were observed concurrently with the thermal ion plasma dropouts, though they often extended over a longer time interval. For most of the events a geosynchronous injection of energetic electrons and/or protons was observed following the beginning of the thermal ion dropout, often at a different satellite than the one observing the lobe. For a limited subset of the lobe events (17 events) in which a GOES satellite was nearby, the magnetic field data indicate that the field is often highly stretched or radial near the time of the lobe events. We conclude that the near-midnight and flank-lobe events are due to two different mechanisms as follows: the near-midnight events are consistent with the growth phase picture of large geomagnetic substorms, while the flank events are due to a major reconfiguration of the magnetosphere during large geomagnetic storms which are triggered by the passage of a large solar wind disturbance such as a fast coronal mass ejection. These observations show that the magnetosphere can be highly distorted at synchronous orbit, even far from midnight. C1 LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENTS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Moldwin, Mark/F-8785-2011; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Moldwin, Mark/0000-0003-0954-1770; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A5 BP 8031 EP 8043 DI 10.1029/94JA03025 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QY981 UT WOS:A1995QY98100043 ER PT J AU BROCKMAN, FJ PAYNE, W WORKMAN, DJ SOONG, A MANLEY, S HAZEN, TC AF BROCKMAN, FJ PAYNE, W WORKMAN, DJ SOONG, A MANLEY, S HAZEN, TC TI EFFECT OF GASEOUS NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS INJECTION ON IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION OF A TRICHLOROETHYLENE-CONTAMINATED SITE SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Remediation CY JUN 08-10, 1994 CL MONTANA STATE UNIV, BOZEMAN, MT SP Ctr Biofilm Engn, Great Plains Rocky Mt Hazardous Subst Res Ctr HO MONTANA STATE UNIV ID METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; BIODEGRADATION; METHANOTROPHS; HYDROCARBONS AB Methane and air were injected through a horizontal well into a trichloroethylene-contaminated site at a depth of 160ft below ground surface to stimulate methanotrophic biodegradation of trichloroethylene (TCE). Sediment samples were analyzed after 35 weeks of methane and air injection, and after 13 weeks of methane and air injection supplemented with injection of the gases nitrous oxide and triethyl phosphate. Methanotroph most-probable-number (MPN) values were very low in most of the samples prior to the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus to the site, and increased several orders of magnitude following the addition, Similarly, the frequency of TCE biodegradative potential in methanotrophic enrichments increased approximately three orders of magnitude after the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus to the site. The MPN and biodegradative potential data indicated that the zone of influence after the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus extended to at least 60 ft from the injection well in both the vertical and horizontal directions. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. RP BROCKMAN, FJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 26 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(94)00119-2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RB301 UT WOS:A1995RB30100013 ER PT J AU BARNES, JM APEL, WA BARRETT, KB AF BARNES, JM APEL, WA BARRETT, KB TI REMOVAL OF NITROGEN-OXIDES FROM GAS STREAMS USING BIOFILTRATION SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Remediation CY JUN 08-10, 1994 CL MONTANA STATE UNIV, BOZEMAN, MT SP Ctr Biofilm Engn, Great Plains Rocky Mt Hazardous Subst Res Ctr HO MONTANA STATE UNIV ID DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; NITRIC-OXIDE; AIR-POLLUTION AB Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are primary air pollutants, and as such, there is considerable interest in the development of efficient, cost effective technologies to remediate NOx containing emissions, Biofiltration involves the venting of contaminated gas streams through biologically active material such as soil or compost. This technology has been used successfully to control odors as well as volatile organic compounds from a variety of industrial and public sources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using biofiltration as a means to remediate NOx containing gas streams. Biofiltration studies measuring nitric oxide (NO) removal by bacteria indigenous to wood compost were conducted. Vertical biofilters (2l volume) constructed from glass process pipe (3 in i.d.xl2 in) were loaded with 1l of compost bed medium. Compaction of compost in the biofilters was minimized by the addition of wood chips (15% w/w). A nitrogen gas stream, containing various concentrations of NO (100-500 mu l/l), was purged (1lmin(-1)) through the biofilter under single pass, continuous flow conditions. Adsorption studies comparing NO removal in autoclaved and non-autoclaved biofilters indicated that approximately 3% NO removal was attributed to abiotic uptake. Control of pH in the biofilter was a critical variable for maximum nitric oxide removal. Optimum denitrifying activity occurred at pH levels ranging between 6 and 7. Nitric oxide removal rates increased in biofilters treated with an external carbon and energy source. Biofilters treated with phosphate buffer containing either lactate or dextrose were capable of removing more than 90% of the NO from a 500 mu l/l NO gas stream flowing at 1lmin(-1). RP BARNES, JM (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,CTR IND BIOTECHNOL & PROC ENGN,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 15 TC 37 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 315 EP 326 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(94)00103-N PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RB301 UT WOS:A1995RB30100015 ER PT J AU ERICKSON, MD ALDSTADT, JH ALVARADO, JS CRAIN, JS ORLANDINI, KA SMITH, LL AF ERICKSON, MD ALDSTADT, JH ALVARADO, JS CRAIN, JS ORLANDINI, KA SMITH, LL TI RADIOCHEMICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Remediation CY JUN 08-10, 1994 CL MONTANA STATE UNIV, BOZEMAN, MT SP Ctr Biofilm Engn, Great Plains Rocky Mt Hazardous Subst Res Ctr HO MONTANA STATE UNIV AB We have developed methods for chemical characterization of the environment under a multi-task project that focuses on improvement of radioanalytical methods with an emphasis on faster and cheaper routine methods. We have developed improved methods for separation of environmental levels of technetium-99, radium, and actinides from soil and water; separation of actinides from soil and water matrix interferences; and isolation of strontium. We are also developing methods for simultaneous detection of multiple isotopes (including nonradionuclides) by using a new instrumental technique, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The new ICP-MS methods have greater sensitivity and efficiency and could replace many radiometric techniques. We are using flow injection analysis to integrate and automate the separation methods with the ICP-MS methodology, The objective of automating methods is to achieve more reproducible results, reduce labor costs, cut analysis time, and minimize secondary waste generation through miniaturization of the process, The final product of all activities will be methods that are available (published in the US Department of Energy's analytical methods compendium) and acceptable for use in regulatory situations. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ERICKSON, MD (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(94)00108-S PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RB301 UT WOS:A1995RB30100018 ER PT J AU GROENEWOLD, GS INGRAM, JC DELMORE, JE APPELHANS, AD DAHL, DA AF GROENEWOLD, GS INGRAM, JC DELMORE, JE APPELHANS, AD DAHL, DA TI RAPID DETECTION OF TRI-N-BUTYL PHOSPHATE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES USING STATIC SIMS SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Remediation CY JUN 08-10, 1994 CL MONTANA STATE UNIV, BOZEMAN, MT SP Ctr Biofilm Engn, Great Plains Rocky Mt Hazardous Subst Res Ctr HO MONTANA STATE UNIV ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is an analytical method that can be used to detect the presence of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) on environmental surfaces including minerals (e.g., basalts, quartz) and vegetation. Static SIMS instrumentation equipped with pulsed secondary ion extraction and a ReO4- primary ion gun permits the rapid acquisition of cation and anion mass spectra of sample surfaces with virtually no sample preparation: samples are merely attached to a sample holder using double-stick tape. SIM spectra were demonstrated to be sensitive to the mode of TBP adsorption to mineral surfaces: TBP adsorbed to Fe(II)-bearing phases, Fe(III)-bearing phases, silicate, and vegetation surfaces could be distinguished from one another. These results indicate that SIMS has broad applicability for the rapid characterization of environmental surfaces, and in some cases, is capable of identifying the mode of contaminant-surface interactions. The technique is also attractive because it can analyze milligram-size samples, and no waste is generated during analysis. RP GROENEWOLD, GS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 359 EP 370 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(94)00110-3 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RB301 UT WOS:A1995RB30100019 ER PT J AU BERDAHL, P AF BERDAHL, P TI PIGMENTS TO REFLECT THE INFRARED RADIATION FROM FIRE SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE FIRE FLAMES; RADIATION; TRANSIENT AND UNSTEADY HEAT TRANSFER ID FILMS; COATINGS AB Conventional paints transmit or absorb most of the intense infrared radiation emitted by fire, a fact that contributes to the spread of fire. Techniques used for design of coatings with high visible reflectivity are here adapted to the design of coatings that have high reflectivity in the 1 to 8 mu m wavelength range important in fires. Promising materials for pigments include titanium dioxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon, with particle diameters in the 1 to 2 mu m range. Aluminum flake pigments are also effective. Pigment synthesis by the deposition of coatings on mica flakes is briefly discussed. RP BERDAHL, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 29 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 1995 VL 117 IS 2 BP 355 EP 358 DI 10.1115/1.2822529 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RC949 UT WOS:A1995RC94900016 ER PT J AU WILKES, KE AF WILKES, KE TI ONSET OF NATURAL-CONVECTION IN A HORIZONTAL POROUS-MEDIUM WITH MIXED THERMAL-BOUNDARY CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Note DE BUILDING HEAT TRANSFER; NATURAL CONVECTION; POROUS MEDIA RP WILKES, KE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 1995 VL 117 IS 2 BP 543 EP 547 DI 10.1115/1.2822564 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RC949 UT WOS:A1995RC94900050 ER PT J AU BAKER, RJ LONGMIRE, JL VANDENBUSSCHE, RA AF BAKER, RJ LONGMIRE, JL VANDENBUSSCHE, RA TI ORGANIZATION OF REPETITIVE ELEMENTS IN THE UPLAND COTTON GENOME (GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM) SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; DNA; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; MICROSATELLITES; BATS AB To better understand the evolutionary nature of the economically important upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), 1,719 randomly chosen recombinants from a cosmid genomic library were examined for repetitive elements. Average insert size was approximately 34 kb, which represents 2.6% to 4.4% of the haploid genome of G. hirsutum (depending on the estimate for haploid genome size used). Probes representative of microsatellites, tandem repeats, transposable elements, a low copy number gene (catalase), and a chloroplast gene were used. Of the four dinucleotides, (CT)(n) and (GT)(n) were present in 3.6% and 1% of the clones, respectively, whereas, (AT)(n) hybridized to a single clone and (GC)(n), as well as the chloroplast gene, did not hybridize to any clone. The tandemly repeated rDNA cistron hybridized to 60 of the 1,719 clones. We estimate the copia-like family of retrotransposable element to be present in thousands of copies. When data from all probes are analyzed, the upland cotton genome consists of approximately 61% unique sequences and low copy number DNA, which agrees well with previously published estimates that were determined using other methods. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM. TEXAS TECH UNIV MUSEUM,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. RP BAKER, RJ (reprint author), TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,LUBBOCK,TX 79409, USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 86 IS 3 BP 178 EP 185 PG 8 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA RB302 UT WOS:A1995RB30200003 ER PT J AU BORSA, F CARRETTA, P CINTOLESI, F CORTI, M LASCIALFARI, A RIGAMONTI, A CHOU, FC JOHNSTON, DC AF BORSA, F CARRETTA, P CINTOLESI, F CORTI, M LASCIALFARI, A RIGAMONTI, A CHOU, FC JOHNSTON, DC TI SPIN AND CHARGE DYNAMICS IN LIGHTLY DOPED CUO AND LA2CUO4 FROM NMR, NQR AND MU(+)SR SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Euroconference on Magnetic Correlations, Metal-Insulator-Transitions, and Superconductivity in Novel Materials CY SEP 26-30, 1994 CL UNIV WURZBURG, WURZBURG, GERMANY HO UNIV WURZBURG AB The effects induced by charge defects on the spin dynamics and on the static properties of antiferromagnetic cuprates, as detected through NMR-NQR and mu(+)SR, are addressed. Information on hole localization and evidence supporting hole segregation are presented. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP BORSA, F (reprint author), DIPARTIMENTO FIS A VOLTA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 3-4 BP 187 EP 189 DI 10.1007/BF00752285 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QX877 UT WOS:A1995QX87700002 ER PT J AU MAPLE, MB DEANDRADE, MC HERRMANN, J DALICHAOUCH, Y GAJEWSKI, DA SEAMAN, CL CHAU, R MOVSHOVICH, R ARONSON, MC OSBORN, R AF MAPLE, MB DEANDRADE, MC HERRMANN, J DALICHAOUCH, Y GAJEWSKI, DA SEAMAN, CL CHAU, R MOVSHOVICH, R ARONSON, MC OSBORN, R TI NON FERMI-LIQUID GROUND-STATES IN STRONGLY CORRELATED F-ELECTRON MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Euroconference on Magnetic Correlations, Metal-Insulator-Transitions, and Superconductivity in Novel Materials CY SEP 26-30, 1994 CL UNIV WURZBURG, WURZBURG, GERMANY HO UNIV WURZBURG ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; SUPERCONDUCTOR URU2SI2; KONDO; Y1-XUXPD3; BEHAVIOR AB Experimental efforts to characterize and develop an understanding of non Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior at low temperature in f-electron materials are reviewed for three f-electron systems: M(1-x)U(x)Pd(3) (M = Sc,Y), U1-xThxPd2Al3, and UCu5-xPdx. The emerging systematics of NFL behavior in f-electron systems, based on the present sample of nearly ten f-electron systems, is updated. Many of the f-electron systems exhibit the following temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity rho, specific heal C, and magnetic susceptibility chi for T much less than T-0, where T-0 is a characteristic temperature: rho(T) similar to 1 - aT/T-0, where a < 0 or > 0, C(T)/T similar to (-1/T-0)ln(T/bT(0)), and chi(T) similar to 1 - c(T/T-0)(1/2). In several of the f-electron systems, the characteristic temperature T-0 can be identified with the Kondo temperature T-K. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, INST PURE & APPL PHYS SCI, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, HARRISON M RANDALL LAB PHYS, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PHYS, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. RI Osborn, Raymond/E-8676-2011 OI Osborn, Raymond/0000-0001-9565-3140 NR 49 TC 183 Z9 183 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 3-4 BP 223 EP 249 DI 10.1007/BF00752290 PG 27 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QX877 UT WOS:A1995QX87700007 ER PT J AU KOONS, JM HUGHES, E CHO, HM ELLIS, PD AF KOONS, JM HUGHES, E CHO, HM ELLIS, PD TI EXTRACTING MULTITENSOR SOLID-STATE NMR PARAMETERS FROM LINESHAPES SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article ID QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; MAS-NMR; SPECTROSCOPY; ORIENTATION AB The derivation of a Hamiltonian describing the quadrupolar and chemical-shift interactions is presented in terms of irreducible spherical-tenser algebra, Some potential ambiguities concerning the sign of the asymmetry parameters, in this nomenclature, are identified and clarified, A more robust algorithm for handling the boundary conditions imposed by the constraints on asymmetry parameters is described and implemented in a nonlinear-least-squares minimization procedure, In addition, a detailed account is given on a more efficient method for computing the NMR lineshape, and protocols for the extraction of NMR parameters from solid-state lineshapes are introduced. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KOONS, JM (reprint author), UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. NR 29 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD MAY PY 1995 VL 114 IS 1 BP 12 EP 23 DI 10.1006/jmra.1995.1100 PG 12 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA RA398 UT WOS:A1995RA39800002 ER PT J AU ENDREGARD, M NICHOLSON, DG STOCKER, M LAMBLE, GM AF ENDREGARD, M NICHOLSON, DG STOCKER, M LAMBLE, GM TI ADSORPTION AND THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION OF COBALTICENIUM IONS ON ALPO4-5 STUDIED BY X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY, C-13 SOLID-STATE NMR AND FTIR SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALUMINOPHOSPHATE MOLECULAR-SIEVES; CRYSTALLINE INORGANIC SOLIDS; TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; IRON PENTACARBONYL; CLUSTER COMPOUNDS; COBALT; EXAFS; METALLOCENES; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES AB A pentane solution of cobaltocene has been adsorbed on the aluminophosphate molecular sieve AlPO4-5. The product (after exposure to air) contains pentane and water as well as the metallocene in its oxidised form, i.e. cobalticenium. The guest:host material was thermally decomposed at 500 degrees C in vacuo. XAS, FTIR and C-13 NMR show that the thermal decomposition product (ampoules opened in air) contains cobalt atoms bonded to oxygen lattice atoms and possibly some absorbed water. C1 SINTEF SI,N-0314 OSLO,NORWAY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ENDREGARD, M (reprint author), UNIV TRONDHEIM,AVH,DEPT CHEM,N-7055 TRONDHEIM,NORWAY. RI Nicholson, David/I-3749-2013 NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 5 IS 5 BP 785 EP 791 DI 10.1039/jm9950500785 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA QZ276 UT WOS:A1995QZ27600016 ER PT J AU HE, Y SCHWARZ, RB MIGLIORI, A WHANG, SH AF HE, Y SCHWARZ, RB MIGLIORI, A WHANG, SH TI ELASTIC-CONSTANTS OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL GAMMA-TIAL SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; MODULI; ALLOYS; SOLIDS AB The six independent second-order elastic stiffness coefficients of a Ti44Al56 Single crystal (L1(0) structure) have been measured at room temperature for the first time using a resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy (RUS) technique. These data were used to calculate the orientation dependence of Young's modulus and the shear modulus. Young's modulus is found to reach a maximum near a [111] direction, close to the normal to the most densely packed planes. The elastic moduli and Poisson's ratio for polycrystalline materials, calculated by the averaging scheme proposed by Hill, are in good agreement with experimental data and theoretical calculations. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SIX METROTECH CTR,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP HE, Y (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 34 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 8 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1187 EP 1195 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.1187 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QU865 UT WOS:A1995QU86500017 ER PT J AU GAO, Y JIA, J LOEHMAN, RE EWSUK, KG AF GAO, Y JIA, J LOEHMAN, RE EWSUK, KG TI TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY STUDY OF AL/AL2O3 COMPOSITES FABRICATED BY REACTIVE METAL INFILTRATION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MAGNESIUM SILICON ALLOYS; DIRECTED OXIDATION; AL2O3/METAL COMPOSITES; ALUMINUM AB The microstructure of Al/alpha-Al2O3 composites made by infiltrating molten Al into dense mullite preforms has been characterized using transmission electron microscopy, The growth of the Al/Al2O3 composites was found to proceed through three stages, Initially, Al infiltrates into a dense mullite preform through grain boundary diffusion, and reacts with mullite at grain boundaries to form a partial reaction zone. Then, a complete reaction takes place in the reaction region between the partial reaction zone and the full reaction zone to convert the dense mullite preform to a composite of alpha-Al2O3 (matrix) and an Al-Si phase (thin channels). Finally, the reduced Si from the reaction diffuses out of the Al/Al2O3 composite through the metal channels, whereas Al from the molten Al pool is continuously drawn to the reaction region until the mullite preform is consumed or the sample is removed from the molten Al pool, Based on the observed microstructure, infiltration mechanisms have been discussed, and a growth model of the composites is proposed in which the process involves repeated nucleation of Al2O3 grains acid grain growth. C1 NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT ENGN,SOCORRO,NM 87801. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 24 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 5 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1216 EP 1225 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.1216 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QU865 UT WOS:A1995QU86500020 ER PT J AU BANDYOPADHYAY, A ASWATH, PB PORTER, WD CAVIN, OB AF BANDYOPADHYAY, A ASWATH, PB PORTER, WD CAVIN, OB TI THE LOW-TEMPERATURE HEXAGONAL TO ORTHORHOMBIC TRANSFORMATION IN SI3N4 REINFORCED BAS MATRIX COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The amount of Si3N4 in a Si3N4-BaO . Al2O3 . 2SiO(2) (BAS) composite and the time of sintering was examined in the context of the low temperature hexagonal to orthorhombic transformation in BAS. It was found that with increasing amounts of Si3N4 in the composite, the temperature of the hexagonal to orthorhombic transformation was decreased. As the sintering time was increased for a given composite composition, a drop in the temperature of the hexagonal to orthorhombic transformation was observed, which was linked to an increase in the beta-Si3N4 content in the composite. In addition, as the Si3N4 content in the composite was increased, a resultant drop in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite occurred. The extent of the linear dimensional change of the composite during the BAS hexagonal to orthorhombic transformation is reported. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MAT SCI & ENGN PROGRAM,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BANDYOPADHYAY, A (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,ARLINGTON,TX 76019, USA. RI Aswath, Pranesh/A-7184-2009; OI Aswath, Pranesh/0000-0003-2885-1918; Bandyopadhyay, Amit/0000-0003-0992-5387 NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1256 EP 1263 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.1256 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QU865 UT WOS:A1995QU86500024 ER PT J AU MARKWORTH, AJ RAMESH, KS PARKS, WP AF MARKWORTH, AJ RAMESH, KS PARKS, WP TI MODELING STUDIES APPLIED TO FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID GRADIENT MATERIALS; THERMAL-STRESSES; COMPOSITES; DESIGN AB This review contains a description of modelling studies relative to functionally graded materials (FGMs). Two principal topics are covered: models for microstructure-dependent thermophysical properties, and models for the design, processing, and performance of FGMs. The former is a particularly important input to FGM modelling because of the wide variety of microstructures that can exist across the graded direction of a single material. Based on the work described in this review, recommendations are made regarding areas in which additional modelling studies would be beneficial. Suggested approaches to the modelling include the application of a number of powerful techniques, such as percolation theory, fractal analysis, lattice-based microstructure models, the renormalization group, neural networks, and fuzzy logic. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. BATTELLE COLUMBUS CORP, COLUMBUS, OH 43201 USA. US DOE, WASHINGTON, DC 20585 USA. NR 36 TC 226 Z9 237 U1 3 U2 38 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2183 EP 2193 DI 10.1007/BF01184560 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA161 UT WOS:A1995RA16100001 ER PT J AU GOTO, Y THOMAS, G AF GOTO, Y THOMAS, G TI PHASE-TRANSFORMATION AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF SI3N4 DURING SINTERING SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS; CRYSTALLIZATION; STRENGTH AB Changes of density, the alpha-beta phase transformation, and composition of grains and grain boundaries during sintering of Si3N4 with various sintering conditions using additives of Y2O3 and Al2O3 were investigated. The phase determination of individual Si3N4 grains was performed by convergent beam electron diffraction. The relations between densification and transformation were divided into two groups, depending on the additive compositions. Aluminium dissolution into Si3N4 grains occurred mostly during alpha-beta transformation process. The concentrations of aluminium and oxygen in the grain boundaries decreased as the alpha-beta transformation progressed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2194 EP 2200 DI 10.1007/BF01184561 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA161 UT WOS:A1995RA16100002 ER PT J AU KOZACZEK, KJ PETROVIC, BG RUUD, CO KURTZ, SK MCILREE, AR AF KOZACZEK, KJ PETROVIC, BG RUUD, CO KURTZ, SK MCILREE, AR TI MICROSTRUCTURAL MODELING OF GRAIN-BOUNDARY STRESSES IN ALLOY-600 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC INTERACTION STRESSES; POLYCRYSTALLINE ALPHA-BRASS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE WATER; HIGH-PURITY WATER; CU-AL ALLOY; CORROSION-CRACKING; INCONEL 600; INTERGRANULAR CRACKING; HEAT-TREATMENT; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE AB The stress distribution in a random polycrystalline material (Alloy 600) was studied using a topologically correct microstructural model. The distributions of von Mises and hydrostatic stresses, which could be important factors when studying the intergranular stress corrosion cracking, at the grain vertices were analysed as a function of microstructure, grain orientations and loading conditions. The grain size, shape, and orientation had a more pronounced effect on stress distribution than the loading conditions. The stress concentration factor was higher for hydrostatic stress (1.7) than for von Mises stress (1.5). Hydrostatic stress showed more pronounced dependence on the disorientation angle than von Mises stress. The observed stress concentration is high enough to cause localized plastic microdeformation, even when the polycrystalline aggregate is in the macroscopic elastic regime. The modelling of stresses and strains in polycrystalline materials can identify the microstructures (grain-size distributions, texture) intrinsically susceptible to stress/strain concentrations and justify the correctness of applied stress state during the stress corrosion cracking tests. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP KOZACZEK, KJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 80 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2390 EP 2400 DI 10.1007/BF01184591 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA161 UT WOS:A1995RA16100032 ER PT J AU MOTTOLA, E AF MOTTOLA, E TI FUNCTIONAL-INTEGRATION OVER GEOMETRIES SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIMPLICIAL QUANTUM-GRAVITY; CONFORMAL ANOMALIES; FIELD-THEORY; LINEARIZATION STABILITY; DYNAMIC TRIANGULATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; EINSTEIN EQUATIONS; SCALAR CURVATURE; RANDOM SURFACES; PATH INTEGRALS RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET T8, MS B285, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 75 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 EI 1089-7658 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 36 IS 5 BP 2470 EP 2511 DI 10.1063/1.531359 PG 42 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QX906 UT WOS:A1995QX90600015 ER PT J AU EIMERL, D AUERBACH, JM MILONNI, PW AF EIMERL, D AUERBACH, JM MILONNI, PW TI PARAXIAL WAVE THEORY OF 2ND-HARMONIC AND 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION IN UNIAXIAL CRYSTALS .1. NARROW-BAND PUMP FIELDS SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article ID 0.53 MU-M; LASER; CONVERSION; TARGETS AB We present a paraxial wave formulation of three-wave mixing in a negative uniaxial crystal, including effects of diffraction and transverse walkoff. The theory, though general, is applied specifically to second harmonic generation in KDP with Nd:glass laser radiation, followed by the mixing of the second harmonic with the fundamental in a second KDP crystal to produce third ; harmonic radiation near 0.35 mu m. For applications of interest, which can involve third harmonic conversion efficiencies approaching 90%, walkoff is potentially much more deleterious to conversion than diffraction. However, walkoff is negligible when the angular spectrum of the pump field does not have substantial contributions from spatial frequencies greater than or similar to (aL)(-1), where L is the crystal length and a depends upon the derivative of each extraordinary refractive index with respect to the angle between the optic axis and the direction of wave propagation. A similar result, scaling as L(-1/2) rather than L(-1), holds for diffraction. We consider the case of monochromatic fields in order to isolate the effects of diffraction and transverse walkoff from effects of finite pulse durations and spectral bandwidth, which are addressed in a forthcoming paper. We find that, for inertial confinement fusion applications, neither diffraction nor walkoff should significantly limit the conversion of narrowband 1.05 mu m radiation to 0.35 mu m if the crystals are of high optical quality, and if the input wavefront does not have significant spatial frequency components larger than (aL)(-1). Small phase variations across the input pump wavefront have a negligible effect on conversion efficiencies at low pump intensities, but can significantly reduce third harmonic conversion efficiencies at higher drives. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP EIMERL, D (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 16 TC 35 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1037 EP 1067 DI 10.1080/09500349514550921 PG 31 WC Optics SC Optics GA QX101 UT WOS:A1995QX10100008 ER PT J AU BRENNER, AM ADKINS, BD SPOONER, S DAVIS, BH AF BRENNER, AM ADKINS, BD SPOONER, S DAVIS, BH TI POROSITY BY SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY-SCATTERING (SAXS) - COMPARISON WITH RESULTS FROM MERCURY PENETRATION AND NITROGEN ADSORPTION SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB For several materials showing type-IV nitrogen adsorption behavior, the scatterer size distribution calculated from small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data are shown to be consistent with pore size distributions (POSDS) calculated from nitrogen adsorption, over the range of pore radii from 2.0 to 20 nm. However, since neither pores nor particles are present as a dilute phase, it is not possible to assign unambiguously the SAXS distribution to either pores or particles. C1 CTR APPL ENERGY RES,3572 IRON WORKS PIKE,LEXINGTON,KY 40511. UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD MAY PY 1995 VL 185 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(94)00669-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RA210 UT WOS:A1995RA21000008 ER PT J AU MCLACHLAN, RI SCOVEL, C AF MCLACHLAN, RI SCOVEL, C TI EQUIVARIANT CONSTRAINED SYMPLECTIC INTEGRATION SO JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SYMPLECTIC; INTEGRATOR; MOMENTUM; EQUIVARIANT; CONSTRAINED ID SYSTEMS; SCHEMES AB We use recent results an symplectic integration of Hamiltonian systems with constraints to construct symplectic integrators on cotangent bundles of manifolds by embedding the manifold in a linear space. We also prove that these methods are equivariant under cotangent lifts of a symmetry group acting linearly on the ambient space and consequently preserve the corresponding momentum. These results provide an elementary construction of symplectic integrators for Lie-Poisson systems and other Hamiltonian systems with symmetry. The methods are illustrated on the free rigid body, the heavy top, and the double spherical pendulum. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMP RES GRP C3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MCLACHLAN, RI (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,PROGRAM APPL MATH,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 33 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8974 J9 J NONLINEAR SCI JI J. Nonlinear Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 5 IS 3 BP 233 EP 256 DI 10.1007/BF01212956 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA RA326 UT WOS:A1995RA32600003 ER PT J AU OGAWA, T GIBSON, JK HAIRE, RG GENSINI, MM AKABORI, M AF OGAWA, T GIBSON, JK HAIRE, RG GENSINI, MM AKABORI, M TI THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF ZR-U AND ZR-NP ALLOYS IN VIEW OF F-D INTERACTION SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nuclear Materials, at the 13th IUPAC Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics CY JUL 17-22, 1994 CL CLERMONT-FERRAND, FRANCE SP INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM ID PHASE; CALORIMETRY; TRANSITION; ENTHALPY AB Mixing of the f-states of an actinide metal with the d-states of a transition metal (X) is dependent on both metals and composition. In the Zr-U system, there is an intermediate phase, delta, which could be regarded as an omega-phase solid solution: the omega-structure is stabilized against the alpha-Zr hcp structure by the addition of U. This suggests that there is considerable mixing between the U valence shell and Zr-d-shell, which increases the Zr-d-band occupancy. There is also a delta-like intermediate phase in the Zr-Np system. The mutual solubility of the bcc phases of beta-Zr and gamma-Np, however, appears to be limited, although beta-Zr and gamma-U are completely miscible. Thermodynamic analysis of the Np-Zr phase diagram has shown that the miscibility gap in the bcc phase region can intersect the solidus if the interaction between Zr and Np is comparable to that between Zr and U. A pertinent discussion of systematic trends in alloying U with 4d transition metals is also provided. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP OGAWA, T (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 223 IS 1 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00002-X PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU743 UT WOS:A1995QU74300010 ER PT J AU SINGH, BN EVANS, JH HORSEWELL, A TOFT, P EDWARDS, DJ AF SINGH, BN EVANS, JH HORSEWELL, A TOFT, P EDWARDS, DJ TI MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR OF TZM AND MO-5-PERCENT RE ALLOYS IRRADIATED WITH FISSION NEUTRONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLYBDENUM AB The response of microstructural and mechanical properties of TZM and Mo-5% Re alloys to neutron irradiation are reported. Irradiations were carried out at five temperatures between 323 and 723 K to a dose level of similar to 0.16 dpa. The resulting microstructures consisted of a high density of small loops in both alloys with the addition of characteristic loop rafting in TZM. There was a marked sensitivity of microstructure to temperature. Void formation was found in both TZM and Mo-5% Re after the 623 and 723 K irradiations. The irradiations induced a significant increase in Vickers hardness in all cases but with no obvious dependence on irradiation temperature. Even at the present low neutron dose, large increases in tensile strength and a drastic decrease in ductility were observed. These results are discussed in terms of source hardening of the matrix within grains rather than obstacle hardening. Although the fracture processes are concentrated at the grain boundaries, these are not due to grain boundary embrittlement. C1 UNIV LONDON, DEPT PHYS, EGHAM, SURREY, ENGLAND. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SINGH, BN (reprint author), RISO NATL LAB, DEPT MAT, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. OI Horsewell, Andy/0000-0003-4297-2564 NR 19 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 223 IS 2 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00697-0 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV332 UT WOS:A1995QV33200001 ER PT J AU REST, J HOFMAN, GL AF REST, J HOFMAN, GL TI EFFECT OF RECRYSTALLIZATION IN HIGH-BURNUP UO2 ON GAS-RELEASE DURING RIA-TYPE TRANSIENTS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Letter RP REST, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 223 IS 2 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00021-6 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV332 UT WOS:A1995QV33200016 ER PT J AU ATKINS, HL MAUSNER, LF SRIVASTAVA, SC MEINKEN, GE CABAHUG, CJ DALESSANDRO, T AF ATKINS, HL MAUSNER, LF SRIVASTAVA, SC MEINKEN, GE CABAHUG, CJ DALESSANDRO, T TI TIN-117M(4+)-DTPA FOR PALLIATION OF PAIN FROM OSSEOUS METASTASES - A PILOT-STUDY SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE TIN-117M-DTPA; PAIN PALLIATION; BONE METASTASES AB The physical and biological attributes of Sn-117m(4+)-DTPA indicate that it should be an effective agent for palliative therapy of painful bony metastatic disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not this agent could effectively reduce pain while sparing the hemopoietic marrow from adverse effects. Methods: Fifteen patients (10 males and 5 females) with painful bony metastases from various primary cancers were included in the study. Seven patients received 1.22 to 3.11 MBq/kg of Sn-117m intravenously (Group 1) and eight patients received 4.85 to 5.77 MBq/kg (Group 2). All but one were treated as outpatients and followed for a minimum of 2 mo. Results: In the first group, pain relief was nonassessable in four patients because of death or additional treatment of soft-tissue disease by another modality. One patient had no relief of pain, one had complete relief of pain and one had transient relief of pain. No myelotoxicity was observed. For Group 2, three patients achieved complete relief of pain, two good relief, two partial relief and one began to experience pain relief when he suffered a pathological fracture 2 mo post-treatment. None of these patients had myelotoxicity. Conclusion: Tin-117m(4+)-DTPA can reduce pain from metastatic disease to bone without inducing adverse reactions related to bone marrow. Further studies are needed to assess tolerance levels for the bone marrow and to evaluate response rates and duration of effect. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT RADIOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT NUCL MED,NORTHPORT,NY. RP ATKINS, HL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,BOX 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 36 IS 5 BP 725 EP 729 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QW608 UT WOS:A1995QW60800008 PM 7537804 ER PT J AU BREITZ, HB DURHAM, JS FISHER, DR WEIDEN, PL DENARDO, GL GOODGOLD, HM NELP, WB AF BREITZ, HB DURHAM, JS FISHER, DR WEIDEN, PL DENARDO, GL GOODGOLD, HM NELP, WB TI PHARMACOKINETICS AND NORMAL ORGAN DOSIMETRY FOLLOWING INTRAPERITONEAL RHENIUM-186-LABELED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE DOSIMETRY; INTRAPERITONEAL; RE-186; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ID PHASE-I TRIALS; OVARIAN MALIGNANCIES; CHROMIC PHOSPHATE; RADIATION; B72.3; ADENOCARCINOMA; EXPERIENCE; CARCINOMA; CANCER AB Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and radiation dose estimates following intraperitoneal administration of a Re-186-labeled murine antibody, NR-LU-10, were assessed in 27 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Methods: Quantitative gamma camera imaging and gamma counting of serum and intraperitoneal fluid radioactivity were used to obtain data for dosimetry estimation. The MIRD intraperitoneal model was used to estimate dose to normal organs from radioactivity within the peritoneal cavity. The absorbed dose to normal peritoneum was estimated in two ways: from the gamma camera activity and peritoneal fluid samples. Results: Serum activity peaked at 44 hr and depended on the concentration of radioactivity in the peritoneal fluid. Mean cumulative urinary excretion of Re-186 was 50% by 140 hr. Estimates of radiation absorbed dose to normal organs in rad/mCi administered (mean +/- s.d.) were whole body 0.7 +/- 0.3; marrow 0.4 +/- 0.1; liver 1.9 +/- 0.9; lungs 1.3 +/- 0.7; kidneys 0.2 +/- 0.2; intestine 0.2 +/- 0.2. Peritoneal surface dose estimates varied depending on the volume of fluid infused and the method of dose determination. Using gamma camera data, the peritoneal dose ranged from 7 to 36 rad/mCi. Using peritoneal fluid sample data, the dose ranged from 2 to 25 rad/mCi. Significant myelosuppression was observed at marrow doses above 100 rad. Conclusion: Noninvasive methods of dose estimation for intraperitoneal administration of radioimmunoconjugates provide reasonable estimates when compared with previously described methods. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT RADIOL & MED, DIV NUCL MED, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV CALIF SACRAMENTO, RADIODIAG THERAPY SECT, SACRAMENTO, CA USA. ST LOUIS UNIV, DIV NUCL MED, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA. RP BREITZ, HB (reprint author), VIRGINIA MASON MED CTR, DEPT MED, C5-NM, POB 900, SEATTLE, WA 98111 USA. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 36 IS 5 BP 754 EP 761 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QW608 UT WOS:A1995QW60800012 PM 7738644 ER PT J AU HENDRICKSON, B PLIMPTON, S AF HENDRICKSON, B PLIMPTON, S TI PARALLEL MANY-BODY SIMULATIONS WITHOUT ALL-TO-ALL COMMUNICATION SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALGORITHMS; HYPERCUBES AB Simulations of interacting particles are common in science and engineering, appearing in such diverse disciplines as astrophysics, fluid dynamics, molecular physics, and materials science. These simulations are often computationally intensive and so are natural candidates for massively parallel computing. Many-body simulations that directly compute interactions between pairs of particles, be they short-range or long-range interactions, have been parallelized in several standard ways. The simplest approaches require all-to-all communication, an expensive communication step. The fastest methods assign a group of nearby particles to a processor, which can lead to load imbalance and be difficult to implement efficiently. We present a new approach, suitable for direct simulations, that avoids ah-to-all communication without requiring any geometric clustering. We demonstrate its utility in several parallel molecular dynamics simulations and compare performance against other parallel approaches. The new algorithm proves to be fastest for simulations of up to several thousand particles. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT PARALLEL COMPUTAT SCI,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HENDRICKSON, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT APPL & NUMER MATH,TECH STAFF,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0743-7315 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 27 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1006/jpdc.1995.1068 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA RC021 UT WOS:A1995RC02100002 ER PT J AU KARE, JT AF KARE, JT TI LASER-POWERED HEAT-EXCHANGER ROCKET FOR GROUND-TO-ORBIT LAUNCH SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID PROPULSION AB A hydrogen-fueled thruster heated by a ground-based laser can produce a specific impulse of 500-800 s, sufficient to reach Earth orbit with plausible single-stage mass ratios, at exhaust temperatures of 1000-2000 K. At these low temperatures, a solid heat exchanger can he both cheap and efficient. A heat-exchanger-based thruster has a fundamental advantage over other laser-heated engines in that it is omnivorous; any laser wavelength or pulse format is acceptable. A low-cost, lightweight planar heat exchanger configuration is presented that retains much of the simplicity of pulsed solid-propellant laser thrusters, and which may permit quick development of a launch system able to launch payloads of >1 kg/MW of laser power into low Earth orbit. RP KARE, JT (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV O,M-S L-278,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 11 IS 3 BP 535 EP 543 DI 10.2514/3.23875 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA QZ089 UT WOS:A1995QZ08900019 ER PT J AU YANG, SL CLINE, MC AF YANG, SL CLINE, MC TI EFFICIENT MAPPING TOPOLOGY FOR TURBINE COMBUSTORS WITH INCLINED SLOTS STAGGERED HOLES SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Note C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP T3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP YANG, SL (reprint author), MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN & ENGN MECH,HOUGHTON,MI 49931, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 11 IS 3 BP 572 EP 574 DI 10.2514/3.23882 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA QZ089 UT WOS:A1995QZ08900026 ER PT J AU BRODZINSKI, RL MILEY, HS REEVES, JH AVIGNONE, FT AF BRODZINSKI, RL MILEY, HS REEVES, JH AVIGNONE, FT TI LOW-BACKGROUND GERMANIUM SPECTROMETRY - THE BOTTOM LINE 3 YEARS LATER SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB Three years ago, state-of-the-art low-background germanium spectrometry was discussed, and speculations were advanced as to the origin of the remaining background. Some of those speculations have been shown to be incorrect. Contemporary lead shielding contains approximate to 100 Bg/kg of Pb-210. Our 450-year-old lead was shown to contain <100 mBq/kg. A high purity electroformed copper Marinelli shield was placed around the detector with no effect on the background, which implied that (he source is other than the 450-year-old shield. A new limit on the Pb-210 in this old lead shield is <9 mBq/kg. Electroformed copper components were found to contain Ra-226 and Th-228 contaminations at levels of 3500 and 110 mu Bq/kg, respectively. High purity H2SO4, recrystallized CuSO4, and a BaSO4 scavenge in the electroforming bath have reduced these contaminations to <25 and 9 mu Bq/kg, respectively. In copper cosmic ray induced nuclear reactions are now the dominant source of radioactivity. For example, Co-58 can be readily measured after only a 24-hour exposure at sea level. A new germanium spectrometer containing 2150 grams of 87.44% enriched Ge-76 has been fabricated to mitigate the effect of cosmogenic Ge-68 in the background. Current background spectra are presented, and potential sources identified. C1 UNIV S CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. RP PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1007/BF02041917 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300007 ER PT J AU HOFSTETTER, KJ HAYES, DW PENDERGAST, MM AF HOFSTETTER, KJ HAYES, DW PENDERGAST, MM TI AERIAL ROBOTIC DATA-ACQUISITION SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect ID WATER AB A small, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with sensors for physical and chemical measurements of remote environments, is described. A miniature helicopter airframe is used as a platform for sensor testing and development. The sensor output is integrated with the flight control system for real-time, interactive, data acquisition and analysis. Pre-programmed flight missions will be flown with several sensors to demonstrate the cost-effective surveillance capabilities of this new technology. RP HOFSTETTER, KJ (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 89 EP 92 DI 10.1007/BF02041920 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300010 ER PT J AU REEVES, JH ARTHUR, RJ BRODZINSKI, RL SHEPARD, CL AF REEVES, JH ARTHUR, RJ BRODZINSKI, RL SHEPARD, CL TI A TUBE-EXCITED X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER FOR USE IN SMALL-DIAMETER BOREHOLES SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB A portable in-situ x-ray fluorescence analytical system that uses an x-ray tube excitation source and a cooled Si(Li) spectrometer for detecting characteristic emission x rays has been developed for use in small-diameter wells and boreholes. The 15-watt, iron-anode x-ray tube operates up to 30 kV. Three wells at the Sandia National Laboratory Chemical Waste Landfill, lined with 76 mu thick polyethylene, were logged specifically for Cr contamination. Detection limits below 50 ppm were achieved with counting intervals of 600 seconds and with the Si(Li) detector operating at 450-eV resolution (full width at half maximum [FWHM] for the Mn K-alpha x ray). RP REEVES, JH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1007/BF02041921 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300011 ER PT J AU ABEL, KH SCHILK, AJ BROWN, DP KNOPF, MA THOMPSON, RC PERKINS, RW AF ABEL, KH SCHILK, AJ BROWN, DP KNOPF, MA THOMPSON, RC PERKINS, RW TI CHARACTERIZATION AND CALIBRATION OF A LARGE-AREA BETA-SCINTILLATION DETECTOR FOR DETERMINATION OF SR-90 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB A large area beta scintillation detector has been developed which is currently capable of determining Sr-90/Y-90 contamination in surficial soils. The detector system employs scintillating fiber optic arrays, with active dimensions approximately 15 cm wide by 100 an long, both ends of which are coupled to multiple photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). Electronic processing includes coincidence requirements to optimize sensitivity and selectivity for the 2.28 MeV (maximum) beta particle from Y-90. Low energy beta particles and gamma rays are discriminated against using double ended and multi-layer coincidence requirements. The detector system is personal-computer-software controlled and data restored in a format compatible with standard database software for ease of final data reduction. Experimental calibration studies have shown a linear response for Sr-90/Y-90 soil concentrations from 12 to over 500 pCi/g and a discrimination factor of 50 to 1 versus Cs-137. RP ABEL, KH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1007/BF02041922 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300012 ER PT J AU SCHILK, AJ ABEL, KH BROWN, DP THOMPSON, RC KNOPF, MA HUBBARD, CW AF SCHILK, AJ ABEL, KH BROWN, DP THOMPSON, RC KNOPF, MA HUBBARD, CW TI SELECTIVE, HIGH-ENERGY BETA-SCINTILLATION SENSOR FOR REAL-TIME, IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF U-238 AND SR-90 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB A novel scintillating-fiber sensor for detecting high-energy beta particles has been designed and built at the Pacific Northwest Labaratory to characterize U-238 and Sr-90 in surface soils. High-energy betas generate unique signals as they pass through multiple layers of scintillating fibers that make up the active region of the detector. Lower-energy beta particles, gamma rays, and cosmic-ray-generated particles comprise the majority of the background interferences. The resulting signals produced by these latter phenomena are effectively discriminated against due to the combination of the sensor's multi-layer configuration and its interlayer coincidence/anti-coincidence circuitry. RP SCHILK, AJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1007/BF02041923 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300013 ER PT J AU GRANT, PM WHIPPLE, RE BAZAN, F BRUNK, JL RUSSO, RE ANDRESEN, BD AF GRANT, PM WHIPPLE, RE BAZAN, F BRUNK, JL RUSSO, RE ANDRESEN, BD TI SEARCH FOR EVIDENCE OF NUCLEAR INVOLVEMENT IN THE FATAL EXPLOSION OF A COLD-FUSION EXPERIMENT SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB Forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of an electrochemical ''cold fusion'' cell at SRI International were conducted at LLNL at the request of Cal-OSHA. One investigation focused on the possibility of conventional nuclear reaction mechanisms contributing to the total energy inventory of the incident. Selected metal components of the electrolysis apparatus were subjected to nondestructive gamma-ray spectrometry with high-sensitivity, low-background Ge detector systems. The anticipated analytes in these studies were radioactivation products potentially induced in the explosion residue by either fast or thermal neutrons. The results of this investigation were negative within the temporal constraints of the incident and the analytical sensitivities of the instrumentation. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV NUCL CHEM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & ECOL ASSESSMENT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GRANT, PM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR FORENS SCI,L-371,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 193 IS 1 BP 165 EP 169 DI 10.1007/BF02041930 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RC233 UT WOS:A1995RC23300020 ER PT J AU VANCE, DE ROBINSON, L AF VANCE, DE ROBINSON, L TI VALIDATION OF NAA DATA FOR A BACKGROUND SOILS CHARACTERIZATION PROJECT SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB Background soils from areas around the United States Department of Energy facilities in Oak Ridge, Tennessee were characterized as part of an environmental restoration project. The data obtained in this project were validated using guidelines from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Contract Laboratory Program (CLP), when EPA methods were used. However, there are no final EPA guidelines for validation of data obtained using, radiochemical analytical methods, so procedures for validation had to be developed. This paper will describe the validation guidelines that were developed for neutron activation analysis (NAA) data and discuss the regulatory basis for them. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP VANCE, DE (reprint author), ANALYT SERV ORG,Y-12 PLANT,BLDG 9769,MS 8081,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 192 IS 2 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1007/BF02041737 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RA209 UT WOS:A1995RA20900017 ER PT J AU GLASGOW, DC DYER, FF ROBINSON, L AF GLASGOW, DC DYER, FF ROBINSON, L TI METHODS FOR PREPARING COMPARATIVE STANDARDS AND FIELD SAMPLES FOR NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF SOIL SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry (MARC-III) CY APR 10-16, 1994 CL KAILUA KONA, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc, Div Isotopes & Radiat, Amer Nucl Soc, Div Biol & Med, Amer Nucl Soc, NO Calif Sect AB One of the more difficult problems associated with comparative neutron activation analysis (CNAA) is the preparation of standards which are tailor-made to the desired irradiation and counting conditions. Frequently, there simply is not a suitable standard available commercially, or the resulting gamma spectrum is convoluted with interferences. In a recent soil analysis project, the need arose for standards which contained about 35 elements. In response, a computer spreadsheet was developed to calculate the appropriate amount of each element so that the resulting gamma spectrum is relatively free of interferences. Incorporated in the program are options for calculating all of the irradiation and counting parameters including activity produced, necessary flux/bombardment time, counting time, and appropriate source-to-detector distance. The result is multi-element standards for CNAA which have optimal concentrations. The program retains ease of use without sacrificing capability. In addition to optimized standard production, a novel soil homogenization technique was developed which is a low cost, highly efficient alternative to commercially available homogenization systems. Comparative neutron activation analysis for large scale projects has been made easier through these advancements. This paper contains details of the design and function of the NAA spreadsheet and innovative sample handling techniques. RP GLASGOW, DC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 192 IS 2 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1007/BF02041741 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RA209 UT WOS:A1995RA20900021 ER PT J AU HULL, DG SALGUERO, DE AF HULL, DG SALGUERO, DE TI MISSILE SIZING FOR ASCENT-PHASE INTERCEPT SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB A computer code has been developed to determine the size of a ground-launched, multistage missile that can intercept a theater ballistic missile before it leaves the atmosphere. Typical final conditions for the interceptor are 450-km range, 60-km altitude, and 80-s flight time. Given the payload mass, which includes a kinetic kill vehicle, and achievable values for the stage mass fractions, the stage specific impulses, and the vehicle density, the launch mass is minimized with respect to the stage payload mass ratios, the stage burn times, and the missile angle-of-attack history subject to limits on the angle of attack, the dynamic pressure, and the maneuver toad. For a conical body, the minimum launch mass is approximately 1900 kg. The missile has three stages, and the payload coasts for 57 s. A trade study is performed by varying the flight time, the range, and the dynamic pressure limits. A more detailed design is carried out for a particular missile to determine the heat-shield mass. The added heat-shield mass reduces the prescribed range by 100 km. Air-launching the same missile increases its range by 100 km. Finally, sizing the intercepter for air launch reduces its mass to approximately 1000 kg. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR AEROSP SYST DEV,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HULL, DG (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 32 IS 3 BP 445 EP 449 DI 10.2514/3.26635 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA RC460 UT WOS:A1995RC46000010 ER PT J AU KOONTZ, SL LEGER, LJ RICKMAN, SL HAKES, CL BUI, DT HUNTON, DE CROSS, JB AF KOONTZ, SL LEGER, LJ RICKMAN, SL HAKES, CL BUI, DT HUNTON, DE CROSS, JB TI OXYGEN INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS .3. MISSION AND INDUCED ENVIRONMENTS SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIANCE COMPARISON EXPERIMENT-1; SOLAR AB The Evaluation of Oxygen Interactions with Materials III (EOIM-III) flight experiment was developed to obtain benchmark atomic-oxygen-material reactivity data. The experiment was conducted during Space Shuttle mission 46, July 31 to August 7, 1992. Quantitative interpretation of the materials reactivity measurements requires a complete and accurate definition of the space environment exposure, including the thermal history of the payload, the solar ultraviolet exposure, the atomic-oxygen fluence, and any spacecraft outgassing and contamination effects. The thermal history of the payload was measured using 11 thermocouple sensors placed behind selected samples and on the EOIM-III payload structure. The solar ultraviolet exposure history of the EOIM-III payload was determined by analysis of the as-flown orbit and vehicle attitude combined with daily average solar ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet fluxes. The atomic-oxygen fluence was assessed in three ways. First, the O-atom fluence was calculated using a program that incorporates the MSIS-86 atmospheric model, the as-flown Space Shuttle trajectory, and solar activity parameters. Second, it was estimated directly from Kapton film erosion. Third, ambient O-atom measurements were made using the quadrupole mass spectrometer on the EOIM-III payload. As of this writing, our best estimate of the O-atom fluence is (2.3 +/- 0.3) X 10(20) atoms/cm(2). Finally, results of postflight surface analysis of selected samples by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate low levels of molecular contamination on the payload surface. C1 LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO INC,HOUSTON,TX 77058. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IONOSPHER PHYS BRANCH,BEDFORD,MA 01731. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KOONTZ, SL (reprint author), NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058, USA. NR 19 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 32 IS 3 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.2514/3.26640 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA RC460 UT WOS:A1995RC46000015 ER PT J AU KOONTZ, SL LEGER, LJ VISENTINE, JT HUNTON, DE CROSS, JB HAKES, CL AF KOONTZ, SL LEGER, LJ VISENTINE, JT HUNTON, DE CROSS, JB HAKES, CL TI EOIM-III MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND POLYMER CHEMISTRY - STS-46, JULY-AUGUST 1992 SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC OXYGEN; POLYIMIDE FILMS AB The Evaluation of Oxygen Interactions with Materials III space-flight experiment was developed to obtain benchmark atomic-oxygen reactivity data and wits conducted during Space Transportation System Mission 46. We present an overview of the flight experiment and the results of the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center polymer chemistry and mass-spectrometer-carousel experiments. Mass-spectrometric measurements of gaseous products formed by O-atom reaction with C-13-labeled Kaptan(TM) revealed CO, CO2, H2O, NO, and NO2. By operating the mass spectrometer to detect naturally occurring ionospheric species, we characterized the ambient ionosphere at various times during the flight experiment and detected the gaseous reaction products formed when ambient ions interacted with the C-13 Kapton carousel sector, Direct comparison of the results of on-orbit O-atom exposures with those conducted in ground-based laboratory systems, which provide known O-atom fluences and translational energies, demonstrated the strong translational-energy dependence of O-atom reactions with a variety of polymers. A line-of-centers reactive scattering model was shown to provide a reasonably accurate description of the translational-energy dependence of polymer reactions with O atoms at high atom kinetic energies, and a Beckede-Ceyer model provided an accurate description of O-atom reactivity over a three-order-of-magnitude range in translational energy and a four-order-of-magnitude range in reaction efficiency. Postflight studies of the polymer samples by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy demonstrate that O-atom attack is confined to the near-surface region of the sample, that is, within 50 to 100 Angstrom of the surface. C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IONOSPHER PHYS BRANCH,BEDFORD,MA 01731. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO,HOUSTON,TX 77058. RP KOONTZ, SL (reprint author), NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058, USA. NR 29 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 32 IS 3 BP 483 EP 495 DI 10.2514/3.26641 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA RC460 UT WOS:A1995RC46000016 ER PT J AU CROSS, JB KOONTZ, SL HUNTON, DE AF CROSS, JB KOONTZ, SL HUNTON, DE TI FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER CALIBRATION IN A HIGH-VELOCITY ATOMIC-OXYGEN BEAM SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB Calibration and characterization of the quadrupole mass-spectrometer component of the Evaluation of Oxygen Interactions with Materials III space-flight experiment are reported in this paper. A high-velocity atom beam system was used to characterize the response of the flight mass spectrometer to high-velocity oxygen atoms (0.8 to 2.5 eV). The response factor based on oxygen atom flux in the high-velocity beam was found to be logarithmically dependent on the exposure history of the instrument, i.e., the calibration factor was logarithmically dependent on atomic oxygen fluence. This dependence was independent of the background pressure over the range between 10(-6) and 10(-4) Torr. Subsequent contamination of the instrument restored the instrument sensitivity to the original value before exposure to atomic oxygen. Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water were observed in the mass spectrometer whenever high-velocity oxygen atoms were present. The intensity of reaction products caused by interaction of atomic oxygen with contaminated surfaces within the instrument decreases with increasing atomic oxygen fluence, whereas O-2 resulting from recombination of atomic oxygen on surfaces increases with fluence. C1 NASA,JOHNSON SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01713. RP CROSS, JB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 32 IS 3 BP 496 EP 501 DI 10.2514/3.26642 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA RC460 UT WOS:A1995RC46000017 ER PT J AU YANG, XL DALE, EC DIAZ, J SHYAMALA, G AF YANG, XL DALE, EC DIAZ, J SHYAMALA, G TI ESTROGEN-DEPENDENT EXPRESSION OF HEAT-SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR - IMPLICATIONS FOR UTERINE SYNTHESIS OF HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENES; STRESS; ACTIVATION; CLONING AB Transcriptional induction of heat shock protein genes is generally mediated by binding of heat shock transcription factor(s) to the heat shock element present in the promoters of heat shock genes. Although the steady-state levels of heat shock factor mRNAs vary among different tissues, at present virtually nothing is known regarding the cellular signals responsible for their synthesis and hence the observed variations. In this report we demonstrate that the heat shock transcription factor (HSTF or HSF) is under positive regulation by estrogen. The effect of estrogen was observed with both types of heat shock factors (HSF-1 and HSF-2) and occurred at both the mRNA and protein level. Immunolocalization studies emphasized the potential biological importance of these observations whereby the increase in uterine HSF-1 and HSF-2 due to estrogen was found to be associated with the endometrium, the primary tissue component which is targeted for estrogen action. This is the first demonstration of a cellular factor which can regulate HSF-1 and HSF-2 gene expression. The implications of these findings to uterine heat shock protein gene expression are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA54828] NR 20 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 415 EP 419 DI 10.1016/0960-0760(94)00191-N PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RA174 UT WOS:A1995RA17400003 PM 7748806 ER PT J AU ALLEN, MJ BRADBURY, EM BALHORN, R AF ALLEN, MJ BRADBURY, EM BALHORN, R TI THE NATURAL SUBCELLULAR SURFACE-STRUCTURE OF THE BOVINE SPERM CELL SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; MAMMALIAN SPERMATOZOA; BULL; DEFECTS; TAIL; DNA AB We used atomic force microscopy (AFM), which utilizes a novel 3D image-contrast mechanism, to obtain nanometer-resolved, topographic data images of the natural surface structures of untreated bovine sperm cells. Freshly ejaculated, thawed, sonicated, and demembranated bovine sperm were adsorbed passively or by motility from suspension onto a coverglass substrate and directly imaged in normal air and saline environments without damaging the cells. Our AFM images of the surface structures of unfixed sperm imaged in normal air were consistent with previous electron microscope results on frozen or fixed sperm, demonstrating that the accurate preservation of small cellular structures is achievable using greatly simplified AFM sample preparation and imaging environments. Our AFM results also indicate that imaging sperm in physiologic buffer provides more native views of sperm due to the retention of cytoplasmic structures easily disrupted by drying forces. In addition, the AFM images show that numerous nanometer-sized subcellular structures of the sperm head and tail regions could be clearly visualized on rapidly prepared, unfixed, intact cells. Consequently, AFM should be considered a new tool for studying sperm structure abnormalities and monitoring the specific effects of, or damage caused by, various chemical reactants or other treatments on the structures of metabolically active or partially demembranated sperm. AFM is now emerging as an important new structural technique for imaging hydrated cells and organelles and, in addition, has the capabilities to physically ''interrogate'' them with the local probe, (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ALLEN, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 25 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 114 IS 3 BP 197 EP 208 DI 10.1006/jsbi.1995.1019 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA RN952 UT WOS:A1995RN95200005 PM 7662487 ER PT J AU QUINTANA, JP HART, M AF QUINTANA, JP HART, M TI ADAPTIVE SILICON MONOCHROMATORS FOR HIGH-POWER WIGGLERS - DESIGN, FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY TESTS SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE X-RAY OPTICS; HIGH HEAT LOAD OPTICS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; WIGGLERS ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCES; X-RAY MONOCHROMATORS; CRYSTAL OPTICS; PERFORMANCE; BEAMS AB Multipole wigglers in storage rings already produce X-ray power in the range up to a few kilowatts and planned devices at third-generation facilities promise up to 30 kW. Although the power density at the monochromator position is an order of magnitude lower than that from undulators, the thermal strain field in the beam footprint can still cause severe loss of performance in X-ray optical systems. For an optimized adaptive design, the results of finite-element analysis are compared with double-crystal rocking curves obtained with a laboratory X-ray source and, in a second paper [Quintana, Hart, Bilderback, Henderson, Richter, Setterson, White, Hausermann, Krumrey and Schulte-Schrepping (1995). J. Synchotron Rad. 2, 1-5], successful tests at wiggler sources at CHESS and ESRF and in an undulator source at HASYLAB are reported. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT PHYS,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP QUINTANA, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,SYNCHROTRON RES CTR,CAT,DND,SECTOR 5,BLDG 400,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY 1 PY 1995 VL 2 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1107/S0909049595004146 PN 3 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA RP380 UT WOS:A1995RP38000001 PM 16714802 ER PT J AU SHOUP, SS HAVERLOCK, TJ BAMBERGER, CE AF SHOUP, SS HAVERLOCK, TJ BAMBERGER, CE TI SOLID-SOLUTIONS WITHIN SELECTED SRO-LNO(1.5)-TIO2 SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A region of selected SrO-LnO(1.5)-TiO2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, or Nd) systems was studied experimentally using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). A series of solid solutions with composition Sr(4-x)Ln(2x/3)Ti(4)O(12) having tetragonally distorted perovskite structures was found to exist along the tie line connecting SrTiO3 and Ln(2)Ti(3)O(9). Reactions of SrLn(2)Ti(4)O(12), representative compounds of the series, with SrO were also studied. Additionally, the solubility of TiO2 in Ln(2)O(3) . (3TiO(2-m)) (Ln = La, Pr, or Nd) at 1300 degrees C was investigated using XRD. RP SHOUP, SS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 78 IS 5 BP 1261 EP 1264 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08479.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QZ087 UT WOS:A1995QZ08700020 ER PT J AU BAE, YW LEE, WY STINTON, DP AF BAE, YW LEE, WY STINTON, DP TI EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND REAGENT CONCENTRATION ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF CHEMICALLY VAPOR-DEPOSITED BETA-TA2O5 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TA2O5 FILMS AB Crystalline beta-Ta2O5 coatings mere deposited on hot-isostatically-pressed Si3N4 by reacting TaCl5 with H-2 and CO2 in the temperature range of 1000 degrees-1300 degrees C and at a pressure of 660 Pa, The Ta2O5 coatings generally consisted of well-coalesced 2-3 mu m grains, resulting in the formation of a nonporous coating morphology. However, the presence of microcracks on the as-deposited surface was consistently observed, The surface morphology, texture, and growth rate of the coatings were examined as a function of deposition parameters. RP BAE, YW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 78 IS 5 BP 1297 EP 1300 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08485.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QZ087 UT WOS:A1995QZ08700026 ER PT J AU PEROVICH, SJ SANDOVAL, WM AF PEROVICH, SJ SANDOVAL, WM TI OUTCOMES OF A WORKSITE CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION-PROGRAM OVER A 5-YEAR PERIOD SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Note ID REDUCTION PROGRAM C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,NUTR DIETET PROGRAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP PEROVICH, SJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ORG 3335,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 95 IS 5 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00161-1 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QX157 UT WOS:A1995QX15700022 PM 7722197 ER PT J AU MUKERJEE, S SRINIVASAN, S SORIAGA, MP MCBREEN, J AF MUKERJEE, S SRINIVASAN, S SORIAGA, MP MCBREEN, J TI ROLE OF STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES OF PT AND PT ALLOYS ON ELECTROCATALYSIS OF OXYGEN REDUCTION - AN IN-SITU XANES AND EXAFS INVESTIGATION SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; PLATINUM LOADING ELECTRODES; MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; FINE-STRUCTURE; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; MONOCHROMATOR; SPECTROSCOPY; KINETICS; CLUSTERS; SPECTRA AB The electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on five binary Pt alloys (PtCr/C, PtMn/C, PtFe/C, PtCo/C, and PtNi/C) supported on high surface area carbon in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell was investigated. All the alloy electrocatalysts exhibited a high degree of crystallinity with the primary phase of the type Pt(3)M (LI(2) structure with fcc type lattice) and a secondary phase (only minor contribution from this phase) being of the type PtM (LI(0) structure with tetragonal lattice) as evidenced from x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The electrode kinetic studies on the Pt alloys at 95 degrees C and 5 atm pressure showed a two- to threefold increase in the exchange current densities and the current density at 900 mV as well as a decrease in the overvoltage at 10 mA cm(-2) relative to Pt/C electrocatalyst. The PtCr/C alloy exhibited the best performance. In situ EXAFS and XANES analysis at potentials in the double-layer region [0.54 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)] revealed (i) all the alloys possess higher Pt d-band vacancies per atom (with the exception of PtMn/C alloy) relative to Pt/C electrocatalyst and (ii) contractions in the Pt-Pt bond distances which confirmed the results from err situ XRD analysis. A potential excursion to 0.84 V vs. RHE showed that, in contrast to the Pt alloys, the Pt/C electrocatalyst exhibits a significant increase in the Pt d-band vacancies per atom. This increase, in Pt/C has been rationalized as being due to adsorption of OH species from the electrolyte following a Temkin isotherm behavior, which does not occur on the Pt alloys. Correlation of the electronic (Pt d-band vacancies) and geometric (Pt-Pt bond distance) with the electrochemical performance characteristics exhibits a volcano type behavior with the PtCr/C alloy being at the top of the curve. The enhanced electrocatalysis by the alloys therefore can be rationalized on the basis of the interplay between the electronic and geometric factors on one hand and their effect on the chemisorption behavior of OH species from the electrolyte. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MUKERJEE, S (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR ELECTROCHEM SYST & HYDROGEN RES,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. RI Soriaga, Manuel/D-5637-2015 OI Soriaga, Manuel/0000-0002-0077-6226 NR 51 TC 772 Z9 782 U1 38 U2 312 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1409 EP 1422 DI 10.1149/1.2048590 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500014 ER PT J AU BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J AF BATTAGLIA, V NEWMAN, J TI MODELING OF A GROWING OXIDE FILM - THE IRON IRON-OXIDE SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID STATE PASSIVE FILMS; ANODIC-OXIDATION; GROWTH; KINETICS; NICKEL; DEFECTS AB The full set of equations necessary for describing the growth of an oxide film is presented. The analysis includes methods of combining equations for systems with rapid kinetics and a derivation of the high-field equation. The boundary conditions on the flux equations, Poisson's equation, and the velocity of the interface are also discussed. The methodology is then applied to the iron/iron oxide system, including reactions of electrons and iron interstitials at the metal/oxide and oxide/solution interfaces. Simulations, using the low-field equation, are compared to experimental results. It is found, in agreement with experiments, that passivation does not occur until 200 mV above the potential where the formation of an oxide is thermodynamically possible: the oxide formation reaction is overwhelmed by-the fast kinetics of the iron dissolution to ferrous ions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BATTAGLIA, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 42 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1423 EP 1430 DI 10.1149/1.2048591 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500015 ER PT J AU MHO, S ORTIZ, B PARK, SM INGERSOLL, D DODDAPANENI, N AF MHO, S ORTIZ, B PARK, SM INGERSOLL, D DODDAPANENI, N TI SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES OF METALLOPHTHALOCYANINES ADSORBED ON ELECTRODE SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL PHTHALOCYANINES; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; COBALT PHTHALOCYANINES; GRAPHITE-ELECTRODES; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; IRON; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; REDUCTION; SPECTRA AB Co(II)- and Fe(II)-phthalocyanines adsorbed on platinum and various carbon electrode surfaces have been studied by spectroelectrochemical techniques. The metallophthalocyanine (MPc) films were prepared on substrate electrodes by a drop-dry method after dissolving them in pyridine. While not much change in the spectroscopic properties is observed for MPcs adsorbed at the platinum electrode, both the Soret and Q bands were significantly broadened when adsorbed on the carbon electrodes. Also, the metal-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) bands are observed from CoPc films adsorbed on carbon substrates even if they are not reduced. These observations lead to the conclusion that the MPc molecules not only undergo oligomerization but also interact strongly with carbon surfaces by perhaps sharing the pi-electrons of carbon. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP MHO, S (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1436 EP 1441 DI 10.1149/1.2048593 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500017 ER PT J AU GE, JS JOHNSON, DC AF GE, JS JOHNSON, DC TI ELECTROCATALYSIS OF ANODIC OXYGEN-TRANSFER REACTIONS - ALIPHATIC-AMINES AT MIXED SILVER-LEAD OXIDE-FILM ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PULSED AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION; FLOW-INJECTION SYSTEMS; COPPER ELECTRODE; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ALKALINE SOLUTION; ACIDS; SEPARATION; PARAMETERS; DIOXIDE AB Results are described from research directed to the discovery of new anode materials suitable for obtaining stable and sensitive response when applied at constant potential for the amperometric detection of organic amines. Voltammetric and amperometric results are compared for detection of selected organic amines in carbonate buffer (pH 10) at,mixed silver-lead oxide films prepared by electrodeposition on platinum substrates and by anodization of Ag-Pb alloys. Anodic response is observed at both electrodes for ethylamine, N-ethylmethylamine, trimethylamine, ethanolamine, and L-alanine. However, data indicate that the oxide electrode formed by anodization of Ag-Pb alloys is superior with regard to stability of response. On the basis of flow-injection detection using constant applied potential in carbonate buffer, linear dynamic ranges (r(2) > 0.99) are at least three decades for selected primary secondary, tertiary, alkanolamine, and amino acids in carbonate buffer (pH 10), with detection limits (S/N = 3) of ca. 0.3 mu M (i.e., 6 pmol per 20 mu l injection). Results are presented for the characterization of these films using x-ray diffractometry, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP GE, JS (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1525 EP 1531 DI 10.1149/1.2048607 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500030 ER PT J AU ALDRIDGE, FT AF ALDRIDGE, FT TI HIGH-SPEED ANISOTROPIC REACTIVE ION ETCHING OF GOLD-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Etching of gold films using chlorine gas was investigated using a parallel plate reactive ion etching machine. Etch rates of 4400 to 9800 Angstrom min(-1) were achieved with power levels of 200 to 400 W and pressures of 50 to 100 mTorr. The gold film was patterned with an SiO2 mask. The lower electrode and sample were heated to 125 degrees C. Under these conditions the etch was anisotropic with no undercutting and no redeposition of gold on the sample. Linewidths as small as 0.5 mu m and etch depths of 5 mu m were produced. RP ALDRIDGE, FT (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1563 EP 1565 DI 10.1149/1.2048613 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500036 ER PT J AU GUILINGER, TR KELLY, MJ CHASON, EH HEADLEY, TJ HOWARD, AJ AF GUILINGER, TR KELLY, MJ CHASON, EH HEADLEY, TJ HOWARD, AJ TI NONDESTRUCTIVE MEASUREMENT OF POROUS SILICON THICKNESS USING X-RAY REFLECTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SI; LUMINESCENCE; SCATTERING; FILMS; RAMAN AB In this paper, we describe a nondestructive method based on x-ray reflectivity for measuring the thickness of porous silicon layers as well as the interfacial roughness between the porous silicon and the single-crystal silicon substrate. Thickness and interfacial roughness measured using this method compare favorably with values measured using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy but differ from values obtained by gravimetric techniques for porous silicon layers thinner than 150 nm. RP GUILINGER, TR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87175, USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1634 EP 1636 DI 10.1149/1.2048627 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500049 ER PT J AU BROSHA, EL CHUNG, BW GARZON, FH RAISTRICK, ID HOULTON, RJ HAWLEY, ME AF BROSHA, EL CHUNG, BW GARZON, FH RAISTRICK, ID HOULTON, RJ HAWLEY, ME TI IN SITU GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LA0.8SR0.2COO3 PEROVSKITE MIXED CONDUCTOR FILMS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB We have grown thin films of La0.3Sr0.2CoO3 on SrTiO3 [100], MgO [100], yttrium-stabilized zirconia YSZ [100], and CeO2 [100]/Al2O3 substrates by using a 90 degrees off-axis RF magnetron sputtering deposition. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that, depending on substrate, the deposited films grew either epitaxially or highly textured. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that the thin films grow with a smooth surface and with different growth mechanisms according to substrate. For La0.6Sr0.2CoO3 thin films grown on MgO [100], the low values of the channeling minimum yield from Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy indicated excellent epitaxy with the substrate. RP BROSHA, EL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1702 EP 1705 DI 10.1149/1.2048643 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500065 ER PT J AU TRYK, DA BAE, IT SCHERSON, D ANTONIO, MR JORDAN, GW HUSTON, EL AF TRYK, DA BAE, IT SCHERSON, D ANTONIO, MR JORDAN, GW HUSTON, EL TI IN-SITU LA, CE, AND ND L-EDGE X-RAY-ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE STUDY OF AN INTERMETALLIC METAL HYDRIDE ELECTRODE IN AN OPERATING ALKALINE BATTERY SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID CERIUM; VALENCE AB The x-ray absorption fine structure of a technologically important MmL(5) intermetallic compound (Mm = La0.52Ce0.34Nd0.10Pr0.04, L(5) = Ni3.5Ca0.8Mn0.3Al0.4) in the form of a hydrogen storage cathode was recorded in situ in the region 5440-6290 eV using an electrochemical cell which is essentially a fully functioning alkaline battery. Significant differences were observed in the x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) of all of the absorption edges (La, Ce, and Nd) between the uncharged and fully charged states. In particular, a clear increase in the intensity of the La and Nd L(III)-edge resonances (due to 2p(3/2) --> 5d electronic transitions) was found upon charging the cell. This phenomenon was attributed to an increase in the density of empty d-like states near the Fermi level following hydrogen injection into the lattice. Furthermore, the behavior of the Ce L(II,III)-edges of this battery material upon charging was nearly the same as that observed for the gas phase hydrogenation of the Ce2Fe17 and Ce2Fe14B intermetallics reported in the literature. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ENERGIZER POWER SYST,GAINESVILLE,FL 32614. RP TRYK, DA (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. RI Tryk, Donald/D-5931-2012 OI Tryk, Donald/0000-0003-4660-9674 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 142 IS 5 BP L76 EP L78 DI 10.1149/1.2048656 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QX765 UT WOS:A1995QX76500005 ER PT J AU PEATROSS, J FEDOROV, MV KULANDER, KC AF PEATROSS, J FEDOROV, MV KULANDER, KC TI INTENSITY-DEPENDENT PHASE-MATCHING EFFECTS IN HARMONIC-GENERATION SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL HARMONICS; LASER-RADIATION; ATOM; PULSES; MODEL; XENON AB In high-order harmonic generation by an intense laser, intrinsic phases can develop at the atomic level between the laser field and the individual emitted harmonics. Because intrinsic phases can vary rapidly with the laser intensity, they can strongly influence phase matching to the extent that the laser intensity varies within the generating medium. Previously reported measurements of broad far-field harmonic emission patterns as well as measured asymmetries in the emission with respect to the axial positioning of the medium in the focus can be explained by intrinsic phases. An experimental method for further study of intrinsic phases is proposed that involves harmonic generation in two counterpropagating laser beams. The periodic intensity modulation created by the to beams coupled with the intensity-dependent intrinsic phases allows harmonic Light to propagate in directions with otherwise extremely poor phase-matching conditions. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP PEATROSS, J (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST GEN PHYS,38 VAVILOV ST,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. RI Fedorov, Mikhail/A-6164-2016 NR 23 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 12 IS 5 BP 863 EP 870 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.000863 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA QW725 UT WOS:A1995QW72500015 ER PT J AU SENNAROGLU, A POLLOCK, CR NATHEL, H AF SENNAROGLU, A POLLOCK, CR NATHEL, H TI EFFICIENT CONTINUOUS-WAVE CHROMIUM-DOPED YAG LASER SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB Continuous-wave power performance of a chromium-doped YAG laser pumped by a Nd:YAG laser is investigated as a function of crystal temperature, output coupling transmission, and emission wavelength. Using a 2%-transmitting output coupler, we obtained as much as 1.9 W of cw output power at 1.45 mu m with an absorbed power slope efficiency of 42% when the gain medium was cooled at 3 degrees C. Using the laser efficiency data, we estimated the emission and excited-state absorption cross sections at 1.45 mu m and compared them with the previously reported values. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. CORNELL UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 26 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 12 IS 5 BP 930 EP 937 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.000930 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA QW725 UT WOS:A1995QW72500025 ER PT J AU ZANGAR, RC BUHLER, DR SPRINGER, DL AF ZANGAR, RC BUHLER, DR SPRINGER, DL TI NEONATAL EXPOSURE TO XENOBIOTICS ALTERS ADULT HEPATIC PROTEIN-KINASE-C-ALPHA LEVELS AND TESTOSTERONE-METABOLISM - DIFFERENTIAL-EFFECTS BY DIETHYLSTILBESTROL AND PHENOBARBITAL SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER; GROWTH-HORMONE; STEROID-METABOLISM; CYTOCHROME-P-450; EXPRESSION; SYSTEM; ACTIVATION; MICROSOMES; INDUCTION; OXIDATION AB Hepatic enzymes that metabolize endogenous and xenobiotic compounds have been shown to be altered in adult rate that had been exposed to xenobiotics as neonates. Protein kinase C (PKC) is important in intracellular signaling and has been implicated in the regulation of hepatic monooxygenases. Therefore, we examined the effects of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and phenobarbital (PB) on hepatic microsomal testosterone metabolism and on the alpha form of protein kinase C (PKC alpha) in adult rats. In adult males, neonatal exposure to DES altered adult testosterone metabolism such that 7 alpha-hydroxylation was increased by 58% but 2 alpha-, 16 alpha-, and 6 beta-hydroxylations and conversion to androstenedione were decreased 31-44%. In contrast, adult males neonatally exposed to PB showed increased (20-27%) testosterone 2 alpha- and 16 alpha-hydroxylations and androstenedione formation, but no effect was observed in the rate of 6 beta- or 7 alpha-hydroxylations. Western blot analyses indicated that cytosolic PKC alpha levels in male rats neonatally exposed to PB were decreased by similar to 63% relative to the vehicle control group but were not significantly altered in the DES males. The PKC alpha levels generally correlated (r = -.75) with 16 alpha-hydroxytestosterone formation in all samples. These results show that neonatal treatment with DES or PB differentially alters hepatic monooxygenase enzyme activities and PKC alpha levels in adult rats. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WAYNE STATE UNIV, INST CHEM TOXICOL, DETROIT, MI 48201 USA. OREGON STATE UNIV, TOXICOL PROGRAM, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00210] NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0098-4108 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEALTH JI J. Toxicol. Environ. Health PD MAY PY 1995 VL 45 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA QZ007 UT WOS:A1995QZ00700002 PM 7752288 ER PT J AU ASOKAKUMAR, P DORFMAN, BF ABRAIZOV, MG YAN, D POLLAK, FH AF ASOKAKUMAR, P DORFMAN, BF ABRAIZOV, MG YAN, D POLLAK, FH TI POSITRON-ANNIHILATION STUDIES OF DIAMOND-LIKE NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID AMORPHOUS-CARBON FILMS C1 ATOM SCALE DESIGNS INC, FARMINGDALE, NY 11735 USA. CUNY BROOKLYN COLL, DEPT PHYS, BROOKLYN, NY 11210 USA. CUNY BROOKLYN COLL, NEW YORK STATE CTR ADV TECHNOL & ULTRAFAST PHOTON, BROOKLYN, NY 11210 USA. RP ASOKAKUMAR, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1044 EP 1047 DI 10.1116/1.579582 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600103 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, MS SCHULTZ, JA KRAUSS, AR AF HAMMOND, MS SCHULTZ, JA KRAUSS, AR TI SURFACE-ANALYSIS AT LOW TO ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM BY ION-SCATTERING AND DIRECT RECOIL SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY; ENERGY; SPECTROMETRY; PARTICLES; SPECTRA C1 IONWERKS INC, HOUSTON, TX 77005 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP HAMMOND, MS (reprint author), SI DIAMOND TECHNOL INC, HOUSTON, TX 77098 USA. NR 33 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1136 EP 1144 DI 10.1116/1.579600 PN 1 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600121 ER PT J AU HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS MAPES, M AF HSEUH, HC JIANG, WS MAPES, M TI PUMPING BEHAVIOR OF ION-PUMP ELEMENTS AT HIGH AND MISALIGNED MAGNETIC-FIELDS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID DESIGN; SPEEDS RP HSEUH, HC (reprint author), ASSOC UNIV INC,DEPT ALTERNATING GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON,BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 531 EP 535 DI 10.1116/1.579779 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600007 ER PT J AU MENON, MM LAUGHON, GJ MAINGI, R WADE, MR HILLIS, DL MAHDAVI, MA AF MENON, MM LAUGHON, GJ MAINGI, R WADE, MR HILLIS, DL MAHDAVI, MA TI PUMPING CHARACTERISTICS OF A CRYOPUMP WITH AR SORBENT IN HE AND IN A D-2/HE MIXTURE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID HELIUM; TOKAMAK C1 GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138. RP MENON, MM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 551 EP 555 DI 10.1116/1.579784 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600012 ER PT J AU LI, Y RYDING, D LIU, C KUZAY, TM MCDOWELL, MW ROSENBERG, RA AF LI, Y RYDING, D LIU, C KUZAY, TM MCDOWELL, MW ROSENBERG, RA TI X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF CLEANING PROCEDURES FOR SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION BEAMLINE MATERIALS AT THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID VACUUM MATERIAL C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 576 EP 580 DI 10.1116/1.579788 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600016 ER PT J AU FOERSTER, CL LANNI, C PERKINS, C CALDERON, M BARLETTA, W AF FOERSTER, CL LANNI, C PERKINS, C CALDERON, M BARLETTA, W TI PHOTON-STIMULATED DESORPTION MEASUREMENTS OF EXTRUDED COPPER AND OF WELDED COPPER BEAM CHAMBERS FOR THE PEP-II ASYMMETRIC-B FACTORY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; GAS DESORPTION C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP FOERSTER, CL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 581 EP 584 DI 10.1116/1.579789 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600017 ER PT J AU JANKOWSKI, AF HAYES, JP AF JANKOWSKI, AF HAYES, JP TI SPUTTER-DEPOSITION OF YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA ONTO A POROUS AU SUBSTRATE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROLYTES RP JANKOWSKI, AF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 658 EP 661 DI 10.1116/1.579802 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600030 ER PT J AU GARCIA, R DALEY, KE SEGO, S CULBERTSON, RJ POKER, DB AF GARCIA, R DALEY, KE SEGO, S CULBERTSON, RJ POKER, DB TI SB ION-IMPLANTATION AND ANNEALING OF SIGEC HETEROEPITAXIAL LAYERS ON SI(001) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID SI1-XGEX ALLOY LAYERS; STRAIN C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,TEMPE,AZ 85287. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GARCIA, R (reprint author), MOTOROLA INC,COMPOUND SEMICOND 1,TEMPE,AZ 85284, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 662 EP 665 DI 10.1116/1.579803 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600031 ER PT J AU LOVEJOY, ML HOWARD, AJ ZAVADIL, KR RIEGER, DJ SHUL, RJ BARNES, PA AF LOVEJOY, ML HOWARD, AJ ZAVADIL, KR RIEGER, DJ SHUL, RJ BARNES, PA TI LOW-RESISTIVITY OHMIC CONTACTS TO MODERATELY DOPED N-GAAS WITH LOW-TEMPERATURE PROCESSING SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID SOLID-PHASE EPITAXY; GE C1 AUBURN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP LOVEJOY, ML (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 758 EP 762 DI 10.1116/1.579822 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600050 ER PT J AU GARDNER, WL AF GARDNER, WL TI SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE ATOMIC FRACTION IN HIGHLY DISSOCIATED HYDROGEN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc RP GARDNER, WL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 763 EP 766 DI 10.1116/1.579823 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600051 ER PT J AU TUSZEWSKI, M SCHEUER, JT TOBIN, JA AF TUSZEWSKI, M SCHEUER, JT TOBIN, JA TI COMPOSITION OF THE OXYGEN PLASMAS FROM 2 INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED SOURCES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID STATE RP TUSZEWSKI, M (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 839 EP 842 DI 10.1116/1.579838 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600066 ER PT J AU SHUL, RJ LOVEJOY, ML BACA, AG ZOLPER, JC RIEGER, DJ HAFICH, MJ CORLESS, RF VARTULI, CB AF SHUL, RJ LOVEJOY, ML BACA, AG ZOLPER, JC RIEGER, DJ HAFICH, MJ CORLESS, RF VARTULI, CB TI PLASMA-INDUCED DAMAGE OF GAAS DURING ETCHING OF REFRACTORY-METAL CONTACTS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID TUNGSTEN; DISCHARGES; CH4/H2/AR; CF4 C1 UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP SHUL, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 912 EP 917 DI 10.1116/1.579851 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600079 ER PT J AU TSU, DV YOUNG, RT OVSHINSKY, SR KLEPPER, CC BERRY, LA AF TSU, DV YOUNG, RT OVSHINSKY, SR KLEPPER, CC BERRY, LA TI ION AND NEUTRAL ARGON TEMPERATURES IN ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE PLASMAS BY DOPPLER-BROADENED EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENERGIES C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP TSU, DV (reprint author), ENERGY CONVERS DEVICES,TROY,MI 48084, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 935 EP 942 DI 10.1116/1.579654 PN 1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600083 ER PT J AU BRUSASCO, R SACULLA, M COOK, R AF BRUSASCO, R SACULLA, M COOK, R TI PREPARATION OF GERMANIUM DOPED PLASMA-POLYMERIZED COATINGS AS INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION TARGET ABLATORS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID FILMS RP BRUSASCO, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508-L-482,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 948 EP 951 DI 10.1116/1.579656 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600085 ER PT J AU KELLERMAN, BK FLORO, JA CHASON, E BRICE, DK PICRAUX, ST WHITE, JM AF KELLERMAN, BK FLORO, JA CHASON, E BRICE, DK PICRAUX, ST WHITE, JM TI DEFECT PRODUCTION AND RECOMBINATION DURING LOW-ENERGY ION PROCESSING SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GE; SURFACE; GROWTH C1 UNIV TEXAS,CTR SCI & TECHNOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP KELLERMAN, BK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 972 EP 978 DI 10.1116/1.579660 PN 1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600089 ER PT J AU MCEACHERN, RL MOORE, CE WALLACE, RJ AF MCEACHERN, RL MOORE, CE WALLACE, RJ TI THE DESIGN, PERFORMANCE, AND APPLICATION OF AN ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE-BASED PROFILOMETER SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID INSTABILITY EXPERIMENTS; LASER RP MCEACHERN, RL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 9 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 983 EP 989 DI 10.1116/1.579662 PN 1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600091 ER PT J AU DHERE, NG KUTTATH, S MOUTINHO, HR AF DHERE, NG KUTTATH, S MOUTINHO, HR TI MORPHOLOGY OF PRECURSORS AND CUIN1-XGAXSE2 THIN-FILMS PREPARED BY A 2-STAGE SELENIZATION PROCESS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID MICROSCOPY; SCIENCE; TOOL C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP DHERE, NG (reprint author), FLORIDA SOLAR ENERGY CTR,CAPE CANAVERAL,FL 32920, USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1078 EP 1082 DI 10.1116/1.579589 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600110 ER PT J AU MELI, CA GRABOWSKI, KS HINSHELWOOD, DD STEPHANAKIS, SJ REJ, DJ WAGANAAR, WJ AF MELI, CA GRABOWSKI, KS HINSHELWOOD, DD STEPHANAKIS, SJ REJ, DJ WAGANAAR, WJ TI FILM DEPOSITION AND SURFACE MODIFICATION USING INTENSE PULSED ION-BEAMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MELI, CA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 12 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1182 EP 1187 DI 10.1116/1.579858 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD766 UT WOS:A1995RD76600129 ER PT J AU KING, DE AF KING, DE TI OXIDATION OF GOLD BY ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT AND OZONE AT 25-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYER THICKNESS; OXIDE LAYERS; SURFACES; XPS; OVERLAYERS; PLANES; FILMS; GAAS; ELECTROREDUCTION RP KING, DE (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 67 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1247 EP 1253 DI 10.1116/1.579869 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700006 ER PT J AU HENDERSON, DO GEORGE, MA TUNG, YS BURGER, A MORGAN, SH COLLINS, WE WHITE, CW ZUHR, RA MAGRUDER, RH AF HENDERSON, DO GEORGE, MA TUNG, YS BURGER, A MORGAN, SH COLLINS, WE WHITE, CW ZUHR, RA MAGRUDER, RH TI X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIES OF CU-IMPLANTED SILICA AND BOROSILICATE GLASSES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID FUSED-SILICA; SPECTRA C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP HENDERSON, DO (reprint author), FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37208, USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1254 EP 1259 DI 10.1116/1.579870 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700007 ER PT J AU HERDT, GC CZANDERNA, AW AF HERDT, GC CZANDERNA, AW TI METAL OVERLAYERS ON ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS OF SELF-ORGANIZED MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES .5. ION-SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY AND X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF AG/COOH INTERFACES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MONOLAYERS; CLUSTERS; SURFACES; ACID; ADHESION; SILVER; CARBON; FILMS; GOLD RP HERDT, GC (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1275 EP 1280 DI 10.1116/1.579873 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700010 ER PT J AU CALAWAY, WF WIENS, RC BURNETT, DS PELLIN, MJ GRUEN, DM AF CALAWAY, WF WIENS, RC BURNETT, DS PELLIN, MJ GRUEN, DM TI SIMULTANEOUS DUAL-ELEMENT ANALYSES OF REFRACTORY-METALS IN NATURALLY-OCCURRING MATRICES USING RESONANCE IONIZATION OF SPUTTERED ATOMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IRON-METEORITES; OSMIUM; PHOTOIONIZATION; SELECTIVITY C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CALTECH,DIV GEOL & PLANETARY SCI,PASADENA,CA 91125. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP CALAWAY, WF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1310 EP 1315 DI 10.1116/1.579556 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700017 ER PT J AU JUNG, DR CZANDERNA, AW AF JUNG, DR CZANDERNA, AW TI METAL OVERLAYERS ON ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS OF SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS .6. X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY OF CR/COOH ON 16-MERCAPTOHEXADECANOIC ACID SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FORMIC-ACID; POLYIMIDE INTERFACE; CHROMIUM FILMS; THIN-FILMS; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; CR(110); MODEL; CR RP JUNG, DR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1337 EP 1344 DI 10.1116/1.579561 PN 2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700022 ER PT J AU HRBEK, J VANCAMPEN, DG MALIK, IJ AF HRBEK, J VANCAMPEN, DG MALIK, IJ TI THE EARLY STAGES OF RUTHENIUM OXIDATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN; RU(001); SURFACE; ADSORPTION; COVERAGES; NITROGEN; METALS RP HRBEK, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM 555,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 19 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1409 EP 1412 DI 10.1116/1.579573 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700034 ER PT J AU WEARE, CB YARMOFF, JA AF WEARE, CB YARMOFF, JA TI RESONANT NEUTRALIZATION OF LI-7(+) SCATTERED FROM CS/AL(100) AS A PROBE OF THE LOCAL ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ALKALI-METAL ADSORPTION; CHARGE-EXCHANGE; ION-SCATTERING C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WEARE, CB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1421 EP 1425 DI 10.1116/1.579576 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700037 ER PT J AU TOBIN, JG WADDILL, GD PAPPAS, DP TAMURA, E STERNE, PA GUO, X TONG, SY AF TOBIN, JG WADDILL, GD PAPPAS, DP TAMURA, E STERNE, PA GUO, X TONG, SY TI SPIN-SPECIFIC PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION, PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY, AND ABSORPTION USING MAGNETIC-X-RAY CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; THIN-FILMS; MULTILAYERS; POLARIZATION; FE/CU(001); STATES; FIELDS C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHYS,ROLLA,MO 65401. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RICHMOND,VA 23284. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV WISCONSIN,SURFACE STUDIES LAB,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201. RP TOBIN, JG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1534 EP 1538 DI 10.1116/1.579722 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700059 ER PT J AU DOWBEN, PA LI, DQ ZHANG, JD ONELLION, M AF DOWBEN, PA LI, DQ ZHANG, JD ONELLION, M TI RESONANT PHOTOEMISSION-STUDIES OF THE THICKNESS DEPENDENCE OF THE UNOCCUPIED GD 5D BANDS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION; CRITICAL EXPONENT-GAMMA; BULK CURIE-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FERROMAGNETIC ORDER; GD(0001) SURFACE; METAL-SURFACES; STATE; GADOLINIUM; RECONSTRUCTION C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP DOWBEN, PA (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1549 EP 1552 DI 10.1116/1.579725 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700062 ER PT J AU KUHN, M RODRIGUEZ, JA AF KUHN, M RODRIGUEZ, JA TI ADSORPTION OF SULFUR ON BIMETALLIC SURFACES - FORMATION OF COPPER SULFIDES ON PT(111) AND RU(001) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; THERMAL-DESORPTION; CO-ADSORPTION; THIN CU; GROWTH; FILMS; CHEMISORPTION; HYDROGEN; STATES; LEED C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1569 EP 1573 DI 10.1116/1.579729 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700066 ER PT J AU QIAN, YL BEDZYK, MJ AF QIAN, YL BEDZYK, MJ TI STRUCTURE AND ADATOM THERMAL VIBRATIONAL AMPLITUDE FOR THE 2X2 GA/SI (001) SURFACE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; RAY STANDING WAVES; SI(100) SURFACE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; GA; SI(001); GROWTH; DIMERS; ATOMS C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,MAT RES CTR,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP QIAN, YL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1613 EP 1616 DI 10.1116/1.579738 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700075 ER PT J AU GRUEN, DM ZUIKER, CD KRAUSS, AR PAN, XZ AF GRUEN, DM ZUIKER, CD KRAUSS, AR PAN, XZ TI CARBON DIMER, C-2 AS A GROWTH SPECIES FOR DIAMOND FILMS FROM METHANE/HYDROGEN/ARGON MICROWAVE PLASMAS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SURFACE; SCATTERING; CHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GRUEN, DM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 94 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1628 EP 1632 DI 10.1116/1.579742 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700079 ER PT J AU SIMPSON, WC VAREKAMP, PR SHUH, DK YARMOFF, JA AF SIMPSON, WC VAREKAMP, PR SHUH, DK YARMOFF, JA TI SOFT-X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF THE REACTION OF XEF2 WITH GAAS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; THIN-FILMS; CF4 PLASMA; SURFACE; FLUORINE; SILICON; LAYER; GAAS(110); PRODUCTS; REMOVAL C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SIMPSON, WC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1709 EP 1713 DI 10.1116/1.579756 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700093 ER PT J AU MILLER, DP AF MILLER, DP TI TOP 10 LIST OF USER-HOSTILE INTERFACE DESIGN - THE 10 MOST FREQUENT MISTAKES MADE IN HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE DESIGN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article RP MILLER, DP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1776 EP 1786 DI 10.1116/1.579768 PN 2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RD767 UT WOS:A1995RD76700105 ER PT J AU PARKS, DC BASTASZ, R SCHMIEDER, RW STOCKLI, M AF PARKS, DC BASTASZ, R SCHMIEDER, RW STOCKLI, M TI NANOMETER-SIZE SURFACE-FEATURES PRODUCED BY SINGLE, LOW-ENERGY, HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE-MICROSCOPY; GRAPHITE SURFACE; METAL-SURFACE; STATE IONS; BOMBARDMENT; IMPACTS; MICA C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP PARKS, DC (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. NR 28 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 941 EP 948 DI 10.1116/1.588210 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400022 ER PT J AU KUNG, H JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP MITCHELL, TE NASTASI, M AF KUNG, H JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP MITCHELL, TE NASTASI, M TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL STABILITY OF MOSI2-BASED NANOLAYER COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Army Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn C1 TECH RES CTR FINLAND,SF-02150 ESPOO,FINLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CERAM SCI & TECHNOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87454. RP KUNG, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87454, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1126 EP 1129 DI 10.1116/1.588222 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400056 ER PT J AU AUMANN, CE SKOFRONICK, GL MARTIN, JA AF AUMANN, CE SKOFRONICK, GL MARTIN, JA TI OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF ALUMINUM NANOPOWDERS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Army Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn RP AUMANN, CE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,MAIL STOP K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 148 Z9 151 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1178 EP 1183 DI 10.1116/1.588232 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400066 ER PT J AU HENDERSON, DO MU, R TUNG, YS GEORGE, MA BURGER, A MORGAN, SH WHITE, CW ZUHR, RA MAGRUDER, RH AF HENDERSON, DO MU, R TUNG, YS GEORGE, MA BURGER, A MORGAN, SH WHITE, CW ZUHR, RA MAGRUDER, RH TI ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY OF AU IMPLANTED IN SAPPHIRE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Army Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn ID PARTICLES; ABSORPTION C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL ENGN SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP HENDERSON, DO (reprint author), FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37208, USA. NR 20 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1198 EP 1202 DI 10.1116/1.588235 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400069 ER PT J AU CARPINELLI, JM PLUMMER, EW BYUN, D DOWBEN, PA AF CARPINELLI, JM PLUMMER, EW BYUN, D DOWBEN, PA TI SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY STUDY OF INTERMEDIATES IN THE DISSOCIATIVE ADSORPTION OF CLOSO-1,2-DICARBADODECABORANE ON SI(111) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Army Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn ID NANOMETER-SCALE MAGNETS; ELECTRONIC STATES; SURFACE; CHEMISTRY; BORON; DEPOSITION; CARBORANES; MOLECULES; FEATURES; BORANES C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS,LINCOLN,NE 68588. RP CARPINELLI, JM (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1203 EP 1206 DI 10.1116/1.588236 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400070 ER PT J AU ZHENG, XY DING, YZ BOTTOMLEY, LA ALLISON, DP WARMACK, RJ AF ZHENG, XY DING, YZ BOTTOMLEY, LA ALLISON, DP WARMACK, RJ TI DISCONTINUOUS GOLD ISLAND FILMS ON MICA SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology CY OCT 24-28, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Army Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn ID MICROSCOPY C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,POLYMER EDUC & RES CTR,ATLANTA,GA 30332. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH CHEM & BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30332. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Bottomley, Lawrence/0000-0002-2325-9862 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1320 EP 1324 DI 10.1116/1.587846 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA RD494 UT WOS:A1995RD49400094 ER PT J AU CHAN, SY DELIUS, H HALPERN, AL BERNARD, HU AF CHAN, SY DELIUS, H HALPERN, AL BERNARD, HU TI ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC SEQUENCES OF 95 PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPES - UNITING TYPING, PHYLOGENY, AND TAXONOMY SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMODYSPLASIA-VERRUCIFORMIS; GENETIC-HETEROGENEITY; DNA VIRUSES; COEVOLUTION; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; TRANSFORMATION; NUCLEOTIDE; CARCINOMA; VARIANTS AB Our aim was to study the phylogenetic relationships of all known papillomaviruses (PVs) and the possibility of establishing a supratype taxonomic classification based on this information. Of the many detectably homologous segments present in PV genomes, a 291-bp segment of the L1 gene is notable because it is flanked by the MY09 and MY11 consensus primers and contains highly conserved amino acid residues which simplify sequence alignment. We determined the MY09-MY11 sequences of human PV type 20 (HPV-20), HPV-21, HPV-22, HPV-23, HPV-24, HPV-36, HPV-37, HPV-38, HPV-48, HPV-50, HPV-60, HPV-70, HPV-72, HPV-73, ovine (sheep) PV, bovine PV type 3 (BPV-3), BPV-5, and BPV-6 and created a database which now encompasses HPV-1 to HPV-70, HPV-72, HPV-73, seven yet untyped HPV genomes, and 15 animal PV types. Three additional animal PVs were analyzed on the basis of other sequence data. We constructed phylogenies based on partial L1 and E6 gene sequences and distinguished five major clades that we call supergroups. One of them unites 54 genital PV types, which can be further divided into eleven groups. The second supergroup has 24 types and unites most PVs that are typically found in epidermodysplasia verruciformis patients but also includes several types typical of other cutaneous lesions, like HPV-4. The third supergroup unites the six known ungulate fibropapillomaviruses, the fourth includes the cutaneous ungulate PVs BPV-3, BPV-4, and BPV-6 and the fifth includes HPV-1, HPV-41, HPV-63, the canine oral PV, and the cottontail rabbit PV. The chaffinch PV and two rodent PVs, Micromys minutus PV and Mastomys natalensis PV, are left ungrouped because of the relative isolation of each of their lineages. Within most supergroups, groups formed on the basis of cladistic principles unite phenotypically similar PV types. We discuss the basis of our classification, the concept of the PV type, speciation, PV-host evolution, and estimates of their rates of evolution. C1 NATL UNIV SINGAPORE,INST MOLEC & CELL BIOL,PAPILLOMAVIRUS BIOL LAB,SINGAPORE 0511,SINGAPORE. GERMAN CANC RES CTR,D-69120 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI ASTAR, IMCB/E-2320-2012 NR 74 TC 332 Z9 357 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 69 IS 5 BP 3074 EP 3083 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA QR784 UT WOS:A1995QR78400045 PM 7707535 ER PT J AU CELIK, I SHAFFER, FD AF CELIK, I SHAFFER, FD TI LONG TIME-AVERAGED SOLUTIONS OF TURBULENT-FLOW PAST A CIRCULAR-CYLINDER SO JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB A critical analysis of numerical predictions of the long time averaged flow past a circular cylinder is presented. The flow regimes considered cover a wide range of Reynolds numbers with an emphasis on the transitional range, i.e. (10(4) to 10(7)). In this study calculations are made using the standard k-epsilon model with an empirically imposed transition criteria. Our own simulations as well as those published by others with various turbulence models including those with vortex shedding are compared with experimental data. Significant differences were found among different predictions for the same flow conditions with essentially the same turbulence models. Reasons for these differences are elucidated. The transitional nature of the flow regime, and the grid size and its distribution, particularly inside the boundary layer, play a major role in obtaining vastly different predictions. The present calculations with the conventional k-epsilon turbulence model and an empirically imposed transition compare favorably with those obtained from ''more sophisticated'' models such as large-eddy simulations. C1 US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. RP CELIK, I (reprint author), W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506, USA. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6105 J9 J WIND ENG IND AEROD JI J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 56 IS 2-3 BP 185 EP 212 DI 10.1016/0167-6105(94)00091-Q PG 28 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA RA457 UT WOS:A1995RA45700006 ER PT J AU BROWN, TC PETERSON, GL TONN, BE AF BROWN, TC PETERSON, GL TONN, BE TI THE VALUES JURY TO AID NATURAL-RESOURCE DECISIONS SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BROWN, TC (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FT COLLINS,CO 80521, USA. NR 13 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PI MADISON PA SOCIAL SCIENCE BLDG, MADISON, WI 53706 SN 0023-7639 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 71 IS 2 BP 250 EP 260 DI 10.2307/3146505 PG 11 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QU184 UT WOS:A1995QU18400009 ER PT J AU VAKNIN, D WANG, JY UPHAUS, RA AF VAKNIN, D WANG, JY UPHAUS, RA TI C-60-PROPYLAMINE ADDUCT MONOLAYERS AT THE AIR-WATER-INTERFACE SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Letter ID C60 AB X-ray reflectivity measurements and surface-pressure isotherms of spread films of the fullerene-propylamine adduct (C-60-[NH2(CH2)(2)CH3](12)) indicate that despite the lack of definite amphiphilic character, this material forms a homogeneous monomolecular layer on water surfaces. X-ray reflectivity data, taken at various lateral pressures, were fitted to a model structure defined in terms of the dimensions of an average cell and its chemical compositions. At T = 18 degrees C, the lateral pressure versus area per molecule is indicative of a structural phase transition presumably from one closely-packed phase to another, as the total thickness of the film is consistent with a single layer of 15 Angstrom thickness. At pressures above 30 mN/m the film consists of an inhomogeneous bilayer, consistent with a layer thickness of 26 Angstrom. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP VAKNIN, D (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 17 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAY PY 1995 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1435 EP 1438 DI 10.1021/la00005a005 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA RA110 UT WOS:A1995RA11000006 ER PT J AU STANLEY, BJ GUIOCHON, G AF STANLEY, BJ GUIOCHON, G TI CALCULATION OF ADSORPTION ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS OF SILICA SAMPLES USING NONLINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID GAS SOLID CHROMATOGRAPHY; ISOTHERM DATA; SURFACES AB The estimation of adsorption energy distributions from nonlinear chromatographic data is considered in detail from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints. The experimental data is obtained on DAVISIL, IMPAQ, and VYDAC silica samples. The adsorbates studied include diethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, and heptane. The theoretical models of adsorption studied are the Langmuir, Jovanovic, Fowler-Guggenheim (both random and patchwise), and Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller local isotherms. The chromatographic data is obtained with the use of high-efficiency porous layer open tubular columns. The experimental Variables of temperature and maximum solute partial pressure are studied for their effect on the data and estimation. The validity of the technique is assessed. It is concluded that adsorption energy distributions may only be calculated accurately and without bias for systems in which the majority of the adsorption energy is 10 kJ/mol greater than the heat of vaporization of the solute. For adsorption energies less than this, intermolecular interactions decrease the accuracy and confidence of the results. Other experimental parameters also limit the scope of studies of this kind. These include the detector range and resolution, as well as the injection profile. The major obstacle in these studies is the difficulty in sampling the entire range of adsorption energies, especially the low energies which correspond to the required measurement of the retention times corresponding to high solute partial pressures. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 14 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAY PY 1995 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1735 EP 1743 DI 10.1021/la00005a051 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA RA110 UT WOS:A1995RA11000052 ER PT J AU MAR, A AF MAR, A TI FLARED WAVE-GUIDES BOOST MODELOCKED LASER-DIODE OUTPUTS SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article ID LOCKED SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; HIGH-POWER AB Application of flared-waveguide and MOPA laser designs that can reach 300-mW average power with peak powers of 30 W overcome the output power limitations of conventional modelocked laser diodes. RP MAR, A (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD MAY PY 1995 VL 31 IS 5 BP 109 EP 114 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA QY219 UT WOS:A1995QY21900024 ER PT J AU GARRETT, WR AF GARRETT, WR TI SUPPRESSION AND SHIFTING OF CERTAIN OPTICALLY PUMPED STIMULATED EMISSIONS DUE TO WAVE-MIXING INTERFERENCE SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Laser Physics (LPHYS-94) CY OCT 10-14, 1994 CL CUNY, GRAD SCH & UNIV CTR, NEW YORK, NY SP Russian Acad Sci, Gen Phys Inst, Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Columbia Univ, City Coll New York HO CUNY, GRAD SCH & UNIV CTR AB Certain optically pumped stimulated emissions (OPSE) show strong suppression and shifting effects during the interval of an excitation pulse. The effect is caused by a self-induced interference from the difference-frequency mixing field that is generated by all of the combined fields. Several implications and manifestations of these effects are noted and discussed. RP GARRETT, WR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 5 IS 3 BP 466 EP 473 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA RE193 UT WOS:A1995RE19300006 ER PT J AU VILLAFUERTE, JC KERR, HW DAVID, SA AF VILLAFUERTE, JC KERR, HW DAVID, SA TI MECHANISMS OF EQUIAXED GRAIN FORMATION IN FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL GAS TUNGSTEN ARE WELDS SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE GRAIN FORMATION; FERRITE; STEEL; TUNGSTEN; WELDING ID GTA WELDS; ARC WELDS AB Mechanisms of providing nuclei for equiaxed grains in gas tungsten are welds in ferritic stainless steel were examined. Tin-quenching of the solid-liquid interface revealed that TiN particles in commercial steels could act as heterogeneous nucleation sites. Direct additions of TiN also promoted an equiaxed region. However, no evidence for equiaxed grain formation by dendrite fragmentation was observed, despite the fact that titanium additions did produce a more branched dendritic structure. C1 UNIV WATERLOO, DEPT MECH ENGN, WATERLOO, ON N2L 3G1, CANADA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP WELDING INST CANADA, OAKVILLE, ON L6J 4Z2, CANADA. NR 19 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 194 IS 2 BP 187 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(94)09656-2 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QY297 UT WOS:A1995QY29700009 ER PT J AU LUO, P STRUTT, PR DEVEREUX, OF GUPTA, HK AF LUO, P STRUTT, PR DEVEREUX, OF GUPTA, HK TI KINETIC-STUDIES OF THE FORMATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CHROMIUM SILICIDE-SILICON CARBIDE FROM HOMOGENEOUS AMORPHOUS PRECURSOR POWDERS SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SELF-CATALYTIC FORMATION; INTERMETALLIC SILICIDES; NANOCRYSTALLINE FORMATION; SILICON CARBIDE AB The kinetics of formation of nanocrystalline chromium silicide and silicon carbide composites from homogeneous amorphous precursor powders has been investigated. This study was conducted in a dynamic argon atmosphere at 1 atm in the temperature range 900-1300 degrees C for time periods ranging from 3 min to 62 h. Two precursors with different concentration ratios of Cr, Si and C were examined. The phase percentages of the final composites, (1) hexagonal Cr3Si3Cx and cubic beta-SiC and (2) tetragonal Cr5Si3 and cubic beta-siC, vs. temperature and time were determined using X-ray diffraction. The relationship between the phase percentages of the crystalline material, the processing temperature and time follow the Avrami-Erofe'ev equation (J.D. Verhoeven, Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy, Wiley, 1975). The activation energies have also been determined, and the formation of nanocrystalline chromium silicide and silicon carbide has been discussed. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,ADV MFG CTR PRECIS MFG,STORRS,CT 06269. UNIV CONNECTICUT,INST MAT SCI,U 136,STORRS,CT 06269. RP LUO, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-370,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 243 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(94)01145-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QX782 UT WOS:A1995QX78200002 ER PT J AU PEARTON, SJ VARTULI, CB SHUL, RJ ZOLPER, JC AF PEARTON, SJ VARTULI, CB SHUL, RJ ZOLPER, JC TI DRY-ETCHING AND IMPLANTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF III-N ALLOYS SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLASMA ETCHING; ION IMPLANTATION; III-V NITRIDES; PHOTONICS ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN; GROWTH; FILMS; GAAS; INN AB The wide-gap nitrides GaN, AIN and InN and their ternary alloys are attracting interest for blue-UV emitters, high temperature electronics and as passivation films for other semiconductors. We review the dry etching chemistries that are found to provide smooth anisotropic pattern transfer in these materials, namely Cl-2-H-2, BCl3 or CH4-H-2 for AlxGa1-xN alloys and CH4-H-2 for InxGa(1-x)N alloys. Microwave enhancement of the discharge is useful for increasing the etch rate at fixed d.c. self-bias. Ar+ ion milling rates for the nitrides are typically a factor of 2 lower than for conventional m-Vs such as GaAs and InP. Implant isolation of InxGa1-xN shows similar characteristics to GaAs, namely a several orders of magnitude increase in resistance after implantation with moderate doses of F+ or O+, followed by a further increase with annealing temperature up to about 500 degrees C as hopping conduction is decreased. Minimal diffusion of most implanted dopants is found up to annealing temperatures of 800 degrees C. Prospects for other process modules, especially wet chemical etching and ohmic contacts, will be discussed. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP PEARTON, SJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(94)01154-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QX782 UT WOS:A1995QX78200014 ER PT J AU LACKNER, KS WENDT, CH AF LACKNER, KS WENDT, CH TI EXPONENTIAL-GROWTH OF LARGE SELF-REPRODUCING MACHINE SYSTEMS SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE AUTOMATION; AUXONS; MACROENGINEERING; VON NEUMANN MACHINES; SELF-REPRODUCING; MACHINE SYSTEMS ID REPLICATION; FORESTS AB We address quantitatively the major issues involved in the design of self-reproducing machine systems that are capable of both rapid growth to a very large scale and the accomplishment of correspondingly large tasks. A minimal system that satisfies the growth requirement would consist of a large solar cell array and a colony of diverse and specialized machines. With solar energy, raw dirt, and air as its input, the collective purpose of the colony is to expand the solar cell array and build more machines largely without the aid of man. Once the desired size is attained, the entire production capacity of the system may be diverted to useful applications such as large scale energy collection, control of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and fresh water production. We consider the issues of resource availability, the suitability of current automation technology, and the required investment in land area. In the discussion of resources, we propose a high-temperature, metallurgical process for separating useful elements from raw dirt without the use of rare elements. Automation technology is judged by a formal productivity requirement in the production chain of each machine type, which must be satisfied to achieve a given overall growth rate. We estimate the time scale for exponential growth to be on the order of months, so that such a system could reach continental size in less than a decade. An area of 10(6) km(2) is enough to provide the key elements of a sustainable world economy. At ten percent efficiency, a solar cell array of this size can collect energy at three times the rate of today's global energy consumption. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP LACKNER, KS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 55 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(95)00071-9 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA RA323 UT WOS:A1995RA32300006 ER PT J AU LIU, HYB BRUGGER, RM LASTER, BH GREENBERG, DD GORDON, CR WARKENTIEN, LS AF LIU, HYB BRUGGER, RM LASTER, BH GREENBERG, DD GORDON, CR WARKENTIEN, LS TI PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DOSES PRODUCED FROM NEUTRON-CAPTURE IN A U-235 FOIL SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NCT; BRACHYTHERAPY; RBE; FISSION NEUTRONS; BETA RAYS ID THERAPY RP LIU, HYB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 22 IS 5 BP 591 EP 595 DI 10.1118/1.597546 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QY799 UT WOS:A1995QY79900014 PM 7643798 ER PT J AU ALQASMI, R EGAN, JJ AF ALQASMI, R EGAN, JJ TI INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SYSTEM SODIUM-GOLD SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOLID SILVER SULFIDE; COULOMETRIC TITRATIONS; ELECTROLYTES; TELLURIDE; SELENIDE; ALLOYS AB Coulometric titrations were performed on Na-Au alloys at 775 degrees C using galvanic cells employing CaF2 solid electrolytes. Results are given on the thermodynamics of mixing for the system as well as information on the phase diagram, including the range of homogeneity of the intermetallic compound NaAu2. The type and degree of disorder in the compound NaAu2 are also presented and discussed. C1 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIV,FAC SCI,AL AIN,U ARAB EMIRATES. RP ALQASMI, R (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1025 EP 1027 DI 10.1007/BF02670597 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QV327 UT WOS:A1995QV32700002 ER PT J AU MEYER, BS WEAVER, TA WOOSLEY, SE AF MEYER, BS WEAVER, TA WOOSLEY, SE TI ISOTOPE SOURCE TABLE FOR A 25-M-CIRCLE-DOT SUPERNOVA SO METEORITICS LA English DT Article ID MASSIVE STARS; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; R-PROCESS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; METALLICITY; METEORITES; EXPLOSIONS; CLUSTERS; NEUTRINO; SILICON AB We present a table giving the yields of 103 isotopes in eight distinct zones in the ejecta from the explosion of a 25 M. star. Each zone in the ejecta is distinct isotopically due to the evolution and explosion of the star. Thus the table not only gives the yields of isotopes in the different zones of the ejecta but also provides information about the chemical environments in which each isotope is injected into the interstellar medium. The table is a summary of the nuclear yields from a single numerical model of the explosion of a massive star. The yields from a real supernova will vary from those in this table because of uncertainties in the input physics to the numerical model and because the real star may differ in mass, mass-loss rate, or metallicity from the modeled star. We argue that these uncertainties and variations, for the most part, will not change the direction of the largest isotopic effects in the different zones of the ejecta. This means that the table is quite generally applicable as a guide to understanding the ejecta of supernovae and as a characterization of possible chemical environments in which isotopes are injected into the interstellar medium. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GEN STUDIES,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP MEYER, BS (reprint author), CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634, USA. NR 39 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD MAY PY 1995 VL 30 IS 3 BP 325 EP 334 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QY294 UT WOS:A1995QY29400011 ER PT J AU Kempka, SN Torczynski, JR Geller, AS Rosato, JJ Walters, RN Sibbett, SS AF Kempka, SN Torczynski, JR Geller, AS Rosato, JJ Walters, RN Sibbett, SS TI Evaluating the efficiency of overflow wet rinsing SO MICRO LA English DT Article C1 SANTA CLARA PLAST,APPLICAT DEV LAB,BOISE,ID. SANTA CLARA PLAST,ENGN TECHNOL GRP,BOISE,ID. INTEL CORP,SANTA CLARA,CA 95051. RP Kempka, SN (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CANON COMMUNICATIONS INC PI SANTA MONICA PA 3340 OCEAN PARK BLVD, SUITE 1000, SANTA MONICA, CA 90405 SN 1081-0595 J9 MICRO JI Micro PD MAY PY 1995 VL 13 IS 5 BP 41 EP & PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA TU343 UT WOS:A1995TU34300006 ER PT J AU JOY, DC AF JOY, DC TI SEMLP - A MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION PROGRAM FOR SEM IMAGING SO MICROBEAM ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS; SCANNING MICROSCOPY; IMAGE SIMULATION; CRITICAL DIMENSION METROLOGY AB SEMLP is a Monte Carlo simulation program, for MS-DOS computers, that calculates the secondary electron and backscattered electron signal profiles from a structure of defined geometry, constructed of one or two materials. The results of the simulations are displayed graphically together with a cross-sectional view of the structure. The program uses a plural-scattering algorithm for the calculation and a simple parametric model for computing the secondary electron signal. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP JOY, DC (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,EM FACIL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 1061-3420 J9 MICROBEAM ANAL JI Microbeam Anal. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 4 IS 3 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy; Spectroscopy GA TH084 UT WOS:A1995TH08400002 ER PT J AU ANGELO, JE MOODY, NR BASKES, MI AF ANGELO, JE MOODY, NR BASKES, MI TI TRAPPING OF HYDROGEN TO LATTICE-DEFECTS IN NICKEL SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; STRUCTURE-ENERGY CORRELATION; TILT GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; IRON-BASED SUPERALLOY; FCC METALS; CRACK-GROWTH; FRACTURE; DEFORMATION; ADSORPTION; SURFACES AB This paper addresses the energy associated with the trapping of hydrogen to defects in a nickel lattice. Several dislocations and grain boundaries which occur in nickel are studied. The dislocations include an edge, a screw, and a Lomer dislocation in the locked configuration, i.e. a Lomer-Cottrell lock (LCL). For both the edge and screw dislocations, the maximum trap site energy is approximately 0.1 eV occurring in the region where the lattice is in tension approximately 3-4 angstroms from the dislocation core. For the Lomer-Cottrell lock, the maximum binding energy is 0.33 eV and is located at the core of the a/6(110) dislocation. Several low-index coincident site lattice grain boundaries are investigated, specifically the Sigma 3(112), Sigma 9(221) and Sigma 11(113) tilt boundaries. The boundaries all show a maximum binding energy of approximately 0.25 eV at the tilt boundary. Relaxation of the boundary structures produces an asymmetric atomic structure for both the Sigma 3 and Sigma 9 boundaries and a symmetric structure for the Sigma 11 tilt boundary. The results of this study can be compared to recent experimental studies showing that the activation energy for hydrogen-initiated failure is approximately 0.3-0.4 eV in the Fe-based superalloy IN903. From the results of this comparison it can be concluded that the embrittlement process is likely associated with the trapping of hydrogen to grain boundaries and Lomer-Cottrell locks. RP ANGELO, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 8712,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 57 TC 179 Z9 182 U1 7 U2 75 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 3 IS 3 BP 289 EP 307 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/3/3/001 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RA327 UT WOS:A1995RA32700001 ER PT J AU WOLOSCHAK, GE FELCHER, P CHANGLIU, CM AF WOLOSCHAK, GE FELCHER, P CHANGLIU, CM TI COMBINED EFFECTS OF IONIZING-RADIATION AND CYCLOHEXIMIDE ON GENE-EXPRESSION SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE GENE EXPRESSION; IONIZING RADIATION; ONCOGENE EXPRESSION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION; TRANSCRIPTION ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; DNA-DAMAGING AGENTS; LOW-LET RADIATIONS; INDUCIBLE TRANSCRIPTS; CYTOSKELETAL ELEMENTS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MELANOMA-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; GROWTH-ARREST; MODULATION AB We performed experiments to determine the effects of ionizing radiation exposure on expression of genes such as beta-actin, c-fos, histone H4, c-myc, c-jun, Rb, and p53 after exposure of Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the role of a labile protein in the radiation-induced response. The results revealed that when ionizing radiation (either fission-spectrum neutrons or gamma rays) was administered 15 min after cycloheximide treatment of SHE cells, the radiation exposure reduced cycloheximide-mediated gene induction of c-fos, histone H4, and c-jun. In addition, dose-rate differences were found when radiation exposure most significantly inhibited the cycloheximide response. Our results suggest that ionizing radiation does not act as a general protein-synthesis inhibitor and that the presence of a labile protein is required for the maintenance of specific gene transcription and mRNA accumulation after radiation exposure, especially at high dose-rates. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RP WOLOSCHAK, GE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Woloschak, Gayle/A-3799-2017 OI Woloschak, Gayle/0000-0001-9209-8954 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 13 IS 1 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1002/mc.2940130108 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA RB033 UT WOS:A1995RB03300007 PM 7539271 ER PT J AU LOUGHE, AF LAI, CC KEYSER, D AF LOUGHE, AF LAI, CC KEYSER, D TI A TECHNIQUE FOR DIAGNOSING 3-DIMENSIONAL AGEOSTROPHIC CIRCULATIONS IN BAROCLINIC DISTURBANCES ON LIMITED-AREA DOMAINS SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CONDITIONAL SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY; SEMI-GEOSTROPHIC EQUATIONS; 18-19 FEBRUARY 1979; FRONTAL CIRCULATIONS; SERIES EXPANSION; WIND-FIELD; Q-VECTOR; RECONSTRUCTION; COMPUTATION; SNOWSTORM AB The methodology developed by Keyser et al. for representing and diagnosing three-dimensional vertical circulations in baroclinic disturbances using a two-dimensional vector streamfunction, referred to as the psi vector, is restricted to f-plane channel-model geometry. The vertical circulation described by the psi vector consists of the irrotational (or divergent) part of the ageostrophic wind and the vertical velocity. A key property of the psi vector is that its projections onto arbitrarily oriented orthogonal vertical planes yield independent vertical circulations, allowing separation of a three-dimensional vertical circulation into two two-dimensional components, and thus objective assessment of the extent to which a three-dimensional vertical circulation is oriented in a preferred direction. Here the methodology for determining the psi vector is modified to be suitable for real-data applications. The modifications consist of reformulating the diagnostic equations to apply to conformal map projections and to limited-area domains; despite the desirability of incorporating topography, this task is deferred to future research. The geostrophic wind is defined in terms of constant Coriolis parameter, rendering it nondivergent and thus confining the horizontal divergence to the ageostrophic wind. The ageostrophic wind is partitioned into harmonic, rotational, and divergent components. This three-way partition provides a consistency check of the divergent ageostrophic wind recovered from the horizontal divergence field with its counterpart determined from the psi-vector calculation. The modified psi-vector methodology is illustrated for two well-documented East Coast midlatitude cyclones. The first case (the Presidents' Day storm: 1200 UTC 19 February 1979) considers an interpretation that ascent in the vicinity of a curved upper-level jet-front system may be viewed as a superposition of contributions from cross-stream divergent ageostrophic flow associated with a jet streak and from alongstream divergent ageostrophic flow associated with a baroclinic wave. The second case (the Megalopolitan storm: 1200 UTC 11 February 1983) addresses the hypothesis of Uccellini and Kocin that vertical circulations transverse to meridionally displaced upper-tropospheric jet streaks are coupled in a lateral sense. In both of these cases, the diagnoses reveal that the cross-stream component of the divergent ageostrophic circulation isolates meaningful mesoscale signatures coinciding with regions of precipitation and ascent in the vicinity of upper-level jet-front systems, whereas the alongstream component is indicative of synoptic scale vertical motion. Furthermore, it is found that the cross-contour ageostrophic flow, necessary for Lagrangian rates of change of kinetic energy in jet entrance and exit regions, is due primarily to the nondivergent (i.e., harmonic plus rotational) ageostrophic wind. This result suggests that the practice of linking cross-contour ageostrophic winds and vertical motions in jet entrance and exit regions in the qualitative assessment of energy transformations in these regions may be problematic in the case of upper-level jet-front systems situated in three-dimensional flows. C1 SUNY ALBANY, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, ALBANY, NY 12222 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 58 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 123 IS 5 BP 1476 EP 1504 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<1476:ATFDTD>2.0.CO;2 PG 29 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QV855 UT WOS:A1995QV85500014 ER PT J AU AUCIELLO, O KRAUSS, AR AF AUCIELLO, O KRAUSS, AR TI WHY IN-SITU, REAL-TIME CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN-FILM GROWTH-PROCESSES SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material ID TEMPERATURE C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP AUCIELLO, O (reprint author), MICROELECTR CTR N CAROLINA,DIV ELECTR TECHNOL,3021 CORNWALLIS RD,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QZ093 UT WOS:A1995QZ09300004 ER PT J AU KRAUSS, AR AUCIELLO, O SCHULTZ, JA AF KRAUSS, AR AUCIELLO, O SCHULTZ, JA TI TIME-OF-FLIGHT, ION-BEAM SURFACE-ANALYSIS FOR IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN-FILM GROWTH-PROCESSES SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; COAXIAL IMPACT; ALKALI C1 MICROELECTR CTR N CAROLINA,DIV ELECTR TECHNOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IBM CORP,ARMONK,NY. UNIV HOUSTON,CTR SPACE VACUUM EPITAXY,HOUSTON,TX 77204. USN,RES LABS,WASHINGTON,DC. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DEPT ENERGY MOUND,ARGONNE,IL 60439. HITACHI LTD,CENT RES LABS,TOKYO,JAPAN. BEER SHEVA NUCL RES CTR,BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RP KRAUSS, AR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 18 EP 23 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QZ093 UT WOS:A1995QZ09300005 ER PT J AU ZUIKER, CD GRUEN, DM KRAUSS, AR AF ZUIKER, CD GRUEN, DM KRAUSS, AR TI LASER-REFLECTANCE INTERFEROMETRY MEASUREMENTS OF DIAMOND-FILM GROWTH SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; LIGHT; REFLECTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPOSITION C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ZUIKER, CD (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 29 EP 31 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QZ093 UT WOS:A1995QZ09300007 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, TA GRAY, KE AF ROBERTS, TA GRAY, KE TI TOTAL-REFLECTION X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR IN-SITU, REAL-TIME ANALYSIS OF GROWING FILMS SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL COSI2 C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CTR NAVAL ANAL,ALEXANDRIA,VA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QZ093 UT WOS:A1995QZ09300009 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, JL JORDAN, R SEDITA, BA SWENNINGSON, MJ BANATH, JP OLIVE, PL AF SCHWARTZ, JL JORDAN, R SEDITA, BA SWENNINGSON, MJ BANATH, JP OLIVE, PL TI DIFFERENT SENSITIVITY TO CELL-KILLING AND CHROMOSOME MUTATION-INDUCTION BY GAMMA-RAYS IN 2 HUMAN LYMPHOBLASTOID CELL-LINES DERIVED FROM A SINGLE-DONOR - POSSIBLE ROLE OF APOPTOSIS SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CHECKPOINT; CANCER; ASSAY AB The gamma-ray sensitivity of two human lymphoblastoid cell lines, TK6 and WI-L2-NS, was studied; both cell lines are derived from the same parent, WI-L2 TK6 was more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of gamma rays, but showed fewer induced chromosome aberrations. There was no difference between the two cell lines in their capacity to rejoin DNA double-strand breaks or in the kinetics of the rejoining process. The kinetics of cell cycle progression following radiation exposure was also similar in TK6 and WI-L2-NS. However, while TK6 cells were very sensitive to apoptosis induction, showing high levels of apoptotic cells within 24 h of exposure, no evidence for any significant levels of apoptosis was found for WI-L2-NS within 30 h of irradiation, when chromosome aberration frequency was determined. Evidence of apoptosis were seen at later times in WI-L2-NS cells, but the levels were significantly lower than comparably treated TK6 cells. The results support a hypothesis that the lower survival and induced aberration frequencies in TK6 cells are due to selective removal of damaged cells by apoptotic processes prior to analysis of chromosome aberration frequencies in mitosis. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. BRITISH COLUMBIA CANC RES CTR,DEPT MED BIOPHYS,VANCOUVER,BC V5Z 1L3,CANADA. RP SCHWARTZ, JL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 23 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 227 EP 233 DI 10.1093/mutage/10.3.227 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA RB038 UT WOS:A1995RB03800012 PM 7666775 ER PT J AU TUCKER, JD AF TUCKER, JD TI PROTOCOL FOR ABERRATION IDENTIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE TERMINOLOGY SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Letter RP TUCKER, JD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD MAY PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 267 EP 267 DI 10.1093/mutage/10.3.267 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA RB038 UT WOS:A1995RB03800019 PM 7666780 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, JL BRINKMAN, WJ KASTEN, L MILLER, DW MOAN, EI MURPHY, YT STELLA, D SEDITA, BA AF SCHWARTZ, JL BRINKMAN, WJ KASTEN, L MILLER, DW MOAN, EI MURPHY, YT STELLA, D SEDITA, BA TI ALTERED METAPHASE CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE IN XRS-5 CELLS IS NOT RELATED TO ITS RADIATION SENSITIVITY OR DEFECTIVE-DNA BREAK REJOINING SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE; DNA REPAIR MUTANT; GAMMA-RAYS; KU PROTEIN ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; CHROMATIN STRUCTURE ALTERATIONS; TOPOISOMERASE-II; STRAND BREAKS; RADIOSENSITIVE MUTANTS; IONIZING-RADIATION; DAMAGING AGENTS; X-IRRADIATION; LINE; REPAIR AB The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line xrs-5 is a radiation-sensitive derivative of CHO-K1 cells. The xrs-5 cells have a defect in DNA double-strand break rejoining and show alterations in chromosome structure and nuclear morphology. The relationship between radiation sensitivity and metaphase chromosome morphology was examined in 12 'revertant' xrs-5 clones isolated following treatment with 5-azacytidine. Nine of the clones were radioresistant while the other three retained xrs-5-like radiation sensitivity. Chromosome morphology reverted to CHO-K1-like characteristics in three of the radioresistant clones and one of the radiosensitive clones suggesting that the over-condensed metaphase chromosome morphology of xrs-5 cells does not underlie its radiation sensitivity. Radiation sensitivity did correlate with DNA double-strand break rejoining ability. The radioresistant clones showing the over-condensed xrs-5-like chromosome morphology were also slightly more sensitive to the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide (VP-16) than CHO-K1, suggesting that the over-condensed morphology might be due to alterations in the phosphorylation of chromatin proteins. C1 UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RP SCHWARTZ, JL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 328 IS 2 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(94)00201-F PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QW540 UT WOS:A1995QW54000001 PM 7537859 ER PT J AU ZINGG, BC PRETSCH, W MOHRENWEISER, HW AF ZINGG, BC PRETSCH, W MOHRENWEISER, HW TI MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF 4 ENU INDUCED TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE NULL MUTANTS IN MUS-MUSCULUS SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE ETHYLNITROSOUREA; TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE NULL MUTANT ID ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; MUTATIONAL SPECTRUM; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LOCUS MUTATIONS; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; HUMAN-CELLS; GENE; ETHYLNITROSOUREA; MICE AB Four ENU-induced mutations were previously identified at the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) locus in mouse germinal mutation experiments. Each of the mutants is associated with a 50% loss of enzymatic activity in the F-1 (heterozygous) animals. Exons of the TPI gene from control mice and heterozygous mutant mice were PCR amplified and sequenced as necessary to determine the molecular lesion in the mutant alleles. Mutants Tpi*M-1NEU and Tpi*M-2NEU carried the same T:A to A:T transversion in exon 6, resulting in a Leu to Gln substitution at residue 192. Amino acid residue 192 is located in alpha-helix H6 of the protein. Tpi*M-4NEU contained a T:A to A:T transversion within the codon for residue 162 in exon 5, also causing a Leu to Gln substitution. This mutation is located at the beginning of beta-strand B6, within a highly conserved sequence region surrounding the active site residue Glu 165. Sequence analysis of Tpi*M-3NEU revealed an A:T to C:G transversion, changing the stop codon to a codon for Cys, with the resulting addition of 19 predominantly hydrophobic amino acids to the protein. All four mutations occurred at an A:T base pair. In each case, the mutation site was flanked on both sides by G:C base pairs. Each of the sequence alterations has a potential impact on the structure of the TPI protein that is consistent with the existence of a null allele. In addition to providing insight into the molecular basis of ENU induced germ cell mutations and the differences in mutation spectra among organisms, these mutants represent models for structure-function studies of this highly conserved enzyme. C1 GSF INST SAUGETIERGENET,D-85758 OBERSCHLEISSHEIM,GERMANY. RP ZINGG, BC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L-452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 328 IS 2 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00004-3 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QW540 UT WOS:A1995QW54000004 PM 7739600 ER PT J AU BERGER, I KANG, C FREDIAN, A RATLIFF, R MOYZIS, R RICH, A AF BERGER, I KANG, C FREDIAN, A RATLIFF, R MOYZIS, R RICH, A TI EXTENSION OF THE 4-STRANDED INTERCALATED CYTOSINE MOTIF BY ADENINE-CENTER-DOT-ADENINE BASE-PAIRING IN THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF D(CCCAAT) SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHENYLALANINE TRANSFER-RNA; OXYTRICHA TELOMERIC DNA; PROTEIN AB The crystal structure of d(CCCAAT), refined at 2.0 Angstrom resolution, shows a four stranded molecule in which two parallel duplexes intercalate with opposite polarity using cytosine . protonated cytosine base pairs, The intercalation motif in this structure is extended by adenine adenine base pairs, Two topologically distinct broad grooves;are found in the lath-like central part of the molecule with the phosphate groups on one side bent over towards each other, stabilized by bridging water molecules, At the 3' ends, two arrangements of intermolecular A . A . T base triplets are found, involving both asymmetric and symmetric A . A base pairs joined to thymine residues by Watson-Crick and reverse Hoogsteen base pairing, respectively. C1 MIT,DEPT BIOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. HANNOVER MED SCH,DEPT BIOPHYS CHEM,D-30623 HANNOVER,GERMANY. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,PULLMAN,WA 99164. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 30 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 2 IS 5 BP 416 EP 429 DI 10.1038/nsb0595-416 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA RF667 UT WOS:A1995RF66700017 PM 7664099 ER PT J AU CLARK, DL GORDON, JC HUFFMAN, JG WATKIN, JG ZWICK, BD AF CLARK, DL GORDON, JC HUFFMAN, JG WATKIN, JG ZWICK, BD TI PREPARATION OF MONO-PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL URANIUM(IV) SULFIDO CLUSTERS THROUGH OXIDATION OF (ETA-C(5)ME(5))UL(2)(THF)(3) - X-RAY STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF (ETA-C(5)ME(5))(3)U-3(MU(3)-I)(MU(3)-S)(MU(2)-I)(3)I-3 SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; DITHIOPHOSPHINATE COMPLEXES; URANYL GROUP; CHEMISTRY; COORDINATION; ALKOXIDE; METALLOCENES; LANTHANIDE; YTTRIUM AB Reaction of the mono-cyclopentadienyl uranium(III) complex (eta-C(5)Me(5))UI2(THF)(3) (1) with one or two equivalents of carbon disulfide in toluene solution produces [(eta-C(5)Me(5))UI2(THF)(3)]S-2 (2) in 60-80% yield. Compound 2 is converted to the trimetallic uranium(IV) cluster (eta-C(5)Me(5))(3)U-3(mu(3)-S)(mu(3)-I)(mu(2)-I)(3)I-3 (3) in low yield upon standing in solution over a period of weeks. The solid state structure of 3 was determined, and if the eta-C(5)Me(5) ligand is considered to occupy a single coordination site, then the molecular structure of 3 can be viewed as a member of the well-known M(3)(mu(3)-X)(2)(mu(2)-X)(3)X(6) structural type, with triply bridging sulfide and iodide ligands capping the triangular faces of the cluster, U-I, U-mu(2)-I, and U-mu(3)-I bond lengths average 2.952(5), 3.096(8), and 3.294(5) Angstrom, respectively, while U-mu(3)-S bond lengths average 2.75(2) Angstrom. Crystal data for 3 (at -171 degrees C): Monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, a=12.224(4), b = 17.098(6), c = 21.631(6) Angstrom, beta = 90.71(1)degrees, V = 4520.82 Angstrom(3), d(calc) = 2.998 g cm(-3), Z = 4, R = 0.089, R(w)= 0.083. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NUCL MAT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. INDIANA UNIV,CTR MOLEC STRUCT,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. RP CLARK, DL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011 NR 58 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI MONTROUGE PA DEPT UNIV PROFESSIONNEL REVUES SCIENTIFIQUES TECHNIQUE 11 RUE GOSSIN, F-92543 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 19 IS 5-6 BP 495 EP 502 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RJ569 UT WOS:A1995RJ56900004 ER PT J AU BARNHART, DM BUTCHER, RJ CLARK, DL GORDON, JC WATKIN, JG ZWICK, BD AF BARNHART, DM BUTCHER, RJ CLARK, DL GORDON, JC WATKIN, JG ZWICK, BD TI AN UNPRECEDENTED CYCLIC STRUCTURE FOR A MONOCYCLOPENTADIENYL METAL-COMPLEX - PREPARATION AND X-RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF [(ETA-C5H5)TH-2(O-I-PR)(7)](3) SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRIPLE-DECKER COMPLEXES; LEWIS BASE ADDUCTS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CYCLOPENTADIENYL LIGANDS; THORIUM; ALKOXIDES; TETRAFLUOROBORATE; DERIVATIVES; ACCEPTORS; ROUTES AB Reaction of ThBr4(THF)(4) in THF with one equivalent of cyclopentadienyl thallium, followed by three equivalents of KO-i-Pr, leads to the formation of the highly unusual hexanuclear complex [(eta-C5H5)Th-2(O-i-Pr)(7)](3). A Single crystal X-ray diffraction study revealed a cyclic structure in which three dinuclear [(eta-C5H5)Th-2(O-i-Pr)(7)](3) units are linked by (mu-eta(5):eta(5)) bridging cyclopentadienyl groups. Th-C distances to the eta-C5H5 ligands lie in the range 2.95(2) to 3.02(2) Angstrom, while terminal and bridging Th-O distances average 2.14(2) and 2.41(2) Angstrom, respectively. Crystal data for [(eta-C5H5)Th-2(O-i-Pr)(7)](3): Monoclinic space group C2/c, a=30.853(6), b=17.765(4), c=20.858(4) Angstrom, beta= 117.03(3)degrees, V=10183 Angstrom(3), d(calc)=1.845 g cm(-3), Z=4, R=0.053, R(w)=0.067. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NUCL MAT TECHNOL GRP NMT6,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BARNHART, DM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,INORGAN & STRUCT CHEM GRP CST3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011 NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI MONTROUGE PA DEPT UNIV PROFESSIONNEL REVUES SCIENTIFIQUES TECHNIQUE 11 RUE GOSSIN, F-92543 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 19 IS 5-6 BP 503 EP 508 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RJ569 UT WOS:A1995RJ56900005 ER PT J AU KOT, WK EDELSTEIN, NM AF KOT, WK EDELSTEIN, NM TI PROTACTINIUM CHEMISTRY - THE SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF PA(BH3CH3)(4) SO NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; BOROHYDRIDE; NEPTUNIUM(IV); SPECTROSCOPY; URANIUM(IV); NP(BH4)4 AB The molecular compound, Pa(BH3CH3)(4), has been synthesized from the reaction of PaCl5 or PaCl4 with Li(BH3CH3). Its optical and NMR spectra have been obtained. Because of the T-d symmetry at the Pa4+ site, the dipolar shift is zero and the temperature-dependent proton and B-11 shifts are attributed to spin-delocalization mechanisms. The H-1 NMR peaks of both the bridging and terminal protons shift to lower field as the temperature is decreased. These observations are inconsistent with a spin-polarization mechanism which assumes that the temperature-dependent shifts are proportional to the average value of the electron spin in the 5f orbitals. In addition, new synthetic routes to Pa(BH4)(4) and Pa(MeCp)(4) (MeCp = methylcyclopentadienyl) are described. They are simpler and more convenient than the published methods and take advantage of the unexpected solubility of PaCl5 in aromatic hydrocarbon. RP KOT, WK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI MONTROUGE PA DEPT UNIV PROFESSIONNEL REVUES SCIENTIFIQUES TECHNIQUE 11 RUE GOSSIN, F-92543 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1144-0546 J9 NEW J CHEM JI New J. Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 1995 VL 19 IS 5-6 BP 641 EP 654 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RJ569 UT WOS:A1995RJ56900016 ER PT J AU NORTH, GB NOBEL, PS AF NORTH, GB NOBEL, PS TI HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF CONCENTRIC ROOT TISSUES OF AGAVE DESERTI ENGELM UNDER WET AND DRYING CONDITIONS SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE WATER UPTAKE; APOPLAST; ROOT CORTEX; EXODERMIS; SUBERIN ID ZEA-MAYS-L; WATER TRANSPORT; MAIZE ROOTS; CORTICAL-CELLS; PRESSURE PROBE; EXCISED ROOTS; MOVEMENT; PERMEABILITY; ANATOMY; XYLEM AB Water moves from the root surface to the root xylem through a series of tissues, each with properties that influence the root radial hydraulic conductivity (L(R)). To determine L(R) for intact roots, root hydraulic conductivity (L(R)) and axial (xylem) conductance (K-b) were measured for root segments of the desert succulent Agave deserti Engelm. As layers were successively removed, L(R) was calculated for each layer by considering the conductivities in series. For the distal root region, no single tissue limited L(R) under wet conditions, although the suberized exodermis and sclerenchyma/endodermis were more limiting per cross-sectional area of the root than were the cortex and stele. At midroot under wet conditions, L(R) for the cortex was higher than in the distal region, and cortical cells were dead. After 28 d in drying soil, L(R) for the suberized layers decreased by over 70 % and thereby became more limiting to L(R) of the intact segment, consistent with increases in extracted lipids in these layers. During drying, intercellular lacunae formed in the cortex due to cellular collapse, and cortical L(R) decreased. After 7 d of re-wetting following drying, L(R) increased for all tissues, but not to its value under wet conditions, reflecting persisting losses in conductivity, especially in the suberized layers. Thus, new apical growth and the development of new laterals are necessary for the complete restoration of root system conductivity. Within 20 mm of the root tip, substantial uptake of the apoplastic tracer 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS) occurred, although the exodermis restricted PTS uptake further than 20 mm back from the root tip under wet conditions and all along the root after drying. When the exodermis was removed, PTS moved freely through the cortex in both distal and midroot regions, further suggesting that the cortical apoplast is a significant pathway for radial water flow. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP NORTH, GB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 42 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 130 IS 1 BP 47 EP 57 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb01813.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RB065 UT WOS:A1995RB06500004 ER PT J AU CHAVEZ, SA KELLY, DL WITT, RJ STIRN, DP AF CHAVEZ, SA KELLY, DL WITT, RJ STIRN, DP TI COMPARISON OF STRESS-BASED AND STRAIN-BASED CREEP FAILURE CRITERIA FOR SEVERE ACCIDENT ANALYSIS SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB We conducted a parametic analysis of stress-based and strain-based creep failure criteria to determine if there is a significant difference between the two criteria for SA533B vessel steel under severe accident conditions. Parametric variables include debris composition, system pressure, and creep strain histories derived from different testing programs and mathematically fit, with and without tertiary creep. Results indicate significant differences between the two criteria. Stress gradient plays an important role in determining which criterion will predict failure first. Creep failure was not very sensitive to different creep strain histories, except near the transition temperature of the vessel steel (900 K to 1000 K). Statistical analyses of creep failure data of four independent sources indicate that these data may be pooled, with a spline point at 1000 K. We found the Manson-Haferd parameter to have better failure predictive capability than the Larson-Miller parameter for the data studied. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NUCL ENGN & ENGN PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV IDAHO,DEPT MECH ENGN,MOSCOW,ID 83843. RP CHAVEZ, SA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1623,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD MAY PY 1995 VL 155 IS 3 BP 603 EP 622 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(94)00973-3 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RA252 UT WOS:A1995RA25200009 ER PT J AU MIKKELSEN, DR MCGUIRE, KM SCHMIDT, GL ZWEBEN, SJ ATTENBERGER, SE HOULBERG, WA MILORA, SL AF MIKKELSEN, DR MCGUIRE, KM SCHMIDT, GL ZWEBEN, SJ ATTENBERGER, SE HOULBERG, WA MILORA, SL TI CORE FUELING TO PRODUCE PEAKED DENSITY PROFILES IN LARGE TOKAMAKS SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS; ENHANCED PERFORMANCE; PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; TFTR TOKAMAK; PELLET; JET; CONFINEMENT; PLASMA AB Peaking the density profile increases the usable bootstrap current and the average fusion power density; this could reduce the current drive power and increase the net output of power producing tokamaks. The use of neutral beams and pellet injection to produce peaked density profiles is assessed. It is shown that with radially 'hollow' diffusivity profiles (and no particle pinch) moderately peaked density profiles can be produced by particle source profiles that are peaked off-axis. The fuelling penetration requirements can therefore be relaxed and this greatly improves the feasibility of generating peaked density profiles in large tokamaks. In particular, neutral beam fuelling does not require megavolt particle energies. Even with beam voltages of similar to 200 keV, however, exceptionally good particle confinement is needed to achieve net electrical power generation. The required ratio of particle to thermal diffusivities is an order of magnitude outside the range reported for tokamaks. In a system with no power production requirement (e.g., neutron sources) neutral beam fuelling should be capable of producing peaked density profiles in devices as large as ITER. Fuelling systems with low energy cost per particle - such as cryogenic pellet injection - must be used in power producing tokamaks when tau(p) similar to tau(E). Simulations with pellet injection speeds of 7 km/s show that the peaking factor, n(e0)/[n(e)], approaches 2. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP MIKKELSEN, DR (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 65 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 1995 VL 35 IS 5 BP 521 EP 533 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RB705 UT WOS:A1995RB70500003 ER PT J AU ZOHM, H OSBORNE, TH BURRELL, KH CHU, MS DOYLE, EJ GOHIL, P HILL, DN LAO, LL LEONARD, AW TAYLOR, TS TURNBULL, AD AF ZOHM, H OSBORNE, TH BURRELL, KH CHU, MS DOYLE, EJ GOHIL, P HILL, DN LAO, LL LEONARD, AW TAYLOR, TS TURNBULL, AD TI ELM STUDIES ON DIII-D AND A COMPARISON WITH ASDEX RESULTS SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID EDGE-LOCALIZED MODES; BALLOONING MODES; STABILITY; TOKAMAKS; DENSITY AB In previous analysis of edge localized modes (ELMs), three different types (types I, II and III) of ELM were observed in DIII-D, whereas only one type of ELM has been found in ASDEX. The type III ELMs observed on DIII-D are similar to the ELMs observed on ASDEX, whereas the type I ELMs did not occur on ASDEX. ELMs are found to be MHD events of short duration (1 to 2 ms), which, on DIII-D, may be followed by a transient L mode phase. This compound event was not observed on ASDEX. A stability analysis of DIII-D discharges indicates that in the standard DIII-D configuration, type III ELMs occur well below the ideal ballooning limit, whereas Type I ELMs generally occur close to this limit. In DIII-D discharges where the plasma parameters are close to the ASDEX values, type I ELMs are not observed, even at the beta limit. This suggests that the ELM behaviour in DIII-D is not uniquely governed by ballooning stability. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,EURATOM ASSOC,GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP ZOHM, H (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA, USA. NR 17 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 1995 VL 35 IS 5 BP 543 EP 550 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/5/I05 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RB705 UT WOS:A1995RB70500005 ER PT J AU GALAMBOS, JD PERKINS, LJ HANEY, SW MANDREKAS, J AF GALAMBOS, JD PERKINS, LJ HANEY, SW MANDREKAS, J TI COMMERCIAL TOKAMAK REACTOR POTENTIAL WITH ADVANCED TOKAMAK OPERATION SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CONFINEMENT AB The attractiveness of future commercial tokamak reactors is sensitive to the attainable plasma performance, notably plasma energy confinement and allowable beta. The impact of varying levels of confinement and beta on the size and cost of the resulting tokamak reactor is systematically quantified. Several different classes of tokamak reactors are considered, and designs are optimized in terms of cost of electricity (COE) via a coupled physics/engineering/costing systems code. Surprisingly narrow ranges of plasma confinement and beta are found to be simultaneously useful in minimizing the reactor COE, i.e. improvement in only one of these quantities is not useful beyond some point without accompanying improvements in the other. For steady state, current driven reactors characterized by H mode confinement (where tau(E) = H tau(E,L); tau(E,L) being the confinement time predicted by the ITER-89 L mode scaling, and H similar to 2), the maximum useful Troyon beta coefficient (beta(N)) is only similar to 4.3%. mT/MA. These confinement levels are similar to those observed in present day experiments. If slightly better confinement is achievable (i.e. an enhancement factor over L mode of H similar to 2.5), the maximum useful Troyon coefficient increases to beta(N) similar to 6 and the reactor COE decreases by 20%. Inductively driven, pulsed reactors have somewhat increased useful ranges of confinement relative to the steady state cases. In general, increasing the allowable beta over presently accepted limits offers the single biggest improvement in reactor attractiveness of the tokamak concept. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP GALAMBOS, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 30 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 1995 VL 35 IS 5 BP 551 EP 573 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/5/I06 PG 23 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RB705 UT WOS:A1995RB70500006 ER PT J AU GREENE, GJ AF GREENE, GJ TI ION-CYCLOTRON TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY IN THE TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; FIELDS; WAVES AB The propagation of waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies has been investigated experimentally in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). A small, broadband, radiofrequency (RF) magnetic probe located outside the plasma limiter, at a major radius near that of the plasma centre, was excited with a low power, frequency swept source (1-200 MHz). Waves propagating to a distant location were detected with a second, identical, probe. The RF transmission spectrum revealed a region of attenuation over a band of frequencies for which the minority fundamental resonance was located between the outer plasma edge and the major radius of the probe location. Distinct, non-overlapping attenuation bands were observed from hydrogen and He-3 minority species; a distinct tritium band should be observed in future DT experiments. Rapid spectrum acquisition during a He-3 gas puff experiment showed that the wave attenuation involved the plasma core and was not a surface effect. A model in which the received power varied exponentially with the minority density, averaged over the resonance region, fitted the time evolution of the probe signal relatively well. An estimation of a one dimensional tunnelling parameter from the experimental observations is discussed. Minority concentrations of less than 0.5% can be resolved with this measurement. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 1995 VL 35 IS 5 BP 583 EP 603 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/5/I08 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RB705 UT WOS:A1995RB70500008 ER PT J AU SCHIWIETZ, G BRIERE, M SCHNEIDER, D MCDONALD, J CUNNINGHAM, C AF SCHIWIETZ, G BRIERE, M SCHNEIDER, D MCDONALD, J CUNNINGHAM, C TI MEASUREMENT OF NEGATIVE-ION AND NEGATIVE-CLUSTER SPUTTERING WITH HIGHLY-CHARGED HEAVY-IONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; ELECTRON-EMISSION; DOUBLE IONIZATION; SURFACE; IMPACT; COLLISIONS; GOLD; PROBABILITY; DEPENDENCE; EXCITATION AB A single-detector technique for the measurement of negative ion time-of-flight spectra is introduced in this work. Spectra are presented for 390 keV Xe44+ ions at normal incidence on different samples. Mass distributions for C-n and SinOm clusters indicate that highly charged ions lead to a statistical off-surface formation of heavy clusters, whereas low-energy singly-charged ions may directly produce heavy carbon clusters. The detection technique has proven to be very efficient and might even be used as a nearly non-destructive surface-analysis method for investigations of time dependent surface modifications. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SCHIWIETZ, G (reprint author), HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,FD ABT,GLIENICKER STR 100,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY. RI Schiwietz, Gregor/L-9813-2016 OI Schiwietz, Gregor/0000-0002-0128-6384 NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 100 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00189-1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QZ921 UT WOS:A1995QZ92100007 ER PT J AU OVCHINNIKOV, SY MACEK, JH AF OVCHINNIKOV, SY MACEK, JH TI MECHANISMS OF IONIZATION FOR LOW-ENERGY ION-ATOM COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID COUPLED-STATE CALCULATIONS; HYDROGEN AB In tow energy atomic collision processes, the main contribution to the cross section often comes from ''hidden crossings'' of potential energy curves in the complex internuclear coordinate plane. Ionization of hydrogen by bare proton has been calculated at intermediate energies (E/A = 5-25 keV). In addition to total cross section the electron energy spectra are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST,ST PETERSBURG 194021,RUSSIA. RP OVCHINNIKOV, SY (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 8 EP 11 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00690-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000008 ER PT J AU DUBOIS, RD AF DUBOIS, RD TI SCALING OF CROSS-SECTIONS IN ION-ATOM COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID ELECTRON-EMISSION AB Differential electron emission at 15 degrees is investigated for 50-500 keV/amu hydrogen particles (H, H+, H-2(+), H-3(+)) impacting on He and H-2 targets. From ratios of cross sections relative to proton impact data, it is shown how bound projectile electrons influence the differential electron emission and where different ionization mechanisms are important. It is demonstrated that the H-2(+) and H-3(+) molecular ions interact as though they are composed of independent nuclei with the appropriate number of bound electrons, the electronic structure of the components appearing to be unimportant. RP DUBOIS, RD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 15 EP 17 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00550-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000010 ER PT J AU REINHOLD, CO BURGDORFER, J KIMURA, K MANNAMI, M AF REINHOLD, CO BURGDORFER, J KIMURA, K MANNAMI, M TI CONVOY ELECTRON-EMISSION FROM SURFACES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID GLANCING-ANGLE SCATTERING; FAST HEAVY-IONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GRAZING-ANGLE; ACCELERATION; COLLISIONS; INCIDENT; SPECTRA; CHARGE AB We present results of a microscopic simulation of fast electron emission in glancing-angle ion-surface collisions. Our model accounts for both dynamic image interactions and multiple scattering near the surface and predicts a pronounced convoy electron peak for small emission angles. Good agreement is found with our recent coincidence experiments for 0.2-0.5 MeV/u Li ions interacting with SnTe(001) surfaces. We find that convoy electrons principally originate from target core states and are emitted while the ion is in very close proximity to the topmost layer of target atoms. Because of the rapid charge changing cycle that the ions undergo during emission, almost no correlation is found between the convoy peak position and the final charge state of the ions. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. KYOTO UNIV,DEPT ENGN SCI,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. RP REINHOLD, CO (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 50 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00557-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000019 ER PT J AU PIEKSMA, M OVCHINNIKOV, SY VANECK, J WESTERVELD, WB NIEHAUS, A AF PIEKSMA, M OVCHINNIKOV, SY VANECK, J WESTERVELD, WB NIEHAUS, A TI LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS IN SLOW ION-ATOM COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID TRIPLE-CENTER TREATMENT; SADDLE-POINT ELECTRONS; IONIZING COLLISIONS; PROJECTILE-CHARGE; IONIZATION; H+; HYDROGEN; SPECTRA; IMPACT; HELIUM AB We have investigated velocity distributions of electrons ejected in adiabatic atomic collisions, both experimentally and theoretically, in search for saddle point electrons. These electrons reside on/near the top of the internuclear potential barrier on the outgoing way of the collision. The so-called theory of hidden crossings is used to treat this unusual and seemingly unstable ionization mechanism. We will discuss the experimental set-up, in particular our newly designed ''magnetic time-of-flight electron spectrometer''. For the H+-H system, at collision energies of 4 and 6 keV/amu, the good agreement between theory and experiment, for both electron velocity distributions and integrated cross sections, strongly suggests the actual existence of a saddle point ionization mechanism. At collision energies below 2 keV/amu the experimental data suggest that the recently proposed radial decoupling ionization mechanism might be effective. Besides the H+-H system we have also studied the He2+-H (theory) and H+-He (experimental) collision systems. C1 UNIV UTRECHT,DEBYE INST,DEPT ATOM & INTERFACE PHYS,3508 TA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. RP PIEKSMA, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014; Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 54 EP 57 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00556-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000020 ER PT J AU LEE, DH BRANDON, WD PEGG, DJ AF LEE, DH BRANDON, WD PEGG, DJ TI A SHAPE RESONANCE OBSERVED IN FAST COLLISIONS OF LI- IONS WITH GAS TARGETS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID ELECTRON; PHOTODETACHMENT AB A shape resonance state in the Li- ion, identified as the 2s2p P-3(o) state, has been populated in 100 keV collisions with a He gas target. The resonance was observed via zero-degree electron detachment spectroscopy in which kinematic shifting and doubling were exploited in the detection of the very low energy electrons. The electrons ejected via the resonance gave rise to structures in the electron energy spectra that were disposed about a continuum cusp. These structures corresponded to forward- and backward-directed emission in the projectile frame. Laser photodetached electron spectroscopy was used to accurately calibrate the electron energy scale and to determine the spectrometer resolution function. Preliminary analysis indicates that the measured position and width of the resonant state agree with theoretical values. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 79 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00628-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000027 ER PT J AU GERVAIS, B BURGDORFER, J AF GERVAIS, B BURGDORFER, J TI MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION OF THE PRODUCTION OF H EXCITED-STATES BY INTERACTION OF H- WITH THIN CARBON FOILS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID ATOM AB The conversion of relativistic H- to H+ beams by stripping in a thin carbon foil plays an important role in the injection of high-energy proton accelerators and storage rings. The residual portion of neutral hydrogen in excited states determines the beam loss and the level of radiation near the first turn of the ring. The understanding of the stripping is therefore of crucial importance for the optimization of the injection. We have performed a classical Monte-Carlo simulation of the transport of H- and of excited H(n) states through carbon foils at relativistic energies. The transport of bound and free electrons in the presence of the Coulomb field of the nucleus as well as the multiple scattering of the solid is taken into account. We analyzed the relativistic modification of the collision kernel and found that transverse excitations are not yet important at moderate gamma (gamma less than or equal to 2). The distribution of excited states of H and of survival of H- are presented as a function of the thickness of the foil and compared to experimental data from LAMPF. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP GERVAIS, B (reprint author), CEA,CTR INTERDISCIPLINAIRE RECH IONS LOURDS,MIXTE LAB,CNRS,RUE C BLOCH,BP 5133,F-14040 CAEN,FRANCE. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 101 EP 103 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00040-2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000033 ER PT J AU BEIERSDORFER, P AF BEIERSDORFER, P TI SPECTRAL MEASUREMENTS OF FEW-ELECTRON URANIUM IONS PRODUCED AND TRAPPED IN A HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON-BEAM ION-TRAP SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID PERTURBATION-THEORY CALCULATIONS; LAMB SHIFT; ATOMS AB Measurements of 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) electric dipole and 2p(1/2)-2p(3/2) magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole transitions in U82+ through U89+ have been made with a high-resolutioon crystal spectrometer that recorded the line radiation from stationary ions produced and trapped in a high-energy electron beam ion trap. From the measurements we infer -39.21 +/- 0.23 eV for the QED contribution to the 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transition energy of lithiumlike U89+. A comparison between our measurements and various computations illustrates the need for continued improvements in theoretical approaches for calculating the atomic structure of ions with two or more electrons in the L shell. RP BEIERSDORFER, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS & SPACE TECHNOL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 114 EP 116 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00567-2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000037 ER PT J AU TANNER, CE LIVINGSTON, AE RAFAC, RJ KUKLA, KW BERRY, HG KURTZ, CA AF TANNER, CE LIVINGSTON, AE RAFAC, RJ KUKLA, KW BERRY, HG KURTZ, CA TI PRECISION LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS USING LASER EXCITATION OF A FAST ATOMIC-BEAM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID ALL-ORDER CALCULATIONS; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; LITHIUM ATOM; CESIUM; ENERGIES; STATES; LI AB We employ resonant laser excitation of a fast atomic beam to measure excited state lifetimes by observing the decay-in-flight of the emitted fluorescence. Our program includes lifetime measurements of the low lying p states in alkali and alkali-like systems. This work was initiated by the motivation to test the atomic many-body-perturbation theory that is necessary for interpretation of parity nonconservation experiments in cesium. We report new measurements of the 6p P-2(1/2) and 6p P-2(3/2) state lifetimes in the Cs-133 atom to be 34.934 +/- 0.094 ns and 30.499 +/- 0.070 ns respectively. With mine; changes to the apparatus, we have extended our measurement capabilities to include the 2p P-2(1/2,3/2) states of lithium. We present comparisons between measurements and relativistic calculations of atomic transition matrix elements. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TANNER, CE (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. RI Kurtz, Chalres/G-1037-2011 OI Kurtz, Chalres/0000-0003-2606-0864 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 117 EP 120 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00646-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000038 ER PT J AU PEGG, DJ AF PEGG, DJ TI PHOTODETACHMENT CROSS-SECTIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID MULTIPHOTON DETACHMENT; NEGATIVE-IONS; LI AB Photodetachment is a fundamental ionization process by which electrons are ejected from negative ions following the absorption of photons. Electron correlation plays a more enhanced role in photodetachment than in photoionization. Experimentally measured photodetachment cross sections serve to guide theory since they constitute sensitive tests of the appropriateness of wavefunctions used in calculations. The status of interacting beam measurements of photodetachment cross sections is reviewed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PEGG, DJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 140 EP 143 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00691-1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000044 ER PT J AU KISSEL, L AF KISSEL, L TI TOWARD IMPROVED PHOTON-ATOM SCATTERING PREDICTIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID FORM-FACTORS; X-RAY; RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING; PHOTOABSORPTION; REFLECTION AB Photon-atom scattering is important in a variety of applications, but scattering from a composite system depends on the accurate characterization of the scattering from an isolated atom or ion. We have been examining the validity of simpler approximations of elastic scattering in the light of second-order S-matrix theory. Partitioning the many-body amplitude into Rayleigh and Delbruck components, processes beyond photoionization contribute. Subtracted cross sections for bound-bound atomic transitions and bound pair annihilation are required in anomalous scattering factors for: (1) convergence of the dispersion integral; (2) agreement with predictions of the more sophisticated S-matrix approach; (3) satisfying the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule. New accurate tabulations of anomalous scattering factors have been prepared for all Z, for energies 0-10000 keV, within the independent particle approximation (IPA) using a Dirac-Slater model of the atom. Separately, experimental atomic photoabsorption threshold information has been used to modify these IPA predictions for improved comparison with experiment. RP KISSEL, L (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS GRP L59,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 144 EP 147 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00624-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000045 ER PT J AU PITARKE, JM BERGARA, A RITCHIE, RH AF PITARKE, JM BERGARA, A RITCHIE, RH TI NONLINEAR EFFECTS ON CHARGED-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IN MATTER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID DOUBLE-PLASMON EXCITATION; STOPPING POWER; ELECTRON-GAS; Z(1)(3) CORRECTION; ENERGY-LOSS; SLOW IONS; ANTIPROTONS; ALUMINUM; WAKE AB A survey is presented of the theoretical status in understanding some nonlinear aspects of charged particle interactions in matter. In particular, a diagrammatic analysis of the many-body interactions between a moving particle and the electron gas is made to investigate, within the random-phase-approximation, the Barkas correction to the electronic stopping power, the nonlinear wake potential generated by swift ions in matter, and processes involved in multiple excitations of plasmons. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PITARKE, JM (reprint author), EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA,ZIENTZI FALKULTEA,MAT KONDENTSATUAREN FIS SAILA,E-48080 BILBAO,SPAIN. RI Pitarke, Jose/C-8602-2009; Bergara, Aitor/G-2434-2016 OI Pitarke, Jose/0000-0002-8253-8028; NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 187 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00594-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000056 ER PT J AU SHINPAUGH, JL MEYER, FW DATZ, S AF SHINPAUGH, JL MEYER, FW DATZ, S TI A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR THE STUDY OF CHARGE-TRANSFER IN MULTIPLY-CHARGED ION-ION COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID CROSS-SECTIONS AB While large cross sections (>10(-16) cm(2)) have been predicted for resonant charge transfer in ion-ion collisions, no experimental data exist for multiply charged systems. A novel technique is being developed at the ORNL ECR facility to allow study of symmetric charge exchange in multiply charged ion-ion collisions using a single ion source. Specific intra-beam charge transfer collisions occurring in a well-defined interaction region labeled by negative high voltage are identified and analyzed by electrostatic analysis in combination with ion time-of-flight coincidence detection of the collision products. Center-of-mass collision energies from 400 to 1000 eV are obtained by varying source and labeling-cell voltages. In addition, by the introduction of a target gas into the high-voltage cell, this labeling-voltage method allows measurement of electron-capture and -loss cross sections for ion-atom collisions. Consequently, higher collision energies can be investigated without the requirement of placing the ECR source on a high-voltage platform. C1 E CAROLINA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,GREENVILLE,NC 27858. RP SHINPAUGH, JL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00763-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000058 ER PT J AU HAVENER, CC BANNISTER, ME FOLKERTS, L HALE, JW PIEKSMA, M SHINPAUGH, J MEYER, FW AF HAVENER, CC BANNISTER, ME FOLKERTS, L HALE, JW PIEKSMA, M SHINPAUGH, J MEYER, FW TI COLLISIONS OF HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS WITH ELECTRONS, ATOMS AND SURFACES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID CROSS-SECTIONS; MERGED-BEAMS; CAPTURE; ACCELERATION AB At the Oak Ridge Multicharged Ion Source Facility, an experimental atomic collisions physics program is centered around a recently upgraded Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) multicharged ion source. The 10 GHz CAPRICE source has been in operation since October 22, 1992, and has provided more intense, higher charge ion beams than our previous ECR ion source. Intense metallic beams have recently become available with the installation of a metallic oven on the source. In addition to measurements of electron-impact excitation, carried out in collaboration with the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA), experiments are presently on-line to study electron-impact ionization, low-energy ion-atom collisions, and ion-surface interactions. A brief summary of our various activities with an emphasis on the new capabilities is presented. C1 E CAROLINA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,GREENVILLE,NC 27858. RP HAVENER, CC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00587-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000062 ER PT J AU BORLAND, M AF BORLAND, M TI CONSTRUCTION AND COMMISSIONING OF THE POSITRON ACCUMULATOR RING FOR THE APS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB The injector for the advanced photon source (APS) incorporates a 450 MeV positron accumulator ring (PAR) to accumulate and damp positrons from the 60 Hz linac during each cycle of the 2 Hz synchrotron. An overview of PAR hardware is presented. Commissioning of the PAR is well underway using electrons. Studies have produced a modified lattice model using three free parameters that agrees well with measurements. Principle problems are high leakage fields from the septum and ion trapping. RP BORLAND, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 271 EP 273 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00213-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000075 ER PT J AU WELLS, JC OBERACKER, VE STRAYER, MR UMAR, AS AF WELLS, JC OBERACKER, VE STRAYER, MR UMAR, AS TI LATTICE CALCULATION FOR LEPTON CAPTURE FROM VACUUM-PAIR PRODUCTION IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ENERGIES AB The new colliding-beam heavy-ion accelerators, designed to investigate nuclear matter at high temperatures and densities, have motivated great interest during the last decade concerning possible new electromagnetic phenomena. One of the most interesting of these processes is the sparking of the vacuum to produce lepton-antilepton pairs. The process of electron capture from vacuum pair production is a principal beam-loss mechanism for highly charged relativistic ions in a storage ring, and thus must be considered in the design and the operation of these machines. In this paper, we present calculated impact-parameter-dependent probabilities and cross sections for muon capture from vacuum production in collisions of relativistic heavy ions by solving the time-dependent Dirac equation in unrestricted three-dimensional space using lattice-collocation techniques. Calculations are performed for muon-pair production with capture into the K-shell in collisions of (197)AU + (197)AU at collider kinetic energies of 2 GeV per nucleon. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR COMPUTAT INTENS PHYS,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013; Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253; Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00652-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000081 ER PT J AU MOORE, EF HENNING, W JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL SANDERS, SJ AHMAD, I AMRO, H BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B DRIGERT, MW GASSMAN, D HENRY, RG LAURITSEN, T LISTER, CJ NISIUS, D AF MOORE, EF HENNING, W JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL SANDERS, SJ AHMAD, I AMRO, H BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B DRIGERT, MW GASSMAN, D HENRY, RG LAURITSEN, T LISTER, CJ NISIUS, D TI SEARCH FOR THE 2-PHONON OCTUPOLE VIBRATIONAL-STATE IN PB-208 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID COUPLED-CHANNELS CALCULATIONS AB We have performed an experiment to search for the two-phonon octupole vibrational state in Pb-208. Thick targets of Pb-208, Bi-209, Ni-58,Ni-64, and Gd-160 were bombarded with 1305 MeV beams of Pb-208 supplied by the ATLAS accelerator facility at Argonne. Gamma rays were measured using the Argonne-Notre Dame BGO gamma ray facility, consisting of 12 Compton suppressed Ge detectors surrounding an array of 50 EGO scintillators. We have identified some 30 known gamma rays from Pb-208 in coincidence spectra gated on low-lying transitions in Pb-208. In addition, after unfolding these spectra for Compton response, we observe broad coincident structures in the energy region expected for the decay of 2-phonon states. Furthermore, we have confirmed the placement of a previously observed 2485 keV gamma ray in Pb-207 and find no evidence consistent with the placement of this line in Pb-208. C1 TRIANGLE UNIV NUCL LAB,DURHAM,NC 27708. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP MOORE, EF (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 308 EP 311 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00687-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000085 ER PT J AU DELLWO, J ALTON, GD BATCHELDER, JC BREITENBACH, J CARTER, HK CHEDIAK, JA DIBARTOLO, G ICHIKAWA, S JENTOFFNILSEN, K KORMICKI, J AF DELLWO, J ALTON, GD BATCHELDER, JC BREITENBACH, J CARTER, HK CHEDIAK, JA DIBARTOLO, G ICHIKAWA, S JENTOFFNILSEN, K KORMICKI, J TI TARGET SELECTION FOR THE HRIBF PROJECT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Experiments are in progress at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) which are designed to select the most appropriate target materials for generating particular radioactive ion beams for the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF). The 25-MV tandem accelerator is used to implant stable complements of interesting radioactive elements into refractory targets mounted in a high-temperature FEBIAD ion source which is on-line at the UNISOR facility. These experiments permit selection of the target material most appropriate for the rapid release of the element of interest, as well as realistic estimates of the efficiency of the FEBIAD source. From diffusion release data information on the release times and diffusion coefficients can be derived. Diffusion coefficients for Cl implanted into and diffused from CeS and Zr5Si3 and As, Br, and Se implanted into and diffused from Zr5Ge3 have been derived from the resulting intensity versus time profiles. C1 JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNISOR,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN. ALFRED UNIV,NEW YORK STATE COLL CERAM,ALFRED,NY 14802. LNS,CATANIA,ITALY. GEORGIA TECHNOL UNIV,ATLANTA,GA. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. RP DELLWO, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 335 EP 337 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00619-9 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000092 ER PT J AU MANTICA, PF AF MANTICA, PF TI EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS FOR THE ORNL RIB FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID RECOIL MASS-SPECTROMETER AB The individual components of the Oak Ridge Recoil Mass Spectrometer (RMS) have been fabricated and delivered to Oak Ridge, and installation of the spectrometer has been initiated in the new Robinson Hall annex to the Physics Division complex at ORNL. The use of this device, along with its associated detection systems, in the study of evaporation products from compound nuclear reactions involving medium mass radioactive beams, will prove essential for the study of nuclear structure at and near the proton drip line. The status of the installation and testing of the RMS is reported, as well as the status of the development of the ancillary detection equipment to be used at the focal plane of the RMS. These include a position-sensitive avalanche counter, ionization chamber, and double sided silicon strip detectors. RP MANTICA, PF (reprint author), UNISOR,OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 338 EP 341 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00632-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000093 ER PT J AU HOFSTEE, MA BLACKMON, JC CHAMPAGNE, AE BATEMAN, NPT PARKER, PD YILDIZ, K YOUNG, BM VOGELAAR, RB SMITH, MS AF HOFSTEE, MA BLACKMON, JC CHAMPAGNE, AE BATEMAN, NPT PARKER, PD YILDIZ, K YOUNG, BM VOGELAAR, RB SMITH, MS TI INVESTIGATING THE ASTROPHYSICALLY IMPORTANT E(X)=2.646 MEV STATE IN NA-20 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID NE-19(P,GAMMA)NA-20 REACTION-RATE AB Observations of neon lines in the spectra of energetic novae have prompted a renewed look at explosive hydrogen burning. The Ne-19(p, gamma)Na-20 reaction is expected to play a major role in the breakout of the hot CNO cycle to the rp-process, which can process CNO nuclei to heavier elements. The reaction rate is dominated by the lowest resonance in the Ne-19 + p system, corresponding to the E(x) = 2.646 MeV state in Na-20. A large variety of nuclear experimental techniques have been used to study this state; e.g. charge exchange reactions, beta-delayed proton decay and radioactive beams. Their results have lead to a J(pi) = 3(+) assignment for this state [B. Brown et al., Phys. Rev. C 48 (1993) 1456], allowing an estimate of the proton width (Gamma(p)). This leaves the gamma width (Gamma(gamma)) to be determined. We have performed Ne-20(He-3, t gamma) experiments to measure the branching ratio (Gamma(gamma)/Gamma) of the E(x) = 2.646 MeV excited state in Na-20. C1 DUKE UNIV,TRIANGLE UNIV NUCL LAB,DURHAM,NC 27706. YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV OXFORD TRINITY COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HARTFORD,CT 06106. RP HOFSTEE, MA (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 346 EP 348 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00307-X PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000095 ER PT J AU SMITH, MS AF SMITH, MS TI NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS AT THE HOLIFIELD-RADIOACTIVE-ION-BEAM-FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID HIGH-RESOLUTION AB The potential for understanding spectacular stellar explosions such as novae, supernovae, and X-ray bursts will be greatly enhanced by the availability of the low-energy, high-intensity, accelerated beams of proton-rich radioactive nuclei currently being developed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These beams will be utilized in absolute cross section measurements of crucial (p, gamma) capture reactions in efforts to resolve the substantial qualitative uncertainties in current models of explosive stellar hydrogen burning outbursts. Details of the nuclear astrophysics research program with unique HRIBF radioactive beams and a dedicated experimental endstation - centered on the Daresbury Recoil Separator - will be presented. RP SMITH, MS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,MS-6371,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 349 EP 352 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00643-1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000096 ER PT J AU GRISHAM, LR KAMPERSCHROER, JH OCONNOR, T STEVENSON, T VONHALLE, A WRIGHT, KW AF GRISHAM, LR KAMPERSCHROER, JH OCONNOR, T STEVENSON, T VONHALLE, A WRIGHT, KW TI OPERATIONS WITH TRITIUM NEUTRAL BEAMS ON THE TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB In November of 1993 the tokamak fusion test reactor began operating with a deuterium-tritium fuel mixture instead of the pure deuterium which it had used heretofore. The major portion of this tritium has been supplied as energetic neutral particles injected by the neutral beams. After an initial run in which some ion sources used a mixture of 2% T and 98% D to test tokamak systems, full tritium beam operations commenced, with some of the ion sources run on pure tritium and some on deuterium to optimize the fuel mixture in the core plasma. Hundreds of tritium source shots have now occurred, with reliability which is better than that typical of deuterium operation. The maximum power injected with deuterium and tritium beams was 39.6 MW. D-T fusion power levels of up to 10.7 MW have been produced. Energy confinement in D-T plasmas of the ''supershot'' variety appears to be better than in similar deuterium plasmas. RP GRISHAM, LR (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 353 EP 356 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00753-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000097 ER PT J AU ANTOLAK, AJ BENCH, GS HILDNER, ML AF ANTOLAK, AJ BENCH, GS HILDNER, ML TI ENHANCEMENTS IN THE LIVERMORE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS PACKAGE PIXEF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID X-RAY-DETECTORS; EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION; STATISTICS AB A number of enhancements have been incorporated into the Livermore particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) spectral fitting program PIXEF (for PIXE-FIT) in order to improve our quantitative analysis capability for data collected with Si(Li) detectors. Some of the new features include an improved description for the background which takes into account X-ray absorption effects, a better representation of the line shapes using Voigtian distributions, and a better treatment of peak fitting in regions of poor counting statistics. The implementation of these improvements into PIXEF is described. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ANTOLAK, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 406 EP 409 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00660-1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000110 ER PT J AU MORSE, DH BENCH, GS FREEMAN, SPHT PONTAU, AE AF MORSE, DH BENCH, GS FREEMAN, SPHT PONTAU, AE TI MICROBEAM PIXE ANALYSIS USING WAVELENGTH DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETRY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry (WDS) offers significant advantages over energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry for PIXE analysis in some situations. Compared with energy dispersive Si(Li) detectors, the better energy resolution of WDS results in better separation of closely spaced adjacent X-ray peaks and enhanced signal to background ratios. These can result in greater accuracy in quantitative analysis, and increased sensitivity for trace element analysis. In addition, it is possible to analyze elements from beryllium upwards (Z greater than or equal to 4). We have installed a commercial WDS detector on a nuclear microprobe system located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Advantages and limitations of wavelength dispersive spectrometry and considerations for calibration and operation are discussed. Representative results are presented for micro-PIXE analysis. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MORSE, DH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 9162,BOX 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Freeman, Stewart/C-3290-2012 OI Freeman, Stewart/0000-0001-6148-3171 NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 427 EP 430 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00636-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000115 ER PT J AU BURKHART, JH BARBOUR, JC AF BURKHART, JH BARBOUR, JC TI MATERIAL ANALYSIS USING COMBINED ELASTIC RECOIL DETECTION AND RUTHERFORD ENHANCED RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETRY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Three complimentary ion beam techniques will be combined in the analysis of oxide and nitride based materials, in particular BN/SiC and La0.85Sr0.15CoO3. These materials can be synthesized over composition ranges which vary the physical and electrical properties, and therefore an accurate measure of the composition profiles is critical for controlling these properties. Elastic recoil detection (ERD) revealed the composition of light elements from H to O, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RES) gave the composition of heavier elements (e.g., Si, Sr, Co and La). Enhanced Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (ERBS) complimented these techniques by utilizing enhanced cross sections, greater than Rutherford, to increase the signal-to-noise ratio for analysis of mid-range elements O, C, and N. ERD with 24 MeV Si ions gave profiles for H, B, and N in thin films, and 30 MeV Si was able to profile O in the top portion of heavier samples. Although 2.8 MeV He RES worked well for heavier elements, ERBS utilized He ions at 3.5 MeV for N analysis and 8.7 MeV for O analysis, because at these energies the cross sections are 2 and 22 times Rutherford, respectively. Also, the depth of analysis was greater with ERBS because of the increased incident energy. C1 IDAHO STATE UNIV,POCATELLO,ID 83201. RP BURKHART, JH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 484 EP 487 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00766-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000129 ER PT J AU RUEHLICKE, C BRIERE, MA SCHNEIDER, D AF RUEHLICKE, C BRIERE, MA SCHNEIDER, D TI AFM STUDIES OF A NEW-TYPE OF RADIATION DEFECT ON MICA SURFACES CAUSED BY HIGHLY-CHARGED ION IMPACT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Radiation induced defects on mica caused by the impact of slow very highly charged ions (SVHCI) have been investigated with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Freshly cleaved surfaces of different types of muscovite were irradiated with SVHCI extracted from the LLNL electron beam ion trap (EBIT) at velocities of about 2 keV/amu. Atomic force microscopy of the surface reveals the formation of blisterlike defects associated with single ion impact. The determined defect volume which appears to increase linearly with the incident charge state and exhibits a threshold incident charge state has been determined using the AFM. These results indicate that target atoms are subjected to mutual electrostatic repulsion due to ionization through potential electron emission upon approach of the ion. If the repulsion leads to permanent atomic displacement, surface defects are formed. C1 UNIV BIELEFELD,D-33615 BIELEFELD,GERMANY. RP RUEHLICKE, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 8 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 528 EP 531 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00308-8 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000141 ER PT J AU MCANINCH, JE BENCH, GS FREEMAN, SPHT ROBERTS, ML SOUTHON, JR VOGEL, JS PROCTOR, ID AF MCANINCH, JE BENCH, GS FREEMAN, SPHT ROBERTS, ML SOUTHON, JR VOGEL, JS PROCTOR, ID TI PXAMS - PROJECTILE X-RAY AMS - X-RAY YIELDS AND APPLICATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Characteristic X-rays have recently been explored as a method for the detection and identification of ions in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) [H. Artigalas et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 92 (1994) 227; M. Wagner et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 89 (1994) 266]. After analysis in the AMS spectrometer, the ions stop in an appropriately chosen target and the induced X-rays identify the ions by atomic number. For the application of AMS to higher mass isotopes, characteristic X-rays allow significantly better discrimination of competing atomic isobars than is possible using energy loss detectors. Characteristic X-rays also show promise as a convenient component in hybrid detection systems. Measurements of X-ray yields are presented for Si, Fe, Ni, Se, Mo, and Pd ions of 0.5-2 MeV/amu. The yields rise by more than a factor of 10 over this energy range, and approach X-ray per incident ion at 2 MeV/amu for the lighter ions. Preliminary work on the application of PXAMS to the detection of Se-79 is described. RP MCANINCH, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Freeman, Stewart/C-3290-2012 OI Freeman, Stewart/0000-0001-6148-3171 NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 541 EP 545 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00633-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000144 ER PT J AU BENCH, GS BALHORN, R FRIZ, AM AF BENCH, GS BALHORN, R FRIZ, AM TI NUCLEAR MICROSCOPY OF SPERM CELL ELEMENTAL STRUCTURE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID MOUSE SPERM; CHROMATIN; PROTAMINE-P2 AB Theories suggest there is a link between protamine concentrations in individual sperm and male fertility. Previously, biochemical analyses have used pooled samples containing millions of sperm to determine protamine concentrations. These methods have not been able to determine what percentage of morphologically normal sperm are biochemically defective and potentially infertile. Nuclear microscopy has been utilized to measure elemental profiles at the single sperm level. By measuring the amount of phosphorus and sulfur, the total DNA and protamine content in individual sperm from fertile bull and mouse semen have been determined. These values agree with results obtained from other biochemical analyses. Nuclear microscopy shows promise for measuring elemental profiles in the chromatin of individual sperm. The technique may be able to resolve theories regarding the importance of protamines to male fertility and identify biochemical defects responsible for certain types of male infertility. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BENCH, GS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 553 EP 556 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00546-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000147 ER PT J AU FREEMAN, SPHT SERFASS, RE KING, JC SOUTHON, JR FANG, Y WOODHOUSE, LR BENCH, GS MCANINCH, JE AF FREEMAN, SPHT SERFASS, RE KING, JC SOUTHON, JR FANG, Y WOODHOUSE, LR BENCH, GS MCANINCH, JE TI BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE PREPARATION AND CA-41 AMS MEASUREMENT AT LLNL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID SPECTROMETRY AB Calcium metabolism in biology may be better understood by the use of Ca-41 tracer, although requiring detection by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Methodologies for preparation of urine samples and subsequent AMS measurement were investigated. Novel attempts at preparing CaH2 were unsuccessful, but CaF2 of sufficient purity could be produced by precipitation of calcium from urine as oxalate, followed by separation of calcium by cation exchange chromatography and washing the CaF2 precipitate. The presence of some remaining impurities could be compensated for by selecting the appropriate accelerated ion charge state for AMS. The use of projectile X-rays for isobar discrimination was explored as an alternative to the conventional dE/dx detector. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT FOOD SCI & HUMAN NUTR,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUTR SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP FREEMAN, SPHT (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Freeman, Stewart/C-3290-2012 OI Freeman, Stewart/0000-0001-6148-3171 NR 10 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 557 EP 561 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00342-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000148 ER PT J AU YU, N NASTASI, M LEVINE, TE TESMER, JR HOLLANDER, MG EVANS, CR MAGGIORE, CJ AF YU, N NASTASI, M LEVINE, TE TESMER, JR HOLLANDER, MG EVANS, CR MAGGIORE, CJ TI IN-SITU CAPABILITY OF ION-BEAM MODIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS AT LOS-ALAMOS-NATIONAL-LABORATORY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB The capability of in-situ ion beam modification and characterization of materials developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory is described. A beam-line from a 3 MV tandem accelerator and a beam-line from a 200 kV ion implanter are joined together in an in-situ target chamber. The chamber is equipped with a cold and hot sample stage with a temperature range from - 100 to 500 degrees C. The angular (sample spin and basal rotation) motions and translational motions of the sample stage are controlled by a multi-axis goniometer. This chamber provides a unique capability to conduct a temperature dependent experiment of ion irradiation and sequential backscattering and channeling analysis. The efficiency and reliability of in-situ ion beam techniques are demonstrated by two examples, irradiation damage in (100) MgAl2O4 spinel crystals and ion-beam-induced densification of zirconia sol-gel thin films. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP YU, N (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 566 EP 568 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00702-0 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000150 ER PT J AU MAGRUDER, RH ZUHR, RA OSBORNE, DH AF MAGRUDER, RH ZUHR, RA OSBORNE, DH TI MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF GLASS BY SEQUENTIAL ION-IMPLANTATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID RESONANCE; SILICA AB The linear and nonlinear optical properties of a series of samples formed by the sequential implantation of Ti, O and Au in high purity silica are examined Energies of implantation for each ion were chosen using TRIM calculations to insure overlap of the ion distributions. The Ti was implanted with nominal doses of 1.2 and 2 X 10(17) ions/cm(2). The samples were implanted with oxygen to the same nominal dose as the Ti. Au was then implanted with a nominal dose of 6 X 10(16) ions/cm(2). The samples were subsequently annealed in oxygen at 900 degrees C for two hours. The Ti is incorporated into the host network, whereas the Au forms nanosize colloids. The presence of the Ti in the substrate causes a shift in the surface plasmon resonance frequency of the Au metal colloids as well as increase in the nonlinear response of the composites. The results are interpreted using effective medium theory. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP MAGRUDER, RH (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL ENGN & SCI,221 KIRKLAND HALL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 12 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 590 EP 593 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00203-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000157 ER PT J AU HUNN, JD WITHROW, SP WHITE, CW CLAUSING, RE HEATHERLY, L CHRISTENSEN, CP PARIKH, NR AF HUNN, JD WITHROW, SP WHITE, CW CLAUSING, RE HEATHERLY, L CHRISTENSEN, CP PARIKH, NR TI THE SEPARATION OF THIN SINGLE-CRYSTAL FILMS FROM BULK DIAMOND BY MEV IMPLANTATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB A technique has been developed whereby a thin layer (similar to 1 mu m thick) can be removed, intact, from the surface of a single-crystal diamond. This process involves the creation of a sacrificial layer below the crystal's surface by ion implantation followed by selective etching of this sacrificial layer in order to free the overlying diamond plate. In combination with homoepitaxial growth of diamond films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) this process presents the possibility of generating multiple single-crystal diamond wafers from one regenerative substrate. Such a method might make diamond a cost effective material for microelectronics applications. We have also combined this lift-off technique with a technique for patterning diamond with an excimer laser microbeam to produce free-standing diamond components with submillimeter dimensions. In this paper we discuss the lift-off technique and give some examples of its application to diamond micromachining. C1 POTOMAC PHOTON, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA. UNIV N CAROLINA, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. RP HUNN, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 602 EP 605 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00681-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000160 ER PT J AU WANDERER, P ANERELLA, MD GREENE, AF KELLY, E WILLEN, E AF WANDERER, P ANERELLA, MD GREENE, AF KELLY, E WILLEN, E TI TECHNOLOGY-TRANSFER FOR INDUSTRIAL-PRODUCTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS FOR THE RHIC PROJECT AT BNL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Industrial production of superconducting magnets for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has begun. The R&D for the magnets was carried out at BNL. Following the award of build-to-print contracts, staff from the laboratory and the vendors worked toward transferring both design principles and practical details to an industrial framework for cost-effective production. All magnets made thus far have been acceptable for use in RHIC. RP WANDERER, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RHIC PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 681 EP 683 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00649-0 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000179 ER PT J AU NEAU, EL PRESTWICH, KR AF NEAU, EL PRESTWICH, KR TI NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN HIGH AVERAGE POWER SHORT-PULSE INDUCTION ACCELERATORS FOR INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Short-pulse accelerator technology developed during the early 1960s through the late 1980s is being extended to high average power systems capable of use in industrial and environmental applications. Kilowatts to megawatts of beam power will be required for processes requiring high dose levels and/or high volume throughput systems. Accelerating potentials can range from less than 1 MV to as much as 10 MV depending on the type of beam, depth of penetration required, and the density of the product being treated. This paper addresses the status of a new family of high average power systems, with output beam power levels up to 300 kW, that use saturable core switches to achieve output pulse widths of 50 to 80 ns. Inductive adders and field emission cathodes are used to generate beams of electrons or X-rays at up to 2.5 MeV over areas of 1000 cm(2). Similar high average power technology is being used at less than or equal to 1 MeV to drive ion beam sources for treatment of material surfaces over 100s of cm(2). RP NEAU, EL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS1152,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 701 EP 705 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00689-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000184 ER PT J AU KOEPKE, K AF KOEPKE, K TI TESLA SUPERCONDUCTING RF CAVITY DEVELOPMENT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB The TESLA collaboration has made steady progress since its first official meeting at Cornell in 1990. The infrastructure necessary to assemble and test superconducting rf cavities has been installed at the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) at DESY. 5-cell, 1.3 GHz cavities have been fabricated and have reached accelerating fields of 25 MV/m. Full sized 9-cell copper cavities of TESLA geometry have been measured to verify the higher order modes present and to evaluate HOM coupling designs. The design of the TESLA 9-cell cavity has been finalized and industry has started delivery. Two prototype 9-cell niobium cavities in their first tests have reached accelerating fields of 10 MV/m and 15 MV/m in a vertical dewar after high peak power (HPP) conditioning. The first 12 m TESLA cryomodule that will house 8 9-cell cavities is scheduled to be delivered in Spring 1995. A design report for the TTF is in progress. The TTF test linac is scheduled to be commissioned in 1996/1997. RP KOEPKE, K (reprint author), UNIV RES ASSOC,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 706 EP 709 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000185 ER PT J AU KWAN, JW ANDERSON, OA REGINATO, LL VELLA, MC YU, SS AF KWAN, JW ANDERSON, OA REGINATO, LL VELLA, MC YU, SS TI A 2.5 MEV ELECTROSTATIC QUADRUPOLE DC ACCELERATOR FOR BNCT APPLICATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB A DC electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ) accelerator is capable of producing a 2.5 MeV, 100 mA proton beam for the purpose of generating epithermal neutrons for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. The ESQ accelerator has a strong transverse held for beam focusing and for suppressing secondary electrons and is therefore suitable for high current use, The ESQ physics is well understood and the remaining challenge ahead is in developing the proper power supply system. RP KWAN, JW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 710 EP 712 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00626-1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000186 ER PT J AU RIMMER, RA AF RIMMER, RA TI RF SYSTEM RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PEP-II B-FACTORY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB The PEP-II B factory will be a high-luminosity asymmetric electron-positron collider optimized for the study of CP violation [1]. It is being built at SLAG by a collaboration including SLAG, LBL and LLNL. The integrated-luminosity needed for the experiment requires high average beam current in the two storage rings and this creates significant challenges in the design of the RF system and other components. The paper describes the R and D activities in progress towards meeting these challenges and some of the significant achievements in the areas of RF cavity design, higher-order mode damping, RF window design and feedback systems. RP RIMMER, RA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 717 EP 720 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00595-8 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000188 ER PT J AU FINK, CL MICKLICH, BJ YULE, TJ HUMM, P SAGALOVSKY, L MARTIN, MM AF FINK, CL MICKLICH, BJ YULE, TJ HUMM, P SAGALOVSKY, L MARTIN, MM TI EVALUATION OF NEUTRON TECHNIQUES FOR ILLICIT SUBSTANCE DETECTION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB We are studying inspection systems based on the use of fast neutrons for detecting illicit substances such as explosives and drugs in luggage and cargo containers. Fast-neutron techniques can determine the quantities of light elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in a volume element. Illicit substances containing these elements are characterized by distinctive elemental densities or density ratios. We discuss modeling and tomographic reconstruction studies for fast-neutron transmission spectroscopy. RP FINK, CL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 748 EP 752 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00232-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000196 ER PT J AU WOMBLE, PC SCHULTZ, FJ VOURVOPOULOS, G AF WOMBLE, PC SCHULTZ, FJ VOURVOPOULOS, G TI NONDESTRUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION USING PULSED FAST-THERMAL NEUTRONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Explosives, illicit drugs, and other contraband materials contain various chemical elements in quantities and ratios that differentiate them from each other and from innocuous substances. Furthermore, the major chemical elements in coal can provide information about various parameters of importance to the coal industry. In both examples, the non-destructive identification of chemical elements can be performed using pulsed fast-thermal neutrons that, through nuclear reactions, excite the nuclei of the various elements. This technique is being currently developed for the dismantling of nuclear weapons classified as trainers, and for the on-line coal bulk analysis. C1 WESTERN KENTUCKY UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BOWLING GREEN,KY 42101. RP WOMBLE, PC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT APPL RADIAT MEASUREMENTS,MS 6388,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 6 TC 35 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 757 EP 760 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00326-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000198 ER PT J AU SIVERS, EA AF SIVERS, EA TI USE OF MULTIPLE CT SCANS TO ACCOMMODATE LARGE OBJECTS AND STRETCH DYNAMIC-RANGE OF DETECTABILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Rotate-only X-ray CT scanners are preferred for inspection purposes because of their speed and dose utilization, but suffer from the restriction that the scanned object must fit within the radiation beam. In addition, the ratio of signals unattenuated by air paths to those penetrating thick, dense objects often exceeds the dynamic range of conventional X-ray detectors. Both of these disadvantages can be removed for objects larger than the X-ray beam by taking multiple scans, each of which exposes only part of the object. These partial data sets can then be merged to produce a complete data set. For most objects, it is also possible to separately expose regions in which the ratios between the extremes of attenuation are much lower than the ratio between air and the maximum path length. In this case, it is possible to use a higher flux to image denser regions, and thus improve signal-to-noise ratios and produce images superior to those of larger scanners with the same dynamic range. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 761 EP 764 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00642-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000199 ER PT J AU EVANS, AE AF EVANS, AE TI SAFETY OF DEPARTMENT-OF-ENERGY ACCELERATORS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB In keeping with the enhancement of environmental, safety, and health programs which has occurred in DOE over the past six years, a Safety Order, DOE Order 5480.25, ''Safety of Accelerator Facilities'', was issued on November 3, 1992. This order applies to all DOE-owned accelerators capable of creating a radiation area (5 mrem/h, as defined by DOE Rule 10CFR 835 (12/14/93)) except for commercial radiation-generating equipment It is the intent of the order to provide a level of safety comparable to that required of reactors and nuclear processing facilities, without imposing the prescriptiveness of the DOE Nuclear Facility Safety Orders. Key requirements for each facility are: 1) a hazard classification approved by DOE; 2) a design-stage safety review of new large facilities; 3) readiness reviews before commissioning and before routine operation; 4) a safety envelope specifying limits for operation; 5) a safety assessment document; and 6) a documented training program. This order does not supersede other DOE safety requirements. RP EVANS, AE (reprint author), US DOE,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20545, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 794 EP 796 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00752-7 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000208 ER PT J AU FINN, RD SHEH, Y BUI, V LARSON, SM SCHLYER, D AF FINN, RD SHEH, Y BUI, V LARSON, SM SCHLYER, D TI REFINEMENTS WITH TARGETRY TO OVERCOME ACCELERATOR ENERGY CONSTRAINTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Nuclear medicine is the specialty of medical imaging which utilizes a variety of radionuclides incorporated into specific compounds for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. During recent years research in this discipline has concentrated on the decay characteristics of particular radionuclides as well as upon the design of unique radiolabeled tracers necessary to achieve the time-dependent molecular image. Many of the radionuclides under consideration are accelerator produced. The cyclotron at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), one of the earliest accelerators dedicated to serve a medical research program, has undergone an extensive reconditioning effort to meet the challenges of enhanced operational performance and improved radiochemical production necessitated by the Center's clinical research effort. Special emphasis has been applied to the development of target systems in order to achieve pilot production of sufficient quantities of required radionuclides to undertake clinical evaluation of promising tracers. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,DEPT RADIOL & MED PHYS,NUCL MED SERV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP FINN, RD (reprint author), MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,RADIOCHEM CYCLOTRON CORE FACIL,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 814 EP 816 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00762-4 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000214 ER PT J AU CLINE, DB GARREN, AA GREEN, MA KOLONKO, J MADURA, D AF CLINE, DB GARREN, AA GREEN, MA KOLONKO, J MADURA, D TI A COMPACT HARD X-RAY SOURCE FOR MEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOMOLECULAR STUDIES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AB There are a large number of synchrotron light sources in the world. However, these sources are designed for physics, chemistry, and engineering studies. To our knowledge, none have been optimized for either medical imaging or biomolecular studies. There are special needs for these applications. We present here a preliminary design of a very compact source, small enough for a hospital or a biomolecular laboratory, that is suitable for these applications. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ACCELERATOR & FUS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MECH ENGN SECT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MARTIN MARIETTA,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP CLINE, DB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR ADV ACCELERATORS,DEPT PHYS,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 821 EP 823 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00214-6 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000216 ER PT J AU CHU, WT AF CHU, WT TI ION-BEAMS FOR CANCER-TREATMENT - A PERSPECTIVE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 07-10, 1994 CL DENTON, TX SP US DOE, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ N Texas AB Clinical use of proton and light-ion beams for cancer treatment is burgeoning worldwide. Various accelerator types, including synchrotrons, cyclotrons, and linacs, will be used for hospital-based proton facilities dedicated to therapy. When compared with conventional radiotherapy, the proton modality turns out to be a viable option that is not only therapeutically superior but also more cost-effective. To achieve full potential of proton treatments, further technological developments such as in better tumor delineation and increased precision in treatment delivery are needed. RP CHU, WT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1995 VL 99 IS 1-4 BP 835 EP 838 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00616-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RK760 UT WOS:A1995RK76000220 ER EF