FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU MOLLER, P NIX, JR MYERS, WD SWIATECKI, WJ AF MOLLER, P NIX, JR MYERS, WD SWIATECKI, WJ TI NUCLEAR GROUND-STATE MASSES AND DEFORMATIONS SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID DROPLET MODEL; SHAPES; HEAVY; FORMULA; FISSION; GAPS AB We tabulate the atomic mass excesses and nuclear ground-state deformations of 8979 nuclei ranging from O-16 to A = 339. The calculations are based on the finite-range droplet macroscopic model and the folded-Yukawa single-particle microscopic model. Relative to our 1981 mass table the current results are obtained with an improved macroscopic model, an improved pairing model with a new form for the effective-interaction pairing gap, and minimization of the ground-state energy with respect to additional shape degrees of freedom. The values of only nine constants are determined directly from a least-squares adjustment to the ground-state masses of 1654 nuclei ranging from O-16 to (263)106 and to 28 fission-barrier heights. The error of the mass model is 0.669 MeV for the entire region of nuclei considered, but is only 0.448 MeV for the region N greater than or equal to 65. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MOLLER, P (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 33 TC 2777 Z9 2805 U1 6 U2 62 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD MAR PY 1995 VL 59 IS 2 BP 185 EP 381 DI 10.1006/adnd.1995.1002 PG 197 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QU587 UT WOS:A1995QU58700001 ER PT J AU TANG, PPPZ SCHWEIZER, MP BRADSHAW, KM BAUER, WF AF TANG, PPPZ SCHWEIZER, MP BRADSHAW, KM BAUER, WF TI B-11 NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE STUDIES OF THE INTERACTION OF BOROCAPTATE SODIUM WITH SERUM-ALBUMIN SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BOROCAPTATE SODIUM; BSH; SERUM ALBUMIN; B-11 NMR; BINDING ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; BORON AB The interaction between borocaptate sodium, Na2B12H11SH (BSH), and three types of serum albumin-bovine, human and dog (BSA, HSA and DSA)-has been investigated quantitatively using B-11 NMR. The B-11 chemical shifts and relaxation rates of BSH were studied with various concentrations of serum albumin (1-5%, w/v) at 295-310 degrees K. Correction of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R(1)) due to protein viscosity effects was accomplished. The corrected R(1) values were analyzed mathematically using a saturation function and linear regression. The linewidths of B-11 resonances, which are related to the spin-spin relaxation rates (R(2)), were also measured. The binding fractions (P), the number of binding sires (NBS), and the binding constants (K-b) of BSH at various concentrations of the three types of serum albumin (1-5%, w/v) were determined at 295 and 310 degrees K. We speculate that the nature of this interaction may be electrostatic. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT MED CHEM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. NEUTRON TECHNOL,BOISE,ID 83702. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP TANG, PPPZ (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT RADIOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132, USA. RI Bauer, William/B-8357-2016 OI Bauer, William/0000-0002-7190-9700 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 49 IS 5 BP 625 EP 632 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QM055 UT WOS:A1995QM05500006 PM 7887977 ER PT J AU SMITH, JL HALVORSON, JJ BOLTON, H AF SMITH, JL HALVORSON, JJ BOLTON, H TI DETERMINATION AND USE OF A CORRECTED CONTROL FACTOR IN THE CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION METHOD OF ESTIMATING SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CHLOROFORM INCUBATION METHOD; INITIAL POPULATION; SOIL ORGANIC MATTER C-14 EVOLVED; CORRECTED CONTROL ID DIRECT EXTRACTION METHOD; RESPIRATION METHOD; GRASSLAND SOILS; NITROGEN; CARBON; METALS AB Estimates of soil microbial biomass are important for both comparative system analysis and mechanistic models. The method for measuring microbial biomass that dominates the literature is the chloroform fumigation incubation method (CFIM), developed on the premise that killed microorganisms are readily mineralized to CO2, which is a measure of the initial population. Factors that affect the CFIM have been thoroughly investigated over the last 15 years. A question that still remains after countless experiments is the use of an appropriate nonfumigated control for accounting for native soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization during incubation. Our approach was to add hot-water-leached C-14-labeled straw to both fumigated and nonfumigated samples assuming the straw would mimic a recalcitrant C substrate fraction of SOM. The ratio of the C-14 evolved from the fumigated sample over the C-14 evolved from the control sample would provide a corrected control value to be used in calculating microbial biomass. This experiment was conducted on soils from forest, agricultural, grassland and shrub-steppe ecosystems. The results clearly indicate that equal recalcitrant C mineralization during incubation is not a valid assumption. The results with these soils indicate that on the average only 20% of the control CO2 should be subtracted from the fumigated CO2 for the biomass calculation. The correction value ranged from 18% for agricultural soils to 25% for shrub-steppe soil, with the average correction value being 20%. Our experiments show that corrected biomass values will be 1.5-2 times greater than uncorrected biomass values. In addition using a corrected control improved the 1:1 correlation between the CFIM and SIR methods for these soils. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SMITH, JL (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, USDA ARS, LAND MANAGEMENT & WATER CONSERVAT RES UNIT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAR PY 1995 VL 19 IS 4 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1007/BF00336096 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QM335 UT WOS:A1995QM33500003 ER PT J AU SONG, KS MULLER, HG CLIFFORD, AJ FURR, HC OLSON, JA AF SONG, KS MULLER, HG CLIFFORD, AJ FURR, HC OLSON, JA TI ESTIMATING DERIVATIVES OF PHARMACOKINETIC RESPONSE CURVES WITH VARYING BANDWIDTHS SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE CHARACTERISTIC POINTS; DERIVATIVE ESTIMATION; IN VIVO KINETICS; ISOTOPE DILUTION ASSAY; KERNEL METHOD; LOCAL ADAPTATION; NONEQUIDISTANT DESIGN; NONPARAMETRIC REGRESSION; SMOOTHING; VITAMIN-A ID VITAMIN-A; RETINOIDS AB A kernel-smoothing method with locally varying bandwidths for the nonparametric estimation of derivatives of a function is proposed for highly nonequidistant data as they occur in pharmacokinetic response curves. We construct estimates having the particular property that the derivative estimates correspond exactly to the corresponding derivatives of the curve estimate even under locally varying bandwidth choice. The effects on the estimation of peak location (characteristic points) are investigated. In an example, characteristic points are estimated for a recently developed in vivo isotope dilution assay for vitamin A (retinol) nutritional status. The in vivo kinetics of appearance and disappearance of isotopically labeled retinol can be described with the proposed method. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV STAT,DAVIS,CA 95616. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT NUTR,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP SONG, KS (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT STAT,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-43098] NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 808 17TH ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3910 SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 1 BP 12 EP 20 DI 10.2307/2533310 PG 9 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA QX733 UT WOS:A1995QX73300002 PM 7766769 ER PT J AU HUNSAKER, CT LEVINE, DA AF HUNSAKER, CT LEVINE, DA TI HIERARCHICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF WATER-QUALITY IN RIVERS SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION-SYSTEM; ECOLOGICAL RISK; REGIONAL SCALE; LAND-USE; DYNAMICS; FILTERS C1 AUTOMATED SCI GRP INC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP HUNSAKER, CT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Hunsaker, Carolyn/0000-0002-5662-2402 NR 40 TC 213 Z9 224 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER INST BIOL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 730 11TH STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-4521 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 3 BP 193 EP 203 DI 10.2307/1312558 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA QH756 UT WOS:A1995QH75600012 ER PT J AU COOK, CN AF COOK, CN TI YUCCA MOUNTAIN LOGIC SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Letter RP COOK, CN (reprint author), US DOE,OFF PUBL AFFAIRS,LAS VEGAS,NV, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDUC FOUNDATION NUCLEAR SCI PI CHICAGO PA 6042 SOUTH KIMBARK, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0096-3402 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 2 BP 74 EP 75 PG 2 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA QJ178 UT WOS:A1995QJ17800036 ER PT J AU BAHRAMI, H EVANS, S AF BAHRAMI, H EVANS, S TI FLEXIBLE RE-CYCLING AND HIGH-TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURSHIP SO CALIFORNIA MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article AB This article explores high-technology entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley - an environment in which technological innovation and new enterprises have thrived during the past 30 years. In this domain, the demise of one firm typically leads to the formation of others. This process of ''flexible re-cycling'' can result in novel reconfiguration of knowledge and human capabilities, allowing new firms to rise from the ashes of disengaged enterprises. The versatile ecosystem of Silicon Valley facilitates the process of flexible re-cycling and can be viewed as the enduring dimension of business activity. C1 PEDAGOGY INC,MENLO PK,CA. RP BAHRAMI, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,HAAS SCH BUSINESS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 46 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 40 PU UNIV CALIF PI BERKELEY PA GRAD SCH BUSINESS ADMIN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0008-1256 J9 CALIF MANAGE REV JI Calif. Manage. Rev. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 3 BP 62 EP 89 PG 28 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA QZ803 UT WOS:A1995QZ80300003 ER PT J AU BROWN, RC HINTON, DB KWONG, MK AF BROWN, RC HINTON, DB KWONG, MK TI A REMARK ON A WEIGHTED LANDAU-INEQUALITY OF KWONG AND ZETTL SO CANADIAN MATHEMATICAL BULLETIN-BULLETIN CANADIEN DE MATHEMATIQUES LA English DT Article DE WEIGHTED LANDAU INEQUALITIES AB In this note we extend a theorem of Kwong and Zettl concerning the inequality [GRAPHICS] The Kwong-Zettl result holds for 1 less-than-or-equal-to < infinity and real numbers alpha, beta, gamma such that the conditions (i) beta = (alpha + gamma)/2, (ii) beta > -1, and (iii) gamma > -1 - p hold. Here the inequality is proved with beta satisfying (i) for all alpha, gamma except p - 1, - 1 - p. In this case the inequality is false; however u is shown to satisfy the inequality [GRAPHICS] C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MATH,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN MATHEMATICAL SOC PI OTTAWA PA 577 KING EDWARD RD, PO BOX 450, STATION A, OTTAWA ON K1N 6N5, CANADA SN 0008-4395 J9 CAN MATH BULL JI Can. Math. Bul.-Bul. Can. Math. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.4153/CMB-1995-005-x PG 8 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA QN001 UT WOS:A1995QN00100005 ER PT J AU ROSAHL, SK KNIGHT, RT AF ROSAHL, SK KNIGHT, RT TI ROLE OF PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN GENERATION OF THE CONTINGENT NEGATIVE-VARIATION SO CEREBRAL CORTEX LA English DT Article ID SLOW POTENTIALS; FRONTAL-LOBE; MOTOR PREPARATION; WAVE COMPONENTS; HUMAN BRAIN; CNV; LESIONS; TASK; MOVEMENTS; MONKEY AB The contingent negative variation (CNV) is a brain potential generated during delay periods that has been proposed to measure prefrontal cortex (PFCx) activity. The CNV was recorded in neurological patients with PFCx damage centered in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, and 46 in a classical auditory S1-S2 paradigm employing a 3 sec interstimulus interval. Subjects pressed a button upon detection of an acoustically cued imperative tone (S2, 1000 Hz, GO). Responses were withheld if the warning tone (Si, 1500 Hz in GO trials) was lower in frequency (500 Hz, NOGO), the early phase of the CNV (500-700 msec after S1) was not reduced in patients with PFGx damage. PFCx lesions reduced the later phase of the CNV beginning about 1000 msec prior to S2. Reductions were maximal over PFCx sites but extended to posterior scalp electrodes over the lesioned hemisphere. The results are consistent with a late CNV generator in dorsolateral PFCx that also modulates generation of the potential in posterior regions of the ipsilateral hemisphere. The CNV findings coupled with behavioral evidence of impaired preparatory processes in these patients support the role of PFCx in sustaining distributed neural activity during delay periods. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,MARTINEZ,CA 94553. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,CTR NEUROSCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. FU NINDS NIH HHS [P0 NS17778, NS21135] NR 81 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 1047-3211 J9 CEREB CORTEX JI Cereb. Cortex PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 2 BP 123 EP 134 DI 10.1093/cercor/5.2.123 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA QP100 UT WOS:A1995QP10000003 PM 7620289 ER PT J AU PALMER, MH WALKER, IC BALLARD, CC GUEST, MF AF PALMER, MH WALKER, IC BALLARD, CC GUEST, MF TI THE ELECTRONIC STATES OF FURAN STUDIED BY VUV ABSORPTION, NEAR-THRESHOLD ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY AND AB-INITIO MULTIREFERENCE CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN BASIS FUNCTIONS; ATOMIC BASIS SETS; FIRST-ROW ATOMS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; PYRROLE; SPECTRA; AZINES; CYCLOPENTADIENE; TRANSITIONS; CONTRACTION AB The results of large-scale ab initio CI calculations on the electronic states of furan, using a multi-reference multi-root CI method (MRD-CI), are related to new VUV absorption and low-energy electron energy-loss (EEL) measurements, leading to detailed spectral assignments. All of the expected 1,3pipi* states have been assigned, there being improved agreement between theoretical and experimental energies in all cases. A number of new Rydberg series has been identified by experiment and, for these also, the calculations perform well. In addition, cationic states and ground state molecular electronic properties have been computed. C1 HERIOT WATT UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EDINBURGH EH14 4AS, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM & MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP PALMER, MH (reprint author), UNIV EDINBURGH, DEPT CHEM, W MAINS RD, EDINBURGH EH9 3JJ, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND. NR 75 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 192 IS 2 BP 111 EP 125 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(94)00386-O PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QJ734 UT WOS:A1995QJ73400004 ER PT J AU HILSENBECK, SJ MCCARLEY, RE GOLDMAN, AI AF HILSENBECK, SJ MCCARLEY, RE GOLDMAN, AI TI THERMAL DELIGATION OF MO(6)S(8)L(6) CLUSTER COMPLEXES - EXAFS AND OTHER SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES SUPPORT RETENTION OF THE MO6S8 CLUSTER UNIT UP TO 500-DEGREES-C SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING CHEVREL PHASES; MOLECULAR-MODEL; MOLYBDENUM; HYDRODESULFURIZATION; SULFIDE AB Thermal deligation reactions of N-ligated Mo(6)S(8)L(6) cluster complexes (L = propylamine, pyrrolidine, and piperidine) have been explored at a variety of temperatures in an attempt to form the Mo6S8 binary Chevrel phase. Direct heating of the cluster complexes (100-500 degrees C) under dynamic vacuum has led to varying degrees of ligand removal while retaining the Mo6S8 cluster unit in amorphous products. Support for the presence of the cluster unit has been gained by the characteristic Raman band at 445-450 cm(-1), XPS data, and results of a Mo EXAFS study. Mo-Mo and Mo-S bond distances derived from the fitting of the EXAFS data for the amorphous products are in good agreement with those for crystalline Mo6S8 and Mo(6)S(8)L(6) complexes with well-determined structures. Both XPS and EXAFS show that disproportionation to MoS2 and Mo does not occur during deligation below 500 degrees C. C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 3 BP 499 EP 506 DI 10.1021/cm00051a010 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA QM801 UT WOS:A1995QM80100010 ER PT J AU MADDALENA, RL MCKONE, TE LAYTON, DW HSIEH, DPH AF MADDALENA, RL MCKONE, TE LAYTON, DW HSIEH, DPH TI COMPARISON OF MULTIMEDIA TRANSPORT AND TRANSFORMATION MODELS - REGIONAL FUGACITY MODEL VS CALTOX SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; BEHAVIOR; EXPOSURE; FATE AB Two multimedia environmental transport and transformation computer models are summarized and compared. The regional fugacity model published by Mackay and Paterson (1991), termed Fug3ONT, is a four compartment steady-state model designed to simulate the relative distribution of nonionic organic chemicals in a multimedia system. CalTOX is a seven compartment multimedia total exposure model for hazardous waste sites. Both models are based on the principles of fugacity. CalTOX, however, separates the soil into three layers (surface, root, and vadose) and uses a different approach to estimate the diffusive mass transfer rate in soil. These differences result in lover estimates of the steady-state contaminant concentrations of six environmentally relevant chemicals in the root soil of CalTOX as compared to the bulk soil of Fug3ONT. The difference is greatest for compounds with low mobility in soil such as 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Benzo(a)pyrene where estimates from CalTOX and Fug3ONT differ by more than 3 orders of magnitude. Otherwise, the models provide similar estimates for the distribution of the six chemicals among the air, water, sediment and surface soil. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP MADDALENA, RL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ENVIRONM TOXICOL,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO5707] NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 5 BP 869 EP 889 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(94)00447-3 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QL694 UT WOS:A1995QL69400005 PM 7712137 ER PT J AU CUBASCH, U HEGERL, GC HELLBACH, A HOCK, H MIKOLAJEWICZ, U SANTER, BD VOSS, R AF CUBASCH, U HEGERL, GC HELLBACH, A HOCK, H MIKOLAJEWICZ, U SANTER, BD VOSS, R TI A CLIMATE-CHANGE SIMULATION STARTING FROM 1935 SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; TRANSIENT RESPONSES; GRADUAL CHANGES; CO2; CIRCULATION; SENSITIVITY; VARIABILITY AB Due to restrictions in the available computing resources and a lack of suitable observational data, transient climate change experiments with global coupled ocean-atmosphere models have been started from an initial state at equilibrium with the present day forcing. The historical development of greenhouse gas forcing from the onset of industrialization until the present has therefore been neglected. Studies with simplified models have shown that this ''cold start'' error leads to a serious underestimation of the anthropogenic global warming. In the present study, a 150-year integration has been carried out with a global coupled ocean-atmosphere model starting from the greenhouse gas concentration observed in 1935, i.e., at an early time of industrialization. The model was forced with observed greenhouse gas concentrations up to 1985, and with the equivalent CO2 concentrations stipulated in Scenario A (''Business as Usual'') of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change from 1985 to 2085. The early starting data alleviates some of the cold start problems. The global mean near surface temperature change in 2085 is about 0.3 K (ca. 10%) higher in the early industrialization experiment than in an integration with the same model and identical Scenario A greenhouse gas forcing, but with a start date in 1985. Comparisons between the experiments with early and late start dates show considerable differences in the amplitude of the regional climate change patterns, particularly for sea level. The early industrialization experiment can be used to obtain a first estimate of the detection time for a greenhouse-gas-induced near-surface temperature signal. Detection time estimates are obtained using globally and zonally averaged data from the experiment and a long control run, as well as principal component time series describing the evolution of the dominant signal and noise modes. The latter approach yields the earliest detection time (in the decade 1990-2000) for the time-evolving near-surface temperature signal. For global-mean temperatures or for temperatures averaged between 45-degrees-N and 45-degrees-S, the signal detection times are in the decades 2015-2025 and 2005-2015, respectively. The reduction of the ''cold start'' error in the early industrialization experiment makes it possible to separate the near-surface temperature signal from the noise about one decade earlier than in the experiment starting in 1985. We stress that these detection times are only valid in the context of the coupled model's internally-generated natural variability, which possibly underestimates low frequency fluctuations and does not incorporate the variance associated with changes in external forcing factors, such as anthropogenic sulfate aerosols, solar variability or volcanic dust. C1 MAX PLANCK INST METEOROL,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PCMDI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP CUBASCH, U (reprint author), DEUTSCHES KLIMARECHENZENTRUM,BUNDESSTR 55,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RI Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011 NR 24 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 2 BP 71 EP 84 DI 10.1007/BF00211674 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QL187 UT WOS:A1995QL18700001 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, TJ CORSETTI, LC GROTCH, SL AF PHILLIPS, TJ CORSETTI, LC GROTCH, SL TI THE IMPACT OF HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION ON MOIST PROCESSES IN THE ECMWF MODEL SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; PREDICTION MODELS; WATER-CONTENT; CLIMATE; PARAMETERIZATION; SCHEME; SENSITIVITY; PRECIPITATION AB Summer and winter climates simulated with the ECMWF (cycle 33) model at spectral scales T21, T42, T63 and T106 are analyzed to determine the impact of changes in horizontal resolution on atmospheric water vapor, clouds, convection, and precipitation. Qualitative changes in many moist processes occur in the transition from T21 to T42, especially in the tropics; at higher resolutions mostly incremental variations from patterns established at T42 result. Large-scale tropical moist processes are simulated more realistically at T21 than at finer resolutions, possibly reflecting a mismatch between the finer-scale dynamics and the scales at which the underlying assumptions of the physical parameterizations apply. Global precipitation increases monotonically with resolution, as a consequence of increasing convection. Global cloud cover, however, decreases in the transition from T21 to T42 due to drying of the tropics, but then increases slightly at finer resolutions. These small global increases are an outcome of compensating changes in different regions: decreases in cloud cover due to drying of the atmosphere at low latitudes are offset by high-latitude increases resulting from enhanced relative humidity associated with an intensifying atmospheric cold bias at finer resolutions. RP PHILLIPS, TJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PROGRAM CLIMATE MODEL DIAGNOSIS & INTERCOMPARISON,L-264,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 2 BP 85 EP 102 DI 10.1007/BF00211675 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QL187 UT WOS:A1995QL18700002 ER PT J AU WUEBBLES, DJ JAIN, AK PATTEN, KO GRANT, KE AF WUEBBLES, DJ JAIN, AK PATTEN, KO GRANT, KE TI SENSITIVITY OF DIRECT GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS TO KEY UNCERTAINTIES SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIFFUSION-MODEL; OCEANIC UPTAKE; BUDGET; CYCLE AB The concept of global warming potential was developed as a relative measure of the potential effects on climate of a greenhouse gas as compared to CO2. In this paper a series of sensitivity studies examines several uncertainties in determination of Global Warming Potentials (GWPs). For example, the original evaluation of GWPs for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 1990) did not attempt to account for the possible sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2) that could balance the carbon cycle and produce atmospheric concentrations of CO2 that match observations. In this study, a balanced carbon cycle model is applied in calculation of the radiative forcing from CO2. Use of the balanced model produces up to 21% enhancement of the GWPs for most trace gases compared with the IPCC (1990) values for time horizons up to 100 years, but a decreasing enhancement with longer time horizons. Uncertainty limits of the fertilization feedback parameter contribute a 20% range in GWP values. Another systematic uncertainty in GWPs is the assumption of an equilibrium atmosphere (one in which the concentration of trace gases remains constant) versus a disequilibrium atmosphere (one in which the concentration of trace gases varies with time). The latter gives GWPs that are 19 to 32% greater than the former for a 100 year time horizons, depending upon the carbon dioxide emission scenario chosen. Five scenarios are employed: constant-concentration, constant-emission past 1990 and the three IPCC (1992) emission scenarios. For the analysis of uncertainties in atmospheric lifetime (tau) the GWP changes in direct proportion to tau for short-lived gases, but to a lesser extent for gases with tau greater than the time horizontal for the GWP calculation. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Jain, Atul/D-2851-2016 OI Jain, Atul/0000-0002-4051-3228 NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 265 EP 297 DI 10.1007/BF01091865 PG 33 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QP333 UT WOS:A1995QP33300002 ER PT J AU PIERRE, DA SMITH, JR TRUDNOWSKI, DJ PIERRE, JW AF PIERRE, DA SMITH, JR TRUDNOWSKI, DJ PIERRE, JW TI PRONY BASED METHODS FOR SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION OF TRANSFER-FUNCTIONS AND INITIAL CONDITIONS SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE PRONY METHODS; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSFER FUNCTIONS; EIGENVALUES; LEAST SQUARES; MODEL ORDER SELECTION; REDUCED ORDER MODELS ID KUMARESAN-TUFTS METHOD; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS; MODELS; ORDER AB This work extends previous results on transfer function identification using methods based on Prony signal analysis. With the Prony based method of this paper, input signals are piecewise continuous and are characterized by sets of input eigenvalues between points of discontinuity. Previously developed Prony based methods for transfer function identification are limited in terms of the class of input signals considered. The advantage of the more general input form of this paper is that it can be tailored to excite system modes in frequency ranges of interest. In addition to generating system eigenvalues and transfer function residues, the approach also can be used to obtain a feedthrough gain and initial condition residues. In the first phase of the solution, system eigenvalues are estimated; and in the second phase, transfer function residues and initial condition residues are estimated. Methods of model order selection also are described, and a detailed example with noise included is given to illustrate the approach. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT ENERGY SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV WYOMING, DEPT ELECT ENGN, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA. RP PIERRE, DA (reprint author), MONTANA STATE UNIV, DEPT ELECT ENGN, BOZEMAN, MT 59717 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7906 J9 COMPUT ELECTR ENG JI Comput. Electr. Eng. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 2 BP 89 EP 100 DI 10.1016/0045-7906(94)00019-D PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QN257 UT WOS:A1995QN25700002 ER PT J AU CHATTERJEE, A SEGEV, A AF CHATTERJEE, A SEGEV, A TI RULE-BASED JOINS IN HETEROGENEOUS DATABASES SO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE FEDERATED DATABASE; DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM; STRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITY; SEMANTIC HETEROGENEITY; RULES; APPROXIMATION; JOIN; TUPLE PROBABILITY; PROBABILISTIC PARTIAL VALUE ID SCHEMA INTEGRATION; RECORD LINKAGE AB In this paper, the problem of computing joins in heterogeneous databases is analyzed. Rules are combined with a probabilistic framework to resolve the data heterogeneity problem. The Entity join operator is defined to identify and join records across databases. Certain amount of uncertainty is associated with this Entity join model due to the possibility of wrong matches. While the rule based approach captures the data semantics, the probabilistic framework models the uncertainty and provides a formal measure of accuracy of the Entity join. Representing the values of mismatched attributes presents a difficult problem because the true value of the attribute cannot be identified from the various conflicting values. Probabiliistic partial values are used to represent these attribute values so that user preferences and reliability of the data can be taken into account. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV INFORMAT & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHATTERJEE, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,WALTER A HAAS SCH BUSINESS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9236 J9 DECIS SUPPORT SYST JI Decis. Support Syst. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3-4 BP 313 EP 333 DI 10.1016/0167-9236(93)E0048-I PG 21 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA QN149 UT WOS:A1995QN14900006 ER PT J AU FARRAR, CR BAKER, WE AF FARRAR, CR BAKER, WE TI DAMPING IN LOW-ASPECT-RATIO, REINFORCED-CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID STIFFNESS AB Experiments were conducted to measure the damping in low-aspect-ratio, reinforced concrete shear walls with the specific intent of obtaining a better understanding of how this parameter changes with increasing stress levels. These experiments and the corresponding results are presented, along with a description of the methods used to estimate damping from measured input and response data and a summary of a numerical study that was undertaken to assess the relative accuracy of these methods. Also presented are the testing methods used in this study, including static cyclic tests, experimental modal analyses, and simulated seismic testing on a shake table. The results are summarized and compared with those obtained by other investigators. In conclusion, an empirical relationship is developed for equivalent viscous damping in low-aspect-ratio shear walls as a function of the peak nominal base shear stress the shear wall experiences during a seismic event. RP FARRAR, CR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ESA-EA GRP,MSP946,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0098-8847 J9 EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 24 IS 3 BP 439 EP 455 DI 10.1002/eqe.4290240310 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA QM803 UT WOS:A1995QM80300009 ER PT J AU LOEHLE, C AF LOEHLE, C TI SOCIAL BARRIERS TO PATHOGEN TRANSMISSION IN WILD ANIMAL POPULATIONS SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EPIDEMICS; GROUP SIZE; MATE FIDELITY; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; PARASITES; SEXUAL SELECTION ID BLOOD-SUCKING FLIES; SEXUAL-SELECTION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; GROUP-SIZE; MALE-MICE; PARASITES; COLONIALITY; SCIURIDAE; EVOLUTION; MONOGAMY AB Diseases and pathogens are receiving increasing recognition as sources of mortality in animal populations. Immune system strength is clearly important in fending off pathogen attack. Physical barriers to pathogen entry are also important. Various individual behaviors are efficacious in reducing contact with diseases and pests. This paper focuses on a fourth mode of defense: social barriers to transmission. Various social behaviors have pathogen transmission consequences. Selective pressures on these social behaviors may therefore exist. Effects on pathogen transmission of mating strategies, social avoidance, group size, group isolation, and other behaviors are explored. It is concluded that many of these behaviors may have been affected by selection pressures to reduce transmission of pathogens. RP LOEHLE, C (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 84 TC 250 Z9 256 U1 8 U2 77 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI TEMPE PA ARIZONA STATE UNIV CENTER ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TEMPE, AZ 85287 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAR PY 1995 VL 76 IS 2 BP 326 EP 335 DI 10.2307/1941192 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QL931 UT WOS:A1995QL93100001 ER PT J AU TYLER, JA GILLIAM, JF AF TYLER, JA GILLIAM, JF TI IDEAL FREE DISTRIBUTIONS OF STREAM FISH - A MODEL AND TEST WITH MINNOWS, RHINICTHYS ATRATULUS SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BEHAVIOR; COMPETITION; ENERGETIC COSTS; FISH; FLOW RATE; FORAGING; IDEAL FREE DISTRIBUTIONS; INDIVIDUAL FITNESS; PATCH CHOICE; RHINICTHYS ATRATULUS; STREAM; WATER VELOCITY ID SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; MOUNTAIN STREAM; RAINBOW-TROUT; PATCHY ENVIRONMENT; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MICROHABITAT USE; WATER VELOCITY; BLACKNOSE DACE; BROOK CHARR; DRIFT AB Ideal Free theory has furthered our understanding of the processes determining the distribution of mobile foragers in a spatially heterogeneous (patchy) habitat. The Input Matching rule derived from Ideal Free theory has been used to predict forager distributions, but does not account for unshared environmentally induced costs that individuals may incur. Drift-feeding stream fish typically contend with such costs in the form of (1) an energetic cost of maintaining position while foraging in moving water, and (2) a decrease in the proportion of drift food items they can capture as current speed increases. These costs often differ between patches, and the cost of position maintenance is unaffected by changes in the number of fish foraging in a patch. Here, we developed an Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) model (IFD With Costs) to describe forager distributions in a habitat composed of parches in which foragers compete for food and incur an energetic cost when foraging that is unaffected by the number of competitors in the patch. We tested the ability of two versions of the IFD With Costs as well as two alternative IFD models to predict the distribution of minnows (Rhinicthys atratulus) foraging in a laboratory how-tank with two side-by-side patches. In all trials the patches differed in their supply of drift food, and in some trials the patches had different water velocities. When the patches' water velocities differed, the fish distributions (1) changed as the total supply of food in the two patches increased while the ratio of food supply in the patches remained constant, (2) did not match relative food availabilities in the patches, and (3) favored the slow water velocity patch. One version of the IFD With Costs predicted each of these results while none of the alternative models could account for these findings. The results support the hypothesis that fish quantitatively integrate energetic gains and costs in a manner similar to that described by the IFD With Costs when making patch selections. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, DEPT ZOOL, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. RP TYLER, JA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV ENVIRONM SCI, POB 2008, BLDG 1505, MS 6038, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Gilliam, James/D-5605-2013 NR 65 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 28 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAR PY 1995 VL 76 IS 2 BP 580 EP 592 DI 10.2307/1941215 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QL931 UT WOS:A1995QL93100024 ER PT J AU HICKMOTT, DD BALDRIDGE, WS AF HICKMOTT, DD BALDRIDGE, WS TI APPLICATION OF PIXE, MICROANALYSIS TO MACERALS AND SULFIDES FROM THE LOWER KITTANNING COAL OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY AND THE BULLETIN OF THE SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MICROPROBE; BITUMINOUS COAL; TRACE-ELEMENTS; IRON SULFIDES; MINERALS; OHIO; SEAM; USA AB Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) microanalysis is shown to be capable of semiquantitative to quantitative standardless determination of trace element abundances in coal macerals and sulfides using an internal normalization protocol. PIXE spectra are quantified using a least-squares data reduction method by normalization to S determined by electron microprobe in macerals and to Fe determined by mineral stoichiometry in Fe sulfides. Application of the PIXE technique to vitrinite macerals and Fe sulfides from channel samples of the Lower Kittanning Coal Bed of western Pennsylvania suggests that Ni, Cu, As, Se, Mo, and Pb are associated with Fe sulfides and Cl, Ca, Ti, Ge, Ga, and Br are associated with vitrinite macerals. Organic S is higher in marine-influenced macerals within the Lower Kittanning coal. Similarly, As/Se and Mo/Se are higher within Fe sulfides from the marine-influenced coals. Devolatilization of coal beds may be a plausible source of complexing ions and metals for ore deposit formation. Such fluids may be characterized by low Cl/Br relative to most hydrothermal fluids. RP HICKMOTT, DD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hickmott, Donald/C-2886-2011 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ECONOMIC GEOLOGY PUBL CO PI EL PASO PA UNIV TEXAS AT EL PASO ROOM 202 QUINN HALL, EL PASO, TX 79968 SN 0361-0128 J9 ECON GEOL BULL SOC JI Econ. Geol. Bull. Soc. Econ. Geol. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 90 IS 2 BP 246 EP 254 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RD034 UT WOS:A1995RD03400003 ER PT J AU WANG, J LU, JM LARSON, DD OLSEN, K AF WANG, J LU, JM LARSON, DD OLSEN, K TI VOLTAMMETRIC SENSOR FOR URANIUM BASED ON THE PROPYL GALLATE-MODIFIED CARBON-PASTE ELECTRODE SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE URANIUM; SENSOR; REMOTE SENSING; FIELD SCREENING; MODIFIED ELECTRODE AB A carbon paste electrode modified with the ligand propyl gallate is introduced for preconcentration/voltammetric measurements of low levels of uranium. The resulting preconcentrating electrode offers many attractive properties for on-site sensing of uranium, including high sensitivity and selectivity, self-cleaning capability, and use of nondeaerated quiescent solutions. The response is characterized with respect to the paste composition, preconcentration period, solution and differential pulse conditions, and other variables. The sensor displays high stability, and can be used repeatedly without regeneration. When coupled to a 100-ft (30.5-m) long shielded cable, the electrode offers a remote sensing capability, as illustrated in the determination of uranium in groundwater. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, GEOCHEM SECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WANG, J (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. RI Wang, Joseph/C-6175-2011 NR 6 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD MAR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 3 BP 247 EP 250 DI 10.1002/elan.1140070308 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA QU519 UT WOS:A1995QU51900007 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, WA WARNE, LK CHEN, KC GURROLA, EM AF JOHNSON, WA WARNE, LK CHEN, KC GURROLA, EM TI LINEAR DIFFUSION AND INTERNAL VOLTAGES IN CONDUCTING ENCLOSURES SUBJECTED TO A DIRECT LIGHTNING STRIKE SO ELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article AB Wall voltages interior to a conducting enclosure subjected to lightning currents are estimated. The results are applied to the specific problem of a cylindrical can with end caps subjected to symmetric axial lightning current. The voltage on the side wall of the can is approximated by the solution of a planar conducting slab excited by a plane magnetic field. The end caps are treated by solving the problem of a current filament terminating normally in an infinite planar slab. The integral transform solution of both these problems is given and reduced to a convergent series expansion which is summed numerically. Both early and late time approximations are given. The end cap problem is shown to be well approximated by the much simpler planar solution when applied incrementally from the effective static radius of the filament to the end cap radius. A simple circuit model is also presented, which very closely models the planar diffusion problem. Thus the complete cylindrical enclosure problem is approximately reduced to the closed form solution of this simple circuit model. RP JOHNSON, WA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0272-6343 J9 ELECTROMAGNETICS JI Electromagnetics PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 2 BP 189 EP 207 DI 10.1080/02726349508908411 PG 19 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA QR502 UT WOS:A1995QR50200004 ER PT J AU ZHAO, ZX WAHL, JH UDSETH, HR HOFSTADLER, SA FUCIARELLI, AF SMITH, RD AF ZHAO, ZX WAHL, JH UDSETH, HR HOFSTADLER, SA FUCIARELLI, AF SMITH, RD TI ONLINE CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF NUCLEOTIDES SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; CAPILLARY ISOTACHOPHORESIS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; NUCLEOTIDE SEPARATION ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SEPARATION; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; QUANTITATION; RIBONUCLEOTIDES; DISSOCIATION AB Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and reversed anionic capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) conditions have been developed for the separation of mixtures comprised of monophosphate nucleosides, pyridine and flavin dinucleotides, and monophosphate dinucleosides. Results for the on-line coupling of CZE and CITP with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) are presented. CITP-tandem MS is utilized to provide both molecular weight and structural information of monophosphate dinucleosides. The fragmentation pattern of dinucleotides in the low collision energy range is described. The resulting mass spectra are readily interpreted in terms of dinucleotide structures. These results demonstrate the new capability for applications for the study of DNA and RNA. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 31 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 11 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 3 BP 389 EP 395 DI 10.1002/elps.1150160165 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA QV450 UT WOS:A1995QV45000019 PM 7541750 ER PT J AU GUO, XW THNG, JPH SWANK, RA ANDERSON, HJ TUDAN, C BRADBURY, EM ROBERGE, M AF GUO, XW THNG, JPH SWANK, RA ANDERSON, HJ TUDAN, C BRADBURY, EM ROBERGE, M TI CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION INDUCED BY FOSTRIECIN DOES NOT REQUIRE P34(CDC2) KINASE-ACTIVITY AND HISTONE H1 HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION, BUT IS ASSOCIATED WITH ENHANCED HISTONE H2A AND H3 PHOSPHORYLATION SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE FOSTRIECIN; HISTONES; MITOSIS; PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; LYSINE-RICH HISTONE; CELL-CYCLE; OKADAIC ACID; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; INVITRO PHOSPHORYLATION; PHYSARUM-POLYCEPHALUM; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; CDC28 MUTATION; CHROMATIN AB Chromosome condensation at mitosis correlates with the activation of p34(cdc2) kinase, the hyperphosphorylation of histone H1 and the phosphorylation of histone H3. Chromosome condensation can also be induced by treating interphase cells with the protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitors okadaic acid and fostriecin. Mouse mammary tumour FT210 cells grow normally at 32 degrees C, but at 39 degrees C they lose p34(cdc2) kinase activity and arrest in Gz because of a temperature-sensitive lesion in the cdc2 gene. The treatment of these Gz-arrested FT210 cells with fostriecin or okadaic acid resulted in full chromosome condensation in the absence of p34(cdc2) kinase activity or histone H1 hyperphosphorylation. However, phosphorylation of histones H2A and H3 was strongly stimulated, partly through inhibition of histone H2A and H3 phosphatases, and cyclins A and B were degraded. The cells were unable to complete mitosis and divide, in the presence of the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine, the addition of fostriecin did not induce histone phosphorylation and chromosome condensation. The results show that chromosome condensation can take place without either the histone H1 hyperphosphorylation or the p34(cdc2) kinase activity normally associated with mitosis, although it requires a staurosporine-sensitive protein kinase activity. The results further suggest that protein phosphatases 1 and 2A may be important in regulating chromosome condensation by restricting the level of histone phosphorylation during interphase, thereby preventing premature chromosome condensation. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z3,CANADA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. KINETEK CORP,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45890] NR 58 TC 146 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0261-4189 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 14 IS 5 BP 976 EP 985 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QM733 UT WOS:A1995QM73300012 PM 7889943 ER PT J AU XU, RM CARMEL, G SWEET, RM KURET, J CHENG, XD AF XU, RM CARMEL, G SWEET, RM KURET, J CHENG, XD TI CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF CASEIN KINASE-1, A PHOSPHATE-DIRECTED PROTEIN-KINASE SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CASEIN KINASE-1; NUCLEOTIDE BINDING; PROTEIN KINASE REGULATION; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY; STRUCTURAL SIMILARITY ID CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; SUBSTRATE DETERMINANTS; KINETIC MECHANISM; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INHIBITOR; PHOSPHORYLATION; ASSOCIATION; REFINEMENT; RESOLUTION; FEATURES AB The structure of a truncated variant of casein kinase-1 from Schizosacckaromyces pombe, has been determined in complex with MgATP at 2.0 Angstrom resolution. The model resembles the 'closed', ATP-bound conformations of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, with clear differences in the structure of surface loops that impart unique features to casein kinase-1. The structure is of unphosphorylated, active conformation of casein kinase-1 and the peptide-binding site is fully accessible to substrate. C1 MGC CORP, LAKE BLUFF, IL 60044 USA. COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB, WM KECK STRUCT BIOL LAB, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT BIOL, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 44806, GM 48216] NR 53 TC 151 Z9 155 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0261-4189 EI 1460-2075 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 14 IS 5 BP 1015 EP 1023 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QM733 UT WOS:A1995QM73300016 PM 7889932 ER PT J AU AKBARI, H SEZGEN, O AF AKBARI, H SEZGEN, O TI PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE-SYSTEMS SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS; CASE STUDIES; MONITORED DATA; THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION; PEAK POWER SAVINGS AB We have developed two case studies to review and analyze energy performance of thermal energy storage (TES) systems in commercial buildings. Our case studies considered two partial ice storage systems in Northern California. For each case, we compiled historical data on design, installation, and operation of the TES system; and also metered data. This information was further enhanced by data obtained through interviews with the building owners and operators. The performance and historical data of the TES systems and their components were grouped into issues related to design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the systems. Our analysis indicated that (1) almost all problems related to the operation of TES and non-TES systems could be traced back to the design of the system, and (2) the identified problems were not unique to the TES systems. judging from the problems related to non-TES components identified in these two case studies, it is reasonable to conclude that conventional systems have as many problems as TES systems. After the initial trouble-shooting period, in a typical summer week for Case 1, the TES system saved 640, 780, and 660 on-peak kW compared to the single chiller, split chiller, and two-chiller systems, respectively, at a cost of additional energy use of 20.5, 37.5, 47.2 MWh per week. For Case 2, the diurnal energy performance of the conventional single chiller system and the TES system were comparable; however, the TES system used less power than the conventional system. Once the performances of the TES with split and two chiller conventional systems were compared, the energy penalties increased substantially and the peak power savings diminished. RP AKBARI, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 22 IS 1 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0378-7788(94)00898-T PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA QW386 UT WOS:A1995QW38600002 ER PT J AU MARTINOT, E SCHIPPER, L KHRUSHCH, M AF MARTINOT, E SCHIPPER, L KHRUSHCH, M TI ENERGY DEMAND AND EFFICIENCY IN ESTONIA - STRUCTURE, POTENTIAL AND POLICIES SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ENERGY DEMAND; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; BALTIC STATES ID STATES AB Estonia as a case study allows understanding energy efficiency improvements and how they can occur in a former Soviet economy. The structure of energy consumption by end-use sector is analyzed and a picture of energy-efficiency potentials and policies emerges from this analysis, from international comparisons and from extensive in-country experience. The potential for improvements is enormous, and key priorities are district heating systems, buildings and low-cost measures in industry. Economic reform and structural economic changes will drive improvements in industry and transport, while public policies and intervention are needed in heat supply and the residential sector. Key barriers to efficiency improvements include lack of ownership, lack of capital, low electricity prices, inexperience with cost minimization and financial analysis, and lack of meters and controls, especially in the residential sector. RP MARTINOT, E (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,INT ENERGY STUDIES GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAR PY 1995 VL 23 IS 3 BP 217 EP 233 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(95)99711-8 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RE975 UT WOS:A1995RE97500004 ER PT J AU GRUMBLY, TP AF GRUMBLY, TP TI LESSONS FROM SUPERFUND SO ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article RP GRUMBLY, TP (reprint author), US DOE,NUCL WEAP SITE,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0013-9157 J9 ENVIRONMENT JI Environment PD MAR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 2 BP 33 EP 34 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QP509 UT WOS:A1995QP50900010 ER PT J AU BLACKWOOD, LG AF BLACKWOOD, LG TI NORMALITY TRANSFORMATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FROM COMPOUND NORMAL-LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article AB The combination of lognormally distributed quantities of interest with normally distributed random measurement error produces data that follow a compound normal-lognormal (NLN) distribution. When the measurement error is large enough, such data do not approximate normality, even after a logarithmic transformation. This paper reports the results of a search for a transformation method for NLN data that is not only technically appropriate, but easy to implement as well. Three transformation families were found to work relatively well. These families are compared in terms of success in achieving normality and robustness, using simulated NLN data and actual environmental data believed to follow a NLN distribution. The exponential family of transformations was found to give the best overall results. RP BLACKWOOD, LG (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 55 EP 75 DI 10.1007/BF02396410 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QV725 UT WOS:A1995QV72500005 PM 24202212 ER PT J AU WEST, OR SIEGRIST, RL MITCHELL, TJ JENKINS, RA AF WEST, OR SIEGRIST, RL MITCHELL, TJ JENKINS, RA TI MEASUREMENT ERROR AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY EFFECTS ON CHARACTERIZATION OF VOLATILE ORGANICS IN THE SUBSURFACE SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOILS AB The effects of measurement error and spatial variability on establishing subsurface contaminant distributions were demonstrated in a study described herein, where soil underlying a former land treatment facility was intensively sampled and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Concentrations of VOCs measured on-site using a heated headspace/gas chromatography method were typically 10 times higher than concentrations measured at an off-site laboratory using a purge-and-trap/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. This was attributed either to VOC losses during storage and preparation of off-site samples and/or inefficient VOC extraction in the off-site method. Three contaminant distribution models developed from the on-site VOC measurements were evaluated through cross-validation and subregion sampling methods. Order of magnitude discrepancies existed between predicted and measured concentrations. These results show that increasing sampling density with cost-effective field analyses can be more effective than using complex spatial models to overcome the lack of spatial information in sparse data sets comprised of off-site laboratory analyses. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WEST, OR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 647 EP 656 DI 10.1021/es00003a011 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QJ908 UT WOS:A1995QJ90800026 PM 22200272 ER PT J AU KATZNELSON, R JEWELL, WT ANDERSON, SL AF KATZNELSON, R JEWELL, WT ANDERSON, SL TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN TOXICITY IN AN URBAN-RUNOFF TREATMENT MARSH SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CERIODAPHNIA; STORM WATER; WETLANDS; TOXICITY TESTING ID CONTAMINANTS AB Toxicity tests have not been widely used to assess the performance of urban-runoff treatment facilities. In the present study, Ceriodaphnia dubia toxicity tests were used to quantify toxicity of urban runoff at Crandall Creek and the downstream Demonstration Urban Stormwater Treatment (DUST) March in Fremont, California. Acute toxicity, expressed as the median time to lethality (LT50) for C. dubia, was used to compare the relative intensities of toxicity in the system. During or shortly after storm events, horizontal and vertical gradients in LT50 and electrical conductivity were observed, with high correlation between the two parameters. Toxicity diminished as time passed after the storm. The performance of the DUST Marsh as a treatment facility was evaluated for three aspects: detention, dilution, and toxicity removal. We found that toxic storm water generated by small- to medium-sized storms (5 to 25 mm rain) was contained in the marsh. Toxicity was greatly reduced upon dilution of storm water with pre-existing marsh water, and mixing of the water column increased the rate of toxicity diminution. Toxicity reduction, above and beyond that attributable to dilution, was evident in the marsh. Results of this study demonstrate the potential use of toxicity assessments as an integral component of marsh design and management. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 3 BP 471 EP 482 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1995)14[471:SATVIT]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA QH199 UT WOS:A1995QH19900017 ER PT J AU KWON, I COLLINS, L KRESS, J TROULLIER, N AF KWON, I COLLINS, L KRESS, J TROULLIER, N TI QUANTUM-MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STIMULATIONS OF ISOTOPIC MIXTURES OF DENSE, HOT HYDROGEN SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PRESSURES; DIFFUSION; PLASMAS; HELIUM AB Calculations of isotopic binary mixtures of hydrogen over a range of densities and temperatures were performed using quantum-molecular-dynamics simulations. The electronic component was treated with three different models including density functional (local density approximation), tight binding, and effective pair potentials. Quantum-mechanical effects were found to be important even at elevated temperatures. Self-diffusion coefficients for each component became comparable in magnitude with increasing density in contradiction to simple mass-scaling rules. Mutual-diffusion coefficients tended to exceed the simple concentration average of the self-diffusion coefficients, but by less than 25%. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP KWON, I (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 29 IS 7 BP 537 EP 542 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/29/7/005 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QM477 UT WOS:A1995QM47700005 ER PT J AU ARMAND, P BENO, M ELLISON, AJG KNAPP, GS PRICE, DL SABOUNGI, ML AF ARMAND, P BENO, M ELLISON, AJG KNAPP, GS PRICE, DL SABOUNGI, ML TI LOCAL AND INTERMEDIATE-RANGE ORDER IN CESIUM GERMANATE GLASS SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Complementary neutron diffraction and anomalous X-ray diffraction techniques are used to probe the nature and origin of local and intermediate-range order in cesium germanate glass. Both neutron and differential X-ray structure factors reveal peaks at low wave vector associated with intermediate-range order. The real-space correlation functions show that the local interatomic correlations in the glass are similar to those in the reference crystal Rb2Ge4O9 and imply a homogeneous distribution of Cs+ cations. RP ARMAND, P (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 29 IS 7 BP 549 EP 553 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/29/7/007 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QM477 UT WOS:A1995QM47700007 ER PT J AU LEHNERT, BE ARCHULETA, D GURLEY, LR SESSION, W BEHR, MJ LEHNERT, NM STAVERT, DM AF LEHNERT, BE ARCHULETA, D GURLEY, LR SESSION, W BEHR, MJ LEHNERT, NM STAVERT, DM TI EXERCISE POTENTIATION OF LUNG INJURY FOLLOWING INHALATION OF A PNEUMOEDEMATOGENIC GAS - PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE SO EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; PERMEABILITY PULMONARY EDEMA; EXERCISE; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; SEA-LEVEL; RATS; EXPOSURE; EXCHANGE; HUMANS AB Exercise performed after exposure to various pneumoedematogenic gases can increase the severity of pulmonary edema beyond that which occurs when exposure is followed by rest. The present study was performed to investigate the potential relationship between a preexisting breach in the lung's permeability status following exposure to an edematogenic gas (perfluoroisobutylene, PFIB) and the potentiating effects of postexposure exercise. Rats were exposed to a concentration of PFIB (100 mg/M(3) for 10 min) that results in a unique postexposure latency period (similar to 8 h) prior to the occurrence of overt pulmonary edema. The study examined how exercise performed during and after the latency period affects the severity of the injurious response to this toxic gas. The initial results indicated that exercise performed during the post-PFIB exposure latency period does not potentiate the injurious response, as judged by conventional lung gravimetric and histopathological criteria, but when overt pulmonary edema was preexistent, exercise had a potentiating effect. Changes in lavageable protein were assessed as a more sensitive indicator of permeability changes that may occur during the latency period following PFIB exposure, and the study examined how exercise performed early during the latency period affects this index of pulmonary edema. The study also assessed whether PFIB-induced damage to lung cells is enhanced by exercise during the latency period by measuring C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,STRUCT BIOL & GENOM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LEHNERT, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELL GROWTH DAMAGE & REPAIR GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0190-2148 J9 EXP LUNG RES JI Exp. Lung Res. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 2 BP 331 EP 350 DI 10.3109/01902149509068835 PG 20 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA QR508 UT WOS:A1995QR50800009 PM 7774531 ER PT J AU PRAUSNITZ, JM AF PRAUSNITZ, JM TI SOME NEW FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL-ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Molecular Thermodynamics and Molecular Simulation CY JAN 09-13, 1994 CL KYOTO UNIV, KYOTO, JAPAN HO KYOTO UNIV DE THEORY; EQUATION OF STATE; LIQUID-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA; POLYELECTROLYTES; PROTEINS ID PROTEIN PRECIPITATION; POLYMER; TEMPERATURE; EQUILIBRIA; BLENDS AB The history of chemical engineering thermodynamics shows that its main concern has been development and extension of concepts and ideas that physicists and physical chemists have proposed in only general terms. For example, van der Waals proposed his theory of fluids in 1873 but its use for chemical engineering came only later, starting in the nineteen twenties, when MIT's Warren K. Lewis (and others) developed the generalized charts that we find today in Ferry's Handbook and in undergraduate chemical engineering textbooks. Extension of van der Waals' theory remains a topic of active interest as indicated, for example, in the recent mixing rules of Wong and Sandler which significantly improve calculation of high-pressure phase equilibria for practical process design. A variety of recent concepts from physics and physical chemistry is now under active development. by chemical engineering researchers. Examples include the integral theory of fluids, polymer equilibria, molecular simulation with computers, density functional theory, the theory of electrolytes, fluctuation theory and the properties of fluids under unusual conditions such as the critical region and the metastable state which contains supercooled fluids at negative pressures. Some of these topics are discussed at this symposium. In every case, remarkable progress has been made toward achieving a better understanding of the properties of matter. That understanding, in turn, is useful not only for better design of chemical processes, but also for discovering novel techniques for making new chemical products. Following a short introduction of these new developments, attention is given to an outline of progress in three areas under active investigation at Berkeley. The first area concerns phase equilibria in mixtures of polymers with solvents or with other polymers; the main focus is directed at liquid-liquid equilibria which are more difficult to describe than vapor-liquid equilibria. The basis of this description is a perturbation theory where the reference system is an equation of state for athermal chains based on a Percus-Yevick solution of the Ornstein-Zernike equation coupled with the restraint of chain connectivity. This perturbation theory can describe experimental data for systems with upper or lower consolute temperatures, or both, including closed-loop diagrams. The second area concerns the properties of polyelectrolyte hydrogels in contact with aqueous solutions. Here emphasis is on experimental studies of swelling properties with semi-quantitative description based on polymer-network elasticity and Donnan equilibria. The third area concerns selective precipitation of globular proteins from aqueous solution using a salt as the precipitating agent. A theoretical description, similar to that used for colloidal solutions, requires fundamental experimental data (e.g. osmotic virial coefficients) obtained by light-scattering and osmometry. For a given solution of proteins, this theory can identify not only the conditions that are required for precipitation (pH, concentration and nature of salt) but also the expected degree of protein separation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PRAUSNITZ, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilibria PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 104 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/0378-3812(94)02636-F PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA QN963 UT WOS:A1995QN96300002 ER PT J AU HU, Y YING, XG WU, DT PRAUSNITZ, JM AF HU, Y YING, XG WU, DT PRAUSNITZ, JM TI CONTINUOUS THERMODYNAMICS FOR POLYDISPERSE POLYMER-SOLUTIONS SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Molecular Thermodynamics and Molecular Simulation CY JAN 09-13, 1994 CL KYOTO UNIV, KYOTO, JAPAN HO KYOTO UNIV DE THEORY; APPLICATION; LIQUID-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA; POLYDISPERSE POLYMERS ID LIQUID PHASE-SEPARATION; PAIR INTERACTION PARAMETER; CLOUD-POINT CURVES; HARD-CHAIN THEORY; STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; MIXTURES; CYCLOHEXANE; POLYSTYRENE; EQUILIBRIA AB Continuous thermodynamics is a framework which combines continuum modeling for the compositions of complex and multicomponent mixtures with molecular thermodynamic models and efficient numerical methods. In this work, a generalized molecular-thermodynamic model for polydisperse polymer solutions is developed; it is formally similar to the classical Flory-Huggins theory but with a polymer-size dependent and polymer-concentration dependent Flory parameter. Most existing lattice models and equation-of-state models such as the Guggenheim, Orifino-Flory, Koningsveld-Kleintjens, Sanchez-Lacombe and Revised Freed models can be cast into this generalized model but with different polymer-size and polymer-concentration dependence for the Flory parameter. A generalized continuous-thermodynamics framework based on this generalized model is also presented; expressions for chemical potentials, spinodals and critical points are derived using both the discrete multicomponent method and the continuous functional procedure. Internally consistent results are obtained. Criteria for multiple critical points are also derived. Computer programs are established for polydisperse-polymer solutions with either a standard or an arbitrary distribution for the polymer's molecular weight; in the latter case, the derivative method is applied, based on a previously developed spline fit. To illustrate the framework developed here, calculated liquid-liquid-equilibrium phase diagrams are shown, including UCST, LCST and hour-glass-shaped cloud-point curves, shadow curves, spinodals, critical points and their dependence on molecular parameters, on pressure and on molecular-weight distribution properties. C1 DUPONT CO INC,MARSHALL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19146. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HU, Y (reprint author), E CHINA UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,THERMODYNAM RES LAB,SHANGHAI 200237,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilibria PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 104 BP 229 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0378-3812(94)02651-G PG 24 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA QN963 UT WOS:A1995QN96300017 ER PT J AU TOBIN, M LOGAN, G DELARUBIA, TD SCHROCK, V SCHULZ, K TOKHEIM, R ABDOU, M BANGERTER, R AF TOBIN, M LOGAN, G DELARUBIA, TD SCHROCK, V SCHULZ, K TOKHEIM, R ABDOU, M BANGERTER, R TI CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The US Department of Energy is proposing tdo construct the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to embark on a program to achieve ignition and modest gain in the laboratory early in the next century. The NIF will use a greater than or equal to 1.8 MJ, 0.35 mu m laser with 192 independent beams, a 50-fold increase over the energy of the Nova laser. System performance analyses suggest yields as great as 20 MJ may be achievable. NIF will conduct more than 600 shots per year. The benefits of a micro-fusion capability in the laboratory include essential contributions to defence programs, resolution of important Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) issues and unparalleled conditions of energy density for basic science and technology research. A start has been made to consider the role the NIF will fill in the development of IFE. While the achievement of ignition and gain speaks for itself in terms of its impact on developing IFE, it is believed there are areas of IFE development, such as fusion power technology, IFE target design and fabrication and understanding chamber dynamics, that would significantly benefit from NIF experiments. In the area of IFE target physics, ion targets will be designed using the NIF laser and the feasibility of high-gain targets will be confirmed. Target chamber dynamics experiments will benefit from X-ray and debris energies that mimic the spatial distribution of neutron heating, activation and tritium breeding in relevant materials. IFE target systems will benefit from evaluating low-cost target fabrication techniques by testing such targets on NIF. Additionally, it is believed that it is feasible to inject up to four targets and engage them with the MF laser by triggering the beams in groups of ca. 50 separated in time by ca. 0.1 s. Sub-ignition neutron yields would allow an indication of symmetry achieved in such proof-of-principle rep-rate experiments. NIF will be a unique source of data to benchmark predictive capabilities to support affordable IFE technology selections. The total of NIF-IFE experiments may involve several thousands of shots. NIF may support design ''certification'' for the follow-on facility to NIF, dedicated to IFE, called the Engineering Test Facility. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94270. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138. SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 92004. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. RP TOBIN, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80000-N PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600001 ER PT J AU MOIR, RW AF MOIR, RW TI THE LOGIC BEHIND THICK, LIQUID-WALLED, FUSION CONCEPTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID REACTOR; DESIGN AB It may be possible to surround the region where fusion reactions are taking place with a neutronically thick liquid blanket which has penetrations that allow only a few tenths of a percent of the neutrons to leak out. Even these neutrons can be attenuated by adding an accurately placed liquid or solid near the target to shadow-shield the beam ports from line-of-sight neutrons. The logic of such designs is discussed and their evolution is described with examples applied to both magnetic and inertial fusion (HYLIFE-II). These designs with liquid protection are self-healing when exposed to pulsed loading, and have a number of advantages over the usual designs with solid first walls. For example, the liquid-protected solid components will last the life of the plant, and therefore the capacity factor is estimated to be approximately 10% higher than for the non-liquid-walled blankets, because no blanket replacement shutdowns are required. The component replacement, operations, and maintenance costs might be half the usual value because no blanket change-out costs or accompanying facilities are required. These combined savings might lower the cost of electricity by 20%. Nuclear-grade construction should not be needed, largely because the liquid attenuates neutrons and results in less activation of materials. Upon decommissioning, the reactor materials should qualify for disposal by shallow burial even when constructed of ordinary 304 stainless steel. The need for a high-intensity 14-MeV neutron test facility to develop first-wall materials is avoided or greatly reduced, saving billions of development dollars. Flowing molten Li, the molten salt Flibe (Li2BeF4), and molten Li17Pb83 have been considered. An advantage of molten salt is that it will not burn and has a low tritium solubility and therefore low tritium inventory. RP MOIR, RW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-637,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 11 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 34 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80003-G PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600004 ER PT J AU SAGER, GT SZE, DK WONG, CPC BATHKE, CG BLANCHARD, JP BRIMER, C CHENG, ET ELGUEBALY, LA HASAN, MZ NAJMABADI, F SHARAFAT, S SVIATOSLAVSKI, IN WAGANER, L AF SAGER, GT SZE, DK WONG, CPC BATHKE, CG BLANCHARD, JP BRIMER, C CHENG, ET ELGUEBALY, LA HASAN, MZ NAJMABADI, F SHARAFAT, S SVIATOSLAVSKI, IN WAGANER, L TI USING THE SHIELD FOR THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE IN PULSAR SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The PULSAR pulsed tokamak power plant design utilizes the outboard shield for thermal energy storage to maintain full 1000 MW(e) output during the dwell period of 200 s. Thermal energy resulting from direct nuclear heating is accumulated in the shield during the 7200 s fusion power production phase. The maximum shield temperature may be much higher than that for the blanket because radiation damage is significantly reduced. During the dwell period, thermal power discharged from the shield and coolant temperature are simultaneously regulated by controlling the coolant mass flow rate at the shield inlet. This is facilitated by throttled coolant bypass. Design concepts using helium and lithium coolant have been developed. Two-dimensional time-dependent thermal hydraulic calculations were performed to confirm performance capabilities required of the design concepts. The results indicate that the system design and performance can accommodate uncertainties in material limits or the length of the dwell period. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSP,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. TSI RES INC,SOLANA BEACH,CA 92075. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92037. RP SAGER, GT (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,POB 85608,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80004-H PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600005 ER PT J AU MCCARTHY, KA SMOLIK, GR WALLACE, RS MESSICK, K AF MCCARTHY, KA SMOLIK, GR WALLACE, RS MESSICK, K TI THE EFFECT OF COMPOSITION ON VOLATILITY FROM A COPPER ALLOY SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB During a loss of coolant accident activated structural material can be mobilized through oxidation. Information on how much material is mobilized in an accident is necessary for performing safety assessments of fusion reactor designs. The Fusion Safety Program at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory has an experimental program to measure mobilized mass as a function of temperature for various oxidizing environments. Materials studied have included beryllium (important because of its toxicity), copper alloys, a, niobium alloy, austenitic and ferritic steels, tungsten (pure and an alloy), and a vanadium alloy. Some materials undergo a significant change in composition during irradiation. An example of this is copper (a candidate for the ITER first wall, divertor substrate, and various instrumentation probes and antennas), which can have as much as I wt.% zinc because of transmutation. Additionally, as the design for ITER evolves, a slightly different copper alloy may be selected. Compositional changes may affect the extent that various elements are mobilized because of such mechanisms as diffusion through the alloy, and penetration and release from oxide layers formed on the material. To calculate accurately offsite doses for various irradiation scenarios, we must understand the effect of composition on mobilization. We have carried out a series of experiments in our volatilization of activation products oxides reactor apparatus with a copper alloy containing non-radioactive elements added to represent transmutation products. We prepared samples containing copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, zirconium and aluminum. We prepared three different sample compositions with varying amounts of cobalt, nickel, and zinc. We tested the samples in the temperature range 600-1200 degrees C in both air and steam. The species mobilized by volatilization and oxide spalling are carried downstream and collected in a filter or deposited on the system surfaces. The system components and the filter, consisting of quartz, are chemically cleaned with hydrofluoric acid and processed into solutions that are analyzed. These tests provide a mass flux (grams per square meter per hour) as a function of temperature for each element. We used the information from the these tests to calculate offsite early doses (for 1 h at temperature) as a function of temperature resulting from mobilization of the first wall. We present results for both air and steam exposure. We discuss the effect of copper alloy composition on these doses. RP MCCARTHY, KA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 150 EP 157 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80016-Q PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600017 ER PT J AU MAJUMDAR, S AF MAJUMDAR, S TI DESIGN STANDARD ISSUES FOR ITER IN-VESSEL COMPONENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Design loadings and potential mechanical damage in ITER in-vessel components are enumerated. Design by analysis requirements for ITER blanket and divertor are discussed in the light of the decreasing ductility of the structural material as a function of the neutron fluence. The applicability and limitations of the ASME Boilers and Pressure Vessels Code, Section III to ITER components are discussed. The design rules from fission reactor core components are reviewed for potential application to ITER. RP MAJUMDAR, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80017-R PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600018 ER PT J AU TADA, E MAISONNIER, D HERNDON, J AF TADA, E MAISONNIER, D HERNDON, J TI REMOTE HANDLING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR FUSION EXPERIMENTAL REACTORS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Fusion experimental reactors are a major step toward realization of fusion energy production by commerical reactors. The key objective is to demonstrate the scientific and technological feasibility prior to the demo fusion reactors. The ITER (international thermonuclear experimental reactor) is an experimental reactor and the engineering design has been initiated by the united efforts of the USA, EC, RF, and Japan after completion of the conceptual design activity. Since the reactor core components are activated by the D-T operation, advanced remote handling technologies are inevitably required for assembly and maintenance of the components under the radiation conditions. The key issues to be developed for the remote handling system are radiation hardening over 10(7) R h(-1), precise position-posture control for handling heavy components without the interference in a limited reactor space, and tools for connection-disconnection and inspection. For this purpose, extensive technology developments in parallel with the engineering design are being conducted domestically and internationally through the ITER framework. This paper outlines both an overview of the remote handling system required for fusion experimental reactors and the recent status of remote handling technology development being conducted in Japan, EC and USA. C1 IPP,NET TEAM,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ROBOT & PROC SYST,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP TADA, E (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,REACTOR STRUCT LAB,NAKA,IBARAKI 31101,JAPAN. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 249 EP 261 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80031-R PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600032 ER PT J AU SMITH, DL CHUNG, HM LOOMIS, BA MATSUI, H VOTINOV, S VANWITZENBURG, W AF SMITH, DL CHUNG, HM LOOMIS, BA MATSUI, H VOTINOV, S VANWITZENBURG, W TI DEVELOPMENT OF VANADIUM-BASE ALLOYS FOR FUSION FIRST-WALL BLANKET APPLICATIONS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Vanadium alloys have been identified as a leading candidate material for fusion first-wall-blanket applications. Certain vanadium alloys exhibit favorable safety and environmental characteristics, good fabricability, high temperature and heat load capability, good compatibility with liquid metals and resistance to irradiation damage effects. The current focus is on vanadium alloys with (3-5)% Cr and (3-5)% Ti, with a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy as the leading candidate. The available database indicates that the V-Cr-Ti alloys provide the following advantages: (1) These alloys are readily formable and weldable; however, atmospheric contamination must be avoided during welding and high temperature processing. (2) The relatively high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion provide for a high heat: load capability. (3) These alloys exhibit good high temperature tensile and creep properties which permit high temperature operation. (4) V-Cr-Ti alloys exhibit low long-term activation and low radioactive decay heat which provide safety and environmental advantages. (5) These alloys are characteristically resistant to liquid metal corrosion. (6) Alloys with a few per cent titanium are highly resistant to irradiation-induced swelling, which provides for the possibility of long lifetime. (7) Results obtained to date indicate that the V-4Cr-4Ti alloy is highly resistant to irradiation-induced degradation of the mechanical properties. Substantial progress has been made in the development of these alloys for fusion application. Larger heats of the V-4Cr-4Ti alloy have been prepared in the USA and Russia. The baseline property database has been expanded. Recent results indicate that these alloys are resistant to irradiation damage. The irradiation-induced swelling is low, the uniform elongation of alloys irradiated at 400-600 degrees C remains above 8% and the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the V-4Cr-4Ti alloy after irradiation remains well below room temperature. Preliminary results indicate that the crack growth rates of certain alloys are not highly sensitive to irradiation. Results from the dynamic helium charging experiment (DHCE) which simulates fusion relevant helium/dpa ratios are similar to results from neutron-irradiated material. This paper presents an overview of recent results on the development of vanadium alloys for fusion first-wall-blanket applications. C1 TOHOKU UNIV,TOHOKU,JAPAN. AA BOCHVAR INORGAN MAT RES INST,BOCHVAR,RUSSIA. ECN PETTEN,PETTEN,NETHERLANDS. RP SMITH, DL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80046-Z PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600047 ER PT J AU SHARAFAT, S JONES, RH KOHYAMA, A FENICI, P AF SHARAFAT, S JONES, RH KOHYAMA, A FENICI, P TI STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR SIC-SIC COMPOSITE-MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT FOR FUSION APPLICATIONS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID BETA-SILICON CARBIDE; IRRADIATION AB Silicon carbide (SiC) composites are very attractive for fusion applications because of their low afterheat and low activation characteristics coupled with excellent high temperature properties. These composites are relatively new materials that will require material development as well as evaluation of hermiticity, thermal conductivity, radiation stability, high temperature strength, fatigue, thermal shock, and joining techniques. The radiation stability of SiC-SiC composites is a critical aspect of their application as fusion components and recent results will be reported. Many of the non-fusion specific issues are under evaluation by other ceramic composite development programs, such as the US national continuous fiber ceramic composites. The current development status of various SiC-SiC composites research and development efforts is given. Effect of neutron irradiation on the properties of SiC-SiC composite between 500 and 1200 degrees C are reported. Novel high temperature properties specific to ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials are discussed. The chemical stability of SIC is reviewed briefly. Ongoing research and development efforts for joining CMC materials including SiC-SiC composites are described. In conclusion, ongoing research and development efforts show extremely promising properties and behavior for SiC-SiC composites for fusion applications. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV TOKYO, TOKYO, JAPAN. COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, JOINT RES CTR, I-21020 ISPRA, ITALY. RP SHARAFAT, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 EI 1873-7196 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 411 EP 420 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80047-2 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600048 ER PT J AU CHUNG, HM LOOMIS, BA SMITH, DL AF CHUNG, HM LOOMIS, BA SMITH, DL TI PROPERTIES OF V-4CR-4TI FOR APPLICATION AS FUSION-REACTOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID VANADIUM ALLOYS; ACTIVATION; HELIUM AB Vanadium-based alloys are promising candidate materials for application in fusion reactor first-wall and blanket structures because they offer several important advantages, i.e. inherently low irradiation-induced activity, good mechanical properties, good compatibility with lithium, high thermal conductivity and good resistance to irradiation-induced swelling and damage. As part of a program to screen candidate alloys and develop an optimized vandanium-base alloy, extensive investigations of various V-Ti, V-Cr-Ti and V-Ti-Si alloys have been conducted after irradiation in lithium in fission reactors. From these investigations, V-4wt.%Cr-4wt.%Ti was indentified as the most promising alloy. The alloy exhibited attractive mechanical and physical properties that are prerequisites for first-wall and blanket structures, i.e. high tensile strength, high ductility, good creep properties, high impact energy, low ductile-brittle transition temperature before and after irradiation, excellent resistance to irradiation-induced swelling and microstructural instability and good resistance to corrosion in lithium. In particular, the alloy is virtually immune to irradiation-induced embrittlement, a remarkable property compared with other candidate materials being investigated in the fusion-reactor-materials community. The effects of helium, charged dynamically in simulation of realistic fusion reactor conditions, on tensile, ductile-brittle transition and swelling properties were insignificant. The thermal creep behavior of the alloy was significantly superior to that of austenitic and ferritic/martensitic steels. RP CHUNG, HM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 29 BP 455 EP 464 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)80053-Z PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QW376 UT WOS:A1995QW37600054 ER PT J AU NYGREN, RE AF NYGREN, RE TI HIGH-QUALITY ACTIVELY COOLED PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS FOR FUSION SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB This paper interweaves some suggestions for developing actively cooled plasma-facing components (PFCs) for future fusion devices, with supporting examples taken from the design, fabrication and operation of Tore Supra's Phase III outboard pump limiter (OPL). This actively cooled midplane limiter, designed for heat and particle removal during long-pulse operation, has been operated under essentially thermally steady state conditions. Testing to identify braze flaws, analysis of the impact of joining flaws on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the OPL, and the extensive calorimetry and IR thermography used to confirm and update safe operating limits for power handling of the OPL are reviewed. This experience suggests that, for PFCs in future fusion devices, flaw-tolerant designs are possible; analyses of the impacts of flaws on performance can provide criteria for quality assurance; and validating appropriate methods of inspection for such flaws early in the design development of PFCs is prudent. The need for in-service monitoring is also discussed. RP NYGREN, RE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00288-I PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300001 ER PT J AU BAXI, CB SMITH, J YOUCHISON, D AF BAXI, CB SMITH, J YOUCHISON, D TI DESIGN, FABRICATION AND TESTING OF A HELIUM COOLED MODULE SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Helium cooling has been shown to be very attractive from safety considerations as a coolant for ITER. However, there is a concern that use of helium will result in large manifolds and large pumping power. The purpose of this task was to design, fabricate and test a helium cooled divertor module for ITER relevant heat flux conditions. The General Atomics divertor module was designed for 10 MW m(-2) and the width and length were selected such that the module could be tested in the helium loop and electron beam facility at Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM. Design analysis shows that the required pumping power can be reduced by a factor of 45 by using heat transfer enhancement associated with extended surfaces. This analysis resulted in a module with macro fins of 1 mm pitch and 0.4 mm thickness. The module was fabricated from dispersion strengthened copper by an electric discharge machining process. It had a heat flux surface 25 mm wide and 80 mm long. The module was tested at Sandia National Laboratory, confirming the desing predictions. At the highest heat flux of 10 MW m(-2), the pumping power required was less than 1% of the power removed, and the peak surface temperature was about 400 degrees C. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP BAXI, CB (reprint author), GEN ATOM,SAN DIEGO,CA, USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 22 EP 26 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300003 ER PT J AU HASSANEIN, A KONKASHBAEV, I AF HASSANEIN, A KONKASHBAEV, I TI AN ASSESSMENT OF DISRUPTION EROSION IN THE ITER ENVIRONMENT SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID PLASMA DISRUPTIONS AB The behavior of divertor materials during a major disruption in ITER is very important to successful and reliable operation of the reactor. Erosion of material surfaces due to a thermal energy dump can severely limit the lifetimes of plasma-facing components and thus diminish the reactor's economic feasibility. A comprehensive numerical model has been developed and used in this analysis, which includes all major physical processes taking place during plasma/material interactions. Models to account for material thermal evolution, plasma/vapor interaction physics, and models for hydrodynamic radiation transport in the developed vapor cloud are implemented in a self-consistent manner to realistically assess disruption damage. The extent of self-protection from the developed vapor cloud in front of the incoming plasma particles is critically important in determining the overall disruption lifetime. Models to study detailed effects of the strong magnetic field on the behavior of the vapor cloud and on the net erosion rate have been developed and analyzed. Candidate materials such as beryllium and carbon are both considered in this analysis. The dependence of divertor disruption lifetime on disruption physics and reactor conditions was analyzed and discussed. C1 TROITSK INNOVAT INST,TROITSK 142092,RUSSIA. RP HASSANEIN, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90017-9 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300004 ER PT J AU FEDERICI, G MATERA, R CHIOCCHIO, S DIETZ, J JANESCHITZ, G DRIEMEYER, D HAINES, J TILLACK, MS ULRICKSON, M AF FEDERICI, G MATERA, R CHIOCCHIO, S DIETZ, J JANESCHITZ, G DRIEMEYER, D HAINES, J TILLACK, MS ULRICKSON, M TI DESIGN, MATERIALS AND R-AND-D ISSUES OF INNOVATIVE THERMAL CONTACT JOINTS FOR HIGH HEAT-FLUX APPLICATIONS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Plasma facing components in fusion machines are designed with a layer of sacrificial armour material facing the plasma and a high-conductivity material in contact with the coolant. One of the most critical issues associated with making the proposed design concept work, from a power handling point of view, is achieving the necessary contact conductance between the armour and the heat sink. This paper presents a novel idea for the interface joint between the sacrificial armour and the actively cooled permanent heat sink. It consists of a thermal bond layer of a binary or more complex alloy, treated in the semi-solid region in such a way as to lead to a fine dispersion of a globular solid phase into a liquid matrix (rheocast process). The alloy in this ''mushy state'' exhibits a time-dependent, shear rate-dependent viscosity, which is maintained reversibly when the material is solidified and heated again in the semi-solid state. The function of the thermal bond layer is to facilitate heat transfer between the replaceable armour and the permanent heat sink without building up excessive thermal stresses, as in conventional brazed joints, and allow an easy replacement whenever needed without disturbing the coolant system. No contact pressure is required in this case to provide the desired heat transfer conductance, and the reversible thixotropic properties of the rheocast material should guarantee the stability of the layer in the semi-solid conditions. Key design, material and testing issues are identified and discussed in this paper with emphasis on specific needs for future research and development work. Examples of suitable material options which are being considered are reported together with some initial heat transfer analysis results. C1 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSP,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP FEDERICI, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,JWS COCTR,ITER GARCHING,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 34 EP 43 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00121-M PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300005 ER PT J AU NYGREN, RE LUTZ, TL MILLER, JD MCGRATH, R DALE, GE AF NYGREN, RE LUTZ, TL MILLER, JD MCGRATH, R DALE, GE TI ASSESSING BRAZE QUALITY IN THE ACTIVELY COOLED TORE-SUPRA PHASE-III OUTBOARD PUMP LIMITER SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The quality of brazing of pyrolytic graphite armor brazed to copper tubes in Tore Supra's phase III outboard pump limiter was assessed through pre-service qualification testing of individual copper-tile assemblies. The evaluation used non-destructive hot-water transient heating tests performed in the high temperature, high pressure flow loop at Sandia's Plasma Materials Test Facility. The surface temperatures of tiles were monitored with an IR camera as water at 120 degrees C at about 2.07 MPa (300 Ibf in(-2)) passed through a tube assembly initially at 30 degrees C. For tiles with braze voids or cracks, the surface temperatures lagged behind those of adjacent well-bonded tiles. Temperature lags were correlated with flaw sizes observed during repairs based upon detailed two-dimensional heat transfer analyses. ''Bad'' tiles, i.e. temperature lags of 10-20 degrees C depending upon a tile's size, were easy to detect and, when removed, revealed braze voids of roughly 50% of the joint area. 11 of the 14 tubes were rebrazed after bad tiles were detected and removed. Three tubes were rebrazed twice. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP NYGREN, RE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Dale, Gregory/A-9419-2009 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90028-4 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300015 ER PT J AU FEDERICI, G CAUSEY, R ANDREW, PL WU, CH AF FEDERICI, G CAUSEY, R ANDREW, PL WU, CH TI TRITIUM RETENTION IN CANDIDATE NEXT-STEP PROTECTION MATERIALS - ENGINEERING KEY ISSUES AND RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; IRRADIATED GRAPHITE; SURFACE OXYGEN; CARBON-FILMS; DEUTERIUM; HYDROGEN; PLASMA; BERYLLIUM; RELEASE; PERMEATION AB Although a considerable volume of valuable data on the behaviour of tritium in beryllium and carbon-based armours exposed to hydrogenic fusion plasmas has been compiled over the past years both from operation of present-day tokamaks and from laboratory simulations, knowledge is far from complete and tritium inventory predictions for these materials remain highly uncertain. In this paper we elucidate the main mechanisms responsible for tritium trapping and release in next-step D-T tokamaks, as well as the applicability of some of the presently known data bases for design purposes. Owing to their strong anticipated implications on tritium uptake and release, attention is focused mainly on the interaction of tritium with neutron damage induced defects, on tritium codeposition with eroded carbon and on the effects of oxide and surface contaminants. Some preliminary quantitative estimates are presented based on most recent experimental findings and latest modelling developments as well. The influence of important working conditions such as target temperature, loading particle fluxes, erosion and redeposition rates, as well as material characteristics such as the type of morphology of the protection material (i.e. amorphous plasma-sprayed beryllium vs. solid forms), and design dependent parameters are discussed in this paper. Remaining issues which require additional effort are identified. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. JET JOINT UNDERTAKING,ABINGDON OX14 3EA,OXON,ENGLAND. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,ITER,EU HOME TEAM,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP FEDERICI, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,ITER GARCHING,JWS COCTR,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 136 EP 148 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90032-2 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300019 ER PT J AU ROCKETT, PD HUNTER, JA BRADLEY, JT GAHL, JM ZHITLUKHIN, A ARKHIPOV, K BAKHTIN, V TOPORKOV, D OVCHINNOKOV, I KUZNETSOV, VE TITOV, VA AF ROCKETT, PD HUNTER, JA BRADLEY, JT GAHL, JM ZHITLUKHIN, A ARKHIPOV, K BAKHTIN, V TOPORKOV, D OVCHINNOKOV, I KUZNETSOV, VE TITOV, VA TI VACUUM UV SPECTROSCOPY OF ARMOR EROSION FROM PLASMA GUN DISRUPTION SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Extensive simulations of tokamak disruptions have provided a picture of material erosion that is limited by the transfer of energy from the incident plasma to the armor solid surface through a dense vapor shield. Two transmission grating vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectrographs were designed and utilized to study the plasma-material interface in plasma gun simulation experiments. Target materials included POGO graphite, An graphite, boron nitride and plasma-sprayed tungsten. Detailed spectra were recorded with a spatial resolution of ca. 0.7 mm resolution on VIKA at Efremov and on 2MK-200 at Troitsk. Time-resolved data with 40-200 ns resolution were then recorded along with the same spatial resolution on 2MK-200. The VIKA plasma gun directly illuminated a target with a high:intensity plasma pulse of 2-100 MJ m(-2) with low-energy ions of ca. 100 eV. The 2MK-200 plasma gun illuminated the target via a magnetic cusp that permitted only deuterium to pass with energies of ca. 1 keV, but which produced a fairly low energy density of 2 MJ m(-2). Power densities on target ranged from 10(7) to 10(8) W cm(-2). Emitted spectra were recorded from 15 to 450 Angstrom over a distance from 0 to 7 cm above the armor target surface. The data from both plasma gun facilities demonstrated that the hottest plasma region was sitting several millimeters above the armor the surface. This apparently constituted the absorption region, which confirmed past computer simulations. Spectra indicated both the species and ionization level that were being ablated from the target, demonstrating impurity content, and showing plasma ablation velocity. Graphite samples clearly showed C V lines as well as impurity lines from O V and O VI. The BN tiles produced textbook examples of B IV and B V, and extensive N IV, V and VI lines. These are being compared with radiation-hydrodynamic calculations. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP ENGN, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. TROITSK INNOVAT & TECHNOL INST, TROITSK, RUSSIA. DV EFREMOV ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS INST, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. RP ROCKETT, PD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT FUS TECHNOL, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 149 EP 156 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300020 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, JL OKUNO, K AF ANDERSON, JL OKUNO, K TI TRITIUM HANDLING AND PROCESSING EXPERIENCE AT THE TRITIUM SYSTEMS TEST ASSEMBLY SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LASER RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; TSTA AB In 1987 the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and the US Department of Energy (DOE) signed a collaborative agreement for the joint funding and operation of the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This collaboration has continued through June 1994. During this seven year period the TSTA team has conducted many tritium experiments. These included a number of integrated process loop tests, as well as many off-line, stand-alone experiments to develop, test and validate new components and technologies for tritium service. The TSTA process loop has been operated in continuous mode for periods up to 25 consecutive days, and many loop experiments of shorter duration have been performed. In addition, a number of technical developments and component/system demonstrations have been accomplished. These tests have included development and evaluating of fuel cleanup systems and hydrogen isotope separation systems that are now available for consideration for ITER. This paper highlights some of the major accomplishments of this seven year collaboration. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TRITIUM PROC LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP ANDERSON, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TRITIUM SYST TEST ASSEMBLY,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90038-1 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300025 ER PT J AU HOLLENBERG, GW SIMONEN, EP KALININ, G TERLAIN, A AF HOLLENBERG, GW SIMONEN, EP KALININ, G TERLAIN, A TI TRITIUM HYDROGEN BARRIER DEVELOPMENT SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID STAINLESS-STEEL; PERMEATION BARRIERS; FUSION-REACTOR; MILD-STEEL; DIFFUSION; PERMEABILITY; IRRADIATION; DEUTERIUM; ALUMINUM; 316L AB A review of the hydrogen permeation barriers which can be applied to the structural metals used in fusion power plants is presented. Both implanted and chemically available hydrogen isotopes must be controlled in fusion plants. The need for permeation barriers appears strongest in Pb-17Li blanket designs, although barriers are also necessary for other blanket and coolant systems. Barriers which provide greater than a 1000- fold reduction in the permeation of structural metals are desired. In laboratory experiments, aluminide and titanium ceramic coatings provide permeation reduction factors (PRFs) of 1000 to over 100 000 with a wide range of scatter. The rate-controlling mechanism for hydrogen permeation through these barriers may be related to the number and type of defects in the barriers. Although these barriers appear robust and resistant to liquid metal corrosion, irradiation tests which simulate blanket environments result in very low PRFs in comparison with laboratory experiments, i.e. less than 150. It is anticipated from fundamental research activities that the radiation- and electric-field-induced enhancement of hydrogen diffusion in oxides may contribute to the lower PRFs during in-reactor experiments. C1 ITER TEAM, GARCHING, GERMANY. CEA SACLAY, SACLAY, FRANCE. RP HOLLENBERG, GW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 56 TC 112 Z9 126 U1 7 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 190 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00377-J PG 19 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300026 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, JL GENTILE, C KALISH, M KAMPERSCHROER, J KOZUB, T LAMARCHE, P MURRAY, H NAGY, A RAFTOPOULOS, S ROSSMASSLER, R SISSINGH, R SWANSON, J TULIPANO, F VIOLA, M VOORHEES, D WALTERS, RT AF ANDERSON, JL GENTILE, C KALISH, M KAMPERSCHROER, J KOZUB, T LAMARCHE, P MURRAY, H NAGY, A RAFTOPOULOS, S ROSSMASSLER, R SISSINGH, R SWANSON, J TULIPANO, F VIOLA, M VOORHEES, D WALTERS, RT TI OPERATION OF THE TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR TRITIUM SYSTEMS DURING INITIAL TRITIUM EXPERIMENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The high power D-T experiments on the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory commenced in November 1993. During initial operation of the tritium systems a number of start-up problems surfaced and had to be corrected. These were corrected through a series of system modifications and upgrades and by repair of failed or inadequate components. Even as these operational concerns were being addressed, the tritium systems continued to support D-T operations on the tokamak. During the first six months of D-T operations more than 107 kCi of tritium were processed successfully by the tritium systems. D-T experiments conducted at TFTR during this period provided significant new data. Fusion power in excess of 9 MW was achieved in May 1994. This paper describes some of the early start-up issues, and reports on the operation of the tritium system and the tritium tracking and accounting system during the early phase of TFTR D-T experiments. RP ANDERSON, JL (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90040-3 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300027 ER PT J AU SZE, DK MATTAS, RF ANDERSON, J HAANGE, R YOSHIDA, H KVETON, O AF SZE, DK MATTAS, RF ANDERSON, J HAANGE, R YOSHIDA, H KVETON, O TI TRITIUM RECOVERY FROM LITHIUM, BASED ON A COLD TRAP SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LIQUID AB A concept to recover tritium from lithium, based on a cold trap, has been developed as part of the U.S. contribution to ITER. The cold trap process can only reduce the tritium concentration to about 400 appm, which is far above the ITER design goal of reducing the tritium concentration in lithium to about 1 appm. To achieve this lower goal, protium is added to the lithium to a concentration higher than the saturation concentration of the hydrogen isotope at the cold trap temperature. Thus, LiH and LiT will precipitate out together at the cold trap. The tritium from the cold trap can be recovered by heating the Li(H + T) to 600 degrees C for decomposition. The H and T then can be separated by a cryogenic distillation process. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,ITER,NAKA,IBARAKI 31101,JAPAN. RP SZE, DK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 220 EP 225 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300029 ER PT J AU MORIYAMA, H TANAKA, S SZE, DK REIMANN, J TERLAIN, A AF MORIYAMA, H TANAKA, S SZE, DK REIMANN, J TERLAIN, A TI TRITIUM RECOVERY FROM LIQUID-METALS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LITHIUM LEAD ALLOY; NAK-COLD TRAPS; HYDROGEN PERMEATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; FUSION-REACTOR; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; BREEDER BLANKETS; PB17LI ALLOY; PB-17LI; LI17PB83 AB Liquid breeder materials have many inherent advantages over solid breeder materials, and the liquid metals pure lithium and Pb-17Li alloy are expected to be potential candidate materials. This paper reviews recent work on tritium recovery from the two candidate materials, and discusses the implications of the work for successful future development. The physical and chemical properties of these two materials are also discussed in order to make the similarities and differences clear. C1 UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. CEN,CEA,DTA,CEREM,DTM,SCECF,F-92265 FONTENAY ROSES,FRANCE. RP MORIYAMA, H (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,INST RES REACTOR,OSAKA 59004,JAPAN. NR 103 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 226 EP 239 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300030 ER PT J AU RAFFRAY, AR BILLONE, MC FEDERICI, G TANAKA, S AF RAFFRAY, AR BILLONE, MC FEDERICI, G TANAKA, S TI PROGRESS IN TRITIUM RETENTION AND RELEASE MODELING FOR CERAMIC BREEDERS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LITHIUM-BASE CERAMICS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; IRRADIATION DEFECTS; COMPREHENSIVE MODEL; SINTERED PELLET; BEHAVIOR; LI2O; OXIDE; DIFFUSION; TRANSPORT AB Tritium behavior in ceramic breeder blankets is a key design issue for this class of blanket because of its impact on safety and fuel self-sufficiency. Over the past 10-15 years, substantial theoretical and experimental effort has been dedicated worldwide to the development of a better understanding of tritium transport in ceramic breeders. The models available today seem to cover reasonably well all of the key physical transport and trapping mechanisms. They allow for reasonable interpretation and reproduction of experimental data, help to point out deficiencies in the material property database, provide guidance for future experiments and aid in the analysis of blanket tritium behavior. This paper highlights the progress in tritium modeling over the last decade. Key tritium transport mechanisms are briefly described, together with the more recent, sophisticated models which have been developed to help understand them. Recent experimental data are highlighted and model calibration and validation are discussed. Finally, example applications to blanket cases are shown as an illustration of the progress in the prediction of ceramic breeder blanket tritium inventory. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. UNIV TOKYO, FAC ENGN, DEPT QUANTUM ENGN & SYST SCI, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. RP ITER, JOINT WORK SITE, BOLTZMANNSTR 2, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 EI 1873-7196 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 240 EP 251 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00145-W PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300031 ER PT J AU KONISHI, S YAMANISHI, Y ENOEDA, M HAYASHI, T OHIRA, S YAMADA, M SUZUKI, T OKUNO, K SHERMAN, RH WILLMS, RS TAYLOR, DJ CARLSON, RV NASISE, JE BARNES, JW BARTLIT, JR ANDERSON, JL AF KONISHI, S YAMANISHI, Y ENOEDA, M HAYASHI, T OHIRA, S YAMADA, M SUZUKI, T OKUNO, K SHERMAN, RH WILLMS, RS TAYLOR, DJ CARLSON, RV NASISE, JE BARNES, JW BARTLIT, JR ANDERSON, JL TI OPERATION OF A SIMULATED NONSTEADY TOKAMAK FUEL LOOP USING THE TRITIUM SYSTEMS TEST ASSEMBLY SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB In order to develop a fuel system for a realistic fusion device in near future, a number of experimental campaigns of a simulated fusion fuel loop were performed under practical non-steady conditions at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA). Some technical issues specific for non-steady fuel loop were identified and are being investigated further. The overall process loop was operated with non-steady inputs to better interface with pulsed tokamak operation, which requires a rather different and improved processing capability specific to each subsystem. The cryogenic distillation columns in the isotope separation are modified to provide side-stream recycle paths with isotopic equilibration function. This change improved separation characteristics with various feed compositions, and reduces the required number of columns for processing and resulted in a reduced tritium inventory in the isotope separation system (ISS). Another major technical development on the ISS is addition of a number of feed-back control loops that automatically operate the distillation columns stably under changing feed conditions. The plasma exhaust processing system composed of palladium diffuser, catalytic reactor, electrolysis cell and cold trap was operated mainly in the batch mode to handle a broader range of input flow rate and composition in various configurations to minimize tritium loss and inventory. The results demonstrated the overall capability and flexibility of the TSTA loop to serve as a fuel processing system under non-steady conditions; however, they imply that many technical issues arise in operating a practical fuel processing system. These may not be foreseen in the design stage and can only be determined during integrated tests under realistic operating conditions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP KONISHI, S (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00238-3 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300033 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, T NODA, K SLAGLE, OD HOBBS, FD AF TAKAHASHI, T NODA, K SLAGLE, OD HOBBS, FD TI CHANGES IN THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND DENSITY OF LI2O DURING IRRADIATION IN BEATRIX-II, PHASE-I SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID INSITU TRITIUM RECOVERY; SOLID BREEDER MATERIALS; FAST-NEUTRON AB BEATRIX-II, phase I was an in situ tritium recovery experiment carried out on Li2O to lithium burnups in excess of 4%. Solid Li2O specimens were irradiated under a temperature gradient in the range from 700 K at the outer diameter to 1270 K at the center. A ring specimen of Li2O operated at a nearly uniform temperature with the capability of changing the temperature in the range 780-920 K. Li2O single crystals with two different Li-6 enrichments (0.07 and 1.8 at.%) were irradiated at 650 K in non-vented canisters. The microstructures of these specimens before and after irradiation were investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Substantial microstructural change was found to have occurred in the solid specimen during irradiation and this change was characterized by the development of large columnar grains, lenticular pores and a center void. The development of columnar grains and the formation of the center void was attributed to the migration of lenticular pores up the thermal gradient by an evaporation-condensation process. Morphological changes on fracture surfaces were observed for both polycrystalline (solid and ring) specimens and single-crystal specimens. Measurements of density were used to characterize further the effects of irradiation on the open and closed porosity distributions in all the specimens. Although extensive microstructural and density changes occurred during irradiation, these changes had no significant impact on the integrity of Li2O during irradiation, and therefore these results support the use of Li2O as a fusion solid breeder. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP TAKAHASHI, T (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90048-9 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300035 ER PT J AU BILLONE, MC AF BILLONE, MC TI TIARA ANALYSIS OF TRITIUM INVENTORY IN LI2O SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; DIFFUSION AB The TIARA code has been developed to predict tritium inventory in Li2O breeder ceramic and to predict purge exit flow rate and composition under steady-state operating conditions. Inventory predictions are based on models for bulk diffusion, surface desorption, solubility and precipitation. Parameters for these models are determined from the results of laboratory annealing studies on unirradiated and irradiated Li2O and from a limited number (2) of inventory data measured after in-reactor purge flow testing. The remaining inventory data points (18) are used for code validation. In the validation exercise, models and model parameters are fixed prior to running the validation cases to assess how well TIARA predictions agree with data. On average, the TIARA predictions are in excellent agreement with the inventory data from the following in-reactor tests: EXOTIC-2, SIBELIUS, VOM-15H, CRITIC-1, BEATRIX-II (Phase 1) thin ring, and BEATRIX-II (Phase 1) thick pellet. Thus, TIARA can be used with a reasonable degree of confidence for design analysis over a broad range of fabrication variables and steady-state operating conditions. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BILLONE, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 313 EP 318 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300040 ER PT J AU KUAN, W ABDOU, MA WILLMS, RS AF KUAN, W ABDOU, MA WILLMS, RS TI TIME-DEPENDENT TRITIUM INVENTORIES AND FLOW-RATES IN FUEL-CYCLE COMPONENTS OF A TOKAMAK FUSION-REACTOR SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID ITER; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS AB Time-dependent inventories and flow rates for several components of the fuel cycle are modeled and studied through the use of a new modular-type model for the dynamic simulation of the fuel cycle in a fusion reactor. The complex dynamic behavior in the modeled subsystems is analyzed using this new model. Preliminary results using fuel cycle design configurations similar to ITER are presented and analyzed. The inventories and flow rates inside the primary vacuum pumping, fuel cleanup unit and isotope separation system are studied. Ways to minimize the tritium inventory are also assessed. This was performed by looking at various design options that could be used to minimize tritium inventory for specific components. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KUAN, W (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 329 EP 335 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00164-3 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300043 ER PT J AU HAYASHI, T YAMADA, M KONISHI, S MATSUDA, Y OKUNO, K NASISE, JE DAHLIN, RS ANDERSON, JL AF HAYASHI, T YAMADA, M KONISHI, S MATSUDA, Y OKUNO, K NASISE, JE DAHLIN, RS ANDERSON, JL TI TRITIUM EVACUATION PERFORMANCE OF A LARGE OIL-FREE RECIPROCATING PUMP SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID SYSTEM; JAERI AB A large oil-free reciprocating pump, with carbon polyimide composite piston rings and dynamic metal bellows seal, has been developed for tritium services at the Tritium Process Laboratory of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. The design pumping speed is 54 m(3) h(-1) for hydrogen gas at 5 Torr suction pressure and 875 Torr discharge pressure. Tritium evacuation performances were measured at 400-675 Torr discharge pressure at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under the US-Japan collaboration programme on fusion fuel technology. The pumping speed for tritium was greater than 120 m(3) h(-1) at 4 Torr suction pressure and 500 Torr discharge pressure. The ultimate pressure with tritium was 0.8 Torr at 500 Torr discharge pressure. Performance data for tritium were slightly better than those for H-2, D-2, He and N-2. The discharge pressure did not affect the evacuation performance. In order to check the long-term effect with tritium on pump, semicontinuous tritium pumping operations were performed for a total of 350 hours within 3 months. However, no performance changes were found. After stand-alone tests, the pump was successfully demonstrated as a DT fuel vacuum and transfer pump during a TSTA loop run. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HAYASHI, T (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,2-4,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 357 EP 361 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90060-8 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300047 ER PT J AU WILLMS, RS TAYLOR, DJ ENOEDA, M OKUNO, K AF WILLMS, RS TAYLOR, DJ ENOEDA, M OKUNO, K TI PRACTICAL-SCALE TESTS OF CRYOGENIC MOLECULAR-SIEVE FOR SEPARATING LOW-CONCENTRATION HYDROGEN ISOTOPES FROM HELIUM SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Earlier bench-scale work at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory examined a number of adsorbents for their suitability for separating low-concentration hydrogen (no tritium) from helium. One of the effective adsorbents was Linde 5A molecular sieve. Recently, experiments including tritium were conducted using practical-scale adsorbers. These tests used existing cryogenic molecular sieve beds (CMSBs) which each contain about 1.6 kg of Linde 5A molecular sieve. They are part of the TSTA integrated tritium processing system. Gas was fed to each CMSB at about 13 SLPM (standard liters per minute) with a nominal composition of 99% He, 0.98% H-2 and 0.02% HT. In all cases, for an extended period of time, the beds allowed no detectable (via Raman spectroscopy) hydrogen isotopes to escape in the bed effluent. Thereafter, the hydrogen isotopes appeared in the bed exit with a relatively sharp breakthrough curve. It is concluded that cryogenic molecular sieve adsorption is a practical and effective means of separating low-concentration hydrogen isotopes from a helium carrier. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP WILLMS, RS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 386 EP 391 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00338-8 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300052 ER PT J AU SHERMAN, RH TAYLOR, DJ YAMANISHI, T ENOEDA, M KONISHI, S OKUNO, K AF SHERMAN, RH TAYLOR, DJ YAMANISHI, T ENOEDA, M KONISHI, S OKUNO, K TI THE ROLE OF SIDESTREAM RECYCLE IN HYDROGEN ISOTOPE-SEPARATION AND COLUMN CASCADE DESIGN SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Sidestream recycle combined with sidestream equilibration is important in hydrogen isotopic distillation processes because it offers a means to reduce the number of columns required for the extraction of pure homonuclear species. This directly implies simpler systems, reduced control problems, and reduced material inventories. Measurements were recently completed for a single distillation column using feed compositions (about 50:50 D:T) and product flows similar to those expected in an ITER-type device with recycle of an equilibrated sidestream withdrawn from the column. Dynamic studies were conducted with flowrates changing as might be expected for typical Tokamak operations. These experimental results are compared with computer simulations of the dynamic process. The impact of these sidestream recycle studies on the design of isotope separation systems is discussed, especially with respect to column design, tritium inventory, dynamic performance, stability, and system control. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP SHERMAN, RH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TRITIUM SYST TEST ASSEMBLY,MS-C348,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 392 EP 396 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300053 ER PT J AU WILLMS, RS WILHELM, R KONISHI, S AF WILLMS, RS WILHELM, R KONISHI, S TI PERFORMANCE OF A PALLADIUM MEMBRANE REACTOR USING AN NI CATALYST FOR FUSION FUEL IMPURITIES PROCESSING SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The palladium membrane reactor (PMR) provides a means to recover hydrogen isotopes from impurities expected to be present in fusion reactor exhaust. This recovery is based on reactions such as water-gas shift and steam reforming for which conversion is equilibrium limited. By including a selectively permeable membrane such as Pd-Ag in the catalyst bed, hydrogen isotopes can be removed from the reacting environment, thus promoting the reaction to complete conversion. Such a device has been built and operated at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This work was performed as part of the Annex IV collaboration between the US Department of Energy-TSTA and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute-Tritium Processing Laboratory. For the reactions listed above, earlier study with this unit has shown that hydrogen single-pass recoveries approaching 100% can be achieved. It was also determined that a nickel catalyst is a feasible choice for use with a PMR appropriate for fusion fuel impurities processing. The purpose of this study was to assess systematically the performance of the PMR using a nickel catalyst over a range of temperatures, feed compositions and flow rates. Reactions which were studied are the water-gas shift reaction and steam reforming. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP WILLMS, RS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 397 EP 405 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00345-8 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300054 ER PT J AU KUMAR, A ABDOU, MA BARNES, CW KUGEL, HW LOUGHLIN, MJ AF KUMAR, A ABDOU, MA BARNES, CW KUGEL, HW LOUGHLIN, MJ TI RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF ITER MATERIALS USING THE TFTR D-T NEUTRON FIELD SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID ACTIVATION SYSTEM; CALIBRATION AB The availability of high D-T fusion neutron yields at TFTR has provided a useful opportunity to measure directly D-T neutron-induced radioactivity in a realistic tokamak fusion reactor environment for materials of vital interest to ITER. These measurements are valuable for characterizing radioactivity in various ITER candidate materials, for validating complex neutron transport calculations, and for meeting fusion reactor licensing requirements. The radioactivity measurements at TFTR involve potential ITER materials including stainless steel 316, vanadium, titanium, chromium, silicon, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, zinc, zirconium, niobium, and tungsten. Small samples of these materials were irradiated close to the plasma and just outside the vacuum vessel wall of TFTR, locations of different neutron energy spectra. Saturation activities for both threshold and capture reactions were measured. Data from dosimetric reactions have been used to obtain preliminary neutron energy spectra. Spectra from the first wall were compared with calculations from ITER and with measurements from accelerator-based tests. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. JET JOINT UNDERTAKING,ABINGDON OX14 3EA,OXON,ENGLAND. RP KUMAR, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 415 EP 428 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300056 ER PT J AU KUMAR, A ABDOU, MA KUGEL, HW AF KUMAR, A ABDOU, MA KUGEL, HW TI CHARACTERIZATION OF TFTR SHIELDING PENETRATIONS OF ITER RELEVANCE IN D-T NEUTRON FIELD SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID ACTIVATION SYSTEM; CALIBRATION AB D-T phase of TFTR began with trace tritium discharges in mid-November 1993. The availability of high D-T fusion neutron yields at TFTR has provided a unique opportunity to characterize tokamak fusion reactor shielding-penetration geometries of relevance to ITER. It was undertaken to characterize neutron energy spectra near three different kinds of penetrations on walls of TFTR test cell. Thirteen foils each were irradiated on seven locations. The saturation activities have been obtained and are discussed with a view to characterizing the neutron energy spectra. Also, unfolded spectra have been utilized to estimate dose equivalents for the same locations. These types of measurements are potentially useful for validating calculational methods and meeting fusion reactor licensing requirements. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP KUMAR, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 492 EP 503 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300063 ER PT J AU KUGEL, HW ASCIONE, G ELWOOD, S GILBERT, J KU, LP LEVINE, J RULE, K AZZIZ, N GOLDHAGEN, P HAJNAL, F SHEBELL, P AF KUGEL, HW ASCIONE, G ELWOOD, S GILBERT, J KU, LP LEVINE, J RULE, K AZZIZ, N GOLDHAGEN, P HAJNAL, F SHEBELL, P TI MEASUREMENTS OF TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR D-T RADIATION SHIELDING EFFICIENCY SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Measurements of neutron and gamma dose-equivalents were performed in the test cell, at the outer test cell wall, in nearby work areas, and out to the nearest property lines at a distance of 180 m. Argon ionization chambers, moderated He-3 proportional counters, and fission chamber detectors were used to obtain measurements of neutron and gamma dose-equivalents per D-T neutron during individual tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) discharges. These measured neutron and gamma D-T dose-equivalents per TFTR neutron characterize the effects of local variations in material density resulting from the complex asymmetric site geometry. The measured dose-equivalents per TFTR D-T neutron and the cumulative neutron production were used to determine that the planned annual TFTR neutron production of 1x10(21) D-T neutrons is consistent with the design objective of limiting the total dose-equivalent at the property line, from all radiation sources and pathways, to less than 10 mrem per year. C1 US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10014. RP KUGEL, HW (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 534 EP 544 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00116-O PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300067 ER PT J AU ATTAYA, H AF ATTAYA, H TI RADIOACTIVITY COMPUTATION OF STEADY-STATE AND PULSED FUSION-REACTOR OPERATION SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID MATRIX AB Various mathematical methods are used to calculate the nuclear transmutation in steady state and pulsed neutron irradiation. These methods are the Schur decomposition, the eigenvector decomposition and the Pade approximation of the matrix exponential function. In the case of the linear decay chain approximation a simple algorithm is used to evaluate the transition matrices. RP ATTAYA, H (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 571 EP 578 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300072 ER PT J AU GOMES, IC SMITH, DL AF GOMES, IC SMITH, DL TI CHARACTERIZATION OF NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATIONS IN MATERIALS IRRADIATION TEST FACILITIES SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB This study presents a comparison of nuclear transmutation rates for candidate fusion first wall/blanket structural materials in available fission test reactors with those produced in a typical fusion spectrum. The materials analyzed in this study include a vanadium alloy (V-4Cr-4Ti), a reduced activation martensitic steel (Fe-9Cr-2WVTa), a high conductivity copper alloy (Cu-Cr-Zr), and the SiC compound. The fission irradiation facilities considered include the EBR-II (Experimental Breeder Reactor) fast reactor, and two high flux mixed spectrum reactors: HFIR (High Flux Irradiation Reactor) and SM-3 (Russian reactor). The estimated transmutation and displacement per atom (DPA) rates in these test reactors are compared with the calculated transmutation and DPA rates characteristic of a D-T fusion first wall spectrum. In general, past work has shown that the displacement damage produced in these fission reactors can be correlated to displacement damage in a fusion spectrum; however, the generation of helium and hydrogen through threshold reactions ((n,x alpha) and (n,xp)) are much higher in a fusion spectrum. As shown in this study, the compositional changes for several candidate structural materials exposed to a fast fission reactor spectrum are very low, similar to those for a characteristic fusion spectrum. However, the relatively high thermalized spectrum of a mixed spectrum reactor produces transmutation rates quite different from those predicted for a fusion reactor, resulting in substantial differences in the final composition of several candidate alloys after relatively short irradiation time. As examples, the transmutation rates of W, Ta, V, Cu, among others, differ considerably when the irradiation is performed under a mixed spectrum reactor spectrum and under a fusion first wall spectrum. The out-of-core positions in mixed spectrum reactors can be partially shielded against low energy neutrons, e.g. by hafnium, to reduce the transmutation rates, but the displacement rates at these positions are much lower than those for the core positions. Fast reactors (EBR-II) provide the only possibility for obtaining high damage rates without producing significant compositional effects in vanadium alloys, ferritic steels and copper alloys. RP GOMES, IC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 610 EP 617 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300076 ER PT J AU OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y MAEKAWA, F MAEKAWA, H YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF MATTAS, RF PORGES, KG YOUSSEF, MZ AF OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y MAEKAWA, F MAEKAWA, H YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF MATTAS, RF PORGES, KG YOUSSEF, MZ TI MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR FUSION BLANKET NEUTRONICS EXPERIMENTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LITHIUM-GLASS SCINTILLATORS; COLLABORATIVE PROGRAM AB A variety of techniques to measure the nuclear parameters, such as tritium production rate, neutron spectrum, reaction rate and gamma-ray heating, in a simulated fusion blanket assembly have been developed or introduced through the JAERI/USDOE Collaborative Program on Fusion Blanket Neutronics. The features of those techniques are summarized and discussed with the experimental error. The present measurement techniques provided data with error ranges of 3-5% for tritium production, 5-10% for the neutron spectrum, 3-6% for the activation reaction and 10-20% for the gamma-ray heating rate. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP OYAMA, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI RES ESTAB,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 716 EP 723 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00311-T PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300089 ER PT J AU GOMES, IC SMITH, DL AF GOMES, IC SMITH, DL TI NEUTRONICS OF A D-LI NEUTRON SOURCE - AN OVERVIEW SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The importance of having a high energy (14 MeV) neutron source for fusion materials testing is widely recognized. The availability of a test volume with easy accessibility, with a radiation environment similar to the one expected for a fusion reactor, and with dimensions large enough to accommodate several small samples or a small blanket mock-up are requirements impossible to meet with the existing reactors and irradiation facilities. A D-LI neutron source meets the above mentioned requirements and can be built today with well known technology. This paper describes some relevant topics related to beam target configuration, neutron flux spectrum, and nuclear responses for a D-Li neutron source. The target-beam configuration is analyzed for different beam cross-sectional areas and trade-offs between the area of the beam and related quantities such as available volume for testing, peak fluxes, and flux or nuclear responses gradient are presented. The conclusion is that the D-Li neutron source has the necessary characteristics to be the option of choice for IFMIF. RP GOMES, IC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 28 BP 724 EP 729 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU343 UT WOS:A1995QU34300090 ER PT J AU MEADE, DM AF MEADE, DM TI TFTR EXPERIENCE WITH D-T OPERATION SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID TOROIDAL ALFVEN EIGENMODES; PLASMAS; IONS AB Temperatures, densities and confinement of deuterium plasmas confined in tokamaks have been achieved within the last decade that are approaching those required for a D-T reactor. As a result, the unique phenomena present in a D-T reactor plasma (D-T plasma confinement, alpha confinement, alpha heating and possible alpha-driven instabilities) can now be studied in the laboratory. Recent experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have been the first magnetic fusion experiments to study plasmas with reactor fuel concentrations of tritium. The injection of approximate to 20 MW of tritium and 14 MW of deuterium neutral beams into the TFTR produced a plasma with a T/D density ratio of approximate to 1 and yielded a maximum fusion power of approximate to 9.2 MW. The fusion power density in the core of the plasma was approximate to 1.8 MW m(-3), approximating that expected in a D-T fusion reactor. A TFTR plasma with a TID density ratio of approximate to 1 was found to have approximate to 20% higher energy confinement time than a comparable D plasma, indicating a confinement scaling with average ion mass, A, of tau(E) approximate to A(0.6). The core ion temperature increased from 30 keV to 37 keV due to a 35% improvement in ion thermal conductivity. Using the electron thermal conductivity from a comparable deuterium plasma, about 50% of the electron temperature increase from 9 keV to 10.6 keV can be attributed to electron heating by the alpha-particles. The similar to 5% loss of alpha-particles, as observed on detectors near the bottom edge of the plasma, was consistent with classical first orbit loss without anomalous effects. Initial measurements have been made of the confined energetic alphas and the resultant alpha ash density. At fusion power levels of 7.5 MW, fluctuations at the toroidal Alfven eigenmode frequency were observed by the fluctuation diagnostics. However, no additional alpha loss due to the fluctuations was observed. These D-T experiments will continue over a broader range of parameters and higher power levels. RP MEADE, DM (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90114-0 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600003 ER PT J AU ROUX, N HOLLENBERG, G JOHNSON, C NODA, K VERRALL, R AF ROUX, N HOLLENBERG, G JOHNSON, C NODA, K VERRALL, R TI SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FOR CERAMIC BREEDER MATERIALS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID INSITU TRITIUM RELEASE; LITHIUM-BASE CERAMICS; IRRADIATION BEHAVIOR; COMPREHENSIVE MODEL; MANAGEMENT OPTIONS; LI2ZRO3 CERAMICS; MATERIALS TTTEX; OXIDE; COMPATIBILITY; LIALO2 AB Lithium-containing ceramics were quickly recognized as promising tritium breeding materials for fusion reactor blankets, particularly because of their safety advantages. Relevant material properties were investigated to evaluate further their suitability. An extensive R&D program complemented a conceptual blanket design activity either for near-term machines or for power reactors. All aspects were addressed: fabricability; overall properties (baseline, thermal, mechanical); compatibility with structures and beryllium; tritium release characteristics; irradiation behavior; activation; reprocessing; waste disposal issues. As a result of this investigation, lithium-containing ceramics are considered to be excellent tritium breeding materials. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD, CHALK RIVER, ON K0J 1J0, CANADA. RP ROUX, N (reprint author), CTR ETUD SACLAY, CEA, SACLAY, FRANCE. NR 104 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 154 EP 166 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90123-X PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600012 ER PT J AU BILLONE, MC DALLEDONNE, M MACAULAYNEWCOMBE, RG AF BILLONE, MC DALLEDONNE, M MACAULAYNEWCOMBE, RG TI STATUS OF BERYLLIUM DEVELOPMENT FOR FUSION APPLICATIONS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LIMITER AB Beryllium is a leading candidate material for the neutron multiplier of tritium breeding blankets and the plasma-facing component of first-wall and divertor systems. Depending on the application, the fabrication methods proposed include hot-pressing, hot-isostatic-pressing, cold-isostatic-pressing/sintering, rotary electrode processing and plasma spraying. Product forms include blocks, tubes, pebbles, tiles and coatings. While, in general, beryllium is not a leading structural material candidate, its mechanical performance, as well as its performance with regard to sputtering, heat transport, tritium retention/release, helium-induced swelling and chemical compatibility, is an important consideration in first-wall/blanket design. Differential expansion within the beryllium causes internal stresses which may result in cracking, thereby affecting the heat transport and barrier performance of the material. Overall deformation can result in loading of neighboring structural material. Thus, in assessing the performance of beryllium for fusion applications, it is important to have a good database in all of these performance areas, as well as a set of properties correlations and models for the purpose of interpolation/expolation. In this current work, the range of anticipated fusion operating conditions is reviewed. The thermal, mechanical, chemical compatibility, tritium retention/release, and helium retention/swelling databases are then reviewed for fabrication methods and fusion operating conditions of interest. Properties correlations and uncertainty ranges are also discussed. In the case of the more complex phenomena of tritium retention/release and helium-induced swelling, fundamental mechanisms and models are reviewed in more detail. Areas in which additional data are needed are highlighted, along with some trends which suggest ways of optimizing the performance of beryllium for fusion applications. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,INST NEUTRONENPHYS & REAKTORTECHN,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT ENGN PHYS,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4L7,CANADA. RP BILLONE, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 179 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90125-6 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600014 ER PT J AU MALANG, S MATTAS, R AF MALANG, S MATTAS, R TI COMPARISON OF LITHIUM AND THE EUTECTIC LEAD-LITHIUM ALLOY, 2 CANDIDATE LIQUID-METAL BREEDER MATERIALS FOR SELF-COOLED BLANKETS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID SAFETY AB Liquid metal blankets are attractive candidates for both near-term and long-term fusion applications. The subjects of this comparison are the differences between the two candidate liquid metal breeder materials Li and LiPb for use in breeding blankets in the areas of neutronics, magnetohydrodynamics, tritium control, compatibility with structural materials, heat extraction system, safety, and required research and development program. Both candidates appear to be promising for use in self-cooled breeding blankets which have inherent simplicity with the liquid metal serving as both breeder and coolant. Each liquid metal breeder has advantages and concerns associated with it, and further development is needed to resolve these concerns. The remaining feasibility question for both breeder materials is the electrical insulation between the liquid metal and the duct walls. Different ceramic coatings are required for the two breeders, and their crucial issues, namely self-healing of insulator cracks and tolerance to radiation-induced electrical degradation, have not yet been demonstrated. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP MALANG, S (reprint author), KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,POSTFACH 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 27 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 399 EP 406 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00139-X PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600040 ER PT J AU MAJUMDAR, S AF MAJUMDAR, S TI TRANSIENT THERMAL AND DYNAMIC STRESSES IN STRONGBACK-DESIGN BLANKETS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB Transient thermal stresses are compared for strongback-design blankets that contain stainless steel, ferritic steel, or a vanadium alloy as structural material. Transient dynamic stresses due to plasma disruptions are computed on a parametric basis. Disruption loading characteristics, for which transient effects are important, are identified. Also explored are the relative merits of supporting the blanket at the top vs. the bottom from the standpoint of dynamic stresses. RP MAJUMDAR, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 430 EP 437 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600044 ER PT J AU NATESAN, K REED, CB MATTAS, RF AF NATESAN, K REED, CB MATTAS, RF TI ASSESSMENT OF ALKALI-METAL COOLANTS FOR THE ITER BLANKET SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID VANADIUM ALLOYS; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; LITHIUM BLANKET; FUSION-REACTORS; LIQUID LITHIUM; COMPATIBILITY; ELEMENTS AB The blanket system is one of the most important components of a fusion reactor becuase it has a major impact on both the economics and safety of fusion energy. The primary functions of the blanket in a deuterium-tritium-fueled fusion reactor are to convert the fusion energy into sensible heat and to breed tritium for the fuel cycle. The Blanket Comparison and Selection Study, conducted earlier, described the overall comparative performance of various blanket concepts, including liquid metal, molten salt, water, and helium. This paper discusses the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor requirements for a self-cooled blanket that uses liquid Li and for indirectly cooled blankets that use other alkali metals such as NaK. The paper addresses the thermodynamics of interactions between the liquid metals (e.g. Li and NaK) and structural materials (e.g. V-base alloys), together with associated corrosion and compatibility issues. Available experimental data are used to assess the long-term performance of the first wall in a liquid metal environment. Other key issues include development of electrically insulating coatings for the first-wall structural material to minimize magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop, and tritium permeation and inventory in self-cooled and indirectly cooled blankets. Acceptable types of coating (based on their chemical compatibility and physical properties) are identified, and surface modifications to achieve these coatings on the first wall are discussed. The assessment examines the extent of our knowledge on the performance of structural materials in liquid metals and identifies needed research and development in several areas to establish performance envelopes for the first wall in a liquid metal environment. RP NATESAN, K (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 457 EP 466 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600048 ER PT J AU KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB BARLEON, L MIYAZAKI, K AF KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB BARLEON, L MIYAZAKI, K TI PRESENT UNDERSTANDING OF MHD AND HEAT-TRANSFER PHENOMENA FOR LIQUID-METAL BLANKETS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC-FIELD; WALL COOLANT CHANNELS; SELF-COOLED BLANKETS; RECTANGULAR DUCTS; PRESSURE-DROP; FLOW AB A review of experimental work on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and heat transfer (HT) characteristics of liquid metal flows in fusion relevant conditions is presented. Experimental data on MHD flow pressure drop in straight channels of round and rectangular cross-section with electroconducting walls in a transverse magnetic field show good agreement with theoretical predictions, and simple engineering formulas are confirmed. Less data are available on velocity distribution and HT characteristics, and even less data are available for channels with electroinsulating walls or artificially made self-healing electroinsulating coatings. Some experiments show an interesting phenomena of HT increase in the presence of a transverse or axial magnetic field. For channels of complex geometry - expansions, contractions, bends, and manifolds - few experimental data are available. Future efforts should be directed toward investigation of MHD/HT in straight channels with perfect and nonperfect electroinsulated walls, including walls with controlled imperfections, and in channels of complex geometry. International cooperation in manufacturing and operating experimental facilities with magnetic fields at, or even higher than, 5-7 T with comparatively large volumes may be of great help. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,IATF,W-7500 KARLSRUHE 1,GERMANY. OSAKA UNIV,FAC ENGN,DEPT NUCL ENGN,SUITA,OSAKA 5650,JAPAN. RP KIRILLOV, IR (reprint author), DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS,ST PETERSBURG 189631,RUSSIA. NR 45 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 553 EP 569 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(94)00357-D PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600060 ER PT J AU MALANG, S BORGSTEDT, HU FARNUM, EH NATESAN, K VITKOVSKI, IV AF MALANG, S BORGSTEDT, HU FARNUM, EH NATESAN, K VITKOVSKI, IV TI DEVELOPMENT OF INSULATING COATINGS FOR LIQUID-METAL BLANKETS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID RADIATION-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; ENHANCED ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; CERAMIC INSULATORS; FUSION INSULATORS; IRRADIATION; AL2O3; REDUCTION; REACTOR AB It is shown that self-cooled liquid metal blankets in tokamaks with high magnetic fields are feasible only with electrically insulating coatings at the duct walls. The requirements for the insulation properties are estimated icy simple analytical models. Candidate insulator materials are selected, based on their insulating properties and thermodynamic considerations. Different fabrication technologies for insulating coatings are described. The status of the knowledge on the most crucial feasibility issue, i.e. the degradation of the resistivity under irradiation, is reviewed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. EFREMOV INST, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAM MACHINES LAB, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. NR 45 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 EI 1873-7196 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 570 EP 586 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90172-8 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600061 ER PT J AU EVTUSHENKO, IA HUA, TQ KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB SIDORENKOV, SS AF EVTUSHENKO, IA HUA, TQ KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB SIDORENKOV, SS TI THE EFFECT OF A MAGNETIC-FIELD ON HEAT-TRANSFER IN A SLOTTED CHANNEL SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB The results of numerical and experimental studies of liquid metal heat transfer in slotted channels in a transverse magnetic field are presented. Test results showed an improvement in heat transfer in a straight channel at low and moderate interaction parameter N. The Nusselt number at small N (around 120) was up to twofold higher than in turbulent flow without a magnetic field, the Peclet number being equal. This effect of heat transfer enhancement is caused by the generation and development of large-scale velocity fluctuations close to the heated wall area. Qualitative and quantitative correlations between heat transfer and velocity fluctuation characteristics are presented. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP EVTUSHENKO, IA (reprint author), DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS,ST PETERSBURG 189631,RUSSIA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 587 EP 592 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90173-6 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600062 ER PT J AU REED, CB NATESAN, K HUA, TQ KIRILLOV, IR VITKOVSKI, IV ANISIMOV, AM AF REED, CB NATESAN, K HUA, TQ KIRILLOV, IR VITKOVSKI, IV ANISIMOV, AM TI EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL MHD PERFORMANCE OF A ROUND PIPE WITH AN NAK-COMPATIBLE AL2O3 COATING SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB A key feasibility issue for the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) vanadium/lithium breeding blanket is the question of insulator coatings. Design calculations show that an electrically insulating layer is necessary to maintain an acceptably low magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop. To begin experimental investigations of the MHD performance of candidate insulator materials and the technology for putting them in place, a new test section was prepared. Aluminum oxide was chosen as the first candidate insulating material because it may be used in combination with NaK in the ITER vacuum vessel and/or the divertor and MHD performance tests could begin early in Argonne's liquid metal experiment (ALEX) because NaK was already the working fluid in use. Details on the methods used to produce the aluminum oxide layer, as well as the microstructures of the coating and the aluminide sublayer, are presented and discussed. The overall MHD pressure drop, local MHD pressure gradient, local transverse MHD pressure difference and surface voltage distributions in both the circumferential and axial directions are reported and discussed. The overall MHD pressure drop, measured at 30 and 85 degrees C, was higher than the perfectly insulating case, but many times lower than the bare-wall case. It was demonstrated that the increase in MHD pressure drop above the theoretical values is largely due to the presence of instrumentation penetrations in the test section walls, which provide current paths from the fluid to the walls of the pipe, resulting in local areas of near-bare-wall MHD pressure drop. C1 DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTRPHYS APPARATUS,MAGNETOHYDRODYNAM MACHINES LAB,ST PETERSBURG 189631,RUSSIA. RP REED, CB (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 614 EP 626 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90176-0 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600065 ER PT J AU EVTUSHENKO, IA KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB AF EVTUSHENKO, IA KIRILLOV, IR REED, CB TI MHD-FLOW IN SLOTTED CHANNELS WITH CONDUCTING WALLS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB A review of experimental results is presented for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in rectangular channels with conducting walls and high aspect ratios (longer side parallel to the applied magnetic field), which are called slotted channels. The slotted channel concept was conceived at Efremov Institute as a method for reducing MHD pressure drop in liquid metal cooled blanket design. The experiments conducted by the authors were aimed at studying both fully developed MHD-flow, and the effect of a magnetic field on the hydrodynamics of 3-D flows in slotted channels. Tests were carried out on five models of the slotted geometry. A good agreement between test and theoretical results for the pressure drop in slotted channels was demonstrated. Application of a ''one-electrode movable probe'' for velocity measurement permitted measurement of the M-shape velocity profiles in the slotted channels. Suppression of 3-D inertial effects in slotted channels of complex geometry was demonstrated based on potential distribution data. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CHICAGO,IL 60439. RP EVTUSHENKO, IA (reprint author), DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS,ST PETERSBURG 189631,RUSSIA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 627 EP 633 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600066 ER PT J AU PARK, JH DOMENICO, T DRAGEL, G CLARK, R AF PARK, JH DOMENICO, T DRAGEL, G CLARK, R TI DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL INSULATOR COATINGS FOR FUSION POWER APPLICATIONS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB In the design of liquid-metal cooling systems for fusion blanket applications, the corrosion resistance of structural materials and the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) force and its subsequent influence on thermal hydraulics and corrosion are major concerns. The objective of this study was to develop stable corrosion-resistant electrical insulator coatings at the liquid-metal-structural-material interface, with emphasis on electrically insulating coatings that prevent adverse MHD-generated currents from passing through the structural walls. Vanadium and V-base alloys (V-Ti or V-Ti-Cr) are leading candidate materials for structural applications in fusion reactors. When the system is cooled by liquid metals, insulator coatings are required on piping surfaces in contact with the coolant. Various intermetallic films were produced on V, V-5Ti, and V-20Ti, V-5Cr-5Ti, and V-15Cr-5Ti, and Ti, and on types 304 and 316 stainless steel. The intermetallic layers were developed by exposure of the materials to liquid Li containing 3-5 at.% dissolved metallic solute (e.g. Al, Be, Mg, Si, Ca, Pt, and Cr) at temperatures of 416-880 degrees C. Subsequently, electrical insulator coatings were produced by reaction of the reactive layers with dissolved N in liquid Li or by air oxidation under controlled conditions at 600-1000 degrees C. These reactions converted the intermetallic layers to electrically insulating oxide-nitride or oxynitride layers. This coating method is applicable to reactor components. The liquid metal can be used over and over because only the solutes are consumed within the liquid metal. The technique can be applied to various shapes (e.g. inside or outside of tubes, complex geometrical shapes) because the coating is formed by liquid-phase reaction. This paper discusses initial results on the nature of the coatings (composition, thickness, adhesion, surface coverage) and their in situ electrical resistivity characteristics in liquid Li at high temperatures. RP PARK, JH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 682 EP 695 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90184-1 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600073 ER PT J AU HUA, TQ GOHAR, Y AF HUA, TQ GOHAR, Y TI MHD PRESSURE DROPS AND THERMAL-HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS FOR THE ITER BREEDING BLANKET DESIGN SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID METAL-COOLED BLANKETS; DUCTS; FLOW AB The breeding blanket design of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a self-cooled liquid lithium system with a vanadium structure. Electrical insulation of the coolant channel surfaces from the liquid metal is required to reduce the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure to less than 1 MPa. Insulation is provided by AIN coating at the channel surfaces in contact with lithium. MHD pressure drop and thermal hydraulic analysis of the blanket design is carried out subject to pressure, temperature, and stress considerations. Design windows relating the lithium flow velocity, MHD pressure, and structural temperature are formulated. The requirements of the insulator coating and characterization of the coating effectiveness are presented. Effects on the MHD pressure drop due to uniform cracks through the coating layer is also analyzed. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP HUA, TQ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 9 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 696 EP 702 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90185-X PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600074 ER PT J AU HUA, TQ WALKER, JS AF HUA, TQ WALKER, JS TI MHD FLOW IN RECTANGULAR DUCTS WITH INCLINED NONUNIFORM TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC-FIELD SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES ID LIQUID-METAL FLOW AB This paper examines the three-dimensional liquid metal MHD flow in rectangular ducts with thin conducting walls and with an inclined non-uniform transverse magnetic field. The Hartmann number and interaction parameter are assumed to be large and the magnetic Reynolds number is assumed to be small. Under these assumptions, viscous and inertial effects are confined to thin boundary layers adjacent to the walls. Outside these layers, the governing equations are significantly simplified. For validation of the numerical solutions, exact analytical solutions are derived for the case of a rectangular duct of equal wall thickness and with a uniform magnetic field. Comparisons of the exact analytical and numerical solutions give excellent agreement. Variation of the fully developed flow pressure gradient with the wall conductance ratio, aspect ratio, and magnetic angle is discussed. Numerical solutions are presented for flow in the varying held region where the flow is perturbed due to three-dimensional effects. The three-dimensional pressure drop, i.e. in excess of the locally fully developed pressure, is presented and its implication to a fusion blanket is discussed. The velocity distributions are also presented. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH & IND ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. RP HUA, TQ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 703 EP 710 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600075 ER PT J AU SIDORENKOV, SI HUA, TQ ARASEKI, H AF SIDORENKOV, SI HUA, TQ ARASEKI, H TI MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AND HEAT-TRANSFER BENCHMARK PROBLEMS FOR LIQUID-METAL FLOW IN RECTANGULAR DUCTS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES AB This paper describes four benchmark problems to validate magnetohydrodynamic and heat transfer computer codes. The problems include rectangular duct geometry with uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields, with and without surface heat flux, and various rectangular cross-sections. Two of the problems are based on experiments. Participants in this benchmarking activity come from three countries: Russia, USA and Japan. The solution methods to the problems are described. Results from the different computer codes are presented and compared. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ELECT POWER IND,CENT RES INST,ABIKO,CHIBA 27011,JAPAN. RP SIDORENKOV, SI (reprint author), DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS,ST PETERSBURG,RUSSIA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 BP 711 EP 718 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(95)90187-6 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU006 UT WOS:A1995QU00600076 ER PT J AU BAKER, JD MEIKRANTZ, DH PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG AF BAKER, JD MEIKRANTZ, DH PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG TI TRITIUM PURIFICATION VIA ZIRCONIUM-MANGANESE-IRON ALLOY GETTER ST-909 IN FLOW PROCESSES SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Tritium for Fusion Reactors CY SEP 06-14, 1993 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNR, ENEA, FRASCATI, ITALY, PROV COMO AUTHORITY, BALZER A G, LEYBOLD S P A, TECHNOSCIENCE ID STORAGE; CLEANUP AB A zirconium-manganese-iron alloy, St 909, was evaluated as a purifier in tritium handling, transport, and storage applications. High efficiency removal of CH4, CO, CO2, NH3, and O-2 was observed at concentrations of 0.1 to 1% in helium. Gas streams at 100 to 5000 seem were passed through getters operated at 600-800 degrees C. On-getter residence times of two seconds were required to achieve >99% removal of these reactive impurities. At this removal efficiency level, the individual impurity capacity of 100 g of St 909 purifier at 800 degrees C was 0.59, 0.28, 0.19, 0.14 and 0.12 moles of CH4, CO, CO2, O-2 and NH3, respectively. Hydrogen containing gasses; CH4 and NH3; were cracked on the purifier and the resultant elemental hydrogen was released. Only 8 +/- 2 scc of H-2 were retained on 100 g of St 909 at 800 degrees C. These features suggest that this alloy can be employed as an efficient purifier for hydrogen isotopes in inert gas, nitrogen, or perhaps even H, D, or T streams. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP BAKER, JD (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2T BP 8 EP 13 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV296 UT WOS:A1995QV29600004 ER PT J AU MEIKRANTZ, DH BAKER, JD BOURNE, GL PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG MALTRUD, HR AF MEIKRANTZ, DH BAKER, JD BOURNE, GL PAWELKO, RJ ANDERL, RA TUGGLE, DG MALTRUD, HR TI TRITIUM PROCESS APPLICATIONS USING SAES GETTERS FOR PURIFICATION AND COLLECTION FROM INERT-GAS STREAMS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Tritium for Fusion Reactors CY SEP 06-14, 1993 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNR, ENEA, FRASCATI, ITALY, PROV COMO AUTHORITY, BALZER A G, LEYBOLD S P A, TECHNOSCIENCE ID CLEANUP SYSTEM; METAL GETTERS; HYDROGEN; STORAGE AB A zirconium alloy getter-based tritium monitoring and collection system has been designed, built, and subsequently operated for three years at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The system is automated to provide separation of tritium from Ar-41, collection of tritium on an hourly basis, unloading of getters for on-line tritium measurement via an ion chamber, and recollection of tritium on removable getters for daily assay in the laboratory. Three different SAES Getters alloys are employed to purify the gas stream (St 909), and separate the tritium from Ar-41 and collect the tritium for measurement (St 727 and St 707). This system has demonstrated on-line tritium measurements as low as 20 mu Ci per sample with typical decontamination factors from Ar-41 of 10(7). In addition, laboratory studies aimed at the recovery of tritium from graphitic targets have demonstrated further process applications for these getters. Prototypical gas cooled reactor targets, containing encapsulated Li-6, were irradiated at the Advanced Test Reactor at this laboratory. Samples were then heated to high temperatures to allow diffusive release of the tritium into a flowing helium stream. St 909 purifier and St 727 collector getters have been employed to demonstrate an efficient tritium recovery process. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP MEIKRANTZ, DH (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2T BP 14 EP 18 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV296 UT WOS:A1995QV29600005 ER PT J AU HEUNG, LK AF HEUNG, LK TI DEVELOPMENTS IN TRITIUM STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION AT THE SAVANNA RIVER SITE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Tritium for Fusion Reactors CY SEP 06-14, 1993 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNR, ENEA, FRASCATI, ITALY, PROV COMO AUTHORITY, BALZER A G, LEYBOLD S P A, TECHNOSCIENCE ID SEPARATION AB A program to develop metal hydride applications to improve the tritium processing capability at the Savannah River Site was initiated about 10 years ago. A number of applications from tritium storage to purification have been developed and implemented in both new and existing tritium facilities. In the tritium storage and transport area, hydride beds with capacities from a fraction of a gram to several hundred grams have been developed. This paper presents our experiences gained in developing these beds. RP HEUNG, LK (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,773-A,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2T BP 85 EP 90 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV296 UT WOS:A1995QV29600016 ER PT J AU LEE, MW AF LEE, MW TI HYDROGEN ISOTOPE-SEPARATION EXPERIENCE AT THE SAVANNA RIVER SITE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Tritium for Fusion Reactors CY SEP 06-14, 1993 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNR, ENEA, FRASCATI, ITALY, PROV COMO AUTHORITY, BALZER A G, LEYBOLD S P A, TECHNOSCIENCE AB Savannah River has designed and safely operated numerous tritium processes and facilities. One of the key unit operations at the Site is the separation of hydrogen isotopes. Processes used are thermal diffusion, batch cryogenic distillation, and batch chromatography. Recently, a new isotope separation process was developed at Savannah River: the Thermal Cycling Absorption Process (TCAP) which is a continuous chromatographic separation technique using metal hydrides as packing materials. TCAP has been chosen as the hydrogen isotope separation process for a new tritium handling facility at Savannah River, the Replacement Tritium Facility. RP LEE, MW (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,POB 616,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2T BP 95 EP 97 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV296 UT WOS:A1995QV29600018 ER PT J AU HOREN, AS MOTYKA, T MONTINI, MJ HASHINGER, RF AF HOREN, AS MOTYKA, T MONTINI, MJ HASHINGER, RF TI LESSONS LEARNED DURING STARTUP OF THE REPLACEMENT TRITIUM FACILITY AT THE SAVANNA RIVER SITE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Tritium for Fusion Reactors CY SEP 06-14, 1993 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNR, ENEA, FRASCATI, ITALY, PROV COMO AUTHORITY, BALZER A G, LEYBOLD S P A, TECHNOSCIENCE AB Tritium processing operations have been performed at the Savannah River Site since 1955. It was determined in the early 1980's that new tritium facilities were required in order to meet increasingly stringent safety and environmental requirements while maintaining productivity. Construction of a new tritium handling facility, the Replacement Tritium Facility (RTF), began in 1987. The RTF incorporates the latest technology and design philosophy to mitigate accident consequences, enhance operational safety, minimize tritium losses to the environment, and ensure material safeguards and security. The RTF is currently completing startup testing. RP HOREN, AS (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,POB 616,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2T BP 104 EP 109 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QV296 UT WOS:A1995QV29600020 ER PT J AU KRAKOWSKI, RA AF KRAKOWSKI, RA TI SIMPLIFIED FUSION POWER-PLANT COSTING - A GENERAL PROGNOSIS AND CALL FOR NEW THINK SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAGNETIC FUSION ENERGY; FUSION COSTING ECONOMICS; SYSTEMS STUDIES ID REACTOR; PROGRESS AB A top-level costing model is developed and used to project the cost of electricity (COE) (in mills per kilowatt-hour) expected from conceptual fusion power plants. Application is restricted to magnetic fusion energy (MFE) concepts. These costs are estimated parametrically in terms of the mass of the fusion-power-core (FPC) heater, the power required to sustain a reacting deuterium-tritium plasma, the heat transport/transfer system that delivers the fusion power to the balance of plant (BOP), and the BOP needed to convert the fusion heat to electrical power. Although the highly integrated (simplified) cost-estimating relationships (CERs) used to express COE in terms of FPC mass power density (MPD) [in kilowatt(electric) per tonne] and the engineering gain Q(E) (inverse of fraction of gross electric power recirculated to the fusion power plant) apply primarily to MFE approaches to fusion power, the costing gauge that results is generally independent of confinement scheme. Unlike other analyses, the approach used here does not require a plasma model for evaluation; this costing gauge simply evaluates a financial model that expresses the COE (or unit direct cost [in dollars per watt(electric)]) in terms of MPD, Q(E), and a minimum number of top-level (e.g., highly integrated) unit costs or CERs. The nonlinear scalings and connectivities between physics, engineering, and financial models (including credits for unique safety features and licensing advantages) must be determined by appropriate (generic or concept-specific) systems models. Results from concept-specific studies are used to assess the practicality of achieving the required combination of physics and engineering needed to assure competitive COEs vis-a-vis appropriate combinations of MPD and Q(E) for the unit costs and CERs used. Although highly simplified and intended primarily to provide an easily used economic gauge for MFE power plants, a comparison of the predictions of this gauge with the results of modern, detailed, and cost-optimized studies of a number of MFE approaches indicates the need for change in the direction of the current fusion program and the thinking that is maintaining that direction. Improved economic and operational prospects for MFE can be expressed in terms of lineage that begins with higher MPD tokamak configurations embodied in the second-stability and spherical torus regimes and moves toward configurations with increased poloidal field domination, reduced externally generated magnetic fields, and further increases in MPD. This increase, however, must be attained while maintaining both a safe and environmentally attractive configuration and economic Q(E) values. Although scientific progress along a linear extension of the current tokamak database is warranted and necessary, this progress should not occur at the expense of ideas that might lead to an economically and environmentally attractive MFE power source that would eventually be pulled into the energy market because of significant cost differentials rather than being pushed into that market by technology advances that may not be recognized as leading to a power plant that is either attractive or needed. RP KRAKOWSKI, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 135 EP 151 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QH629 UT WOS:A1995QH62900005 ER PT J AU KEANE, JA GRANT, AJ XU, MQ AF KEANE, JA GRANT, AJ XU, MQ TI COMPARING DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY AND VIRTUAL SHARED-MEMORY PARALLEL PROGRAMMING-MODELS SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GRID COMPUTING AND ESCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SHARED MEMORY; DISTRIBUTED MEMORY; PROGRAMMING CONVENIENCE; SCALABILITY FACTORS; VIRTUAL SHARED MEMORY AB The virtues of the shared memory and distributed memory parallel programming models have been much debated. Conventionally the debate could be reduced to programming convenience on the one hand, and high scalability factors on the other. More recently the debate has become somewhat blurred with the provision of virtual shared memory models built on machines with physically distributed memory. The intension of such models/machines is to provide scalable shared memory, i.e. to provide both programmer convenience and high scalability. In this paper, the different models are considered from experiences gained with a number of systems ranging from applications in both commerce and science to languages and operating systems. Case studies are introduced as appropriate. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER, MANCHESTER COMP CTR, MANCHESTER, LANCS, ENGLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MATH & COMP SCI, ARGONNE, IL USA. RP KEANE, JA (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER, INST SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT COMPUTAT, MANCHESTER M60 1QD, LANCS, ENGLAND. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-739X EI 1872-7115 J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 2 BP 233 EP 243 DI 10.1016/0167-739X(94)00065-M PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA QV937 UT WOS:A1995QV93700015 ER PT J AU HUGHES, D SIMPSON, L AF HUGHES, D SIMPSON, L TI THE ROLE OF SOCIAL-CHANGE IN PREVENTING LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT SO FUTURE OF CHILDREN LA English DT Review ID INFANT-MORTALITY; PRENATAL-CARE; UNITED-STATES; CHILD HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; WOMEN; PROGRAMS; MEDICAID; BLACKS AB The authors of this article examine the relationship between social factors and low birth weight and the ways in which disparities in socioeconomic status have been addressed over time. The evidence regarding the effectiveness of various efforts to influence birth weight by mitigating the consequences of disadvantage are also assessed. Low socioeconomic status has been shown to influence low birth weight through its various correlates. Historically and today, most programs and policies directed at low birth weight prevention attempt to address the individual health consequences of economic and social disadvantage. By and large, these efforts have produced mixed results. Efforts to affect low birth weight by addressing the underlying causes of social and economic disadvantage have been similarly inconclusive, reflecting the paucity of research on the subject, as well as the historical and ongoing failure to make the research link between health and social policy. The authors argue that reducing persistent disparities in low birth weight requires several steps, including embracing a broader definition of health which incorporates social dimensions, recasting the focus of research and interventions from pregnancy outcomes and infant health exclusively to include the notion of women's health more globally, expanding the research agenda to unravel the paradox of socioeconomic factors and health, and pursuing a dedicated, national commitment to assuring adequate support to individuals and families, including both adequate income and health care. C1 US DOE,AGCY HLTH CARE POLICY & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP HUGHES, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,INST HLTH POLICY STUDIES,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA. NR 101 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 6 PU CENTER FUTURE CHILDREN, DAVID LUCILE PACKARD FOUNDATION PI LOS ALTOS PA 300 SECOND ST, STE 102, LOS ALTOS, CA 94022 SN 1054-8289 J9 FUTURE CHILD JI Future Child. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 87 EP 102 DI 10.2307/1602509 PG 16 WC Family Studies; Health Policy & Services; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Family Studies; Health Care Sciences & Services; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA RP312 UT WOS:A1995RP31200007 PM 7633870 ER PT J AU RIBBONS, KA ZHANG, XJ THOMPSON, JH GREENBERG, SS MOORE, WM KORNMEIER, CM CURRIE, MG LERCHE, N BLANCHARD, J CLARK, DA MILLER, MJS AF RIBBONS, KA ZHANG, XJ THOMPSON, JH GREENBERG, SS MOORE, WM KORNMEIER, CM CURRIE, MG LERCHE, N BLANCHARD, J CLARK, DA MILLER, MJS TI POTENTIAL ROLE OF NITRIC-OXIDE IN A MODEL OF CHRONIC COLITIS IN RHESUS MACAQUES SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; SYNTHASE; INHIBITION; ARTHRITIS AB Background/Aims: Excess nitric oxide formation, via the inducible NO synthase isoform, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental and clinical inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to assess the site, enzyme source, and magnitude of NO production in juvenile rhesus macaques with idiopathic colitis. Methods: NO production was assessed systemically from plasma and urine levels of reactive nitrogen intermediates and locally by the formation of [H-3]citrulline from [H-3]arginine and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase histochemistry. Inducible NO synthase gene expression was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: Plasma and urine levels of reactive nitrogen intermediates were greater in colitic animals than in control monkeys by 13- and 5-fold, respectively. NADPH diaphorase activity in normal animals was confined to the myenteric plexus. In colitis, staining was also apparent in crypt abscesses and superficial epithelial and mucosal bands. Gene expression for inducible NO synthase was only found in colitic specimens. Colonic [H-3]citrulline formation was markedly elevated in colitic specimens, and the inducible isoform accounted for 58% of total activity. Conclusions: It is proposed that excess NO, formed via the inducible form of NO synthase, contributes to the mucosal inflammation and symptoms of this idiopathic colitis model. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. SEARLE MONSANTO,ST LOUIS,MO. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CALIF REG PRIMATE RES CTR,DAVIS,CA 95616. TULANE REG PRIMATE RES CTR,COVINGTON,LA. NR 21 TC 102 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAR PY 1995 VL 108 IS 3 BP 705 EP 711 DI 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90442-5 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QK572 UT WOS:A1995QK57200011 PM 7533111 ER PT J AU BRUNO, WJ KNILL, E BALDING, DJ BRUCE, DC DOGGETT, NA SAWHILL, WW STALLINGS, RL WHITTAKER, CC TORNEY, DC AF BRUNO, WJ KNILL, E BALDING, DJ BRUCE, DC DOGGETT, NA SAWHILL, WW STALLINGS, RL WHITTAKER, CC TORNEY, DC TI EFFICIENT POOLING DESIGNS FOR LIBRARY SCREENING SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL-CHROMOSOME LIBRARIES; HUMAN GENOME; STRATEGY AB We describe efficient methods for screening clone libraries, based on pooling schemes that we call ''random k-sets designs.'' In these designs, the pools in which any clone occurs are equally likely to be any possible selection of k from the v pools. The values of k and v can be chosen to optimize desirable properties. Random k-sets designs have substantial advantages over alternative pooling schemes: they are efficient, flexible, and easy to specify, require fewer pools, and have error-correcting and error-detecting capabilities. In addition, screening can often be achieved in only one pass, thus facilitating automation. For design comparison, we assume a binomial distribution for the number of ''positive'' clones, with parameters n, the number of clones, and c, the coverage. We propose the expected number of resolved positive clones-clones that are definitely positive based upon the pool assays-as a criterion for the efficiency of a pooling design. We determine the value of k that is optimal, with respect to this criterion, as a function of v, It, and c. We also describe superior h-sets designs called k-sets packing designs. As an illustration, we discuss a robotically implemented design for a 2.5-fold-coverage, human chromosome 16 YAC library of n = 1298 clones. We also estimate the probability that each clone is positive, given the pool-assay data and a model for experimental errors. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV COMP INFORMAT & COMMUN,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,SCH MATH SCI,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT HUMAN GENET,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. RI Balding, David/G-9898-2011; Stallings, Raymond/A-7213-2008 OI Balding, David/0000-0002-1480-6115; NR 23 TC 89 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80078-Z PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QN568 UT WOS:A1995QN56800003 PM 7782082 ER PT J AU STOKKE, T COLLINS, C KUO, WL KOWBEL, D SHADRAVAN, F TANNER, M KALLIONIEMI, A KALLIONIEMI, OP PINKEL, D DEAVEN, L GRAY, JW AF STOKKE, T COLLINS, C KUO, WL KOWBEL, D SHADRAVAN, F TANNER, M KALLIONIEMI, A KALLIONIEMI, OP PINKEL, D DEAVEN, L GRAY, JW TI A PHYSICAL MAP OF CHROMOSOME-20 ESTABLISHED USING FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION AND DIGITAL IMAGE-ANALYSIS SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID DNA AB The physical locations of 46 cosmid clones and 21 P1 clones were determined along the chromosome 20 axis relative to the p terminus (FLpter) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and digital image microscopy. The cosmid clones were selected from the chromosomally enriched library LA20NC01. Nine P1 clones were selected from a pooled DuPont genomic library using PCR with primer pairs selected to amplify genetically mapped sequence-tagged sites. This information was used to relate the physical map to the genetic map. Twelve pi clone;: were selected from the same library using PCR primer pairs that amplified known genes. Two of these, E2F and BCLX, had not been mapped previously. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,DIV MOLEC CYTOMETRY,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TAMPERE UNIV HOSP,TAMPERE,FINLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RI Kallioniemi, Olli/H-5111-2011; Kallioniemi, Olli/H-4738-2012; OI Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Kallioniemi, Anne/0000-0003-3552-8158 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 58207] NR 14 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80092-Z PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QN568 UT WOS:A1995QN56800017 PM 7782072 ER PT J AU MCCURLEY, RS RECINOS, A OLSEN, AS GINGRICH, JC SZCZEPANIAK, D CAMERON, HS KRAUSS, R WESTON, BW AF MCCURLEY, RS RECINOS, A OLSEN, AS GINGRICH, JC SZCZEPANIAK, D CAMERON, HS KRAUSS, R WESTON, BW TI PHYSICAL MAPS OF HUMAN ALPHA(1,3)FUCOSYLTRANSFERASE GENES FUT3-FUTG ON CHROMOSOMES 19P13.3 AND 11Q21 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID DETERMINES EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CELL-ADHESION; LEWIS-X; DNA; FRAGMENTS; EPITOPES; ANTIGEN AB Sialyl Lewis x and related fucosylated glycans are differentially expressed in human cells and form ligands for selectin adhesion receptors. alpha(1,3)Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) that complete their biosynthesis also show tissue specificity. We have established physical maps of the FUT3-6 loci to study regulation of this gene family. FUT4 has previously been localized to chromosome 11q21; FUT3, FUT6, and now FUT5 are localized to chromosome 19p13.3. Conventional and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis mapping of total genomic DNA and large genomic clones were used to generate a fine map of both loci, defining the order, orientation, and distances between FUTs. A P1 clone with all three 19p FUT genes in tandem orientation was isolated and used to study regions flanking FUT3, -5, and -6. Our studies provide preliminary information to study regulation of human FUT genes. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV HEMATOL & ONCOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV N CAROLINA,LINEBERGER COMPREHENS CANC CTR,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA01758]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL18574] NR 21 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1 BP 142 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80094-3 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QN568 UT WOS:A1995QN56800019 PM 7782074 ER PT J AU GOODFRIEND, GA KASHGARIAN, M HARASEWYCH, MG AF GOODFRIEND, GA KASHGARIAN, M HARASEWYCH, MG TI USE OF ASPARTIC-ACID RACEMIZATION AND POST-BOMB C-14 TO RECONSTRUCT GROWTH-RATE AND LONGEVITY OF THE DEEP-WATER SLIT SHELL ENTEMNOTROCHUS-ADANSONIANUS SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ISOLEUCINE EPIMERIZATION; MOLLUSK SHELLS; NAUTILUS; FOSSIL; CLAM; RADIOCARBON; PROFILES; RATIOS; CORALS AB Slit shells are living fossils which inhabit the continental slope. Aspartic acid racemization in the nacreous layer of the slit shell Entemnotrochus adansonianus is shown to occur at a remarkably high rate, sufficient to provide annual resolution of the ages of samples taken along the growth spiral of the shells, thus providing information on growth rates and longevity. Calibration of the racemization rate was obtained by C-14 analysis of a post-bomb specimen. The form of the racemization curve was determined by a heating experiment at 60-degrees-C; a cubic transformation of the D/L values was found to be linear with respect to time. In three specimens in which a detailed series of samples was analyzed, juvenile growth was found to be very rapid and adult growth 1-2 orders of magnitude slower; adulthood is reached in 2-4 years. Analysis of lip and apical samples of additional shells (total n = 9) shows that individuals reaching adulthood have life spans averaging six years (maximum: 14 yr). The life histories of these deep-water gastropods are thus similar to littoral taxa. Analysis of the prismatic layer shows that this racemizes at a much slower rate than the nacreous layer. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECT,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,DEPT INVERTEBRATE ZOOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP GOODFRIEND, GA (reprint author), CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,GEOPHYS LAB,5251 BROAD BRANCH RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20015, USA. RI Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011 OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAR PY 1995 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1125 EP 1129 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00029-Y PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QP130 UT WOS:A1995QP13000009 ER PT J AU HORITA, J COLE, DR WESOLOWSKI, DJ AF HORITA, J COLE, DR WESOLOWSKI, DJ TI THE ACTIVITY COMPOSITION RELATIONSHIP OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN ISOTOPES IN AQUEOUS SALT-SOLUTIONS .3. VAPOR LIQUID WATER EQUILIBRATION OF NACL SOLUTIONS TO 350-DEGREES-C SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID FRACTIONATION; O-18; 100-DEGREES-C; TEMPERATURES AB The effect of dissolved NaCl on equilibrium oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation factors between liquid water and water vapor was precisely determined in the temperature range from 130-350-degrees-C, using two different types of apparatus with static or dynamic sampling techniques of the vapor phase. The magnitude of the oxygen and hydrogen isotope effects of NaCl is proportional to the molality of liquid NaCl solutions at a given temperature. Dissolved NaCl lowers appreciably the hydrogen isotope fractionation factor between liquid water and water vapor over the entire temperature range. NaCl has little effect on the oxygen isotope fractionation factor at temperatures below about 200-degrees-C, with the magnitude of the salt effect gradually increasing from 200-350-degrees-C. Our results are at notable variance with those of Truesdell (1974) and Kazahaya (1986), who reported large oxygen and hydrogen isotope effects of NaCl with very complex dependencies on temperature and NaCl molality. Our high-temperature results have been regressed along with our previous results between 50 and 100-degrees-C (Horita et al., 1993a) and the low-temperature literature data to simple equations which are valid for NaCl solutions from 0 to at least 5 molal NaCl in the temperature range from 10-350-degrees-C. Our preliminary results of oxygen isotope fractionation in the system CaCO3-water +/- NaCl at 300-degrees-C and 1 kbar are consistent with those obtained from the liquid-vapor equilibration experiments, suggesting that the isotope salt effects are common to systems involving brines and any other coexisting phases or species (gases, minerals, dissolved species, etc.). The observed NaCl isotope effects at elevated temperatures should be taken into account in the interpretation of isotopic data of brine-dominated natural systems. RP HORITA, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAR PY 1995 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1151 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00031-T PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QP130 UT WOS:A1995QP13000011 ER PT J AU GRITTO, R KORNEEV, VA JOHNSON, LR AF GRITTO, R KORNEEV, VA JOHNSON, LR TI LOW-FREQUENCY ELASTIC-WAVE SCATTERING BY AN INCLUSION - LIMITS OF APPLICATIONS SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE ELASTIC WAVES; RAYLEIGH-BORN APPROXIMATION; RAYLEIGH LIMIT; RAYLEIGH SCATTERING ID PERIOD SEISMIC-WAVES; SPHERICAL INCLUSION; ATTENUATION; HETEROGENEITY; LOCALIZATION; LITHOSPHERE; CRUST AB The present investigation considers various approximations for the problem of low-frequency elastic waves scattered by a single, small inclusion of constant elastic parameters. For the Rayleigh approximation containing both near- and far-field terms, the scattered amplitudes are investigated as a function of distance from the scatterer. Near-field terms are found to be dominant for distances up to two wavelengths, after which far-field solutions correctly describe the scattered field. At a distance of two wavelengths the relative error between the total and the far-field solution is about 15 per cent and decreases with increasing distance. Deriving solutions for the linear and quadratic Rayleigh-Born approximation, the relative error between the non-linear Rayleigh approximation and the linear and quadratic Rayleigh-Born approximation as a function of the scattering angle and the parameter perturbation is investigated. The relative error reveals a strong dependence on the scattering angle, while the addition of the quadratic term significantly improves the approximation for all scattering angles and parameter perturbations. An approximation for the error caused by linearization of the problem, based entirely on the perturbations of the parameters from the background medium, and its validity range are given. We also investigate the limit of the wave parameter for Rayleigh scattering and find higher values than previously assumed. By choosing relative errors of 5 per cent, 10 per cent and 20 per cent between the exact solution and the Rayleigh approximation, we find the upper limits for the parameter k(p)R to be 0.55, 0.7 and 9.9, respectively. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP GRITTO, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 120 IS 3 BP 677 EP 692 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb01845.x PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA QK634 UT WOS:A1995QK63400010 ER PT J AU MUKERJI, T BERRYMAN, J MAVKO, G BERGE, P AF MUKERJI, T BERRYMAN, J MAVKO, G BERGE, P TI DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTIVE-MEDIUM MODELING OF ROCK ELASTIC-MODULI WITH CRITICAL POROSITY CONSTRAINTS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCHEME AB Rocks generally have a percolation porosity at which they lose rigidity and fall apart. Percolation behavior is a purely geometrical property, independent of any physical properties, and is a powerful constraint on any valid velocity-porosity relation. We show how the conventional Differential Effective Medium (DEM) theory can be modified to incorporate percolation of elastic moduli in rocks by taking the material at the critical porosity as one of the constituents of a two-phase composite. Any desired percolation porosity can be specified as an input. In contrast, the conventional DEM model always predicts percolation at a porosity of either 0 or 100 percent. Most sedimentary rocks however have intermediate percolation porosities and are therefore not well represented by the conventional theory. The modified DEM model incorporates percolation behavior, and at the same time is always consistent with the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds. The predictions compare favorably with laboratory sandstone data. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP MUKERJI, T (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOPHYS,ROCK PHYS LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 24 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 5 BP 555 EP 558 DI 10.1029/95GL00164 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA QL415 UT WOS:A1995QL41500008 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, JH AF CAMPBELL, JH TI MODELING PLATINUM-INCLUSION DISSOLUTION IN PHOSPHATE LASER GLASSES SO GLASTECHNISCHE BERICHTE-GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB An analytic model is developed describing the dissolution of platinum inclusions in LHG-8 and LG-750 metaphosphate laser glasses. The model assumes a spherical geometry and a diffusion-limited rate process in a quiescent fluid. The time for complete dissolution of a platinum inclusion is proportional to the square of the inclusion radius and is computed to be about 10 h at 1100 degrees C for inclusions 10 mu m in diameter in these glasses. This agrees with experimental results. When melting in a platinum vessel, the dissolution of the crucible walls limits the size of the platinum inclusion that can be dissolved because of the background contribution to the ionic platinum content. This effect is included in the model and is related to the exposed surface-area-to-volume ratio of the platinum vessel. RP CAMPBELL, JH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU DEUTSCHEN GLASTECHNISCHEN GES PI FRANKFURT 1 PA MENDELSSOHNSTR 75-77, W-6000 FRANKFURT 1, GERMANY SN 0017-1085 J9 GLASTECH BER-GLASS JI Glastech. Ber.-Glass Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 3 BP 96 EP 101 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QU792 UT WOS:A1995QU79200004 ER PT J AU JAIN, AK KHESHGI, HS HOFFERT, MI WUEBBLES, DJ AF JAIN, AK KHESHGI, HS HOFFERT, MI WUEBBLES, DJ TI DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOCARBON AS A TEST OF GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE MODELS SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article ID WORLD OCEAN MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIFFUSION-MODEL; MARINE BIOTA; EXCESS CO2; CIRCULATION; DIOXIDE; C-14; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATIONS AB Accurate global carbon cycle models are needed to estimate the future change of atmospheric CO2 for specified scenarios of CO2 emissions. Model accuracy cannot be tested directly because of the difficulty in estimating the carbon flux to the oceans and the terrestrial biosphere. However, one test of model consistency is the requirement that the model reproduce past changes and spatial distributions of C-14. A model for carbon exchange within and among the atmosphere, oceans, and terrestrial biosphere is found to satisfy this test. The ocean is modeled as an upwelling-diffusion column capped by a mixed layer with recirculation of the polar bottom water to complete the thermohaline circulation. This ocean advection scheme contains only two key dynamic parameters, the vertical eddy diffusivity kappa and the upwelling velocity w, which are calibrated to match the vertical distribution of preanthropogenic C-14. Th, thermocline depth scale kappa/w = 1343 m found by calibration is considerably deeper than that required to match the steady vertical temperature profile (500 m). This is consistent with the hypothesis that isopycnal mixing, which is much more rapid than diapycnal mixing, has a stronger effect on C-14 than on temperature since isopycnals are nearly isothermal. This model is found to match measured values, within measurement error, of the prebomb decrease in C-14 in the atmosphere and the mixed layer due to the Suess effect, the bomb C-14 in the mixed layer, the bomb C-14 penetration depth, the bomb C-14 ocean inventory, and the vertical distribution of total carbon. Results are compared to those of other schematic carbon cycle models as well as those of ocean general circulation models. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. NYU,DEPT EARTH SYST SCI,NEW YORK,NY. RI Jain, Atul/D-2851-2016 OI Jain, Atul/0000-0002-4051-3228 NR 95 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0886-6236 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD MAR PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1 BP 153 EP 166 DI 10.1029/94GB02394 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RB220 UT WOS:A1995RB22000010 ER PT J AU MCMAHON, PB VROBLESKY, DA BRADLEY, PM CHAPELLE, FH GULLETT, CD AF MCMAHON, PB VROBLESKY, DA BRADLEY, PM CHAPELLE, FH GULLETT, CD TI EVIDENCE FOR ENHANCED MINERAL DISSOLUTION IN ORGANIC ACID-RICH SHALLOW GROUND-WATER SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID FERRIC IRON; MATTER MINERALIZATION; SANDSTONE DIAGENESIS; INCREASED SOLUBILITY; QUARTZ; SEDIMENTS; REDUCTION; ANIONS AB Total concentrations of formate, acetate, and isobutyrate varied from less than 5 to greater than 9,000 mu mol/l over distances of <3 m in ground water from a shallow hydrocarbon contaminated aquifer. Laboratory incubations of aquifer material indicate that organic acid concentrations were dependent on the amount of hydrocarbon loading in the sediment and the relative rates of microbial organic acid production and consumption. In heavily contaminated sediments, production greatly exceeded consumption and organic acid concentrations increased. In lightly contaminated sediments rates were essentially equal and organic acid concentrations remained low, Concentrations of dissolved calcium, magnesium, and iron generally were one to two orders of magnitude higher in organic acid-rich ground water than in ground water having low organic acid concentrations. Carbonate and Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide minerals were the likely sources of these elements. Similarly, concentrations of dissolved silica, derived from quartz and k-feldspar, were higher in organic acid-rich ground water than in other waters, The positive relation (r = 0.60, p<.05, n = 16) between concentrations of silica and organic acids suggests that the microbially mediated buildup of organic acids in ground water enhanced quartz/k-feldspar dissolution in the aquifer, although it was not the only factor influencing their dissolution. A model that included organic acid microequivalents normalized by cation microequivalents significantly strengthened the correlation (r = 0.79, p<.001, n = 16) between dissolved silica and organic acid concentrations, indicating that competition between silica and cations for complexation sites on organic acids also influenced quartz/k-feldspar dissolution. Physical evidence for enhanced mineral dissolution in organic acid-rich waters included scanning electron microscopy images of highly corroded quartz and k-feldspar grains from portions of the aquifer containing organic acid-rich ground water. Microporosity generated in hydrocarbon contaminated sediments may adversely affect remediation efforts that depend on the efficient injection of electron accepters into an aquifer or on the recovery of solutes from an aquifer. C1 US GEOL SURVEY, COLUMBIA, SC USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA USA. RP MCMAHON, PB (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY, DENVER FED CTR, MS415, DENVER, CO 80225 USA. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI COLUMBUS PA 2600 GROUND WATER WAY, COLUMBUS, OH 43219 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 33 IS 2 BP 207 EP 216 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00275.x PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA QK560 UT WOS:A1995QK56000005 ER PT J AU SIDLE, WC LEE, PY AF SIDLE, WC LEE, PY TI ESTIMATING LOCAL GROUNDWATER-FLOW CONDITIONS IN A GRANITOID - PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENTS IN THE WALDOBORO PLUTON COMPLEX, MAINE SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TENSOR; FIELD DETERMINATION; ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; AQUIFERS; RESERVOIR; FRACTURES; ROCKS; WELL AB Periodic dry wells are reported by some homeowners in Knox and Lincoln Counties, Maine, These wells pump from the migmatitic Bucksport Fm. which is intermixed with the granitoids of the Waldoboro Pluton Complex, Previous remote sensing and geologic mapping delineated marked northeast-trending structures in the WPC which were initially suspected as influencing ground-water flow for sustainable well yields, A sample area, Pemaquid Pond, in the WPC was studied in more detail including preliminary hydraulic testing of homeowner wells and ground-water flow modeling. Wells with sustainable and greater yields appear to be associated instead with zones of northwest-trending structures in granitoids not intermixed with the Bucksport Fm. Dry wells appear to be more prevalent amongst northeast-trending structures in areas where the migmatitic metamorphic rocks outcrop, Hydraulic studies, including pumping, slug, pressure, and borehole dilution testing, resulted in a wide range of calculated hydraulic conductivities, Dual-porosity flow modeling and geostatistical parameterization of the flow conditions suggest that the anisotropic hydraulic conductivity is near E-9 m/d. C1 GROUNDWATER RES CO,OXFORD,OH 45056. RP SIDLE, WC (reprint author), US DOE,DIV TECH SUPPORT,POB 398705,CINCINNATI,OH 45239, USA. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI COLUMBUS PA 2600 GROUND WATER WAY, COLUMBUS, OH 43219 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 33 IS 2 BP 291 EP 303 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00284.x PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA QK560 UT WOS:A1995QK56000014 ER PT J AU WYLIE, A MAGNUSON, S AF WYLIE, A MAGNUSON, S TI SPREADSHEET MODELING OF SLUG TESTS USING THE VAN DER KAMP METHOD SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Note AB Slug testing is frequently employed to calculate aquifer transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity. The van der Kamp technique for interpreting slug test data which experience force-free water level oscillations is not routinely employed because it requires adjusting equations to match the observed well response data. This adjustment can be rapid and convenient when a commercial spreadsheet is employed. RP WYLIE, A (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI COLUMBUS PA 2600 GROUND WATER WAY, COLUMBUS, OH 43219 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 33 IS 2 BP 326 EP 329 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00288.x PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA QK560 UT WOS:A1995QK56000018 ER PT J AU GOANS, RE AF GOANS, RE TI PROJECT SAPPHIRE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article RP GOANS, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE INST SCI & ENERGY, CTR RADIAT EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, TRAINING SITE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 3 BP 296 EP 298 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH446 UT WOS:A1995QH44600002 PM 7860299 ER PT J AU SCARPITTA, SC AF SCARPITTA, SC TI A THEORETICAL-MODEL FOR RN-222 ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED-CHARCOAL CANISTERS IN HUMID AIR BASED ON POLANYIS POTENTIAL-THEORY SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RADON; ADSORPTION; SAMPLING; MODEL ID CARBON PERFORMANCE; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; RADON; PREDICTION; GAS; CAPACITIES AB Water vapor interferes with the adsorption of Rn-222 gas by passive activated charcoal devices used to estimate indoor air concentrations. The Rn-222 adsorption coefficient is the fundamental parameter characterizing charcoal's ability to adsorb Rn-222. The Dubinin-Radushkevich equation, based on Polanyi's potential theory, was modified to include two terms quantifying the effect of both water vapor and sampling time on the Rn-222 adsorption coefficient of passive charcoal devices. A single equation was derived that quantifies the Rn-222 adsorption coefficients at any temperature, humidity and exposure time using six experimentally determined physical constants that are unique for a particular passive charcoal device. The theoretical model was verified with published experimental data, and it showed a good correlation between theory and experiment. The model proved to be consistent with experimental data, provided that the amount of water vapor adsorbed by the charcoal device during sampling remains below a critical level, termed the breakpoint. RP SCARPITTA, SC (reprint author), US DOE, ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB, 376 HUDSON ST, NEW YORK, NY 10014 USA. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 3 BP 332 EP 339 DI 10.1097/00004032-199503000-00005 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH446 UT WOS:A1995QH44600007 PM 7860304 ER PT J AU KEARFOTT, KJ HAN, S MCMAHAN, KL SAMEI, E AF KEARFOTT, KJ HAN, S MCMAHAN, KL SAMEI, E TI SENSITIVITY OF A MIXED FIELD DOSIMETRY ALGORITHM TO UNCERTAINTIES IN THERMOLUMINESCENT ELEMENT READINGS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THERMOLUMINESCENCE DOSIMETRY; ALGORITHM; BETA PARTICLES; PHOTONS ID SYSTEMS; ENERGY; PHOTON AB An error analysis of the effects of the algorithms used to resolve the deep and shallow dose components for mixed fields from multi-element thermoluminescent (TLD) badge systems was undertaken for a commonly used system. Errors were introduced independently into each of the four element readings for a badge, and the effects on the calculated dose equivalents were observed, A normal random number generator was then utilized to introduce simultaneous variations in the element readings for different uncertainties, The Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program radiation fields were investigated. Problems arising from the discontinuous nature of the algorithm were encountered for a number of radiation sources for which the algorithm misidentified the radiation field. Mixed fields of low energy photons and betas were found to present particular difficulties for the algorithm, The study demonstrates the importance of small fluctuations in the TLD element's response in a multi-element approach. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, HLTH PHYS PROGRAM, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP KEARFOTT, KJ (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN, COOLEY LAB, DEPT NUCL ENGN, NORTH CAMPUS, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. RI Kearfott, Kimberlee/G-2467-2014 OI Kearfott, Kimberlee/0000-0002-8698-0913 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 3 BP 340 EP 349 DI 10.1097/00004032-199503000-00006 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH446 UT WOS:A1995QH44600008 PM 7860305 ER PT J AU LEE, SC HUTCHINSON, JMR INN, KGW THEIN, M AF LEE, SC HUTCHINSON, JMR INN, KGW THEIN, M TI AN INTERCOMPARISON STUDY OF NP-237 DETERMINATION IN ARTIFICIAL URINE SAMPLES SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NEPTUNIUM; BIOASSAY; ALPHA PARTICLES; EXCRETION, URINE ID NEPTUNIUM AB An intercomparison study of low-level Np-237 determination in artificial urine samples has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to find the ''optimal'' method presently available for use in a routine in-vitro radiobioassay program for occupationally exposed workers. Four synthetic urine samples with differing Np-237 concentrations were prepared: (1) 3 mBq kg(-1) of Np-237; (2) 3 mBq kg(-1) of Np-237 with natural uranium, Pu-239 and Am-241 as interferences; (3) 50 mBq kg(-1) of Np-237; and (4) a matrix blank. The solutions mere submitted to 10 alpha-particle and 10 inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) laboratories of which six and four laboratories, respectively, returned results. Two laboratories performed assays using both techniques. The radiochemical method of choice used Np-239 as the tracer, which utilized a combination of coprecipitation and anion-exchange separation. The best results obtained by ICP-MS were comparable with but not better than the most accurate results obtained by alpha-particle spectrometry. Alpha-particle spectrometry measurements overall gave consistently better agreement with known values. C1 NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP LEE, SC (reprint author), NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, CARLSBAD ENVIRONM MONITORING & RES CTR, CARLSBAD, NM 88220 USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 3 BP 350 EP 358 DI 10.1097/00004032-199503000-00007 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH446 UT WOS:A1995QH44600009 PM 7860306 ER PT J AU BENZ, NJ FRITZ, JS AF BENZ, NJ FRITZ, JS TI OPTIMIZATION OF SEPARATIONS OF ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED PHENOLATE ANIONS BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED PHENOLATE IONS; OPTIMIZATION OF RESOLUTION; BUFFER PH; ACETONITRILE CONCENTRATION ID POSITIONAL ISOMERS; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; PARAMETERS; ACIDS AB Anions of alkylphenols have very similar electrophoretic mobilities in CZE owing to their very small differences in size and the narrow range of their pK(a) values. By studying electrophoretic mobility as a function both of pH and of the amount of acetonitrile in the electrolyte solution, optimum separation conditions were determined. It was possible to separate a group of methyl-substituted phenols, including several positional isomers, Mixtures containing n-propyl and isopropyl phenols and 1 degrees, 2 degrees, and 3 degrees butylphenols could be resolved. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP BENZ, NJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH PI HEIDELBERG 1 PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 3 BP 175 EP 178 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA QV369 UT WOS:A1995QV36900007 ER PT J AU KASS, DH BATZER, MA DEININGER, PL AF KASS, DH BATZER, MA DEININGER, PL TI A NEW RESTRICTION-SITE POLYMORPHISM IN EXON-18 OF THE LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR (LDLR) GENE SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Note AB A new restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in exon 18 of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene is described. It should be a useful marker in linkage to familial hypercholesterolemia. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. ALTON OCHSNER MED FDN & OCHSNER CLIN,MOLEC GENET LAB,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70121. RP KASS, DH (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,1901 PERDIDO ST,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112, USA. OI Deininger, Prescott/0000-0002-1067-3028 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG 00770] NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 95 IS 3 BP 363 EP 364 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA QJ266 UT WOS:A1995QJ26600023 PM 7868136 ER PT J AU DOSANJH, SS AF DOSANJH, SS TI RECURSIVE SPEEDUP SO IEEE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP DOSANJH, SS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT PARALLEL COMP SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 1070-9924 J9 IEEE COMPUT SCI ENG JI IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 1 BP 4 EP 5 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics GA RB249 UT WOS:A1995RB24900001 ER PT J AU PARKER, SE CUMMINGS, JC AF PARKER, SE CUMMINGS, JC TI VISUALIZATION OF PLASMA TURBULENCE SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Note ID SIMULATION C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. RP PARKER, SE (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 2 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1109/38.364995 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA QJ144 UT WOS:A1995QJ14400002 ER PT J AU STUART, BC HERMAN, S PERRY, MD AF STUART, BC HERMAN, S PERRY, MD TI CHIRPED-PULSE AMPLIFICATION IN TI-SAPPHIRE BEYOND 1-MU-M SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID LASER SYSTEM; OPTICAL PULSES; GENERATION; TI-AL2O3; AMPLIFIER AB Chirped-pulse amplification in Ti:sapphire in the low-gain region above 1 mu m is described, Direct measurement of the stimulated emission cross section shows that the value is nearly 50% lower in this region than previously reported based on extrapolation from fluorescence data at shorter wavelengths, We have developed a TEM(00) Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier exhibiting a net gain of 10(9) (from 10 pJ to 9 mJ) at: 1053 nm with extremely stable energy output (+/-3%), Further amplification in a ring amplifier produces in excess of 60 mJ at a 10 Hz repetition rate, The performance of these amplifiers is compared with a theoretical model which includes whole-beam self-focusing, mode-size variation due to a radial gain profile, and spectra-temporal saturation. RP STUART, BC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LASER PROGRAM,POB 808,L-493,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 42 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 528 EP 538 DI 10.1109/3.364410 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA QJ536 UT WOS:A1995QJ53600015 ER PT J AU POGORELSKY, IV FISCHER, J KUSCHE, KP BABZIEN, M KURNIT, NA BIGIO, IJ HARRISON, RF SHIMADA, T AF POGORELSKY, IV FISCHER, J KUSCHE, KP BABZIEN, M KURNIT, NA BIGIO, IJ HARRISON, RF SHIMADA, T TI SUBNANOSECOND MULTI-GIGAWATT CO2-LASER SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PULSE GENERATION; AMPLIFICATION AB A semiconductor switching technique has been utilized to produce 30-300 ps variable duration CO2 laser pulses of 0.5-MW peak power, Eight passes through a 1.2-m long, UV-preionized, 3-atm TE CO2 amplifier raise the output laser peak power to the 10(10) W level. Sampling the amplifier gain in linear and saturated regimes using CO2 laser radiation ranging from CW to 30 ps pulse length permits comparison with computer modeling of picosecond CO2 pulse amplification, The potential for further peak power scaling of picosecond molecular lasers is discussed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP POGORELSKY, IV (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 556 EP 566 DI 10.1109/3.364413 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA QJ536 UT WOS:A1995QJ53600018 ER PT J AU ZHAO, XM DIELS, JC WANG, CY ELIZONDO, JM AF ZHAO, XM DIELS, JC WANG, CY ELIZONDO, JM TI FEMTOSECOND ULTRAVIOLET-LASER PULSE INDUCED LIGHTNING DISCHARGES IN GASES SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFICATION; PROPAGATION; OXYGEN AB Ultraviolet pulses of 200 fs duration and low energy (approximate to 0.2 mJ) have a sufficiently high peak power to ionize oxygen and nitrogen by three- and four-photon ionization, respectively. It is shown that the resultant ionization channel induces a lightning like discharge at half of the natural self-breakdown voltage in nitrogen or air. The laser triggered discharging process is studied by monitoring the voltage between two planar electrodes, The effects of oxygen on the induced breakdown is investigated. A complete theoretical model is presented to simulate 1) the electron seeding acid 2) the evolution of the plasma of electron-ion in the applied field. The results of the theory verified by small scale experiments-are used to simulate the process of laser triggered lightning in atmosphere, and helps to define the parameters of a laser system for lightning protection. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. VOSS SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. RP ZHAO, XM (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 40 TC 207 Z9 220 U1 5 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 599 EP 612 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA QJ536 UT WOS:A1995QJ53600023 ER PT J AU BROWNE, JC HYDER, SI DONGARRA, J MOORE, K NEWTON, P AF BROWNE, JC HYDER, SI DONGARRA, J MOORE, K NEWTON, P TI VISUAL PROGRAMMING AND DEBUGGING FOR PARALLEL COMPUTING SO IEEE PARALLEL & DISTRIBUTED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT COMP SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BROWNE, JC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT COMP SCI,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 5 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 1063-6552 J9 IEEE PARALL DISTRIB JI IEEE Parallel Distrib. Technol. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 1 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1109/88.384586 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QU437 UT WOS:A1995QU43700008 ER PT J AU RAY, U ARTAKI, I VIANCO, PT AF RAY, U ARTAKI, I VIANCO, PT TI INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON THE WETTABILITY OF IMMERSION TIN-COATED PRINTED WIRING BOARDS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY PART A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Electronic Components and Technology Conference CY MAY 01-04, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP IEEE, Components Hybrids & Mfg Technol Soc, Electr Ind Assoc ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND GROWTH; SOLDERABILITY AB Immersion tin films applied in various thicknesses (0.2-2 mu m) to different copper substrates were characterized relative to thermal stability and shelf life, Thermal excursions included those typical in mixed technology assembly processes, Exposure to temperature/humidity was varied from near ambient (35 degrees C/85% RH) to harsh (steam aging), A minimum thickness of similar to 60 mu in (1.5 mu m) was determined to be critical for assembly operations involving multiple thermal excursions, Even though formation of Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds (IMC) is facile, at the copper-tin interface, these compounds do not adversely affect the soldering performance, as long as the IMC phase is protected by a tin surface layer, immersion tin finishes are relatively stable to thermal exposure, but are readily oxidized in the presence of humidity, This oxide growth is directly responsible for solderability degradation. The underlying copper substrate was also found to have a significant impact on the thermal stability of tin films. An electroless copper substrate caused significantly more intermetallic formation, which resulted in poor solderability even under moderate temperature/humidity conditions. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP RAY, U (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,TECH STAFF,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1070-9886 J9 IEEE T COMPON PACK A JI IEEE Trans Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol. Part A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 1 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1109/95.370749 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QN165 UT WOS:A1995QN16500024 ER PT J AU DIMOS, D LOCKWOOD, SJ SCHWARTZ, RW RODGERS, MS AF DIMOS, D LOCKWOOD, SJ SCHWARTZ, RW RODGERS, MS TI THIN-FILM DECOUPLING CAPACITORS FOR MULTICHIP MODULES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY PART A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Electronic Components and Technology Conference CY MAY 01-04, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP IEEE, Components Hybrids & Mfg Technol Soc, Electr Ind Assoc ID ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; CERAMICS AB Thin-film decoupling capacitors based on ferroelectric lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) films are being developed for use in advanced packages, such as multichip modules. These thin-film decoupling capacitors are intended to replace multilayer ceramic capacitors for certain applications, since they can be more fully integrated into the packaging architecture. The increased integration that can be achieved should lead to decreased package volume and improved highspeed performance, due to a decrease in interconnect inductance, PLZT films are fabricated by spin coating using metal carboxylate/alkoxide solutions. These films exhibit very high dielectric constants (epsilon greater than or equal to 900), low dielectric losses (tan delta approximate to 0.01), excellent insulation resistances (p > 10(13) Omega-cm at 125 degrees C), and good breakdown field strengths (E(B) approximate to 900 kV/cm), For integrated circuit applications, the PLZT dielectric is Less than 1 mu m thick, which results in a large capacitance/area (8-9 nF/mm(2)), The thin-film geometry and processing conditions also make these capacitors suitable for direct incorporation onto integrated circuits and for packages that require embedded components. RP DIMOS, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT GLASS & ELECTR CERAM,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1070-9886 J9 IEEE T COMPON PACK A JI IEEE Trans Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol. Part A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 1 BP 174 EP 179 DI 10.1109/95.370752 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QN165 UT WOS:A1995QN16500027 ER PT J AU KOSIER, SL WEI, A SCHRIMPF, RD FLEETWOOD, DM DELAUS, MD COMBS, WE AF KOSIER, SL WEI, A SCHRIMPF, RD FLEETWOOD, DM DELAUS, MD COMBS, WE TI PHYSICALLY-BASED COMPARISON OF HOT-CARRIER-INDUCED AND IONIZING-RADIATION-INDUCED DEGRADATION IN BJTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article AB A physically based comparison between hot-carrier and ionizing radiation stress in BJT's is presented, Although both types of stress lead to qualitatively similar changes in the current gain of the device, the physical mechanisms responsible for the degradation are quite different, In the case of hot-carrier stress the damage is localized near the emitter-base junction, which causes the excess base current to have an ideality factor of two, For ionizing radiation stress, the damage occurs along all oxide-silicon interfaces, which causes the excess base current to have an ideality factor between one and two for low total doses of ionizing radiation, but an ideality factor of two for large total doses, The different physical mechanisms that apply for each type of stress imply that improvement in resistance to one type of stress does not necessarily imply improvement in resistance to the other type of stress, Based on the physical model, implications for correlating and comparing hot-carrier-induced and ionizing-radiation-induced damage are discussed. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1322,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. ANALOG DEVICES INC,WILMINGTON,MA 01887. RLP RES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87122. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522. RP KOSIER, SL (reprint author), VTC INC,BLOOMINGTON,MN 55425, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 22 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD MAR PY 1995 VL 42 IS 3 BP 436 EP 444 DI 10.1109/16.368041 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA QK311 UT WOS:A1995QK31100009 ER PT J AU COLES, LR CHAPEL, SW IANNUCCI, JJ AF COLES, LR CHAPEL, SW IANNUCCI, JJ TI VALUATION OF MODULAR GENERATION, STORAGE, AND TARGETED DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 IEEE/PES Summer Meeting CY JUL 24-28, 1994 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE, Power Engn Soc DE DISTRIBUTED GENERATION; PHOTOVOLTAICS; FUEL CELLS; BATTERY STORAGE; DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT; INTEGRATED RESOURCE PLANNING AB The valuation of distributed resources is rapidly gaining interest among utilities where existing conventional central-station power supply and demand-side management might be supplemented with cost-effective modular generation, storage, and demand-side management technologies located at specific sites on the distribution system that require reinforcement. The business and technical aspects of developing distributed resources have been under study by a joint utility/federal research collaborative since 1991 and the early results discussed herein have been published in the project report. Results of this work indicate that substantial benefits for utilities and their customers might be achieved through development of dispersed resources located at the distribution system level. C1 ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94303. DISTRIBUTED UTIL ASSOCIATES,SAN RAMON,CA. RP COLES, LR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ANALYT STUDIES,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8969 J9 IEEE T ENERGY CONVER JI IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 10 IS 1 BP 182 EP 187 DI 10.1109/60.372585 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA QP970 UT WOS:A1995QP97000024 ER PT J AU HE, JL COFFEY, HT ROTE, DM AF HE, JL COFFEY, HT ROTE, DM TI ANALYSIS OF THE COMBINED MAGLEV LEVITATION, PROPULSION, AND GUIDANCE-SYSTEM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article AB An analysis of a Japanese maglev system that uses only one set of coils in the guideway for combined levitation, propulsion, and guidance functions is presented. This preliminary study, using the dynamic circuit approach, indicates that the system is very promising. RP HE, JL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR TRANSPORT RES,DIV ENERGY SYST,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 2 BP 981 EP 987 DI 10.1109/20.364772 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA QH843 UT WOS:A1995QH84300010 ER PT J AU GLASER, RE AF GLASER, RE TI WEIBULL ACCELERATED LIFE TESTING WITH UNREPORTED EARLY FAILURES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD; TRUNCATION; LOG-LINEAR REGRESSION AB Situations arise in Life testing where early failures go unreported, eg, a technician believes an early failure is ''his fault'' or ''premature'' and must not be recorded. Consequently, the reported data come from a truncated distribution and the number of unreported early failures is unknown. Inferences are developed for a Weibull accelerated life-testing model in which transformed scale and shape parameters are expressed as linear combinations of functions of the environment (stress). Coefficients of these combinations are estimated by maximum likelihood methods which allow point, interval, and confidence bound estimates to be computed for such quantities of interest for a given stress level as the shape parameter, the scale parameter, a selected quantile, the reliability at a particular time, and the number of unreported early failures. The methodology allows lifetimes to be reported as exact, right censored, or interval-valued, and to be subject optionally to testing protocols which establish thresholds below which lifetimes go unreported, A broad spectrum of applicability is anticipated by virtue of the substantial generality accommodated in both stress modeling and data type. RP GLASER, RE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN RES,L-195,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 44 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1109/24.376518 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA QQ330 UT WOS:A1995QQ33000011 ER PT J AU MAX, N AF MAX, N TI OPTIMAL SAMPLING FOR HEMICUBES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE HEMICUBE; RADIOSITY; FORM FACTOR; SAMPLING; VARIANCE; OPTIMIZATION ID MODEL AB The hemicube estimates of form factors are based on a finite set of sample directions, We obtain several optimal arrangements of sample directions, which minimize the variance of these estimates, They are based on changing the size or shape of the pixels or the shape of the hemicube, or using non-uniform pixel grids, The best reduces the variance by 43%, The variance calculation is based on the assumption that the errors in the estimate are caused by the projections of single polygon edges, and that the positions and orientations of these edges are random, This replaces the infinite dimensional space of possible environments by the two dimensional space of great circles on the unit sphere, making the numerical variance minimization possible. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MAX, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 1077-2626 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 1 IS 1 BP 60 EP 76 DI 10.1109/2945.468388 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA RV867 UT WOS:A1995RV86700007 ER PT J AU REISINGER, H KING, CJ AF REISINGER, H KING, CJ TI EXTRACTION AND SORPTION OF ACETIC-ACID AT PH ABOVE PK(A) TO FORM CALCIUM-MAGNESIUM ACETATE SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; FERMENTATION; EQUILIBRIA AB Different extractants (trioctylphosphine oxide and secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amines) and solid sorbents (tertiary and quaternary amines) were investigated as agents for recovery of acetic acid as part of a process for production of calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) from fermentation acetic acid. The pH and temperature dependencies for uptake of acetic acid by these extractants and sorbents were measured, along with the degrees of regeneration by aqueous suspensions of slaked dolomitic lime. These results enable identification of agents having optimal basicity. Among the extractants, the secondary amine Amberlite LA-2 gave the best combined performance for extraction and regeneration. Among the sorbents, a tertiary amine, Amberlite IRA-35, gave the best performance. Trioctylphosphine oxide does not maintain capacity in the pH range (about 6) most attractive for acetic acid fermentation. Slurried crushed dolomite is not sufficiently basic to accomplish regeneration. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 3 BP 845 EP 852 DI 10.1021/ie00042a016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA QL371 UT WOS:A1995QL37100016 ER PT J AU HERRING, AM STEFFEY, BD MIEDANER, A WANDER, SA DUBOIS, DL AF HERRING, AM STEFFEY, BD MIEDANER, A WANDER, SA DUBOIS, DL TI SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE [PD(TRIPHOSPHINE)(CH3CN)](BF4)(2) COMPLEXES FOR CO2 REDUCTION SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; FERROCENE; PLATINUM(II); PHOSPHINES; CATALYSIS; STANDARD; OXYGEN AB The syntheses of the triphosphine ligands RP(CH(2)CH(2)PR'(2))(2) (R = CH2CH2CH2OH and R' = Et, HOPetpE; R = Ph and R' = CH2CH2P(O)(OEt)(2), etpEPO; R = Me(2)N and R' = Et, MNetpE; R = i-Pr2N and R' = Et, IPNetpE; R = Ph and R' = NMe(2), etpMN) are described. The reaction of [Pd(CH3CN)(4)(BF4)2 with these ligands forms [Pd(triphosphine)(CH3CN)](BF4)(2) complexes that are all water soluble with the exception of [Pd(IPNetpE)(CH3-CN)](BF4)(2). The labile acetonitrile ligands are easily substituted by triethylphosphine to form [Pd(triphosphine)(PEt(3))](BF4)2 complexes. The triethylphosphine complexes undergo quasi-reversible two-electron reductions while the corresponding acetonitrile complexes undergo two, closely spaced, irreversible, one-electron reductions. [Pd(HoPetpE)(CH3CN)](BF4)(2) and [Pd(etpEPO)(CH3CN)](BF4)(2) are catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in both dimethylformamide and buffered aqueous solutions. Kinetic studies are reported for [Pd(HoPetpE)(CH3CN)](BF4)(2) in dimethylformamide. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RI Herring, Andy/E-7088-2010; OI Herring, Andrew/0000-0001-7318-5999 NR 42 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1100 EP 1109 DI 10.1021/ic00109a017 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QK314 UT WOS:A1995QK31400017 ER PT J AU BOYLE, TJ SCHWARTZ, RW DOEDENS, RJ ZILLER, JW AF BOYLE, TJ SCHWARTZ, RW DOEDENS, RJ ZILLER, JW TI SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF NOVEL GROUP-IV TRIDENTATE ALKOXIDE COMPLEXES AND CERAMIC THIN-FILMS DERIVED THEREFROM - X-RAY STRUCTURES OF (H3CC(CH2-MU(3)-O)(CH2-MU-O)(2))(2)TI-4(OCH(CH3)(2))(10), (H3CCH2C(CH2-MU-3-O)(CH2-MU-O)(2))(2)TI-4(OCH(CH3)(2))(10), AND (H3CC(CH2-MU-O)(3))(2)ZR-4(MU-OCH(CH3)(2))(2)(OCH(CH3)(2))(8)(1) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL ALKOXIDES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; HETEROMETALLIC ALKOXIDES; MOLYBDENUM(VI) COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; PZT FILMS; CHEMISTRY; TITANIUM(IV); PRECURSORS; COMPOUND AB An alcoholysis exchange between tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane (THME-H-3) or tris(hydroxymethyl)propane (THMP-H-3) and group IV metal isopropoxides yields compounds of the general formula (THMR)(2)M(4)(OCHMe(2))(10) [M = Ti (R = E. 1; P, 2); Zr (R = E, 3; P, 4)]. 1 and 2 are formed in toluene, at ambient glovebox temperatures, and adopt a typical fused-M(3)O(12) structure where each titanium atom is surrounded by six oxygens in a slightly distorted face-shared bioctahedral arrangement. All of the oxygens of the central core are from the THMR ligand, present as mu-O and mu(3)-O oxygen bridges. Generation of 3 or 4 requires heating in toluene at reflux temperatures. The zirconium atoms of 3 possess an extremely distorted edge-shared bioctahedral geometry where the central core consists of a Zr4O8 ring (eight oxygens: six from THME ligands and two from isopropoxide ligands). Each of the zirconium atoms is six-coordinated with four bridging oxygens and two terminal isopropoxide ligands. Spin-cast deposited films generated from toluene solutions of 1 and 3 indicate that increased uniformity of the films and decreased hydrolysis occur in comparison to the cases of Ti(OCHMe(2))4, 5, and [Zr(OCHMe(2))(4).HOCHMe(2)]2, 6 respectively. 1 crystallized from toluene at 25 degrees C in the space group P2(1)/n with a = 11.9127(10) Angstrom, b = 14.5313(14) Angstrom, c = 15.4676(15) Angstrom, beta = 106.191(7)degrees, V = 2571.4(4) Angstrom(3), and D-calcd = 1.313 Mg/m(3) for Z = 2. Least-squares refinement of the model based on 5481 reflections (\F-0\ > 2.0 sigma(\F-0\)) converged to a final R(F) = 3.3%. 2 crystallized from toluene at 25 degrees C in the space group P2(1)/n with a = 13.989(3) Angstrom, b = 10.806(2) Angstrom, c = 18.468(4) Angstrom, beta = 99.26(2)degrees, V = 2755.4(10) Angstrom(3), and D-calcd = 1.259 Mg/m(3) for Z = 2. Least-squares refinement of the model based on 5448 reflections (\F-0\ > 3.0 sigma(\F-0\)) converged to a final R(F) = 3.7%. 3 crystallized from toluene at 25 degrees C in the space group P1 with a = 11.5203(11) Angstrom, b = 21.705(2) Angstrom, c = 25.145(2) Angstrom, alpha = 65.520(7)degrees, beta = 86.015(8)degrees, gamma = 78.304(7)degrees, V = 5602.6(9) Angstrom(3), and D-calcd = 1.412(2) Mg-m(3) for Z = 4. Least squares refinement of the model based on 9029 reflections (\F-0\ > 4.0 sigma(\F-0\)) converged to a final R(F) = 6.52%. For 6, parameters different from those previously reported were determined. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT CHEM, XRAY FACIL, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. RP BOYLE, TJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, ADV MAT LAB, 1001 UNIV BLVD SE, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106 USA. NR 87 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1120 DI 10.1021/ic00109a018 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA QK314 UT WOS:A1995QK31400018 ER PT J AU FEINENDEGEN, LE HERZOG, IH KUWERT, T AF FEINENDEGEN, LE HERZOG, IH KUWERT, T TI POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY - ANALYSIS OF BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE LIVING HUMAN-BODY SO INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; METABOLISM; PET; INFARCTION; DISEASE; BRAIN; STIMULATION; PERFUSION; BYPASS AB Positron emission tomography can be used to study biochemical reactions in the living human body. The techniques applied are described in some detail for normal and pathological conditions of brain and heart. The injection of short lived radiopharmaceutical preparations containing isotopes of common elements allows the visualisation of biochemical reactions and their progress to be followed in space and time. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST MED, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. UNIV DUSSELDORF, NUKL MED KLIN, D-40225 DUSSELDORF, GERMANY. RP FEINENDEGEN, LE (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0308-0188 J9 INTERDISCIPL SCI REV JI Interdiscip. Sci. Rev. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 20 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA RX076 UT WOS:A1995RX07600012 ER PT J AU LAGOS, LE LI, W EBADIAN, MA AF LAGOS, LE LI, W EBADIAN, MA TI HEAT-TRANSFER WITHIN A CONCRETE SLAB WITH A FINITE MICROWAVE-HEATING SOURCE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB In the present paper, the concrete decontamination and decommissioning process with a finite microwave heating source is investigated theoretically. For the microwave induced heating pattern, a multilayer concrete slab, which includes steel reinforcement mesh, is assumed to be exposed to a finite plane microwave source at normal incidence. Two-dimensional heat transport within the concrete is also considered to evaluate the variations of temperature with heating time at different frequencies with and without the presence of the reinforcement bars. Four commonly used industrial microwave frequencies of 0.896, 2.45, 10.6 and 18.0 GHz have been selected. The results revealed that as the microwave frequency increases to, or higher than 10.6 GHz, the maximum temperature shifts toward the front surface of the concrete. It was found that the presence of a steel reinforcement mesh causes part of the microwave energy to be blocked and reflected. Furthermore, it was observed that the temperature distribution is nearly uniform within the dimensions of the microwave applicator for a high microwave power intensity (Q(0,ave) almost-equal-to 8.0 x 10(5) W m-2) and a short heating time (t almost-equal-to 60 s). C1 FLORIDA INT UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,MIAMI,FL 33199. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 5 BP 887 EP 897 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(94)00200-F PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA QL020 UT WOS:A1995QL02000011 ER PT J AU HENDRICKSON, B LELAND, R PLIMPTON, S AF HENDRICKSON, B LELAND, R PLIMPTON, S TI AN EFFICIENT PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR MATRIX-VECTOR MULTIPLICATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH SPEED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE MATRIX-VECTOR MULTIPLICATION; PARALLEL COMPUTING; HYPERCUBE; CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHOD AB The multiplication of a vector by a matrix is the kernel operation in many algorithms used in scientific computation. A fast and efficient parallel algorithm for this calculation is therefore desirable. This paper describes a parallel matrix-vector multiplication algorithm which is particularly well suited to dense matrices or matrices with an irregular sparsity pattern. Such matrices can arise from discretizing partial differential equations on irregular grids or from problems exhibiting nearly random connectivity between data structures. The communication cost of the algorithm is independent of the matrix sparsity pattern and is shown to scale as O(n/root p + log(p)) for an n x n matrix on p processors. The algorithm's performance is demonstrated by using it within the well known NAS conjugate gradient benchmark. This resulted in the fastest run times achieved to date on both the 1024 node nCUBE 2 and the 128 node Intel iPSC/860. Additional improvements to the algorithm which are possible when integrating it with the conjugate gradient algorithm are also discussed. RP HENDRICKSON, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1422,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-0533 J9 INT J HIGH SPEED COM JI Int. J. High Speed Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 1 BP 73 EP 88 DI 10.1142/S0129053395000051 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TD260 UT WOS:A1995TD26000004 ER PT J AU RAJU, MR AF RAJU, MR TI PROTON RADIOBIOLOGY, RADIOSURGERY AND RADIOTHERAPY SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; RADIATION-THERAPY; BEAM THERAPY; UVEAL MELANOMA; ALPHA-PARTICLES; V79 CELLS; ARTERIOVENOUS-MALFORMATIONS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; 160-MEV PROTONS; IRRADIATION AB This review briefly traces the historical developments of proton radiobiology, radiosurgery and radiotherapy for the benefit of young researchers and clinicians entering into this held. In preparing to use protons in radiosurgery and radiotherapy, radiobiological effects of protons were studied extensively by various groups, including the University of California at Berkeley, the University of Uppsala, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory. Considerable work on proton radiobiology was also done because protons are a major component of the radiation environment in space. The biological effects of proton beams were found to be quantitatively and qualitatively similar to conventional radiations used in radiotherapy. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons suitable for large-field radiotherapy, compared with Co-60 gamma-rays, is generally in the range 1.0-1.25, and remains the same with depth of penetration, except for the descending portion of the depth-dose curve. Also, unlike other heavier charged particles and neutrons, the RBE of high-energy protons, which are suitable for large-field radiotherapy, compared with Co-60 gamma-rays, is generally found to be independent of the fraction size in in vivo experiments. The oxygen enhancement ratio for high-energy protons is not significantly different from that of X-rays. An RBE = 1.1. compared with Co-60 gamma-rays, is generally used in the clinical application of protons; however, the radiobiological data on mouse, rat, rabbit and primate suggest that the gastrointestinal tissues may be relatively more sensitive to protons. About 13 000 patients have been treated with protons at about 15 facilities around the world. Nearly half of these patients were neurosurgical patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. The pioneering efforts at the Harvard Cyclotron in collaboration with the Massachusetts General Hospital and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary were responsible for the development of proton treatment for choroidal melanoma and for the tumours of the skull base and spine. There has been extensive confirmation of these results by other groups, especially the groups at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Paul Scherrer Institute. The first medically dedicated proton facility is in operation at Loma Linda University in California. The construction in the USA of another proton treatment facility at Massachusetts General Hospital has been decided upon, and there are plans for many more worldwide. RP RAJU, MR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LS-1,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 149 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 67 IS 3 BP 237 EP 259 DI 10.1080/09553009514550301 PG 23 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QQ758 UT WOS:A1995QQ75800001 PM 7897273 ER PT J AU HJELM, RP DOUGLAS, EP BENICEWICZ, BC AF HJELM, RP DOUGLAS, EP BENICEWICZ, BC TI THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF LIQUID-CRYSTAL POLYMERS WITH SMALL LIQUID-CRYSTAL THERMOSET MALEIMIDES AND NADIMIDES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties CY JUN 19-24, 1994 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO SP NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Thermophys Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Heat Transfer Div, Comm Thermophys Properties HO UNIV COLORADO DE COMPOSITES; LIQUID CRYSTALS; NEUTRON SCATTERING; SOLUTION STRUCTURE ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING AB The solution structure of the deuterated liquid-crystal polyamide polymer (LCP) poly(p-phenylene-2-nitroterephthalamide), alone and mixed with small, rodlike, amide, liquid-crystal molecules (LCT) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), is studied using small-angle neutron scattering. Measurements were made as a function of LCP concentration using different LCTs mixed at 20 and 40 wt% relative to LCP. Our motivation for studying this system comes from a need to connect solution structure with film morphology in processing these materials for high-performance molecular composites. Our analysis shows that the LCP in NMP forms large domain-like structures. The presence of LCT breaks up the LCP domains into smaller structures, some of which are filamentous LCP-LCT aggregates. This result suggests that the simple entropic description of the solution behavior of mixtures of long and short rods is not adequate in describing systems of this type. RP HJELM, RP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Benicewicz, Brian/0000-0003-4130-1232 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1007/BF01441896 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA QU937 UT WOS:A1995QU93700002 ER PT J AU OAKES, CS BODNAR, RJ SIMONSON, JM PITZER, KS AF OAKES, CS BODNAR, RJ SIMONSON, JM PITZER, KS TI CACL2-H2O IN SUPERCRITICAL AND 2-PHASE RANGES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties CY JUN 19-24, 1994 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO SP NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Thermophys Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Heat Transfer Div, Comm Thermophys Properties HO UNIV COLORADO DE AQUEOUS SOLUTION; CALCIUM CHLORIDE; CRITICAL LINE; SUPERCRITICAL PROPERTIES ID SYNTHETIC FLUID INCLUSIONS; CRITICAL-TEMPERATURE; SYSTEM NACL-H2O; VAPOR; EQUILIBRIA; H2O AB Critical temperatures (T-c) and densities (rho(c)) for aqueous CaCl2 solutions were measured using two different optical techniques. Measurements of T-c were made using sealed silica capillaries containing 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 molal CaCl2(aq) solutions. The T-c values from these measurements are 661, 666, 678, and 738 K, respectively, Critical temperatures were also determined from measured homogenization temperatures and the observed mode of homogenization (i.e., to the liquid or vapor phase or by fading of the meniscus) in synthetic fluid inclusions. Critical temperatures determined by the second method For 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 molal CaCl2(aq) solutions are 680, 739, and 838 K, respectively. The T-c for 4.0 molal CaCl2(aq) was found to be in excess of 933 K. The capillary-tube measurements yield approximate values of the critical density rho(c), but do not give the critical pressure P-c. Approximate values of P-c are available, however, from other sources. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP OAKES, CS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Bodnar, Robert/A-1916-2009 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 483 EP 492 DI 10.1007/BF01441914 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA QU937 UT WOS:A1995QU93700020 ER PT J AU PITZER, KS STERNER, SM AF PITZER, KS STERNER, SM TI EQUATIONS OF STATE VALID CONTINUOUSLY FROM ZERO TO EXTREME PRESSURES WITH H2O AND CO2 AS EXAMPLES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties CY JUN 19-24, 1994 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO SP NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Thermophys Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Heat Transfer Div, Comm Thermophys Properties HO UNIV COLORADO DE CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUID PROPERTIES; HIGH PRESSURES; HIGH TEMPERATURES; WATER ID VOLUME-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SOLID CO2; ARGON; SHOCK; COMPRESSION; MIXTURES; WATER AB A new form of equation of state is proposed for use over extremely wide ranges of pressure where conventional equations fail. In particular, fluids, including H2O and CO2 as well as argon, etc., remain more compressible at very high densities than can be represented by typical equations with van der Waals or Carnahan and Starling repulsive terms. The new equation is fitted to the data for H2O and CO2 over the entire range from the vapor and liquid below the critical temperature to at least 2000 K and from zero pressure to more than 10(5) bar (10 GPa) with good agreement. The extension of the equation for mixed fluids is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV BAYREUTH,BAYER GEOINST,D-95440 BAYREUTH,GERMANY. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1007/BF01441917 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA QU937 UT WOS:A1995QU93700023 ER PT J AU DAVIS, MJ AF DAVIS, MJ TI ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY EXCITED VIBRATIONAL EIGENSTATES SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID CLASSICALLY CHAOTIC REPELLOR; EMISSION PUMPING SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY-LEVEL STATISTICS; PHASE-SPACE STRUCTURE; SEMICLASSICAL QUANTIZATION; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; BOUND-STATES; INTRAMOLECULAR DYNAMICS; DISPERSED FLUORESCENCE; HAMILTONIAN-SYSTEMS AB Methods for the analysis of highly excited vibrational eigenstates are presented. These include semiclassical and hierarchical analyses, along with a discussion of the nature of eigenstates along a correlation diagram. The purpose of the analyses is to extract information from what often appear to be complicated, 'unassignable' eigenstates. In particular, I address how to rationalize the nature of eigenstates via the semiclassical analysis and how to extract information concerning assignability and energy flow from the hierarchical analysis. The study of the eigenstates along a correlation diagram, together with the semiclassical analysis, is undertaken to address the issue of the classical-quantum correspondence when the classical mechanics is chaotic. RP DAVIS, MJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 117 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-235X EI 1366-591X J9 INT REV PHYS CHEM JI Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 1 BP 15 EP 66 DI 10.1080/01442359509353303 PG 52 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QK651 UT WOS:A1995QK65100002 ER PT J AU KEMP, K FISTER, S MCLAUGHLIN, PJ AF KEMP, K FISTER, S MCLAUGHLIN, PJ TI ACADEMIC STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN WITH ADD SO INTERVENTION IN SCHOOL AND CLINIC LA English DT Article AB Offers a systematic approach to teaching basic academic skills to children with ADD. C1 UTAH STATE OFF EDUC,SALT LAKE CITY,UT. UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. US DOE,ADD SPECIAL PROJECT,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRO-ED INC PI AUSTIN PA 8700 SHOAL CREEK BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78757-6897 SN 1053-4512 J9 INTERV SCH CLIN JI Interv. Sch. Clin. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 4 BP 203 EP 210 PG 8 WC Education, Special SC Education & Educational Research GA QL231 UT WOS:A1995QL23100003 ER PT J AU BERNARDIN, MP LEHNERT, BE AF BERNARDIN, MP LEHNERT, BE TI MODEL OF PARTICLE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE RELATIONSHIPS DURING THE ALVEOLAR CLEARANCE OF A LOW LUNG BURDEN OF INSTILLED PARTICLES SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID REDISTRIBUTION PHENOMENON; INSOLUBLE PARTICLES; DEPOSITION; RAT; RETENTION; KINETICS; PROLIFERATION; TRANSLOCATION; EXPOSURE AB A model of particle-alveolar macrophage relationships during alveolar-phase clearance of a low burden of insoluble particles From the rat's lung is developed. Model development begins with transport of particle-containing alveolar macrophages (AM) out of the alveoli via the tracheobronchial route as the only operative clearance mechanism, and it advances with the inclusion of AM proliferation, and AM autolysis and the rephagocytosis of freed particles as additional operative mechanisms. At each stage of development, simulated results are compared with data obtained from a previous study of AM during the alveolar clearance of a low burden of insoluble polystyrene microspheres (Lehnert et al. (1989) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 1, 145-154). We find that: (1) the transport of the particle-containing AM from the lungs is consistent with a transport mechanism that is Lime-dependent, characterized by more rapid AM removal at earlier times and slower AM removal al later post-depositional times, (2) AM proliferation with allocations of particles to progeny cells is an absolutely vital component to the model, which, along with tracheobronchial transport, forms the basis or zeroth-order portion of the model, and (3) for times well after the post-particle depositional period, AM autolysis and the rephagocytosis of freed particles are first-order type physiological mechanisms that act to refine simulations of the particle-AM relationship data. Overall, our final model predictions are shown to be in close agreement with the actual experimental data. The model supports an AM removal rate that varies continuously from an initial value of 3.0% of the resident population per day to a final value of 0.35% of the AM population per day, and an AM proliferation rate 0.85% per day. These values for both the transport-rate range and the AM proliferation rate are consistent with previously reported values. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BERNARDIN, MP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,MS B259,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 26 IS 2 BP 319 EP 333 DI 10.1016/0021-8502(94)00097-I PG 15 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QK935 UT WOS:A1995QK93500011 ER PT J AU BRANAGAN, DJ MCCALLUM, RW AF BRANAGAN, DJ MCCALLUM, RW TI SOLUBILITY OF TI WITH C IN THE ND2FE14B SYSTEM AND CONTROLLED CARBIDE PRECIPITATION SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE ANNEALING; CRYSTALLIZATION; MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE ID B PERMANENT-MAGNETS; COERCIVITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; MECHANISM AB An investigation has been launched to understand the unique solubility of titanium with carbon in the Nd2Fe14B system. In order to restrict grain growth effectively, a stable dispersion of many fine precipitates must be formed. In order to form an effective dispersion, the solubilities of the precipitating elements should be understood. This includes the liquid and solid solubilities as well as the equilibrium and non-equilibrium solubilities. Samples made by ingot casting and melt-spinning were examined. The solubility limit of titanium and carbon in the liquid phase was found to be between 4 and 6 at.% Ti+C. Once the solubility limit of the liquid is exceeded, primary TIC precipitates form in the liquid at high temperatures. The maximum solid solubility in the 2-14-1 phase depends on the existence of other phases and is found to be cooling-rate-dependent. For TiC, the solid solubility is found to equal the liquid solubility. The cooling-rate dependence indicates that the titanium and carbon exist in supersaturated solid solution. The equilibrium solubility in the 2-14-1 phase is found to be less than or equal to 0.06 wt.% Ti. Owing to its favorable solubility, TiC is found to be an exemplary alloying addition in the Nd,Fe,,B system, and can be used to alter beneficially the extrinsic properties of the microstructure while maintaining the excellent intrinsic properties of the hard magnetic phase. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP BRANAGAN, DJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 218 IS 2 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)01393-4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QN004 UT WOS:A1995QN00400006 ER PT J AU ALLEN, LA PANG, HM WARREN, AR HOUK, RS AF ALLEN, LA PANG, HM WARREN, AR HOUK, RS TI SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF ISOTOPE RATIOS IN SOLIDS BY LASER-ABLATION WITH A TWIN QUADRUPOLE INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETER SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Biennial National-Atomic-Spectroscopy-Society Meeting CY JUL 20-22, 1994 CL KINGSTON HULL, ENGLAND SP NATL ATOMIC SPECT SOC DE LASER ABLATION; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; ISOTOPE RATIO; SOLIDS ANALYSIS ID ATOMIC-EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; LEAD AB A twin quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer is used with laser ablation sample introduction in both the steady state (10 Hz) and single pulse modes. The twin quadrupole instrument allows the measurement of ions at two m/z values simultaneously. A 10 Hz laser produces a noisy, steady-state ion signal in both channels. The signals are highly correlated and the majority of flicker noise cancels when the ratio is calculated. Isotope ratios for copper are measured with an RSD of 0.26%. Transient signals for single laser pulses are also obtained. The integrated peak area of the transient signals is correlated even when flicker noise on the transient is present. Copper isotope ratio measurements for several laser pulses are measured with an RSD of 0.85%. For a single pulse the RSD is 1.6%. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 267 EP 271 DI 10.1039/ja9951000267 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA QN125 UT WOS:A1995QN12500015 ER PT J AU DRAKE, TG WALTON, OR AF DRAKE, TG WALTON, OR TI COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATED GRAIN FLOWS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID GRANULAR FLOWS; ASSEMBLIES; SPHERES AB Fully three-dimensional computer simulations of identical spheres flowing in an inclined glass-walled channel only slightly wider than a particle diameter successfully reproduce profiles of mean velocity, bulk density, and particle rotations as well as profiles of fluctuating quantities measured from high-speed motion pictures of physical experiments. All simulation parameters are measured experimentally. Both full simulations of the geometry of the physical experiments and simulations using periodic boundary conditions in the downchute direction are used to gather micromechanical information. For these collision-dominated flows, quantitative predictions of the simulations are relatively insensitive to details of the particle-interaction model and particularly the particle stiffness, but are relatively sensitive to extraneous fluid drag forces and the chute geometry. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP DRAKE, TG (reprint author), SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,CTR COASTAL STUDIES,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1995 VL 62 IS 1 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.1115/1.2895893 PG 5 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA QR187 UT WOS:A1995QR18700018 ER PT J AU FAST, JD OSTEEN, BL ADDIS, RP AF FAST, JD OSTEEN, BL ADDIS, RP TI ADVANCED ATMOSPHERIC MODELING FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Specialty Conference on the Role of Meteorology in Managing the Environment in the 90s CY JAN, 1993 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, AMER METEOROL SOC ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA-ASSIMILATION; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; AREA MESOSCALE MODEL; NUMERICAL-MODEL; COMPLEX TERRAIN; DISPERSION; SIMULATION; PREDICTION; TRANSPORT; FLUXES AB Atmospheric transport and diffusion models are an important part of emergency response systems for industrial facilities that have the potential to release significant quantities of toxic or radioactive material into the atmosphere. An advanced atmospheric transport and diffusion modeling system for emergency response and environmental applications, based upon a three-dimensional mesoscale model, has been developed for the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site so that complex, time-dependent flow fields not explicitly measured can be routinely simulated. To overcome some of the current computational demands of mesoscale models, two operational procedures for the advanced atmospheric transport and diffusion modeling system are described including 1) a semiprognostic calculation to produce high-resolution wind fields for local pollutant transport in the vicinity of the Savannah River Site and 2) a fully prognostic calculation to produce a regional wind field encompassing the southeastern United States for larger-scale pollutant problems. Local and regional observations and large-scale model output are used by the mesoscale model for the initial conditions, lateral boundary conditions, and four-dimensional data assimilation procedure. This paper describes the current status of the modeling system and presents two case studies demonstrating the capabilities of both modes of operation. While the results from the case studies shown in this paper are preliminary and certainly not definitive, they do suggest that the mesoscale model has the potential for improving the prognostic capabilities of atmospheric modeling for emergency response at the Savannah River Site. Long-term model evaluation will be required to determine under what conditions significant forecast errors exist. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 3 BP 626 EP 649 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<0626:AAMFER>2.0.CO;2 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QK452 UT WOS:A1995QK45200005 ER PT J AU POULOS, GS BOSSERT, JE AF POULOS, GS BOSSERT, JE TI AN OBSERVATIONAL AND PROGNOSTIC NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF COMPLEX TERRAIN DISPERSION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Specialty Conference on the Role of Meteorology in Managing the Environment in the 90s CY JAN, 1993 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, AMER METEOROL SOC ID MODEL AB The Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain Program conducted a held experiment at the interface of the Rocky Mountains and the Great Plains in the winter of 1991. Extensive meteorological observations were taken in northeastern Colorado near Rocky Flats to characterize overnight conditions in the region. Simultaneously, a tracer dispersion experiment using over 130 samplers to track plume development was conducted by Rocky Flats facility personnel. These two datasets provided an opportunity to investigate the accuracy and applicability of a fully prognostic, primitive equation, mesoscale model to the simulation of complex terrain dispersion. Meteorological conditions in the Rocky Flats region are forecast for selected case nights using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System initialized with sounding data taken during the experiment. The forecast winds and temperature are used in a Lagrangian particle dispersion model to predict tracer plume transport. The results of both models are compared to observations taken during the experimental period and qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. It is found that this modeling system is able to reproduce many features of the observed meteorology and dispersion for four overnight cases. Quantitatively, maximum ground concentrations are generally found to be within a factor of 2 of observations and located radially within approximately 50 degrees of azimuth of the observed location. Additional model sensitivity simulations define the role of local terrain features on Rocky Flats area dispersion and indicate the need for improved model initialization techniques when multiple data sources are available. These experiments reveal a promising future for the application of prognostic mesoscale models to emergency response problems in regions of complex terrain. RP POULOS, GS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,MS D401,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 3 BP 650 EP 669 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<0650:AOAPNI>2.0.CO;2 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QK452 UT WOS:A1995QK45200006 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, S ZHAO, XP TURCO, RP KAO, CYJ SHEN, M AF ELLIOTT, S ZHAO, XP TURCO, RP KAO, CYJ SHEN, M TI PHOTOCHEMICAL NUMERICS FOR GLOBAL-SCALE MODELING - FIDELITY AND GCM TESTING SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Specialty Conference on the Role of Meteorology in Managing the Environment in the 90s CY JAN, 1993 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, AMER METEOROL SOC ID ACID DEPOSITION MODEL; 2ND-GENERATION MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE PRODUCTION; CHEMICAL TRACER MODEL; URBAN AIR-POLLUTION; NITROGEN-OXIDES; ANTARCTIC OZONE; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; STRATOSPHERIC OZONE; 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL AB Atmospheric photochemistry lies at the heart of global-scale pollution problems, but it is a nonlinear system embedded in nonlinear transport and so must be modeled in three dimensions. Total earth grids are massive and kinetics require dozens of interacting tracers, taxing supercomputers to their limits in global calculations. A matrix-free and noniterative family scheme is described that permits chemical step sizes an order of magnitude or more larger than time constants for molecular groupings, in the 1-h range used for transport. Families are partitioned through linearized implicit integrations that produce stabilizing species concentrations for a mass-conserving forward solver. The kinetics are also parallelized by moving geographic loops innermost and changes in the continuity equations are automated through list reading. The combination of speed, parallelization, and automation renders the programs naturally modular. Accuracy lies within 1% for all species in week-long fidelity tests. A 50-species, 150-reaction stratospheric module tested in a spectral GCM benchmarks at 10 min CPU time per day and agrees with lower-dimensionality simulations. Tropospheric nonmethane hydrocarbon chemistry will soon be added, and inherently three-dimensional phenomena will be investigated both decoupled from dynamics and in a complete chemical GCM. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP ELLIOTT, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,GEOANAL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 226 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 3 BP 694 EP 718 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<0694:PNFGSM>2.0.CO;2 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QK452 UT WOS:A1995QK45200009 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, S ROWLAND, FS AF ELLIOTT, S ROWLAND, FS TI METHYL HALIDE HYDROLYSIS RATES IN NATURAL-WATERS SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE METHYL BROMIDE; OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIAL; HYDROLYSIS ID OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIALS; BROMIDE; CHEMISTRY AB International regulations are under consideration for methyl bromide because of its high time dependent ozone depletion potential. Geocycling of the species is not well understood, and removal may occur in several types of natural water incuding the oceanic and those in soils. The hydrolysis reaction is a dominant loss pathway in environmental aqueous systems, but rate constants have generally been reported only in distilled water and at greater than room temperature. Here we present measurements in sodium chloride solutions and in seawater in addition to pure water, and at temperatures across the oceanographic range. The reaction could be followed even in solutions near the freezing point because product methanol was monitored in the method of initial rates. Time constants for methyl bromide hydrolysis fall between 10 and 1000 days over the temperatures of the sea, and are always within an order of magnitude of the fastest abiotic destruction mode, chlorination. Activation energies for the two processes are similar so that the ratio of their time scales does not vary with oceanic location. Hydrolysis rate constants are also listed for the closely related compounds methyls iodide and chloride. Solvolysis of the methyl halides in natural waters acts as a source of methanol to the ocean and atmosphere. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT CHEM,IRVINE,CA 92715. RP ELLIOTT, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,GEOANAL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7764 J9 J ATMOS CHEM JI J. Atmos. Chem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 20 IS 3 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1007/BF00694495 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RJ175 UT WOS:A1995RJ17500002 ER PT J AU WURZLER, S FLOSSMANN, AI PRUPPACHER, HR SCHWARTZ, SE AF WURZLER, S FLOSSMANN, AI PRUPPACHER, HR SCHWARTZ, SE TI THE SCAVENGING OF NITRATE BY CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CLOUD PHYSICS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; NITRATE SCAVENGING; AIR PARCEL MODEL ID WESTERN ATLANTIC PRECIPITATION; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; (NH4)2SO4 PARTICLES; PARTICULATE NITRATE; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; MARINE AEROSOLS; WET REMOVAL; NITRIC-ACID; WIND-TUNNEL AB A model with spectral microphysics was developed to describe the scavenging of nitrate aerosol particles and HNO3 gas. This model was incorporated into the dynamic framework of an entraining air parcel model with which we computed the uptake of nitrate by cloud drops whose size distribution changes with time because of condensation, collision-coalescence and break-up. Significant differences were found between the scavenging behavior of nitrate and our former results on the scavenging behavior of sulfate. These reflect the following chemical and microphysical differences between the two systems: (1) nitrate particles occur in a larger size range than sulfate particles. (2) HNO3 has a much greater solubility than SO2 and is taken up irreversibly inside the drops in contrast to SO2. (3) nitric acid in the cloud water is formed directly on uptake of HNO3 gas whereas on uptake of SO2 sulfuric acid is formed only after the reaction with oxidizing agents such as e.g., H2O2 or O-3. (4) nitrate resulting from uptake of HNO3 is confined mainly to small drops, whereas sulfate resulting from uptake of SO2 is most concentrated in the largest, oldest drops, which have had the greatest time for reaction. Sensitivity studies showed that the nitrate concentration of small drops is significantly affected by the mass accommodation coefficient. C1 UNIV CLERMONT FERRAND,CLERMONT FERRAND,FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WURZLER, S (reprint author), UNIV MAINZ,INST ATMOSPHER PHYS,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; Flossmann, Andrea/0000-0002-4484-6425 NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7764 J9 J ATMOS CHEM JI J. Atmos. Chem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 20 IS 3 BP 259 EP 280 DI 10.1007/BF00694497 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RJ175 UT WOS:A1995RJ17500004 ER PT J AU Pushnik, JC Demaree, RS Houpis, JLJ Flory, WB Bauer, SM Anderson, PD AF Pushnik, JC Demaree, RS Houpis, JLJ Flory, WB Bauer, SM Anderson, PD TI The effect of elevated carbon dioxide on a Sierra-Nevadan dominant species: Pinus ponderosa SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Science Conference CY MAY 23-27, 1994 CL WOODS HOLE, MA DE elevated CO2; Pinus ponderosa; growth; morphometry; photosynthesis; ribulose-bis-phosphate carboxylase; sucrose phosphate synthase ID SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; CO2 ENRICHMENT; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LEAF ANATOMY; GROWTH; SEEDLINGS; RADIATA; TREES; FORMS AB The impact of increasing atmospheric CO2 has not been fully evaluated on western coniferous forest species. Two year old seedlings of Pinus ponderosa were grown in environmentally controlled chambers under increased CO2 conditions (525 mu L L(-1) and 700 mu L L(-1)) for 6 months. These trees exhibited morphological, physiological and biochemical alterations when compared to our controls (350 mu L L(-1)). Analysis of whole plant biomass distribution has shown no significant treatment effect to the root to shoot ratios. However, while stem diameter and height growth generally increased with elevated CO2, needles exhibited an increased overall specific needle mass and a decreased total needle area. Morphological changes at the needle level included decreased mesophyll to vascular tissue ratio and variations in starch storage in chloroplasts. The elevated CO2 increased internal CO2 concentrations and assimilation of carbon. Biochemical assays revealed that ribulose-bis-phosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) specific activities increased on per unit area basis with CO2 treatment levels. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities exhibited an increase of 55% in the 700 mu L(-1) treatment. These results indicate that the sink-source relationships of these trees have shifted carbon allocation toward above ground growth, possibly due to transport limitations. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. US FOREST SERV,FOREST SERV LAB,RHINELANDER,WI 54501. RP Pushnik, JC (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL SCI,CHICO,CA 95929, USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD MAR-MAY PY 1995 VL 22 IS 2-3 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.2307/2845918 PG 6 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA TR055 UT WOS:A1995TR05500012 ER PT J AU Amthor, JS AF Amthor, JS TI Predicting effects of atmospheric CO2 partial pressure on forest photosynthesis SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Science Conference CY MAY 23-27, 1994 CL WOODS HOLE, MA DE carbon dioxide (CO2); forest; mechanistic model; photosynthesis ID DECIDUOUS FOREST; GAS-EXCHANGE; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; SOLAR-RADIATION; ELEVATED CO2; RISING CO2; C-3 PLANTS; MODELS; CANOPY; GROWTH AB A mechanistic (i.e. hierarchic or explanatory) model of forest canopy mass and energy exchange that has been previously tested with eddy-correlation measurements in the field - albeit only at present ambient CO2 partial pressure - was used to predict photosynthetic response of a deciduous Quercus-Acer forest in eastern North America to atmospheric CO2 partial pressure. Four partial pressures of CO2 were used in simulations: 28 (pre-industrial), 36 (present), 54 and 72 Pa. This is (one of) the first set(s) of predictions of forest photosynthetic response to CO2 partial pressure made by a mechanistic forest physiology model shown to accurately predict independent field measurements of whole-forest CO2 exchange at the hourly time scale. The model includes a biochemically based Farquhar-type model of leaf mesophyll CO2 assimilation, which is central to its ability to predict photosynthetic response to different CO2 partial pressures. Whole-forest photosynthesis was positively related to CO2 partial pressure, as expected. This was the case under both clear and cloudy skies, but the relative response to CO2 was greater under a clear sky compared to a cloudy sky (the clear sky day was also warmer). Instantaneous water use efficiency (mel CO2 assimilated per mol H2O transpired) was positively related to atmospheric CO2 partial pressure for all conditions included in the simulations. Model predictions indicate that (1) present forest photosynthesis and water use efficiency may be significantly greater than they were in pre-industrial times (per unit ground area of forest) and (2) future higher CO2 partial pressures could further stimulate forest photosynthesis and water use efficiency, unless future climatic changes have significant negative effects on photosynthesis or acclimation and adaptation processes markedly downregulate photosynthesis in response to greater CO2 partial pressure. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,GLOBAL CLIMATE RES DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Amthor, JS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,HLTH & ECOL ASSESSMENT DIV,L-256,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD MAR-MAY PY 1995 VL 22 IS 2-3 BP 269 EP 280 DI 10.2307/2845921 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA TR055 UT WOS:A1995TR05500015 ER PT J AU Wigmosta, MS Leung, LR Rykiel, EJ AF Wigmosta, MS Leung, LR Rykiel, EJ TI Regional modelling of climate-terrestrial ecosystem interactions SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Science Conference CY MAY 23-27, 1994 CL WOODS HOLE, MA DE gas-induced climate change; regional modelling systems; Montana; ecological effects; terrestrial ecosystems ID SYSTEME HYDROLOGIQUE EUROPEEN; DISTRIBUTED MODELING SYSTEM; WATERSHED SCALE; FOREST; PARAMETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION; SHE AB To evaluate the impacts of greenhouse gas-induced climate change on terrestrial ecosystems requires linkage of the biospheric to the atmospheric and hydrologic components of the earth system. A regional modelling system (PNL/RESIM) is being developed at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory to address this scientific issue. At the current stage of development, the modelling system consists of one-way coupled physically based process models of the atmosphere and watershed hydrology including simple vegetation effects. The atmospheric submodel is adapted from the NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model (MM5) with added climate physics and a subgrid parameterization of orographic precipitation. The atmospheric model has been evaluated by driving the model with Observed boundary conditions for the Pacific Northwest and comparing simulation results to observations from weather stations. The meteorological outputs (horizontal resolution similar to 1.5 km) are being used to drive the hydrology submodel. This model has components for canopy interception, evaporation, transpiration, snow accumulation and melt, as well as runoff generation. Digital elevation data are used to model topographic controls on absorbed solar radiation, air temperature, precipitation and downslope water movement. When driven with the observed meteorology, the model has been tested against recorded streamflow and AVHRR-based spatial snow cover data from the Middle Fork Flathead River, Montana. Results obtained from coupling the atmosphere and hydrology models will be evaluated to determine if this approach to regional modelling is feasible and can provide the spatial and temporal resolution necessary to simulate the ecological effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. The next step in developing RESIM is the addition of ecological processes to implement dynamics in the vegetation component to address this aspect of ecosystem structure and composition. RP Wigmosta, MS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD MAR-MAY PY 1995 VL 22 IS 2-3 BP 453 EP 465 DI 10.2307/2845942 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA TR055 UT WOS:A1995TR05500036 ER PT J AU LIANG, XH MUNGAL, S AYSCUE, A MEISSNER, JD WODNICKI, P HOCKENBERY, D LOCKETT, S HERMAN, B AF LIANG, XH MUNGAL, S AYSCUE, A MEISSNER, JD WODNICKI, P HOCKENBERY, D LOCKETT, S HERMAN, B TI BCL-2 PROTOONCOGENE EXPRESSION IN CERVICAL-CARCINOMA CELL-LINES CONTAINING INACTIVE P53 SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE BCL-2; P53; HPV; CERVICAL CARCINOMA; APOPTOSIS ID WILD-TYPE P53; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16; HUMAN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA; MYELOID LEUKEMIC-CELLS; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GENE-PRODUCT; C-MYC; PROTEIN; CANCER AB Bcl-2 protein expression has been found to block apoptosis and its overexpression has been implicated in lymphoid malignancies where the chromosomal translocation t(14;18) is present. In this study we investigated bcl-2 transcription and protein expression in cultured cervical carcinoma cell lines and keratinocytes. Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated bcl-2 expression in the cytoplasm of 4 out of 5 cervical carcinoma cell lines examined (HeLa, CaSki, C-33A, and HT-3, but not SiHa). Bcl-2 protein expression was undetectable in normal keratinocytes. None of the cell lines examined demonstrated chromosomal translocation or rearrangement at the major breakpoint-cluster region (MBR) of the bcl-2 gene using either Southern blot or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. Northern blot analysis demonstrated low levels of bcl-2 transcription in HeLa, CaSki, and C-33A cell lines while reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR demonstrated bcl-2 transcription in all cervical carcinoma cell lines which had bcl-2 protein expression. Thus, these data suggest that bcl-2 expression occurs in cervical carcinoma cell lines in the absence of chromosomal translocation or rearrangement of the bcl-2 gene. However, each of these cervical carcinoma cell lines contains inactive p53, either due to mutation (C-33A and HT-3) or via complexation and degradation with human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 E6 protein (HeLa and CaSki). Thus, functional p53, which can induce apoptosis in certain cells, is not present in these cervical cells which have increased bcl-2 expression. Increased bcl-2 expression under conditions of p53 inactivation may provide cells with a selective advantage for survival and consequently play a role in the development of cervical carcinogenesis. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,CELL BIOL LABS,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,LINEBERGER COMPREHENS CANC CTR,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98104. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA51323] NR 62 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 57 IS 3 BP 509 EP 521 DI 10.1002/jcb.240570316 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QJ118 UT WOS:A1995QJ11800015 PM 7768985 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, DW BRADFORTH, SE KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM AF ARNOLD, DW BRADFORTH, SE KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM TI STUDY OF HALOGEN CARBON-DIOXIDE CLUSTERS AND THE FLUOROFORMYLOXYL RADICAL BY PHOTODETACHMENT OF X(-)(CO2) (X=I,CL,BR) AND FCO2- SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTED MULTIPOLE ANALYSIS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; GAS-PHASE; INFRARED CHEMILUMINESCENCE; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; NEGATIVE-IONS; COMPLEXES; STATE; TRANSITION; GEOMETRIES C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Bradforth, Stephen/B-5186-2008; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Bradforth, Stephen/0000-0002-6164-3347; Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 58 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 9 BP 3493 EP 3509 DI 10.1063/1.468575 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QH968 UT WOS:A1995QH96800001 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, DW BRADFORTH, SE KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM AF ARNOLD, DW BRADFORTH, SE KIM, EH NEUMARK, DM TI STUDY OF I-(CO2)N, BR-(CO2)N, AND I-(N2O)N CLUSTERS BY ANION PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE ION EQUILIBRIA; GAS-PHASE; WATER CLUSTERS; APROTIC-SOLVENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NEGATIVE-IONS; IODINE ANION; HALIDE-IONS; SPECTRA C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV CHEM SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Bradforth, Stephen/B-5186-2008; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Bradforth, Stephen/0000-0002-6164-3347; Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 73 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 9 BP 3510 EP 3518 DI 10.1063/1.468576 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QH968 UT WOS:A1995QH96800002 ER PT J AU BRAUNSTEIN, M MARTIN, RL HAY, PJ AF BRAUNSTEIN, M MARTIN, RL HAY, PJ TI INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF TRIPLET-STATES IN THE WULF BANDS OF OZONE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONICALLY EXCITED OZONE; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; FLASH IRRADIATION; DIFFUSE STRUCTURE; CHAPPUIS BAND; SPECTRA; PHOTODISSOCIATION; DISSOCIATION; SURFACES; ENERGY C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 102 IS 9 BP 3662 EP 3666 DI 10.1063/1.468595 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA QH968 UT WOS:A1995QH96800016 ER PT J AU GALLAGHER, PG WEED, SA TSE, WT BENOIT, L MORROW, JS MARCHESI, SL MOHANDAS, N FORGET, BG AF GALLAGHER, PG WEED, SA TSE, WT BENOIT, L MORROW, JS MARCHESI, SL MOHANDAS, N FORGET, BG TI RECURRENT FATAL HYDROPS-FETALIS ASSOCIATED WITH A NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION IN THE ERYTHROCYTE BETA-SPECTRIN GENE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE HEMOLYSIS; HEREDITARY ELLIPTOCYTOSIS; MEMBRANE SKELETON; SPECTRIN; HYDROPS FETALIS ID DELETIONAL FRAMESHIFT MUTATION; EXON-INTRON ORGANIZATION; SPLICE SITE MUTATION; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; RED-CELL SPECTRIN; HEREDITARY ELLIPTOCYTOSIS; SELF-ASSOCIATION; CHAIN VARIANT; MECHANICAL STABILITY; FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS AB We studied a kindred in which four third-trimester fetal losses occurred, associated with severe Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia and hydrops fetalis. Postmortem examination of two infants revealed extensive extramedullary erythropoiesis. Studies of erythrocytes and erythrocyte membranes from the parents revealed abnormal erythrocyte membrane mechanical stability as well as structural and functional abnormalities in spectrin, the principal structural protein of the erythrocyte membrane. Genetic studies identified a point mutation of the beta-spectrin gene, S2019P, in a region of beta spectrin that is critical for normal spectrin function. Both parents and two living children were heterozygous for this mutation; three infants dying of hydrops fetalis were homozygous for this mutation. In an in vitro assay using recombinant peptides, the mutant beta-spectrin peptide demonstrated a significant abnormality in its ability to interact with alpha spectrin. This is the first description of a molecular defect of the erythrocyte membrane associated with hydrops fetalis. C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NEW HAVEN,CT 06437. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06437. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06437. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,NEW HAVEN,CT 06437. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GALLAGHER, PG (reprint author), YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,HEMATOL SECT,WWW 4,333 CEDAR ST,POB 208021,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. NR 59 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1174 EP 1182 DI 10.1172/JCI117766 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA QM012 UT WOS:A1995QM01200036 PM 7883966 ER PT J AU PLIMPTON, S AF PLIMPTON, S TI FAST PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR SHORT-RANGE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LINK-CELL; SIMULATIONS; PARTICLES; COMPUTERS; IMPLEMENTATION; DECOMPOSITION; STRATEGY; SURFACES; NETWORK; DESIGN AB Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region, The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently-those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly, They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers-the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Gray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems, for large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Gray C90 processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP PLIMPTON, S (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT PARALLEL COMPUTAT SCI 1421,MS 1111,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 NR 56 TC 9568 Z9 9714 U1 111 U2 843 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.1006/jcph.1995.1039 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA QK448 UT WOS:A1995QK44800001 ER PT J AU AINSWORTH, CC RAI, D SMITH, SC AF AINSWORTH, CC RAI, D SMITH, SC TI CAUSE AND REMEDIATION OF HYDROGEN-SULFIDE EMISSIONS FROM A SODIUM-BASED FLUE-GAS DESULFURIZATION SLUDGE DISPOSAL POND SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MINERAL SOLUBILITIES; NATURAL-WATERS; PREDICTION; OXIDATION; KINETICS; SYSTEM AB A flue gas desulfurization (FGD) sludge disposal pond with a history of H2S emissions to the atmosphere was studied to determine the cause of emissions and remediation strategies. The pond receives sludge and associated waters from a single-pass Na2CO3 flue gas scrubber unit. The pond water is a sodic alkaline brine with large SO3 and S2O3 concentrations (>5000 mg L(-1)), and hence, an elevated chemical O-2 demand. The pond water H2S concentrations are small as a result of periodic H2O2 additions. The sediments, however, have as much as 3500 mg L(-1) H2S in the pore water. The production of H2S appeared to originate from the sediments and diffuses through the anoxic water column with little oxidation. Large concentrations of the reduced sulfur species SO3 and S2O3 were present as a result of the hue gas desulfurization process and incomplete oxidation of H2S. The pond was reconstructed to circulate the water through an air injection system that was designed to oxidize the SO3 and S2O3 to SO4, and thereby reduce the chemical O-2 demand. After the installation of the air injection system, emissions of H2S ceased and the concentrations of SO3 and S2O3 were reduced by at least a factor of 10 within 3 to 4 wk. The production of H2S in the sediments, however, did not appear to be affected, nor did it appear that it will be reduced in the future by the air injection system. RP AINSWORTH, CC (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, INTERFACIAL GEOCHEM GRP, K3-61,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 24 IS 2 BP 286 EP 292 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QN677 UT WOS:A1995QN67700010 ER PT J AU SACKSCHEWSKY, MR KEMP, CJ LINK, SO WAUGH, WJ AF SACKSCHEWSKY, MR KEMP, CJ LINK, SO WAUGH, WJ TI SOIL-WATER BALANCE CHANGES IN ENGINEERED SOIL SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REGIONS; COVER AB Permanent disposal of radioactive waste requires the construction of isolation barriers that minimize both recharge and erosion. Recharge can be prevented by storing precipitation near the surface so that it will be returned to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration. Erosion can be reduced with gravel mulch, but thick gravel layers may increase recharge. Gravel mixed into the surface soil may provide erosion protection without increasing recharge. To compare the effects that erosion control has on infiltration, two lysimeter experiments were conducted to examine the effects of sand and gravel mulches and gravel admixtures, using two precipitation regimens and with or without vegetation. Sand and gravel mulch increased soil-column water storage and decreased evapotranspiration compared with a plain soil surface. Gravel admixtures did not significantly affect the soil water balance compared with plain soil surfaces. Vegetation increased evapotranspiration and decreased soil moisture storage compared with nonvegetated treatments. Irrigation greatly increased evapotranspiration but had little effect on soil water storage. Drainage was detected from sand and gravel-mulch lysimeters, but not from lysimeters with a plain-soil or gravel-admixture surface. Results are significant for isolation barrier designs in mid sites: (i) a nonvegetated gravel-mulch surface eventually will result in recharge, even under low precipitation (160 mm/yr); and (ii) a soil column with a plain-soil or gravel-admixture surface is capable of recycling all water back to the atmosphere, even under high-precipitation (450 mm/yr). C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. US DOE, ENVIRONM SCI LAB, GRAND JUNCTION PROJECTS OFF, GRAND JCT, CO 81503 USA. RP SACKSCHEWSKY, MR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 24 IS 2 BP 352 EP 359 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QN677 UT WOS:A1995QN67700018 ER PT J AU FISHER, SK LINGENFELSER, JT JAGOE, CH DALLAS, CE AF FISHER, SK LINGENFELSER, JT JAGOE, CH DALLAS, CE TI EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CRYOPRESERVATION OF ISOLATED ERYTHROCYTES AND LEUKOCYTES OF LARGEMOUTH BASS BY FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LARGEMOUTH BASS; ERYTHROCYTES; LEUKOCYTES; CRYOPRESERVATION; FLOW CYTOMETRY; MORPHOLOGY; DNA CONTENT; COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION ID PERCOLL GRADIENT; FISH; RESERVOIR; SCRIPTA; DAMAGE; CELLS AB We examined the effects of separation and freezing on fish leukocyte and erythrocyte morphology by light microscopy and on DNA content as measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Leukocytes and erythrocytes of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides were isolated by density gradient centrifugation of whole blood, and frozen in liquid nitrogen in a buffer containing DMSO as a cryopreservative. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the G(0)/G(1) peak of the cells was used to assess variation in nuclear DNA content within cell populations before and after separation and freezing treatments. In erythrocytes, the CV did not change significantly (P>0.05) when nuclei were isolated and stained without freezing or when erythrocytes were frozen prior to nuclear isolation and staining. In leukocytes, freezing and thawing prior to isolation and staining of nuclei significantly increased the CV (P<0.05), and produced hyperdiploid shoulders of the G(0)/G(1) peak. However, the CV of leukocyte nuclei that were isolated and stained prior to freezing and the CV of non-frozen leukocyte nuclei did not differ (p>0.05). Microscopy showed that the freezing protocol had little effect on erythrocyte morphology, but caused irregular swelling in leukocytes. Freezing intact leukocytes also signifcantly (P<0.05) altered the apparent distribution of cells among the phases of the cell cycle as measured by FCM. The distributions of leukocyte nuclei that were isolated and stained prior to freezing were not different to non-frozen leukocytes. DNA measurements of nucleated blood cells are widely used in physiological, genetic and toxicological studies. Our results suggest that whole blood and erythrocytes for use in such studies can be frozen whole using a simple protocol, but leukocyte nuclei must be isolated and stained before freezing to avoid serious artifacts. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DB WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP FISHER, SK (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 46 IS 3 BP 432 EP 441 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05983.x PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA QU523 UT WOS:A1995QU52300007 ER PT J AU BUTTIGHOFFER, A PICK, M ROELOF, EC HOANG, S MANGENEY, A LANZEROTTI, LJ FORSYTH, RJ PHILLIPS, JL AF BUTTIGHOFFER, A PICK, M ROELOF, EC HOANG, S MANGENEY, A LANZEROTTI, LJ FORSYTH, RJ PHILLIPS, JL TI CORONAL ELECTRON STREAM AND LANGMUIR WAVE DETECTION INSIDE A PROPAGATION CHANNEL AT 4.3 AU SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR; EVENTS AB Observations of an energetic interplanetary electron event associated with the production of Langmuir waves, both of which are identified at 4.3 AU by instruments on the Ulysses spacecraft, are presented in this paper. This electron event propagates inside a well-defined magnetic structure. The existence of this structure is firmly established by joint particle and plasma observations made by Ulysses instruments. Its local estimated radial width is of the order of 2.3 x 10(7) km (0.15 AU). The electron beam is associated with a type III burst observed from Earth at high frequencies and at low frequencies from Ulysses in association with Langmuir waves detected inside the structure. The consistency of local (Ulysses) and remote (Earth) observations in terms of temporal and geometrical considerations establishes that the structure is anchored in the solar corona near the solar active region responsible for the observed type III emission and gives an accurate determination of the injection time for the observed electron beam. The width on the solar surface of the structure is estimated to be 6000 km. Propagation analysis of the electron event is presented. It is shown that this event is nearly scatter-free. Ion plasma velocity variations inside the structure were very small in amplitude as well as in direction. The magnetic field inside this structure was also very quiet and organized. In order to quantify the magnetic field properties, a variance analysis has been performed and is presented in this paper. The analysis establishes that inside the structure the amount of magnetic energy involved in the fluctuations is less than 4% of the total magnetic energy; the minimal variance direction is well defined and in coincidence with the direction of the mean magnetic field. This configuration may produce conditions favorable for scatter free streaming of energetic electrons and/or Langmuir wave production. The results presented show that the magnetic field might play a role in stabilizing the coronal-origin plasma structures and then preserving them to large, similar to 4 AU, distances in the heliosphere. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. OBSERV PARIS,DESPA,CNRS,URA 264,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20723. RP BUTTIGHOFFER, A (reprint author), OBSERV PARIS,DASOP,CNRS,URA 1756,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A3 BP 3369 EP 3381 DI 10.1029/94JA02033 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QL214 UT WOS:A1995QL21400002 ER PT J AU GOSLING, JT AF GOSLING, JT TI THE SOLAR-FLARE MYTH - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID FILAMENT RP GOSLING, JT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A3 BP 3479 EP 3480 DI 10.1029/94JA02711 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA QL214 UT WOS:A1995QL21400013 ER PT J AU TOMEI, FA BARTON, LL LEMANSKI, CL ZOCCO, TG FINK, NH SILLERUD, LO AF TOMEI, FA BARTON, LL LEMANSKI, CL ZOCCO, TG FINK, NH SILLERUD, LO TI TRANSFORMATION OF SELENATE AND SELENITE TO ELEMENTAL SELENIUM BY DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SELENIUM; DESULFOVIBRIO; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA ID REDUCTION; GLUTATHIONE; BACTERIA; SULFATE AB Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (DSM 1924) can be adapted to grow in the presence of 10 mM selenate or 0.1 mM selenite. This growth occurred in media containing formate as the electron donor and either fumarate or sulfate as the electron acceptor. As determined by electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, selenate and selenite were reduced to elemental selenium which accumulated inside the cells. Selenium granules resulting from selenite metabolism were cytoplasmic while granules of selenium resulting from selenate reduction appeared to be in the periplasmic region. The accumulation of red elemental selenium in the media following stationary phase resulted from cell lysis with the liberation of selenium granules. Growth did not occur with either selenate or selenite as the electron acceptor and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that neither selenium oxyanion interfered with fumarate respiration. At 1 mu M selenate and 100 mu M selenite, reduction by D. desulfuricans was 95% and 97%, respectively. The high level of total selenate and selenite reduced indicated the suitability of D. desulfuricans for selenium detoxification. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT BIOL, MICROBIAL CHEM LAB, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ARMY ENVIRONM POLICY INST, ATLANTA, GA 30318 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, PHYS MET GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Tomei Torres, Francisco/G-7457-2015; Tomei Torres, Francisco/M-7472-2016 OI Tomei Torres, Francisco/0000-0002-5424-0355; Tomei Torres, Francisco/0000-0002-5424-0355 NR 37 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 5 U2 27 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 3-4 BP 329 EP 336 DI 10.1007/BF01569947 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA RL131 UT WOS:A1995RL13100021 ER PT J AU HADLEY, GR SMITH, RE AF HADLEY, GR SMITH, RE TI FULL-VECTOR WAVE-GUIDE MODELING USING AN ITERATIVE FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD WITH TRANSPARENT BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC WAVE-GUIDES; BEAM PROPAGATION; FOURIER-ANALYSIS AB We describe a finite-difference solution technique for the full-vector waveguide equation based upon the alternating-direction-implicit (ADI) iterative method. Our technique accurately treats dielectric boundaries (including corners), requires minimal computer resources, and executes faster (by factors of 3-10) than other iterative approaches. In addition, we employ a transparent boundary condition that effectively removes the sensitivity of the calculated results to the size of the computational domain. This feature greatly facilitates the examination of modes near cutoff. RP HADLEY, GR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 24 TC 67 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 465 EP 469 DI 10.1109/50.372444 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA QP051 UT WOS:A1995QP05100018 ER PT J AU ERTEZA, IA GOODMAN, JW AF ERTEZA, IA GOODMAN, JW TI A SCALAR VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR DIELECTRIC WAVE-GUIDES USING HERMITE-GAUSSIAN MODAL APPROXIMATIONS SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A scalar variational analysis of rectangular dielectric waveguides using Hermite-Gaussian modal approximations is presented. The technique analyzes waveguides by finding a closed-form, approximate solution to the given problem. We begin with an assumed, closed-form field solution, with unknown parameters which can be chosen to best match the assumed field to the actual field solution using variational principles. The values of the unknown parameters of the assumed field are determined by solving a set of simultaneous equations, not by a search method. As a result, this analysis method is computationally fast. Another benefit is that this method gives best-fit, closed-form modal approximations. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,INFORMAT SYST LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP ERTEZA, IA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 493 EP 506 DI 10.1109/50.372447 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA QP051 UT WOS:A1995QP05100021 ER PT J AU CAMPOS, H DREON, DM KRAUSS, RM AF CAMPOS, H DREON, DM KRAUSS, RM TI ASSOCIATIONS OF HEPATIC AND LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE ACTIVITIES WITH CHANGES IN DIETARY-COMPOSITION AND LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASSES SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DIETARY FAT; TRIGLYCERIDE; CHOLESTEROL; VLDL; APO-B ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; POSTHEPARIN PLASMA; PARTICLE-SIZE; SELECTIVE MEASUREMENT; LIPOLYTIC-ACTIVITIES; MISSENSE MUTATION; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FATTY-ACIDS AB To test whether lipoprotein lipase or hepatic lipase activities are associated with lipoprotein subclasses, and to assess the effects of dietary manipulations on these associations, enzyme activities were measured in postheparin plasma (75 U heparin/kg) from 43 healthy men who were randomly allocated to a low-fat (24% fat, 60% carbohydrate) and a high-fat (46% fat, 38% carbohydrate) diet for 6 weeks each in a cross-over design. The high-fat diet significantly increased both lipoprotein lipase (+20%, P = 0.02) and hepatic lipase (+8%, P = 0.007) activities. On both diets, hepatic lipase activity was significantly positively correlated (P < 0.01) with plasma apolipoprotein (apo)B concentrations, and with levels of small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) III, measured by analytic ultracentrifugation as mass of lipoproteins of flotation rate (S-f(o)) 3-5, while lipoprotein lipase activity was inversely associated with levels of LDL III (P < 0.05). Despite the cross-sectional correlations, increased hepatic lipase activity was not significantly correlated with the reduction in LDL III mass observed on the high-fat diet. Rather, changes in hepatic lipase were correlated inversely with changes in small very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) of S-f(o) 20-40, and small intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) of S-f(o) 10-16. Moreover, changes in lipoprotein lipase activity were not significantly correlated with changes in small LDL, but were positively associated with changes in small IDL of S-f(o) 10-14, and large LDL I of S-f(o) 7-10. Thus, while increased levels of small dense LDL are associated with a metabolic state characterized by relatively increased hepatic lipase and decreased lipoprotein lipase activity, changes in these enzymes do not appear to be primary determinants of diet-induced changes in levels of this LDL subfraction. On the other hand, increased lipoprotein lipase activity induced by high-fat feeding may contribute to the accumulation in plasma of both large LDL I and small IDL, whereas increased hepatic lipase may promote catabolism or clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MOLEC & NUCL MED,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574] NR 70 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 462 EP 472 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QP345 UT WOS:A1995QP34500007 PM 7775858 ER PT J AU KHOO, JC PITTMAN, RC RUBIN, EM AF KHOO, JC PITTMAN, RC RUBIN, EM TI SELECTIVE UPTAKE OF HDL CHOLESTERYL ESTERS IS ACTIVE IN TRANSGENIC MICE EXPRESSING HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; PLASMA-LEVELS; TISSUE SITES; APOPROTEIN; DEGRADATION; RAT; LIVER; CELLS; HEPATOCYTES; METABOLISM AB The direct non-endocytotic uptake of cholesteryl esters (CE) from high density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a major role in I-IDL CE metabolism in rats and rabbits. In vitro evidence indicates it may also play such a role in humans. However, a study in mice (tracing the CE and apoA-I moieties of HDL) concluded that, while selective uptake played a role in normal animals, it did not in transgenic mice which express predominantly human apoA-I (Chajek-Shaul et al., 1991. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 6731-6735); thus human apoA-I was apparently unable to support selective uptake. These conclusions rested on plasma decay data that represent a composite of all tissue and which may obscure tissue-specific factors. Thus we reexamined the matter by measuring the rates of uptake of HDL components by individual tissues using intracellularly trapped tracers. Plasma decay data were much as reported in the referenced study Nonetheless the fractional rate of uptake of HDL CE was greater than that of apoA-I in adrenal gland and liver, indicating selective uptake. Kidney took up apoA-I tracer at a greater fractional rate than CE tracer, apparently by filtration and reabsorption of free apoA-I, and this uptake was at a greater fractional rate in the transgenic mice than in normal mice. Thus, the lack of evidence for selective uptake in the plasma decay data of the transgenic mice was explained by a higher rate of renal uptake of apoA-I and not by a diminished rate of selective uptake in other tissues. This result was the same whether examined using tracers incorporated into normal or transgenic mouse HDL. The result was also confirmed using synthetic HDL that carried [C-14]sucrose octaoleate as an independent marker of HDL particle uptake. Thus, human apoA-I supports selective uptake with no substantial evidence that it is less efficacious than mouse apoA-I. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KHOO, JC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT MED,0682,LA JOLLA,CA 92039, USA. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 593 EP 600 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QP345 UT WOS:A1995QP34500020 PM 7775870 ER PT J AU FTHENAKIS, VM BLEWITT, DN AF FTHENAKIS, VM BLEWITT, DN TI RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MODELING MITIGATION OF ACCIDENTAL RELEASES OF HAZARDOUS GASES SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MITIGATION; MITIGATION; MODELING ID WATER AB Process safety management guidelines suggest that a facility operator should investigate and document a plan for installing systems to detect, contain or mitigate accidental releases if such systems are not already in place. In addition, proposed EPA 112(r) regulations-would require such investigation. This paper illustrates how mathematical modelling can aid such an evaluation. It describes how the HGSPRAY and HGSYSTEM models can be used to study the effectiveness of water-spray mitigation systems. The HGSPRAY model is a two-dimensional spray model that describes absorption of gases by water sprays, air entrainment and heat transfer. The HGSYSTEM models describe several stages of an accidental gaseous release, including depressurization, phase change, and atmospheric dispersion of buoyant or denser-than-air gases. The HGSPRAY model has been independently verified with experimental data involving releases of hydrogen fluoride. The HGSYSTEM models have also been independently verified by comparisons with a wide range of experimental databases. Recent developments in the modelling of mitigation systems include: (i) extension of the HGSPRAY model to NH3; (ii) linkage between boundary layer fluid modelling and mathematical modelling; (iii) an interface between HGSPRAY and HEGADAS; (iv) a two-dimensional representation of monitors spraying in an actual (three-dimensional) configuration; and (v) modelling of a release in an industrial set-up with monitors encircling the point of release. Two hypothetical cases are presented as examples of how these models can aid the design of water spray mitigation systems. C1 AMOCO CORP,CHICAGO,IL 60601. RP FTHENAKIS, VM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BLDG 490D,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0950-4230 J9 J LOSS PREVENT PROC JI J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 8 IS 2 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/0950-4230(95)00001-H PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RE942 UT WOS:A1995RE94200004 ER PT J AU YONKER, CR ZEMANIAN, TS WALLEN, SL LINEHAN, JC FRANZ, JA AF YONKER, CR ZEMANIAN, TS WALLEN, SL LINEHAN, JC FRANZ, JA TI A NEW APPARATUS FOR THE CONVENIENT MEASUREMENT OF NMR-SPECTRA IN HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUIDS SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article AB A novel design is presented for a high-pressure NMR cell using fused silica capillary tubing. The capillary tubing is bent to form multiple loops for use in a 5 mm NMR tube in a conventional solution NMR probe. The NMR cell design eliminates explosion hazards at high pressures and makes possible simple sample loading and observation of reaction mixtures at variable pressures (up to 4 kbar) and temperatures. A chamber for the mixing and flow introduction of reaction mixtures is provided. Examples of application of the cell for H-1, Xe-129, and F-19 studies of supercritical fluids, near-critical liquids, and high-pressure organometallic reactions are presented. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP YONKER, CR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 113 IS 1 BP 102 EP 107 DI 10.1006/jmra.1995.1061 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA QN278 UT WOS:A1995QN27800013 ER PT J AU SNEAD, LL OSBORNE, M MORE, KL AF SNEAD, LL OSBORNE, M MORE, KL TI EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON SIC-BASED NICALON FIBERS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE FIBER; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; CERAMICS; COMPOSITE; DAMAGE; STRENGTH; PHASE AB This paper presents neutron and ion radiation effects in the Nicalon SiC polymer precursor fiber. It is shown that the serious structural degradation of this fiber and its composites (e.g,, CVD SiC/Nicalon) previously reported for the standard grade of Nicalon is primarily due to the presence of the silicon oxycarbide phase. Results supporting this interpretation include microstructural analysis as well as post irradiation mechanical property measurements, Preliminary results of the effects of irradiation on low-oxygen Nicalon fibers are presented, The reduced oxygen content fibers exhibit radiation-induced density, strength, and Weibull's and Young's moduli changes typical of monolithic ceramic materials. This contrasts sharply with the poor irradiation behavior of the standard Nicalon fiber and suggests that improved radiation resistance can be expected in SiC/SiC composites fabricated with low oxygen Nicalon fibers. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST, TROY, NY 12180 USA. RP SNEAD, LL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 NR 62 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 736 EP 747 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.0736 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QK192 UT WOS:A1995QK19200031 ER PT J AU HEHN, L ZHENG, C MECHOLSKY, JJ HUBBARD, CR AF HEHN, L ZHENG, C MECHOLSKY, JJ HUBBARD, CR TI MEASUREMENT OF RESIDUAL-STRESSES IN AL2O3/NI LAMINATED COMPOSITES USING AN X-RAY-DIFFRACTION TECHNIQUE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Using an X-ray diffraction technique, macro-residual stresses were measured in laminated composites consisting of alternating layers of alpha-Al2O3 and nickel. The in-plane thermal mismatch stresses which develop during fabrication were found to be compressive and tensile in the alpha-Al2O3 and nickel layers, respectively. The magnitude of the in-plane stresses was found to be approximate to 110 MPa. Models of laminate structures predict the stress state to be biaxial in the plane of the layers. However, substantial stresses were observed perpendicular to the plane of the laminate; this stress might be due to the hot-pressing procedure used to fabricate the samples. The stress on the side surface of a laminate was measured using the indentation method and the results were consistent with those obtained by the X-ray method. Three samples were heated to 700, 900 and 1000 degrees C, respectively, and then cooled to test the effect of stress relaxation of the residual stresses due to the thermal expansion. The heat treatments (700-1000 degrees C) had no effect on the measured stress states of the laminates. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP HEHN, L (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1277 EP 1282 DI 10.1007/BF00356131 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA QL400 UT WOS:A1995QL40000022 ER PT J AU HALPERN, MB OBERS, NA AF HALPERN, MB OBERS, NA TI FLAT CONNECTIONS AND NONLOCAL CONSERVED QUANTITIES IN IRRATIONAL CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2 DIMENSIONS; VIRASORO; CONSTRUCTIONS; MODELS C1 ECOLE POLYTECH,CTR PHYS THEOR,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. RP HALPERN, MB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Obers, Niels/D-1377-2014 OI Obers, Niels/0000-0003-4947-8526 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 1080 EP 1110 DI 10.1063/1.531107 PG 31 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QL251 UT WOS:A1995QL25100007 ER PT J AU SCHIRRMACHER, A AF SCHIRRMACHER, A TI GENERALIZED Q-EXPONENTIALS RELATED TO ORTHOGONAL QUANTUM GROUPS AND FOURIER TRANSFORMATIONS OF NONCOMMUTATIVE SPACES SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-CALCULUS; ALGEBRA C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SCHIRRMACHER, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 1531 EP 1546 DI 10.1063/1.531136 PG 16 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QL251 UT WOS:A1995QL25100039 ER PT J AU FREDRICKSON, JK LI, SW BROCKMAN, FJ HALDEMAN, DL AMY, PS BALKWILL, DL AF FREDRICKSON, JK LI, SW BROCKMAN, FJ HALDEMAN, DL AMY, PS BALKWILL, DL TI TIME-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN VIABLE NUMBERS AND ACTIVITIES OF AEROBIC HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN SUBSURFACE SAMPLES SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE STORAGE; SUBSURFACE; HETEROTROPHS; TUFF; LACUSTRINE; VADOSE ID DEEP SUBSURFACE; GROUNDWATER; DIVERSITY; MICROBIOLOGY; SEDIMENTS; STORAGE; SOIL AB Vadose and saturated zone sediment cores from depths to 212 m were obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in south-central Washington by cable tool drilling, and volcanic ashfall tuff samples were obtained from tunnels 400 m beneath the surface of Rainier Mesa at DOE's Nevada Test Site (NTS) in southern Nevada. Numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were determined by plate counts and metabolic activities were determined by [C-14]glucose radiorespirometry at t=0 and at various post-sampling time points up to 154 d in order to assess the influence of sample storage on microbiological properties of subsurface samples. Increases in post-sampling populations of viable bacteria were observed in all samples, although the magnitude of the increase and time after sampling at which the maximum population size was reached varied with the sample type. The greatest post-sampling increases in viable counts and [C-14]glucose mineralization occurred in a high-organic carbon lacustrine sediment. The population of aerobic heterotrophs increased from below detection at t=0 to > 10(6) CFU g(-1) after 139 d. Significant increases in culturable counts were shown to occur within 24 h for tuff samples from NTS. These results indicate that precautions are necessary in the post-drilling handling of subsurface sediments and rock for microbiological analysis. In addition, these results suggest that even low biomass subsurface environments may be readily stimulated for applications such as in situ bioremediation. C1 UNIV NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, NV 89154 USA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32308 USA. RP FREDRICKSON, JK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, K4-06,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 3 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(94)00053-A PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA QN239 UT WOS:A1995QN23900003 ER PT J AU STEVENS, TO HOLBERT, BS AF STEVENS, TO HOLBERT, BS TI VARIABILITY AND DENSITY-DEPENDENCE OF BACTERIA IN TERRESTRIAL SUBSURFACE SAMPLES - IMPLICATIONS FOR ENUMERATION SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE BACTERIA; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; ENUMERATION; HOMOGENIZATION; SUBSURFACE; VARIABILITY ID SEDIMENTS AB This study investigated the effects of common sampling strategies on estimates of terrestrial subsurface bacterial numbers derived by aerobic heterotrophic plate-count methods. Homogenization of soil and sediment samples is often used to reduce variability of replicate samples from a given volume. Sediment cores from paleosols and surface soils were divided into volumes of ca. 2 cm(2) or 20 cm(2) prior to homogenization and enumeration of bacteria by plate-count methods. Although homogenization of larger volumes reduced between-sample variability and sometimes increased mean estimates for surface soils, less reduction in variability occurred for subsurface samples. The dilution of bacterial density resulting from homogenizing larger volumes consistently reduced mean estimates of subsurface bacteria ca. tenfold, indicating that, for the majority of bacteria in these samples, the ability to form colonies on agar plates was strongly dependent on the local density of cells. Examination of data from previous studies indicated that density-dependence may be a common property of bacteria in some terrestrial subsurface environments. Extremely patchy distributions and density-dependent growth add severe limitations to the application of common methods for estimating bacterial numbers in the subsurface environment. RP STEVENS, TO (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,M-S P7-54, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 3 BP 283 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(94)00055-C PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA QN239 UT WOS:A1995QN23900005 ER PT J AU STEVENS, TO AF STEVENS, TO TI OPTIMIZATION OF MEDIA FOR ENUMERATION AND ISOLATION OF AEROBIC HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA FROM THE DEEP TERRESTRIAL SUBSURFACE SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE AQUIFER; BACTERIA; ENUMERATION; MEDIUM; SUBSURFACE; VADOSE ID SEDIMENTS; WASHINGTON; AQUIFERS; WATER AB The objective of this study was to develop an agar plate-count medium to maximize the number of colony-forming units (CFU) recovered from terrestrial subsurface sediment samples. A Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to test the effects of 13 possible medium variables, including various ingredients and culture conditions. These experiments used sediment samples from different surface and subsurface areas to test the resulting formulations. Microorganisms in different sediments did not respond uniformly to any variable. Variables that always had a positive effect, when significant, included addition of vitamins, addition of activated charcoal (added as a scavenger of toxic oxygen forms), use of pour plates rather than spread plates. and elevated, rather than in situ, incubation temperature. Lowered water potential always led to a negative response, where significant. Varying concentrations of most common medium components, including dilution of carbon sources, had few significant effects over the ranges tested. A medium formulation for enhanced recovery of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria from subsurface sediments was developed, based on these results. RP STEVENS, TO (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MS P7-54, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 3 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(94)00056-D PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA QN239 UT WOS:A1995QN23900006 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, WA WARNE, LK AF JOHNSON, WA WARNE, LK TI ELECTROPHYSICS OF MICROMECHANICAL COMB ACTUATORS SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB A simple approximate theory is developed for the electrostatic forces operating in a micromechanical comb actuator. The comb drive is considered both without (for simplicity) and with an underlying ground plane, The forces are partitioned into local forces (electric fields confined to the cross-sections of the individual comb fingers) and global force corrections (electric fields resulting from effective equipotential sheets representing the engaged and unengaged comb finger regions), The local forces are obtained by applying the principle of virtual work (bath engaged and unengaged regions are involved when a ground plane is present beneath the comb fingers). The global forces are obtained from the force between magnetic current filaments introduced to model the electric-potential discontinuities in the effective equipotential sheets of the engaged and unengaged finger regions. Conformal mapping, in addition to a static mode decay approximation, is used to obtain simple and accurate formulas for the local charge per unit length (local forces) and, when a ground plane is present, for the effective sheet potentials (magnetic currents and global forces), The forces in the separated case (which are also global in nature) are also obtained by the principle of virtual work, The results of the paper show that the attractive local forces are independent of engagement distance and the smaller repulsive global forces are inversely proportional to engagement distance. The attractive separated forces are inversely proportional to the separation distance without the ground plane and inversely proportional to the square of the separation distance with the ground plane. RP JOHNSON, WA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ELECTROMAGNET ANAL & TEST,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 7 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 4 IS 1 BP 49 EP 59 DI 10.1109/84.365370 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM200 UT WOS:A1995QM20000007 ER PT J AU HONEYCUTT, RL NEDBAL, MA ADKINS, RM JANECEK, LL AF HONEYCUTT, RL NEDBAL, MA ADKINS, RM JANECEK, LL TI MAMMALIAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA EVOLUTION - A COMPARISON OF THE CYTOCHROME-B AND CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE-II GENES SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE CYTOCHROME B; CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE II; MAMMALS; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR CLOCK; EUTHERIAN MAMMALS; GUINEA-PIG; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; CONSISTENCY INDEX; FAMILY BOVIDAE; MUROID RODENTS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CODON USAGE AB The evolution of two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, was examined in several eutherian mammal orders, with special emphasis on the orders Artiodactyla and Rodentia. When analyzed using both maximum parsimony, with either equal or unequal character weighting, and neighbor joining, neither gene performed with a high degree of consistency in terms of the phylogenetic hypotheses supported. The phylogenetic inconsistencies observed for both these genes may be the result of several factors including differences in the rate of nucleotide substitution among particular lineages (especially between orders), base composition bias, transition/transversion bias, differences in codon usage, and different constraints and levels of homoplasy associated with first, second, and third codon positions. We discuss the implications of these findings for the molecular systematics of mammals, especially as they relate to recent hypotheses concerning the polyphyly of the order Rodentia, relationships among the Artiodactyla, and various interordinal relationships. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801. RP HONEYCUTT, RL (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,210 NAGLE HALL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 82 TC 66 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0022-2844 J9 J MOL EVOL JI J. Mol. Evol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 40 IS 3 BP 260 EP 272 DI 10.1007/BF00163231 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA QN479 UT WOS:A1995QN47900004 PM 7723053 ER PT J AU MOORE, DS SCHMIDT, SC AF MOORE, DS SCHMIDT, SC TI VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF MATERIALS UNDER EXTREME-PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIInd European Congress on Molecular Spectroscopy (EUCMOS XXII) - Molecular Spectroscopy and Molecular Structure 1994 CY SEP 11-16, 1994 CL ESSEN, GERMANY ID STOKES-RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; DENSE FLUID NITROGEN; LIQUID-NITROGEN; CARBON-MONOXIDE; MIXTURES; RELAXATION; CARS; THERMODYNAMICS; SCATTERING; ENERGY AB We have obtained vibrational spectra of molecular materials at simultaneous high pressure and high temperature using the combined techniques of shock wave compression and coherent Raman spectroscopy. The high pressure/high temperature states produced and investigated are similar to those found in the interior of planets and in detonating high explosives. The molecular structures of simple molecular fluids and fluid mixtures, such as of diatomic and triatomic molecules, are inferred from the spectral parameters - Raman frequencies, linewidths, and peak Raman susceptibilities - of the transitions, which are extracted from the spectral data using a standard semi-classical treatment. For a simple diatomic molecule such as N-2, CO or O-2, the measured vibrational frequencies increase with increasing shock pressure. In N-2, above 17 GPa single-shock pressure the vibrational frequency ceases to rise further and appears to begin to decrease. Observation of a further decrease at higher pressures is prevented by the onset of optical opacity. CO and O-2 become optically opaque at pressures insufficient to observe a similar maximum. The vibrational frequencies of CO and N-2 exhibit distinctly different shock pressure dependencies. The data show a factor of 5 smaller vibrational frequency versus pressure slope in CO as in N-2. Under shock compression, mixtures of CO and N-2 show a highly non linear dependence of their vibrational frequencies with mixture mole fraction, while at ambient pressure this dependence is linear. We have also estimated vibrational relaxation times for these simple molecules under shock-compression, using a simple population filling argument for the longitudinal relaxation time (T-1), and from the measured linewidth for the transverse relaxation time (T-2). T-2 shows a strong temperature dependence but little density (pressure) dependence. The intensities of the vibrational hot bands were those expected from a Boltzmann vibrational population distribution, and they were used to estimate vibrational temperatures. These temperatures have been also used to refine the equations of state for nitrogen and argon as well as to understand the effects of non-ideal mixing at these extreme conditions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LDRD,ADRE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MOORE, DS (reprint author), UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH,INST PHYS & THEORET CHEM,D-45117 ESSEN,GERMANY. RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013 NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 347 BP 101 EP 111 DI 10.1016/0022-2860(95)08539-8 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QM832 UT WOS:A1995QM83200009 ER PT J AU SNEAD, LL SCHWARZ, OJ AF SNEAD, LL SCHWARZ, OJ TI ADVANCED SIC COMPOSITES FOR FUSION APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CARBON AB Chemically vapor infiltrated silicon carbide (SiC) composites have been fabricated from continuous fibers of either SiC or graphite and tested for strength and thermal conductivity. Of significance is that the Hi-Nicalon(TM) SiC based fiber composite has superior unirradiated properties as compared to the standard Nicalon grade. Based on previous results on the stability of the Hi-Nicalon fiber, this system should prove more resistant to neutron irradiation. A graphite fiber composite has been fabricated with very good mechanical properties and thermal conductivity an order of magnitude higher than typical SiC/SiC composites. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00663-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300002 ER PT J AU BESMANN, TM MCLAUGHLIN, JC LIN, HT AF BESMANN, TM MCLAUGHLIN, JC LIN, HT TI FABRICATION OF CERAMIC COMPOSITES - FORCED CVI SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CHEMICAL VAPOR INFILTRATION AB Forced chemical vapor infiltration (FCVI) is being developed as an efficient means for producing thick-wall ceramic matrix components. Recent efforts have focused on process scale-up, modeling and the properties of the resultant material. Disks 24.6 cm in diameter and 1.27 cm thick have been produced. Composites of Nicalon(TM) fibers and SiC matrix have exhibited 480 MPa strength in flexure. RP BESMANN, TM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. NR 6 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 31 EP 35 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00395-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300005 ER PT J AU GUHA, S KIOUSIS, P LOUTFY, R WATSON, RD AF GUHA, S KIOUSIS, P LOUTFY, R WATSON, RD TI DESIGN OF LOW RESIDUAL-STRESS JOINTS BETWEEN 3D CC COMPOSITES AND GLIDCOP COPPER FOR DIVERTOR APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB An innovative approach to modeling the interfacial residual stress between CC Composites and Glidcop copper is proposed. The model predictions were consistent with experimental observations in ceramic-metal joints where it was easier to visualize cracking, and later extended to carbon-Glidcop copper joints. A variety of interface designs were investigated. The numerical predictions were consistent with experimental results in the Glidcop-ISO63 graphite system but less consistent in the C-C composite-Glidcop copper system. This inconsistency is presently attributed to the inhomogeneous nature of C-C composite in contrast to ISO63 graphite or Si3N4 ceramic. A joint design based on the numerical results, comprising of grooves in the Glidcop copper and metallic interlayers appeared to alleviate the residual stresses sufficiently enough to allow bonding between C-C composite and Glidcop copper. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH,TUCSON,AZ 85721. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT FUS TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87123. RP GUHA, S (reprint author), MAT & ELECTROCHEM RES CORP,7960 S KOLB RD,TUCSON,AZ 85706, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 36 EP 52 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00665-2 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300006 ER PT J AU JONES, RH HENAGER, CH AF JONES, RH HENAGER, CH TI FUSION-REACTOR APPLICATION ISSUES FOR LOW-ACTIVATION SIC/SIC COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID SILICON-CARBIDE; POLYMERS AB Silicon carbide composites are attractive for fusion applications because of their low activation and afterheat properties coupled with excellent high-temperature properties. Their application will require material development and an expanded data base as well as evaluation for high-temperature stability, chemical compatibility with fusion relevant coolants, thermal conductivity, thermal fatigue and shock, hermetic properties, joining methodology and radiation stability. Preliminary data suggest that commercially available material has adequate performance for some requirements in its present form or that there are identifiable routes to improve the performance. This paper summarizes SiC/SiC behavior relative to some performance requirements and identifies areas where further research is needed. RP JONES, RH (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 27 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00390-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300007 ER PT J AU OSBORNE, MC SNEAD, LL STEINER, D AF OSBORNE, MC SNEAD, LL STEINER, D TI TENSILE BEHAVIOR OF IRRADIATED SIC FIBERS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CERAMIC FIBERS; STRENGTH; NICALON; FUSION; STABILITY AB The strength and toughness of continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) are highly dependent on the fiber strength distribution. To first order, weaker fibers lead to low strength but higher toughness while stronger fibers lead to high strength composites of relatively low toughness. Toughness is associated with pullout of the fibers from the ceramic matrix. It has been shown previously that both strength and toughness of SiC/Nicalon(TM) composites are drastically changed following irradiation. Tensile results are presented for low oxygen Nicalon fibers neutron irradiated at damage levels of 0.013 displacements per atom (dpa), 0.13 dpa and 0.32 dpa. Single fibers were tensile tested and analyzed, using Weibull statistics, for mean strength and distribution. Tensile modulus was also determined. Using a diffractometer, the fiber grain size and percent crystallinity were determined. The initial results of these low fluence neutron irradiations exhibit no substantial degradation of the properties investigated. Therefore, continued research at higher doses is recommended. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP OSBORNE, MC (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12181, USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 63 EP 69 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00528-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300008 ER PT J AU HOLLENBERG, GW HENAGER, CH YOUNGBLOOD, GE TRIMBLE, DJ SIMONSON, SA NEWSOME, GA LEWIS, E AF HOLLENBERG, GW HENAGER, CH YOUNGBLOOD, GE TRIMBLE, DJ SIMONSON, SA NEWSOME, GA LEWIS, E TI THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ON THE STABILITY AND PROPERTIES OF MONOLITHIC SILICON-CARBIDE AND SICF/SIC COMPOSITES UP TO 25 DPA SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CERAMIC COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; DAMAGE AB Stability and properties of monolithic and SiCf/SiC composites were measured before and after irradiation in a fast neutron spectrum up to 25 dpa between 500 and 1500 degrees C. Dimensional changes were relatively consistent with previous investigations. Strength and modulus of SiCf/SiC composites decreased after irradiation as a result of fiber/matrix decoupling. For some composites, uniform elongation was not significantly degraded by irradiation. Thermal conductivity also decreased after irradiation at low temperatures because of the introduction of lattice defects as phonon scattering sites. The retention of properties under the severe conditions of 25 dpa and 800 degrees C suggests that a composite tailored for neutron damage resistance can be developed. C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. MIT, BOSTON, MA USA. KNOLLS ATOM POWER LAB, SCHENECTADY, NY USA. RP HOLLENBERG, GW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 31 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 70 EP 86 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00391-2 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300009 ER PT J AU TAM, SW KOPASZ, JP JOHNSON, CE AF TAM, SW KOPASZ, JP JOHNSON, CE TI TRITIUM TRANSPORT AND RETENTION IN SIC SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB A theoretical framework describing trapping, diffusion, and desorption of tritium from vapor-deposited beta-silicon carbide has been proposed and an analytical version of this model was derived. This analytical model was used to extract trapping, diffusion, and desorption parameters from a limited part of the experimental data set. The predictive capability of the resulting parameter-free model was then tested by calculating the time-dependent release behavior for the high-temperature regimes. These results generally agreed with the release data, supporting the suitability of that approach. Tritium trapping was found to be strong. Both bulk diffusion and surface desorption make comparable contributions to tritium release from the silicon carbide. Improvements beyond the present analytical model, such as dynamical detrapping, can be achieved with the proposed framework. RP TAM, SW (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00392-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300010 ER PT J AU LIAW, PK YU, N HSU, DK MIRIYALA, N SAINI, V SNEAD, LL MCHARGUE, CJ LOWDEN, RA AF LIAW, PK YU, N HSU, DK MIRIYALA, N SAINI, V SNEAD, LL MCHARGUE, CJ LOWDEN, RA TI MODULI DETERMINATION OF CONTINUOUS FIBER CERAMIC COMPOSITES (CFCCS) SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB Nicalon(TM)/silicon carbide composites were fabricated by the Forced Chemical Vapor Infiltration (FCVI) method. Both through-thickness and in-plane (fiber fabric plane) moduli were determined using ultrasonic techniques. The through-thickness elastic constants (moduli) were found to be much less than the in-plane moduli. Increased porosity significantly decreased both in-plane and through-thickness moduli. A periodic model using a homogenization method was formulated to predict the effect of porosity on the moduli of woven fabric composites. The predicted moduli were found to be in reasonably good agreement with the experimental results. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT ENGN SCI & MECH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,CTR NONDESTRUCT EVALUAT,AMES,IA 50011. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LIAW, PK (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00664-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300011 ER PT J AU ZINKLE, SJ AF ZINKLE, SJ TI EFFECT OF IRRADIATION SPECTRUM ON THE MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION IN CERAMIC INSULATORS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE SPINEL; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ION; DISPLACEMENT; AGGREGATION; DIFFUSION; DEUTERIUM; SAPPHIRE; HYDROGEN AB Cross section transmission electron microscopy has been used to investigate the microstructure of MgAl2O4 (spinel) and Al2O3 (alumina) following irradiation with ions of varying mass and energy at room temperature and 650 degrees C. Dislocation loop formation was suppressed in specimens irradiated with light ions, particularly in the case of spinel. An evaluation of the data showed that dislocation loop formation during irradiation at 650 degrees C was suppressed when the ratio of the electronic- to nuclear -stopping power was greater than similar to 10 and similar to 1000 for spinel and alumina, respectively. These results clearly indicate that light ion and electron irradiations produce microstructures which are not representative of the microstructure that would form in these ceramics during fission or fusion neutron irradiation. The absence of observable dislocation loops following energetic light ion irradiation is believed to be due to ionization-enhanced diffusion effects, which promote point defect recombination. The effect of uniform background levels of ionizing radiation on the microstructural evolution in spinel was investigated by performing simultaneous dual-beam (He+ and heavy ion) irradiations. The uniform ionizing radiation source did not affect the microstructural evolution of spinel unless the ionization was very intense (average electronic- to nuclear-stopping power ratio > 100). RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 44 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 113 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00662-8 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300013 ER PT J AU SICKAFUS, KE LARSON, AC YU, N NASTASI, M HOLLENBERG, GW GARNER, FA BRADT, RC AF SICKAFUS, KE LARSON, AC YU, N NASTASI, M HOLLENBERG, GW GARNER, FA BRADT, RC TI CATION DISORDER IN HIGH-DOSE, NEUTRON-IRRADIATED SPINEL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CERAMICS; DAMAGE AB The crystal structures of MgAl2O4 spinel single crystals irradiated to high neutron fluences (>5 X 10(26) n/m(2) (E(n) > 0.1 MeV)), were examined by neutron diffraction. Crystal structure refinement of the highest dose sample indicated that the average scattering strength of the tetrahedral crystal sites decreased by similar to 20% while increasing by similar to 8% on octahedral sites. Since the neutron scattering length for Mg is considerably larger than for Al, this result is consistent with site exchange between Mg2+ ions on tetrahedral sites and Al3+ ions on octahedral sites. Least-squares refinements also indicated that, in all irradiated samples, at least 35% of Mg2+ and Al3+ ions in the crystal experienced disordering replacements. This cation sublattice disorder is the largest retained damage ever measured in an irradiated spinel material. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL USA. RP SICKAFUS, KE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 27 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 128 EP 134 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00386-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300014 ER PT J AU IBARRA, A GARNER, FA HOLLENBERG, GL AF IBARRA, A GARNER, FA HOLLENBERG, GL TI NEUTRON-INDUCED CHANGES IN OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF MGAL2O4 SPINEL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID LUMINESCENCE AB High purity MgAl2O4 spinel specimens irradiated in FFTF-MOTA to very high neutron exposures have been examined by three techniques to determine changes in their optical properties. Significant changes were observed in optical absorption, photoluminescence and radioluminescence, indicating that a variety of radiation-induced defects are present in these specimens. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP IBARRA, A (reprint author), CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. OI Ibarra, Angel/0000-0002-2420-2497 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00526-5 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300015 ER PT J AU LI, Z CHAN, SK GARNER, FA BRADT, RC AF LI, Z CHAN, SK GARNER, FA BRADT, RC TI ELASTIC STABILITY OF HIGH-DOSE NEUTRON-IRRADIATED SPINEL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CONSTANTS; CERAMICS AB Elastic constants (C-11, C-12 and C-44) of spinel (MgAl2O4) single crystals irradiated to very high neutron fluences have been measured by an ultrasonic technique. Although results of a neutron diffraction study show that cation occupation sites are significantly changed in the irradiated samples, no measurable differences occurred in their elastic properties. In order to understand such behavior, the elastic properties of a variety of materials with either normal or inverse spinel structures were studied. These results show that the cation valence and cation distribution appear to have little influence on the elastic properties of spinel materials. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV NEVADA, RENO, NV 89557 USA. RP LI, Z (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00387-4 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300016 ER PT J AU KINOSHITA, C FUKUMOTO, K FUKUDA, K GARNER, FA HOLLENBERG, GW AF KINOSHITA, C FUKUMOTO, K FUKUDA, K GARNER, FA HOLLENBERG, GW TI WHY IS MAGNESIA SPINEL A RADIATION-RESISTANT MATERIAL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATION DAMAGE; REACTOR IRRADIATION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AB Side-by-side irradiation of stoichiometric MgAl2O4 and alpha-Al2O3 in JOYO shows that the radiation-induced microstructural evolution to exposure of less than or equal to 6 dpa proceeds by very different paths in these two materials. The large difference in dislocation loop evolution appears to account for the ease of void swelling in alpha-Al2O3 and the strong resistance to void formation in MgAl2O4. Irradiation of MgAl2O4 to much higher exposure (22-230 dpa) in FFTF confirms the details of the dislocation evolution, which involves a progressive change in Burgers vector and habit plane as interstitial loops increase in size. Constraints unique to the MgAl2O4 crystal structure do not allow the formation of dislocation network structures that favor swelling. C1 TOHOKU UNIV, INST MAT RES, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KINOSHITA, C (reprint author), KYUSHU UNIV 36, DEPT NUCL ENGN, FUKUOKA 812, JAPAN. NR 21 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 143 EP 151 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00388-2 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300017 ER PT J AU FARNUM, EH CLINARD, FW AF FARNUM, EH CLINARD, FW TI ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES OF AL2O3 DURING IRRADIATION WITH SPALLATION NEUTRONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB DC and AC conductivity of Al2O3 ceramics were measured at elevated temperatures during irradiation with neutrons and gamma rays at the Los Alamos Spallation Radiation Effects Facility. DC conductivity increased at start of irradiation, but subsequently reduced as displacement damage was accumulated. AC conductivity appeared to increase at high levels of damage. The observed DC behavior is attributed to excitation of electrons into the conduction band by ionizing radiation, followed by charge trapping and recombination at damage sites. The AC behavior, which resembles RIED, is attributed to a combination of surface conductivity and conductivity in the residual gas surrounding the samples. These results have design implications for fusion-reactor systems. RP FARNUM, EH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00666-0 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300019 ER PT J AU WHITE, DP AF WHITE, DP TI A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF RADIATION ON THE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF SAPPHIRE AT LOW AND HIGH-TEMPERATURES SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID MICROWAVE-HEATING DEVICES; CERAMIC WINDOWS; MECHANICAL RELIABILITY; FUSION-REACTORS AB The effects of radiation on the thermal conductivity of sapphire have been calculated over a wide temperature range (77-400 K). The phonon scattering relaxation times for various scattering mechanisms have been analyzed in order to determine the effect each mechanism has on the lattice thermal conductivity of sapphire. The methods of calculation at low and high temperature are reviewed, and the results of these calculations are presented to compare the effect at different temperatures. It is found that vacancy scattering can significantly reduce the thermal conductivity over a wide temperature range; for example, a vacancy concentration of 0.01 per atom leads to a fractional change of about 90% at 77 K versus 43% at 400 K. This reduction has significance for the design and placement of radio frequency and microwave windows in fusion reactors. RP WHITE, DP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00527-3 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300020 ER PT J AU HUNN, JD STOLLER, RE ZINKLE, SJ AF HUNN, JD STOLLER, RE ZINKLE, SJ TI IN-SITU MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY OF THIN-FILM CERAMICS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; AL2O3 AB A test chamber has been constructed to measure the in-situ DC electrical conductivity of ceramic thin films during ion irradiation. The films can be irradiated by three separate ion beams simultaneously with sufficient energy to pass through the films. The radiation induced conductivity of a thin (similar to 1.5 mu m) Al2O3 film on tantalum was measured at ionization rates between 10(3) and 10(6) Gy/s. Radiation-induced conductivity comparable to that previously reported in bulk alumina was observed. Prolonged irradiation at elevated temperature and under an applied electric field resulted in a permanent increase in the conductance of the film. The test chamber is described and some preliminary results are given. RP HUNN, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00398-X PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300021 ER PT J AU ZONG, XF SHEN, CF LIU, S WU, ZC CHEN, Y ZHANG, RJ ZHU, JG CHEN, Y EVANS, BD GONZALEZ, R SELLERS, CH AF ZONG, XF SHEN, CF LIU, S WU, ZC CHEN, Y ZHANG, RJ ZHU, JG CHEN, Y EVANS, BD GONZALEZ, R SELLERS, CH TI RADIATION-INDUCED ELECTRICAL DEGRADATION IN CRYSTALLINE AL2O3 - A BULK EFFECT SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; IRRADIATION; INSULATORS; CENTERS AB Kesternich et al. and Jung et al. have recently raised serious questions as to whether past investigations of permanent radiation induced electrical degradation (RIED) of ceramics were actually monitoring bulk effects, as claimed. Their evidence to the contrary appears compelling. The present investigation provides evidence that bulk damage does exist and is in the form of dislocations. Discussions are focussed on some aspects of the controversy between evidence for RIED, as reported in the past, and evidence for radiation enhanced surface contaminations. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNITED SOLAR TECHNOL INC,BELLEVUE,WA 98004. UNIV CARLOS III,ESCUELA POLITECN SUPER,DEPT INGN,E-28911 LEGANES,SPAIN. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. US DOE,ER 131,DIV MAT SCI,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP ZONG, XF (reprint author), FUDAN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SHANGHAI 200433,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 176 EP 181 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00397-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300022 ER PT J AU KESTERNICH, W SCHEUERMANN, F ZINKLE, S AF KESTERNICH, W SCHEUERMANN, F ZINKLE, S TI ON THE MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED ELECTRICAL DEGRADATION IN INSULATING MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID CERAMIC MATERIALS; CONDUCTIVITY; IRRADIATION; REACTOR AB Permanent increases of the electrical conductivity due to radiation-induced electrical degradation in electrically insulating ceramic materials have been observed by several different research groups, and the degree of degradation has become a major concern for the applicability of electric insulators in fusion reactors. The existence of the effect has, however, recently come into dispute. The present work tries to reproduce the effect with emphasis put on detailed control of the experimental conditions. Previously neglected limitations of the standard electric guarding technique are considered, and a simple equation for estimating the importance of surface leakage currents is derived. Alpha-particle irradiations at elevated temperatures in an electric field and for various dose rates were performed in various ceramic insulators. After subtraction of the radiation-enhanced surface conductances, no permanent conductivity increases have been observed under irradiation conditions where radiation-induced electrical degradation is expected to occur. The significance of this result is discussed. C1 EURATOM, KFA JULICH GMBH, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 190 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00530-3 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300024 ER PT J AU FARNUM, EH CLINARD, FW REGAN, SP SCHUNKE, B AF FARNUM, EH CLINARD, FW REGAN, SP SCHUNKE, B TI NEUTRON DAMAGE TO DIAGNOSTIC MIRRORS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB Diagnostic systems for fusion reactors will require mirrors capable of reflecting electromagnetic radiation in the soft X-ray, near UV, visible, and IR wavelengths. These components will be exposed to significant fluences of fast neutrons during use. Mirrors made from alternating layers of low-Z and high-Z materials were irradiated to a fast neutron fluence of 1.1x10(23) n/m(2) at 270-300 degrees C, and subsequently evaluated for structural changes and in some cases changes in optical properties. Short-wavelength mirrors retained their structural integrity while exhibiting slight changes in reflectance; some long-wavelength mirrors showed structural degradation, while others did not. These results are discussed in terms of materials damage effects and possibilities for improvement of mirror performance under severe operating conditions. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD. JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS JOINT UNDERTAKING,OXFORD OX14 3EA,ENGLAND. RP FARNUM, EH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 224 EP 229 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00684-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300026 ER PT J AU SUTJIANTO, A TAM, SW PANDEY, R CURTISS, LA JOHNSON, CE AF SUTJIANTO, A TAM, SW PANDEY, R CURTISS, LA JOHNSON, CE TI AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS FOR DISSOCIATIVE HYDROGEN ADSORPTION ON LITHIUM-OXIDE SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; HARTREE-FOCK; TEMPERATURE; ABINITIO AB Dissociative hydrogen chemisorption on the Li2O surfaces of the (100), (110) and (111) planes has been investigated with ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations. Calculations for unrelaxed crystal Li2O structures indicated that except for the (100) surface, the (110) and (111) surfaces are stable. Results on the heterolytic sites of n-layer (110) (where n greater than or equal to 2) slabs and three-layer (111) slabs suggest that dissociative hydrogen chemisorption is endothermic. For a one-layer (110) slab at 1000% surface coverage, the dissociative hydrogen chemisorption is exothermic, forming OH- and Li+H-Li+. This results also indicate that the low coordination environment in surface step structure, such as kinks and ledges, may play an important role in the hydrogen chemisorption process. On the homolytic sites of the (110) and (111) surfaces, there is no hydrogen chemisorption. C1 MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP SUTJIANTO, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 250 EP 258 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00677-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300030 ER PT J AU KOPASZ, JP JOHNSON, CE BALDWIN, DL AF KOPASZ, JP JOHNSON, CE BALDWIN, DL TI PERFORMANCE OF CERAMIC BREEDER MATERIALS IN THE SIBELIUS EXPERIMENT SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC ID TRITIUM RECOVERY; BERYLLIUM; BEHAVIOR AB Lithium-containing ceramics are among the leading candidates for use as tritium breeding materials in a fusion reactor. An issue affecting both the safety and economics of the reactor is the tritium inventory. The SIBELIUS experiment was designed to examine material compatibility between the different components of a breeder blanket (ceramic breeder, beryllium neutron multiplier, steel structural material) and to examine the tritium inventory in the ceramic and beryllium. The tritium inventories in four candidate ceramics, as determined by measurements at the end of life, were found to be low and unchanged by the presence of beryllium. The inventory increased in the order lithium zirconate < lithium oxide < lithium orthosilicate < lithium aluminate, with the inventory in the zirconate less than 0.03 wppm at 550 degrees C. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KOPASZ, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00400-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300031 ER PT J AU SLAGLE, OD KURASAWA, T TAKAHASHI, T HOLLENBERG, GW VERRALL, RA AF SLAGLE, OD KURASAWA, T TAKAHASHI, T HOLLENBERG, GW VERRALL, RA TI IN-SITU TRITIUM RECOVERY FROM LI2O IRRADIATED IN A FAST-NEUTRON FLUX - BEATRIX-II, PHASE-II TEMPERATURE-CHANGE CANISTER SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fabrication and Properties for Fusion Energy, at the 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-27, 1994 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP AMER CERAM SOC AB BEATRIX-II, Phase II was an in situ tritium recovery experiment designed to characterize the behavior of lithium ceramics irradiated to high burnup in a fast neutron flux. A thin-walled Li2O ring specimen was irradiated at temperatures in the range from 510 to 640 degrees C in helium sweep gases containing 0, 0.01 and 0.1% H-2 to a 5% lithium burnup. The tritium recovery behavior of Li2O was characterized by using temperature transients and sweep gas composition changes to effect changes in the tritium inventory. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD RES, CHALK RIVER LABS, CHALK RIVER, ON, CANADA. RP SLAGLE, OD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00401-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300032 ER PT J AU HOLLENBERG, GW ZINKLE, SJ HASTINGS, IJ AF HOLLENBERG, GW ZINKLE, SJ HASTINGS, IJ TI PROCEEDINGS SYMPOSIUM ON FABRICATION AND PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS FOR FUSION ENERGY AT THE 96TH ANNUAL-MEETING OF THE AMERICAN-CERAMIC-SOCIETY, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, APRIL 25-27, 1994 - PREFACE SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD, CHALK RIVER NUCL LABS, CHALK RIVER, ON K0J 1J0, CANADA. RP HOLLENBERG, GW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 219 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)80006-9 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QN233 UT WOS:A1995QN23300001 ER PT J AU PAWEL, SJ AF PAWEL, SJ TI OBSERVATIONS OF CONTAINMENT CORROSION IN THE VAPOR OVER LITHIUM HYDRIDE IN THE TEMPERATURE-RANGE 600-DEGREES-C-800-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; LIQUID LITHIUM; NITROGEN AB Types 304L and 309 stainless steel and Alloy X were exposed to the vapor above lithium hydride (LiH) in the temperature range 600-800-degrees-C. Results indicate that for the experimental conditions encountered, each alloy is susceptible to intergranular attack and development of porosity in the temperature range near 650-675-degrees-C. The mode of attack in all cases was found to be selective leaching of chromium (along with molybdenum in alloy X) initiating and concentrating at grain boundaries. Similar attack was not detected at higher LiH temperatures. Small amounts of nitrogen contamination in the vapor phase were speculated to be responsible for containment susceptibility to corrosion in vapor over LiH. RP PAWEL, SJ (reprint author), MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY STSY INC,DIV DEV,OAK RIDGE Y-12 PLANT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 218 IS 3 BP 302 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00436-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QL250 UT WOS:A1995QL25000004 ER PT J AU YASOSHIMA, M NAKANUMA, Y TSUNEYAMA, K VANDEWATER, J GERSHWIN, ME AF YASOSHIMA, M NAKANUMA, Y TSUNEYAMA, K VANDEWATER, J GERSHWIN, ME TI IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ADHESION MOLECULES IN THE MICROENVIRONMENT OF PORTAL TRACTS IN RELATION TO ABERRANT EXPRESSION OF PDC-E2 AND HLA-DR ON THE BILE-DUCTS IN PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS SO JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ADHESION MOLECULES; LIGANDS; BILE DUCT; PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS; PDC-E2; HLA-DR ID PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS; LEUKOCYTE ADHESION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; LIVER; LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIUM; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; PROTEIN; LIGAND AB We have examined immunohistochemically the expression of adhesion molecules in the micro-environment of portal tracts and their relationship to the expression of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 complex (PDC-E2) and HLA-DR in liver biopsy specimens. Ten cases of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and 19 controls were examined, including four cases of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, six of chronic viral hepatitis, and nine normal livers. In PBC, the damaged small bile ducts demonstrated an increased expression of PDC-E2 and an aberrant expression of HLA-DR; about half of these damaged bile ducts also expressed intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM)-1 and a few expressed vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. In addition, lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 and very late antigen (VLA)-4 were expressed on infiltrating lymphocytes around these bile ducts. In contrast, in control livers, these alterations in antigen expression on the bile ducts were either not observed or were only focal and weak, when present. These findings suggest that ICAM-1/LFA-1 and also VCAM-1/VLA-4 linkages between the damaged bile ducts and lymphocytes may facilitate antigen-specific reactions such as the presentation of antigens, possibly PDC-E2, to the periductal lymphocytes in PBC. ICAM-1, VCAM-l, and E-selectin were strongly expressed on the endothelial cells of some vessels in the portal tracts in PBC, suggesting the facilitation of the recruitment of lymphocytes around the bile ducts of PBC. VCAM-1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has not hitherto been reported on bile ducts. C1 KANAZAWA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL 2,KANAZAWA,ISHIKAWA 920,JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SCH MED,DIV RHEUMATOL ALLERGY & CLIN IMMUNOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39588] NR 30 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0022-3417 J9 J PATHOL JI J. Pathol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 175 IS 3 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1002/path.1711750310 PG 7 WC Oncology; Pathology SC Oncology; Pathology GA QP338 UT WOS:A1995QP33800009 PM 7538164 ER PT J AU THOMAS, RJ CHANDRASEKHAR, HR CHANDRASEKHAR, M JONES, ED SCHNEIDER, RP AF THOMAS, RJ CHANDRASEKHAR, HR CHANDRASEKHAR, M JONES, ED SCHNEIDER, RP TI POLARIZED PHOTOMODULATED REFLECTIVITY AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF ORDERED INGAP2 UNDER PRESSURE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on High Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP VI) CY AUG 21-24, 1994 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, DEPT PHYS, HARVARD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT PHYS, HIGH PRESSURE DIAMOND OPT INC, TUCSON, DRUKKER INT BV, PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS INC HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA DE ALLOYS; HIGH PRESSURE; LUMINESCENCE ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; GA0.5IN0.5P; ELECTROREFLECTANCE; TEMPERATURE; ALLOYS AB Spontaneous ordering of ternary alloys grown on misoriented substrates has been of recent interest. Ordering induced band gap reduction, and valence band splittings exhibiting novel polarization properties have been investigated by theory and experiment. In this paper, we discuss polarized photomodulated reflectivity (PR) and photoluminescence studies of MOCVD grown InGaP2 epilayers lattice-matched to a GaAs substrate. These structures were grown on a (001) face with a misorientation of two degrees along [110]. The high degree of ordering has enabled us to measure accurately the crystal field splitting and additional structure not reported in the PR spectra. For the electric field E parallel to [110] two features in the PR spectra are seen; for E parallel to[(1) over bar 10], however, additional features are observed. A comparison with the spectra of disordered samples of the same alloy composition has enabled a determination of the band gap reduction due to ordering. The linewidths of the PR peaks are approximately 5-10 meV which has enabled us to study them in detail as a function of hydrostatic pressure at cryogenic temperatures. The pressure dependence is slightly sublinear with the first order term of 8-9 meV/kbar for pressures well below the Gamma-X crossover. Also observed is the indirect level crossing which occurs under pressure at about 40 kbar. A comparison of PR lineshapes at 1 bar is also presented at several commonly used experimental temperatures. The data indicate a substantial change in PR lineshapes, showing that interpretation of reflectivity data for these samples must be carried out carefully. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP THOMAS, RJ (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 56 IS 3-4 BP 357 EP 362 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(94)00207-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QQ625 UT WOS:A1995QQ62500011 ER PT J AU CHOI, IH YU, PY AF CHOI, IH YU, PY TI DEEP LEVELS IN AGGASE2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on High Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP VI) CY AUG 21-24, 1994 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, DEPT PHYS, HARVARD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT PHYS, HIGH PRESSURE DIAMOND OPT INC, TUCSON, DRUKKER INT BV, PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS INC HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA DE SEMICONDUCTORS; HIGH PRESSURE; DEFECTS; LUMINESCENCE ID PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; GAP AB The photoluminescence spectra of AgGaSe2 obtained at 77 K are reported. Two emission peaks have been observed and their pressure dependence studied. One of these peaks has been identified with emission involving one of the two deep-level peaks, D-1 and D-2 observed previously in absorption measurement [Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 1717 (1994)]. A simple model for the capture of carriers into these deep levels has been proposed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 56 IS 3-4 BP 595 EP 598 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(94)00248-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QQ625 UT WOS:A1995QQ62500057 ER PT J AU SAMARA, GA SKOWRONSKI, M MITCHEL, WC AF SAMARA, GA SKOWRONSKI, M MITCHEL, WC TI PRESSURE AS A PROBE OF DEEP LEVELS AND DEFECTS IN SEMICONDUCTORS - ANTISITES AND OXYGEN CENTERS IN GAAS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on High Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP VI) CY AUG 21-24, 1994 CL UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP UNIV BRIT COLUMBIA, DEPT PHYS, HARVARD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT PHYS, HIGH PRESSURE DIAMOND OPT INC, TUCSON, DRUKKER INT BV, PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS INC HO UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA DE SEMICONDUCTORS GALLIUM ARSENIDE; HIGH PRESSURE; DEFECTS ID SBGA HETEROANTISITE DEFECT; ENERGY-LEVELS; MODE; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE AB The effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on the electron thermal emission rates and capture cross-sections of EL2 and EL3 in GaAs and on the conductivity of Sb-doped GaAs were studied. The results yielded the pressure dependences of the energies of the associated deep levels, allowed evaluation of the breathing mode lattice relaxations accompanying carrier emission or capture by these levels and revealed trends which lead to new insights. The results are discussed in terms of models for the responsible defects. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. USAF,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP SAMARA, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Skowronski, Marek/A-8934-2011 OI Skowronski, Marek/0000-0002-2087-0068 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 56 IS 3-4 BP 625 EP 629 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(94)00253-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QQ625 UT WOS:A1995QQ62500063 ER PT J AU WINANS, RE CARRADO, KA AF WINANS, RE CARRADO, KA TI NOVEL FORMS OF CARBON AS POTENTIAL ANODES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 15-20, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA DE CARBON; ANODE; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES ID ROCKING CHAIR BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERCALATION; HYDROTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYFURFURYL ALCOHOL; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; GRAPHITE FLUORIDES; POLYVINYL ACETATE; PILLARED CLAYS; CELLS; MONTMORILLONITE AB The objective of this study is to design and synthesize novel carbons as potential electrode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries. A synthetic approach which utilizes inorganic templates is described and initial characterization results are discussed. The templates also act as a catalyst enabling carbon formation at low temperatures. This synthetic approach should make it easier to control the surface and bulk characteristics of these carbons. RP WINANS, RE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02032-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA QV720 UT WOS:A1995QV72000004 ER PT J AU DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J AF DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J TI MODELING THE PERFORMANCE OF RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-BASED CELLS - DESIGN CORRELATIONS FOR LIMITING CASES SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 15-20, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA DE RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES ID POLYMER AB We use simplified models based on porous-electrode theory to describe the discharge of rechargeable lithium batteries and derive analytic expressions for the cell potential, specific energy, and average power in terms of the relevant system parameters. The resulting theoretical expressions are useful for design and optimization purposes and also can be used as a tool for the identification of system limitations from experimental data. The system treated is an ohmically-limited cell with no concentration gradients having an insertion reaction whose open-circuit potential depends linearly on state-of-charge. Although the slope of the open-circuit potential controls the reaction distribution in the porous electrode, we find that the cell potential is independent of this slope. The results are applied to a cell of the form Li\polymer\LiyMn2O4 in order to illustrate their utility. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP DOYLE, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 12 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 7 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02038-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA QV720 UT WOS:A1995QV72000010 ER PT J AU BATES, JB DUDNEY, NJ LUBBEN, DC GRUZALSKI, GR KWAK, BS YU, XH ZUHR, RA AF BATES, JB DUDNEY, NJ LUBBEN, DC GRUZALSKI, GR KWAK, BS YU, XH ZUHR, RA TI THIN-FILM RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 15-20, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA DE RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; THIN-FILM BATTERIES ID FABRICATION AB Thin-film rechargeable batteries with st lithium metal anode, an amorphous inorganic electrolyte, and cathodes of amorphous V2O5 and crystalline and amorphous LixMn2O4 have been fabricated and characterized. The performance of the thin-film cells was evaluated at different current densities and, in the case of Li-V2O5, at several temperatures. Electrical measurements show that the current density of the thin-film cells is limited by the lithium-ion mobility in the cathodes. The resistance of Li-LixMn2O4 cells with crystalline cathodes is about two orders of magnitude lower than that of Li-V2O5 cells with amorphous cathodes. RP BATES, JB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016 OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178 NR 7 TC 223 Z9 232 U1 18 U2 94 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 1 BP 58 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02040-A PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA QV720 UT WOS:A1995QV72000012 ER PT J AU HENRIKSEN, GL VISSERS, DR CHILENSKAS, AA AF HENRIKSEN, GL VISSERS, DR CHILENSKAS, AA TI SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF LITHIUM ALLOY METAL SULFIDE BATTERIES SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 15-20, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA DE SAFETY; LITHIUM BATTERIES; LITHIUM ALLOYS; IRON SULFIDES AB Lithium alloy/iron sulfide batteries have been under development at Argonne National Laboratory and at industrial laboratories worldwide for more than 20 years. Considerable data have been accumulated concerning th safety aspects of this battery system. Current technology employs a two-phase Li alloy negative electrode, a low melting LiCl-rich LiCI-LiBr-KBr molten salt electrolyte and either an FeS or an upper-plateau (UP) FeS2 positive electrode assembled into an 'electrolyte-starved' bipolar cell configuration. Although extensive safety tests on the Li alloy/FeSx battery systems have not been conducted, those that have indicated that these batteries are inherently quite safe. Hundreds of prismatic laboratory and engineering sized cells have been built and tested at Argonne National Laboratory and several industrial firms without safety incidents. These factors lead to the conclusion that it will be unlikely that any elaborate safety features will have to be engineered into Li alloy/FeSx batteries to meet the safety requirements for electric-vehicle applications. More extensive safety tests will be conducted as part of the ongoing development program to validate this conclusion. RP HENRIKSEN, GL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ELECTROCHEM TECHNOL PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 1 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02053-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA QV720 UT WOS:A1995QV72000025 ER PT J AU ARCHULETA, MM AF ARCHULETA, MM TI TOXICITY OF MATERIALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LITHIUM BATTERIES SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 15-20, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA DE LITHIUM BATTERIES; SAFETY; TOXICITY ID RELIABILITY AB The growing interest in battery systems has led to major advances in high-energy and/or high-power density lithium batteries. Potential applications for lithium batteries include radio transceivers, portable electronic instrumentation, emergency locator transmitters, night vision devices, human implantable devices, as well as uses in the aerospace and defense programs. With this new technology comes the use of new solvent and electrolyte systems in the research, development, and production of lithium batteries. The goal is to enhance lithium battery technology with the use of non-hazardous materials. Therefore, the toxicity and health hazards associated with exposure to the solvents and electrolytes used in current lithium battery research and development is evaluated and described. RP ARCHULETA, MM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,IND HYG TOXICOL,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 1 BP 138 EP 142 DI 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02054-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA QV720 UT WOS:A1995QV72000026 ER PT J AU RAJAGOPALAN, RG BERG, DE KLIMAS, PC AF RAJAGOPALAN, RG BERG, DE KLIMAS, PC TI DEVELOPMENT OF A 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR THE DARRIEUS ROTOR AND ITS WAKE SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB A computational procedure suitable for simulating the flowfield, performance, and interference of a curved-bladed, three-dimensional Darrieus wind turbine is presented. The rotor blades are modeled as time-averaged sources in the steady, laminar momentum equations solved on a Cartesian grid. As an illustration of the potential of the method, terrain and generator box influence on the behavior of the turbine are simulated in a uniform freestream wind. The generator box of the turbine is modeled as a solid cube and viscous no-slip boundary conditions are prescribed on the generator box and the ground plane, The influence of the terrain on the flowfield of the turbine is considered for two hypothetical, two-dimensional ridge-lines. Computed turbine performance, such as the power coefficient and the normal force coefficient, are compared with results from Sandia field tests and a theoretical method based on stream-tube momentum balance for a stand-alone turbine. Quantitative differences in the performance of the Sandia 17-m turbine with and without the hypothetical terrains are discussed. Qualitative behavior of the flowfield under the influence of the ground plane is also presented with the help of velocity vector plots acid path lines. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP RAJAGOPALAN, RG (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,CTR COMPUTAT FLUID DYNAM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 2 BP 185 EP 195 DI 10.2514/3.51410 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA QM084 UT WOS:A1995QM08400001 ER PT J AU MOLISCH, AF PARKER, GJ OEHRY, BP SCHUPITA, W MAGERL, G AF MOLISCH, AF PARKER, GJ OEHRY, BP SCHUPITA, W MAGERL, G TI RADIATION TRAPPING WITH PARTIAL FREQUENCY REDISTRIBUTION - COMPARISON OF APPROXIMATIONS AND EXACT-SOLUTIONS SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB We treat radiation trapping with partial frequency redistribution. We solve the generalized Holstein equation by reducing it to an algebraic eigenvalue problem. In contrast to the complete frequency redistribution case, the eigensolutions depend not only on space but also on frequency. We compare results obtained with exact angle-averaged frequency redistribution functions to various commonly used approximations. For pure Doppler broadening, the assumption of CFR gives less than 10% error. For Doppler plus natural broadening, the well-known Jefferies-White approximation can lead to serious errors at high opacities. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP MOLISCH, AF (reprint author), VIENNA TECH UNIV,INST NACHRICHTENTECH & HOCHFREQUENZTECH,GUSSHAUSSTR 25-389,A-1040 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 53 IS 3 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1016/0022-4073(95)90059-4 PG 7 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA QW823 UT WOS:A1995QW82300003 ER PT J AU SATO, K CHEN, DJ EGUCHIKASAI, K ITSUKAICHI, H ODAKA, T STRNISTE, GF AF SATO, K CHEN, DJ EGUCHIKASAI, K ITSUKAICHI, H ODAKA, T STRNISTE, GF TI INTERSPECIFIC COMPLEMENTATION BETWEEN MOUSE AND CHINESE-HAMSTER CELL MUTANTS HYPERSENSITIVE TO IONIZING-RADIATION SO JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE IONIZING RADIATION-SENSITIVE MUTANT; COMPLEMENTATION TEST; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID; MOUSE CELL; HAMSTER CELL ID RAY-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; STRAND DNA BREAKS; L5178Y CELLS; X-RAYS; REPAIR; LINES; RADIOSENSITIVITY AB Interspecific and intraspecific hybrids were formed between mouse and Chinese hamster cell mutants hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and their radiosensitivities were examined. Chinese hamster cell mutants irs1, irs2 and irs3 and mouse mammary carcinoma cell mutants SX9 and SX10 have been found to belong to five different complementation groups. A radiosensitive mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y-S has been demonstrated to be different from the X-ray sensitive mouse cell mutants M10 and LX830, both of which are derived from L5178Y cells, in their complementation groups. L5178Y-S is also distinct from SX9 and SX10. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELL GROWTH DAMAGE & REPAIR GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SATO, K (reprint author), NATL INST RADIOL SCI,DIV RADIAT HAZARDS,CHIBA 263,JAPAN. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI CHIBA PA C/O NAT INST RADIOLOGICAL SCI 9-1 ANAGAWA-4-CHOME INAGE-KU, CHIBA 263, JAPAN SN 0449-3060 J9 J RADIAT RES JI J. Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 1 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1269/jrr.36.38 PG 8 WC Biology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QY271 UT WOS:A1995QY27100005 PM 7616486 ER PT J AU FETSKO, SW CUMMINGS, PT AF FETSKO, SW CUMMINGS, PT TI BROWNIAN DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF BEAD-SPRING CHAIN MODELS FOR DILUTE POLYMER-SOLUTIONS IN ELONGATIONAL FLOW SO JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTION; SHEAR-FLOW; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FINITE EXTENSIBILITY; MACROMOLECULES C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0148-6055 J9 J RHEOL JI J. Rheol. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 2 BP 285 EP 299 DI 10.1122/1.550722 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA QL175 UT WOS:A1995QL17500002 ER PT J AU WANG, B CHAKOUMAKOS, BC SALES, BC KWAK, BS BATES, JB AF WANG, B CHAKOUMAKOS, BC SALES, BC KWAK, BS BATES, JB TI SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, AND IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY OF A POLYCRYSTALLINE LITHIUM PHOSPHORUS OXYNITRIDE WITH THE GAMMA-LI3PO4 STRUCTURE SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; REFINEMENT; CONDUCTORS AB A crystalline form of lithium phosphorus oxynitride, Li-2.88 PO3.73N0.14, has been prepared by solid state reaction between Li3N and LiPO3 under a flowing N-2 atmosphere. The structure of the oxynitride was refined by Rietveld analysis of neutron powder diffraction data using the orthorhombic unit cell of gamma-Li3PO4 with space group Pmnb. High-performance liquid chromatography measurement indicates that most nitrogen substitutes for oxygen to form PO3N structural units with small concentrations of P-N=P due to some Li <----> P disorder in the structure. The ionic conductivity of Li2.88PO3.73N0.14 (sigma(25 degrees C) similar to 10-13 S . cm(-1)) is several orders of magnitude higher than that of gamma-Li3PO4 (sigma(25 degrees C) similar to 10(-18) S . cm(-1)). (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP WANG, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 32 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 7 U2 65 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 115 IS 2 BP 313 EP 323 DI 10.1006/jssc.1995.1140 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QN277 UT WOS:A1995QN27700004 ER PT J AU BENCHER, CD DAUSKARDT, RH RITCHIE, RO AF BENCHER, CD DAUSKARDT, RH RITCHIE, RO TI MICROSTRUCTURAL DAMAGE AND FRACTURE PROCESSES IN A COMPOSITE SOLID ROCKET PROPELLANT SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID CRACK AB A study has been made of the microstructural damage and fracture processes associated with the fracture-toughness behavior of a polymer-matrix composite solid rocket-propellant material, Specifically, nonlinear-elastic fracture-mechanics tests were performed, as a function of displacement rate and temperature (-54 to 71 degrees C), on center-cracked sheet test samples to determine fracture toughness in the form of J-integral resistance curves and viscoelastic resistance curves for the inert propellant H-24; in addition, in situ video imaging was employed to characterize the deformation and interaction between microstructural features and the crack-path morphology. It was found that at the lowest temperatures the increased polymer matrix strength resulted in enhanced cavitation and particle delamination, leading to larger crack-tip fracture process zones and hence to higher fracture toughness. At the high temperatures, the weaker polymer matrix was seen to tear readily and to advance the! crack before significant particle delamination or cavitation would occur; this mechanism resulted in small fracture process zones and accounts for the decrease in fracture toughness with increasing temperature. The relationships between the toughness and fracture process in the material are discussed in terms of characterizing parameters for microstructural damage. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP BENCHER, CD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 32 IS 2 BP 328 EP 334 DI 10.2514/3.26614 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA QT160 UT WOS:A1995QT16000019 ER PT J AU DAROVSKY, A MESHKOVSKY, I COPPENS, P AF DAROVSKY, A MESHKOVSKY, I COPPENS, P TI A MULTIWAVELENGTH MONOCHROMATOR FOR THE X3A1 FIXED-ANGLE STATION AT THE NATIONAL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT-SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE MONOCHROMATORS; SIDEWAYS BEAMLINES; TRIANGULAR-SHAPED CRYSTALS; FIXED-ANGLE STATIONS AB A new revolving monochromator intercepting 2 mrad of the radiation fan at the State University of New York (SUNY) X3 beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) is described. The design allows for easy interchange between four different monochromator crystals. The photons are reflected in the horizontal plane to provide a monochromatic beam at a fixed-angle diffraction station. The triangular crystals can be bent for horizontal focusing. C1 OPTOEL,ST PETERSBURG 194101,RUSSIA. SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT CHEM,BUFFALO,NY 14260. RP DAROVSKY, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,SUNY X3 BEAMLINE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 2 BP 77 EP 78 DI 10.1107/S0909049594013154 PN 2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA RP379 UT WOS:A1995RP37900001 PM 16714791 ER PT J AU MCNANEY, JM CANNON, RM RITCHIE, RO AF MCNANEY, JM CANNON, RM RITCHIE, RO TI ELASTIC COMPLIANCE OF 4-POINT BEND SPECIMENS COMPRISING 2 LINEAR-ELASTIC MATERIALS BONDED WITH A THIN-LAYER SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE BIMATERIAL SANDWICH SPECIMEN; CRACK-LENGTH MONITORING; COMPLIANCE METHODS; BACK-FACE STRAIN (BFS); LOAD-LINE DISPLACEMENT (LLD); CRACK-OPENING DISPLACEMENT (GOD) ID CERAMIC-METAL INTERFACES; STRENGTH; FRACTURE AB The four-point bend ''sandwich'' specimen, comprising two identical linear-elastic substrates joined by a thin elastic layer, is widely used in the study of strength and toughness of bimaterial joints loaded under nominal mode I loading. As an aid to crack monitoring in such specimen geometries, the linear-elastic compliance based on load-line displacement, back-face strain, and crack-opening displacement has been determined for a wide range of substrate/layer material combinations using finite-element analyses. Calculations for bimaterial systems, with elastic moduli ratios varying from 0.2 to 5 and with joining layer thicknesses between 100 and 500 mu m, show that for crack sizes between 0.1 to 0.7 of the specimen width, the compliance is significantly different from that of the bulk substrates, even when the layer is very thin. It is concluded that crack-opening displacements are preferable for the monitoring and detection of interfacial and near; interfacial cracks in this specimen geometry, as the compliance based on these displacements is the least sensitive to errors from either measurement site or crack location. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MCNANEY, JM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; McNaney, James/F-5258-2013 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 23 IS 2 BP 95 EP 101 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA QL673 UT WOS:A1995QL67300004 ER PT J AU NIHEI, KT MYER, LR COOK, NGW AF NIHEI, KT MYER, LR COOK, NGW TI NUMERICAL-SIMULATION OF ELASTIC-WAVE PROPAGATION IN GRANULAR ROCK WITH THE BOUNDARY INTEGRAL-EQUATION METHOD SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; ATTENUATION; SCATTERING; MEDIA RP NIHEI, KT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD 50E,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Nihei, Kurt/K-1239-2016 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1423 EP 1434 DI 10.1121/1.412084 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA QL236 UT WOS:A1995QL23600007 ER PT J AU KADISH, A AF KADISH, A TI INFORMATION PATHS AND THE DETERMINATION OF STATE RELATIONS FROM DISPLACEMENT VELOCITY-MEASUREMENTS OF ELASTIC RODS SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR GENERATION; WAVE; SANDSTONE; ROCK RP KADISH, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1489 EP 1498 DI 10.1121/1.412089 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA QL236 UT WOS:A1995QL23600013 ER PT J AU STEVENSON, JW HALLMAN, PF ARMSTRONG, TR CHICK, LA AF STEVENSON, JW HALLMAN, PF ARMSTRONG, TR CHICK, LA TI SINTERING BEHAVIOR OF DOPED LANTHANUM AND YTTRIUM MANGANITE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION-REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; DEFECT STRUCTURE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; NONSTOICHIOMETRY; CONDUCTIVITY; LA1-YCAYMNO3; Y1-YCAYMNO3; LAMNO3 AB The sintering behavior of doped manganite powders was found to be highly dependent on changes in calcination conditions and A/B cation ratio. Coarsening of combustion synthesized powders by calcination allowed for higher green densities in dry-pressed compacts, which resulted in higher sintered densities for powders calcined in the temperature range 800 degrees-1200 degrees C. Sintered densities decreased for calcination temperatures greater than 1200 degrees C. Preparation of manganites with a deficiency of A-site cations improved the densification behavior substantially, This effect was attributed to an increased concentration of A-site vacancies which enhanced the diffusion of A-site cations during sintering. Modification of doped manganites by alteration of composition and calcination conditions allowed their sintering shrinkage to be ''tailored'' to more closely match the shrinkage of yttria-stabilized zirconia. RP STEVENSON, JW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 507 EP 512 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08207.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QM996 UT WOS:A1995QM99600001 ER PT J AU TANAKA, I IGASHIRA, K OKAMOTO, T NIIHARA, K CANNON, RM AF TANAKA, I IGASHIRA, K OKAMOTO, T NIIHARA, K CANNON, RM TI HIGH-TEMPERATURE FRACTURE MECHANISM OF LOW-CA-DOPED SILICON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS; HOT-PRESSED SI3N4; CRACK-GROWTH; CREEP; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; PHASE; MAPS AB High-purity Si3N4 (with 2.5 wt% glassy SiO2) doped with 0 to 450 at.ppm of Ca nas prepared as a model system to investigate the effects of grain-boundary segregants on fracture phenomenology at 1400 degrees C. Subcritical crack-growth (SCG) resistance as well as creep resistance was degraded significantly by the presence of a small amount of Ca. The internal friction of the doped materials exhibited the super-position of a grain-boundary relaxation peak and a high-temperature background, and the apparent viscosity of the grain-boundary film was determined from the peak, Based on these experimental data, the fracture mechanism at 1400 degrees C was divided into three regions: ''brittle,'' SCG, and creep failure as a function of both external strain rate and Ca concentration, C-Ca. From the investigation of the C-Ca dependence of the critical strain rate for the transition from ''brittle'' to SCG fractures, the SCG phenomenon is suggested to be triggered by small-scale, grain-boundary sliding, The C-Ca dependence of ''steady-state'' creep rate was far from the theoretical dependence of diffusional creep via a solution-precipitation mechanism. The discrepancy was interpreted to be due to the presence of an impurity-insensitive creep component, This component may correspond to the lowest limit of the tensile creep rate in Si3N4 polycrystalline materials containing intergranular glassy-SiO2 film. C1 OSAKA UNIV,INST SCI & IND RES,IBARAKI,OSAKA 567,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Tanaka, Isao/B-5941-2009 NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 673 EP 679 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08231.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QM996 UT WOS:A1995QM99600025 ER PT J AU BEAUCHAMP, EK AF BEAUCHAMP, EK TI CRACK FRONT STABILITY AND HACKLE FORMATION IN HIGH-VELOCITY GLASS FRACTURE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Optical and scanning electron microscopy of ''hackle streaks'' and interference microscopy on fracture surfaces showed that major velocity hackle features can be produced at substantially lower K values than that associated with the hackle boundary in glass fracture. A novel method was used to determine crack propagation velocity along the streaks. Hackle generation was associated with distortion along the crack front from prior fracture events or from stress pulses generated at other hackle features. Explanations are presented for changes in velocity hackle at mist and hackle boundaries and for the low experimental values of the terminal velocity for fracture in glass. RP BEAUCHAMP, EK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 689 EP 697 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08234.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QM996 UT WOS:A1995QM99600028 ER PT J AU SMITH, PA HAERLE, AG AF SMITH, PA HAERLE, AG TI PARTICLE CROWDING ANALYSIS OF SLIP CASTING SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION; FILTRATION; PACKING AB The particle crowding index and interparticle spacing terms were calculated for seven alumina suspensions. The particle crowding index was used to interpret the casting rate for the tested alumina suspensions; the index was successfully correlated with the casting rate for cakes that produced the same modes of porosity, Unfortunately, this index could not be correlated with the casting rate for the particle system that produced varied porosity as a function of composition. The interparticle spacing term was correlated with viscosity for particle size distributions between 31 and 0.1 mu m. For particle size distributions extended to 44 mu m, the viscosity could not be correlated with interparticle spacing, because the quantity of fine particles, rather than the particle packing, controlled the viscosity. C1 DOW CHEM CO USA, MIDLAND, MI 48674 USA. RP SMITH, PA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 809 EP 812 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08252.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA QM996 UT WOS:A1995QM99600046 ER PT J AU SHADLE, SE HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO SOLOMON, EI AF SHADLE, SE HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO SOLOMON, EI TI LIGAND K-EDGE X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES - METAL-LIGAND COVALENCY IN A SERIES OF TRANSITION-METAL TETRACHLORIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID IRON MOLYBDENUM COFACTOR; STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS; COPPER; NITROGENASE; PROBE; SITE AB X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) have been measured at the chlorine K-edge for a series of tetrahedral MCL(4)(n-) complexes (M = Cu-II, Ni-II, Co-II, Fe-II, and Fe-III) to investigate ligand-metal bonding. The intensity of the pre-edge feature in these spectra reflects excited-state multiplet effects, intermediate-strength ligand field excited-state mixing, and ligand-metal covalency in the partially occupied d-orbital-derived molecular orbitals of each complex. A methodology which relates covalency to pre-edge intensity for d(10-n) hole systems (n greater than or equal to 1) is developed. Application of this methodology to the experimental data provides quantitative information about the covalency of the ligand-metal bond. The energy of the pre-edge feature is related to both the charge on the ligand and the metal d-derived orbital energy. An analysis of the pre-edge and edge energies allows the relative energy of the metal d-manifold, as well as the charge on each chloride ligand, to be quantitated. Results show that the HOMO covalency decreases across the series from (CuC42-)-C-II to (FeCl42-)-Cl-II, while that of (FeCl4-)-Cl-III is larger than that of (FeCl42-)-Cl-II. This is related to the experimentally determined d-manifold energies, which vary in the order Fe-III < Cu-II < Ni-II < Co-II < Fe-II. The metal centers with the deepest d-manifold energies (closest to the ligand 3p orbital energy) are involved in the strongest ligand-metal bonding interactions and exhibit the largest metal d-derived orbital covalency. The total charge donated by the chloride ligands to the metal is greatest in (FeC4-)-C-III, and the variation observed is similar to that seen for the metal d-derived orbital covalency: Fe-III > Cu-II > Fe-II similar to Co-II similar to Ni-II. This study extends ligand K-edge XAS to the investigation of ligand-metal bonding in d(10-n) hole systems (n greater than or equal to 1) and forms the foundation for future ligand K-edge XAS studies of electronic structure in transition metal centers. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. NR 34 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 8 BP 2259 EP 2272 DI 10.1021/ja00113a015 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QK082 UT WOS:A1995QK08200015 ER PT J AU DADARLAT, D BICANIC, D VISSER, H MERCURI, F FRANDAS, A AF DADARLAT, D BICANIC, D VISSER, H MERCURI, F FRANDAS, A TI PHOTOPYROELECTRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS AND DETECTION OF PHASE-TRANSITIONS IN FATTY-ACIDS AND TRIGLYCERIDES .1. PRINCIPLES, THEORY, AND INSTRUMENTATIONAL CONCEPTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE FATTY ACIDS; MELTING POINTS; PHASE TRANSITIONS; PHOTOPYROELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY; THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS; TRIGLYCERIDES ID SOLIDS AB The photopyroelectric (PPE) technique is proposed to detect solid-to-liquid phase transitions in fatty acids and triglycerides. Various PPE configurations and cell geometries were used to obtain thermal parameters in the vicinity of the melting points for these samples. In the standard (SPPE) configuration used to determine specific heat, the sample is thermally thin and optically opaque, while the sensor itself is thermally thick. The same configuration, but with a thermally thick sample instead, allows direct measurement of the sample's thermal diffusivity. The temperature dependence of the thermal effusivity was obtained for a thermally thick sample and a thermally thin sensor [inverse (IPPE) configuration], and for a semitransparent thermally thick sensor by making use of the front configuration. C1 AGR UNIV WAGENINGEN,DEPT AGR ENGN & PHYS,LASER PHOTOACOUST LAB,6703 HD WAGENINGEN,NETHERLANDS. INST ISOTOPE & MOLEC TECHNOL,R-3400 CLUJ NAPOCA,ROMANIA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DEPT MECH ENGN,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. RI Dadarlat, Dorin /C-3386-2011; Limare, Angela/E-8774-2017 OI Limare, Angela/0000-0001-6755-9843 NR 9 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1007/BF02541082 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QM556 UT WOS:A1995QM55600002 ER PT J AU DADARLAT, D BICANIC, D VISSER, H MERCURI, F FRANDAS, A AF DADARLAT, D BICANIC, D VISSER, H MERCURI, F FRANDAS, A TI PHOTOPYROELECTRIC DETERMINATION OF THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS AND DETECTION OF PHASE-TRANSITIONS IN FATTY-ACIDS AND TRIGLYCERIDES .2. TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE FATTY ACIDS; MELTING POINTS; PHASE TRANSITIONS; PHOTOPYROELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY; THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS; TRIGLYCERIDES AB The photopyroelectric (PPE) technique was used to detect solid-to-liquid phase transitions in saturated [C6:0, C10:0, C12:0, C16:0 palmitic acid (P), C18:0 stearic acid (S)] and unsaturated (C18:2) fatty acids and some triglycerides (PSP, PPS). By using the standard PPE configuration with a thermally thin and optically opaque sample and a thermally thick sensor (a1.1); the temperature behavior of the volume-specific heat in a temperature range that includes the melting points for C10:0, C12:0, C16:0, and C18:0 was obtained. When the standard PPE configuration, with sample and sensor both being thermally thick and the sample being optically opaque (a1.2), was used, the information contained in the phase of the PPE signal allowed direct measurement of the thermal diffusivity for C10:0, C12:0, and PSP. The inverse configuration with a thermally thick sample and thermally thin sensor (b1.2) or a semitransparent thermally thick sensor (b2) was used to obtain critical behavior of the thermal effusivity for C10:0 and C12:0, respectively. Critical behavior of the thermal conductivity for same samples was computed from information obtained from amplitude and phase measurements (a1.2), or by combining a1.1 and b1.2 data. The history (age, storage conditions, annealing) of the samples affects the critical behavior of thermal parameters. C1 AGR UNIV WAGENINGEN,DEPT AGR ENGN & PHYS,LASER PHOTOACOUST LAB,6703 HD WAGENINGEN,NETHERLANDS. INST ISOTOPE & MOLEC TECHNOL,R-3400 CLUJ NAPOCA,ROMANIA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DEPT MECH ENGN,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. RI Dadarlat, Dorin /C-3386-2011; Limare, Angela/E-8774-2017 OI Limare, Angela/0000-0001-6755-9843 NR 4 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1007/BF02541083 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QM556 UT WOS:A1995QM55600003 ER PT J AU GROENEWOLD, GS LNGRAM, JC DELMORE, JE APPELHANS, AD AF GROENEWOLD, GS LNGRAM, JC DELMORE, JE APPELHANS, AD TI STATIC SECONDARY IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF TRIBUTYL-PHOSPHATE ON MINERAL SURFACES - EFFECT OF FE(II) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ION AB The static secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) spectrum of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) on a variety of basalt and quartz samples is affected by the chemical composition of the mineral surface. When TBP is adsorbed on Fe(II)-bearing surfaces, the compound undergoes concomitant H- abstraction and reduction, followed by the elimination of two C4H8 molecules to form an ion at m/z 137(+). When TBP is adsorbed to quartz or other nonreducing surfaces, it merely undergoes protonation and elimination of three C4H8 molecules to form H4PO4+. When TBP is adsorbed to Fe(III)-bearing surfaces, it undergoes H- abstraction and elimination of two C4H8 molecules, to form an ion at m/z 153(+). These conclusions are supported by model studies that employed FeO, Fe2O3, TBP, and tributyl phosphite. The results show that the SIMS spectrum is very sensitive to the mode of TBP adsorption on the mineral surface. RP GROENEWOLD, GS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 6 IS 3 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(94)00125-J PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA QP831 UT WOS:A1995QP83100002 PM 24214114 ER PT J AU IMAN, RL AF IMAN, RL TI NEW PARADIGMS FOR THE STATISTICS PROFESSION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID EDUCATION RP IMAN, RL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATIST ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 90 IS 429 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.2307/2291123 PG 6 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA QH030 UT WOS:A1995QH03000001 ER PT J AU DAVENPORT, AJ BARDWELL, JA VITUS, CM AF DAVENPORT, AJ BARDWELL, JA VITUS, CM TI IN-SITU XANES STUDY OF GALVANOSTATIC REDUCTION OF THE PASSIVE FILM ON IRON SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CATHODIC REDUCTION; ELECTRODE AB In situ XANES (x-ray absorption near-edge structure) was used to study galvanostatic reduction of the passive film on iron. In a berate buffer, the film appears to be removed in a layer-by-layer fashion by reductive dissolution during the first potential arrest. A burst of dissolution takes place at the end of the arrest for slow reduction rates. During the course of reduction, the remaining film shows a composition change from ferric oxide toward Fe3O4. This may indicate that the film has an inner layer of Fe3O4. Galvanostatic reduction of the passive film grown on iron in 0.1M KOH leads to complete reduction of the passive film to ferrous oxide or hydroxide without any detectable dissolution. C1 NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,INST MICROSTRUCT SCI,OTTAWA,ON K1A 0R6,CANADA. RP DAVENPORT, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013; OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X; Bardwell, Jennifer/0000-0002-1990-0741 NR 15 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 721 EP 724 DI 10.1149/1.2048524 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500015 ER PT J AU DAVENPORT, AJ SANSONE, M AF DAVENPORT, AJ SANSONE, M TI HIGH-RESOLUTION IN-SITU XANES INVESTIGATION OF THE NATURE OF THE PASSIVE FILM ON IRON IN A PH 8.4 BORATE BUFFER SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXIDE-FILMS; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; EDGE STRUCTURE; SPECTRA; EXAFS; FE; REDUCTION AB The nature of the passive film grown on iron in a pH 8.4 borate buffer at a high potential [+0.4 V (MSE)] was investigated with high resolution in situ XANES (x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy). The pre-edge peak at the base of the Fe K edge showed no evidence of the splitting associated with structures such as alpha-Fe2O3, alpha-FeOOH, and gamma-FeOOH which contain iron that is entirely octahedrally coordinated to oxygen. The single pre-edge peak is consistent with the proposed gamma-Fe2O3/Fe3O4 structure(in which one-third of the iron ions are tetrahedrally coordinated) or with a disordered structure with distorted coordination polyhedra. C1 EXXON RES & ENGN CO, ANNANDALE, NJ 08801 USA. RP DAVENPORT, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 42 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 725 EP 730 DI 10.1149/1.2048525 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500016 ER PT J AU WANG, MH NEWMAN, J AF WANG, MH NEWMAN, J TI THE ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF SODIUM POLYSULFIDE MELTS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FUSED POLYSULFIDES AB The electrical conductivities of sodium polysulfide melts, Na2S4 and Na2S5, were measured as a function of temperature between 300 and 360 degrees C. Due to the viscous nature of the sodium polysulfide melts, the conductance cells are axisymmetric cylindrical cells with a microelectrode, instead of capillary cells. The values of the Arrhenius activation energy derived from the experimental conductivity data are about 33 kJ/mol. The macroscopic model of sodium polysulfide melts has described the melts as composed of sodium cations, monosulfide anions, and neutral sulfur solvent.(1) For this model, the binary interaction coefficients quantifying the interaction between sodium cations and monosulfide anions were calculated from the experimental conductivity data and literature data for the transference number, diffusion coefficient, activity coefficient, and density. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WANG, MH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 761 EP 764 DI 10.1149/1.2048531 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500022 ER PT J AU JORNE, J ADLER, TC CAIRNS, EJ AF JORNE, J ADLER, TC CAIRNS, EJ TI VISUAL OBSERVATIONS OF EARLY SHAPE CHANGES IN A ZINC NICKEL-OXIDE CELL SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ELECTRODES; ENGINEERING ANALYSIS; MECHANISM AB Visual observations of the back side of a Zn electrode in a Zn/NiOOH single cell indicate that the patterns of Zn formed during charge, and the patterns of ZnO formed during discharge, are both very reproducible. Comparison of these patterns after various early cycles shows identical shapes, indicating that these patterns are established during the initial formation. Potential oscillations of the Zn electrode, during the middle of the charge period, indicate that the electrode oscillates between the Zn- and the ZnO dominating states. It is proposed that the formation, which is obtained at very low current density is at least partially responsible for nonuniform distributions of Zn and ZnO, which are then maintained throughout the cycling of the cell. It is suggested to investigate the effect of the formation procedure on the shape change of the Zn electrode. It is quite possible that a fast initial formation step might improve the uniformity of the Zn electrode and its shape change later on during cycling. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 771 EP 774 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500024 ER PT J AU LI, HS JOSOWICZ, M BAER, DR ENGELHARD, MH JANATA, J AF LI, HS JOSOWICZ, M BAER, DR ENGELHARD, MH JANATA, J TI PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYANILINE-PALLADIUM COMPOSITE FILMS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; ELECTRODEPOSITION; DEPOSITION; SYSTEM; ACID AB Palladium is a preeminent material for the preparation of sensors for hydrogen and hydrogen-evolving compounds. Conducting polyaniline can be chemically or electrochemically functionalized by the incorporation of palladium clusters. Different interfaces in a three-dimensional matrix for hydrogen adsorption, desorption, and evolution were synthesized and characterized. Dispersions of palladium clusters in the polymer film were formed by various preparation routes, which can be classified as one- or two-step processes. In the one-step process, the composite material was obtained during the electrosynthesis of polyaniline film. In the two-step processes, Pd aggregated into the polyaniline modified electrode. Electrochemical examination, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy have been employed to characterize the composite materials in view of the hydrogen sorption and evolution as well as the binding energy state and the spatial distribution of the palladium clusters in polyaniline film. RP LI, HS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 23 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 798 EP 805 DI 10.1149/1.2048538 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500028 ER PT J AU TRYK, DA BAE, IT HU, YN KIM, SH ANTONIO, MR SCHERSON, DA AF TRYK, DA BAE, IT HU, YN KIM, SH ANTONIO, MR SCHERSON, DA TI IN-SITU X-RAY-ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS OF LANI5 ELECTRODES IN ALKALINE ELECTROLYTES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID METAL HYDRIDE ELECTRODES; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; EXAFS; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION; AMPLITUDE; DEUTERIUM; BEHAVIOR; BATTERY AB In situ Ni K-edge and La L(m)-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements of LaNi5 electrodes supported on hydrophobic carbon black-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) layers were carried out in strongly alkaline electrolytes as a function of the state of charge. The Ni K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) for the material in the discharged (and uncharged) and charged states were essentially identical to those reported earlier for crystalline LaNi5 before and after exposure to gas-phase hydrogen, respectively. The Ni K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis of the most prominent shell yielded average Ni-Ni nearest neighbor distances of 2.52 +/- 0.02 Angstrom for the charged compared to 2.47 +/- 0.02 Angstrom for the discharged and uncharged electrodes. For the La L(m)-edge XANES, the white line was found to be significantly more intense for the charged than for the uncharged LaNi5, an effect consistent with an increase in the density of empty d-like states just above the Fermi level on hydrogen injection. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TRYK, DA (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. RI Tryk, Donald/D-5931-2012 OI Tryk, Donald/0000-0003-4660-9674 NR 36 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 824 EP 828 DI 10.1149/1.2048542 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500032 ER PT J AU PETERSEN, GA PARMETER, JE APBLETT, CA GONZALES, MF SMITH, PM OMSTEAD, TR NORMAN, JAT AF PETERSEN, GA PARMETER, JE APBLETT, CA GONZALES, MF SMITH, PM OMSTEAD, TR NORMAN, JAT TI ENHANCED CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF COPPER FROM (HFAC)CU(TMVS) USING LIQUID COINJECTION OF TMVS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FILM GROWTH; METALLIZATION; PRECURSORS; HEXAFLUOROACETYLACETONATE; MORPHOLOGY; CU(I) AB A direct liquid coinjection system has been applied to the chemical vapor deposition of copper using the commercially available Cu(I)precursor (hfac)Cu(TMVS), where hfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonate and TMVS = trimethylvinylsilane. Precursor delivery was enhanced through the use of a coinjection system wherein additional TMVS was mixed with the copper precursor before injection into the vaporization chamber. The results reported here demonstrate the capability of depositing blanket copper of high purity (on the order of 99.99% copper) and low resistivity (1.85 +/- 0.1 mu Omega-cm). These copper films have been deposited at rates up to and exceeding 1500 Angstrom/min. The effects of temperature and carrier gas on deposition rate and resistivity are examined, The as-deposited films demonstrate a dependence of grain size with thickness and little structural or morphological change with annealing. This study suggests that liquid coinjection is an effective method for enhancing deposition rates and for producing high quality copper films from copper(I) precursors. C1 CVC PROD INC,ROCHESTER,NY 14603. SCHUMACHER INC,CARLSBAD,CA 92009. RP PETERSEN, GA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 142 IS 3 BP 939 EP 944 DI 10.1149/1.2048562 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA QL585 UT WOS:A1995QL58500052 ER PT J AU PAUL, PH FARROW, RL DANEHY, PM AF PAUL, PH FARROW, RL DANEHY, PM TI GAS-PHASE THERMAL-GRATING CONTRIBUTIONS TO 4-WAVE-MIXING SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-GENERATION; ULTRASONIC-WAVES; LASER AB The nature of optical scattering from laser-induced thermal gratings created in the gas phase is investigated. Thermal gratings are produced with the illumination geometry used to perform degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) measurements. Such scattering from thermal gratings can act as a phase-matched interference signal. A solution to the linearized hydrodynamic equations is developed to model the dynamics of the thermal grating. Predictions of this model that uses realistic gas properties are shown to compare favorably with laboratory measurements. The model includes the effects of finite-rate energy deposition, damping by viscosity and thermal conduction, mass diffusion of the excited-state grating, and electrostrictive compression. C1 STANFORD UNIV,HIGH TEMP GASDYNAM LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP PAUL, PH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 27 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 12 IS 3 BP 384 EP 392 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.000384 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA QL286 UT WOS:A1995QL28600003 ER PT J AU BUCKLES, R GLADDEN, J LOONEY, B AF BUCKLES, R GLADDEN, J LOONEY, B TI THE CALIFORNIA MODEL - A COOPERATIVE SOLUTION FOR LAND REUSE AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION SO JOURNAL OF URBAN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US DOE,WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,ENVIRONM SCI SECT,AIKEN,SC. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC URBAN TECHNOLOGY PI BROOKLYN PA SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, 300 JAY ST, BROOKLYN, NY 11201 SN 1063-0732 J9 J URBAN TECHNOL JI J. Urban Technol. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 2 BP 31 EP 49 PG 19 WC Urban Studies SC Urban Studies GA RJ435 UT WOS:A1995RJ43500005 ER PT J AU MCMANUS, M JONES, KW CLESCERI, NL PREISS, IL AF MCMANUS, M JONES, KW CLESCERI, NL PREISS, IL TI RENEWAL OF BROOKLYN GOWANUS CANAL AREA SO JOURNAL OF URBAN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12181. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MCMANUS, M (reprint author), GOWANUS CANAL COMMUNITY DEV CORP,BROOKLYN,NY, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOC URBAN TECHNOLOGY PI BROOKLYN PA SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, 300 JAY ST, BROOKLYN, NY 11201 SN 1063-0732 J9 J URBAN TECHNOL JI J. Urban Technol. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 2 BP 51 EP 64 PG 14 WC Urban Studies SC Urban Studies GA RJ435 UT WOS:A1995RJ43500006 ER PT J AU PARK, KT CAO, JM GAO, Y RUCKMAN, MW AF PARK, KT CAO, JM GAO, Y RUCKMAN, MW TI PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF THIN CR OVERLAYERS ON NH3/GAAS(100) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID METAL-NONMETAL TRANSITION; X-RAY-PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; AL NITRIDE; GROWTH; ABSORPTION; MONOXIDES; GAAS(100); LAYERS C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP PARK, KT (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627, USA. RI Gao, Yongli/N-8392-2015 OI Gao, Yongli/0000-0001-9765-5246 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 200 EP 206 DI 10.1116/1.579399 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QM440 UT WOS:A1995QM44000007 ER PT J AU MATTSON, JE FULLERTON, EE SOWERS, CH BADER, SD AF MATTSON, JE FULLERTON, EE SOWERS, CH BADER, SD TI EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF BODY-CENTERED-CUBIC TRANSITION-METAL FILMS AND SUPERLATTICES ONTO MGO (111), (011), AND (001) SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ULTRATHIN FILMS; ANISOTROPY; MULTILAYERS; MGO(001); SURFACE RP MATTSON, JE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 276 EP 281 DI 10.1116/1.579410 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QM440 UT WOS:A1995QM44000018 ER PT J AU PARK, Y FULLERTON, EE BADER, SD AF PARK, Y FULLERTON, EE BADER, SD TI EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF ULTRATHIN MGO FILMS ON FE(001) SEED LAYERS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID PULSED LASER DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; GAAS C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Park, Yongsup/B-6387-2009; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 301 EP 304 DI 10.1116/1.579414 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QM440 UT WOS:A1995QM44000022 ER PT J AU BERRY, LA GORBATKIN, SM AF BERRY, LA GORBATKIN, SM TI PERMANENT-MAGNET ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE PLASMA SOURCE WITH REMOTE WINDOW SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE PLASMA; DEPOSITION RP BERRY, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1116/1.579420 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA QM440 UT WOS:A1995QM44000028 ER PT J AU MAYA, L ALLEN, WR GLOVER, AL MABON, JC AF MAYA, L ALLEN, WR GLOVER, AL MABON, JC TI GOLD NANOCOMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID GAN; FILMS; PHOTOEMISSION; DEPOSITION; CLUSTERS C1 Y12 PLANT,DEV SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MAYA, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-211X J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 361 EP 365 DI 10.1116/1.587946 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QU097 UT WOS:A1995QU09700034 ER PT J AU TALIN, AA FELTER, TE DEVINE, DJ AF TALIN, AA FELTER, TE DEVINE, DJ TI EFFECTS OF POTASSIUM AND LITHIUM METAL-DEPOSITION ON THE EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF SPINDT-TYPE THIN-FILM FIELD-EMISSION MICROCATHODE ARRAYS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC 94) CY JUL 04-07, 1994 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE C1 COLORAY DISPLAY CORP,FREMONT,CA 94539. RP TALIN, AA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-211X J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 448 EP 451 DI 10.1116/1.587968 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QU097 UT WOS:A1995QU09700057 ER PT J AU LEVINE, JD MEYER, R BAPTIST, R FELTER, TE TALIN, AA AF LEVINE, JD MEYER, R BAPTIST, R FELTER, TE TALIN, AA TI FIELD-EMISSION FROM MICROTIP TEST ARRAYS USING RESISTOR STABILIZATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC 94) CY JUL 04-07, 1994 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE C1 CEN GRENOBLE,LET CEA TECHNOL AVANCEES,F-38054 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP LEVINE, JD (reprint author), TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC,DALLAS,TX 75243, USA. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-211X J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 474 EP 477 DI 10.1116/1.588336 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QU097 UT WOS:A1995QU09700063 ER PT J AU LI, WD THUNDAT, T ANAN, T SCHOWALTER, LJ AF LI, WD THUNDAT, T ANAN, T SCHOWALTER, LJ TI SURFACE-MORPHOLOGY OF EPITAXIAL CAF2/SI(111) AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SUBSEQUENT GAAS EPITAXY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th North American Conference on Molecular-Beam Epitaxy CY OCT 10-12, 1994 CL UNIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN, URBANA, IL HO UNIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NEC CORP LTD,OPTOELECTR LABS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP LI, WD (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,CTR INTEGRATED ELECTR,TROY,NY 12180, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-211X J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 670 EP 673 DI 10.1116/1.587938 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QU097 UT WOS:A1995QU09700106 ER PT J AU KLEM, JF LOVEJOY, ML AF KLEM, JF LOVEJOY, ML TI ALGAASSB/INGASB QUANTUM-WELL HETEROSTRUCTURES FOR P-CHANNEL FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th North American Conference on Molecular-Beam Epitaxy CY OCT 10-12, 1994 CL UNIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN, URBANA, IL HO UNIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN RP KLEM, JF (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-211X J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 702 EP 705 DI 10.1116/1.588140 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QU097 UT WOS:A1995QU09700115 ER PT J AU WOYCHIK, RP WILKINSON, JE MOYER, JH LEETISCHLER, M KWON, HY SHRICK, JJ YODER, B AVNER, ED SWEENEY, WE GODFREY, VL AF WOYCHIK, RP WILKINSON, JE MOYER, JH LEETISCHLER, M KWON, HY SHRICK, JJ YODER, B AVNER, ED SWEENEY, WE GODFREY, VL TI INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS AND PKD SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Forefronts in Nephrology - The Molecular Basis of Renal Cystic Disease CY MAY 13-15, 1994 CL NIGRA ON THE LAKE, CANADA SP INT SOC NEPHROL ID MITOSIS; MOTIF; GENES RP WOYCHIK, RP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 47 IS 3 BP 732 EP 732 DI 10.1038/ki.1995.111 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA QH038 UT WOS:A1995QH03800024 ER PT J AU LIU, J KIM, AY VIRDEN, JW BUNKER, BC AF LIU, J KIM, AY VIRDEN, JW BUNKER, BC TI EFFECT OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES ON THE FORMATION OF ORDERED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Letter ID INORGANIC-ORGANIC INTERFACES AB This research investigates the effect of colloidal particles on the preparation of ordered mesoporous materials (M41S). It demonstrates that colloidal silica and colloidal titania particles promote the formation of these materials. Under similar conditions no ordered structure is observed without the colloidal particles. A heterogeneous nucleation mechanism is proposed based on these observations and is supported by direct evidence from transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RP LIU, J (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, BATTELLE BLVD,BOX 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 3 BP 689 EP 692 DI 10.1021/la00003a001 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA QP595 UT WOS:A1995QP59500001 ER PT J AU MARTINO, A KALER, EW AF MARTINO, A KALER, EW TI PHASE-BEHAVIOR AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF NONAQUEOUS MICROEMULSIONS .2. SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; WATERLESS MICROEMULSIONS; MICELLE FORMATION; FORMAMIDE; SURFACTANTS; SOLVENTS; MIXTURES; SYSTEM; GLYCEROL; DIAGRAMS AB The microstructure of nonaqueous microemulsions formed with propylene glycol, glycerol, three different alkanes, and pentaethylene glycol mono-n-dodecyl ether (C(12)E(5)) is probed with NMR self-diffusion measurements and small angle neutron scattering(SANS). At low oil concentrations, both NMR selfdiffusion and SANS results can be modeled in terms of a microstrucure of ellipsoidal oil-rich droplets with only excluded volume interactions. These droplet structures percolate to an oil-continuous structure as the volume fraction of oil in the microemulsions increases. Percolation thresholds measured as a function of alkane chain length are interpreted in terms of the phase behavior of the microemulsion and the strength of droplet interactions. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COLBURN LAB,NEWARK,DE 19716. SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV FUEL SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 41 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 3 BP 779 EP 784 DI 10.1021/la00003a019 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA QP595 UT WOS:A1995QP59500019 ER PT J AU BALDWIN, GC SOLEM, JC AF BALDWIN, GC SOLEM, JC TI KINETICS OF NEUTRON-BURST-PUMPED GAMMA-RAY LASERS SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB In two recently proposed graser concepts, neutron bursts would be employed to pump the excited states to inversion. We describe the kinetics of such hypothetical grasers by using coupled Maxwell-Schrodinger equations to derive a kinetic equation, apply it to evaluate a proposed system pumped by the Co-57(n, p)Fe-57 reaction, and determine the neutron-burst requirements for net gain. We find, in agreement with previous studies of pumping with neutron bursts, that it is not feasible to pump a graser directly with any existing source of neutrons. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 2 BP 326 EP 335 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA QV124 UT WOS:A1995QV12400018 ER PT J AU HALE, D LADY, G AF HALE, D LADY, G TI QUALITATIVE COMPARATIVE STATICS AND AUDITS OF MODEL PERFORMANCE SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Graphs and Matrices in Honor of John Maybee CY MAY 07-08, 1993 CL BOULDER, CO ID SOLVABILITY AB It is often difficult to determine if large, computer based models actually conform to the mathematical descriptions given in their documentation. One way to study this problem is through a sensitivity, or comparative statics, analysis of the model. At issue is the degree to which characteristics of the Jacobian matrix associated with a solution to the model can be shown to imply characteristics of the inverse Jacobian matrix. Any necessary characteristics of the inverse Jacobian can be tested for via comparative statics. Sign nonsingularity of the Jacobian provides an opportunity to audit a model's mathematical documentation through a comparative statics analysis. Prototype software was developed that tested for sign nonsingularity and applied to the Jacobian matrix corresponding to the U.S. Department of Energy's Oil Market Simulation Model. It was found that the signs of all of the elements of the inverse Jacobian matrix could be found. This provided the basis for auditing the outcomes of running the model in comparative statics experiments. C1 TEMPLE UNIV,DEPT ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122. RP HALE, D (reprint author), US DOE,ENERGY INFORMAT ADM,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0024-3795 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 217 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0024-3795(94)00125-W PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA QQ323 UT WOS:A1995QQ32300012 ER PT J AU OSTRANDER, EA MAPA, FA YEE, M RINE, J AF OSTRANDER, EA MAPA, FA YEE, M RINE, J TI 101 NEW SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT-BASED MARKERS FOR THE CANINE GENOME SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID DINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT; POLYMORPHISMS AB One hundred and one new dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms specific for the canine genome have been identified and characterized. Screening of both primary libraries and marker-selected libraries enriched for simple sequence repeats led to the isolation of large numbers of genomic clones that contained (CA)(n) repeats. Over 200 of these clones were sequenced, and PCR primers that bracket the repeat were developed for those that contained ten or more continuous (CA)(n) units. This effort led to the production of 101 polymorphic markers, which were assigned to one of four categories depending on their degree of polymorphism. Fifty four markers were found to be highly or very highly polymorphic as they had four or more alleles when tested on a panel of unrelated dogs. This group of markers will be useful for following inheritance of traits in crosses between dogs. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME 74-157,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP OSTRANDER, EA (reprint author), FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,TRANSPLANTAT BIOL PROGRAM,M318,1124 COLUMBIA ST,SEATTLE,WA 98104, USA. OI Ostrander, Elaine/0000-0001-6075-9738 NR 17 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD MAR PY 1995 VL 6 IS 3 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1007/BF00293011 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QK083 UT WOS:A1995QK08300004 PM 7749226 ER PT J AU TSAI, LH AF TSAI, LH TI MIXED-MODEL SEQUENCING TO MINIMIZE UTILITY WORK AND THE RISK OF CONVEYOR STOPPAGE SO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PRODUCTION SCHEDULING ASSEMBLY LINES; INVENTORY PRODUCTION JUST IN TIME ID LINES AB This paper investigates the problem of sequencing N products on an assembly line with two objectives: minimizing (1) the risk of conveyor stoppage and (2) the total utility work. For a single station with arbitrary processing times, this problem is proved NP-hard in the strong sense for ach of the two objectives. For a single station with two product types, each of which has a constant processing time, a sequence minimizing both objectives can be found in O(log N) computation time. RP TSAI, LH (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MAIL STOP 50 B-3238,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 7 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 4 PU INST MANAGEMENT SCI PI PROVIDENCE PA 290 WESTMINISTER ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02903 SN 0025-1909 J9 MANAGE SCI JI Manage. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 41 IS 3 BP 485 EP 495 DI 10.1287/mnsc.41.3.485 PG 11 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA RN115 UT WOS:A1995RN11500008 ER PT J AU CAO, SQ BROOKS, CR ALLARD, L AF CAO, SQ BROOKS, CR ALLARD, L TI IN-SITU TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY STUDY OF ORDERING IN A SPLAT-COOLED NI-20 AT-PERCENT MO ALLOY SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID NI4MO AB Using transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure of splat-cooled (through hammer and anvil) Ni-20 at.% Mo specimens has been examined for the as-cooled condition and for heated samples. In the as-cooled condition, the structure consisted of columnar grains with a cell structure of about 0.2 mu m. The cooling rate was estimated to be about 10(6) K/s; but even for this rapid cooling, weak short-range order (SRO) was present. Specimens were step-heated in situ in the transmission electron microscope to a specific temperature, held for 5 minutes, cooled to 25 degrees C for observation, then reheated to a higher temperature, and the process repeated for increasingly higher temperatures. At 500 degrees C, the intensity of the SRO diffraction spots increased. At 665 degrees C, these SRO spots split into the long-range order (LRO) positions. At 765 degrees C, LRO was established with a fine (about 0.05 mu m) domain structure. As the heating temperature increased, the cell structure became weak and disappeared at about 765 degrees C. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, CTR MAT PROC, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-5803 EI 1873-4189 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 2 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/1044-5803(94)00053-N PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QU885 UT WOS:A1995QU88500004 ER PT J AU NORTHRUP, JE FROYEN, S AF NORTHRUP, JE FROYEN, S TI STRUCTURE AND THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY OF GAAS (001) SURFACES SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Critical Issues in Epitaxy/Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN 22-24, 1994 CL BOULDER, CO SP USN, OFF NAVAL RES DE SURFACE STRUCTURE; SURFACE ENERGY; GALLIUM ARSENIDE ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GROWN GAAS(001); RECONSTRUCTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; GAAS(100)-(2X4); STOICHIOMETRY; ENERGETICS; ENERGY; SI AB The surface energies for a set of structural models for the reconstructions occurring on GaAs(001) were calculated with the first principles pseudopotential method and the local density approximation. On the basis of these calculations we are able to rule out the single-dimer-vacancy model for the 2 x 4 surface as a possible equilibrium structure. In the As-rich limit we find the c(4 x 4) As ad-dimer model to be energetically favorable. As the Ga chemical potential increases the surface is predicted to transform into the beta 2(2 x 4) structure having two As dimers in the top layer and a third As dimer in the third layer. The alpha(2 x 4) structure, with two As dimers above a complete layer of Ga is found to be stable in a very narrow range. The beta(4 x 2) structure and the model recently proposed by Skala et al. for the (4 x 2) reconstruction were determined to be energetically unfavorable. In the Ga-rich limit the lowest energy structure we have obtained is the beta 2(4 x 2) model. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP NORTHRUP, JE (reprint author), XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,3333 COYOTE HILL RD,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2-3 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(94)09002-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QQ690 UT WOS:A1995QQ69000003 ER PT J AU FUOSS, PH KISKER, DW STEPHENSON, GB BRENNAN, S AF FUOSS, PH KISKER, DW STEPHENSON, GB BRENNAN, S TI IN-SITU X-RAY STUDIES OF ORGANOMETALLIC VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY GROWTH SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Critical Issues in Epitaxy/Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN 22-24, 1994 CL BOULDER, CO SP USN, OFF NAVAL RES DE X-RAY STUDIES; OMVPE; GALLIUM ARSENIDE; RHEED ID SCATTERING AB In this paper we present an overview of the use of X-ray measurements to determine the atomic mechanisms of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE). Detailed information about OMVPE processes has been difficult to obtain because of the high pressure, chemically reactive environment present during growth. X-ray scattering measurements using very intense synchrotron X-ray sources have been uniquely productive in determining the structure of surfaces during OMVPE growth. For example, surface smoothness, step ordering, growth modes, growth rates and surface reconstructions have been determined. In addition, X-ray spectroscopy measurements have revealed much about the complicated gas phase behavior in the OMVPE reactor. From these scattering and spectroscopy measurements, a more complete model of OMVPE growth is being developed. C1 IBM CORP,DIV RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP FUOSS, PH (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2-3 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(94)09004-1 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QQ690 UT WOS:A1995QQ69000005 ER PT J AU ZHANG, SB ZUNGER, A AF ZHANG, SB ZUNGER, A TI STRUCTURE AND FORMATION ENERGY OF STEPS ON THE GAAS(001)-2X4 SURFACE SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Critical Issues in Epitaxy/Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN 22-24, 1994 CL BOULDER, CO SP USN, OFF NAVAL RES DE SURFACE ENERGY; TOTAL BINDING ENERGY; SURFACE STRUCTURE; GALLIUM ARSENIDE ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ENERGETICS; GROWTH; GAAS AB The energies of various steps on the As-terminated GaAs(001)-2 x 4 surface are evaluated using a novel, approximate method of ''linear combination of structural motifs''. It is based on the observation that previous total energy minimizations of semiconductor surfaces produced invariably equilibrium structures made of the same recurring local structural motifs, e.g. tetrahedral fourfold Ga, pyramidal threefold As, etc. Furthermore, such surface structures were found to obey consistently the octet rules as applied to the local motifs. We thus express the total energy of a given semiconductor surface as a sum of (i) the energies {epsilon(M)} of the local structural motifs appearing in the surface under consideration and (ii) an electrostatic term representing the Madelung energy of point charges resulting from application of the octet rule. The motif energies are derived from a set of pseudopotential total energy calculations for flat GaAs(001) surfaces and for point defects in bulk GaAs. This set of parameters suffices to reproduce the energies of other (001) surfaces, calculated using the same pseudopotential total energy approach. Application to GaAs(001)-2 x 4 surfaces with steps reveals the following. (i) ''Primitive steps'', defined solely according to their geometries (i.e. step heights, widths and orientations) are often unstable. (ii) Additional, non-geometric factors beyond step geometries such as addition of surface adatoms, creation of vacancies and atomic rebonding al step edges are important to lower step energies. So is step-step interaction. (iii) The formation of steps is generally endothermic. (iv) The formation of steps with edges parallel to the direction of surface As dimers (A steps) is energetically favored over the formation of steps whose edges are perpendicular to the As dimers (B steps). RP ZHANG, SB (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2-3 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1016/0921-5107(94)09007-6 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA QQ690 UT WOS:A1995QQ69000008 ER PT J AU SHIMOMURA, Y MUKOUDA, I CHEN, QR DELARUBIA, TD AF SHIMOMURA, Y MUKOUDA, I CHEN, QR DELARUBIA, TD TI IMPURITY ATOMS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE VOID FORMATION IN QUENCHED PURE ALUMINUM SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM LA English DT Article DE ALUMINUM; QUENCHING; VOID; FAULTED LOOP; HYDROGEN; CARBON; VACANCY CLUSTER; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION AB To remove dissolved residual gas atoms, pure aluminum of 99.9995% nominal purity was melted on an alumina boat (specimen A) and a graphite boat (specimen B) in a high vacuum of 5 x 10(-6) Pa. Both of the specimens were rolled down to 0.1 mm thickness and quenched from a high temperature in helium gas. Only faulted loops were observed in the quenched specimen A while both faulted loops and voids were observed in the quenched specimen B. When the specimen A was quenched in hydrogen gas, a large number of voids were formed. The results suggest that both hydrogen and carbon atoms are responsible for the formation of voids in quenched aluminum. To confirm the role of carbon atom, specimen C was prepared by melting pure aluminum in a vacuum at first on an alumina boat and subsequently melted on a graphite boat. In the quenched specimen C, both faulted loops and voids were observed as much as those in the quenched specimen B. Atomistics of the formation of faulted loops and voids in aluminum studied by computer simulation is described. C1 HIROSHIMA UNIV,GRAD SCH ENGN,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SHIMOMURA, Y (reprint author), HIROSHIMA UNIV,FAC ENGN,1-4-1 KAGAMIYAMA,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU JAPAN INST METALS PI SENDAI PA AOBA ARAMAKI, SENDAI 980, JAPAN SN 0916-1821 J9 MATER T JIM JI Mater. Trans. JIM PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 3 BP 413 EP 419 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QV647 UT WOS:A1995QV64700004 ER PT J AU LENHART, S AF LENHART, S TI OPTIMAL-CONTROL OF A CONVECTIVE-DIFFUSIVE FLUID PROBLEM SO MATHEMATICAL MODELS & METHODS IN APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOIL AB We consider optimal control of a parabolic differential equation, modeling one-dimensional fluid flow through a soil-packed tube in which a contaminant is initially distributed. A fluid is pumped through the tube to remove the contaminant. The convective velocity due to the fluid pumping is the nonlinear control action. The goal is to minimize a performance criterion which is a combination of the total contaminant at the final time and the cost of the control. The optimal control is characterized by an optimality system. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MATH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP LENHART, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN PHYS & MATH,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2025 J9 MATH MOD METH APPL S JI Math. Models Meth. Appl. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 2 BP 225 EP 237 DI 10.1142/S0218202595000140 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QN074 UT WOS:A1995QN07400006 ER PT J AU EVANS, JF STABIN, MG STUBBS, JB AF EVANS, JF STABIN, MG STUBBS, JB TI SPECIFIC ABSORBED FRACTIONS OF ENERGY FROM INTERNAL PHOTON SOURCES IN BRAIN-TUMOR AND CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MONTE CARLO; SPECIFIC ABSORBED FRACTIONS; S-VALUES; BRAIN TUMOR C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,NUCL ENGN PROGRAM,COLUMBUS,OH. RP EVANS, JF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,CTR RADIAT INTERNAL DOSE INFORMAT,POB 117,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU FDA HHS [FDA 224-75-3016] NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 22 IS 3 BP 331 EP 340 DI 10.1118/1.597448 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QM870 UT WOS:A1995QM87000009 PM 7596323 ER PT J AU ALMAN, DE RAWERS, JC HAWK, JA AF ALMAN, DE RAWERS, JC HAWK, JA TI MICROSTRUCTURAL AND FAILURE CHARACTERISTICS OF METAL-INTERMETALLIC LAYERED SHEET COMPOSITES SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL POWDERS; MOSI2-BASE COMPOSITES; FABRICATION; STRENGTH; ALLOYS; FOILS AB A processing technique for the fabrication of layered metal-intermetallic composites is presented, in which a self-propagating, high-temperature synthesis reaction (SHS) was initiated at the interface between dissimilar elemental metal foils. The resultant composite microstructure consisted of a fully dense, well-bonded metal-intermetallic layered composite. In this United States Bureau of Mines study, metal (Fe, Ni, or Ti) foils were reacted with Al foils to produce metal-metal aluminide layered composites. Tensile tests conducted at room temperature revealed that composites could be designed to behave in a high-strength and high-toughness manner by altering the thicknesses of the starting elemental foils. Failure characteristics revealed that the processes that govern ductile vs brittle behavior of the composites occur early in the fracture. RP ALMAN, DE (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,DIV SCI MAT,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 29 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 26 IS 3 BP 589 EP 599 DI 10.1007/BF02663908 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QH155 UT WOS:A1995QH15500008 ER PT J AU WARD, CH THOMPSON, AW WILLIAMS, JC AF WARD, CH THOMPSON, AW WILLIAMS, JC TI ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE TENSILE BEHAVIOR OF TI-25AL-10NB-3V-1MO SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; TI-24AL-15NB ALLOY; FRACTURE; TRANSFORMATIONS; MECHANISMS; DUCTILITY AB The effects of microstructure and temperature on tensile and fracture behavior were explored for the titanium aluminide alloy Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo (atomic percent), Three microstructures were selected for study in an attempt to determine the role of the individual microstructural constituents in this alpha(2) + B2 alloy. Tensile testing of both round and flat specimens in vacuum indicated a change in deformation behavior from 25 degrees C to 450 degrees C. Observations suggested that this change in deformation behavior occurred within the alpha(2) phase. Failure initiation at 450 degrees C and above was by a ductile process and was associated with the B2 phase. Above 600 degrees C and at high strains, plastic deformation occurred predominantly in the B2 phase. Strain localization was observed above 600 degrees C and found to be due to the lower work-hardening rate of the B2 phase. Strain localization at slip band intersections with prior beta grain boundaries resulted in rapid strain accumulation in the B2 phase. Alignment of secondary alpha(2) laths with the tensile axis at high deformation levels appeared to inhibit shear band localization between voids due to a lack of participation of the alpha(2) phase in deformation. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. GE CO,AIRCRAFT ENGINES,ENGN MAT TECHNOL LABS,CINCINNATI,OH 45215. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP WARD, CH (reprint author), USAF,OFF SCI RES,BOLLING AFB,WASHINGTON,DC 20332, USA. OI Ward, Charles/0000-0002-5813-439X NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 26 IS 3 BP 703 EP 720 DI 10.1007/BF02663919 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QH155 UT WOS:A1995QH15500019 ER PT J AU SODEN, JM ANDERSON, RE AF SODEN, JM ANDERSON, RE TI IC FAILURE ANALYSIS - TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS FOR QUALITY AND RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT SO MICROELECTRONICS AND RELIABILITY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; RESOLUTION; POTENTIOMETRY AB Failure analysis is an important function for integrated circuit manufacturing. It provides information necessary for technology advancement and for corrective action to improve quality and reliability. In this article the role of failure analysis is discussed, common and new techniques and tools are reviewed, and opportunities for the future are considered. RP SODEN, JM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR ELECTR QUAL & RELIABIL,DEPT FAILURE ANAL 2275,MS 1081,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 91 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0026-2714 J9 MICROELECTRON RELIAB JI Microelectron. Reliab. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 3 BP 429 EP 453 DI 10.1016/0026-2714(95)93069-M PG 25 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QJ905 UT WOS:A1995QJ90500006 ER PT J AU FLEETWOOD, DM SHANEYFELT, MR WARREN, WL SCHWANK, JR MEISENHEIMER, TL WINOKUR, PS AF FLEETWOOD, DM SHANEYFELT, MR WARREN, WL SCHWANK, JR MEISENHEIMER, TL WINOKUR, PS TI BORDER TRAPS - ISSUES FOR MOS RADIATION RESPONSE AND LONG-TERM RELIABILITY SO MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR CAPACITORS; SPIN-DEPENDENT RECOMBINATION; INDUCED INTERFACE TRAPS; SILICON DIOXIDE; 1/F NOISE; POSITIVE CHARGE; N-CHANNEL; TRANSISTORS; DEVICES; STATES AB We have performed an extensive study of the effects of border traps (near-interfacial oxide traps that can communicate with the underlying si over a wide range of time scale) on the response of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices to ionizing radiation. Estimates of border-trap densities for several types of MOS devices are obtained by capacitance-voltage (C-V) hysteresis 1/integral noise, and combined C-V/thermally-stimulated-current methods. A new ''dual-transistor border-trap'' (DTBT) technique is described in detail which combines conventional threshold-voltage and 1-MHz charge-pumping measurements on n- and p- channel MOS transistors to estimate radiation-induced oxide-, interface-, and border-trap charge densities. Estimates of border-trap charge densities obtained via the DTBT technique agree well with trap densities inferred from other techniques. In some devices, border-trap charge densities (which can be greater than 10(12) cm(-2) following ionizing radiation exposure) can approach or exceed interface-trap charge densities, emphasizing the need to distinguish border-trap effects from interface-trap effects in models of MOS radiation response and long-term reliability. This appears to be especially critical for MOS devices with ultrathin (less than similar to 6 nm) oxides, in which border traps and interface traps likely will be the dominant defect types. Effects of border traps on MOS scattering rates, cryogenic applications, and long-term reliability assessment are also discussed. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT 1332, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 83 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0026-2714 J9 MICROELECTRON RELIAB JI Microelectron. Reliab. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 3 BP 403 EP 428 DI 10.1016/0026-2714(95)93068-L PG 26 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA QJ905 UT WOS:A1995QJ90500005 ER PT J AU CHEN, LM BARR, TL KRAUSS, AR LIU, YL GRUEN, D YEN, A AF CHEN, LM BARR, TL KRAUSS, AR LIU, YL GRUEN, D YEN, A TI X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF THE FERMI-EDGE AND OXYGEN STABILITY OF 1-2-3-SUPERCONDUCTING SYSTEMS SO MICROPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; FERMI EDGE; 1-2-3 SUPERCONDUCTORS; OXYGEN STABILITY; HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; OXIDES ID ESCA; CU; SURFACE; OXIDES AB X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) has been employed to investigate the compositional behavior of YBa2Cu3Ox (6.32.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QK744 UT WOS:A1995QK74400012 ER PT J AU URIE, MC AF URIE, MC TI SHARE AND SHARE ALIKE - NATURAL-RESOURCES AND HAZARDOUS-WASTE UNDER THE COMMERCE CLAUSE SO NATURAL RESOURCES JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This article is a practical analytical guide to the historical influence of the Commerce Clause on various attempts by States to tax, prohibit or otherwise regulate the interstate transportation of natural resources and hazardous waste. The article reviews and analyzes the seminal Commerce Clause cases decided by the United States Supreme Court relating to the transportation of certain natural resources across state lines, involving attempts by States to either preserve natural resources for the use, benefit, or financial advantage of their citizens or to impede the use of such resources for what may be viewed as an undesirable purpose. RP URIE, MC (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20545, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA SCHOOL OF LAW 1117 STANFORD N E, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 SN 0028-0739 J9 NAT RESOUR J JI Nat. Resour. J. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 309 EP 380 PG 72 WC Environmental Studies; Law SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA RN532 UT WOS:A1995RN53200004 ER PT J AU HILLESTAD, R OWEN, J BLUMENTHAL, D AF HILLESTAD, R OWEN, J BLUMENTHAL, D TI EXPERIMENTS IN VARIABLE RESOLUTION COMBAT MODELING SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article AB This article examines the differences in combat outcomes predicted by models of different resolution applied to identical combat situations. First, hypothetical combat situations are posed; then several models of varying degrees of resolution in the spatial representation, aggregation of forces, and time step are used to predict losses and battle winners. Both stochastic and deterministic simulations are used. The comparisons of outcomes provide important insights into the problems of aggregation. Some observations from this set of experiments are that intuition regarding outcomes, causes, and effects are frequently wrong, leading to bad approximations in the aggregate. Scaling for different levels of resolution is possible, but a method of predicting the appropriate scaling technique and factors in advance has not been found. The differences in outcomes between stochastic and deterministic models are most pronounced in the ''fair fight'' regime in which the force balance (accounting for situational factors) is nearly even. Because defense analysis frequently operates in this regime (getting ''just enough'' force to a theater or because constrained defense budget allocations may not permit overwhelming odds) this result implies that great care should be taken to understand the possible variance in outcomes. (C) 1995 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP HILLESTAD, R (reprint author), RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0894-069X J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 42 IS 2 BP 209 EP 232 DI 10.1002/1520-6750(199503)42:2<209::AID-NAV3220420206>3.0.CO;2-M PG 24 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA QH845 UT WOS:A1995QH84500004 ER PT J AU MANDL, W BURRELL, KH GROEBNER, RJ KIM, J SERAYDARIAN, RP WADE, MR SCOVILLE, JT AF MANDL, W BURRELL, KH GROEBNER, RJ KIM, J SERAYDARIAN, RP WADE, MR SCOVILLE, JT TI INVESTIGATION INTO ION EDGE TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR USING CER SPECTROSCOPY AT DIID-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; OPERATION; ROTATION; TOKAMAKS; JET AB Measurements with high spatial resolution in the neighbourhood of the separatrix show edge ion temperatures in the 1-2 keV range, exceeding the electron temperature substantially, in neutral beam heated H mode discharges on DIII-D. Charge exchange recombination (CER) spectroscopy on light ions such as He2+ and C6+ is used to measure ion temperature, ion density and poloidal and toroidal plasma rotation profiles. Near the separatrix the spatial resolution of the measurements is a few millimetres. The scale length for the edge ion temperature gradient is found to be about one third of the poloidal gyroradius, i.e. a factor of 2 to 3 longer than the neoclassical scale length. The electron temperatures at the plasma edge are substantially (similar or equal to 1 keV) lower than the ion temperatures. Outside the separatrix, T-i is also found to be higher than T-e. We investigate the power balance globally and locally at the plasma edge. It is found that the high heat transfer from the ions to the electrons, just inside the separatrix, can be balanced by local ion heating due to neutral beam absorption. C1 EURATOM,MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,GARCHING,GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP MANDL, W (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138, USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 3 BP 347 EP 357 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/3/I08 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QU680 UT WOS:A1995QU68000008 ER PT J AU HONIG, A FAN, Q WEI, X SANDORFI, AM WHISNANT, CS AF HONIG, A FAN, Q WEI, X SANDORFI, AM WHISNANT, CS TI NEW INVESTIGATIONS OF POLARIZED SOLID HD TARGETS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Polarized Target Materials and Techniques CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL UNIV BONN, PHYS INST, BAD HONNEF, GERMANY SP INT ADV COMM SYMP HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYS, BALZERS HOCHVAKUUM GMBH, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS SCI RES DIV HO UNIV BONN, PHYS INST ID FUSION AB Polarized solid HD targets in a frozen-spin mode, with superior nuclear physics characteristics and simple operational configurations, have previously been restricted in their deployment due to a disproportionate target production time with respect to utilization time. Recent investigations have yielded frozen-spin polarization lifetimes, at a convenient target temperature of 1.5 K, of nearly a year for both H and D at high holding fields, and of more than a week at sub-Tesla holding fields. These results, taken together with the advent of new interesting spin-physics using relatively weakly ionizing beams, such as polarized photon beams, remove the above impediment and open up the use of polarized solid HD to long duration nuclear spin-physics experiments. Large, multiple targets can be produced, retrieved from the polarization-production apparatus with a cold-transport (4 K) device, stored for very long times in inexpensive (1.5 K, 7 T) cryostats, and introduced ''off-the-shelf'' into in-beam cryostats via the portable cold-transport apparatus. Various modes for achieving polarized H and/or D, as well as already achieved and expected polarization values, are reported. Experimental results are given on Kapitza resistance between the solid HD and the cooling wires necessary to obtain low temperatures during the heat-evolving polarization process. 15 mK is achievable using gold-plated aluminum wires, which constitute 15% extraneous nucleons over the number of polarizable H or D nucleons. Application to more highly ionizing beams is also given consideration. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,LEGS PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. RP HONIG, A (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01441-8 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QK350 UT WOS:A1995QK35000009 ER PT J AU LEHAR, F ADIASEVICH, B ANDROSOV, VP ANGELOV, N ANISCHENKO, N ANTONENKO, V BALL, J BARYSHEVSKY, VG BAZHANOV, NA BELYAEV, AA BENDA, B BODYAGIN, V BORISOV, N BORZUNOV, Y BRADAMANTE, F BUNYATOVA, E BURINOV, V CHERNYKH, E COMBET, M DATSKOV, A DURAND, G DZYUBAK, AP FONTAINE, JM GETMAN, VA GIORGI, M GOLOVANOV, L GREBENYUK, V GROSNICK, D GUREVICH, G HASEGAWA, T HILL, D HORIKAWA, N IGO, G JANOUT, Z KALINNIKOV, VA KARNAUKHOV, IM KASPRZYK, T KHACHATUROV, BA KIRILLOV, A KISSELEV, Y KOUSMINE, ES KOVALENKO, A KOVALJOV, AI LADYGIN, VP LAZAREV, A LECONTE, P DELESQUEN, A LUKHANIN, AA MANGO, S MARTIN, A MATAFONOV, VN MATYUSHEVSKY, E MIRONOV, S NEGANOV, AB NEGANOV, BS NOMOFILOV, A PERELYGIN, V PLIS, Y PILIPENKO, Y PISAREV, IL PISKUNOV, N POLUNIN, Y POPKOV, YP PROPOV, AA PROKOFIEV, AN REKALO, MP RUKOYATKIN, P SANS, JL SAPOZHNIKOV, MG SHAROV, V SHILOV, S SHISHOV, Y SITNIK, IM SOROKIN, PV SPINKA, H SPOROV, EA STRUNOV, LN SVETOV, A DESWART, JJ TELEGIN, YP TOLMASHOV, I TRENTALANGE, S TSVINEV, A USOV, YA VIKHROV, VV WHITTEN, CA ZAPOROZHETS, S ZARUBIN, A ZHDANOV, AA ZOLIN, L AF LEHAR, F ADIASEVICH, B ANDROSOV, VP ANGELOV, N ANISCHENKO, N ANTONENKO, V BALL, J BARYSHEVSKY, VG BAZHANOV, NA BELYAEV, AA BENDA, B BODYAGIN, V BORISOV, N BORZUNOV, Y BRADAMANTE, F BUNYATOVA, E BURINOV, V CHERNYKH, E COMBET, M DATSKOV, A DURAND, G DZYUBAK, AP FONTAINE, JM GETMAN, VA GIORGI, M GOLOVANOV, L GREBENYUK, V GROSNICK, D GUREVICH, G HASEGAWA, T HILL, D HORIKAWA, N IGO, G JANOUT, Z KALINNIKOV, VA KARNAUKHOV, IM KASPRZYK, T KHACHATUROV, BA KIRILLOV, A KISSELEV, Y KOUSMINE, ES KOVALENKO, A KOVALJOV, AI LADYGIN, VP LAZAREV, A LECONTE, P DELESQUEN, A LUKHANIN, AA MANGO, S MARTIN, A MATAFONOV, VN MATYUSHEVSKY, E MIRONOV, S NEGANOV, AB NEGANOV, BS NOMOFILOV, A PERELYGIN, V PLIS, Y PILIPENKO, Y PISAREV, IL PISKUNOV, N POLUNIN, Y POPKOV, YP PROPOV, AA PROKOFIEV, AN REKALO, MP RUKOYATKIN, P SANS, JL SAPOZHNIKOV, MG SHAROV, V SHILOV, S SHISHOV, Y SITNIK, IM SOROKIN, PV SPINKA, H SPOROV, EA STRUNOV, LN SVETOV, A DESWART, JJ TELEGIN, YP TOLMASHOV, I TRENTALANGE, S TSVINEV, A USOV, YA VIKHROV, VV WHITTEN, CA ZAPOROZHETS, S ZARUBIN, A ZHDANOV, AA ZOLIN, L TI THE MOVABLE POLARIZED TARGET AS A BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-ENERGY SPIN PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS AT THE JINR-DUBNA ACCELERATOR COMPLEX SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Polarized Target Materials and Techniques CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL UNIV BONN, PHYS INST, BAD HONNEF, GERMANY SP INT ADV COMM SYMP HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYS, BALZERS HOCHVAKUUM GMBH, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS SCI RES DIV HO UNIV BONN, PHYS INST AB A movable polarized proton target is planned to be installed in polarized beams of the Synchrophasotron-Nuclotron complex in order to carry out a spin physics experimental program at Dubna. The project is described and the first proposed experiments are discussed. C1 IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. KHARKOV PHYS & TECHNOL INST,KHARKOV 310108,UKRAINE. JOINT INST NUCL RES,NUCL PROBLEMS LAB,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. JOINT INST NUCL RES,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. IN2P3,CNRS,LAB NATL SATURNE,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. CENS,CEA,DSM,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. BYELARUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST PHYS,MINSK 220602,BYELARUS. PETERBURG NUCL PHYS INST,DEPT PHYS,GATCHINA 188350,RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,FAC PHYS,MOSCOW 117234,RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DEPT PHYS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,HEP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 117312,RUSSIA. MIYAZAKI UNIV,FAC ENGN,DEPT APPL PHYS,MIYAZAKI 88921,JAPAN. NAGOYA UNIV,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CZECH TECH UNIV,FAC NUCL SCI & PHYS ENGN,CR-11519 PRAGUE 1,CZECH REPUBLIC. JOINT INST NUCL RES,PARTICLE PHYS LAB,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. UNIV NIJMEGEN,INST THEORET PHYS,6526 ED NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. RP LEHAR, F (reprint author), CENS,CEA,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RI Martin, Anna/I-9381-2012; Grebenyuk, Victor/J-8383-2014 OI Martin, Anna/0000-0002-1333-0143; NR 5 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 58 EP 61 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01445-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QK350 UT WOS:A1995QK35000013 ER PT J AU RIGNEY, M BREUER, M BUHLER, S COMMEAUX, C DIDELEZ, JP HOFFMANNROTHE, P HONIG, A SANDORFI, A SCHAERF, C SKOWRON, R VELLARD, N WHISNANT, S AF RIGNEY, M BREUER, M BUHLER, S COMMEAUX, C DIDELEZ, JP HOFFMANNROTHE, P HONIG, A SANDORFI, A SCHAERF, C SKOWRON, R VELLARD, N WHISNANT, S TI SOLID HD POLARIZED TARGET - CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF TRANSPORT AND IN-BEAM CRYOSTAT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Polarized Target Materials and Techniques CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL UNIV BONN, PHYS INST, BAD HONNEF, GERMANY SP INT ADV COMM SYMP HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYS, BALZERS HOCHVAKUUM GMBH, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS SCI RES DIV HO UNIV BONN, PHYS INST AB A description of a cold transport/retrieval Dewar for the removal and insertion of a polarized solid HD target is given. The procedure for removing such a target from the production dilution refrigerator, storing the target for long periods of time until needed, inserting it into the in-beam cryostat, and finally disengaging it will be discussed. This apparatus considerably reduces the complexity of the in-beam cryostat at both the legs and GRAAI. Compton Laser Backscattering facilities, where the new HD polarized target will have its first use. C1 SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SYRACUSE,NY 13210. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,ROME,ITALY. INFN,ROME,ITALY. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP RIGNEY, M (reprint author), INST PHYS NUCL,BP 1,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 116 EP 119 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01458-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QK350 UT WOS:A1995QK35000026 ER PT J AU DELHEIJ, PPJ BOWMAN, JD FRANKLE, CM HAASE, DG LANGSTON, T MORTENSEN, R PENTTILA, S POSTMA, H SEESTROM, SJ YEN, YF AF DELHEIJ, PPJ BOWMAN, JD FRANKLE, CM HAASE, DG LANGSTON, T MORTENSEN, R PENTTILA, S POSTMA, H SEESTROM, SJ YEN, YF TI THE TRIPLE SPIN FILTER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Polarized Target Materials and Techniques CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL UNIV BONN, PHYS INST, BAD HONNEF, GERMANY SP INT ADV COMM SYMP HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYS, BALZERS HOCHVAKUUM GMBH, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS SCI RES DIV HO UNIV BONN, PHYS INST AB A new dynamically polarized proton target at LANL polarizes an epithermal neutron beam in the energy range from 0.1 eV to 50 keV. In a He-4 bath at a temperature of 1.1 K, irradiation doped ammonia is polarized longitudinally in a magnetic field of 5 T. The sample has a diameter of 80 mm and is 13 mm thick. The typical proton polarization is 0.85 giving a neutron polarization of 0.75. With the polarized neutron beam parity violation has been studied in many samples with a high degree of sensitivity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695. DELFT UNIV TECHNOL,DELFT,NETHERLANDS. RP DELHEIJ, PPJ (reprint author), UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,TRIUMF,4004 WESBROOK MALL,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 2A3,CANADA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 120 EP 121 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01459-0 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QK350 UT WOS:A1995QK35000027 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JR THOMPSON, AK CHUPP, TE SMITH, TB CATES, GD DRIEHUYS, B MIDDLETON, H NEWBURY, NR HUGHES, EW MEYER, W AF JOHNSON, JR THOMPSON, AK CHUPP, TE SMITH, TB CATES, GD DRIEHUYS, B MIDDLETON, H NEWBURY, NR HUGHES, EW MEYER, W TI THE SLAC HIGH-DENSITY GASEOUS POLARIZED HE-3 TARGET SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Polarized Target Materials and Techniques CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL UNIV BONN, PHYS INST, BAD HONNEF, GERMANY SP INT ADV COMM SYMP HIGH ENERGY SPIN PHYS, BALZERS HOCHVAKUUM GMBH, OXFORD INSTRUMENTS SCI RES DIV HO UNIV BONN, PHYS INST ID SPIN EXCHANGE; SCATTERING; GAS AB A large-scale high-pressure gaseous He-3 polarized target has been developed for use with a high-intensity polarized electron beam at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. This target was used successfully in an experiment to study the spin structure of the neutron. The target provided an areal density of about 7X10(21) nuclei/cm(2) and operated at He-3 polarizations between about 30% and 40% for the six-week duration of the experiment. C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV MICHIGAN,RANDALL LAB PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. PRINCETON UNIV,JOSEPH HENRY LABS PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV BONN,W-5300 BONN,GERMANY. RP JOHNSON, JR (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,1150 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01465-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QK350 UT WOS:A1995QK35000033 ER PT J AU CURRENT, MI LUKASZEK, W VELLA, MC TRIPSAS, NH AF CURRENT, MI LUKASZEK, W VELLA, MC TRIPSAS, NH TI SURFACE-CHARGE CONTROL DURING HIGH-CURRENT ION-IMPLANTATION - CHARACTERIZATION WITH CHARM-2 SENSORS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID WAFER AB Studies of the charging effects during implantation with 9200 and 9500 tools using EEPROM-based sensors, CHARM-2, are reported for 60 keV As beams. C1 WAFER CHARGING MONITORS,WOODSIDE,CA 94062. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ADV MICRO DEVICES INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94088. RP CURRENT, MI (reprint author), APPL MAT INC,DIV IMPLANT,AUSTIN,TX 78759, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 34 EP 38 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00449-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200008 ER PT J AU EROKHIN, YN RAVI, J WHITE, CW ROZGONYI, GA AF EROKHIN, YN RAVI, J WHITE, CW ROZGONYI, GA TI RECOMBINATION-ENHANCED SUPPRESSION OF DEEP TRAP ACCUMULATION IN SILICON DURING HE+ ION-IMPLANTATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID IRRADIATED SILICON AB The influence of in situ forward bias on the accumulation of defect complexes in p(+)-n diodes during 75 keV He+ ion implantation has been investigated. Deep level transient spectrometry was used to characterize the concentration, spatial distribution and energy levels of implantation induced deep traps. It was found that in situ forward bias with a current density of 2 A/cm(2) causes more than an order of magnitude suppression of deep trap accumulation. This is attributed to recombination enhanced migration of mobile constituents prior to defect complex formation. A new major electron deep trap located at E(c) - 0.55 eV [1] was investigated. Its annealing kinetics, charge carrier capture cross section, and spatial distribution with respect to previously known deep traps are presented. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP EROKHIN, YN (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,RAYLEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00487-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200041 ER PT J AU JASPER, C MORTON, R LAU, SS HAYNES, TE GARCIA, R MAYER, JW AF JASPER, C MORTON, R LAU, SS HAYNES, TE GARCIA, R MAYER, JW TI INVERSION OF DOSE-RATE EFFECTS IN ION-IMPLANTED GALLIUM-ARSENIDE IN THE LOW-DOSE REGIME SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID DEPENDENT ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION; SILICON; DAMAGE; GAAS AB Control of threshold voltage during gallium arsenide (GaAs) Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MESFET) processing is critical. Variation in the dose rate during ion implantation has previously been demonstrated to affect sheet resistance and peak damage fraction for doses of 5 x 10(13) ions/cm(2) and higher. In this high dose regime, sheet resistance and damage increase as the dose rate increases. This paper describes dose rate effects in the low dose regime, where traditional channel implants are done, i.e., for Si-29(+) in the low 10(12) ions/cm(2) range. Si-29(+) was implanted at 3 X 10(12) ions/cm(2) followed by a co-implant of Be-9(+) at 1 X 10(12) ions/cm(2) into GaAs substrates. The silicon dose rate was varied from 3 nA/cm(2) to 44 nA/cm(2). The FET channel resistance varied by 4.0%, and was a direct function of the implanted beam current. Sheet resistance decreased as the beam current increased, which is in sharp contrast to results previously published for the high dose regime. Damage has been characterized and correlated to the electrical properties in the low dose regime. The results are compared to those for the high dose regime in order to more clearly define the differences associated with the inversion of the dose rate dependence between the low dose and high dose regimes. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM BIO & MAT ENGN,TEMPE,AZ 85284. RP JASPER, C (reprint author), MOTOROLA INC,COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR 1,TEMPE,AZ 85284, USA. RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 294 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00503-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200057 ER PT J AU CLAVERIE, A FUJIOKA, H LAANAB, L LILIENTALWEBER, Z WEBER, ER AF CLAVERIE, A FUJIOKA, H LAANAB, L LILIENTALWEBER, Z WEBER, ER TI SYNTHESIS OF SEMIINSULATING GAAS BY AS IMPLANTATION AND THERMAL ANNEALING - STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LOW-TEMPERATURE; LAYERS AB High dose As implantation in GaAs followed by annealing at 600 degrees C results in the formation of semi-insulating GaAs layers. These layers are relaxed with a homogeneous distribution of metallic As precipitates similarly to what is observed in GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy at about 200 degrees C (LT-MBE-GaAs), after annealing at 600 degrees C. By selecting the implantation parameters it is possible to adjust the thickness of the subsequent SI layer and to monitor the amount of excess As in the crystal. By selecting the annealing temperature it is possible to fabricate either a material very similar to the as-grown LT-MBE-GaAs or a material similar to annealed LT-MBE-GaAs. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MSD,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CLAVERIE, A (reprint author), CNRS,LOE,CEMES,BP 4347,F-31055 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 327 EP 330 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00511-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200065 ER PT J AU MALTEZ, RL BEHAR, M AMARAL, L FICHTNER, PFP LIN, XW AF MALTEZ, RL BEHAR, M AMARAL, L FICHTNER, PFP LIN, XW TI DEPTH, PHASE AND COARSENING EVOLUTION OF FESI2 PRECIPITATES UPON THERMAL ANNEALING SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID GROWTH AB gamma-FeSi2 precipitates were produced in Si(001) wafers by an ion beam induced epitaxial crystallization process and subsequently annealed at temperatures in the range 700-900 degrees C. The resulting Fe redistribution, phase transition and precipitate coarsening were studied using Rutherford backscattering, channeling and transmission electron microscopy techniques. It is shown that a gamma to beta phase transition starts at 700 degrees C and it almost completed at 900 degrees C. This is accompanied by an Fe redistribution and a coarsening process. The extracted activation energy for the coarsening process Q = 3.5 +/- 0.3 eV is in excellent agreement with theoretical estimations assuming Ostwald ripening process. C1 UNIV FED RIO GRANDE SUL,ESCOLA ENGN,BR-90035190 PORTO ALEGRE,RS,BRAZIL. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MALTEZ, RL (reprint author), UNIV FED RIO GRANDE SUL,INST FIS,BR-91501970 PORTO ALEGRE,RS,BRAZIL. RI Maltez, Rogerio/K-1173-2016; Fichtner, Paulo/F-4243-2010 OI Maltez, Rogerio/0000-0002-8653-6118; Fichtner, Paulo/0000-0003-4574-2262 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 366 EP 369 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00520-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200074 ER PT J AU WOOD, BP HENINS, I REASS, WA REJ, DJ DAVIS, HA WAGANAAR, WJ MUENCHAUSEN, RE JOHNSTON, GP SCHMIDT, HK AF WOOD, BP HENINS, I REASS, WA REJ, DJ DAVIS, HA WAGANAAR, WJ MUENCHAUSEN, RE JOHNSTON, GP SCHMIDT, HK TI LARGE-SCALE IMPLANTATION AND DEPOSITION RESEARCH AT LOS-ALAMOS-NATIONAL-LABORATORY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology CY JUN 13-17, 1994 CL CATANIA, ITALY SP CATANIA UNIV, PHYS DEPT, CORIMME ID SOURCE ION-IMPLANTATION; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; LIGHT-ION; BEAM IRRADIATION; SURFACE; INTENSE AB This paper provides a review of research performed at two novel, large-scale ion implantation and deposition facilities developed within the High Energy-Density Physics Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory: the Plasma Source Ion Implantation (PSII) facility, where large-area (several m(2)) workpieces are being implanted with nitrogen and carbon for tribological applications using a 100 kV, 60 A pulse modulator, and the High Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam (HIPIB) facility, where high-temperature superconductor and diamond-like carbon films are being deposited from substrate material evaporated with a 300 keV, 30 kA ion beam capable of energy fluences of 30 kJ/cm(2) per pulse over an area of 25 cm(2) C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SI DIAMOND INC,HOUSTON,TX 77098. RP WOOD, BP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1995 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 429 EP 434 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00534-6 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA QM882 UT WOS:A1995QM88200088 ER PT J AU MARCIANO, WJ AF MARCIANO, WJ TI TAU-PHYSICS 1994 - A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 19-22, 1994 CL MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND ID RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; DECAYS; LEPTON C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 37 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 40 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0920-5632(95)00126-T PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP390 UT WOS:A1995QP39000002 ER PT J AU HASEGAWA, Y AF HASEGAWA, Y TI A SEARCH FOR JET HANDEDNESS IN HADRONIC Z(0) DECAYS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) 94 Workshop CY JUL 07-13, 1994 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP IN2P3, UNIV MONTPELLIER II, SOROS FDN, REG LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, DIST MONTPELLIER, MAIRIE MONTPELLIER ID POLARIZATION; QUARK AB We have searched for signatures of polarization of partons in hadronic jets from Z(0) --> q (q) over bar decays using the 'jet handedness' method. We find no evidence for jet handedness in a sample of light quark jets. We set an upper limit of 9.1% on magnitude of the analyzing power of this technique at the 95% C.L. We have studied an alternative definition of jet handedness and found no signal. C1 TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 39BC BP 121 EP 123 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP389 UT WOS:A1995QP38900024 ER PT J AU MARKIEWICZ, TW AF MARKIEWICZ, TW TI A TEST OF THE FLAVOR INDEPENDENCE OF STRONG-INTERACTIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) 94 Workshop CY JUL 07-13, 1994 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP IN2P3, UNIV MONTPELLIER II, SOROS FDN, REG LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, DIST MONTPELLIER, MAIRIE MONTPELLIER ID E+E ANNIHILATION; MESONS; JETS AB We present a comparison of the strong couplings of b, c, and light (u, d, and s) quarks derived from multi-jet rates in flavor-tagged samples of hadronic Z(0) decays recorded with the SLC Large Detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. By comparing the rates of 3-jet events in these three samples we have extracted the Preliminary values of: a(s)(uds)/a(s)(all) = 0.96+/-0.03(stat.)+/-0.04(syst.)+/-0.02(theory), a(s)(c)/a(s)(all) = 1.16+/-0.11(stat.)+/-0.10(syst.)+/-0.07(theory), a(s)(b)/a(s)(all) = 0.98+/-0.04(stat.)+/-0.08(syst.)+/-0.02(theory). C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 39BC BP 141 EP 145 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP389 UT WOS:A1995QP38900030 ER PT J AU BERN, Z DIXON, L DUNBAR, DC KOSOWER, DA AF BERN, Z DIXON, L DUNBAR, DC KOSOWER, DA TI RECENT PROGRESS IN ONE-LOOP MULTI-PARTON CALCULATIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) 94 Workshop CY JUL 07-13, 1994 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP IN2P3, UNIV MONTPELLIER II, SOROS FDN, REG LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, DIST MONTPELLIER, MAIRIE MONTPELLIER ID JET CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; BACKGROUND FIELD METHOD; GAUGE-THEORIES; QCD AMPLITUDES; BREMSSTRAHLUNG AB We describe techniques that simplify the calculation of one-loop QCD amplitudes with many external legs, which are needed for next-to-leading-order (NLO) corrections to multi-jet processes. The constraints imposed by perturbative unitarity, collinear singularities and a supersymmetry-inspired organization of helicity amplitudes are particularly useful. Certain sequences of one-loop helicity amplitudes may be obtained for an arbitrary number of external gluons using these techniques. We also report on progress in completing the set of one-loop helicity amplitudes required for NLO three-jet production at hadron colliders, namely the amplitudes with two external quarks and three gluons. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV COLL SWANSEA,SWANSEA,W GLAM,WALES. CENS,SERV PHYS THEOR,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OI dunbar, david/0000-0003-2433-1675 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 39BC BP 146 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0920-5632(95)00060-M PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP389 UT WOS:A1995QP38900031 ER PT J AU LU, HJ BRODSKY, SJ AF LU, HJ BRODSKY, SJ TI COMMENSURATE SCALE RELATIONS IN QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) 94 Workshop CY JUL 07-13, 1994 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP IN2P3, UNIV MONTPELLIER II, SOROS FDN, REG LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, DIST MONTPELLIER, MAIRIE MONTPELLIER ID PERTURBATIVE APPROACH; FIELD-THEORIES; QCD AB We use, the BLM method to directly relate perturbatively calculable QCD observables. The commensurate scale relations connecting the effective charges for observables A and B have the farm alpha(A)(Q(A)) = alpha(B)(Q(B)) (1 + r(A/B)alpha(B)/pi +...), where the coefficient r(A/B) is independent of the number of flavors f contributing to coupling constant renormalization. The generalization of the BLM procedure to higher order assigns a different renormalization scale for each order in the perturbative series. The coefficients in the commensurate scale relation can be identified with those obtained in conformally-invariant gauge theory. The application of this procedure to perturbatively-calculable physical observables in QCD gives rather simple results. For example, the relation between the annihilation ratio R(e+e-) and the polarized Bjorken sum rule is given by <(alpha)over cap>(g1)(Q) = <(alpha)over cap>R(Q*) - <(alpha)over cap>(2)(R)(Q**) + <(alpha)over cap>(3)(R)(Q***), where <(alpha)over cap> = (3C(F)/4 pi)alpha. This relation provides the generalization of the Crewther relation to non-conformally invariant gauge theory. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 39BC BP 309 EP 311 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP389 UT WOS:A1995QP38900064 ER PT J AU PERYSHKIN, AN AF PERYSHKIN, AN TI THE SEARCH FOR THE TOP-QUARK AT DO SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) 94 Workshop CY JUL 07-13, 1994 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP IN2P3, UNIV MONTPELLIER II, SOROS FDN, REG LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, DIST MONTPELLIER, MAIRIE MONTPELLIER ID COLLISIONS AB The results of a search for the top quark taken from 15 pb(-1) of data accumulated by the D empty set experiment st the Tevatron are presented. No conclusive evidence for top is found. An upper limit on value of the t (t) over bar cross section is measured to be 12.6 pb with 95% CL. The lower limit to the top mass established above 131 GeV assuming standard model decays. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 39BC BP 353 EP 355 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP389 UT WOS:A1995QP38900071 ER PT J AU SCHUMM, BA AF SCHUMM, BA TI PRECISE MEASUREMENT OF THE LEFT-RIGHT CROSS-SECTION ASYMMETRY IN Z-BOSON PRODUCTION BY E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 19-22, 1994 CL MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND AB We present a precise measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry (A(LR)) for Z boson production by e(+)e(-) collisions. The measurement was performed at a center-of-mass energy of 91.26 GeV with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). The luminosity-weighted average polarization of the SLC electron beam was (63.0+/-1.1)%. Using a sample of 49,392 Z decays, we measure A(LR) to be 0.1628+/-0.0071(stat.)+/-0.0028(syst.) which determines the effective weak mixing angle to be sin(2) theta(W)(eff) = 0.2292+/-0.0009(stat.)+/-0.0004(syst.). C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 40 BP 497 EP 503 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP390 UT WOS:A1995QP39000050 ER PT J AU PERL, ML AF PERL, ML TI TAU-PHYSICS AT FUTURE FACILITIES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 19-22, 1994 CL MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; LEPTON; DECAYS; MOMENTS; SEARCH AB This paper discusses and projects the tau research which may be carried out at CESR, at BEPC, at the SLC, in the next few years at LEP I, at the asymmetric B-factories under construction in Japan and the United States and, if built, a tau-charm factory. As the size of tan data sets increases, there is an increasing need to reduce the effects of systematic errors on the precision and search range of experiments. In most areas of tau physics there is a large amount of progress to be made, but in a few areas it will be difficult to substantially improve the precision of present measurements. C1 STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 40 BP 541 EP 555 DI 10.1016/0920-5632(95)00178-C PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP390 UT WOS:A1995QP39000054 ER PT J AU GYUK, G TURNER, MS AF GYUK, G TURNER, MS TI MEV TAU-NEUTRINO - ASTROPHYSICAL AND COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS AND MISCHIEF SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 19-22, 1994 CL MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND ID COLD DARK-MATTER; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; RADIATIVE DECAY; DIRAC NEUTRINOS; SN-1987A; UNIVERSE; LIMITS; MASS; HOT AB Terrestrial and ''Heavenly'' experiments severely constrain the mass and lifetime of an MeV tau neutrino. Irrespective of decay mode, for tau(nu), greater than or similar to 300 sec the mass must be less than 0.4 MeV (Majorana), 15 keV (Dirac). If the dominant decay mode includes electromagnetic daughter products, the mass must be less than 0.4 MeV (Majorana or Dirac) provided tau(nu) greater than or similar to 2.5 x 10(-12) sec, 15 keV (Dirac) provided tau(nu) greater than or similar to 10(-6) sec(m(nu)/MeV). A tau neutrino of mass between 1 MeV and 30 MeV can have a host of interesting astrophysical and cosmological consequences: relaxing the big-bang nucleosynthesis bound to the baryon density and the number of neutrino species, allowing big-bang nucleosynthesis to accommodate a low (less than 22%) He-4 mass fraction or high (greater than 10(-4)) deuterium abundance, improving significantly the agreement between the cold dark matter theory of structure formation and observations, and helping to explain how type II supernovae explode. Exploring the MeV mass range not only probes fundamental particle physics, but also interesting astrophysical and cosmological scenarios. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, NASA, FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT PHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 1995 SU 40 BP 557 EP 567 DI 10.1016/0920-5632(95)00179-D PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QP390 UT WOS:A1995QP39000055 ER PT J AU MCELHANEY, KL AF MCELHANEY, KL TI CHECK VALVE PERFORMANCE IN THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY SO NUCLEAR PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP MCELHANEY, KL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EQES INC PI GLEN ELLYN PA 799 ROOSEVELT RD, BUILDING 6, STE 208, GLEN ELLYN, IL 60137-5925 SN 0892-2055 J9 NUCL PLANT J JI Nucl. Plant J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 15 EP & PG 0 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA QU674 UT WOS:A1995QU67400001 ER PT J AU LIU, HB AF LIU, HB TI DESIGN OF NEUTRON BEAMS FOR NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY USING A 300-KW SLAB TRIGA REACTOR SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY; SLAB REACTOR; TRIGA AB A design for a slab reactor to produce an epithermal neutron beam and a thermal neutron beam for use in neutron capture therapy (NCT) is described. A thin reactor with two large-area faces, a ''slab'' reactor, was planned using eighty-six 20% enriched TRIGA fuel elements (General Atomics, San Diego, California) and four B4C control rods. Two neutron beams were designed: an epithermal neutron beam from one face and a thermal neutron beam from the other. The planned facility, based on this slab-reactor core with a maximum operating power of 300 kW, will provide an epithermal neutron beam of 1.8 x 10(9) n(epi)/cm2.s intensity with low contamination by fast neutrons (2.6 x 10(-13) Gy.cm2/n(epi)) and gamma rays (<1.0 x 10(-13) Gy.cm2/n(epi)) and a thermal neutron beam of 9.0 x 10(9) n(th)/cm2.s intensity with low fast-neutron dose (1.0 x 10(-13) Gy.cm2/n(th)) and gamma dose (<1.0 x 10(-13) Gy.cm2/n(th)). Both neutron beams will be forward directed. Each beam can be turned on and off independently through its individual shutter. A complete NCT treatment using the designed epithermal or thermal neutron beam would take 30 or 20 min, respectively, under the condition of assuming 10 mug B-10/g in the blood. Such exposure times should be sufficiently short to maintain near-optimal target (e.g., B-10, Gd-157, and U-235) distribution in tumor versus normal tissues throughout the irradiation. With a low operating power of 300 kW, the heat generated in the core can be removed by natural convection through a pool of light water. The proposed design in this study could be constructed for a dedicated clinical NCT facility that would operate very safely. RP LIU, HB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, RES GRP, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 109 IS 3 BP 314 EP 326 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QH593 UT WOS:A1995QH59300002 ER PT J AU DALING, PM MARLER, JE VO, TV PHAN, HK FRILEY, JR AF DALING, PM MARLER, JE VO, TV PHAN, HK FRILEY, JR TI ASSESSMENT OF COSTS AND BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH RESOLUTION OF GENERIC SAFETY ISSUE 143 - AVAILABILITY OF HEATING, VENTILATION, AND AIR-CONDITIONING AND CHILLED WATER-SYSTEMS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note DE AIR COOLING; VALUE IMPACT ASSESSMENT; GENERIC ISSUE AB The Pacific Northwest Laboratory, under contract to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, has conducted an assessment of the values (benefits) and impacts (costs) associated with potential resolutions to Generic Issue 143 - ''Availability of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and Chilled Water Systems.'' The key objectives of the study were to (a) identify vulnerabilities related to failures of HVAC, chilled water, and room-cooling systems, (b) develop estimates of room heatup rates and safety-related equipment vulnerabilities following losses of HVAC/room-cooler systems, (c) develop estimates of the core damage frequencies and public risks associated with failures of these systems, (d) develop propose resolution strategies to this generic issue, and (e) perform a value/impact analysis of the proposed resolutions. Detailed probabilistic risk assessments for four representative plants form the basis for the core damage frequency and public risk calculations. Internally initiated core damage sequences as well as external events were considered. Three proposed resolution strategies were developed for this safety issues, and it was determined that all three were not cost effective. Additional evaluations were performed to develop ''generic'' insights on potential design-related vulnerabilities and potential high-frequency (> 10(-4)/reactor-yr) accident sequences that involve failures of HVAC/room-cooling functions. It was concluded that, although high-frequency accident sequences may exist at some plants, these sequences are plant-specific in nature or have been resolved through hardware and/or operational changes. The plant-specific individual plant examinations appear to be an effective vehicle for identification and resolution of these plant-specific anomalies and hardware configurations. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, OPERAT SAFETY & REGULATORY ANAL SECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT AUTOMAT & MEASUREMENT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP DALING, PM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DECIS & RISK ANAL GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 109 IS 3 BP 429 EP 436 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA QH593 UT WOS:A1995QH59300012 ER PT J AU KOHLER, B YAKOVLEV, VV WILSON, KR SQUIER, J DELONG, KW TREBINO, R AF KOHLER, B YAKOVLEV, VV WILSON, KR SQUIER, J DELONG, KW TREBINO, R TI PHASE AND INTENSITY CHARACTERIZATION OF FEMTOSECOND PULSES FROM A CHIRPED-PULSE AMPLIFIER BY FREQUENCY-RESOLVED OPTICAL GATING SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFICATION AB Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) measurements were made to characterize pulses from a Ti:sapphire chirped-pulse amplified laser system. By characterizing both the pulse intensity and the phase, the FROG data provided the first direct observation to our knowledge of residual phase distortion in a chirped-pulse amplifier. The FROG technique was also used to measure the regenerative amplifier dispersion and to characterize an amplitude-shaped pulse. The data provide an experimental demonstration of the value of FROG for characterizing complex pulses, including tailored femtosecond pulses for quantum control. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR ULTRFAST OPT SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP KOHLER, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. RI Kohler, Bern/A-1728-2011; Yakovlev, Vladislav/P-4668-2015 OI Kohler, Bern/0000-0001-5353-1655; NR 12 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 483 EP 485 DI 10.1364/OL.20.000483 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA QK123 UT WOS:A1995QK12300021 PM 19859228 ER PT J AU DELONG, KW LADERA, CL TREBINO, R KOHLER, B WILSON, KR AF DELONG, KW LADERA, CL TREBINO, R KOHLER, B WILSON, KR TI ULTRASHORT-PULSE MEASUREMENT USING NONINSTANTANEOUS NONLINEARITIES - RAMAN EFFECTS IN FREQUENCY-RESOLVED OPTICAL GATING SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIBERS; PHASE; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; INTENSITY AB Ultrashort-pulse-characterization techniques generally require instantaneously responding media. We show that this is not the case for frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG). We include, as an example, the noninstantaneous Raman response of fused silica, which can cause errors in the retrieved pulse width of as much as 8% for a 25-fs pulse in polarization-gate FROG. We present a modified pulse-retrieval algorithm that deconvolves such slow effects and use it to retrieve pulses of any width. In experiments with 45-fs pulses this algorithm achieved better convergence and yielded a shorter pulse than previous FROG algorithms. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM,MS 0339,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. RP DELONG, KW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 9057,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Kohler, Bern/A-1728-2011 OI Kohler, Bern/0000-0001-5353-1655 NR 12 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 486 EP 488 DI 10.1364/OL.20.000486 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA QK123 UT WOS:A1995QK12300022 PM 19859229 ER PT J AU GARRETT, WR BARNETT, VW MOORE, MA PAYNE, MG AF GARRETT, WR BARNETT, VW MOORE, MA PAYNE, MG TI OBSERVATIONS OF PREDICTED COOPERATIVE SHIFTS IN OPTICALLY PUMPED STIMULATED EMISSIONS IN XE (VOL 19, PG 581, 1994) SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 DAVIDSON COLL,DEPT PHYS,DAVIDSON,NC 28036. GEORGIA SO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STATESBORO,GA 30460. RP GARRETT, WR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 5 BP 519 EP 519 DI 10.1364/OL.20.000519 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA QK123 UT WOS:A1995QK12300033 PM 19859240 ER PT J AU ALBERT, DE GRAY, GT AF ALBERT, DE GRAY, GT TI DISLOCATION REACTIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE FORMATION OF A TWIN IN THE ORDERED INTERMETALLIC ALLOY NI-20AL-30FE SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID ANNEALING TWINS; SUPERLATTICE STRUCTURES; STACKING-FAULTS; FCC METALS; CRYSTALS AB Twins have been studied in an undeformed sample of the ordered L1(2) alloy Ni-20Al-30Fe. One twin/matrix boundary was seen to have 'steps'. A dislocation mechanism is proposed, whereby Shockley partial dislocations of three different types move in a coordinated manner on adjacent {111} type planes to form twins in Ni3Al; this glide plane is also the twinning plane. A local, but not global, stress is created by this type of dislocation motion. Preliminary measurements of the thickness of each of the 'steps' have been made. It is proposed that the steps' thicknesses correspond to the thickness of multiples of three {111} type planes. RP ALBERT, DE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 473 EP 487 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA QQ404 UT WOS:A1995QQ40400002 ER PT J AU SONG, SG GRAY, GT AF SONG, SG GRAY, GT TI DOUBLE DISLOCATION POLE MODEL FOR DEFORMATION TWINNING IN FCC LATTICES SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID SILICON AB A double dislocation pole model is proposed for deformation twinning in f.c.c. lattice structures. Operation of the twinning source proposed occurs when the passing stress that poses a high energy barrier to the nucleation and growth of a twin is surmounted by thermal activation. Orowan stress barriers are also involved in the twinning process and reduce the twin nucleation and growth rates. RP SONG, SG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 661 EP 670 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA QQ404 UT WOS:A1995QQ40400012 ER PT J AU YANG, R RUDEN, PP SMITH, DL AF YANG, R RUDEN, PP SMITH, DL TI COULOMB EFFECTS BETWEEN ELECTRONS IN QUANTUM BOX STRUCTURES SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID DOTS AB The effects of the Coulomb repulsion between electrons in single and multiple, vertically stacked quantum boxes are studied. We model the single electron states in quantum boxes as two-dimensional harmonic oscillator states and construct two-electron wavefunctions by the configuration interaction technique. Strong correlation effects determine the electronic structure of two electrons in a single quantum box. Based on the ground state two-electron wavefunction a variational trial function is constructed to examine the interaction effects between electrons in two, three, four, and N vertically stacked quantum boxes, each populated by a single electron. It is shown that the electron-electron interaction can lead to interesting polarization effects in multiple quantum boxes, if the relative strengths of the Coulomb interaction and the electron confining interaction are not too small. Numerical results based on GaAs materials parameters are presented. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP YANG, R (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT ELECT ENGN, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 359 EP 372 DI 10.1080/13642819508239039 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA QQ403 UT WOS:A1995QQ40300006 ER PT J AU CHU, F LEI, M MALOY, SA MITCHELL, TE MIGLIORI, A GARRETT, J AF CHU, F LEI, M MALOY, SA MITCHELL, TE MIGLIORI, A GARRETT, J TI SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELASTIC-CONSTANTS OF NBSI2 SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID MOSI2; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES; SILICIDES; PHASE AB Room-temperature elastic properties of hexagonal C40 NbSi2 single crystal have been determined using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS). All five independent elastic stiffness constants c(ij) were obtained: c11 = 380.2, c33 = 468.0, c44 = 145.3, c12 = 75.9 and c13 = 88.3 GPa. The shear modulus c66 in the (0001) plane, 152.2 GPa, is low relative to those of MoSi2 and WSi2. The isotropic elastic constants for polycrystalline material were also calculated. The results show that the bulk modulus K, shear modulus G and Young's modulus E are much higher than those of the constituent elements. The room temperature Poisson's ratio of the compound is 0.18, which is much smaller than those of the constituent elements and most observed materials. The elastic properties of C40 NbSi2 and C11b MoSi2 and WSi2 are compared and the possible influence on the mechanical behaviour is discussed. C1 QUATROSON INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109. MCMASTER UNIV,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4K1,CANADA. RP CHU, F (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 373 EP 382 DI 10.1080/13642819508239040 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA QQ403 UT WOS:A1995QQ40300007 ER PT J AU WIDOM, M PHILLIPS, R ZOU, J CARLSSON, AE AF WIDOM, M PHILLIPS, R ZOU, J CARLSSON, AE TI STRUCTURAL MODEL OF ORTHORHOMBIC AL3CO SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID DECAGONAL QUASI-CRYSTAL; ALLOYS; QUASICRYSTAL; AL3MN; NI AB The Al-Co alloy system contains a phase Al3Co of unknown structure. Recently Ma and Kuo determined its space group as Pnmn with lattice constants a = 12.5 angstrom, b = 8.1 angstrom and c = 14.6 angstrom. We propose a structural model for the orthorhombic phase of Al3Co including explicit atomic positions and occupancy factors. This model relates to the monoclinic phase of Al13Co4 by periodic twinning. Our model displays mechanical and thermodynamic stability as determined using approximate pair potentials developed for the Al-Co alloys. C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. RP WIDOM, M (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. RI Widom, Michael/P-2531-2014 OI Widom, Michael/0000-0001-5972-5696 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 397 EP 406 DI 10.1080/13642819508239042 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA QQ403 UT WOS:A1995QQ40300009 ER PT J AU WHITE, JD KROH, GC PINDER, JE AF WHITE, JD KROH, GC PINDER, JE TI FOREST MAPPING AT LASSEN-VOLCANIC-NATIONAL-PARK, CALIFORNIA, USING LANDSAT TM DATA AND A GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEM SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER; ECOSYSTEM PERSPECTIVE; CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION; MINNESOTA; TERRAIN; ZONES; AREA AB Knowledge of forest species composition is an integral part of designing and implementing resource manangement policies in a national park. Managers must rely on cost-effective methods of vegetation mapping, namely, use. of remotely sensed data coupled with digital geographic data, to help them meet their management goals. In this study, we demonstrate that genus-level maps can be generated from unsupervised classifications of Landsat TM data at an accuracy level of 73 percent. Species-level maps can be created to an accuracy level of 58 percent by post-stratification of the spectral classification with topographic data in a geographic information system (GIS). This modification method is a rule-based system whereby spectral forest classes ore sorted based on elevation and soil-moisture gradients established for each species through ecological research. Our observations illustrate that spectral classification is optimized by using all six reflective TM bands and that classification accuracy is affected by canopy cover and understory vegetation. Modifying spectral classifications by environmental data in a GIS is a useful way of defining species composition of forests in an area where access to forests is limited but need for map information is great. C1 TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,FT WORTH,TX 76129. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29081. NR 40 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 299 EP 305 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA QK756 UT WOS:A1995QK75600004 ER PT J AU RACE, HL EATONRYE, JJ HIND, G AF RACE, HL EATONRYE, JJ HIND, G TI A 64-KDA PROTEIN IS A SUBSTRATE FOR PHOSPHORYLATION BY A DISTINCT THYLAKOID PROTEIN-KINASE SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE KINASE; LHC; PHOSPHORYLATION; PHOTOSYSTEM II ID PHOTOSYSTEM-II; SPINACH-CHLOROPLASTS; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; SMALL SUBUNIT; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; PURIFICATION; QUANTITIES; MEMBRANES AB Solubilization of spinach thylakoids with the nonionic detergent n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (OG) releases active protein kinase from the membrane. Further purification was reported to demonstrate that a 64-kDa protein is the origin of this kinase activity (Coughlan S J and Hind G (1986) J Biol Chem 261: 11378-11385). The N-terminal sequence of this protein was subsequently determined (Gal A, Herrmann R, Lottspiech F and Ohad I (1992) FEES Lett 298: 33-35). Liquid phase isoelectric focusing of the OG extract and an hydroxylapatite-purified fraction, derived from the OG preparation, reveals that the 64-kDa protein with this documented N-terminal sequence can be separated from the protein kinase activity. Experimental conditions were optimised by manipulation of ampholyte and detergent concentrations to maximise protein solubility and enzyme activity. The kinase-containing fraction was able to catalyze the phosphorylation of several proteins including the 64-kDa which was identified using antibodies raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence. The results described indicate that this 64-kDa protein is not the protein kinase responsible for the phosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex associated with Photosystem II. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT BIOL, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. OI Eaton-Rye, Julian/0000-0003-4137-8838 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 EI 1573-5079 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 3 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1007/BF00029936 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RH513 UT WOS:A1995RH51300006 PM 24306846 ER PT J AU REHR, JJ ZABINSKY, SI ANKUDINOV, A ALBERS, RC AF REHR, JJ ZABINSKY, SI ANKUDINOV, A ALBERS, RC TI ATOMIC-XAFS AND XANES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; MOLECULES; SPECTRA AB X-ray-absorption near edge structure (XANES) poses many theoretical challenges and a general quantitative theory remains elusive. We have studied structural contributions to XANES based on high-order multiple-scattering (MS) calculations, including X-ray polarization. Ab initio MS calculations of XANES are presented using a code FEFF6X, that includes estimates of the amplitude reduction factor S-0(2). White-lines and continuum shape resonances in XANES are described quantitatively. We have observed that the atomic background absorption contains oscillatory structure which can play an important role in XANES. Calculations and measurements confirm the existence of AXAFS and show that it can dominate contributions such as multi-electron excitations. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP REHR, JJ (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS, FM-15, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00623-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100007 ER PT J AU FROBA, M WONG, J BEHRENS, P SIEGER, P ROWEN, M TANAKA, T REK, Z FELSCHE, J AF FROBA, M WONG, J BEHRENS, P SIEGER, P ROWEN, M TANAKA, T REK, Z FELSCHE, J TI CORRELATION OF MULTIPLE-SCATTERING FEATURES IN XANES SPECTRA OF AL AND SI K-EDGES TO THE AL-O-SI BOND-ANGLE IN ALUMINOSILICATE SODALITES - AN EMPIRICAL-STUDY SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID RAY AB Using a YB66 monochromator X-ray absorption measurements were carried out at the Al K and Si K absorption edges of a series of aluminosilicate sodalites. The Al-O-Si bridging angle of the selected sodalites varies from 138 degrees to 148 degrees and the structure of the XANES with its different multiple scattering (MS) features shows a strong angular dependence. Increasing the angle results in a decrease of the MS intensities. This dependence is especially pronounced at the Al K edges which contain a couple of separated well-resolved peaks whereas the corresponding features at the Si K edges are smeared out due to a strong overlapping of the peaks. C1 UNIV KONSTANZ, FAC CHEM, D-78434 CONSTANCE, GERMANY. STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. NATL INST RES INORGAN MAT, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. RP FROBA, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, L-369, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 65 EP 67 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00820-L PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100023 ER PT J AU WESTRE, TE DICICCO, A FILIPPONI, A NATOLI, CR HEDMAN, B SOLOMON, EI HODGSON, KO AF WESTRE, TE DICICCO, A FILIPPONI, A NATOLI, CR HEDMAN, B SOLOMON, EI HODGSON, KO TI USING GNXAS, A MULTIPLE-SCATTERING EXAFS ANALYSIS, FOR DETERMINATION OF THE FE-N-O ANGLE IN (FENO)(7) COMPLEXES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB The Fe-N-O bond angle in a series of {FeNO}(7) complexes has been probed by EXAFS, utilizing a new theoretical data analysis package, GNXAS. This package provides an integrated approach to the analysis of EXAFS data based on a full curved-wave, multiple-scattering theoretical treatment incorporating least squares refinement. EXAFS data were obtained on two crystallographically-characterized {FeNO}(7) inorganic complexes with varying Fe-N-O angles to examine the sensitivity of the GNXAS fit to this angle. Results are presented which indicate that it is possible to determine whether the Fe-N-O unit is bent or linear, with the GNXAS analysis being extremely sensitive when the angle is between 150 degrees and 180 degrees. This study thus provides the basis for the determination of the coordination geometry of molecules like NO and O-2 to metalloprotein active sites. C1 STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. UNIV CAMERINO, DIPARTIMENTO MATEMAT & FIS, I-62032 CAMERINO, ITALY. UNIV AQUILA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-67010 COPPITO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, NAZL FRASCATI LAB, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RI Filipponi, Adriano/P-7796-2015 OI Filipponi, Adriano/0000-0002-3870-5853 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 137 EP 139 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00650-K PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100050 ER PT J AU RALSTON, CY CHEN, J PENG, G GEORGE, SJ VANELP, J CRAMER, SP AF RALSTON, CY CHEN, J PENG, G GEORGE, SJ VANELP, J CRAMER, SP TI BIOLOGICAL X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY ON 3RD-GENERATION SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION SOURCES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; PROBE AB Third generation synchrotron radiation sources such as the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory deliver 1-2 orders of magnitude more monochromatic flux (and many orders of magnitude higher brightness) than previously available. This paper describes the ring and existing beamlines of the advanced light source, and plans for crystallography and elliptical wiggler stations are discussed. Using nickel metalloprotein spectra recorded at NSLS and SSRL as examples, this paper describes how the higher monochromatic flux available from the ALS will be used for biological soft X-ray spectroscopy. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00834-I PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100074 ER PT J AU SHAM, TK HOLROYD, RA AF SHAM, TK HOLROYD, RA TI PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY XAFS - SOME RECENT OBSERVATIONS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ION YIELDS; K-EDGE; X-RAYS; LIQUIDS AB Conductivity XAFS for W(CO)(6) and Re-2(CO)(10) in 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane (TMP) have been obtained for the investigation of the effect of cell voltage, thickness of the incident photon slab and photon flux. The use of the cell for absorption XAFS is also noted. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP SHAM, TK (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT CHEM, LONDON, ON N6A 5B7, CANADA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 212 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00835-J PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100076 ER PT J AU WONG, J REK, ZU ROWEN, M TANAKA, T SCHAFERS, F MULLER, B GEORGE, GN PICKERING, IJ VIA, G DEVRIES, B BROWN, GE FROBA, M AF WONG, J REK, ZU ROWEN, M TANAKA, T SCHAFERS, F MULLER, B GEORGE, GN PICKERING, IJ VIA, G DEVRIES, B BROWN, GE FROBA, M TI NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN 1-2-KEV SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID X-RAY MONOCHROMATOR; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; CRYSTALS; GROWTH; YB66 AB We report herein the first of a series of K-edge XAFS spectra of some selected Mg, Al and Si model compounds in the 1-2 keV region using a newly developed YB66 monochromator. These elements have K-edges in the 1-2 keV region (Mg, 1303 eV; Al, 1559 eV and Si, 1839 eV), and have hithertofore often been regarded as relatively spectroscopic silent, both because of the difficulties associated with obtaining XAFS data, due to a lack of synchrotron radiation-stable monochromators, and because there are few other readily available spectroscopic probes of local structure for these elements. The present data clearly show that the K-edge spectra are sensitive probes of the chemical nature of these elements. C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. BESSY, BERLIN, GERMANY. EXXON RES & ENGN CO, ANNANDALE, NJ 08801 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT GEOL & ENVIRONM SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NATL INST RES INORGAN MAT, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. RP WONG, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, L-369, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010; George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; Muller, Bernd Randolf/R-4659-2016; OI Muller, Bernd Randolf/0000-0003-2234-1538; Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994 NR 9 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 220 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00837-Y PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100079 ER PT J AU JIANG, DT FRIGO, SP COULTHARD, I FENG, XH TAN, KH SHAM, TK ROSENBERG, RA AF JIANG, DT FRIGO, SP COULTHARD, I FENG, XH TAN, KH SHAM, TK ROSENBERG, RA TI XEOL XANES OF ZNS(CU) AND POROUS SI SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID LUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL-LUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; ABSORPTION; SILICON; SPECTRA; EXAFS AB Using X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL), L- and K-edge photoluminescence yield (PLY) XANES of S and Si have been obtained on P31 (ZnS:Cu) and porous Si (PS), respectively. Both P31 and PS have a negative edge jump in PLY XANES at the L-edges. At S K-edge, for P31 the edge jump is positive. For PS both the positive and negative edge jumps have been observed at Si K-edge, depending on the sample preparation and the optical channel used. The PLY XANES correlate well with the total electron yield spectra. The site selectivity of PLY XANES is discussed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT, STOUGHTON, WI 53589 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ADV PHOTON SOURCE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP JIANG, DT (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT CHEM, LONDON, ON N6A 5B7, CANADA. RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 227 EP 228 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00666-J PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100082 ER PT J AU WONG, J FROBA, M FRAHM, R AF WONG, J FROBA, M FRAHM, R TI A CRITICAL-ASSESSMENT OF THE QEXAFS METHOD SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; QUICK; EXAFS AB We provide a critical assessment of the QEXAFS (quick-scanning EXAFS) method in terms of spectral quality and resolution as a function of various experimental parameters such as scan rate, integration time, type of monochromator used, as well as an experimentally definable energy window over which a QEXAFS data point is collected. Model compounds with well-defined shape pre-edge XANES, whiteline features and long k-range EXAFS are used as test systems to arrive at a set of practical experimental parameters. The versatility, application and limitations of this time-resolved XAFS tool will be discussed. C1 DESY, HASYLAB, D-22603 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RP WONG, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, BOX 808, L-369, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 249 EP 250 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00672-I PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100092 ER PT J AU LOCHTE, K FROBA, M RESSLER, T METZ, W AF LOCHTE, K FROBA, M RESSLER, T METZ, W TI XAS STUDIES ON GRAPHITE-INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS OF CE(NO3)(4) SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB XAS measurements were performed at the Ce-L(III) edge of Ce(NO3)(4) graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) and reference compounds to study the electronic and geometric structure of the intercalated species. In comparison to Ce3+, the XANES of Ce4+ compounds exhibits a splitted white line caused by many body effects. From the results of the XANES analysis we estimate an amount of similar to 20% Ce3+ in the intercalated Ce(NO3), indicating a charge transfer from the graphite to the intercalated cerium. The EXAFS analysis reveals a small increase of the bond length of the first coordination sphere supporting the XANES studies. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP LOCHTE, K (reprint author), UNIV HAMBURG, INST PHYS CHEM, BUNDESSTR 45, D-20146 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 281 EP 282 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00678-O PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100105 ER PT J AU BATCHELOR, DR TANGYUNYONG, P RHODIN, TN TAN, YT LUSHINGTON, KJ AF BATCHELOR, DR TANGYUNYONG, P RHODIN, TN TAN, YT LUSHINGTON, KJ TI ANHARMONIC CORRECTIONS IN EXAFS FROM AGBR SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB EXAFS data in the temperature range 18-120 K were analysed using theoretical phases and asymmetric model radial distribution functions. The results are compared with those from cumulant analysis. Multiple scattering analyses for the 18 and 120 K data using this model are also presented. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. CORNELL UNIV, SCH APPL & ENGN PHYS, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. EASTMAN KODAK CO, PHOTOG RES LABS, ROCHESTER, NY 14650 USA. UNIV LIVERPOOL, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, MERSEYSIDE, ENGLAND. RP BATCHELOR, DR (reprint author), AARHUS UNIV, INST FYS ASTRON, DK-8000 AARHUS, DENMARK. RI Batchelor, David/D-4406-2016 OI Batchelor, David/0000-0001-9076-0780 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 289 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00679-P PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100108 ER PT J AU ODAY, PA CARROLL, SA WAYCHUNAS, GA PHILLIPS, B AF ODAY, PA CARROLL, SA WAYCHUNAS, GA PHILLIPS, B TI XAS OF TRACE-ELEMENT COORDINATION IN NATURAL SEDIMENTS AT AMBIENT AND CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION AB The molecular coordination of trace levels of Zn (1-2 wt%) in natural sediments from an acid mine drainage and of V, Cr, and Mn (10-300 ppm) from weathered hydrothermal soils was examined by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at ambient and cryogenic (approximate to 10 K) temperatures. XAFS analyses of mine drainage sample spectra show that, with increased weathering, Zn coordination changes from a sulfide phase in its host mineral, sphalerite (ZnS), to coordination indicative of hydroxide phases. In samples with silica, carbonate, and iron-hydroxide phases (3-54 wt% Fe(OH)(3)), the local atomic Zn environment changes with the total amount of bulk iron hydroxide, but Zn is not incorporated into carbonate or silica phases. Analysis of pre-edge and K-edge spectral features of very low concentrations of V, Cr, and Mn in oxidized, kaolinite-rich soils from hydrothermal areas indicates reduced valence states for these ions (V-3+,V-4+, Cr3+, Mn2+) and suggests trapping of metals under paleo-reducing conditions during clay formation. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH SCI L-219, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. STANFORD UNIV, CTR MAT RES, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. RP ODAY, PA (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOL, BOX 871404, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 309 EP 310 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100117 ER PT J AU FARGES, F BROWN, GE CALAS, G GALOISY, L WAYCHUNAS, GA AF FARGES, F BROWN, GE CALAS, G GALOISY, L WAYCHUNAS, GA TI COORDINATION CHANGE AROUND 2WT-PERCENT NI IN NA2SI2O5 GLASS MELT SYSTEMS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID SILICATE AB The coordination environment around Ni at minor concentration levels (2 wt% NiO) in Na2Si2O5 glass and melt has been investigated by high temperature (293-1250 K) X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. The derived average anharmonic Ni-O distances for the glass at 293 K and the melt above 1150 K are 1.99 (1) and 1.97 (1)Angstrom, respectively. The Ni-O distance in the glass is consistent with a mixture of Ni-IV and Ni-V, whereas that in the melt is consistent with dominantly Ni-IV. The significant reorganization of the melt during quenching may help explain the enrichment of Ni in, early-formed igneous minerals. These data also suggest the possibility of a pressure-induced coordination change around Ni, which may influence significantly the geochemical modeling of the Earth. C1 CNRS, URA 734, F-93160 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT GEOL, STANFORD, CA 94205 USA. STANFORD UNIV, SSRL, STANFORD, CA 94205 USA. UNIV PARIS 07, IPGP, MINERAL LAB, CNRS, UA 09, F-75005 PARIS, FRANCE. STANFORD UNIV, CTR MAT RES, STANFORD, CA 94205 USA. RP FARGES, F (reprint author), UNIV MARNE LA VALLEE, IPGP, PHYS GEOMAT LAB, F-93160 NOISY LE GRAND, FRANCE. RI Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012 OI Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 381 EP 382 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00704-Y PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100146 ER PT J AU SHAM, TK SHEK, ML KUHN, M HRBEK, J AF SHAM, TK SHEK, ML KUHN, M HRBEK, J TI XAFS OF MN MULTILAYERS ON RU(001) SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB Mn K-edge XAFS together with LEED and thermal desorption has been used to investigate a series of Mn multilayers deposited on a Ru(001) substrate under UHV conditions. It is found that a meta-stable phase with a (1 x 1) LEED pattern can be prepared at thin as well as thick layers. The XAFS of such a system appears to exhibit an intense HCP-like EXAFS pattern indicating that the as-deposited Mn overlayer is pseudomorphic with the substrate. Upon annealing, the XAFS of the meta-stable phase collapses to a pattern similar to that of the bulk Mn. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT CHEM, LONDON, ON N6A 5B7, CANADA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 469 EP 470 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00728-E PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100185 ER PT J AU MAEDA, H ISHII, T MARUYAMA, H KUBOZONO, Y YAMAZAKI, H WARDEN, M EMURA, S STERN, EA HEALD, SM AF MAEDA, H ISHII, T MARUYAMA, H KUBOZONO, Y YAMAZAKI, H WARDEN, M EMURA, S STERN, EA HEALD, SM TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT EXAFS STUDY ON ORIENTED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SUPERCONDUCTOR SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB The polarized Cu K-edge EXAFS measurements on oriented powder of YBa2Cu3O7-delta (T-c = 93 K, 5 mu m grain size) are made as a function of temperature from 20 to 300 K for the a-b plane and the c axis being parallel to the X-ray polarization vector epsilon. Here, we focus on the local structure of Cu-O bonds in the a-b planes. It is found that the average Cu-O (equatorial) distance and cumulants in the CuO4 square plane show anomalous behaviors around T-c. C1 OKAYAMA UNIV, FAC ENGN, OKAYAMA 700, JAPAN. UNIV ZURICH, INST PHYS, CH-8057 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. OSAKA UNIV, INST SCI & IND RES, IBARAKI, OSAKA 567, JAPAN. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP MAEDA, H (reprint author), OKAYAMA UNIV, FAC SCI, OKAYAMA 700, JAPAN. RI KUBOZONO, Yoshihiro/B-2091-2011 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 528 EP 530 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00873-T PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100207 ER PT J AU FROBA, M LOCHTE, K METZ, W AF FROBA, M LOCHTE, K METZ, W TI XANES AND EXAFS STUDIES ON THE RHENIUM L-ABSORPTION EDGES OF GRAPHITE-INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS OF RECL5 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID QUICK AB X-ray absorption measurements were carried out at the Re f L(II,III) absorption edges of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) of ReCl5 and a series of different rhenium chlorides. The EXAFS analysis of the Re L(III) edges yields a coordination number of six and an average Re-Cl bond length of 234.6 pm for the GICs. This distance as well as the energy shift of the white lines indicate an oxidation state of 4-4.5 for rhenium in its GICs. The analysis of the white lines always reveals larger widths for the L(III) as compared to the L(II) edges. The white lines of the pure metal chlorides in the series +3, +4 and +5 for the oxidation state of Re are shifted to higher energies accompanied by an increase of the intensities. The GICs exhibit the same dependence between energy position and oxidation state, but the intensities are always higher. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP FROBA, M (reprint author), UNIV HAMBURG, INST PHYS CHEM, BUNDESSTR 45, D-20146 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 552 EP 554 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00745-H PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100217 ER PT J AU FROBA, M WONG, J ROWEN, M BROWN, GE TANAKA, T REK, Z AF FROBA, M WONG, J ROWEN, M BROWN, GE TANAKA, T REK, Z TI AL AND SI K-ABSORPTION EDGES OF AL2SIO5 POLYMORPHS USING THE NEW YB66 SOFT-X-RAY MONOCHROMATOR SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB Using a YB66 monochromator, X-ray absorption spectra of the Al K and Si K absorption edges of the three Al2SiO5 polymorphs, sillimanite, andalusite and kyanite, were recorded. For the Al K edges different XANES features could be correlated with the symmetry and the Al-O coordination. At the Si K edge all polymorphs show the same white line and only the sillimanite with its special Al-O-Si arrangement shows a further feature at higher energies. zx C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT GEOL & ENVIRONM SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NATL INST RES INORGAN MAT, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. RP FROBA, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 555 EP 556 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00748-K PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100218 ER PT J AU LEE, JF BAJT, S CLARK, SB LAMBLE, GM LANGTON, CA OJI, L AF LEE, JF BAJT, S CLARK, SB LAMBLE, GM LANGTON, CA OJI, L TI CHROMIUM SPECIATION IN HAZARDOUS, CEMENT-BASED WASTE FORMS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION AB XANES and EXAFS techniques were used to determine the oxidation states and local structural environment of Cr in cement-based waste forms. Results show that Cr in untreated Portland cement formulations remains as toxic Cr6+, while slag additives to the cement reduce Cr6+ to the less toxic, less mobile Cr3+ species. EXAFS analysis suggests that the Cr6+ species is surrounded by four nearest oxygen atoms, while the reduced Cr3+ species is surrounded by six oxygen atoms. The fitted Cr-O bond lengths for Cr6+ and Cr3+ species are around 1.66 and 1.98 Angstrom, respectively. C1 UNIV CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. SYNCHROTRON RADIAT RES CTR, HSINCHU 30077, TAIWAN. UNIV GEORGIA, SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, AIKEN, SC 29802 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR, AIKEN, SC 29806 USA. RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 3 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 577 EP 578 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00758-N PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100228 ER PT J AU MANSOUR, AN MELENDRES, CA AF MANSOUR, AN MELENDRES, CA TI XAFS INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND VALENCY OF NICKEL IN SOME OXYCOMPOUNDS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB We report on the valency and local structure of nickel in alpha-Ni(OH)(2), beta-Ni(OH)(2), Ni2O3.6H(2)O, Ni3O2(OH)(4), beta-NiOOH, gamma-NiOOH, NiO2 and NiKIO6. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP MANSOUR, AN (reprint author), USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DEPT WEAP MAT,CODE 684, BLDG 30-213, 10901 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE, SILVER SPRING, MD 20903 USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 583 EP 584 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00761-J PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100231 ER PT J AU LAMBLE, GM LEE, JF STAUDT, WJ REEDER, RJ AF LAMBLE, GM LEE, JF STAUDT, WJ REEDER, RJ TI STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF SELENATE INCORPORATION INTO CALCITE CRYSTALS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE AB The mobility and concentration of aqueous Se species in soil water and ground water are strongly affected by coprecipitation reactions with minerals such as calcite, CaCO3. Here we present the results of an XAFS investigation to determine how the tetrahedral SeO42- species is accommodated in the bulk calcite structure. Our results show that the SeO42- substitutes for trigonal CO32- groups in octahedral sites. C1 SYNCHROTRON RADIAT RES CTR, HSINCHU 30077, TAIWAN. SUNY STONY BROOK, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. RP LAMBLE, GM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00763-L PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100234 ER PT J AU HEALD, SM AMONETTE, JE TURNER, GD SCOTT, AD AF HEALD, SM AMONETTE, JE TURNER, GD SCOTT, AD TI AN XAFS STUDY OF THE OXIDATION OF STRUCTURAL IRON IN BIOTITE MICA BY SOLUTIONS CONTAINING BR-2 OR H2O2 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB XAFS measurements have been made on the Fe edge for a series of biotite micas oxidized to different extents by solutions containing either Br-2 or H2O2. The Fe in the Br-2-treated sample is nearly completely oxidized to Fe(III), while the H2O2-treated samples showed an intermediate degree of oxidization. Both the near-edge and EXAFS for the H2O2 samples could be fit well by a linear combination of the untreated and Br-2-treated samples. This indicates that the partially oxidized samples have the two forms of Fe in distinct sites. Detailed analysis gave for the oxidized site a coordination of 5.7 +/- 0.5 with a Fe-O distance of 1.99 Angstrom. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT AGRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 604 EP 606 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00878-Y PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100241 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, JC CINCO, R DAU, H LATIMER, MJ LIANG, WC ROELOFS, TA ROMPEL, A SAUER, K YACHANDRA, VK KLEIN, MP AF ANDREWS, JC CINCO, R DAU, H LATIMER, MJ LIANG, WC ROELOFS, TA ROMPEL, A SAUER, K YACHANDRA, VK KLEIN, MP TI PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION - STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS TO THE CATALYTIC MANGANESE COMPLEX SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV STRUCT BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 657 EP 659 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00886-Z PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100261 ER PT J AU MA, Q LEE, JF SAYERS, DE AF MA, Q LEE, JF SAYERS, DE TI X-RAY-DIFFRACTION ANOMALOUS FINE-STRUCTURE STUDY OF A SUPPORTED PT CATALYST SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB An X-ray diffraction anomalous fine structure (DAFS) experiment was performed in the vicinity of the Pt L(III) absorption edge for a supported Pt catalyst. It appears that for the as-prepared sample, all the Pt atoms exist in the tetramine complex. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. SYNCHROTRON RADIAT RES CTR, HSINCHU 30077, TAIWAN. RP MA, Q (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 663 EP 664 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00780-Y PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100263 ER PT J AU WASSERMAN, SR CARRADO, KA YUCHS, SE SHEN, YF CAO, H SUI, SL AF WASSERMAN, SR CARRADO, KA YUCHS, SE SHEN, YF CAO, H SUI, SL TI THE STRUCTURE OF NEW SYNTHETIC MANGANESE OXIDE OCTAHEDRAL MOLECULAR-SIEVES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID HYDROUS OXIDES; MN; FE; SPECTROSCOPY; INFORMATION; CHEMISTRY; EXAFS; CO; NI AB Manganese K-edge X-ray absorption spectra are used to examine the average oxidation state and local structure of new synthetic manganese oxide photocatalysts, including the materials known as octahedral molecular sieves. The structures of these materials are compared to the natural minerals cryptomelane and todorokite. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT, DEPT CHEM, STORRS, CT 06269 USA. RP WASSERMAN, SR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 674 EP 676 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00786-U PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100267 ER PT J AU JIANG, DT GUI, ZQ HEALD, SM SHAM, TK STILLMAN, MJ AF JIANG, DT GUI, ZQ HEALD, SM SHAM, TK STILLMAN, MJ TI XAFS OF SILVER(I) METALLOTHIONEIN SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID THIOLATE AB Silver K-edge XAFS has been measured on Ag-17-MT formed by adding Ag(I) to Zn-7-MT at pH 7. The nearest neighbor bond length and coordination number are determined by curve-fitting using theoretical scattering amplitude and phase. It is found that the silver atom is coordinated with two sulfurs at 2.43 +/- 0.024 Angstrom and one Ag at 2.91 +/- 0.05 Angstrom. The results are compared to those of Zn-7-MT, Cd-7-MT, Hg-7-MT and Hg18B-MT. The generality of the coordination geometry of Ag-S clusters in various metallothioneins is noted. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP JIANG, DT (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT CHEM, LONDON, ON N6A 5B7, CANADA. RI Stillman, Martin/O-3191-2016 OI Stillman, Martin/0000-0001-6799-7560 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 729 EP 730 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00797-Y PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100290 ER PT J AU KEMNER, KM ELAM, WT HUNTER, DB BERTSCH, PM AF KEMNER, KM ELAM, WT HUNTER, DB BERTSCH, PM TI EXAFS STUDIES OF CSBR-DIBENZO-18-CROWN-6 ETHER SOLUTIONS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE AB An understanding of the structural binding properties of Cs-137 With ligands is paramount in designing chelates for waste treatment and isolation applications as well as for understanding sorption mechanisms to natural organic and inorganic colloids. We have investigated Cs bonding environments in crown ether complexes by employing Cs-133 as a probe for XAFS studies. Crown ethers represent a good first choice for XAFS structural studies because they have well-defined first and second shell environments. Additionally, the oxygen functional groups and bond distances can be easily manipulated by choice of specific crown ether molecules. The ability of XAFS to elucidate the structural environment of Cs within the crown ether complex will be useful in additional investigations in which the Cs is selectively bound within a cage of electronegative oxygen donors including humic and other organic substances, colloidal clay minerals and ion selective exchange resins used to treat nuclear wastes. C1 UNIV GEORGIA, SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, DIV BIOGEOCHEM, AIKEN, SC 29802 USA. RP KEMNER, KM (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 6684, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 735 EP 736 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00896-4 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100293 ER PT J AU FURENLID, LR RENNER, MW FUJITA, E AF FURENLID, LR RENNER, MW FUJITA, E TI XAS STUDIES OF NI(I), NI(II), AND NI(III) COMPLEXES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; METHANOBACTERIUM AB XAS techniques for studying structural and electronic changes taking place after oxidation and reduction reactions of nickel complexes are described and applied to selected models for Factor 430, a nickel containing cofactor catalyzing an important step in the conversion of carbon dioxide to methane by methanogenic bacteria. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP FURENLID, LR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Fujita, Etsuko/D-8814-2013 NR 9 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 739 EP 742 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)01040-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100295 ER PT J AU DEGROOT, FMF PIZZINI, S FONTAINE, A HAMALAINEN, K KAO, CC HASTINGS, JB AF DEGROOT, FMF PIZZINI, S FONTAINE, A HAMALAINEN, K KAO, CC HASTINGS, JB TI LOCAL-SPIN-SELECTIVE X-RAY-ABSORPTION AND X-RAY MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM OF MNP SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS VIII) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1994 CL FREIE UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY SP BESSY, FRITZ HABER INST, HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN HO FREIE UNIV BERLIN AB The local-spin-selective X-ray absorption spectrum and the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectrum are measured at the manganese K edge of MnP. A comparison of the two techniques makes it possible to determine the energy dependence of the Fano factor. It is found that the Fano factor is - 4% at the edge while it decreases to values lower than 1% at all energies more than 7 eV above the edge. C1 HELSINKI UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NSLS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP DEGROOT, FMF (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 11, UTILISAT RAYONNEMENT ELECTROMAGNET LAB, BATIMENT 209D, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. RI Hamalainen, Keijo/A-3986-2010; de Groot, Frank/A-1918-2009 OI Hamalainen, Keijo/0000-0002-9234-9810; NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1-4 BP 763 EP 764 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00804-5 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QP961 UT WOS:A1995QP96100302 ER PT J AU JOYCE, JJ ARKO, AJ ANDREWS, AB BLYTH, RIR BARTLETT, RJ THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z RISEBOROUGH, PS CANFIELD, PC OLSON, CG BENNING, PJ AF JOYCE, JJ ARKO, AJ ANDREWS, AB BLYTH, RIR BARTLETT, RJ THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z RISEBOROUGH, PS CANFIELD, PC OLSON, CG BENNING, PJ TI PHOTOEMISSION AND THE ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES OF HEAVY FERMIONS - LIMITATIONS OF THE KONDO MODEL SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; YBAL3; EXCITATIONS; RESONANCE; CRYSTAL; CERIUM; YBXCU4; CE AB The electronic properties of Yb-based heavy fermions have been investigated by means of high resolution synchrotron radiation photoemission and compared with predictions of the Kondo model. The Yb heavy fermion photoemission spectra show significant disagreement with the Kondo model predictions (as calculated within the Gunnarsson-Schonhammer computational method). Moreover, the Yb heavy fermion photoemission spectra give strong indications of core-like characteristics and compare favorably to purely divalent Yb metal and core-like Lu 4f levels. The heavy fermions YbCu2Si2, YbAgCu4 and YbAl3 were measured and shown to have lineshapes much broader and deeper in binding energy than predicted by the Kondo model. The lineshape of the bulk component of the 4f emission for these three heavy fermion materials was compared with that from Yb metal and the Lu 4f levels in LuAl3. The heavy fermion materials show no substantive spectroscopic differences from 4f levels observed in Yb metal and LuAl3. Also, the variation with temperature of the 4f lineshape was measured for Yb metal and clearly demonstrates that phonon broadening plays a major role in 4f level lineshape analysis and must be accounted for before considerations of correlated electron resonance effects are presumed to be at work. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,DEPT PHYS,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP JOYCE, JJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Riseborough, Peter/D-4689-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 1995 VL 205 IS 3-4 BP 365 EP 370 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(94)00617-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QV074 UT WOS:A1995QV07400018 ER PT J AU DAI, P CHAKOUMAKOS, BC SUN, GF WONG, KW XIN, Y LU, DF AF DAI, P CHAKOUMAKOS, BC SUN, GF WONG, KW XIN, Y LU, DF TI SYNTHESIS AND NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDY OF THE SUPERCONDUCTOR HGBA2CA2CU3O8+DELTA BY TL SUBSTITUTION SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CU-O SYSTEM; HGBA2CUO4+DELTA; TEMPERATURE; 150-K AB Substitution of Tl for Hg was performed in the tig based 1223 phase HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+delta (T-c = 135 K), resulting in an increase of the superconducting transition temperature to 138 K for samples with a nominal composition of Hg0.8Tl0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+delta. The crystal structure of this solid solution has been investigated by neutron powder diffraction techniques at room temperature and at 10 K. The compound has the same crystal structure as Hg-1223 with the space group symmetry P4/mmm and lattice parameters a = 3.8489(1), c = 15.816(1) Angstrom. Rietveld analysis results indicate that Hg is partially replaced by Tl, and the oxygen content, delta, is 0.33. The lattice-parameter changes resulting from the Tl substitution are too small to account for the T-c change by mimicking the effect of pressure. No phase transition occurs down to 10 K. C1 UNIV KANSAS,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. MIDWEST SUPERCONDUCT INC,LAWRENCE,KS 66049. RP DAI, P (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 24 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 243 IS 3-4 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(94)02461-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QL447 UT WOS:A1995QL44700001 ER PT J AU STLOUISWEBER, M DRAVID, VP BALACHANDRAN, U AF STLOUISWEBER, M DRAVID, VP BALACHANDRAN, U TI FACTS AND ARTIFACTS OF TEM SPECIMEN PREPARATION FOR YBA2CU3O7-X SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT CRITICAL CURRENTS; SINGLE GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; LOSS SPECTROMETRY EELS; O COMPOUND SYSTEM; SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FINE-STRUCTURE; WEAK LINKS; ION; TC AB In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens of polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconductors were prepared by a variety of common techniques: crushing, ion beam thinning, and electrochemical-jet-polishing. Experimental techniques employed in the characterization of these specimens were SQUID measurements, transmission electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis, and secondary ion mapping. In addition, a Monte Carlo computer simulation, known as transport of ions in matter (TRIM), was implemented to model the damage introduced during ion milling. Not surprisingly, the results suggest that oxygen stoichiometry of YBCO depends heavily upon the TEM specimen-preparation technique utilized. Crushing is the most optimal technique. The next most favorable technique is ion beam thinning at liquid-nitrogen temperature with low ion energy. Electrochemical-jet-polishing is promising, but care must be taken to remove residual surface contaminants deposited by the electrolyte solution. These results suggest the need for post-TEM specimen-preparation treatments, such as ozone annealing, to facilitate reoxygenation of the as-prepared TEM specimens. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP STLOUISWEBER, M (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009 NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 243 IS 3-4 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00007-0 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QL447 UT WOS:A1995QL44700010 ER PT J AU MURIEL, A DRESDEN, M AF MURIEL, A DRESDEN, M TI PROJECTION TECHNIQUES IN NONEQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL-MECHANICS .3. A MICROSCOPIC THEORY OF TURBULENCE SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article AB Two novel procedures are applied to a reformulation of projection techniques in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. The time evolution of a spatially uniform system is treated in detail. We obtain and solve a sequence of kinetic equations, which can exhibit extremely irregular behavior, strongly suggestive of turbulence. The same techniques are applied to a uniform but anisotropic system, substantiating the validity of the procedures, The techniques and results strongly suggest a microscopic theory of turbulence emphasizing the role of molecular structure. These same ideas more than hint at a possible quantum basis of turbulence. C1 DATA TRANSPORT SYST,NEW YORK,NY 10021. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP MURIEL, A (reprint author), UNIV PHILIPPINES,NATL INST PHYS,QUEZON,PHILIPPINES. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 81 IS 3 BP 221 EP 236 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(94)00191-R PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA QK585 UT WOS:A1995QK58500002 ER PT J AU BEIERSDORFER, P NILSEN, J SCOFIELD, JH BITTER, M VONGOELER, S HILL, KW AF BEIERSDORFER, P NILSEN, J SCOFIELD, JH BITTER, M VONGOELER, S HILL, KW TI PHOTOPUMPING RESONANCE FOR MODIFYING THE KINETICS OF A NEON-LIKE LA47+ LASER SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID X-RAY TRANSITIONS; NICKEL-LIKE IONS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; LINE OVERLAP; SPECTRA; GAIN AB High-precision measurements are presented of an excellent resonance between the 3s(1/2) --> 2p(3/2) (J = 1) transition in neonlike La47+ and the 1s(21)S(0)-1s2p(1)P(1) line in heliumlike Ti20+. The measurements were carried out with a high-resolution crystal spectrometer on the PLT tokamak. Neonlike La47+ and heliumlike Ti20+ were produced and shown to coexist under the same plasma conditions. The difference between the two transitions was found to be 96 +/- 38 ppm. This value is several times less than the width of each transition expected from thermal broadening. The resonance can be used for selective modification of the kinetics of a proposed 57 Angstrom laser based on neonlike La47+. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP BEIERSDORFER, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 322 EP 325 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/51/3/006 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QN429 UT WOS:A1995QN42900006 ER PT J AU BOLLANTI, S DILAZZARO, P FLORA, F LETARDI, T PALLADINO, L REALE, A BATANI, D MAURI, A SCAFATI, A GRILLI, A FAENOV, AY PIKUZ, TA PIKUZ, SA OSTERHELD, A AF BOLLANTI, S DILAZZARO, P FLORA, F LETARDI, T PALLADINO, L REALE, A BATANI, D MAURI, A SCAFATI, A GRILLI, A FAENOV, AY PIKUZ, TA PIKUZ, SA OSTERHELD, A TI NA-LIKE AUTOIONIZATION STATES OF COPPER IONS IN PLASMA, HEATED BY EXCIMER-LASER SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX SPECTRA; TEMPERATURE AB A 100 ns excimer laser-produced copper plasma was used to investigate the Na-like Cu XIX n = 4-2 satellite emission in a higher density and lower temperature regime than previously studied. Theoretical model. calculations were used to identify a number of radiative transitions from autoionizing Na-like copper levels. These transitions were measured with an accuracy of 0.001 Angstrom. A comparison of these spectral measurements to spectra obtained from lower density Nd-glass laser-produced copper plsmas demonstrated the changing role of different excitation mechanisms for different plasma conditions. C1 CRE CASACCIA,DIP INN,FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV LAQUILA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-67100 LAQUILA,ITALY. INFN,LNGS,LAQUILA,ITALY. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,MILAN,ITALY. INFN,MILAN,ITALY. INST SUPER SANITA,FIS LAB,ROME,ITALY. INFN,ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. NPO VNIIFTRI,MISDC,MENDELEYEVSK,RUSSIA. PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. LLNL,LIVERMORE,CA. RP BOLLANTI, S (reprint author), ENEA,INNFIS,POB 65,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 326 EP 329 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/51/3/007 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QN429 UT WOS:A1995QN42900007 ER PT J AU LARSSON, M BROSTROM, L CARLSON, M DANARED, H DATZ, S MANNERVIK, S SUNDSTROM, G AF LARSSON, M BROSTROM, L CARLSON, M DANARED, H DATZ, S MANNERVIK, S SUNDSTROM, G TI DISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATION OF H-2(+) STUDIED IN CRYRING SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID SLOW-ELECTRONS; STORAGE-RING; COLLISIONS; H-2+; STATES; HD+; H2+ AB Dissociative recombinations of H-2(+) with electrons has been studied in the ion storage ring CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn Labooratory. The H-2(+) ions were stored at an energy of 6 MeV/u and phase-space cooled by 3.25 keV electrons. After 20 s of storage and cooling, dissociative recombination was studied over the energy range 0.005-60 eV. Advantage was taken of the new electron cooler design, which allows for a tenfold decrease of the transverse electron temperature. Resonance structures in the low-energy cross section were clearly observed and found in quite good agreement with theoretical results. C1 STOCKHOLM UNIV, MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB, S-10405 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP ROYAL INST TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS 1, S-10044 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 354 EP 358 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/51/3/013 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QN429 UT WOS:A1995QN42900013 ER PT J AU SCOTT, SD ERNST, DR MURAKAMI, M ADLER, H BELL, MG BUDNY, RV BUSH, CE CHANG, Z DUONG, H GRISHAM, LR FREDRICKSON, ED GREK, B HAWRYLUK, RJ HILL, KW HOSEA, J JASSBY, DL JOHNSON, DW JOHNSON, LC LOUGHLIN, MJ MANSFIELD, DK MCGUIRE, KM MEADE, DM MIKKELSEN, DM MURPHY, J PARK, HK RAMSEY, AT SCHIVELL, J SKINNER, CH STRACHAN, JD SYNAKOWSKI, EJ TAYLOR, G THOMPSON, ME WIELAND, R AF SCOTT, SD ERNST, DR MURAKAMI, M ADLER, H BELL, MG BUDNY, RV BUSH, CE CHANG, Z DUONG, H GRISHAM, LR FREDRICKSON, ED GREK, B HAWRYLUK, RJ HILL, KW HOSEA, J JASSBY, DL JOHNSON, DW JOHNSON, LC LOUGHLIN, MJ MANSFIELD, DK MCGUIRE, KM MEADE, DM MIKKELSEN, DM MURPHY, J PARK, HK RAMSEY, AT SCHIVELL, J SKINNER, CH STRACHAN, JD SYNAKOWSKI, EJ TAYLOR, G THOMPSON, ME WIELAND, R TI ISOTOPIC SCALING OF TRANSPORT IN DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM PLASMAS SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID TFTR AB Both global and thermal energy confinement improve in high-temperature supershot plasmas in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) when deuterium beam heating is partially or wholly replaced by tritium beam heating. For the same heating power, the tritium-rich plasmas obtain up to 22% higher total energy, 30% higher thermal ion energy, and 20-25% higher central ion temperature. Kinetic analysis of the temperature and density profiles indicates a favorable isotopic scaling of ion heat transport and electron particle transport, with tau(Ei)(a/2) proportional to [A](0.7-0.8) and tau(pe)(a) proportional to [A](0.8). RP SCOTT, SD (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010 OI Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809 NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/51/3/021 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QN429 UT WOS:A1995QN42900021 ER PT J AU WEISS, S BOTKIN, D OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, M CHEMLA, DS AF WEISS, S BOTKIN, D OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, M CHEMLA, DS TI THE ULTRAFAST RESPONSE OF A SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors (NOEKS IV) CY NOV 06-10, 1994 CL GOSEN, GERMANY ID TRANSMISSION-LINES; FORCE MICROSCOPE; TIME; JUNCTIONS; RESOLUTION; CURRENTS; GOLD AB The development of the ultrafast scanning tunneling microscope is reviewed. It is shown that the response of the tunneling gap of a scanning tunneling microscope to excitation by a subpicosecond electrical pulse has a capacitive component, the origin of which is quantum mechanical. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA. RP WEISS, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,MS 2-300,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 188 IS 1 BP 343 EP 359 DI 10.1002/pssb.2221880132 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QQ837 UT WOS:A1995QQ83700031 ER PT J AU SIEGNER, U MYCEK, MA GLUTSCH, S CHEMLA, DS AF SIEGNER, U MYCEK, MA GLUTSCH, S CHEMLA, DS TI ULTRAFAST NONLINEAR-OPTICAL RESPONSE OF FANO RESONANCES IN GAAS UNDER HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELD SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors (NOEKS IV) CY NOV 06-10, 1994 CL GOSEN, GERMANY AB The coherent dynamics of Fano resonances in GaAs are studied under magnetic field using femtosecond four-wave mixing (FWM). In this system Coulomb coupling between magnetoexciton and continuum states gives rise to Fano interference. By time-resolving the FWM signal it is shown that dephasing of the coherent emission from a Fano resonance is dominated by the coupling to the continuum. Unlike Lorentzian resonances, the decay of the time-integrated FWM signal is not related to dephasing. This surprising behavior is due to the interplay between Fano interference and Coulomb correlation in a semiconductor. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA. RP SIEGNER, U (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 188 IS 1 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1002/pssb.2221880133 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QQ837 UT WOS:A1995QQ83700032 ER PT J AU GROSSMANN, P FELDMANN, J GOBEL, EO THOMAS, P ARENT, DJ BERTNESS, KA OLSON, JM AF GROSSMANN, P FELDMANN, J GOBEL, EO THOMAS, P ARENT, DJ BERTNESS, KA OLSON, JM TI HOMOGENEOUS LINEWIDTHS OF EXCITONS IN HIGH AND LOW-BAND-GAP GA0.52IN0.48P SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors (NOEKS IV) CY NOV 06-10, 1994 CL GOSEN, GERMANY ID MULTIPLE-QUANTUM-WELLS; ORDERED GA0.5IN0.5P; PHOTON-ECHO; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ALLOYS; DEPENDENCE; POLARIZATION AB Photoluminescence and picosecond four-wave-mixing experiments are reported on Ga0.52In0.48P grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy on GaAs substrates. The spectral behavior of the homogeneous linewidth in the range of the inhomogeneously broadened band gap excitonic resonance is found to be different for a high band gap as compared to a low band gap structure. Whereas the former shows the normal alloy behavior, the behavior of the low band gap sample supports the assumption that its structure consists of ordered domains with varying degrees of order. This means in particular that the main origin of the inhomogeneous broadening is different for the high and low band gap cases. C1 UNIV MARBURG,CTR MAT SCI,D-35032 MARBURG,GERMANY. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP GROSSMANN, P (reprint author), UNIV MARBURG,DEPT PHYS,RENTHOF 5,D-35032 MARBURG,GERMANY. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 188 IS 1 BP 557 EP 563 DI 10.1002/pssb.2221880153 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QQ837 UT WOS:A1995QQ83700052 ER PT J AU GUCLU, MC WELLS, JC UMAR, AS STRAYER, MR ERNST, DJ AF GUCLU, MC WELLS, JC UMAR, AS STRAYER, MR ERNST, DJ TI IMPACT-PARAMETER DEPENDENCE OF MULTIPLE LEPTON-PAIR PRODUCTION FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ELECTRON-POSITRON PAIRS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; DILEPTON EMISSION; BEAMS C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP GUCLU, MC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR COMPUTAT INTENS PHYS,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013; Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253; Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 44 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1836 EP 1844 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.1836 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100020 ER PT J AU SUN, CP YU, LH AF SUN, CP YU, LH TI EXACT DYNAMICS OF A QUANTUM DISSIPATIVE SYSTEM IN A CONSTANT EXTERNAL-FIELD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LANGEVIN EQUATION; MOTION C1 NE NORMAL UNIV,INST THEORET PHYS,CHANGCHUN 130024,PEOPLES R CHINA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973. RP SUN, CP (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,INST THEORET PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. RI Sun, Chang-Pu/C-2344-2009 NR 21 TC 81 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1845 EP 1853 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.1845 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100021 ER PT J AU KUKLA, KW LIVINGSTON, AE SULEIMAN, J BERRY, HG DUNFORD, RW GEMMELL, DS KANTER, EP CHENG, S CURTIS, LJ AF KUKLA, KW LIVINGSTON, AE SULEIMAN, J BERRY, HG DUNFORD, RW GEMMELL, DS KANTER, EP CHENG, S CURTIS, LJ TI FINE-STRUCTURE ENERGIES FOR THE 1S2S S-3-1S2P P-3 TRANSITION IN HELIUM-LIKE AR16+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; 2S-2P TRANSITIONS; 2-ELECTRON IONS; TRIPLET-STATES; DIRAC-FOCK; LAMB-SHIFT; WAVELENGTHS; HE; SPECTROSCOPY; LIFETIME C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV TOLEDO,DEPT PHYS,TOLEDO,OH 43606. RP KUKLA, KW (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. NR 78 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1905 EP 1917 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.1905 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100028 ER PT J AU TALIN, B CALISTI, A GODBERT, L STAMM, R LEE, RW KLEIN, L AF TALIN, B CALISTI, A GODBERT, L STAMM, R LEE, RW KLEIN, L TI FREQUENCY-FLUCTUATION MODEL FOR LINE-SHAPE CALCULATIONS IN PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DENSE-PLASMAS; IONS; PROFILE C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. HOWARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CTR STUDY TERR & EXTRATERR ATMOSPHERES,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. RP TALIN, B (reprint author), UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 1,CTR ST JEROME,DEPT PHYS INTERACT & ION & MOLEC,CASE 232,F-13397 MARSEILLE 20,FRANCE. OI Calisti, Annette/0000-0001-6727-9286 NR 21 TC 142 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1918 EP 1928 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.1918 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100029 ER PT J AU BARNETT, RN JOHNSON, EM LESTER, WA AF BARNETT, RN JOHNSON, EM LESTER, WA TI QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO DETERMINATION OF THE LITHIUM 2(2)S-]2(2)P OSCILLATOR STRENGTH - HIGHER PRECISION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE; LI; ATOMS; TRANSITION; MOLECULES; LIFETIME; ENERGIES; DIPOLE C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BARNETT, RN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2049 EP 2052 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2049 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100045 ER PT J AU KIMURA, M GU, JP HIRSCH, G BUENKER, RJ AF KIMURA, M GU, JP HIRSCH, G BUENKER, RJ TI ELECTRON-CAPTURE IN COLLISIONS OF N+(S-5,P-3) WITH HE - THE EFFECT OF METASTABLE IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CI CALCULATIONS; ENERGY EXTRAPOLATION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; O+ IONS; N+ C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77251. BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,D-42097 WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. RP KIMURA, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2063 EP 2066 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2063 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100047 ER PT J AU PALATHINGAL, JC ASOKAKUMAR, P LYNN, KG WU, XY AF PALATHINGAL, JC ASOKAKUMAR, P LYNN, KG WU, XY TI NUCLEAR-CHARGE AND POSITRON-ENERGY DEPENDENCE OF THE SINGLE-QUANTUM ANNIHILATION OF POSITRONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONS; SHELL C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP UNIV PUERTO RICO, DEPT PHYS, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2122 EP 2130 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2122 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100055 ER PT J AU KERBY, GW GEALY, MW HSU, YY RUDD, ME SCHULTZ, DR REINHOLD, CO AF KERBY, GW GEALY, MW HSU, YY RUDD, ME SCHULTZ, DR REINHOLD, CO TI ENERGY AND ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS OF ELECTRONS FROM ION IMPACT ON ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN .2. 20-114-KEV H+ +H SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; PROTON COLLISIONS; IONIZATION; SPECTRA C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KERBY, GW (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 22 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2256 EP 2264 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2256 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100068 ER PT J AU RATOWSKY, RP LONDON, RA AF RATOWSKY, RP LONDON, RA TI PROPAGATION OF MUTUAL COHERENCE IN REFRACTIVE X-RAY LASERS USING A WKB METHOD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; OPTICS; GAIN RP RATOWSKY, RP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2361 EP 2370 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2361 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100083 ER PT J AU BASAVARAJU, G KANE, PP LAD, SM KISSEL, L PRATT, RH AF BASAVARAJU, G KANE, PP LAD, SM KISSEL, L PRATT, RH TI ELASTIC-SCATTERING OF 88.03-KEV GAMMA-RAYS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS GRP,DIV L,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP BASAVARAJU, G (reprint author), INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,BOMBAY 400076,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2608 EP 2610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.2608 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100105 ER PT J AU BAE, YK CHU, YY FRIEDMAN, L AF BAE, YK CHU, YY FRIEDMAN, L TI OBSERVATION OF ENHANCEMENT OF STOPPING POWER AND POSSIBLE HYDRODYNAMIC SHOCK, BEHAVIOR IN PENETRATION OF LARGE MOLECULES IN SOLIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID IONS C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1742 EP R1745 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA QN231 UT WOS:A1995QN23100006 ER PT J AU MORIARTY, JA ALTHOFF, JD AF MORIARTY, JA ALTHOFF, JD TI FIRST-PRINCIPLES TEMPERATURE-PRESSURE PHASE-DIAGRAM OF MAGNESIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED PSEUDOPOTENTIAL THEORY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMULATION; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; LIQUID-METALS; ALUMINUM; FLOW C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5609 EP 5616 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5609 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700001 ER PT J AU SKANTHAKUMAR, S LOONG, CK SODERHOLM, L RICHARDSON, JW ABRAHAM, MM BOATNER, LA AF SKANTHAKUMAR, S LOONG, CK SODERHOLM, L RICHARDSON, JW ABRAHAM, MM BOATNER, LA TI QUADRUPOLAR EFFECTS IN THE TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THE LATTICE-PARAMETERS OF HOP1-XVXO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPY SYSTEM DY(P1-XVX)O4; RARE-EARTH COMPOUNDS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; THERMAL-EXPANSION; PHOSPHATES; NEUTRON; ERPO4 C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP SKANTHAKUMAR, S (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5644 EP 5648 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5644 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700005 ER PT J AU BOHNEN, KP HEID, R HO, KM CHAN, CT AF BOHNEN, KP HEID, R HO, KM CHAN, CT TI AB-INITIO INVESTIGATION OF THE VIBRATIONAL AND GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID C-60 AND K3C60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; RAMAN-SCATTERING; INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; DOPED C-60; C60; MODES C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP BOHNEN, KP (reprint author), KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,INST NUKL FESTKORPERPHYS,POB 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5805 EP 5813 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5805 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700025 ER PT J AU SHARAPOV, EI FRANKLE, CM AF SHARAPOV, EI FRANKLE, CM TI NEUTRON DEPOLARIZATION IN ALIGNED HOLMIUM AND TESTS OF TIME-REVERSAL INVARIANCE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARITY C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SHARAPOV, EI (reprint author), JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5875 EP 5878 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5875 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700033 ER PT J AU MAHAN, GD AF MAHAN, GD TI 2 THEOREMS ON SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN TIGHT-BINDING METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRON-GAS; COULOMB INTERACTION; PLASMONS; MODEL; STATE; PHASE; TC C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MAHAN, GD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5908 EP 5913 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5908 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700038 ER PT J AU NORMAN, MR MACDONALD, AH AKERA, H AF NORMAN, MR MACDONALD, AH AKERA, H TI MAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS AND QUASI-PARTICLE BAND-STRUCTURE IN THE MIXED-STATE OF TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPIC GORKOV EQUATIONS; FIELD; LATTICE C1 INDIANA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. HOKKAIDO UNIV,FAC ENGN,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. RP NORMAN, MR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 54 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5927 EP 5942 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5927 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700040 ER PT J AU LARKIN, AI OVCHINNIKOV, YN AF LARKIN, AI OVCHINNIKOV, YN TI HALL-EFFECT IN TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SIGN REVERSAL C1 UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST THEORIE KONDENSIERTEN MAT, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 117940, RUSSIA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5965 EP 5972 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5965 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700044 ER PT J AU HAAS, S DAGOTTO, E NAZARENKO, A RIERA, J AF HAAS, S DAGOTTO, E NAZARENKO, A RIERA, J TI LIAISON BETWEEN SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND PHASE-SEPARATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID T-J MODEL; HUBBARD-MODEL; LIMIT; LA2NIO4+DELTA; LA2CUO4+DELTA; DIAGRAM; DELTA C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,SUPERCOMP COMPUTAT RES INST,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. INST FIS ROSARIO,RA-2000 ROSARIO,ARGENTINA. RP HAAS, S (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. RI Riera, Jose/A-1234-2008; Haas, Stephan/C-4103-2008 OI Riera, Jose/0000-0003-4546-1137; NR 36 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5989 EP 5993 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5989 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700047 ER PT J AU AMI, T CRAWFORD, MK HARLOW, RL WANG, ZR JOHNSTON, DC HUANG, Q ERWIN, RW AF AMI, T CRAWFORD, MK HARLOW, RL WANG, ZR JOHNSTON, DC HUANG, Q ERWIN, RW TI MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY AND LOW-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE OF THE LINEAR-CHAIN CUPRATE SR2CUO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; COPPER OXIDES; SYSTEMS; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; LA2CUO4; STATE C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. SONY CORP,RES CTR,HODOGAYA KU,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 240,JAPAN. RP AMI, T (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 39 TC 141 Z9 142 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 5994 EP 6001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5994 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700048 ER PT J AU SAUERZOPF, FM WIESINGER, HP WEBER, HW CRABTREE, GW AF SAUERZOPF, FM WIESINGER, HP WEBER, HW CRABTREE, GW TI ANALYSIS OF PINNING EFFECTS IN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS AFTER FAST-NEUTRON IRRADIATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUX; CASCADES C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP SAUERZOPF, FM (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA,ATOMINST,A-1020 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. NR 28 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 6002 EP 6012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6002 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700049 ER PT J AU SOK, JY XU, M CHEN, W SUH, BJ GOHNG, J FINNEMORE, DK KRAMER, MJ SCHWARTZKOPF, LA DABROWSKI, B AF SOK, JY XU, M CHEN, W SUH, BJ GOHNG, J FINNEMORE, DK KRAMER, MJ SCHWARTZKOPF, LA DABROWSKI, B TI REVERSIBLE MAGNETIZATION, CRITICAL FIELDS, AND VORTEX STRUCTURE IN GRAIN-ALIGNED YBA2CU4O8 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUCTUATIONS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; MODEL; LINE C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. MANKATO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MANKATO,MN 56002. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP SOK, JY (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 6035 EP 6040 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6035 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700053 ER PT J AU BENKRAOUDA, M LEDVIJ, M AF BENKRAOUDA, M LEDVIJ, M TI VORTEX LATTICE STRUCTURE IN LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTICES; FIELD C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP BENKRAOUDA, M (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 6123 EP 6126 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6123 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700069 ER PT J AU LIU, R DING, H CAMPUZANO, JC WANG, HH WILLIAMS, JM CARLSON, KD AF LIU, R DING, H CAMPUZANO, JC WANG, HH WILLIAMS, JM CARLSON, KD TI UNUSUAL ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE NEAR E(F) IN THE ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR KAPPA-[BIS(ETHYLEHEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE]CU-2[N(CN)(2)]BR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID PHOTOEMISSION; SURFACE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CU(NCS)2; STM C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LIU, R (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Campuzano, Juan Carlos/G-4358-2012 NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 6155 EP 6158 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6155 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700077 ER PT J AU TREES, BR FEDRO, AJ NORMAN, MR AF TREES, BR FEDRO, AJ NORMAN, MR TI MULTIPLET EFFECTS IN THE QUASI-PARTICLE BAND-STRUCTURE OF THE F(1)-F(2) ANDERSON MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID HEAVY-FERMION SYSTEMS; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; VALENCE; LATTICE; IMPURITY; METALS C1 NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP TREES, BR (reprint author), MONMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS,MONMOUTH,IL 61462, USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 9 BP 6167 EP 6170 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6167 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QL717 UT WOS:A1995QL71700080 ER PT J AU FULLERTON, EE STOEFFLER, D OUNADJELA, K HEINRICH, B CELINSKI, Z BLAND, JAC AF FULLERTON, EE STOEFFLER, D OUNADJELA, K HEINRICH, B CELINSKI, Z BLAND, JAC TI STRUCTURE AND MAGNETISM OF EPITAXIALLY STRAINED PD(001) FILMS ON FE(001) - EXPERIMENT AND THEORY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN FE(001)/PD(001)/FE(001) STRUCTURES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EXCHANGE; PD; SUPERLATTICES; INTERFACE; MULTILAYERS; PALLADIUM; GROWTH; ANISOTROPIES C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. INST PHYS & CHIM MAT STRASBOURG,CNRS,UMR 46,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. SIMON FRASER UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BURNABY,BC V5A 1S6,CANADA. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,CAVENDISH LAB,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE,ENGLAND. RP FULLERTON, EE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013; Stoeffler, Daniel/I-1145-2016 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509; NR 65 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6364 EP 6378 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6364 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000021 ER PT J AU PENN, DR LEWIS, SP COHEN, ML AF PENN, DR LEWIS, SP COHEN, ML TI TOTAL-DIELECTRIC-FUNCTION APPROACH TO ELECTRON AND PHONON RESPONSE IN SOLIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS; SIGN C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP PENN, DR (reprint author), NIST,TECHNOL ADM,DEPT COMMERCE,DIV ELECTRON & OPT PHYS,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6500 EP 6514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6500 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000030 ER PT J AU BUSSMANNHOLDER, A BISHOP, AR AF BUSSMANNHOLDER, A BISHOP, AR TI ANHARMONICITY IN THE C-DIRECTION OF HIGH-T-C OXIDES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; LOCAL STRUCTURAL-CHANGE; OXYGEN; TRANSITION; STATES; MODEL C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP BUSSMANNHOLDER, A (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, HEISENBERGSTR 1, D-70569 STUTTGART, GERMANY. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6640 EP 6644 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6640 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000043 ER PT J AU NOVIKOV, DL FREEMAN, AJ JORGENSEN, JD AF NOVIKOV, DL FREEMAN, AJ JORGENSEN, JD TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF SUPERCONDUCTORS WITHOUT APICAL OXYGEN - SR2CUO2F2, SR2CUO2CL2, AND CA2CUO2CL2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VANHOVE SINGULARITIES; FERMI-SURFACE C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60438. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60438. RP NOVIKOV, DL (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 12 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6675 EP 6679 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6675 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000047 ER PT J AU SANCHEZ, A DOMINGUEZADAME, F BERMAN, G IZRAILEV, F AF SANCHEZ, A DOMINGUEZADAME, F BERMAN, G IZRAILEV, F TI EXPLANATION OF DELOCALIZATION IN THE CONTINUOUS RANDOM-DIMER MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID LOCALIZATION; ABSENCE C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,FAC FIS,DEPT FIS MAT,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. NOVOSIBIRSK NUCL PHYS INST,NOVOSIBIRSK 630090,RUSSIA. RP SANCHEZ, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,COMPLEX SYST GRP T13,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Sanchez, Angel/A-9229-2008; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/E-4277-2010 OI Sanchez, Angel/0000-0003-1874-2881; Dominguez-Adame, Francisco/0000-0002-5256-4196 NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6769 EP 6772 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6769 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000069 ER PT J AU ADRIAN, SD REEVES, ME WOLF, SA KRESIN, VZ AF ADRIAN, SD REEVES, ME WOLF, SA KRESIN, VZ TI PENETRATION DEPTH IN LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS - APPLICATION TO THE CUPRATES AND CONVENTIONAL MULTILAYERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; THIN-FILMS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; STATE C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP ADRIAN, SD (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20052 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 10 BP 6800 EP 6803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.6800 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN230 UT WOS:A1995QN23000077 ER PT J AU RILEY, MA BROWN, TB JOHNSON, NR AKOVALI, YA BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HENSLEY, DC LEE, IY MCGOWAN, FK VIRTANEN, A WHITLEY, ME SIMPSON, J CHATURVEDI, L COURTNEY, LH JANZEN, VP RIEDINGER, LL BENGTSSON, T AF RILEY, MA BROWN, TB JOHNSON, NR AKOVALI, YA BAKTASH, C HALBERT, ML HENSLEY, DC LEE, IY MCGOWAN, FK VIRTANEN, A WHITLEY, ME SIMPSON, J CHATURVEDI, L COURTNEY, LH JANZEN, VP RIEDINGER, LL BENGTSSON, T TI ALIGNMENTS, SHAPE CHANGES, AND BAND TERMINATIONS IN TM-157 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; YRAST LINE; NUCLEI; YB-158; SPECTROSCOPY; DY-154; REGION; STATE; SM C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. LUND INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. RP RILEY, MA (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. OI Virtanen, Ari/0000-0002-6591-6787 NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1234 EP 1246 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1234 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200026 ER PT J AU ESBENSEN, H BROWN, BA SAGAWA, H AF ESBENSEN, H BROWN, BA SAGAWA, H TI POSITIVE PARITY STATES IN BE-11 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; NEUTRON HALO; NUCLEI; C-13 C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV AIZU,CTR MATH SCI,FUKUSHIMA 965,JAPAN. RP ESBENSEN, H (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 22 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1274 EP 1279 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1274 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200031 ER PT J AU SANGSTER, TC BEGEMANNBLAICH, M BLAICH, T BRITT, HC HANSEN, LF NAMBOODIRI, MN PEILERT, G AF SANGSTER, TC BEGEMANNBLAICH, M BLAICH, T BRITT, HC HANSEN, LF NAMBOODIRI, MN PEILERT, G TI CORRELATIONS OF INTERMEDIATE-MASS FRAGMENTS FROM FE+TA, AN, AND TH COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HIGHLY EXCITED NUCLEI; MULTIFRAGMENT EMISSION; TIME-SCALE; STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; BREAK-UP; DECAY; MODEL; SIMULATION C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64220 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. RP SANGSTER, TC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1280 EP 1294 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1280 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200032 ER PT J AU LLOPE, WJ CONRAD, JA MADER, CM PEILERT, G BAUER, W CRAIG, D GUALTIERI, E HANNUSCHKE, S LACEY, RA LAURET, J LI, T NADASEN, A NORBECK, E PAK, R STONE, NTB VANDERMOLEN, AM WESTFALL, GD YEE, J YENNELLO, SJ AF LLOPE, WJ CONRAD, JA MADER, CM PEILERT, G BAUER, W CRAIG, D GUALTIERI, E HANNUSCHKE, S LACEY, RA LAURET, J LI, T NADASEN, A NORBECK, E PAK, R STONE, NTB VANDERMOLEN, AM WESTFALL, GD YEE, J YENNELLO, SJ TI AUTO CORRELATIONS AND INTERMEDIATE-MASS-FRAGMENT MULTIPLICITIES IN CENTRAL HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; E/A = 50; MULTIFRAGMENT EMISSION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION; AR-36+AU-197 COLLISIONS; EXCITATION-ENERGY; TIME-SCALE; MODEL; TRANSITION C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT CHEM, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT PHYS, DEARBORN, MI 48128 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV, INST CYCLOTRON, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. RI Yennello, Sherry/B-5803-2015 OI Yennello, Sherry/0000-0003-3963-5217 NR 65 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1325 EP 1335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1325 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200037 ER PT J AU WANG, Y YANG, X RAPAPORT, J GOODMAN, CD DELUCIA, SL LUTHER, BA MARCHLENSKI, DG PARK, BK RYBARCYK, L SMITH, A SUGARBAKER, E TADDEUCCI, T WANG, L AF WANG, Y YANG, X RAPAPORT, J GOODMAN, CD DELUCIA, SL LUTHER, BA MARCHLENSKI, DG PARK, BK RYBARCYK, L SMITH, A SUGARBAKER, E TADDEUCCI, T WANG, L TI STUDY OF THE (1/2)(GS)(-)-](1/2)(1)(+) TRANSITION IN THE C-13(P,N)N-13 REACTION AT INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; C-13 C1 OHIO UNIV,ATHENS,OH 45701. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP WANG, Y (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,CYCLOTRON FACIL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1345 EP 1347 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1345 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200039 ER PT J AU CHINN, CR ELSTER, C THALER, RM WEPPNER, SP AF CHINN, CR ELSTER, C THALER, RM WEPPNER, SP TI APPLICATION OF MULTIPLE-SCATTERING THEORY TO LOWER-ENERGY ELASTIC NUCLEON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MOMENTUM C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR COMPUTATIONALLY INTENS PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OHIO UNIV,INST NUCL & PARTICLE PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701. OHIO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP CHINN, CR (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. RI Elster, Charlotte/N-9845-2015 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1418 EP 1424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1418 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200048 ER PT J AU DOWELL, ML FONG, W MATTHEWS, JL PARK, H WANG, M YULY, ME KINNEY, ER GRAM, PAM ROBERTS, DA REBKA, GA AF DOWELL, ML FONG, W MATTHEWS, JL PARK, H WANG, M YULY, ME KINNEY, ER GRAM, PAM ROBERTS, DA REBKA, GA TI MEASUREMENT OF THE H-3(PI(+),HE-3)PI(O) DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION AT T-PI=142-MEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID CHARGE-EXCHANGE SCATTERING; HE-3; TRINUCLEON; PIONS C1 MIT,NUCL SCI LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PHYS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV WYOMING,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LARAMIE,WY 82071. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1551 EP 1553 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.51.1551 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200062 ER PT J AU ALBERT, M ATHANASSOPOULOS, C AUERBACH, LB BAUER, D BOLTON, R BOYD, B BURMAN, RL COHEN, I CALDWELL, DO DIETERLE, BD DONAHUE, JB EISNER, AM FAZELY, A FEDERSPIEL, FJ GARVEY, GT GUNASINGHA, RM HIGHLAND, V HILL, J IMLAY, R JOHNSTON, K LOUIS, WC LU, A MANN, AK MARGULIES, J MCILHANY, K METCALF, W REEDER, RA SANDBERG, V SCHILLACI, M SMITH, D STANCU, I STROSSMAN, W SULLIVAN, MK VANDALEN, GJ VERNON, W WANG, YX WHITE, DH WHITEHOUSE, D WORKS, D XIAO, Y YELLIN, S AF ALBERT, M ATHANASSOPOULOS, C AUERBACH, LB BAUER, D BOLTON, R BOYD, B BURMAN, RL COHEN, I CALDWELL, DO DIETERLE, BD DONAHUE, JB EISNER, AM FAZELY, A FEDERSPIEL, FJ GARVEY, GT GUNASINGHA, RM HIGHLAND, V HILL, J IMLAY, R JOHNSTON, K LOUIS, WC LU, A MANN, AK MARGULIES, J MCILHANY, K METCALF, W REEDER, RA SANDBERG, V SCHILLACI, M SMITH, D STANCU, I STROSSMAN, W SULLIVAN, MK VANDALEN, GJ VERNON, W WANG, YX WHITE, DH WHITEHOUSE, D WORKS, D XIAO, Y YELLIN, S TI MEASUREMENT OF THE REACTION C-12(NU(MU),MU(-))X NEAR-THRESHOLD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID ELECTRON-NEUTRINO; CAPTURE RATES; SCATTERING; DETECTOR; NUCLEI; ENERGY; FLUX C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF STANFORD,INTERCAMPUS INST RES PARTICLE ACCELERATORS,STANFORD,CA 94309. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,PRESCOTT,AZ 86301. LINFIELD COLL,MCMINNVILLE,OR 97128. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS H846,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. LOUISIANA TECH UNIV,RUSTON,LA 71272. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SOUTHERN UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70813. TEMPLE UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122. RP ALBERT, M (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 26 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1065 EP R1069 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200005 ER PT J AU ARBANAS, G CHADWICK, MB DIETRICH, FS KERMAN, AK AF ARBANAS, G CHADWICK, MB DIETRICH, FS KERMAN, AK TI LINKING OF DIRECT AND COMPOUND CHAINS IN MULTISTEP NUCLEAR-REACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID EMISSION CROSS-SECTIONS; ENERGY; NB-93 C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV NUCL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ARBANAS, G (reprint author), MIT,NUCL SCI LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1078 EP R1082 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200008 ER PT J AU CLARK, RM BOUNEAU, S AZAIEZ, F ASZTALOS, S BECKER, JA CEDERWALL, B DELEPLANQUE, MA DIAMOND, RM DUPRAT, J FALLON, P FARRIS, LP HENRY, EA HUGHES, JR KELLY, WH LEE, IY MACCHIAVELLI, AO PORQUET, MG SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF STEPHENS, FS STOYER, MA VO, DT WILSON, AN AF CLARK, RM BOUNEAU, S AZAIEZ, F ASZTALOS, S BECKER, JA CEDERWALL, B DELEPLANQUE, MA DIAMOND, RM DUPRAT, J FALLON, P FARRIS, LP HENRY, EA HUGHES, JR KELLY, WH LEE, IY MACCHIAVELLI, AO PORQUET, MG SHARPEYSCHAFER, JF STEPHENS, FS STOYER, MA VO, DT WILSON, AN TI SUPERDEFORMATION IN THE BISMUTH NUCLEI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID BANDS; STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; MOMENTS; PB-196; HG-193 C1 INST PHYS NUCL LYON,INST NATL PHYS NUCL & PHYS PARTICULES,CNRS,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. CTR SPECTROMETRIE NUCL & SPECTROMETRIE MASSE,INST NATL PHYS NUCL & PHYS PARTICLE,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. RP CLARK, RM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014 OI Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656 NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1052 EP R1056 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200002 ER PT J AU DOBACZEWSKI, J NAZAREWICZ, W AF DOBACZEWSKI, J NAZAREWICZ, W TI LIMITS OF PROTON STABILITY NEAR SN-100 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID ATOMIC MASS EVALUATION; NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS; MODEL C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST THEORET PHYS, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1070 EP R1073 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200006 ER PT J AU LEDDY, MJ FREEMAN, SJ DURELL, JL SMITH, AG WARBURTON, SJ BLUMENTHAL, DJ DAVIDS, CN LISTER, CJ PENTTILA, HT AF LEDDY, MJ FREEMAN, SJ DURELL, JL SMITH, AG WARBURTON, SJ BLUMENTHAL, DJ DAVIDS, CN LISTER, CJ PENTTILA, HT TI ALPHA-DECAY OF A NEW ISOTOPE, RA-204 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV JYVASKYLA,SF-40100 JYVASKYLA,FINLAND. RP LEDDY, MJ (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER,SCHUSTER LAB,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Penttila, Heikki/A-4420-2013 OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1047 EP R1051 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200001 ER PT J AU NISIUS, D JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL AHMAD, I BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B GASSMANN, D LAURITSEN, T MA, WC HAMILTON, JH RAMAYYA, AV BHATTACHARYYA, P ZHANG, CT DALY, PJ GRABOWSKI, ZW MAYER, RH AF NISIUS, D JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL AHMAD, I BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B GASSMANN, D LAURITSEN, T MA, WC HAMILTON, JH RAMAYYA, AV BHATTACHARYYA, P ZHANG, CT DALY, PJ GRABOWSKI, ZW MAYER, RH TI SUPERDEFORMED BAND IN DY-154 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID ENERGIES; REGION; STATES; LINE C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP NISIUS, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1061 EP R1064 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200004 ER PT J AU WU, CL FENG, DH GUIDRY, MW CHEN, HT PAN, XW AF WU, CL FENG, DH GUIDRY, MW CHEN, HT PAN, XW TI SINGLE-PARTICLE NONDEGENERACY AND SU(3) FERMION DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID MODEL; NUCLEI C1 DREXEL UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ATMOSPHER SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WU, CL (reprint author), CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CHUNGLI 32023,TAIWAN. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP R1086 EP R1089 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QN152 UT WOS:A1995QN15200010 ER PT J AU SCHLUMPF, F AF SCHLUMPF, F TI BETA-DECAY OF HYPERONS IN A RELATIVISTIC QUARK-MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SU(3) BREAKING; SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; MATRIX; DYNAMICS; ELEMENTS; BARYONS; NUCLEON; VUS RP SCHLUMPF, F (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 5 BP 2262 EP 2270 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.51.2262 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QM371 UT WOS:A1995QM37100024 ER PT J AU LUTY, MA AF LUTY, MA TI BARYONS WITH MANY COLORS AND FLAVORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; STRONG-COUPLING THEORY; LARGE-N-QCD; = JT RULE; SCATTERING; SYMMETRY; U(1); CHROMODYNAMICS; CONFINEMENT; SOLITON C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, INST THEORET PHYS, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 5 BP 2322 EP 2331 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.51.2322 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QM371 UT WOS:A1995QM37100031 ER PT J AU COOPER, F KLUGER, Y MOTTOLA, E PAZ, JP AF COOPER, F KLUGER, Y MOTTOLA, E PAZ, JP TI QUANTUM EVOLUTION OF DISORIENTED CHIRAL CONDENSATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL RAPIDITY REGION; FIELD-THEORY; HIGH-ENERGY; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LARGE-N; GEV-C; MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM; COLLISIONS C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. DEPT PHYS, RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES, DF, ARGENTINA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 58 TC 143 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 5 BP 2377 EP 2397 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.51.2377 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QM371 UT WOS:A1995QM37100038 ER PT J AU DUNIETZ, I ROSNER, JL AF DUNIETZ, I ROSNER, JL TI ISOSPIN CONSIDERATIONS IN CORRELATIONS OF PIONS AND B-MESONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP DUNIETZ, I (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,THEORY GRP,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 5 BP 2471 EP 2474 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.51.2471 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QM371 UT WOS:A1995QM37100049 ER PT J AU CHO, P WISE, MB TRIVEDI, SP AF CHO, P WISE, MB TRIVEDI, SP TI GLUON FRAGMENTATION INTO POLARIZED CHARMONIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID QUARK FRAGMENTATION; MESONS C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP CHO, P (reprint author), CALTECH,LAURITSEN LAB,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 16 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 5 BP R2039 EP R2043 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA QM371 UT WOS:A1995QM37100001 ER PT J AU SUNDARAM, B MILONNI, PW AF SUNDARAM, B MILONNI, PW TI CHAOS AND LOW-ORDER CORRECTIONS TO CLASSICAL MECHANICS OR GEOMETRICAL-OPTICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DRIVEN MORSE OSCILLATOR; WAVE PACKET DYNAMICS; QUANTUM-SYSTEMS; SEMICLASSICAL DYNAMICS; STOCHASTICITY; EXCITATION; ATOMS C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR THEORET PHYS,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RI Sundaram, Bala/A-6532-2010 OI Sundaram, Bala/0000-0002-1728-704X NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1971 EP 1982 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.1971 PN A PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP252 UT WOS:A1995QP25200041 ER PT J AU WU, L ZHOU, B GARLAND, CW BELLINI, T SCHAEFER, DW AF WU, L ZHOU, B GARLAND, CW BELLINI, T SCHAEFER, DW TI HEAT-CAPACITY STUDY OF NEMATIC-ISOTROPIC AND NEMATIC-SMECTIC-A TRANSITIONS FOR OCTYLCYANOBIPHENYL IN SILICA AEROGELS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ORIENTATIONAL ORDER; CRITICAL-DYNAMICS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; DENSITY; 8CB; SCATTERING; SYSTEMS; FIELDS C1 MIT,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,CTR MAT SCI & ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO ELETTRON,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI Bellini, Tommaso/M-5510-2014 OI Bellini, Tommaso/0000-0003-4898-4400 NR 41 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2157 EP 2165 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.2157 PN A PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP252 UT WOS:A1995QP25200063 ER PT J AU GOYAL, PS MENON, SVG DASANNACHARYA, BA THIYAGARAJAN, P AF GOYAL, PS MENON, SVG DASANNACHARYA, BA THIYAGARAJAN, P TI SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY OF MICELLAR STRUCTURE AND INTERPARTICLE INTERACTIONS IN TRITON X-100 SOLUTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONIONIC-AMPHIPHILE SOLUTIONS; HARD-SPHERE MODEL; CLOUD POINT; SURFACTANT; SHAPE C1 BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,DIV THEORET PHYS,BOMBAY 400085,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSED NEURON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP GOYAL, PS (reprint author), BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,DIV SOLID STATE PHYS,BOMBAY 400085,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. NR 29 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2308 EP 2315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.2308 PN A PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP252 UT WOS:A1995QP25200078 ER PT J AU VISNJIC, V AF VISNJIC, V TI LOCAL DISPERSION INSERT FOR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article RP VISNJIC, V (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2465 EP 2471 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.2465 PN B PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP254 UT WOS:A1995QP25400010 ER PT J AU PARZEN, G AF PARZEN, G TI SYMPLECTIC TRACKING USING POINT MAGNETS AND A REFERENCE ORBIT MADE OF CIRCULAR ARCS AND STRAIGHT-LINES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article RP PARZEN, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RHIC PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2485 EP 2492 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.2485 PN B PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP254 UT WOS:A1995QP25400013 ER PT J AU GYURE, MF FERER, MV EDWARDS, BF HUBER, G AF GYURE, MF FERER, MV EDWARDS, BF HUBER, G TI MASS-DISTRIBUTION ON CLUSTERS AT THE PERCOLATION-THRESHOLD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Note ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION EVOLUTION; COAL COMBUSTION; SCALING THEORY; POROUS-MEDIA; 3 DIMENSIONS; FRAGMENTATION; SIMULATION; EQUATION; SURFACES C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GYURE, MF (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CTR POLYMER STUDIES,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 2632 EP 2635 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.2632 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA QP254 UT WOS:A1995QP25400029 ER PT J AU FENG, JQ BASARAN, OA AF FENG, JQ BASARAN, OA TI INTERACTIONS BETWEEN 2 ELECTRIFIED LIQUID COLUMNS PINNED ON A DIELECTRIC SOLID-SURFACE SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID SESSILE DROPS; STABILITY; PENDANT; SHAPES; FIELD C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 3 BP 667 EP 679 DI 10.1063/1.868589 PG 13 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA QH871 UT WOS:A1995QH87100018 ER PT J AU MATTOR, N AF MATTOR, N TI COORDINATE SYSTEM FOR USE AROUND AN X-POINT SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article RP MATTOR, N (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 3 BP 594 EP 598 DI 10.1063/1.871411 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QK927 UT WOS:A1995QK92700002 ER PT J AU XU, XQ COHEN, RH CROTINGER, JA SHESTAKOV, AI AF XU, XQ COHEN, RH CROTINGER, JA SHESTAKOV, AI TI FLUID SIMULATIONS OF NONLOCAL DISSIPATIVE DRIFT-WAVE TURBULENCE SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DRIVEN TURBULENCE; TRANSPORT; PLASMAS RP XU, XQ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 3 BP 686 EP 701 DI 10.1063/1.871420 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QK927 UT WOS:A1995QK92700012 ER PT J AU LEBLANC, B BATHA, S BELL, R BEMABEI, S BLUSH, L DELALUNA, E DOERNER, R DUNLAP, J ENGLAND, A GARCIA, I IGNAT, D ISLER, R JONES, S KAITA, R KAYE, S KUGEL, H LEVINTON, F LUCKHARDT, S MUTOH, T OKABAYASHI, M ONO, M PAOLETTI, F PAUL, S PETRAVICH, G POSTZWICKER, A SAUTHOFF, N SCHMITZ, L SESNIC, S TAKAHASHI, H TALVARD, M TIGHE, W TYNAN, G VONGOELER, S WOSKOV, P ZOLFAGHARI, A AF LEBLANC, B BATHA, S BELL, R BEMABEI, S BLUSH, L DELALUNA, E DOERNER, R DUNLAP, J ENGLAND, A GARCIA, I IGNAT, D ISLER, R JONES, S KAITA, R KAYE, S KUGEL, H LEVINTON, F LUCKHARDT, S MUTOH, T OKABAYASHI, M ONO, M PAOLETTI, F PAUL, S PETRAVICH, G POSTZWICKER, A SAUTHOFF, N SCHMITZ, L SESNIC, S TAKAHASHI, H TALVARD, M TIGHE, W TYNAN, G VONGOELER, S WOSKOV, P ZOLFAGHARI, A TI ACTIVE CORE PROFILE AND TRANSPORT MODIFICATION BY APPLICATION OF ION BERNSTEIN WAVE POWER IN THE PRINCETON BETA-EXPERIMENT-MODIFICATION SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PBX-M TOKAMAK; PLASMA; PERFORMANCE; CONFINEMENT; INJECTION C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,PLASMA PHYS LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CTR INVEST ENERGET MEDIOAMBIENTALES & TECHNOL,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FUS PHYS & TECHNOL,TORRANCE,CA 90503. NATL INST FUS SCI,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 46401,JAPAN. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,PARTICLE & NUCL PHYS RES INST,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. CEN CADARACHE,DEPT RECH FUS CONTROLEE,F-13108 ST PAUL DURANCE,FRANCE. RP LEBLANC, B (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,FORRESTAL CAMPUS,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. OI Isler, Ralph/0000-0002-5368-7200 NR 30 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 3 BP 741 EP 751 DI 10.1063/1.871426 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QK927 UT WOS:A1995QK92700019 ER PT J AU MATTOR, N AF MATTOR, N TI DRIFT-WAVE PROPAGATION AS A SOURCE OF PLASMA EDGE TURBULENCE - TOROIDAL THEORY SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID L-H TRANSITION; POLOIDAL ROTATION; ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK PLASMA; MODE; FLUCTUATIONS; MICROTURBULENCE; EIGENMODES; SPECTRUM; FIELD RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 3 BP 766 EP 776 DI 10.1063/1.871429 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QK927 UT WOS:A1995QK92700022 ER PT J AU KINSEY, J SINGER, C DJEMIL, T COX, D BATEMAN, G AF KINSEY, J SINGER, C DJEMIL, T COX, D BATEMAN, G TI SYSTEMATIC COMPARISON OF A THEORY-BASED TRANSPORT MODEL WITH A MULTI-TOKAMAK PROFILE DATABASE SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE BALLOONING MODES; GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; ENERGY CONFINEMENT; PLASMA TRANSPORT; HIGH-BETA; DISCHARGES; CODE; ASDEX; SIMULATIONS; DENSITY C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT STAT,HOUSTON,TX 77251. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP KINSEY, J (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT NUCL ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 3 BP 811 EP 824 DI 10.1063/1.871433 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QK927 UT WOS:A1995QK92700027 ER PT J AU DIFRANCESCO, P GINSPARG, P ZINNJUSTIN, J AF DIFRANCESCO, P GINSPARG, P ZINNJUSTIN, J TI 2D GRAVITY AND RANDOM MATRICES SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID 2-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM-GRAVITY; TRIANGULATED RANDOM SURFACES; CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORIES; PLANAR RANDOM LATTICE; LEE EDGE SINGULARITY; LARGE-ORDER BEHAVIOR; ISING-MODEL; STRING THEORY; O(N) MODEL; NONPERTURBATIVE ANALYSIS AB We review recent progress in 2D gravity coupled to d < 1 conformal matter, based on a representation of discrete gravity in terms of random matrices. We discuss the saddle point approximation for these models, including a class of related O(n) matrix models. For d < 1 matter, the matrix problem can be completely solved in many cases by the introduction of suitable orthogonal polynomials. Alternatively, in the continuum limit the orthogonal polynomial method can be shown to be equivalent to the construction of representations of the canonical commutation relations in terms of differential operators. In the case of pure gravity or discrete Ising-like matter, the sum over topologies is reduced to the solution of nonlinear differential equations (the Painleve equation in the pure gravity case) which can be shown to follow from an action principle. In the case of pure gravity and more generally all unitary models, the perturbation theory is not Borel summable and therefore alone does not define a unique solution. In the non-Borel summable case, the matrix model does not define the sum over topologies beyond perturbation theory. We also review the computation of correlation functions directly in the continuum formulation of matter coupled to 2D gravity, and compare with the matrix model results. Finally, we review the relation between matrix models and topological gravity, and as well the relation to intersection theory of the moduli space of punctured Riemann surfaces. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DIFRANCESCO, P (reprint author), CEA SACLAY,SERV PHYS THEOR,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NR 133 TC 552 Z9 554 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 254 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 133 PG 133 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QN287 UT WOS:A1995QN28700001 ER PT J AU SHEN, ZX DESSAU, DS AF SHEN, ZX DESSAU, DS TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND PHOTOEMISSION-STUDIES OF LATE TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES - MOTT INSULATORS AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID ANGLE-RESOLVED-PHOTOEMISSION; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; KRONIG AUGER DECAY; BI2SR2CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; VALENCE-BAND PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTRAL WEIGHT TRANSFER; FERMI-SURFACE TOPOLOGY; TRIVALENT CU COMPOUNDS AB Stimulated by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity, the electronic structure of late 3d transition-metal oxides is presently one of the most extensively studied subjects in condensed matter physics. In this review, we hope to summarize the progress we have made and the problems we are facing. The emphasis of the review is on the latest angle-resolved photoemission studies that have provided much insight towards the understanding of these materials. This includes the recent experiments from transition-metal mono-oxides, normal state electronic structure and Fermi surface mapping of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, Bi2Sr2CuO6+delta, YBa2Cu3O7-x, YBa2Cu4O8, Nd2-xCexCuO4, and the superconducting gap of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+delta). For the transition-metal mono-oxides, we discuss the experimental manifestation of the four aspects of the electronic structure that make these Mott-Hubbard insulators so interesting. This includes the large Coulomb interaction U (on the cation sites), the charge transfer as a result of strong hybridization, the energy dispersion in the crystal lattice, and the multiplet and magnetic splittings. For the high-temperature superconductors, we concentrate on the low energy excitations, the topology of the Fermi surface in the normal state, and the superconducting gap. Angle-resolved photoemission data show that the oxide superconductors have well defined Fermi surfaces. The volume of the Fermi surface in the high doping regime appears to be consistent with the results of band calculations. A striking feature of the low energy excitations is the presence of some very flat bands (due to a saddle point singularity in the band structure) which lie near the Fermi energy in p-type compounds near their optimal doping levels for superconductivity. The corresponding flat bands are well below the Fermi energy in n-type cuprates. The energy position of these flat bands is expected to have wide ranging effects on the physical properties of these materials, including the temperature dependence of the resistivity and the superconducting transition temperature. High-resolution photoemission has also been successfully applied to the study of the superconducting gap in Bi2ST2CaCU2O(8+delta). While the presently attainable energy resolution is poorer than that of many other spectroscopies, photoemission has the advantage that it is k-resolved as well as being very direct. This unique capability has enabled recent photoemission experiments to reveal the highly anisotropic nature of the superconducting gap in the a-b plane. This suggests the possibility of a detailed experimental determination of the superconducting order parameter. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RP STANFORD UNIV, DEPT APPL PHYS, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NR 336 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 6 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 253 IS 1-3 BP 2 EP 162 PG 161 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QK063 UT WOS:A1995QK06300001 ER PT J AU DRELL, S AF DRELL, S TI DRELL DEFENDS URGING US CONTRIBUTION TO LHC SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP DRELL, S (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1995 VL 48 IS 3 BP 13 EP 15 DI 10.1063/1.2807933 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QM377 UT WOS:A1995QM37700003 ER PT J AU SHANK, CV AF SHANK, CV TI DONT HYPE INDUSTRIAL GAINS FROM GOVT LABS - REPLY SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP SHANK, CV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1995 VL 48 IS 3 BP 121 EP 122 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QM377 UT WOS:A1995QM37700020 ER PT J AU MARRS, RE BEIERSDORFER, P SCHNEIDER, D AF MARRS, RE BEIERSDORFER, P SCHNEIDER, D TI LLNL ION-TRAP EXPTS AUSTRIAN APPARATUS SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP MARRS, RE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 1995 VL 48 IS 3 BP 128 EP 128 DI 10.1063/1.2807962 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QM377 UT WOS:A1995QM37700030 ER PT J AU JILES, D AF JILES, D TI MAGNETIC STORM RAGES ON SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Letter RP JILES, D (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD MAR PY 1995 VL 8 IS 3 BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QQ870 UT WOS:A1995QQ87000020 ER PT J AU RAVEH, E GERSANI, M NOBEL, PS AF RAVEH, E GERSANI, M NOBEL, PS TI CO2 UPTAKE AND FLUORESCENCE RESPONSES FOR A SHADE-TOLERANT CACTUS HYLOCEREUS-UNDATUS UNDER CURRENT AND DOUBLED CO2 CONCENTRATIONS SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CO2 UPTAKE; CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; ELEVATED CO2; HYLOCEREUS UNDATUS ID CRASSULACEAN-ACID-METABOLISM; OPUNTIA-FICUS-INDICA; ELEVATED CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; AGAVE-VILMORINIANA; GROWTH; PLANT; ENRICHMENT; EXCHANGE; LEAVES AB Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) Britton and Rose growing in controlled environment chambers at 370 and 740 mu mol CO2 mol(-1) air showed a Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pattern of CO2 uptake, with 34% more total daily CO2 uptake under the doubled CO2 concentration and most of the increase occurring in the late afternoon. For both CO2 concentrations, 90% of the maximal daily CO2 uptake occurred at a total daily photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of only 10 mol m(-2) day(-1) and the best day/night air temperatures were 25/15 degrees C. Enhancement of the daily net CO2 uptake by doubling the CO2 concentration was greater under the highest PPFD (30 mol m(-2) day(-1)) and extreme day/night air temperatures (15/5 and 45/35 degrees C). After 24 days of drought, daily CO2 uptake under 370 mu mol CO2 mol(-1) was 25% of that under 740 mu mol CO2 mol(-1). The ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence (F-v/F-m) decreased as the PPFD was raised above 5 mol m(-2) day(-1), at extreme day/night temperatures and during drought, suggesting that stress occurred under these conditions. F-v/F-m was higher under the doubled CO2 concentration, indicating that the current CO2 concentration was apparently limiting for photosynthesis. Thus net CO2 uptake by the shade-tolerant H. undatus, the photosynthetic efficiency of which was greatest at low PPFDs, showed a positive response to doubling the CO2 concentration, especially under stressful environmental conditions. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DOE LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT LIFE SCI,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 3 BP 505 EP 511 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1995.930314.x PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QM087 UT WOS:A1995QM08700014 ER PT J AU CHRISPEELS, MJ GREEN, PJ NASRALLAH, JB AF CHRISPEELS, MJ GREEN, PJ NASRALLAH, JB TI PLANT-CELL BIOLOGY COMES OF AGE SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Editorial Material ID MEMBRANE; TOBACCO C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PLANT BIOL,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP CHRISPEELS, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT BIOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD MAR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 3 BP 237 EP 248 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA QQ295 UT WOS:A1995QQ29500002 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, JC HUGLY, S SOMERVILLE, CR AF SCHNEIDER, JC HUGLY, S SOMERVILLE, CR TI CHILLING-SENSITIVE MUTANTS OF ARABIDOPSIS SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA; BRASSICACEAE; GENETIC; MUTANT; CHILLING-SENSITIVITY; COLD-SENSITIVITY ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; PLANTS; METABOLISM; LIPIDS AB Twenty-one mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana were isolated that developed chlorosis or necrosis upon incubation at low temperature (10 degrees C to 15 degrees C). Crosses among mutants in different phenotypic classes showed that mutants in three of four classes were found in a small number of loci. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,STANFORD,CA 94305. RI Somerville, Christopher/A-4048-2009 OI Somerville, Christopher/0000-0003-4647-0094 NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 1 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1007/BF02668388 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA RH980 UT WOS:A1995RH98000005 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, LE LI, D PRAKASH, N STEVENS, FJ AF ANDERSON, LE LI, D PRAKASH, N STEVENS, FJ TI IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL REDOX-SENSITIVE CYSTEINES IN CYTOSOLIC FORMS OF FRUCTOSEBISPHOSPHATASE AND GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE CYSTEINE (REDOX-SENSITIVE); CYTOSOL; FRUCTOSEBISPHOSPHATASE; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ID CYTOPLASMIC GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE-DEHYDROGENASE; THIOREDOXIN SYSTEM; PEA LEAVES; FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATASE; REDUCTION; TRANSITION; PROTEINS; LIGHT; PURIFICATION; CHLOROPLASTS AB Tertiary-structure modeling suggests the occurrence of disulfide bonds in the cytosolic form of fructose-bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Redox modulation could then control the AMP sensitivity of fructosebisphosphatase in the cytosol, as suggested by the experiments of E. Khayat et al. (1993, Plant Physiol. 101, 57-64). Modeling also reveals two cysteine residues correctly positioned to form a disulfide bond and hence potentially redox-sensitive in the cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.12) from the facultative crassulacean metabolism plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ANDERSON, LE (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT BIOL SCI,845 W TAYLOR ST,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAR PY 1995 VL 196 IS 1 BP 118 EP 124 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QT551 UT WOS:A1995QT55100016 PM 7767233 ER PT J AU AFEYAN, BB CHOU, AE COHEN, BI AF AFEYAN, BB CHOU, AE COHEN, BI TI THE SCATTERING PHASE-SHIFT DUE TO BRAGG RESONANCE IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL FLUCTUATION REFLECTOMETRY SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE REFLECTOMETRY; WAVE; SENSITIVITY; JET AB An explicit integral representation is derived for the tangent of the phase shift due to one-dimensional (1D) scattering of an S-polarized, O-mode, electromagnetic field from a localized wavepacket sitting on top of an inhomogeneous plasma. A Green function technique is used in the derivation together with the Born approximation. The integral representation is evaluated using asymptotic techniques and Bragg resonance is seen to be the dominant mechanism producing the phase shifts due to fluctuations with wavelengths that are short compared to the Airy length. By suitably normalizing the governing differential equation, we have identified the two dominant parameters that control the approximations in our analysis. These are <(delta n)over bar> and k(f). The first is the magnitude of the maximum density fluctuation multiplied by the square of the dimensionless length scale that characterizes both the background plasma density profile (with scalelength L) and the incoming microwave field (with vacuum wavenumber k(0)): <(delta n)over bar>/n(0) = (delta n/n(0)) x (k(0)L)(2/3). The second is the fluctuation wavenumber normalized to k(0) and scaled by the similarly normalized Airy wavenumber: (k) over bar(f) = (k(f)/k(0)) x (k(0)L)(1/3). The Born approximation is expected to be valid as long as <()over bar>/n(0) < 1, and the Bragg resonance picture dominates as long as (k) over bar(f) > 1. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP AFEYAN, BB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 3 BP 315 EP 327 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/37/3/010 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QQ003 UT WOS:A1995QQ00300010 ER PT J AU COHEN, BI AFEYAN, BB CHOU, AE LUHMANN, NC AF COHEN, BI AFEYAN, BB CHOU, AE LUHMANN, NC TI COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF ULTRA-SHORT-PULSE REFLECTOMETRY SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY PROFILE MEASUREMENTS; MICROWAVE REFLECTOMETRY; FLUCTUATIONS; SENSITIVITY; PLASMAS AB Ultra-short-pulse reflectometry is studied by means of the numerical integration of a one-dimensional full-wave equation for ordinary modes propagating in a plasma. The numerical calculations illustrate the potential of using the reflection of ultra-short-pulse microwaves as an effective probe of the density profile even in the presence of density fluctuations in a plasma. The difference in time delays of differing frequency components of the microwaves can be used to deduce the density profile. The modification of the reflected pulses in the presence of density fluctuations is examined and can be understood based on considerations of Bragg resonance. A simple and effective profile-reconstruction algorithm using the zero-crossings of the reflected pulse and subsequent Abel inversion is demonstrated. The robustness of the profile reconstruction algorithm in the presence of a sufficiently small-amplitude density perturbation is assessed. The reconstruction algorithm begins to fail when the scaled density perturbation is large enough to invalidate the first Born approximation description of scattering by density fluctuations. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP COHEN, BI (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 3 BP 329 EP 344 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/37/3/011 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA QQ003 UT WOS:A1995QQ00300011 ER PT J AU BAKER, JP BLANCH, HW PRAUSNITZ, JM AF BAKER, JP BLANCH, HW PRAUSNITZ, JM TI SWELLING PROPERTIES OF ACRYLAMIDE-BASED AMPHOLYTIC HYDROGELS - COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENT WITH THEORY SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE AMPHOLYTIC HYDROGEL; SWELLING MODEL; POLYACRYLAMIDE ID 2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; AMPHOTERIC GELS; POLYMER GELS; SALT; TEMPERATURE; COPOLYMERS; EQUILIBRIA; BEHAVIOR; NETWORKS AB Ampholytic hydrogels were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylamide with specialty monomers. Two monomers, [(methacrylamido)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS), were copolymerized with acrylamide to form one ampholytic hydrogel. Also, the zwitterionic monomers N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacrylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine (SB1) and N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacroyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine betaine (SB2) were both, in turn, copolymerized with acrylamide to form ampholytic hydrogels. Swelling equilibria were measured in water and in aqueous sodium chloride solutions ranging in concentration from 10(-5) to 5 M. Antipolyelectrolyte behaviour was observed for the ampholytic hydrogels prepared, hydrogel swelling increases as the sodium chloride concentration rises. To demonstrate theoretically antipolyelectrolyte behaviour for ampholytic hydrogels, we incorporate the Debye-Huckel theory of electrolyte solutions into a Flory-type swelling model to account for Coulombic interactions between fixed and mobile ions. Calculated swelling equilibria are in qualitative agreement with experiment. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 38 TC 106 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 31 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAR PY 1995 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1061 EP 1069 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(95)93608-O PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA QM364 UT WOS:A1995QM36400023 ER PT J AU NEILSEN, MK KRIEG, RD SCHREYER, HL AF NEILSEN, MK KRIEG, RD SCHREYER, HL TI A CONSTITUTIVE THEORY FOR RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OPEN-CELL FOAMS AB Rigid, closed-cell, polyurethane foam consists of interconnected polyurethane plates that form cells. When this foam is compressed, it exhibits an initial elastic regime, which is followed by a plateau regime in which the load required to compress the foam remains nearly constant. In the plateau regime, cell walls are damaged and large permanent volume changes are generated. As additional load is applied, cell walls are compressed against neighboring cell walls, and the stiffness of the foam increases and approaches a value equal to that of solid polyurethane. When the foam is loaded in tension, the cell walls are damaged and the foam fractures. A constitutive theory for rigid polyurethane foam has been developed. This theory is based on a decomposition of the foam in two parts: a skeleton and a nonlinear elastic continuum in parallel. The skeleton accounts for the foam behavior in the elastic and plateau regimes and is described using a coupled plasticity with continuum damage theory. The nonlinear elastic continuum accounts for the lock-up of the foam due to internal gas pressure and cell wall interactions. This new constitutive theory has been implemented in both static and dynamic finite element codes. Numerical simulations performed using the new constitutive theory are presented. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT ENGN SCI & MECH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MECH ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP NEILSEN, MK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ENGN & MFG MECH,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 20 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06804-0403 SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 5 BP 387 EP 394 DI 10.1002/pen.760350503 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA QM856 UT WOS:A1995QM85600002 ER PT J AU KATSEVICH, AI RAMM, AG AF KATSEVICH, AI RAMM, AG TI FINDING SINGULAR SUPPORT OF A FUNCTION FROM ITS TOMOGRAPHIC DATA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RADON-TRANSFORM; INVERSION AB We develop three different approaches to the problem of finding discontinuity surface S of a function f(x) from its tomographic data: 1) pseudolocal tomography, introduced by the authors, produces S and the jumps of f across S from pseudolocal tomographic data; 2) local tomography, introduced in the literature and further generalized by one df the authors produces S from local data. A method is proposed for finding jumps of f across S. This method is based on the analysis of pseudodifferential operators acting on piecewise smooth functions; and 3) geometric tomography, introduced by one of the authors and A, Zaslavsky, produces S from ($) over cap S, a dual variety with respect to S, which happens to be the singular support of ($) over cap f(theta, p). C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI, DEPT MATH, MANHATTAN, KS 66506 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN ACAD PI TOKYO PA 7-32, UENO PARK, TAITO-KU, TOKYO, 110-0007, JAPAN SN 0386-2194 J9 P JPN ACAD A-MATH JI Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. A-Math. Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 3 BP 62 EP 67 PG 6 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA QT754 UT WOS:A1995QT75400006 ER PT J AU TUTTLE, JR SITES, JR DELAHOY, A SHAFARMAN, W BASOL, B FONASH, S GRAY, J MENNER, R PHILLIPS, J ROCKETT, A SCOFIELD, J SHAPIRO, FR SINGH, P SUNTHARALINGAM, V TARRANT, D WALTER, T WIEDEMAN, S PETERSON, TM AF TUTTLE, JR SITES, JR DELAHOY, A SHAFARMAN, W BASOL, B FONASH, S GRAY, J MENNER, R PHILLIPS, J ROCKETT, A SCOFIELD, J SHAPIRO, FR SINGH, P SUNTHARALINGAM, V TARRANT, D WALTER, T WIEDEMAN, S PETERSON, TM TI CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING OF CU(IN, GA)(S, SE)(2)-BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES - A LABORATORY AND INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE AB This contribution is a summary of a workshop convened to discuss the characterization and modeling of thin-film CuInSe2(CIS)-based solar cells, 17-19 October 1993, in Estes Park, Colorado. The participants of the workshop ave the authors of this paper. The subject matter was examined along four lines: device modeling, characterization, processing, and manufacturing issues. Fundamental numerical modeling has successfully guided device design efforts, including the design of variable band-gap,absorbers, Quantitative analysis, however, has been compromised by incomplete data on fundamental material properties. Phenomenological modeling and device characterization have successfully contributed to the understanding of the device physics. Although classified as a heterojunction device, the forward-current recombination of the Zno/CdS/CIS occurs almost exclusively in the space-charge with diode quality factors ranging from 1.2 to 1.7 for good devices. The next generation of device modeling must incorporate two- and three-dimensional effects. Recent fabrication work has focused on improving the CIS absorber and adding Ga and S to the matrix to increase its band-gap. A better understanding of the ternary's fundamental properties is required to support the modeling efforts. Control of Ga and S introduction and the resulting absorber band-gap profiles will facilitate the realization of optimized device designs. Inadequate understanding of fundamental device operation and process control at the laboratory level ave amplified in the manufacturing environment. Modeling and characterization can identify areas where corrective actions will result in improved performance and yield at the module level. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80532. ENERGY PHOTOVOLT INC,LAWRENCEVILLE,NJ 08648. UNIV DELAWARE,INST ENERGY CONVERS,NEWARK,DE 19716. INT SOLAR ELECT TECHNOL,INGLEWOOD,CA 90301. PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16892. PURDUE UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV STUTTGART,INST PHYS ELEKTR,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. OBERLIN COLL,DEPT PHYS,OBERLIN,OH 44074. DREXEL UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VILLANOVA UNIV,DEPT ELECTR & COMP ENGN,VILLANOVA,PA 19085. SIEMENS SOLAR IND,CAMARILLO,CA 93011. SOLAREX CORP,NEWTOWN,PA 18940. ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP TUTTLE, JR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV PHOTOVOLT,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Rockett, Angus/A-3218-2008; Rockett, Angus/B-5539-2013 OI Rockett, Angus/0000-0001-9759-8421 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 89 EP 104 DI 10.1002/pip.4670030202 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA QX720 UT WOS:A1995QX72000002 ER PT J AU FTHENAKIS, VM MOSKOWITZ, PD AF FTHENAKIS, VM MOSKOWITZ, PD TI PLASMA-ETCHING - SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article AB Plasma etching in the photovoltaic industries involves several inorganic and organic fluorides, chlorides and bromides, some of which are toxic, corrosive, or flammable. Nitrogen fluoride, a relatively new etching material, presents special concerns because it may form self-ignitable mixtures with some flammable gases. In addition, non-toxic compounds (e.g. Freon), can form toxic by-products in a plasma environment. Another safety concern is failure of vacuum pumps caused by corrosive effluents, and occupational safety, issues associated with cleaning traps and reactors. These issues ave discussed in this paper and the applicable safety and environmental control options ave outlined. RP FTHENAKIS, VM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BIOMED & ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT GRP,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1002/pip.4670030205 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA QX720 UT WOS:A1995QX72000005 ER PT J AU GLASS, DB TREWHELLA, J MITCHELL, RD WALSH, DA AF GLASS, DB TREWHELLA, J MITCHELL, RD WALSH, DA TI CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED ANALOGS OF PROTEIN-KINASE INHIBITOR (6-22)AMIDE - EFFECT OF TURN STRUCTURES IN THE CENTER OF THE PEPTIDE ON INHIBITION OF CAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BETA-TURNS; CD SPECTROSCOPY; CONFORMATIONAL CONSTRAINT; FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; INHIBITOR PEPTIDE; PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS; PROTEIN KINASE ID HEAT-STABLE INHIBITOR; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ACTIVE-SITE; BINDING; ACID AB The high-affinity interaction between protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) (6-22)amide (Thr(6)-Tyr-Ala-Asp-Phe-Ile-Ala-Ser-Gly-Arg-Thr-Gly-Arg-Arg-Asn- Ala-Ile(22)-NH2) and the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase requires both the N-terminal Thr(6) to Ile(11) sequence of the inhibitor peptide and its C-terminal pseudosubstrate site comprised of Arg(15) to Ile(22). Small angle X-ray scattering data indicate that PKI(6-22)amide has a compact, rather than extended, structure in solution (Reed J et al., 1989, Biochem J264:371-380). CD spectroscopic analysis of the PKI peptide led to the suggestion that a beta-turn structure might be located in the-Ala(12)-Ser-Gly-Arg(15)-connecting sequence in the middle of the molecule (Reed J, Kinzel V, Cheng HC, Walsh DA, 1987, Biochemistry 26: 7641-7647). To investigate this possibility further, conformationally constrained and flexible analogs of PKI(6-22)amide were synthesized and used to study the structure-function relationships of this central portion of the inhibitor. (Des 12-14)PKI(6-22) amide exhibited over a 200-fold loss in inhibitory activity. Replacement of the omitted -Ala(12)-Ser-Gly(14)-sequence with aminocaprylic acid yielded an analog that regained more than 90% of the lost binding energy. The d-alanine(14) PKI analog was as potent as the parent peptide, whereas the beta-alanine(14) and the sarcosine(14) analogs were only 10-fold less active. Several peptides that promoted a beta-turn structure at residues 12-15 showed about 200-fold decreases in inhibitory activity. Two constrained analogs that could not assume a beta-turn conformation were only 30-fold less potent than PKI(6-22)amide. Thus, the structure of the central connecting portion of the PKI peptide, encompassing residues 12-15, greatly influences its ability to effectively bind to and inhibit the catalytic subunit. We conclude, however, that a formal beta-turn at this position is not required and is actually detrimental for a high-affinity interaction of PKI(6-22)amide with the enzyme. These results are interpreted in light of the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the peptide analogs and the crystal structure of the peptide bound at the active site of the protein kinase (Knighton DR et al., 1991b, Science 253:414-420). C1 EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,ROLLINS RES CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30322. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP GLASS, DB (reprint author), EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,ROLLINS RES CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,ATLANTA,GA 30322, USA. OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR05364]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM21019]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM28144] NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 4 IS 3 BP 405 EP 415 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QN567 UT WOS:A1995QN56700007 PM 7795524 ER PT J AU STEVENS, PW RAFFEN, R HANSON, DK DENG, YL BERRIOSHAMMOND, M WESTHOLM, FA MURPHY, C EULITZ, M WETZEL, R SOLOMON, A SCHIFFER, M STEVENS, FJ AF STEVENS, PW RAFFEN, R HANSON, DK DENG, YL BERRIOSHAMMOND, M WESTHOLM, FA MURPHY, C EULITZ, M WETZEL, R SOLOMON, A SCHIFFER, M STEVENS, FJ TI RECOMBINANT IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE DOMAINS GENERATED FROM SYNTHETIC GENES PROVIDE A SYSTEM FOR IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF LIGHT-CHAIN AMYLOID PROTEINS SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AMYLOID PROTEINS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS; KAPPA IV DOMAINS; RECOMBINANT HUMAN VL; SYNTHETIC GENES; VARIABLE-DOMAIN DIMERIZATION ID BENCE-JONES PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEQUENCE; DNA; RESOLUTION; REGION; MUTAGENESIS; ASSOCIATION; DEPOSITION; POLYMERASE AB The primary structural features that render human monoclonal light chains amyloidogenic are presently unknown. To gain further insight into the physical and biochemical factors that result in the pathologic deposition of these proteins as amyloid fibrils, we have selected for detailed study three closely homologous protein products of the light-chain variable-region single-gene family V kappa IV. Two of these proteins, REC and SMA, formed amyloid fibrils in vivo. The third protein, LEN, was excreted by the patient at levels of 50 g/day with no indication of amyloid deposits. Sequences of amyloidogenic proteins REC and SMA differed from the sequence of the nonpathogenic protein LEN at 14 and 8 amino acid positions, respectively, and these amino acid differences have been analyzed in terms of the three-dimensional structure of the LEN dimer. To provide a replenishable source of these human proteins, we constructed synthetic genes coding for the REC, SMA, and LEN variable domains and expressed these genes in Escherichia coli. Immunochemical and biophysical comparisons demonstrated that the recombinant V kappa IV products have tertiary structural features comparable to those of the patient-derived proteins. This well-defined set of three clinically characterized human kappa IV light chains, together with the capability to produce these kappa IV proteins recombinantly, provide a system for biophysical and structural comparisons of two different amyloidogenic light-chain proteins and a nonamyloidogenic protein of the same subgroup. This work lays the foundation for future investigations of the structural basis of light-chain amyloidogenicity. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV TENNESSEE,MED CTR,GRAD SCH MED,DEPT MED,HUMAN IMMUNOL & CANC PROGRAM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37920. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,INST CLIN MOLEC BIOL,MUNICH 70,GERMANY. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARMACEUT,DEPT MACROMOLEC SCI,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. RI Wetzel, Ronald/G-7453-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA10056]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK43757] NR 61 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 4 IS 3 BP 421 EP 432 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QN567 UT WOS:A1995QN56700009 PM 7795526 ER PT J AU PAULSEN, MD ORNSTEIN, RL AF PAULSEN, MD ORNSTEIN, RL TI DRAMATIC DIFFERENCES IN THE MOTIONS OF THE MOUTH OF OPEN AND CLOSED CYTOCHROME P450BM-3 BY MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE DOMAIN MOTIONS; CRYSTAL PACKING EFFECTS; PROTEIN DYNAMICS; INDUCED-FIT; ENZYME DYNAMICS ID BINDING-PROTEIN; ACTIVE-SITE; DOMAIN; LYSOZYME; ENZYME; HEMOPROTEIN; ISOMERASE; KINASE; MUTANT AB Molecular dynamics trajectories were calculated separately for each of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the crystal structure of the hemoprotein domain of cytochrome P450BM-3, Each simulation was 200 ps in length and included a 10 Angstrom layer of explicit solvent. The simulated time-average structure of each P450BM-3 molecule is closer to its crystal structure than the two molecular dynamics time-averaged structures are to each other. In the crystal structure, molecule 2 has a more accessible substrate binding pocket than molecule 1, and this difference is maintained throughout the simulations presented here. In particular, the substrate docking regions of molecule 1 and molecule 2 diverge in the solution state simulations, The mouth of the substrate binding pocket is significantly more mobile in the simulation of molecule 2 than in the simulation of molecule 1. For molecule 1, the width of the mouth is only slightly larger than its X-ray value of 8.7 Angstrom and undergoes fluctuations of about 1 Angstrom. However, in molecule 2, the mouth of the substrate binding pocket is dramatically more open in the time-average molecular dynamics structure (14.7 Angstrom) than in the X-ray structure (10.9 Angstrom). Furthermore, this region of the protein undergoes large amplitude motions during the trajectory that are not seen in the trajectory of molecule 1, repeatedly opening and closing up to 7 Angstrom. Presumably, the binding of different substrates will induce the mouth region to adopt different conformations from within the wide range of structures that are accessible. (C) 1995 Wiley-Lies, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVRIONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 3 BP 237 EP 243 DI 10.1002/prot.340210306 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA QP249 UT WOS:A1995QP24900005 PM 7784427 ER PT J AU HARRINGTON, CD WHITNEY, JW AF HARRINGTON, CD WHITNEY, JW TI EVIDENCE SUGGESTING THAT METHODS OF ROCK-VARNISH CATION-RATIO DATING ARE NEITHER COMPARABLE NOR CONSISTENTLY RELIABLE - COMMENT SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 US GEOL SURVEY,CTR FED,DENVER,CO 80225. RP HARRINGTON, CD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,MS D462,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0033-5894 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 268 EP 271 DI 10.1006/qres.1995.1030 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA QP688 UT WOS:A1995QP68800019 ER PT J AU MARIELLA, R COPELAND, A AF MARIELLA, R COPELAND, A TI GENOME RESEARCH AUTOMATED WITH REVVED-UP INSTRUMENTATION SO R&D MAGAZINE LA English DT Article RP MARIELLA, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS-DENVER PUBLISHING CO PI HIGHLANDS RANCH PA 8773 S RIDGELINE BLVD, HIGHLANDS RANCH, CO 80126-2329 SN 0746-9179 J9 R&D MAG JI R D Mag. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP 49 EP 51 PG 3 WC Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QP246 UT WOS:A1995QP24600008 ER PT J AU STORER, JB FRY, RJM AF STORER, JB FRY, RJM TI ON THE SHAPE OF NEUTRON DOSE-EFFECT CURVES FOR RADIOGENIC CANCERS AND LIFE SHORTENING IN MICE SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FISSION NEUTRONS; GAMMA-RAYS; JANUS PROGRAM; EXPOSURES; IRRADIATION; INDUCTION; NEOPLASMS; DISEASE; SINGLE; MOUSE AB Male and female hybrid BCF1 (C57BL/6 BdxBALB/c Bd) were exposed to total neutron doses of 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, and 0.48 Gy in fractions over a period of 24 weeks. The fractionation regimens were: 24 weekly fractions of 0.0025 Gy, 12 fractions of 0.01 Gy every 2 weeks, 6 fractions of 0.04 Gy every 4 weeks, and 3 fractions of 0.16 Gy every 8 weeks. In order to detect any change in susceptibility with age over the period of exposures from 16 weeks to 40 weeks of age, mice were exposed to single doses of 0.025, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.2 Gy at 16 and 40 weeks of age. These experiments were designed to test whether the initial parts of the dose-response relationships for life shortening and cancer induction could be determined economically by using fractionated exposures and whether or not the initial slopes were linear. The conclusions were that for life shortening and most radiogenic cancers, the dose-effect curves are linear and that fractionation of the neutron dose has no effect on the magnitude of the response of equal total doses over the range of doses studied. The ratio of such initial slopes and comparable linear initial slopes for a reference radiation should provide maximum and constant relative biological effectiveness values. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1007/BF01210541 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QR856 UT WOS:A1995QR85600005 PM 7604155 ER PT J AU CASTRO, JR AF CASTRO, JR TI RESULTS OF HEAVY-ION RADIOTHERAPY SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Heavy Ion Research: Space, Radiation Protection and Therapy CY MAR 21-24, 1994 CL SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS, FRANCE ID CHARGED-PARTICLE RADIOTHERAPY; CALIFORNIA-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; IRRADIATION; THERAPY; TRIAL; SARCOMA; BONE AB The potential of heavy ion therapy for clinical use in cancer therapy stems from the biological parameters of heavy charged particles and their precise dose localization. Biologically, carbon, neon, and other heavy ion beams (up to about silicon) are clinically useful in overcoming the radioresistance of hypoxic tumors, thus increasing the biological effectiveness relative to low linear energy transfer x-ray or electron beams. Cells irradiated by heavy ions show less variation in cell-cycle-related radiosensitivity and decreased repair of radiation injury. The physical parameters of these heavy charged particles allow precise delivery of high doses to tumors while minimizing irradiation of normal tissues. Clinical use requires a close interaction between radiation oncologists, medical physicists, accelerator physicists, engineers, computer scientists, and radiation biologists. RP CASTRO, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,55-121,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA19138] NR 23 TC 62 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 1 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1007/BF01210545 PG 4 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QR856 UT WOS:A1995QR85600009 PM 7604160 ER PT J AU BOND, VP LASTER, BH WIELOPOLSKI, L AF BOND, VP LASTER, BH WIELOPOLSKI, L TI THE EQUAL EFFECTIVENESS RATIO - A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION OF COMPOUNDS FOR BORON NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL EFFICACY AB The resurgence of interest in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) as a potential treatment for glioblastomas and melanomas has resulted in a quest to identify and synthesize candidate compounds which can physiologically target the B-10 atoms to tumor cells. Numerous boron-carrying compounds are now available and awaiting evaluation. Because the products of the boron neutron capture (BNC) reaction generally contribute greater than 50% of the dose in BNCT, the evaluation of the efficacy of boron compounds would be more precise if it were possible to remove, quantitatively, the dose contributed by the external reactor radiations. The purpose of this study is to report a method which does just that, i.e., leaves for precise evaluation the biological effect that is ascribable to the BNC products only. The evaluation involves a series of separately quantifiable factors, the product of which provides an overall ''figure of merit'' for the compound. (C) 1995 by Radiation Research Society C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,STONY BROOK,NY 11970. RP BOND, VP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 141 IS 3 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.2307/3579005 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH651 UT WOS:A1995QH65100006 PM 7871155 ER PT J AU HUI, TE JOSTES, RF CROSS, FT AF HUI, TE JOSTES, RF CROSS, FT TI ANALYSIS OF SURVIVAL OF C-18 CELLS AFTER IRRADIATION IN SUSPENSION WITH CHELATED AND IONIC BISMUTH-212 USING MICRODOSIMETRY - COMMENT SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID RADON RP HUI, TE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 141 IS 3 BP 345 EP 346 DI 10.2307/3579015 PG 2 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA QH651 UT WOS:A1995QH65100016 PM 7871165 ER PT J AU GOVER, J AF GOVER, J TI CORPORATE-MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT - LESSONS FOR THE UNITED-STATES-GOVERNMENT SO RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Overview: Changes that U.S. companies have been making in the way they conduct R&D suggest ways of improving the effectiveness of federal laboratories: (1) Federal laboratories must increase the strategic value of their R&D to the taxpayer by becoming more involved in the development of public policies. This, in turn, will require them to expand their skill base beyond the physical sciences; (2) Federal labs must find ways to make the world-class basic research funded by the taxpayer preferentially advantage the U.S. taxpayer and U.S.-based companies; (3) The federal laboratories must be reengineered and the federal agencies that control them must be reinvented; (4) the R&D that is conducted at federal laboratories must be designed to be compatible with the way technology is commercialized; (5) The laboratories must increase their emphasis on the collection of research innovation from around the world and assist in the extension and transfer of that innovation to U.S. industry. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP GOVER, J (reprint author), US DEPT COMMERCE,TECHNOL ADM OFF TECHNOL POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20230, USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INST INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1550 M ST., NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-6308 J9 RES TECHNOL MANAGE JI Res.-Technol. Manage. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 2 BP 27 EP 36 PG 10 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA QK208 UT WOS:A1995QK20800009 ER PT J AU GARATE, E MCWILLIAMS, RD VOSS, DE LOVESEE, AL HENDRICKS, KJ SPENCER, TA CLARK, MC FISHER, A AF GARATE, E MCWILLIAMS, RD VOSS, DE LOVESEE, AL HENDRICKS, KJ SPENCER, TA CLARK, MC FISHER, A TI NOVEL CATHODE FOR FIELD-EMISSION APPLICATIONS SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID BEAM C1 VOSS SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. WSR,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. SANDIA NATL LABS,ORG 1248,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87125. USN,RES LAB,BEAM PLASMA BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP GARATE, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT PHYS,IRVINE,CA 92717, USA. NR 12 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2528 EP 2532 DI 10.1063/1.1146504 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900021 ER PT J AU QIAN, SN JARK, W TAKACS, PZ AF QIAN, SN JARK, W TAKACS, PZ TI THE PENTA-PRISM LTP - A LONG-TRACE-PROFILER WITH STATIONARY OPTICAL HEAD AND MOVING PENTA PRISM SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation CY JUL 18-22, 1994 CL STONY BROOK, NY SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, ADV PHOTON SOURCE, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, ASSOC UNIV INC C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP QIAN, SN (reprint author), SINCROTRONE TRIESTE,PADRICIANO 99,I-34012 TRIESTE,ITALY. RI yu, yan/C-2322-2012 NR 14 TC 73 Z9 80 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2562 EP 2569 DI 10.1063/1.1145658 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900026 ER PT J AU HOLMES, NC AF HOLMES, NC TI FIBER-COUPLED OPTICAL-PYROMETER FOR SHOCK-WAVE STUDIES SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURES; TIME RP HOLMES, NC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 14 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2615 EP 2618 DI 10.1063/1.1145597 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900036 ER PT J AU YOUNG, BA YU, KM AF YOUNG, BA YU, KM TI ION-IMPLANTED CHARGE COLLECTION CONTACTS FOR HIGH-PURITY SILICON DETECTORS OPERATED AT 20 MK SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID DARK-MATTER; 25 MK; IONIZATION; GERMANIUM; CRYSTAL; PHONON; ATOMS C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. SANTA CLARA UNIV, DEPT PHYS, SANTA CLARA, CA 95053 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2625 EP 2630 DI 10.1063/1.1145599 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900038 ER PT J AU LIU, C NIELSEN, RW KRUY, TL SHU, D KUZAY, TM AF LIU, C NIELSEN, RW KRUY, TL SHU, D KUZAY, TM TI VACUUM TESTS OF A BEAMLINE FRONT-END MOCK-UP AT THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation CY JUL 18-22, 1994 CL STONY BROOK, NY SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, ADV PHOTON SOURCE, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, ASSOC UNIV INC ID LINES RP LIU, C (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,DIV EXPTL FACIL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2703 EP 2707 DI 10.1063/1.1145613 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900053 ER PT J AU ASSOUFID, L LEE, WK MILLS, DM AF ASSOUFID, L LEE, WK MILLS, DM TI A FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ROOM-TEMPERATURE SILICON-CRYSTALS FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE BENDING-MAGNET AND INSERTION-DEVICE BEAMS SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation CY JUL 18-22, 1994 CL STONY BROOK, NY SP ARGONNE NATL LAB, ADV PHOTON SOURCE, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, ASSOC UNIV INC ID MONOCHROMATORS; PERFORMANCE RP ASSOUFID, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2713 EP 2718 DI 10.1063/1.1145615 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900055 ER PT J AU COMBS, SK FOUST, CR MILORA, SL AF COMBS, SK FOUST, CR MILORA, SL TI SMALL-BORE (1.8-MM), HIGH-FIRING-RATE (10-HZ) VERSION OF A REPEATING PNEUMATIC HYDROGEN PELLET INJECTOR SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Note ID JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS RP COMBS, SK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 3 BP 2736 EP 2737 DI 10.1063/1.1145620 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA QM669 UT WOS:A1995QM66900060 ER PT J AU BAUMERT, BM MULLER, SJ AF BAUMERT, BM MULLER, SJ TI FLOW VISUALIZATION OF THE ELASTIC TAYLOR-COUETTE INSTABILITY IN BOGER FLUIDS SO RHEOLOGICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE VISCOELASTIC INSTABILITY; SECONDARY FLOW VISUALIZATION; TAYLOR-COUETTE; BOGER FLUIDS AB Flow visualization is performed on an elastically-dominated instability in several similar Boger fluids in Taylor-Couette flow The onset and evolution of secondary flow are observed over a range of shear rates using reflective mica platelet seeding. Sequences of ambiently and sheet-illuminated images were digitally processed. Rotation of the inner cylinder was ramped from rest to its final value over a time on the order of a polymer relaxation time. Dilute solutions of high molecular weight polyisobutylene in oligomeric polybutene manifest a flow transition at a Deborah number, De(s) = lambda(s) gamma approximate to 1.5 with a Taylor number of 0.00022 in a cell with dimensionless gap ratio delta = 0.0963. At this transition, simple azimuthal shearing is replaced by steady, roughly square, axisymmetric counter-rotating vortices grossly similar to the well-known Taylor vortex flow that is observed at De(s) = 0, Ta = 3612. At De(s) = 3.75, Ta = 0.0014, an axisymmetric oscillatory secondary flow develops initially but is replaced by the steady vortices. At De(s) = 7.5, Ta = 0.0054, the oscillatory and vortex flow coexist and possess an irregular cellular cross-section. A wide span of growth rates is observed: the ratio of onset to polymer relaxation time ranges from 170 000 at De(s) = 1.5 to 0(10) at De(s) > 5. The role of inertia was explored through changing the solvent viscosity. A transition similar to the one that occurs at De(s) = 3.75, Ta = 0.0014, from the base azimuthal shearing flow to axisymmetric vortices, was also observed with a much lower viscosity fluid at De(s) = 3.3, Ta = 74. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 20 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 4 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI BERLIN 33 PA C/O SPRINGER-VERLAG, HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, 1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0035-4511 J9 RHEOL ACTA JI Rheol. Acta PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 2 BP 147 EP 159 DI 10.1007/BF00398434 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA QX501 UT WOS:A1995QX50100004 ER PT J AU KYU, T LEE, HS GADKARI, A KENNEDY, JP LIN, JS AF KYU, T LEE, HS GADKARI, A KENNEDY, JP LIN, JS TI STRUCTURAL AND RHEOOPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RANDOM BICOMPONENT NETWORKS PREPARED OF HYDROXYL-TELECHELIC POLYISOBUTYLENE AND POLYTETRAHYDROFURAN SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOMERIC STATE SIMULATIONS; NON-GAUSSIAN THEORY; TERMINATED POLYISOBUTYLENE; CHAIN CONFIGURATIONS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; CO-POLYMERS; MIXTURES; SEPARATION AB The structure of a bicomponent network prepared of hydroxyl-telechelic polyisobutylene (HO-PiB-OH) and polytetrahydrofuran (HO-PTHF-OH) has been characterized by small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering, birefringence, and differential scanning calorimetry. A single phase random network was obtained by endlinking HO-PIB-OH/HO-PTHF-OH mixtures using triphenyl methane triisocyanate (TTI) as a crosslinking agent. A small-angle x-ray scattering peak was observed in the PIE networks as well as in the PIB/PTHF bicomponent networks. The glass transition temperature of the random bicomponent network increased with decreasing PTHF molecular weight as the network became tighter, Network tensile properties were analyzed in terms of Gaussian and non-Gaussian network models. The stress-optical law was tested for random networks by measuring the variation of birefringence and stress as a function of elongation. C1 UNIV AKRON,MAURICE MORTON INST POLYMER SCI,AKRON,OH 44325. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING RES,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KYU, T (reprint author), UNIV AKRON,INST POLYMER ENGN,AKRON,OH 44325, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC PI AKRON PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 SN 0035-9475 J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL JI Rubber Chem. Technol. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 1 BP 110 EP 123 DI 10.5254/1.3538722 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA QW109 UT WOS:A1995QW10900009 ER PT J AU HAINFELD, JF AF HAINFELD, JF TI GOLD, ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, AND CANCER-THERAPY SO SCANNING MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE GOLD; RADIOACTIVE GOLD; AU-198/199; UNDECAGOLD; NANOGOLD; COLLOIDAL GOLD; CANCER; BLADDER CARCINOMA; IMMUNOTHERAPY; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; UNDECAGOLD CLUSTERS; TUMOR; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; BINDING; CARRIER; MICE AB Radioactive gold has properties suitable for radiotherapy and can provide lethal irradiation to cells. If the gold is conjugated to a targeting molecule, such as an antibody, it may be possible to specifically deliver the dose to tumor cells. Various gold particles are possible candidates and include gold colloids with adsorption of antibodies or gold clusters with covalent attachment. Different sizes of gold particles are available and some may be preferred for certain situations. Problems with intravenous injection and in vivo delivery are numerous, and a more tractable application is the direct instillation into the urinary bladder of radiogold immunoconjugates to treat superficial bladder carcinoma. Preliminary studies indicate the feasibility of this approach. RP HAINFELD, JF (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANNING MICROSCOPY INT PI CHICAGO PA PO BOX 66507, AMF O'HARE, CHICAGO, IL 60666 SN 0891-7035 J9 SCANNING MICROSCOPY JI Scanning Microsc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1 BP 239 EP 256 PG 18 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA TA128 UT WOS:A1995TA12800018 PM 8553020 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, AJ TANNER, LE AF SCHWARTZ, AJ TANNER, LE TI PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS AND PHASE-RELATIONS IN THE TIPD-TICR PSEUDOBINARY SYSTEM .1. EXPERIMENTAL-OBSERVATIONS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURES RP SCHWARTZ, AJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 32 IS 5 BP 675 EP 680 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)91584-C PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QC693 UT WOS:A1995QC69300005 ER PT J AU NIEH, TG LESUER, DR SYN, CK AF NIEH, TG LESUER, DR SYN, CK TI TENSILE AND FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF A 25-VOL-PERCENT SIC PARTICULATE-REINFORCED 6090-AL COMPOSITE AT 300-DEGREES-C SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY; SLIDING WEAR; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS RP NIEH, TG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-350,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 32 IS 5 BP 707 EP 712 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)91590-L PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QC693 UT WOS:A1995QC69300011 ER PT J AU HAWK, JA ALMAN, DE AF HAWK, JA ALMAN, DE TI A COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF THE ABRASIVE WEAR BEHAVIOR OF MOSI2 SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article RP HAWK, JA (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 9 TC 34 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 32 IS 5 BP 725 EP 730 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)91593-E PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QC693 UT WOS:A1995QC69300014 ER PT J AU LUCAS, JP MOODY, NR ROBINSON, SL HANROCK, J HWANG, RQ AF LUCAS, JP MOODY, NR ROBINSON, SL HANROCK, J HWANG, RQ TI DETERMINING FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS OF VITREOUS SILICA GLASS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID RADIATION; SPECIMENS C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 32 IS 5 BP 743 EP 748 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)91596-H PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QC693 UT WOS:A1995QC69300017 ER PT J AU DENDY, JE TAZARTES, CC AF DENDY, JE TAZARTES, CC TI GRANDCHILD OF THE FREQUENCY DECOMPOSITION MULTIGRID METHOD SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE MULTIGRID; PARALLEL COMPUTATION; GLOBAL OCEAN MODELING ID GRID METHOD; ALGORITHM AB The frequency decomposition multigrid method was previously considered and rejected because it was not robust for problems with discontinuous coefficients. In this paper it is shown how to modify the method to obtain such robustness while retaining robustness for problems with anisotropic coefficients. Application of the method to a problem arising in global ocean modeling is also discussed. Finally, the performance of this method on the CM-200 is evaluated. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP DENDY, JE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 307 EP 319 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QK510 UT WOS:A1995QK51000004 ER PT J AU BIALECKI, B REMINGTON, KA AF BIALECKI, B REMINGTON, KA TI FOURIER MATRIX DECOMPOSITION METHODS FOR THE LEAST-SQUARES SOLUTION OF SINGULAR NEUMANN AND PERIODIC HERMITE BICUBIC COLLOCATION PROBLEMS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE POISSONS EQUATION; NEUMANN AND PERIODIC BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; PIECEWISE HERMITE BICUBICS; ORTHOGONAL SPLINE COLLOCATION; FAST DIRECT SOLVERS; LEAST SQUARES SOLUTIONS; MATRIX DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHMS; FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS; PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATIONS ID SEPARABLE ELLIPTIC-EQUATIONS; DIAGONAL LINEAR-SYSTEMS; MODIFIED ALTERNATE ROW; COLUMN ELIMINATION; FORTRAN PACKAGES; DIMENSIONS AB The use of orthogonal spline collocation with piecewise Hermite bicubics is examined for the solution of Poisson's equation on a rectangle subject to either pure Neumann or pure periodic boundary conditions. Emphasis is placed on finding a least squares solution of these singular collocation problems. The technique of matrix decomposition is applied and explicit formulas for the requisite eigensystems corresponding to two-point Neumann and periodic collocation boundary value problems are presented. The resulting algorithms use fast Fourier transforms for efficiency and are highly parallel in nature. On an N x N partition, a fourth order accurate least squares solution is computed at a cost of O(N-2 log N) operations. The results of numerical experiments are provided that demonstrate that the implementations compare very favorably with recent fourth order accurate finite difference and finite element Galerkin codes. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BIALECKI, B (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT MATH,LEXINGTON,KY 40506, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 431 EP 451 DI 10.1137/0916027 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QK510 UT WOS:A1995QK51000011 ER PT J AU HENDRICKSON, B LELAND, R AF HENDRICKSON, B LELAND, R TI AN IMPROVED SPECTRAL GRAPH PARTITIONING ALGORITHM FOR MAPPING PARALLEL COMPUTATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE GRAPH PARTITIONING; PARALLEL COMPUTATION; LOAD BALANCING; GRAPH SPECTRUM; EIGENVECTOR ID EIGENVECTORS; MATRICES AB Efficient use of a distributed memory parallel computer requires that the computational load be balanced across processors in a way that minimizes interprocessor communication. A new domain mapping algorithm is presented that extends recent work in which ideas from spectral graph theory have been applied to this problem. The generalization of spectral graph bisection involves a novel use of multiple eigenvectors to allow for division of a computation into four or eight parts at each stage of a recursive decomposition. The resulting method is suitable for scientific computations like irregular finite elements or differences performed on hypercube or mesh architecture machines. Experimental results confirm that the new method provides better decompositions arrived at more economically and robustly than with previous spectral methods. This algorithm allows for arbitrary nonnegative weights on both vertices and edges to model inhomogeneous computation and communication. A new spectral lower bound for graph bisection is also presented. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 28 TC 177 Z9 193 U1 1 U2 10 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 452 EP 469 DI 10.1137/0916028 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA QK510 UT WOS:A1995QK51000012 ER PT J AU BERDAHL, P AF BERDAHL, P TI RADIATIVE COOLING EFFICIENCY OF WHITE PIGMENTED PAINTS - COMMENT SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Letter ID SKY RADIATION RP BERDAHL, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 3 BP 203 EP 203 DI 10.1016/0038-092X(95)90031-A PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA QJ221 UT WOS:A1995QJ22100007 ER PT J AU ZEGENHAGEN, J SIEGRIST, T FONTES, E BERMAN, LE PATEL, JR AF ZEGENHAGEN, J SIEGRIST, T FONTES, E BERMAN, LE PATEL, JR TI EPITAXY OF ULTRATHIN FILMS OF YBA2CU3O7-DELTA ON SRTIO3(001) INVESTIGATED WITH X-RAY STANDING WAVES SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; SURFACES AND INTERFACES; THIN FILMS ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION OSCILLATIONS; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; INTERFACE AB Ultrathin films (40 angstorm and 80 angstrom) of YBa2Cu3O7-delta were grown on SrTiO3(001) by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized using the X-ray standing wave technique. The results show that the epitaxy of the superconductor starts on the TiO2 terminated surface with a perovskite-like BaTi(Cu)O3 unit cell, i.e. the Ba binds to the TiO2 surface layer. The next constituent of the thin film is either a BaCuO or YCuO perovskite-like unit cell. This alternative permits smooth overgrowth of SrTiO3(001) step edges. Strong perpendicular strain (epsilon(perpendicular-to) = -2.0% +/- 0.1%) in the 40 angstrom films proofs almost pseudomorphic growth whereas the 80 angstrom film (epsilon(perpendicular-to) = -0.8% +/- 0.1%) has significantly relaxed towards the bulk c-axis length. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. CHESS,WILSON LAB,ITHACA,NY. BNL,NSLS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ZEGENHAGEN, J (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,HEISENBERGSTR 1,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. NR 13 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 9 BP 763 EP 767 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(94)00866-3 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QJ024 UT WOS:A1995QJ02400009 ER PT J AU YUAN, SL YANG, ZJ KIMURA, T KADOWAKI, K AF YUAN, SL YANG, ZJ KIMURA, T KADOWAKI, K TI LORENTZ FORCE INDEPENDENT OUT-OF-PLANE RESISTIVE DISSIPATION IN SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE LA1.86SR0.14CUO4 SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; FLUCTUATIONS; MECHANISM; FILMS AB The out-of-plane resistivity as a function of temperature, magnetic field and its orientation is measured directly by means of transport currents along the c-axis for single crystalline La1.86Sr0.14CuO4. The results emphasize that the dissipation is not dominated by the Lorentz force driven vortex motion. Previously considered Lorentz force free dissipation models are reexamined. Our analysis shows that none of them can give a reasonable interpretation of the experimental findings. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ET 335,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT APPL CHEM,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA LABS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP YUAN, SL (reprint author), ACAD SINICA,INST PLASMA PHYS,HIGH FIELD MAGNET LAB,POB 1126,HEFEI 230031,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 11 BP 933 EP 937 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(94)00772-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QK006 UT WOS:A1995QK00600014 ER PT J AU HOU, JG LU, L CRESPI, VH XIANG, XD ZETTL, A COHEN, ML AF HOU, JG LU, L CRESPI, VH XIANG, XD ZETTL, A COHEN, ML TI RESISTIVITY SATURATION IN ALKALI-DOPED C-60 SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE FULLERENES; ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTIONS; ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL K3C60; RB3C60; SCATTERING; PARAMETERS; C60 AB The high-temperature resisitivity of K and Rb-doped C-60 single crystals was measured with pulsed heating techniques and analyzed within the parallel-resistor extension to Bloch-Boltzmann transport theory. Rb3C60 exhibits resitivity saturation with p(sat)(Rb) approximate to 6 +/- 3m Omega-cm, corresponding to a saturation mean free path of l(sat)(Rb) approximate to 1 +/- 0.5 Angstrom. In contrast K3C60 does not show signs of resistivity saturation up to 800 K, suggesting that p(sat)(K) > 3m Omega-cm and l(sat)(K) < 1.5 Angstrom. The electronic stakes at high temperature have a characteristic length scale significantly smaller than the fcc lattice constant. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Hou, Jianguo/G-5076-2010; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017; OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Crespi, Vincent/0000-0003-3846-3193 NR 29 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 12 BP 973 EP 977 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(94)00915-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QK960 UT WOS:A1995QK96000003 ER PT J AU GANGLE, FJ SCHULTZ, KL MCJANNET, GS EZEKWE, N AF GANGLE, FJ SCHULTZ, KL MCJANNET, GS EZEKWE, N TI IMPROVED OIL-RECOVERY USING HORIZONTAL WELLS AT ELK-HILLS, CALIFORNIA SO SPE DRILLING & COMPLETION LA English DT Article AB Eight horizontal wells have been drilled and completed in a steeply dipping Stevens sand reservoir in the Elk Hills field, Kern County, California. The subject reservoir, called the Stevens 26R, is a turbidite channel sand deposit one mile wide, three miles long, and one mile deep. Formation beds have a gross thickness up to 1,500 feet and dips as high as 60 degrees on the flanks. The original oil column of 1,810 feet has been pulled down to 200 feet by continual production since 1976. The reservoir management operating strategy has been full pressure maintenance by crestal gas injection since 1976. The steep dip of the formation makes gravity drainage the dominant drive mechanism. Additionally, improved recovery is coming from cycling dry gas through the large secondary gas cap region. The prudent placement of the horizontal wells above the oil/water contact promises to improve oil recovery and extend the operating life of the reservoir. Field results are given to compare the performance of the horizontal wells with the conventional wells. The horizontal wells produce at higher rates, lower draw downs, and lower gas/oil ratio which will extend the life of the project and result in higher recovery. C1 BECHTEL PETR OPERAT INC,ELK HILLS NAVAL PETR RESERVE,SIMULAT APPLICAT GRP,ELK HILLS,CA. RP GANGLE, FJ (reprint author), US DOE,WELL OPERAT BRANCH,ELK HILLS,CA, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 SN 1064-6671 J9 SPE DRILL COMPLETION JI SPE Drill. & Complet. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 10 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 PG 7 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA QN611 UT WOS:A1995QN61100005 ER PT J AU VINCZE, L JANSSENS, K ADAMS, F RIVERS, ML JONES, KW AF VINCZE, L JANSSENS, K ADAMS, F RIVERS, ML JONES, KW TI A GENERAL MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION OF ED-XRF SPECTROMETERS .2. POLARIZED MONOCHROMATIC RADIATION, HOMOGENEOUS SAMPLES SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; TRACE-ELEMENT DETERMINATIONS; UNPOLARIZED RADIATION; SCATTERING; MICROPROBE; RAYLEIGH; COMPTON AB A general Monte Carlo code for the simulation of X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, described in a previous paper is extended to predict the spectral response of instruments employing polarized exciting radiation. Details of the calculation method specific for the correct simulation of photon-matter scatter interactions in case of polarized X-ray beams are presented. Comparisons are made with experimentally collected spectral data obtained from a monochromatic X-ray fluorescence setup installed at a synchrotron radiation source. The use of the simulation code for quantitative analysis of intermediate and massive samples is also demonstrated. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RP VINCZE, L (reprint author), UNIV ANTWERP,DEPT CHEM,UNIV PLEIN 1,B-2610 ANTWERP,BELGIUM. RI Janssens, Koen/B-8049-2011 OI Janssens, Koen/0000-0002-6752-6408 NR 23 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 50 IS 2 BP 127 EP 147 DI 10.1016/0584-8547(94)00124-E PG 21 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA QW791 UT WOS:A1995QW79100002 ER PT J AU STOREY, J BARBER, T SHELTON, B WACHTER, E CARRON, K JIANG, Y AF STOREY, J BARBER, T SHELTON, B WACHTER, E CARRON, K JIANG, Y TI APPLICATIONS OF SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING (SERS) TO CHEMICAL-DETECTION SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID SENSOR; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMETRY; ELECTRODE C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. PELLISSIPPI STATE COLL,KNOXVILLE,TN. UNIV WYOMING,DEPT CHEM,LARAMIE,WY 82071. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 20 EP 25 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA RF255 UT WOS:A1995RF25500004 ER PT J AU OLKEN, F ROTEM, D AF OLKEN, F ROTEM, D TI RANDOM SAMPLING FROM DATABASES - A SURVEY SO STATISTICS AND COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE CLUSTERED SAMPLING; ESTIMATION; MATERIALIZED VIEWS; QUERY OPTIMIZATION; QUERY RESULT SIZE ESTIMATION; QUERY PROCESSING; RANDOM SAMPLING; RELATIONAL DATABASES; RESERVOIR SAMPLING; SAMPLING ALGORITHMS; SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING; SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING; SIZE OF PROJECTIONS; SIZE OF TRANSITIVE CLOSURE ID TREE-STRUCTURED FILES; MATERIALIZED VIEWS; PERFORMANCE; INFORMATION; EXPRESSIONS; NUMBER AB This paper reviews recent literature on techniques for obtaining random samples from databases. We begin with a discussion of why one would want to include sampling facilities in database management systems. We then review basic sampling techniques used in constructing DBMS sampling algorithms, e.g. acceptance/rejection and reservoir sampling. A discussion of sampling from various data structures follows: B+ trees, hash files, spatial data structures (including R-trees and quadtrees). Algorithms for sampling from simple relational queries, e.g. single relational operators such as selection, intersection, union, set difference, projection, and join are then described. We then describe sampling for estimation of aggregates (e.g. the size of query results). Here we discuss both clustered sampling, and sequential sampling approaches, Decision-theoretic approaches to sampling for query optimization are reviewed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV INFORMAT & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,SCH BUSINESS,DEPT MANAGEMENT INFORMAT SYST,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. NR 90 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0960-3174 J9 STAT COMPUT JI Stat. Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 25 EP 42 DI 10.1007/BF00140664 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA QM473 UT WOS:A1995QM47300004 ER PT J AU OLKEN, F ROTEM, D AF OLKEN, F ROTEM, D TI SAMPLING FROM SPATIAL DATABASES SO STATISTICS AND COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; GIS; QUADTREES; QUERY PROCESSING; QUERY OPTIMIZATION; R-TREES; RANDOM SAMPLING; RELATIONAL DATABASES; RESERVOIR SAMPLING; SAMPLING ALGORITHMS; SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING; SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING; SPATIAL DATA STRUCTURES; SPATIAL DATABASES AB This paper deals with techniques for obtaining random point samples from spatial databases. We seek random points from a continuous domain (usually R(2)) which satisfy a spatial predicate that is represented in the database as a collection of polygons. Several applications of spatial sampling (e.g. environmental monitoring, agronomy, forestry, etc) are described. Sampling problems are characterized in terms of two key parameters: coverage (selectivity), and expected slabbing number (overlap). We discuss two fundamental approaches to sampling with spatial predicates, depending on whether we sample first or evaluate the predicate first. The approaches are described in the context of both quadtrees and R-trees, detailing the sample first, acceptance/rejection tree, and partial area tree algorithms. A sequential algorithm, the one-pass spatial reservoir algorithm is also described. The relative performance of the various sampling algorithms is compared and choice of preferred algorithms is suggested. We conclude with a short discussion of possible extensions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV INFORMAT & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,SCH BUSINESS,DEPT MANAGEMENT INFORMAT SYST,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0960-3174 J9 STAT COMPUT JI Stat. Comput. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 43 EP 57 DI 10.1007/BF00140665 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA QM473 UT WOS:A1995QM47300005 ER PT J AU LI, YF SHENG, ZZ REN, ZF WANG, JH GORETTA, KC AF LI, YF SHENG, ZZ REN, ZF WANG, JH GORETTA, KC TI FABRICATION OF AG-CLAD (TI,V)(SR,BA)(2)CA2CU3OY SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL CURRENTS; PHASE; TL; DEPENDENCE; WIRES; BI AB Ag-clad (TI, V)(Sr, Ba)(2)Ca2Cu3Oy tapes were fabricated by a powder-in-tube process. The tapes exhibited no discernible favourable texture. Critical current density (J(c)) values at 77 K were < 2000 A cm(-2) and were strongly influenced by heat treatment temperature and time. Pressing before the final annealing reduced the tape thickness and increased the J(c). C1 SUNY BUFFALO,SUPERCONDUCT MAT LAB,BUFFALO,NY 14214. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LI, YF (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT PHYS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701, USA. RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 8 IS 3 BP 174 EP 176 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/8/3/008 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QN370 UT WOS:A1995QN37000009 ER PT J AU MATERER, N STARKE, U BARBIERI, A DOLL, R HEINZ, K VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA AF MATERER, N STARKE, U BARBIERI, A DOLL, R HEINZ, K VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA TI RELIABILITY OF DETAILED LEED STRUCTURAL-ANALYSES - PT(111) AND PT(111)-P(2X2)-O SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CHALCOGENS; CHEMISORPTION; ELECTRON-SOLID INTERACTIONS, SCATTERING, DIFFRACTION; LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; LOW INDEX SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACES; METALLIC FILMS; PLATINUM; SURFACE RELAXATION AND RECONSTRUCTION ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; TENSOR LEED; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ADSORPTION; RECONSTRUCTION; RELAXATION; OXYGEN; H2O AB As surface structures are being examined in more detail than ever before, the reliability of structural details becomes an important issue. To discuss necessary components of a high quality, reliable dynamical LEED studies, detailed dynamical LEED analyses of the clean Pt(111) and the Pt(111)-p(2x2)-O structures have been carried out utilizing different computer programs and search methods applied to a common see of experimental LEED I-V data. We have investigated the effects of various non-structural parameters, in particular those involved in the construction of the phase shifts, on the resulting structures of the clean Pt(111) and the Pt(111)-p(2x2)-O surfaces. The use of relativistic Pt phase shifts is found to be important in order to determine the adsorption structure accurately. For clean Pt(111), we find the top interlayer spacing is noticeably expanded by 0.025+/-0.01 Angstrom with a low R(p)-factor value of 0.15. For the Pt(111)-p(2x2)-O system we find an R(p)-factor of 0.18. O atoms in the p(2x2)-O overlayer are found to adsorb in fcc-hollow sites and induce buckling in both the first and second metal layers. In addition, there is an expansion of the first metal-metal interlayer spacing and a small contraction of the second. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG,LEHRSTUHL FESTKORPERPHYS,D-91058 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 41 TC 155 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 325 IS 3 BP 207 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(94)00703-9 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA QJ373 UT WOS:A1995QJ37300005 ER PT J AU VOLKOW, ND GATLEY, SJ FOWLER, JS CHEN, R LOGAN, J DEWEY, SL DING, YS PAPPAS, N KING, P MACGREGOR, RR KUHAR, MJ CARROLL, FI WOLF, AP AF VOLKOW, ND GATLEY, SJ FOWLER, JS CHEN, R LOGAN, J DEWEY, SL DING, YS PAPPAS, N KING, P MACGREGOR, RR KUHAR, MJ CARROLL, FI WOLF, AP TI LONG-LASTING INHIBITION OF IN-VIVO COCAINE BINDING TO DOPAMINE TRANSPORTERS BY 3-BETA-(4-IODOPHENYL)TROPANE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL-ESTER - RTI-55 OR BETA-CIT SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article DE C-11; BABOON; PET ID AGONIST-INDUCED DESENSITIZATION; UPTAKE SITES; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTERS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; RECEPTORS; INVIVO; BRAIN; BABOON; SPECT; PAROXETINE AB Cocaine analogs such as 3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester (RTI-55 or beta CIT) with a higher affinity for the dopamine transporter (DAT) may be potentially useful in interfering with cocaine's actions in brain. This study evaluates the time course of the effects of RTI-55 on cocaine binding in baboon brain using PET and [C-11]cocaine. [C-11]Cocaine binding was measured prior to, and 90 minutes, 24 hours, 4-5 days and 11-13 days after RTI-55 (0.3 mg/kg i.v.). Parallel studies with [H-3]cocaine and RTI-55 (0.5 mg/kg i.v. or 2 mg/kg i.p.) were performed in the mouse. RTI-55 significantly inhibited [C-11]cocaine binding at 90 minutes and 24 hours after administration. The half-life for the clearance of RTI-55 from the DAT was estimated to be 2 to 3 days in the baboon brain. In the mouse brain, RTI-55 significantly inhibited [H-3]cocaine binding at 60 and 180 minutes after administration and recovery was observed at 12 hours. These results document long-lasting inhibition of cocaine binding by RTI-55 and corroborate that binding kinetics of RTI-55 in striatum observed in imaging studies with [I-123]RTI-55 represents binding to DATs. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PSYCHIAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NEUROSCI BRANCH,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP VOLKOW, ND (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,BLDG 490,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Chen, Robert/B-3899-2009 OI Chen, Robert/0000-0002-8371-8629 FU NIDA NIH HHS [5RO1-DA06278] NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD MAR PY 1995 VL 19 IS 3 BP 206 EP 211 DI 10.1002/syn.890190308 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA QM232 UT WOS:A1995QM23200007 PM 7784960 ER PT J AU POPLAWSKI, J EHRENFREUND, E CORNIL, J BREDAS, JL PUGH, R IBRAHIM, M FRANK, AJ AF POPLAWSKI, J EHRENFREUND, E CORNIL, J BREDAS, JL PUGH, R IBRAHIM, M FRANK, AJ TI PHOTOGENERATION OF POLARONS IN SEXITHIOPHENE OLIGOMERS SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals (ICSM 94) CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA ID MODEL AB We present studies of neutral films of sexithiophene (6T) using the photoinduced absorption spectroscopy technique. We find two strong absorption bands very similar in energy (0.80 and 1.54 eV) and shape (both feature shoulders) to those found for the radical cation 6T(0+), In addition, there is a weak band (at 1.1 eV) similar in energy to that of the dication related band (1.2 eV for 6(++)). Measurements of the modulation frequency and temperature dependence of the photogenerated defects show that the main long lived nonlinear excitations are polarons (radical cations). C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. UNIV MONS HAINAUT,SERV CHIM MAT NOUVEAUX,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP POPLAWSKI, J (reprint author), TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,INST SOLID STATE,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RI Ehrenfreund, Eitan/B-6680-2008; Bredas, Jean-Luc/A-3431-2008 OI Bredas, Jean-Luc/0000-0001-7278-4471 NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD MAR 1 PY 1995 VL 69 IS 1-3 BP 401 EP 402 DI 10.1016/0379-6779(94)02506-T PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA QL601 UT WOS:A1995QL60100168 ER PT J AU FORD, A AF FORD, A TI SIMULATING THE CONTROLLABILITY OF FEEBATES SO SYSTEM DYNAMICS REVIEW LA English DT Article AB System dynamics is used to simulate the impact of feebates to encourage the sale of cleaner vehicles in southern California. With a feebate system, fees would be imposed on dirty vehicles to finance rebates for clean vehicles. The model is used to learn whether the State of California could operate a feebate system in a financially prudent manner. I consider an example in which fees are imposed on conventional vehicles, and rebates are used to encourage the sale of electric vehicles. The simulations show that feebates can be controlled despite the many uncertainties in predicting the future sales of both conventional and electric vehicles. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENERGY SYST & POLICY GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP FORD, A (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,PROGRAM ENVIRONM SCI & REG PLANNING,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0883-7066 J9 SYST DYNAM REV JI Syst. Dyn. Rev. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 1 BP 3 EP 29 DI 10.1002/sdr.4260110103 PG 27 WC Management; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA QN094 UT WOS:A1995QN09400001 ER PT J AU BAUMANN, EW AF BAUMANN, EW TI COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF LOW PH WITH MALACHITE GREEN SO TALANTA LA English DT Article AB A spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of concentration-based pH values from 0 to 2 with Malachite Green indicator. A quadratic model equation was based on the ratio of the absorbances of the peak at 618 nm and the isosbestic point at 518 nm. Normalization to the isosbestic point was used to stabilize the response because the color faded; the useful time interval was within 5 min after indicator addition. Model and verification sets agreed within +/-0.02 pH units between pH 0.3 and 1.8. This excellent precision makes the colorimetric method useful for acid determinations with a relative precision of > +/-5%. The presence of salts at a salt/acid equivalent ratio >0.1 caused a low pH bias. RP BAUMANN, EW (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD MAR PY 1995 VL 42 IS 3 BP 457 EP 462 DI 10.1016/0039-9140(95)01274-F PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA QT573 UT WOS:A1995QT57300022 PM 18966252 ER PT J AU HERYADI, D YEAGER, DL GOLAB, JT NICHOLS, JA AF HERYADI, D YEAGER, DL GOLAB, JT NICHOLS, JA TI THE MULTICONFIGURATIONAL SPIN TENSOR ELECTRON PROPAGATOR METHOD (MCSTEP) - COMPARISON WITH EXTENDED KOOPMANS THEOREM RESULTS SO THEORETICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE IONIZATION; PROPAGATORS; IONIZATION POTENTIAL; MCSTEP; GREENS FUNCTIONS ID GAUSSIAN BASIS FUNCTIONS; OPEN-SHELL SYSTEMS; FIRST-ROW ATOMS; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; CROSS-SECTIONS; BASIS SETS; ZR M AB We applied the multiconfigurational spin tenser electron propagator method (MCSTEP) for determining the lowest few (in energy) vertical ionization potentials (IPs) of HF, H2O, NH3, CH4, N-2, CO, HNC, HCN, C2H2, H2CO, and B2H6. We chose these molecules so that we could compare MCSTEP IPs with recently reported extended Koopmans' theorem (EKT) IPs on the same molecules. Using standard Dunning core-valence basis sets with relatively small complete active spaces, MCSTEP results are in very good to excellent agreement with experiment. These MCSTEP IPs are obtained using matrices no larger than 400 x 400. EKT matrices are even smaller; however, to obtain similar but generally slightly worse agreement with experiment, fairly large active spaces are required with EKT. C1 AMOCO CHEM CO, NAPERVILLE, IL 60566 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP HERYADI, D (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT CHEM, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. RI Yeager, Danny/D-3679-2015; OI Yeager, Danny/0000-0001-9832-0034; Nichols, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5454-9726 NR 60 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0040-5744 J9 THEOR CHIM ACTA JI Theor. Chim. Acta PD MAR PY 1995 VL 90 IS 5-6 BP 273 EP 290 DI 10.1007/s002140050072 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QP648 UT WOS:A1995QP64800001 ER PT J AU CHEN, EP AF CHEN, EP TI NUMERICAL-SIMULATION OF PENETRATION OF ALUMINUM TARGETS BY SPHERICAL-NOSE STEEL RODS SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article AB Numerical simulations of the penetration processes in aluminium blocks by spherical-nose steel rods were performed in this study. The specific impact configuration of this study involves 152-mm diameter 6061-T651 aluminum bars impacted by spherical-nose projectiles machined from T-200 maraging steel rods at nominal impact velocities between 300 and 1000 m/s. The transient dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA2D was used for the numerical analysis. The erosion capability in LS-DYNA2D was exercised in conjunction with the maximum equivalent plastic strain criterion to carry out failure simulations in the target. Calculated results were compared to the experimental data. Good correlation was obtained. RP CHEN, EP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8442 J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 22 IS 2 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0167-8442(94)00056-7 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA QY078 UT WOS:A1995QY07800007 ER PT J AU EATON, RR MCCORD, JT AF EATON, RR MCCORD, JT TI EFFECTIVE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITIES IN UNSATURATED HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA BY MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Effective Constitutive Laws in Heterogeneous Porous Media, at the American-Geophysical-Union 1992 Fall Meeting, Special Session of the Hydrology Section of the AGU CY DEC, 1992 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Geophys Union DE HETEROGENEITY; EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ID STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; WATER-FLOW; SOILS; ANISOTROPY AB When modeling flow and transport through unsaturated heterogeneous geological deposits, it may be neither computationally nor technically feasible to account for the actual heterogeneity in the simulations. One would fall short in terms of technical feasibility because there is simply no way that the entire spatial domain could be characterized (e.g., you cannot measure hydraulic conductivity at every location at a site). With respect to computational feasibility, the non-linear nature of the Richards equation (which is used to model the flow process) makes simulation of most sites extremely computationally intensive. The computational roadblock is being dismantled as computer hardware advances, but our inability to precisely characterize geological heterogeneity is expected to remain with us for a very long time. To address this problem, the analyst typically uses average or 'effective' properties to model flow and transport behavior through heterogeneous media. In this paper, a variety of approaches for developing effective unsaturated flow properties are assessed. Computational results have been obtained which give the hydraulic conductivity ratios (K-parallel/K-normal) for highly nonisotropic layered materials. These results are compared with analytical models. Good agreement was obtained for all soil saturation levels except for extremely dry conditions. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT ENVIRONM RISK ASSESSMENT, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT THERMAL & FLUID ENGN, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 EI 1573-1634 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 3 BP 203 EP 216 DI 10.1007/BF00616931 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RM906 UT WOS:A1995RM90600002 ER PT J AU GARDINER, K MURAL, RJ AF GARDINER, K MURAL, RJ TI GETTING THE MESSAGE - IDENTIFYING TRANSCRIBED SEQUENCES SO TRENDS IN GENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID SELECTION; GENES C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GARDINER, K (reprint author), ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INST CANC RES,DENVER,CO 80206, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0168-9525 J9 TRENDS GENET JI Trends Genet. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 11 IS 3 BP 77 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0168-9525(00)89003-4 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA QM647 UT WOS:A1995QM64700001 PM 7732574 ER PT J AU BARRATTBOYES, SM ROSSITTO, PV TAYLOR, BC ELLIS, JA MACLACHLAN, NJ AF BARRATTBOYES, SM ROSSITTO, PV TAYLOR, BC ELLIS, JA MACLACHLAN, NJ TI RESPONSE OF THE REGIONAL LYMPH-NODE TO BLUETONGUE VIRUS-INFECTION IN CALVES SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BOVINE LYMPHOCYTES-T; IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SUBSET; ANTIGEN; SHEEP; INVITRO AB Bluetongue virus (BTV) infection of cattle is characterized by prolonged cell-associated viremia. In an effort to further evaluate the antiviral response of BTV-infected cattle, the role of the regional lymph node (LN) in the immune response of calves to BTV was characterized. Calves were inoculated with BTV in the skin of the neck in an area drained by the superficial cervical LN. Calves were euthanized at regular intervals after inoculation and both BTV-challenged and contralateral (control) superficial cervical LNs were harvested, In addition, some calves had cannulation of the superficial cervical efferent lymphatics prior to inoculation. Lymphocyte subpopulation analysis was done on LN cell suspensions and lymph cells using a panel of cell-specific monoclonal antibodies. There was a significant increase in the proportion of B cells in the challenged LN after inoculation as compared with the control LN. In addition, BTV-specific antibodies were detected in efferent lymph plasma from the challenged LN in one cannulated calf by 9 days after inoculation (DAI), as determined by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas BTV-specific antibodies were not detected in serum from this calf through 12 DAI. Analysis of lymph cells revealed a sustained increase in cell output from the challenged LN due to an increase in lymphoblasts and CD8(+) T cells, In contrast, the cell output from the control LN dropped markedly by 8 DAI and there was no significant increase in any specific cell population. Double label analysis characterized lymphoblasts as activated CD8(+) cells, as determined by expression of MHC Class II antigens (CD8(+) MHC II+). These cells were only transiently present as CD8(+) MHC II+ cells were not identified in lymph from the challenged LN at 14 DAI. Few CD8(+) MHC II+ cells were identified at any time in lymph from the control LN or in lymph from a mock infected calf. The data indicate that B cell proliferation in the challenged LN and release of activated CD8(+) cells from this LN were specific responses to BTV infection. The rapid expansion of activated CD8(+) T cells indicates that these cells may limit early viral spread. It is concluded that the regional LN draining inoculated skin is critical to the immune response of calves to BTV infection. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOL MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,WESTERN COLL VET MED,DEPT VET MICROBIOL,SASKATOON,SK S7N 0W0,CANADA. OI Barratt Boyes, Simon/0000-0002-8869-4945 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0165-2427(94)05331-L PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA QQ781 UT WOS:A1995QQ78100006 PM 7604539 ER PT J AU RAMARAO, BS LAVENUE, AM DEMARSILY, G MARIETTA, MG AF RAMARAO, BS LAVENUE, AM DEMARSILY, G MARIETTA, MG TI PILOT POINT METHODOLOGY FOR AUTOMATED CALIBRATION OF AN ENSEMBLE OF CONDITIONALLY SIMULATED TRANSMISSIVITY FIELDS .1. THEORY AND COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENTS SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STEADY GROUNDWATER-FLOW; HEAD SPATIAL VARIABILITY; COUPLED INVERSE PROBLEMS; PARAMETER-IDENTIFICATION; STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; GEOSTATISTICAL APPROACH; HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; EFFECTIVE RECHARGE; SUBSURFACE FLOWS AB A new methodology for solution of the inverse problem in groundwater hydrology is proposed and applied to a site in southeastern New Mexico with extensive hydrogeologic data. The methodology addresses the issue of nonuniqueness of the inverse solutions by generating an ensemble of transmissivity fields considered to be equally likely, each of which is in agreement with the measured transmissivity and pressure data. It consists of generating a selected number of conditionally simulated transmissivity fields and then calibrating each of the fields to match the measured steady state or transient pressures, in a least squares sense. The calibration phase involves an iterative implementation of an automated pilot point approach coupled with conditional simulations. Pilot points are the parameters of calibration. They are synthetic transmissivity data which are added to the transmissivity database to produce a revised conditional simulation during calibration. Coupled kriging and adjoint Sensitivity analysis is employed for the optimal location of pilot points, and gradient search methods are used to derive their optimal transmissivities. The pilot point methodology is well suited for characterizing the spatial variability of the transmissivity field in contrast to methods using zonation. Pilot points are located where their potential for minimizing the objective function is the highest. This minimizes the perturbations in the transmissivities which are optimally assigned to the pilot point and results in minimal changes to the covariance structure of the transmissivity field. The calibrated fields honor the transmissivity measurements at their locations, preserve the variogram, and match the measured pressures in a least squares sense. Since there are numerous options in the execution of this methodology, computational experiments have been conducted to identify the most efficient among them. The method has been applied to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) site, in southeastern New Mexico, where the U.S. Department of Energy is conducting probabilistic system assessment for the permanent disposal of transuranic nuclear waste. The resulting calibrated transmissivity fields are input to a Monte Carlo analysis of the total system performance. The present paper, paper 1 of a two-paper presentation, describes the methodology. Paper 2, a companion paper, presents the methodology's application to the WIPP site. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV PARIS 06,GEOL APPL LAB,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP RAMARAO, BS (reprint author), INTERA INC,6850 AUSTIN CTR BLVD,SUITE 300,AUSTIN,TX 78731, USA. NR 72 TC 211 Z9 212 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 475 EP 493 DI 10.1029/94WR02258 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QL427 UT WOS:A1995QL42700005 ER PT J AU LAVENUE, AM RAMARAO, BS DEMARSILY, G MARIETTA, MG AF LAVENUE, AM RAMARAO, BS DEMARSILY, G MARIETTA, MG TI PILOT POINT METHODOLOGY FOR AUTOMATED CALIBRATION OF AN ENSEMBLE OF CONDITIONALLY SIMULATED TRANSMISSIVITY FIELDS .2. APPLICATION SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROUNDWATER-FLOW; PARAMETER-IDENTIFICATION; GEOSTATISTICAL APPROACH; STEADY-STATE; AQUIFER; TRANSIENT AB This paper, the second in a two-part series, presents the application of a methodology to assess spatial variability of the transmissivities within a regional aquifer in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), the Culebra dolomite. An innovative aspect of this methodology is the generation of an ensemble of conditional simulations of the transmissivity field which preserve the statistical moments and spatial correlation structure of the measured transmissivity field and honors the measured transmissivity values at their locations. Each simulation is then calibrated, using an iterative procedure, to match an exhaustive set of steady state and transient pressure data. A fully automated inverse algorithm using pilot points as parameters of calibration was employed. The application of this new methodology to the Culebra dolomite flow system produced 70 conditional simulations which were consistent with all the measured transmissivity and head data at the site. Based on an analysis of the calibrated transmissivity fields, the spatial variability of the transmissivity fields was increased as a result of the calibration process. This increase is in part due to the addition of a high-transmissivity feature to each of the transmissivity fields which is needed to match both steady state and transient state head data. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. INTERA INC, AUSTIN, TX 78731 USA. UNIV PARIS 06, GEOL APLIQUEE LAB, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. NR 32 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 495 EP 516 DI 10.1029/94WR02259 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QL427 UT WOS:A1995QL42700006 ER PT J AU WOOD, BD GINN, TR DAWSON, CN AF WOOD, BD GINN, TR DAWSON, CN TI EFFECTS OF MICROBIAL METABOLIC LAG IN CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT AND BIODEGRADATION MODELING SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SQUARE-WAVE PERTURBATIONS; POROUS-MEDIA; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GROWTH; SUBSTRATE; NUTRIENT; TRANSFORMATIONS; DEGRADATION; GROUNDWATER; SUBSURFACE AB A model is introduced for microbial kinetics in porous media that includes effects of transients in the metabolic activity of subsurface microorganisms. The model represents the microbial metabolic activity as a functional of the history of aqueous phase substrates; this dependence is represented as a temporally nonlocal convolution integral. Conceptually, this convolution represents the activity of a microbial component as a fraction of its maximum activity, and it is conventionally known as the metabolic potential. The metabolic potential is used to scale the kinetic expressions to account for the metabolic state of the organisms and allows the representation of delayed response in the microbial kinetic equations. Calculation of the convolution requires the definition of a memory (or kernel) function that upon integration over the substrate history represents the microbial metabolic response. A simple piecewise-linear metabolic potential functional is developed here; however, the approach can be generalized to fit the observed behavior of specific systems of interest. The convolution that results from the general form of this model is nonlinear; these nonlinearities are handled by using two separate memory functions and by scaling the domains of the convolution integrals. The model is applied to describe the aerobic degradation of benzene in saturated porous media. Comparative simulations show that metabolic lag can be used to consistently describe observations and that a convolution form can effectively represent microbial lag for this system. Simulations also show that disregarding metabolic lag when it exists can lead to overestimation of the amount of substrate degraded. C1 RICE UNIV, DEPT MATH SCI, HOUSTON, TX 77001 USA. RP WOOD, BD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Wood, Brian/K-4025-2012; Wood, Brian/J-8362-2013 OI Wood, Brian/0000-0003-3152-7852; Wood, Brian/0000-0003-3152-7852 NR 45 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 553 EP 563 DI 10.1029/94WR02533 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QL427 UT WOS:A1995QL42700010 ER PT J AU STORMONT, JC AF STORMONT, JC TI THE EFFECT OF CONSTANT ANISOTROPY ON CAPILLARY BARRIER PERFORMANCE SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID DIVERSION CAPACITY AB Ross' solution for the divergence capacity of a capillary barrier is modified to incorporate constant hydraulic conductivity anisotropy of the fine layer. The analysis assumes steady infiltration and that the principal directions of the hydraulic conductivity tenser are parallel and normal to the fine-coarse contact. The solutions for divergence capacity and length have two terms. The first term, similar to the solution of Ross, represents the diversion due to the presence of the capillary barrier and is proportional to the hydraulic conductivity parallel to the contact. The second term, which arises from infiltration into an anisotropic medium independent of the capillary barrier, is a function of the fine layer thickness and will be small for engineered barriers. Thus an anisotropic fine layer with a greater hydraulic conductivity in the direction parallel to the fine-coarse contact will extend the performance of a capillary barrier as measured by its divergence capacity and length. RP STORMONT, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ENVIRONM RESTORAT TECHNOL,MS 0719,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 3 BP 783 EP 785 DI 10.1029/94WR03001 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QL427 UT WOS:A1995QL42700028 ER PT J AU HUGHES, DA DAWSON, DB KORELLIS, JS WEINGARTEN, LI AF HUGHES, DA DAWSON, DB KORELLIS, JS WEINGARTEN, LI TI A MICROSTRUCTURALLY BASED METHOD FOR STRESS ESTIMATES SO WEAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Wear of Materials CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA DE STRESS; MICROSTRUCTURE; SURFACE LAYERS; FRICTIONAL CONTACT ID STRAIN PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; FLOW-STRESS; ASPERITY DEFORMATION; SLIDING CONTACT; GRAIN-SIZE; FRICTION; DEPENDENCE; WEAR; SURFACE; COPPER AB A method is described in which quantitative microstructural analysis is used to estimate the local stress and strain states occurring within near-surface layers due to frictional contact. Quantitative estimates of local stress and strain have applications in friction and wear models, in finite element analysis of sliding interfaces, and as a basis for formulating and evaluating models on a local scale. This method is illustrated for three cases of dry sliding on nominally flat surfaces. Sliding tests were performed on a flat plate friction tester, developed at Sandia, which used copper friction samples and a steel test platen. The evolving friction coefficients were measured as a function of normal load and sliding speed. Microstructural analyses included both scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) of the cross-sectioned friction samples. The sliding-induced dislocation substructures were quantitatively characterized and measured as a function of subsurface depth and normal load. Two simple relationships between the size scale of the dislocation substructure and the flow stress were used to estimate the material properties and the stress state as a function of depth and normal load. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, CTR MAT & APPL MECH, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 54 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 EI 1873-2577 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD MAR PY 1995 VL 181 BP 458 EP 468 PN 2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QP270 UT WOS:A1995QP27000005 ER PT J AU WATSON, SW MADSEN, BW CRAMER, SD AF WATSON, SW MADSEN, BW CRAMER, SD TI WEAR CORROSION STUDY OF WHITE CAST IRONS SO WEAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Wear of Materials CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA DE WHITE CAST IRONS; WEAR-CORROSION; SYNERGISM; IRON CHROMIUM CARBIDES; CHROMIUM CARBIDES; IRON-CHROMIUM ALLOYS AB A US Bureau of Mines study to quantify synergism between wear and corrosion of white cast iron in an aqueous sulfate environment was conducted using a rotating cylinder-anvil apparatus. A commercial 13.5% Cr white cast iron sample and the individual constituents of a white cast iron were studied to determine the role of each phase in the degradation processes of wear, corrosion and wear-corrosion synergism. These constituent phases consisting of matrix (13%Cr-87%Fe), Cr-depleted matrix (5%Cr-95%Fe) two M(7)C(3)'s and two M(3)C (where M=Fe,Cr) were fabricated by powder metallurgy. The wear-corrosion studies consisted of four tests: the potentiodynamic polarization tests with and without anvil pressure and wear tests with and without cathodic protection. The force on the anvils was 28 kg and the rotation speed of the approximately 2.5 cm diameter samples was 5.24 (rad s(-1)) with peripheral velocity of 0.0654 m s(-1). Even though corrosion alone was a small percentage of the total degradation, representing as little as 0.1% of the total degradation, the wear-corrosion synergism contribution was significant, accounting for as much as 91% of the total degradation. RP WATSON, SW (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 7 TC 34 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD MAR PY 1995 VL 181 BP 469 EP 475 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QP270 UT WOS:A1995QP27000006 ER PT J AU WATSON, SW FRIEDERSDORF, FJ MADSEN, BW CRAMER, SD AF WATSON, SW FRIEDERSDORF, FJ MADSEN, BW CRAMER, SD TI METHODS OF MEASURING WEAR CORROSION SYNERGISM SO WEAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Wear of Materials CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA DE SYNERGISM; WEAR-CORROSION; PENETRATION EQUATIONS; CORROSION-EROSION; ABRASIVE WEAR; SLIDING WEAR ID ABRASION; STEEL AB Wear and corrosion involve many mechanical and chemical mechanisms, and the combined action of these mechanisms often result in significant mutual reinforcement. Other researchers have studied the interactions of wear and corrosion in a qualitative way for specific wear-corrosion environments. The US Bureau of Mines is interested in presenting the results of wear, corrosion and wear-corrosion tests in a standard format, so that these data can be utilized to develop practical engineering criteria for any tribosystem. To reach this goal, penetration rate equations have been developed to quantify the wear and corrosion processes and wear-corrosion synergism. RP WATSON, SW (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 20 TC 128 Z9 139 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD MAR PY 1995 VL 181 BP 476 EP 484 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QP270 UT WOS:A1995QP27000007 ER PT J AU WESTERFIELD, C AGNEW, S AF WESTERFIELD, C AGNEW, S TI IR STUDY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF BOUNDARY LUBRICATION WITH HIGH-TEMPERATURE AND HIGH-PRESSURE SHEAR SO WEAR LA English DT Note CT 10th International Conference on Wear of Materials CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA DE LUBRICATION; SHEAR; SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY AB A unique diamond anvil cell has been constructed which permits the spectroscopic study of boundary layers under conditions of high temperature, high pressure and shear. We have used this cell in combination with Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to probe the function of stearic acid and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDDP) as boundary layer enhancer. We have shown that thick boundary layers (about 1 mu m) of stearic acid continue to exist at pressures as high as 5.0 GPa (725 000 lbf in(-2)). We have also demonstrated that the decomposition of ZnDDP in mineral oil under static high pressure and high temperature is first enhanced by increasing the pressure, reaching a maximum at about 0.7 GPa (about 10 000 lbf in(-2)), and is thereafter retarded by further increases in pressure. This result suggests that the decomposition of ZnDDP is triggered by pressure increases associated with boundary lubrication rather than by frictional heating. The decomposition results in the formation of a thick inorganic protective film at those surfaces associated with high wear. RP WESTERFIELD, C (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP CST4,MAIL STOP J586,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD MAR PY 1995 VL 181 BP 805 EP 809 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA QP270 UT WOS:A1995QP27000045 ER PT J AU LIDE, RF MEENTEMEYER, VG PINDER, JE BEATTY, LM AF LIDE, RF MEENTEMEYER, VG PINDER, JE BEATTY, LM TI HYDROLOGY OF A CAROLINA BAY LOCATED ON THE UPPER COASTAL-PLAIN OF WESTERN SOUTH-CAROLINA SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE CAROLINA BAY; HYDROLOGY; WATER BALANCE; WETLANDS AB Thousands of Carolina bays are found on the Atlantic Coastal Plain between northern Florida and New Jersey. Most of these shallow depressions are wetlands, and many hold temporary ponds that fluctuate in response to seasonal or long-term climatic conditions. Despite the abundance of bays, few studies have described their hydrologic regime. This study examines the hydrologic interactions of Thunder Bay, a 7-ha Carolina bay located on the Upper Coastal Plain of western South Carolina. Data from 38 piezometers, borehole logs, and records of pond stage and weather indicate that water ponded at Thunder Bay is a surface expression of the water table. Although fluctuation of pond stage is largely controlled by precipitation and evapotranspiration, nearly continuous seepage losses coupled with periodic ground-water inflow are also important components of Thunder Bay's hydrologic regime. RP LIDE, RF (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 0 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 14 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD MAR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 1 BP 47 EP 57 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QP679 UT WOS:A1995QP67900006 ER PT J AU WARNOCK, N PAGE, GW STENZEL, LE AF WARNOCK, N PAGE, GW STENZEL, LE TI NONMIGRATORY MOVEMENTS OF DUNLINS ON THEIR CALIFORNIA WINTERING GROUNDS SO WILSON BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB In 1991-1992, we tracked 150 marked Dunlins (Calidris alpina) from two central California coastal sites to ascertain if they made winter-time movements to inland areas and examined census data from these and other coastal sites to document the possible extent and frequency of these movements. Between December 1991 and January 1992, Dunlin numbers at four central California coastal sites decreased by 44-84% during periods of heavy rain. Subsequently, six or seven of the marked Dunlins from one of these sites were located inland, up to 140 km away. The sudden disappearance of more than 40% of the wintering Dunlins from this coastal area in 10 of 21 years suggests that such movements may be fairly frequent. Median (October-March) numbers of Dunlins at this site during the 21 years were negatively correlated with local rainfall, suggesting a relationship between winter storm activity and the level of use of coastal sites. It remains to be determined whether deteriorating conditions in coastal wetlands or the increased availability of inland habitats related to winter storms is responsible for reducing Dunlin winter-time use of coastal sites. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DAVIS,CA 95616. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. POINT REYES BIRD OBSERV,STINSON BEACH,CA 94970. NR 22 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI ANN ARBOR PA MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 SN 0043-5643 J9 WILSON BULL JI Wilson Bull. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 107 IS 1 BP 131 EP 139 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA QM261 UT WOS:A1995QM26100011 ER PT J AU WHATTAM, K AF WHATTAM, K TI BIOPROCESS HELPS MAKE WASTE TIRES RECYCLABLE SO WORLD WASTES LA English DT Editorial Material RP WHATTAM, K (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARGUS BUSINESS PI PITTSFIELD PA PO BOX 5111, PITTSFIELD, MA 01203-9830 SN 0161-035X J9 WORLD WASTE PD MAR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 3 BP 14 EP + PG 0 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA QK712 UT WOS:A1995QK71200006 ER PT J AU ALBER, T BACHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, MA BOCK, R BRAITHWAITE, WJ BRINKMANN, D BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHAN, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, PB CRAMER, JG DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FREUND, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, JY LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MITCHELL, JT MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, AM PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROHRICH, D ROLAND, G ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, TA VASILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VRANIC, D WENIG, S WOSIEK, B AF ALBER, T BACHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, MA BOCK, R BRAITHWAITE, WJ BRINKMANN, D BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHAN, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, PB CRAMER, JG DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FREUND, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, JY LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MITCHELL, JT MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, AM PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROHRICH, D ROLAND, G ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, TA VASILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VRANIC, D WENIG, S WOSIEK, B TI 2-PION BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS IN NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AT 200-GEV PER NUCLEON SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HIGH-ENERGY COLLISIONS; PION INTERFEROMETRY; TRANSVERSE EXPANSION; HADRON; NA35; PLASMA; RADII AB Results of a pion interferometry analysis are presented for the reactions S+C, S+S, S+Cu, S+Ag, S+Au and O+Au at 200 GeV per nucleon. Correlation functions were measured for pairs of negative pions in narrow windows of transverse momentum and rapidity, as a function of the three components of the momentum difference vector in cylindrical coordinates. The measured two-pion correlation functions suggest a space-time evolution of the system which proceeds in the following way for central nucleus-nucleus collisions. After interpretation of the incident nuclei, the pion source expands in a boost invariant way along the collision axis. Estimates for the proper time interval between the onset of expansion and pion decoupling, as well as for the duration of pion emission are approximately 4 fm/c and < 2 fm/c, respectively. The k(T) dependence observed for R(S) is consistent with the effect of resonance decays, alone or combined with slow transverse expansion. A linear dependence of the decoupling volume on the multiplicity is observed and indicates pion decoupling at a constant particle density. Presently available model predictions are briefly discussed. C1 INFN BARI,BARI,ITALY. UNIV BARI,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-70124 BARI,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-6000 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG,FAK PHYS,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. INST NUCL STUDIES,WARSAW,POLAND. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,41001 ZAGREB,CROATIA. UNIV MARBURG,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,PL-00325 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PLANT IND,NUCL PHYS LAB GL-10,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP ALBER, T (reprint author), UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GREECE. NR 50 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD MAR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 88 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA QV230 UT WOS:A1995QV23000007 ER PT J AU JOSLIN, DL EASTON, DS LIU, CT DAVID, SA AF JOSLIN, DL EASTON, DS LIU, CT DAVID, SA TI REACTION SYNTHESIS OF FE-AL ALLOYS SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE IRON; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS ID IRON ALUMINIDES; BEHAVIOR AB Reaction synthesis of several Fe-Al alloys has been observed in an evacuated quartz tube under a vacuum of 10(-4) Pa. The compositions studied include 25, 30, 35.8, 45, and 54 at.% Al. Direct observation of the progression of the reaction of compacts formed from 45 mu m Fe and 10 mu m Al powders revealed that an unusual ''two-stage'' rection exists under these conditions. The occurrence of this two-stage reaction is sensitive to the composition, density, and volume of the powder compact. The first stage, which lasts several seconds, starts at around 650 degrees C. After it passes through the powder compact, the temperature continues to rise, and the second reaction begins at about 900 degrees C. The second reaction reaches temperatures between 1250 and 1350 degrees C. Electron microprobe analysis of samples quenched during the first reaction stage revealed the presence of large amounts of FeAl3 together with unalloyed Fe and small amounts of an aluminum-rich phase (similar to 95 at.% Al). Samples allowed to react through the second stage contained primarily FeAl and Fe3Al, with very small amounts of FeAl2. The occurrence of the ''two-stage'' reaction is explained in terms of thermodynamics and heat transfer. RP JOSLIN, DL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 15 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 544 EP 548 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(94)03272-6 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300003 ER PT J AU LI, HX JONES, RH AF LI, HX JONES, RH TI EFFECT OF PRE-WELDING HEAT-TREATMENTS ON WELDING A 2-PHASE NI3AL ALLOY SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE NICKEL; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS; WELDING ID BORON; WELDABILITY; ALUMINIDES AB Autogenous gas-tungsten are welding was performed on a two-phase Ni3Al alloy. Plates 3 mm thick were cut from a cast ingot and were subjected to three pre-welding heat treatments (PWHT), namely as-cast, annealed at 1100 degrees C for 23 h (HT1) and HT1 plus 1120 degrees C/30 min/air cooled (HT2). The as-cast alloy was characterized by dendrites with many eutectic cells located at dendrite boundaries (DBs). The eutectic cells were destroyed by HT1. However, HT2 made no further changes to the microstructure. Analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that the DBs of as-cast ahoy were enriched with Zr. The Zr enrichment at DBs was increased further by HT1 and HT2. No crack visible to the unaided eye was found in either the fusion zone (FZ) or the heat-affected zone (HAZ) due to welding. The FZ consisted of columnar grains with a eutectic structure along the boundaries. The eutectic structure was enriched with Zr and contained many microcracks and some Zr-rich phases. Micro-solidification cracks were occasionally found along boundaries in FZ. The alloy was sensitive to liquidation cracks that occurred along DBs in the HAZ. While PWHT had no effect on the characteristics of the FZ, PWHT had a notable effect on the severity of liquation cracking. The average liquation crack numbers per 5 cm weldment were 12 for as-cast, 14 for HT1 and 17 for HT2. The role of Zr-inducing solidification cracks in FZ and liquation cracks in HAZ is discussed. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP LI, HX (reprint author), ASSOCIATED WESTERN UNIV NW, POB 999, PB-15, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 563 EP 569 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(94)03275-0 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300006 ER PT J AU ALMAN, DE DOGAN, CP HAWK, JA RAWERS, JC AF ALMAN, DE DOGAN, CP HAWK, JA RAWERS, JC TI PROCESSING, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF METAL-INTERMETALLIC LAYERED COMPOSITES SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE METALS; INTERMETALLICS; COMPOSITES ID FOILS; AL AB In this US Bureau of Mines study, metal-intermetallic laminar composites were produced by induction of a self-propagating, high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction at the interface between dissimilar metal foils. The reaction between Ni and Al foils produced a composite that consisted of alternatin,o, well-bonded Ni and Ni2Al3 layers. The initial metallic foil thicknesses (composites were produced from various elemental foils ranging in thickness from 0.05 to 0.25 mm) only affected the volume fraction of the resultant Ni and Ni2Al3 layers and not the actual phases formed. The tensile behavior of these composites were found to be independent of the volume fraction of the layers present in the resultant metal-intermetallic laminar composites. In addition, the fracture behavior of the composites was similar from room temperature to 600 degrees C, with the Ni layers rupturing in a ductile manner after bridging many cracks in the Ni2Al3 layers. Heat treatment of the composite at 950 degrees C for 50 h resulted in a microstructure consisting of Ni and Ni2Al3 layers, but with a thick NiAl interphase layer. Heat treatment at 1150 degrees C resulted in a composite comprising Ni and Ni3Al layers. The microstructure and properties of similarly processed Ti-Al-based composites are discussed. The room-temperature tensile behavior of the Ti-Al composites was sensitive to the volume fraction of the resultant Ti and Al3Ti layers. The feasibility of the production of near-net-shaped metal-intermetallic layer composites by this technique was demonstrated. RP ALMAN, DE (reprint author), US BUR MINES, ALBANY RES CTR, 1450 QUEEN AVE SW, ALBANY, OR 97321 USA. NR 17 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 624 EP 632 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(94)03300-5 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300014 ER PT J AU JIN, Z BIELER, TR AF JIN, Z BIELER, TR TI BACK-STRESS DISTRIBUTION ALONG A THIN TWIN LAYER IN TIAL SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE TITANIUM; ALUMINUM; TWINNING ID CREEP DEFORMATION; INTERSECTIONS; BEHAVIOR AB Mechanical twinning has been found to be an important deformation mechanism in TiAl. However, the details of mechanical twinning mechanisms, such as how mechanical twins nucleate and propagate in TiAl, are not clear, although some fundamental investigations on twin propagation and twin intersections have been pursued. In order to clarify the mechanical twin nucleation and propagation mechanisms in TiAl and the necessary stress conditions for twin propagation in TiAl, the back-stress distribution along a thin twin layer is investigated. The result shows that the back stress drops very quickly near the twin tip and becomes smaller as the distance from the twin tip increases. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH & MAT SCI, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. RP JIN, Z (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 729 EP 732 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)80025-5 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300026 ER PT J AU MIURA, S HORTON, JA LIU, CT SUZUKI, T MISHIMA, Y AF MIURA, S HORTON, JA LIU, CT SUZUKI, T MISHIMA, Y TI DISLOCATION MORPHOLOGY, STRUCTURE AND DENSITY ON (001) SLIP PLANE IN NI-3(AL,TI) SINGLE-CRYSTALS DEFORMED AT ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE DISLOCATION; NICKEL; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM; DEFORMATION; CRYSTALS ID FLOW-STRESS; ORIENTATION DEPENDENCE; YIELD STRESS; STRAIN-RATE; NI3AL; ALLOYS; NI3(AL,TI); MECHANISM; BEHAVIOR; GLIDE AB Ni3Al single crystals with the L1(2) structure and with a [123] orientation with respect to the stress axis were deformed by compression at temperatures above T-p, the yield stress peak temperature, so that (001) cube slip dislocations were introduced. The dislocation morphology, configuration and density on (001) slip planes were examined as functions of the deformation temperature, strain rate and strain by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that dislocations on the cube plane were predominantly of edge character and that within the range studied the dislocation density was largely independent of the deformation temperature, strain rate and strain. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. HOKKAIDO UNIV, DEPT MET ENGN, SAPPORO, HOKKAIDO 060, JAPAN. RP TOKYO INST TECHNOL, PRECIS & INTELLIGENCE LAB, MIDORI KU, 4259 NAGATSUTA, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA 227, JAPAN. RI Miura, Seiji/A-6431-2012; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 769 EP 773 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)03312-2 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300032 ER PT J AU HORTON, JA LIU, CT GEORGE, EP AF HORTON, JA LIU, CT GEORGE, EP TI SHAPE-MEMORY PROPERTIES OF A 2-PHASE NIAL PLUS FE ALLOY SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on High Temperature Intermetallics CY MAY 16-19, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASM INT DE NICKEL; ALUMINUM; IRON; ALLOYS; SHAPE; MEMORY ALLOYS AB The mechanical properties, shape memory properties, microstructure, and phase stability were studied in a two-phase alloy, Ni-25.5Al-16Fe-0.14B (at.%). Boron improved the grain-boundary strength, while iron improved the cleavage strength resulting in about 7% room temperature ductility. Two-way shape memory cycling from 100 to 200 degrees C (A(p)=137 degrees C as measured by differential scanning calorimetry) under a constant load was done as a function of load and tensile prestrain and typically resulted in a recoverable length change of 0.6%. However, after approximately 2000 cycles the shape memory length changes decreased to a level approximately offsetting thermal expansion (about 0.15%). Some of this loss could be recovered by restraining. After this cycling treatment or after 10 days at 100 degrees C or 200 degrees C, the room temperature ductility decreased, and transmission electron microscopy examination at 200 degrees C showed a tweed appearance in some B2 regions apparently due to the formation of a precursor to Ni5Al3 phase is necessary for producing a practical high transformation temperature shape memory alloy based on NiAl. RP HORTON, JA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 1995 VL 192 BP 873 EP 880 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(95)03309-2 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA QR883 UT WOS:A1995QR88300048 ER PT J AU PEDRAZA, AJ KUMAR, RA LOWNDES, DH AF PEDRAZA, AJ KUMAR, RA LOWNDES, DH TI GREATLY IMPROVED ADHESION OF GOLD-FILMS SPUTTER-DEPOSITED ON LASER-TREATED AND THERMALLY ANNEALED ALUMINA SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PEDRAZA, AJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 9 BP 1065 EP 1067 DI 10.1063/1.114231 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QJ449 UT WOS:A1995QJ44900014 ER PT J AU MORTON, R ZHU, B LAU, SS POKER, DB AF MORTON, R ZHU, B LAU, SS POKER, DB TI COIMPLANTATION OF CARBON-IMPLANTED GAAS - ENERGY AND DOSE-RATE OBSERVATIONS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; P-TYPE GAAS; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; DIFFUSION; DAMAGE C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MORTON, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 66 IS 9 BP 1132 EP 1134 DI 10.1063/1.113836 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA QJ449 UT WOS:A1995QJ44900037 ER PT J AU LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD AF LING, MF STAUNTON, JB JOHNSON, DD TI ALL-ELECTRON, LINEAR-RESPONSE THEORY OF LOCAL ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS IN MAGNETIC, METALLIC ALLOYS AND MULTILAYERS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID FE-V; COMPOSITIONAL ORDER; TRANSITION-METALS; POLARIZED NEUTRON; TOTAL-ENERGY; NI; TEMPERATURE; FIELDS; FILMS; HEATS AB We present a theoretical framework for describing atomic short-range order and its effect upon such quantities as magnetization and hyperfine fields in magnetic alloys. All electronic effects are accurately described from a 'first-principles', density functional formalism, within the restriction of a rigid, uniform lattice. These effects include the filling of the spin polarized electronic states, Fermi surface contributions, and the rearrangement of charge and changes to the magnetization as the chemical composition of the alloy fluctuates. We have calculated the magnetochemical response for bulk Fe87V13 and Cr70Fe30 magnetic alloys to compare to those obtained from spin polarized neutron scattering experiments. We also show the utility of these response functions for investigating the changes in, for example, the moments and hyperfine fields for multilayers with varying textures in the case of FeV. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT COMPUTAT MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA. RP LING, MF (reprint author), UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1863 EP 1887 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/7/9/012 PG 25 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA QK639 UT WOS:A1995QK63900012 ER PT J AU ROSEDALE, J BATES, FS ALMDAL, K MORTENSEN, K WIGNALL, GD AF ROSEDALE, J BATES, FS ALMDAL, K MORTENSEN, K WIGNALL, GD TI ORDER AND DISORDER IN SYMMETRICAL DIBLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID MICROPHASE SEPARATION TRANSITION; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; TO-LAMELLAR TRANSITION; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLYMER MIXTURES; MONTE-CARLO; BEHAVIOR; STATE; SHEAR; POLY(ETHYLETHYLENE) AB The thermodynamic and dynamic properties of several partially deuterated symmetric (equal block volume fraction) polyethylene-poly(ethylethylene) (PE-PEE), poly(ethylene-propylene)-poly(ethylethylene) (PEP-PEE), and polyethylene-poly(ethylene-propylene) (PE-PEP) diblock copolymers were characterized above and below the order-disorder transition (ODT). A lamellar morphology was established for all temperatures below the ODT using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements with shear-aligned specimens. As T-ODT is approached, the lamellar order weakens as evidenced by the loss of higher order SANS reflections and azimuthal smearing of the principal equitorial scattering peaks. SANS and theology experiments also provided unambiguous evidence of composition fluctuations above the order-disorder transition temperature in each system. However, the temperature range of the fluctuations in the disordered state depends on the degree of polymerization, in accordance with fluctuation theory. A crossover in the disordered state between slightly and moderately stretched coils was also documented by SANS, coincident with the temperature where fluctuations become apparent theologically. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RISO NATL LAB,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Mortensen, Kell/A-5066-2009; OI Mortensen, Kell/0000-0002-8998-9390; Almdal, Kristoffer/0000-0002-5490-9303 NR 51 TC 161 Z9 161 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1429 EP 1443 DI 10.1021/ma00109a014 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA QK081 UT WOS:A1995QK08100014 ER PT J AU SCHWEIZER, KS DAVID, EF SINGH, C CURRO, JG RAJASEKARAN, JJ AF SCHWEIZER, KS DAVID, EF SINGH, C CURRO, JG RAJASEKARAN, JJ TI STRUCTURE-PROPERTY CORRELATIONS OF ATOMISTIC AND COARSE-GRAINED MODELS OF POLYMER MELTS SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL-EQUATION THEORY; 2ND VIRIAL-COEFFICIENTS; CHARACTERISTIC PARAMETERS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MICROSCOPIC EQUATIONS; POLYETHYLENE MELTS; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; RISM THEORY; N-ALKANES; OF-STATE AB Polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) integral equation theory of polymer melts is applied to investigate the role of local chemical structure on interchain packing and thermodynamic properties such as the isothermal compressibility, cohesive energy, and solubility parameters. Chemically realistic rotational isomeric state model (RIS) level calculations are carried out for polyethylene and isotactic and syndiotactic polypropylene. A strong correlation between the thermodynamic properties and the local depletion regime of interchain packing is found. A series of coarse-grained models of decreasing local realism are then investigated, and various schemes are constructed to estimate the coarse-grained model parameters in terms of polymer structure. For the discrete semiflexible chain and the Gaussian thread models the effects of backbone characteristic ratio and chain branching are incorporated by employing an effective stiffness, or aspect ratio. A strategy for carrying out the mapping from the atomistic to coarse-grained level. based on single-chain conformational and interchain packing considerations is studied. For polyethylene and polypropylene, by enforcing an equality of the zero-angle scattering of the atomistic and coarse-grained models, good agreement is found between the local radial distribution functions and reduced solubility parameters predicted by the various models. Numerical predictions of the semiflexible chain model and analytical results for the Gaussian thread liquid are obtained and compared against RIS-level calculations and experimental estimates of the melt solubility parameters. At least within a homologous series of materials, it appears that appropriately calibrated coarse-grained descriptions can reproduce various structural and thermodynamic properties. This suggests that polymer alloy miscibility can be studied within a homologous series of materials by computationally convenient, coarse-grained models. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP SCHWEIZER, KS (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CHEM & MAT RES LAB,1304 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 77 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1528 EP 1540 DI 10.1021/ma00109a026 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA QK081 UT WOS:A1995QK08100026 ER PT J AU SVENSSON, LE FAHLANDER, C HASSELGREN, L BACKLIN, A WESTERBERG, L CLINE, D CZOSNYKA, T WU, CY DIAMOND, RM KLUGE, H AF SVENSSON, LE FAHLANDER, C HASSELGREN, L BACKLIN, A WESTERBERG, L CLINE, D CZOSNYKA, T WU, CY DIAMOND, RM KLUGE, H TI MULTIPHONON VIBRATIONAL-STATES IN PD-106,PD-108 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE PD-106,PD-108(O-16, O-16), E=48 MEV, PD-106,PD-108(NI-58, NI-58),; E=165.5 MEV, PD-106,PD-108(PB-208, PB-208), E=878 MEV, MEASURED GAMMA-GAMMA, P-GAMMA(THETA) PP-GAMMA(THETA) FOLLOWING COULOMB EXCITATION; PD-108 LEVELS, PD-106,PD-108 DEDUCED B(E2), QUADRUPOLE MOMENTS PD-102-110, CD-114 SYSTEMATICS; ENRICHED TARGETS ID INTERACTING BOSON MODEL; LOW-SPIN STATES; PD ISOTOPES; MASS NUCLEI; RU; CD-114; COEXISTENCE; SYMMETRY; REGION; BANDS AB The nuclei Pd-106 and Pd-108 have been Coulomb excited using beams of O-16, Ni-58 and Pb-208. The data determined 25 and 31 E2 matrix elements in Pd-106 and Pd-108, respectively. The experimental data are qualitatively in agreement with the spherical-harmonic quadrupole vibrational model, but quantitatively there are large discrepancies, even for the states generally accepted to be the two-phonon vibrational states. A sum-rule method was applied to the data, the result of which implies that the vibrational quadrupole strengths of the 0(+) and 4(+) two-phonon states are fragmented and shared between several E2 matrix elements. The E2 matrix elements imply appreciable quadrupole triaxiality with a gamma-centroid of about 20 degrees. A systematic comparison is made with neighbouring Pd-isotopes and with Cd-114. C1 UNIV UPPSALA,SVEDBERG LAB,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV ROCHESTER,NUCL STRUCT RES LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV WARSAW,HEAVY ION LAB,WARSAW,POLAND. HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,D-14091 BERLIN 39,GERMANY. RP SVENSSON, LE (reprint author), UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,BOX 535,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. NR 47 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 584 IS 3 BP 547 EP 572 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(94)00514-N PG 26 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA QH603 UT WOS:A1995QH60300007 ER PT J AU ZHANG, SW KAWASHIMA, N CARLSON, J GUBERNATIS, JE AF ZHANG, SW KAWASHIMA, N CARLSON, J GUBERNATIS, JE TI QUANTUM SIMULATIONS OF THE SUPERFLUID-INSULATOR TRANSITION FOR 2-DIMENSIONAL, DISORDERED, HARD-CORE BOSONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ZHANG, SW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1500 EP 1503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.1500 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QJ431 UT WOS:A1995QJ43100002 ER PT J AU ABE, K ABT, I AHN, CJ AKAGI, T ASH, WW ASTON, D BACCHETTA, N BAIRD, KG BALTAY, C BAND, HR BARAKAT, MB BARANKO, G BARDON, O BARKLOW, T BAZARKO, AO BENDAVID, R BENVENUTI, AC BIENZ, T BILEI, GM BISELLO, D BLAYLOCK, G BOGART, JR BOLTON, T BOWER, GR BRAU, JE BREIDENBACH, M BUGG, WM BURKE, D BURNETT, TH BURROWS, PN BUSZA, W CALCATERRA, A CALDWELL, DO CALLOWAY, D CAMANZI, B CARPINELLI, M CASSELL, R CASTALDI, R CASTRO, A CAVALLISFORZA, M CHURCH, E COHN, HO COLLER, JA COOK, V COTTON, R COWAN, RF COYNE, DG DOLIVEIRA, A DAMERELL, CJS DASU, S DESANGRO, R DESIMONE, P DELLORSO, R DIMA, M DU, PYC DUBOIS, R EISENSTEIN, BI ELIA, R FALCIAI, D FAN, C FERO, MJ FREY, R FURUNO, K GILLMAN, T GLADDING, G GONZALEZ, S HALLEWELL, GD HART, EL HASEGAWA, Y HEDGES, S HERTZBACH, SS HILDRETH, MD HUBER, J HUFFER, ME HUGHES, EW HWANG, H IWASAKI, Y JACQUES, P JAROS, J JOHNSON, AS JOHNSON, JR JOHNSON, RA JUNK, T KAJIKAWA, R KALELKAR, M KARLINER, I KAWAHARA, H KENDALL, HW KIM, Y KING, ME KING, R KOFLER, RR KRISHNA, NM KROEGER, RS LABS, JF LANGSTON, M LATH, A LAUBER, JA LEITH, DWG LIU, X LORETI, M LU, A LYNCH, HL MA, J MANCINELLI, G MANLY, S MANTOVANI, G MARKIEWICZ, TW MARUYAMA, T MASSETTI, R MASUDA, H MAZZUCATO, E MCKEMEY, AK MEADOWS, BT MESSNER, R MOCKETT, PM MOFFEIT, KC MOURS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NAUENBERG, U NEAL, H NUSSBAUM, M OHNISHI, Y OSBORNE, LS PANVINI, RS PARK, H PAVEL, TJ PERUZZI, I PESCARA, L PICCOLO, M PIEMONTESE, L PIERONI, E PITTS, KT PLANO, RJ PREPOST, R PRESCOTT, CY PUNKAR, GD QUIGLEY, J RATCLIFF, BN REEVES, TW RENSING, PE ROCHESTER, LS ROTHBERG, JE ROWSON, PC RUSSELL, JJ SAXTON, OH SCHALK, T SCHINDLER, RH SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHUMM, BA SEIDEN, A SEN, S SERBO, VV SHAEVITZ, MH SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, G SHAPIRO, SL SHERDEN, DJ SIMOPOULOS, C SINEV, NB SMITH, SR SNYDER, JA STAMER, P STEINER, H STEINER, R STRAUSS, MG SU, D SUEKANE, F SUGIYAMA, A SUZUKI, S SWARTZ, M SZUMILO, A TAKAHASHI, T TAYLOR, FE TORRENCE, E TURK, JD USHER, T VAVRA, J VANNINI, C VELLA, E VENUTI, JP VERDINI, PG WAGNER, SR WAITE, AP WATTS, SJ WEIDEMANN, AW WHITAKER, JS WHITE, SL WICKENS, FJ WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, DC WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WISNIEWSKI, WJ WOODS, M WORD, GB WYSS, J YAMAMOTO, RK YAMARTINO, JM YANG, X YELLIN, SJ YOUNG, CC YUTA, H ZAPALAC, G ZDARKO, RW ZEITLIN, C ZHOU, J AF ABE, K ABT, I AHN, CJ AKAGI, T ASH, WW ASTON, D BACCHETTA, N BAIRD, KG BALTAY, C BAND, HR BARAKAT, MB BARANKO, G BARDON, O BARKLOW, T BAZARKO, AO BENDAVID, R BENVENUTI, AC BIENZ, T BILEI, GM BISELLO, D BLAYLOCK, G BOGART, JR BOLTON, T BOWER, GR BRAU, JE BREIDENBACH, M BUGG, WM BURKE, D BURNETT, TH BURROWS, PN BUSZA, W CALCATERRA, A CALDWELL, DO CALLOWAY, D CAMANZI, B CARPINELLI, M CASSELL, R CASTALDI, R CASTRO, A CAVALLISFORZA, M CHURCH, E COHN, HO COLLER, JA COOK, V COTTON, R COWAN, RF COYNE, DG DOLIVEIRA, A DAMERELL, CJS DASU, S DESANGRO, R DESIMONE, P DELLORSO, R DIMA, M DU, PYC DUBOIS, R EISENSTEIN, BI ELIA, R FALCIAI, D FAN, C FERO, MJ FREY, R FURUNO, K GILLMAN, T GLADDING, G GONZALEZ, S HALLEWELL, GD HART, EL HASEGAWA, Y HEDGES, S HERTZBACH, SS HILDRETH, MD HUBER, J HUFFER, ME HUGHES, EW HWANG, H IWASAKI, Y JACQUES, P JAROS, J JOHNSON, AS JOHNSON, JR JOHNSON, RA JUNK, T KAJIKAWA, R KALELKAR, M KARLINER, I KAWAHARA, H KENDALL, HW KIM, Y KING, ME KING, R KOFLER, RR KRISHNA, NM KROEGER, RS LABS, JF LANGSTON, M LATH, A LAUBER, JA LEITH, DWG LIU, X LORETI, M LU, A LYNCH, HL MA, J MANCINELLI, G MANLY, S MANTOVANI, G MARKIEWICZ, TW MARUYAMA, T MASSETTI, R MASUDA, H MAZZUCATO, E MCKEMEY, AK MEADOWS, BT MESSNER, R MOCKETT, PM MOFFEIT, KC MOURS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NAUENBERG, U NEAL, H NUSSBAUM, M OHNISHI, Y OSBORNE, LS PANVINI, RS PARK, H PAVEL, TJ PERUZZI, I PESCARA, L PICCOLO, M PIEMONTESE, L PIERONI, E PITTS, KT PLANO, RJ PREPOST, R PRESCOTT, CY PUNKAR, GD QUIGLEY, J RATCLIFF, BN REEVES, TW RENSING, PE ROCHESTER, LS ROTHBERG, JE ROWSON, PC RUSSELL, JJ SAXTON, OH SCHALK, T SCHINDLER, RH SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHUMM, BA SEIDEN, A SEN, S SERBO, VV SHAEVITZ, MH SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, G SHAPIRO, SL SHERDEN, DJ SIMOPOULOS, C SINEV, NB SMITH, SR SNYDER, JA STAMER, P STEINER, H STEINER, R STRAUSS, MG SU, D SUEKANE, F SUGIYAMA, A SUZUKI, S SWARTZ, M SZUMILO, A TAKAHASHI, T TAYLOR, FE TORRENCE, E TURK, JD USHER, T VAVRA, J VANNINI, C VELLA, E VENUTI, JP VERDINI, PG WAGNER, SR WAITE, AP WATTS, SJ WEIDEMANN, AW WHITAKER, JS WHITE, SL WICKENS, FJ WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, DC WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WISNIEWSKI, WJ WOODS, M WORD, GB WYSS, J YAMAMOTO, RK YAMARTINO, JM YANG, X YELLIN, SJ YOUNG, CC YUTA, H ZAPALAC, G ZDARKO, RW ZEITLIN, C ZHOU, J TI SEARCH FOR JET HANDEDNESS IN HADRONIC Z(O) DECAYS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 ADELPHI UNIV,GARDEN CITY,NY 11530. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. BRUNEL UNIV,UXBRIDGE UB8 3PH,MIDDX,ENGLAND. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. INFN,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. INFN,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. NAGOYA UNIV,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. INFN,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PADUA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. INFN,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. INFN,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. SOGANG UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. UNIV GENOA,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. RP ABE, K (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RI de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; de Simone, Patrizia/J-3549-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1512 EP 1516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.1512 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QJ431 UT WOS:A1995QJ43100005 ER PT J AU ADAMS, MR AID, S ANTHONY, PL AVERILL, DA BAKER, MD BALLER, BR BANERJEE, A BHATTI, AA BRATZLER, U BRAUN, HM BREIDUNG, H BUSZA, W CARROLL, TJ CLARK, HL CONRAD, JM DAVISSON, R DERADO, I DHAWAN, SK DIETRICH, FS DOUGHERTY, W DREYER, T ECKARDT, V ECKER, U ERDMANN, M FALLER, F FANG, GY FIGIEL, J FINLAY, RW GEBAUER, HJ GESSAMAN, DF GRIFFIOEN, KA GUO, RS HAAS, J HALLIWELL, C HANTKE, D HICKS, KH HUGHES, VW JACKSON, HE JANCSO, G JANSEN, DM JIN, Z KAUFMAN, S KENNEDY, RD KINNEY, ER KIRK, T KOBRAK, HGE KOTWAL, AV KUNORI, S LANCASTER, S LORD, JJ LUBATTI, HJ MCLEOD, D MADDEN, P MAGILL, S MANZ, A MELANSON, H MICHAEL, DG MONTGOMERY, HE MORFIN, JG NICKERSON, RB ODAY, S OLKIEWICZ, K OSBORNE, L OTTEN, R PAPAVASSILIOU, V PAWLIK, B PIPKIN, FM POTTERVELD, DH RAMBERG, EJ ROSER, A RYAN, JJ SALGADO, CW SALVARANI, A SCHELLMAN, H SCHMITT, M SCHMITZ, N SCHULER, KP SIEGERT, G SKUJA, A SNOW, GA SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SPENTZOURIS, P STIER, HE STOPA, P SWANSON, RA VENKATARAMANIA, H WILHELM, M WILSON, R WITTEK, W WOLBERS, SA ZGHICHE, A ZHAO, T AF ADAMS, MR AID, S ANTHONY, PL AVERILL, DA BAKER, MD BALLER, BR BANERJEE, A BHATTI, AA BRATZLER, U BRAUN, HM BREIDUNG, H BUSZA, W CARROLL, TJ CLARK, HL CONRAD, JM DAVISSON, R DERADO, I DHAWAN, SK DIETRICH, FS DOUGHERTY, W DREYER, T ECKARDT, V ECKER, U ERDMANN, M FALLER, F FANG, GY FIGIEL, J FINLAY, RW GEBAUER, HJ GESSAMAN, DF GRIFFIOEN, KA GUO, RS HAAS, J HALLIWELL, C HANTKE, D HICKS, KH HUGHES, VW JACKSON, HE JANCSO, G JANSEN, DM JIN, Z KAUFMAN, S KENNEDY, RD KINNEY, ER KIRK, T KOBRAK, HGE KOTWAL, AV KUNORI, S LANCASTER, S LORD, JJ LUBATTI, HJ MCLEOD, D MADDEN, P MAGILL, S MANZ, A MELANSON, H MICHAEL, DG MONTGOMERY, HE MORFIN, JG NICKERSON, RB ODAY, S OLKIEWICZ, K OSBORNE, L OTTEN, R PAPAVASSILIOU, V PAWLIK, B PIPKIN, FM POTTERVELD, DH RAMBERG, EJ ROSER, A RYAN, JJ SALGADO, CW SALVARANI, A SCHELLMAN, H SCHMITT, M SCHMITZ, N SCHULER, KP SIEGERT, G SKUJA, A SNOW, GA SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SPENTZOURIS, P STIER, HE STOPA, P SWANSON, RA VENKATARAMANIA, H WILHELM, M WILSON, R WITTEK, W WOLBERS, SA ZGHICHE, A ZHAO, T TI MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR TRANSPARENCIES FROM EXCLUSIVE RHO(O)-MESON PRODUCTION IN MUON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING AT 470-GEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; PROTON-SCATTERING; JET FRAGMENTATION; VECTOR-MESONS; QCD; MOMENTUM C1 UNIV FREIBURG,FREIBURG,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. INST NUCL PHYS,KRAKOW,POLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. OHIO UNIV,ATHENS,OH 45701. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WUPPERTAL,WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP ADAMS, MR (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680, USA. RI Carroll, Timothy/B-6934-2009 NR 34 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 1995 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1525 EP 1529 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.1525 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA QJ431 UT WOS:A1995QJ43100008 ER EF