FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU FERENC, D BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KADIJA, K KABANA, S KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, H PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROEBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S AF FERENC, D BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KADIJA, K KABANA, S KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, H PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROEBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S TI PION INTERFEROMETRY IN ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY AB Pion interferometry is the unique tool to study the space-time evolution of the systems created in the ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. Five different data sets have been analyzed in terms of cylindrical coordinates, and all yield consistent results. We conclude that the system expands longitudinally, the decoupling proper time is approximately 5 fm/c, the duration of particle emission is very short <2 fm/c, and the transverse decoupling size is 1.5 to 2 times larger than the one corresponding to the collision geometry. That gives a causally consistent space-time evolution picture. C1 UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BARI,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-70124 BARI,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. INST NUCL PHYS,KRAKOW,POLAND. GSI DARMSTADT,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-6000 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG,FAK PHYS,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,PL-00325 WARSAW,POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES,WARSAW,POLAND. RP FERENC, D (reprint author), RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,YU-41001 ZAGREB,YUGOSLAVIA. NR 6 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C531 EP C536 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400054 ER PT J AU FIELDS, T AF FIELDS, T TI ANOMALOUS NUCLEAR ENHANCEMENTS IN HARD PA COLLISIONS AT FERMILAB ENERGIES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY AB Data on pA --> dijet events from Fermilab experiment E609 have been used in a study of anomalous nuclear cross section enhancement effects. The dijet cross section was found to vary as A1.18 +/- 0.05, after making a correction for additional non-jet transverse energy in dijet events from heavy nuclei. We have also measured the nuclear contribution to the transverse momentum unbalance of the dijet system to vary as k(t-phi) (nuclear) approximately A0.11 +/- 0.04. The extent to which multiple nuclear scattering of the high energy scattered partons can explain both k(t) and the observed anomalous enhancement is discussed. RP FIELDS, T (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C565 EP C568 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400060 ER PT J AU FOLEY, KJ ADAMS, DL AHMAD, S BONNER, BE BUCHANAN, JA CHAN, CS CHIOU, CN CLEMENT, JM CORCORAN, MD EISEMAN, SE EMPL, T ETKIN, A FOLEY, KJ HACKENBURG, RW HALLMAN, TJ KRAMER, MA LINDENBAUM, SJ LONGACRE, RS LOVE, WA MADANSKY, L MIETTINEN, HE MORRIS, TW MUTCHLER, GS PLATNER, ED ROBERTS, JB SAULYS, AC SKEENS, J ZHAO, K ZHU, Y AF FOLEY, KJ ADAMS, DL AHMAD, S BONNER, BE BUCHANAN, JA CHAN, CS CHIOU, CN CLEMENT, JM CORCORAN, MD EISEMAN, SE EMPL, T ETKIN, A FOLEY, KJ HACKENBURG, RW HALLMAN, TJ KRAMER, MA LINDENBAUM, SJ LONGACRE, RS LOVE, WA MADANSKY, L MIETTINEN, HE MORRIS, TW MUTCHLER, GS PLATNER, ED ROBERTS, JB SAULYS, AC SKEENS, J ZHAO, K ZHU, Y TI RECENT RESULTS FROM E-810 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY AB I discuss data from E-810 including K0 and LAMBDA production, the rise in production of negative particles at small m(perpendicular-to), and the rapidity distributions. The data are compared to various models; in particular they do not agree with a model indicating large nuclear transparency. C1 CUNY CITY COLL,NEW YORK,NY 10031. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RP FOLEY, KJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C335 EP C342 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400025 ER PT J AU GAVIN, S AF GAVIN, S TI PIONS IN AND OUT OF EQUILIBRIUM SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARTIAL THERMALIZATION AB Nonequilibrium phenomena in pion p(T) spectra may signal the approach to equilibrium. RP GAVIN, S (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C459 EP C462 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400038 ER PT J AU GREENE, SV BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HOGUE, RW HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MAKOWIECKI, D MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E POLYCHRONAKOS, V PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SANDWEISS, J DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SLAUGHTER, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF GREENE, SV BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HOGUE, RW HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MAKOWIECKI, D MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E POLYCHRONAKOS, V PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SANDWEISS, J DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SLAUGHTER, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI ANTIPROTON PRODUCTION IN SI-28-NUCLEUS INTERACTIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS AB We have used the E814 apparatus to make a systematic study of antiproton production in collisions of Si-28 ions at 14.6 GeV/c per nucleon with targets of Pb, Cu, and Al. We have measured the antiproton yield per interaction as a function of transverse energy and have found the yield to increase by a factor of almost-equal-to 2 in going from the least to the most central collisions on the Pb target. A simple first-collision picture of antiproton production predicts the yield to increase by a factor of almost-equal-to 11. We suggest that the discrepancy may result from the annihilation of antiprotons within the nuclear medium. C1 FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL STN,TX 77843. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. GSI DARMSTADT,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. RP GREENE, SV (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012 OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C599 EP C602 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400066 ER PT J AU KAMPERT, KH ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BECKMANN, P BERGER, F BLOOMER, M BOCK, D BOCK, R CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DEBBE, R DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FERGUSON, RL FOKIN, S FRANZ, A GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH HANSEN, O HARTIG, M HOLKER, G IDH, J IPPOLITOV, M JACOBS, P KARADJEV, K KOLB, BW LEBEDEV, A LOHNER, H LUND, I MANKO, V MOSKOWITZ, B OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M RITTER, HG ROTERS, B SAINI, S SANTO, R SCHMIDT, HR SCHMIDT, R SORENSEN, SP STEFFENS, K STEINHAEUSER, P STENLUND, E STUKEN, D VINOGRADOV, A WEGENER, H YOUNG, GR AF KAMPERT, KH ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BECKMANN, P BERGER, F BLOOMER, M BOCK, D BOCK, R CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DEBBE, R DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FERGUSON, RL FOKIN, S FRANZ, A GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH HANSEN, O HARTIG, M HOLKER, G IDH, J IPPOLITOV, M JACOBS, P KARADJEV, K KOLB, BW LEBEDEV, A LOHNER, H LUND, I MANKO, V MOSKOWITZ, B OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M RITTER, HG ROTERS, B SAINI, S SANTO, R SCHMIDT, HR SCHMIDT, R SORENSEN, SP STEFFENS, K STEINHAEUSER, P STENLUND, E STUKEN, D VINOGRADOV, A WEGENER, H YOUNG, GR TI RECENT RESULTS FROM THE WA80 EXPERIMENT AT CERN SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID ION EXPERIMENT WA80; CALORIMETER; NUCLEUS AB Results from the WA80 experiment on systematics of global observables, dE(T)/d-eta and dN(ch)/d-eta , as well as on spectra of identified particles are presented. Special attention is given to the target fragmentation region where two-pion correlations and proton distributions have been measured. Incorporation of strong rescattering phenomena into string models is found to provide a good description of most experimental data. Deviations to this are pointed out. The present status of the gamma(thermal)/pi-0 ratio as a signal of the quark gluon plasma is discussed. C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH GMBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV LUND,S-22362 LUND,SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,MOSCOW 123182,USSR. RP KAMPERT, KH (reprint author), UNIV MUNSTER,W-4400 MUNSTER,GERMANY. RI Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Lohner, Herbert/B-2397-2014 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Lohner, Herbert/0000-0002-7441-739X NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C183 EP C196 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400014 ER PT J AU KOWALSKI, M BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HANSEN, O HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUMICHELL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILIOU, M VASSILEIADIS, G VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S AF KOWALSKI, M BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HANSEN, O HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUMICHELL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILIOU, M VASSILEIADIS, G VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S TI PRODUCTION OF CHARGED KAONS IN CENTRAL S + S AND O + AU COLLISIONS AT 200 GEV NUCLEON SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STRANGENESS; NUCLEON AB Production of charged kaons in central S + S and 0 + Au collisions at 200 GeV/nucleon has been studied in the NA 35 Streamer Chamber experiment. Mean multiplicities and transverse mass distributions were obtained. They were compared with nucleon-nucleon data and with model predictions. C1 UNIV BARI,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-70124 BARI,ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-31342 KRAKOW,POLAND. GS,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-6000 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG,FAK PHYS,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,FACHBEREICH PHYS,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,MUNICH,GERMANY. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,PL-00325 WARSAW,POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES,WARSAW,POLAND. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,YU-41001 ZAGREB,YUGOSLAVIA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP KOWALSKI, M (reprint author), UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GREECE. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C609 EP C614 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400068 ER PT J AU LEITCH, MJ ALDE, D BAER, H BOISSEVAIN, J CAREY, T GARVEY, GT JEPPESEN, R KAPUSTINSKY, J KLEIN, A LANE, D LEE, C LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, P MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROOKS, M BROWN, G ISENHOWER, D SADLER, M SCHNATHORST, R DANNER, G WANG, M LEDERMAN, L SCHUB, M BROWN, CN COOPER, WE GLASS, H HSIUNG, YB MISHRA, CS GOUNDER, K ADAMS, MR GIDAL, G HO, PM KOWITT, M LUK, KB PRIPSTEIN, D APOLINSKI, M GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MARTIN, V PRESTON, R SA, J TANIKELLA, V CHILDERS, R DARDEN, C WILSON, J MCCARTHY, RL CHEN, YC KIANG, GC TENG, PK BARTLETT, M HOFFMANN, G AF LEITCH, MJ ALDE, D BAER, H BOISSEVAIN, J CAREY, T GARVEY, GT JEPPESEN, R KAPUSTINSKY, J KLEIN, A LANE, D LEE, C LILLBERG, J MCGAUGHEY, P MOSS, JM PENG, JC BROOKS, M BROWN, G ISENHOWER, D SADLER, M SCHNATHORST, R DANNER, G WANG, M LEDERMAN, L SCHUB, M BROWN, CN COOPER, WE GLASS, H HSIUNG, YB MISHRA, CS GOUNDER, K ADAMS, MR GIDAL, G HO, PM KOWITT, M LUK, KB PRIPSTEIN, D APOLINSKI, M GUO, R KAPLAN, DM MARTIN, V PRESTON, R SA, J TANIKELLA, V CHILDERS, R DARDEN, C WILSON, J MCCARTHY, RL CHEN, YC KIANG, GC TENG, PK BARTLETT, M HOFFMANN, G TI NUCLEAR EFFECTS ON HEAVY QUARK PRODUCTION RESULTS FROM FERMILAB EXPERIMENTS E772 AND E789 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID J-PSI-SUPPRESSION; DRELL-YAN PROCESS; CROSS-SECTIONS; DEPENDENCE; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; J/PSI; DISTRIBUTIONS; DEUTERIUM; IRON C1 ABILENE CHRISTIAN UNIV,ABILENE,TX 79699. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 115,TAIWAN. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP LEITCH, MJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C197 EP C208 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400015 ER PT J AU LINDSEY, CS ALEXOPOULOS, T ALLEN, C ANDERSON, EW BALAMURALI, V BANERJEE, S BEERY, PD BHAT, P BISWAS, NN BUJAK, A CARMONY, DD CARTER, T COLE, P CHOI, Y DEBONTE, R DECARLO, V ERWIN, AR FINDEISEN, C GOSHAW, AT GUTAY, LJ HIRSCH, AS HOJVAT, C JENNINGS, JR KENNY, VP LINDSEY, CS LOOMIS, C LOSECCO, JM MCMAHON, T MCMANUS, AP MORGAN, N NELSON, K OH, SH PORILE, NT REEVES, D RIMAI, A ROBERTSON, WJ SCHARENBERG, RP STRINGFELLOW, BC STAMPKE, SR THOMPSON, M TURKOT, F WALKER, WD WANG, CH WARCHOL, J WESSON, DK ZHAN, Y AF LINDSEY, CS ALEXOPOULOS, T ALLEN, C ANDERSON, EW BALAMURALI, V BANERJEE, S BEERY, PD BHAT, P BISWAS, NN BUJAK, A CARMONY, DD CARTER, T COLE, P CHOI, Y DEBONTE, R DECARLO, V ERWIN, AR FINDEISEN, C GOSHAW, AT GUTAY, LJ HIRSCH, AS HOJVAT, C JENNINGS, JR KENNY, VP LINDSEY, CS LOOMIS, C LOSECCO, JM MCMAHON, T MCMANUS, AP MORGAN, N NELSON, K OH, SH PORILE, NT REEVES, D RIMAI, A ROBERTSON, WJ SCHARENBERG, RP STRINGFELLOW, BC STAMPKE, SR THOMPSON, M TURKOT, F WALKER, WD WANG, CH WARCHOL, J WESSON, DK ZHAN, Y TI RESULTS FROM E735 AT THE TEVATRON PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER WITH ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID = 1.8 TEV; MULTIPLICITY DEPENDENCE; SQUARE-ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; DRIFT CHAMBER; COLLISIONS; PERFORMANCE; SPECTRUM; DESIGN; PHASE AB Experiment E735* searched for evidence of the transition to quark-gluon plasma in ppBAR collisions at square-root s = 1.8 TeV. Using data from a high statistics run in 1988-1989, results are presented on multiplicity distributions, hyperon and phi production, and Bose-Einstein correlations. Some data were also taken at lower collision energies and results will be compared to previous experiments. C1 DEPAUW UNIV,DEPT PHYS,GREENCASTLE,IN 46135. DUKE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DURHAM,NC 27706. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP LINDSEY, CS (reprint author), FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C343 EP C356 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400026 ER PT J AU MUTHUSWAMY, M BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HOGUE, RW HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MAKOWIECKI, D MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT OBRIEN, E POLYCHRONAKOS, V PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SANDWEISS, J DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF MUTHUSWAMY, M BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HOGUE, RW HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MAKOWIECKI, D MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT OBRIEN, E POLYCHRONAKOS, V PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS SANDWEISS, J DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS OF LIGHT MASS FRAGMENTS IN SI-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS AT 14.6 GEV/NUCLEON SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID PROJECTILE FRAGMENTS AB Transverse momentum distributions of light mass beam rapidity fragments H-1, He-3, and He-4 in reactions of Si-28 + Al, Cu,and Pb are presented. The widths of the distributions are found to increase with increasing projectile-target overlap. This dependence is not consistent with the observed distributions being associated with the Fermi momentum of the nucleons in the projectile nucleus. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL STN,TX 77843. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. GSI DARMSTADT,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. RP MUTHUSWAMY, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Duek, Eliana/J-2499-2012 OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C423 EP C428 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400031 ER PT J AU PADULA, SS GYULASSY, M AF PADULA, SS GYULASSY, M TI PION INTERFEROMETRY AND RESONANCES IN PP AND AA COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; O+AU AB We study the sensitivity of pion interferometry in pp and ppBAR collisions at ISR energies to the resonance abundance. We show that those data are not compatible with the full resonance fractions predicted by the Lund model. The preliminary S+S and O+Au data at 200 A GeV are, however, not incompatible with the Lund predictions, although their sensitivity to resonances is significantly weak-er than in the pp/ppBAR case. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PADULA, SS (reprint author), UNESP,INST FIS TEOR,RUA PAMPLONA 145,BR-01405 SAO PAULO,SP,BRAZIL. RI Padula, Sandra /G-3560-2012 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C537 EP C542 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400055 ER PT J AU PANG, Y SCHLAGEL, TJ KAHANA, SH AF PANG, Y SCHLAGEL, TJ KAHANA, SH TI ARC - A RELATIVISTIC CASCADE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID COLLISIONS AB A general purpose relativistic cascade code ARC has been developed to study ion-ion collisions. As a first application of ARC we study Si + Au collisions at 14.6 GeV/c using two hadronic models which use the same two-body data as input, but with different assumptions about the way particles are produced. Comparison with data from experiment E802 suggests the importance of baryonic resonances in nucleus-nucleus collisions at BNL-AGS energies. RP PANG, Y (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C435 EP C438 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400033 ER PT J AU PISARSKI, RD AF PISARSKI, RD TI EFFECTIVE LAGRANGIAN AT HIGH-TEMPERATURE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HARD THERMAL LOOPS; QCD AB The dominant loop diagrams for dynamic processes at high temperature (or density) are summarized succintly in terms of an effective lagrangian, RP PISARSKI, RD (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C527 EP C530 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400053 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, HR ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BAKTASH, C BECKMANN, P BERGER, F BOCK, R CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FERGUSON, RL FRANZ, A GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH IDH, J JACOBS, P KAMPERT, KH KOLB, BW KRISTIANSSON, P LEE, IY LOHNER, H LUND, I OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PERSSON, S PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M RITTER, HG SAINI, S SANTO, R SIEMIARCZUK, T SORENSEN, SP STENLUND, E TINCKNELL, M YOUNG, GR AF SCHMIDT, HR ALBRECHT, R AWES, TC BAKTASH, C BECKMANN, P BERGER, F BOCK, R CLAESSON, G CLEWING, G DRAGON, L EKLUND, A FERGUSON, RL FRANZ, A GARPMAN, S GLASOW, R GUSTAFSSON, HA GUTBROD, HH IDH, J JACOBS, P KAMPERT, KH KOLB, BW KRISTIANSSON, P LEE, IY LOHNER, H LUND, I OBENSHAIN, FE OSKARSSON, A OTTERLUND, I PEITZMANN, T PERSSON, S PLASIL, F POSKANZER, AM PURSCHKE, M RITTER, HG SAINI, S SANTO, R SIEMIARCZUK, T SORENSEN, SP STENLUND, E TINCKNELL, M YOUNG, GR TI PION ABSORPTION IN EXCITED NUCLEAR-MATTER SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY AB The target dependence and azimuthal correlations of protons and pions are investigated for pA reactions at 4.9, 60 and 200 GeV. The experimental observations can be understood qualitatively under the assumption that pions are absorbed in excited target spectator matter. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV MUNSTER,W-4400 MUNSTER,GERMANY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV LUND,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV GRONINGEN,9700 AB GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. INST NUCL STUDIES,WARSAW,POLAND. RP SCHMIDT, HR (reprint author), GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH GMBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. RI Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Lohner, Herbert/B-2397-2014 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Lohner, Herbert/0000-0002-7441-739X NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C449 EP C454 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400036 ER PT J AU SCHONFELD, T SORGE, H JAHNS, A WINCKELMANN, L MATTIELLO, R VONKEITZ, A STOCKER, H GREINER, W AF SCHONFELD, T SORGE, H JAHNS, A WINCKELMANN, L MATTIELLO, R VONKEITZ, A STOCKER, H GREINER, W TI BARYON STOPPING IN HIGH-ENERGY NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTERACTING RELATIVISTIC PARTICLES; MODEL; FRAGMENTATION C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SCHONFELD, T (reprint author), UNIV FRANKFURT,INST THEORET PHYS,POSTFACH 111932,W-6000 FRANKFURT 11,GERMANY. RI Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013 OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C439 EP C444 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400034 ER PT J AU SEYBOTH, P BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO I ECKARDT V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HANSEN, O HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S AF SEYBOTH, P BAECHLER, J BARTKE, J BIALKOWSKA, H BLOOMER, M BOCK, R BROCKMANN, R BUNCIC, P CHASE, SI CRAMER, J DERADO, I ECKARDT, V ESCHKE, J FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M FAVUZZI, C FERENC, D FLEISCHMANN, B FOKA, P FUCHS, M GAZDZICKI, M GLADYSZ, E HANSEN, O HARRIS, JW HECK, W HOFFMANN, M JACOBS, P KABANA, S KADIJA, K KARABARBOUNIS, A KEIDEL, R KOSIEC, J KOWALSKI, M KUHMICHEL, A LAHANAS, M LEE, Y LEVINE, M LJUBICIC, A MARGETIS, S MORSE, R NAPPI, E ODYNIEC, G PAIC, G PANAGIOTOU, AD PETRIDIS, A PIPER, A POSA, F POSKANZER, A PUGH, HG PUHLHOFER, F RAI, G RAUCH, W RENFORDT, R RETYK, W ROLAND, G ROHRICH, D ROTHARD, H RUNGE, K SANDOVAL, A SCHAMBACH, J SCHMIDT, E SCHMITZ, N SCHMOETTEN, E SCHNEIDER, I SEYBOTH, P SEYERLEIN, J SKRZYPCZAK, E SPINELLI, P STEFANSKI, P STOCK, R STROBELE, H TEITELBAUM, L TONSE, S TRAINOR, T VASSILEIADIS, G VASSILIOU, M VESZTERGOMBI, G VRANIC, D WENIG, S TI RECENT RESULTS FROM EXPERIMENT NA35 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PION INTERFEROMETRY; HIGH-ENERGY; STRANGENESS PRODUCTION; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; 200 GEV/NUCLEON; INTERMITTENCY; HADRON; MOMENTS AB Enhanced strange particle production, nonstatistical multiplicity fluctuations and two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations were measured in 0, S-nucleus reactions at 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon. The results indicate significant collective effects in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PHYS, MUNICH, GERMANY. UNIV BARI, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-70124 BARI, ITALY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND. INST NUCL PHYS, PL-31342 KRAKOW, POLAND. GSI DARMSTADT, DARMSTADT, GERMANY. UNIV FRANKFURT, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-6000 FRANKFURT, GERMANY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-3550 MARBURG, GERMANY. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPTL PHYS, PL-00325 WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, WARSAW, POLAND. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST, YU-41001 ZAGREB, YUGOSLAVIA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV ATHENS, DEPT PHYS, ATHENS, GREECE. RP SEYBOTH, P (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PHYS, MUNICH, GERMANY. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C293 EP C308 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400022 ER PT J AU STANKUS, P AOKI, M BEATTY, J BEAVIS, D CARROLL, JB CHIBA, J CRAWFORD, HJ DEBBE, R DOKE, T ENGELAGE, J GREINER, L HAYANO, RS HALLMAN, TJ HECKMAN, HH KASHIWAGI, T KIKUCHI, J KIRK, PN LINDSTROM, PJ NAGAMIYA, S TANAKA, KH SHIMIZU, Y WANG, ZF AF STANKUS, P AOKI, M BEATTY, J BEAVIS, D CARROLL, JB CHIBA, J CRAWFORD, HJ DEBBE, R DOKE, T ENGELAGE, J GREINER, L HAYANO, RS HALLMAN, TJ HECKMAN, HH KASHIWAGI, T KIKUCHI, J KIRK, PN LINDSTROM, PJ NAGAMIYA, S TANAKA, KH SHIMIZU, Y WANG, ZF TI PBAR AND DBAR PRODUCTION IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS - RESULTS OF BNL-E858 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID COMPOSITE-PARTICLE-EMISSION; DROPLETS; MOMENTUM; PIONS; MODEL AB The production of long-lived negative secondaries, including pi-, K-, antiprotons (pBAR) and antideuterons (dBAR) at 0-degrees in Si+Au, Si+Cu, and Si+Al collisions at the BNL-AGS has been measured using a double-bend, double-focussing spectrometer. The pBAR rapidity spectra from all three targets are well fit by Gaussians centered (yBAR = 1.7 - 1.8) at mid-rapiditiy, and are consistent with production in nucleon-nucleon first collisions. The dBAR/p2BAR ratio in Si+Au collisions is lower by a factor of 10 than that seen in p+p and p+A collisions. C1 UNIV TOKYO,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 30032,JAPAN. WASEDA UNIV,TOKYO 160,JAPAN. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP STANKUS, P (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY 10533, USA. RI Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011 OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C603 EP C608 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400067 ER PT J AU THOMA, MH GYULASSY, M AF THOMA, MH GYULASSY, M TI ENERGY-LOSS OF HIGH-ENERGY QUARKS AND GLUONS IN THE QUARK-GLUON PLASMA SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID FINITE-TEMPERATURE; QCD AB A complete leading order expression for the collisional energy loss of a heavy quark in a quark-gluon plasma at high temperatures is presented. Including screening effects by using an effective perturbation theory proposed by Braaten and Pisarski, a gauge independent and infrared finite result is obtained. Estimates for the collisional and radiative energy loss of light quarks and gluons are given. Implications for jet quenching as a signal for a quark-gluon plasma formation in ulltrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at, RHIC and LHC are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV NUCL SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP TECH UNIV MUNICH, DEPT PHYS T30, W-8046 GARCHING, GERMANY. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C573 EP C580 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400062 ER PT J AU UMAR, AS DEAN, DJ STRAYER, MR AF UMAR, AS DEAN, DJ STRAYER, MR TI A DYNAMIC STRING-PARTON MODEL FOR RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY AB We introduce a new model for simulating the hadronic phenomena at relativistic heavy-ion colliders. The model is based on dynamical Nambu strings with extensions to include the essential features of the Parton model. The 3 + 1 dimensional calculations are performed for various systems, including the leading quark attenuation in mu-A, and A-A results from NA35 and WA80. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP UMAR, AS (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C475 EP C478 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400042 ER PT J AU WANG, XN GYULASSY, M AF WANG, XN GYULASSY, M TI GLUON SHADOWING AND JET QUENCHING IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; FRAGMENTATION MODEL; HADRONIC REACTIONS; E+E-PHYSICS; QCD; QUARK AB The effects of parton shadowing and jet quenching are considered in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We find that particle production is sensitive to these nuclear effects on jet production. We illustrate that the energy loss of a large p(T) parton in dense matter and nuclear shadowing of gluon structure function can be measured by systematic study of moderate and high p(T) single particle spectra in pp, pA, and AA collisions. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WANG, XN (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DURHAM,NC 27706, USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C559 EP C564 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400059 ER PT J AU YOUNG, GR AF YOUNG, GR TI EXPERIMENTAL CHALLENGES AT RHIC AND LHC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY RP YOUNG, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C391 EP C404 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400029 ER PT J AU ZAJC, WA ABBOTT, T AKIBA, Y BEAVIS, D BEERY, P BLOOMER, MA BOND, PD BRITT, HC BUDICK, B CHASMAN, C CHEN, Z CHI, CY CHU, YY CIANCIOLO, V COLE, BA COSTALES, JB CRAWFORD, HJ CUMMING, JB DEBBE, R ENGELAGE, J FUNG, SY GONIN, M GRODZINS, L GUSHUE, S HAMAGAKI, H HANSEN, O HAYANO, RS HAYASHI, S HOMMA, S HUANG, HZ IKEDA, Y JURICIC, I KANEKO, H KANG, J KATCOFF, S KAUFMAN, S KEHOE, W KIMURA, K KITAMURA, K KURITA, K LEDOUX, RJ LEVINE, MJ MIAKE, Y MORRISON, I MORSE, RJ MOSKOWITZ, B NAGAMIYA, S NAMBOODIRI, N NAYAK, TK OLNESS, J PARSONS, CG REMSBERG, LP ROEHRICH, D ROTHSCHILD, P SAKURAI, H SANGSTER, TC SARABURA, M SETO, R SOLTZ, R STANKUS, P STEADMAN, SG STEPHANS, GSF SUGITATE, T SUNG, T TANAKA, M TANAKA, Y TANNENBAUM, MJ THOMAS, J TORIKOSHI, M VANDIJK, JH VIDEBAEK, F VIENT, M VINCENT, P VOSSNACK, O VUTSADAKIS, V WANG, FQ WANG, Y WEGNER, HE WOODRUFF, DS WU, YD ZACHARY, D ZAJC, WA AF ZAJC, WA ABBOTT, T AKIBA, Y BEAVIS, D BEERY, P BLOOMER, MA BOND, PD BRITT, HC BUDICK, B CHASMAN, C CHEN, Z CHI, CY CHU, YY CIANCIOLO, V COLE, BA COSTALES, JB CRAWFORD, HJ CUMMING, JB DEBBE, R ENGELAGE, J FUNG, SY GONIN, M GRODZINS, L GUSHUE, S HAMAGAKI, H HANSEN, O HAYANO, RS HAYASHI, S HOMMA, S HUANG, HZ IKEDA, Y JURICIC, I KANEKO, H KANG, J KATCOFF, S KAUFMAN, S KEHOE, W KIMURA, K KITAMURA, K KURITA, K LEDOUX, RJ LEVINE, MJ MIAKE, Y MORRISON, I MORSE, RJ MOSKOWITZ, B NAGAMIYA, S NAMBOODIRI, N NAYAK, TK OLNESS, J PARSONS, CG REMSBERG, LP ROEHRICH, D ROTHSCHILD, P SAKURAI, H SANGSTER, TC SARABURA, M SETO, R SOLTZ, R STANKUS, P STEADMAN, SG STEPHANS, GSF SUGITATE, T SUNG, T TANAKA, M TANAKA, Y TANNENBAUM, MJ THOMAS, J TORIKOSHI, M VANDIJK, JH VIDEBAEK, F VIENT, M VINCENT, P VOSSNACK, O VUTSADAKIS, V WANG, FQ WANG, Y WEGNER, HE WOODRUFF, DS WU, YD ZACHARY, D ZAJC, WA TI RECENT RESULTS FROM E802 AND E859 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS, QUARK MATTER 91 CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, UNIV TENNESSEE, SCI ALLIANCE PROGRAM, BICRON, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, HAMAMATSU, LECROY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTENSITY INTERFEROMETRY; PION INTERFEROMETRY; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GEV/C; EMISSION AB Recent single-particle inclusive measurements and two-particle correlation data from E802 and its successor, E859, are presented. The K+/pi+ ratio observed for collisions of 14.6 A . GeV Si-28 ions on various targets is presented as a function of both forward and transverse energy. Source sizes are determined via interferometry using pi+, pi-, K+ and proton pairs. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY 10533. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIROSHIMA 730,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,INST NUCL STUDY,TOKYO 188,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,SAKYO KU,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. KYUSHU UNIV,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PHYS,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. RP ZAJC, WA (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. RI Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; SAKURAI, HIROYOSHI/G-5085-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014 OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP C237 EP C254 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400018 ER PT J AU PLASIL, F AF PLASIL, F TI QUARK MATTER 91 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEUS NUCLEUS COLLISIONS GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE, USA, NOVEMBER 11-15, 1991 - PREFACE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Editorial Material RP PLASIL, F (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 544 IS 1-2 BP R9 EP R10 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JJ974 UT WOS:A1992JJ97400001 ER PT J AU STUNTZ, LG AF STUNTZ, LG TI EDUCATION EFFORT URGENT SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Letter RP STUNTZ, LG (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 90 IS 29 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JE039 UT WOS:A1992JE03900001 ER PT J AU ELLIS, DE SAITOVITCH, EB LAM, DJ AF ELLIS, DE SAITOVITCH, EB LAM, DJ TI HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS IN IRON SUBSTITUTED HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTING OXIDES SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADIENT; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTRA; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CU-NQR; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FE; COPPER; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; YBA2(CU1-XFEX)3O7-DELTA AB The hyperfine interactions in Fe substituted copper oxide ternary and quaternary compounds with perovskite-related structures are studied, using the local density theory in an embedded cluster approach. The self-consistent electronic structure is examined for Cu and Fe sites in a number of plausible local geometries representative of La2CuO4, YBa2Cu3O7-delta and related materials. Mossbauer isomer shifts, electric field gradients, magnetic moments and contact hyperfine fields are presented for comparison with experiment and discussed in light of lattice structure data. C1 CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-20000 RIO DE JANEIRO,BRAZIL. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ELLIS, DE (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Saitovitch, Elisa/A-6769-2015 NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90266-F PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE784 UT WOS:A1992JE78400010 ER PT J AU KERCHNER, HR CHRISTEN, DK KLABUNDE, CE THOMSON, JO SUN, YR THOMPSON, JR AF KERCHNER, HR CHRISTEN, DK KLABUNDE, CE THOMSON, JO SUN, YR THOMPSON, JR TI EVIDENCE OF KOSTERLITZ-THOULESS TRANSITION IN YBA2CU3O7/PRBA2CU3O7 SUPERLATTICE FILMS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-X/PRBA2CU3O7-X SUPERLATTICES; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; YBA2CU3O7; MODEL AB Experimental measurements of four-terminal (van der Pauw) transport-current resistivity and of dynamic AC magnetic response of certain superlattice films show broad resistive transitions and frequency-dependent magnetic transitions into the super-conductive state. Such observations indicate that the superconductive critical temperature is not described by mean-field theory. Epitaxial, c perpendicular-to superlattice films of YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 were grown in situ by laser ablation. Layer thicknesses of each compound ranged from two to four atomic cells. While material inhomogeneity can produce such a broad resistive transition, it would prevent our observation of a relatively sharp step-like transition in the inductive impedance. Such response must arise due to vibrations of pinned and bound supercurrent vortices. Observation of the Kosterlitz-Thouless (K-T) transition of bound vortices is expected to occur in a two-dimensional system. We see apparent K-T transitions only in films of thin (two or three atomic-lattice cells) Y-compound layers and thick Pr-compound layers. This systematically implies that extreme anisotropy of Cu-O superconductors can be tied to observations of two-dimensional physical phenomena. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP KERCHNER, HR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90268-H PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE784 UT WOS:A1992JE78400012 ER PT J AU MOODENBAUGH, AR SABATINI, RL XU, YW OCHAB, J HUBER, JG AF MOODENBAUGH, AR SABATINI, RL XU, YW OCHAB, J HUBER, JG TI SOLUBILITY OF CA IN SUPERCONDUCTING LA2-XCAXCUO4 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DEFECT PEROVSKITE LAYERS; CU-O SYSTEM; OXYGEN-CONTENT; HIGH-PRESSURE; BA; OXIDES; SR; LA1.8SR0.2CUO4; DEPENDENCE AB The superconducting transition temperature T(c) was determined as a function of x for La2-xCaxCuO4 compounds. Midpoints of susceptibility transitions rise with x from below 5 K at x=0.05 to near 17.5 K for x greater-than-or-equal-to 0.09. The Ca content of the major phase was determined in several samples using a calibrated wavelength dispersive electron microprobe. For normal Ca content x greater-than-or-equal-to 0.10, T(c) and determined Ca content are independent of nominal x. X-ray diffraction diagrams for samples with nominal x greater-than-or-equal-to 0.12 show peaks indicative of additional phases. These findings are consistent with a Ca solubility limit near x=0.10. The pressure dependence of T(c) below 20 kbar was determined for one sample with nominal Ca content x=0.15 (analyzed x=0.12+/-0.02). RP MOODENBAUGH, AR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 108 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90272-E PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE784 UT WOS:A1992JE78400016 ER PT J AU TETENBAUM, M TUMIDAJSKI, P BROWN, DL BLANDER, M AF TETENBAUM, M TUMIDAJSKI, P BROWN, DL BLANDER, M TI SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF HIGH-TC OXIDE SYSTEMS VIA EMF AND RELATED MEASUREMENTS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3OZ AB EMF measurements of oxygen fugacities as a function of stoichiometry have been made in the YBa2Cu3Ox, NdBa2Cu3Ox, and Nd1.81Ce0.19CuOx superconducting systems in the temperature range 400-750-degrees-C by means of an oxygen titration technique with a yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte. The object of our current measurements is to investigate the effect of ionic size of Y, and Nd on the immiscibility and other structural transitions in the LnBa2Cu3Ox system. The shape of the 400-degrees-C isotherm for NdBa2Cu3Ox indicates that, if a miscibility pp is present, it exists at lower temperatures and at values of x that are higher than those for the miscibility pp we deduce in the YBa2Cu3Ox system. The relative locations of the miscibility gaps are consistent with the effects of ionic radii on the composition dependence of T(c) for these systems. Our results explain the two plateaus in measured values of T(c) as a function of composition for the YBa2Cu3Ox system an appear to be consistent with the less pronounced T(c) plateau found for the NdBa2Cu3Ox system at higher values of stoichiometry. For a given oxygen stoichiometry, partial pressures of oxygen above NdBa2Cu3Ox are higher than for the YBa2Cu3Ox system. Results of limited measurements on the n-type (electron-doped) superconducting Nd1.81Ce0.19CuOx system will be presented, as well as a thermodynamic assessment and intercomparison of our oxygen partial pressure measurements with the results of other measurements. RP TETENBAUM, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90273-F PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE784 UT WOS:A1992JE78400017 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, CR PESKIN, ME AF SCHMIDT, CR PESKIN, ME TI PROBE OF CP VIOLATION IN TOP QUARK PAIR PRODUCTION AT HADRON SUPERCOLLIDERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; HIGGS-BOSON-EXCHANGE; NEUTRON; NONCONSERVATION; SEARCH; TERMS AB We show that measurement of the difference in the transverse energy distribution of leptons and antileptons from ttBAR events at hadron colliders provides an interesting probe of CP violation in the Higgs sector. We predict a CP-violating asymmetry at the 10(-3) level. RP SCHMIDT, CR (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 32 TC 145 Z9 145 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 410 EP 413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.410 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500005 ER PT J AU NOBLE, AJ LARSON, KD BASSALLECK, B FICKINGER, WJ HALL, JR HALLIN, AL HASINOFF, MD HORVATH, D LOWE, J MCINTYRE, EK MEASDAY, DF MILLER, JP ROBERTS, BL ROBINSON, DK SAKITT, M SALOMON, M WALTHAM, CE WARNER, TM WHITEHOUSE, DA WOLFE, DM AF NOBLE, AJ LARSON, KD BASSALLECK, B FICKINGER, WJ HALL, JR HALLIN, AL HASINOFF, MD HORVATH, D LOWE, J MCINTYRE, EK MEASDAY, DF MILLER, JP ROBERTS, BL ROBINSON, DK SAKITT, M SALOMON, M WALTHAM, CE WARNER, TM WHITEHOUSE, DA WOLFE, DM TI MEASUREMENT OF THE LAMBDA-]N+GAMMA BRANCHING RATIO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE WEAK DECAYS; BARYONS; ASYMMETRY; PARAMETER; HYPERONS AB The branching ratio for the A weak radiative decay has been measured to be B(LAMBDA --> n + gamma)/(LAMBDA --> anything) = [1.78 +/- 0.24(stat) +/- 0.16(0.14)(syst)] x 10(-3). A low-energy kaon beam was used to produce the LAMBDA hyperons via the reaction K- + p --> LAMBDA + pi-0 at rest. Photons from the signal channel and pi-0 decay were detected with a NaI(Tl) array. The final spectrum contains 287 events after background subtraction, an order of magnitude more events than from the only previous measurement. C1 UNIV BIRMINGHAM,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,CENT RES INST PHYS,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. TRIUMF,VANCOUVER V6T 2A3,BC,CANADA. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,VANCOUVER V6T 1Z1,BC,CANADA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RI Horvath, Dezso/A-4009-2011; Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011 NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 414 EP 417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.414 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500006 ER PT J AU CHEN, HT FENG, DH WU, CL AF CHEN, HT FENG, DH WU, CL TI OPTIMUM PAIR BASIS IN THE NUCLEAR SHELL-MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATION; SYMMETRIES AB An unusual optimum pair basis exists in the nuclear shell-model wave function for an even system of like particles. This prompts the proposal of a generalized pair mean-field method, in which the desired goal of avoiding the dimensional difficulty in the traditional shell-model approaches may be possible. C1 DREXEL UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ATMOSPHER SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP CHEN, HT (reprint author), CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CHUNGLI,TAIWAN. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 418 EP 421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.418 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500007 ER PT J AU KREMPL, S EISENHAMMER, T HUBLER, A MAYERKRESS, G MILONNI, PW AF KREMPL, S EISENHAMMER, T HUBLER, A MAYERKRESS, G MILONNI, PW TI OPTIMAL STIMULATION OF A CONSERVATIVE NONLINEAR OSCILLATOR - CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-PHOTON EXCITATION; DRIVEN MORSE OSCILLATOR; MICROWAVE IONIZATION; RYDBERG ATOMS; CHAOS; DISSOCIATION AB A new method for nonlinear polychromatic resonant stimulation of conservative nonlinear oscillators is introduced. As an example we consider a Morse potential that serves as a model for the HF molecule. Numerical results show that a large energy transfer to such a conservative oscillator is possible under optimal stimulation with small driving fields. This makes selective excitation of specific modes possible. The classically determined optimal force was also applied to the corresponding quantum system, with similar results in energy transfer and dissociation. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DEPT THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP KREMPL, S (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,BECKMAN INST,DEPT PHYS,CTR COMPLEX SYST RES,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 26 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 430 EP 433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.430 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500010 ER PT J AU DASILVA, LB MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR HAMMEL, BA BACK, CA HSIEH, E DOYAS, R IGLESIAS, CA ROGERS, FJ LEE, RW AF DASILVA, LB MACGOWAN, BJ KANIA, DR HAMMEL, BA BACK, CA HSIEH, E DOYAS, R IGLESIAS, CA ROGERS, FJ LEE, RW TI ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS DEMONSTRATING THE IMPORTANCE OF DELTA-N = 0 TRANSITIONS IN THE OPACITY OF IRON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROGRAPH; TABLES AB Novel opacity calculations, which treat in detail the spectra of medium-Z ions [Rogers and Igiesias, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 79, 507 (1992)], produce results that are substantially different from opacity calculations extant in the literature. These new opacities provide solutions to a number of outstanding problems in astrophysics, thus providing an indirect validation of the theory. We report the results of an experiment measuring the photoabsorption in the spectral region from 50 to 120 eV of x-ray-heated iron which corroborate these new opacity calculations. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP DASILVA, LB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 27 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 438 EP 441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.438 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500012 ER PT J AU DARROW, CB COVERDALE, C PERRY, MD MORI, WB CLAYTON, C MARSH, K JOSHI, C AF DARROW, CB COVERDALE, C PERRY, MD MORI, WB CLAYTON, C MARSH, K JOSHI, C TI STRONGLY COUPLED STIMULATED RAMAN BACKSCATTER FROM SUBPICOSECOND LASER-PLASMA INTERACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; SCATTERING PROCESSES; IRRADIATED PLASMAS AB We have observed strongly coupled stimulated Raman backscatter from the interaction of an intense, subpicosecond laser with an underdense plasma. The strongly coupled backscatter spectra have widths greater than the plasma frequency, extend to the blue side of the laser frequency, and, at the highest densities, are shifted by less than omega(p). These observations are consistent with the predictions of a strongly coupled Raman theory, appropriately modified for short laser pulses. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP DARROW, CB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BOX 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 23 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 442 EP 445 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.442 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500013 ER PT J AU ZERAH, G CLEROUIN, J POLLOCK, EL AF ZERAH, G CLEROUIN, J POLLOCK, EL TI THOMAS-FERMI MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS, LINEAR SCREENING, AND MEAN-FIELD THEORIES OF PLASMAS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; HYDROGEN PLASMAS; APPROXIMATION; MATTER AB Since its introduction in 1985, ab initio molecular dynamics has played an important role in the analysis of ionic properties of condensed-matter systems. Extending this method to a Thomas-Fermi model for plasmas, the structure and diffusion constants from molecular-dynamics simulations of the hydrogen plasma are compared to the results of approximate theories of the same model. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ZERAH, G (reprint author), CTR ETUD LIMEIL VALENTON,F-94195 VILLENEUVE ST GEO,FRANCE. RI Clerouin, jean/D-8528-2015 OI Clerouin, jean/0000-0003-2144-2759 NR 17 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 446 EP 449 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.446 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500014 ER PT J AU BONCA, J PRELOVSEK, P SEGA, I LIN, HQ CAMPBELL, DK AF BONCA, J PRELOVSEK, P SEGA, I LIN, HQ CAMPBELL, DK TI STAGGERED-FIELD-INDUCED HOLE PAIRING IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL CORRELATED SYSTEMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID T-J MODEL; HUBBARD-MODEL; CORRELATION EXPONENTS; FERMI GAS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ANTIFERROMAGNET; EXCITATIONS; SEPARATION; INSULATORS; SPIN AB We examine the influence of a staggered magnetic field on states involving a few holes in the one-dimensional t-J and Hubbard models. We apply exact diagonalizations of small systems, an analytical treatment of an anisotropic model, and a high-field perturbation expansion. Our results suggest that even modest staggered fields, h << t, induce the formation of bound hole pairs in a broad range of parameters, in particular for J/t < 1 in the t-J model and for U/t > 1 in the Hubbard model. In the same regions, by studying the density-density correlations and the compressibility, we argue that many holes form a paired state and that phase separation does not occur. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP BONCA, J (reprint author), EDVARD KARDELJ UNIV,JOSEPH STEFAN INST,YU-61111 LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 526 EP 529 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.526 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD955 UT WOS:A1992JD95500034 ER PT J AU LLOYD, S AF LLOYD, S TI ANY NONLINEAR GATE, WITH LINEAR GATES, SUFFICES FOR COMPUTATION SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article AB Devices that process signals in a linear fashion alone cannot be assembled into a general-purpose computer. But if a set of devices capable of realizing linear operations on continuous, or discrete signals is supplemented by any device whose output is a nonlinear function of its input, the resulting set forms a basis for digital computation. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LLOYD, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMPLEX SYST GRP T-13,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUL 20 PY 1992 VL 167 IS 3 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(92)90201-V PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JE921 UT WOS:A1992JE92100007 ER PT J AU KWA, SLS GROENEVELD, FG DEKKER, JP VANGRONDELLE, R VANAMERONGEN, H LIN, S STRUVE, WS AF KWA, SLS GROENEVELD, FG DEKKER, JP VANGRONDELLE, R VANAMERONGEN, H LIN, S STRUVE, WS TI STEADY-STATE AND TIME-RESOLVED POLARIZED-LIGHT SPECTROSCOPY OF THE GREEN PLANT LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX-II SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH EUROPEAN BIOENERGETICS CONF ( EBEC ) CY JUL, 1992 CL HELSINKI, FINLAND DE ANTENNA; CHLOROPHYLL; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; POLARIZED LIGHT SPECTROSCOPY; PUMP-PROBE SPECTROSCOPY ID CHLOROPHYLL AB The major chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex from spinach thylakoid membranes was analyzed by steady-state polarized light spectroscopy at 4 K and by one-color and two-color pump-probe spectroscopy at room temperature. Steady-state absorption, linear dichroism and circular dichroism spectra indicate that the Chl Q(y(0-0)) absorption region is characterized by at least six transitions with significant differences in absorption, orientation and rotational strength. Steady-state low-temperature fluorescence spectra suggest that the fluorescence arises for a large part from several energetically similar species that form a circularly degenerate oscillator in the plane constituted by the two long axes of the particle. The possible presence of special red-absorbing pigments at low temperature is discussed. The time-resolved data suggest that the kinetics of chlorophyll b --> a excitation energy transfer, as well as those of downhill excitation transfer among chlorophyll a spectral forms, are heterogeneous with both sub-picosecond and picosecond lifetime components. C1 FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,DE BOELELAAN 1081,1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RI van Amerongen, Herbert/J-9483-2016 OI van Amerongen, Herbert/0000-0002-9783-2895 NR 10 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 1101 IS 2 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0005-2728(92)90198-B PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JE884 UT WOS:A1992JE88400005 ER PT J AU HARVEY, SD FELLOWS, RJ CAMPBELL, JA CATALDO, DA AF HARVEY, SD FELLOWS, RJ CAMPBELL, JA CATALDO, DA TI DETERMINATION OF THE EXPLOSIVE 2,4,6-TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE (TETRYL) AND ITS TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS IN SOIL SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; FATE AB Soils amended with uniformly ring-labeled [C-14]-2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl) were subjected to exhaustive Soxhlet extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis immediately after amendment and at 11, 30, and 60 days post-amendment. Transformation of tetryl was found to be extremely rapid. Tetryl was below the detection limit in soil extracts by 30 days post-amendment. Radiochromatographic profiles revealed the presence of a variety of transformation products. The primary transformation product appeared in soil extracts immediately after amendment and was subsequently identified as N-methyl-2,4,6-trinitroaniline. A minor transformation pathway was identified that involved direct ring nitro reduction.of tetryl, resulting in the production of an aminodinitrophenylmethylnitramine isomer. The mass balance of the soil system was greater than 79% over the 60-day study, with 43% of the amended radiolabeled found to be non-extractable at the conclusion of the study. RP HARVEY, SD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 605 IS 2 BP 227 EP 240 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85241-K PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JG391 UT WOS:A1992JG39100010 ER PT J AU GOLDHABER, M AF GOLDHABER, M TI COLD FUSION - NOT NUCLEAR SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP GOLDHABER, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5068 BP 310 EP 310 DI 10.1126/science.257.5068.310-b PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JD674 UT WOS:A1992JD67400004 ER PT J AU CREASE, RP AF CREASE, RP TI THE TRAJECTORY OF TECHNIQUES - LESSONS FROM THE PAST SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP CREASE, RP (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,PHILOSOPHY,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5068 BP 350 EP 353 DI 10.1126/science.257.5068.350 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JD674 UT WOS:A1992JD67400023 PM 17832829 ER PT J AU BURK, B THOMSON, RE CLARKE, J ZETTL, A AF BURK, B THOMSON, RE CLARKE, J ZETTL, A TI SURFACE AND BULK CHARGE-DENSITY WAVE STRUCTURE IN 1T-TAS(2) SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; X-RAY; TAS2 AB Incommensurate charge density waves (CDWs) in some materials form domains within which the CDWs may be commensurate. However, two questions have remained controversial: What is the geometrical structure of these domains, and are they or are they not identical on the surface and in the bulk? To address these issues in the triclinic (T) phase of tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS2) the CDW domain structure has been accurately determined for both the crystal surface and the crystal bulk. By analyzing the bulk CDW wave vectors and associated satellites by x-ray diffraction, it is found that the bulk contains three dimensionally ordered striped domains that have previously been misidentified. Scanning tunneling microscope images show that the striped domain configuration propagates unaltered to the crystal surface, and their Fourier transforms yield the same satellite positions as the x-rays. These observations demonstrate that the surface and bulk CDW domain structures in 1T-TaS2 are identical. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BURK, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5068 BP 362 EP 364 DI 10.1126/science.257.5068.362 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JD674 UT WOS:A1992JD67400025 PM 17832831 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DN AF ANDERSON, DN TI A MULTIVARIATE LINNIK DISTRIBUTION SO STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE LINNIKS DISTRIBUTION; MULTIVARIATE STABLE DISTRIBUTION AB We propose a definition of a multivariate Linnik distribution based upon closure under geometric compounding. The characteristic function of the multivariate Linnik model is 1/(1 + (SIGMA(i=1)m s'OMEGA(i)s)alpha/2, where 0 < alpha less-than-or-equal-to 2, the OMEGA(i)'s are r x r positive semi definite matrices and no two of OMEGA(i)'s are proportional. The specific case of alpha = 2 yields a multivariate LaPlace distribution. Estimation methods analogous to those used in estimating the parameters of the stable distribution are presented. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7152 J9 STAT PROBABIL LETT JI Stat. Probab. Lett. PD JUL 17 PY 1992 VL 14 IS 4 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1016/0167-7152(92)90067-F PG 4 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA JG044 UT WOS:A1992JG04400013 ER PT J AU LOTT, JA KLEM, JF WENDT, JR AF LOTT, JA KLEM, JF WENDT, JR TI STRAINED P-CHANNEL INGASB/ALGASB MODULATION-DOPED FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; TRANSISTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND MATERIALS ID QUANTUM AB Strained In0.25Ga0.75Sb p-channeL modulation-doped field-effect transistors with AL0.75GA0.25Sb Be-doped barrier layers are demonstrated. The extrinsic normalised transconductances for 1.2-mu-m gate length devices range from 33 to 51 mS/mm at 300 K and from 132 to 161 mS/mm at 77 K. At 300 K, the devices operated in depletion mode with a threshold voltage of approximately 0.3 V, a normalised output conductance of less than 3 mS/mm, and maximum drain current densities of approximately 20 mA/mm. The devices show promise for complementary heterojunction field-effect transistor logic applications. RP LOTT, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMPOUND SEMICOND RES LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 1992 VL 28 IS 15 BP 1459 EP 1460 DI 10.1049/el:19920928 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA JF061 UT WOS:A1992JF06100056 ER PT J AU CHEN, Z MATSON, RJ BURTON, LC AF CHEN, Z MATSON, RJ BURTON, LC TI EBIC STUDY OF BACKSIDE HYDROGENATION OF POLY-SI SOLAR-CELL GRAIN-BOUNDARIES SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE SEMICONDUCTORS; POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; PASSIVATION; DEFECTS; RIBBON AB Hydrogen passivation of grain boundaries in poly-Si solar cells from the backside of the cells is studied by using a Kaufman ion source in conjunction with electron beam induced current (EBIC) measurements. It is found that the EBIC measurement is an effective way to monitor the passivation efficiency. Grain boundary passivation depths of over 230-mu-m from the back surface are determined by EBIC measurements on the frontside of the cell. Quantitative determination of the grain boundary recombination velocity and minority carrier diffusion length before and after passivation are presented. Nonuniform passivation along grain boundaries was observed. An annealing experiment after hydrogen passivation provides insight into the hydrogen configuration in the grain boundaries. C1 SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,UNIV PK,PA 16802. RP CHEN, Z (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BRADLEY DEPT ELECT ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD JUL 16 PY 1992 VL 132 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1002/pssa.2211320106 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA JJ288 UT WOS:A1992JJ28800005 ER PT J AU BURDEN, CJ ROBERTS, CD WILLIAMS, AG AF BURDEN, CJ ROBERTS, CD WILLIAMS, AG TI SINGULARITY STRUCTURE OF A MODEL QUARK PROPAGATOR SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY-BREAKING; DYSON-SCHWINGER-EQUATIONS; NONPERTURBATIVE SOLUTION; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; SELF-CONSISTENCY; AXIAL GAUGE; QCD; CONFINEMENT; CONSTANT; QQBAR AB A model Schwinger-Dyson equation for the fermion self-energy is solved for both spacelike and timelike momenta. The singularity structure of the quark propagator obtained as a solution of this equation is studied. It is found to be an entire function (except for an essential singularity at p2 = - infinity; timelike in our metric): a property that may be indicative of confinement. The absence of singularities is a non-trivial feature that arises only as a result of the cancellation of zeros in the numerator and denominator of the propagator. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,SUPERCOMP COMPUTAT RES INST,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. RP BURDEN, CJ (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH PHYS SCI & ENGN,DEPT THEORET PHYS,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. RI Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Burden, Conrad/D-5556-2016; OI Burden, Conrad/0000-0003-0015-319X; Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592 NR 33 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 16 PY 1992 VL 285 IS 4 BP 347 EP 353 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(92)91516-C PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE476 UT WOS:A1992JE47600006 ER PT J AU ANSELMANN, P HAMPEL, W HEUSSER, G KIKO, J KIRSTEN, T PERNICKA, E PLAGA, R RONN, U SANN, M SCHLOSSER, C WINK, R WOJCIK, M VONAMMON, R EBERT, KH FRITSCH, T HELLRIEGEL, K HENRICH, E STIEGLITZ, L WEYRICH, F BALATA, M BELLOTTI, E FERRARI, N LALLA, H STOLARCZYK, T CATTADORI, C CREMONESI, O FIORINI, E PEZZONI, S ZANOTTI, L VONFEILITZSCH, F MOSSBAUER, R SCHANDA, U BERTHOMIEU, G SCHATZMAN, E CARMI, I DOSTROVSKY, I BACCI, C BELLI, P BERNABEI, R DANGELO, S PAOLUZI, L CHARBIT, S CRIBIER, M DUPONT, G GOSSET, L RICH, J SPIRO, M TAO, C VIGNAUD, D HAHN, RL HARTMANN, FX ROWLEY, JK STOENNER, RW WENESER, J AF ANSELMANN, P HAMPEL, W HEUSSER, G KIKO, J KIRSTEN, T PERNICKA, E PLAGA, R RONN, U SANN, M SCHLOSSER, C WINK, R WOJCIK, M VONAMMON, R EBERT, KH FRITSCH, T HELLRIEGEL, K HENRICH, E STIEGLITZ, L WEYRICH, F BALATA, M BELLOTTI, E FERRARI, N LALLA, H STOLARCZYK, T CATTADORI, C CREMONESI, O FIORINI, E PEZZONI, S ZANOTTI, L VONFEILITZSCH, F MOSSBAUER, R SCHANDA, U BERTHOMIEU, G SCHATZMAN, E CARMI, I DOSTROVSKY, I BACCI, C BELLI, P BERNABEI, R DANGELO, S PAOLUZI, L CHARBIT, S CRIBIER, M DUPONT, G GOSSET, L RICH, J SPIRO, M TAO, C VIGNAUD, D HAHN, RL HARTMANN, FX ROWLEY, JK STOENNER, RW WENESER, J TI SOLAR NEUTRINOS OBSERVED BY GALLEX AT GRAN SASSO SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS; MATTER; EARTH AB We have measured the rate of production of Ge-71 from Ga-71 by solar neutrinos. The target consists of 30.3 t of gallium in the form of 8.13 M aqueous gallium chloride solution ( 101 t), shielded by almost-equal-to 3300 m water equivalent of standard rock in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory (Italy ). In nearly one year of operation, 14 measurements of the production rate of Ge-71 were carried out to give, after corrections for side reactions and other backgrounds, an average value of 83 + 19 (stat.) +/- 8 (syst.) SNU (1-sigma) due to solar neutrinos. This conclusion constitutes the first observation of solar pp neutrinos. Our result is consistent with the presence of the full pp neutrino flux expected according to the "standard solar model" together with a reduced flux of B-8 + Be-7 neutrinos as observed in the Homestake and Kamiokande experiments. Astrophysical reasons remain as a possible explanation of the solar neutrino problem. On the other hand, if the result is to bc interpreted in terms of the MSW effect, it would fix neutrino masses and mixing angles within a very restricted range. C1 KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,INST HEISSE CHEM,W-7500 KARLSRUHE 1,GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO,I-67010 LAQUILA,ITALY. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZIONE MILANO,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS E15,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. OBSERV COTE DAZUR,DEPT CASSINI,F-06004 NICE 4,FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS,DASGAL,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT ENVIRONM & ENERGY RES,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA 2,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZIONE ROMA 2,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. CENS,CE SACLAY,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ANSELMANN, P (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST NUCL PHYS,POSTFACH 103980,W-6900 HEIDELBERG 1,GERMANY. RI Belli, Pierluigi/H-1942-2012; Bernabei, Rita/C-1212-2016; OI Belli, Pierluigi/0000-0003-4517-4891; Bernabei, Rita/0000-0003-1786-5396; cattadori, carla maria/0000-0001-7885-6253 NR 56 TC 357 Z9 358 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 16 PY 1992 VL 285 IS 4 BP 376 EP 389 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(92)91521-A PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE476 UT WOS:A1992JE47600011 ER PT J AU ANSELMANN, P HAMPEL, W HEUSSER, G KIKO, J KIRSTEN, T PERNICKA, E PLAGA, R RONN, U SANN, M SCHLOSSER, C WINK, R WOJCIK, M VONAMMON, R EBERT, KH HENRICH, E BALATA, M BELLOTTI, E FERRARI, N LALLA, H STOLARCZYK, T CATTADORI, C CREMONESI, O FIORINI, E PEZZONI, S ZANOTTI, L VONFEILITZSCH, F MOSSBAUER, R SCHANDA, U BERTHOMIEU, G SCHATZMAN, E CARMI, I DOSTROVSKY, I BACCI, C BELLI, P BERNABEI, R DANGELO, S PAOLUZI, L CHARBIT, S CRIBIER, M DUPONT, G GOSSET, L RICH, J SPIRO, M TAO, C VIGNAUD, D HAHN, RL HARTMANN, FX ROWLEY, JK STOENNER, RW WENESER, J AF ANSELMANN, P HAMPEL, W HEUSSER, G KIKO, J KIRSTEN, T PERNICKA, E PLAGA, R RONN, U SANN, M SCHLOSSER, C WINK, R WOJCIK, M VONAMMON, R EBERT, KH HENRICH, E BALATA, M BELLOTTI, E FERRARI, N LALLA, H STOLARCZYK, T CATTADORI, C CREMONESI, O FIORINI, E PEZZONI, S ZANOTTI, L VONFEILITZSCH, F MOSSBAUER, R SCHANDA, U BERTHOMIEU, G SCHATZMAN, E CARMI, I DOSTROVSKY, I BACCI, C BELLI, P BERNABEI, R DANGELO, S PAOLUZI, L CHARBIT, S CRIBIER, M DUPONT, G GOSSET, L RICH, J SPIRO, M TAO, C VIGNAUD, D HAHN, RL HARTMANN, FX ROWLEY, JK STOENNER, RW WENESER, J TI IMPLICATIONS OF THE GALLEX DETERMINATION OF THE SOLAR NEUTRINO FLUX SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS; MATTER; MODEL; EARTH; REGENERATION; SUN AB The GALLEX result 83 +/- 19 (stat.) +/- 8(syst.) SNU is two standard deviations below the predictions of stellar model calculations (124-132 SNU). To fit this result together with those of the chlorine and Kamiokande experiments requires severe stretching of solar models but does not rule out such a procedure, leaving the possibility of massless neutrinos. It clearly implies that the pp neutrinos have been detected. The Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) mechanism provides a good fit. and the GALLEX result fixes the DELTA-m2 and sin2 2-theta parameters in two very confined ranges (around DELTA-m2 = 6 x 10(-6)eV2 and sin2 2-theta = 7 x 10(-3) and around DELTA-m2 = 8 X 10(-6)eV2 and sin2 2-theta = 0.6). Explanations of the solar neutrino problem based on the decay or magnetic interactions of neutrinos are disfavoured. C1 KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,INST HEISSE CHEM,W-7500 KARLSRUHE 1,GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL GRAN SASSO,I-67010 LAQUILA,ITALY. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZIONE MILANO,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. TECH UNIV MUNICH,DEPT PHYS E15,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. OBSERV COTE DAZUR,DEPT CASSINI,F-06004 NICE 4,FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS,DASGAL,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT ENVIRONM & ENERGY RES,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA 2,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZIONE ROMA 2,I-00133 ROME,ITALY. CENS,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ANSELMANN, P (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST NUCL PHYS,PF 103980,W-6900 HEIDELBERG 1,GERMANY. RI Belli, Pierluigi/H-1942-2012; Bernabei, Rita/C-1212-2016; OI Belli, Pierluigi/0000-0003-4517-4891; Bernabei, Rita/0000-0003-1786-5396; cattadori, carla maria/0000-0001-7885-6253 NR 37 TC 178 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 16 PY 1992 VL 285 IS 4 BP 390 EP 397 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(92)91522-B PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE476 UT WOS:A1992JE47600012 ER PT J AU MOROSIN, B NIGREY, PJ AF MOROSIN, B NIGREY, PJ TI STRUCTURE OF BIS(METHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE DICYANOARGENTATE(I) SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER SALT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB [C8H4S8][Ag(CN)2], M(r) 516.54, orthorhombic, Pmnn, a = 8.794 (3), b = 20.333 (7), c = 4.247 (2) angstrom, V = 759.27 (4) angstrom3, Z = 2, D(x) = 2.261 g cm-3 lambda(Mo K-alpha) = 0.71069 angstrom, F(000) = 506, mu(Mo K-alpha) 23.63 cm-1, 614 observed room-temperature reflections, R = 0.023. The charge-transfer salt consists of C8H4S8 cations (hereafter MT) and ribbons of infinite [Ag(CN)2] anions with both the MT molecule and the Ag atoms on inversion centers. Ribbon distances are 2.103 (5) angstrom Ag-C, 3.305 (5) A Ag-N, and 1.021 (7) angstrom C-N bonds; MT intramolecular distances are 1.407 (8) and 1.354 (5) angstrom C=C, 1.723 (3), 1.728 (2), 1.745 (3) and 1.816 (2) angstrom C-S and 2.942 (1), 2.972 (1), 3.075 (1) and 3.220 (1) angstrom S-S separations, typical of expected values for singly charged ions; near-neighbor contacts between ions involve 3.340 (1) angstrom Ag-S and 3.649 (1) to 3.678 (1) angstrom S-S separations. Enge, Geiser & Carlson, 1985). This is believed to result from the interstack interactions between the organic salt ions and has motivated the preparation of various salts to characterize better the structural properties responsible for such conductivity. Because of the highly symmetrical structure of MT, such interstack interactions might be strongly affected. This note reports on the structural details of MT-Ag(CN)2. RP MOROSIN, B (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 48 BP 1216 EP 1218 DI 10.1107/S0108270191014282 PN 7 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA JG485 UT WOS:A1992JG48500020 ER PT J AU SUPERKO, HR GREENLAND, P MANCHESTER, RA ANDREADIS, NA SCHECTMAN, G WEST, NH HUNNINGHAKE, D HASKELL, WL PROBSTFIELD, JL AF SUPERKO, HR GREENLAND, P MANCHESTER, RA ANDREADIS, NA SCHECTMAN, G WEST, NH HUNNINGHAKE, D HASKELL, WL PROBSTFIELD, JL TI EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW-DOSE COLESTIPOL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY; CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; II HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA; LIPOPROTEIN COMPOSITION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; CHOLESTYRAMINE; SEQUESTRANT; CHOLESTEROL; REGRESSION; DISEASE AB Recommended doses of bile-acid binding resins have an established hypocholesterolemic effect, but data on responses to low doses, especially in women and subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia, are sparse. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of 3 low doses of colestipol hydrochloride was conducted in women and men with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Men and women with plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations >4 mmol/liter (155 mg/dl) and triglyceride concentrations <2.82 mmol/liter (250 mg/dl) were recruited for the study. Eligible patients (54 women and 98 men) were placed on the American Heart Association step I diet 6 weeks before randomization. Participants were subsequently assigned to 1 of 4 drug treatment groups (placebo, and 5, 10 and 15 g/day of colestipol in 2 divided doses) for an additional 12 weeks. Of the 152 patients randomized, 141 completed all aspects of the study. For the treatment groups - placebo, and 5, 10 and 15 g of colestipol - LDL cholesterol reductions (mmol/liter) were observed respectively (n = 141): 0.10 +/- 0.49 (2.7%), 0.65 +/- 0.41 (16.3%), 0.98 +/- 0.36 (22.8%) and 1.17 +/- 0.47 (27.2%) (p <0.001). Similar changes were observed in total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations. The apolipoprotein B/LDL cholesterol ratio increased significantly with increasing colestipol dosage. Modest but insignificant changes in plasma triglyceride levels occurred, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained unchanged. A dose of 5 g/day of colestipol achieved 51% of the LDL cholesterol reduction noted with 15 g/day. Low-dose colestipol therapy is effective in the treatment of patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. The proportionally greater LDL cholesterol reduction in moderate compared with severe hypercholesterolemia was confirmed by examination of the Lipid Research Clinics' Coronary Primary Prevention Trial data set. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CHOLESTEROL RES CTR,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCH MED,CHICAGO,IL 60611. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,GEN MED UNIT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. MED COLL WISCONSIN,DIV FISIOL VEGETAL,MILWAUKEE,WI 53226. UPJOHN CO,KALAMAZOO,MI 49001. NIH,CLIN TRIALS BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. OI Superko, H. Robert/0000-0002-3542-0393 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 70 IS 2 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0002-9149(92)91264-5 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JD355 UT WOS:A1992JD35500001 PM 1626496 ER PT J AU VANBERKEL, GJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL AF VANBERKEL, GJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL TI ELECTROCHEMICAL ORIGIN OF RADICAL CATIONS OBSERVED IN ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION MASS-SPECTRA SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; ION TRAP; SPECTROMETRY; BIOMOLECULES; EVAPORATION AB A variety of experimental data is presented that implicates electrochemical oxidation of analytes in the electrospray (ES) needle as the mechanism for formation of molecular radical cations observed in the ES ionization mass spectra of alkyl-substituted metalloporphyrins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's), and other compound types. Analyte structural characteristics and solution-phase half-wave oxidation potentials (which correlate with gas-phase ionization energies) can be used to evaluate the likelihood of forming and observing a particular compound as a radical cation. Use of an appropriate solvent is critical in the observation of radical cations generated by the ES process. In addition to dissolving the analyte and providing a stable electrospray, the solvent(s) must "stabillize" or otherwise protect the radical cation from reactions in solution. Appropriate solvent systems (e.g., methylene chloride/0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid) are much the same as used in traditional studies of electrochemically generated radical cations. The ability to produce radical cations in the ES process expands the utility of ES ionization mass spectrometry to include compound classes not normally amenable to the technique (e.g., neutral, nonpolar compounds such as PAH's) and provides for generation of a different type of molecular species than normally produced in positive-ion ES ionization (i.e., M.+ versus (M + H)+, (M + Na)+, etc.). RP VANBERKEL, GJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 44 TC 252 Z9 252 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 14 BP 1586 EP 1593 DI 10.1021/ac00038a015 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JD605 UT WOS:A1992JD60500015 ER PT J AU MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL DUCKWORTH, DC MARCUS, RK AF MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL DUCKWORTH, DC MARCUS, RK TI RADIOFREQUENCY GLOW-DISCHARGE ION TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; IONIZATION SOURCE; POLYATOMIC IONS AB A radio-frequency glow discharge ion source has been interfaced with a three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap. Data are described for ions derived from brass and multicomponent glass standards. These data indicate that the ion trap has some interesting features as a mass analyzer for ions formed in a glow discharge. MS/MS efficiencies approaching 100% for oxides and hydroxides of all metal ions studied were observed. Ions derived from the argon support gas, such as ArH+, Ar2+, and Ar2.+, were depleted in the ion trap by rapid electron- and proton-transfer reactions to background gases in the ion trap. The mass/charge ratios of the terminal ions in the sequence of reactions fell below the lower mass limit of the ion trap and were quickly elected. The use of mass-selective ion injection techniques permitted the analysis of comPonents present at levels as low as a few tens of parts per million. However, chemical noise due to relatively high background pressures in the ion source precluded analysis of components of lesser abundance. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLEMSON,SC 29634. RP MCLUCKEY, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009; Duckworth, Douglas/B-7171-2015 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570; Duckworth, Douglas/0000-0002-8161-5685 NR 35 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 14 BP 1606 EP 1609 DI 10.1021/ac00038a018 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JD605 UT WOS:A1992JD60500018 ER PT J AU TRUBETSKOY, VS TORCHILIN, VP KENNEL, S HUANG, L AF TRUBETSKOY, VS TORCHILIN, VP KENNEL, S HUANG, L TI CATIONIC LIPOSOMES ENHANCE TARGETED DELIVERY AND EXPRESSION OF EXOGENOUS DNA MEDIATED BY N-TERMINAL MODIFIED POLY(L-LYSINE)-ANTIBODY CONJUGATE IN MOUSE LUNG ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Note DE ANTIBODY-POLYLYSINE CONJUGATE; CATIONIC LIPOSOME; DNA DELIVERY; TRANSFECTION; ENDOTHELIAL CELL ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE DELIVERY; TRANSFECTION; EFFICIENT; REAGENT AB A new and improved system for targeted gene delivery and expression is described. Transfection efficiency of N-terminal modified poly(L-lysine) (NPLL) conjugated with anti-thrombomodulin antibody 34A can be improved by adding to the system a lipophilic component, cationic liposomes. DNA, antibody conjugate and cationic liposomes form a ternary electrostatic complex which preserves the ability to bind specifically to the target cells. At the same time the addition of liposomes enhance the specific transfection efficiency of antibody-polylysine/DNA binary complex by 10 to 20-fold in mouse lung endothelial cells in culture. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT BIOCHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29893] NR 11 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 1131 IS 3 BP 311 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0167-4781(92)90030-4 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JE736 UT WOS:A1992JE73600009 PM 1627647 ER PT J AU MILAZZO, G GIORGINO, F DAMANTE, G SUNG, C STAMPFER, MR VIGNERI, R GOLDFINE, ID BELFIORE, A AF MILAZZO, G GIORGINO, F DAMANTE, G SUNG, C STAMPFER, MR VIGNERI, R GOLDFINE, ID BELFIORE, A TI INSULIN-RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION IN HUMAN BREAST-CANCER CELL-LINES SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TERM TISSUE-CULTURE; GROWTH-FACTOR SECRETION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ESTROGENIC REGULATION; KINASE FAMILY; SOMATOMEDIN-C; CARCINOMA; STIMULATION; INVITRO; BINDING AB We have previously reported that insulin receptor expression is increased in human breast cancer specimens (V. Papa et al, J. Clin. Invest., 85. 1503-1510, 1990). In the present study, in order to further understand the role of the insulin receptor in breast cancer, insulin receptor expression and function were characterized in three human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, ZR-75-1, and T-47D, and compared to a nonmalignant human breast epithelial cell line, 184B5. Insulin receptor content, measured by radioimmunoassay, was elevated 5- and 3-fold in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 breast cancer cell lines, respectively, when compared to the nonmalignant cell line 184B5. In contrast, the insulin receptor content of T-47D cells was not increased. The increase in insulin receptor content in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cells was not due to amplification of the insulin receptor gene. Also, total insulin receptor mRNA content was not increased in breast cancer cells in respect to nonmalignantly transformed 184B5 breast epithelial cells. However, significant differences in the content of receptor mRNA species were observed. The insulin receptors in the breast cancer cell lines were functional: (a) In all 4 cell lines, high-affinity insulin-binding sites were detected, and, in concert with the insulin receptor radioimmunoassay data, binding capacity was highest in MCF-7 and then in ZR-75-1 cells. (b) In all cell lines, insulin stimulated insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity. However, the effect of insulin was greater in breast cancer cell lines than in nonmalignant breast cells. (c) In all cell lines, insulin at concentrations of 1 nM or less stimulated [H-3]thymidine incorporation. This effect of insulin was inhibited by 50% in MCF-7 cells and by 60% in 184B5 cells when alpha-IR3, a monoclonal antibody to the insulin-like growth factor I receptor, was present. In these cells, therefore, insulin was active via both its own receptor and the IGF-I receptor. In contrast, alpha-IR3 antibody was without effect in T-47D and ZR-75-1 cells, suggesting that in these cell lines insulin acted only via its receptor. In the breast cancer cells, MA-5, an agonist monoclonal antibody to the insulin receptor, stimulated [H-3]thymidine incorporation. This present study indicates therefore that in breast cancer cell lines there are functional insulin receptors that regulate breast cancer cell growth. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MT ZION MED CTR,DIV DIABET & ENDOCRINE RES,POB 7921,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94120. UNIV CATANIA,OSPED GARIBALDI,CATTEDRA ENDOCRINOL,I-95123 CATANIA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Giorgino, Francesco/K-7262-2016; OI Giorgino, Francesco/0000-0001-7372-2678; BELFIORE, Antonino/0000-0002-6181-4193 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA24844] NR 41 TC 145 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 14 BP 3924 EP 3930 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JC586 UT WOS:A1992JC58600016 PM 1617668 ER PT J AU OTTINGER, PF ROSE, DV NERI, JM OLSON, CL AF OTTINGER, PF ROSE, DV NERI, JM OLSON, CL TI BALLISTIC TRANSPORT AND SOLENOIDAL FOCUSING OF INTENSE ION-BEAMS FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN; DIODE AB Light-ion inertial confinement fusion requires beam transport over distances of a few meters for isolation of the diode hardware from the target explosion and for power compression by time-of-flight bunching. This paper evaluates ballistic transport of light-ion beams focused by a solenoidal lens. The ion beam is produced by an annular magnetically insulated diode and is extracted parallel to the axis by appropriate shaping of the anode surface. The beam propagates from the diode to the solenoidal lens in a field-free drift region. The lens alters the ion trajectories such that the beam ballistically focuses onto a target while propagating in a second field-free region between the lens and the target. Ion orbits are studied to determine the transport efficiency eta(t) (i.e., the fraction of the beam emitted from the diode which hits the target) under various conditions relevant to light-ion inertial confinement fusion. Analytic results are given for a sharp boundary, finite thickness solenoidal lens configuration, and numerical results are presented for a more realistic lens configuration. From the analytic results, it is found that eta(t) can be in the range of 75%-100% for parameter values that appear to be achievable. Numerical results show that using a more realistic magnetic-field profile for the lens yields similar values of eta(t) for small radius diodes but significantly reduced values of eta(t) for large radius diodes. This reduction results from the radial gradient in the focusing field at larger radius. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. JAYCOR,VIENNA,VA 22182. RP OTTINGER, PF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 2 BP 395 EP 404 DI 10.1063/1.351867 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JD971 UT WOS:A1992JD97100009 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JN HIXSON, RS GRAY, GT MORRIS, CE AF JOHNSON, JN HIXSON, RS GRAY, GT MORRIS, CE TI QUASI-ELASTIC RELEASE IN SHOCK-COMPRESSED SOLIDS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVE AB Shock- and release-wave measurements are reported for 6061-T6 aluminum [J. R. Asay and L. C. Chhabildas, in Shock Waves and High-Strain-Rate Phenomena in Metals, edited by M. A. Meyers and L. E. Murr (Plenum, New York, 1981), pp. 417-431], oxygen-free-electronic copper, and a Si-bronze alloy. Significant departure from ideal elastic-plastic response is observed in all three materials. Experimentally determined release-wave profiles show evidence for the onset of reverse plastic flow immediately upon release from the shocked state. This phenomenon is analyzed in terms of internal stresses acting on straight dislocation pileups and pinned dislocation loops created by the shock-compression process. Following shock compression and prior to release, the internal stresses are opposed by the applied shear stress; that is, they exactly balance each other and no plastic flow occurs. As the applied stress is reduced in the unloading wave, reverse plastic flow occurs immediately due to internal reverse stresses acting on these pileups and pinned loops. This effect reduces the longitudinal modulus, and hence, the release-wave speed in what we normally think of as the "elastic-wave" regime. Interpretations of quasielastic release-wave data and calculations are expressed in terms of micromechanical concepts. RP JOHNSON, JN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 2 BP 429 EP 441 DI 10.1063/1.351871 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JD971 UT WOS:A1992JD97100013 ER PT J AU SENGUPTA, S SHI, DL SALEMSUGUI, S WANG, ZN MCGINN, PJ DEMORANVILLE, K AF SENGUPTA, S SHI, DL SALEMSUGUI, S WANG, ZN MCGINN, PJ DEMORANVILLE, K TI CURRENT-DENSITY DEPENDENCE OF THE ACTIVATION-ENERGY IN TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-CREEP; MAGNETIC-RELAXATION; YBA2CU3O7-X; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTAL AB We have conducted magnetic relaxation experiments to calculate the effective activation energy, U, as a function of critical current density. We have shown that, from the nonlinearity of U, one can explain the nonlogarithmic decay of magnetization in type II superconductors. The nonlinearity of U was considered by expanding U about a current density, J0. The coefficients of expansion were determined experimentally and were used to develop the relationship between U and J for both conventional type II superconductors (Nb3Sn filamentary) and high-T(c) superconductors (YBa2Cu3O7-delta and Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy single crystals). Both types of superconductor were observed to behave in similar fashion. We have also calculated U0 using the standard formulas and the intercepts of the tangent of the U vs M curve and have found the results to be comparable. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 2 BP 592 EP 595 DI 10.1063/1.351837 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JD971 UT WOS:A1992JD97100036 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JN AF JOHNSON, JN TI CALCULATION OF PATH-DEPENDENT SHOCK-WAVE HARDENING SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note AB Material hardening models can be divided broadly into two categories; those that depend on the path followed in getting to the final state and those that do not. For those that do not depend on the path, no special attention need be directed toward the case of shock fronts in numerical calculation. For those that do, however, care must be exercised in making sure that zone-size effects and artificial viscosity do not mask the real material behavior controlling the shear strength behind the shock wave. The mechanical threshold stress (MTS) model is an example of a path-dependent material constitutive description that requires such consideration. In this paper a procedure is established for treating shock waves in computations using the MTS model. It involves a means by which the presence of the shock wave and its peak amplitude is sensed and then performing a separate calculation to determine the material state immediately behind the shock. RP JOHNSON, JN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 2 BP 797 EP 799 DI 10.1063/1.351815 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JD971 UT WOS:A1992JD97100070 ER PT J AU CHOU, LY BLANCH, HW PRAUSNITZ, JM SIEGEL, RA AF CHOU, LY BLANCH, HW PRAUSNITZ, JM SIEGEL, RA TI BUFFER EFFECTS ON AQUEOUS SWELLING KINETICS OF POLYELECTROLYTE GELS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PH-SENSITIVE HYDROGELS; PROTON MOVEMENT; MOBILE BUFFERS; DISSOLUTION; DIFFUSION; METHACRYLATE; BEHAVIOR; RELEASE; ACIDS; DRUGS AB Electrolytes are often added to a gel-swelling medium under the assumption that the important conditions which characterize swelling rates are the solution pH and ionic strength, with little emphasis on the nature of the electrolyte. Previous research by Siegel et al. has indicated that the presence of the un-ionized acidic form of an electrolyte buffer is a primary rate determinant for swelling of a polybase gel. A systematic swelling study on two separate gels, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymerized with methacrylic acid (HEMA/MAA) and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (HEMA/DMA), has been performed to investigate the influence of the concentration of the un-ionized buffer by three principal factors: (1) total buffer concentration, (2) solution pH, and (3) buffer pK(a). Swelling and deswelling kinetics were obtained. In the presence of an electrolyte buffer, a dramatic swelling rate increase is observed for the HEMA gels, with substantial gains in rate obtained as total buffer concentration rises. Results also emphasize that to enhance swelling kinetics, the pH must be such that the buffer is essentially un-ionized. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. NR 29 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1411 EP 1423 DI 10.1002/app.1992.070450810 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA HZ515 UT WOS:A1992HZ51500010 ER PT J AU WIEDMANN, RT TONKYN, RG WHITE, MG WANG, KH MCKOY, V AF WIEDMANN, RT TONKYN, RG WHITE, MG WANG, KH MCKOY, V TI ROTATIONALLY RESOLVED THRESHOLD PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA OF OH AND OD SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETERMINATION; ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; INTERNAL-STATE DISTRIBUTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; PHOTOIONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE; RADICALS; ENERGY; REGION AB The results of combined experimental and theoretical studies of the rotationally resolved photoelectron spectra of OH and OD following single-photon ionization are presented. The measured zero-kinetic-energy (ZEKE) spectra were obtained using pulsed field ionization in conjunction with a vacuum ultraviolet laser source. The OH+ and OD+ (X 3-SIGMA-, upsilon+ = 0) rotational distributions were studied over the range 95.0-95.4 nm. Agreement between the observed and calculated spectra is very encouraging. Improved values for the ionization potentials of OH and OD (104 989 and 105 085 +/- 2 cm-1, respectively) are reported and the unusual dynamics favoring DELTA-N < 0 transitions are discussed. C1 CALTECH, ARTHUR AMOS NOYES LAB CHEM PHYS, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RP WIEDMANN, RT (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 29 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 2 BP 768 EP 772 DI 10.1063/1.463179 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JM253 UT WOS:A1992JM25300002 ER PT J AU BALKO, BA ZHANG, J LEE, YT AF BALKO, BA ZHANG, J LEE, YT TI PHOTODISSOCIATION OF ETHYLENE AT 193 NM SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC STATES; VINYLIDENE B-3(2); TRANS STRUCTURES; ACETYLENE; PHOTOLYSIS; SINGLET; ISOMERIZATION; DISSOCIATION; ENERGETICS; CIS AB The photodissociation of ethylene at 193 nm was studied by measuring the product translational energy distributions for the H+C2H3 and H-2+C2H2 channels. In agreement with previous workers, it was determined that atomic and molecular elimination occur in relatively equal amounts. Using 1,1 D2CCH2 and 1,2 cis HDCCDH, it was shown that both acetylene and vinylidene are formed and that the acetylene/vinylidene ratio is approximately 2/3 in the molecular elimination. This H-2 elimination channel has a translational energy distribution peaked at around 20 kcal/mol, indicating that it is a concerted process with a substantial exit barrier. It was found that the H atom elimination channel is best described as a simple bond rupture occurring after internal conversion of the electronically excited molecule to the vibrationally excited ground state ethylene. Some of the primary C2H3 product has sufficient internal energy to spontaneously decompose to H+HC=CH. At higher laser intensity a large fraction of the C2H3, however, absorbs another photon and fragments to H+H2C=C: (1A1 and 3B2. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 37 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 2 BP 935 EP 942 DI 10.1063/1.463196 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JM253 UT WOS:A1992JM25300021 ER PT J AU METZ, RB NEUMARK, DM AF METZ, RB NEUMARK, DM TI ADIABATIC 3-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF THE IHI-, BRHI-, AND BRHBR- PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM REACTIVE SCATTERING; PROTON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; TRANSITION-STATE REGION; FRANCK-CONDON FACTORS; PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTRUM; I+HI REACTION; 3 DIMENSIONS; ROTATIONAL DISTRIBUTIONS; HYDROGEN-ATOM; DYNAMICS AB In order to better characterize the transition-state region for the I + HI, Br + HI, and Br + HBr reactions, the photoelectron spectra of IHI-, IDI-, BrHI-, BrHBr-, and BrDBr- have been simulated using a three-dimensional adiabatic approach. This method of simulation uses a Born-Oppenheimer separation in time scales between the fast hydrogen-atom motion and the slow halogen-atom motion to greatly simplify the computation of the photoelectron spectrum. The resulting simulations are compared to the experimental photoelectron and threshold photodetachment spectra of these anions, and to "exact" simulations of the IHI- and IDI- spectra. The comparison with the exact simulations shows that the adiabatic method is reasonably accurate, and is a considerable improvement over previous approximate simulation schemes. Potential-energy surfaces for the I + HI and Br + HI reactions are evaluated based on a comparison between the simulated and experimental spectra. A three-dimensional surface for the Br + HBr reaction that reproduces the experimental photoelectron spectrum is constructed by extending a fitted collinear surface to three dimensions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Metz, Ricardo/E-8856-2010; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; Metz, Ricardo/0000-0003-1933-058X NR 65 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 2 BP 962 EP 977 DI 10.1063/1.463199 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JM253 UT WOS:A1992JM25300024 ER PT J AU MACDONALD, RG LIU, KP AF MACDONALD, RG LIU, KP TI THE DYNAMIC RENNER-TELLER EFFECT .2. ROTATIONALLY INELASTIC-SCATTERING OF NCO(X)OVER-TILDE2-PI,00(1)0)+HE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL CROSS-SECTIONS; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; MOLECULES; COLLISIONS; BEAM; EXCITATION; PI AB State-resolved integral cross sections for the inelastic scattering of the Hund's case (a) radical NCO(X 2-PI) by He have been measured in a crossed-beam apparatus. Two different types of measurements are reported: (1) state-resolved integral cross sections at fixed collision energies from 0.94-3.05 kcal mol-1 and (2) the collision energy dependence of state-specific product states for both 2-PI-3/2 and 2-PI-1/2 spin-orbit states of NCO(X 2-PI,00(1)0). As in a preliminary account of this work for E0 = 3.74 kcal mol-1 [J. Phys. Chem. 91, 9630 (1991)], herein referred to as part I, dramatically different rotational level distributions were found for spin-orbit conserving or changing collisions. It is argued that this behavior and many other observations on this system are generic to the inelastic scattering of Hund's case (a) 2-PI radicals. A conceptual framework to understand these results is elucidated in detail. The direct connection between the experimental observables and the Hund's case classification is made for the inelastic scattering of radicals. This connection can be viewed as a dynamical consequence of the Renner-Teller effect. RP MACDONALD, RG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Liu, Kopin/F-7929-2012 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 2 BP 978 EP 990 DI 10.1063/1.463200 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JM253 UT WOS:A1992JM25300025 ER PT J AU BUTENHOFF, TJ ROHLFING, EA AF BUTENHOFF, TJ ROHLFING, EA TI RESONANT 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTROSCOPY OF TRANSIENT MOLECULES IN FREE JETS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID EMISSION PUMPING SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCED-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; SIC2; JET-COOLED-C3; OH; FLAMES; C-3 RP BUTENHOFF, TJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 21 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 2 BP 1595 EP 1598 DI 10.1063/1.463234 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JM253 UT WOS:A1992JM25300089 ER PT J AU PETROVIC, JJ UNAL, O MITCHELL, TE AF PETROVIC, JJ UNAL, O MITCHELL, TE TI SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF MODEL SIC-SI3N4 INTERFACES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; CRACK DEFLECTION; CERAMICS; SI3N4 AB Microscopic and macroscopic SiC-Si3N4 interfacial structures were synthesized and their properties examined. Microscopic interfaces were produced by hot isostatic pressing vapour-liquid-solid SiC whisker-polycrystalline Si3N4 matrix composites without densification aids. Macroscopic interfaces were formed by the chemical vapour deposited Si3N4 coating of large SiC single crystals. The characteristics of these model interfaces were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and indentation fracture. Results showed the microscopic interfaces to contain a small amount of second phase, while the macroscopic interfaces were pristine in nature with no second phase present. Pristine SiC-Si3N4 interfaces were strongly bonded at room temperature, but interfacial strength decreased at elevated temperatures. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP PETROVIC, JJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 27 IS 14 BP 3770 EP 3776 DI 10.1007/BF00545454 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JF500 UT WOS:A1992JF50000010 ER PT J AU WARNER, JK CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE VONDREELE, RB AF WARNER, JK CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE VONDREELE, RB TI VALENCE CONTRAST BETWEEN IRON SITES IN ALPHA-FE2PO5 - A COMPARATIVE-STUDY BY MAGNETIC NEUTRON AND RESONANT X-RAY-POWDER DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOSSBAUER RESONANCE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; SCATTERING FACTORS; PHOSPHATE; PHASE; DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSITION; FE2PO5 AB Alpha-Fe2PO5 is a mixed valence compound (space group Pnma, a = 7.3639 (7) angstrom, b = 6.4320 (6) angstrom, c = 7.4550 (7) angstrom, z = 4, V = 353.1 (1) angstrom3) in which Fe2+ and Fe3+ are apparently located in two different crystallographic sites. The distribution of these two species within the structure has been investigated by Rietveld analysis of both magnetic neutron and resonant X-ray powder diffraction data, and the results have been compared with bond valence calculations. At energies close to the Fe2+ K-edge determined from XANES, the M(1) site possesses a more negative value of f' (f'(M(1)) = -9.74 (5), f'(M(2)) = -8.04 (7)), whereas at energies near the Fe3+ edge, M(2) shows the most negative f' value (f'(M(1)) = -6.75 (11), f'(M(2)) = -10.01 (17)). Alpha-Fe2PO5 orders antiferromagnetically at temperatures below 250 K, and neutron diffraction is used to solve the magnetic structure and refine values for the magnetic moment at each iron site (M(1) = 3.89 (3)mu(B), M(2) = 4.22 (3)mu(B) Both diffraction experiments are consistent with the presence of Fe2+ at M(1) and Fe3+ at M(2) and are in agreement with bond valence calculations (SIGMA-s(M(1)) = 2.077 (3), SIGMA-s(M(2)) = 2.997 (7)) based upon the room-temperature crystal structure. C1 UNIV OXFORD,CHEM CRYSTALLOG LAB,9 PARKS RD,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 42 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 15 BP 6074 EP 6080 DI 10.1021/ja00041a027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JE225 UT WOS:A1992JE22500027 ER PT J AU CHUANG, CC PENNER, JE EDWARDS, LL AF CHUANG, CC PENNER, JE EDWARDS, LL TI NUCLEATION SCAVENGING OF SMOKE PARTICLES AND SIMULATED DROP SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OVER LARGE BIOMASS FIRES SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL-PARTICLES; CUMULUS CLOUD; FOREST FIRES; CONDENSATION; ENTRAINMENT; SPECTRUM; CLIMATE; ALBEDO; MODEL AB A prescribed bum experiment was conducted in Hardiman Township, Ontario, Canada in August 1987. The fire was of adequate intensity to force the formation of a cumulus cloud, and much of the smoke passed through this cloud. The smoke plume and the fire-driven cloud were observed using ground- and aircraft-based instrumentation. In this paper, we present calculations of the evolution of the smoke and drop size distributions within this cloud due to nucleation and condensation from a detailed microphysical entraining model. Initial conditions for the model simulations were specified using a three-dimensional warm-cloud dynamical model. We investigate the changes of parcel characteristics caused by the effect of entrainment, as well as the sensitivity of nucleation scavenging and drop number concentration to the different background environmental aerosol distributions. The fraction of smoke particles nucleated depends on the chemical nature of the particles, their size distribution, the quantity of smoke present at cloud base, the updraft velocity, and the environmental conditions. The predicted drop size distribution and the measured data above the fire are in good agreement for drop sizes that correspond to condensation on the measured smoke spectra. The results from this study can be used to develop a parameterization that relates the mass of smoke scavenged by nucleation to the updraft velocity and the initial smoke mass loading. We plan to extend this study to predict the effects of aerosols on drop spectra for use in climate models. RP CHUANG, CC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ATMOSPHER & GEOPHYS SCI,POB 808 L-262,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI chuang, cathy/H-4814-2012; Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012 NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 49 IS 14 BP 1264 EP 1275 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<1264:NSOSPA>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA JD724 UT WOS:A1992JD72400007 ER PT J AU HSUEH, CH AF HSUEH, CH TI INTERFACIAL DEBONDING AND FIBER PULL-OUT STRESSES OF FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES .7. IMPROVED ANALYSES FOR BONDED INTERFACES SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC HALF-SPACE; LOAD-TRANSFER; MATRIX; TESTS AB The previous analytical solution, which was presented in part I of this series of papers, for the transfer of elastic stress from a bonded fiber to the matrix is improved in the present study. The present analysis resolves the following limitations, which existed in the previous analysis. (1) The radial dimension of the matrix is much greater than that of the fiber. (2) The radial dependence of the axial stress in the fiber is ignored. (3) The approximate shear stress distribution, which is used to derive the radial dependence of the axial stress in the matrix, satisfies the free surface condition only in an approximate sense. (4) A plane strain condition is assumed in the equilibrium equation in order to relate the tangential stress to the radial stress at the interface. The most significant improvement of the present analysis is that it is applicable for any radial dimension of matrix. RP HSUEH, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 17 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 154 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(92)90337-Z PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA JF622 UT WOS:A1992JF62200002 ER PT J AU MEIER, ML LESUER, DR MUKHERJEE, AK AF MEIER, ML LESUER, DR MUKHERJEE, AK TI THE EFFECTS OF THE ALPHA/BETA PHASE PROPORTION ON THE SUPERPLASTICITY OF TI-6AL-4V AND IRON-MODIFIED TI-6AL-4V SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED SUPERPLASTICITY; DEFORMATION; ALLOYS AB The effect of the alpha/beta-phase ratio on the superplasticity of iron-modified Ti-6Al-4V has been studied using elevated temperature stepped-strain rate tests and stepped-temperature tensile tests. The behavior of these alloys was found to be consistent with the models proposed by Suery and Baudelet (Res. Mechanica, 2 (1981) 163-173) and Chen (B. Baudelet and M. Suery (eds.), International Conference on Superplasticity, Editions du Centre de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 1985, pp. 5.1-5.20) with regard to the rheological hardening of the softer beta-phase due to the presence of the harder alpha-phase. The effect of alloy composition on the deformation resistance of the beta-phase could be accounted for by considering alloy element partitioning when estimating the diffusivity. The effect of phase hardening on the strain rate was found to be a function of f(beta)q where f(beta) is the proportion of the beta-phase and q is a constant equal to 1.3 for f(beta) above a critical value (f(cr)) and to - 1.6 below f(cr), f(cr), is the point at which a reversal in the role of the phases occurs and was found to be moderately sensitive to the concentration of iron. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MEIER, ML (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT MECH AERONAUT & MAT ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 154 IS 2 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(92)90342-X PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA JF622 UT WOS:A1992JF62200007 ER PT J AU ZHANG, SY WENG, WT AF ZHANG, SY WENG, WT TI ANALYSIS OF ACCELERATION CONTROL LOOPS OF A SYNCHROTRON SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB For beam control during acceleration, it is conventional to derive the frequency from an external reference, be it a field marker or an external oscillator. In addition phase and radial feedback loops are also provided to ensure the phase stability, radial position and emittance integrity of the beam. From the fundamental synchrotron oscillation equations, a unified beam control model has been derived using the Laplace transformation method. The open and closed loop behaviors of both feedback controls and their responds under the possible frequency, phase and radius errors are studied. The stability of the loops is investigated under a wide range of variations of the gain and time delays. Actual system performance of the AGS Booster is analyzed and compared with commissioning experiences. Such analysis is useful for setting design criteria and tolerances for new proton synchrotrons. RP ZHANG, SY (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,AGS DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 317 IS 3 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90985-D PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JE311 UT WOS:A1992JE31100001 ER PT J AU CSONKA, PL TOOR, A AF CSONKA, PL TOOR, A TI (MICROPOLE) UNDULATOR GENERATED PHOTON-BEAM COMBINED WITH AN EBIT TO PROBE IONIC ELECTRON-STRUCTURE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Short period insertion devices in high energy storage rings have the capability of generating photons with energies up to the MeV range, emerging in well collimated beams. The interaction of these photons with atoms and ions in an electron-beam ion trap (EBIT) can generate highly ionized atomic species (predominantly through inner shell ionization) up to and including H-like U, and can be utilized to measure photoionization as well as bound-bound transition cross sections in all ionic species. Those may serve as benchmark measurements to test or confirm theoretical calculations. This method of ion generation has the additional advantage that photon beams are not limited by space charge effects, do not contribute to ion recombination nor directly to beam heating, and may be used as a diagnostic tool to study ion distribution inside the EBIT. Such a mode of operation could further increase the range of EBIT devices, which have already proven themselves to be powerful and versatile research tools. A systematic procedure is given to find the best match between parameters characterizing the EBIT vs those of the storage ring and undulator. Based on this, the achievable counting rates are calculated for several cases, and are found to be of interest. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP CSONKA, PL (reprint author), UNIV OREGON,INST THEORET SCI,EUGENE,OR 97403, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 317 IS 3 BP 413 EP 433 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90986-E PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JE311 UT WOS:A1992JE31100002 ER PT J AU ODONNELL, JM DAVIS, J DEHAVEN, RA GRAY, E JOHNSON, R LOMAX, RE MCCLOUD, BJ MCGILL, JA MORRIS, CL NOVAK, J RUSNAK, B TUBB, G APPLEGATE, JM AVERETT, TD BECK, J RITCHIE, BG HAEBEL, E KIEHLMANN, D KLEIN, U PEINIGER, M SCHAFER, P VOGEL, H WARD, H MOORE, CF AF ODONNELL, JM DAVIS, J DEHAVEN, RA GRAY, E JOHNSON, R LOMAX, RE MCCLOUD, BJ MCGILL, JA MORRIS, CL NOVAK, J RUSNAK, B TUBB, G APPLEGATE, JM AVERETT, TD BECK, J RITCHIE, BG HAEBEL, E KIEHLMANN, D KLEIN, U PEINIGER, M SCHAFER, P VOGEL, H WARD, H MOORE, CF TI A SUPERCONDUCTING RADIOFREQUENCY CAVITY FOR MANIPULATING THE PHASE-SPACE OF PION BEAMS AT LAMPF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID 1+ DOUBLET; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; C-12 AB The SCRUNCHER is a superconducting radio-frequency cavity for manipulating the longitudinal phase space of the secondary pion beam from the low energy pion channel at LAMPF. Test results of the cavity performance and initial results from in-beam tests are presented. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,TEMPE,AZ 85287. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. SIEMENS AG,ACCELERATOR & MAGNET TECHNOL,W-5060 BERGISCH GLADBAC,GERMANY. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP ODONNELL, JM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014 OI Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 317 IS 3 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90988-G PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JE311 UT WOS:A1992JE31100004 ER PT J AU FOX, D SIMONGILLO, J RAWOOLSULLIVAN, MW BOISSEVAIN, JG CLELAND, WE GAVRON, A JACAK, BV KRAUS, D SONDHEIM, W SULLIVAN, JP VANHECKE, H WATSON, S WOLF, KL ZHANG, Z AF FOX, D SIMONGILLO, J RAWOOLSULLIVAN, MW BOISSEVAIN, JG CLELAND, WE GAVRON, A JACAK, BV KRAUS, D SONDHEIM, W SULLIVAN, JP VANHECKE, H WATSON, S WOLF, KL ZHANG, Z TI RESPONSE OF THE PARTICIPANT CALORIMETER TO 1.5-6.8 GEV/C ELECTRONS AND HADRONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID COMPENSATION CONDITION AB The Participant Calorimeter for Experiment 814 at BNL is a lead-scintillator sampling calorimeter. The response of the calorimeter to beams of e, mu, pi and p from 1.56 to 6.8 GeV/c is presented. The design and performance of two gain monitoring systems are described, one system measures the response of single scintillator plates in the calorimeter. The calorimeter electromagnetic energy resolution varies from 24 to 32% / square-root E for different towers. For hadron energies over 5 GeV the sigma(h)/E = 43 +/- 3% / square-root E, and e/h = 1.02 +/- 0.07. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 317 IS 3 BP 474 EP 491 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90991-C PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JE311 UT WOS:A1992JE31100007 ER PT J AU ABLES, E BIONTA, RM OLSON, HE SCHMITT, EH SKULINA, KM WUEST, CR AF ABLES, E BIONTA, RM OLSON, HE SCHMITT, EH SKULINA, KM WUEST, CR TI MUON DRIFT CHAMBER WIRE BOND FAILURE ANALYSIS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID SOLDER AB We report here on the detailed analysis of a gold-coated tungsten wire of the type used in many multi-wire proportional chambers and drift chambers. The wire was attached under tension to a printed circuit board bond pad using standard tin/lead solder and was observed to pull out of the solder under uniform tensile loading. Examinations of the failed wire end were performed using electron beam microprobes to study the elemental composition of the residual material on the wire. It is found that the thin gold coating is removed from the surface of the tungsten and alloyed with tin from the solder, forming a nonuniform coating on the wire surface. A surrounding lead-rich region is inferred from this result, leading to the wire failure because of the low shear strength of lead. Discussions of previous work on wire failure and wire aging in high energy physics experiments and similar experiences in the electronics industry are presented. RP ABLES, E (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808 L84,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 317 IS 3 BP 523 EP 530 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90996-H PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JE311 UT WOS:A1992JE31100012 ER PT J AU BRAND, HR DEISSLER, RJ AF BRAND, HR DEISSLER, RJ TI PROPAGATING CONFINED STATES IN PHASE DYNAMICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION; CIRCULAR COUETTE SYSTEM; TAYLOR INSTABILITY; FLOW; INTERMITTENCY; WAVES; NOISE AB We show that the nonlinear phase equation that applies to propagating patterns allows for a large range of parameter values for propagating confined states for which a spatially localized region with wavelengths different from that of the background travels on this background. This phenomenon is the generalization of the stationary confined states predicted a few years ago by the authors, which have since been seen experimentally in various systems. We suggest that the propagating confined states found here could arise in spirals in Taylor vortex flow or in convective systems showing traveling waves far above onset. We find that the propagating confined states can be replaced by a pattern that is irregular in space and time as the control parameter in the nonlinear phase equation is varied. C1 UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH, DEPT PHYS, W-4300 ESSEN 1, GERMANY. NASA, LEWIS RES CTR, ICOMP, CLEVELAND, OH 44135 USA. RP BRAND, HR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES, MAIL STOP B 258, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 888 EP 892 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.888 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JF183 UT WOS:A1992JF18300027 ER PT J AU KOTLARCHYK, M SHEU, EY CAPEL, M AF KOTLARCHYK, M SHEU, EY CAPEL, M TI STRUCTURAL AND DYNAMIC TRANSFORMATIONS BETWEEN NEIGHBORING DENSE MICROEMULSION PHASES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DILUTE SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; LAMELLAR TRANSITION; FLUID MEMBRANES; L3 PHASES; MODEL; SYSTEMS; PARACRYSTAL AB A small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) study of dense AOT-water-decane microemulsions [AOT denotes sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate] was undertaken in order to delineate clearly the phase behavior and corresponding structural transitions for AOT-plus-water volume fractions ranging from phi=0.60 to 0.95. Spectra were collected for temperatures between T=3 and 65-degrees-C. The resulting T-vs-phi phase diagram indicates three distinct structural domains when the water-to-AOT molar ratio is fixed at W=40.8, namely, the previously investigated L2 droplet phase, a high-temperature L(alpha) lamellar phase, and a low-temperature L3 phase consisting of randomly connected lamellar sheets. A significantly wide coexistence region accompanies the droplet-to-lamellar phase transition, which is demonstrated to be first order. For W between 15 and 40, an analysis of the lamellar structure using a one-dimensional paracrystal model produces a Hosemann g factor indicative of an approximately constant variation in the lamellar spacing of about 8%. The SAXS study was supplemented by dielectric-relaxation, shear-viscosity, and quasielastic light-scattering measurements in order to substantiate the observed phase transitions and further our understanding of the structural and dynamical properties of the L3 phase. It was found that the L3 phase exhibits Newtonian behavior up to a shear rate of 790 s-1, in contradiction to previous theoretical considerations. The phase exhibits two distinct relaxation modes. A relaxation time of approximately 1 ms characterizes the Brownian motion of a single lamellar sheet, while the motion of the entire interconnected sheet assembly has a relaxation time on the order of 1 s. C1 TEXACO USA INC,RES CTR,BEACON,NY 12508. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP KOTLARCHYK, M (reprint author), ROCHESTER INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,ROCHESTER,NY 14623, USA. NR 36 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 928 EP 939 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.928 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JF183 UT WOS:A1992JF18300031 ER PT J AU LEEMANS, WP CLAYTON, CE MORI, WB MARSH, KA KAW, PK DYSON, A JOSHI, C WALLACE, JM AF LEEMANS, WP CLAYTON, CE MORI, WB MARSH, KA KAW, PK DYSON, A JOSHI, C WALLACE, JM TI EXPERIMENTS AND SIMULATIONS OF TUNNEL-IONIZED PLASMAS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; HARMONIC-GENERATION; LASER-PLASMA; RARE-GASES; WAVES; SCATTERING; EXCITATION; FREQUENCY; FIELDS AB The tunneling-ionization model predicts that fully ionized plasmas with controllable perpendicular (T(inverted perpendicular)) and negligible longitudinal temperature (T(parallel-to)) can be produced. The validity of these predictions has been studied through experiments and supporting theory and simulations. Emission of odd harmonics of the laser frequency, indicative of a stepwise ionization process, has been observed. X-ray measurements show that the plasma temperature is higher for a circularly polarized laser-produced plasma compared to when linear polarization is used. Analytically we find that the growth of the stimulated Raman (SRS) and Compton scattering (SCS) instabilities are suppressed during the ionization phase. A higher T(parallel-to) than expected from the single-particle-tunneling model was observed after the ionization phase through SCS fluctuation spectra. The maximum achievable plasma density is found to be limited by ionization induced refraction. One-dimensional (1D) simulations show that, after the ionization phase, the initial T(parallel-to) is low as expected from the single particle model and SRS density fluctuations grow to large values. In 2D simulations, however, T(parallel-to) at the end of the ionization phase is already much higher and only SCS is seen to grow. The simulations indicate that stochastic heating and the Weibel instability play an important role in plasma heating in all directions and in making the plasma isotropic. Two-dimensional simulations also confirm that refraction plays a crucial role in determining the maximum electron density that can be obtained in such plasmas. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LEEMANS, WP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 41 TC 150 Z9 150 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 1091 EP 1105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.1091 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JF183 UT WOS:A1992JF18300052 ER PT J AU BOWEN, SP ZHOU, Y MANCINI, JD AF BOWEN, SP ZHOU, Y MANCINI, JD TI PARTITION-FUNCTIONS FOR MANY-PARTICLE SYSTEMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The well-known cumulant-summation formula is applied to the low-temperature calculation of the quantum-mechanical partition functions for many-particle systems. The motivation for this method is to be able to deal with many-particle states directly and avoid the usual starting point of independent single-particle states. The test case chosen for this method was the calculation of the canonical partition function and the grand-canonical partition function for the degenerate free-electron gas, The result is that the expected equivalence of the canonical and grand-canonical ensembles is not found at low temperatures. The role of few-particle fluctuations in the grand-canonical ensemble is shown to be extremely important to the thermal properties of the degenerate free-electron gas and in the difference between the ensembles. C1 FORDHAM UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BRONX,NY 10458. RP BOWEN, SP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1338 EP 1346 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1338 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600010 ER PT J AU KHACHATURYAN, K WEBER, ER HORIGAN, J AF KHACHATURYAN, K WEBER, ER HORIGAN, J TI ELECTRICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF GAAS WITH INTRINSIC ILLUMINATION - THE OPTICAL RECOVERY OF EL2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; PRESSURE; STATE AB We extend the technique of photoconductance and photocapacitance characterization of semiconductors to excitation energies above the band gap. Intrinsic illumination was found to cause highly efficient recovery of EL2 in semi-insulating GaAs from the metastable state at 4 K and to quench extrinsic photoconductance. The results indicate that this optical recovery is a recombination-enhanced defect reaction, triggered by hot-electron capture into a resonant acceptor level of the metastable state of EL2 with a capture barrier of 0.07 eV. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KHACHATURYAN, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1365 EP 1371 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1365 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600014 ER PT J AU SELA, I SMITH, DL SUBBANNA, S KROEMER, H AF SELA, I SMITH, DL SUBBANNA, S KROEMER, H TI RAMAN-SCATTERING NEAR THE (E(0)+DELTA(0)) RESONANCE FROM [211]-ORIENTED GA1-XINXAS/GAAS MULTIPLE QUANTUM-WELLS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; K-P THEORY; GROWTH AXIS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GAAS AB We present a Raman-scattering study of [211]-oriented Ga1-xInxAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells grown by use of molecular-beam epitaxy. Off resonance, the Raman scattering satisfied bulk zinc-blende-structure selection rules. Near the (E0 + DELTA-0) resonance, there is strong LO-phonon Raman scattering in the Z'(X',X')ZBAR' configuration, where Z' refers to the growth axis and X' is in a (111BAR) direction. LO-phonon Raman scattering is forbidden in this configuration by bulk zinc-blende-structure selection rules and does not occur (or at least is much weaker) in [21 l]-oriented GaAs substrates near this resonance. This Raman process is due to Frohlich-interaction electron-phonon scattering activated by the strain-generated electric fields that occur in the multiple-quantum-well structure. We measure the resonance profile of this Raman process. The scattering efficiency is found to decrease with increasing laser intensity, because of a screening of the strain-generated fields by photoexcited free carriers. We present an electronic-structure calculation that accounts for the energy position of the resonance profile. Based on the electronic-structure results, we discuss simple models for the shape of the resonance profile. A free-carrier screening calculation accurately describes the observed laser-intensity dependence of the efficiency of this Raman process. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1480 EP 1488 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1480 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600027 ER PT J AU NILES, DW HOCHST, H AF NILES, DW HOCHST, H TI DETERMINATION OF THE BOWING PARAMETER OF THE SPLIT-OFF BAND IN CD0.8ZN0.2TE(100) BY ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID II-VI-COMPOUNDS; COMPOSITION DEPENDENCE; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STATES; HG1-XZNXTE; DENSITIES; MODEL; GAP; XPS AB Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to measure the width OMEGA(s.o.) = GAMMA-7 - X6 of the split-off valence band in Cd0.8Zn0.2Te(100). We find an increase in the alloy bandwidth which is approximately 2 times larger than the value expected from a linear alloy model (Vegard's rule). Using CdTe as a reference material, we determined a bowing parameter b(p) approximately 0.65 eV for the split-off-band width in Cd1-xZnx Te alloys. The virtual-crystal approximation (VCA) works well for the upper valence bands but fails to describe the more localized d states. Chemical differences and the size mismatch between Cd and Zn atoms lead to pronounced deviations from the VCA behavior. The appearance of distinctly split Cd 4d- and Zn 3d-band emissions which we observe is outside the scope of the VCA, lending support to more sophisticated structural models which incorporate disparate Cd and Zn atoms for binary semiconducting alloys. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT,STOUGHTON,WI 53589. RP NILES, DW (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1498 EP 1504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1498 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600029 ER PT J AU GODIN, TJ HAYDOCK, R AF GODIN, TJ HAYDOCK, R TI EVIDENCE OF A PSEUDOMOBILITY-EDGE FOR ELECTRONS IN DISORDERED LAYERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; LOCALIZATION AB We report results of transmittance calculations for current carriers in disordered layers using the block recursion method. This technique transforms a model of an elastic two-dimensional (2D) scattering potential to an "effective quantum circuit" whose transmittance can be readily found. We observe evidence of a "pseudo-mobility-edge": a kink in the inverse localization length as a function of energy. The energy at which this feature occurs is well separated from the band edge, and is observed to depend on the disorder, but not the sample size or geometry. The 2D system's behavior is intermediate between the 3D system's behavior, which is expected to display a true mobility edge, and ID system's behavior, where localization lengths vary smoothly with energy. C1 UNIV OREGON, INST MAT SCI, EUGENE, OR 97403 USA. UNIV OREGON, DEPT PHYS, EUGENE, OR 97403 USA. RP GODIN, TJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1528 EP 1534 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1528 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600033 ER PT J AU ATREI, A BARDI, U ROVIDA, G TORRINI, M ZANAZZI, E ROSS, PN AF ATREI, A BARDI, U ROVIDA, G TORRINI, M ZANAZZI, E ROSS, PN TI STRUCTURE OF THE (001)-ORIENTED AND (111)-ORIENTED SURFACES OF THE ORDERED FCC PT3SN ALLOY BY LOW-ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION INTENSITY ANALYSIS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; LEED AB The surface structure and composition of the (001)- and (111)-oriented surfaces of the ordered Pt3Sn alloy were determined by low-energy-electron-diffraction intensity analysis. For both orientations the surface structure corresponds to a bulk truncation model. For the (001) surface, the mixed "PtSn" plane forms the outermost surface layer. Sn atoms in the outermost plane are also significantly upwardly displaced (by about 0.2 angstrom) for both the (001) and the (111) surfaces. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ATREI, A (reprint author), UNIV FLORENCE,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM,I-50121 FLORENCE,ITALY. NR 25 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1649 EP 1654 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1649 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600048 ER PT J AU HOEN, S BURK, B ZETTL, A INUI, M AF HOEN, S BURK, B ZETTL, A INUI, M TI METASTABLE LENGTH STATES OF A RANDOM SYSTEM - TAS3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ORTHORHOMBIC TAS3; CONDUCTIVITY; DEPENDENCE; DYNAMICS AB The sample length of the charge-density-wave (CDW) conductor TaS3 is found to be a sensitive function of the applied dc bias electric field E and time t. The length reflects transitions through metastable CDW configurations for both the pinned and sliding CDW in the presence of random impurities. Although a simple theoretical model can account for some qualitative features of the experimental findings, our experimental results are inconsistent with present CDW elasticity theory. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CTR MAT SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1874 EP 1877 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1874 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600083 ER PT J AU KURTZ, SR DAWSON, LR BIEFELD, RM FOLLSTAEDT, DM DOYLE, BL AF KURTZ, SR DAWSON, LR BIEFELD, RM FOLLSTAEDT, DM DOYLE, BL TI ORDERING-INDUCED BAND-GAP REDUCTION IN INAS1-XSBX (X-APPROXIMATE-TO-0.4) ALLOYS AND SUPERLATTICES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY AB Ordering on the {111} planes of the group-V sublattice (CuPt type) is demonstrated in molecular-beam-epitaxy grown InAs1-xSbx (x almost-equal-to 0.4) alloys and strained-layer superlattices (SLS's) using transmission electron diffraction. Accompanying ordering, a significant reduction of the band gap of the alloy was observed through infrared photoluminescence and photoconductive response measurements. An ordered SLS displayed a photoresponse at longer wavelength than the ordered alloy, due to a type-II band offset of the ordered constituents of the SLS. The band-gap reduction caused by ordering in these samples indicates that InAs1-xSbx alloys can effectively span the 8-12-mu-m atmospheric window for long-wavelength, infrared-detector applications. RP KURTZ, SR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 18 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1909 EP 1912 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1909 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600092 ER PT J AU RASOLT, M AF RASOLT, M TI FLUCTUATIONS IN HIGH-RANKING TENSOR ORDER PARAMETERS - IMPLICATION FOR THE ORIENTATIONAL TRANSITION OF C-60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID MODELS AB Using results from renormalization-group studies of high-ranking tensor order parameters, we argue that the orientational phase transition in solid and liquid icosahedral molecules must be fluctuation-driven first order for any interaction between the molecules, including the accidently very small or zero cubic coupling in the Landau-Ginzburg free energy. We argue that this is consistent with the recently reported orientational phase transition in C60 molecules, and in particular with the observed wide range in temperature and sensitivity to pressure of this transition. RP RASOLT, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 1944 EP 1947 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1944 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE626 UT WOS:A1992JE62600101 ER PT J AU JASZCZAK, JA WOLF, D AF JASZCZAK, JA WOLF, D TI THERMOELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURALLY DISORDERED INTERFACE MATERIALS - HOMOGENEOUS VERSUS INHOMOGENEOUS EFFECTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITION-MODULATED SUPERLATTICES; METALLIC SUPERLATTICES; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; MODULUS; FOILS; SIMULATION; PALLADIUM; ANOMALIES AB The effects of homogeneous (temperature-induced) and inhomogeneous (interface-induced) structural disorder on the thermoelastic properties of interface materials are explored by molecular-dynamics simulation. The interface systems considered are superlattices composed of high-angle twist grain boundaries on the (100) plane of a fcc metal at various modulation wavelengths and temperatures. For comparison, the thermoelastic behavior of a perfect fcc crystal is also investigated at the same temperatures. By allowing thermal expansion in some cases, and not in other cases, the explicit effects of the thermal expansion on the elastic properties are explored. We find competing thermal effects of the atomic-level disordering on one hand and the consequent volume expansion on the other. We conclude that atomic-level structural disorder, be it homogeneous or inhomogeneous, can lead to elastic stiffening, provided that the related volume expansions do not dominate the elastic behavior and result in a softening. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 4 BP 2473 EP 2480 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.2473 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE928 UT WOS:A1992JE92800058 ER PT J AU LAI, B YUN, WB CHRZAS, J VICCARO, PJ AF LAI, B YUN, WB CHRZAS, J VICCARO, PJ TI DOUBLET STRUCTURE OF NONSPECULAR X-RAY-SCATTERING FROM MULTILAYERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STANDING WAVES AB The nonspecular scattering of x rays from a multilayer structure deposited on Pt film was studied experimentally. The study resolved the long-standing problem of the origin of the doublet structure first observed about three decades ago. A model based on coherent interfering fields, with the traveling component of the interference field propagating parallel to the interface, is proposed to explain the effect. The implication of the existence of the doublet structure for both specular and nonspecular x-ray-interference measurements is discussed. RP LAI, B (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 4 BP 2481 EP 2485 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.2481 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE928 UT WOS:A1992JE92800059 ER PT J AU AVERILL, FW PAINTER, GS AF AVERILL, FW PAINTER, GS TI STEEPEST-DESCENT DETERMINATION OF OCCUPATION NUMBERS AND ENERGY MINIMIZATION IN THE LOCAL-DENSITY APPROXIMATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB A method based on steepest-descent algorithms is described for calculating one-electron occupation numbers in finite-atomic-cluster calculations. Unlike zero-temperature Fermi-Dirac statistics, the technique can be used to determine fractional occupation numbers in those cases where they give the lowest self-consistent-field energy. Applications to the iron atom and an iron-aluminum cluster illustrate the principles of the method. C1 JUDSON COLL,ELGIN,IL 60123. RP AVERILL, FW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 4 BP 2498 EP 2502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.2498 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE928 UT WOS:A1992JE92800061 ER PT J AU FEIBELMAN, PJ AF FEIBELMAN, PJ TI 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION OF THE GEOMETRIC AND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF THE BE(0001) SURFACE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; METALS; RELAXATION; CHEMISORPTION; IMPURITIES; PROSPECTS; ENERGIES; MG(0001); GAS AB Linearized-augmented-plane-wave calculations for a nine-layer Be(0001) slab agree with the unusual experimental finding of a substantial outer-layer expansion relative to the truncated bulk lattice. They imply that the separation between the outer two layers should be 3.9% larger than in the bulk, while the second- to third-layer separation should be 2.2% larger. The surface expansion is accompanied by demotion of p(sigma) to s electrons on outer-layer Be's. The surface Be's loss of three neighbors makes the energy cost of s- to p(sigma)-electron promotion, which is necessary for the formation of strong bonds to the next layer down, less profitable than in the bulk. RP FEIBELMAN, PJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT SURFACE & INTERFACE SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 35 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 4 BP 2532 EP 2539 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.2532 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE928 UT WOS:A1992JE92800065 ER PT J AU SLUITER, M TURCHI, PEA AF SLUITER, M TURCHI, PEA TI PHASE-STABILITY OF ARTIFICIAL METALLIC SUPERLATTICES - CHEMICAL-ORDER EFFECT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED PERTURBATION METHOD; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC THEORY; GROUND-STATE; CRYSTAL; MODEL; PD; AG; AU AB With the advance of atom by atom deposition techniques, such as magnetron sputtering and molecular-beam epitaxy, it has become possible to design and manufacture materials with composition modulations in one dimension on an atomic scale. A theoretical understanding of the thermodynamic phase stability of these layered materials is still lacking. Therefore, as a first step, the role of short-range interactions within the context of the first-principles electronic theory of phase stability of substitutional bulk alloys on the stability of superlattices and interfaces at T = 0 K is examined. RP SLUITER, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,L-268,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Sluiter, Marcel/E-6086-2010 OI Sluiter, Marcel/0000-0002-6514-4318 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 4 BP 2565 EP 2576 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.2565 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JE928 UT WOS:A1992JE92800070 ER PT J AU PANTALEONE, J AF PANTALEONE, J TI DIRAC NEUTRINOS IN DENSE MATTER SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STELLAR COLLAPSE; OSCILLATIONS; SN1987A; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; BOUNDS; DECAY; BURST AB The evolution of a supernova core can be dramatically different if the neutrinos trapped in the core mix and/or flip helicity and escape as "sterile, right-handed" neutrinos. Thus the observation of neutrinos from supernova SN1987A constrains the mass and mixings of neutrinos. Here we develop the general description of neutrino mixing and spin flip in a background of matter when the nonforward scattering rate is important. The constraints are estimated. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RP PANTALEONE, J (reprint author), FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 41 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 510 EP 523 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.510 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE064 UT WOS:A1992JE06400003 ER PT J AU DINE, M LEIGH, RG HUET, P LINDE, A LINDE, D AF DINE, M LEIGH, RG HUET, P LINDE, A LINDE, D TI TOWARDS THE THEORY OF THE ELECTROWEAK PHASE-TRANSITION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE SCENARIO; COLEMAN-WEINBERG THEORY; HIGGS MESON MASS; BARYON ASYMMETRY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; GAUGE-THEORIES; FINITE TEMPERATURE; FALSE VACUUM; SYMMETRY BEHAVIOR; COSMOLOGY AB We investigate various problems related to the theory of the electroweak phase transition. This includes determination of the nature of the phase transition, discussion of the possible role of the higher-order radiative corrections, and the theory of the formation and evolution of bubbles of the new phase. We show, in particular, that no dangerous linear terms in the scalar field-phi appear in the expression for the effective potential. We have found that, for the Higgs-boson mass smaller than the masses of W and Z bosons, the phase transition is of the first order. However, its strength is approximately 2/3 times less than what follows from the one-loop approximation. The phase transition occurs due to production and expansion of critical bubbles. Subcritical bubbles may be important only if the phase transition is very weakly first order. A general analytic expression for the probability of the bubble formation is obtained, which may be used for study of tunneling in a wide class of theories. The bubble-wall velocity depends on many factors, including the ratio of the mean free path of the particles to the thickness of the wall. Thin walls in the electroweak theory have a nonrelativistic velocity, whereas thick walls may be relativistic. A decrease of the cubic term by the factor 2/3 rules out baryogenesis in the minimal version of the electroweak theory. Even though we concentrate in this paper on the phase transition in this theory, most of our results can be applied to more general models as well, where baryogenesis is possible. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. GUNN HIGH SCH,PALO ALTO,CA 94305. RP DINE, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 65 TC 359 Z9 359 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 550 EP 571 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.550 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE064 UT WOS:A1992JE06400007 ER PT J AU MORNINGSTAR, CJ AF MORNINGSTAR, CJ TI BISTATE T-EXPANSION STUDY OF U(1) LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROJECTOR MONTE-CARLO; VARIATIONAL CALCULATION; COUPLING-CONSTANT; STRING TENSION; COMPACT U(1); ANALYTIC APPROXIMATIONS; HAMILTONIAN APPROACH; FIELD-THEORIES; 3 DIMENSIONS; CONFINEMENT AB The compact formulation of U(1) Hamiltonian lattice gauge theory in 2 + 1 dimensions is studied using the t expansion. The ground-state energy, average plaquette, specific heat, photon mass gap, and the ratio of the two lowest masses are investigated. Two contraction techniques are applied: a unistate scheme which uses only the strong-coupling vacuum for the trial state, and a bistate scheme which allows the introduction of variational parameters and arbitrarily large loops of electric flux in one of the trial states. The mass ratio obtained from the bistate contraction scheme exhibits precocious scaling. No evidence of a stable scalar glueball is found. RP MORNINGSTAR, CJ (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI Morningstar, Colin/N-6925-2014 OI Morningstar, Colin/0000-0002-0607-9923 NR 51 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 824 EP 835 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.824 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE064 UT WOS:A1992JE06400032 ER PT J AU PANACCIONE, DG SCOTTCRAIG, JS POCARD, JA WALTON, JD AF PANACCIONE, DG SCOTTCRAIG, JS POCARD, JA WALTON, JD TI A CYCLIC PEPTIDE SYNTHETASE GENE REQUIRED FOR PATHOGENICITY OF THE FUNGUS COCHLIOBOLUS-CARBONUM ON MAIZE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE HC-TOXIN; PHYTOTOXIN; HELMINTHOSPORIUM; PLANT DISEASE ID HOST-SPECIFIC TOXIN; HELMINTHOSPORIUM-CARBONUM; HC-TOXIN AB Specificity in many plant-pathogen interactions is determined by single genes in pathogen and host. The single locus for host-selective pathogenicity (TOX2) in the fungus Cochliobolus carbonum governs production of a cyclic tetrapeptide named HC-toxin. We have isolated a chromosomal region, 22 kilobases (kb) long, that contains a 15.7-kb open reading frame (HTS1) encoding a multifunctional cyclic peptide synthetase. The 22 -kb chromosomal region is duplicated in toxin-producing isolates of the fungus but is completely absent from the genomes of toxin-nonproducing isolates. Mutants of the fungus with disruptions in both copies of HTS1, at either of two different sites within HTS1, were engineered by DNA-mediated transformation. Disruption of both copies at either site resulted in loss of ability to produce HC-toxin and loss of host-selective pathogenicity, but the mutants displayed different biochemical phenotypes depending on the site of disruption. The results demonstrate that TOX2 encodes, at least in part, a large, multifunctional biosynthetic enzyme and that the evolution of host range in C. carbonum involved the insertion or deletion of a large piece of chromosomal DNA. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. NR 14 TC 120 Z9 125 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 14 BP 6590 EP 6594 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.14.6590 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JD675 UT WOS:A1992JD67500075 PM 11607305 ER PT J AU LAHAIE, D EMBURY, JD CHADWICK, MM GRAY, GT AF LAHAIE, D EMBURY, JD CHADWICK, MM GRAY, GT TI A NOTE ON THE DEFORMATION OF FINE-GRAINED MAGNESIUM ALLOYS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP LAHAIE, D (reprint author), MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,HAMILTON L8S 4L7,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 6 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 27 IS 2 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(92)90102-K PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA HZ526 UT WOS:A1992HZ52600003 ER PT J AU VYAS, S VISWANATHAN, S SIKKA, VK AF VYAS, S VISWANATHAN, S SIKKA, VK TI EFFECT OF ALUMINUM CONTENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT IN BINARY IRON-ALUMINUM ALLOYS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID AL-ALLOYS; FRACTURE RP VYAS, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 27 IS 2 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(92)90110-Z PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA HZ526 UT WOS:A1992HZ52600011 ER PT J AU AKGUN, OV INAL, OT LOVATO, ML JERVIS, TR AF AKGUN, OV INAL, OT LOVATO, ML JERVIS, TR TI EFFECT OF LASER SURFACE MELTING ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF TYPE-304L STAINLESS-STEEL SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP AKGUN, OV (reprint author), NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT & MET ENGN,SOCORRO,NM 87801, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 27 IS 2 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(92)90111-Q PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA HZ526 UT WOS:A1992HZ52600012 ER PT J AU WARREN, WL KANICKI, J RONG, FC POINDEXTER, EH MCWHORTER, PJ AF WARREN, WL KANICKI, J RONG, FC POINDEXTER, EH MCWHORTER, PJ TI CHARGE TRAPPING CENTERS IN N-RICH SILICON-NITRIDE THIN-FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATION-ENERGY; MODEL AB We have examined the behavior of the Si dangling-bond center in regard to charge trapping in N-rich amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride thin films. The effects of multiple electron and hole injections were monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance. These results continue to support a model in which the Si dangling bond is a negative U defect in N-rich nitrides, and that a change in charge state of pre-existing diamagnetic positively and negatively charged sites is responsible for the memory properties of silicon nitride thin films. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. USA,ELECTR TECHNOL & DEVICES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RP WARREN, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Kanicki, Jerzy/E-2753-2016 OI Kanicki, Jerzy/0000-0002-3649-8360 NR 14 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 61 IS 2 BP 216 EP 218 DI 10.1063/1.108222 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JD352 UT WOS:A1992JD35200033 ER PT J AU CHEN, SP AF CHEN, SP TI LOCAL VOLUME POTENTIALS FOR ACTINIDE METALS SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; NI; SURFACES; BINDING; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS; NI3AL; STATE; CU AB We have generated preliminary local volume potentials with a self-looping fitting procedure for the actinide metals thorium and plutonium based on the available experimental data of their cohesions and lattice constants and estimates of elastic constants and vacancy energies. This effort is an attempt to model the mechanical and transport properties and the stability of phases of these actinide metals under various pressures and temperatures. The successes and deficiencies will be discussed. RP CHEN, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 185 IS 2 BP 353 EP 362 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(92)90482-O PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA JF483 UT WOS:A1992JF48300016 ER PT J AU XU, CH WANG, CZ CHAN, CT HO, KM AF XU, CH WANG, CZ CHAN, CT HO, KM TI A TRANSFERABLE TIGHT-BINDING POTENTIAL FOR CARBON SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID BOND-CHARGE MODEL; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DIAMOND; SILICON; SI; C-60; GE AB An interatomic potential for carbon is developed that is based on an empirical tight-binding approach. The model reproduces accurately the energy-versus-volume diagram of carbon polytypes and gives a good description of the phonons and elastic constants for carbon in the diamond and graphite structures. To test the transferability of the model to different atomic environments further, we performed molecular-dynamics simulations to study the liquid phase and the properties of small carbon microclusters. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained from ab initio calculations. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MICROELECTR RES CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP XU, CH (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 24 TC 560 Z9 570 U1 3 U2 35 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 4 IS 28 BP 6047 EP 6054 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/4/28/006 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JD906 UT WOS:A1992JD90600006 ER PT J AU SIHVER, L ALEKLETT, K LOVELAND, W MCGAUGHEY, PL GROSS, DHE JAQAMAN, HR AF SIHVER, L ALEKLETT, K LOVELAND, W MCGAUGHEY, PL GROSS, DHE JAQAMAN, HR TI GOLD TARGET FRAGMENTATION BY 800 GEV PROTONS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE AU-197(P, X); E=800 GEV; MEASURED SIGMA FOR FORMATION OF 118 NUCLIDES FROM NA-24 TO AU-198; MEASURED FRAGMENT DIFFERENTIAL RANGES AND ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS; DEDUCED D-SIGMA/D-OMEGA DE (FRAGMENT-Z,A) AND ISOBARIC YIELDS ID PARTICLE-NUCLEUS REACTIONS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; RECOIL PROPERTIES; CROSS-SECTION; AU-197; C-12; SYSTEMATICS; COLLISIONS; IONS; DECAY AB Target fragmentation formation cross sections, angular distributions, and range spectra were measured for the interaction of 800 GeV protons with Au-197. From the measured formation cross sections, isobaric yields were deduced. The range distributions were converted to energy spectra. The angular distributions are sideward peaked for the fission/deep spallation products with the maxima in the distributions occurring at 30-degrees-60-degrees. The angular distributions and energy spectra are consistent with previous measurements of the interactions of energetic protons with gold. Within experimental uncertainties, the mass-yield distribution from the interaction of 800 GeV protons with gold is the same as from the interaction of 11.5 GeV protons with gold. The microcanonical model for statistical decay of very highly excited nuclei reproduces the general trend of the measured isobaric yields from the interaction of 800 GeV protons with Au-197 although the calculation predicts more structure in the yields than is observed.(~)[GRAPHICS] C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CTR RADIAT B123,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. HAHN MEITNER INST KERNFORSCH BERLIN GMBH,W-1000 BERLIN 39,GERMANY. BIR ZEIT UNIV,BIRZEIT,ISRAEL. OI Jaqaman, Henry/0000-0002-0812-3086 NR 48 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 543 IS 4 BP 703 EP 721 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(92)90555-X PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA JG686 UT WOS:A1992JG68600007 ER PT J AU CHANTRENNE, S BEIERSDORFER, P CAUBLE, R SCHNEIDER, MB AF CHANTRENNE, S BEIERSDORFER, P CAUBLE, R SCHNEIDER, MB TI MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION CROSS-SECTIONS FOR HELIUM-LIKE TITANIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; X-RAY-EMISSION; TOKAMAK; LINES; BEAM AB We have obtained the first measurement of electron impact excitation cross sections as a function of energy for a highly charged ion. Collisional excitation cross sections to four n = 2 levels of He-like titanium were measured from threshold to 1.7 times threshold. The data conform well to established theory, especially for direct excitation; however, significant differences are found with predicted contributions from resonance excitation and in the treatment of radiative cascades. The latter changes plasma temperatures inferred from titanium K-alpha line intensities by as much as a factor of 2. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 2 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.265 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD321 UT WOS:A1992JD32100013 ER PT J AU PETTY, CC PINSKER, RI MAYBERRY, MJ PORKOLAB, M BAITY, FW BONOLI, PT CHIU, SC DEHAAS, JCM GOULDING, RH HOFFMAN, DJ LUCE, TC PRATER, R AF PETTY, CC PINSKER, RI MAYBERRY, MJ PORKOLAB, M BAITY, FW BONOLI, PT CHIU, SC DEHAAS, JCM GOULDING, RH HOFFMAN, DJ LUCE, TC PRATER, R TI ABSORPTION OF FAST WAVES BY ELECTRONS ON THE DIII-D TOKAMAK SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEATED DIVERTOR DISCHARGES; CURRENT DRIVE; H-MODE; CONFINEMENT; PLASMA; FREQUENCIES; REGIME; RANGE AB Efficient direct heating of electrons by fast waves has been observed on the DIII-D tokamak. The measured fast-wave heating efficiency was independent of magnetic field, in contrast to the strong inverse magnetic field scaling predicted by the theory of single-pass damping, indicating multiple-pass absorption. The central heating of electrons by the fast waves had a strong dependence on the target electron temperature. H-mode plasmas were obtained with fast-wave heating alone for the first time in the direct electron heating regime. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP PETTY, CC (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO, POB 85608, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 13 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 2 BP 289 EP 292 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.289 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JD321 UT WOS:A1992JD32100019 ER PT J AU ERIKSSON, O WILLS, JM BORING, AM AF ERIKSSON, O WILLS, JM BORING, AM TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF THE RBIPT COMPOUNDS (R-EQUIVALENT-TO-Y AND YB) SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID BAND AB The electronic structure of the semiconducting YBiPt intermetallic compound is compared with the isostructural, but metallic, YbBiPt compound. The difference in the transport properties is found to be governed by the volume, since the smaller volume in YbBiPt results in broader Yb d and Pt d bands and a closing of the semiconducting gap. The closing of the gap in YbBiPt is partly a relativistic effect, since scalar relativistic calculations do not reproduce the metallic ground state, whereas fully relativistic (Dirac) calculations do. In the semiconducting YBiPt intermetallic compound the valence band is found to be dominated by the Pt d states and the conduction band by the Y d states. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP ERIKSSON, O (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUL 12 PY 1992 VL 185 IS 1 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(92)90561-M PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA JC306 UT WOS:A1992JC30600018 ER PT J AU QUENTIN, Y AF QUENTIN, Y TI ORIGIN OF THE ALU FAMILY - A FAMILY OF ALU-LIKE MONOMERS GAVE BIRTH TO THE LEFT AND THE RIGHT ARMS OF THE ALU ELEMENTS SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE; REPETITIVE DNA ELEMENTS; HUMAN GENOME; 7SL RNA; PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; REPEATED SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; GENES; SUBFAMILY AB The Alu dimeric elements are a common feature of the primate genomes, where they constitute a family of related sequences (1). The identification of a free left Alu monomer (FLAM) family plus a free right Alu monomer (FRAM) family suggests that the dimeric structure results from the fusion of a FLAM sequence with a FRAM sequence (2). Here, we describe a very old Alu-like monomeric family, referred to as FAM for fossil Alu monomer. This family arose from a 7SL RNA sequence and gave birth to the FLAM and FRAM families. From the results obtained, the evolution of the Alu family can be subdivided into two phases. The first phase, which involves only monomeric elements, is characterized by deep remodelling of the progenitor sequences and ends with the appearance of the first Alu dimeric element through the fusion of a FLAM and a FRAM element. The second phase, still in progress, starts with the first Alu dimeric element. This phase is characterized by the stabilization of the progenitor sequences. RP QUENTIN, Y (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP, T-10, MS K710, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-37812] NR 44 TC 83 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 11 PY 1992 VL 20 IS 13 BP 3397 EP 3401 DI 10.1093/nar/20.13.3397 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JE818 UT WOS:A1992JE81800018 PM 1378589 ER PT J AU ITO, T SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR AF ITO, T SMITH, CL CANTOR, CR TI TRIPLEX AFFINITY CAPTURE OF A SINGLE COPY CLONE FROM A YEAST GENOMIC LIBRARY SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID CLEAVAGE; DNA C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM BIODYNAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA39782] NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 11 PY 1992 VL 20 IS 13 BP 3524 EP 3524 DI 10.1093/nar/20.13.3524 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JE818 UT WOS:A1992JE81800047 PM 1630933 ER PT J AU JANDERA, P GUIOCHON, G AF JANDERA, P GUIOCHON, G TI ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS OF CHOLESTEROL AND RELATED-COMPOUNDS IN NONAQUEOUS REVERSED-PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BAND; GAS AB The adsorption isotherms of cholesterol, cholesteryl acetate. cholesteryl formate and cholestanone were measured on two different chemically bonded C18 silica columns, using acetonitrile-dichloromethane or acetonitrile-n-hexane as mobile phases. In all instances the experimental isotherms are nearly but not extactly linear, exhibit significant deviations from Langmuir isotherm behavior and are fairly well described by a three-parameter quadratic equation. However, the best representation of the experimental data is obtained with a four-parameter quadratic isotherm. A model was worked out to account for these isotherms and to attempt an explanation of the physical meaning of the isotherm parameters on the basis of the limited solubility of the compounds studied in the bulk liquid phase, of two-layer adsorption and of an association between the sorbed molecules. A detailed study of the dependence of the isotherm coefficients on various experimental parameters (e.g., type and specific surface area of the C18 phase, type and concentration of the solvents in the mobile phase) gave results in qualitative agreement with the model. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 605 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85023-M PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JF958 UT WOS:A1992JF95800001 ER PT J AU ZUCCA, JJ EVANS, JR AF ZUCCA, JJ EVANS, JR TI ACTIVE HIGH-RESOLUTION COMPRESSIONAL WAVE ATTENUATION TOMOGRAPHY AT NEWBERRY VOLCANO, CENTRAL CASCADE RANGE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID OREGON; VELOCITY AB In this study, we use the seismic data from a previous study at Newberry to compute its three-dimensional compressional wave attenuation structure. The data consist of eight explosions recorded on an array of about 120 seismograph stations. The shots are located on two concentric circles centered on the caldera with radii of 39 and 85 km. Attenuation is estimated using spectral ratios to compute delta-t* at each station for each shot. The data are inverted using a least squares technique. Our results indicate that regions of inferred boiling water (i.e., two-phase pore fluid) are correlated spatially with regions of high attenuation not corresponding to low velocities. Two regions are of particular interest. One is underneath the Newberry II drill hole, in the central part of the caldera, where results from a flow test suggest that two-phase fluid conditions existed in the bottom of the hole before the flow test. The other region is beneath the west flank of the volcano, which has been interpreted as an attractive geothermal prospect because of a shallow conductive anomaly. Our results are consistent with the suggestion made in an earlier paper by us that two-phase geothermal reservoirs can be located within complex three-dimensional structures by using jointly interpreted compressional wave velocity and attenuation images. C1 US GEOL SURVEY,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP ZUCCA, JJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BOX 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 97 IS B7 BP 11047 EP 11055 DI 10.1029/92JB00492 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JD389 UT WOS:A1992JD38900011 ER PT J AU WU, J SHEN, ZX DESSAU, DS CAO, R MARSHALL, DS PIANETTA, P LINDAU, I YANG, X TERRY, J KING, DM WELLS, BO ELLOWAY, D WENDT, HR BROWN, CA HUNZIKER, H DEVRIES, MS AF WU, J SHEN, ZX DESSAU, DS CAO, R MARSHALL, DS PIANETTA, P LINDAU, I YANG, X TERRY, J KING, DM WELLS, BO ELLOWAY, D WENDT, HR BROWN, CA HUNZIKER, H DEVRIES, MS TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL C-60 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID SOLID C-60; C60; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; CLUSTERS; CARBON; STATES; FORM AB We report angle-resolved photoemission data from single crystals of C60 cleaved in UHV. Unlike the other forms of pure carbon, the valence band spectrum of C60 consists of many sharp features that can be essentially accounted for by the quantum chemical calculations describing individual molecules. This suggests that the electronic structure of solid C60 is mainly determined by the bonding interactions within the individual molecules. We also observe remarkable intensity modulations of the photoemission features as a function of photon energy, suggesting strong final state effects. Finally, we address the issue of the band width of the HOMO state of C60. We assert that the width of the photoemission peak of C60 does not reflect the intrinsic band width because it is broadened by the non 0-0 transitions via the Franck-Condon principle. Our view point provides a possible reconciliation between these photoemission data and those measured by other techniques. C1 STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94309. IBM CORP,DIV RES,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. RP WU, J (reprint author), STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 197 IS 3-4 BP 251 EP 260 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90007-Y PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE338 UT WOS:A1992JE33800006 ER PT J AU CHOU, FC CHO, JH JOHNSTON, DC AF CHOU, FC CHO, JH JOHNSTON, DC TI SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND SUPERCONDUCTING AND MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY OXIDIZED LA2CUO4+DELTA AND LA2-XSRXCUO4+DELTA(0.01-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-X-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-0. 33,0.01-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-DELTA-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-0.36) SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID PHASE-SEPARATION; CRYSTAL; STOICHIOMETRY; OXIDATION; 40-K AB La2CuO4 can be electrochemically oxidized in aqueous base at 295 K to form a superconductor with T(c) almost-equal-to 44 K [Wattiaux et al., C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 310 (1990) 1047]. We have confirmed and extended this study. We conclude that the electrochemical reaction forms La2CuO4+delta. Two distinct bulk superconducting phases are found at delta almost-equal-to 0.03 (T(c) almost-equal-to 32 K) and delta greater-than-or-similar-to 0.08 (T(c) almost-equal-to 45 K). Bulk superconductivity is found in similarly prepared La2-xSrxCuO4+delta with T(c) almost-equal-to 40 K for 0.01 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.15. Normal state magnetic susceptibility data for La2CuO4.11 and La1.92Sr0.08CuO4.07 are nearly identical with those of conventionally prepared La1.85Sr0.15CuO4, indicating that the hole doping level (p) in the CuO2 planes of the three compounds is nearly the same. Iodometric titration experiments confirmed that the maximum doped-hole concentration from combined Sr-doping and electrochemical oxygen doping for 0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 0.15 is p almost-equal-to 0.16 holes/formula unit. The electrochemical oxidation of the starting materials does not appear to be reversible. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP CHOU, FC (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 26 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 197 IS 3-4 BP 303 EP 314 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90013-3 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE338 UT WOS:A1992JE33800012 ER PT J AU RUBIN, ES COOPER, RN FROSCH, RA LEE, TH MARLAND, G ROSENFELD, AH STINE, DD AF RUBIN, ES COOPER, RN FROSCH, RA LEE, TH MARLAND, G ROSENFELD, AH STINE, DD TI REALISTIC MITIGATION OPTIONS FOR GLOBAL WARMING SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 NATL ACAD ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20418. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. HARVARD UNIV,DEPT ECON,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. GM CORP,RES LABS,WARREN,MI 48090. MIT,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NATL ACAD SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20418. RP RUBIN, ES (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ENGN & PUBL POLICY,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. RI Rubin, Edward/D-7629-2013 NR 52 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5067 BP 148 EP & DI 10.1126/science.257.5067.148 PG 0 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC585 UT WOS:A1992JC58500010 PM 17794735 ER PT J AU BUSECK, PR TSIPURSKY, SJ HETTICH, R AF BUSECK, PR TSIPURSKY, SJ HETTICH, R TI FULLERENES FROM THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLUSTER IONS; CARBON; C-60; COALS AB By means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, both C60 and C70 fullerenes have been found in a carbon-rich Precambrian rock from Russia. The fullerenes were confirmed by Fourier transform mass spectrometry with both laser desorption and thermal desorption/electron-capture methods to verify that the fullerenes were indeed present in the geological sample and were not generated by the laser ionization event. The mass spectra were measured under conditions sufficient to resolve the C-13/C-12 isotopic ratios for C60 and C70 and indicate that these ratios correspond to the normal range of isotopic values. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BUSECK, PR (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 33 TC 213 Z9 223 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5067 BP 215 EP 217 DI 10.1126/science.257.5067.215 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC585 UT WOS:A1992JC58500029 PM 17794751 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, DR THOMAS, VL SNYDER, F AF HOFFMAN, DR THOMAS, VL SNYDER, F TI INHIBITION OF CELLULAR-TRANSPORT SYSTEMS BY ALKYL PHOSPHOLIPID ANALOGS IN HL-60 HUMAN LEUKEMIA-CELLS SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE ALKYL PHOSPHOLIPID; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; NUTRIENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM ID CLEAVAGE ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; CYTO-TOXICITY; PROTEIN-KINASE; TUMOR-CELLS; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR NEUTROPHILS; SELECTIVE DESTRUCTION; NEOPLASTIC-CELLS; ETHER LIPIDS; LYSOPHOSPHOLIPIDS; DIFFERENTIATION AB Specific non-metabolizable alkyl-phospholipids selectively kill neoplastic cells, yet normal and more differentiated cells are relatively resistant. Although these highly selective anticancer lipids appear to target the cell membrane, their mechanism of cytotoxic action remains to be defined. We report here that treatment of 'sensitive' HL-60 leukemia cells with one of the most potent lipid agents, 1-alkyl-2-methoxy-glycero-3-phosphocholine, inhibits the cellular transport of multiple essential nutrients including choline, amino acids, fatty acids, and the non-metabolizable carbohydrate, 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Minimal inhibitory responses of the varied transport systems were noted in HL-60 cells treated with the less potent, 2-lyso analog, and in 'resistant' K562 leukemia cells, treated with the 2-methoxy lipid. Although both the 2-methoxy lipid and 12-tetradacanoylphorbol 13-acetate induce differentiation in HL-60 cells, significant differences in the interactions of these lipids on cellular choline transport were found. Based on these results, we conclude that multiple nutrient deprivation induced by the detergent-like action of the methoxy-containing alkyl phospholipid results in the selective destruction of neoplastic cells that are sensitive to this membrane-targeted antitumor agent. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,DALLAS,TX 75230. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 1127 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90203-8 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JE020 UT WOS:A1992JE02000010 PM 1627636 ER PT J AU DAVIS, HF LEE, YT AF DAVIS, HF LEE, YT TI DYNAMICS AND MODE SPECIFICITY IN OCLO PHOTODISSOCIATION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID CHLORINE DIOXIDE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM; NM; SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; OCLO AB The photodissociation of OClO in a molecular beam was studied using photofragment translational energy spectroscopy at wavelengths between 350 and 475 nm. Although the dominant products are ClO(X2-PI) + (O(P))-P-3, we observe formation of (Cl(P))-P-2 + O2(3-SIGMA(g)-)and find strong evidence for a substantial yield of Cl(2P) + O2(1-DELTA(g)). The total yield reaches a maximum of 3.9 +/- 0.8% near 404 nm and decreases to <0.2% under the absorption peaks in the wavelength range 350-370 nm. The branching ratios display mode specificity: the yield of Cl + O2 from OClO with symmetric stretching excitation or symmetric stretching + bending is approximately 10 times greater than from states at nearly the same energy with asymmetric stretching excitation. The Cl + O2 results from concerted unimolecular decomposition with release of up to approximately 68 kcal/mol in relative translational energy. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 27 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 96 IS 14 BP 5681 EP 5684 DI 10.1021/j100193a005 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JD966 UT WOS:A1992JD96600005 ER PT J AU SAUER, MC JONAH, CD AF SAUER, MC JONAH, CD TI ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM CO2- TO PERYLENE IN CYCLOHEXANE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; REDUCTION; LIQUIDS; ION AB CO2.- formed by the reaction of the electron with CO2 in cyclohexane transfers an electron to perylene with a rate constant of 2.9 x 10(10) M-1 s-1. G-epsilon(580nm) for the perylene radical anion is 9 x 10(3) molecules (100 eV)-1 M-1 cm-1. The transfer of an electron from CO2.- to an aromatic molecule is a significant process when CO2 is used as an electron scavenger in solutions where the production of excited states of the aromatic molecule is studied. RP SAUER, MC (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 96 IS 14 BP 5872 EP 5875 DI 10.1021/j100193a042 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JD966 UT WOS:A1992JD96600042 ER PT J AU JELINEK, R OZKAR, S OZIN, GA AF JELINEK, R OZKAR, S OZIN, GA TI INTRAZEOLITE TOPOTAXY - NA-23 DOUBLE-ROTATION NMR-STUDY OF TRANSITION-METAL HEXACARBONYLS AND OXIDES ENCAPSULATED IN SODIUM ZEOLITE-Y SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOTOPOTAXY AB Na-23 double-rotation NMR (DOR) provides details on site specific adsorption and anchoring interactions in intrazeolite hexacarbonylmetal(0) complexes, M{M(CO)6}-Na56Y, where M = Mo and W, and their molecular photooxidation products, n{MO3-x}-Na56Y, over the full composition range 0 < m less-than-or-equal-to 16, 0 < n less-than-or-equal-to 32 and 0 less-than-or-equal-to x less-than-or-equal-to 1. The shifts, intensities, and line shapes of the Na-23 DOR resonances carry information on the environments of the extraframework Na+ binding sites within the zeolite lattice, as well as structural aspects of the guest species. C1 UNIV TORONTO,LASH MILLER CHEM LABS,ADV ZEOLITE MAT RES GRP,80 ST GEORGE ST,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OI jelinek, raz/0000-0002-0336-1384 NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 96 IS 14 BP 5949 EP 5953 DI 10.1021/j100193a055 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JD966 UT WOS:A1992JD96600055 ER PT J AU WILLNER, I EICHEN, Y JOSELEVICH, E FRANK, AJ AF WILLNER, I EICHEN, Y JOSELEVICH, E FRANK, AJ TI CHARACTERIZATION OF ROSE BENGAL-N,N'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM COMPLEXES AND THEIR SEPARATION IN AQUEOUS SIO2 COLLOIDS - PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ROSE-BENGAL IN THE MICROHETEROGENEOUS SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTERFACIAL CHARGE SEPARATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; METHYL VIOLOGEN; QUANTUM YIELDS; PHOTOREDUCTION; SILICA; WATER; DYES AB Rose Bengal, Rb2-, forms crystalline 1:1 and 2:1:1 complexes with N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium, MV2+ In the 1:1 complex the two components are coplanar with charge neutralization within the complex structure. In the 2:1:1 complex, one MV2+ unit is intercalated between two Rb2- units and the second MV2+ unit is positioned externally to this sandwich structure and acts in charge neutralization. In both complexes, electrostatic interactions, charge-transfer interactions, and pi-interactions stabilize the intermolecular assemblies. In solution, Rb2- and MV2+ form initially the 1:1 intermolecular complex [Rb2-...MV2+]; K(a(298K)) = 9000 +/- 500, DELTA-G-degrees = -22.56 +/- 1.1 KJ.mol-1, DELTA-H-degrees = -36.62 +/- 2 KJ.mol-1, and DELTA-S = -0.048 +/- 0.0025 KJ-mol-1.K-1 In the presence of added silica colloid, the [Rb2-...MV2+] complex is separated through the selective association of MV2+ to the negatively charged colloid interface; D(a(298K)) = 140 000 +/- 20 000 M-1. Flash photolysis experiments reveal that only free MV2+ is operative in t he quenching of Rb-3(2-); k(q) = 4.7 +/- 1 X 10(9) M-1.s-1. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP WILLNER, I (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,INST CHEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 96 IS 14 BP 6061 EP 6066 DI 10.1021/j100193a075 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JD966 UT WOS:A1992JD96600075 ER PT J AU CASTEEL, WJ WILKINSON, AP BORRMANN, H SERFASS, RE BARTLETT, N AF CASTEEL, WJ WILKINSON, AP BORRMANN, H SERFASS, RE BARTLETT, N TI PREPARATION AND STRUCTURE OF RUTHENIUM TETRAFLUORIDE AND A STRUCTURAL COMPARISON WITH RUTHENIUM TRIFLUORIDE AND RUTHENIUM PENTAFLUORIDE SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINARY FLUORIDES AB A new synthetic approach has provided RuF4 as a deep pink polycrystalline solid from the interaction of AsF5 with RuF62- in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride solution. The structure has been determined from a combination of X-ray synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction data. The unit cell, refined from the neutron data, is monoclinic with a = 5.6068 (6) angstrom, b = 4.9456 (5) angstrom, c = 5.413 (2) angstrom, beta = 121.27 (2)-degrees, V = 128.3 angstrom3, Z = 2, and space group P2(1)/n. Each Ru atom has six near-neighbor F ligands on an octahedral framework, four in the same plane, each shared with another Ru atom, to form a puckered-sheet array. The fluorine-bridge bonding is very similar to that which occurs in RuF3 and in the tetrameric molecule (RuF5)4. The structure of RuF3 has been confirmed from X-ray powder data on samples prepared by pyrohydrolysis of SF3RuF6. The structure of RuF5 has been redetermined for this comparison and found to have a monoclinic unit cell with a = 5.4969 (6) angstrom, b = 9.946 (1) angstrom, c = 12.531 (2) angstrom, beta = 99.98 (1)-degrees, V = 674.7 (2) angstrom3, and Z = 8. The bridging interatomic distances in the three fluorides are as follows: RuF3, 1.982 (6) angstrom; RuF4, 2.00 (1) and 2.00 (3) angstrom; RuF5, 1.995 (1), 1.999 (1), 2.003 (1), and 2.007 (1) angstrom. The Ru-F-Ru angles are as follows: RuF3, 136 (1)-degrees; RuF4, 133 (1)-degrees; RuF5, 136.8 (1) and 140.8 (1)-degrees. The nonbridging F ligands in RuF4 are trans to one another, above and below the Ru in the sheet array. The puckered sheets are packed with the nonbridging F ligands nestling in holes, in the array of such ligands of the adjacent sheet. The RuF4 restrained nonbridging interatomic distance, Ru-F = 1.82 (2) angstrom, matches those in (RuF5)4 perpendicular to the eight-membered ring, where the interatomic distances are 1.817, 1.821, 1.823, and 1.824 angstrom (all occurring twice, with sigma = 0.001 angstrom). The equatorial nonbridging Ru-F distances are significantly shorter, with two each at 1.793, 1.795, 1.796, and 1.798 angstrom (all sigma = 0.001 angstrom). C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT CHEM CRYSTALLOG,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008 OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X NR 43 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 8 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 14 BP 3124 EP 3131 DI 10.1021/ic00040a024 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA JD570 UT WOS:A1992JD57000024 ER PT J AU NARTEN, AH HABENSCHUSS, A HONNELL, KG MCCOY, JD CURRO, JG SCHWEIZER, KS AF NARTEN, AH HABENSCHUSS, A HONNELL, KG MCCOY, JD CURRO, JG SCHWEIZER, KS TI DIFFRACTION BY MACROMOLECULAR FLUIDS SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-FARADAY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE CONFORMATIONS OF FLEXIBLE MOLECULES IN FLUID PHASES CY DEC 16-18, 1991 CL SOUTHAMPTON, ENGLAND ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; POLYMER MELTS; CHAIN; LIQUIDS; MODELS; CONFORMATION; CRYSTALLINE; DIMENSIONS AB X-Ray diffraction data on n-alkane fluids ranging from n-butane to polyethylene are analysed to yield the relative contributions from intra- and inter-molecular scattering. The intramolecular contributions are calculated from an exact rotational-isomeric-state model at short length scales, and approximated by a semiflexible chain model on global scales. With increasing chain length, the intermolecular pair distribution functions show a general decrease in short-range structure along with the predicted self-screening, or de Gennes 'correlation hole', whereby sites on different chains are partially excluded from close approach to sites on a given chain. C1 PHILLIPS PETR CO,BARTLESVILLE,OK 74004. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP NARTEN, AH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McCoy, John/B-3846-2010 OI McCoy, John/0000-0001-5404-1404 NR 43 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0956-5000 J9 J CHEM SOC FARADAY T JI J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans. PD JUL 7 PY 1992 VL 88 IS 13 BP 1791 EP 1795 DI 10.1039/ft9928801791 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JD657 UT WOS:A1992JD65700009 ER PT J AU THANGARAJ, N WESTMACOTT, KH DAHMEN, U AF THANGARAJ, N WESTMACOTT, KH DAHMEN, U TI EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF (011) AL ON (100) SI BY VAPOR-DEPOSITION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IONIZED-CLUSTER BEAM; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACE; SI(100) AB The morphology, orientation relationship and interface structure of Al vapor deposited on (100) Si single-crystal substrates were investigated by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that vapor growth at room-temperature results in a random (111) texture whereas growth at 280-degrees-C leads to films with high-quality (011) epitaxy and a high degree of grain boundary faceting. Due to alignment of close-packed directions in the plane of the interface there are two orientation variants with a morphology characterized by an oriented 90-degrees [011] mazed bicrystal structure. RP THANGARAJ, N (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,MSD,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 61 IS 1 BP 37 EP 39 DI 10.1063/1.107660 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JB747 UT WOS:A1992JB74700013 ER PT J AU HAYNES, TE HOLLAND, OW AF HAYNES, TE HOLLAND, OW TI DAMAGE ACCUMULATION DURING ION-IMPLANTATION OF UNSTRAINED SI1-XGEX ALLOY LAYERS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON AB The growth of damage induced by ion implantation in unstrained Si1-xGex epilayers is examined as a function of epilayer composition and of implant temperature and dose rate. Relaxed, epitaxial layers having compositions x=0. 15, 0.50, and 0.80 were implanted with Si-30(+) ions at energies of 80-90 keV, doses of 1 and 6x10(14)/cm2, and temperatures between -100 and +140-degrees-C. Damage in the implanted layers was measured by ion channeling at room temperature (RT). For RT implantation, the amount of ion-induced damage increased with Ge fraction x at a rate much greater than expected from calculations of the displacement rate. In addition, the damage growth was suppressed in each of these alloys as the implantation temperature was increased such that over a range of ion doses, the damage yield approached zero at a temperature, T0, which increased with the Ge fraction, x. Furthermore, the damage was found to become strongly dependent on the dose rate at elevated implantation temperatures near T0. Based upon comparisons to a simple model, these observations suggest that increasing the Ge fraction progressively reduces the mobilities of primary defects within the collision cascades. RP HAYNES, TE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 13 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 61 IS 1 BP 61 EP 63 DI 10.1063/1.107669 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JB747 UT WOS:A1992JB74700021 ER PT J AU MCKEAN, ME WINSKE, D GARY, SP AF MCKEAN, ME WINSKE, D GARY, SP TI KINETIC-PROPERTIES OF MIRROR WAVES IN MAGNETOSHEATH PLASMAS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY; SIMULATION; SHOCK AB Linear and nonlinear properties of waves excited by the mirror instability in high beta, low anisotropy (beta(perpendicular-to) > beta(parallel-to) greater-than-or-equal-to 1) plasmas characteristic of the magnetosheath are investigated using linear theory and one-dimensional hybrid simulations. The mechanisms for wave growth and saturation at low amplitudes are discussed. A new method is considered for generating the large amplitude mirror waves observed in the magnetosheath based on external compression of magnetic flux tubes. Simulations in which the anisotropy is maintained by recycling the ions shows this process can inhibit the growth of ion cyclotron waves and enhances the growth of mirror waves. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MCKEAN, ME (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 19 IS 13 BP 1331 EP 1334 DI 10.1029/92GL01282 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA JC596 UT WOS:A1992JC59600003 ER PT J AU COPENHAVER, SA KRISHNASWAMI, S TUREKIAN, KK SHAW, H AF COPENHAVER, SA KRISHNASWAMI, S TUREKIAN, KK SHAW, H TI U-238 AND TH-232 SERIES NUCLIDES IN GROUNDWATER FROM THE J-13 WELL AT THE NEVADA TEST SITE - IMPLICATIONS FOR ION RETARDATION SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WATER AB The activities of members of the U-238 and Th-232 decay chains have been determined in water from well J-13 at the Nevada Test Site near Yucca Mountain. Using Rn-222 as a measure of recoil flux, adsorption (k1) and desorption (k2) rate constants for Ra and Pb have been determined. The ratio (k1/k2), defined as the dimensionless distribution coefficient, K, is 1.3 x 10(4) for Ra and 2.7 x 10(4) for Pb and is estimated to be about 10(4) for Th. C1 PHYS RES LAB,AHMEDABAD 380009,GUJARAT,INDIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP COPENHAVER, SA (reprint author), YALE UNIV,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,BOX 6666,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511, USA. RI Shaw, Henry/B-6445-2012 OI Shaw, Henry/0000-0003-0681-5430 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 19 IS 13 BP 1383 EP 1386 DI 10.1029/92GL01437 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA JC596 UT WOS:A1992JC59600016 ER PT J AU GRATZ, AJ NELLIS, WJ HINSEY, NA AF GRATZ, AJ NELLIS, WJ HINSEY, NA TI LABORATORY SIMULATION OF EXPLOSIVE VOLCANIC LOADING AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CAUSE OF THE K/T BOUNDARY SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; TOBA CALDERA; DYNAMIC DEFORMATION; SHOCK METAMORPHISM; POSSIBLE RELEVANCE; QUARTZ; EJECTA AB Intense explosive volcanism was simulated by Preheating samples to 600-degrees-C and subjecting them to dynamic stress pulses of 0.9 and 1.3 GPa. The resultant ejecta was examined optically and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Deformation and failure was entirely by brittle fracture, and most fractures were irregular and intergranular. None of the features typical of K/T boundary sediments and of ejecta from meteorite impact craters (planar deformation features, amorphization, mosaicism) were observed; there were also no signs of intracrystalline plasticity. We conclude that explosive volcanism is incapable of producing the microstructural features seen at the K/F boundary, and that they must have been caused by impact of a large meteorite. RP GRATZ, AJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 19 IS 13 BP 1391 EP 1394 DI 10.1029/92GL01289 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA JC596 UT WOS:A1992JC59600018 ER PT J AU FALK, AF AF FALK, AF TI HADRONS OF ARBITRARY SPIN IN THE HEAVY-QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID FORM-FACTORS; MESONS AB The symmetries of the heavy-quark effective theory are used to identify the reduced set of form factors which describe the weak decays of heavy hadrons of arbitrary spin. RP FALK, AF (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 14 TC 152 Z9 153 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 378 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(92)90004-U PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA JD953 UT WOS:A1992JD95300003 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, JD AUSTERN, MH CAHN, RN AF ANDERSON, JD AUSTERN, MH CAHN, RN TI TAU-POLARIZATION ASYMMETRY AS A PROBE OF Z' COUPLINGS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAUGE BOSONS; E6 AB Studying the decay of a Z' to tau+tau- at a future hadron collider will allow its polarization asymmetry to be measured. and will provide direct information about its leptonic couplings. It has not previously been appreciated that this measurement was possible. If this measurement is to be performed, detectors at the Superconducting Super Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider must be able to trigger on high-energy tau's. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ANDERSON, JD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 25 EP 27 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.25 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100007 ER PT J AU ABE, F AMIDEI, D APOLLINARI, G ATAC, M AUCHINCLOSS, P BADEN, AR BACCHETTA, N BAILEY, MW BAMBERGER, A DEBARBARO, P BARNETT, BA BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, G BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENSINGER, J BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHADRA, S BINKLEY, M BISELLO, D BLAIR, R BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BOOTH, AW BOSWELL, C BRANDENBURG, G BROWN, D BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CAREY, R CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CARROLL, JT CASHMORE, R CASTRO, A CERVELLI, F CHADWICK, K CHIARELLI, G CHINOWSKY, W CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONNOR, D CONTRERAS, M COOPER, J CORDELLI, M CRANE, D CURATOLO, M DAY, C DEJONGH, F DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DIBITONTO, D DICKSON, M DRUCKER, RB EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENO, S ERREDE, S ESPOSITO, B ETCHEGOYEN, A FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FREEMAN, J FRISCH, H FUESS, T FUKUI, Y GARFINKEL, AF GAUTHIER, A GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GOLD, M GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GRIECO, GM GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HANDLER, R HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUSER, J HAWK, C HESSING, T HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HU, P HUBBARD, B HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INO, T ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOHNSON, RP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAMON, T KANDA, S KARDELIS, DA KARLINER, I KEARNS, E KEEBLE, L KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KIM, D KIM, S KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOVACS, E KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMOUREUX, JI LEONE, S LEWIS, J LI, W LIMON, P LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LORETI, M LOW, EH LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MANGANO, M MARRINER, JP MARIOTTI, M MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, LA MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MENZIONE, A MEYER, T MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEWMANHOLMES, C NG, JST NINOMIYA, M NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARA, A PARE, E PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PESCARA, L PHILLIPS, TJ PTOHOS, F PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PROUDFOOT, J PUNZI, G QUARRIE, D RAGAN, K REDLINGER, G RHOADES, J ROACH, M RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L RODRIGO, T ROHALY, T ROODMAN, A SAKUMOTO, WK SANSONI, A SARD, RD SAVOYNAVARRO, A SCARPINE, V SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHNEIDER, O SCHUB, MH SCHWITTERS, R SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIYA, Y SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEAFF, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SINERVO, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SPAHN, M SPHICAS, P STDENIS, R STEFANINI, A SULLIVAN, G SWARTZ, RL TAKANO, M TARTARELLI, F TAKIKAWA, K TAREM, S THERIOT, D TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TKACZYK, S TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J TRISCHUK, W TURINI, N TSAY, Y UKEGAWA, F UNDERWOOD, D VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALSH, J WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WHITE, SN WICKLUND, AB WILLIAMS, HH WINER, BL WYSS, J YAGIL, A YASUOKA, K YEH, GP YOH, J YOKOYAMA, M YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZUCCHELLI, S AF ABE, F AMIDEI, D APOLLINARI, G ATAC, M AUCHINCLOSS, P BADEN, AR BACCHETTA, N BAILEY, MW BAMBERGER, A DEBARBARO, P BARNETT, BA BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, G BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENSINGER, J BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHADRA, S BINKLEY, M BISELLO, D BLAIR, R BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOLOGNESI, V BOOTH, AW BOSWELL, C BRANDENBURG, G BROWN, D BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CAREY, R CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CARROLL, JT CASHMORE, R CASTRO, A CERVELLI, F CHADWICK, K CHIARELLI, G CHINOWSKY, W CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONNOR, D CONTRERAS, M COOPER, J CORDELLI, M CRANE, D CURATOLO, M DAY, C DEJONGH, F DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DIBITONTO, D DICKSON, M DRUCKER, RB EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENO, S ERREDE, S ESPOSITO, B ETCHEGOYEN, A FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FREEMAN, J FRISCH, H FUESS, T FUKUI, Y GARFINKEL, AF GAUTHIER, A GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GOLD, M GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GRIECO, GM GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HANDLER, R HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUSER, J HAWK, C HESSING, T HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HU, P HUBBARD, B HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INO, T ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOHNSON, RP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAMON, T KANDA, S KARDELIS, DA KARLINER, I KEARNS, E KEEBLE, L KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KIM, D KIM, S KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOVACS, E KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LAMOUREUX, JI LEONE, S LEWIS, J LI, W LIMON, P LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LORETI, M LOW, EH LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MANGANO, M MARRINER, JP MARIOTTI, M MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, LA MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MENZIONE, A MEYER, T MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEWMANHOLMES, C NG, JST NINOMIYA, M NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARA, A PARE, E PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PESCARA, L PHILLIPS, TJ PTOHOS, F PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PROUDFOOT, J PUNZI, G QUARRIE, D RAGAN, K REDLINGER, G RHOADES, J ROACH, M RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L RODRIGO, T ROHALY, T ROODMAN, A SAKUMOTO, WK SANSONI, A SARD, RD SAVOYNAVARRO, A SCARPINE, V SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHNEIDER, O SCHUB, MH SCHWITTERS, R SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIYA, Y SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEAFF, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SINERVO, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SPAHN, M SPHICAS, P STDENIS, R STEFANINI, A SULLIVAN, G SWARTZ, RL TAKANO, M TARTARELLI, F TAKIKAWA, K TAREM, S THERIOT, D TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TKACZYK, S TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J TRISCHUK, W TURINI, N TSAY, Y UKEGAWA, F UNDERWOOD, D VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALSH, J WATTS, T WEBB, R WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WHITE, SN WICKLUND, AB WILLIAMS, HH WINER, BL WYSS, J YAGIL, A YASUOKA, K YEH, GP YOH, J YOKOYAMA, M YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZUCCHELLI, S TI MEASUREMENT OF THE PRODUCTION AND MUONIC DECAY-RATE OF W AND Z BOSONS IN P(P)BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S = 1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB An analysis of proton-antiproton collisions at square-root s = 1.8 TeV recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) yields sigma(ppBAR --> WX)B(W --> mu-nu) = 2.21 +/- 0.22 nb and sigma(ppBAR --> ZX)B(Z --> mu+mu-) = 0.226 +/- 0.032 nb. The ratio is R(mu) = sigma(W)B(W --> mu-nu)/sigma(Z)B(Z --> mu+mu-) = 9.8 +/- 1.2. Combining with previous CDF electron results gives sigma(W)B(W --> l-nu) = 2.20 +/- 0.20 nb, sigma(Z)B(Z- l+l-) = 0.214 +/- 0.023 nb, and R(l) = 10.0 +/- 0.8. We extract the ratios of the coupling constants g(mu)/g(e) and g(tau)/g(mu). Using standard model assumptions we deduce the inverse branching ratio B-1(W --> l-nu), the width GAMMA(W), and a decay-mode-independent lower bound on the top quark mass of 45 GeV/c2 (95% C.L.). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. BRANDEIS UNIV, WALTHAM, MA 02254 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, FRASCATI, ITALY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV PADUA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PISA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. UNIV ROCHESTER, ROCHESTER, NY 14627 USA. ROCKEFELLER UNIV, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. UNIV TSUKUBA, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV, MEDFORD, MA 02155 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP ABE, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS, OHO, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. RI St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012 OI Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052 NR 20 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.28 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100008 ER PT J AU SONI, A XU, RM AF SONI, A XU, RM TI ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT OF THE TOP QUARK IN HIGGS-BOSON-EXCHANGE MODELS OF CP NONCONSERVATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION; DOUBLETS; NEUTRON AB The leading contribution to the electric and the chromoelectric dipole moments of the top quark is calculated in Higgs-boson-exchange models of CP nonconservation. The dipole moments are typically of the order of 10(-20) e cm and 10(-20) g cm, respectively, and arise at one-loop order through neutral-Higgs-boson exchange. Several two-loop contributions are estimated to be smaller by about 2 orders of magnitude for the electric case and about 1 order of magnitude smaller for the chromoelectric case. The q2 dependence of the dipole moment form factor is given for possible application to experimental searches. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,INST THEORET PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP SONI, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 21 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 33 EP 36 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.33 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100009 ER PT J AU WANG, XQ WANG, CZ ZHANG, BL HO, KM AF WANG, XQ WANG, CZ ZHANG, BL HO, KM TI STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES OF C-84 - A 1ST-PRINCIPLES STUDY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID C-60 AB We present the results of a first-principles calculation for the geometrical and electronic structure of four C84 fullerene isomers. The method we use is based on the all-electron local-density functional approach for molecules with complete geometry optimization. Our study confirms that two isomers with D2 and D2d symmetries are the most energetically favorable. Results from the present calculation are compared with recent experimental observations. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP UNIV MINNESOTA, INST THEORET PHYS, 116 CHURCH ST SE, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 28 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 69 EP 72 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.69 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100018 ER PT J AU HERWIG, KW TROUW, FR AF HERWIG, KW TROUW, FR TI ETHANOL ON GRAPHITE - THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROGEN-BONDING ON SURFACE MELTING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLIDS AB Neutron diffraction demonstrates that ethanol physisorbed on the basal planes of graphite forms a commensurate unit cell with a melting temperature of approximately 205 K for coverages from 0.7 to 1.6 monolayers. This temperature is 46 K above the melting temperature of bulk ethanol, making this system unique among species physisorbed on graphite. A microscopic model of the system has been developed using a molecular dynamics simulation. It predicts a two-step mechanism for melting and demonstrates that hydrogen bonding plays a dominant role in stabilizing the two-dimensional solid. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Herwig, Kenneth/F-4787-2011 NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 89 EP 92 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.89 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100023 ER PT J AU BONNET, R LOUBRADOU, M PENISSON, JM AF BONNET, R LOUBRADOU, M PENISSON, JM TI BURGERS VECTOR CONTENT OF AN INTERFACIAL LEDGE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; DISLOCATIONS AB A new way of investigating the elastic field around a ledge of a faceted interface is proposed for crystalline materials. The length and/or angular misfits along two adjacent facets are accommodated by slightly deforming the atomic structural units with an appropriate distribution of translation dislocations. The Burgers vector content of the ledge is not defined as usual from a circuit crossing the interface twice, a method which proves to be sometimes misleading. An example treats, at the atomic scale, an unusual ledge of the interface TiAl/Ti3Al. C1 INST NATL POLYTECH GRENOBLE,ECOLE NATL SUPER ELECTROCHIM & ELECTROCHEM GRENOBLE,F-38402 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. CEN,CEA,DEPT RECH FONDAMENTALE MAT CONDENSEE,SERV PHYS MAT & MICROSTRUCT,F-38041 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RP BONNET, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BLDG 72,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100027 ER PT J AU COFFEY, D TRUGMAN, SA AF COFFEY, D TRUGMAN, SA TI MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF UNDOPED C-60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ICOSAHEDRAL C-60; ANTIFERROMAGNET AB The Heisenberg antiferromagnet, which arises from the large-U Hubbard model, is investigated on the C60 molecule and other fullerenes. The connectivity of C60 leads to an exotic classical ground state with nontrivial topology. We argue that there is no phase transition in the Hubbard model as a function of U/t, and thus the large-U solution is relevant for the physical case of intermediate coupling. The system undergoes a first-order metamagnetic phase transition. We also consider the S = 1/2 case using perturbation theory. Experimental tests are suggested. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP COFFEY, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS-K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 1 BP 176 EP 179 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.176 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JC221 UT WOS:A1992JC22100045 ER PT J AU SUGAMA, T CARCIELLO, NR AF SUGAMA, T CARCIELLO, NR TI CORROSION PROTECTION OF STEEL AND BOND DURABILITY AT POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE-TO-ANHYDROUS ZINC PHOSPHATE INTERFACES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CONVERSION COATINGS; POLYACRYLIC-ACID AB To enhance the performance of high-temperature polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) coating in protecting steels from corrosion, the cold-rolled steel surfaces were prepared with anhydrous zinc phosphate (Zn . Ph) conversion coatings containing poly (acid) anhydride as an interfacial tailoring material. The factors contributing to the formation of a good bond at the PPS / Zn . Ph joints were as follows: ( 1 ) the chemical reaction of PPS with Fe2O3 in the Zn . Ph layers, (2) PPS-to-poly (acid) anhydride interaction, and (3) the mechanical interlocking between PPS and the rough Zn . Ph crystal surfaces. Although such interfacial bond structures provide a superior durability of PPS/Zn . Ph joints against a hot H2SO4 solution, the cathodic reaction, H2O + 1/2O2 + 2e- = 2OH-, occurring at any defect in the PPS/Zn . Ph joint system when NaCl is present will lead to the delamination of the PPS film from the phosphated steel. This cathodic delamination was due mainly to alkali-induced dissolution of Zn . Ph layers. However, the rate of delamination for the PPS/Zn . Ph systems was considerably lower compared with that for the PPS/steel system in the absence of Zn . Ph. RP SUGAMA, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVAT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 1992 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1291 EP 1301 DI 10.1002/app.1992.070450717 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA HZ097 UT WOS:A1992HZ09700017 ER PT J AU CASTRO, JR CURTIS, SB CHU, WT AF CASTRO, JR CURTIS, SB CHU, WT TI BEVALAC FUNDING SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CASTRO, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 3 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5066 BP 10 EP 11 DI 10.1126/science.257.5066.10-b PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC165 UT WOS:A1992JC16500004 ER PT J AU ONEIL, MP NIEMCZYK, MP SVEC, WA GOSZTOLA, D GAINES, GL WASIELEWSKI, MR AF ONEIL, MP NIEMCZYK, MP SVEC, WA GOSZTOLA, D GAINES, GL WASIELEWSKI, MR TI PICOSECOND OPTICAL SWITCHING BASED ON BIPHOTONIC EXCITATION OF AN ELECTRON DONOR-ACCEPTOR-DONOR MOLECULE SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PERYLENE FLUORESCENT DYES; POLYMERS AB An electron donor-acceptor-donor molecule consisting of two porphyrin donors rigidly attached to the two-electron acceptor N,N'-diphenyl-3,4,9,10-perylenebis(dicarboximide) acts as a light intensity-dependent molecular switch on a picosecond time scale. Excitation of the porphyrins within this molecule with subpicosecond laser pulses results in single or double reduction of the acceptor depending on the light intensity. The singly and doubly reduced electron acceptors absorb light strongly at 713 and 546 nanometers, respectively. Because these absorption changes are produced solely by electron transfers, this molecular switch effectively has no moving parts and switches significantly faster than photochromic molecules that must undergo changes in molecular structure. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379 NR 31 TC 351 Z9 355 U1 5 U2 76 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 3 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5066 BP 63 EP 65 DI 10.1126/science.257.5066.63 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC165 UT WOS:A1992JC16500027 PM 17800711 ER PT J AU FARNAN, I GRANDINETTI, PJ BALTISBERGER, JH STEBBINS, JF WERNER, U EASTMAN, MA PINES, A AF FARNAN, I GRANDINETTI, PJ BALTISBERGER, JH STEBBINS, JF WERNER, U EASTMAN, MA PINES, A TI QUANTIFICATION OF THE DISORDER IN NETWORK-MODIFIED SILICATE-GLASSES SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID BOND-ANGLE DISTRIBUTION; VITREOUS SILICA; O-17 NMR; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; SOLIDS; NUCLEI; TIME AB Local order in silicate glasses has been observed by many experimental techniques to be similar to that in crystalline materials. Details of the intermediate-range order are more elusive, but essential for understanding the lack of long-range symmetry in glasses and the effect of composition on glass structure. Two-dimensional O-17 dynamic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance experiments reveal intermediate-range order in the distribution of inter-tetrahedral (Si-O-Si) bond angles and a high degree of order in the disposition of oxygen atoms around the network-modifying cations. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP FARNAN, I (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOL,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. RI Grandinetti, Philip/F-1084-2010; Farnan, Ian/M-3881-2014 OI Grandinetti, Philip/0000-0003-0102-316X; Farnan, Ian/0000-0001-7844-5112 NR 32 TC 198 Z9 199 U1 6 U2 37 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 2 PY 1992 VL 358 IS 6381 BP 31 EP 35 DI 10.1038/358031a0 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JB341 UT WOS:A1992JB34100043 PM 1614527 ER PT J AU VANGEEN, A LUOMA, SN FULLER, CC ANIMA, R CLIFTON, HE TRUMBORE, S AF VANGEEN, A LUOMA, SN FULLER, CC ANIMA, R CLIFTON, HE TRUMBORE, S TI EVIDENCE FROM CD/CA RATIOS IN FORAMINIFERA FOR GREATER UPWELLING OFF CALIFORNIA 4,000 YEARS AGO SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; CADMIUM; PACIFIC; SYSTEM; NICKEL; COPPER; WATER; GULF AB UPWELLING of nutrient-rich Pacific deep water along the North American west coast is ultimately driven by the temperature difference between air masses over land and over the ocean. The intensity of upwelling, and biological production in the region, could therefore be affected by anthropogenic climate change. Examination of the geological record is one way to study the link between climate and upwelling. Because Pacific deep water is enriched in cadmium, dissolved cadmium concentrations in coastal water off central California reflect the intensity of upwelling. By demonstrating that the Cd/Ca ratio in the shell of a benthic foraminifer, Elphidiella hannai, is proportional to the Cd concentration in coastal water, we show here that foraminiferal Cd/Ca ratios can be used to detect past changes in mean upwelling intensity. Examination of a sediment core from the mouth of San Francisco Bay reveals that foraminiferal Cd/Ca decreased by about 30% from 4,000 years ago to the present, probably because of a reduction in coastal upwelling. This observation is consistent with predictions of atmospheric general circulation models that northwesterly winds, which drive upwelling, became weaker over this period as summer insolation of the Northern Hemisphere decreased. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP VANGEEN, A (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY,MS 465,345 MIDDLEFIELD RD,MENLO PK,CA 94025, USA. RI Trumbore, Susan/B-1948-2013; OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074 NR 34 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 2 PY 1992 VL 358 IS 6381 BP 54 EP 56 DI 10.1038/358054a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JB341 UT WOS:A1992JB34100050 ER PT J AU PHAIR, L BAUER, W BOWMAN, DR CARLIN, N DESOUZA, RT GELBKE, CK GONG, WG KIM, YD LISA, MA LYNCH, WG PEASLEE, GF TSANG, MB WILLIAMS, C ZHU, F COLONNA, N HANOLD, K MCMAHAN, MA WOZNIAK, GJ MORETTO, LG AF PHAIR, L BAUER, W BOWMAN, DR CARLIN, N DESOUZA, RT GELBKE, CK GONG, WG KIM, YD LISA, MA LYNCH, WG PEASLEE, GF TSANG, MB WILLIAMS, C ZHU, F COLONNA, N HANOLD, K MCMAHAN, MA WOZNIAK, GJ MORETTO, LG TI MULTIFRAGMENT EMISSION IN AR-36+AU-197 AND XE-129+AU-197 COLLISIONS - PERCOLATION MODEL SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR LATTICE MODEL; FRAGMENTATION REACTIONS; TRANSITION; CLUSTERS AB Relative abundances of intermediate mass fragments and light particles measured for Ar-36+Au-197 collisions at E/A=50, 80 and 110 MeV lie within the range of percolation model predictions, but for Xe-129+Au-197 collisions at E/A=50 MeV, the percolation model predicts too small admixtures of intermediate mass fragments among the emitted charged particles. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV FUS RES,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PHAIR, L (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCOMP CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. RI Carlin Filho, Nelson/C-2187-2012; Lynch, William/I-1447-2013; deSouza, Romualdo/P-5862-2015 OI Lynch, William/0000-0003-4503-176X; deSouza, Romualdo/0000-0001-5835-677X NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 2 PY 1992 VL 285 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(92)91292-H PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA JE069 UT WOS:A1992JE06900003 ER PT J AU LU, ZW ZUNGER, A AF LU, ZW ZUNGER, A TI THE ELECTRONIC CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION IN CRYSTALLINE SILICON - COMPARISON OF ABINITIO THEORY AND EXPERIMENT SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; POPULATION ANALYSIS; PSEUDOPOTENTIAL APPROACH; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; DENSITY; SI; GAAS; GE; SEMICONDUCTORS; PRESSURE AB Recent consolidation by Cummings & Hart [Aust. J. Phys. (1988), 41, 423-431 ] of five measured data sets of high-precision Si structure factors and subsequent analysis by Deutsch [Phys. Lett. A (1991), 153, 368-372] produced information on the charge density of Si with precision that is unmatched by any other system. A detailed comparison with newly performed ab initio electronic structure calculation within the local density formalism (LDF) is presented here. The convergence of the calculation is extended to the limit in which the results reflect the predictions of the underlying LDF, unobscured by computational uncertainties. Excellent agreement (e.g. R = 0.21 % which is three to five times better than previous calculations) is found. This allows the effects of high-index structure factors to be assessed (currently beyond the reach of high-precision measurements) on both static and dynamic deformation charge densities. RP NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 2053-2733 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 48 BP 545 EP 554 DI 10.1107/S0108767392001831 PN 4 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA JF299 UT WOS:A1992JF29900020 ER PT J AU HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT RYE, RR AF HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT RYE, RR TI NEW ROUTES TO CU-PATTERNED TEFLON SUBSTRATES SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; COPPER; HEXAFLUOROACETYLACETONATE; POLY(TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE); COMPLEXES; FILMS AB Research News: In microelectronics, copper conductors and Teflon substrates are the materials of choice in many-applications due to the high conductivity of copper and the low dielectric constant of Teflon. The nature of Teflon, however, results in low adhesion strength, which makes a multi-step Cu-deposition process necessary. Here, an alternative, selective CVD, which can produce smaller feature sizes and reduces the need for wet etching, is presented and explained. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, E22R,CTR MICROENGN CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1114,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HAMPDENSMITH, MJ (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 4 IS 7-8 BP 524 EP 526 DI 10.1002/adma.19920040718 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA JH691 UT WOS:A1992JH69100016 ER PT J AU ELDRED, MS LERNER, PB ANDERSON, WJ AF ELDRED, MS LERNER, PB ANDERSON, WJ TI HIGHER-ORDER EIGENPAIR PERTURBATIONS SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DERIVATIVES AB A matrix method is presented for the exact calculation of large eigenpair perturbations arising from design variable changes. The method is "forward analysis" in the sense that design variable changes are known and eigenpair perturbations are computed. Competing methods for forward analysis include reanalysis and first-order approximate methods. First-order methods are well known for their ability to calculate small eigenpair changes but are inadequate when large changes are required. In this paper, a new method of forward analysis is presented that takes into account all orders of the perturbation expansion. A benchmark cantilever beam will be analyzed with the new method for large perturbations in design variables. The method will be valuable for fast reanalysis and for identification and model correlation studies where sizeable differences exist between a baseline model and an objective model. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP ELDRED, MS (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1870 EP 1876 DI 10.2514/3.11149 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA JC206 UT WOS:A1992JC20600027 ER PT J AU WIKE, CM KORBER, BTM DANIELS, MR HUTTO, C MUNOZ, J FURTADO, M PARKS, , W SAAH, A BULTERYS, M KURAWIGE, JB WOLINSKY, SM AF WIKE, CM KORBER, BTM DANIELS, MR HUTTO, C MUNOZ, J FURTADO, M PARKS, , W SAAH, A BULTERYS, M KURAWIGE, JB WOLINSKY, SM TI HIV-1 SEQUENCE VARIATION BETWEEN ISOLATES FROM MOTHER INFANT TRANSMISSION PAIRS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; GLYCOPROTEIN; EVOLUTION; DIVERSITY AB To examine the sequence diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) between known transmission sets, sequences from the V3 and V4-V5 region of the envelope gene from four mother-infant pairs were analyzed. The mean interpatient sequence variation between isolates from linked mother-infant pairs was comparable to the sequence diversity found between isolates from other close contacts. The mean intrapatient variation was significantly less in the infants' isolates then the isolates from both their mothers and other characterized intrapatient sequence sets. In addition, a distinct and characteristic difference in the glycosylation pattern preceding the V3 loop was found between each linked transmission pair. These findings indicate that selection of specific genotypic variants, which may play a role in some direct transmission sets, and the duration of infection are important factors in the degree of diversity seen between the sequence sets. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,OLSON 8427,710 N FAIRBANKS,CHICAGO,IL 60611. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORY,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,MIAMI,FL 33152. NYU,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10003. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NATL UNIV RWANDA SCH MED,BUTARE,RWANDA. RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD22496-03, HD25785-02, HD26619-01] NR 13 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1297 EP 1300 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1297 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JL627 UT WOS:A1992JL62700015 PM 1520542 ER PT J AU DAS, S CURLEE, TR AF DAS, S CURLEE, TR TI THE COST OF SILICON-NITRIDE POWDER AND THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF ADVANCED CERAMICS SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Analysis of the potential reductions in part cost of silicon nitride engine components that could result from the development of less-expensive advanced ceramic powders. RP DAS, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,ENERGY & ECON ANAL SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 71 IS 7 BP 1103 EP 1111 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA JD364 UT WOS:A1992JD36400009 ER PT J AU ORRISON, WW ROSE, DF HART, BL MACLIN, EL SANDERS, JA WILLIS, BK MARCHAND, EP WOOD, CC DAVIS, LE AF ORRISON, WW ROSE, DF HART, BL MACLIN, EL SANDERS, JA WILLIS, BK MARCHAND, EP WOOD, CC DAVIS, LE TI NONINVASIVE PREOPERATIVE CORTICAL LOCALIZATION BY MAGNETIC SOURCE IMAGING SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; SUPER CONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE (SQUID); SURGERY, GUIDANCE PLANNING ID EVOKED-POTENTIALS; CORTEX AB The authors successfully used magnetoencephalography and MR data to localize the sensorimotor cortex in two patients prior to neurosurgery; preoperative localization influenced surgical management. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROSURG,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ORRISON, WW (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. RI Maclin, Edward/A-9587-2008; Maclin, Edward/C-9157-2013 OI Maclin, Edward/0000-0003-0771-1422 NR 8 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1124 EP 1128 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JD502 UT WOS:A1992JD50200015 PM 1636523 ER PT J AU PALLER, MH GLADDEN, JB HEUER, JH AF PALLER, MH GLADDEN, JB HEUER, JH TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISH COMMUNITY IN A NEW SOUTH-CAROLINA RESERVOIR SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID LAKE; PREDATION AB Twenty-eight species of fish inhabited Steel Creek before it was impounded in 1985 to create L Lake. By early 1986, six of these species had successfully colonized L Lake (i.e., established reproducing populations); all were trophic and habitat generalists. With one exception, these species declined or disappeared during the next 2 yr as species more typical of reservoir ecosystems were introduced into L Lake. Thc introduced species were larger-bodied and exhibited greater trophic specialization than the original colonists. The close correspondence between the decline of the early colonists and the increase of the reservoir species, coupled with an absence of concurrent changes in the abiotic environment likely to result in species losses, indicated that interspecific interactions were responsible for the observed community changes. Both competition and predation appeared to be contributing factors, although the relative importance of these processes could not be determined. Given the rate and order in which species colonized L Lake, there was no evidence of priority effects, in which previously established species prevent colonization by later arriving species. The development of the L Lake fish community during thc 1 st 3 yr appeared to be a largely deterministic process, controlled initially by the habitat requirements and preferences of the species that had access to L Lake from Steel Creek and later by interspecific interactions between the original colonists of L lake and the introduced species. C1 NORMANDEAU ASSOCIATES,NEW ELLENTON,SC 29808. RP PALLER, MH (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER LAB,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 128 IS 1 BP 95 EP 114 DI 10.2307/2426417 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JE304 UT WOS:A1992JE30400011 ER PT J AU SUSSKIND, H ROM, WN AF SUSSKIND, H ROM, WN TI LUNG INFLAMMATION IN COAL-MINERS ASSESSED BY UPTAKE OF GA-67-CITRATE AND CLEARANCE OF INHALED TC-99M-LABELED DIETHYLENETRIAMINE PENTAACETATE AEROSOL SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY EPITHELIAL PERMEABILITY; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; GA-67; DISEASE; TC-99M-DTPA; SARCOIDOSIS; ASBESTOSIS; INCREASES; EXERCISE; SOLUTES AB We compared the diffuse lung uptake of Ga-67-citrate, an index of inflammatory lung activity, with the lung clearance of inhaled Tc-99m-labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) aerosol, an index of pulmonary epithelial permeability, in a group of 19 West Virginia coal miners whose pulmonary status was compatible with coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Tc-99m-DTPA clearance alone and Ga-67-citrate uptake alone were measured In nine and five additional subjects, respectively. 'rhe objective of this study was to determine if increased Tc-99m-DTPA lung clearance was caused by inflammation at the lung epithelial surfaces. Subjects inhaled approximately 150-mu-Cl (approximately 5.6 MBq) of Tc-99m-DTPA aerosol, and quantitative gamma camera images of the lungs were acquired at 1-min increments tor 25 min. Regions of interest (ROI) were selected to Include (1) both lungs; (2) each Individual lung: and (3) the upper, middle, and lower thirds of each lung. Tc-99m-DTPA clearance was determined from the slopes of the respective time-activity plots for the different ROI. Each subject was intravenously administered 50-mu-Ci (1.9 MBq)/kg Ga-67-citrate 48 to 72 h before imaging the body between neck and pelvis. The extent of Ga-67-citrate lung uptake was expressed as the gallium index (GI). Mean radioaerosol clearance half-time (T1/2) for the six nonsmoking coal miners (60.6 +/- 16.0 min) was significantly shorter (p < 0.001) than for the nonsmoking control group (123.8 +/- 28.7 min). T1/2 for the 12 smoking miners (18.4 +/- 10.2 min) was shorter than for the smoking control group (33.1 +/- 17.8 min), but the difference did not attain statistical significance. T1/2 values for the 12 smoking and 10 exsmoking miners were significantly shorter than for the six lifelong nonsmoking miners at p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. In 11 of 12 smoking and six of 10 exsmoking miners biexponential Tc-99m-DTPA clearance was displayed, suggestive of greater lung injury than found in the usual cases of monoexponential clearance. A mean GI of 160 +/- 104 U was obtained; only two of 24 miners tested had a normal GI value. An excellent Inverse relationship was found between GI and T1/2 (r = 0.981, p < 0.001) for the nonsmoking miners. Exsmoking or smoking miners showed no correlation between T1/2 and GI A significant correlation was obtained (p < 0.02) between GI and the profusion of nodules on the chest radiographs. This study demonstrated that inhaled Tc-99m-DTPA clears faster in both smoking and nonsmoking coal miners than in subjects not exposed to coal dust. This faster clearance was associated with an elevated GI. The Inflammation of the miners' lung epithelium appears to be irreversible, persisting even after they are no longer acutely exposed to coal dust. Measurements of Tc-99m-DTPA lung clearance should therefore be evaluated as a potentially useful assay to evaluate early lung injury to miners exposed to coal dust. C1 NYU MED CTR,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,NEW YORK,NY 10016. RP SUSSKIND, H (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,CLIN RES CTR,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 0003-0805 J9 AM REV RESPIR DIS JI Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 146 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 PG 6 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA JC569 UT WOS:A1992JC56900010 PM 1626813 ER PT J AU GOERINGER, DE WHITTEN, WB RAMSEY, JM MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL AF GOERINGER, DE WHITTEN, WB RAMSEY, JM MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL TI THEORY OF HIGH-RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY ACHIEVED VIA RESONANCE EJECTION IN THE QUADRUPOLE ION TRAP SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Beginning with the pseudopotential well approximation for ion motion in the quadrupole ion trap, analytical expressions are derived for the ion resonance ejection line shape. Incorporation of terms for ion-molecule collisions and linear variation with time of the resonance excitation frequency enables line shapes to be calculated and displayed as a function of scan rate and relaxation time. Derivation of the relationship between mass and frequency line widths allows the mass resolution to be evaluated as a function of fundamental ion trap operating parameters. The results account for the synergistic effect on resolution when resonance ejection is combined with retarded scan rates and indicate that for any non-zero scan rate there is an optimum collisional damping value corresponding to a resolution maximum. The effects of the experimental variables mass/charge, neutral pressure, and scan rates on mass resolution and accuracy are also evaluated in terms of the model and illustrated In convenient plots. RP GOERINGER, DE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 35 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 13 BP 1434 EP 1439 DI 10.1021/ac00037a023 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JB313 UT WOS:A1992JB31300025 ER PT J AU MCLUCKEY, SA GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL AF MCLUCKEY, SA GOERINGER, DE GLISH, GL TI COLLISIONAL ACTIVATION WITH RANDOM NOISE IN ION TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; EXCITATION; SPACE AB Random noise applied to the end caps of a quadrupole ion trap shown to be an effective means for the collisional activation of trapped ions independent of mass/charge ratio and number of ions. This technique Is compared and contrasted with conventional single-frequency collisional activation for the molecular ion of N,N-dimethylaniline, protonated cocaine, the molecular anion of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and doubly protonated neuromedin U-8. Collisional activation with noise tends to produce more extensive fragmentation than the conventional approach due to the fact that product ions are also kinetically excited in the noise experiment. The efficiency of the noise experiment in producing detectable product ions relative to the conventional approach ranges from being equivalent to being a factor of 3 less efficient. Furthermore, discrimination against low mass/charge product ions is apparent in the data from multiply charged biomolecules. Nevertheless, collisional activation with random noise provides a very simple means overcoming problems associated with the dependence of single-frequency collisional activation on mass/charge ratio and the number of ions in the ion trap. RP MCLUCKEY, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 45 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 13 BP 1455 EP 1460 DI 10.1021/ac00037a026 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JB313 UT WOS:A1992JB31300028 PM 1503220 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, SC GUIOCHON, G AF JACOBSON, SC GUIOCHON, G TI ENANTIOMERIC SEPARATIONS USING BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN IMMOBILIZED ON ION-EXCHANGE STATIONARY PHASES SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION; RESOLUTION; SERIES; SILICA AB Bovine serum albumin (BSA) can be readily immobilized on ion-exchange stationary phases by frontal analysis of a proper solution. This provides a simple means of adjusting the amount of BSA contained In the column and of measuring it accurately, Although the immobilization is ionic and not covalent, the columns are stable for extensive periods of time. If needed, they can be easily regenerated by the same frontal analysis procedure. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 13 BP 1496 EP 1498 DI 10.1021/ac00037a032 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JB313 UT WOS:A1992JB31300034 PM 1503221 ER PT J AU SANDHOLT, PE LOCKWOOD, M DENIG, WF ELPHIC, RC LEONTJEV, S AF SANDHOLT, PE LOCKWOOD, M DENIG, WF ELPHIC, RC LEONTJEV, S TI DYNAMIC AURORAL STRUCTURE IN THE VICINITY OF THE POLAR CUSP - MULTIPOINT OBSERVATIONS DURING SOUTHWARD AND NORTHWARD IMF SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE-ATMOSPHERES HYDROSPHERES AND SPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; BIRKELAND CURRENTS; LOW-ALTITUDE; IONOSPHERIC SIGNATURE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; CAP BOUNDARY; GLOBAL-MODEL AB The low- and high-latitude boundary layers of the earth's magnetosphere [low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) and mantle] play important roles in transferring momentum and energy from the solar wind to the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Particle precipitation, field-aligned current, auroral emission, ionospheric ion drift and ground magnetic perturbations are among the low-altitude parameters that show signatures of various plasma processes in the LLBL and the magnetopause current layer. Magnetic merging events, Kelvin-Helmholtz waves, and pressure pulses excited by the variable solar wind/magnetosheath plasma are examples of boundary phenomena that may be coupled to the ionosphere via field-aligned currents. Optical auroral observation, by photometry and all-sky TV cameras, is a unique technique for investigating the spatial and temporal structure of the electron precipitation associated with such phenomena. However, the distinction between the different boundary layer plasma populations cannot in general be unambiguously determined by optics alone. Additional information, such as satellite observations of particle boundaries and field-aligned currents, is needed in order to identify the plasma source(s) and the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling mode(s). Two categories of auroral activity/structure in the vicinity of the polar cusp are discussed in this paper, based on combined ground and satellite data. In one case, the quasi-periodic sequence of auroral events at the polar cap boundary involves accelerated electrons (< 1 keV) moving poleward (< 1 km s-1) and azimuthally along the persistent cusp/cleft arc poleward boundary with velocities (< 4 km s-1), comparable to the local ionospheric ion drift during periods of southward IMF. A critical question is whether or not the optical events signify a corresponding plasma flow across the open/closed field line boundary in such cases. Near-simultaneous observations of magnetopause flux transfer events (FTEs) and such optical/ion drift events are reported. The reverse pattern of motion of discrete auroral forms is observed during positive interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B(Z), i.e. equatorward motion into the cusp/cleft background arc from the poleward edge. Combined satellite and ground-based information for the latter cases indicate a source mechanism, poleward of the cusp at the high-latitude magnetopause or plasma mantle, giving rise to strong momentum transfer and electron precipitation structures within a approximately 200 km-wide latitudinal zone at the cusp/cleft poleward boundary. The striking similarities of auroral electrodynamics in the cleft/mantle region during northward and southward IMF indicate that a qualitatively similar solar wind-magnetosphere coupling mode is operating. It is suggested that, in both cases, the discrete auroral forms represent temporal/spatial structure of larger-scale convection over the polar magnetosphere. C1 RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA. APATITY POLAR GEOPHYS INST,APATITY,USSR. RP SANDHOLT, PE (reprint author), UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,OSLO 3,NORWAY. RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172 NR 55 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS JI Ann. Geophys.-Atmos. Hydrospheres Space Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 10 IS 7 BP 483 EP 497 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA JJ851 UT WOS:A1992JJ85100006 ER PT J AU DESAUSSURE, G LARSON, NM HARVEY, JA HILL, NW AF DESAUSSURE, G LARSON, NM HARVEY, JA HILL, NW TI MULTILEVEL RESONANCE ANALYSIS OF CO-59 NEUTRON TRANSMISSION MEASUREMENTS SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Large discrepancies exist between the recent high-resolution ORELA neutron transmission data of Co-59 and transmissions computed from the resolved resonance parameters of ENDF/B-VI. In order to provide new resonance parameters consistent with these data, the transmission measurements have been analyzed with the computer code SAMMY in the energy range 200 eV to 100 keV. The resonance parameters reported in this paper provide an accurate total cross section from 10(-5) eV to 100 keV and correctly reproduce the thermal capture cross section. Thermal cross-section values and related quantities are also reviewed here. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 3008,BLDG 6010,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD JUL PY 1992 VL 19 IS 7 BP 393 EP 402 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(92)90033-8 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA HY962 UT WOS:A1992HY96200004 ER PT J AU DOVER, CB FESHBACH, H AF DOVER, CB FESHBACH, H TI UNITARY SYMMETRY IN BARYON-BARYON SCATTERING .2. SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE-POTENTIAL APPROACH; HYPERON HYPERON INTERACTION; QUARK CLUSTER MODEL; SHORT-RANGE PART; NUCLEON-SCATTERING C1 MIT,CTR THEORET PHYS,NUCL SCI LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP DOVER, CB (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 217 IS 1 BP 51 EP 65 DI 10.1016/0003-4916(92)90338-M PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JF477 UT WOS:A1992JF47700003 ER PT J AU DEBRUIJN, FJ AF DEBRUIJN, FJ TI USE OF REPETITIVE (REPETITIVE EXTRAGENIC PALINDROMIC AND ENTEROBACTERIAL REPETITIVE INTERGENERIC CONSENSUS) SEQUENCES AND THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION TO FINGERPRINT THE GENOMES OF RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI ISOLATES AND OTHER SOIL BACTERIA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPOSON TN5 MUTAGENESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REP SEQUENCES; FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA-SEQUENCES; MESSENGER-RNA; SYM PLASMID; LEGUMINOSARUM; POPULATIONS AB The distribution of dispersed repetitive DNA (repetitive extragenic palindromic [REP] and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus [ERIC]) sequences in the genomes of a number of gram-negative soil bacteria was examined by using conserved primers corresponding to REP and ERIC sequences and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The patterns of the resulting PCR products were analyzed on agarose gels and found to be highly specific for each strain. The REP and ERIC PCR patterns of a series of Rhizobium meliloti isolates, previously ordered in a phylogenetic tree based on allelic variations at 14 enzyme loci (B. D. Eardly, L. A. Materon, N. H. Smith, D. A. Johnson, M. D. Rumbaugh, and R. K. Selander, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:187-194), were determined. Isolates which had been postulated to be closely related by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis also revealed similar REP and ERIC PCR patterns, suggesting that the REP and ERIC PCR method is useful for the identification and classification of bacterial strains. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SCI FDN,CTR MICROBIAL ECOL,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP DEBRUIJN, FJ (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 59 TC 550 Z9 566 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 58 IS 7 BP 2180 EP 2187 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JC006 UT WOS:A1992JC00600013 PM 1637156 ER PT J AU TOMPSON, AFB DOUGHERTY, DE AF TOMPSON, AFB DOUGHERTY, DE TI PARTICLE-GRID METHODS FOR REACTING FLOWS IN POROUS-MEDIA WITH APPLICATION TO FISHER EQUATION SO APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE PARTICLE METHODS; ADVECTION-DIFFUSION-REACTION EQUATIONS; NUMERICAL METHODS ID SIMULATION; TRANSPORT AB A two-step particle-in-cell model is developed for reactive mass transport problems in subsurface porous formations and applied to a model nonlinear diffusion-reaction system. Simulations progress by using a random walk particle method to diffuse or advect solute mass, represented here as a collection of particles, followed by a numerical integration step to determine changes in mass due to reaction processes on a grid. Techniques for mapping mass from the particles to the grid and vice versa are discussed. Numerical simulations of the so-called Fisher equation are compared to analytical solutions in the form of a steady travelling wave and a perturbed system undergoing a transition between two different steady waves. The approximations used in the approach are studied and discussed in terms of its future application to practical multidimensional, multicomponent transport problems. C1 UNIV VERMONT,COLL MED,VERMONT REG CANC CTR,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH ENGN,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. RP TOMPSON, AFB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT EARTH SCI,L206,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0307-904X J9 APPL MATH MODEL JI Appl. Math. Model. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 16 IS 7 BP 374 EP 383 DI 10.1016/0307-904X(92)90071-A PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA JB007 UT WOS:A1992JB00700003 ER PT J AU ANGEL, SM KULP, TJ VESS, TM AF ANGEL, SM KULP, TJ VESS, TM TI REMOTE-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AT INTERMEDIATE RANGES USING LOW-POWER CW LASERS SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Note DE RAMAN; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN IMAGING; REMOTE RAMAN; REMOTE SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY ID DIODE-LASER; OPTICAL FIBERS; LIDAR; SPECTROMETER; DETECTOR AB A portable Raman system is described that has been developed for line-of-site spectral measurements of remotely located samples at intermediate ranges. Raman spectra were measured at distances up to 20 m with the use of a 40-mm-diameter collection optic (f/500) and at 16.7 m with a 22-mm-diameter collection optic (f/750). In all cases, low-power cw lasers were used with powers ranging from 23 to 100 mW. The system consists of a small f/4 image-corrected spectrograph with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled CCD detector and has been demonstrated with both an argonion laser, emitting at 488 nm, and an 809-nm diode laser. Applications of the system include monitoring of organic and inorganic compounds at toxic waste sites during remediation, process monitoring, and remote detection of highly toxic materials. RP ANGEL, SM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,L-524,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 33 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1085 EP 1091 DI 10.1366/0003702924124132 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA JD747 UT WOS:A1992JD74700002 ER PT J AU FUNG, KH TANG, IN AF FUNG, KH TANG, IN TI POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS ON RAMAN-SCATTERING FROM SPHERICAL DROPLETS SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE LIGHT SCATTERING; ANALYTICAL METHODS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES ID FLUORESCENT SCATTERING; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; SMALL PARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY AB The polarization of Raman scattering from a single spherical droplet has been measured for the first time. Experiments are performed in a quadrupole cell, in which a charged liquid droplet is trapped by electro-dynamic forces. Raman scattering intensities at the 90-degrees angle are measured for polarizations both parallel and perpendicular to that of the incident beam. The depolarization ratios thus obtained for the droplets are shown to be identical to those measured in the bulk samples. The present results indicate unequivocally that the depolarization ratio of Raman scattering is a molecular property and, as such, is not affected by the boundary conditions of the spherical droplets. Subsequently, the technique is applied to the chemical characterization of solution droplets. The presence of ion pairs in supersaturated strontium nitrate and bisulfate solutions is dramatically verified by distinct changes in the depolarization ratios. RP FUNG, KH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1189 EP 1193 DI 10.1366/0003702924124259 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA JD747 UT WOS:A1992JD74700019 ER PT J AU CHEN, G STUMP, NA HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR AF CHEN, G STUMP, NA HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THE LUMINESCENCE LIFETIME OF THE EU-3+ ION IN EUCL3 SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Note DE EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES; LIFETIME C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,TRANSURANIUM RES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PETERSON, JR (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1198 EP 1199 DI 10.1366/0003702924124150 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA JD747 UT WOS:A1992JD74700021 ER PT J AU KIM, C OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, MB GODECHOT, X SOMORJAI, GA BROWN, IG AF KIM, C OGLETREE, DF SALMERON, MB GODECHOT, X SOMORJAI, GA BROWN, IG TI PREPARATION OF MONOLAYERS OF RE AND PT ON METAL SUBSTRATES USING A PULSED METAL PLASMA DEPOSITION SOURCE SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ARC AB Platinum and rhenium monolayers and multilayers on Re(0001) and Pt(111) surfaces have been produced in ultrahigh vacuum using a pulsed metal vapor vacuum arc plasma gun technique. This new technique allows controlled deposition of the metals in a high vacuum environment without excessive heating, Auger electron spectroscopy results show that the growth of the metal thin film can be fabricated with the accuracy of one tenth of a monolayer. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KIM, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 59 IS 3-4 BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(92)90126-I PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA JH146 UT WOS:A1992JH14600011 ER PT J AU KELBER, JA BROW, RK AF KELBER, JA BROW, RK TI MODEL EPOXY METAL-OXIDE CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS - DIETHANOLAMINE ON OXIDIZED COPPER AND ALUMINUM SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; NICKEL AB Diethanolamine (DEA), a model compound for an amine cured epoxy resin, was adsorbed from dilute ethanol solutions onto air-oxidized Cu, air-oxidized Al and phosphoric acid-anodized Al. The adsorbate/substrate chemical interactions were probed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS monitoring of DEA coverage on air-oxidized Al as a function of temperature in ultrahigh vacuum shows that significant thermal desorption begins only above 500 K, demonstrating that specific chemical bonding interactions do occur between an amine-cured epoxy and a "real world" oxide surface. DEA desorption temperatures and N Is binding energies are consistent with N lone-pair coordination to acidic aluminum sites. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP KELBER, JA (reprint author), N TEXAS STATE UNIV,CTR MAT CHARACTERIZAT,POB 5308,DENTON,TX 76203, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 59 IS 3-4 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(92)90128-K PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA JH146 UT WOS:A1992JH14600013 ER PT J AU KATZEL, LI COON, PJ BUSBY, MJ GOTTLIEB, SO KRAUSS, RM GOLDBERG, AP AF KATZEL, LI COON, PJ BUSBY, MJ GOTTLIEB, SO KRAUSS, RM GOLDBERG, AP TI REDUCED HDL2 CHOLESTEROL SUBSPECIES AND ELEVATED POSTHEPARIN HEPATIC LIPASE ACTIVITY IN OLDER MEN WITH ABDOMINAL OBESITY AND ASYMPTOMATIC MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS LA English DT Article DE OBESITY; SILENT MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; HEPATIC LIPASE ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PRECIPITATION PROCEDURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SELECTIVE MEASUREMENT; RISK-FACTORS; PLASMA; PREVALENCE; HYPOALPHALIPOPROTEINEMIA; SCINTIGRAPHY AB Silent myocardial ischemia (SI), an asymptomatic manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD), was identified in 10% of apparently healthy nonsmoking, nondiabetic older (60+/-years, mean+/-SD) men with normal plasma cholesterol levels. We hypothesized that in the absence of other major risk factors for CAD, the men with SI would have reduced plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL2 subspecies due to an upper-body fat distribution (waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]), hyperinsulinemia, and abnormal postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activities. Compared with 47 normal control subjects of similar age, obesity, and maximal aerobic capacity, the 18 men with SI had higher plasma triglyceride (TG) (162+/-71 versus 102+/-39 mg/dl,p<0.001) and lower HDL-C (33+/-6 versus 37+/-7 mg/dl,p<0.02) levels with no difference in low density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The HDL2b and HDL2a subspecies measured by gradient gel electrophoresis were also lower in the men with SI (p<0.01). The plasma glucose and insulin responses during an oral glucose tolerance test were the same in both groups. Postheparin plasma HL activity was significantly higher in 12 men with SI than in 41 control subjects (34+/-8 versus 27+/-10-mu-mol/ml.hr-1, p<0.03) and was correlated with log insulin area (r=0.36, p<0.05) and WHR (r=0.32, p<0.05) in the control subjects but not in the men with SI. In the control group, the percent HDL2b subspecies was correlated inversely with postheparin plasma HL activity (r=-0.46, p<0.01, n=41) as well as WHR (r=-0.49, p<0.001, n=47) and log insulin area (r=-0.37, p<0.05, n=47) but not in the men with SI. Postheparin LPL activity was the same in both groups of men and did not correlate with HDL, WHR, insulin, or plasma TG levels. As the control subjects and men with SI had comparable degrees of abdominal obesity and hyperinsulinemia, these results suggest that the reduced HDL-C levels in men with SI may be related to elevations in HL activity. Thus, abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, elevated TG levels, and low HDL-C and HDL, subspecies levels may predispose these older men to atherosclerosis. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DIV CARDIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. FRANCIS SCOTT KEY MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. NIA,GERONTOL RES CTR,CLIN PHYSIOL LAB,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR02719-03]; NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG04402-05, T32 AG00120-02] NR 58 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1049-8834 J9 ARTERIOSCLER THROMB JI Arterioscler. Thromb. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 12 IS 7 BP 814 EP 823 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JC629 UT WOS:A1992JC62900008 PM 1616906 ER PT J AU COX, AN MORGAN, SM ROGERS, FJ IGLESIAS, CA AF COX, AN MORGAN, SM ROGERS, FJ IGLESIAS, CA TI AN OPACITY MECHANISM FOR THE PULSATIONS OF OB STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC PROCESSES; STARS, EARLY-TYPE; STARS, OSCILLATIONS; STARS, VARIABLES, CEPHEIDS; STARS, VARIABLES, DELTA SCUTI ID NONRADIAL OSCILLATIONS; ROTATING STARS; STELLAR; MODELS AB We propose that the sudden appearance of a tremendous number of same-shell transition iron lines, as the temperature-rises above 100,000 K, gives a high sensitivity of the opacity to temperature at the very low densities found in OB giants. This produces kappa effect pulsations. Opacities need to increase quickly to a factor of 5 above the Cox-Tabor values at temperatures up to 250,000 K. These increases are proposed by Iglesias & Rogers using an improved accounting for all the iron lines and their widths. The reason not all B stars pulsate could be because of a slight primordial deficit in the iron abundance in the surface layer (2 x 10(-6) of the mass). This deficiency reduces the opacity and its sensitivity to temperature and reduces the kappa effect driving. A slight amount of iron concentration by radiative levitation could cause a star to pulsate even if it did not originally have enough primordial iron to cause this opacity mechanism to operate. Then any slow slight mixing caused by the shear of unstable nonradial pulsations could restabilize the pulsations as actually observed in alpha Vir and beta CMa. Rapid levitation and mixing for the very luminous B stars with their very low density envelopes could even explain the puzzling luminous blue variables that pulsate only a few cycles before they stabilize again. Large amplitude pulsations like those seen in BW Vul would indicate a somewhat larger primordial iron abundance compared to all other B stars, with pulsations limited only at this star's unique large amplitude. Modes found unstable for a typical 12 M., 20,900 L., 22,750 K, 1000 zone stellar model with X = 0.70 and Z = 0.02 in linear nonadiabatic calculations are a radial mode and a few nonradial g-modes of low degree and order with periods near 0.3 day. Thus multimode behavior is theoretically expected for this pulsation mechanism, and for some B stars only a few nonradial modes (possibly selected by rotation) may survive to observable amplitudes. C1 UNIV NO IOWA,DEPT EARTH SCI,CEDAR FALLS,IA 50614. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP COX, AN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS B268,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 40 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 393 IS 1 BP 272 EP 277 DI 10.1086/171504 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HZ510 UT WOS:A1992HZ51000024 ER PT J AU HAUSCHILDT, PH WEHRSE, R STARRFIELD, S SHAVIV, G AF HAUSCHILDT, PH WEHRSE, R STARRFIELD, S SHAVIV, G TI SPHERICALLY SYMMETRICAL, EXPANDING, NON-LTE MODEL ATMOSPHERES FOR NOVAE DURING THEIR EARLY STAGES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NOVAE, CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; STARS, ATMOSPHERES; ULTRAVIOLET, STARS ID CLASSICAL NOVAE; CONTINUUM AB Continuum and line-blanketed models for the photospheres of novae in the early stages of their outbursts are presented. The spherically symmetric, non-LTE, line blanketed expanding atmospheres are characterized by a very slow decrease of density with increasing radius. This feature leads to very large geometrical extensions so that there are large temperature differences between the inner and outer parts of the line-forming regions. The theoretical spectra show a large IR excess and a small Balmer jump which may be either in absorption or in emission. For the parameters considered (T(eff) almost-equal-to 10(4) K, L = 2 x 10(4) L., rho(out) almost-equal-to 3 x 10(-15) g cm-3, M almost-equal-to 10(-5) M. yr-1 leading to a maximum expansion velocity of upsilon almost-equal-to 2000 km s-1, solar composition), most lines are in absorption. The effects of changes in the abundances of the heavy elements on the emergent spectra are discussed. We find that the strong unidentified features, observed in ultraviolet spectra of novae, are in actuality regions of transparency within the Fe "forest." We display ultraviolet spectra, obtained from the IUE archives, and do spectral synthesis of these spectra using our theoretical atmospheres. C1 INST THEORET ASTROPHYS,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. ASHER SPACE RES INST,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. NR 51 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 393 IS 1 BP 307 EP 328 DI 10.1086/171507 PN 1 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HZ510 UT WOS:A1992HZ51000027 ER PT J AU ROZSNYAI, BF AF ROZSNYAI, BF TI SOLAR OPACITIES BASED ON THE ION-SPHERE AND ION-CORRELATION MODELS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC DATA; SUN, INTERIOR AB Solar opacities are presented for the Grevesse mixture based on two different models of the solar plasma. The new data are compared with other published solar opacities. RP ROZSNYAI, BF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-299,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 393 IS 1 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.1086/171514 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HZ510 UT WOS:A1992HZ51000034 ER PT J AU SILK, J SCHRAMM, DN AF SILK, J SCHRAMM, DN TI THE DIFFUSE GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND, LIGHT-ELEMENT ABUNDANCES, AND SIGNATURES OF EARLY MASSIVE STAR FORMATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC RAYS; DIFFUSE RADIATION; EARLY UNIVERSE; GALAXY, ABUNDANCES; GAMMA RAYS, THEORY; NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES ID GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS; LI; RADIATION; NUCLEI; GALAXY AB Spallation synthesis of the observed Population Il beryllium and boron requires a cosmic-ray flux in the early Galaxy that, in an almost model-independent way, implies a potentially observable signature of redshifted pi-0-decay photons in the extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray background. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP SILK, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 393 IS 1 BP L9 EP L11 DI 10.1086/186438 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HZ513 UT WOS:A1992HZ51300003 ER PT J AU SUPERKO, HR KRAUSS, RM AF SUPERKO, HR KRAUSS, RM TI DIFFERENTIAL-EFFECTS OF NICOTINIC-ACID IN SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT LDL SUBCLASS PATTERNS SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE CHOLESTEROL; LDL SUBCLASS; TRIGLYCERIDES; NICOTINIC ACID ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; INTERMEDIATE-DENSITY; LIPOPROTEINS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; MEN; INHERITANCE; REGRESSION; THERAPY; NIACIN; HEART AB Twenty-six subjects (20 male, 6 female) at high risk for CAD events were treated with moderate doses of nicotinic acid to investigate whether there was a differential lipoprotein response in patients with different LDL subclass patterns. Subjects were selected to have either pattern A (predominance of large LDL, peak particle diameter > 262 angstrom, n = 9) or pattern B (predominance of small LDL, peak particle diameter < 255 angstrom, n = 17) as assessed by 2-16% gradient gel electrophoresis of plasma. Nicotinic acid dose was similar in pattern A (2111 +/- 651 mg/day) and pattern B subjects (1875 +/- 698 mg/day). Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased by similar amounts in pattern A (41 +/- 26 mg/dl and -37 +/- 18 mg/dl) and pattern B (-51 +/- 44 mg/dl and -44 +/- 45 mg/dl) subjects. Triglycerides tended to be reduced more in pattern B subjects (-100 +/- 175 mg/dl) compared to pattern A subjects (-23 +/- 34 mg/dl) although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.08 for triglycerides log transformed). HDL cholesterol increased significantly more in the pattern B group (11.9 +/- 14.2 mg/dl) compared to pattern A subjects (0.7 +/- 8.5 mg/dl), (P < 0.04). Similarly, LDL particle diameter increased significantly more in the pattern B subjects (9.8 +/- 6.9 angstrom) compared to the pattern A subjects (3.6 +/- 3.0 angstrom), (p < 0.02). All pattern B subjects who achieved a plasma triglyceride < 140 mg/dl converted to pattern A. The differential effect of nicotinic acid in individuals with differing LDL subclass profiles may contribute to intraindividual variation in response to this drug and its effect on coronary atherosclerosis. RP SUPERKO, HR (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,ROOM 465,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Superko, H. Robert/0000-0002-3542-0393 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574] NR 23 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD JUL PY 1992 VL 95 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0021-9150(92)90177-I PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JB808 UT WOS:A1992JB80800008 PM 1642694 ER PT J AU LONGMIRE, JL GEE, GF HARDEKOPF, CL MARK, GA AF LONGMIRE, JL GEE, GF HARDEKOPF, CL MARK, GA TI ESTABLISHING PATERNITY IN WHOOPING-CRANES (GRUS-AMERICANA) BY DNA ANALYSIS SO AUK LA English DT Article ID FINGERPRINTS AB DNA fingerprinting was used to study paternity and genetic variability within a captive flock of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana). Fingerprint patterns for 42 individuals were obtained by digesting genomic crane DNAs with HaeIII followed by electrophoresis, blotting, and hybridization to the M13 minisatellite probe. Despite finding reduced levels of genetic variation in the Whooping Crane due to a population "bottleneck," these polymorphisms were successfully used to determine paternity in six of seven cases of captive propagation where the maternal-offspring relationship was known, but where the sire was unknown. These determinations of paternity are required for effective genetic management of the crane flock. These results also revealed a number of heterozygous minisatellite loci that will be valuable in future assessments of genetic variability in this endangered species. C1 US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV,PATUXENT WILDLIFE CTR,ENDANGERED SPECIES RES BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV COMP & COMMUN,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LONGMIRE, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,MS M886,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0004-8038 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JUL PY 1992 VL 109 IS 3 BP 522 EP 529 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA JR933 UT WOS:A1992JR93300011 ER PT J AU TRUBETSKOY, VS TORCHILIN, VP KENNEL, SJ HUANG, L AF TRUBETSKOY, VS TORCHILIN, VP KENNEL, SJ HUANG, L TI USE OF N-TERMINAL MODIFIED POLY(L-LYSINE) ANTIBODY CONJUGATE AS A CARRIER FOR TARGETED GENE DELIVERY IN MOUSE LUNG ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY EFFICIENT; CHELATING POLYMERS; DNA-TRANSFECTION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; FOREIGN GENE; CANCER CELLS; PROTEIN; IMMUNOLIPOSOMES; ENDOCYTOSIS; EXPRESSION AB A DNA targeted delivery and expression system has been designed based on an N-terminal modified poly(L-lysine) (NPLL)-antibody conjugate, which readily forms a complex with plasmid DNA. Monoclonal antibodies against the cell-surface thrombomodulin conjugated with NPLL were used for targeted delivery of foreign plasmid DNA to an antigen-expressing mouse lung endothelial cell line in vitro and to mouse lungs in vivo. In both cases significant amounts of DNA can be specifically bound to the target cells or tissues. Specific gene expression was observed in the treated mouse lung endothelial cells. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT BIOCHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29893] NR 27 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 3 IS 4 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1021/bc00016a011 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA JG232 UT WOS:A1992JG23200011 PM 1390987 ER PT J AU ASSFALGMACHLEIDT, I ROTHE, G KLINGEL, S BANATI, R MANGEL, WF VALET, G MACHLEIDT, W AF ASSFALGMACHLEIDT, I ROTHE, G KLINGEL, S BANATI, R MANGEL, WF VALET, G MACHLEIDT, W TI MEMBRANE PERMEABLE FLUOROGENIC RHODAMINE SUBSTRATES FOR SELECTIVE DETERMINATION OF CATHEPSIN-L SO BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY HOPPE-SEYLER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON PROTEINASE INHIBITORS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL CY JUN 23-27, 1991 CL BRNO, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP JOZEF STEFAN INST, KFA JULICH GMBH, LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIV ID SERINE PROTEINASES; BOVINE SPLEEN; AMINO-ACID; MACROPHAGES; SPECIFICITY; CELL AB The dipeptidyl rhodamine diamide substrates (Z-Phe-Arg)2-R110 and (Z-Arg-Arg)2-R110 are 820- and 360-fold more selective for cathepsin L than for cathepsin B allowing a sensitive determination of cathepsin L activity in the presence of high activity of cathepsin B. The results obtained with cell lysates suggest that the cysteine proteinase activity of vital macrophages detected by flow cytometry with these substrates is mainly due to cathepsin L. C1 MAX PLANCK INST BIOCHEM,ARBEITSGRP ZELLBIOCHEM,W-8033 MARTINSRIED,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PSYCHIAT,NEUROMORPHOL ABT,W-8033 MARTINSRIED,GERMANY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ASSFALGMACHLEIDT, I (reprint author), UNIV MUNICH,INST PHYSIOL CHEM PHYS BIOCHEM & ZELLBIOL,GOETHESTR 33,W-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0177-3593 J9 BIOL CHEM H-S JI Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler PD JUL PY 1992 VL 373 IS 7 BP 433 EP 440 DI 10.1515/bchm3.1992.373.2.433 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JE593 UT WOS:A1992JE59300015 PM 1515071 ER PT J AU ROTHE, G KLINGEL, S ASSFALGMACHLEIDT, I MACHLEIDT, W ZIRKELBACH, C BANATI, RB MANGEL, WF VALET, G AF ROTHE, G KLINGEL, S ASSFALGMACHLEIDT, I MACHLEIDT, W ZIRKELBACH, C BANATI, RB MANGEL, WF VALET, G TI FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PROTEASE ACTIVITIES IN VITAL CELLS SO BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY HOPPE-SEYLER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON PROTEINASE INHIBITORS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL CY JUN 23-27, 1991 CL BRNO, CZECHOSLOVAKIA SP JOZEF STEFAN INST, KFA JULICH GMBH, LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIV ID CATHEPSIN-B; CYSTEINE PROTEINASES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SERINE PROTEINASES; HUMAN-BLOOD; ELASTASE; LOCALIZATION; NEUTROPHILS; INFLAMMATION; DERIVATIVES AB The analysis of lysosomal proteases in cell lysates is complicated by pH-dependent and oxidative changes of their activity and complex formation with cytosolic inhibitors. Therefore, new flow cytometric methods were developed for the intracellular measurement of protease activities in viable cells. Intracellular cleavage of substrates such as Z-Arg-Arg-4-trifluoromethylcoumarinyl-7-amide to green fluorescent 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (AFC) in viable neutrophils and monocytes was only detected following phagocytosis of Escherichia coli. A measurement of the cysteine or serine proteinase activities in resting human leukocytes was, however, not possible with AFC derivatives as the overlapping blue fluorescence of the substrates reduces sensitivity. Nonfluorescent bis-substituted peptide derivatives of rhodamine 110 (R110), which are intracellularly cleaved to green fluorescent mono-substituted R110 and free R110 proved to be more sensitive substrates. The activity of the lysosomal cysteine proteinases of human monocytes or rat macrophages, i.e. cathepsin B and L, was specifically measured with (Z-Arg-Arg)2-R110, (Z-Phe-Arg)2-R110, or (Z-Ala-Arg-Arg)2-R110. Fluorescence generation was completely inhibited by Z-Phe-Ala-diazomethane or E-64. The serine proteinases of human neutrophils were analyzed with Elastase-substrates such as (Z-Ala-Ala)2-R110 or (Z-Ala-Ala-Ala)2-R110. Specificity was shown by inhibition with diisopropylfluorophosphate. C1 UNIV MUNICH,INST PHYSIOL CHEM PHYS BIOCHEM & ZELLBIOL,W-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PSYCHIAT,NEUROMORPHOL ABT,W-8033 MARTINSRIED,GERMANY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ROTHE, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST BIOCHEM,ARBEITSGRP ZELLBIOCHEM,W-8033 MARTINSRIED,GERMANY. NR 32 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0177-3593 J9 BIOL CHEM H-S JI Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler PD JUL PY 1992 VL 373 IS 7 BP 547 EP 554 DI 10.1515/bchm3.1992.373.2.547 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JE593 UT WOS:A1992JE59300031 PM 1381188 ER PT J AU RAMSEY, RS VANBERKEL, GJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL AF RAMSEY, RS VANBERKEL, GJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL TI DETERMINATION OF PYRIMIDINE CYCLOBUTANE DIMERS BY ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION ION TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; THYMINE; DNA AB A straightforward approach for determining the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, thymine-thymine, uracil-thymine, and uracil-uracil, based upon electrospray ionization/ion trap mass spectrometry is described. These compounds are detected as the sodiated molecules, [M + Na]+, the response for which is maximized by adding low concentrations of sodium salts to the electrospray solutions. Under these conditions subnanogram levels of the dimers are determined by flow injection analysis. Structural information is obtained by collision-induced dissociation of the lithium adducts, [M + Li]+, which are formed by adding lithium salts to the solvents. RP RAMSEY, RS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1052-9306 J9 BIOL MASS SPECTROM JI Biol. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 21 IS 7 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1002/bms.1200210705 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA JA357 UT WOS:A1992JA35700004 ER PT J AU WOFSY, C GOLDSTEIN, B LUND, K WILEY, HS AF WOFSY, C GOLDSTEIN, B LUND, K WILEY, HS TI IMPLICATIONS OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR (EGF) INDUCED EGF RECEPTOR AGGREGATION SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LIGAND-INDUCED INTERNALIZATION; TYROSINE-PROTEIN-KINASE; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTORS; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION SITES; CROSS-LINKING; INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; SELF-PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; HISTAMINE-RELEASE AB To investigate the role of receptor aggregation in EGF binding, we construct a mathematical model describing receptor dimerization (and higher levels of aggregation) that permits an analysis of the influence of receptor aggregation on ligand binding. We answer two questions: (a) Can Scatchard plots of EGF binding data be analyzed productively in terms of two noninteracting receptor populations with different affinities if EGF induced receptor aggregation occurs? No. If two affinities characterize aggregated and monomeric EGF receptors, we show that the Scatchard plot should have curvature characteristic of positively cooperative binding, the opposite of that observed. Thus, the interpretation that the high affinity population represents aggregated receptors and the low affinity population nonaggregated receptors is wrong. If the two populations are interpreted without reference to receptor aggregation, an important determinant of Scatchard plot shape is ignored. (b) Can a model for EGF receptor aggregation and EGF binding be consistent with the "negative curvature" (i.e., curvature characteristic of negatively cooperative binding) observed in most Scatchard plots of EGF binding data? Yes. In addition, the restrictions on the model parameters required to obtain negatively curved Scatchard plots provide new information about binding and aggregation. In particular, EGF binding to aggregated receptors must be negatively cooperative, i.e., binding to a receptor in a dimer (or higher oligomer) having one receptor already bound occurs with lower affinity than the initial binding event. A third question we consider is whether the model we present can be used to detect the presence of mechanisms other than receptor aggregation that are contributing to Scatchard plot curvature. For the membrane and cell binding data we analyzed, the best least squares fits of the model to each of the four data sets deviate systematically from the data, indicating that additional factors are also important in shaping the binding curves. Because we have controlled experimentally for many sources of receptor heterogeneity, we have limited the potential explanations for residual Scatchard plot curvature. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV UTAH,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,DIV IMMUNOL & CELL BIOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. RP WOFSY, C (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MATH & STAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. OI Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM35556] NR 52 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 98 EP 110 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA JE014 UT WOS:A1992JE01400009 PM 1420877 ER PT J AU HELLER, L VANHULSTEYN, DB AF HELLER, L VANHULSTEYN, DB TI BRAIN-STIMULATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES - THEORETICAL ASPECTS SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENERGY; MODEL AB We prove that; at the frequencies generally proposed for extracranial stimulation of the brain, it is not possible, using any superposition of external current sources, to produce a three-dimensional local maximum of the electric field strength inside the brain. The maximum always occurs on a boundary where the conductivity jumps in value. Nevertheless, it may be possible to achieve greater two-dimensional focusing and shaping of the electric field than is currently available. Towards this goal we have used the reciprocity theorem to present a uniform treatment of the electric field inside a conducting medium produced by a variety of sources: an external magnetic dipole (current loop), an external electric dipole (linear antenna), and surface and depth electrodes. This formulation makes use of the lead fields f rom magneto- and electroencephalography. For the special case of a system with spherically symmetric conductivity, we derive a simple analytic formula for the electric field due to an external magnetic dipole. This formula is independent of the conductivity profile and therefore embraces spherical models with any number of shells. This explains the "insensitivity" to the skull's conductivity that has been described in numerical studies. We also present analytic formulas for the electric field due to an electric dipole, and also surface and depth electrodes, for the case of a sphere of constant conductivity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HELLER, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,BIOPHYS GRP,MS-M715,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 129 EP 138 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA JE014 UT WOS:A1992JE01400011 PM 1420862 ER PT J AU CUSHING, JM JIA, L AF CUSHING, JM JIA, L TI INTRA-SPECIFIC COMPETITION AND DENSITY DEPENDENT JUVENILE GROWTH SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; DYNAMICS; SIZE; ADULTS; MODEL; NICHE AB A difference equation model for the dynamics of a semelparous size-structured species consisting of juvenile and adult individuals is derived and studied. The adult population consists of two size classes, a smaller class and a larger more fertile class. Negative feedback occurs through slowed juvenile growth due to increased total population levels during the developmental period and consequently a smaller adult size at maturation. Intra-specific competition coefficients are size dependent and measure the strength of intra-specific competition between juveniles and adults. It is shown that equilibrium states in which adults and juveniles occur together at all times are in general destabilized by significantly increased juvenile vs adults competition with the result that stable periodic cycles appear, in which the generations alternate in time and hence avoid competition. This result supports the tenet that intra-specific competition between juveniles and adults is destabilizing. Exceptions to this destabilization principle are found, however, in which populations exhibiting non-equilibrium, aperiodic dynamics can be equilibrated by increase competition between juveniles and adults. This occurs, for example, when adult fertility and competition coefficients are significantly size class dependent. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CUSHING, JM (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAM APPL MATH,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 54 IS 4 BP 503 EP 519 DI 10.1007/BF02459632 PG 17 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA HN027 UT WOS:A1992HN02700002 ER PT J AU PERELSON, AS WEISBUCH, G AF PERELSON, AS WEISBUCH, G TI MODELING IMMUNE REACTIVITY IN SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IDIOTYPIC NETWORK; FREE MICE; DYNAMICS; LYMPHOCYTES; SYSTEM; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; ANTIBODIES; SELECTION; CELLS AB Models of the dynamical interactions important in generating immune reactivity have generally assumed that the immune system is a single well-stirred compartment. Here we explicitly take into account the compartmentalized nature of the immune system and show that qualitative conclusions, such as the stability of the immune steady state, depend on architectural details. We examine a simple model idiotypic network involving only two types of B cells and antibody molecules. We show, for model parameters used by De Boer et al. (1990, Chem. Eng. Sci. 45, 2375-2382), that the immune steady state is unstable in a one compartmental model but stable in a two compartment model that contains both a lymphoid organ, such as the spleen, and the circulatory system. C1 ECOLE NORM SUPER,PHYS STAT LAB,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP PERELSON, AS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433] NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 54 IS 4 BP 649 EP 672 DI 10.1007/BF02459638 PG 24 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA HN027 UT WOS:A1992HN02700008 PM 1591535 ER PT J AU WOODRUFF, RD AF WOODRUFF, RD TI CARDINAL CHOICES - PRESIDENTIAL SCIENCE ADVISING FROM THE ATOMIC-BOMB TO SDI - HERKEN,G SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Book Review C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,NUCL WEAP PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP WOODRUFF, RD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NONPROLIFERAT & ARMS CONTROL PROGRAM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDUC FOUNDATION NUCLEAR SCI PI CHICAGO PA 6042 SOUTH KIMBARK, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0096-3402 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 48 IS 6 BP 44 EP 46 PG 3 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA JB331 UT WOS:A1992JB33100016 ER PT J AU TUSKAN, GA AF TUSKAN, GA TI MARKER-AIDED SELECTION - A TOOL FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF FOREST TREE SPECIES - GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE 13-14 JUNE 1991 - PREFACE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Editorial Material RP TUSKAN, GA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,BIOFUELS FEEDSTOCK DEV PROGRAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011 OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 22 IS 7 BP 999 EP 1000 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA JK890 UT WOS:A1992JK89000013 ER PT J AU NANCE, WL TUSKAN, GA NELSON, CD DOUDRICK, RL AF NANCE, WL TUSKAN, GA NELSON, CD DOUDRICK, RL TI POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF HOST PATHOGEN SYSTEMS IN FOREST TREES SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON MARKER-AIDED SELECTION : A TOOL FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF FOREST TREE SPECIES CY JUN 13-14, 1991 CL GATLINBURG, TN ID PLANT-PATHOGENS; SELECTION PRESSURES; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; MESSENGER-RNAS; IMPROVEMENT; INVITRO; PATHOLOGY; CULTURES; LINKAGE AB Applications of molecular markers for genetic analysis of host pathogen systems are presented within the framework of the gene-for-gene model. The literature on complementary genetic interactions in host-pathogen systems is briefly reviewed. Flor's gene-for-gene hypothesis is summarized, and the design, execution, and genetic interpretation of experiments to test this hypothesis are described in detail. Various molecular techniques that have been used to complement the traditional gene-for-gene approach are also briefly reviewed. Three alternative approaches to developing molecular markers using the gene-for-gene framework are presented to illustrate the potential for applying molecular markers in forest tree - pathogen systems. Two of these alternative approaches allow partial confirmation of a hypothesized gene-for-gene genetic model without the usual requirement for advanced pedigrees. Such alternative approaches could greatly accelerate the development of marker-aided selection for disease resistance in forest tree - pathogen systems. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP NANCE, WL (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,POB 2008,GULFPORT,MS 39505, USA. RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011 OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289 NR 72 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1036 EP 1043 DI 10.1139/x92-138 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA JK890 UT WOS:A1992JK89000018 ER PT J AU PERERA, FP MOTZER, RJ TANG, D REED, E PARKER, R WARBURTON, D ONEILL, P ALBERTINI, R BIGBEE, WL JENSEN, RH SANTELLA, R TSAI, WY SIMONCEREIJIDO, G RANDALL, C BOSL, G AF PERERA, FP MOTZER, RJ TANG, D REED, E PARKER, R WARBURTON, D ONEILL, P ALBERTINI, R BIGBEE, WL JENSEN, RH SANTELLA, R TSAI, WY SIMONCEREIJIDO, G RANDALL, C BOSL, G TI MULTIPLE BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN GERM-CELL TUMOR PATIENTS TREATED WITH PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES; CANCER-PATIENTS; DNA ADDUCTS; RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; MUTANT FREQUENCY; CISPLATIN; CIS-DIAMMINEDICHLOROPLATINUM(II); ASSAY; QUANTITATION AB Blood samples from 36 germ cell tumor patients receiving chemotherapy with either cisplatin or carboplatin in combination with other drugs [etoposide or vinblastine, cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, and bleomycin (VAB-6)] were analyzed for the presence of 7 different biological markers. The biomarkers included platinum-protein adducts, platinum-DNA adducts, sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN), and somatic gene mutation at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) locus and the glycophorin A (GPA) loci (NO and NN). Patients were asked to donate 9 serial blood samples: a pretreatment sample followed by another drawn 12-24 h after each of four cycles of treatment and a final sample provided 3-6 months after the last cycle. Most individuals gave 7-8 samples; 7 individuals donated all 9. Because of limited amounts of cells in some cases, it was not possible to carry out all 7 assays on every sample. Pt-protein adducts, Pt-DNA adducts, and SCE showed a direct and consistent effect of treatment and were very highly correlated. A significant correlation was also seen between both Pt-protein and Pt-DNA adducts and HPRT mutation. All of the post-treatment samples were significantly elevated compared to the baseline sample. These markers also remained elevated 3-6 months after the end of treatment. By contrast, MN, HPRT mutation, and GPA mutation (both NO and NN variants) showed varying patterns of dose response, probably reflective of the differing biology of these markers scored in lymphocytes (MN and HPRT) and erythrocytes (GPA). MN were significantly elevated in the posttreatment samples drawn at cycles 2 and 3. Although induction of HPRT mutation was only of marginal significance, results here are for the mutant frequency determination assay only. In progress is the potentially more informative analysis of the type of mutations by Southern blot and the sequencing of mutations to look for characteristic mutational spectra. The GPA assay showed a significant increase over baseline in samples drawn after cycles 3 and 4 (NO variants) and after cycles 2, 3, and 4 (NN variants). The level of GPA mutation (both NO and NN variants) was clearly elevated even 3-6 months after the last cycle of chemotherapy. Correlations were seen between HPRT and MN as well as between GPA NO and GPA NN variants. Analysis of biomarkers by treatment group does not reveal a consistent pattern or trend across all cycles. However, platinum combined with VAB-6 appears to have a greater effect than platinum plus etoposide on SCE, MN, and HPRT at several time points. This may be explained by a greater combined genotoxicity of VAB-6 compared to etoposide and platinum. There was also marked variation in response between individuals receiving the same chemotherapy dose and sampled at the same time point. C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV VERMONT,COLL MED,VERMONT REG CANC CTR,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RP PERERA, FP (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,60 HAVEN AVE,B-1,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 13696, CA 47351, CA 48518] NR 38 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 13 BP 3558 EP 3565 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JA764 UT WOS:A1992JA76400008 PM 1319825 ER PT J AU BACUS, SS HUBERMAN, E CHIN, D KIGUCHI, K SIMPSON, S LIPPMAN, M LUPU, R AF BACUS, SS HUBERMAN, E CHIN, D KIGUCHI, K SIMPSON, S LIPPMAN, M LUPU, R TI A LIGAND FOR THE ERB-2 ONCOGENE PRODUCT (GP30) INDUCES DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN BREAST-CANCER CELLS SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN ADENOCARCINOMAS INVIVO; HER-2 NEU ONCOGENE; FACTOR-RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; C-ERBB-2 ONCOGENE; EGF RECEPTOR; PROTO-ONCOGENE; AMPLIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB The human erbB-2 oncogene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor. A ligand for the erbB-2 receptor (gp30), with an apparent molecular weight of 30,000, was reported to modulate the growth of cells overexpressing erbB-2. Whereas low concentrations of gp30 induced proliferation of these cells, higher concentrations inhibited their growth. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying cell growth inhibition by gp30, we tested the effect of this ligand on cell growth and differentiation of the human breast cancer cells AU-565 and MDA-MB-453 (which overexpress erbB-2) and MCF-7 cells (which express low levels of this protooncogene). Ligand concentrations that inhibited growth in cells overexpressing erbB-2 induced apparent differentiation of cells with a more mature phenotype, i.e., with characteristics such as inhibited cell growth, altered cytoplasmic and nuclear morphology, and increased synthesis of milk components (casein and lipids). No significant effect of the ligand was observed in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Concomitant with the induction of differentiation in AU-565 and MDA-MB-453 cells, the erbB-2 protein was translocated from membrane to the cytoplasm and perinuclear sites. These findings indicate that ligand-induced growth inhibition in cells overexpressing erbB-2 is associated with an apparent induction of differentiation. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,VINCENT T LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RP BACUS, SS (reprint author), CELL ANAL SYST INC,909 S ROUTE 83,ELMHURST,IL 60126, USA. NR 37 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 3 IS 7 BP 401 EP 411 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA JC463 UT WOS:A1992JC46300002 PM 1358180 ER PT J AU LEHNERT, W SCHMICKLER, W BANNERJEE, A AF LEHNERT, W SCHMICKLER, W BANNERJEE, A TI THE DIFFUSION OF LITHIUM THROUGH GRAPHITE - A MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION BASED ON ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERCALATION AB The structure and energetics of Li atoms intercalated in a graphite lattice are investigated by Hartree-Fock calculations on clusters of LiC20 and Li2C32 with particular emphasis on minima and saddle points of the potential energy surface. These results are used in a Monte Carlo simulation for the diffusion of lithium through a graphite lattice. The screened Coulomb interactions between the Li atoms, which are ionized in the lattice, and the energy barrier encountered at the surface can give rise to rather unusual concentration profiles with a sharp maximum on the side where the Li atoms leave the lattice. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,THEORY PROJECT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP LEHNERT, W (reprint author), UTAH STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,LOGAN,UT 84322, USA. NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 163 IS 3 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1016/0301-0104(92)87113-N PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JB048 UT WOS:A1992JB04800005 ER PT J AU SHIN, HK CHI, KM HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT FARR, JD PAFFETT, M AF SHIN, HK CHI, KM HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT FARR, JD PAFFETT, M TI HOT-WALL CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF COPPER FROM COPPER(I) COMPOUNDS .2. SELECTIVE, LOW-TEMPERATURE DEPOSITION OF COPPER FROM COPPER(I) BETA-DIKETONATE COMPOUNDS, (BETA-DIKETONATE)CULN, VIA THERMALLY INDUCED DISPROPORTIONATION REACTIONS SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM FILMS; TRIMETHYLAMINE-ALANE; HEXAFLUOROACETYLACETONATE; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES AB Chemical vapor deposition of copper using (beta-diketonate)Cu(PR3)n (n = 1 and 2), (beta-diketonate)Cu(1,5-COD), and (beta-diketonate)Cu(alkyne) (where beta-diketonate = hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfac), trifluoroacetylacetonate (tfac), and acetylacetonate (acac); R = Me and Et; 1,5-COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; alkyne = bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene (BTMSA), trimethylsilylpropyne (TMSP), and 2-butyne) has been studied on Pt, W, Cu, and SiO2 substrates over the temperature range 100-400-degrees-C. Large variations in the selectivity were observed as a function of the nature of the copper ligands, substrate temperature, and nature of the substrate. In the series of compounds (hfac)Cu(PMe3), (hfac)Cu(PMe3)2, (hfac)Cu(PEt3), (hfac)Cu(PEt3)2, (hfac)Cu(1,5-COD), and (hfac)Cu(2-butyne), where the number and nature of the neutral Lewis base ligand was varied, only (hfac)Cu(PMe3) and (hfac)Cu(PEt3) exhibited selective deposition. The lowest temperature at which deposition occurred changed dramatically as a function of the number and nature of Lewis base ligands. Deposition rates as high as 1200 angstrom/min were observed under unoptimized conditions. The copper films were characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), which showed pure copper within the detection limits. Resistivities varied from 1.7 to 8-mu-OMEGA cm depending on deposition conditions. All of the compounds investigated deposited copper via the thermally induced disproportionation reaction 2(beta-diketonate)CuL(n) --> Cu + Cu(beta-diketonate)2 + 2nL. This reaction stoiochiometry was quantified for (hfac)Cu(1,5-COD) and (hfac)Cu(2-butyne) and explains the high purity of the films which results from the absence of thermally induced ligand decomposition. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGINEER CERAM,DEPT CHEM ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CLS 1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 49 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 4 IS 4 BP 788 EP 795 DI 10.1021/cm00022a009 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA JG698 UT WOS:A1992JG69800009 ER PT J AU TOOSSI, R AF TOOSSI, R TI SURFACE-ANALYSIS OF COMBUSTION-GENERATED SOOT PARTICLES BY X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article AB Soot generated from an acetylene/air premixed flame stabilized over a flat flame burner and collected on a silver substrate was studied by ESCA. Effects of equivalence ratios on the surface-adsorbed oxygenated complexes were investigated. It was concluded that finer soot particles, generated at lower equivalence ratios (rich in oxygen), contained higher concentrations of these species and therefore were more reactive. The implications of these findings on the role of particulate carbon generated from various combustion sources are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP TOOSSI, R (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV LONG BEACH,DEPT MECH ENGN,LONG BEACH,CA 90840, USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 1992 VL 90 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(92)90132-9 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA HZ279 UT WOS:A1992HZ27900001 ER PT J AU BELL, JB MARCUS, DL AF BELL, JB MARCUS, DL TI VORTICITY INTENSIFICATION AND TRANSITION TO TURBULENCE IN THE 3-DIMENSIONAL EULER EQUATIONS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VORTEX RECONNECTION; SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; FILAMENT; TUBES AB The evolution of a perturbed vortex tube is studied by means of a second-order projection method for the incompressible Euler equations. We observe, to the limits of grid resolution, a nonintegrable blowup in vorticity. The onset of the intensification is accompanied by a decay in the mean kinetic energy. Locally, the intensification is characterized by tightly curved regions of alternating-sign vorticity in a 2n-pole structure. After the first L(infinity) peak, the enstrophy and entropy continue to increase, and we observe reconnection events, continued decay of the mean kinetic energy, and the emergence of a Kolmogorov (k-5/3) range in the energy spectrum. RP BELL, JB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 27 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-3616 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 147 IS 2 BP 371 EP 394 DI 10.1007/BF02096593 PG 24 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA JE025 UT WOS:A1992JE02500010 ER PT J AU CHRYSSOMALAKOS, C DRABANT, B SCHLIEKER, M WEICH, W ZUMINO, B AF CHRYSSOMALAKOS, C DRABANT, B SCHLIEKER, M WEICH, W ZUMINO, B TI VECTOR-FIELDS ON COMPLEX QUANTUM GROUPS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-CALCULUS AB Using previous results we construct the q-analogues of the left invariant vector fields of thc quantum enveloping algebra corresponding to the complex Lie algebras of type A(n-1), B(n), C(n), and D(n). These quantum vector fields are functionals over the complex quantum group A. In the special case A1 it is shown that this Hopf algebra coincides with U(q)sl(2, C). C1 MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,W-8000 MUNICH 40,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,SEKT PHYS,LEHRSTUHL PROF WESS,W-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHRYSSOMALAKOS, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-3616 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 147 IS 3 BP 635 EP 646 DI 10.1007/BF02097246 PG 12 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA JF197 UT WOS:A1992JF19700008 ER PT J AU LANGDON, AB AF LANGDON, AB TI ON ENFORCING GAUSS LAW IN ELECTROMAGNETIC PARTICLE-IN-CELL CODES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB During the 20 years in which two-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell codes have been in intensive use, discussion has continued as to how best to honor both the Ampere-Maxwell equation and Gauss' law in spite of compromises made in the collection of the density and current terms from the particle coordinates. Boris' popular and very effective method corrects the divergence of the electric field, but that requires solution of a Poisson's equation. Marder has recently popularized a partial correction that is very simple and fast, even with complex meshes. A new viewpoint on Marder's correction suggests improvements and new possibilities. In this note, I restate Marder's procedure and analyze a simple modification that improves it and clarifies its relation to Boris' divergence correction. Finally, I show that the improved Marder scheme gives the same results as an "incomplete Boris" correction in which the exact Poisson solve is replaced by a single accelerated point-Jacobi iteration. This observation suggests further improvements. RP LANGDON, AB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,L-412,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 70 IS 3 BP 447 EP 450 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA JE922 UT WOS:A1992JE92200002 ER PT J AU RHOADES, CE AF RHOADES, CE TI A FAST ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IN SMOOTH PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB An algorithm is presented for the rapid calculation of kernel evaluations which occur in simulations using the smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method. For a system of N particles, traditional methods require an amount of work of O(N2) to calculate the interaction of each particle with every other particle, unless sorting or linked-list schemes are used, in which case the amount of work is reduced to O(N). The algorithm described here has the same amount of work to evaluate particle interactions as the linked-list method, but unlike the linked-list scheme it readily vectorizes, making it considerably more practical for large-scale problems of current interest in climatology, plasma physics, fluid dynamics and celestial mechanics. RP RHOADES, CE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-298,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 70 IS 3 BP 478 EP 482 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(92)90109-C PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA JE922 UT WOS:A1992JE92200006 ER PT J AU SANDERS, DE STAVE, MS PERKINS, LS DEPRISTO, AE AF SANDERS, DE STAVE, MS PERKINS, LS DEPRISTO, AE TI SCT89 - A COMPUTER CODE FOR ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR-SCATTERING FROM CLEAN AND ADSORBATE COVERED SURFACES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Software Review DE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; CONDENSED-MATTER SIMULATION ID DISSOCIATIVE CHEMISORPTION; GLUE MODEL; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION-METALS; BODY FORMULATION; ELECTRON-GAS; ENERGY; CU; NI; POTENTIALS AB We present the first version of SCT89, a general user-friendly program for performing molecular dynamics simulations of processes on metal surfaces. Incorporation of the recently developed MD/MC-CEM potential energy surface allows us to consistently treat systems containing up to four chemically distinct types of atoms. Techniques to efficiently calculate the interatomic forces from this complicated potential function are discussed in detail. Features such as interactively prompting for input parameters and creating its own input files provide a simplified user interface. The scope of problems which can be treated with SCT89 include the scattering of atoms and diatomic molecules from clean and adsorbate covered surfaces, diatomic adsorption/dissociation dynamics, and adsorbate overlayer dynamics. SCT89 provides performance in the 50 to 60 MFLOPS range on a Cray Y-MP and also performs well on the new generation of mini-supercomputers. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, 303 WILHELM HALL, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 75 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 70 IS 3 BP 579 EP 608 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(92)90118-I PG 30 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA JE922 UT WOS:A1992JE92200015 ER PT J AU ISAACS, HS DAVENPORT, AJ HAWKINS, J THOMPSON, GE AF ISAACS, HS DAVENPORT, AJ HAWKINS, J THOMPSON, GE TI ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR OF THIN MASKING COATINGS SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Assessment of a vinyl acetate/vinyl chloride co-polymer as a coating or masking material in electrochemical studies has been made. With a double dip coating on aluminum, copper, iron or platinum in a sodium chloride electrolyte, an open circuit potential was recorded close to that of the uncoated metals. Polarization measurements were made at low current densities of both coated and uncoated metals. The rates of the interfacial reactions were reduced by the coating, but not dramatically. Similar potentials were recorded in the absence of aqueous electrolyte for metal electrodes separated only by the coating. As a consequence, a masked copper connecting Wire markedly influences the electrochemical behavior of uncoated aluminum under natural immersion conditions. The study indicated that the coating itself acts as an electrolyte, with electrochemical reactions taking place at the metal/coating interface. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,INST SCI & TECHNOL,CTR CORROS & PROTECT,MANCHESTER M60 1QD,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP ISAACS, HS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1141 EP 1145 DI 10.1016/0010-938X(92)90168-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA HZ605 UT WOS:A1992HZ60500010 ER PT J AU KOWLURU, A KOWLURU, RA YAMAZAKI, A AF KOWLURU, A KOWLURU, RA YAMAZAKI, A TI FUNCTIONAL ALTERATIONS OF G-PROTEINS IN DIABETIC RAT RETINA - A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION FOR THE EARLY VISUAL ABNORMALITIES IN DIABETES-MELLITUS SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE DIABETES-MELLITUS; RETINA; ROD OUTER SEGMENTS; GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; VISUAL ABNORMALITIES ID GTP-BINDING PROTEIN; ROD OUTER SEGMENTS; KINASE-C; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; PHOSPHORYLATION; COMPLICATIONS; PURIFICATION; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM AB We examined changes in guanosine triphosphate-dependent signal transduction mechanisms in the retina from the early stages of the streptozotocin-diabetic rat, a model for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Guanosine triphosphate binding, guanosine triphosphatase activity, and binding of (azido) guanosine triphosphate decreased significantly in the retina as early as 2 weeks after the induction of diabetes. The ability of guanosine triphosphate to inhibit forskolin-stimulatable adenyl cyclase was also abolished. These data suggest functional deterioration of G-proteins, especially Gi, in diabetic retina. Further studies using retinal rod outer segments revealed deterioration in light-sensitive, guanosine triphosphate-dependent functions of transducin in diabetic rats. Pertussis toxin-catalysed ADP ribosylation of the alpha subunit of transducin, a helterotrimeric G-protein of rod outer segments, was also reduced in diabetes. No functional effects were seen in purified subunits of transducin subjected to non-enzymatic glycation in vitro. On the other hand, incubation of non-diabetic rod outer segments with (12-0-tetradeconyl) phorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C agonist, in the presence of magnesium and adenosine triphosphate resulted in the reduction of guanosine triphosphate-binding and hydrolysis, thus indicating that protein kinase C may be involved in the regulation of these activities. The significance of these observations in the early visual abnormalities associated with diabetes is discussed. C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,DETROIT,MI 48201. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,KRESGE EYE INST,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,DETROIT,MI 48201. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KOWLURU, A (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN SCI H4-568,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY 07546] NR 46 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD JUL PY 1992 VL 35 IS 7 BP 624 EP 631 DI 10.1007/BF00400253 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JA684 UT WOS:A1992JA68400006 PM 1322850 ER PT J AU SKOTHEIM, TA YANG, XQ XUE, KH LEE, HS MCBREEN, J LU, F AF SKOTHEIM, TA YANG, XQ XUE, KH LEE, HS MCBREEN, J LU, F TI X-RAY ABSORPTION STUDIES ON ORGANO-DISULFIDE REDOX CATHODES SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON POLYMER ELECTROLYTES CY JUN 17-21, 1991 CL ANNECY, FRANCE SP INST NATL POLYTECH GRENOBLE, CNRS, UNIV JOSEPH FOURIER, GRP FRANCAIS POLYMERES, EUROPEAN POLYM FEDERAT DE ORGANO-DISULFIDE; X-RAY ABSORPTION; POLYMERIC ELECTRODE; ENERGY STORAGE ID BATTERIES AB We have measured the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of the K-edge of sulfur in organo-disulfide redox polymeric electrodes in both charged and discharged states. The formation and scission of S-S bonding during the charge-discharge cycle were also observed using NEXAFS spectroscopy. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,CFFLS,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP SKOTHEIM, TA (reprint author), MOLTECH CORP,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUL PY 1992 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1635 EP 1637 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(92)80127-8 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA JE547 UT WOS:A1992JE54700037 ER PT J AU HIRST, E SABO, C AF HIRST, E SABO, C TI DEFINING AND REPORTING DATA ON UTILITY DSM PROGRAMS SO ENERGY LA English DT Article AB The number, scope, effects, and costs of electric-utility demand-side management (DSM) programs are growing rapidly in the United States. Utilities, their regulators, and energy policy makers need reliable information on the costs and performance of these programs to make informed decisions. In particular, information is needed on the ability of these programs to cost-effectively provide energy and capacity resources that are alternatives to power plants. We discuss a new handbook that addresses the need for additional and better information in two ways. First, the handbook (and this paper) contain discussions of the key concepts associated with DSM-program types, participation, energy and load effects, and costs. Second, the handbook offers definitions and a sample reporting form for utility DSM programs. The primary purpose in developing these definitions and this form is to encourage consistency in the collection and reporting of data on DSM programs. C1 BARAKAT & CHAMBERLIN INC,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. RP HIRST, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL PY 1992 VL 17 IS 7 BP 635 EP 647 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(92)90071-7 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA HV963 UT WOS:A1992HV96300002 ER PT J AU DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA AF DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA TI USE OF CONTINUOUS-FLOW CENTRIFUGATION TECHNIQUES FOR COAL MACERAL SEPARATION .1. FUNDAMENTALS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION AB The utility of continuous flow centrifugation (CFC) for the separation of coal macerals was investigated. From a systematic study of the various factors affecting the efficiency of the separation, a methodology was developed for routine separations. Using CsCl/Brij-35 as the separation media, maceral enrichments of greater than 85 % could be easily achieved for coals with a particle size of <10-mu-m. In addition, analyzing the separated CFC phases by density gradient techniques provided detailed insight into the separation process. This process could be modeled using simple dynamics. One consequence of this modeling was to show that the purity of a sink/float type separation is not constant but will vary with the separation density. The behavior of the phase purities is intimately tied to the density distribution of the coal. RP DYRKACZ, GR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 357 EP 374 DI 10.1021/ef00034a005 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800005 ER PT J AU DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA AF DYRKACZ, GR BLOOMQUIST, CAA TI USE OF CONTINUOUS-FLOW CENTRIFUGATION TECHNIQUES FOR COAL MACERAL SEPARATION .2. MULTIPLE DENSITY FRACTIONATIONS OF COALS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION AB Continuous flow centrifugation (CFC) methods were used to density fractionate macerals from three different finely ground coals. Moderate to excellent enrichments were produced. However, the purities of the separated fractions were not straightforward to predict; they were controlled in a complicated manner by the dynamics of the centrifuge, the density chosen for each fractionation, and the density distribution of the coal. In addition, the role that the size of the density interval of fractionation has on the purity of separation is discussed. RP DYRKACZ, GR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 374 EP 386 DI 10.1021/ef00034a006 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800006 ER PT J AU PEREIRA, P SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H AF PEREIRA, P SOMORJAI, GA HEINEMANN, H TI CATALYTIC STEAM GASIFICATION OF COALS SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE; CHAR; MIXTURE; OXIDE AB Two bituminous and one subbituminous coals have been gasified with steam in the presence of calcium-potassium oxide or calcium-sodium oxide catalysts at 900 K. The coals gasify at better rates than the corresponding chars or than graphite and at better rates than in the presence of alkali-metal oxides (KOx or NaOx). Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the primary gaseous products with only traces of methane found. The catalyst is used in amounts of about 1 % of the carbon in the coal and may not have to be recovered from the ash. The catalytic gasification mechanism is believed to be the same for all carbonaceous material (coals, chars and graphite) gasified in this and previous work. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 407 EP 410 DI 10.1021/ef00034a009 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800009 ER PT J AU FLETCHER, TH KERSTEIN, AR PUGMIRE, RJ SOLUM, MS GRANT, DM AF FLETCHER, TH KERSTEIN, AR PUGMIRE, RJ SOLUM, MS GRANT, DM TI CHEMICAL PERCOLATION MODEL FOR DEVOLATILIZATION .3. DIRECT USE OF C-13 NMR DATA TO PREDICT EFFECTS OF COAL TYPE SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID THERMO-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; BITUMINOUS COAL; PYROLYSIS; TEMPERATURE; KINETICS; EVOLUTION; FORMULATION; PARTICLES; LIQUIDS AB The chemical percolation devolatilization (CPD) model describes the devolatilization behavior of rapidly heated coal based on the chemical structure of the parent coal. Percolation lattice statistics are employed to describe the generation of tar precursors of finite size based on the number of cleaved labile bonds in the infinite coal lattice. The chemical percolation devolatization model described here includes treatment of vapor-liquid equilibrium and a cross-linking mechanism. The cross-linking mechanism permits reattachment of metaplast to the infinite char matrix. A generalized vapor pressure correlation for high molecular weight hydrocarbons, such as coal tar, is proposed based on data from coal liquids. Coal-independent kinetic parameters are employed. Coal-dependent chemical structure coefficients for the CPD model are taken directly from C-13 NMR measurements, with the exception of one empirical parameter representing the population of char bridges in the parent coal. This is in contrast to the previous and common practice of adjusting input coefficients to precisely match measured tar and total volatiles yields. The CPD model successfully predicts the effects of pressure on tar and total volatiles yields observed in heated grid experiments for both bituminous coal and for lignite. Predictions of the amount and characteristics of gas and tar from many different coals compare well with available data, which is unique because the majority of model input coefficients are taken directly from NMR data and are not used as empirical fitting coefficients. Predicted tar molecular weights are consistent with size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) data and field ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS) data. Predictions of average molecular weights of aromatic clusters as a function of coal type agree with corresponding data from NMR analyses of parent coals. The direct use of chemical structure data as a function of coal type helps justify the model on a mechanistic rather than an empirical basis. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV UTAH,DEPT FUELS ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV UTAH,DEPT CHEM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. NR 58 TC 173 Z9 179 U1 7 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 414 EP 431 DI 10.1021/ef00034a011 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800011 ER PT J AU DELAROSA, L PRUSKI, M LANG, D GERSTEIN, B SOLOMON, P AF DELAROSA, L PRUSKI, M LANG, D GERSTEIN, B SOLOMON, P TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ARGONNE PREMIUM COALS BY USING H-1 AND C-13 NMR AND FT-IR SPECTROSCOPIES SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; SOLID-STATE NMR; H-1-NMR AB Argonne premium coals were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a variety of transient techniques in solid-state H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The NMR and FT-IR spectra were used to infer chemical functionalities of hydrogen and carbon in the premium coals and the results compared. The quantitative validity of the two techniques was also evaluated. Hydrogen aromaticities of the premium coals as measured by NMR are higher than the corresponding values obtained from FT-IR. Carbon aromaticities measured by NMR for the bituminous coals correlated well with the FT-IR values, but for the younger coals discrepancies of over 15% were found. NMR results were also compared with those reported for the same coals by others. The aromatic and aliphatic hydrogen-to-carbon ratios were evaluated and found to be in good correlation with the coals' rank. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,INST PHYS RES & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. ADV FUEL RES INC,E HARTFORD,CT 06118. NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 460 EP 468 DI 10.1021/ef00034a016 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800016 ER PT J AU BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK REYNOLDS, JG AF BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK REYNOLDS, JG TI OIL AND GAS EVOLUTION KINETICS FOR OIL-SHALE AND PETROLEUM SOURCE ROCKS DETERMINED FROM PYROLYSIS TQMS DATA AT 2 HEATING RATES SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID MARINE SOURCE ROCKS; LACUSTRINE; EXPULSION AB Seven oil shales and petroleum source rocks were subjected to programmed-temperature pyrolysis at heating rates of 1 and 10-degrees-C/min using triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry to monitor volatile compound evolution. Kinetic parameters were determined for evolution of hydrocarbons and various heteroatom species. Normalized cumulative generation of oil, light hydrocarbon gas (C-2-C-4), methane, carbon dioxide, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, and methylthiophene were calculated for generic geologic conditions using kinetic parameters that were lumped and averaged into type I, IIa, and IIb source rock classes. The four heteroatom species are largely generated before oil and the hydrocarbon gases. Using these kinetics to simulate hydrous pyrolysis gives favorable comparison with hydrous pyrolysis measurement of acetic acid generation for several different source rocks. RP BRAUN, RL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 11 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 468 EP 474 DI 10.1021/ef00034a017 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JF208 UT WOS:A1992JF20800017 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, M COLGLAZIER, EW TONN, BE AF RUSSELL, M COLGLAZIER, EW TONN, BE TI THE UNITED-STATES HAZARDOUS-WASTE LEGACY SO ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,ANAL SYST GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NATL ACAD SCI,OFF INT AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20418. RP RUSSELL, M (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0013-9157 J9 ENVIRONMENT JI Environment PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 34 IS 6 BP 12 EP & PG 0 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JE450 UT WOS:A1992JE45000003 ER PT J AU KRAMER, VJ NEWMAN, MC ULTSCH, GR AF KRAMER, VJ NEWMAN, MC ULTSCH, GR TI CHANGES IN CONCENTRATIONS OF GLYCOLYSIS AND KREBS CYCLE METABOLITES IN MOSQUITOFISH, GAMBUSIA-HOLBROOKI, INDUCED BY MERCURIC-CHLORIDE AND STARVATION SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Note DE POECILIIDAE; METABOLISM; STRESS; MERCURY ID TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; ENZYMES; LIVER AB Concentrations of glycolysis and Krebs cycle metabolites in the tail tissues of mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki, were measured in response to starvation and to exposure to 0.62 mg Hg l-1 (as HgCl2) for 48 h. In control fish, starvation caused decreased concentrations of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P, -58%) and fructose-6-phosphate (F6P, -79%). Mercury exposure resulted in decreased concentrations of G6P (-56%) and F6P (-79%), and to increased concentrations of pyruvate (+75%), alpha-ketoglutarate (+41%), succinate (+39%), and malate (+47%). Krebs cycle activity increased in response to mercury exposure, perhaps in response to greater energy needs associated with maintaining homeostasis under stressful conditions. We conclude that glycolytic activity is reduced in fish exposed to mercury and that this response is similar to that caused by a cessation of feeding. C1 UNIV GEORGIA, SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB, DRAWER E, AIKEN, SC 29801 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT BIOL SCI, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35487 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD JUL PY 1992 VL 34 IS 3 BP 315 EP 320 DI 10.1007/BF00004779 PG 6 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA JE176 UT WOS:A1992JE17600012 ER PT J AU LEHNERT, BE AF LEHNERT, BE TI PULMONARY AND THORACIC MACROPHAGE SUBPOPULATIONS AND CLEARANCE OF PARTICLES FROM THE LUNG SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON THE ROLE OF THE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE IN THE CLEARANCE OF INHALED PARTICLES CY SEP 19-21, 1990 CL OXFORD, ENGLAND SP EUROPEAN LATE EFFECTS PROJECT ID RAT ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM; IRON-OXIDE AEROSOLS; LONG-TERM CLEARANCE; INTRAVASCULAR MACROPHAGES; BLOOD MONOCYTES; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; LYMPHOID-TISSUE; DIESEL EXHAUST AB Pulmonary macrophages consist of several subpopulations that can be defined by their anatomical locations as well as by other criteria. In addition to the well-known alveolar macrophages that reside on the alveolar surface, pulmonary macrophages also occur in the conducting airways, in various pulmonary interstitial regions, and, in some mammalian species, in the lung's intravascular compartment. Other thoracic macrophages of relevance to pulmonary defense and some lung disease processes are the pleural macrophages resident in the pleural space and macrophages present in regional lymph nodes that receive lymphatic drainage from the lung. Of the above subpopulations of pulmonary and thoracic macrophages, the alveolar macrophages have received the most experimental attention in the context of the pulmonary clearance and retention of deposited particles. Accordingly, less information is currently available regarding the roles other pulmonary and thoracic populations of macrophages may play in the removal of particles from the lower respiratory tract and associated tissue compartments. This report provides an overview of the various subpopulations or pulmonary and thoracic macrophages, as defined by their anatomical locations. The known and postulated roles of macrophages in the pulmonary clearance and retention of particles are reviewed, with particular emphasis on macrophage-associated processes involved in the pulmonary clearance of relatively insoluble particles. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 269 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 97 BP 17 EP 46 DI 10.2307/3431327 PG 30 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA JL411 UT WOS:A1992JL41100004 PM 1396454 ER PT J AU BHATTI, N STREETS, DG FOELL, WK AF BHATTI, N STREETS, DG FOELL, WK TI ACID-RAIN IN ASIA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ACID RAIN; ASIA; ECOSYSTEM IMPACTS; EMISSION SCENARIOS; ACIDIFICATION VULNERABILITY; CONTROL OPTIONS ID CHINA; INDIA; PRECIPITATION; PH; WATER; AIR AB Acid rain has been an issue of great concern in North America and Europe during the past several decades. However, due to the passage of a number of recent regulations, most notably the Clean Air Act in the United States in 1990, there is an emerging perception that the problem in these Western nations is nearing solution. The situation in the developing world, particularly in Asia, is much bleaker. Given the policies of many Asian nations to achieve levels of development comparable with the industrialized world which necessitate a significant expansion of energy consumption (most derived from indigenous coal reserves)-the potential for the formation of, and damage from, acid deposition in these developing countries is very high. This article delineates and assesses the emissions patterns, meteorology, physical geology, and biological and cultural resources present in various Asian nations. Based on this analysis and the risk factors to acidification, it is concluded that a number of areas in Asia are currently vulnerable to acid rain. These regions include Japan, North and South Korea, southern China, and the mountainous portions of South-east Asia and southwestern India. Furthermore, with accelerated development (and its attendant increase in energy use and production of emissions of acid deposition precursors) in many nations of Asia, it is likely that other regions will also be affected by acidification in the near future. Based on the results of this overview, it is clear that acid deposition has significant potential to impact the Asian region. However, empirical evidence is urgently needed to confirm this and to provide early warning of increases in the magnitude and spread of acid deposition and its effects throughout this part of the world. C1 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES MADISON INC,MADISON,WI 53703. UNIV WISCONSIN,RMA,MADISON,WI 53703. RP BHATTI, N (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT & INFORMAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 35 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 23 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP 541 EP 562 DI 10.1007/BF02394130 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JB082 UT WOS:A1992JB08200012 ER PT J AU LITTLE, JC AF LITTLE, JC TI APPLYING THE 2-RESISTANCE THEORY TO CONTAMINANT VOLATILIZATION IN SHOWERS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; INDOOR AB The two-resistance theory is applied to the transfer of volatile contaminants from shower water to indoor air by means of two transient mass balance models. Mass-transfer coefficients are calculated from reported experimental data for five full-scale shower systems. Liquid- and gas-phase coefficients differ substantially from one shower system to another although both appear to increase with water flow rate. Mass transfer in showers appears to be strongly influenced by the type of showerhead but is unaffected by the presence of a showering individual. The calculated mass-transfer coefficients enable predictions to be made of the accumulation of volatile contaminants in shower and bathroom air during a typical shower. Exposures are calculated for volatile organic compounds representative of the range of volatilities found in water supply systems. RP LITTLE, JC (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Little, John/B-4154-2009; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010 NR 21 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1341 EP 1349 DI 10.1021/es00031a010 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JA725 UT WOS:A1992JA72500015 ER PT J AU KSZOS, LA STEWART, AJ TAYLOR, PA AF KSZOS, LA STEWART, AJ TAYLOR, PA TI AN EVALUATION OF NICKEL TOXICITY TO CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA AND DAPHNIA-MAGNA IN A CONTAMINATED STREAM AND IN LABORATORY TESTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NICKEL; TOXICITY; CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; DAPHNIA-MAGNA ID ACCUMULATION; COPPER; ZINC AB Seven-day tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia were used to document ambient toxicity in two industrially contaminated streams in southeastern Tennessee. Low survival of Ceriodaphnia dubia was linked to concentrations of Ni (74-200-mu-g/L) below Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) water quality criteria. A toxicity identification evaluation consisting of Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) toxicity tests with Ni, chemical analyses, and experiments with a Ni-selective resin were used to show that Ni was the primary toxicant in one of the streams. Nickel nitrate and Ni chloride were both extremely toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia but were not very toxic to Pimephales promelas: Ni at a concentration of 7.5-mu-g/L (water hardness, 40 mg/L as CaCO3) was lethal to Ceriodaphnia dubia within 7 d, but 16 mg/L Ni did not reduce survival or growth of Pimephales promelas. When dilution water with a hardness of 177 mg/L was used, 15.0-mu-g/L killed all the Ceriodaphnia dubia in 7 d (no reduction in survival or fecundity occurred in 7.5-mu-g/L). Daphnia magna was less sensitive than Ceriodaphnia dubia to Ni: A concentration of 40-mu-g/L significantly reduced fecundity but not survival in 21 d. In stream water containing 49-mu-g/L Ni (hardness, 656 mg/L), 100% mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia occurred in 7 d, but 70% of the Daphnia magna survived for 14 d. When the Ni in the stream water was reduced to 10-mu-g/L with the resin, 60% of the Ceriodaphnia dubia lived for 7 d and all the animals reproduced; survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna remained high for all 14 d. Thus, in both ambient water and pure chemical tests, Ceriodaphnia dubia was found to be much more sensitive to Ni than Daphnia magna. Experiments with Ni-63 showed that both species accumulated similar amounts of Ni, so the difference in toxicity was not a result of Ni uptake. The high sensitivity of Ceriodaphnia dubia to Ni and the lower than expected reduction in Ni toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia with increasing hardness have important implications for effluent and ambient testing and toxicity reduction efforts. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KSZOS, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Kszos, Lynn/0000-0002-8218-9032; stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997 NR 26 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 24 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1001 EP 1012 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1992)11[1001:AEONTT]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA JA713 UT WOS:A1992JA71300013 ER PT J AU SNOW, WM WANG, Y SOKOL, PE AF SNOW, WM WANG, Y SOKOL, PE TI DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THE CONDENSATE FRACTION IN LIQUID-HE-4 SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION; SUPERFLUID HE-4; STATE AB We present a new method for extracting the condensate fraction from deep inelastic neutron scattering studies of superfluid helium. This method employs a model for the momentum distribution that incorporates the known limiting behavior from many-body theories and takes into account final-state effects present in deep inelastic neutron scattering measurements. We apply this procedure to deep inelastic neutron scattering measurements of helium over a wide range of temperatures and densities in the superfluid, normal liquid, and solid phases. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,UNIV PK,PA 16802. ARGONNE NATL LAB,IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 19 IS 5 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/19/5/010 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA JF210 UT WOS:A1992JF21000010 ER PT J AU BARCELLOSHOFF, MH AF BARCELLOSHOFF, MH TI MAMMARY EPITHELIAL REORGANIZATION ON EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX IS MEDIATED BY CELL-SURFACE GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; CAPILLARY-LIKE STRUCTURES; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; CASEIN GENE-EXPRESSION; GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITIES; MORPHOLOGICAL-DIFFERENTIATION; FUNCTIONAL-DIFFERENTIATION; LAMININ; MORPHOGENESIS; ADHESION RP BARCELLOSHOFF, MH (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BLDG 74-159A,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1R29CA51841-01] NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 201 IS 1 BP 225 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0014-4827(92)90367-H PG 10 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA HY743 UT WOS:A1992HY74300027 PM 1612125 ER PT J AU CAMPISI, J AF CAMPISI, J TI ONCOGENES, PROTOONCOGENES, AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES - A HITCHHIKERS GUIDE TO SENESCENCE SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON HUMAN DIPLOID FIBROBLAST-LIKE CELLS AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF SENESCENCE - CURRENT STATUS : 1991 CY DEC 15-18, 1991 CL SAMUEL ROBERTS NOBLE FDN, ARDMORE, OK HO SAMUEL ROBERTS NOBLE FDN DE CELL CYCLE; DNA SYNTHESIS; C-FOS; RETINOBLASTOMA; SV40 T-ANTIGEN ID HUMAN-DIPLOID FIBROBLASTS; LARGE T-ANTIGEN; SV40 LARGE-T; PRODUCT RP CAMPISI, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CELL & MOLEC BIOL,BLDG 83,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 397 EP 401 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(92)90071-7 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JF774 UT WOS:A1992JF77400008 PM 1459215 ER PT J AU CRONKITE, EP RITHIDECH, K SHIMOSAKA, A BULLIS, JE AF CRONKITE, EP RITHIDECH, K SHIMOSAKA, A BULLIS, JE TI MEDIA (WITH INDETERMINATE GROWTH-FACTORS) FOR CULTURE OF MURINE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS (HSC) SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 745 EP 745 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400159 ER PT J AU CRONKITE, EP RITHIDECH, K BOND, VP WHORTON, EB BULLIS, JE AF CRONKITE, EP RITHIDECH, K BOND, VP WHORTON, EB BULLIS, JE TI MURINE RADIATION AND BENZENE LEUKEMOGENESIS - IS THE SAME DISEASE INITIATED BY SAME MOLECULAR MECHANISM SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77550. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 780 EP 780 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400291 ER PT J AU SEED, TM MYERS, SM AF SEED, TM MYERS, SM TI HEMATOPOIETIC REPAIR CAPACITY IN LEUKEMIA-PRONE DOGS UNDER CHRONIC GAMMA-IRRADIATION SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 788 EP 788 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400324 ER PT J AU CROWELL, RE HEAPHY, E VALDEZ, YE MOLD, C LEHNERT, BE AF CROWELL, RE HEAPHY, E VALDEZ, YE MOLD, C LEHNERT, BE TI ALVEOLAR AND INTERSTITIAL MACROPHAGE POPULATIONS IN THE MURINE LUNG SO EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY MACROPHAGES; RAT LUNG; HETEROGENEITY; MORPHOLOGY; CELLS; PHAGOCYTOSIS; MONOCYTES; SYSTEM AB Pulmonary macrophages (PM) exist in two general anatomical compartments in the lower respiratory tract: the alveolar space (alveolar macrophages, AM) and the interstitium (interstitial macrophages, IM). We determined the relative contribution that macrophages in each of these compartments make to the size of the total PM population found in the lungs of C3H/OUJ mice, while also evaluating bow efficiently bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) removes AM from the murine lung. These objectives were accomplished by combining extensive BAL with subsequent mechanical and enzymatic dissociation of the lungs in conjunction with in situ and in vitro phagocytic assays involving opsonized erythrocytes (EA) to identify mononuclear phagocytes. On average, 2.5 x 10(6) cells were recovered by extensive BAL, and approximately 78% of these cells ingested EA in vitro. To determine the efficiency of BAL in removing PM from the alveolar space, EA were instilled intratracheally into intact lungs, which bad been removed from the chest cavity, and allowed to incubate for 60 min; this was followed by exhaustive BAL and subsequent lung digestion. After these procedures, approximately 4% of the dissociated lung cells contained EA, indicating that these cells were alveolar in origin but bad not been removed despite extensive BAL. Subtraction of these AM from the total EA+ cells in lung cell suspensions following a second in vitro incubation with EA indicated that approximately 37% of all PM were within the interstitium. These results suggest that, while AM comprise the majority of lung macrophages, IM constitute a larger component of the total PM population in murine lungs than previously reported. In addition, this study, like several previous investigations using other species, indicates that a significant proportion of AM remain in the lung despite attempts to remove them with BAL. Accordingly, residual AM significantly contaminate the IM population present in murine lung cell suspensions even after extensive lavage. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP CROWELL, RE (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT MED & MICROBIOL,BRF 323,915 CAMINO SALUD NE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [S07 RR-05583-25]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-0002016] NR 25 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0190-2148 J9 EXP LUNG RES JI Exp. Lung Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 18 IS 4 BP 435 EP 446 DI 10.3109/01902149209064338 PG 12 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA JE767 UT WOS:A1992JE76700001 PM 1516566 ER PT J AU SEBRING, RJ LEHNERT, BE AF SEBRING, RJ LEHNERT, BE TI MORPHOMETRIC COMPARISONS OF RAT ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES, PULMONARY INTERSTITIAL MACROPHAGES, AND BLOOD MONOCYTES SO EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ORGAN-CULTURES; EMBRYONIC RAT; FE-59 OXIDE; LUNG; CELLS; POPULATION; CLEARANCE; HAMSTER; SURFACE; INSITU AB Pulmonary interstitial macrophages (IM) account for a substantial fraction of the total pulmonary macrophage (PM) population in the mammalian lung, with the remaining of extravascular mononuclear phagocytes being mainly alveolar macrophages (AM). Unlike the AM that can be harvested readily by bronchoalveolar lavage, the lung's IM subpopulation of PM bas been characterized less well, primarily because of its relative inaccessibility. Recently we developed a method to isolate viable IM from rat lungs using an Fc-gamma receptor affinity technique in conjunction with multiparameter flow cytometry. Using this approach, we undertook the present investigation to characterize quantitatively the structural features of the IM and to compare the morphologic attributes of this subpopulation of PM to those of flow cytometrically sorted AM and blood monocytes (BM). Measured or calculated parameters for each population included mean cellular equivalent circular diameter, cell area and volume, and nuclear, mitochondrial, cytoplasmic, and lysosomal volume densities in each cell type. Lysosomal volume densities were subcategorized further into primary lysosomes, small secondary lysosomes, large secondary lysosomes, lipid droplets, and vacuoles. Additionally, the shape, form, and surface irregularity of the cells and various subcellular components were determined. Comparisons of the size and other structural features of the AM, IM, and BM have indicated that (1) the morphologic phenotypes of these three populations of mononuclear phagocytes distinctly differ from one another, (2) the IM and BM are morphologically and morphometrically more akin to one another than they are to AM, and (3) the IM are more similar to the AM than are the BM. These findings suggest that the IM may represent a transitional stage of maturation between BM and AM. Our findings, however, do not rule out the possibility that at least some of the lung's IM are a discrete, BM-independent population of macrophages. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELL GROWTH DAMAGE & REPAIR GRP,PULM BIOL TOXICOL PROGRAM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU PHS HHS [P41-RK 01315-20] NR 47 TC 29 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0190-2148 J9 EXP LUNG RES JI Exp. Lung Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 18 IS 4 BP 479 EP 496 DI 10.3109/01902149209064341 PG 18 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA JE767 UT WOS:A1992JE76700004 PM 1516568 ER PT J AU BOCKRATH, BC FINSETH, DH HOUGH, MR AF BOCKRATH, BC FINSETH, DH HOUGH, MR TI A PULSE-FLOW MICROREACTOR STUDY OF COAL CATALYST INTERACTIONS SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE COAL; LIQUEFACTION; CATALYST ID HYDROGEN; SORPTION AB The reactions of hydrogen with mixtures of coal and a solid, dispersed liquefaction catalyst have been investigated using a pulse-flow microreactor. The reactor was principally designed to study hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions. Pulses of deuterium were carried through a heated bed of coal and catalyst and the exit stream was monitored with a mass spectrometer. Exchange reactions were observed after physical mixtures of coal and MoS3 were heated above the temperature required to convert the catalyst precursor to MoS2. After the precursor had been activated, exchange reactions were observed at much lower temperatures, even at 225-degrees-C. The only source of hydrogen was the coal. The results demonstrate that in these simple physical mixtures of coal and catalyst, a large pool of hydrogen on coal is available for transport to the catalyst surface where it may exchange with adsorbed deuterium gas. RP BOCKRATH, BC (reprint author), US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,POB 10940,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JUL PY 1992 VL 71 IS 7 BP 767 EP 773 DI 10.1016/0016-2361(92)90127-A PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JA007 UT WOS:A1992JA00700008 ER PT J AU APEL, WA DUGAN, PR WIEBE, MR AF APEL, WA DUGAN, PR WIEBE, MR TI INFLUENCE OF KAOLIN ON METHANE OXIDATION BY METHYLOMONAS-METHANICA IN GAS-PHASE BIOREACTORS SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE METHANE; OXIDATION; COAL VOLATILES ID METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM; ACCUMULATION; CELLS AB Significant levels of methane are liberated from the coal face and subterranean pockets during coal mining. This methane poses an explosion hazard in mines and when released into the atmosphere, acts as a greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming. Methanotrophic bacteria in gas phase bioreactors (GPBs) offer the potential to convert this methane to less deleterious substances; however, it is critical that reaction rates be maximized. The effect of kaolin on rates of methane oxidation by Methylomonas methanica grown in GPBs was assessed. The amendment of GPBs with a 4% kaolin solution significantly increased methane removal by M. methaniea versus non-kaolin-amended controls. The maximum velocities (upsilon(max)) were 604.1 mg methane min-1 GPB-1 in the control compared to 1156.6 mg methane min-1 GPB-1 in the kaolin-amended bioreactors, while the Michaelis constants (K(m)) were 15.87 and 60.52 mg methane GPB-1, respectively. RP APEL, WA (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,CTR BIOL PROC TECHNOL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JUL PY 1992 VL 71 IS 7 BP 805 EP 808 DI 10.1016/0016-2361(92)90133-9 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA JA007 UT WOS:A1992JA00700014 ER PT J AU NAIR, RS LI, AP SHIOTSUKA, RN WILSON, AGE AF NAIR, RS LI, AP SHIOTSUKA, RN WILSON, AGE TI TOXICITY OF CALCIUM SODIUM METAPHOSPHATE FIBER .1. INVITRO AND INVIVO DEGRADATION AND CLEARANCE STUDIES SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIBROUS GLASS; CARCINOGENICITY; DIMENSION; ASBESTOS C1 MOBAY CORP,STILWELL,KS 66085. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP NAIR, RS (reprint author), MONSANTO CO,800 N LINDBERGH BLVD,ST LOUIS,MO 63167, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 19 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90030-L PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JD216 UT WOS:A1992JD21600010 PM 1397805 ER PT J AU GOUGE, MJ STONGE, KD MILORA, SL FISHER, PW COMBS, SK AF GOUGE, MJ STONGE, KD MILORA, SL FISHER, PW COMBS, SK TI PELLET FUELING SYSTEM FOR ITER SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; LIGHT GAS GUN; HYDROGEN-PELLET; INJECTION SYSTEM; SHIELDING MODEL; HIGH SPEEDS; PLASMA; PERFORMANCE; ABLATION; TOKAMAK AB The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) will use an advanced, high-velocity pellet injection system to achieve and maintain ignited plasmas. Three pellet injectors are proposed. For ramp-up to ignition, a highly reliable, moderate-velocity (1- to 1.5-km/s) single-stage pneumatic injector and a high-velocity (1.5- to 5-km/s) two-stage pneumatic pellet injector that uses frozen hydrogenic pellets encased in sabots will be used. For the steady-state burn phase, a continuous, single-stage pneumatic injector is proposed; this injector will provide a flexible fueling source beyond the edge region to aid in decoupling the edge region (whose parameters are constrained by divertor requirements) from the high-temperature burning plasma. Because pellet fueling is more efficient than gas injection, it may be possible to use pellet fueling to provide all of the tritium and a portion of the deuterium needed to sustain the fusion reaction and to use deuterium gas injection to provide the required edge densities for optimum divertor conditions. In addition to decreasing the tritium throughput and raising the tritium burn fraction, this mode of operation allows a deuterium-rich boundary layer gas at the edge, which could significantly lower tritium inventories in plasma-facing components. All three pellet injectors are designed for operation with tritium feed gas. Issues such as performance, neutron activation of injector components, maintenance, design of the pellet injection vacuum line, gas loads to the reprocessing system, and equipment layout are discussed. Results and plans for supporting research and development in the areas of tritium pellet fabrication, continuous extruders, and high-velocity, repetitive two-stage pneumatic injectors are presented. RP GOUGE, MJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 19 IS 1 BP 53 EP 72 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(92)90063-A PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JE141 UT WOS:A1992JE14100005 ER PT J AU MOMOTA, H ISHIDA, A KOHZAKI, Y MILEY, GH OHI, S OHNISHI, M SATO, K STEINHAUER, LC TOMITA, Y TUSZEWSKI, M AF MOMOTA, H ISHIDA, A KOHZAKI, Y MILEY, GH OHI, S OHNISHI, M SATO, K STEINHAUER, LC TOMITA, Y TUSZEWSKI, M TI CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE D-HE-3 REACTOR ARTEMIS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE D-HE-3 FUELS; FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATION REACTOR; CONCEPTUAL REACTOR DESIGN ID FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATION; FUSION POWER; SUPPRESSION; INSTABILITY; MIRROR; BEAMS AB A comprehensive design study of the D-He-3 fueled field-reversed configuration (FRC) reactor Artemis is carried out for the purpose of proving its attractive characteristics and clarifying the critical issues for a commercial fusion reactor. The FRC burning plasma is stabilized and sustained in a steady equilibrium by means of preferential trapping of D-He-3 fusion-produced energetic protons. A novel direct energy converter for 15-MeV protons is also presented. On the bases of consistent fusion plasma production and simple engineering, a compact and simple reactor concept is presented. The D-He-3 FRC power plant offers a most attractive prospect for energy development. It is environmentally acceptable in terms of radioactivity and fuel resources, and the estimated cost of electricity is low compared with a light water reactor. Critical physics and engineering issues in the development of the D-He-3 FRC reactor are clarified. C1 NAGOYA UNIV,INST PLASMA PHYS,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. INST FUTURE TECHNOL,TOKYO 102,JAPAN. NIIGATA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NIIGATA 95021,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT NUCL ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. OSAKA UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,INST ATOM ENERGY,UJI,KYOTO 611,JAPAN. HIMEJI INST TECHNOL,ELECT ENGN,HIMEJI,HYOGO 67122,JAPAN. STI OPTRON INC,BELLEVUE,WA 98004. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 26 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 21 IS 4 BP 2307 EP 2323 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA HZ692 UT WOS:A1992HZ69200009 ER PT J AU EMMERT, GA POST, RF AF EMMERT, GA POST, RF TI SUMMARY OF THE 1ST WISCONSIN SYMPOSIUM ON D-HE-3 FUSION, MADISON, WISCONSIN, AUGUST 21-22, 1990 SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP EMMERT, GA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NUCL ENGN & ENGN PHYS,1500 JOHNSON DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 21 IS 4 BP 2346 EP 2348 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA HZ692 UT WOS:A1992HZ69200012 ER PT J AU TERRY, AV SILKS, LA DUNLAP, RB ODOM, JD KOSH, JW AF TERRY, AV SILKS, LA DUNLAP, RB ODOM, JD KOSH, JW TI SELECTED BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES OF NOVEL SELENONIUM CHOLINE ANALOGS SO GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACETYLCHOLINE AB 1. The novel choline analogs selenonium choline (SeCh) and acetylselenonium choline (ASeCh) have been examined for selected biological activities. 2. ASeCh was found to be an alternative substrate for acetylcholin esterase with K(m) and V(max) values similar to acetylcholine. 3. ASeCh and SeCh inhibited acetylthiocholine hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values similar to acetylcholine and choline. 4. SeCh exerted a protective action against physostigmine and DFP induced toxicity. 5. SeCh (85 mg/kg) was found to be 3 times more toxic in mice than choline. C1 UNIV S CAROLINA,COLL PHARM,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOCHEM & SPECT SECT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. OI Terry, Alvin/0000-0003-2071-4767 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 02231] NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-3623 J9 GEN PHARMACOL JI Gen. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 23 IS 4 BP 689 EP 692 DI 10.1016/0306-3623(92)90149-E PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JF223 UT WOS:A1992JF22300019 PM 1397975 ER PT J AU JANSEN, G DEJONG, PJ AMEMIYA, C ASLANIDIS, C SHAW, DJ HARLEY, HG BROOK, JD FENWICK, R KORNELUK, RG TSILFIDIS, C SHUTLER, G HERMENS, R WORMSKAMP, NGM SMEETS, HJM WIERINGA, B AF JANSEN, G DEJONG, PJ AMEMIYA, C ASLANIDIS, C SHAW, DJ HARLEY, HG BROOK, JD FENWICK, R KORNELUK, RG TSILFIDIS, C SHUTLER, G HERMENS, R WORMSKAMP, NGM SMEETS, HJM WIERINGA, B TI PHYSICAL AND GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DISTAL SEGMENT OF THE MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY AREA ON 19Q SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19Q; MOUSE CHROMOSOME-7; LINKAGE MAP; REGION; LOCUS; DNA; POLYMORPHISMS; FRAGMENTS C1 CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN,DEPT CELL BIOL & HISTOL,POB 9101,6500 HB NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN,DEPT HUMAN GENET,6500 HB NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV WALES COLL MED,INST MED GENET,CARDIFF CF4 4XN,S GLAM,WALES. BAYLOR COLL MED,KLEBERG DNA DIAGNOST LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77030. CHILDRENS HOSP EASTERN ONTARIO,DIV GENET,OTTAWA K1H 8L1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RI Wieringa, Berend/A-5346-2011; Hermens, Rosella/N-3581-2014; OI Wieringa, Berend/0000-0001-9192-8020; Brook, John David/0000-0002-5946-6740 NR 34 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 509 EP 517 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90118-C PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800003 PM 1639379 ER PT J AU SHUTLER, G KORNELUK, RG TSILFIDIS, C MAHADEVAN, M BAILLY, J SMEETS, H JANSEN, G WIERINGA, B LOHMAN, F ASLANIDIS, C DEJONG, PJ AF SHUTLER, G KORNELUK, RG TSILFIDIS, C MAHADEVAN, M BAILLY, J SMEETS, H JANSEN, G WIERINGA, B LOHMAN, F ASLANIDIS, C DEJONG, PJ TI PHYSICAL MAPPING AND CLONING OF THE PROXIMAL SEGMENT OF THE MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY GENE REGION SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CHROMOSOME-19; NCOI RFLP; DNA; MARKERS; LOCUS; LINKAGE; CKMM C1 UNIV OTTAWA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,OTTAWA K1N 6N5,ONTARIO,CANADA. CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN,DEPT HUMAN GENET,NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SHUTLER, G (reprint author), CHILDRENS HOSP EASTERN ONTARIO,DIV GENET,OTTAWA K1H 8L1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RI Wieringa, Berend/A-5346-2011 OI Wieringa, Berend/0000-0001-9192-8020 NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 518 EP 525 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90119-D PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800004 PM 1639380 ER PT J AU BUXTON, J SHELBOURNE, P DAVIES, J JONES, C PERRYMAN, MB ASHIZAWA, T BUTLER, R BROOK, D SHAW, D DEJONG, P MARKHAM, A WILLIAMSON, R JOHNSON, K AF BUXTON, J SHELBOURNE, P DAVIES, J JONES, C PERRYMAN, MB ASHIZAWA, T BUTLER, R BROOK, D SHAW, D DEJONG, P MARKHAM, A WILLIAMSON, R JOHNSON, K TI CHARACTERIZATION OF A YAC AND COSMID CONTIG CONTAINING MARKERS TIGHTLY LINKED TO THE MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY LOCUS ON CHROMOSOME-19 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID RANGE RESTRICTION MAP; REGION; GENES; YEAST; RECOMBINATION; FRAGMENTS; LIBRARY; LINKAGE; CLONES; 19Q C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,TEXAS MED CTR,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,TEXAS MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. ICI PHARMACEUT PLC,DEPT BIOTECHNOL,MACCLESFIELD SK10 4TG,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. MIT,CTR CANC RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV WALES COLL MED,INST MED GENET,CARDIFF CF4 4XN,S GLAM,WALES. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. ST MARYS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC GENET,LONDON W2 1PG,ENGLAND. RP BUXTON, J (reprint author), CHARING CROSS & WESTMINSTER MED SCH,DEPT ANAT,FULHAM PALACE RD,LONDON W6 8RF,ENGLAND. RI Buxton, Jessica/I-4033-2014; OI Buxton, Jessica/0000-0002-0918-9335; Brook, John David/0000-0002-5946-6740 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 526 EP 531 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90120-H PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800005 PM 1639381 ER PT J AU GUZZETTA, V FRANCO, B TRASK, BJ ZHANG, HJ SAUCEDOCARDENAS, O DEOCALUNA, RM GREENBERG, F CHINAULT, AC LUPSKI, JR PATEL, PI AF GUZZETTA, V FRANCO, B TRASK, BJ ZHANG, HJ SAUCEDOCARDENAS, O DEOCALUNA, RM GREENBERG, F CHINAULT, AC LUPSKI, JR PATEL, PI TI SOMATIC-CELL HYBRIDS, SEQUENCE-TAGGED SITES, SIMPLE REPEAT POLYMORPHISMS, AND YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES FOR PHYSICAL AND GENETIC-MAPPING OF PROXIMAL-17P SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MILLER-DIEKER SYNDROME; MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE; PERICENTROMERIC REGION; INTERSTITIAL DELETION; RAPID ISOLATION; DNA PROBES; MARKERS; CLONES; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,INST MOLEC GENET,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR HUMAN GENOME,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. OI FRANCO, Brunella/0000-0001-5588-4569 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG 00210-01]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD 24062-02]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS-27042] NR 49 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 551 EP 559 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90124-B PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800009 PM 1639385 ER PT J AU AUBRY, M MARINEAU, C ZHANG, FR ZAHED, L FIGLEWICZ, D DELATTRE, O THOMAS, G DEJONG, PJ JULIEN, JP ROULEAU, GA AF AUBRY, M MARINEAU, C ZHANG, FR ZAHED, L FIGLEWICZ, D DELATTRE, O THOMAS, G DEJONG, PJ JULIEN, JP ROULEAU, GA TI CLONING OF 6 NEW GENES WITH ZINC FINGER MOTIFS MAPPING TO SHORT AND LONG ARMS OF HUMAN ACROCENTRIC CHROMOSOME-22 (P AND Q11.2) SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID BILATERAL ACOUSTIC NEUROFIBROMATOSIS; PRECISE LOCALIZATION; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; MAMMALIAN GENOMES; KRUPPEL FAMILY; GLI GENE; PROTEIN; DNA; CELLS; EXPRESSION C1 MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. MONTREAL CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,MONTREAL H3H 1P3,QUEBEC,CANADA. INST CURIE,CNRS,URA 620,BIOL SECT,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,DIV BIOMED SCI L452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP AUBRY, M (reprint author), MONTREAL GEN HOSP,RES INST,NEUROSCI UNIT,1650 CEDAR AVE,MONTREAL H3G 1A4,QUEBEC,CANADA. NR 61 TC 32 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90135-F PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800020 PM 1639391 ER PT J AU BAHARY, N PACHTER, JE FELMAN, R LEIBEL, RL ALBRIGHT, K CRAM, S FRIEDMAN, JM AF BAHARY, N PACHTER, JE FELMAN, R LEIBEL, RL ALBRIGHT, K CRAM, S FRIEDMAN, JM TI MOLECULAR MAPPING OF MOUSE CHROMOSOME-4 AND CHROMOSOME-6 - USE OF A FLOW-SORTED ROBERTSONIAN CHROMOSOME SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID X-CHROMOSOME; MICRODISSECTION C1 ROCKEFELLER UNIV,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,1230 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,HUMAN BEHAV & METAB LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10021. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00316]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK26687, DK41096] NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90151-H PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800036 PM 1639403 ER PT J AU STALLINGS, RL AF STALLINGS, RL TI CPG SUPPRESSION IN VERTEBRATE GENOMES DOES NOT ACCOUNT FOR THE RARITY OF (CPG)(N) MICROSATELLITE REPEATS SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID Z-DNA; SEQUENCES C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP STALLINGS, RL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Stallings, Raymond/A-7213-2008 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 890 EP 891 DI 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90178-U PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA HY388 UT WOS:A1992HY38800063 PM 1639421 ER PT J AU MURRAY, RW TENBRINK, MRB GERLACH, DC RUSS, GP JONES, DL AF MURRAY, RW TENBRINK, MRB GERLACH, DC RUSS, GP JONES, DL TI RARE-EARTH, MAJOR, AND TRACE-ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF MONTEREY AND DSDP CHERT AND ASSOCIATED HOST SEDIMENT - ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION DURING DIAGENESIS SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SILICA DIAGENESIS; MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; PELAGIC SEDIMENTS; CALIFORNIA; ATLANTIC; SEAWATER; PACIFIC; SHALE; CHEMISTRY; SEQUENCES AB Chert and associated host sediments from Monterey Formation and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) sequences were analyzed in order to assess chemical behavior during diagenesis of biogenic sediments. The primary compositional contrast between chert and host sediment is a greater absolute SiO2 concentration in chert, often with final SiO2 greater-than-or-equal-to 98 Wt%. This contrast in SiO2 (and Si/Al) potentially reflects precursor sediment heterogencity, diagenetic chemical fractionation, or both. SiO2 concentrations and Si/Al ratios in chert are far greater than in modern siliceous oozes, however, and often exceed values in acid-cleaned diatom tests. Compositional contrasts between chert and host sediment are also orders-of-magnitude greater than between multiple samples of the host sediment. Calculations based on the initial composition of adjacent host, observed porosity reductions from host to chert, and a postulated influx of pure SiO2, construct a chert composition which is essentially identical to observed SiO2 values in chert. Thus, precursor heterogeneity does not seem to be the dominant factor influencing the current chert composition for the kev elements of interest. In order to assess the extent of chemical fractionation during diagenesis, we approximate the precursor composition by analyzing host sediments adjacent to the chert. The SiO2 concentration contrast seems caused by biogenic SiO2 dissolution and transport from the local adjacent host sediment and subsequent SiO2 reprecipitation in the chert. Along with SiO2, other elements are often added (with respect to Al) to Monterey and DSDP chert during silicification, although absolute concentrations decrease. The two Monterey quartz chert nodules investigated, in contrast to the opal-CT and quartz chert lenses, formed primarily by extreme removal of carbonate and phosphate, thereby increasing relative SiO2 concentrations. DSDP chert formed by both carbonate/phosphate dissolution and SiO2 addition from the host. Manganese is fractionated during chert formation, resulting in MnO/Al2O3 ratios that no longer record the depositional signal of the precursor sediment. REE data indicate only subtle diagenetic fractionation across the rare earth series. Ce/Ce* values do not change significantly during diagenesis of either Monterey or DSDP chert. Eu/Eu* decreases slightly during formation of DSDP chert. La(n)/Yb(n) is affected only minimally as well. During formation of one Monterey opal-CT chert lens, REE/Al ratios show subtle distribution changes at Gd, and to a lesser extent near Nd and Ho. REE compositional contrasts between diagenetic states of siliceous sediment and chert are of a vastly smaller scale than has been noted between different depositional environments of marine sediment, indicating that the paleoenvironmental REE signature is not obscured by diagenetic overprinting. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV NUCL CHEM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 68 TC 69 Z9 138 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 1992 VL 56 IS 7 BP 2657 EP 2671 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90351-I PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JD839 UT WOS:A1992JD83900007 ER PT J AU ROBERTO, FF BRUHN, DF AF ROBERTO, FF BRUHN, DF TI GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT OF ACIDOPHILIC BACTERIA FOR BIOHYDROMETALLURGICAL APPLICATIONS SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ROUND TABLE ON MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF ACIDOPHILIC CHEMOLITHOTROPHS / SEMINAR ON IRON AND SULFUR CHEMOLITHOTROPHY, 92ND MEETING AMER SOC FOR MICROBIOLOGY CY MAY 26-30, 1992 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP AMER SOC MICROBIOL DE ACIDOPHILIC BACTERIA; ARSENIC RESISTANCE; CHEMOLITHOTROPH; CLONING; CONJUGATION; TRANSFORMATION ID THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS PLASMID; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; HOST-RANGE PLASMIDS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; STRUCTURAL GENES; CHROMOSOMAL GENE; EXPRESSION; ELECTROPORATION AB Recent success in introducing foreign genetic information into Acidiphilium and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans have opened the possibility of the improvement of the bioleaching properties of acidophilic bacteria through genetic means. The use of electroporation to transform acidophilic bacteria, while effective for diverse genera of bacteria, is potentially limited by observed strain dependence within a given species. Bacterial mating or conjugation may prove more widely applicable, but has not yet been demonstrated in T. ferrooxidans. An arsenic-resistant, broad-host-range plasmid has been constructed and introduced by conjugation into Acidiphilium. This recombinant organism is being examined to assess whether it might lead to improved arsenopyrite leaching rates in mixed cultures with chemolithotrophs such as T. ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans. RP ROBERTO, FF (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD JUL-DEC PY 1992 VL 10 IS 3-4 BP 249 EP 255 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA LT713 UT WOS:A1992LT71300009 ER PT J AU OKAYA, DA KARAGEORGI, E MCEVILLY, TV MALIN, PE AF OKAYA, DA KARAGEORGI, E MCEVILLY, TV MALIN, PE TI REMOVING VIBRATOR-INDUCED CORRELATION ARTIFACTS BY FILTERING IN FREQUENCY-UNCORRELATED TIME-SPACE SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FOURIER-ANALYSIS AB Vibrator-to-ground coupling can produce resonance-induced energy that propagates with the primary sweep and produces serious artifacts in the correlated seismogram due to the frequency structure of this offending energy. For sweeps linearly increasing in frequency, the resulting artifact is observed (uncorrelated) to increase in frequency at a linear rate differing from the original sweep. Upon crosscorrelation with the pilot sweep, the artifact-producing energy becomes distributed over an extended range of time while the normal reflected sweep is compressed, by design, into a narrow correlation wavelet. The resulting traces thus exhibit strong amplitudes that increase monotonically in dominant frequency. Display of individual uncorrelated seismograms using a Fourier frequency-uncorrelated time (F-T) transformation reveals the relationship between the primary sweep and the induced artifact. "Surgical" filtering in this new F-T space provides for a first-order removal of both the artifact and the energy in sweep harmonics as induced by the stong first arrivals. Two-dimensional (2-D) spectral filtering of the modulus of the (complex) 2-D transform of the F-T data provides better rejection of the unwanted energy. Application of this trace-by-trace filtering process to a badly contaminated crustal-scale multichannel CDP profile in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, reveals significant reflections from the middle and lower crust that were obscured in the unfiltered profile. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,INST CRUSTAL STUDIES,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. RP OKAYA, DA (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT GEOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 57 IS 7 BP 916 EP 926 DI 10.1190/1.1443304 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JD415 UT WOS:A1992JD41500005 ER PT J AU BEASLEY, TM ELMORE, D KUBIK, PW SHARMA, P AF BEASLEY, TM ELMORE, D KUBIK, PW SHARMA, P TI CL-36 RELEASES FROM THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE NUCLEAR-FUEL REPROCESSING FACILITIES SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMID HEADWATER CATCHMENTS; STORM RUNOFF GENERATION; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL-PLAIN; GROUNDWATER; CL-36; WATER; CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTS AB Determinations of Cl-36 (T1/2 = 301,000 a) in waters on and near the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina reveal that nuclear fuel reprocessing activities there have released measurable amounts of this radionuclide to the environment. The natural atmospheric flux of Cl-36 at the latitude of SRS is 20-25 atoms m-2 sec-1. Atmospheric releases of Cl-36 from SRS, within the site boundaries, have increased this flux by a factor of at least 10 to 20. Approximately 3 X 10(9) Becquerels (Bq) [84 millicuries (mCi)] of site-derived Cl-36 have been deposited within 200 km of the plant boundaries. By comparison, fallout of Cl-36 from nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s deposited twice this amount of activity in the same area. Surface-water Cl-36, Concentrations in on-site streams represent about 0.01 percent of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) drinking-water standard and therefore pose no health concern. At SRS and similar facilities, this additional source of Cl-36 should prove useful for validating ground-water and atmospheric transport models. C1 PURDUE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,NUCL STRUCT RES LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP BEASLEY, TM (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,376 HUDSON ST,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 539 EP 548 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01530.x PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA JB921 UT WOS:A1992JB92100009 ER PT J AU FILLEY, TH AF FILLEY, TH TI SATURATED MOUND DEVELOPMENT ON SLOPING CLAY LAYERS DUE TO A FINITE SOURCE - AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB Sloping clay layers beneath percolation ponds can cause infiltrating waste water to pond and move in directions not predicted by vertical infiltration equations. This paper presents a method for estimating the potential of percolation sumps located over sloping clay layers to interact with nearby ground-water resources. The analytical solution developed is for steady-state conditions and includes a procedure to estimate the time needed to reach steady state. The fundamental assumption used in the mathematical development requires that elevation-head gradients be much larger than pressure-head gradients. A method for testing the validity of this assumption is also included. An example calculation was performed for percolation sumps on the Naval Petroleum Reserves No. 1 in Elk Hills, California. That analysis shows that under the assumptions used, a sump exclusion zone on the Elk Hills is required to protect ground-water resources within the adjacent San Joaquin Valley. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 559 EP 568 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01532.x PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA JB921 UT WOS:A1992JB92100011 ER PT J AU LEE, RR KETELLE, RH BOWNDS, JM RIZK, TA AF LEE, RR KETELLE, RH BOWNDS, JM RIZK, TA TI AQUIFER ANALYSIS AND MODELING IN A FRACTURED, HETEROGENEOUS MEDIUM SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB A ground-water flow and contaminant transport modeling study was performed at a proposed waste disposal site on the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation to assess the accuracy of a computer simulation of the flow field in the shallow water-table aquifer. The migration of a ground-water tracer, under controlled field conditions, was used as a comparative benchmark of solute transport simulations assuming different aquifer characteristics. A conventional approach to aquifer analysis and modeling, which assumed the domain to be homogeneous with low anisotropy, resulted in an inaccurate simulation of tracer migration. Alternative conceptual models were formulated which considered the effects of geologic heterogeneities on tracer migration which could be verified by additional data acquisition and analysis. Application of the alternative concepts in numerical modeling resulted in more accurate simulations of tracer migration. These results suggested that local geology created discrete flow pathways oriented oblique to the maximum gradient which were unresolved in conventional aquifer analysis. Results of the study showed that standard approaches to aquifer analysis and computer modeling are crudely representative of the flow field and provide nonconservative estimates of contaminant transport at the scale of a waste disposal unit. By adopting an iterative approach to site characterization, conceptual model formulation, and numerical modeling, the level of resolution provided by a ground-water tracer was accurately simulated. C1 TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,NORRIS,TN 37828. RP LEE, RR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 589 EP 597 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01535.x PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA JB921 UT WOS:A1992JB92100014 ER PT J AU WALTON, JC SMITH, RW AF WALTON, JC SMITH, RW TI THERMODYNAMIC FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATING PAH DEGRADATION IN THE SUBSURFACE - DISCUSSION SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Discussion RP WALTON, JC (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 624 EP 625 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01545.x PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA JB921 UT WOS:A1992JB92100024 ER PT J AU COLLART, FR HORIO, M SCHLENKER, RA KATHREN, RL HUBERMAN, E AF COLLART, FR HORIO, M SCHLENKER, RA KATHREN, RL HUBERMAN, E TI ALTERATION OF THE C-FMS GENE IN A BLOOD-SAMPLE FROM A THOROTRAST INDIVIDUAL SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THOROTRAST; GENETIC EFFECTS, RADIATION; LEUKEMIA; ALPHA PARTICLES ID MOS LOCUS; CANCER-PATIENTS; EXPRESSION; ONCOGENES AB We analyzed six different tissue DNA samples from a leukemic individual who received an injection of Thorotrast for alterations in proto-oncogene or tumor-suppressor gene structure. Our examination of the DNA indicated an alteration of the c-fms gene in the blood sample from this individual. This locus showed a deletion in which the 3' end of the deleted region maps between exons 11 and 12. In this particular case, the type of leukemia is unknown but myeloid leukemia is a neoplasm associated with individuals injected with Thorotrast. It is possible that the alteration in the c-fms gene of this individual is a consequence of the radiation exposure. No apparent alterations in the c-mos gene were observed in any of the tissues from the individual. This is in contrast to previous studies that described alterations in methylation patterns associated with the c-mos locus in radium-exposed individuals. A number of the individuals exposed to radium also had alterations of the retinoblastoma gene while no such alterations were observed in any tissue DNA samples from this Thorotrast case. It is possible that our inability to detect alterations of the c-mos and retinoblastoma gene may be attributable to the nature of alpha-emitting radionuclides or their distribution, or to the limited set of tissues available for analysis. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, CTR HLTH RES & EDUC, US TRANSURANIUM & URANIUM REGISTRIES, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP COLLART, FR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL & MED RES, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013; OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1097/00004032-199207000-00004 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900006 PM 1522006 ER PT J AU MAYS, CW AAMODT, RL INN, KGW BROWN, DR GREENBERG, RR IYENGAR, VG SCHIMA, FJ SLABACK, LS TRACY, JW LYNCH, TP MOSSMAN, KL AF MAYS, CW AAMODT, RL INN, KGW BROWN, DR GREENBERG, RR IYENGAR, VG SCHIMA, FJ SLABACK, LS TRACY, JW LYNCH, TP MOSSMAN, KL TI EXTERNAL GAMMA-RAY COUNTING OF SELECTED TISSUES FROM A THOROTRAST PATIENT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THOROTRAST; TH-232; TISSUE SAMPLING; DOSE, INTERNAL AB Results of gamma-ray measurements of selected tissues from a patient who was injected with Thorotrast almost 36 y ago are reported. The purposes of this study were: 1) to determine the relative tissue distribution and activities of specific radionuclides in the Th-232 decay chain, specifically Ra-228 (as measured by Ac-228), Pb-212, and Ra-224 (measured directly and as measured by Pb-212), and 2) to evaluate the level of radioactive disequilibrium among the daughter products. The spleen and liver had the highest concentrations of radioactivity. Bone also appears to be a long-term sink for Th-232 daughter products based on estimates from a small portion of one rib. Larynx and esophagus contained measurable activity, which may have been due to their proximity to the "Thorotrastoma." Radioactivity in the remaining measured tissues were low, as expected. Secular equilibrium could be demonstrated in bone, pancreas, larynx, esophagus, and breast. Significant disequilibrium was observed for spleen, liver, kidney, and red blood cells. Radioactivity measurements reported here will be useful in estimating radiation doses to selected tissues. Such dose estimates are valuable in refining current risk estimates (e.g., liver) and in identifying tissues at risk for further epidemiologic studies. These results, while consistent with other published studies, should be interpreted with caution since measurements were made on only one patient. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, DEPT RADIAT SCI, WASHINGTON, DC 20007 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MAYS, CW (reprint author), NCI, ROCKVILLE, MD 20892 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1097/00004032-199207000-00005 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900007 PM 1522008 ER PT J AU DAGLE, GE MOEN, EP ADEE, RR HUI, TE JAMES, AC FILIPY, RE KATHREN, RL AF DAGLE, GE MOEN, EP ADEE, RR HUI, TE JAMES, AC FILIPY, RE KATHREN, RL TI MICRODISTRIBUTION AND MICRODOSIMETRY OF THORIUM DEPOSITED IN THE LIVER SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THORIUM; HUMAN ORGANS; MICRODOSIMETRY; THOROTRAST AB The distribution of thorium in the liver of a patient 36 y after injection with Thorotrast was examined with autoradiographic and scanning electron microscope backscatter image techniques. Autoradiographic examination of randomly selected histologic sections of the liver showed a total alpha activity calculated at 33.7 Bq g-1, with the highest concentration of alpha activity sequestered in subcapsular scar tissue. Subcapsular scar tissue received 4.8 cGy d-1 of alpha radiation, periportal areas were accumulating 1.4 cGy d-1, and the hepatic cord areas 0.09 cGy d-1 of alpha radiation at the time of death. The concentration of dose in periportal areas correlates with higher incidence of bile duct tumors (than hepatocellular carcinomas) found in patients exposed to Thorotrast. The backscatter technique was demonstrated as useful for identifying thorium in liver specimens. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, CTR HLTH RES & EDUC, US TRANSURANIUM & URANIUM REGISTRIES, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP DAGLE, GE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 41 EP 45 DI 10.1097/00004032-199207000-00006 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900008 PM 1522009 ER PT J AU MCINROY, JF GONZALES, ER MIGLIO, JJ AF MCINROY, JF GONZALES, ER MIGLIO, JJ TI MEASUREMENT OF THORIUM ISOTOPES AND RA-228 IN SOFT-TISSUES AND BONES OF A DECEASED THOROTRAST PATIENT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THOROTRAST; THORIUM; RA-228; LEUKEMIA ID STATES TRANS-URANIUM AB The whole body of an individual injected with Thorotrast 36 y prior to her death was analyzed for Th-232 Ra-228, Th-228, and Th-230. Measurement of these isotopes in all tissues of the body will provide data necessary to calculate the radiation dose to individual tissues and to evaluate the risk potential associated with deposition of thorium and progeny in humans. The tissues were ashed, dissolved in acid, and the thorium isolated by ion exchange and electrodeposition. The thorium activity was measured by alpha spectrometry. The Ra-228 was determined by measuring the 0.991-MeV gamma rays associated with decay of the Ac-228 daughter. It was estimated that almost all of the Th-232 from the original injection was retained in the body, mostly in the tissues of the reticuloendothelial system. A total of 28 kBq (0.76-mu-Ci) of Th-232 was measured in the soft tissues and bones. The body also contained 13 kBq Ra-228, 12 kBq Th-228, and 3.9 kBq Th-230. A Thorotrastoma contained about 3.5% of the total activity. Excluding the Thorotrastoma, approximately 45% of all the activity (Th-232, Ra-228, Th-228, and Th-230) was retained in the liver, 13% in the spleen, 2% in muscle, 1% in skin, slightly less than 1% in the respiratory tract, 4% in all other soft tissues, and 33% in the skeleton (bone and bone marrow). Sixty to 80% of the thorium activity in bones containing red marrow was located in the marrow. Bones containing yellow marrow had less than 40% of the thorium activity in the marrow. Highest concentrations were found in the hepatic and other abdominal lymph nodes, spleen, hilar lymph nodes, liver, trachea, and bone. Approximately 60% of the Ra-228 formed from the decay of the Th-232 had been excreted from the body. The Ra-228 and Th-228 were in approximate equilibrium throughout the body. RP MCINROY, JF (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MAIL STOP K484, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 54 EP 71 DI 10.1097/00004032-199207000-00008 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900010 PM 1522011 ER PT J AU KATHREN, RL HILL, RL AF KATHREN, RL HILL, RL TI DISTRIBUTION AND DOSIMETRY OF THOROTRAST IN USUR CASE 1001 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE THOROTRAST; THORIUM; DOSIMETRY; BIOKINETICS ID GERMAN THOROTRAST AB The distribution of radioactivity and the associated doses were evaluated postmortem for USUR Case 1001, a female who had been injected with Thorotrast some 36 y prior to death. The distribution was determined for four nuclides: Th-232 and its decay products, Ra-228 and Th-228; and Th-230, a contaminant associated with Thorotrast. More than 90% of the activity was associated with the reticuloendothelial system. Approximately 32% of the total activity was found in the total skeleton (mineral bone and bone marrow), which is somewhat higher than expected from the literature. The 44% found in the liver and 12% in the spleen were somewhat lower than expected. This difference may be attributable, in part, to the initial deposition as influenced by colloidal particle size and to the radiation-induced hyposplenism, splenic atrophy, and slight hepatic atrophy observed at autopsy. In addition, roughly 3% of the activity was found in the Thorotrastoma and surrounding carotid artery tissue. Estimated lifetime absorbed doses from the Th-232 series were 15 Gy to the liver, 121 Gy to the spleen, 4 Gy to the skeleton, and 16 Gy to the Thorotrastoma. Comparable dose equivalents to these tissues are 300, 2420, 80, and 320 Sv, respectively, assuming a quality factor of 20 for alpha irradiation. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT HLTH PHYS, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KATHREN, RL (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV TRI CITIES, US TRANSURANIUM & URANIUM REGISTRIES, 100 SPROUT RD, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 75 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 72 EP 88 DI 10.1097/00004032-199207000-00009 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900011 PM 1522012 ER PT J AU BOICE, J TRAVIS, L SCHIMA, F MOSSMAN, K GOLDMAN, M MCINROY, J KATHREN, R HUBERMAN, E COTELINGAM, J TAUBER, W PRIEST, N PRICE, V GRAHAM, S AF BOICE, J TRAVIS, L SCHIMA, F MOSSMAN, K GOLDMAN, M MCINROY, J KATHREN, R HUBERMAN, E COTELINGAM, J TAUBER, W PRIEST, N PRICE, V GRAHAM, S TI TOTAL-BODY EVALUATION OF A THOROTRAST PATIENT - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER-STUDIES SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Discussion ID CLASSIFICATION C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. HARVARD UNIV, SCH PUBL HLTH, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20057 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. US TRANSURANIUM & URANIUM REGISTRIES, RICHLAND, WA USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. UKAEA, HARWELL BIOMED RES, HARWELL LAB, HARWELL OX11 0RA, BERKS, ENGLAND. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL, BETHESDA, MD USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT INFECT DIS, BETHESDA, MD USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT HEMATOPATHOL, BETHESDA, MD USA. RP BOICE, J (reprint author), NCI, RADIAT EPIDEMIOL BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 63 IS 1 BP 98 EP 100 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ669 UT WOS:A1992HZ66900013 ER PT J AU DRELL, D AF DRELL, D TI DOE ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL-ISSUES PROGRAM ENTERS ITS 3RD YEAR SO HUMAN GENOME NEWS LA English DT Article C1 US DOE,OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20545. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN GENOME MANAGE INF SYSTEM PI OAK RIDGE PA OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, 1060 COMMERCE PARK, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 SN 1050-6101 J9 HUM GENOME NEWS JI Hum. Genome News PD JUL PY 1992 VL 4 IS 2 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA KK731 UT WOS:A1992KK73100001 ER PT J AU MAX, N AF MAX, N TI NOTES ON LINEAR AND AREA LIGHTING MODELS SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Letter C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MAX, N (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 12 IS 4 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA JD228 UT WOS:A1992JD22800001 ER PT J AU WEINER, KH CAREY, PG MCCARTHY, AM SIGMON, TW AF WEINER, KH CAREY, PG MCCARTHY, AM SIGMON, TW TI LOW-TEMPERATURE FABRICATION OF P+-N DIODES WITH 300-ANGSTROM JUNCTION DEPTH SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; SILICON; DIFFUSION; BORON AB Gas immersion laser doping (GILD) is used to fabricate p +-n diodes with 300-angstrom junction depth. These diodes exhibit ideality factors of 1.01-1.05 over 7 decades of current, reverse leakage current densities less than or equal to 10 nA / cm2 at -5-V verse bias, breakdown voltages > 100 V, and electrical activation of the boron impurity to concentrations approaching 1 x 10(21) atoms / cm3. This behavior is achieved without the use of a furnace or rapid thermal anneal. C1 OREGON GRAD INST,BEAVERTON,OR 97006. RP WEINER, KH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,SPECIAL STUDIES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 7 BP 369 EP 371 DI 10.1109/55.192758 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA JA545 UT WOS:A1992JA54500005 ER PT J AU KING, AS BOW, WJ AF KING, AS BOW, WJ TI SCATTERING FROM A FINITE ARRAY OF MICROSTRIP PATCHES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article ID SUBSTRATE AB A full-wave solution to the problem of plane wave scattering by a finite array of rectangular microstrip patches printed on a grounded dielectric slab is presented. The electric field integral equation is solved using the spectral domain Green's function/moment method approach. Derivations for the elements of the impedance and voltage matrices are presented. An efficient massively parallel computer implementation of the moment method solution is described. Computed radar cross section (RCS) data for microstrip patch antenna arrays is presented as a function of incident signal frequency and angle of incidence. RP KING, AS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 9131,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 40 IS 7 BP 770 EP 774 DI 10.1109/8.155741 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA JJ722 UT WOS:A1992JJ72200004 ER PT J AU CARRADO, KA AF CARRADO, KA TI PREPARATION OF HECTORITE CLAYS UTILIZING ORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES DURING HYDROTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL CLAY; MONTMORILLONITE; METACHROMASY; ADSORPTION; MINERALS; SORPTION; LAPONITE; WATER AB A method for incorporating a remarkably diverse variety of intercalants directly during hydrothermal synthesis of hectorite layer-silicate clays has been developed. Refluxing a gel of silica sol, magnesium hydroxide sol, and lithium fluoride for just 2 days in the presence of an organic or organometallic intercalant results in crystalline products containing either (a) organic dye molecules such as ethyl violet and methyl green, (b) dye molecules such as alcian blue that are based on a Cu(II) phthalocyanine complex, or (c) transition metal complexes such as Ru(II) phenanthroline and Co(III) sepulchrate. The following properties of any intercalant are found to be necessary. (i) water solubility, (ii) positive charge, and (iii) thermal stability under moderately basic (pH 9-10) aqueous reflux conditions. The materials, and ion-exchanged natural hectorites for comparison, are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, N2 BET surface area measurements, microanalysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis. RP CARRADO, KA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1654 EP 1659 DI 10.1021/ie00007a011 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA JD230 UT WOS:A1992JD23000011 ER PT J AU KORZEKWA, DA DAWSON, PR WILSON, WRD AF KORZEKWA, DA DAWSON, PR WILSON, WRD TI SURFACE ASPERITY DEFORMATION DURING SHEET FORMING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FRICTION; METALS; MODEL AB A model for the flattening of asperities on the surface of a sheet undergoing plastic deformation is proposed. A viscoplastic finite element analysis was used to determine the effect Of strain rate and straining direction on the rate of flattening of two dimensional asperities resulting from a normal pressure applied with a smooth tool. The strain rate components in the plane of the sheet are treated as independent of the normal pressure. The results can be used to model the evolution of the contact area fraction at the interface as a function of the straining direction in the sheet and the normal pressure. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. CORNELL UNIV,SIBLEY SCH MECH & AEROSP ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP KORZEKWA, DA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP G770,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 15 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7403 J9 INT J MECH SCI JI Int. J. Mech. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 34 IS 7 BP 521 EP 539 DI 10.1016/0020-7403(92)90028-F PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA JE511 UT WOS:A1992JE51100002 ER PT J AU FENG, WW AF FENG, WW TI A RECURRENCE FORMULA FOR VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE-EQUATIONS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article AB Viscoelastic constitutive equations generally take the form of integral equations with kernels. Current time appears explicitly both in the argument of this kernel and as the limit of the convolution integral. Thus computing time increases with time in numerical evaluations of these integral equations. The principal objective of this paper is to develop a method that saves computing time and requires no data storage space for time-dependent physical quantities. RP FENG, WW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-342,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 2 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLINEAR MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 675 EP 678 DI 10.1016/0020-7462(92)90073-G PG 4 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA JD018 UT WOS:A1992JD01800016 ER PT J AU LUCAS, JN AWA, A STRAUME, T POGGENSEE, M KODAMA, Y NAKANO, M OHTAKI, K WEIER, HU PINKEL, D GRAY, J LITTLEFIELD, G AF LUCAS, JN AWA, A STRAUME, T POGGENSEE, M KODAMA, Y NAKANO, M OHTAKI, K WEIER, HU PINKEL, D GRAY, J LITTLEFIELD, G TI RAPID TRANSLOCATION FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS IN HUMANS DECADES AFTER EXPOSURE TO IONIZING-RADIATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; INDUCED CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; LIBRARIES; SEQUENCES; PROBES AB This paper presents an analysis of the utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome probes for measurement of the genomic frequency of translocations found in the peripheral blood of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. First, we derive the equation: F(p) = 2.05f(p)(1-f(p)F(G), relating the translocation frequency, F(p), measured using FISH to the genomic translocation frequency, F(G), where f(p) is the fraction of the genome covered by the composite probe. We demonstrate the validity of this equation by showing that: (a) translocation detection efficiency predicted by the equation is consistent with experimental data as f(p) is changed; (b) translocation frequency dose-response curves measured in vitro using FISH agree well with dicentric frequency dose-response curves measured in vitro using conventional cytogenetic procedures; and (c) the genomic translocation frequencies estimated from FISH measurements for 20 Hiroshima A-bomb survivors and four workers exposed to ionizing radiation during the Y-12 criticality accident are approximately the same as the translocation frequencies measured using G-banding. We also show that translocation frequency dose response curves estimated using FISH are similar for Hiroshima A-bomb survivors and for first division lymphocytes irradiated in vitro. We conclude with a discussion of the potential utility of translocation frequency analysis for assessment of the level of acute radiation exposure independent of the time between analysis and exposure. C1 RADIAT EFFECTS RES FDN,HIROSHIMA 732,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP LUCAS, JN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 33 TC 402 Z9 427 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 62 IS 1 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1080/09553009214551821 PG 11 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JH074 UT WOS:A1992JH07400006 PM 1353776 ER PT J AU SANDERS, CL DAGLE, GE MAHAFFEY, JA AF SANDERS, CL DAGLE, GE MAHAFFEY, JA TI INCIDENCE OF BRAIN-TUMORS IN RATS EXPOSED TO AN AEROSOL OF (PUO2)-PU-239 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY; TUMORS; MONKEYS; WORKERS AB Incidence of brain tumours was investigated in 3390 famale and male Wistar rats exposed to an aerosol of (PuO2)-Pu-239, or as sham-exposed controls. Lung doses ranged from 0.05 to 22 Gy. In females, six brain tumours were found in 1058 control rats (incidence, 0.6%) and 24 brain tumours in 2134 rats exposed to Pu (incidence, 1.1%); the survival-adjusted level of significance was p=0.29 for comparing control with exposed females. In males, two brain tumours were found in 60 control rats (incidence, 3.3%) and seven brain tumours in 138 rats exposed to Pu (incidence, 5.1%); the survival-adjusted level of significance was p=0.33. Brain tumour incidence was about five times greater in male than in female rats (p=0.0001), demonstrating a highly significant sex difference in brain tumour incidence. Tumour types were distributed similarly among control and Pu-exposed groups of both sexes; most tumours were astrocytomas. Mean lifespans for rats with brain tumours were not significantly different between control and Pu-exposed rats. Plutonium was not detected on autoradiograms of the brain. These results, like those for plutonium workers, show an increase of brain tumours which cannot be demonstrated statistically to be related to radiation exposure. RP SANDERS, CL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 62 IS 1 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1080/09553009214551871 PG 6 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JH074 UT WOS:A1992JH07400011 PM 1353782 ER PT J AU SENSENY, PE HANSEN, FD RUSSELL, JE CARTER, NL HANDIN, JW AF SENSENY, PE HANSEN, FD RUSSELL, JE CARTER, NL HANDIN, JW TI MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR OF ROCK SALT - PHENOMENOLOGY AND MICROMECHANISMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; CREEP AB The mechanical behaviour of rock salt is very complex over the ranges of stress and temperature usually encountered in geoengineering. During the past decade substantial progress has been made in measuring and understanding this behaviour, primarily because of the studies that support proposed disposal of nuclear wastes in salt formations. Safe nuclear waste disposal in salt requires a fundamental understanding of its mechanical behaviour to predict performance of nuclear waste repositories for times much longer than those usually encountered in conventional geoengineering practice. This understanding of the mechanical behaviour relies on accurate measurements of the macroscopic phenomenology and interpretation of the role of micromechanisms in producing the observed phenomena. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST, CTR TECTONOPHYS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. RP SENSENY, PE (reprint author), DEF NUCL AGCY, SPSD, 6801 TELEGRAPH RD, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22310 USA. NR 57 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 363 EP 378 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(92)90513-Y PG 16 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE544 UT WOS:A1992JE54400004 ER PT J AU STORMONT, JC DAEMEN, JJK AF STORMONT, JC DAEMEN, JJK TI LABORATORY STUDY OF GAS-PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN ROCK SALT DURING DEFORMATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE AB Gas permeability and porosity measurements have been made during hydrostatic and triaxial quasi-static, stress-rate controlled compression tests. The permeability and porosity of the as-received samples decrease significantly as a result of hydrostatic loading. These changes are largely irreversible, and are believed to "heal" or return the rock to a condition comparable to its undisturbed state. The permeability can increase more than 5 orders of magnitude over the initial (healed) state as the samples are deformed during deviatoric loading. The gas permeability and porosity changes are consistent with a flow model based on the equivalent channel concept. A model of microcrack initiation and growth based on the frictional sliding crack suggests the flow paths initially develop along grain boundaries and then along axial intragranular tensile cracks. Post-test visual observations support the model predictions. C1 UNIV NEVADA,MACKAY SCH MINES,RENO,NV 89557. RP STORMONT, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV REPOSITORY ISOLAT SYST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 45 TC 53 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 325 EP 342 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(92)90510-7 PG 18 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE544 UT WOS:A1992JE54400001 ER PT J AU NOORISHAD, J TSANG, CF WITHERSPOON, PA AF NOORISHAD, J TSANG, CF WITHERSPOON, PA TI THEORETICAL AND FIELD STUDIES OF COUPLED HYDROMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF FRACTURED ROCKS .1. DEVELOPMENT AND VERIFICATION OF A NUMERICAL SIMULATOR SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article AB Analyses of hydromechanical behaviour of fractured rocks requires the use of numerical methods, such as the ROCMAS code developed at LBL. We have developed a new version of this simulator which uses mixed Newton-Raphson linearization within an incremental configuration. This code, that is named ROCMAS II, was verified against: (1) a semi-analytic solution; and (2)against its predecessor ROCMAS which uses a direct iteration linearization scheme. This new coupled phenomenological model has been used successfully in a validation study of afield experiment which is reported in Part 2[Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. 29, 411-419 (1992)]. The verified ROCMAS H with its new feature such as an incremental set-up, the strain -softening and dilating shear, and hyperbolic closure joint model and the new linearization scheme, allows more realistic simulations of a host of rock mechanical problems in saturated rocks. Furthermore, the ROCMAS II set-up provides a basis upon which procedures for general treatment of various kinds of material non-linearity can be built. RP NOORISHAD, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 401 EP 409 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(92)90515-2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE544 UT WOS:A1992JE54400006 ER PT J AU RUTQVIST, J NOORISHAD, J STEPHANSSON, O TSANG, CF AF RUTQVIST, J NOORISHAD, J STEPHANSSON, O TSANG, CF TI THEORETICAL AND FIELD STUDIES OF COUPLED HYDROMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF FRACTURED ROCKS .2. FIELD EXPERIMENT AND MODELING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article AB A series of water injection experiments were performed on four horizontal fractures intercepted by a borehole at the University of Lulea Rock Mechanics Laboratory site in Sweden. The fractures are located in a borehole section 80-350m in depth. Three types of injection tests were carried out: (1) constant-pressure injection tests, with pressures ranging from below to above the overburden pressure; (2) constant-flowrate injection tests; and (3) step pressure tests (hydraulic jacking test). In the former two cases, the results clearly depict the coupled effect of mechanical fracture-aperture opening due to increased hydraulic pressure, even in the pre-hydrofracturing regime. A parallel numerical study was carried out to simulate these injection tests using the computer code ROCMAS II [see Part 1, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. 29, 401-409 (1992)]. We were able to simulate closely the pre -hydrofracturing coupled effect in the step pressure and constant pressure test. The success in this attempt validates the soundness of the conceptualized constitutive relations governing the coupled hydromechanical behaviour of rock masses. The results also point out a potential methodology of using a joint field and theoretical study of fracture hydromechanical responses to extract key characterizing parameters of the rock and fractures. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RUTQVIST, J (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DIV ENGN GEOL,S-10044 STOCKHOLM 70,SWEDEN. RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 13 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 411 EP 419 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(92)90516-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE544 UT WOS:A1992JE54400007 ER PT J AU KNORR, DB FREAR, DR WINTERBOTTOM, WL AF KNORR, DB FREAR, DR WINTERBOTTOM, WL TI MATERIALS ISSUES IN THE MULTICHIP MODULE PACKAGING OF ELECTRONICS SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 FORD MOTOR CO,DEPT MAT SYST RELIABIL,DEARBORN,MI 48121. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP KNORR, DB (reprint author), RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12181, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 44 IS 7 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE013 UT WOS:A1992JE01300001 ER PT J AU RYE, RR HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT AF RYE, RR HAMPDENSMITH, MJ KODAS, TT TI DEPOSITING COPPER PATTERNS ON TEFLON SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID POLY(TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE); RADIATION C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP RYE, RR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 44 IS 7 BP 56 EP 57 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA JE013 UT WOS:A1992JE01300011 ER PT J AU GREENE, RV GORDON, SH JACKSON, MA BENNETT, GA MCCLELLAND, JF JONES, RW AF GREENE, RV GORDON, SH JACKSON, MA BENNETT, GA MCCLELLAND, JF JONES, RW TI DETECTION OF FUNGAL CONTAMINATION IN CORN - POTENTIAL OF FTIR-PAS AND FTIR-DRS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME NRRL-13616; SUBMERGED CULTURES; ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; C BIOSYNTHESIS; FUMONISIN-B1; LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSKEI; MUTAGEN AB Evaluation of agricultural grains, such as corn, suffers from a lack of techniques that can analyze solid materials. Two techniques, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), were coupled to a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer to provide information about the mid-infrared absorption spectra of corn. Spectra generated from corn that was infected with Fusarium moniliforme or Aspergillus flavus, two mycotoxin producers, were dramatically different from those of uninfected corn. For F. moniliforme, enhanced spectral differences were associated with elevated culture toxicity. Preliminary studies to appraise the sensitivity of the methodology were conducted utilizing DRS. These indicated that spectra of corn contaminated at the 3% level (dry weight basis) with F. moniliforme were distinguishable from spectral variations associated with compositional divergence of different corn varieties. PAS was a more sensitive technique for detecting such fungal contaminations. Unfortunately, from a practical standpoint, PAS can presently analyze only one intact kernel at a time. C1 US DOE,CTR ADV TECHNOL DEV,AMES,IA 50011. US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP GREENE, RV (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 33 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1144 EP 1149 DI 10.1021/jf00019a011 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JE892 UT WOS:A1992JE89200011 ER PT J AU SKERRITT, JH HILL, AS MCADAM, DP STANKER, LH AF SKERRITT, JH HILL, AS MCADAM, DP STANKER, LH TI ANALYSIS OF THE SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS, PERMETHRIN AND 1(R)-PHENOTHRIN, IN GRAIN USING A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY-BASED TEST SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FENITROTHION PLUS (1R)-PHENOTHRIN; GAS-LIQUID; INSECTICIDES; WHEAT; PROTECTANTS; CARBARYL; PRODUCTS AB A monoclonal antibody generated to the synthetic pyrethroid-related hapten, (3-phenoxybenzyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1,3-dicarboxylate-protein conjugate, was used to develop assays for determination of permethrin and 1(R)-phenothrin in wheat grain and flour milling fractions. The earlier 3-h assay was simplified using two approaches. The antibody was directly conjugated to the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which removes a separate incubation and washing step from the assay. Also, an assay has been developed using microwell-bound monoclonal antibody and a HRP-labeled 3-phenoxybenzoic acid derivative. These assay formats have advantages in increased sensitivity and, in the case of the latter assay, accuracy with grain and flour samples. The most sensitive assay format could detect 1.5 ng/mL permethrin; 50% inhibition of antibody binding occurred at 10 ng/mL. These values corresponded to 75 and 500 ppb, respectively, in the original wheat sample. Methanol was the most effective pyrethroid extractant. Use of a simple cleanup procedure for ground grain extracts improved ELISA accuracy but could be omitted for screening purposes. C1 CSIRO,DIV PLANT IND,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED & ENVIRONM SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SKERRITT, JH (reprint author), CSIRO,DIV PLANT IND,POB 7,N RYDE,NSW 2113,AUSTRALIA. NR 18 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1287 EP 1292 DI 10.1021/jf00019a041 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JE892 UT WOS:A1992JE89200041 ER PT J AU ROTMAN, SR KALISKY, Y BRENIER, A PEDRINI, C BOULON, G HARTMANN, FX AF ROTMAN, SR KALISKY, Y BRENIER, A PEDRINI, C BOULON, G HARTMANN, FX TI TM(+3) DECAY IN CHROMIUM-THULIUM-HOLMIUM-DOPED YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM-GARNET AT LIQUID-HELIUM TEMPERATURES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONRADIATIVE ENERGY-TRANSFER; ZERO-PHONON LINES; LASER; CRYSTALS; MULTISITES; CR; TM; SPECTROSCOPY; OPERATION; IONS AB The standard expression for the excited-state acceptor concentration in codoped solid-state materials is modified to include the possibility of nonradiative acceptor deexcitation. The chromium and thulium time-dependent emission in yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is then studied; evidence is given for the identification of the tendency for localized correlated chromium-thulium pairs in the crystalline material. C1 NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,DEPT LASER,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. UNIV LYON 1,PHYSICOCHIM MAT LUMINESCENTS LAB,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ROTMAN, SR (reprint author), BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,POB 653,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RI ROTMAN, STANLEY/F-1390-2012 NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 1 BP 224 EP 228 DI 10.1063/1.352163 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JB347 UT WOS:A1992JB34700038 ER PT J AU ROCHELEAU, RE ZHANG, Z NILES, DW MASON, A AF ROCHELEAU, RE ZHANG, Z NILES, DW MASON, A TI EFFECT OF HYDROGEN DILUTION ON THE PROPERTIES AND BONDING IN PLASMA-DEPOSITED SILICON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID PHYSICAL-ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS; PECVD AB The effects of hydrogen dilution on the properties and structure of silicon nitride films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition from NH3/SiH4 mixtures were studied. The addition of relatively small amounts of hydrogen at a fixed NH3/SiH4 ratio increased the excess Si in the film with a corresponding increase in the Si-H/N-H bonding ratio. At higher dilution [H-2/(NH3+SiH4)] the films became more stoichiometric with significant changes in the hydrogen bonding. Decreases in the etch rate and refractive index with increasing hydrogen flow are discussed in terms of the changes in bonding structure and were found to be well correlated to changes in the Si-N bond density. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP ROCHELEAU, RE (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII,HAWAII NAT ENERGY INST,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 72 IS 1 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.1063/1.352130 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JB347 UT WOS:A1992JB34700050 ER PT J AU BASTACKY, J GOERKE, J AF BASTACKY, J GOERKE, J TI PORES OF KOHN ARE FILLED IN NORMAL LUNGS - LOW-TEMPERATURE SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALVEOLAR LINING LAYER; SURFACTANT; ALVEOLAR LIQUID; FROZEN HYDRATED; INTERALVEOLAR PORES; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; LOW-TEMPERATURE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; CRYO; SUBPHASE; HYPOPHASE ID INTERALVEOLAR PORES; MOUSE AB Interalveolar pores of Kohn, small uniform-sized epithelium-lined openings in alveolar walls of normal lung, have historically been demonstrated with electron-microscopic techniques that remove water. We show these pores to be present but almost invariably filled with material when water and surfactant are preserved in frozen hydrated lung examined with low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. In the normal mouse, 16 open empty pores per alveolus were found in instillation-fixed dried lung vs. < 1 per alveolus in frozen hydrated lungs (P < 0.001). In the normal rat, 13 pores were seen per alveolus in instillation-fixed dried lung vs. < 1 per alveolus in frozen hydrated lungs (P < 0.001). We suggest that pores of Kohn 1) function primarily as conduits for interalveolar movement of alveolar liquid, surfactant components, and macrophages, 2) provide distributed sites for tubular myelin storage without increasing gas diffusion pathway thickness in the alveolar subphase itself, and 3) do not function as pathways for collateral ventilation during normal breathing in the absence of atelectasis or obstruction. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,INST CARDIOVASC RES,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP BASTACKY, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,1-116,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-40521, HL-24075, HL-33009] NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 73 IS 1 BP 88 EP 95 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA JE703 UT WOS:A1992JE70300013 PM 1506404 ER PT J AU KAMINSKY, MP ZAJAC, GW CAMPUZANO, JC FAIZ, M BEAULAIGUE, L GOFRON, K JENNINGS, G YAO, JM SALDIN, DK AF KAMINSKY, MP ZAJAC, GW CAMPUZANO, JC FAIZ, M BEAULAIGUE, L GOFRON, K JENNINGS, G YAO, JM SALDIN, DK TI OXYGEN X-RAY ABSORPTION NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BA-DOPED YTTRIA OXIDATIVE COUPLING CATALYST SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MILWAUKEE,WI 53211. RP KAMINSKY, MP (reprint author), AMOCO CHEM CO,POB 3011,NAPERVILLE,IL 60566, USA. RI Campuzano, Juan Carlos/G-4358-2012 NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 136 IS 1 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.1016/0021-9517(92)90102-N PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA HZ188 UT WOS:A1992HZ18800002 ER PT J AU FOURKAS, JT TREBINO, R FAYER, MD AF FOURKAS, JT TREBINO, R FAYER, MD TI THE GRATING DECOMPOSITION METHOD - A NEW APPROACH FOR UNDERSTANDING POLARIZATION-SELECTIVE TRANSIENT GRATING EXPERIMENTS .1. THEORY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IMPULSIVE STIMULATED SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DIAGRAMMATIC ANALYSIS; RELAXATION; CRYSTALS; LIQUIDS; PROBE; SPECTROSCOPY; GENERATION; VAPOR AB In this paper and the following paper (II) we introduce a new method of viewing transient holographic grating experiments in which the gratings are formed by laser beams of orthogonal linear or circular polarizations (or one of each). In this paper, we show that the two traditional methods of modeling these gratings, electric-field pictures and diagrammatic perturbation theory, may be augmented. We demonstrate that any grating can be decomposed into component intensity gratings that are related to the polarizations in its electric-field picture. Each of these component gratings may be analyzed separately (with or without diagrammatic perturbation theory), facilitating the incorporation of secondary effects (such as transport and heat deposition) into the grating calculation. The grating decomposition method (GDM) illuminates spatial structure that is not evident in standard perturbative calculations; it also provides a physical description that makes qualitative insights more readily obtainable, while at the same time making the electric-field approach rigorous and quantitative. Furthermore, the GDM reduces the complexity of many diagrammatic perturbation theory calculations. We also introduce effective two-interaction matrix elements (ETIMEs), which can be used to greatly simplify perturbative grating calculations. We show that ETIMEs, when considered in conjunction with the symmetry properties of the third-order susceptibility (chi(3)), can often be used to prove that some of the component gratings in a decomposition do not contribute to the signal and therefore need not be considered. In II, we apply this theory to two grating problems. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI Fourkas, John/B-3500-2009 OI Fourkas, John/0000-0002-4522-9584 NR 48 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 DI 10.1063/1.463565 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200009 ER PT J AU FOURKAS, JT TREBINO, R FAYER, MD AF FOURKAS, JT TREBINO, R FAYER, MD TI THE GRATING DECOMPOSITION METHOD - A NEW APPROACH FOR UNDERSTANDING POLARIZATION-SELECTIVE TRANSIENT GRATING EXPERIMENTS .2. APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SODIUM VAPOR; LIQUID AB We apply the theory developed in Paper I to two transient grating problems that present difficulties in interpretation and/or calculation. The first application is general, and illustrates the ability of the grating decomposition method (GDM) to facilitate calculations and to provide intuition and insight in complex orientational grating experiments: we apply the GDM to nuclear optical Kerr effect (OKE) polarization gratings. We show that the circularly polarized component gratings of the polarization-grating decomposition do not contribute to the signal, and that the OKE polarization grating can therefore be viewed as the sum of two gratings with orthogonal net molecular alignments. We also use the GDM and this system to explain why polarization gratings can rotate the polarization of the probe beam. The second example is a detailed application of the GDM to an experiment in which the data cannot be fully interpreted using standard diagrammatic perturbation methods: picosecond transient gratings on the D lines of gas-phase sodium atoms. We use the GDM and effective two-interaction matrix elements to greatly simplify this problem. We show why, in atmospheric-pressure experiments, Na intensity-grating decays are dominated by excited-state quenching, whereas Na polarization-grating decays are not. We show that the polarization-grating decays are dominated by Na diffusion and are influenced by scattering among the ground-state magnetic sublevels, but are unaffected by excited-state decay. We further show why the envelopes of polarization decays do not match the corresponding intensity-grating decays at large fringe spacings in low-pressure Na cells. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI Fourkas, John/B-3500-2009 OI Fourkas, John/0000-0002-4522-9584 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 78 EP 85 DI 10.1063/1.463525 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200010 ER PT J AU FLESCH, GD NG, CY AF FLESCH, GD NG, CY TI ABSOLUTE STATE-SELECTED AND STATE-TO-STATE TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS FOR THE AR+(2P3/2,1/2)+CO2 REACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER REACTIONS; PHOTO-IONIZATION; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MASS-SPECTROMETER; EV REGION; CO2; PHOTOIONIZATION; IONS; N2O AB Absolute spin-orbit state-selected total cross sections for the reactions, Ar+ (2P3/2,1/2) + CO2-->CO2+ + Ar [reaction (1)], CO+ + O + Ar [reaction (2) O+ + CO + Ar [reaction (3)], C+ + 2O + Ar [reaction (4)], ArC+ + 2O [reaction (5)], ArO+ + CO [reaction (6)], and ArCO+ + O [reaction (7)] have been measured in the center-of-mass collision energy (E(c.m.)) range of 0.26-131 eV. The ratio of the charge-transfer cross section due to Ar+ (2P1/2) to that associated with Ar+ (2P3/2) varies in the range of 0.5-0.8. The appearance energies observed for CO+ (E(c.m.) = 4.2 +/- 0.5 eV), O+ (E(c.m.) = 3.7 +/- 0.5 eV), and C+ (E(c.m.) = 12.6 +/- 0.5 eV) are in agreement with the thermochemical thresholds for reactions (2), (3), and (4), respectively. The comparison of the absolute cross sections for CO+, O+, and C+ from CO2 by photoionization and by dissociative charge transfer [reactions (2)-(4)] is made. The kinetic-energy analysis of product CO2+, CO+, O+, C+, ArO+, and ArC+ suggests that reactions (2)-(7) proceed via a charge-transfer predissociation mechanism. This experiment, together with the previous studies of Ar+ (2P3/2,1/2) + N2 (O2,CO), supports the conclusion that product ions formed by dissociative photoionization are also produced by dissociative charge transfer. We find that the absolute cross sections for product ions formed in the dissociative charge-transfer processes [reactions (2)-(4)] are substantially greater than those formed in the dissociative photoionization of CO2, a finding consistent with the general observation that photoionization cross sections are significantly smaller than charge-transfer cross sections. The relative cross sections for CO+, O+, and C+ formed by reactions (2)-(4) are also found to be different from those for photoionization of CO2. This difference is attributed to the anisotropic interaction potential surface responsible for the Ar+ (2P3/2,1/2) + CO2 reactions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP US DOE, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 162 EP 172 DI 10.1063/1.463616 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200021 ER PT J AU YANG, DL YU, T LIN, MC MELIUS, CF AF YANG, DL YU, T LIN, MC MELIUS, CF TI CN RADICAL REACTIONS WITH HYDROGEN-CYANIDE AND CYANOGEN - COMPARISON OF THEORY AND EXPERIMENT SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Absolute rate constants were obtained for CN radical reactions with HCN and C2N2 employing the method of laser photolysis/laser induced fluorescence. The rate constants were found to be temperature dependent in the range 300-740 K and pressure independent in the range 100-600 Torr. The rates for CN + HCN may be described well, in units of cm3/s, by k(HCN) = 2.50 X 10(-17)T1.71 exp( - 770/T), which includes the shock tube results of Szekely et al. at 3000 K [Int. J. Chem. Kinetics 15, 1237 (1983) 1. The measured rates for CN + C2N2 may be described well by k(C2N2) = 2.19 X 10(-21)T2.70 exp( - 325/T). Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory calculations employing transition state parameters predicted by the BAC-MP4 method were able to account for the effects of temperature and pressure on both reactions. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP YANG, DL (reprint author), EMORY UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30322, USA. NR 16 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 222 EP 226 DI 10.1063/1.463945 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200027 ER PT J AU SUMPTER, BG GETINO, C NOID, DW AF SUMPTER, BG GETINO, C NOID, DW TI A NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF INTERNAL ENERGY-FLOW IN MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONALLY MEDIATED PHOTODISSOCIATION; PHOTOFRAGMENT VECTOR CORRELATIONS; OVERTONE-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; INTRAMOLECULAR DYNAMICS; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; CLASSICAL DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL SURFACE; CD OVERTONES; MODEL AB Neural networks are used to develop a new technique for efficient analysis of data obtained from molecular-dynamics calculations and is applied to the study of mode energy flow in molecular systems. The methodology is based on teaching an appropriate neural network the relationship between phase-space points along a classical trajectory and mode energies for stretch, bend, and torsion vibrations. Results are discussed for reactive and nonreactive classical trajectories of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on a semiempirical potential-energy surface. The neural-network approach is shown to produce reasonably accurate values for the mode energies, with average errors between 1% and 12%, and is applicable to any region within the 24-dimensional phase space of H2O2. In addition, the generic knowledge learned by the neural network allows calculations to be made for other molecular systems. Results are discussed for a series of tetratomic molecules: H2X2, X = C, N, O, Si, S, or Se, and preliminary results are given for energy flow predictions in macromolecules. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP SUMPTER, BG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 107 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 293 EP 306 DI 10.1063/1.463628 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200036 ER PT J AU EVANS, JW AF EVANS, JW TI KINETIC PHASE-DIAGRAMS FOR THE MONOMER DIMER SURFACE-REACTION - UNIFICATION OF MEAN-FIELD AND LATTICE GAS BEHAVIOR SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; REACTION MODEL; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; TRANSITIONS; OXIDATION; DIFFUSION; PLATINUM AB We provide a unified discussion of kinetic phase transitions for mean-field and lattice-gas treatments of the monomer-dimer surface reaction. For high surface mobilities, kinetics is typically well described by mean-field rate equations. These reveal bistability over a range of monomer adsorption rates which diminishes with increasing nonreactive monomer desorption rate d, and vanishes at some critical d = d(c). Relative stability in the bistable region is determined from the behavior of chemical waves corresponding to the displacement of one stable state by the other. Their evolution is determined via appropriate reaction-diffusion equations. Conventional diffusion terms are modified here to reflect the influence of the presence of one species on diffusion of the other. We determine equistability (i.e., discontinuous transition) points for d less-than-or-equal-to d(c), and thus construct a kinetic phase diagram including a spinodal line. For lower surface mobilities, analysis of lattice-gas models reveals qualitatively analogous behavior. The key difference is that for lower mobilities, spontaneous fluctuations are effective in automatically selecting the most stable state, i.e., in reducing metastability, and thus producing discontinuous transitions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT MATH, AMES, IA 50011 USA. MAX PLANCK GESELL, FRITZ HABER INST, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 38 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 572 EP 577 DI 10.1063/1.463552 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200067 ER PT J AU GROVER, JR HAGENOW, G WALTERS, EA AF GROVER, JR HAGENOW, G WALTERS, EA TI COMPLEXES OF OXYGEN WITH BENZENE AND HEXAFLUOROBENZENE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE COMPLEX; BEAM PHOTO-IONIZATION; VANDERWAALS COMPLEXES; DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; 2-PHOTON IONIZATION; GAS-PHASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; NEUTRAL DIMERS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE AB The complexes of C6H6.O2, (C6H6)2O2, and C6F6.O2 were studied by photoionization using synchrotron radiation. Dissociation energies were measured to be D0(C6H6.O2) = 1.6 +/- 0.3 kcal mol-1, D0 [ (C6H6.O2) +] = 3.4 +/- 0.3 kcal mol-1, D0 (C6F6.O2) = 2.1 +/- 0.4 kcal mol-1, and D0[(C6F6.O2)+] = 3.2 +/- 0.4 kcal mol-1. We calculate from the above that D298 (C6H6.O2) = 0.4 +/- 0.4 kcal mol-1, verifying that the benzene-oxygen interaction is only a "contact" at room temperature. The dissociation energies of the heterodimer ions are much smaller than those of the homodimer ions of their constituents [viz. 15, 11, and 7 kcal mol-1 for (C6H6)2+, (O2)2+, and (C6F6)2+] Sharp onsets were observed for C6H6.O2 --> (C6H6.O2)+ and C6F6.O2 --> (C6F6.O2)+, at 9.172 +/- 0.004 and 9.856 +/- 0.003 eV, respectively, measurements made possible by autoionization in the threshold region. Surprisingly, the heterodimer ion (C6H6.O2) + is formed essentially entirely from neutral C6H6.O2, with no contribution from fragmentation of larger clusters. Production of C6H6O+ and C6F6O+ from C6H6.O2 and C6F6.O2 could not be detected, but is easily observed from mixed trimers. The first onsets occur at 14.10 +/- 0.05 and 14.10 +/- 0.09 eV, respectively, and are markedly higher than the thresholds. A second onset for C6F6O+ occurs at 14.7-15.0 eV. In addition, dips are observed near 590 angstrom in the yield spectra for both C6H6O+ and C6F6O+, where the well-known window resonances of the oxygen (c4-SIGMA(u)-)3s-sigma(g) Rydberg states occur. Thus there is evidence for the participation of two different mechanisms. The former data are consistent with a mechanism in which the organic moiety is first photoionized to produce an excited ion that then dissociates the oxygen, where one of the oxygen atoms is captured by the ion. The latter data support a mechanism in which the O2 moiety is the chromophore, where O+, formed by predissociation of [O2+]* from autoionization of a Rydberg state, is captured by a benzene molecule. In either case, the product is born excited, and to be observed must be stabilized by excitation and ejection of the third component of the original trimer. C1 FREE UNIV BERLIN,INST PHYS & THEORET CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 33,GERMANY. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP GROVER, JR (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 92 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 628 EP 642 DI 10.1063/1.463559 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200073 ER PT J AU BUNTINE, MA CHANDLER, DW HAYDEN, CC AF BUNTINE, MA CHANDLER, DW HAYDEN, CC TI A 2-COLOR LASER-INDUCED GRATING TECHNIQUE FOR GAS-PHASE EXCITED-STATE SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID SELECTIVE VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; DOUBLE-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSIENT GAIN; H-2; OH; RELAXATION; FLAMES C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RI Buntine, Mark/B-6878-2009 OI Buntine, Mark/0000-0003-0525-2795 NR 40 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 1 BP 707 EP 710 DI 10.1063/1.463567 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JA792 UT WOS:A1992JA79200081 ER PT J AU NG, CY CHIU, SW LI, WK AF NG, CY CHIU, SW LI, WK TI AN ABINITIO MOLECULAR-ORBITAL STUDY OF THE METHYLTHIO AND MERCAPTOMETHYL RADICALS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH-S LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; CH3S; METHANETHIOL; PHOTOIONIZATION; FRAGMENTATION; KINETICS; 298-K; ATOMS AB By applying ab initio MO calculations the methylthio radical (I) is predicted to be more stable than its isomer the mercaptomethyl radical (II); in addition, the transition structures for the hydrogen scrambling in I, the inversion and internal rotation in II, and the rearrangement of II to I via a 1,2-hydrogen shift have also been determined and characterized. C1 CHINESE UNIV HONG KONG,DEPT CHEM,SHA TIN,HONG KONG. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV ILLINOIS,CTR BIOTECHNOL,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,NATL CTR SUPERCOMP APPLICAT,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0308-2342 J9 J CHEM RES-S JI J. Chem. Res.-S PD JUL PY 1992 IS 7 BP 230 EP 231 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JG188 UT WOS:A1992JG18800014 ER PT J AU SMITH, DH RECKLEY, JS JOHNSON, GK AF SMITH, DH RECKLEY, JS JOHNSON, GK TI EMULSION MIXTURES AND THE DISPERSION MORPHOLOGY DIAGRAM SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INVERSION C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,NORMAN,OK 73069. UNIV OKLAHOMA,INST APPL SURFACTANT RES,NORMAN,OK 73069. RP SMITH, DH (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26507, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 151 IS 2 BP 383 EP 391 DI 10.1016/0021-9797(92)90486-6 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA HZ189 UT WOS:A1992HZ18900007 ER PT J AU HEWETT, DW LARSON, DJ DOSS, S AF HEWETT, DW LARSON, DJ DOSS, S TI SOLUTION OF SIMULTANEOUS PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS USING DYNAMIC ADI - SOLUTION OF THE STREAMLINED DARWIN FIELD-EQUATIONS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA SIMULATION; REVERSED CONFIGURATIONS; CODE RP HEWETT, DW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 101 IS 1 BP 11 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0021-9991(92)90039-2 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA JF127 UT WOS:A1992JF12700002 ER PT J AU BRANDT, A YAVNEH, I AF BRANDT, A YAVNEH, I TI ON MULTIGRID SOLUTION OF HIGH-REYNOLDS INCOMPRESSIBLE ENTERING FLOWS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES & T7,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BRANDT, A (reprint author), WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT APPL MATH,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. NR 18 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 101 IS 1 BP 151 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0021-9991(92)90049-5 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA JF127 UT WOS:A1992JF12700012 ER PT J AU JAKSIC, MM KOMNENIC, VP AF JAKSIC, MM KOMNENIC, VP TI HYDRODYNAMIC EFFECTS ON THE MACROMORPHOLOGY OF ELECTRODEPOSITED ZINC AND FLOW VISUALIZATION - THE EFFECT OF NEUTRAL SALTS AND ELECTRIC-FIELD SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-TRANSFER; EFFECTIVE DIFFUSIVITIES; CHLORIDE SOLUTION; HALIDE SOLUTIONS; COMPLEXATION; ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT; KINETICS AB The macromorphological features of electrodeposited zinc that result from hydrodynamic flow conditions on a rotating-disk electrode (RDE) and along a flat-plate electrode (FPE) in a channel flow cell have been investigated as to the effect of neutral salts, their complexing contributions to the growing surface morphology and in particular their influence on the electric field otherwise counterbalancing the flow field. All complex hydrodynamic characteristics of the re-attaching flow and the presence of streamwise-directed counter-rotating Taylor vortices behind the critical region of the stagnation and separation are clearly outlined and marked by the macromorphology of three-dimensional relief imprints. The macromorphological features of relief equiangular spirals (RDE) and ridged striations (FPE) in zinc electrodeposition represent mainly the competition between the flow field and the electric field strength, and depend on the average current density, the rotation speed (RDE) or linear flow velocity (FPE), the deposition time, the ionic zinc content, the electrolyte composition, the pH value and the local hydrodynamic flow pattern. The counterbalancing effect of a rather more homogenized electric field on and in the vicinity of the electrode surface, as provided and maintained by higher neutral salt concentrations, in particular at low zinc contents, has been clearly outlined and resulted in more compact flatter deposits. The flow field contribution is strongly suppressed, but is not eliminated, so that the macromorphology of electrodeposited zinc is characterized by a proportionally lower number density of corrugated striations. The ridged spirals (RDE) and corrugated striations (FPE) still persist and grow in more compact, flatter deposits alternating with depression channels and exhibit some features characteristic of a more homogeneous electric field. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 328 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 151 DI 10.1016/0022-0728(92)80174-3 PG 25 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA JG931 UT WOS:A1992JG93100010 ER PT J AU LI, Z KRANER, HW AF LI, Z KRANER, HW TI FAST-NEUTRON RADIATION-DAMAGE EFFECTS ON HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON JUNCTION DETECTORS SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD WORKSHOP ON RADIATION-INDUCED AND/OR PROCESS-RELATED ELECTRICALLY ACTIVE DEFECTS IN SEMICONDUCTOR-INSULATOR SYSTEMS CY SEP 10-13, 1991 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC DE NEUTRON RADIATION DAMAGE; RADIATION DETECTOR; HIGH RESISTIVITY SILICON; FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT CAPACITANCE; DONOR REMOVAL AND OR COMPENSATION; TYPE-INVERSION; ELECTRICAL FIELD DISTRIBUTION ID CAPACITANCE; CENTERS AB P+-n--n+ silicon radiation detectors made of high resistivity Si material (rho greater-than-or-equal-to 2 k-OMEGA-cm) were irradiated to a neutron fluence of a few times of 10(13) n/cm2. Dependence of detector leakage current, reverse bias capacitance, and effective doping concentration of the Si substrate on the neutron fluence have been systematically studied. It has been found that the detector leakage current increases linearly with neutron fluence in the range studies, with a damage constant of alpha = 9 x 10(-17) A/cm (DELTA-I = alpha-V-DELTA-phi(n)), and the C-V characteristics of detectors irradiated to phi(n) > 10(12) n/cm2 become frequency dependent. Models using several defect levels in the band gap are proposed to describe the frequency dependent C-V effects and the electrical field profile after high neutron fluence irradiation. RP LI, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT,535-B,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 21 IS 7 BP 701 EP 705 DI 10.1007/BF02655599 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA JE292 UT WOS:A1992JE29200007 ER PT J AU KERSTEIN, AR AF KERSTEIN, AR TI LINEAR-EDDY MODELING OF TURBULENT TRANSPORT .7. FINITE-RATE CHEMISTRY AND MULTISTREAM MIXING SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID GRID TURBULENCE; MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; LAYER; VARIANCE; FIELDS AB The linear-eddy turbulent mixing model, formulated to capture the distinct influences of turbulent convection and molecular transport on turbulent mixing of diffusive scalars, is applied to two mixing configurations in homogeneous flow: a scalar mixing layer and a two-line-source configuration. Finite-rate second-order chemical reactions are considered, as well as the limits of fast reaction and frozen flow. Computed results are compared to measurements in a reacting-scalar mixing layer and in a two-line-source configuration involving passive-scalar mixing. For each configuration, the adjustment of a single model parameter related to the turbulence integral scale yields computed results in good agreement with a variety of measured quantities. The results are interpreted with reference to a simpler model, based solely on large-scale flapping effects, that reproduces many qualitative trends. For three-stream mixing with finite-rate chemistry, a novel dependence of the reactant correlation coefficient on the chemical reaction rate is predicted. RP KERSTEIN, AR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 23 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 240 BP 289 EP 313 DI 10.1017/S0022112092000107 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA JH345 UT WOS:A1992JH34500010 ER PT J AU CHEUNG, PY DUBOIS, DF FUKUCHI, T KAWAN, K ROSE, HA RUSSELL, D TANIKAWA, T WONG, AY AF CHEUNG, PY DUBOIS, DF FUKUCHI, T KAWAN, K ROSE, HA RUSSELL, D TANIKAWA, T WONG, AY TI INVESTIGATION OF STRONG LANGMUIR TURBULENCE IN IONOSPHERIC MODIFICATION SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PLASMA-WAVES; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; F-REGION; ARECIBO; ELECTRON; POWER; LINE; ENHANCEMENTS; FLUCTUATIONS AB Recent results in the search for strong Langmuir turbulence effects during ionospheric modification experiments performed at the Arecibo Observatory are presented. Indirect evidence of Langmuir wave collapse is obtained through the observation of theoretically predicted ''caviton-type'' enhanced plasma waves spectra using the 430 MHz incoherent radar at Arecibo. A typical spectrum consists of a ''free-mode'' peak with a frequency that is significantly higher than the heater frequency, and a broad ''caviton continuum'' with frequencies below the heater frequency. Free modes are freely propagating Langmuir waves radiated by collapsing cavitons during collapse. The generation and dynamics of these ''free modes'' will be discussed. Asymmetries between the frequency shifts and strengths of the upshifted and downshifted free-mode lines and their dependence on the time delay following the onset of heating are explained in terms of the radiation of free Langmuir modes by cavitons and the subsequent propagation of free modes down or up the density gradient. Experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions. Results on the transition of ''caviton-type'' plasma line spectra to the commonly observed ''decay-type'' spectra will also be presented. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LODESTAR RES INC,BOULDER,CO 80301. TOKAI UNIV,INST RES & DEV,HIRATSUKA,KANAGAWA 25912,JAPAN. RP CHEUNG, PY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 47 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS A7 BP 10575 EP 10600 DI 10.1029/92JA00645 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA JC484 UT WOS:A1992JC48400008 ER PT J AU HESSE, M BIRN, J AF HESSE, M BIRN, J TI MHD MODELING OF MAGNETOTAIL INSTABILITY FOR ANISOTROPIC PRESSURE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA SHEET; TEARING INSTABILITY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NEUTRAL SHEET; TAIL; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS AB Results of three-dimensional MHD simulations of magnetotail dynamics with anisotropic pressure are presented. The pressure tensor is assumed to be gyrotropic, satisfying a modified double adiabatic approximation including Ohmic heating. It is found that these constraints tend to stabilize the tail with respect to the resistive tearing instability. Including an increasing level of additional isotropization results in a gradual transition to the fast instability found in an isotropic model, which is discussed for comparison. Possible isotropization mechanisms yielding magnetotail instability are discussed also. The stabilizing anisotropies are found primarily in the plasma sheet boundary region. This fact indicates a possibly important role of isotropization mechanisms operating in this region in destabilizing the magnetotail and initiating a tearing instability without the necessity of changes in fluctuation levels in the neutral sheet. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, SPACE PLASMA PHYS GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS A7 BP 10643 EP 10654 DI 10.1029/92JA00793 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA JC484 UT WOS:A1992JC48400012 ER PT J AU LARSON, NR PARKS, GK AF LARSON, NR PARKS, GK TI MOTIONS OF PARTICLE MICROSTRUCTURES IN THE MAGNETOPAUSE BOUNDARY-LAYER SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; MAGNETOSPHERIC BOUNDARY; PLASMA OBSERVATIONS; ISEE-1 AB Particle flux data acquired by the ISEE 1 and 2 spacecraft reveal many order of magnitude changes within the magnetopause boundary layer that occur during less than 1/4 s of time. These changes define small-scale particle structures, or microstructures within the region, many of which are apparently inclusions of plasma from adjacent regions. Particle structures resolved by the high time resolution data include groups with periods as short as 0.375 s. An estimate is derived for the motion of the microstructures with respect to an oscillatory inner boundary for four afternoon sector boundary layer crossings by measuring interspacecraft time differences as the features propagate past the satellites. On average the microstructures move toward the tail of the magnetosphere in concert with the wavy large-scale inner boundary. Furthermore, the orientations of the edges of the structures maintain an aspect similar to that of the boundary. These characteristics are expected for magnetohydrodynamic plasma flows that generate vorticity due to velocity shear stresses. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, GEOPHYS PROGRAM AK-50, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PHYS, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RP LARSON, NR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS A7 BP 10733 EP 10749 DI 10.1029/92JA00496 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA JC484 UT WOS:A1992JC48400018 ER PT J AU SALEN, G SHEFER, S LIEN, NY NESS, GC TINT, GS SHORE, V AF SALEN, G SHEFER, S LIEN, NY NESS, GC TINT, GS SHORE, V TI SITOSTEROLEMIA SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID CHOLESTEROL-SYNTHESIS; BETA-SITOSTEROLEMIA; ABNORMAL PLASMA; PLANT STEROLS; BILE-ACIDS; XANTHOMATOSIS; METABOLISM; PATIENT; CHOLESTYRAMINE; PHYTOSTEROLEMIA C1 UNIV S FLORIDA,COLL MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,TAMPA,FL 33612. VET ADM MED CTR,E ORANGE,NJ 07019. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SALEN, G (reprint author), UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT MED,NEWARK,NJ 07103, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-17818]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26756, DK-18707] NR 45 TC 199 Z9 204 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 33 IS 7 BP 945 EP 955 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JD681 UT WOS:A1992JD68100001 PM 1431587 ER PT J AU ISHIDA, BY PAIGEN, B AF ISHIDA, BY PAIGEN, B TI SILVER-ENHANCED RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION ASSAY OF PLASMA APOLIPOPROTEINS SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE APOA-I; APOA-II; APOC; APOE; PLASMA APOLIPOPROTEINS; RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION ASSAY; IMMUNOASSAY; SILVER STAINING ID POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A-I; DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN-SERUM; DETECTING PROTEINS; AGAROSE GELS; QUANTITATION; STAIN; STANDARDIZATION AB Silver-staining of immunoprecipitates extends the sensitivity of the radial immunodiffusion assay by tenfold. This modification permits the quantification of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, C, and E at levels of 0.2-1.0 mg/dl in plasma samples at a sensitivity threshold of 10 ng. The silver-enhanced radial immunodiffusion method is readily adapted from the standard method, simple and inexpensive to perform, and does not require costly instrumentation. These advantages make the modified RID assay an attractive alternative to other forms of immunoassay. C1 JACKSON LAB,BAR HARBOR,ME 04609. RP ISHIDA, BY (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,1 CYCLOTRON RD,MS 74-157,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-32087] NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1073 EP 1078 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JD681 UT WOS:A1992JD68100013 PM 1279087 ER PT J AU SRINIVASAN, SR SCHWARZ, RB AF SRINIVASAN, SR SCHWARZ, RB TI ELASTIC-MODULI OF MOSI2-BASED MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID TEMPERATURE INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; MOSI2 AB We prepared MoSi2, two-phase MoSi2/Mo5Si3, and (Mo, W)Si2 solid-solution alloy powders by mechanically alloying mixtures of elemental molybdenum, silicon, and tungsten. These powders were consolidated by hot-pressing them at 1500-degrees-C in graphite dies. We measured the elastic moduli of these alloys by a recently developed technique for non-contact ultrasonic spectroscopy. Second-phase Mo5Si3 additions to MoSi2 result in decreased values for G and E, whereas alloying MoSi2 with WSi2 results in increased values for G and E. An analysis of these Young's moduli and of data from the literature for various intermetallic alloys suggests that for any given alloy system, the Young's moduli for its various intermetallics as a function of density fall on a straight line. Further, the lines for the different alloy systems are approximately parallel. RP SRINIVASAN, SR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MAIL STOP K765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1610 EP 1613 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1610 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100004 ER PT J AU YIN, E RUBIN, M DIXON, M AF YIN, E RUBIN, M DIXON, M TI SPUTTERED YBCO FILMS ON METAL SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Magnetron sputtering was used to deposit superconducting YBCO thin films on four polycrystalline metal substrates. Yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and silver were used a buffer layers. The thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate was apparently correlated to the properties of the superconductor. Auger depth profiles showed that the YSZ buffer blocked diffusion of most metal elements from the substrate. Nevertheless, contamination of the films depressed T(c) to 81 K on Hastelloy X from 87 K on single-crystal strontium titanate. The films on metal substrates were c-axis oriented, but with random rotation in the a-b plane and smaller grain size than epitaxial films on single crystals. The weak links from these factors restrict J(c) to 10(4) A/cm2 at 40 K. RP YIN, E (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1636 EP 1640 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1636 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100009 ER PT J AU FORK, DK GARRISON, SM HAWLEY, M GEBALLE, TH AF FORK, DK GARRISON, SM HAWLEY, M GEBALLE, TH TI EFFECTS OF HOMOEPITAXIAL SURFACES AND INTERFACE COMPOUNDS ON THE INPLANE EPITAXY OF YBCO FILMS ON YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS; PULSED LASER DEPOSITION; CU-O FILMS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SUBSTRATE; GROWTH; MGO; TEMPERATURE; ORIENTATION AB Control of the in-plane epitaxial alignment of c-axis YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) films on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates is necessary for achieving optimal transport properties. We have used pulsed laser deposition to grow homoepitaxial YSZ and heteroepitaxial CeO2 on YSZ single crystal substrates. This procedure dramatically improves the epitaxy of YBCO and reduces the number of low and high angle grain boundaries. We have also studied the effects of preparing the YSZ growth surface with approximately monolayer amounts Of CuO, Y2O3, BaO, and BaZrO3 to determine the effects these compositional variations have on the subsequent YBCO epitaxy. CuO, Y2O3, and BaZrO3 induce an in-plane crystallography of YBCO distinct from that initiated with BaO. Both homoepitaxy and monolayer depositions may be carried out in situ and are simple and effective for controlling the epitaxy and electrical properties of YBCO on YSZ. The effects of substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, and yttria content have also been studied. C1 XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. CONDUCTUS INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94086. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FORK, DK (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 42 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1641 EP 1651 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1641 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100010 ER PT J AU HOLESINGER, TG MILLER, DJ CHUMBLEY, LS AF HOLESINGER, TG MILLER, DJ CHUMBLEY, LS TI CRYSTALLIZATION OF BI-SR-CA-CU-O GLASSES IN OXYGEN SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MELT QUENCHING METHOD; THIN-FILMS; SYSTEM; CERAMICS; SUPERCONDUCTOR AB A detailed study of the crystallization process for compositions near Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Oy was undertaken using differential thermal analysis (DTA), transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Glasses prepared by a splat-quench technique were free of secondary phases in most cases. A two-step crystallization process in oxygen was observed in which partial crystallization of the glass occurs initially with the nucleation of "2201" and Cu2O, and is completed with the formation of SrO, CaO, and Bi2Sr3-xCaxOy. No specific thermal event could be associated with the formation of the "2212" phase. Rather, formation occurs via conversion of 2201 into 2212. This was a kinetically limited process at temperatures below 800-degrees-C as other phases were found to evolve in addition to the 2212 phase during extended anneals. In contrast, a nearly full conversion to the 2212 phase occurred after only 1 min of annealing at 800-degrees-C and above. However, changes in resistivity data, secondary phases, and the measured 2212 composition upon extended anneals at 865-degrees-C showed that considerably longer heat treatments were necessary for the sample to reach its equilibrium state. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR SCI & TECHNOL SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP HOLESINGER, TG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 25 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1658 EP 1671 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1658 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100012 ER PT J AU TUTTLE, BA HEADLEY, TJ BUNKER, BC SCHWARTZ, RW ZENDER, TJ HERNANDEZ, CL GOODNOW, DC TISSOT, RJ MICHAEL, J CARIM, AH AF TUTTLE, BA HEADLEY, TJ BUNKER, BC SCHWARTZ, RW ZENDER, TJ HERNANDEZ, CL GOODNOW, DC TISSOT, RJ MICHAEL, J CARIM, AH TI MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF PB(ZR, TI)O3 THIN-FILMS PREPARED BY HYBRID METALLOORGANIC DECOMPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB We report on the microstructural analyses of chemically prepared Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT 53/47) films. Although several techniques were used to analyze films, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was emphasized. Phase evolution of these films, fabricated using hybrid metallo-organic decomposition (HMD), was determined by processing films at temperatures ranging from 500-degrees-C to 650-degrees-C. Our films, when observed with an optical microscope, appeared to consist of two distinct phases: (1) a featureless matrix and (2) 1-2-mu-m diameter "rosettes". PZT films fired at 500-degrees-C consisted of a pyrochlore containing phase (featureless matrix) and contained no perovskite, whereas films fired at 600-degrees-C were ferroelectric and were approximately 90% perovskite (rosettes) by volume. Our TEM analysis showed that the pyrochlore-containing phase consisted of interpenetrating nanocrystalline pyrochlore and amorphous phases, both with dimensions on the order of 5 nm. For PZT films processed at 650-degrees-C, the perovskite phase was observed in two forms: (1) large (almost-equal-to 2-mu-m) rosette structures containing 30 nm pores and (2) dense equiaxed particles on the order of 100 nm. We propose that phase evolution-with increasing temperature of HMD PZT 53/47 films-consists of the following steps: (1) phase separation, probably occurring in solution, (2) pyrochlore crystallization, (3) heterogeneous nucleation of perovskite PZT, and (4) homogeneous nucleation of perovskite PZT. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,UNIV PK,PA 16802. RP TUTTLE, BA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1876 EP 1882 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1876 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100038 ER PT J AU BROW, RK OSBORNE, ZA KIRKPATRICK, RJ AF BROW, RK OSBORNE, ZA KIRKPATRICK, RJ TI A MULTINUCLEAR MAS NMR-STUDY OF THE SHORT-RANGE STRUCTURE OF FLUOROPHOSPHATE GLASS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUORINE; ALKALI AB We have examined the bonding arrangements in Na-P-O-F and Na-Al-P-O-F glasses using F-19, Al-27, and P-31 solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy. For the Al-free series of glasses, the F-19 NMR spectra are dominated by peaks near +90 ppm, representative of F terminating P-chains. The formation of these bonds has little effect on the P-31 chemical shifts, indicating that F preferentially replaces bridging oxygen on the phosphate tetrahedra, consistent with previous NMR studies of crystalline fluorophosphates and other spectroscopic studies of fluorophosphate glass. For the Na-Al-P-O-F glasses, Al-27 NMR detects only octahedral Al-sites, the F-19 NMR spectra include a second peak near -12 ppm due to F bonded to Al, and the P-31 NMR spectra contain signals due to Q1-sites with one or more Al next-nearest neighbors. The relative intensity of the two F-19 peaks correlates well with previous spectroscopic studies and shows that a greater fraction of F-P bonds forms when the base glass is remelted in NH4HF2. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT GEOL,URBANA,IL 61801. RP BROW, RK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV GLASS & CERAM SCI & TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1892 EP 1899 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1892 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100041 ER PT J AU LEE, EH RAO, GR MANSUR, LK AF LEE, EH RAO, GR MANSUR, LK TI IMPROVED HARDNESS AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF B-ION IMPLANTED POLYCARBONATE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID X-RAY RESISTS; RADIATION-CHEMISTRY; RECENT TRENDS; POLYMERS; FILMS AB Polycarbonate (Lexan) was implanted with 100 and 200 keV B+ ions to doses of 0.26, 0.78, and 2.6 x 10(15) ions/cm2 at room temperature (<100-degrees-C). Mechanical characterization of implanted materials was carried out by nanoindentation and sliding wear tests. The results showed that the hardness of implanted polycarbonate increased with increasing ion energy and dose, attaining hardness up to 3.2 GPa at a dose of 2.6 x 10(15) ions/cm2 for 200 keV ions, which is more than 10 times that of the unimplanted polymer. Wear properties were characterized using a reciprocating tribometer with nylon, brass, and SAE 52100 Cr-steel balls with 0.5 and 1 N normal forces for 10000 cycles. The wear mode varied widely as a function of ion energy, dose, wear ball type, and normal load. For given ion energy, load, and ball type conditions, there was an optimum dose that produced the greatest wear resistance and lowest friction coefficient. For polycarbonate implanted with 0.78 x 10(15) ions/cm2, the nylon ball produced no wear after 10000 cycles. Moreover, the overall friction coefficient was reduced by over 40% by implantation. The results suggest that the potential of ion-beam technology for improving polycarbonate is significant, and that surface-sensitive mechanical properties can be tailored to meet the requirements for applications demanding hardness, wear, and abrasion resistance. RP LEE, EH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1900 EP 1911 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1900 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100042 ER PT J AU RADOUSKY, HB AF RADOUSKY, HB TI A REVIEW OF THE SUPERCONDUCTING AND NORMAL STATE PROPERTIES OF Y1-XPRXBA2CU3O7 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ARTIFICIAL YBA2CU3O7/PRBA2CU3O7 SUPERLATTICES; SINGLE-PHASE Y1-XPRXBA2CU3O7-DELTA; MUON-SPIN RELAXATION; BA-CU-O; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC ORDER; YBA2CU3O7-X-PRBA2CU3O7-Y HETEROSTRUCTURES; YBA2CU3O7-X/PRBA2CU3O7-X SUPERLATTICES AB The properties of the Y1-xPrxBa2Cu3O7 (YPrBCO) system are reviewed. These include superconducting, normal state, structural, chemical, optical, magnetic, and thermal properties. The destruction of superconductivity with Pr doping is discussed in view of possible models such as hole filling, localization, magnetic pair-breaking, and the role of hybridization. Applications to electronic devices using YBCO/PrBCO/YBCO multilayers are also reviewed. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP RADOUSKY, HB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 169 TC 437 Z9 438 U1 16 U2 78 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1917 EP 1955 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1917 PG 39 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100044 ER PT J AU ZEUCH, DH AF ZEUCH, DH TI PLASTIC-DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR OF A FE-MODIFIED AL3TI-BASE L12 INTERMETALLIC ALLOY - THE IMPORTANCE OF SPECIMEN LENGTH-TO-WIDTH RATIOS AND END CONSTRAINTS IN COMPRESSION TESTING OF BRITTLE AND SEMIBRITTLE MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Note AB Specimen length-to-diameter ratios and specimen/platen end conditions are important to interpretation of, and comparisons between, uniaxial compression tests on brittle materials. When differing l:d ratios and specimen/platen end conditions are used to test pressure-sensitive materials, observations may not be readily comparable owing to the different and nonuniform triaxial stress states. Specimens of brittle Fe- and Ni-modified Al3Ti intermetallic alloys having relatively low and different l:d ratios were tested in compression by Gengxiang et al. and Turner et al., respectively. Qualitative observations on the macroscopic deformation and failure modes (shear failure and distributed microcracking) indicate that the alloys are pressure-sensitive and that the results were possibly complicated in differing degrees by test configuration. Thus, direct comparison of these results with those obtained earlier for Al3Ti by Yamaguchi et al., who used a significantly greater l:d ratio, may not be altogether useful. Approaches to minimizing end effects are reviewed. RP ZEUCH, DH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV GEOMECH 6232,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1956 EP 1959 DI 10.1557/JMR.1992.1956 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JD171 UT WOS:A1992JD17100045 ER PT J AU DUNBAR, SR DOUGLASS, RW CAMP, WJ AF DUNBAR, SR DOUGLASS, RW CAMP, WJ TI THE DIVIDER DIMENSION OF THE GRAPH OF A FUNCTION SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 EG&G IDAHO INC,COMPUTAT FLUID DYNAM,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT MATH & COMPUTAT SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP DUNBAR, SR (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT MATH & STAT,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-247X J9 J MATH ANAL APPL JI J. Math. Anal. Appl. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 167 IS 2 BP 403 EP 413 DI 10.1016/0022-247X(92)90215-Y PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA JB302 UT WOS:A1992JB30200009 ER PT J AU GOZALO, A DAGLE, GE MONTOYA, E WELLER, RE MALAGA, CA AF GOZALO, A DAGLE, GE MONTOYA, E WELLER, RE MALAGA, CA TI SPONTANEOUS CARDIOMYOPATHY AND NEPHROPATHY IN THE OWL MONKEY (AOTUS SP) IN CAPTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Note DE CARDIAC DISEASE; NEPHROPATHY; NIGHT MONKEY; CEBIDAE ID TRIVIRGATUS AB Clinical and pathologic data were reviewed for 72 owl monkeys that died between January 1987 and May 1990 at the Center for Reproduction and Conservation of Nonhuman Primates in Iquitos, Peru. Tissue samples from 39 animals were examined. Hypertrophic cardiac disease (51% of animals examined), dilative cardiomyopathy (26%), and nephropathy (87%) were the most common diagnoses. The incidence of all three diseases appeared to increase with time in captivity. Nephropathy was less severe in colony-born animals. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP GOZALO, A (reprint author), UNIV NACL MAYOR SAN MARCOS, INST VET INVEST TROP & ALTURA, IQUITOS, PERU. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 21 IS 5 BP 279 EP 284 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA JP875 UT WOS:A1992JP87500009 PM 1404337 ER PT J AU MILLER, DG RARD, JA AF MILLER, DG RARD, JA TI GENERALIZED ISOTHERMAL TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS OF ZNCL2-H2O AT 25-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS; VELOCITY CORRELATION-COEFFICIENTS; MUTUAL DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; TRANSFERENCE DATA; SELF-DIFFUSION; ZINC-CHLORIDE; CONCENTRATED-SOLUTIONS; CONDUCTANCE; WATER; PERCHLORATE AB Existing transport data for aqueous ZnCl2 at 25-degrees-C have been critically reviewed from 0 to 5 molar. These data, together with previously reviewed activity data, have been used to calculate three sets of generalized transport coefficients: the solvent-fixed ionic Onsager coefficients l(ij)/N; the Friedman distinct diffusion coefficients D(ij)d; and the Hertz velocity correlation coefficients f(ij). These coefficients for ZnCl2 are contrasted with the analogous coefficients for aqueous MgCl2, a model strong electrolyte. Although also known from other evidence, all three sets indicate very clearly that ZnCl2 behaves as a strong electrolyte to about 0.1 molar. Cation-anion interactions then rapidly become very large, whir-h corresponds to strong Zn-Cl complexing. There are puzzling aspects of the interpretation of the D(ij)d and the f(ij); the l(ij)/N seem more intuitively understandable. RP MILLER, DG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7322 J9 J MOL LIQ JI J. Mol. Liq. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 52 BP 145 EP 179 DI 10.1016/0167-7322(92)80102-N PG 35 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JE526 UT WOS:A1992JE52600011 ER PT J AU DESHPANDE, R HUA, DW SMITH, DM BRINKER, CJ AF DESHPANDE, R HUA, DW SMITH, DM BRINKER, CJ TI PORE STRUCTURE EVOLUTION IN SILICA-GEL DURING AGING DRYING .3. EFFECTS OF SURFACE-TENSION SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB A two-step acid/base-catalyzed silica gel has been aged in alcohol and water baths followed by various aprotic solvents with a wide range of surface tensions. Low temperature (CO2) and high temperature (ethanol) aerogels were also prepared. The physical and chemical structures of gels dried from aprotic solvents were studied by a series of techniques (Si-29 MAS-NMR, nitrogen adsorption, SAXS, elemental analysis, TGA). The aprotic solvents isolated the effects of pore fluid surface tension during drying since they do not participate in condensation and other reactions. For aprotic solvents, a linear decrease in xerogel surface area was observed with increasing surface tension. Pore volume and pore size distribution followed a similar trend. Depending upon whether the gel had been washed in ethanol or water prior to the aprotic solvent, the final pore volume was changed significantly for a given surface tension. This indicates that both surface area and pore volume may be independently controlled. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 1846,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP SMITH, DM (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,NSF CTR MICROENGN CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 17 TC 102 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL PY 1992 VL 144 IS 1 BP 32 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(05)80380-1 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JF946 UT WOS:A1992JF94600004 ER PT J AU DEBSIKDAR, JC AF DEBSIKDAR, JC TI GEL TO GLASS CONVERSION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF ALKOXY-DERIVED BARIUM ALUMINOSILICATE GEL SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID CARBONATE; KAOLIN AB Barium aluminosilicate (BaAl2Si2O8) gel was prepared by hydrolyzing mixed alkoxide precursors. Differential thermal (DTA) and thermal gravimetric (TGA) analyses of the oven-dried (at 70-degrees-C) gel were performed to examine its thermal and weight-loss characteristics, respectively. Thermal conversion of the gel into 'BaAl2Si2O8 glass' and its subsequent crystallization were monitored by studying the changes of specific surface area (BET method) and microstructural features (by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) and by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results indicated that BaAl2Si2O8 glass can be produced at approximately 1000-degrees-C by the sol-gel process. Studies also showed that gel-derived BaAl2SiO8 glass crystallizes into hexacelsian phase in the approximately 1000-1020-degrees-C range. However, when 800-degrees-C heated organic-free gel is mixed with 5 wt% lithium oxide (Li2O), it Crystallizes into the (monoclinic) celsian phase at the same temperature (1000-1020-degrees-C). C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 14 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL PY 1992 VL 144 IS 2-3 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(05)80410-7 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JH799 UT WOS:A1992JH79900019 ER PT J AU GARNER, FA BATES, JF MITCHELL, MA AF GARNER, FA BATES, JF MITCHELL, MA TI THE STRONG INFLUENCE OF TEMPER ANNEALING CONDITIONS ON THE NEUTRON-INDUCED SWELLING OF COLD-WORKED AUSTENITIC STEELS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; ALLOYS; DEPENDENCE; PHOSPHORUS; CREEP; CR AB Although cold-working is known to strongly influence neutron-induced swelling of austenitic stainless steels, it also appears that the annealing temperature employed before cold-working has an equally large effect. Two irradiation studies conducted on AISI 316 stainless steel indicate that increasing the temperature of the intermediate temper anneal leads in general to a shortening of the transient regime of swelling. The evidence is consistent with the influence of both annealing temperature and irradiation temperature on carbide formation and its subsequent influence on the microchemical evolution and swelling of the steel. C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT NUCL ENGN, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. RP GARNER, FA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 189 IS 2 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(92)90533-Q PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JJ421 UT WOS:A1992JJ42100006 ER PT J AU AXLER, KM ROOF, RB FOLTYN, EM AF AXLER, KM ROOF, RB FOLTYN, EM TI STRUCTURAL EXAMINATION OF K2PUCL5 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Letter RP AXLER, KM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NUCL MAT TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 189 IS 2 BP 231 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(92)90538-V PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JJ421 UT WOS:A1992JJ42100011 ER PT J AU WIELOPOLSKI, L ZAINO, EC AF WIELOPOLSKI, L ZAINO, EC TI NONINVASIVE INVIVO MEASUREMENT OF HEPATIC AND CARDIAC IRON SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-RESONANCE SCATTERING; THALASSEMIA; STORES AB This study describes a new noninvasive in-vivo method of apprising human iron stores by nuclear resonance scattering (NRS). Manganese-56 is used as a source of 847 keV gamma rays which scatter resonantly from the iron in the liver and heart of patients with Cooley's anemia (thalassemia major). These patients have heavy iron overload that may lead to cardiac and other organ failure. The NRS iron quantitation of the liver compared favorably, in a linear fashion, with the iron in the liver biopsies. Above initial value, the hepatic iron correlates with the cardiac NRS signal. There is no correlation, however, between liver enzymes and degree of iron load. NRS appears to be a reliable method for measuring cardiac and hepatic iron. It may be repeated as needed to determine the effectiveness, selectivity and compliance to therapy and prognosis. C1 MERCY HOSP,ROCKVILLE CTR,NY. RP WIELOPOLSKI, L (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RADIAT THERAPY FACIL,BLDG 490,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1278 EP 1282 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JB807 UT WOS:A1992JB80700008 PM 1613565 ER PT J AU NILSEN, J CORNILLE, M DUBAU, J BELYDUBAU, F FAUCHER, P IVANOV, IA SAFRONOVA, UI AF NILSEN, J CORNILLE, M DUBAU, J BELYDUBAU, F FAUCHER, P IVANOV, IA SAFRONOVA, UI TI Z-DEPENDENCES OF THE ENERGY-LEVELS AND AUTOIONIZATION RATES FOR 2141' STATES OF 2 ELECTRON-SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; COLLISION CROSS-SECTIONS; IONS AB Three different calculational methods (AUTOLSJ, MZ, MCDF) are used to obtain energy levels and autoionization rates for doubly-excited states 2141' of two electron systems (10 less-than-or-equal-to Z less-than-or-equal-to 42). By ordering all the states by energy within each block of a given angular momentum J and parity, it becomes possible to compare energy levels and autoionization rates obtained by the three methods. The Z dependences of the quantities are investigated for each calculational method for 10 less-than-or-equal-to Z less-than-or-equal-to 42. The final comparison reveals rather good agreement between the results obtained by the three methods. C1 OBSERV PARIS,DARC,CNRS,UPR 176,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. OBSERV NICE,CNRS,URA 1326,F-06003 NICE,FRANCE. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST SPECTROSCOPY,TROICK 142092,USSR. RP NILSEN, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Ivanov, Igor/F-8462-2014 NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 48 IS 1 BP 61 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0022-4073(92)90007-Q PG 18 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA JC889 UT WOS:A1992JC88900006 ER PT J AU LOVELAND, W ALEKLETT, K LILJENZIN, JO SEABORG, GT AF LOVELAND, W ALEKLETT, K LILJENZIN, JO SEABORG, GT TI THE USE OF RADIOANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES TO STUDY INTERMEDIATE ENERGY, RELATIVISTIC, AND ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ( MARC-II ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC, US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, US EPA, UNIV HAWAII ID MULTIFRAGMENTATION PRODUCTS; MECHANISMS; AU-197 AB The use of radioanalytical techniques to study heavy ion induced nuclear reactions offers some distinct advantages over conventional physical techniques. Among these are (a) unit Z and A resultion in detecting the reaction products (b) high sensitivity for low probability events (c) lack of low energy thresholds or cutoffs in measuring reactcion product energy spectra (d) economical use of accelerator time and (e) simple, portable experimental apparatus allowing broad survey measurements of reaction mechanisms at a variety of nuclear particle accelerators. We describe examples of these advantages from our research in nuclear chemistry. C1 STUDSVIK NEUTRON RES LAB,NYKOPING,SWEDEN. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT NUCL CHEM,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP LOVELAND, W (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 1 BP 181 EP 189 DI 10.1007/BF02041668 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JF677 UT WOS:A1992JF67700018 ER PT J AU ARTHUR, RJ REEVES, JH AF ARTHUR, RJ REEVES, JH TI METHODS FOR ACHIEVING ULTRA-LOW BACKGROUNDS IN ABOVEGROUND GERMANIUM DETECTOR SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC ID COSMIC-RAY ANTICOINCIDENCE; SPECTROMETERS AB The authors have previously shown how to achieve a 40-fold reduction in system background for above-ground germanium detectors. Such systems are generally sufficient for examining small hydrogenous samples or samples of non-hydrogenous materials such as soil, glass, metals, etc. However, samples with a large hydrogen content yield a seriously degraded background due to a number of neutron-induced interactions, such as Compton scatter following hydrogen capture of thermalized neutrons. A study was performed to better understand the sources of thermal neutron flux in above-ground detector systems. The effects of different quantities of hydrogen in the sample were also examined. Methods are presented for additional lowering of system background for both hydrogenous and non-hydrogenous samples. RP ARTHUR, RJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1007/BF02037105 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200001 ER PT J AU GUNNINK, R PRINDLE, AL AF GUNNINK, R PRINDLE, AL TI NONCONVENTIONAL METHODS FOR ACCURATELY CALIBRATING GERMANIUM DETECTORS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC AB We have developed two nonconventional but complementary methods whereby the detector efficiency of a coaxial germanium detector can be determined within an accuracy of a few percent for the energy region from 0.05 to 4.0 MeV without using conventional radioactive standards. RP GUNNINK, R (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB L-233,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 305 EP 314 DI 10.1007/BF02037106 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200002 ER PT J AU TURLER, A GAGGELER, HW GREGORICH, KE BARTH, H BRUCHLE, W CZERWINSKI, KR GOBER, MK HANNINK, NJ HENDERSON, RA HOFFMAN, DC JOST, DT KACHER, CD KADKHODAYAN, B KOVACS, J KRATZ, JV KREEK, SA LEE, DM LEYBA, JD NURMIA, MJ SCHADEL, M SCHERER, UW SCHIMPF VERMEULEN, D WEBER, A ZIMMERMANN, HP ZVARA, I AF TURLER, A GAGGELER, HW GREGORICH, KE BARTH, H BRUCHLE, W CZERWINSKI, KR GOBER, MK HANNINK, NJ HENDERSON, RA HOFFMAN, DC JOST, DT KACHER, CD KADKHODAYAN, B KOVACS, J KRATZ, JV KREEK, SA LEE, DM LEYBA, JD NURMIA, MJ SCHADEL, M SCHERER, UW SCHIMPF VERMEULEN, D WEBER, A ZIMMERMANN, HP ZVARA, I TI GAS-PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY OF HALIDES OF ELEMENT-104 AND ELEMENT-105 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC ID P-ELEMENT; KURCHATOVIUM; CHEMISTRY; ATOMS AB On-line isothermal gas phase chromatography was used to study halides of (261)104 (T1/2 = 65 s) and (262,263)105 (T1/2 = 34 s and 27 s) produced an atom-at-a time via the reactions Cm-248(O-18, 5n) and Bk-249(O-18, 5n, 4n), respectively. Using HBr and HCl gas as halogenating agents, we were able to produce volatile bromides and chlorides of the above mentioned elements and study their behavior compared to their lighter homologs in Groups 4 or 5 of the periodic table. Element 104 formed more volatile bromides than its homolog Hf. In contrast, element 105 bromides were found to be less volatile than the bromides of the group 5 elements Nb and Ta. Both 104 and Hf chlorides were observed to be more volatile than their respective bromides. C1 PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. DUBNA JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 141980,USSR. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MAINZ,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,W-3550 MARBURG,GERMANY. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH GMBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT 11,GERMANY. RP TURLER, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Turler, Andreas/D-3913-2014 OI Turler, Andreas/0000-0002-4274-1056 NR 33 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 327 EP 339 DI 10.1007/BF02037108 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200004 ER PT J AU SMITH, MR WYSE, EJ KOPPENAAL, DW AF SMITH, MR WYSE, EJ KOPPENAAL, DW TI RADIONUCLIDE DETECTION BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY - A COMPARISON OF ATOMIC AND RADIATION DETECTION METHODS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC AB Radionuclide detection by mass spectrometric techniques offers inherent advantages over conventional radiation detection methods. Since radionuclides decay at variable rates (half-lives) and via various nuclear transformations (i.e. emission of alpha-, beta-, and/or gamma-radiation) their determination via radiation detection depends not only on decay systematics but also on detector technology. Radionuclide detection by direct atom measurement, however, is dependent only on technique sensitivity and is indifferent to decay mode. Evaluation of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) indicates this method to be superior to conventional radiation detection techniques for many radionuclides. This work discusses factors which influence detection by both methods. Illustrative applications of ICP/MS to the ultra-trace determination of several radionuclides, including 1291, are presented. RP SMITH, MR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MS P8-08,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 341 EP 554 DI 10.1007/BF02037109 PG 214 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200005 ER PT J AU BRODZINSKI, RL MILEY, HS REEVES, JH AVIGNONE, FT AF BRODZINSKI, RL MILEY, HS REEVES, JH AVIGNONE, FT TI LOW-BACKGROUND GERMANIUM SPECTROMETRY - THE BOTTOM LINE SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER; DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; GE-76 AB A summary of sources of background affecting gamma-ray spectrometers and methods for eliminating each are discussed, along with practical cost/benefit ratios. Background contributed by samples generally defines practical levels for system background. The practical bottom line can be obtained for relatively modest costs. A realistic bottom line is attained in underground systems when the major contributions to the background come from cosmogenically produced Ge-68 and double-beta decay of Ge-76 in the detector. The true bottom line is reached with isotopically enriched detectors that eliminate these two chemically inseparable radioactive impurities. Data from isotopically enriched detectors are presented. C1 UNIV S CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. RP BRODZINSKI, RL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 355 EP 362 DI 10.1007/BF02037110 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200006 ER PT J AU MILEY, HS BRODZINSKI, RL REEVES, JH AF MILEY, HS BRODZINSKI, RL REEVES, JH TI LOW-BACKGROUND COUNTING SYSTEMS COMPARED SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC ID DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; GE-76 AB A comparison of special low-background germanium counting systems used at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory will be presented. These vary from specially modified instruments in the laboratory to low-cosmic-exposure detectors operated deep underground. The underground detectors have copper cryostats completely electro formed from low-background copper. Electroforming is a process analogous to zone refining in its ability to remove chemical impurities. Shielding techniques and their merit are compared as to difficulty and benefit. Active cosmic veto is directly compared to passive overburden shielding. Special attention is paid to cosmic activation of the cryostat and the germanium crystal itself. RP MILEY, HS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 7 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 371 EP 385 DI 10.1007/BF02037112 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200008 ER PT J AU CASTANEDA, CM GEARHART, R SANII, B ENGLERT, PAJ DRAKE, DM REEDY, RC AF CASTANEDA, CM GEARHART, R SANII, B ENGLERT, PAJ DRAKE, DM REEDY, RC TI GAMMA-RAY PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION FROM ENERGETIC NEUTRON INELASTIC-SCATTERING FOR METHODICAL IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANETARY GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TOPICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOC AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, ( MARC-2 ) CY APR 21-27, 1991 CL KONA, HI SP AMER NUCL SOC AB Planetary gamma-ray spectroscopy can be used to chemically analyze the top soil from planets in future planetary missions. The production from inelastic neutron interaction plays an effective role in the determination on the C and H at the surface. The gamma-ray production cross section from the strongest lines excited in the neutron bombardment of Fe have been measured by the use of a time analyzed quasi-mono-energetic neutron beam and a high purity germanium detector. The results from En = 6.5, 32, 43, and 65 MeV are presented. C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CASTANEDA, CM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,CROCKER NUCL LAB,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. OI Reedy, Robert/0000-0002-2189-1303 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 2 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1007/BF02037113 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JK042 UT WOS:A1992JK04200009 ER PT J AU HINATSU, Y FUJINO, T EDELSTEIN, N AF HINATSU, Y FUJINO, T EDELSTEIN, N TI STUDIES ON MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY, ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE, AND ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM OF LI3UO4, AN OCTAHEDRAL U5+ COMPOUND WITH A SMALL TETRAGONAL DISTORTION SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPIN RESONANCE; MIXED OXIDES C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HINATSU, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT CHEM,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 99 IS 1 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1016/0022-4596(92)90293-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JA179 UT WOS:A1992JA17900012 ER PT J AU SMITH, MG GOODENOUGH, JB MANTHIRAM, A TAYLOR, RD OESTERREICHER, H AF SMITH, MG GOODENOUGH, JB MANTHIRAM, A TAYLOR, RD OESTERREICHER, H TI CO CLUSTER FORMATION AT REDUCED TEMPERATURES IN MICRODOPED Y1-ZCAZBA2CU3O6+Y(CO-57) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; EMISSION MOSSBAUER; OXYGEN; STOICHIOMETRY; YBA2CU3O7-X; COPPER; OXIDES; IRON C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM B017,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP SMITH, MG (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,CTR MAT SCI & ENGN,ETC 9-104,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. OI Goodenough, John Bannister/0000-0001-9350-3034 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 99 IS 1 BP 140 EP 148 DI 10.1016/0022-4596(92)90298-A PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA JA179 UT WOS:A1992JA17900017 ER PT J AU YOUNG, DT BARRACLOUGH, BL MCCOMAS, DJ THOMSEN, MF MCCABE, K VIGIL, R AF YOUNG, DT BARRACLOUGH, BL MCCOMAS, DJ THOMSEN, MF MCCABE, K VIGIL, R TI CRRES LOW-ENERGY MAGNETOSPHERIC ION COMPOSITION SENSOR SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Note C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,SPACE PLASMA PHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,SPACE INSTRUMENTAT GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP YOUNG, DT (reprint author), SW RES INST,DEPT SPACE SCI,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & SPACE RES,PO DRAWER 28510,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78228, USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 596 EP 598 DI 10.2514/3.25505 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA JK341 UT WOS:A1992JK34100029 ER PT J AU HERNANDEZ, JE ZIOLKOWSKI, RW PARKER, SR AF HERNANDEZ, JE ZIOLKOWSKI, RW PARKER, SR TI SYNTHESIS OF THE DRIVING FUNCTIONS OF AN ARRAY FOR PROPAGATING LOCALIZED WAVE ENERGY SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION AB This paper presents a framework for designing the driving functions of an array of radiating elements given a scalar representation of the desired propagating field at a finite number of remote spatial locations. Based on a point source propagation model in a homogeneous media, the relationship between the driving functions and the resulting field leads to a system of linear equations in the frequency domain. A least-squares solution to the inverse problem is obtained by solving the system of linear equations for the unknown array driving functions. The proposed framework is suitable for designing array driving functions that could be used to generate "source-free" (homogeneous) solutions to the wave equation. This paper focuses on the use of the proposed technique for calculating array driving functions for generating localized wave energy, Two cases are discussed; one based on a source-free solution to the wave equation, and the other based on a numerical traveling impulse function. The results are compared to the beam generated by driving the array uniformly with a continuous-wave (cw) signal. RP HERNANDEZ, JE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808 L-156,LIVERMORE,CA 94450, USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 92 IS 1 BP 550 EP 562 DI 10.1121/1.404264 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA JD134 UT WOS:A1992JD13400052 ER PT J AU MARTIN, MHE OBER, CK HUBBARD, CR PORTER, WD CAVIN, OB AF MARTIN, MHE OBER, CK HUBBARD, CR PORTER, WD CAVIN, OB TI POLY(METHACRYLATE) PRECURSORS TO FORSTERITE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 93RD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOC CY APR 30, 1991 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP AMER CERAM SOC DE POLYMERS; PRECURSORS; FORSTERITE; POLYACRYLATE; X-RAY DIFFRACTION ID CHROMIUM-DOPED FORSTERITE; POLYMER; POWDERS AB A novel polymer precursor method for the preparation of silicates including enstatite-free forsterite is being investigated. Precursors to crystalline materials were prepared via the copolymerization of the K and/or Mg salts of methacrylic acid with various combinations of a siloxane-methacrylate and a methoxysilyl-methacrylate Thermogravimetric/differential thermal, pyrolysis mass spectrometry, and high-temperature X-ray diffraction analyses were used to monitor the conversion of the precursors to inorganic oxide during air pyrolysis. Some precursors to crystalline oxides showed yields as high as 77% of theoretical. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP MARTIN, MHE (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1831 EP 1838 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb07204.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA JE283 UT WOS:A1992JE28300017 ER PT J AU MAYA, L AF MAYA, L TI PLASMA-ENHANCED CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION OF BORON-NITRIDE USING POLYMERIC CYANOBORANE AS SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of boron nitride films was studied using polymeric cyanoborane, (CNBH2)n, a material previously examined by thermally activated CVD. The PECVD procedure yields boron nitride coatings containing almost-equal-to 20 wt% paracyanogen as a contaminant. This impurity can be removed by heat treatment under vacuum or in an ammonia atmosphere. The boron nitride coatings are hexagonal and appear to be boron deficient. The PECVD process takes place at 300-degrees-C, measured at the backside of the substrate, as compared with 600-degrees-C in the thermally activated CVD process. RP MAYA, L (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1985 EP 1987 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb07229.x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA JE283 UT WOS:A1992JE28300042 ER PT J AU WENT, MS REIMER, JA AF WENT, MS REIMER, JA TI MAGNETIC-RESONANCE STUDIES OF AMMONIA ADSORPTION AND DECOMPOSITION ON TITANIA-SUPPORTED VANADIA CATALYSTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-QUANTUM DYNAMICS; SOLID-STATE NMR; OXIDE CATALYSTS; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; FT-IR; SPECTROSCOPY; ANATASE; NH3; NO AB In-situ proton and deuteron single-resonance NMR techniques were used to study the adsorption and decomposition of ammonia as a function of temperature on a series of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts with the weight loading of vanadia ranging from 0 to 6.1 wt % (approximately one monolayer). After analysis of magnetic resonance line shapes, several different molecular species were found to be present on the catalyst surfaces. At low adsorption temperatures on the low-loading samples, the predominant adsorbed species was intact, coordinated ammonia rotating about its C3 axis. As the weight loading or adsorption temperature was increased, the adsorbed, intact ammonia exhibited an increased H-N-H angle; the total number of protons associated with intact ammonia per gram of sample decreased. At the point where intact ammonia was no longer observed, a new species was observed and assigned to NH2 moieties. On all samples, ammonium ions were observed at low adsorption temperatures (100-degrees-C) but were found to be easily removed by heating. Their concentration was greater on the higher weight loading samples. The formation of short-lived VOH groups from the protons of dissociated NH3 was inferred on the higher weight loading samples. Multiple-quantum spin-counting experiments were done to further investigate the nature of the adsorbed species and their groupings on the surfaces. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 14 BP 5768 EP 5775 DI 10.1021/ja00040a044 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JB980 UT WOS:A1992JB98000044 ER PT J AU SIGGEL, MRF THOMAS, TD AF SIGGEL, MRF THOMAS, TD TI THE ANOMALOUS GAS-PHASE ACIDITY OF FORMIC-ACID - IMPORTANCE OF INITIAL-STATE POLARIZATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; CORE-IONIZATION ENERGIES; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; ALCOHOLS; AFFINITIES; MOLECULES AB In the gas phase, carboxylic acids generally become stronger acids (DELTA-H-degrees(acid) decreases) as the size of the alkyl group increases. The acidity of formic acid is anomalous; it is a stronger acid (smaller DELTA-H-degrees(acid)) than acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. From comparisons of gas-phase acidities with core-ionization energies, and from ab initio electronic structure calculations, it is shown that this anomaly arises because replacement of hydrogen by an alkyl group in a carboxylic acid gives rise to an unusually high change in the potential at the acidic proton in the neutral acid and a smaller change in the relaxation that occurs when the proton is removed. Analysis of the charge distributions in these molecules (obtained from Integrated Bader Populations) shows that there is a significant charge transfer from the alkyl group to the carboxy group-especially to the carboxy carbon. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. OREGON STATE UNIV,CTR ADV MAT RES,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 14 BP 5795 EP 5800 DI 10.1021/ja00040a047 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JB980 UT WOS:A1992JB98000047 ER PT J AU WEISSHAAR, DE LAMP, BD PORTER, MD AF WEISSHAAR, DE LAMP, BD PORTER, MD TI THERMODYNAMICALLY CONTROLLED ELECTROCHEMICAL FORMATION OF THIOLATE MONOLAYERS AT GOLD - CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARISON TO SELF-ASSEMBLED ANALOGS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; ORGANIC-SURFACES C1 US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 12 TC 227 Z9 230 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 14 BP 5860 EP 5862 DI 10.1021/ja00040a058 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JB980 UT WOS:A1992JB98000058 ER PT J AU WINGER, BE LIGHTWAHL, KJ ROCKWOOD, AL SMITH, RD AF WINGER, BE LIGHTWAHL, KJ ROCKWOOD, AL SMITH, RD TI PROBING QUALITATIVE CONFORMATION DIFFERENCES OF MULTIPLY PROTONATED GAS-PHASE PROTEINS VIA H/D ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE WITH D2O SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 20 TC 166 Z9 166 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 14 BP 5897 EP 5898 DI 10.1021/ja00040a084 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JB980 UT WOS:A1992JB98000084 ER PT J AU HART, KJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL AF HART, KJ MCLUCKEY, SA GLISH, GL TI REACTION OF ANALYTE IONS WITH NEUTRAL CHEMICAL IONIZATION GAS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETER; SPECTRA AB Ion-molecule reactions of neutral methane with analyte ions under normal methane chemical ionization conditions are discussed. Reactant ions can be generated by direct electron ionization (EI) fragmentation, chemical ionization (CI) fragmentation, or collision-induced dissociation (CID). Examples in which products of such reactions appear in mass spectra in both conventional CI sources in "beam" instruments and low pressure CI in a quadrupole ion trap are presented. Also shown is an example in which MS/MS product ions react with neutral methane used for CI in an ion trap. It is shown that it is relatively straightforward to recognize such reactions in a quadrupole ion trap and in certain cases to minimize or preclude them. Effects of various operating parameters have been investigated and are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 3 IS 5 BP 549 EP 557 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(92)85032-F PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JB461 UT WOS:A1992JB46100009 PM 24234498 ER PT J AU DOEFF, MM VISCO, SJ DEJONGHE, LC AF DOEFF, MM VISCO, SJ DEJONGHE, LC TI THIN-FILM RECHARGEABLE ROOM-TEMPERATURE BATTERIES USING SOLID REDOX POLYMERIZATION ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTES; CONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY AB Thin-film solid-state batteries consisting of lithium foils, amorphous PEO separators, and solid redox polymerization electrodes (SRPEs) were assembled, discharged, and cycled at room temperature. No solvents were added to any of the components, nor were structural additives used. Performances were studied as a function of cathode thickness and composition of separator and SRPE. At 50-mu-A/cm2, cells could be discharged to a depth of 0.6 to 1.3 C/cm2, at 100-mu-A/cm2 to a depth of 0.5 C/cm2, and at 200-mu-A/cm2 to a depth of 0.25 C/cm2. It was also possible to pulse batteries at higher current densities for short periods of time (ranging from 0.1 to 3 s) with instantaneous recovery of open-circuit potential after the pulses. One cell was cycled 100 times, with inadvertent overdischarge and overcharge, before significant deterioration of performance occurred. Batteries may be designed to be paper thin, or may consist of several cells stacked together to give a somewhat thicker device. Practical energy and power densities were calculated as a function of component dimensions (cathode and current collector thicknesses) for paper thin batteries consisting of lithium anodes, amorphous PEO separators, SRPEs, and metallized plastic current collectors. Power densities of 30 W/l (continuous discharge) and pulse (0.1 s power densities over 1000 W/l may be achieved for these ultrathin devices. RP DOEFF, MM (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047 NR 21 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 139 IS 7 BP 1808 EP 1812 DI 10.1149/1.2069502 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA JD392 UT WOS:A1992JD39200007 ER PT J AU FRANKEL, GS DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS SCHROTT, AG JAHNES, CV RUSSAK, MA AF FRANKEL, GS DAVENPORT, AJ ISAACS, HS SCHROTT, AG JAHNES, CV RUSSAK, MA TI X-RAY ABSORPTION STUDY OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY GROWN OXIDE-FILMS ON AL-CR SPUTTERED ALLOYS .1. EXSITU STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PASSIVE FILMS; THIN-FILMS; ALUMINUM; METALS; SPECTRA AB Oxides grown electrochemically in a borate buffer solution on the surface of sputter-deposited AlCr alloy films were studied by x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The measurements were made in air immediately following polarization in solution. The oxides were also examined with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of alloy composition and thickness as well as applied potential were studied. Cr(VI) was found in the oxides if the applied potential was sufficiently high. The Ce(VI) was enriched at the interface with the electrolyte and the proportion of Cr(VI) in the oxide was higher for alloy films containing more Cr. The Cr(VI) in the oxides could be reversibly reduced to Cr(III) and reoxidized to Cr(VI) by subsequent potentiostatic treatments in solution. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RP FRANKEL, GS (reprint author), IBM CORP,DIV RES,TJ WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598, USA. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 139 IS 7 BP 1812 EP 1820 DI 10.1149/1.2069503 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA JD392 UT WOS:A1992JD39200008 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, TM HOBART, M AF ROBERTS, TM HOBART, M TI ENERGY VELOCITY, DAMPING, AND ELEMENTARY INVERSION SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATIVE WAVE-EQUATION; UNIFORM ASYMPTOTIC DESCRIPTION; DISPERSIVE PULSE-PROPAGATION; TIME DOMAIN; LORENTZ MEDIUM; SCATTERING OPERATORS; ABSORPTION; FIELDS AB Our numerical computation of precursors shows that damping increases the speed of frequency components to a degree that is consistent with energy velocity. The speedup here is slight, and a medium that has been called highly absorptive exhibits no speedup. These small effects lead us to question the extent to which energy velocity would be more useful than group velocity in the laboratory. We also introduce an especially simple method for measuring permittivity. The method is useful when damping affects wave speed no more than slightly, as happens in all the numerical simulations cited or reported here. RP ROBERTS, TM (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1091 EP 1101 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.9.001091 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA JA767 UT WOS:A1992JA76700007 ER PT J AU KRAUS, HG AF KRAUS, HG TI HUYGENS-FRESNEL-KIRCHHOFF WAVE-FRONT DIFFRACTION FORMULATIONS FOR SPHERICAL WAVES AND GAUSSIAN LASER-BEAMS - DISCUSSION AND ERRATA SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Note AB Kirchhoff diffraction formulations that use the wave front and the aperture plane for the surfaces of integration were compared. The full Kirchhoff obliquity factor terms distinguishing these two formulations are presented for spherical waves and for Gaussian laser beams. When they are used, identical results are obtained for the two formulations in both the spherical-wave and the Gaussian laser-beam cases. The reason that this must be true for any diffracted wave is explained. Simplified versions of these obliquity factor terms are used to place two previous papers by this author [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6, 1196 (1989); 7, 47 (1990)] into the proper context. This in turn provides the basis for errata to these articles. RP KRAUS, HG (reprint author), EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1132 EP 1134 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.9.001132 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA JA767 UT WOS:A1992JA76700012 ER PT J AU WEBB, MS EIMERL, D VELSKO, SP AF WEBB, MS EIMERL, D VELSKO, SP TI WAVELENGTH INSENSITIVE PHASE-MATCHED 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION IN PARTIALLY DEUTERATED KDP SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FEMTOSECOND PULSES; CRYSTALS AB We have experimentally determined the spectrally noncritical phase-matching behavior of type I frequency doubling in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) and its dependence on deuteration level in partially deuterated KD*P. Our results are in agreement with predictions based on available refractive-index data. The first-order wavelength-sensitivity parameter partial derivative-DELTA-k/partial derivative-lambda for type I doubling of 1.053-mu-m light vanishes for a KD*P crystal with a deuteration level of 12 +/- 2%. Calculations of this effect in other KDP analogs are presented, and the possibility of finding materials that have spectrally noncritical behavior for other phase-matched processes is discussed. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 EI 1520-8540 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1118 EP 1127 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.9.001118 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA JC532 UT WOS:A1992JC53200011 ER PT J AU TAN, EL HO, CH GRIEST, WH TYNDALL, RL AF TAN, EL HO, CH GRIEST, WH TYNDALL, RL TI MUTAGENICITY OF TRINITROTOLUENE AND ITS METABOLITES FORMED DURING COMPOSTING SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; NITROREDUCTASES; BACTERIAL AB TNT was mutagenic for Salmonella typhimurium without the need of a rat liver metabolic activation system (S9). The mutagenic potency of TNT decreased in proportion to the number of nitro groups that were reduced to the amino form. The presence of a nitro group on the 4 position of the diamino congener is necessary for mutagenicity Among the active congeners, mutagenicity was generally greater for TA100 than TA98, except that for the 4-amino congener the reverse was true. In cases when S9 was included in the assay, there was always a decrease in the number of mutants induced as compared with those without S9. Tetryl behaved like TNT except that it was approximately three times more potent. RDX and HMX were not mutagenic under the conditions of the assay. When TNT was composted, the major metabolites identified in organic extracts of compost samples were the 2-amino and 4-amino congeners. An acetonitrile extract of compost was tested and found to be more mutagenic for TA98 than TA100, much like the authentic 4-amino congener but the amount of this congener in the extract did not account for the degree of mutagenicity. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN. NR 16 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0098-4108 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEALTH JI J. Toxicol. Environ. Health PD JUL PY 1992 VL 36 IS 3 BP 165 EP 175 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA JE822 UT WOS:A1992JE82200001 PM 1629932 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, J HODAPP, T HOLTROP, K JACKSON, GL MOYER, R WATKINS, J WINTER, J AF PHILLIPS, J HODAPP, T HOLTROP, K JACKSON, GL MOYER, R WATKINS, J WINTER, J TI INITIAL BORONIZATION OF THE DIII-D TOKAMAK SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article AB A system has been installed to deposit a thin film of elemental boron on the walls of the DIII-D tokamak, in order to reduce the influx of impurities during plasma discharges. Subsequently new regimes of substantially improved tokamak energy confinement were obtained. The deposition of the boron layer is achieved during a glow-discharge session using a helium-diborane gas mixture and a film of almost-equal-to 100 nm is deposited. The boronization system includes special storage and handling precautions for the diborane, a delivery and metering system for the glow discharge, modifications to the tokamak's residual gas analyzer system, and a dedicated system for handling and neutralizing the exhaust gas from the tokamak. Tokamak discharges with similar parameters before and after boronization are used to characterize the effects of the boron film. Nickel has been reduced by a factor of 30, while impurities such as oxygen and carbon are reduced fivefold. A system of pulsing the glow discharge has been developed in order to improve the uniformity of the film applied C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, ASSOC EURATOM, INST PLASMAPHYS, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. RP GEN ATOM, POB 85608, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1252 EP 1255 DI 10.1116/1.578235 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100122 ER PT J AU JIANG, QT STATIRIS, P GUSTAFSSON, T HABERLE, P ZEHNER, DM AF JIANG, QT STATIRIS, P GUSTAFSSON, T HABERLE, P ZEHNER, DM TI ION-SCATTERING STUDY OF THE ADATOM INDUCED MISSING-ROW RECONSTRUCTIONS OF NI(110) AND AU(113) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; MULTILAYER RELAXATION; METAL-SURFACES; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; STABILITY; TRANSITION; PLATINUM; AU(100); AG(110); MODEL AB Using medium-energy ion scattering with channeling and blocking, we have investigated the (1 X 2) reconstructions of Ni (110) and Au (113) (stabilized by submonolayer amounts of K and Ca, respectively). Our data contain evidence that the two surface structures correspond to missing-row type reconstructions. Monte Carlo simulations show that the first interlayer spacing of the (1 X 2)-Au(113) surface undergoes a large contraction ( - 18.6%), while the first interlayer spacing of (1 X 2)-Ni(110) undergoes a small, unexpected expansion ( + 3%). Although the symmetry of Au (113) allows a lateral registry shift, none is found. Our structural models are discussed in terms of the energy balance between competing surface electronic charge densities. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV, SURFACE MODIFICAT LAB, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. UNIV TECN FEDERICO SANTA MARIA, DEPT FIS, VALPARAISO, CHILE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, POB 849, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RI Haberle, Patricio/A-5774-2013 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2197 EP 2201 DI 10.1116/1.578004 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300010 ER PT J AU BLANCHARD, DL BAER, DR AF BLANCHARD, DL BAER, DR TI STABILITY OF THE SNO2(111) SURFACE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID TIN(IV) OXIDE; OXYGEN; REDUCTION AB The (111) face of an Sb doped SnO2 crystal was studied. The surface was ion bombarded, cleaning and preferentially removing oxygen, and then reoxidized by annealing in vacuum and O2. Low energy electron diffraction (LEED) was used to characterize the surface structure, and Auger electron spectroscopy and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy were used to monitor the surface composition. Only one ordered LEED pattern was observed. A structure corresponding to this pattern is proposed that maximizes the coordination of tin cations at the surface. The surface composition (O/Sn) evolves with annealing temperature in a manner qualitatively similar to that observed for the previously studied (101) and (110) surfaces. The first ordered LEED pattern appears near 600 K, close to that seen for the other surfaces. Apparently the (111) and (101), which show only one ordered LEED pattern each, are more stable than the (110), which exhibits several. Reasons for this greater stability are proposed, based on the relative oxygen deficiency at the surface. RP PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2237 EP 2242 DI 10.1116/1.577924 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300017 ER PT J AU GIBSON, A HAYDOCK, R LAFEMINA, JP AF GIBSON, A HAYDOCK, R LAFEMINA, JP TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND RELATIVE STABILITY OF THE MGO(001) AND MGO(111) SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID MGO(100) SURFACE; MGO; RELAXATION; ENERGY; CRYSTALS; MODELS; HARRIS; LEED AB The relative stability and electronic structure of the MgO (001), (111)-Mg, and (111)-O surfaces have been studied with the Harris-Foulkes total energy functional. The computed energies of the (001), (111)-O, and (111)-Mg surfaces of MgO are 2.64, 12.80, and 13.02 J m-2, respectively. Our calculations exhibit a qualitative distinction between the Mg-terminated polar (111) surface, which has a nonzero density of one-electron states at the Fermi level, and the other (001) and (111)-O surfaces which retain the band gap properties of the bulk material. The projected local density of states for atoms in the bulk and at the various surfaces are presented, and used to explain the relative stability of different surfaces in terms of the properties of surface bonds. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP UNIV OREGON, INST MAT SCI, EUGENE, OR 97403 USA. NR 30 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 13 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2361 EP 2366 DI 10.1116/1.577965 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300038 ER PT J AU MALIK, IJ HRBEK, J SHEK, ML BZOWSKI, A KRISTOF, P SHAM, TK AF MALIK, IJ HRBEK, J SHEK, ML BZOWSKI, A KRISTOF, P SHAM, TK TI OXIDATION OF MG ADSORBED ON RU(001) - A PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; SURFACE; OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; MAGNESIUM; MONONUCLEAR; TRINUCLEAR; OXIDE; H2O; CO AB We studied the interaction of oxygen with Mg overlayers adsorbed on Ru(001). Soft x-ray synchrotron radiation was used to explore photoemission from the valence band, the O 2p, O 2s, and Mg 2p levels, as well as intra- and interatomic Auger processes. The photoemission results are complemented by thermal desorption data. The O/Mg/Ru system shows photoemission features characteristic of molecular orbitals of a dioxygen species. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO, DEPT CHEM, LONDON N6A 5B7, ONTARIO, CANADA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2367 EP 2370 DI 10.1116/1.577967 PN 3 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300039 ER PT J AU BOTTOMLEY, LA HASELTINE, JN ALLISON, DP WARMACK, RJ THUNDAT, T SACHLEBEN, RA BROWN, GM WOYCHIK, RP JACOBSON, KB FERRELL, TL AF BOTTOMLEY, LA HASELTINE, JN ALLISON, DP WARMACK, RJ THUNDAT, T SACHLEBEN, RA BROWN, GM WOYCHIK, RP JACOBSON, KB FERRELL, TL TI SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY OF DNA - THE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF GOLD SURFACES FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF DNA SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID NUCLEIC-ACIDS; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; IMAGES; WATER AB We have investigated the coulostatic immobilization of DNA to a chemically modified gold surface. The chemical modification involves the covalent attachment of chemically polarizable groups by reaction of thiols and disulfides with clean gold surfaces. We have determined that chemically modified surfaces possessing pendant cationic groups bind DNA. In this paper we report the reliable and reproducible scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of DNA using a gold surface chemically modified with N,N,-dimethyl-2-mercaptoethylamine and present the first STM images of an entire genetically functional DNA molecule, the circular plasmid pBS+. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP BOTTOMLEY, LA (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH CHEM & BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. OI Bottomley, Lawrence/0000-0002-2325-9862 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 591 EP 595 DI 10.1116/1.577735 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100002 ER PT J AU THUNDAT, T WARMACK, RJ ALLISON, DP BOTTOMLEY, LA LOURENCO, AJ FERRELL, TL AF THUNDAT, T WARMACK, RJ ALLISON, DP BOTTOMLEY, LA LOURENCO, AJ FERRELL, TL TI ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID STRANDS ADSORBED ON MICA - THE EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON APPARENT WIDTH AND IMAGE-CONTRAST SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; TUNNELLING MICROSCOPY; DNA; WATER AB We have investigated the effect of relative humidity on the apparent width and contrast of isolated strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) imaged with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Due to convolution of the tip with DNA, the apparent width of DNA molecules observed with AFM was broader than the known width of DNA. Also, the apparent width of DNA increased with increasing humidity while the contrast of the DNA images decreased with increasing humidity. This phenomenon is completely reversible and can be attributed to non-normal forces causing a buckling of AFM cantilever. RP THUNDAT, T (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 630 EP 635 DI 10.1116/1.577700 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100011 ER PT J AU AHRENKIEL, RK KEYES, BM LUSH, GB MELLOCH, MR LUNDSTROM, MS MACMILLAN, HF AF AHRENKIEL, RK KEYES, BM LUSH, GB MELLOCH, MR LUNDSTROM, MS MACMILLAN, HF TI MINORITY-CARRIER LIFETIME AND PHOTON RECYCLING IN N-GAAS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; RADIATIVE LIFETIME; RECOMBINATION; ABSORPTION AB We are reporting here the hole or minority-carrier lifetime in n-type GaAs over a concentration range from 1 X 10(17) to 2 X 10(18) cm-3. The lifetimes were resolved by means of time-resolved photoluminescence using the time-resolved single photon counting technique. Diagnostic isotype double heterostructures were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The isotype double heterostructures had confinement layers of composition Al0.3Ga0.7As. At a fixed majority-carrier concentration, active layer thicknesses were varied from approximately 0.25 to 10.0-mu-m. Using the accepted B coefficient as 2 X 10(-10) cm3/s, the photoluminescence lifetime is over an order of magnitude larger than the radiative lifetime. The data were interpreted in terms of photon recycling, and the experimental results agreed quite well with theory. C1 PURDUE UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. VARIAN RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94303. RP AHRENKIEL, RK (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 990 EP 995 DI 10.1116/1.577892 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100078 ER PT J AU COLLINS, GW SANCHEZ, JJ FEARON, EM AF COLLINS, GW SANCHEZ, JJ FEARON, EM TI D-T AND D2 RETENTION IN PLASTIC SHELLS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL) AB We have measured the D2 and D-T gas pressure versus time inside multilayer polymer shells [polystyrene, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and plasma polymer CH1.3] from which we calculate an effective permeability for the PVA layer. From this data, we have developed a D-T pressurization procedure for current direct drive fusion targets that increases the D-T fuel retention time an order of magnitude over previous pressurization schemes. The D-T fuel retention time will be decreased from the shells original D2 retention time (approximately 45 h) by; (1) 50% immediately after D-T pressurization, (2) 60% after D-T pressurization and cryogenic storage for 1 day, and (3) 85% after D-T pressurization and cryogenic storage for 13 days. We have also found that heat treating the polymer shell increases the fuel retention time for D2 from 10% to 40% and that the D2 mass transfer through the composite polymer shell does not follow Fick's law. Finally, we describe an efficient target pressurization procedure for D2 fuel. RP COLLINS, GW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1158 EP 1163 DI 10.1116/1.578219 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100106 ER PT J AU ANTOLAK, AJ PONTAU, AE MORSE, DH WEIRUP, DL HEIKKINEN, DW CHOLEWA, M BENCH, GS LEGGE, GJF AF ANTOLAK, AJ PONTAU, AE MORSE, DH WEIRUP, DL HEIKKINEN, DW CHOLEWA, M BENCH, GS LEGGE, GJF TI ION MICROTOMOGRAPHY AND PARTICLE-INDUCED X-RAY-EMISSION ANALYSIS OF DIRECT DRIVE INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION-TARGETS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB The complementary techniques of ion microtomography (IMT) and particle-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) are used to provide submicron-scale characterization of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets for density uniformity, sphericity, and trace-element spatial distributions. ICF target quality control in the laser fusion program is important to ensure that the energy deposition from the lasers results in uniform compression and minimization of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. We obtain 1% total electron density determinations using IMT with spatial resolution approaching 2-mu-m. Utilizing PIXE, we can map out dopant and impurity distributions with elemental detection sensitivities on the order of a few parts per million. We present examples of ICF target characterization by IMT and PIXE in order to demonstrate their potential impact in assessing target fabrication processes. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV MELBOURNE,MICROANALYT RES CTR,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. RP ANTOLAK, AJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Cholewa, Marian/C-9474-2011 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1164 EP 1169 DI 10.1116/1.578220 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100107 ER PT J AU SIMPKINS, JE MIODUSZEWSKI, PK ISLER, RC AF SIMPKINS, JE MIODUSZEWSKI, PK ISLER, RC TI IMPURITY AND RECYCLING CONTROL WITH GETTERING IN THE ADVANCED TOROIDAL FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID CHROMIUM; TI AB The vacuum vessel of the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) is Ti gettered with a surface coverage of 70%. The major effects of gettering are (1) reduction of the oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen content in the plasma and (2) improved density control due to wall pumping of the working gas hydrogen. The overall leak rate in ATF is 2 X 10(-4) Torr l/s which is too high for successful plasma operation. Ti gettering is routinely employed every morning prior to operation and compensates for this shortcoming by reducing the partial pressure of nitrogen and other residual gas components to the low 10(-9) Torr range which is close to the residual gas analyzer background pressure. Rate-of-rise measurements at this stage show only argon and some methane. The argon is used to monitor the leak rate. In addition to impurity reduction, gettering leads to low recycling of the working gas which appears to be crucial for density control in ATF. The capacity of the gettered surface is large enough to show a strong effect even after 24 h. An extensive data base on the short-term and long-term effects of gettering on the residual gas composition and its effects on plasma performance has been established over the past three years and will be discussed in this article. RP SIMPKINS, JE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1170 EP 1173 DI 10.1116/1.578221 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100108 ER PT J AU WALSH, DS DOYLE, BL JACKSON, GL AF WALSH, DS DOYLE, BL JACKSON, GL TI DEPOSITION OF DEUTERIUM AND METALS ON DIVERTOR TILES IN THE DIII-D TOKAMAK SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ION-BEAM ANALYSIS; LIMITERS; HYDROGEN; GRAPHITE; WALL AB Hydrogen recycling and impurity influx are important issues in obtaining high confinement discharges in the DIII-D tokamak. To reduce metallic impurities in DIII-D, 40% of the wall area, including the highest heat flux zones, have been covered with graphite tiles. However, erosion, redeposition, and hydrogen retention in the tiles, as well as metal transport from the remaining Inconel walls, can lead to enhanced recycling and impurity influx. Hydrogen and metal retention in divertor floor tiles have been measured using external ion beam analysis techniques following four campaigns where tiles were exposed to several thousand tokamak discharges. The areal density of deuterium retained following exposure to tokamak plasmas was measured with external nuclear reaction analysis. External proton-induced x-ray emission analysis was used to measure the areal densities of metallic impurities deposited upon the divertor tiles either by sputtering of metallic components during discharges or as contamination during tile fabrication. Measurements for both deuterium and metallic impurities were taken on both the tile surfaces which face the operating plasma and the surfaces on the sides of the tiles which form the small gaps separating each of the tiles in the divertor. The highest areal densities of both deuterium (from 2 to 8 X 10(18) atoms/cm2) and metals (from 0.2 to 1 X 10(18) atoms/cm2) were found on the plasma-facing surface near the inner strike point region of each set of divertor tiles. Significant deposits, extending as far as 1 cm from the plasma-facing surface and containing up to 40% of the total divertor deposition, were also observed on the gap-forming surfaces of the tiles. C1 IDAHO STATE UNIV,POCATELLO,ID 83209. GEN ATOM,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP WALSH, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1174 EP 1179 DI 10.1116/1.578222 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100109 ER PT J AU LANGLEY, RA AF LANGLEY, RA TI SIMPLE ALUMINUM GASKET FOR USE WITH BOTH STAINLESS-STEEL AND ALUMINUM FLANGES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB A technique has been developed for making aluminum wire seal gaskets of various sizes and shapes for use with both stainless steel and aluminum alloy flanges. The gasket material used is 0.9999 pure aluminum, drawn to a diameter of 3 mm. This material can be easily welded and formed into various shapes. A single gasket has been successfully used up to five times without baking. The largest gasket tested to date is 3.5 m long and was used in the shape of a parallelogram. Previous use of aluminum wire gaskets, including results for bakeout at temperatures from 20 to 550-degrees-C, is reviewed. A search of the literature indicates that this is the first reported use of aluminum wire gaskets for aluminum alloy flanges. The technique is described in detail, and the results are summarized. RP LANGLEY, RA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1185 EP 1187 DI 10.1116/1.578224 PN 1 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100111 ER PT J AU COHEN, SA MATTAS, RF WERLEY, KA AF COHEN, SA MATTAS, RF WERLEY, KA TI PLASMA MATERIALS INTERACTION ISSUES FOR THE INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERIMENTAL REACTOR (ITER) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID HELIUM EXHAUST; TRANSPORT; SIMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; FATIGUE; TOKAMAK; TEXTOR; TFTR AB At the extreme conditions expected for some operating scenarios of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, commonly used heat-removal structures are unable to withstand either the high sputter erosion rates or power loads. Solutions to these lifetime and reliability problems by (1) changes in machine design and operation, (2) redeposition mechanisms, and (3) changes in materials, will be discussed. A proposed accelerated-life test facility for prototype divertor plate development is described. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP COHEN, SA (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1256 EP 1264 DI 10.1116/1.578236 PN 1 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100123 ER PT J AU STEVENS, JE HUANG, YC JARECKI, RL CECCHI, JL AF STEVENS, JE HUANG, YC JARECKI, RL CECCHI, JL TI PLASMA UNIFORMITY AND POWER DEPOSITION IN ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE ETCH TOOLS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID REACTOR; WAVES AB We present measurements of the propagation and absorption of the 2.45 GHz waves which produce the plasma in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) etch tool. Measurements verify that the absorption occurs within the Doppler-broadened resonance location where \omega - omega(ce)\ less than or similar to k parallel-to upsilon(te) and B less than or similar to 950+/-25 G. A ray tracing calculation is used to model power deposition in the ECR source region. Plasma radial uniformity improves when the microwaves are allowed to propagate several wavelengths (greater than or similar to 5) before absorption occurs. An explanation for this improved source uniformity is the fact that whistler waves refract toward regions of lower density which, when combined with ECR absorption at the low-density location, forces the profile toward radial uniformity. This effect explains previous observations of flat density profiles in configurations where the magnetic field at the microwave window is raised well above the resonant field. Etch rate uniformity is found to be closely correlated to the ion current density uniformity across the wafer surface in our system. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP STEVENS, JE (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 22 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1270 EP 1275 DI 10.1116/1.578238 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100125 ER PT J AU GORBATKIN, SM BERRY, LA SWYERS, J AF GORBATKIN, SM BERRY, LA SWYERS, J TI POLY-SI ETCHING USING ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE MICROWAVE PLASMA SOURCES WITH MULTIPOLE CONFINEMENT SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 10-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID DISCHARGES; POSITION AB In this study, mirror field and single coil 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma sources were coupled to a multipole, multicusp plasma confinement system and used to produce chlorine plasmas for poly-Si etching. Scanning Langmuir probes were used to study the effect of process parameters on plasma potentials, plasma density, plasma density uniformity, and electron temperature, while poly-Si etching experiments on 150 mm diam wafers were used to relate process parameters and Langmuir probe results to etch rate, SiO2 selectivity, photoresist selectivity, and etch uniformity. Radio-frequency substrate bias at 13.56 MHz was used for ion energy control, and the addition of a third coil below the substrate plane was found useful for fine-tuning the radial plasma uniformity. Undoped poly-Si etch rates >3000 angstrom/min, Si/SiO2 etch selectivities >25 and 150 mm diam etch uniformities <2% at 1-sigma were obtained, but not simultaneously. Tradeoffs in choosing operating conditions for optimum poly-Si etch performance will be discussed. C1 SEMATECH,AUSTIN,TX 78741. RP GORBATKIN, SM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1295 EP 1302 DI 10.1116/1.578242 PN 1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE681 UT WOS:A1992JE68100129 ER PT J AU PERRY, AJ SARTWELL, BD VALVODA, V RAFAJA, D WILLIAMSON, DL NELSON, AJ AF PERRY, AJ SARTWELL, BD VALVODA, V RAFAJA, D WILLIAMSON, DL NELSON, AJ TI RESIDUAL-STRESS AND THE EFFECT OF IMPLANTED ARGON IN FILMS OF ZIRCONIUM NITRIDE MADE BY PHYSICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TIN FILMS; THIN-FILMS; COMPRESSIVE STRESS; CONSTANTS; HFN; DISCHARGES; COATINGS; ZRN; AR AB Zirconium nitride films made by reactive cathodic arc evaporation at high bias have been dual energy ion implanted with argon. It is found that the x-ray elastic constants of the unimplanted films differ from those measured under simple biaxial compressive elastic stress conditions. The effect of 1% argon implantation is to reduce both the lattice parameters and the compressive residual stress. It is considered that the argon resides on substitutional lattice sites following a softening of the implanted layers caused by the energy accompanying the implantation process. As the amount of argon implanted is increased (6% or 12%), the lattice continues to contract, but less rapidly, and the residual stress is hardly affected. It is suggested that the lattice softening continues and is accompanied by precipitation of the argon as bubbles. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CHARLES UNIV,CS-12116 PRAGUE 6,CZECHOSLOVAKIA. COLORADO SCH MINES,DEPT PHYS,GOLDEN,CO 80401. SOLAR ENERGY RES INST,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP PERRY, AJ (reprint author), VAC TEC SYST INC,6101 LOOKOUT RD,BOULDER,CO 80301, USA. OI Rafaja, David/0000-0003-2411-7425 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1446 EP 1452 DI 10.1116/1.578263 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200008 ER PT J AU JANKOWSKI, AF AF JANKOWSKI, AF TI SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF A SUPERCONDUCTING AU-NB SUPERLATTICE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB A novel phase of Au0.5Nb0.5 is synthesized as a thin film using magnetron sputter deposition. A "multilayer" process is used to create an artificial superlattice by an atomic plane-by-plane alternation between Au and Nb. Resistivity measurements indicate the 0.32-mu-m thin film is superconducting at 2.5 K. Microstructure is determined using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The Au0.5Nb0.5 thin film has a body-centered-cubic structure which extends well beyond the limits of the reported, Nb terminal solid solution. RP JANKOWSKI, AF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1522 EP 1525 DI 10.1116/1.578038 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200024 ER PT J AU NILES, DW HOCHST, H AF NILES, DW HOCHST, H TI MANIFESTATION OF ELECTRIC-DIPOLE SELECTION-RULES IN ANGLE RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA FROM ZINC BLENDE SEMICONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID BAND-STRUCTURE AB We use angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy to determine critical point energies of the GAMMA-7, GAMMA-8, and X6 levels and the valence band dispersion E(k) along the [100] direction of Cd0.8Zn0.2Te. The experimental analysis is carried out without assuming any specific form of the final state bands. Normal emission valence band spectra provide clear evidence of a band gap opening in the final state bands. The crystal potential, which perturbs the final states, causes the conduction band GAMMA point at approximately 12.5 eV to split by greater-than-or-equal-to 0.60 eV. In addition to this very pronounced band gap, we find smaller gaps in the final states at k vectors approximately 1/3 and 2/3 towards the X point. Relying on structural arguments, we also deduce the symmetries of the final state bands. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SYNCHROTRON RADIAT,STOUGHTON,WI 53589. RP NILES, DW (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1526 EP 1530 DI 10.1116/1.578039 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200025 ER PT J AU HUFFMAN, M GORAL, JP ALJASSIM, MM ECHER, C AF HUFFMAN, M GORAL, JP ALJASSIM, MM ECHER, C TI STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION INVESTIGATION OF THIN LEAD ZIRCONATE TITANATE FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DOMAIN-STRUCTURE; CERAMICS AB Thin lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ferroelectric films are currently being used in a variety of applications. One of the more novel uses is in nonvolatile random access memory devices. As part of such a memory device, these PZT films undergo a significant amount of thermal cycling during standard semiconductor processing. Therefore, it is of considerable importance to understand the evolution of the PZT film morphology and composition as a function of temperature. The ferroelectric domain and PZT grain boundary evolution in sputtered and sol-gel deposited PZT films has been recorded. Hot stage transmission electron microscopy has been used for this investigation between room temperature and 600-degrees-C. The ferroelectric domains in all the samples are very distinct. The transition from the tetragonal to the cubic paraelectric phase was observed at Curie temperatures (T(C)) close to those expected for the various compositions analyzed. Zr/Ti ratios in these films ranged from 48/52 to 30/70. Since the films are polycrystalline and some compositional inhomogeneity exists from crystallite to crystallite, a distribution of transition temperatures has been observed throughout a single PZT film. This result fits very well with electrically measured values of T(C), which exhibit very broad maxima. Nanoprobe analysis of the composition of these films was performed before and after heating to see if there are any significant changes. Line scans were used to analyze grain and grain boundary composition in both plan view and cross section. The difficulties of obtaining reliable analytical results are explored in detail. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HUFFMAN, M (reprint author), RAMTRON CORP,1850 RAMTRON DR,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80921, USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1584 EP 1591 DI 10.1116/1.578048 PN 2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200034 ER PT J AU GRACE, JM MCDONALD, DB REITEN, MT OLSON, J KAMPWIRTH, RT GRAY, KE AF GRACE, JM MCDONALD, DB REITEN, MT OLSON, J KAMPWIRTH, RT GRAY, KE TI THE EFFECT OF OXIDANT ON RESPUTTERING OF BI FROM BI-SR-CA-CU-O FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB The type and partial pressure of oxidant mixed with argon can affect the selective sputtering of Bi in composite-target, magnetron-sputtered Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O films. Comparative studies using oxygen and ozone show that ozone is a more potent oxidant, as well as a more potent source of resputterers than is oxygen. Severe resputtering from ozone is significantly reduced by a - 40 V potential on the sample block. We suggest that oxygen causes resputtering by forming O2+, which interacts with the target to produce energetic O-. In contrast, ozone may form lower-energy O-by electron impact in the dark space. Negative oxygen ions from the target itself may be responsible for a background resputtering effect. Our results and those found for Y-Ba-Cu-O by others are comparable. Bi in Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O behaves as Ba in Y-Ba-Cu-O, with regard to selective resputtering; furthermore, the response of Sr, Ca, and Cu to oxygen in sputtered Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O is similar to what is observed for Cu in Y-Ba-Cu-O. RP GRACE, JM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1600 EP 1603 DI 10.1116/1.578051 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200037 ER PT J AU MERZ, MD MCCLANAHAN, ED AF MERZ, MD MCCLANAHAN, ED TI COMPARISON OF ION-BOMBARDMENT REMOVAL RATES OF SPUTTER-DEPOSITED NIOBIUM DURING DEPOSITION AND AFTER DEPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID FILMS AB Studies of 50-200 eV Kr+ ion removal rates of niobium with a triode discharge system were conducted. A comparison was made of the removal rates of sputter-deposited material removed during high-rate sputter deposition and during ion bombardment after deposition. The removal rate of wrought niobium was also measured under similar plasma conditions for comparison. The results indicated that the removal rates were not affected by conditions of deposition and depended only on the energy of bombarding Kr+ ions, and were nearly the same for sputter deposited and wrought niobium. The results are discussed in terms of the neutral Kr atoms reflected from the target, Kr+ ions incident on the niobium substrates, and crystallographic texture of the niobium being bombarded. RP MERZ, MD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1687 EP 1689 DI 10.1116/1.577770 PN 2 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200051 ER PT J AU MATSON, DW MERZ, MD MCCLANAHAN, ED AF MATSON, DW MERZ, MD MCCLANAHAN, ED TI HIGH-RATE SPUTTER DEPOSITION OF WEAR RESISTANT TANTALUM COATINGS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID CENTERED-CUBIC TANTALUM; FILMS AB The refractory nature and high ductility of body centered cubic (bcc) phase tantalum makes it a suitable material for corrosion- and wear-resistant coatings on surfaces that are subjected to high stresses and harsh chemical and erosive environments. Sputter deposition can produce thick tantalum films but is prone to forming the brittle tetragonal beta phase of this material. Efforts aimed at forming thick bcc phase tantalum coatings in both flat plate and cylindrical geometries by high-rate triode sputtering methods are discussed. In addition to substrate temperature, the bcc-to-beta phase ratio in sputtered tantalum coatings is shown to be sensitive to other substrate surface effects. RP MATSON, DW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 20 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1791 EP 1796 DI 10.1116/1.577748 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200068 ER PT J AU ROHDE, SL NELSON, AJ MASON, A SPROUL, WD AF ROHDE, SL NELSON, AJ MASON, A SPROUL, WD TI CHARACTERIZATION OF TIN FILMS DEPOSITED USING MULTICATHODE UNBALANCED MAGNETRONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID PARTIAL-PRESSURE CONTROL; THIN-FILMS; SUBSTRATE; FLUXES AB Unbalanced magnetrons can be very effectively utilized to provide enhanced ion bombardment of the substrate/film couples during deposition, and in multicathode systems it should be feasible to coat complex three-dimensional components uniformly and reproducibly. In this research, titanium nitride films were deposited using multicathode unbalanced, reactive, magnetron sputtering under a variety of ion bombardment fluxes. ion energies, nitrogen partial pressures, and total system pressures. In addition, several titanium aluminum nitride films were deposited for comparison. Through the use of carefully characterized magnetic field geometries, ion current densities ranging from 2 to 6 mA/cm2 have been generated, giving rise to ion-to-deposited Ti-atom ratios ranging from approximately 1.4:1 to 6.3:1. The films have been characterized in terms of their physical properties, chemical composition, crystallographic orientation, and film structure. Most of the films are approximately 3-mu-m thick, exhibit critical adhesive loads in excess of 5 kg, and have Vicker's microhardness values of 2000 or more. Chemical characterization was performed using a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), a scanning transmission electron microscope with EDAX, and an electron microprobe. The majority of the films examined showed (111) preferred orientations and distinct columnar grain structures. No layering or shadowing effects were observed in cross section transmission electron microscopy studies. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,BIRL,IND RES LAB,EVANSTON,IL 60201. RP ROHDE, SL (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT MECH ENGN,255 WALTER SCOTT ENGN CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1797 EP 1803 DI 10.1116/1.577749 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200069 ER PT J AU RUBIN, M AF RUBIN, M TI ION-ASSISTED SPUTTERING OF TUNGSTEN-OXIDE SOLAR-CONTROL FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ELECTROCHROMIC WO3 FILMS; MODULATION AB Spectrally selective solar control films can greatly reduce solar heat gain from the infrared while admitting a high fraction of visible daylight. Single-crystal tungsten bronzes of general formula MxWO3, where M is a metal, can have sharp spectral selectivity, but this property is difficult to obtain in thin films. Reversible electrochromic coloration caused by insertion of alkali metal or hydrogen ions has been extensively studied in WO3. Polycrystalline films were made by reactive magnetron sputtering of WO3 together with substrate heating and/or ion bombardment. Bronze forming elements were introduced after deposition either by electrochemical injection of H+ or Li+ or by ion implantation of Ag and Cu. During deposition, HWO3 or substoichiometric WOx could be formed by controlling the sputtering atmosphere. Films treated by ion bombardment had optical properties approaching those of single crystals. RP RUBIN, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1905 EP 1907 DI 10.1116/1.578113 PN 2 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200087 ER PT J AU MA, Y RUDOLF, P CHEN, CT SETTE, F AF MA, Y RUDOLF, P CHEN, CT SETTE, F TI POTASSIUM ADSORPTION ON THE SI(100)(2X1) SURFACE STUDIED BY SI AND K CORE LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION AND PHOTOABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SI(001)-(2X1); GEOMETRY; MODEL; OVERLAYER; INTERFACE AB The questions of K-Si bonding and the K adsorption site of the K/Si(100) (2 X 1) surface system are studied by Si and K 2p core level photoabsorption and photoemission spectroscopy as a function of K coverage and incident x-ray polarization. An unoccupied K 4s derived surface state is found in the K L-edge spectra that is coverage as well as polarization dependent. It is also found that the pi* state of the surface Si dimer is eliminated by the potassium adsorption, indicating that there is some degree of charge transfer from K to the substrate. The K-Si bond is thus characterized as of mixed covalent/ionic type. The polarization dependence suggests that the Si-K bond is inclined towards the surface plane. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. RI Rudolf, Petra/E-6434-2014 OI Rudolf, Petra/0000-0002-4418-1769 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1965 EP 1969 DI 10.1116/1.578011 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200097 ER PT J AU GESSERT, TA COUTTS, TJ AF GESSERT, TA COUTTS, TJ TI GRID METALLIZATION AND ANTIREFLECTION COATING OPTIMIZATION FOR CONCENTRATOR AND ONE-SUN PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID CONTACT RESISTANCE AB In photovoltaic (PV) solar cell research, often the mechanisms of junction formation are studied intensively, while the design of the grid and the antireflection coating (ARC) are somewhat neglected. This is usually because, at the research stage, fundamental information about the junction parameters of novel device materials is more essential than the need to produce high-efficiency devices. Additionally, the equipment and expertise necessary to enable state-of-the-art processing is relatively specialized and often not available to the PV researcher. Nevertheless, during the past few years, many PV research technologies have begun to incorporate optimally designed ARCs and very high-quality metallization, involving processes more typically associated with the micoelectronics industry. Partly because of this, significant improvements in conversion efficiencies have been reported in several key solar cell material systems. In this paper, the models and techniques necessary to design and optimize metal contacts and ARCs for PV solar cells are reviewed and discussed. Additionally, similarities and differences between grid metallizations of cells used under optical concentration and one sun are identified. Through these discussions, the advantages of several recently developed metallization and ARC techniques are reviewed, including very-fine linewidth, buried-contact metallizations, metallizations typically used in the thin-film solar cell industry, and short-circuit current contour modeling for ARC optimization. RP GESSERT, TA (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2013 EP 2024 DI 10.1116/1.578018 PN 2 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200104 ER PT J AU WOICIK, JC KENDELEWICZ, T MIYANO, KE COWAN, PL RICHTER, M KARLIN, BA BOULDIN, CE PIANETTA, P SPICER, WE AF WOICIK, JC KENDELEWICZ, T MIYANO, KE COWAN, PL RICHTER, M KARLIN, BA BOULDIN, CE PIANETTA, P SPICER, WE TI EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE AND X-RAY STANDING WAVE STUDY OF THE CLEAN INP(110) SURFACE RELAXATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION BEAMLINE; HIGH-ENERGY-RESOLUTION; III-V-SEMICONDUCTORS; 110 SURFACES; AUGER AB Through a unique combination of surface sensitive extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and x-ray standing waves (XSW), we have determined the pertinent structural parameters of the clean InP(110) surface reconstruction. We find a rotation angle of 27-degrees between the P-In chains, no change of the first neighbor P-In bond length, and a small but measurable, approximately 0.1 angstrom, expansion of the average P-P second neighbor distance. The general application of the EXAFS and XSW techniques to the study of clean surfaces will be discussed. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD ELECTR LABS,STANFORD,CA 94305. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,STANFORD,CA 94305. NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WOICIK, JC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2041 EP 2045 DI 10.1116/1.578021 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200107 ER PT J AU GODIN, TJ LAFEMINA, JP DUKE, CB AF GODIN, TJ LAFEMINA, JP DUKE, CB TI SURFACE-STRUCTURE, BONDING, AND DYNAMICS - UNIVERSALITY OF ZINC BLENDE (110) POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID STRUCTURE COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; ATOMIC STRUCTURES; CLEAVAGE FACES; GAAS(110); RECONSTRUCTION; PHONONS; MODEL AB Using a tight-binding, total energy (TBTE) model we examine the hypothesis that the potential energy surfaces (PES) describing the (110) cleavage faces of the tetrahedrally coordinated zinc blende structure compound semiconductors exhibit a common "universal" form if expressed in terms of suitably scaled parameters. TBTE calculations on both III-V and II-VI compounds reveal a linear scaling with bulk lattice constant of the geometric parameters of the reconstructed surfaces. This scaling is analogous to that found using low-energy, electron-diffraction surface-structure determination. The surface atomic force constants (found from a TBTE calculation) also scale monotonically with the lattice constant. Using TBTE models proposed previously for GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InSb, and ZnSe, we find that the force constants scale as the inverse square of the bulk lattice constant. These results suggest that if distances are measured in units of the bulk lattice constant, the PES may be a universal function for the cleavage surfaces of zinc blende structure compound semiconductors, on average, with small fluctuations from this average occurring in individual materials. C1 XEROX CORP, WEBSTER RES CTR, WEBSTER, NY 14580 USA. RP GODIN, TJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MAT SCI RES CTR, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2059 EP 2065 DI 10.1116/1.578025 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200111 ER PT J AU FOERSTER, CL HALAMA, HJ KORN, G AF FOERSTER, CL HALAMA, HJ KORN, G TI PHOTODESORPTION FROM COPPER, BERYLLIUM, AND THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID PHOTON-STIMULATED DESORPTION; PLATED BEAM TUBES; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; GAS DESORPTION; ALUMINUM; YIELDS AB Ever increasing circulating currents in electron-positron colliders and light sources demand lower and lower photodesportion (PSD) from the surfaces of their vacuum chambers and their photon absorbers. This is particularly important in compact electron storage rings and B meson factories where photon power of several kW cm-1 is deposited on the surfaces. Given the above factors we have measured PSD from 1 m long bars of (a) solid copper and solid beryllium, and (b), TiN, Au, and C thin films deposited on solid copper bars. Each sample was exposed to about 10(23) photons/m with a critical energy of 500 eV at the vacuum ultraviolet ring of the National Synchrotron Light Source. PSD was recorded for two conditions: after a 200-degrees-C bakeout and after an Ar glow discharge cleaning. In addition, we also measured reflected photons, photoelectrons, and desorption as functions of normal, 75, 100, and 125 mrad incident photons. RP FOERSTER, CL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE BLDG 725C,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2077 EP 2081 DI 10.1116/1.578028 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200114 ER PT J AU HALAMA, HJ MURPHY, JB AF HALAMA, HJ MURPHY, JB TI VACUUM BEHAVIOR OF THE X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID PHOTON-STIMULATED DESORPTION; SYNCHROTRON AB Photon stimulated desorption (PSD) is the major source of the gas load in electron storage rings and therefore strongly influences both beam lifetime and beam quality. The 200 MeV compact ring at the National Synchrotron Light Source is an ideal tool to study PSD since its energy can be varied from 60 to 200 MeV and the photoelectrons produced by synchrotron radiation can be measured in clearing electrodes installed to collect trapped ions. Using these electrodes we show: [a] photoelectrons are produced only by photons having energy above 10 eV and [b] desorption is proportional to the number of photoelectrons. Using calibrated gauges we conclude that (a) time-integrated beam current of 10-20 A h is needed for initial vacuum chamber clean up, (b) venting the chamber to dry nitrogen has a negligible effect on subsequent desorption, and (c) venting to air requires about 10 A h of beam conditioning. RP HALAMA, HJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2082 EP 2084 DI 10.1116/1.578029 PN 2 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200115 ER PT J AU HSEUH, HC MAPES, M SHEN, B SIKORA, R AF HSEUH, HC MAPES, M SHEN, B SIKORA, R TI CONSTRUCTION AND COMMISSIONING OF THE ALTERNATING-GRADIENT SYNCHROTRON BOOSTER ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB The recently completed alternating-gradient synchrotron booster is a synchrotron for the acceleration of both protons and heavy ions. To minimize the beam loss due to charge exchange of the partially stripped, low beta( = v/c), very heavy ions with the residual gas molecules, ultrahigh vacuum of 10(-11) Torr is required for the 200 m booster ring. An average pressure of mid 10(-11) Torr has been achieved and maintained after initial in situ bakes and commissioning. In this article we describe: (1) design and layout of the vacuum systems; (2) material selection and vacuum processing; (3) personal computers/programmable logic controllers based bakeout system; (4) operation of vacuum instrumentation over long cable length; (5) results of bakeout and evaluation; and (6) experience gained during construction and commissioning. RP HSEUH, HC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2085 EP 2091 DI 10.1116/1.577987 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200116 ER PT J AU ULRICKSON, M BIALEK, J GOLDSTON, R REIERSEN, W DINKEVICH, S FRAGETTA, W ROCCO, R WARREN, J LANGLEY, R NEILSON, GH NELSON, B HAINES, J MANTZ, H MCSMITH, M AF ULRICKSON, M BIALEK, J GOLDSTON, R REIERSEN, W DINKEVICH, S FRAGETTA, W ROCCO, R WARREN, J LANGLEY, R NEILSON, GH NELSON, B HAINES, J MANTZ, H MCSMITH, M TI DESIGN OF THE BURNING PLASMA-EXPERIMENT VACUUM VESSEL SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS; HYDROGEN; PERMEATION; SURFACE; LIMITER AB The Burning Plasma Experiment (BPX) is being designed to determine the physics behavior of self-heated fusion plasmas and demonstrate the production of substantial amounts of fusion power. The machine is designed to operate with a plasma current of 11.8 MA and a toroidal field of 9 T. The machine will have a major radius of 2.59 m and will have a fusion power of 100-500 MW. The interior surface area of the vessel is about 150 m2. The high power density on the divertor plates requires the use of pyrolytic graphite. Most of the remainder of the metallic surface of the vessel is covered with either carbon fiber composite or graphite tiles. The operating temperature of the vacuum vessel is chosen to be 350-degrees-C because of the good experience of JET and JT-60 with graphite tiles and operation at similar temperatures. The high plasma current, large stored energy, and large toroidal field give rise to large forces on the vacuum vessel during plasma current disruptions. These forces, together with the operating temperature, require the use of Inconel for the vacuum vessel structure. Even with the high strength of Inconel, thicknesses of up to 90 mm are required to have acceptable stress in the vacuum vessel shell. The vacuum pumping speed on BPX is limited to about 7000 l/s (N2) by the size of the access ports on the vessel and by remote handling considerations. The vacuum vessel can be baked to temperatures up to 550-degrees-C without significant changes in the Inconel material properties. The requirements for outgassing of the vacuum vessel and the plasma facing components are discussed. C1 EBASCO SERV INC,NEW YORK,NY 10048. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. RP ULRICKSON, M (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2092 EP 2098 DI 10.1116/1.577988 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE682 UT WOS:A1992JE68200117 ER PT J AU YARMOFF, JA SHUH, DK DURBIN, TD LO, CW LAPIANOSMITH, DA MCFEELY, FR HIMPSEL, FJ AF YARMOFF, JA SHUH, DK DURBIN, TD LO, CW LAPIANOSMITH, DA MCFEELY, FR HIMPSEL, FJ TI ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY OF SILICON BY DICHLOROSILANE STUDIED WITH CORE LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SURFACE; CHEMISORPTION AB The chemisorption and reaction of dichlorosilane (SiH2Cl2) with Si (111) and Si (100) surfaces is investigated with core-level soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy employing synchrotron radiation, in order to ascertain the surface chemistry involved in atomic layer epitaxy (ALE). Exposures to 8 kL of SiH2Cl2 Were performed as a function of sample temperature in the range from room temperature to 800-degrees-C. At all temperatures, SiH2Cl2 chemisorbs dissociatively forming silicon monochloride surface species. The coverage of monochloride displays a maximum for exposures at approximately 600-degrees-C. Under all conditions studied, larger chlorine coverages are observed on Si(100) than on Si(111). A Si surface that was first saturated with SiH2Cl2 at 600-degrees-C was subsequently exposed to H-2 at 600-degrees-C, and no reaction occurred. These results indicate that recent models for silicon ALE are incorrect. An alternative method for low-temperature ALE of Si is proposed, in which SiH2Cl2 is adsorbed onto Si at 600-degrees-C and Cl is removed via reaction with atomic H. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP YARMOFF, JA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 17 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2303 EP 2307 DI 10.1116/1.577935 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300028 ER PT J AU NASCENTE, PAP VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA AF NASCENTE, PAP VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA TI ORDERING OF ETHYLIDYNE ON CLEAN AND ADSORBATE COVERED PD(111) - INFLUENCE OF THE COADSORPTION OF OXYGEN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; RH(111) CRYSTAL-SURFACE; LEED INTENSITY ANALYSIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PT(111) SURFACE; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; PALLADIUM 111; BENZENE CHEMISORPTION; COADSORBED BENZENE AB The adsorption and ordering of acetylene on clean and on oxygen-covered Pd (111) at low temperature (150-170 K) and at room temperature were studied by low-energy electron diffraction and high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy. At low temperature a poorly ordered overlayer of molecularly chemisorbed C2H2 was formed on both clean and O-covered Pd (111). At room temperature C2H2 converted to ethylidyne (C2H3), which weakly ordered in a (square-root 3 X square-root 3) R 30-degrees structure. However, preadsorption of oxygen was found to induce better ordering of C2H3 on Pd(111) by (a) possibly removing the free hydrogen atoms on the surface and (b) interacting with the hydrocarbon species via the coadsorbate induced ordering mechanism. It is proposed that the Pd(111)-(square-root 3 X square-root 3) R 30-degrees-O + C2H3 ordered overlayer can arise from a combination of dipole-dipole interaction and charge transfer through the substrate. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP NASCENTE, PAP (reprint author), UNIV ESTADUAL CAMPINAS,INST FIS GLEB WATAGHIN,DEPT FIS APLICADA,BR-13081 CAMPINAS,SP,BRAZIL. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921; NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2342 EP 2346 DI 10.1116/1.577941 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300034 ER PT J AU BAER, DR HUBBARD, CW GORDON, RL AF BAER, DR HUBBARD, CW GORDON, RL TI PD, NI, AND CU OVERLAYERS ON POLYCRYSTALLINE RE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID FORMED RE-1-PERCENT PD; WORK FUNCTION; ELECTRONIC INTERACTIONS; BIMETALLIC SYSTEMS; SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; SHIFTS; FILMS; AU; AG AB Work function (WF) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements are reported for Pd, Ni, and Cu overlayers on polycrystalline Re specimens. Small amounts of Pd or Ni cause a decrease in the Re work function, consistent with electron transfer from the overlayer to the substrate. This result is contrary to indications of bulk electronegativity, but consistent with observed changes in binding energies for the metal overlayers. For Cu on Re, the direction of change for both the WF and Cu binding energy depend upon the thermal history of the specimen. RP BAER, DR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2391 EP 2393 DI 10.1116/1.577971 PN 3 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300043 ER PT J AU RAEKER, TJ DEPRISTO, AE AF RAEKER, TJ DEPRISTO, AE TI ALLOY FORMATION ENERGETICS AND DYNAMICS IN THE NI/CU(100) AND NI/CU(111) SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID CORRECTED EFFECTIVE-MEDIUM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SURFACE ALLOY; CO ADSORPTION; NI; SIMULATIONS; CU; RELAXATION; ENERGIES; LEED AB We investigate the diffusion, agglomeration, and alloy formation of Ni atoms and islands on Cu (100), Cu (111), and a stepped Cu (111) surface. Stochastic molecular dynamics simulations at constant temperatures are used in conjunction with the generation of all energies and forces from the semiempirical density functional based molecular-dynamics/Monte-Carlo corrected effective medium theory. At temperatures from 300 to 900 K, significant amounts of surface alloying occurs at step edges but not on terraces. The more favorable mechanism of alloy formation is for adatoms on the upper terrace to be incorporated near the step edge via displacement of the edge outwards. The alternative process of incorporation of an adatom on the lower terrace into the step is less favorable. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP RAEKER, TJ (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 34 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2396 EP 2399 DI 10.1116/1.577972 PN 3 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300044 ER PT J AU JENNISON, DR WEIGHTMAN, P AF JENNISON, DR WEIGHTMAN, P TI RADIAL DEPENDENCE OF SILICON KVV AND L23VV AUGER MATRIX-ELEMENTS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; LINE-SHAPES; SIMPLE METALS; KLV AUGER; SPECTRA; L2,3VV; MG AB We present calculations which show the radial dependence of the KVV and L23VV Auger matrix elements of silicon. We find greatly differing dependences, converging within approximately 1 a.u. of the nucleus in the case of the KVV, but not until approximately 4 a.u. in the case of the L23VV, well beyond the bond midpoint of approximately 2.2 a.u. We also find quite different dependences for the various elements within a particular CVV transition. Because the local density of states (LDOS) is dependent on the radius of the sphere of integration, our results suggest that different CVV Auger processes on the same atom in fact probe different LDOSs, as do even different contributions within the same transition. (This effect is separate from the well-known matrix element property which weights angular-momentum components differently.) These results call into question both the single-site LDOS approximation when used in the interpretation of low-energy (< 100 eV) Auger spectra, and the application to high-energy spectra of local densities of states obtained by integration over muffin-tin or Wigner-Seitz spheres which have a large radius compared to the region probed by the Auger process. C1 UNIV LIVERPOOL,IRC SURF SCI,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,ENGLAND. RP JENNISON, DR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV CONDENSED MATTER THEORY 1151,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2425 EP 2428 DI 10.1116/1.577978 PN 3 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300050 ER PT J AU SCHENTER, GK LAFEMINA, JP AF SCHENTER, GK LAFEMINA, JP TI SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACE AND INTERFACE DYNAMICS FROM TIGHT-BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID III-V-SEMICONDUCTORS; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; 110 SURFACES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ENERGY-MINIMIZATION; ATOMIC STRUCTURES; SB OVERLAYERS; GAAS(110); PHONONS; SILICON AB Tight-binding molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to compute the bulk, (110) surface, and (110)-p(1 X 1)-Sb(1 ML) interfacial atomic vibrational spectra for GaAs and InP. The same tight-binding total energy model that successfully described the static surface and interfacial atomic and electronic structure for these systems is utilized in the molecular dynamics simulations. The results for the bulk vibrational energies are in semiquantitative agreement with experimental results, displaying approximately the same level of variance as other model computations. Moreover, these simulations are used to examine the effects of anharmonicity in the system by investigating the temperature dependence of the vibrational spectra. The (110) surface vibrational energies are in quantitative agreement with the scattering data, and a comparison of the results for GaAs (110) and InP (110) supports the existance of a surface vibrational mode that is characteristic of the relaxed (110) surface, and whose energy is similar for each zinc blende (110) surface. Last, the computed vibrational energies for the III-V(110)-p(1 X 1)-Sb(1 ML) interface are in semiquantitative agreement with Raman scattering data and illustrate the effects of the overlayer binding on the surface vibrational spectrum. RP SCHENTER, GK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014 OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2429 EP 2435 DI 10.1116/1.577979 PN 3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300051 ER PT J AU STARKE, U HEINZ, K MATERER, N WANDER, A MICHL, M DOLL, R VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA AF STARKE, U HEINZ, K MATERER, N WANDER, A MICHL, M DOLL, R VANHOVE, MA SOMORJAI, GA TI LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF A DISORDERED MONOLAYER OF H2O ON PT(111) AND AN ORDERED THIN-FILM OF ICE GROWN ON PT(111) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID DIFFUSE LEED; WATER; ADSORPTION; SURFACE; PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; INTENSITIES; OXYGEN AB We have used a new low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) detector, that features a low beam current electron gun, to investigate for the first time the LEED intensities arising from a water-surface adsorption system. H2O adsorption structures are very sensitive to electron radiation damage. A disordered monolayer of H2O molecules is formed on Pt (111) at 160 K. Upon further exposure an ordered multilayer film is grown that yields new diffraction spots. The periodicity of the diffraction pattern of the multilayer structure is compatible with the model of a molecular ice crystal. Preliminary intensity versus energy spectra of the "ice crystal" are presented. The film thickness is estimated to be well above 10 angstrom. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG,LEHRSTUHL FESTKORPERPHYS,W-8520 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. RP STARKE, U (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 30 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2521 EP 2528 DI 10.1116/1.578092 PN 3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300066 ER PT J AU DURBIN, TD LINCE, JR YARMOFF, JA AF DURBIN, TD LINCE, JR YARMOFF, JA TI CHEMICAL INTERACTION OF THIN CR FILMS WITH THE MOS2(0001) SURFACE STUDIED BY X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY AND SCANNING AUGER MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID MOS2; ADSORPTION; FE AB The growth of chromium films on the MoS2(0001) surface has been studied with core-level x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning Auger microscopy. The films grown on room temperature surfaces result in a limited chemical reaction to produce metallic Mo and chromium sulfide(s). The surfaces of the films are relatively S-rich, while the bulk of the films contains smaller amounts of S. Mo is found only at the film/MoS2 interface and is not incorporated into the bulk of the overlayer. Annealing the Cr covered sample to 650-degrees-C and higher further drives the reaction between Cr and MoS2, and causes partial coalescence of the C1 AEROSPACE CORP,CTR MECH & MAT TECHNOL,EL SEGUNDO,CA 90245. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2529 EP 2534 DI 10.1116/1.578093 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300067 ER PT J AU ROSS, PN AF ROSS, PN TI TRENDS IN THE BONDING OF CO TO THE SURFACES OF PT3M ALLOYS (M=TI, CO, AND SN) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; ORBITAL METHOD; 001 SURFACE; METAL; CHEMISORPTION; SEGREGATION; VALENCE AB Studies of the surface composition and CO chemisorption on the [111] and [100] oriented single crystals of the isostructural [face-centered-cubic (fcc)] alloys of bulk stoichiometry Pt3M (M = Ti, Co, and Sn) are reviewed. In principle, the study of these alloys is ideal for separating ensemble effects from electronic effects in adsorbate bonding, since the surfaces of these ordered alloys formed by bulk truncation have the M atoms in fixed positions without any M-M pair sites. Also by varying M from Ti to Co to Sn one can examine the effect of the d and s-p orbital contributions to the intermetallic bond on the binding energy of CO. In practice, one must account for surface segregation, and the formation of surfaces that do not have the ideal structure and composition. The strength of the intermetallic bond is found to play a major role in determining the composition of the surface. In the very exothermic alloys Pt3Ti and Pt3Sn, the thermodynamic tendency for the atom with the lower surface energy to be at the surface determines which of the two bulk planes forms the surface plane in the [100] orientation, either pure Pt(Pt3Ti) or 50% M(Pt3Sn). In CoPt3 where the intermetallic bonding is relatively weak, the lower surface energy of Pt produces pure Pt planes on both the [111] and [100] orientations. Photoemission and thermal desorption studies show that the intermetallic bonding in all three alloys has only a small effect on the binding energy of CO, a decrease in adsorption energy of 20 kJ/mol. The surprising invariance of adsorption energy on Pt3M surfaces having such a large variation in the d-orbital configuration of the M atom is attributed to the predominance of s-p orbital contributions to the intermetallic bond in these alloys. RP ROSS, PN (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 42 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2546 EP 2550 DI 10.1116/1.578096 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300070 ER PT J AU RUCKMAN, MW JIANG, LQ STRONGIN, M AF RUCKMAN, MW JIANG, LQ STRONGIN, M TI STUDY OF PALLADIUM MONOLAYER AND MULTILAYER ON TA(110) BETWEEN 300-K AND 1500-K SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PD; SURFACE; NB(110); GROWTH; W(110); METAL; PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION AB Core level photoemission was used to study the growth and thermal modification of Pd films deposited on Ta(110) between 300 and 1500 K. The Ta(110) substrate had Ta 4f core level spectral components which could be identified with the Ta(110) terrace and edge sites. The deposition of Pd causes a 175 +/- 100 meV shift of these surface-related core level components. Little or no additional core level shift is seen when the interface is modified by heating. A decrease in the intensity of the bulk Ta 4f component is observed and is consistent with the growth of a Pd-Ta surface alloy. However, changes in the ratio of the components derived from the edge and terrace sites argue for changes in the size of the Ta(110) terraces due to the preferential growth of the alloy phase at the edges or the development of additional surface facets. These changes in surface morphology appear to be reversed when the Ta substrate becomes hot enough to remove the Pd. RP RUCKMAN, MW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2551 EP 2555 DI 10.1116/1.578097 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300071 ER PT J AU MALIK, IJ HRBEK, J AF MALIK, IJ HRBEK, J TI VERY HIGH ATOMIC OXYGEN COVERAGES ON RU(001) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID SURFACE; RUTHENIUM; OXIDATION; SPECTROSCOPY; COADSORPTION; OVERLAYERS; ADSORPTION; PT(111); CO AB Very high oxygen coverages-up to theta(O) almost-equal-to 40 (forty)-were obtained by dissociative adsorption of NO2 on Ru(001) at elevated temperatures. O2 desorption data show three desorption peaks at almost-equal-to 1100, almost-equal-to 1000, and almost-equal-to 900 K, and suggest strong oxygen-oxygen repulsions in the overlayer. An Arrhenius plot of the leading edge desorption rates of the 900 K peak yields E(A) = 53 kcal/mol, implying zero-order desorption kinetics. 02 is the only desorption product for theta(O) < 3; additional RuOx+ (x = 0-3) species were detected at higher coverages. However, neither the O 1s and Ru 3d core levels, nor the valence band spectra showed any evidence for chemical changes, i.e., an oxide formation. The process of an underlayer formation as a distinct stage in the oxidation of the Ru metal will be discussed in terms of a model for subsurface penetration of O on transition metals. RP MALIK, IJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 21 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2565 EP 2569 DI 10.1116/1.578100 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300074 ER PT J AU LESSOR, DL DUKE, CB CHEN, XM BRANDES, GR CANTER, KF FORD, WK AF LESSOR, DL DUKE, CB CHEN, XM BRANDES, GR CANTER, KF FORD, WK TI LOW-ENERGY POSITRON DIFFRACTION FROM GAAS(110) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CLEAVAGE FACES; 110 SURFACES; CU(111); SEMICONDUCTORS; INTENSITIES; GEOMETRY; CU(100); CDSE AB Intensities of 16 beams of near normal incidence positrons have been measured at T = 120 K and analyzed using a multiple scattering model of the low-energy positron diffraction (LEPD) process. Excellent correspondence between the measured and calculated intensities is obtained for a reconstruction that is primarily a bond-length-conserving rotation of the top layer, with As relaxed outward and Ga inward with a tilt angle omega-1 = 28.6 +/- 3-degrees, confirming the results of previous structure analyses for this surface. The quality of the description of the measured intensities, as measured by the x-ray R factor, is significantly better for LEPD than for low-energy electron diffraction. This result is attributed to the repulsive character of the positron-ion core potential and a resulting more surface sensitive diffraction process for LEPD. C1 XEROX CORP, WEBSTER RES CTR, WEBSTER, NY 14580 USA. BRANDEIS UNIV, DEPT PHYS, WALTHAM, MA 02254 USA. MONTANA STATE UNIV, CTR ADV MAT, BOZEMAN, MT 59717 USA. MONTANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BOZEMAN, MT 59717 USA. RP LESSOR, DL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, K5-17 ISB-1, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2585 EP 2590 DI 10.1116/1.578104 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300078 ER PT J AU WILSON, NG STILL, GJ WARD, CO AF WILSON, NG STILL, GJ WARD, CO TI HISTORICAL-PERSPECTIVE OF VACUUM-SYSTEM APPLICATION AT THE NEVADA TEST SITE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB From the beginning of nuclear-device testing at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in 1951 to the present, the U. S. Nuclear weapons laboratories have used high-vacuum environment in a wide range of applications. Nuclear measurement and diagnostic devices used in the test procedures require vacuum levels from 10(-1) to less than 10(-7) Torr. Researchers also need these vacuum levels to control the experimental environment when they study the effects of nuclear weapons on materials, devices, structures, or weapon system components. To produce the required vacuum environments in volumes up to 10(7) l, researchers have used the following pumping systems: simple pumping apparatus, such as oil-sealed, rotary-vane mechanical pumps (pumping speeds as low as 2 l/s); conventional, multistage, cascade pumping arrangements of oil diffusion, Roots blowers, and high-speed mechanical pumps (pumping speeds greater than 100 000 l/s); and state-of-the-art, high-speed cryogenic, sputter-ion, turbomolecular, and evaporable or nonevaporable getter pumps (pumping speeds from 10 to more than 30 000 l/s). More often, these pumping systems are remote from their operational control points. This paper describes these high-reliability vacuum systems and their engineering, design, and fabrication. C1 EG&G,AMADOR VALLEY OPERAT,PLEASANTON,CA 94566. RP WILSON, NG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2609 EP 2618 DI 10.1116/1.577946 PN 3 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300083 ER PT J AU BASFORD, JA AF BASFORD, JA TI TESTING OF TURBOMOLECULAR PUMPS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB Turbomolecular pumps (TMPs) are used to provide clean pumping to attain pressures down into the 10(-10) Torr range. Some of our data indicated that the pumping speeds and compression ratios claimed by some manufacturers of TMPs were greatly overstated. To measure these parameters, an apparatus was constructed following AVS recommended practices. Hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, and argon were used as test gases, with their flow rates controlled to provide inlet pressures over the range 10(-6)-10(-2) Torr for pumping speed measurements and exhaust pressures over the range 0-1 Torr for compression ratio measurements. Ten pumps from eight manufacturers were tested, all with 6 in. o.d. Conflat flanges at their inlets. Wide variations were found between the pumps, with the specifications of the manufacturers met by only a few pumps. Pumping speeds varied from 0.3 to 1.1 times those specified by the manufacturers. Compression ratios were frequently exaggerated by a factor of 10 or more. As expected, four of the pumps, equipped with coaxial molecular drag pumping sections, had much larger compression ratios than conventional pumps, particularly for the light gases. RP BASFORD, JA (reprint author), MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,OAK RIDGE Y-12 PLANT,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2623 EP 2628 DI 10.1116/1.577948 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300085 ER PT J AU CHOU, TS BITTNER, J SCHUCHMAN, J AF CHOU, TS BITTNER, J SCHUCHMAN, J TI PUMPING BEHAVIOR OF SPUTTERING ION-PUMP SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC AB To optimize the design of a distributed ion pump (DIP) for the superconducting x-ray lithography source, the stability of the rotating electron cloud at very high magnetic field beyond transition [W. Schuurman, Physica 43, 513 (1969)] must be re-examined. In this work the pumping speed and frequency spectrum of a DIP at various voltages (1-10 kV) and various magnetic fields (0.1-4 T) are measured. Three cell diameters 10, 5, and 2.5 mm, each 8 mm long, and with 3 or 4 mm gaps between anode and cathode are investigated. In this study both the titanium cathodes and the stainless steel anode plates are perforated with holes comparable in size to the anode cell diameters. Only the partially saturated pumping behavior is under investigation. The ultimate pressure and conditioning of the pump will be investigated at a later date when the stability criterion for the electron cloud is better understood. RP CHOU, TS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2639 EP 2641 DI 10.1116/1.577951 PN 3 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300088 ER PT J AU KNAPP, JA BARBOUR, JC DOYLE, BL AF KNAPP, JA BARBOUR, JC DOYLE, BL TI ION-BEAM ANALYSIS FOR DEPTH PROFILING SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETRY HIBS; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; NUCLEAR-REACTION; LIGHT-ELEMENTS; SENSITIVITY; SCATTERING; HYDROGEN AB New techniques in the application of ion beam analysis to depth profiling in solids are briefly surveyed. These include (1) non-Rutherford backscattering analysis using high energy beams, (2) resonant nuclear reaction analysis, (3) time-of-flight elastic recoil detection spectrometry, and (4) heavy ion backscattering spectrometry. The last can be used for very precise depth profiling in one configuration, or as a very sensitive trace contaminant analysis in another configuration. RP KNAPP, JA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2685 EP 2690 DI 10.1116/1.577959 PN 3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300096 ER PT J AU HANER, AH ROSS, PN BARDI, U ATREI, A AF HANER, AH ROSS, PN BARDI, U ATREI, A TI SURFACE-COMPOSITION DETERMINATION OF PT-SN ALLOYS BY CHEMICAL TITRATION WITH CARBON-MONOXIDE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID THERMAL-DESORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY ION SCATTERING; CO; ADSORPTION; PT(111); CHEMISORPTION; H-2 AB The use of chemical titration with carbon monoxide to determine the surface composition of Pt-Sn alloys was studied using Pt3Sn single crystals of known surface composition. The surface composition of the (111) and (100) faces were determined independently by the combination of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) crystallography and low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). CO was adsorbed on these surfaces to saturation at 250 K and thermally desorbed into a mass spectrometer. The area under the thermal desorption spectroscopy curve for the alloy surface was compared to the area under the curve for the pure Pt surface of the same orientation. The ratios were 0.5 +/- 0.05 for Pt3Sn (100) and 0.7 +/- 0.05 for Pt3Sn (111), in excellent agreement with the 50% Pt and 75% Pt surface compositions derived from LEED and LEIS. The success of the titration method in this case appears to be due to (a) selective adsorption of CO on Pt atoms and (b) the relatively weak effect of the Pt-Sn intermetallic bond on the Pt-CO bonding. C1 UNIV FLORENCE,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM,I-50121 FLORENCE,ITALY. RP HANER, AH (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2718 EP 2722 DI 10.1116/1.577964 PN 3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300101 ER PT J AU WU, X BHATIA, S KING, TS AF WU, X BHATIA, S KING, TS TI SUPPORTED CATALYST CHARACTERIZATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID HYDROGEN CHEMISORPTION; BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; ADSORBED HYDROGEN; SURFACE SEGREGATION; RUTHENIUM; COPPER; ALLOYS; CU; NMR AB Small Ru- and Pt-containing mono- and bimetallic particles supported on silica were characterized using both theoretical thermodynamic simulations and experimental nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of chemisorbed hydrogen. The thermodynamic Monte Carlo simulations have provided detailed information on the morphologies, surface structures, and surface compositions of Ru-Cu and Pt-Cu bimetallic particles. For small Ru and Pt crystallites, a significant fraction of surface atoms populate defect-like edge and corner sites (e.g., 20% of total surface atoms for a particle with a dispersion of 0.31). These sites are preferentially occupied by copper. NMR of chemisorbed hydrogen is a surface-sensitive technique and has been used to measure the overall surface composition of the bimetallic particles and reveal subtle changes in the surface electronic environments due to addition of a second metal (copper) or a surface contaminant (chlorine or sulfur). The surface composition results determined from thermodynamic simulations are in agreement with those from proton NMR measurements for a series of 4% Ru-Cu/SiO2 and a series of 5% Pt-Cu/SiO2 bimetallic catalysts. Chlorine and sulfur are capable of inhibiting hydrogen chemisorption on Ru surfaces at a less-than-monolayer coverage. This observation and also the observed decrease in proton Knight shifts with increasing Cl coverage (less pronounced for S) on Ru surfaces were attributed to a short-ranged, "through-the-surface" electronic effect. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP WU, X (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM ENGN,231 SWEENEY HALL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2729 EP 2736 DI 10.1116/1.577901 PN 3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300103 ER PT J AU DIEBOLD, AC MAILLOT, P GORDON, M BAYLIS, J CHACON, J WITOWSKI, R ARLINGHAUS, HF KNAPP, JA DOYLE, BL AF DIEBOLD, AC MAILLOT, P GORDON, M BAYLIS, J CHACON, J WITOWSKI, R ARLINGHAUS, HF KNAPP, JA DOYLE, BL TI EVALUATION OF SURFACE-ANALYSIS METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF TRACE-METAL SURFACE CONTAMINANTS FOUND IN SILICON INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT MANUFACTURING SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38TH NATIONAL SYMP OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOC CY NOV 11-15, 1991 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER VACUUM SOC ID BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETRY HIBS; RESONANCE IONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIVITY AB We report a preliminary investigation of surface analytical methods used to evaluate trace metal contaminants on silicon wafer surfaces. The methods discussed include sputter induced postionization methods, backscattering spectrometry, total reflection x-ray fluorescence, and a sample preparation method known as vapor phase decomposition. In order to initiate the evaluation, a series of silicon wafers was dosed with transition metal contaminants Cu and Fe and then analyzed with total reflection x-ray fluorescence, sputter induced resonant ionization spectroscopy, and heavy ion backscattering spectroscopy. One wafer with low concentrations of Fe was analyzed by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. As a result of this study, we are pursuing improved capability in several areas including standards. Heavy ion backscattering spectrometry is suggested as a means of verifying surface dosed silicon wafer standard. C1 ATOM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP DIEBOLD, AC (reprint author), SEMATECH,2706 MONTOPOLIS DR,AUSTIN,TX 78741, USA. NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2945 EP 2952 DI 10.1116/1.577734 PN 3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE683 UT WOS:A1992JE68300140 ER PT J AU HORACHE, E FISCHER, JE RUCKMAN, MW AF HORACHE, E FISCHER, JE RUCKMAN, MW TI PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF OXYGEN-ADSORPTION ON TERNARY SILICIDES SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL SILICIDES; MARKER EXPERIMENTS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SILICON-OXIDE; OXIDATION; SI; SURFACES; NISI2; DISILICIDES AB Molecular oxygen adsorption on several ternary silicides (Ti4M4Si7, M = Ni,Co) and (TiFeSi2) is studied using photoemission. The valence band spectrum shows that the O2 dissociates on adsorption and suggests that an exposure of a few hundred langmuirs is sufficient to completely cover the surface with a layer of atomic oxygen. Si 2p core-level spectra show that oxygen bonds with the silicon and photoemission peaks from all oxidation states of silicon are observed. 3p core levels from the metallic elements like titanium do not show core-level components indicating the formation of metal-oxygen bonds. The bonding of oxygen to silicon could be due to silicon termination of the surface or maybe due to energetics which favor silicon-oxygen bond formation over metal-oxygen bond formation, the breaking of silicon-silicon bonds rather than silicon-metal bonds or the breaking of the fewest atomic bonds. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP HORACHE, E (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,RES STRUCT MATTER LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1323 EP 1328 DI 10.1116/1.585862 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000010 ER PT J AU OSORIO, R BERNARD, JE FROYEN, S ZUNGER, A AF OSORIO, R BERNARD, JE FROYEN, S ZUNGER, A TI THERMODYNAMICS OF SURFACE-INDUCED ORDERING IN THE GA1-XINXP ALLOY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; V-SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; LONG-RANGE ORDER; GAINP; RECONSTRUCTIONS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; MICROSCOPY; MECHANISM; ENERGIES AB The occurrence of spontaneous CuPt-like ordering in epitaxial Ga1-xInxP alloys is examined by means of a thermodynamic theory. We treat both cation- and anion-terminated surfaces. We find that the order parameter of the observed CuPtB variant is significant for reconstructed cation-terminated surfaces even at preparation temperatures. A possible mechanism for the formation of the three-dimensional CuPtB structure involves partial equilibration of the cation-terminated reconstructed surface followed by freezing of the cations as the surface is buried by newly deposited layers. C1 UNIV BRASILIA,DEPT FIS,BR-70910 BRASILIA,DF,BRAZIL. RP OSORIO, R (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1683 EP 1688 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000070 ER PT J AU DANDREA, RG DUKE, CB ZUNGER, A AF DANDREA, RG DUKE, CB ZUNGER, A TI INTERFACIAL ATOMIC-STRUCTURE AND BAND OFFSETS AT SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAAS; HETEROINTERFACES; HETEROSTRUCTURE; SUPERLATTICES; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; DEPOSITION; DIFFUSION; STABILITY AB The relationship between interfacial atomic structure and band offsets at semiconductor heterojunctions is explored through first-principles local density functional calculations. In particular, the effects of variations in interfacial geometry are analyzed for (001) interfaces between III-V/III-V materials. For the AC/BC case of a common atom, isovalent A-B intermixing in the noncommon atomic planes near the interface does not affect the band offset, even in the case of large lattice-mismatched systems. For quaternary AB/CD systems, there are two possible chemically abrupt interfaces (A-D or B-C); these can have offsets that differ by up to 80 meV. In those cases where the chemically abrupt AB/CD offset depends on the interfacial identity, intermixing leads to offset variations which are directly related to the offset difference between the chemically abrupt A-D and B-C interfaces. The differing behavior of common-atom versus noncommon-atom systems is analyzed in terms of the symmetry of the nearest-neighbor environment surrounding an atomic site of a composition change. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RP DANDREA, RG (reprint author), XEROX CORP, WEBSTER RES CTR, WEBSTER, NY 14580 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 36 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1744 EP 1753 DI 10.1116/1.586234 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000081 ER PT J AU KIM, CY KING, PL PIANETTA, P AF KIM, CY KING, PL PIANETTA, P TI FERMI-LEVEL INHOMOGENEITIES ON THE GAAS (110) SURFACE IMAGED WITH A PHOTOELECTRON MICROSCOPE SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SCHOTTKY-BARRIER FORMATION; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; GAAS(110); DEFECTS; AU AB A photoelectron microscope operating with a retarding field analyzer can exploit core level energy shifts in order to image Fermi-level variations of semiconductor surfaces. Fermi-level maps of cleaved n- and p-type GaAs (110) resolved to better than 10-mu-m indicate lateral variations in the surface Fermi level which are often quite abrupt. In agreement with earlier, lower resolution work [J. M. Palau, E. Testemale, and L. Lassabatere, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 19, 192 (1981)],1 Fermi-level topography is found to be highly correlated with surface roughness as characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope, and stylus profilometer. Defective fracture surfaces have two distinct characters within SEM resolution: linear defects (steps and ledges) that may extend over millimeters and smooth glassy areas. Both types of surface defects shift the Fermi level towards midgap. The largest defect derived pinnings encountered to date result in the Fermi level lying 0.5 eV above the valence-band maximum for both n- and p-type GaAs. Submonolayer In evaporations reduce Fermi-level variations by shifting surface Fermi levels in formerly unpinned regions into the gap. RP KIM, CY (reprint author), STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1944 EP 1948 DI 10.1116/1.586163 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000117 ER PT J AU BOWLER, AM HERMANSON, JC LAFEMINA, JP DUKE, CB AF BOWLER, AM HERMANSON, JC LAFEMINA, JP DUKE, CB TI SURFACE ATOMIC-STRUCTURE AND BONDING OF GAAS(110)-P(1X1)-BI (1-ML) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID III-V-SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SB OVERLAYERS; 110 SURFACES; ENERGY-MINIMIZATION; GAAS(110); BI/GAAS(110); INP(110); ANTIMONY; STATES AB The surface atomic and electronic structure of GaAs(110)-p(1 X 1)-Bi (1 ML) has been examined using a tight-binding total-energy (TBTE) model. Two structural candidates were considered; the epitaxial continued-layer structure (ECLS) and the epitaxial on-top structure (EOTS). The TBTE computations indicate that the ECLS is more stable than the EOTS by approximately 0.06 eV/surface atom/unit cell in agreement with a recent low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) intensity analysis which selected the ECLS as the best-fit structure. The predicted TBTE structural parameters for the ECLS are in good agreement with the best-fit LEED results. The energy difference between the ECLS and EOTS is much smaller for the Bi/GaAs interface than for the Sb/GaAs interface (approximately 0.11 eV/surface atom/unit cell) in agreement with the proposition that the relative stability of the ECLS and EOTS is a function of the overlayer-substrate mismatch; with the EOTS being favored for larger overlayer-substrate mismatch. The primary difference between the bonding of Bi and Sb to the GaAs (110) surface is the occurrence of s-p hybridization in the Bi derived surface states. Both the Bi s and p states hybridize with the substrate atom orbitals and change the character of the adsorbate-substrate bonding. We find that both the ECLS and EOTS have similar surface electronic structures; the energies and dispersions of the predicted surface bound states for both structures are in good agreement with photoemission data. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. XEROX CORP, WEBSTER RES CTR, WEBSTER, NY 14580 USA. RP BOWLER, AM (reprint author), MONTANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BOZEMAN, MT 59717 USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1953 EP 1958 DI 10.1116/1.586165 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000119 ER PT J AU YANG, X CAO, R TERRY, J PIANETTA, P AF YANG, X CAO, R TERRY, J PIANETTA, P TI SI(100) AND GE(100) CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS - A REEVALUATION SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SYNCHROTRON PHOTOEMISSION; SURFACE; SI(001); SB; RECONSTRUCTION; SI(111); GE AB High resolution core level photoemission was used to study the Si 2p core levels of the clean Si(100) surface and other related surfaces, and the Ge 3d core level of the clean Ge(100) surface and other related surfaces. Two surface components S and S' for the Si 2p core level from the clean Si (100) surface have been resolved. The S and S' components were resolved for the Ge 3d core level from clean Ge(100) surface for the first time. On both surfaces, S and S' components are identified to be the contribution from surface dimer atoms and the subsurface layer, respectively. RP YANG, X (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2013 EP 2017 DI 10.1116/1.586177 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000131 ER PT J AU TERMINELLO, LJ BARTON, JJ LAPIANOSMITH, DA AF TERMINELLO, LJ BARTON, JJ LAPIANOSMITH, DA TI NEAR-SURFACE ATOM IMAGING USING MULTIPLE-ENERGY PHOTOELECTRON HOLOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED-FINE-STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION PATTERNS; PHOTOEMISSION; SCATTERING; ELECTRON; GEOMETRY; WAVES AB Copper atoms near a (100) single crystal face were imaged using multiple-energy photoelectron holography. Experimental holograms were extracted from Cu 3p photoelectron angular distributions that were measured at nine kinetic energies from 268 to 477 eV. Synchrotron radiation was used to excite the 3p core electrons to these energies. Each hologram was Fourier transformed and then multiple-energy phase summed to produce higher fidelity atom images. With this demonstration of the multiple-energy method substantial resolution improvement, twin image suppression, and artifact removal was achieved. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP TERMINELLO, LJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2088 EP 2091 DI 10.1116/1.586323 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA JJ600 UT WOS:A1992JJ60000146 ER PT J AU EBERHARDT, LL SIMMONS, MA AF EBERHARDT, LL SIMMONS, MA TI ASSESSING RATES OF INCREASE FROM TREND DATA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Wildlife researchers often use trend data to estimate rates of increase. Consequently, we simulated the growth of populations of 3 species of mammals to assess the accuracy and precision of methods that estimate rates of change from population trend data. Our results indicate that the record of trend of an individual population may provide a relatively unbiased estimate of the underlying rate of change, but it does not appear to contain the information needed to make statements about the likely behavior of similar populations, or to compare trends in different populations. Projections of future trend of an individual population may be best obtained by simple linear regression on logarithms of counts. Confidence limits on such projections were satisfactory for short-term projections in some examples we provide. RP EBERHARDT, LL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 56 IS 3 BP 603 EP 610 DI 10.2307/3808878 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA JE904 UT WOS:A1992JE90400026 ER PT J AU SIMMONS, MA CULLINAN, VI THOMAS, JM AF SIMMONS, MA CULLINAN, VI THOMAS, JM TI SATELLITE IMAGERY AS A TOOL TO EVALUATE ECOLOGICAL SCALE SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Methods for detecting scale and dispersion of plant cover developed by Carlile et al. (1989, Landscape Ecology 2: 203-213) were adapted to information obtained from satellite imagery. Scales were found to be on the order of 100 m in the shrub-steppe area of southeastern Washington. General agreement between the remotely sensed data and plant cover using the variance and correlation methods of Carlile et al. indicate that remote sensing information can be used in the design of field studies for measuring the processes controlling plant cover in semi-arid areas; the agreement also suggests that the methods have broad applicability in the determination of scale and dispersion. RP SIMMONS, MA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU S P B ACADEMIC PUBLISHING BV PI LELYSTAD PA PLATINASTRAAT 33, 8211 AR LELYSTAD, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 2 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1007/BF02418939 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA JF615 UT WOS:A1992JF61500001 ER PT J AU AJAYI, OO ERDEMIR, A HSIEH, JH ERCK, RA FENSKE, GR AF AJAYI, OO ERDEMIR, A HSIEH, JH ERCK, RA FENSKE, GR TI COMBINED SOLID AND LIQUID LUBRICATION OF SILICON-NITRIDE UNDER BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS SO LUBRICATION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CERAMICS; FRICTION; WEAR; FILMS AB Despite the favorable prospects of ceramic materials for tribological applications, the materials' high friction and wear under dry sliding contact necessitate the need for lubrication. The present study showed that an effective way of lubricating ceramic surfaces under boundary conditions both at room temperature and at high temperatures of 150-degrees-C and 250-degrees-C was the combined effect of solid, i.e., soft metal-Ag, and liquid lubricants, i.e., polyol-ester-based synthetic oil. Compared to dry sliding of uncoated materials, oil-lubricated sliding of silver-coated silicon nitride surfaces resulted, for the conditions tested, in a decrease of the friction coefficient by a factor of 18 (0.9 vs. 0.05) and of specific wear rate by more than four orders of magnitude (10(7) vs. 10(-7) mm3/N.m). The Ag coating, which was formed in part by ion-beam-assisted deposition, was effective in preventing ceramic-to-ceramic contact under boundary-lubricated regimes. The only observed drawback was the occurrence of a chemical interaction between the Ag film and sulfur from the oil, which reduced the durability of the Ag film. RP AJAYI, OO (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT & COMPONENTS TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 838 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 SN 0024-7154 J9 LUBR ENG JI Lubric. Eng. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 48 IS 7 BP 584 EP 591 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA JE667 UT WOS:A1992JE66700006 ER PT J AU FU, CL YOO, MH AF FU, CL YOO, MH TI ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR OF TRANSITION-METAL ALUMINIDES - A 1ST-PRINCIPLES TOTAL-ENERGY INVESTIGATION SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; FRACTURE; FEAL; ALLOYS; EMBRITTLEMENT; DEFORMATION; NI3AL; BORON AB First-principles quantum mechanical calculations based on the local-density-functional theory have been used together with the anisotropic elasticity theory of dislocations to study the electronic and mechanical properties of transition-metal aluminides. The bonding mechanism can be described by the combination of Al-to-transition metal charge transfer and strong p-d bonding hybridization effects. Point defect self-energies, elastic constants, various shear fault energies, and cleavage energies are determined from first-principles for the L1(2) (Ni3Al and trialuminides), B2 (FeAl and NiAl), and L1(0) (TiAl) structure-base intermetallics. A comprehensive understanding of the bonding mechanism, point defect structure, yield strength anomaly, and brittle fracture behavior forms the basis for a better assessment of extrinsic effects on the strength and ductility of aluminides (e.g., hydrogen in FeAl, and boron in Ni3Al). RP FU, CL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 33 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 EI 1879-3312 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 1 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1016/0254-0584(92)90244-3 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JM179 UT WOS:A1992JM17900002 ER PT J AU RISSER, SM FERRIS, KF AF RISSER, SM FERRIS, KF TI ENHANCEMENTS OF LOCAL ELECTRIC-FIELDS IN INHOMOGENEOUS DIELECTRIC MEDIA BY MICROSTRUCTURAL DEFECTS SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE AB The complex microstructure present in most dielectric films prevents exact calculations of the film dielectric properties. We have developed a finite element method to determine the local electric field and polarization in inhomogeneous media. The local field intensities in media exhibit a much broader range of magnitudes than predicted or accommodated by effective medium approximation methods. These large fluctuations may contribute to the large variation in optical materials failure rates, especially when the failure mechanism is field-intensity dependent. RP RISSER, SM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 14 IS 2-3 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.1016/0167-577X(92)90182-J PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE954 UT WOS:A1992JE95400004 ER PT J AU CHEN, JG SHI, DL WAYMAN, CM MCGINN, PJ CHEN, WH ZHU, N AF CHEN, JG SHI, DL WAYMAN, CM MCGINN, PJ CHEN, WH ZHU, N TI A TEM STUDY OF GRAIN-BOUNDARIES IN ZONE-MELTED YBA2CU3OX SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT CRITICAL CURRENT; CRITICAL CURRENT-DENSITY; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MICROSTRUCTURE; BICRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR AB Grain boundaries in zone-melted YBa2Cu3Ox have been studied in detail by means of transmission electron microscopy. Tilt and twist types of low-angle grain boundaries have been observed, which are composed of both edge and screw dislocations. These boundaries possess high crystal coherence and intimate contact. The low-angle boundaries are also found to be free of second phases. Direct dc transport critical current density, J(c), at 77 K shows great improvement in the zone-melted sample compared with that of a conventionally sintered sample. The relationship between the enhanced J(c) and the low-angle grain boundaries is discussed. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT ELECT ENGN,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. RP CHEN, JG (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 14 IS 2-3 BP 177 EP 181 DI 10.1016/0167-577X(92)90199-T PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JE954 UT WOS:A1992JE95400021 ER PT J AU CARLSON, BC AF CARLSON, BC TI A TABLE OF ELLIPTIC INTEGRALS - 2 QUADRATIC FACTORS SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION LA English DT Article AB Thirteen integrands that are rational except for the square root of a quartic polynomial with two pairs of conjugate complex zeros are integrated in terms of R-functions of real variables. In contrast with previous tables, the formulas hold for all real intervals of integration for which the integrals exist (possibly as Cauchy principal values). This is achieved by using Landen's transformation and the duplication theorem. In an appendix, an elliptic integral of the third kind with a restricted complex parameter is transformed to make the parameter real. Also. a degenerate integral of the first kind is separated into real and imaginary parts. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,AMES,IA 50011. RP CARLSON, BC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0025-5718 J9 MATH COMPUT JI Math. Comput. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 59 IS 199 BP 165 EP 180 DI 10.2307/2152988 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA JE733 UT WOS:A1992JE73300012 ER PT J AU LEE, JK YOO, MH AF LEE, JK YOO, MH TI THEORY OF SHAPE BIFURCATION DURING NUCLEATION IN SOLIDS SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT G MARSHALL POUND MEMORIAL SYMP ON THE KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS, AT THE 1990 FALL MEETING OF THE MINERALS, METALS AND MATERIALS SOC CY OCT 08-12, 1990 CL DETROIT, MI SP MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, AMER SOC MET INT ID ELASTIC STRAIN-ENERGY AB The shape bifurcation theory of Johnson and Cahn [1] is extended to a solid-state nucleation in order to predict the critical nucleus shape as a function of the nucleation driving force. For the case of homogeneous nucleation, the relationship between the nucleation driving force and the nucleus shape reveals characteristics similar to the well-known temperature effects on the isothermal pressure-volume variations of a van der Waals fluid. When the elastic strain energy is a strong function of the nucleus aspect ratio in the neighborhood of a high-symmetry morphology, such as a sphere or a cube, the shape transition is a continuous type, analogous to a smooth pressure-volume change in a van der Waals fluid above the critical temperature. On the other hand, if the elastic energy changes significantly only with small aspect ratios, the shape transition becomes a discontinuous type, analogous to the first-order liquid-to-vapor phase transition below the critical temperature. Results of an elementary model for heterogeneous nucleation also exhibit a similar bifurcation nature, here the potency of a heterogeneous nucleation site replacing the role of the temperature in the phase diagram of a van der Waals fluid. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LEE, JK (reprint author), MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,HOUGHTON,MI 49931, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JUL PY 1992 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1891 EP 1900 DI 10.1007/BF02647539 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JC404 UT WOS:A1992JC40400007 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, KC GARNER, FA AF RUSSELL, KC GARNER, FA TI THERMAL AND IRRADIATION-INDUCED PHASE-SEPARATION IN FE-NI BASED INVAR-TYPE ALLOYS SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CONCENTRATED ALLOYS; IRON-METEORITES; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; DECOMPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; SEGREGATION; INSTABILITY; NUCLEATION AB We summarize and review critically the existing experimental and theoretical evidence concerning both thermal and irradiation-induced high-temperature miscibility gaps in Fe-Ni based Invar-type alloys. Independent data regarding phase separation are obtained from studies on magnetic, low-expansion Invar-type alloys and model austenitic Fe-Ni based alloys studied for potential nuclear applications. The response of these alloys to long-term thermal aging is found to be inconsistent with that of single-phase alloys predicted by most accepted or proposed phase diagrams. These alloys show anomalies in numerous properties which suggest compositional or magnetic heterogeneities or both. We herein model the kinetics and thermodynamics of spinodal decomposition and nucleation in these alloys under thermal conditions. The absence of models for surface energy and gradient energy in systems with negative departure from ideality severely limits our analysis of the kinetics of both nucleation and spinodal decomposition. We can combine our calculations with those of others and also with experimental studies of decomposition to reach a conclusion that suggests a high-temperature miscibility gap for Fe-Ni alloys in the Invar regime. The gap is found to be very narrow at high temperatures but to be broadened at low temperatures by magnetic effects. Alloys in the Invar composition range have been subjected to a variety of high fluence irradiation treatments in the 725 to 1000 K temperature range. The result in most cases was large-scale decomposition into approximately 25 and 50 pct Ni phases. The apparent miscibility gap under irradiation is much wider than that observed thermally. We discuss these observations in the light of existing theories of irradiation-induced or irradiation-altered alloy decomposition. We conclude that although irradiation-enhanced diffusion speeds up phase separation, other processes must be operating to produce the greatly widened miscibility gap. C1 MIT, DEPT NUCL ENGN, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MIT, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 68 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JUL PY 1992 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1963 EP 1976 DI 10.1007/BF02647544 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JC404 UT WOS:A1992JC40400012 ER PT J AU LEE, EH MANSUR, LK AF LEE, EH MANSUR, LK TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHASE-STABILITY AND VOID SWELLING IN FE-CR-NI ALLOYS DURING IRRADIATION SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT G MARSHALL POUND MEMORIAL SYMP ON THE KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS, AT THE 1990 FALL MEETING OF THE MINERALS, METALS AND MATERIALS SOC CY OCT 08-12, 1990 CL DETROIT, MI SP MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, AMER SOC MET INT ID MODIFIED AUSTENITIC ALLOY; DUAL-ION IRRADIATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; TI; SUPPRESSION; MECHANISMS; OXYGEN; METALS AB Austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni steels are potential candidate alloys for structural materials in both fast breeder and magnetic fusion reactors. However, void swelling and phase instability during irradiation have been major problems limiting the properties and useful lifetimes of these materials and thus have been the subject of intensive investigations. Cavity nucleation in steels subjected to displacement damage is strongly influenced by the interactions between helium atoms and precipitates which are formed during irradiation. Several important mechanisms regarding gas atom-precipitate interactions and principles for the design of radiation-resistant alloys are critically examined. Central concepts derived from theory, including the critical radius and critical number of gas atoms, cavity-precipitate interactions, and relative sink strengths for point defects, are applied to the interpretation of experimental data. RP LEE, EH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JUL PY 1992 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1977 EP 1986 DI 10.1007/BF02647545 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JC404 UT WOS:A1992JC40400013 ER PT J AU RAWERS, JC DUNNING, JS ASAI, G REED, RP AF RAWERS, JC DUNNING, JS ASAI, G REED, RP TI CHARACTERIZATION OF STAINLESS-STEELS MELTED UNDER HIGH NITROGEN PRESSURE SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Mechanical properties of stainless steels increase with increasing nitrogen concentration. Currently, the maximum nitrogen concentration in commercial stainless steels is 0.8 wt pct. In this study, type 304 and 316 stainless steels were melted and cooled in a hot-isostatic-pressure (HIP) furnace using nitrogen as the pressurizing gas, producing alloys with nitrogen concentrations between 1 and 4 wt pct. These nitrogen levels exceeded the alloys' solubility limits, resulting in the formation of nitride precipitates with several different microstructures. A new phase diagram for high nitrogen stainless steel alloys is proposed. Several properties of these nitrogen stainless steel alloys with chromium nitrides present were studied: tensile strength was proportional to the interstitial nitrogen concentration; hardness, wear, and elastic modules were proportional to the total nitrogen concentration. C1 NATL INST SCI & TECHN CREAT,BOULDER,CO. RP RAWERS, JC (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0360-2133 J9 METALL TRANS A PD JUL PY 1992 VL 23 IS 7 BP 2061 EP 2068 DI 10.1007/BF02647552 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA JC404 UT WOS:A1992JC40400020 ER PT J AU BAJT, S SUTTON, SR RASMUSSEN, KL AF BAJT, S SUTTON, SR RASMUSSEN, KL TI X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE MICROPROBE MEASUREMENTS OF TRACE-ELEMENTS IN KAMACITE IN OCTAHEDRITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID IRON-METEORITES C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. ODENSE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DK-5230 ODENSE,DENMARK. RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 200 EP 200 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900008 ER PT J AU BOBIAS, SG DEMPSEY, JF ENGLERT, PAJ DRAKE, DM REEDY, RC AF BOBIAS, SG DEMPSEY, JF ENGLERT, PAJ DRAKE, DM REEDY, RC TI SIMULATION OF GALACTIC COSMIC-RAY INTERACTIONS WITH REGOLITH - IMPLICATIONS FOR COSMOGENIC NUCLIDE AND PLANETARY SURFACE STUDIES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,NUCL SCI FACIL,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900018 ER PT J AU COLANGELI, L MENNELLA, V BUSSOLETTI, E MERLUZZI, P ROTUNDI, A STEPHENS, JR AF COLANGELI, L MENNELLA, V BUSSOLETTI, E MERLUZZI, P ROTUNDI, A STEPHENS, JR TI LABORATORY ANALOGS OF MICRODIAMONDS PRESENT IN METEORITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CASSINO,I-03043 CASSINO,ITALY. OSSERV ASTRON CAPODIMONTE,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. IST UNIV NAVALE,I-80133 NAPLES,ITALY. UNIV NAPOLI,I-80133 NAPLES,ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 210 EP 211 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900031 ER PT J AU JONES, JH HART, SR BENJAMIN, TM AF JONES, JH HART, SR BENJAMIN, TM TI EXPERIMENTAL PARTITIONING OF ELEMENTS RELATED TO IRON METEORITE CHRONOLOGIES - AG, AU, MO, NI, PB, PD, AND TL SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 239 EP 240 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900090 ER PT J AU KLOCK, W FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR NIER, AO AF KLOCK, W FLYNN, GJ SUTTON, SR NIER, AO TI MINERALOGY OF IDPS WITH KNOWN HE-4 AND TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENTS SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID INTERPLANETARY DUST C1 INST PLANETOL,W-4400 MUNSTER,GERMANY. SUNY COLL PLATTSBURGH,DEPT PHYS,PLATTSBURGH,NY. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 243 EP 244 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900098 ER PT J AU MASARIK, J REEDY, RC AF MASARIK, J REEDY, RC TI EFFECTS OF BULK CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ON PARTICLE FLUXES IN METEORITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 256 EP 256 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900126 ER PT J AU NISHIIZUMI, K ARNOLD, JR CHAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC SOUTHON, J BROWNLEE, DE HARVEY, RP AF NISHIIZUMI, K ARNOLD, JR CHAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC SOUTHON, J BROWNLEE, DE HARVEY, RP TI BE-10 AND AL-26 IN INDIVIDUAL COSMIC SPHERULES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID GREENLAND; SEDIMENT C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT GEOL SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CAMS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 269 EP 270 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900158 ER PT J AU NISHIIZUMI, K ARNOLD, JR CAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC SOUTHON, J AF NISHIIZUMI, K ARNOLD, JR CAFFEE, MW FINKEL, RC SOUTHON, J TI EXPOSURE HISTORIES OF CALCALONG CREEK AND LEW 88516 METEORITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID SHERGOTTITES C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT CHEM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CAMS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 270 EP 270 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900159 ER PT J AU REEDY, RC AF REEDY, RC TI SHOULD THERE BE SOLAR-PROTON-PRODUCED NEON OBSERVABLE IN SALEM SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV SPACE SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 280 EP 280 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA JE029 UT WOS:A1992JE02900180 ER PT J AU BASILE, G AKER, M MORTIMER, RK AF BASILE, G AKER, M MORTIMER, RK TI NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF THE YEAST RECOMBINATIONAL REPAIR GENE RAD51 SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-DAMAGING AGENTS; MITOTIC CELL-CYCLE; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RECA PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; MEIOSIS; RADIATION; MUTATIONS AB The RAD51 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required both for recombination and for the repair of DNA damage caused by REWIRES rays. Here we report the sequence and transcriptional regulation of this gene. The RAD51 protein shares significant homology (approximately 50%) over a 70-amino-acid stretch with the RAD57 protein (J. A. Kans and R. K. Mortimer, Gene 105:139-140, 1991), the product of another yeast recombinational repair gene, and also moderate (approximately 27%), but potentially significant, homology with the bacterial RecA protein. The homologies cover a region that encodes a putative nucleotide binding site of the RAD51 protein. Sequences upstream of the coding region for RAD51 protein share homology with the damage response sequence element of RAD54, an upstream activating sequence required for damage regulation of the RAD54 transcript, and also contain two sites for restriction enzyme MluI; the presence of MluI restriction sites has been associated with cell cycle regulation. A 1.6-kb transcript corresponding to RAD51 was observed, and levels of this transcript increased rapidly after exposure to relatively low doses of REWIRES rays. Additionally, RAD51 transcript levels were found to vary throughout the cell cycle, peaking in late G1 to early S. The observed cell cycle regulation is consistent with that of a group of genes involved primarily in DNA synthesis and replication which are thought to be coordinately cell cycle regulated. Cells arrested in early G1 were still capable of increasing levels of RAD51 transcript after irradiation, indicating that increased RAD51 transcript levels after REWIRES-ray exposure are not solely due to an REWIRES-ray-induced cessation of the cell cycle at a period when the level of RAD51 expression is normally high. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, GRAD GRP BIOPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DIV GENET, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MOLEC MICROBIOL, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5 P40 RR04231-02]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM30990] NR 65 TC 235 Z9 239 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 EI 1098-5549 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 12 IS 7 BP 3235 EP 3246 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA JA250 UT WOS:A1992JA25000036 PM 1620128 ER PT J AU SCOTTCRAIG, JS CHELM, BK AF SCOTTCRAIG, JS CHELM, BK TI ANALYSIS OF DNA-SEQUENCES TRANSCRIBED AT HIGH-LEVELS IN BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM BACTEROIDS BUT NOT NECESSARY FOR SYMBIOTIC EFFECTIVENESS SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE BACTEROIDS; DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION AB Five regions of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum genome, which are transcribed at high levels in nitrogen-fixing soybean (Glycine max) nodules, were identified. None of these regions contained previously identified genes (e.g., nif, nod, and fix genes) that are known to be essential for development of functional nitrogen-fixing nodules. To assess the role of these regions in the development of the B. japonicum-soybean symbiosis, we cloned and used them to construct B. japonicum strains, in which large DNA segments (2.0-6.8 kilobases) containing the highly transcribed regions were deleted. The deletion strains were examined for symbiotic effectiveness and were found to be indistinguishable from the wild-type strain. Transcription of the cloned regions under a variety of physiological conditions and in several defined mutant B. japonicum strains was also examined. The transcriptional start sites for one pair of divergent transcripts were determined; the promoters do not contain any of the conserved sequences found in B. japonicum genes involved in symbiosis or nitrogen metabolism. RP SCOTTCRAIG, JS (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,US DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 5 IS 4 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1094/MPMI-5-309 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA KR491 UT WOS:A1992KR49100005 PM 1515666 ER PT J AU PHARR, GM OLIVER, WC AF PHARR, GM OLIVER, WC TI MEASUREMENT OF THIN-FILM MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES USING NANOINDENTATION SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PROPERTIES MICROPROBE; RESIDUAL-STRESS; HARDNESS; INDENTATION; SILICON; ADHESION; MODULUS C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,MICROSCOPY & MICROANALY SCI GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP PHARR, GM (reprint author), RICE UNIV,MAT SCI,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 60 TC 408 Z9 411 U1 13 U2 123 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 17 IS 7 BP 28 EP 33 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JD177 UT WOS:A1992JD17700003 ER PT J AU ECKELMEYER, K AF ECKELMEYER, K TI MRS GRASS-ROOTS EDUCATION-PROGRAM SEEKS TO TURN KIDS ON TO SCIENCE SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP ECKELMEYER, K (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 17 IS 7 BP 78 EP 79 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA JD177 UT WOS:A1992JD17700009 ER PT J AU ZDZIENICKA, MZ VANDERSCHANS, GP NATARAJAN, AT THOMPSON, LH NEUTEBOOM, I SIMONS, JWIM AF ZDZIENICKA, MZ VANDERSCHANS, GP NATARAJAN, AT THOMPSON, LH NEUTEBOOM, I SIMONS, JWIM TI A CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELL MUTANT (EM-C-11) WITH SENSITIVITY TO SIMPLE ALKYLATING-AGENTS AND A VERY HIGH-LEVEL OF SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; BLOOMS SYNDROME; DNA-REPAIR; CHO CELLS; UV; FREQUENCIES; INDUCTION; LINES AB We have isolated a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant hypersensitive to monofunctional alkylating agents. The mutant, designed as EM-C11, showed hypersensitivity to ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), methyl methanesulfonate and ethylnitrosourea (8-, 7- and 2-fold, respectively, based on D10 values). About 2-fold increased sensitivity towards 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and only slightly increased sensitivity to X-rays (1.4-fold) and mitomycin C treatment (1.6-fold) were found in this mutant. EM-C11 was not hypersensitive to UV irradiation nor to adriamycin. The EM-C11 cells showed approximately 10-fold higher level of spontaneous sister chromatid exchange. The level of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations was 2- to 3-fold higher, but the frequency of EMS-induced chromosomal aberrations was approximately 10-fold higher in the mutant cells, in agreement with the increased sensitivity to killing. As measured by alkaline elution, EM-C11 cells showed a defect in the rejoining of single-strand DNA breaks after exposure to X-rays and even more so after the EMS treatment. Genetic analysis revealed that the EM-C11 mutant belongs to the same complementation group as the EM9 mutant described earlier. The XRCC1 gene which complements the defect in EM9 also complements the defect in EM-C11, confirming that these two independently isolated mutants are defective in the same gene. C1 INTERUNIV RES INST RADIOPATHOL & RADIAT PROTECT,JA COHEN INST,LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. TNO,MED BIOL LAB,RIJSWIJK,NETHERLANDS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ZDZIENICKA, MZ (reprint author), LEIDEN UNIV,SYLVIUS LAB,DEPT RADIAT GENET & CHEM MUTAGENESIS,MGC,2333 AL LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 24 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD JUL PY 1992 VL 7 IS 4 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1093/mutage/7.4.265 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JF082 UT WOS:A1992JF08200005 PM 1518409 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, LB HUNSICKER, PR SHELBY, MD AF RUSSELL, LB HUNSICKER, PR SHELBY, MD TI MELPHALAN, A 2ND CHEMICAL FOR WHICH SPECIFIC-LOCUS MUTATION-INDUCTION IN THE MOUSE IS MAXIMUM IN EARLY SPERMATIDS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CHLORAMBUCIL; GERM-CELL STAGES; SPERMATOGONIAL STEM CELLS; MELPHALAN ID CELLS AB Melphalan (MLP), a bifunctional alkylating agent structurally related to the highly mutagenic chemical chlorambucil (CHL), was found to induce high frequencies of specific-locus mutations in postspermatogonial germ cells of the mouse, and to be one of only a few chemicals that is also mutagenic in spermatogonial stem cells. Productivity patterns following MLP exposures resembled those that had been found for CHL. Mutation rates in successive male germ-cell stages were measured at three MLP-exposure levels in a total of 95 375 offspring. While the induced (experimental minus historical-control) mutation rate is relatively low in stem-cell spermatogonia (1.2 x 10(-5) per locus at a weighted-mean exposure of 7.3 mg/kg), it is about 5 times higher in poststem-cell stages overall, and peaks at 26.7 x 10(-5) per locus in early spermatids at a weighted-mean exposure of only 5.7 mg/kg. This "type-2 pattern" of mutation yield (Russell et al., 1990), i.e., peak sensitivity in early spermatids, has heretofore been found for only one other chemical, CHL. Mutation-rate data earlier reported for CHL (Russell et al., 1989) were augmented in the present study for comparison with MLP-induced rates. Because of the greater toxicity of MLP, average exposures used for this chemical were only about one-half of those for CHL. When MLP and CHL mutation rates are extrapolated to equimolar doses, they appear very similar for poststem-cell stages overall. However, in the case of CHL, a somewhat higher proportion of the mutations is induced in early spermatids than in the case of MLP. C1 NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP RUSSELL, LB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [22Y01-ES-10067] NR 10 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JUL PY 1992 VL 282 IS 3 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90089-Z PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JD345 UT WOS:A1992JD34500004 PM 1378547 ER PT J AU UZIEL, M MUNRO, NB KATZ, DS VO-DINH, T ZEIGHAMI, EA WATERS, MD GRIFFITH, JD AF UZIEL, M MUNRO, NB KATZ, DS VO-DINH, T ZEIGHAMI, EA WATERS, MD GRIFFITH, JD TI DNA ADDUCT FORMATION BY 12 CHEMICALS WITH POPULATIONS POTENTIALLY SUITABLE FOR MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE DNA ADDUCTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOTOXIC CHEMICALS; ABSORPTION; METABOLISM ID VINYL-CHLORIDE METABOLITES; CALF THYMUS DNA; RAT-LIVER DNA; MUTAGENIC PROPYLENE OXIDES; DIRECT BLACK 38; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; GENETIC RISKS; IRREVERSIBLE BINDING; REACTION-PRODUCTS AB DNA adduct formation, route of absorption, metabolism and chemistry of 12 hazardous chemicals are reviewed. Methods for adduct detection are also reviewed and approaches to sensitivity and specificity are identified. The selection of these 12 chemicals from the Environmental Protection Agency list of genotoxic chemicals was based on the availability of information and on the availability of populations potentially suitable for molecular epidemiological study. The 12 chemicals include ethylene oxide, styrene, vinyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, propylene oxide, 4,4'-methylenebis-2-chloroaniline, benzidine, benzidine dyes (Direct Blue 6, Direct Black 38 and Direct Brown 95), acrylonitrile and benzyl chloride. While some of these chemicals (styrene and benzyl chloride, possibly Direct Blue 6) give rise to unique DNA adducts, others do not. Potentially confounding factors include mixed exposures in the work place, as well the formation of common DNA adducts. Additional research needs are identified. C1 US EPA, DIV HUMAN STUDIES MD58, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514 USA. US EPA, HLTH EFFECTS RES LAB, DIV GENET TOXICOL MD68, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27711 USA. RP UZIEL, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 USA. NR 231 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES JI Mutat. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 277 IS 1 BP 35 EP 90 DI 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90025-5 PG 56 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA HZ214 UT WOS:A1992HZ21400003 PM 1376441 ER PT J AU JANSEN, G MAHADEVAN, M AMEMIYA, C WORMSKAMP, N SEGERS, B HENDRIKS, W OHOY, K BAIRD, S SABOURIN, L LENNON, G JAP, PL ILES, D COERWINKEL, M HOFKER, M CARRANO, AV DEJONG, PJ KORNELUK, RG WIERINGA, B AF JANSEN, G MAHADEVAN, M AMEMIYA, C WORMSKAMP, N SEGERS, B HENDRIKS, W OHOY, K BAIRD, S SABOURIN, L LENNON, G JAP, PL ILES, D COERWINKEL, M HOFKER, M CARRANO, AV DEJONG, PJ KORNELUK, RG WIERINGA, B TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY REGION PREDICTS MULTIPLE PROTEIN ISOFORM-ENCODING MESSENGER-RNAS SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DOMAINS; MUSCLE; GENE AB The mutation underlying myotonic dystrophy (DM) has been identified as an expansion of a polymorphic CTG-repeat in a gene encoding protein kinase activity. Brain and heart transcripts of the DM-kinase (DMR-B15) gene are subject to alternative RNA splicing in both human and mouse. The unstable [CTG]5-30 Motif is found uniquely in humans, although the flanking nucleotides are also present in mouse. Characterization of the DM region of both species reveals another active gene (DMP-N9) in close proximity to the kinase gene. DMP-N9 transcripts, mainly expressed in brain and testis, possess a single, large open reading frame, but the function of its protein product is unknown. Clinical manifestation of DM may be caused by the expanded CTG-repeat compromising the (alternative) expression of DM-kinase or DMR-N9 proteins. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV NIJMEGEN,FAC MED SCI,DEPT CELL BIOL & HISTOL,POB 9101,6500 HB NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. CHILDRENS HOSP EASTERN ONTARIO,DIV GENET,OTTAWA K1H 8L1,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV OTTAWA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,OTTAWA K1N 6N5,ONTARIO,CANADA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV BIOMED SCI,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LEIDEN UNIV,DEPT HUMAN GENET,2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. RI Wieringa, Berend/A-5346-2011; Hendriks, Wiljan/A-5214-2013 OI Wieringa, Berend/0000-0001-9192-8020; Hendriks, Wiljan/0000-0001-9481-8281 NR 33 TC 154 Z9 158 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 1 IS 4 BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1038/ng0792-261 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA JC984 UT WOS:A1992JC98400009 PM 1302022 ER PT J AU EBERLING, JL JAGUST, WJ REED, BR BAKER, MG AF EBERLING, JL JAGUST, WJ REED, BR BAKER, MG TI REDUCED TEMPORAL-LOBE BLOOD-FLOW IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Article DE ALZHEIMERS DISEASE; SPECT; TEMPORAL LOBE; REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW; DEMENTIA ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; PATHOLOGICAL-CHANGES; POSITRON TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL ATROPHY; SENILE DEMENTIA; MEMORY; SPECT; PATTERNS; CORTEX; PET AB We used single photon emission computed tomography with the blood flow tracer [I-123]N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) to study regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 50 mildly and moderately demented Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to evaluate rCBF as a function of disease severity. Relative rCBF (normalized to occipital cortex) was significantly lower than controls in temporal cortex for both mildly and moderately demented patients. Similar numbers of patients in both groups demonstrated perfusion abnormalities in temporal neocortex. Parietal cortex was more variably involved with greater numbers of moderately than mildly demented patients showing perfusion abnormalities. Relative rCBF in dirsolateral frontal cortex was reduced only in the moderately demented patients. Disease severity, as measured by the Mini Mental Status Examination, was associated with relative rCBF only in dorsolateral frontal and parietal cortex. These results suggest that the temporal lobes are the first neocortical regions affected by AD and that other cortical areas become involved as the disease progresses. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP EBERLING, JL (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DONNER LAB,55-121,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG07793, AG10129] NR 75 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 483 EP 491 DI 10.1016/0197-4580(92)90076-A PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA JE798 UT WOS:A1992JE79800005 PM 1508299 ER PT J AU VIVALDI, F AF VIVALDI, F TI DYNAMICS OVER IRREDUCIBLE POLYNOMIALS SO NONLINEARITY LA English DT Article AB We consider the problem of exact numerical experiments with rational mappings over the complex plane. We choose the parameters in an algebraic number field K, while the phase points are roots of an irreducible polynomial q(t) over K. To q(t) we associate the unique irreducible polynomial q(t)+1 whose roots are the images of those of q(t) under the mapping. In this way every rational mapping induces a dynamical system over irreducible polynomials, which carries out implicitly the simultaneous iteration of all its roots. We provide an algorithm for constructing q(t)+1 from q(t)-without knowledge of the roots of the latter-and study some of its properties. Polynomial dynamics involves only integers, and all numerical experiments can be performed without errors. However, these integers grow faster than exponentially, and to study long-time behaviour we introduce local methods. We show that these dynamical systems can be embedded into p-adic fields, and we develop the local theory for the case of integral polynomial mappings. We show that all orbit converge to p-adic attracting sets, which we characterize in term of the periodic orbits of the original mapping. We derive some density results concerning both local and global behaviour. This approach brings a unifying viewpoint to the study of nonlinear iteration over algebraic, finite and p-adic fields, which are ideal computational environments. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-7715 J9 NONLINEARITY JI Nonlinearity PD JUL PY 1992 VL 5 IS 4 BP 941 EP 960 DI 10.1088/0951-7715/5/4/006 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA JG325 UT WOS:A1992JG32500006 ER PT J AU HIROE, S PAUL, SF OCHANDO, MA BAYLOR, LR ENGLAND, AC MA, CH RASMUSSEN, DA QUALLS, AL WILGEN, JB AF HIROE, S PAUL, SF OCHANDO, MA BAYLOR, LR ENGLAND, AC MA, CH RASMUSSEN, DA QUALLS, AL WILGEN, JB TI EVOLUTION OF THE RADIATED POWER PROFILE AND THERMAL COLLAPSE IN ATF SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED TOROIDAL FACILITY; 2ND STABILITY; TORSATRON; MODE AB Thermal plasma collapses have been observed in the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) and in some cases these collapses limit the plasma performance. A 15-channel bolometer array has been used to measure the radiated power profile. It has been found that thermal collapses, defined by a drop in the plasma stored energy, occur when the local radiated power exceeds the local power input to the electrons. The local radiated power at the collapse first increases at the edge and then begins to propagate inward, leading to a peaking of the radiated power profile. This finding indicates that additional central heating would be effective in preventing the thermal collapse. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. ASSOC EURATOM CIEMAT,MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1107 EP 1116 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/32/7/I02 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA JF540 UT WOS:A1992JF54000002 ER PT J AU KWON, M SHEPARD, TD GOULDING, RH THOMAS, CE COLCHIN, RJ WADE, MR JAEGER, EF CARTER, MD BAITY, FW BATCHELOR, DB BELL, GL BELL, JD BIGELOW, TS CRUME, EC ENGLAND, AC GLOWIENKA, JC HIROE, S HORTON, LD HOFFMAN, DJ ISLER, RC LANGLEY, RA LEE, DK MURAKAMI, M PAINTER, SL RASMUSSEN, DA SWAIN, DW UCKAN, T WILGEN, JB WING, WR AF KWON, M SHEPARD, TD GOULDING, RH THOMAS, CE COLCHIN, RJ WADE, MR JAEGER, EF CARTER, MD BAITY, FW BATCHELOR, DB BELL, GL BELL, JD BIGELOW, TS CRUME, EC ENGLAND, AC GLOWIENKA, JC HIROE, S HORTON, LD HOFFMAN, DJ ISLER, RC LANGLEY, RA LEE, DK MURAKAMI, M PAINTER, SL RASMUSSEN, DA SWAIN, DW UCKAN, T WILGEN, JB WING, WR TI FAST WAVE HEATING EXPERIMENTS IN THE ION-CYCLOTRON RANGE OF FREQUENCIES ON ATF SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID HELIOTRON-E; PLASMA; PROPAGATION AB Fast wave heating experiments in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) were performed on target plasmas produced by 350 kW of electron cyclotron heating at 53 GHz and also by neutral beam injection in the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF). Various heating regimes were investigated in the frequency range between 9.2 MHz and 28.8 MHz with magnetic fields of 0.95 T and 1.9 T on axis. The nominal pulse lengths of up to 200 kW RF power were in the range between 100 and 400 ms. Data from spectroscopy, loading measurements, and edge RF and Langmuir probes were used to characterize the RF induced effects on the ATF plasma. In the hydrogen minority regime at low plasma density, large suprathermal ion tails were observed with a neutral particle analyser. At high density (n(e)BAR greater-than-or-equal-to 5.0 x 10(13) cm-3) substantial increases in antenna loading were observed, but ICRF power was insufficient to produce definitive heating results. A two-dimensional RF heating code, ORION, and a Fokker-Planck code, RFTRANS, were used to simulate these experiments. A simulation of future high power, higher density experiments in ATF indicates improved bulk heating results due to the improved loading and more efficient thermalization of the minority tail. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,DIV COMP & TELECOMMUN,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KWON, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Painter, Scott/C-2586-2016; Goulding, Richard/C-5982-2016; OI Painter, Scott/0000-0002-0901-6987; Goulding, Richard/0000-0002-1776-7983; Isler, Ralph/0000-0002-5368-7200 NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1225 EP 1240 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/32/7/I12 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA JF540 UT WOS:A1992JF54000012 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, AH GOLDSTEIN, JC AF LUMPKIN, AH GOLDSTEIN, JC TI BROAD-BAND TUNING OF THE LOS-ALAMOS FREE-ELECTRON LASERS AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We examine the prospects for broadband wavelength tuning on the two new free-electron lasers (FELs) presently under construction at Los Alamos: the APLE prototype experiment (APEX) (formerly known as HIBAF) and the advanced FEL (AFEL). Both of these devices are driven by photoelectric injectors, and both facilities should operate initially in the 3 to 5-mu-m range. We present results of theoretical studies of extended tuning ranges for these facilities. We also briefly discuss the feasibility of using the light from these devices to carry out applications experiments such as DNA spectroscopy, photospallation, and band-gap measurements in solids. RP LUMPKIN, AH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 30 EP 32 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91018-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700007 ER PT J AU OSHEA, PG BENDER, SC BYRD, DA CARLSTEN, BE EARLY, JW FELDMAN, DW FELDMAN, RB JOHNSON, WJD LUMPKIN, AH SCHMITT, MJ SPRINGER, RW STEIN, WE ZAUGG, TJ AF OSHEA, PG BENDER, SC BYRD, DA CARLSTEN, BE EARLY, JW FELDMAN, DW FELDMAN, RB JOHNSON, WJD LUMPKIN, AH SCHMITT, MJ SPRINGER, RW STEIN, WE ZAUGG, TJ TI INITIAL RESULTS FROM THE LOS-ALAMOS PHOTOINJECTOR-DRIVEN FREE-ELECTRON LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We report initial results on the APEX (APLE prototype experiment) photoinjector-driven infrared free-electron laser (FEL). The APEX FEL is operating in support of a Boeing Aerospace and Electronics/Los Alamos National Laboratory collaboration to build the average power laser experiment (APLE). Our system uses a high quantum efficiency (3-7%) multi-alkali photocathode, illuminated with a frequency-doubled Nd:YLF mode locked laser at 21.7 MHz. The photocathode is located in this first cell of a six-cell 1.3 GHz, 6 MeV photoinjector that feeds a linac with a final energy of up to 40 MeV. Because the illuminating laser pulse on our photocathode is short (10 ps), no pulse compression is required in the linac. Emittance measurements made after the second linac tank at 15 MeV have shown that a normalized emittance (for 90% of the particles) of less.than 50-pi mm mrad can be achieved at a peak micropulse current of 300 A. Our initial lasing has been at a wavelength of 3.6-mu-m over a 30-mu-s macropulse with an electron beam energy of 35 MeV and a 2.7 cm period permanent magnet wiggler. We are continuing to characterize and optimize our system. with particular emphasis on understanding and minimizing electron beam emittance-growth mechanisms, and subsequently improving the quality of the beam delivered to the wiggler. RP OSHEA, PG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MSJ579,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91023-3 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700012 ER PT J AU BYRD, DA BENDER, SC MILLER, EL DOWELL, DH AF BYRD, DA BENDER, SC MILLER, EL DOWELL, DH TI INTERFEROMETRIC RESULTS FROM THE BOEING GRAZING-INCIDENCE FEL RING RESONATOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The Boeing HAP (High Average Power) experiment was reconfigured throughout 1989-1990 to incorporate a grazing incidence, 133 m round-trip ring resonator. Initial spectra, mode stability, coherence length, and interferometric wavefront quality measurements have been taken. This paper reports on the optical measurement techniques and data used to characterize the resonator optical output as having an optical path difference (OPD) of 2.0 to 2.5 optical wavelengths. A basic data-reduction methodology and analysis supporting the subtraction of effects caused by the 7 x beam reducer, fold mirrors, and the radial shear interferometer itself are included. Noteworthy observations, such as the ability to overlay interferometric fringe data over the length of a macropulse (almost-equal-to 180 micropulses) without destroying the fringe visibility, and the occurrence of centrally localized (almost-equal-to 30% of the diameter) disturbances of the fringe pattern are also discussed. Coherence length measurements, made using the interferometer, showed the coherence length to be between 64 and 120-mu-m. Attempts to measure the micropulse-to-micropulse mode stability were made and are discussed as well. C1 BOEING AEROSP & ELECTR,SEATTLE,WA 98124. RP BYRD, DA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 73 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91025-5 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700014 ER PT J AU DOWELL, DH LAUCKS, ML LOWREY, AR ADAMSKI, J PISTORESI, D SHOFFSTALL, DR LUMPKIN, AH BENDER, S BYRD, D TOKAR, RL SUN, K BENTZ, M BURNS, R GUHA, J TOMITA, W AF DOWELL, DH LAUCKS, ML LOWREY, AR ADAMSKI, J PISTORESI, D SHOFFSTALL, DR LUMPKIN, AH BENDER, S BYRD, D TOKAR, RL SUN, K BENTZ, M BURNS, R GUHA, J TOMITA, W TI FINAL RESULTS OF THE BOEING AND LOS-ALAMOS GRAZING-INCIDENCE RING-RESONATOR FREE-ELECTRON LASER EXPERIMENT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID OPTICAL-TRANSITION RADIATION AB Initial test results for the Boeing and Los Alamos grazing incidence ring-resonator FEL were presented at the 1990 FEL Conference. This work showed that the resonator pointing alignment accuracy required improvements to the resonator diagnostics to increase the alignment accuracy. The alignment technique was described, but lasing results with the more accurate alignment were not available at that time. This paper discusses more recent and final test results from the grazing-incidence ring-resonator experiment. With the new alignment techniques, the extraction was approximately seven times greater, and the FEL output exhibited much reduced temporal structure. Measurements show that FEL output and wavelength are sensitive to electron beam energy variations. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ROCKWELL INT CORP,DIV ROCKETDYNE,CANOGA PK,CA 91304. RP DOWELL, DH (reprint author), BOEING CO,DEF & SPACE GRP,SEATTLE,WA 98124, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91026-6 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700015 ER PT J AU CHAN, KCD KRAUS, RH LEDFORD, J MEIER, KL MEYER, RE NGUYEN, D SHEFFIELD, RL SIGLER, FL YOUNG, LM WANG, TS WILSON, WL WOOD, RL AF CHAN, KCD KRAUS, RH LEDFORD, J MEIER, KL MEYER, RE NGUYEN, D SHEFFIELD, RL SIGLER, FL YOUNG, LM WANG, TS WILSON, WL WOOD, RL TI LOS-ALAMOS ADVANCED FREE-ELECTRON LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID BEAM AB Los Alamos researchers are building a free-electron laser (FEL) for industrial, medical, and research applications. This FEL, which will incorporate many of the new technologies developed over the last decade, will be compact, robust, and user-friendly. Electrons produced by a photocathode will be accelerated to 20 MeV by a high-brightness accelerator and transported by permanent-magnet quadrupoles and dipoles. The resulting electron beam will have an excellent instantaneous beam quality of 10-pi-mm mrad in transverse emittance and 0.3% in energy spread at a peak current up to 300 A. Including operation at higher harmonics, the laser wavelength extends from 3.7-mu-m to 0.4-mu-m. RP CHAN, KCD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS H825,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91041-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700030 ER PT J AU MEIER, KL AF MEIER, KL TI ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS OF THE ADVANCED FREE-ELECTRON LASER FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The advanced free-electron laser (AFEL) is being built at Los Alamos inside a large existing laboratory building. In addition to cost and available space considerations, several engineering issues affected the design of the AFEL and its facility. The 1300 MHz, 20 MeV electron linac required extensive radiation shielding and a short rf-waveguide run. The free-electron laser (FEL) and photocathode-drive laser optics require a clean, constant temperature environment. New environmental, health, and safety (ES&H) regulations placed constraints on the facility design and layout. In the past, many ES&H regulations did not apply to pilot-scale experiments such as the AFEL; compliance is now mandatory. The facility design included an earthquake restraint system for the radiation shielding, full compliance with the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA), and minimization of airborne emissions. RP MEIER, KL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 153 EP 158 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91042-8 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700031 ER PT J AU BATCHELOR, K BENZVI, I FERNOW, RC FISHER, AS FRIEDMAN, A GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G KIRK, H KRAMER, S LIN, L ROGERS, JT SHEEHAN, JF VANSTEENBERGEN, A WOODLE, M XIE, J YU, LH ZHANG, R BHOWMIK, A AF BATCHELOR, K BENZVI, I FERNOW, RC FISHER, AS FRIEDMAN, A GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G KIRK, H KRAMER, S LIN, L ROGERS, JT SHEEHAN, JF VANSTEENBERGEN, A WOODLE, M XIE, J YU, LH ZHANG, R BHOWMIK, A TI STATUS OF THE VISIBLE FREE-ELECTRON LASER AT THE BROOKHAVEN-ACCELERATOR TEST-FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID OPTICAL KLYSTRON; STORAGE-RING AB The 500 nm free-electron laser (FEL) at the accelerator test facility (ATF) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory is reviewed. We present an overview of the ATF, a high-brightness, 50-MeV, electron accelerator and laser complex which is a users' facility for accelerator and beam physics. A number of laser acceleration and FEL experiments are under construction at the ATF. The visible FEL experiment is based-on a novel superferric 8.8 mm period undulator. The electron beam parameters, the undulator, the optical resonator, optical and electron beam diagnostics are discussed. The operational status of the experiment is presented. C1 ROCKWELL INT CORP,ROCKETDYNE DIV,CANOGA PK,CA 91303. RP BATCHELOR, K (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91043-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700032 ER PT J AU DODD, JW HARTMAN, SC PARK, S PELLEGRINI, C ROSENZWEIG, JB CLINE, DB HAIRAPETIAN, G KOLONKO, J SMOLIN, JA DAVIS, PG JOSHI, CJ LUHMANN, NC IVANCHENKOV, SN KHLEBNIKOV, AS VARFOLOMEEV, AA BARLETTA, WA AF DODD, JW HARTMAN, SC PARK, S PELLEGRINI, C ROSENZWEIG, JB CLINE, DB HAIRAPETIAN, G KOLONKO, J SMOLIN, JA DAVIS, PG JOSHI, CJ LUHMANN, NC IVANCHENKOV, SN KHLEBNIKOV, AS VARFOLOMEEV, AA BARLETTA, WA TI THE UCLA COMPACT INFRARED FREE-ELECTRON LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID SIMULATION AB We present the status of a compact infrared free-electron laser, driven by a 20 MeV, S-band linac with a photoinjector. The 60 cm long hybrid undulator has a 1.5 cm period and a field on axis of 7.3 kG. The FEL will operate at 10.6-mu-m as a high-gain amplifier, to study the high-gain FEL regime including the effects of self amplified spontaneous emission, optical guiding and saturation. The linac is the prototype of the plane-wave transformer. TDA simulation of the FEL shows a gain length of 10 cm, and a saturation power of 50 MW. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,MOSCOW 123182,USSR. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP DODD, JW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,CTR ADV ACCELERATORS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91047-D PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700036 ER PT J AU NEWNAM, BE WARREN, RW GOLDSTEIN, JC SCHMITT, MJ BENDER, SC CARLSTEN, BE FELDMAN, DW OSHEA, PG AF NEWNAM, BE WARREN, RW GOLDSTEIN, JC SCHMITT, MJ BENDER, SC CARLSTEN, BE FELDMAN, DW OSHEA, PG TI THE LOS-ALAMOS POP PROJECT - FEL OSCILLATOR EXPERIMENTS IN THE ULTRAVIOLET AND BEYOND SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON-LASER; PHYSICS AB The Los Alamos POP Project will include a series of proof-of-principle FEL oscillator experiments in 1992 designed to extend FEL operation into the ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). With beam energy extended to 50 MeV, enhanced beam brightness with a photoinjector, and appropriate UV and VUV resonator optics, the Los Alamos FEL oscillator should have sufficient single-pass gain (20-30%) to reach below 200 nm. The first goal will be lasing at 250 nm utilizing a permanent-magnet undulator with 5-mm period or alternatively on the third harmonic with a 1-cm period. To operate at VUV wavelengths of 200 and 150 nm (third harmonic), pulsed-electromagnet microwigglers with periods of 5.7 and 4.3 mm will be employed. RP NEWNAM, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS J564,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 197 EP 200 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91050-J PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700039 ER PT J AU BENZVI, I DIMAURO, LF KRINSKY, S WHITE, MG YU, LH BATCHELOR, K FRIEDMAN, A FISHER, AS HALAMA, H INGOLD, G JOHNSON, ED KRAMER, S ROGERS, JT SOLOMON, L WACHTEL, J ZHANG, X AF BENZVI, I DIMAURO, LF KRINSKY, S WHITE, MG YU, LH BATCHELOR, K FRIEDMAN, A FISHER, AS HALAMA, H INGOLD, G JOHNSON, ED KRAMER, S ROGERS, JT SOLOMON, L WACHTEL, J ZHANG, X TI PROPOSED UV-FEL USER FACILITY AT BNL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID AMPLIFIER AB The NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory is proposing the construction of a UV-FEL operating in the wavelength range from visible to 750 angstrom. Nanocoulomb electron pulses will be generated at a laser photocathode rf gun at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. The 6 ps pulses will be accelerated to 250 MeV in a superconducting linac. The FEL output will serve four stations with independent wavelength tuning, using two wigglers and two rotating mirror beam switches. Seed radiation for the FEL amplifiers will be provided by conventional tunable lasers, and the final frequency multiplication from the visible or near UV to the VUV will be carried out in the FEL itself. Each FEL will be comprised of an initial wiggler resonant to the seed wavelength, a dispersion section, and a second wiggler resonant to the output wavelength. The facility will provide pump-probe capability, FEL on FEL, and FEL on synchrotron light from an insertion device on the NSLS X-ray ring. RP BENZVI, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91051-A PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700040 ER PT J AU BENZVI, I FRIEDMAN, A HUNG, CM INGOLD, G KRINSKY, S YANG, KM YU, LH LEHRMAN, I WEISSENBURGER, D AF BENZVI, I FRIEDMAN, A HUNG, CM INGOLD, G KRINSKY, S YANG, KM YU, LH LEHRMAN, I WEISSENBURGER, D TI DESIGN OF A HARMONIC-GENERATION FEL EXPERIMENT AT BNL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We present the design parameters of a harmonic generation FEL experiment to be carried out at the accelerator test facility (ATF) at BNL. This experiment will be carried out as a proof-of-principle for the proposed UV-FEL user's facility at BNL. In the experiment we plan to triple the frequency of a CO2 seed laser by utilizing two superconducting wigglers and a dispersive section. The first wiggler will be used in conjunction with the CO2 seed laser to generate a ponderomotive force that will bunch the electron beam. The bunching will then be enhanced by the dispersion section. The second wiggler, tuned to the third harmonic of the seed laser will follow. In the beginning of the second wiggler the bunched beam will produce superradiant emission (characterized by a quadratic growth of the radiated power), then the radiation will be amplified exponentially. The last part of the wiggler will be tapered. We plan to study the evolution of the various radiation growth mechanisms as well as the coherence of the tripled and exponentially amplified radiation. C1 GRUMMAN CORP,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP BENZVI, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 208 EP 211 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91052-B PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700041 ER PT J AU LEHRMAN, IS BIRNBAUM, IA FIXLER, SZ HEUER, RL SIDDIQI, S SHEEDY, E BENZVI, I BATCHELOR, K GALLARDO, JC KIRK, HG SRINIVASANRAO, T WARREN, GD AF LEHRMAN, IS BIRNBAUM, IA FIXLER, SZ HEUER, RL SIDDIQI, S SHEEDY, E BENZVI, I BATCHELOR, K GALLARDO, JC KIRK, HG SRINIVASANRAO, T WARREN, GD TI DESIGN OF A HIGH-BRIGHTNESS, HIGH-DUTY FACTOR PHOTOCATHODE ELECTRON-GUN SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The proposed UV-FEL users facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory will require a photocathode gun capable of producing short ( < 6 ps) bunches of electrons at high repetition rates (5 kHz), low energy spread ( < 1.5%), a peak current of 300 A (after compression) and a total bunch charge of up to 2 nC. At the highest charge, the normalized transverse emittance should be less than 7-pi mm mrad. We are presently designing a gun that is expected to exceed these requirements. This gun will consist of 3 1/2 cells, constructed of GlidCop-15, an aluminum oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy. The gun will be capable of operating at duty factors in excess of 1%. Extensive beam dynamics studies of the gun were used to determine the effect of varying the length of the first cell, shaping the apertures between cells, and increasing the number of cells. In addition, a detailed thermal and mechanical study of the gun was performed to ensure that the thermal stresses were well within the allowable limits and that copper erosion of the water channels would not occur. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. MISSION RES CORP,NEWINGTON,VA 22122. RP LEHRMAN, IS (reprint author), GRUMMAN CORP,4 INDEPENDENCE WAY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 247 EP 253 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700050 ER PT J AU PARSA, Z YOUNG, L AF PARSA, Z YOUNG, L TI MODELING OF THE BNL PHOTOCATHODE GUN WITH THE CODE PARMELA SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We present an analysis of the electron beam emitted from the BNL laser driven photocathode injector operating at 2856 MHz. An analysis of the beam transported through the transport line to the entrance of the linac is also presented. Recent measurements of the photocathode laser shows that the pulse length has a sigma of +/- 5 ps and a transverse size of 1.25 mm. A Gaussian shape is assumed for the distribution in both the radial and time dependence of the laser beam. This is compared with the original design parameters of +/- 2 ps and 3 mm. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP PARSA, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 254 EP 258 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91062-E PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700051 ER PT J AU PARSA, Z AF PARSA, Z TI ANALYSIS OF A HIGH-BRIGHTNESS PHOTOELECTRON BEAM WITH SELF-FIELD AND WAKE-FIELD EFFECTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB High-brightness sources are the basic ingredients in recent accelerator developments such as free-electron laser (FEL) experiments. The effects of the interactions between the highly charged particles and the fields in the accelerating structure, e.g., rf, space charge and wake fields can be detrimental to-the beam and the experiments. After discussing our formulation, we present some simulations and results for the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) high-brightness beam that illustrates effects of the accelerating field, space-charge forces, e.g., due to self field of the bunch, and the wake field, e.g., arising from the interaction of the cavity surface and the self field of the bunch. RP PARSA, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91063-F PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700052 ER PT J AU PARSA, Z AF PARSA, Z TI EFFECTS OF VARIATION OF THE LASER-PULSE WIDTH ON THE LASER-INDUCED PHOTOELECTRONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The effects of variation of the laser pulse length on the laser-induced photoelectrons from the BNL gun are presented, including variation of the beam emittance which is crucial to the operation of a free-electron laser (FEL). The radio-frequency (rf) electron gun with a photocathode on the end wall of an rf cavity is excited by a laser pulse that is synchronized with the rf frequency and powered by a conventional type SLAC klystron. This gun is designed to produce a lowe emittance beam at 4.65 MeV at the gun exit with the field gradient of 100 MV/m on the cathode. RP PARSA, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91064-G PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700053 ER PT J AU TSANG, T SRINIVASANRAO, T FISCHER, J AF TSANG, T SRINIVASANRAO, T FISCHER, J TI PHOTOEMISSION USING FEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Successful operation of a short wavelength FEL requires an electron bunch of current > 100 A and normalized emittance < 1 mm mrad. Recent experiments show that rf guns with photocathodes as the electron source may be the ideal candidate for achieving these parameters. To reduce the emittance growth due to space charge and rf dynamics effects, the gun may have to operate at high field gradient (hence at high rf frequency) and a spot size small compared to the aperture. This may necessitate the laser pulse duration to be in the subpicosecond regime to reduce the energy spread. We will present the behavior of metal photocathodes upon irradiation with femtosecond laser beams, comparison of linear and nonlinear photoemission, and scalability to high currents. Theoretical estimate of the intrinsic emittance at the photocathode in the presence of the anomalous heating of the electrons, and the tolerance on the surface roughness of the cathode material, will be discussed. RP TSANG, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 270 EP 274 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91065-H PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700054 ER PT J AU SHEFFIELD, RL BROWMAN, MJ CARLSTEN, BE YOUNG, LM AF SHEFFIELD, RL BROWMAN, MJ CARLSTEN, BE YOUNG, LM TI PHYSICS DESIGN OF THE HIGH BRIGHTNESS LINAC FOR THE ADVANCED FREE-ELECTRON LASER INITIATIVE AT LOS-ALAMOS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Free-electron lasers and high energy physics accelerators have increased the demand for very high brightness electron-beam sources. This paper describes the design of an accelerator that can produce beams of greater than 7 x 10(11) A/m2 (brightness equal to 21/epsilon-2, with epsilon = 90% normalized emittance, equivalent to four times the rms emittance). The beam emittance growth in the accelerator is minimized by: producing a short electron bunch in a high gradient rf cavity, using a focusing solenoid to correct the emittance growth caused by space charge, and designing the coupling slots between accelerator cavities to minimize quadrupole effects. The simulation code PARMELA was modified for this design effort. This modified version uses SUPERFISH output files for the accelerator cavity fields, MAFIA output files for the 3-D perturbation fields caused by the coupling slots in the accelerator cells, and POISSON output files for the solenoid field in the gun region. The results from simulations are, at 2.3 nC, a peak current of 180 A and a 90% emittance of 6.4-pi-mm mrad, and, at 4.6 nC a peak current of 300 A and a 90% emittance of 9.4-pi mrad. The exit energy from the linac is 20 MeV for both cases. A magnetic pulse compressor can be used to further increase the peak current. RP SHEFFIELD, RL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91067-J PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700056 ER PT J AU SCHMITT, MJ CARLSTEN, BE AF SCHMITT, MJ CARLSTEN, BE TI TRANSPORT MODELING OF HIGH-BRIGHTNESS ELECTRON-BEAMS FOR THE LOS-ALAMOS APEX SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Demonstration of high-brightness electron-beam transport is a major goal of the APEX (APLE physics experiment) free-electron laser. The experiment is set up in a SAMOPA (single-accelerator master oscillator power amplifier) configuration. This requires the electron beam to traverse a 60-degrees bend before the oscillator followed by a 150-degrees bend prior to the amplifier. Sensitivity of the electron-beam emittance to parameter variations of the photo-injector, accelerator and magnetic transport elements is examined. The variations include rotations, translations and angular deviations of the dipole and quadrupole elements. The effect of wakefields generated in the accelerator cavities on the electron-beam emittance is discussed. RP SCHMITT, MJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91071-G PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700060 ER PT J AU WANG, TF CHAN, KCD SHEFFIELD, RL WILSON, WL AF WANG, TF CHAN, KCD SHEFFIELD, RL WILSON, WL TI DESIGN OF THE E-BEAM TRANSPORT LINE FOR THE AFEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The advanced free-electron laser (AFEL) currently under construction at Los Alamos National Laboratory is a compact high-performance free-electron laser (FEL). The design of the AFEL integrates our most advanced accelerator and wiggler components. The 1.2 m long accelerator is designed to produce a high-brightness electron beam (e-beam) of 200 to 300 A peak current with an energy of 20 MeV. The beamline incorporates variable permanent-magnet quadrupoles and dipoles for electron beam transport. The AFEL will ultimately use 10 to 20 cm long slotted-tube pulsed microwigglers having a period of 3 mm to 1 cm. In this paper we present the design of the e-beam transport line and discuss the various design considerations. RP WANG, TF (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,AT-7,MS H829,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 314 EP 318 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91072-H PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700061 ER PT J AU HARTMAN, S LOMBARDI, A SHEFFIELD, R WANG, TS AF HARTMAN, S LOMBARDI, A SHEFFIELD, R WANG, TS TI ELECTRON-BEAM SENSITIVITY STUDY OF THE LOS-ALAMOS ADVANCED FREE-ELECTRON LASER-BEAM LINE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A sensitivity study that used the particle tracking code PARMELA was performed on the advanced free-electron laser (AFEL) [1]. The tolerances on the alignment of the beam line elements and the magnetic fields strengths were examined. Two base line linac configurations were determined at the beginning of the study. The electron beam was then matched into the wiggler. The optimized beam line parameters were varied independently and their sensitivities were judged with the criterion that the free-electron laser (FEL) effective detuning parameter should not fluctuate more than 10%. The results of this study set the specifications for the alignment, for the sensitivity of the steering magnets, and for the accuracy of the magnetic field in the quadrupoles and dipoles. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HARTMAN, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 319 EP 322 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91073-I PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700062 ER PT J AU JONES, ME CARLSTEN, BE SCHMITT, MJ ALDRICH, CA LINDMAN, EL AF JONES, ME CARLSTEN, BE SCHMITT, MJ ALDRICH, CA LINDMAN, EL TI A NEW MOVING COORDINATE PARTICLE-IN-CELL MODEL FOR ACCELERATOR TRANSPORT MODELING SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A new moving coordinate particle-in-cell model has been developed as an option in the code ISIS, in an attempt to optimize accelerator transport modeling. Each particle is assigned a charge weight and is tracked in three-dimensional momentum and real space. Three-dimensional fields are represented on a series of cylindrical r-z grids, one for each azimuthal Fourier component (l-value). The meshes are redefined at each time-step, based on the location of the particles. This allows optimum use of the gridding to represent fields only in the vicinity of the particles. For axisymmetric external fields, such as solenoids and rf cavity fields, a rational approximation is used to represent the axial fields. Expansions based on requiring the fields obey Maxwell's equations are used to determine the off axis fields. Space charge effects are approximated by solving Poisson's equation in the rest frame of the beam on a nonuniform mesh which extends beyond the particle mesh to include boundary conditions. The particle push is the usual fully-centered second-order accurate Boris method using both external and self-fields simultaneously in the lab frame. The model has been applied to the Boeing APLE experiment. C1 MISSION RES CORP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP JONES, ME (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91074-J PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700063 ER PT J AU MCVEY, BD BROWMAN, MJ CARLSTEN, BE TAKEDA, H AF MCVEY, BD BROWMAN, MJ CARLSTEN, BE TAKEDA, H TI ELECTRON-BEAM TRANSPORT STUDIES FOR THE APLE EXPERIMENT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The Average Power Laser Experiment (APLE) is a 10-mu-m FEL experiment that is configured as a single accelerator master oscillator power amplifier (SAMOPA). The performance of the device is dependent upon high brightness electron beam transport through bends, bunchers, two wigglers, and intervening magnetic matching sections. Electron beam transport simulations of the APLE layout are presented, and the various design trade-offs and underlying physics of the APLE device is discussed. RP MCVEY, BD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 330 EP 334 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91075-K PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700064 ER PT J AU BENGTSSON, J KIM, KJ AF BENGTSSON, J KIM, KJ TI ACHROMATIC AND ISOCHRONOUS ELECTRON-BEAM TRANSPORT FOR TUNABLE FREE-ELECTRON LASERS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We have continued the study of a suitable electron beam transport line, which is both isochronous and achromatic, for the free electron laser being designed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. A refined version of the beam transport optics is discussed that accommodates two different modes of FEL wavelength tuning, For the fine tuning involving a small change of the electron beam energy, sextupoles are added to cancel the leading nonlinear dispersion. For the main tuning involving the change of the undulator gap, a practical solution of maintaining the beam matching condition is presented. Calculation of the higher order aberrations is facilitated by a newly developed code. RP BENGTSSON, J (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 344 EP 348 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91078-N PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700067 ER PT J AU BATCHELOR, K BENZVI, I FERNOW, RC FISCHER, J FISHER, AS GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G KIRK, HG LEUNG, KP MALONE, R POGORELSKY, I SRINIVASANRAO, T ROGERS, J TSANG, T SHEEHAN, J ULC, S WOODLE, M XIE, J ZHANG, RS LIN, LY MCDONALD, KT RUSSELL, DP HUNG, CM WANG, XJ AF BATCHELOR, K BENZVI, I FERNOW, RC FISCHER, J FISHER, AS GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G KIRK, HG LEUNG, KP MALONE, R POGORELSKY, I SRINIVASANRAO, T ROGERS, J TSANG, T SHEEHAN, J ULC, S WOODLE, M XIE, J ZHANG, RS LIN, LY MCDONALD, KT RUSSELL, DP HUNG, CM WANG, XJ TI PERFORMANCE OF THE BROOKHAVEN PHOTOCATHODE RF GUN SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID LASER AB The Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) uses a photocathode rf gun to provide a high-brightness electron beam intended for FEL and laser acceleration experiments. The rf gun consists of 1 1/2 cells driven at 2856 MHz in pi-mode with a maximum cathode field of 100 MV/m. To achieve long lifetimes, our photocathode development concentrates on robust metals such as copper, yttrium and samarium. We illuminate these. cathodes with a 10 ps, frequency-quadrupled Nd:YAG laser. We describe the initial operation of the gun, including measurements of transverse and longitudinal emittance, quantum efficiencies, and peak current. These results are compared to models. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP BATCHELOR, K (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 9 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 372 EP 376 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91084-M PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700073 ER PT J AU EARLY, J BARTON, J BUSCH, G WENZEL, R REMELIUS, D AF EARLY, J BARTON, J BUSCH, G WENZEL, R REMELIUS, D TI THE LOS-ALAMOS FEL PHOTOINJECTOR DRIVE LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The drive-laser system of the photoelectric injector for the Los Alamos free-electron laser (FEL) is described. The bright electron beams required for high-performance FELs demand stringent specifications on the drive-laser output levels, beam quality, and stability. The laser system generates 7-15 ps (FWHM) Gaussian pulses of 527 nm light at a repetition rate of 21.67 MHz. These "micropulses" are contained within a "macropulse" envelope less than 200-mu-s long, which is emitted from the drive laser at a rate of 1 Hz. Micropulse energies as large as 12-mu-J are obtained. The design specifications, laser architecture, and operating performance following the most recent round of upgrades are presented. RP EARLY, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & LASER SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 381 EP 388 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91086-O PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700075 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, AH EARLY, JW AF LUMPKIN, AH EARLY, JW TI 1ST DUAL-SWEEP STREAK CAMERA MEASUREMENTS OF A PHOTOELECTRIC INJECTOR DRIVE LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON LASERS AB We have performed the first dual-sweep streak camera measurements of a photoelectric injector (PEI) drive laser in regard to micropulse duration, phase jitter, and phase slew. As the drive laser features are directly coupled to the eventual electron-beam properties, the characterization of these features is critical to optimizing free-electron laser (FEL) performance. The features have been investigated on both the intermacropulse and intramacropulse regimes at the Los Alamos FEL facility. In this initial phase we measured the doubled frequency component from the Nd: YLF-based laser system using a Hamamatsu C1587 universal streak camera with a synchroscan plug-in and the dual-sweep upgrade unit. We demonstrated that the macropulse-to-macropulse jitter was about 8 ps (rms) without laser phase stabilization and less than or equal to 2 ps (rms) with laser optimization and phase stabilization. Additionally, for the 100-mu-s long macropulse the phase slew within the macropulse was reduced with phase feedback from about 5 ps to near the resolution limit (< 2 ps). RP LUMPKIN, AH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 389 EP 395 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91087-P PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700076 ER PT J AU SPRINGER, RW CAMERON, BJ AF SPRINGER, RW CAMERON, BJ TI PHOTOCATHODE TRANSFER AND STORAGE TECHNIQUES USING ALKALI VAPOR FEEDBACK-CONTROL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Photocathodes of quantum efficiency (QE) above 1% at the doubled YAG frequency of 532 nm are very sensitive to the local vacuum environment. These cathodes must have a band gap of less than 2.3 eV, and a work function that is also on the order of approximately 2 V or less. As such, these surfaces are very reactive because they provide many surface states for the residual gases that have Positive electron affinities such as oxygen and water. In addition to this problem it is found that the optimal operating point for some of these cesium based cathodes is unstable. Three of the cesium series were tried, the Cs-Ag-Bi-O, the Cs3Sb and the K2CsSb. The most stable material found is the K2CsSb. The required vacuum conditions can be met by a variety of pumping schemes such as using sputter ion diode pumps and baking at 250-degrees-C or less for whatever time is required to reduce the pump currents to below 1-mu-A at room temperature. To obtain the required partial pressure of cesium, a simple, very sensitive, diagnostic gauge has been developed that can discriminate between free alkali atoms and other gases. This Pressure Alkali Monitor (PAM) can be used with cesium sources to provide a low partial pressure using standard feedback techniques. Photocathodes of arbitrary composition have been transferred to a separate vacuum system and preserved for over 10 days with less than a 25% loss to the QE at 543.5 nm. RP SPRINGER, RW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS E-549,MST-7,BOX 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 396 EP 400 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91088-Q PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700077 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, AH FELDMAN, RB APGAR, SA FELDMAN, DW OSHEA, PG FIORITO, RB RULE, DW AF LUMPKIN, AH FELDMAN, RB APGAR, SA FELDMAN, DW OSHEA, PG FIORITO, RB RULE, DW TI INITIAL ELECTRON-BEAM CHARACTERIZATIONS FOR THE LOS-ALAMOS APEX FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID OPTICAL-TRANSITION-RADIATION; LASER AB The ongoing upgrade of the Los Alamos free-electron laser (FEL) facility involves the addition of a photoelectric injector (PEI) and acceleration capability to about 40 MeV. The electron-beam and high-speed diagnostics provide key measurements of charge, beam, position and profile, divergence, emittance, energy (centroid, spread, slew, and extraction efficiency), micropulse duration, and phase stability. Preliminary results for the facility include optical transition radiation interferometer measurements of divergence (1 -2 mrad), FEL extraction efficiency (0.6 +/- 0.2%), and drive laser phase stability (< 2 ps rms). C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 21218. RP LUMPKIN, AH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 415 EP 421 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91091-M PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700080 ER PT J AU GREEGOR, RB LUMPKIN, AH AF GREEGOR, RB LUMPKIN, AH TI SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AS A LOW-GAMMA, NON-INTERCEPTING DIAGNOSTIC CONCEPT FOR THE AVERAGE POWER LASER EXPERIMENT (APLE) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Ultracon and Streak cameras are investigated to measure the synchrotron radiation produced in bends of the average power laser experiment (APLE). Synchrotron radiation is of interest since it is a possible low gamma, high power non-intercepting electron beam diagnostic concept. We estimate that synchrotron radiation should be useful for energies at or above 34 MeV with bend radii less than or equal to 0.8 m at peak currents of 450 A (using Streak cameras) and average currents of 230 mA (using Ultracon cameras). For these conditions the signals produced in Ultracon and Streak cameras will be above the 20 nA dark currents typical of these instruments. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GREEGOR, RB (reprint author), BOEING CO,SEATTLE,WA 98124, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 422 EP 427 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91092-N PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700081 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, AH MCVEY, BD GREEGOR, RB DOWELL, DH AF LUMPKIN, AH MCVEY, BD GREEGOR, RB DOWELL, DH TI ELECTRON-BEAM AND HIGH-SPEED OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS FOR THE AVERAGE POWER LASER EXPERIMENT (APLE) PROGRAM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The average power laser experiment (APLE) program is a collaboration between Boeing Aerospace and Electronics Company and Los Alamos National Laboratory to build a free-electron laser (FEL) operating at a wavelength of 10-mu-m and an average power of 100 kW. This program includes demonstration experiments at Boeing on the injector and at Los Alamos on a single accelerator master oscillator power amplifier (SAMOPA). In response to simulations of the expected electron beam properties, diagnostic plans have been developed for the low duty factor and the 25% duty factor operations of APLE. Preliminary evaluations of diagnostics based on information conversion to visible or near-infrared light (optical-transition radiation, Cherenkov radiation, synchrotron radiation, and spontaneous-emission radiation) or electrical signals (striplines, toroids, flying wires, etc.) are addressed. C1 BOEING AEROSP & ELECTR CO,SEATTLE,WA. RP LUMPKIN, AH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 428 EP 434 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91093-O PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700082 ER PT J AU SCHINDLER, J BEMES, M GONDER, J OBERG, D WRIGHT, R AF SCHINDLER, J BEMES, M GONDER, J OBERG, D WRIGHT, R TI RF CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS FOR THE AVERAGE POWER LASER EXPERIMENT (APLE) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID ACCELERATOR CONTROL-SYSTEM AB The RF linear accelerator driving the APLE injector requires a high-quality electron beam. Stable, tight control of the RF subsystem is a necessary condition for a high-quality beam. For control, precise, repeatable measurement techniques are needed to monitor the phase and amplitude of the RF field. These measurements will also be used to characterize the RF linear accelerator during any given experimental run. This paper describes the development of an RF control and diagnostics system using VME bus extension for instrumentation (VXI) technology. It includes results obtained during RF component testing for the APLE injector. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SCHINDLER, J (reprint author), BOEING DEF & SPACE GRP,DIV AEROSP & ELECTR,POB 3999,SEATTLE,WA 98124, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91094-P PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700083 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, AH AF LUMPKIN, AH TI ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC CONCEPTS FOR EMERGING RF-FEL DESIGNS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Adaptations and developments of diagnostic and experimental techniques for emerging Los Alamos designs for rf-linac-driven free-electron lasers (FELs) are described. Our next FELs are to lase at shorter wavelengths and/or to be more compact than our present infrared FELs. Adjustments to the techniques include spatial compactness, lower emittance regimes, and submicropulse measurement capability. The spatial compactness of the profile monitor reduces shadowing of the injected drive laser and is also applicable to smaller-gap wigglers. The submicropulse measurements include potential slice emittance measurements and recently demonstrated phase effects in drive lasers and e-beams during the macropulse. RP LUMPKIN, AH (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 442 EP 446 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91095-Q PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700084 ER PT J AU DOWELL, DH DAVIS, KJ TYSON, EL ADAMSKI, JL FRIDDELL, KD SHOFFSTALL, DR LUMPKIN, AH TAKEDA, H AF DOWELL, DH DAVIS, KJ TYSON, EL ADAMSKI, JL FRIDDELL, KD SHOFFSTALL, DR LUMPKIN, AH TAKEDA, H TI ELECTRON-BEAM EMITTANCE TECHNIQUES FOR THE AVERAGE POWER LASER EXPERIMENTAL (APLE) INJECTOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB Tests of the average power laser experiment (APLE) injector performance are planned. The injector consists of a frequency-doubled, Nd:YLF driver laser illuminating a cesium-potassium-antimonide photocathode, inserted into one side of the first of two independently powered, single-cell, rf cavities operating at 433 MHz. These are followed by two more cavities, which accelerate the electron beam to approximately 5 MeV. The rest of the beamline to the Faraday cup beam dump contains a three-dipole chicane, along with view screens, ferrite current monitors, and striplines for electron beam characterization. These diagnostics permit measurement of the emittance, pulse length, micropulse charge and peak current. The emittance is determined using the three-screen technique, which has advantages over the two-screen method. The longitudinal emittance can be measured using a streak camera that views quartz screens before, inside, and after the chicane. This chicane can also be used to bunch the electron beam using its non-isochronous transport. The formalism for the measurement of transverse and longitudinal emittances is described. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DOWELL, DH (reprint author), BOEING DEF & SPACE GRP,MAIL STOP 2T-50,POB 3999,SEATTLE,WA 98124, USA. RI Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 447 EP 452 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91096-R PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700085 ER PT J AU WILSON, WL MAY, MW KOZUBAL, AJ AF WILSON, WL MAY, MW KOZUBAL, AJ TI RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-SYSTEM FOR THE ADVANCED FREE-ELECTRON LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The experimental physics and industrial control system (EPICS) is being used to develop a measurement and control system for the advanced free-electron laser (AFEL) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. EPICS is an integrated system of applications development tools and a distributed run time environment that supports an input-output database, a graphical operator interface, sequential control through "state" definition, data archiving, data analysis, and fault management. It is very advantageous in terms of both time and system integrity to be able to perform much of the control system development before the actual hardware for the AFEL is in place. Using the EPICS applications tools, we are developing prototype measurements and controls that can be directly transferred to the AFEL during installation and commissioning. This is possible due primarily to three aspects of EPICS. First, we can easily model physical systems with the state notation language. Second, we can simulate input and output channels with "soft" database channels, which are created using the database configuration tool. Third, we can easily build and modify operator interface screens with the display editor. RP WILSON, WL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV ACCELERATOR TECHNOL,MAIL STOP H825,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 456 EP 459 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91098-T PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700087 ER PT J AU FREUND, HP DAVIDSON, RC KIRKPATRICK, DA AF FREUND, HP DAVIDSON, RC KIRKPATRICK, DA TI THERMAL EFFECTS ON THE GAIN IN FREE-ELECTRON LASERS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; EQUATION; DESIGN AB The effect of an axial energy spread on the linearized gain in free-electron lasers is considered for planar wiggler configurations in both the Raman and high-gain Compton regimes in the idealized one-dimensional limit. A thermal function is obtained by a linearized Vlasov-Maxwell analysis which applies to both the fundamental and the harmonics. The electron beam is assumed to be monoenergetic with a pitch angle spread, and is described by the inclusion of nonvanishing canonical momenta by means of a Gaussian distribution. The planar wiggler configuration admits interactions at odd harmonics as well as the fundamental, and a general dispersion equation is derived which includes the thermal effect at each harmonic as well as the fundamental. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP FREUND, HP (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 477 EP 480 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700091 ER PT J AU CHIN, YH KIM, KJ MING, X AF CHIN, YH KIM, KJ MING, X TI 3-DIMENSIONAL FREE-ELECTRON LASER DISPERSION-RELATION INCLUDING BETATRON OSCILLATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We have developed a 3-D FEL theory based upon the Maxwell-Vlasov equations including the effects of the energy spread and emittance of the electron beam, and of betatron oscillations. The radiation field is expressed in terms of Green's function of the inhomogeneous wave equation and the distribution function of the electron beam. The distribution function is expanded in terms of a set of orthogonal functions determined by the unperturbed particle distribution. The coupled Maxwell-Vlasov equations are then reduced to a matrix equation, from which a dispersion relation for the eigenvalues is derived. In the limit of small betatron oscillation frequency, the present dispersion relation reduces to the well-known cubic equation of the one-dimensional theory in the limit of large beam size, and it gives the correct gain in the limit of small beam size. Comparisons of our numerical results with other approaches show good agreement. We present a handy empirical formula for the FEL gain of a 3-D Gaussian beam, as a function of the scaled parameters, that can be used for a quick estimate of the gain. RP CHIN, YH (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 481 EP 488 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91103-G PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700092 ER PT J AU KIM, KJ AF KIM, KJ TI FEL GAIN TAKING INTO ACCOUNT DIFFRACTION AND ELECTRON-BEAM EMITTANCE - GENERALIZED MADEY THEOREM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID LASER AB We derive a formula for the free-electron laser gain in the small-signal, low-gain regime which resembles closely the 1-D formula but taking into account the effect of wave diffraction, and electron beam divergence and betatron motion. The formula is cast in a form which exhibits clearly the role of the transverse phase space distribution of photons and electrons. RP KIM, KJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 489 EP 494 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91104-H PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700093 ER PT J AU YU, LH KRINSKY, S FRIEDMAN, A GLUCKSTERN, RL VANZEIJTS, JBJ AF YU, LH KRINSKY, S FRIEDMAN, A GLUCKSTERN, RL VANZEIJTS, JBJ TI REDUCTION OF FEL GAIN DUE TO WIGGLER ERRORS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON-LASER AB For an FEL operating in the exponential regime before saturation, we consider the effect on the gain of longitudinal velocity variations arising from wiggler field errors. The average gain reduction and the width of the output power distribution are expressed in terms of the mean square average of the ponderomotive phase shift per gain length. A scheme for correcting the electron trajectory using position monitors and dipole correctors is analyzed. Analytic results are compared with numerical simulations. Our work is directly applicable to the design of FEL amplifiers and the results are encouraging for the feasibility of such devices. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP YU, LH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 500 EP 504 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91106-J PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700095 ER PT J AU GOLDSTEIN, JC WANG, TSF SHEFFIELD, RL AF GOLDSTEIN, JC WANG, TSF SHEFFIELD, RL TI INEX SIMULATIONS OF THE OPTICAL-PERFORMANCE OF THE AFEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID ELECTRON LASER-OSCILLATORS AB The AFEL (advanced free-electron laser) Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory is presently under construction. The project's goal is to produce a very high brightness electron beam which will be generated by a photocathode injector and a 20 MeV rf linac. Initial laser experiments will be performed with a 1 cm period permanent magnet wiggler which will generate intense optical radiation near a wavelength of 3.7-mu-m. Future experiments will operate with "slotted-tube" electromagnetic wigglers (formerly called "pulsed-wire" wigglers). Experiments at both fundamental and higher harmonic wavelengths are planned. This paper presents results of INEX (integrated numerical experiment) simulations of the optical performance of the AFEL. These simulations use the electron micropulse produced by the accelerator/beam transport code PARMELA in the 3-D FEL simulation code FELEX. RP GOLDSTEIN, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP X-1,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 617 EP 622 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91128-V PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700117 ER PT J AU TAKEDA, H MCVEY, BD AF TAKEDA, H MCVEY, BD TI SIMULATION OF APLE PHOTOINJECTOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB This paper presents the PARMELA simulations of the photoinjector for the average power laser experiment. We modified the PARMELA code to include the misalignment of magnetic field coils. The effects on beam emittance from the combination of the misaligned coil and correction REC magnets are studied. The normalized four times rms emittance is calculated as 80-pi-mm mrad at the end of photoinjector with the correction magnets. RP TAKEDA, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 644 EP 648 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91132-S PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700121 ER PT J AU ERNST, GJ GOLDSTEIN, JC AF ERNST, GJ GOLDSTEIN, JC TI PERFORMANCE OF THE SASE AMPLIFIER OF THE TEU-FEL PROJECT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID SIMULATIONS; GAIN AB The free-electron laser of the TEU-FEL project of the University of Twente will be driven by a photoinjector followed by a racetrack microtron. The injector, which is now under construction, will provide a very high-brightness electron beam with an energy of about 6 MeV. In phase I of the project, experiments are being planned in which this low energy beam from the injector will pass through an undulator and will generate radiation at a wavelength of about 200-mu-m via the process of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE). Numerical simulations of the performance of this source indicate that power levels of about 15 MW (averaged over a micropulse) can be obtained with a 1-m undulator. We present additional results derived from simulation studies of the performance of this device. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GRP X-1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP ERNST, GJ (reprint author), TWENTE UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT APPL PHYS,POB 217,7500 AE ENSCHEDE,NETHERLANDS. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91133-T PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700122 ER PT J AU CAPLAN, M AF CAPLAN, M TI PREDICTED PERFORMANCE OF AN INDUCTION LINAC DRIVEN FEL AMPLIFIER DESIGNED FOR RADAR APPLICATIONS AT 94-GHZ SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The saturated performance of an induction linac driven FEL operating at 94 GHz with peak microwave powers in excess of 2 GW is evaluated using a self-consistent 3D waveguide mode-particle interaction code. The code includes the effect of ac longitudinal space charge and dc transverse space charge with the resulting prediction that operation is not possible below 2.5 MeV with a 2 kA beam and 10 cm wiggler. A design based around a 4 MeV beam predicts peak power in excess of 2.4 GW over a 10% bandwidth with output phase varying linearly with frequency. RP CAPLAN, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 655 EP 660 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91134-U PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700123 ER PT J AU KRISHNAGOPAL, S XIE, M KIM, KJ SESSLER, A AF KRISHNAGOPAL, S XIE, M KIM, KJ SESSLER, A TI 3-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF A HOLE-COUPLED FEL OSCILLATOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID ELECTRON AB The performance of a two-mirror resonator with holes for out-coupling has been examined in a previous study in which the FEL gain was neglected, but the geometrical effect of the wiggler aperture was included in the optical calculation. The phenomenon of mode degeneracy was found to occur, that has serious implications for the stability of performance when the FEL gain is included. We have developed a FEL oscillator code based on "TDA", a three-dimensional FEL amplifier code, to study the mode characteristics in the presence of an FEL. We find that the interaction of the radiation and the FEL has an important, and positive, impact on the mode-profile and related cavity performance parameters. In particular, mode degeneracy is not expected to be a serious problem for reasonable FEL oscillator designs. RP KRISHNAGOPAL, S (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 661 EP 664 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91135-V PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700124 ER PT J AU QUIMBY, DC PARAZZOLI, CG ROMERO, JB MCVEY, BD BYRD, DA AF QUIMBY, DC PARAZZOLI, CG ROMERO, JB MCVEY, BD BYRD, DA TI ABATEMENT OF OSCILLATOR-INDUCED ENERGY SPREAD IN SINGLE-ACCELERATOR MOPA OPERATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID ELECTRON LASER-OSCILLATORS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS AB Configuration of a free-electron laser as a master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) is a method for power scaling with reduced susceptibility to mirror damage. When the same electron beam is used to drive both wigglers, the oscillator must be operated at reduced power to minimize induced energy spread. Techniques for power regulation may affect the oscillator sensitivity to e-beam energy and current fluctuations. The suitability of various proposed methods for e-beam quality preservation is reviewed and solutions applicable to the Average-Power Laser Experiment (APLE) are highlighted. C1 BOEING DEF & SPACE GRP,DIV AEROSP & ELECTR,SEATTLE,WA 98124. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP QUIMBY, DC (reprint author), STI OPTRON INC,2755 NORTHUP WAY,BELLEVUE,WA 98004, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 680 EP 690 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91139-Z PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700128 ER PT J AU PROSNITZ, D SCHARLEMANN, ET SHEAFFER, MK AF PROSNITZ, D SCHARLEMANN, ET SHEAFFER, MK TI AMPLIFICATION OF A BI-PHASE SHIFT-KEY MODULATED SIGNAL BY A MM-WAVE FEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB Bi-phase shift keying (BPSK) is a modulation scheme used in communications and radar in which the phase of a transmitted rf signal is switched in a coded pattern between discrete values differing by pi-radians. The transmitted information rate (in communications) or resolution (in imaging radar) depends on the rate at which the transmitted signal can be modulated. Modulation rates of greater than 1 GHz are generally desired. Although the instantaneous gain bandwidth of a mm-wave FEL amplifier can be much greater than 10 GHz, slippage may limit the BPSK modulation rate that can be amplified. Qualitative slippage arguments would limit the modulation rate to relatively low values; nevertheless, simulations with a time-dependent FEL code (GINGER) indicate that rates of 2 GHz or more are amplified without much loss in modulation integrity. In this paper we describe the effects of slippage in the simulations and discuss the limits of simple slippage arguments. RP PROSNITZ, D (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 691 EP 696 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91140-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700129 ER PT J AU SCHMITT, MJ AF SCHMITT, MJ TI EVEN-HARMONIC LASING SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID RADIATION AB Operation of a free-electron laser at harmonics of the fundamental frequency is explored with the numerical simulation code HELEX. This code includes coupling to the harmonics caused by misalignment of the electrons with the optical beam and coupling due to transverse gradients. Albeit weak, the transverse gradient of the electron beam density produces the dominant coupling of the electrons to the even-harmonic light. Even-harmonic lasing occurs in a TEM0.2m + 1-like mode where the field on-axis is zero. As bunching of the electron beam progresses, radiation at the higher odd harmonics is suppressed owing to the absence of higher-order odd-harmonic Fourier components in the bunch. Growth of the even-harmonic power from small signal requires suppression of competing harmonics (including the fundamental) that have higher gain. Lasing at an even harmonic has yet to be experimentally demonstrated in an open resonator (i.e. optical cavity). Strategies to make possible such an experiment are discussed. RP SCHMITT, MJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 703 EP 706 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91142-V PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700131 ER PT J AU YU, LH SESSLER, AM WHITTUM, DH AF YU, LH SESSLER, AM WHITTUM, DH TI FREE-ELECTRON LASER GENERATION OF VUV AND X-RAY-RADIATION USING A CONDITIONED BEAM AND ION-CHANNEL FOCUSING SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID REGIME AB The use of ion-focusing and a conditioned beam greatly enhances FEL gain in the VUV and soft X-ray range. The equations governing FEL amplification are derived and results of a linear analysis are noted. Results of 3-D simulation are presented for a 30 angstrom example, exhibiting an order of magnitude increase in gain. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP YU, LH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 721 EP 725 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700135 ER PT J AU BENZVI, I YANG, KM YU, LH AF BENZVI, I YANG, KM YU, LH TI THE FRESH-BUNCH TECHNIQUE IN FELS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB The "fresh bunch" technique is being proposed as a method of increasing the gain and power of FEL amplifiers in which the length of the optical radiation pulse is shorter than the length of the electron bunch. In a multi-stage FEL, electron beam energy spread is increased by the FEL interaction in the early stages. In the "fresh bunch" technique, the low energy spread of the electron beam is recovered by shifting the radiation pulse to an undisturbed part of the electron bunch, thus improving the gain and trapping fraction in later stages. A test case for the application of the "fresh bunch" method is demonstrated by numerical simulation. In this particular example we examine a subharmonically seeded VUV free-electron laser. We begin with the generation of harmonic radiation, which takes place over one part of the electron bunch. Then the radiation is shifted by means of a strong dispersive section to a fresh part of the bunch for exponential amplification and tapered wiggler amplification. By starting over with a new ensemble of electrons, the energy spread introduced by the bunching in the fundamental is removed, leading to an increased gain. Furthermore, it is possible to use a much stronger seed in the fundamental without incurring the penalty of a large energy spread later on. We note that more than a single application of the "fresh bunch" method may be done in a single FEL multiplier-amplifier. Thus X-ray wavelengths may be reached by successive multiplication in a chain of FEL amplifiers starting from a tunable seed laser. RP BENZVI, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 726 EP 729 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91147-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700136 ER PT J AU FISHER, AS GALLARDO, JC NUHN, HD TATCHYN, R WINICK, H PELLEGRINI, C AF FISHER, AS GALLARDO, JC NUHN, HD TATCHYN, R WINICK, H PELLEGRINI, C TI 40 ANGSTROM FEL DESIGNS FOR THE PEP STORAGE RING SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; X-RAY; RADIATION; OPERATION AB We explore the use of the 2.2 km PEP storage ring at SLAC to drive a 40 angstrom free-electron laser in the self-amplified spontaneous emission configuration. Various combinations of electron-beam and undulator parameters, as well as special undulator designs, are discussed. Saturation and high peak, in-band, coherent power (460 MW) are possible with a 67 m, hybrid permanent-magnet undulator in a ring bypass. A 100 m, cusp-field undulator can achieve high average, in-band, coherent power (0.25 W) in the main ring. The existing, 25.6 m Paladin undulator at LLNL, with the addition of optical-klystron dispersive sections, is considered for both peak and average power. C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP FISHER, AS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BLDG 510D,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 730 EP 735 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91148-3 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700137 ER PT J AU RANGARAJAN, G SESSLER, AM SHARP, WM AF RANGARAJAN, G SESSLER, AM SHARP, WM TI DISCRETE CAVITY MODEL OF A STANDING-WAVE FREE-ELECTRON LASER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A standing-wave free-electron laser (SWFEL) has been proposed for use in a two-beam accelerator (TBA). Unlike a conventional microwave free-electron laser, the SWFEL has a wiggler that is divided by irises into a series of standing-wave cavities, and the beam is reaccelerated by induction cells between cavities. We introduce a one-dimensional discrete-cavity model of the SWFEL. In contrast to the continuum model that has been extensively used to study the device, the new model takes into account time-of-flight effects within the cavity and applies the reacceleration field only between cavities, where the ponderomotive force is absent. As in previous SWFEL models, only a single signal frequency is considered. Using this model, effects of finite cavity length are investigated. For moderately long cavities, it is shown that there are no adverse effects on the phase stability of the device. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP RANGARAJAN, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 745 EP 748 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91151-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700140 ER PT J AU BENZVI, I FERNOW, R GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G SAMPSON, W WOODLE, M AF BENZVI, I FERNOW, R GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G SAMPSON, W WOODLE, M TI THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS OF IRON-BORE SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATORS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID ERRORS AB The unavoidable undulator field errors due to machining tolerances of the yokes lead to a reduction of the gain in comparison to the case computed with an ideally perfect undulator. We describe a mathematical model of errors in iron-dominated micro-undulators introduced by manufacturing tolerances. Explicit expressions for the perturbation fields are derived. We use these fields to calculate the first, second and phase integrals describing the effects on the electron trajectory. We conclude that the intrinsic tolerances achievable with wire electric discharge machining do not significantly affect the performance of the Accelerator Test Facility free-electron laser. RP BENZVI, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 775 EP 780 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700146 ER PT J AU BENZVI, I FERNOW, R GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G SAMPSON, W WOODLE, M AF BENZVI, I FERNOW, R GALLARDO, J INGOLD, G SAMPSON, W WOODLE, M TI PERFORMANCE OF A SUPERCONDUCTING, HIGH-FIELD SUBCENTIMETER UNDULATOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID FREE-ELECTRON LASERS AB A superconducting 8.80 mm wavelength undulator is under construction for the 500 nm free electron laser at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We present results on the design, construction and performance of this novel undulator structure. A field on axis of 0.51 T has been measured for a 4.40 mm gap, with a current 15% below the quench current. Our simple design focuses on minimizing the accumulation of errors by minimizing the numbers of parts and by using a ferromagnetic yoke. The magnetic field error is less than 0.30% rms as manufactured (without shimming). The third harmonic content is less than 0.1% of the fundamental. RP BENZVI, I (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 781 EP 788 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91158-6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700147 ER PT J AU WARREN, R AF WARREN, R TI PROGRESS WITH THE SLOTTED-TUBE PULSED MICROWIGGLER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A pulsed microwiggler can produce a wiggler field of unusually short period and high strength. A period of a few millimeters and a field of 5 T appear possible. A satisfactory design is hard to realize, however, for many reasons: the high current, the current nonuniformities caused by the skin effect, thermal stresses in the parts, the high precision. etc. In addition, measuring the field with adequate resolution in the time domain, as well as in all three spatial coordinates, is challenging, particularly inside the small bore of a microwiggler. This paper presents recent design modifications that illustrate new solutions to these problems and details of the construction, testing, and performance of wigglers already built. RP WARREN, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 5 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 789 EP 793 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91159-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700148 ER PT J AU PRESTON, DW WARREN, RW AF PRESTON, DW WARREN, RW TI WIGGLER FIELD-MEASUREMENTS AND CORRECTIONS USING THE PULSED WIRE TECHNIQUE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB We have performed magnetic field measurements on permanent-magnet wigglers using the pulsed wire technique. The first and second integrals of the field were directly measured, and the field was determined by differentiating the first integral. The pulsed wire technique permits the rapid accumulation of data and the identification of defective wiggler magnets. Magnet defects of different types can be distinguished and compensated for by attaching small, appropriately oriented magnets to each defective magnet. We have made major improvements in the fields using these techniques. C1 CALIF STATE UNIV HAYWARD,DEPT PHYS,HAYWARD,CA 94542. RP PRESTON, DW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 794 EP 797 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91160-B PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700149 ER PT J AU WARREN, R PRESTON, DW AF WARREN, R PRESTON, DW TI FIELD-MEASUREMENTS IN PULSED MICROWIGGLERS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A pulsed microwiggler can provide a large field, greater than 5 T, with a short period, less than 2 mm. It is essential to find a way to measure the field produced in a small bore with accuracy, as well as with high resolution, in all three coordinates and the time domain. Conventional field-measuring probes are too large and have a poor temporal resolution, but the pulsed-wire technique is well suited to these requirements. Los Alamos researchers have made improvements to this technique recently. C1 CALIF STATE UNIV HAYWARD,HAYWARD,CA 94542. RP WARREN, R (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 818 EP 821 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91166-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700155 ER PT J AU GOODMAN, DL SHEFER, RE HALBACH, K AF GOODMAN, DL SHEFER, RE HALBACH, K TI ERROR FIELD MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS FOR A PURE PERMANENT-MAGNET FEL WIGGLER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID DESIGN AB A two meter long pure permanent magnet FEL wiggler with a 4 cm period and a 2.4 kG field on-axis has been fabricated and tested for the random field error parameters which are relevant to high gain FEL performance. The wiggler is part of a submillimeter-wave alpha particle Thomson scattering diagnostic for fusion plasmas. The integrated magnetic field along the electron beam trajectory was measured for each individual wiggler magnet. The magnets were sorted into a configuration which minimizes the random field-error-induced electron beam steering and displacement. A description of the magnetic field error requirements for the FEL, the error field measurement technique, measurement results and magnet sorting algorithms are presented. After sorting, a measured rms field error of less than 0.5% was obtained. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94708. RP GOODMAN, DL (reprint author), SCI RES LAB INC,SOMERVILLE,MA 02143, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 825 EP 829 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91168-9 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700157 ER PT J AU XIE, M KIM, KJ AF XIE, M KIM, KJ TI PERFORMANCE OF HOLE-COUPLING RESONATOR IN THE PRESENCE OF ASYMMETRIC MODES AND FEL GAIN SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB ID SMALL-SIGNAL REGIME; FREE-ELECTRON-LASER AB We continue the study of the hole-coupling resonator for free-electron laser (FEL) applications. The previous resonator code is further developed to include the effects of the azimuthally asymmetric modes and the FEL gain. The implication of the additional higher-order modes is that there are more degeneracies to be avoided in tuning the FEL wavelengths. The FEL interaction is modeled by constructing a transfer map in the small-signal regime and incorporating it into the resonator code. The FEL gain is found to be very effective in selecting a dominant mode from the azimuthally symmetric class of modes. Schemes for broad-wavelength tuning based on passive mode control via adjustable apertures are discussed. RP XIE, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 877 EP 884 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91179-D PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700168 ER PT J AU KIM, KJ SESSLER, AM AF KIM, KJ SESSLER, AM TI PHOTON STORAGE CAVITIES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FREE ELECTRON LASER CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL SANTA FE, NM SP USAF, OFF SCI RES, USA, STRATEG DEF COMMAND, US DOE, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, US STRATEG DEF INITIAT OFF, US NAVAL RES LAB AB A general analysis is presented of a photon storage cavity, coupled to a free-electron laser (FEL) cavity. it is shown that if the coupling between the FEL cavity and the storage cavity is unidirectional (for example, a ring resonator storage cavity) then storage is possible, but that if the coupling is bidirectional then storage is not possible. Parameters are presented for an infrared FEL storage cavity giving an order of magnitude increase in the instantaneous photon power within the storage cavity. RP KIM, KJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP 895 EP 898 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91182-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700171 ER PT J AU NEWMAN, BE GOLDSTEIN, JC AF NEWMAN, BE GOLDSTEIN, JC TI FREE-ELECTRON LASERS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL FREE-ELECTRON LASER CONFERENCE SANTA-FE, NM, USA, AUGUST 25-30, 1991 - PREFACE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material RP NEWMAN, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 318 IS 1-3 BP R7 EP R9 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(92)91012-X PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA JD767 UT WOS:A1992JD76700001 ER PT J AU MATHIS, CA BISHOP, JE GERDES, JM WHITNEY, JM BRENNAN, KM JAGUST, WJ AF MATHIS, CA BISHOP, JE GERDES, JM WHITNEY, JM BRENNAN, KM JAGUST, WJ TI SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF HIGH-AFFINITY, ARYL-SUBSTITUTED [F18]FLUOROPROPYLBENZAMIDES FOR DOPAMINE D-2-RECEPTOR STUDIES SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIVING HUMAN-BRAIN; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; D2-DOPAMINE RECEPTORS; D2 RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; BINDING; PET; QUANTIFICATION; INVIVO AB The potent dopamine D-2 ligands (S)-2,3-dimethoxy-N-[(1-ethel-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-(3-[F-18]fluoropropyl)benzamide (F-18-1) and (S)-2,3-dimethoxy-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-(3-[F-18]fluoropropyl)-6-hydroxybenzamide (F-18-2) were prepared in high specific activity and 5-25% overall radiochemical yields. Benzamide 1 possessed a lower in vitro binding affinity for the D-2 receptor than salicylamide 2, but the in vivo striatal-to-cerebellar radioactivity concentration ratios (St/Cb) in rats and dogs were nearly identical for the two compounds. Compound F-18-2 was more lipophilic than F-18-1, and its increased penetration into and retention by striatal tissue was matched bb an increase in non-specific binding in the cerebellum. Cerebral cortex radioactivity concentration levels in dogs were similar to cerebellum levels. The binding of F-18-labelled 1 and 2 displayed regional brain distribution patterns consistent with known dopamine D-2 receptor densities and was selectively blocked in the striatum of rats by dopamine D-2 antagonists. The binding of F-18-1 was found to be stereoselective, as the F-18-labelled (R)-enantiomer displayed no selective retention in the striatum of dogs. High levels of radioactivity were found in the bones of rats following the injection of F-18-1 and F-18-2, indicating that in vivo defluorination had occurred; however, no bone radioactivity was observed in dogs following the injection of these radioligands. Compound F-18-I was displaced from the striatum of dogs by both d-amphetamine-stimulated dopamine release and haloperidol at doses of 1 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, while compound F-18-2 was displaced from the dog striatum only by haloperidol at these doses. The radioligand F-18-2 holds promise for positron emission tomography studies of the dopamine D-2 receptor system based upon its selective, potent binding and resistance to displacement by endogenous dopamine. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP MATHIS, CA (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV RES MED & RADIAT BIOPHYS,BLDG 55,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Mathis, Chester/A-8607-2009 NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 19 IS 5 BP 571 EP & PG 0 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ339 UT WOS:A1992HZ33900009 ER PT J AU SILVER, EG AF SILVER, EG TI REPORT ON THE AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY TOPICAL MEETING - ADVANCES IN REACTOR-PHYSICS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP SILVER, EG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 317 EP 333 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000001 ER PT J AU OSBORNE, MF LORENZ, RA AF OSBORNE, MF LORENZ, RA TI ORNL STUDIES OF FISSION-PRODUCT RELEASE UNDER LWR SEVERE ACCIDENT CONDITIONS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; FUEL AB The large inventories of radioactive fission products in irradiated fuel represent the principal personnel hazards from nuclear reactors. A large fraction of the existing fission-product release data has been collected from experiments at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Tests of high-burnup light-water-reactor fuel, and also simulated fuel with fission-product tracers, have been conducted in an induction furnace at temperatures up to 2 700 K. In addition to the total releases, on-line release data for Kr-85 and Cs-137 at 1-min intervals throughout the tests provided release-rate values. The most volatile fission-product elements-krypton, iodine, and cesium-are released almost totally at the highest temperatures, with little effect of atmosphere, but the releases of fission product strontium, molybdenum, ruthenium, tellurium, antimony, barium, and europium are sensitive to atmosphere. Data for krypton and cesium releases have been used to develop the ORNL Diffusion Release Model, a simple, single-atom model that reliably predicts the release of volatile fission products. Studies of transport behavior and the chemical forms of released elements, as well as fuel melt progression, have been included also. RP OSBORNE, MF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 344 EP 365 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000003 ER PT J AU MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG AF MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG TI ACTIVITIES RELATED TO WASTE AND SPENT FUEL-MANAGEMENT SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP MUHLHEIM, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 431 EP 438 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000009 ER PT J AU WOOD, DC AF WOOD, DC TI THE CONSISTENCY MATRIX SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Note AB When changes are made to plant hardware, safety-accident analyses, or plant procedures, actions must be taken to ensure that the safely envelope is not violated (Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Pt. 50, Sec. 59). At most utilities multiple document reviews that consume valuable engineering resources must be performed to achieve this objective. The ''Consistency Matrix'' can be used as a shortcut to assist in accomplishing these reviews. The matrix provides a cross-check of parameter values between various documents and is a valuable information tool that can be used by the engineers, licensing personnel, and even the regulator. RP WOOD, DC (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 450 EP 451 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000011 ER PT J AU CLETCHER, JW AF CLETCHER, JW TI REACTOR SHUTDOWN EXPERIENCE SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP CLETCHER, JW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 452 EP 454 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000012 ER PT J AU MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG AF MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG TI OPERATING UNITED-STATES POWER-REACTORS SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP MUHLHEIM, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 455 EP 473 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000013 ER PT J AU MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG AF MUHLHEIM, MD SILVER, EG TI GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP MUHLHEIM, MD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 474 EP 483 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000014 ER PT J AU QUEENER, DS AF QUEENER, DS TI REPORTS, STANDARDS, AND SAFETY GUIDES SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article RP QUEENER, DS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 33 IS 3 BP 484 EP 487 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KY500 UT WOS:A1992KY50000015 ER PT J AU GUO, ZH UHRIG, RE AF GUO, ZH UHRIG, RE TI USE OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS TO ANALYZE NUCLEAR-POWER-PLANT PERFORMANCE SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEURAL NETWORK MODELING; POWER PLANT PERFORMANCE; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AB A hybrid artificial neural network is used to model the thermodynamic behavior of the Tennessee Valley Authority's Sequoyah nuclear power plant using data for heat rate measurements acquired over a 1-yr period. The modeling process involves the use of a self-organizing network to rearrange the original data into several classes by clustering. Then, the centroids of these clusters are used as the training patterns for an artificial neural network that utilizes backpropagation training to adjust the weights on the connections between artificial neurons. This procedure greatly reduces the training time and reduces the system error. Comparison of the calculated heat rates with those predicted by the artificial neural network gives an error of <0.1%. A sensitivity analysis is then performed by taking the partial derivative of the heat rate with respect to each individual input to secure a sensitivity coefficient. These coefficients identified the input variables that were most important to improving the heat rate and efficiency. The methodology reported is an alternative to the conventional modeling procedures used in other heat rate monitoring systems. It has the advantage that the artificial neural network model is based on actual plant data that cover the dynamic range normally occurring over an annual cycle of operation, and it is not subject to linearization or empirical approximations. This process could be utilized by existing heat rate monitoring systems. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. RP GUO, ZH (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 99 IS 1 BP 36 EP 42 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JA615 UT WOS:A1992JA61500003 ER PT J AU CUNNINGHAM, ME AF CUNNINGHAM, ME TI ANNOUNCEMENT OF CONTAMINATION OF BEHAVIOR OF SPENT FUEL IN STORAGE PROJECT FUEL OXIDATION SAMPLES SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP CUNNINGHAM, ME (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, BEHAV SPENT FUEL STORAGE PROJECT, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 99 IS 1 BP 133 EP 134 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JA615 UT WOS:A1992JA61500011 ER PT J AU BADHWAR, GD BRABY, LA CUCINOTTA, FA ATWELL, W AF BADHWAR, GD BRABY, LA CUCINOTTA, FA ATWELL, W TI DOSE-RATE, DOSE-EQUIVALENT RATE, AND QUALITY FACTOR IN SLS-1 SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article AB A tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) sensitive to the lineal energy range of 0.26-300 keV-mu-m-1 was flown on STS-40 (39-degrees x 278 km x 296 km) inside the Spacelab. This instrument was previously flown on STS-31 but was modified to provide a finer resolution at lower lineal energies to better map the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) protons. The instrument was turned on 6 June 1991, and operated for 7470 min (124.5 h). The flight duration was characterized by a very large number of X-ray solar flares and enhanced magnetic field fluctuations; however, no significant dose from the solar particles was measured at the location of this instrument. The flight data can be separated into trapped and galactic cosmic radiation parts. The dose rate, dose-equivalent rate and quality factor for trapped radiation were 4.21 +/- 0.03 mrad day-1, 7.72 +/- 0.05 mrem day-1, and 1.83 +/- 0.1, respectively. The dose rate, dose-equivalent rate, and quality factor for galactic cosmic radiation were 5.34 +/- 0.03 mrad day-1, 14.63 +/- 0.06 mrem day-1, and 2.74 +/- 0.1, respectively. The overall quality factor for the flight was 2.38. The dose from the GCR is higher than from SAA protons because of the high inclination and low altitude of this flight. The AP8MAX model of the trapped radiation gives a dose rate of 2.43 mrad day-1 and a quality factor of 1.77. The CREME solar maximum model of galactic cosmic radiation gives a dose mte of 2.54 mrad day-1 and a quality factor of 2.91. Thus the AP8MAX model underestimates the dose by a factor of 1.8 whereas the CREME model leads to an underestimation of the dose by a factor of 2. A comparison of the LET spectra using the AP8MAX model and galactic cosmic radiation transport codes shows only a qualitative agreement. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. ROCKWELL INT INC, HOUSTON, TX 77058 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP BADHWAR, GD (reprint author), NASA, LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77058 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 447 EP 451 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JH942 UT WOS:A1992JH94200010 ER PT J AU HE, YD PRICE, PB AF HE, YD PRICE, PB TI SENSITIVITY STUDY OF CR-39 PLASTIC TRACK DETECTORS SO NUCLEAR TRACKS AND RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article AB With the goal of increasing the sensitivity of CR-39 plastic track-recording detectors, samples Of Plastics that contain antioxidant additives were made by Tastrak (Bristol, U.K.) and evaluated by us with a Bevalac exposure at the University of California, Berkeley. The results show that CR-39 containing 100 ppm Naugard additives but no plasticizer DOS has higher sensitivity than standard CR-39 plastic in the tested range of Z(eff)/beta = 7 - 12. However, no nuclei with Z less-than-or-equal-to 5 were recorded in any of the samples, indicating that the detection threshold of the calibrated CR-39 samples (Z(eff)/beta)(threshold) was greater-than-or-equal-to 6. 1. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HE, YD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0735-245X J9 NUCL TRACKS RAD MEAS PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 491 EP 494 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA JH942 UT WOS:A1992JH94200015 ER PT J AU HARTLEY, DS AF HARTLEY, DS TI MILITARY OPERATIONS-RESEARCH - PRESENTATIONS AT ORSA/TIMS MEETINGS SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB This paper highlights the methodologies, organizations, and applications of military operations research in practice as evidenced by presentations at ORSA/TIMS meetings over the last seven and a half years. Cross-tabulations address the questions of who does what kind of military OR, what methodologies are used in what applications, and what trends are evident. RP HARTLEY, DS (reprint author), US DOE,CTR MODELING SIMULAT & GAMING,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC AMER PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2920 SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP 640 EP 646 DI 10.1287/opre.40.4.640 PG 7 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA JL871 UT WOS:A1992JL87100002 ER PT J AU SMITH, RD LIGHTWAHL, KJ WINGER, BE LOO, JA AF SMITH, RD LIGHTWAHL, KJ WINGER, BE LOO, JA TI PRESERVATION OF NONCOVALENT ASSOCIATIONS IN ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY - MULTIPLY CHARGED POLYPEPTIDE AND PROTEIN DIMERS SO ORGANIC MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; SEQUENCE INFORMATION; INDUCED DISSOCIATION; CYTOCHROME-C; IONS; DENATURATION; INTERFACE; MYOGLOBIN; COMPLEXES AB The 'softness' of the electrospray ionization (ESI) method provides a direct link between solution chemistry and the inherent gas-phase environment of mass spectrometry. Available results related to the preservation of non-covalent associations into the gas phase after ESI are reviewed. These associations include the possible retention of elements of higher order protein structure, non-covalent polypeptide-heme associations and enzyme complexes. Experimental results are presented showing that non-covalently bound polypeptide and protein dimer ions are relatively common as low level contributions to ESI mass spectra. It is argued that these dimers are reflective of multimeric species in solution since Coulombic barriers preclude dimerization after ESI, although uncertainty remains regarding whether they exist prior to the formation of highly charged droplets. The dissociation of dimers is facile, and for proteins can yield monomers having a broad distribution of charge states. The detection of non-covalently associated dimers requires gentle ESI mass spectrometer interface conditions, yielding relatively low levels of internal excitation. Under such conditions, incomplete molecular ion desolvation can result in experimental artifacts for tandem mass spectrometric experiments. ESI mass spectrometry may have broad potential for the study of noncovalent liquid phase associations. RP SMITH, RD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 49 TC 134 Z9 134 U1 3 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0030-493X J9 ORG MASS SPECTROM JI Org. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 7 BP 811 EP 821 DI 10.1002/oms.1210270709 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JE685 UT WOS:A1992JE68500008 ER PT J AU BRAMMER, L MCCANN, MC BULLOCK, RM MCMULLAN, RK SHERWOOD, P AF BRAMMER, L MCCANN, MC BULLOCK, RM MCMULLAN, RK SHERWOOD, P TI ET3NH+CO(CO)4- - HYDROGEN-BONDED ADDUCT OR SIMPLE ION-PAIR - SINGLE-CRYSTAL NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY AT 15-K SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Note ID TRANSITION-METAL BONDS AB Et3NH+Co(CO)4- contains a short N-H...Co contact, which provides the closest approach between the anion and cation. Accurate structural characterization by neutron diffraction at 15 K shows the N-H...Co interaction to be linear with a long N-H bond length and a relatively short Co...H separation (Co...H = 2.613 (2) angstrom, N-H = 1.054 (1) angstrom, N-H...Co = 180.0-degrees). This evidence is consistent with the presence of a three-center-four-electron hydrogen-bond-like N-H...Co interaction, though it does not rule out simple electrostatic attraction as the principal driving force behind association of the Et3NH+ and Co(CO)4- ions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. SERC, DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. RP UNIV MISSOURI, DEPT CHEM, 8001 NAT BRIDGE RD, ST LOUIS, MO 63121 USA. RI Sherwood, Paul/B-9033-2012; Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016 OI Sherwood, Paul/0000-0002-4611-5052; Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851 NR 18 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 EI 1520-6041 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 11 IS 7 BP 2339 EP 2341 DI 10.1021/om00043a009 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA JD622 UT WOS:A1992JD62200009 ER PT J AU CHEN, SP AF CHEN, SP TI STUDIES OF IRIDIUM SURFACES AND GRAIN-BOUNDARIES SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID BRITTLE-FRACTURE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; 110 SURFACE; NI3AL; BORON; METALS; AL; ALLOYS; FEAL; NI AB We have used local volume potentials to study surfaces and grain boundaries in Ir. We found that (110), (210) and (310) surfaces reconstruct in a 1 x 2 missing-row fashion. The (110) surface reconstruction is consistent with experimental observations, while the predictions of 1 x 2 reconstructions on (210) and (310) surfaces need to be tested experimentally. The grain boundaries have high grain boundary energies and fracture at a much lower strain than the bulk. This behaviour is consistent with intergranular brittleness of polycrystalline Ir. We propose an intrinsic grain boundary fracture map to sort materials into categories with distinct fracture behaviours according to their physical quantities and grain boundary cohesion. RP CHEN, SP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 66 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA JD243 UT WOS:A1992JD24300001 ER PT J AU REGAN, JD CARRIER, WL GUCINSKI, H OLLA, BL YOSHIDA, H FUJIMURA, RK WICKLUND, RI AF REGAN, JD CARRIER, WL GUCINSKI, H OLLA, BL YOSHIDA, H FUJIMURA, RK WICKLUND, RI TI DNA AS A SOLAR DOSIMETER IN THE OCEAN SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; NATURAL-WATERS AB Stratospheric ozone depletion may result in increased solar UV-B radiation to the ocean's upper layers and may cause deleterious effects on marine organisms. The primary UV-B damage induced in biological systems is to DNA. While physical measurements of solar UV-B penetration into the sea have been made, the effective depth and magnitude of actual DNA damage have not been determined. In the experiments reported here, UV-B-induced photoproducts (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers) have been quantified in DNA molecules exposed to solar UV at the surface and at various depths in clear, tropical marine waters off Lee Stocking Island (23-degrees 45-degrees N, 76-degrees 0.7' W), Exuma Cays, Bahamas. [C-14]thymidine-labeled DNA or unlabeled bacteriophage phi-X174 DNA was placed in specially designed quartz tubes at various depths for up to five days. Following exposure, DNA samples were removed to the laboratory where UV-B-induced pyrimidine dimers were quantified using a radiochromatographic assay, and bacteriophage DNA inactivation by solar UV-B was assayed by plaque formation in spheroplasts of Escherichia coli. Pyrimidine dimer induction was linear with time but the accumulation of dimers in DNA with time varied greatly with depth. Attenuation of dimer formation with depth of water was exponential. DNA at 3 m depth had only 17% of the pyrimidine dimers found at the surface. Bacteriophage phi-X174 DNA, while reduced 96% in plaque-forming ability by a one day exposure to solar UV at the surface of the water, showed no effect on plaque formation after a similar exposure at 3 m. The data collected at the water's surface showed a "surface-enhanced dose" in that DNA damages at the real surface were greater than at the imaginary surface, which was obtained by extrapolating the data at depth to the surface. These results show the sensitivity of both the biochemical (dimers) and biological (phage plaques) DNA dosimeters. DNA dosimeters offer a sensitive, convenient and relatively inexpensive monitoring system, having both biochemical and biological endpoints for monitoring the biologically effective UV-B flux in the marine environment. Unlike physical dosimeters. DNA dosimeters do not have to be adjusted for biological effectiveness since they are sensitive only to DNA-mediated biologically effective UV-B radiation. Results of pyrimidine dimer induction in DNA by solar UV accurately predicted UV doses to the phage DNA. C1 US EPA,MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,ENVIRONM RES LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97333. ALASKA FISHERIES CTR,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,HATFIELD MARINE SCI CTR,NEWPORT,OR 97365. CARIBBEAN MARINE RES CTR,EXUMA CAYS,BAHAMAS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP REGAN, JD (reprint author), FLORIDA INST TECHNOL,DEPT BIOL SCI,MELBOURNE,FL 32901, USA. NR 28 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 56 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb09599.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JF185 UT WOS:A1992JF18500006 PM 1387234 ER PT J AU MUHS, JD AF MUHS, JD TI SILICONE-RUBBER FIBER OPTIC SENSORS SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article RP MUHS, JD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV APPL TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 26 IS 7 BP 98 EP & PG 0 WC Optics SC Optics GA JD359 UT WOS:A1992JD35900027 ER PT J AU STUDER, AJ MCKENZIE, DR COCKAYNE, DJH SMITH, GB BROWN, IG AF STUDER, AJ MCKENZIE, DR COCKAYNE, DJH SMITH, GB BROWN, IG TI CATHODIC ARC ABLATION AS A NEW METHOD OF HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR DEPOSITION SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LASER EVAPORATION; THIN-FILMS AB A process has been developed in which a pulsed cathodic arc is used to deposit thin films of YBa2Cu3O7-delta superconductor. After post-deposition annealing, the films are found to be metallic with a superconducting transition at 85 K, and are highly oriented perpendicular to the c-axis. Microstructure analysis shows that macroscopic particles produced in the ablation process are recrystallized by the annealing procedure. C1 UNIV SYDNEY, ELECTRON MICROSCOPE UNIT, SYDNEY, NSW 2006, AUSTRALIA. UNIV TECHNOL SYDNEY, DEPT APPL PHYS, BROADWAY, NSW 2007, AUSTRALIA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP STUDER, AJ (reprint author), UNIV SYDNEY, SCH PHYS, SYDNEY, NSW 2006, AUSTRALIA. RI Smith, Geoff/A-6639-2012; OI Smith, Geoff/0000-0002-6985-2880; McKenzie, David/0000-0002-2476-1301 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(92)90248-B PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA JE337 UT WOS:A1992JE33700024 ER PT J AU KENKRE, VM KUS, M KATZ, JD AF KENKRE, VM KUS, M KATZ, JD TI MODEL FOR ANOMALOUS POWER DEPENDENCE OF MICROWAVE-HEATING IN CERAMIC MATERIALS SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY; SPACE-CHARGE AB A model is presented to explain the anomalous power dependence of microwave heating in ceramic materials. The anomaly considered consists of a saturation effect wherein the dependence of the heating rate on microwave power becomes sublinear. Our proposed explanation is based on the idea of spatial confinement of the absorbing charges in grain boundary regions. The mechanism of saturation, more generally, of a decrease in absorption efficiency, arises from a mismatch of two lengths, one of which measures the maximum distance an absorbing charge travels under the combined action of damping and of the oscillating microwave field, and the other measures the spatial extent of the confining region. Explicit calculations for a simple model are presented and the results are examined in the light of observations on ferric oxide. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICRO ENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV CALIF,LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87475. RP KENKRE, VM (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. RI Kus, Marek/N-3936-2014 OI Kus, Marek/0000-0002-2767-3251 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 172 IS 1 BP 337 EP 347 DI 10.1002/pssb.2221720129 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA JG634 UT WOS:A1992JG63400027 ER PT J AU ZAIFMAN, D GRABER, T KANTER, EP VAGER, Z AF ZAIFMAN, D GRABER, T KANTER, EP VAGER, Z TI INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLE-SCATTERING ON THE COULOMB-EXPLOSION IMAGING OF FAST MOLECULES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID IONS; FOILS AB A quantitative analysis of the influence of small-angle multiple scattering on fast molecules dissociating in solids is made using a Monte Carlo technique. Simulations allow the computation of asymptotic velocities of all of the fragments after Coulomb explosion. It is found that only the simultaneous treatment of the Coulomb explosion and the multiple scattering leads to satisfactory agreement of the simulations with experimental data. Limits on the range of validity for Coulomb-explosion-imaging experiments are determined. It is shown that these limits are ample to allow quantitative spectroscopic data to be extracted from such experiments. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP 194 EP 200 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.194 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800025 ER PT J AU MCCURDY, CW RESCIGNO, TN AF MCCURDY, CW RESCIGNO, TN TI BEYOND THE PRIMITIVE SEPARABLE EXCHANGE APPROXIMATION IN ELECTRON-MOLECULE SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ALGEBRAIC VARIATIONAL CALCULATIONS; INTEGRALS AB Separable approximations have been used in electron-molecule scattering calculations to avoid the computation of two-electron matrix elements involving continuum functions. We show that such matrix elements involving one continuum function (proportional to a spherical Bessel function at large distances) and three Gaussian functions can be reduced to a single numerical quadrature of an integral involving ordinary two-election integrals over only Gaussian functions. Using these integrals in the Kohn variational method for electron-molecule scattering allows one to avoid the limitations of a primitive separable approximation for exchange interactions by replacing it with a more stable Schwinger separable expansion. The procedure is demonstrated for electron scattering from the 2(3)S state of helium. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.255 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800034 ER PT J AU BOWDEN, CM SUNG, CC PETHEL, SD RITCHIE, AB AF BOWDEN, CM SUNG, CC PETHEL, SD RITCHIE, AB TI CLASSICAL DYNAMICS OF STRONG-FIELD IONIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-ATOM; LASER FIELDS; SUPERINTENSE; OSCILLATOR AB We have used classical dynamics to study high-field-intensity ionization of atoms for various parameters and different potentials. The numerical calculations establish evidence that the ionization probability P vanishes in the limit of large field amplitude and small Kramer's parameter A/omega(2), where A is the field amplitude and omega is the frequency. We also show that the reported suppression of P for large values of A at fixed frequency-omega in quantum dynamics is consistent results from the corresponding classical ensemble, depending upon the potential, and within the context of comparison. These results, combined with other data, indicate that the classical-ensemble initial conditions, together with the modulation of the potential by the externally applied field, play a significant role in the classical picture of photoionization. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BOWDEN, CM (reprint author), USA,MISSILE COMMAND,CTR RES DEV & ENGN,WEAP SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSMI RD WS ST,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898, USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP 592 EP 596 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.592 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800075 ER PT J AU ROSE, MH LINDBERG, M CHOW, WW KOCH, SW SARGENT, M AF ROSE, MH LINDBERG, M CHOW, WW KOCH, SW SARGENT, M TI COMPOSITE-CAVITY-MODE APPROACH TO SINGLE-MODE SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER FEEDBACK INSTABILITIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COUPLED LASERS; COHERENCE COLLAPSE; EXTERNAL FEEDBACK; OPTICAL FEEDBACK; CHAOS; BISTABILITY; OPERATION; RESONATOR; ROUTE AB A semiconductor laser in an external high-quality cavity is analyzed using a composite-resonator-eigenmode description of two coupled resonators. Laser threshold and lasing frequency are studied for various cavity lengths and coupling-mirror transmissions controlling the amount of light feedback into the laser. The results are valid for all values of coupling. Pronounced mode hopping is predicted, which leads to dramatic laser-frequency shifts for small variations of the external cavity length. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV 2531,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP ROSE, MH (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP 603 EP 611 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.603 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800077 ER PT J AU RITCHIE, B CHANG, B AF RITCHIE, B CHANG, B TI QUANTUM-MECHANICAL MEAN OF THE EJECTED-ELECTRON ENERGY IN STRONG-FIELD IONIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note AB A useful criterion for atomic ionization in classical mechanics is the "compensated energy," which temporally evolves from the negative initial binding energy to a stationary positive value as the electron is ejected. Herein we give the quantum-mechanical analog of this quantity. RP RITCHIE, B (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP 674 EP 675 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.674 PG 2 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800089 ER PT J AU BEIERSDORFER, P NILSEN, J OSTERHELD, A VOGEL, D WONG, K MARRS, RE ZASADZINSKI, R AF BEIERSDORFER, P NILSEN, J OSTERHELD, A VOGEL, D WONG, K MARRS, RE ZASADZINSKI, R TI MEASUREMENTS OF LINE OVERLAP FOR RESONANT PHOTOPUMPING OF 4-]4 TRANSITIONS IN HIGHLY CHARGED NICKEL-LIKE IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; AMPLIFICATION; SPECTRA AB The wavelength of the 6f7/2 --> 3d5/2 transition in several nickel-like ions has been measured on the Livermore electron-beam ion trap with a precision as high as 27 ppm in order to assess their utility in a resonant photopumping scheme to achieve x-ray lasing below 80 angstrom. An interpolation of the results is presented, which provides an estimate of the transition energies for ions between Dy (Z = 66) and U (Z = 92). The closest line coincidence was found for the 3d-6f transition in nickel-like Hf, which differs by 1.2 m angstrom from the wavelength of the Ly-a(2) transition in hydrogenic Cl, and for the 3d-6f transition in Tl, which differs by 0.8 m angstrom from Ly-a(1) in hydrogenic Ca. RP BEIERSDORFER, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 46 IS 1 BP R25 EP R28 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.R25 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA JC558 UT WOS:A1992JC55800007 ER EF