FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Hahn, DC Wingfield, JC Fox, DM Walker, BG Thomley, JE AF Hahn, D. Caldwell Wingfield, John C. Fox, David M. Walker, Brian G. Thomley, Jill E. TI Maternal androgens in avian brood parasites and their hosts: Responses to parasitism and competition? SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arms race; Cowbird; Maternal effects; Parasitism; Tolerance; Yolk testosterone ID BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS; MOLOTHRUS-ATER; YOLK TESTOSTERONE; SONG SPARROWS; IMMUNE FUNCTION; NEST PREDATION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SEASONAL FECUNDITY; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; BREEDING DENSITY AB In the coevolutionary dynamic of avian brood parasites and their hosts, maternal (or transgenerational) effects have rarely been investigated. We examined the potential role of elevated yolk testosterone in eggs of the principal brood parasite in North America, the brown-headed cowbird, and three of its frequent host species. Elevated maternal androgens in eggs are a common maternal effect observed in many avian species when breeding conditions are unfavorable. These steroids accelerate embryo development, shorten incubation period, increase nestling growth rate, and enhance begging vigor, all traits that can increase the survival of offspring. We hypothesized that elevated maternal androgens in host eggs are a defense against brood parasitism. Our second hypothesis was that elevated maternal androgens in cowbird eggs are a defense against intra-specific competition. For host species, we found that elevated yolk testosterone was correlated with parasitized nests of small species, those whose nest success is most reduced by cowbird parasitism. For cowbirds, we found that elevated yolk testosterone was correlated with eggs in multiply-parasitized nests, which indicate intra-specific competition for nests due to high cowbird density. We propose experimental work to further examine the use of maternal effects by cowbirds and their hosts. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hahn, D. Caldwell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Wingfield, John C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurobiol Physiol & Behav, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fox, David M.] Natl Pk Serv, Jean Lafitte Natl Hist Pk & Preserve, Marrero, LA 70072 USA. [Walker, Brian G.] Fairfield Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Thomley, Jill E.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Hahn, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM chahn@usgs.gov; jcwingfield@ucdavis.edu; david_m_fox@nps.gov; bwalker@fairfield.edu; thomleyje@appstate.edu FU National Geographic Society, United States [6664-99]; National Science Foundation, United States [IBN-0317141] FX We thank the National Geographic Society, United States, Grant No. 6664-99 to DCH and National Science Foundation, United States, grant No. IBN-0317141 to JCW for research support. Rockefeller University Field Research Center and Innisfree Garden kindly gave permission to conduct the study on their land, and F. Nottebohm and P. Tellerday provided excellent logistical support. We thank J.A. Sedgwick and N. Parsons for assistance searching for nests and L.W. Douglass for assistance with Goodness of Fit tests. We thank J.S. Hatfield, T.E. Martin, and several anonymous reviewers whose helpful comments improved the manuscript. NR 108 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 240 BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.10.004 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA EE6PG UT WOS:000389734100017 PM 27746250 ER PT J AU Escobar, LE Kurath, G Escobar-Dodero, J Craft, ME Phelps, NBD AF Escobar, L. E. Kurath, G. Escobar-Dodero, J. Craft, M. E. Phelps, N. B. D. TI Potential distribution of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in the Great Lakes region SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; Maxent; niche modeling; remote sensing; viral haemorrhagic septicaemia ID ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; GENOTYPE IVB; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; FRESH-WATER; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MORTALITY EVENT; ROUND GOBIES; VHSV; ONTARIO AB Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genotype IVb has been responsible for large-scale fish mortality events in the Great Lakes of North America. Anticipating the areas of potential VHSV occurrence is key to designing epidemiological surveillance and disease prevention strategies in the Great Lakes basin. We explored the environmental features that could shape the distribution of VHSV, based on remote sensing and climate data via ecological niche modelling. Variables included temperature measured during the day and night, precipitation, vegetation, bathymetry, solar radiation and topographic wetness. VHSV occurrences were obtained from available reports of virus confirmation in laboratory facilities. We fit a Maxent model using VHSV-IVb reports and environmental variables under different parameterizations to identify the best model to determine potential VHSV occurrence based on environmental suitability. VHSV reports were generated from both passive and active surveillance. VHSV occurrences were most abundant near shore sites. We were, however, able to capture the environmental signature of VHSV based on the environmental variables employed in our model, allowing us to identify patterns of VHSV potential occurrence. Our findings suggest that VHSV is not at an ecological equilibrium and more areas could be affected, including areas not in close geographic proximity to past VHSV reports. C1 [Escobar, L. E.; Craft, M. E.; Phelps, N. B. D.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Populat Med, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Escobar, L. E.; Phelps, N. B. D.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Aquat Invas Species Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kurath, G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Escobar-Dodero, J.] Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ecol & Recursos Nat, Santiago, Chile. [Phelps, N. B. D.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Escobar, LE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Populat Med, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM lescobar@umn.edu OI Escobar, Luis E./0000-0001-5735-2750 FU Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center; Clean Water Land and Legacy FX LEE was supported by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, the Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center and the Clean Water Land and Legacy. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 EI 1365-2761 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 40 IS 1 BP 11 EP 28 DI 10.1111/jfd.12490 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA EE7VZ UT WOS:000389834400002 PM 27173916 ER PT J AU Fritts, AK Fritts, MW Haag, WR DeBoer, JA Casper, AF AF Fritts, Andrea K. Fritts, Mark W. Haag, Wendell R. DeBoer, Jason A. Casper, Andrew F. TI Freshwater mussel shells (Unionidae) chronicle changes in a North American river over the past 1000 years SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Sclerochronology; Historical ecology; von Bertalanffy; Isotope; Growth; Eutrophication ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; ILLINOIS RIVER; FOOD WEBS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; GROWTH; COMMUNITY; LAKE; EUTROPHICATION; CONSERVATION; EFFLUENTS AB The Illinois River was substantially altered during the 20th century with the installation of navigational locks and dams, construction of extensive levee networks, and degradation of water quality. Freshwater mussels were affected by these changes. We used sclerochronology and stable isotopes to evaluate changes over time in age-and-growth and food sources for two mussel species: Amblema plicata and Quadrula quadrula. Specimens were collected in years 1894, 1897, 1909, 1912, 1966, and 2013, and archeological specimens were collected circa 850. The von Bertalanffy growth parameter (K) was similar between 850 and 1897, but it increased by 1912 and remained elevated through 2013. Predicted maximum size (L-inf) increased over the past millennium, and 2013 individuals were over 50% larger than in 850. Growth indices showed similar patterns of continual increases in growth. Shells were enriched in C-13 and N-15 during the 20th century, but exhibited a partial return to historical conditions by 2013. These patterns are likely attributable to impoundment, nutrient pollution and eutrophication beginning in the early 20th century followed by recent water quality improvement. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fritts, Andrea K.; Fritts, Mark W.; DeBoer, Jason A.; Casper, Andrew F.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Illinois River Biol Stn, Havana, IL 62644 USA. [Haag, Wendell R.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Fritts, Andrea K.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Fritts, Mark W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA. RP Fritts, AK (reprint author), USGS Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM afritts@usgs.gov; mark_fritts@fws.gov; whaag@fs.fed.us; jadeboer@illinois.edu; afcasper@illinois.edu OI Fritts, Andrea/0000-0003-2142-3339 FU University of Illinois, Prairie Research Institute FX We thank K. Cummings and the Illinois Natural History Survey for providing access to historical specimens and R. Warren and the Illinois State Museum for providing access to archeological specimens. We are grateful for the assistance of many individuals in the lab or field, including T. Beasley, M. Bland, A. Burgett, S. Douglass, C. Gilliland, R. Pendleton, A. Stodola, and J. Widloe. This research received funding from the Matching Research Awards Program through the University of Illinois, Prairie Research Institute. This manuscript was improved with input from two anonymous reviewers. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 575 BP 199 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.225 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF5MD UT WOS:000390373400022 PM 27741455 ER PT J AU Pinkney, AE Myers, MS Rutter, MA AF Pinkney, Alfred E. Myers, Mark S. Rutter, Michael A. TI Histopathology of brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in relation to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination in the Hudson River SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Yellow perch; PCBs; Histopathology; Atresia; Hudson River; NRDA ID FLOUNDER PLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; TOXICOPATHIC HEPATIC-LESIONS; BENEFICIAL USE IMPAIRMENT; NEW-YORK-STATE; LIVER-LESIONS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; ORYZIAS-LATIPES; CHESAPEAKE BAY AB From the 1940s through 1977, at least 590,000 kg of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were released into the Hudson River from General Electric manufacturing plants located in Hudson Falls and Fort Edward, New York. In 1984, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency designated a nearly 322 km reach as the Hudson River PCBs Superfund Site. Here we describe a Fish Health Assessment study, part of a Natural Resource Damage Assessment, that evaluated the prevalence of toxicopathic lesions in adult brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and yellowperch (Perca flavescens). In fall 2001, 29-51 fish of each species were collected in fall 2001 from highly contaminated areas below the plants (Thompson Island Pool (TIP) and Stillwater Dam Pool (STW)), an upriver reference area (Feeder Dam Pool (FDP)), and a reference lake, Oneida Lake (ODA). The focus was on histopathologic lesions and observations associated with contaminant exposure: liver-neoplasms, foci of cellular alteration, bile duct hyperplasia; testes-ovotestis (testicular oocytes), germ cell degeneration, altered developmental stage; ovaries-atresia and altered developmental stage. Lesions associated with PCB exposure were defined as those with significantly greater prevalence and/or severity in TIP and STW compared with ODA and FDP. For brown bullhead and smallmouth bass, no lesions or changes in gonadal development met those criteria. In yellow perch, ovarian atresia was the only lesion associated with PCB exposure. Prevalence was 53% in FDP, 75% in ODA, and 100% in both STW and TIP; severity increased from mostly minimal to mild-moderate. Because of the high prevalence of atresia in reference collections, it is likely that factors other than PCBs are also involved. As part of a post-dredging monitoring plan, we recommend assessing gonad structure and function in yellow perch collected at the time of spawning in locations with a range of PCB contamination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pinkney, Alfred E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, 177 Admiral Cochrane Dr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Myers, Mark S.] Myers Ecotoxicol Serv LLC, 19604 12th Ave NW, Shoreline, WA 98177 USA. [Rutter, Michael A.] Rutter Stat Consulting, 2150 Cemetery Rd, North East, PA 16428 USA. RP Pinkney, AE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, 177 Admiral Cochrane Dr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM Fred_Pinkney@fws.gov FU Hudson River Natural Resource Trustees as part of the ongoing Hudson River Natural Resource Damage Assessment FX We appreciate the reviews and discussions with the Hudson River Natural Resource Trustees. Leslie Pitt (USFWS) produced the site map. This work was supported by the Hudson River Natural Resource Trustees as part of the ongoing Hudson River Natural Resource Damage Assessment. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 575 BP 1325 EP 1338 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.209 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF5MD UT WOS:000390373400132 PM 27751691 ER PT J AU Malanson, GP Zimmerman, DL Kinney, M Fagre, DB AF Malanson, George P. Zimmerman, Dale L. Kinney, Mitch Fagre, Daniel B. TI Relations of Alpine Plant Communities across Environmental Gradients: Multilevel versus Multiscale Analyses SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GEOGRAPHERS LA English DT Article DE biogeography; scale; species diversity; tundra; vegetation ID GLACIER NATIONAL-PARK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES-RICHNESS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; UNITED-STATES; TUNDRA; SCALE; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; GEOGRAPHY AB Alpine plant communities vary, and their environmental covariates could influence their response to climate change. A single multilevel model of how alpine plant community composition is determined by hierarchical relations is compared to a separate examination of those relations at different scales. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of species cover for plots in four regions across the Rocky Mountains created dependent variables. Climate variables are derived for the four regions from interpolated data. Plot environmental variables are measured directly and the presence of thirty-seven site characteristics is recorded and used to create additional independent variables. Multilevel and best subsets regressions are used to determine the strength of the hypothesized relations. The ordinations indicate structure in the assembly of plant communities. The multilevel analyses, although revealing significant relations, provide little explanation; of the site variables, those related to site microclimate are most important. In multiscale analyses (whole and separate regions), different variables are better explanations within the different regions. This result indicates weak environmental niche control of community composition. The weak relations of the structure in the patterns of species association to the environment indicates that either alpine vegetation represents a case of the neutral theory of biogeography being a valid explanation or that it represents disequilibrium conditions. The implications of neutral theory and disequilibrium explanations are similar: Response to climate change will be difficult to quantify above equilibrium background turnover. C1 [Malanson, George P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geog & Sustainabil Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Zimmerman, Dale L.; Kinney, Mitch] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Fagre, Daniel B.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Malanson, GP (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Geog & Sustainabil Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM George-malanson@uiowa.edu; dale-zimmerman@uiowa.edu; kinne174@umn.edu; dan_fagre@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation [1121305] FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation award 1121305. This material is based on work while George P. Malanson served at the National Science Foundation. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the U.S. Geological Survey; any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2469-4452 EI 2469-4460 J9 ANN AM ASSOC GEOGR JI Ann. Am. Assoc. Geogr. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 107 IS 1 BP 41 EP 53 PG 13 WC Geography SC Geography GA ED2TU UT WOS:000388703000007 ER PT J AU Wilson, WD Hutchinson, JT Ostrand, KG AF Wilson, Wade D. Hutchinson, Jeffrey T. Ostrand, Kenneth G. TI Genetic diversity assessment of in situ and ex situ Texas wild rice (Zizania texana) populations, an endangered plant SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Genetics; Endangered species; Refugia; San Marcos River; Texas wild rice ID BOTANICAL GARDEN; CONSERVATION; SOFTWARE; IMPLEMENTATION; COLLECTIONS; MANAGEMENT; RESOURCES; DISTANCES; GENOTYPE; SIZE AB Texas wild rice (Zizania texana) is an endangered, aquatic perennial plant endemic to the upper section of the San Marcos River, Texas. Ex situ populations of Z. texana are maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the event of a catastrophe event. We analyzed the genetics of in situ and ex situ populations of Z. texana to address the following questions: (1) are in situ populations adequately represented in ex situ population? (2) Is there genetic diversity among the current in situ population? (3) Has the current in situ genetic diversity increased or decreased from historical estimates in 2007. Results indicated that the overall ex situ populations were lower in genetic (allelic) diversity compared to the in situ population, with some in situ populations not present in the refugia. Overall, heterozygosity was moderate and ranged from H-o = 0.530 to H-o =0.635 in the wild and H-o = 0.549 to H-o =0.727 in the ex situ population. Inbreeding coefficients (Els) were near zero or negative indicating that inbreeding is not common within the current populations (in situ and ex situ) suggesting that some populations have an excess of heterozygotes (negative F-IS). Analysis of current in situ population structure indicated there are three unique genetic clusters in the San Marcos River. Comparison of the in situ population with historical analysis indicates the genetic diversity of the wild population is dynamic both temporally and spatially. The results indicate that Z. texana exhibits a plastic reproductive system utilizing both asexual (vegetative) and sexual (flowering and seed production) reproduction. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wilson, Wade D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Southwestern Native Aquat Resources & Recovery Ct, POB 219, Dexter, NM 88230 USA. [Hutchinson, Jeffrey T.; Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, 500 East McCarty Lane, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Wilson, WD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Southwestern Native Aquat Resources & Recovery Ct, POB 219, Dexter, NM 88230 USA. EM Wade_Wilson@fws.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX We thank Christopher Richards of the United States Department of Agriculture for providing us with data from the 2007 study. Doug Phillips, Daniel Huston, and Shannon Devine assisted with the collection of Texas wild rice samples from the San Marcos River. Meredith Bartron, Robert Doyle, Jackie Poole, and Christian Smith all provided helpful comments on earlier drafts. The conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 136 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2015.12.005 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED9FB UT WOS:000389174500023 ER PT J AU Le Pichon, C Tales, E Belliard, J Torgersen, CE AF Le Pichon, Celine Tales, Evelyne Belliard, Jerome Torgersen, Christian E. TI Spatially intensive sampling by electrofishing for assessing longitudinal discontinuities in fish distribution in a headwater stream SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stream fish; Obstacles; Riverscape; Spatial discontinuity; Geostatistics ID BULLHEAD COTTUS-GOBIO; TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; SINGLE-PASS; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; WAVELET ANALYSIS; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; ABUNDANCE; RIVERS; WATER AB Spatially intensive sampling by electrofishing is proposed as a method for quantifying spatial variation in fish assemblages at multiple scales along extensive stream sections in headwater catchments. We used this method to sample fish species at 10-m(2) points spaced every 20 m throughout 5 km of a headwater stream in France. The spatially intensive sampling design provided information at a spatial resolution and extent that enabled exploration of spatial heterogeneity in fish assemblage structure and aquatic habitat at multiple scales with empirical variograms and wavelet analysis. These analyses were effective for detecting scales of periodicity, trends, and discontinuities in the distribution of species in relation to tributary junctions and obstacles to fish movement. This approach to sampling riverine fishes may be useful in fisheries research and management for evaluating stream fish responses to natural and altered habitats and for identifying sites for potential restoration. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Le Pichon, Celine; Tales, Evelyne; Belliard, Jerome] Irstea, UR HBAN, 1 Rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes,CS10030, F-92761 Antony, France. [Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Le Pichon, C (reprint author), Irstea, UR HBAN, 1 Rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes,CS10030, F-92761 Antony, France. EM celine.lepichon@irstea.fr OI Le Pichon, Celine/0000-0001-8055-7164 FU CNRS scientific program "Piren-Seine" FX We are grateful to Guillaume Gorges, Amandine Zahm, Daniel Mira and Guilherm Jan for their invaluable assistance in carrying out field work. Jeff Falke provided constructive comments that improved the presentation and clarity of the manuscript. This work was supported by the CNRS scientific program "Piren-Seine". Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 185 BP 90 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.09.026 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA ED3XA UT WOS:000388780600012 ER PT J AU Sethi, SA Gerken, J Ashline, J AF Sethi, Suresh Andrew Gerken, Jonathon Ashline, Joshua TI Accurate aging of juvenile salmonids using fork lengths SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aging; Juvenile fish; Length frequency; Mixture models; Pacific salmon ID TUNA THUNNUS-MACCOYII; FREQUENCY DATA; AGE VALIDATION; COHO SALMON; GROWTH; SIZE; STEELHEAD; DENSITY; HABITAT; STREAMS AB Juvenile salmon life history strategies, survival, and habitat interactions may vary by age cohort. However, aging individual juvenile fish using scale reading is time consuming and can be error prone. Fork length data are routinely measured while sampling juvenile salmonids. We explore the performance of aging juvenile fish based solely on fork length data, using finite Gaussian mixture models to describe multimodal size distributions and estimate optimal age-discriminating length thresholds. Fork length-based ages are compared against a validation set of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorynchus kisutch, aged by scales. Results for juvenile coho salmon indicate greater than 95% accuracy can be achieved by aging fish using length thresholds estimated from mixture models. Highest accuracy is achieved when aged fish are compared to length thresholds generated from samples from the same drainage, time of year, and habitat type (lentic versus lotic), although relatively high aging accuracy can still be achieved when thresholds are extrapolated to fish from populations in different years or drainages. Fork length-based aging thresholds are applicable for taxa for which multiple age cohorts coexist sympatrically. Where applicable, the method of aging individual fish is relatively quick to implement and can avoid ager interpretation bias common in scale-based aging. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sethi, Suresh Andrew] Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gerken, Jonathon; Ashline, Joshua] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, 4700 BLM Rd, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA. RP Sethi, SA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM suresh.sethi@cornell.edu FU Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank two anonymous reviwers, A.E. Punt, and other journal editorial staff for comments that improved this article. Funding for this project was provided by the Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank the private landowners throughout the Big Lake watershed and the Alaska Department of fish and game for providing access for study sampling. Numerous U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service field technicians are thanked for their sampling efforts. The findings and conclusions in this article are those,of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 185 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.09.012 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA ED3XA UT WOS:000388780600019 ER PT J AU Muhs, DR Lancaster, N Skipp, GL AF Muhs, Daniel R. Lancaster, Nicholas Skipp, Gary L. TI A complex origin for the Kelso Dunes, Mojave National Preserve, California, USA: A case study using a simple geochemical method with global applications SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Kelso Dunes; Mojave Desert; Mineralogy; Geochemistry; Provenance ID NAMIB SAND SEA; TRANSPORT PATHWAYS; LINEAR DUNES; DESERT; SEDIMENT; ISRAEL; RIVER; NILE; AGE; PLEISTOCENE AB The Kelso Dune field in southern California is intriguing because although it is of limited areal extent (similar to 100 km(2)), it has a wide variety of dune forms and contains many active dunes (similar to 40 km(2)), which is unusual in the Mojave Desert. Studies over the past eight decades have concluded that the dunes are derived primarily from a single source, Mojave River alluvium, under a dominant, westerly-to-northwesterly wind regime. The majority of these studies did not, however, present data to support the Mojave River as the only source. We conducted mineralogical and geochemical studies of most of the 14 geomorphically defined dune groups of the Kelso Dune field as well as potential sand sources, alluvial sediments from the surrounding mountain ranges. Results indicate that sands in the nine western dune groups have K/Rb and K/Ba (primarily from K-feldspar) compositions that are indistinguishable from Mojave River alluvium (westerly/northwesterly winds) and Budweiser Wash alluvium (southwesterly winds), permitting an interpretation of two sources. In contrast, sands from the five eastern dune groups have K/Rb and K/Ba values that indicate significant inputs from alluvial fan deposits of the Providence Mountains. This requires either rare winds from the east or southeast or, more likely, aeolian reworldng of distal Providence Mountain fan sediments by winds from the west, at agate greater than input from the Mojave River or other western sources. The results indicate that even a small dune field can have a complex origin, either from seasonally varying winds or complex alluvial-fan-dune interaction. Application of K/Rb and K/Ba in K feldspar as a provenance indicator could be used in many of the world's ergs or sand seas, where dune origins are still not well understood or are controversial. Four examples are given from Africa and the Middle East where such an approach could yield useful new information about dune sand provenance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Muhs, Daniel R.; Skipp, Gary L.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 980,Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Lancaster, Nicholas] Desert Res Inst, Div Earth & Ecosyst Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Muhs, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 980,Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. EM dmuhs@usgs.gov FU Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; National Park Service FX This study was supported by the Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Although field sampling of the dunes predated establishment of Mojave National Preserve, we wish to acknowledge the interest and support of National Park Service personnel in the progress of this study. Debra Hughson of Mojave National Preserve provided encouragement and valuable feedback on our results. George Kennedy and Jossh Beann assisted with field work and Brian Marshall, Shannon Mahan, and DeAnna Laurel assisted in the laboratory. Tracy Rowland kindly provided the oblique aerial photograph shown in Fig. 7. Dr. Nabil Gasmi (Departement de Geographie, Faculte des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Sousse, Tunisia) took Muhs to dune sample sites in the Grand Erg Oriental (merci beaucoup, Nabil). We appreciate helpful discussions with Mark Sweeney (University of South Dakota) and Eric McDonald (Desert Research Institute). Finally, we thank Jeff Pigati and Elly Brouwers (both USGS), Mark Sweeney, and editor Andy Plater (University of Liverpool) for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 276 BP 222 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.10.002 PG 22 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA ED3VY UT WOS:000388777800017 ER PT J AU Kundzewicz, ZW Krysanova, V Dankers, R Hirabayashi, Y Kanae, S Hattermann, FF Huang, S Milly, PCD Stoffel, M Driessen, PPJ Matczak, P Quevauviller, P Schellnhuber, HJ AF Kundzewicz, Z. W. Krysanova, V. Dankers, R. Hirabayashi, Y. Kanae, S. Hattermann, F. F. Huang, S. Milly, P. C. D. Stoffel, M. Driessen, P. P. J. Matczak, P. Quevauviller, P. Schellnhuber, H. -J. TI Differences in flood hazard projections in Europe - their causes and consequences for decision making SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article DE flood hazard; climate change; projections; science-policy interactions; decision making; Europe ID CLIMATE-CHANGE PROJECTIONS; MULTIPLE GLOBAL CLIMATE; WATER-RESOURCES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EXTREME EVENTS; MANAGEMENT; MODELS; IMPACT; FUTURE; ADAPTATION AB This paper interprets differences in flood hazard projections over Europe and identifies likely sources of discrepancy. Further, it discusses potential implications of these differences for flood risk reduction and adaptation to climate change. The discrepancy in flood hazard projections raises caution, especially among decision makers in charge of water resources management, flood risk reduction, and climate change adaptation at regional to local scales. Because it is naive to expect availability of trustworthy quantitative projections of future flood hazard, in order to reduce flood risk one should focus attention on mapping of current and future risks and vulnerability hotspots and improve the situation there. Although an intercomparison of flood hazard projections is done in this paper and differences are identified and interpreted, it does not seems possible to recommend which large-scale studies may be considered most credible in particular areas of Europe. C1 [Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Matczak, P.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Agr & Forest Environm, Poznan, Poland. [Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Krysanova, V.; Hattermann, F. F.; Schellnhuber, H. -J.] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany. [Dankers, R.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Hirabayashi, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Engn Innovat, Tokyo, Japan. [Kanae, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Mech & Environm Informat, Tokyo, Japan. [Huang, S.] Norwegian Water Resources & Energy Directorate, Oslo, Norway. [Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ USA. [Stoffel, M.] Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Climat Change & Climate Impacts, Geneva, Switzerland. [Stoffel, M.] Univ Geneva, Dept Earth Sci, Geneva, Switzerland. [Stoffel, M.] Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Dendrolab Ch, Bern, Switzerland. [Driessen, P. P. J.] Univ Utrecht, Copernicus Inst Sustainable Dev, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Matczak, P.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Sociol, Poznan, Poland. [Quevauviller, P.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Hydrol & Hydraul Engn, Brussels, Belgium. RP Kundzewicz, ZW (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Agr & Forest Environm, Poznan, Poland.; Kundzewicz, ZW (reprint author), Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany. EM kundzewicz@yahoo.com RI Kanae, Shinjiro/E-5606-2010; Stoffel, Markus/A-1793-2017; Driessen, Peter/M-6751-2013 OI Kanae, Shinjiro/0000-0002-3176-4957; Stoffel, Markus/0000-0003-0816-1303; Driessen, Peter/0000-0002-0724-6666 FU EU FP7 STAR-FLOOD (STrengthening And Redesigning European FLOOD risk practices: Towards appropriate and resilient flood risk governance arrangements) Project; European Commission [308364]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland [2749/7.PR/2013/2]; FLORIST (FLOod RISk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains) Project; Switzerland through the Swiss Contribution to the enlarged European Union [153/2010]; Environment Research & Technology Development Fund by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan [S-10, S-14] FX The authors wish to acknowledge support of: the EU FP7 STAR-FLOOD (STrengthening And Redesigning European FLOOD risk practices: Towards appropriate and resilient flood risk governance arrangements) Project, which received funding from the European Commission under grant agreement no. 308364 (PPJD, ZWK, PM) and was co-financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland within grant agreement no. 2749/7.PR/2013/2 for international projects in the period 2013-2016 (ZWK, MS); and the FLORIST (FLOod RISk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains) Project, which received funding (PSPB No. 153/2010) from Switzerland through the Swiss Contribution to the enlarged European Union. This study also received funding as grants S-10 and S-14 from the Environment Research & Technology Development Fund by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan (YH, SK). NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 21 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0262-6667 EI 2150-3435 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1080/02626667.2016.1241398 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA ED1PG UT WOS:000388616800001 ER PT J AU Chun, CL Peller, JR Shively, D Byappanahalli, MN Whitman, RL Staley, C Zhang, Q Ishii, S Sadowsky, MJ AF Chun, Chan Lan Peller, Julie R. Shively, Dawn Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N. Whitman, Richard L. Staley, Christopher Zhang, Qian Ishii, Satoshi Sadowsky, Michael J. TI Virulence and biodegradation potential of dynamic microbial communities associated with decaying Cladophora in Great Lakes SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cladophora; Great Lake; Microbiota; Dynamics; Decomposition; Pathogens; 16S rRNA ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; BOTULINUM TYPE-E; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; MACROALGA CLADOPHORA; GLOMERATA CHLOROPHYTA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICHIGAN; POPULATIONS; REDUCTION AB Cladophora mats that accumulate and decompose along shorelines of the Great Lakes create potential threats to the health of humans and wildlife. The decaying algae create a low oxygen and redox potential environment favoring growth and persistence of anaerobic microbial populations, including Clostridium botulinum, the causal agent of botulism in humans, birds, and other wildlife. In addition to the diverse population of microbes, a dynamic chemical environment is generated, which involves production of numerous organic and inorganic substances, many of which are believed to be toxic to the sand and aquatic biotic communities. In this study, we used 16S-rDNA-based-amplicon sequencing and microfluidic-based quantitative PCR approaches to characterize the bacterial community structure and the abundances of human pathogens associated with Cladophora at different stages (up to 90 days) of algal decay in laboratory microcosms. Oxygen levels were largely depleted after a few hours of incubation. As Cladophora decayed, the algal microbial biodiversity decreased within 24 h, and the mat transitioned from an aerobic to anaerobic environment. There were increasing abundances of enteric and pathogenic bacteria during decomposition of Cladophora, including Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Kluyvera,Cedecea, and others. In contrast, there were no or very few sequences (< 0.07%) assigned to such groups in fresh Cladophora samples. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that the bacterial community structure was dynamic and changed significantly with decay time. Knowledge of microbial communities and chemical composition of decaying algal mats is critical to our further understanding of the role that Cladophora plays in a beach ecosystem's structure and function, including the algal role in trophic interactions. Based on these findings, public and environmental health concerns should be considered when decaying Cladophora mats accumulate Great Lakes shorelines. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved. C1 [Chun, Chan Lan] Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Chun, Chan Lan] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Peller, Julie R.] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Chem, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Shively, Dawn; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. [Staley, Christopher; Zhang, Qian; Ishii, Satoshi; Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Sadowsky, MJ (reprint author), Inst Biotechnol, 1479 Gartner Ave,140 Gartner Labs, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sadowsky@umn.edu RI Ishii, Satoshi/C-7000-2012; OI Ishii, Satoshi/0000-0003-3600-9165; Shively, Dawn/0000-0002-6119-924X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPAR5-GL2010-1] FX This work was supported, in part, by a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPAR5-GL2010-1) to MJS and CLC. Next generation sequence data was processed and analyzed using the resources of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 574 BP 872 EP 880 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.107 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED7ZA UT WOS:000389090100083 PM 27665447 ER PT J AU White, SJO Hussain, FA Hemond, HF Sacco, SA Shine, JP Runkel, RL Walton-Day, K Kimball, BA AF White, Sarah Jane O. Hussain, Fatima A. Hemond, Harold F. Sacco, Sarah A. Shine, James P. Runkel, Robert L. Walton-Day, Katherine Kimball, Briant A. TI The precipitation of indium at elevated pH in a stream influenced by acid mine drainage SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Emerging metal contaminant; Aqueous behavior; River; Sorption; Freshwater; Environmental cycling ID EVALUATING REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; NORTH QUEENSLAND; TIN OXIDE; FRACTIONATION; GALLIUM; MODEL; JAPAN; WATER AB Indium is an increasingly important metal in semiconductors and electronics and has uses in important energy technologies such as photovoltaic cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). One significant flux of indium to the environment is from lead, zinc, copper, and tin mining and smelting, but little is known about its aqueous behavior after it is mobilized. In this study, we use Mineral Creek, a headwater stream in southwestern Colorado severely affected by heavy metal contamination as a result of add mine drainage, as a natural laboratory to study the aqueous behavior of indium. At the existing pH of similar to 3, indium concentrations are 6-29 mu g/L (10,000x those found in natural rivers), and are completely filterable through a 0.45 pm filter. During a pH modification experiment, the pH of the system was raised to >8, and >99% of the indium became associated with the suspended solid phase (i.e. does not pass through a 0.45 pm filter). To determine the mechanism of removal of indium from the filterable and likely primarily dissolved phase, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine an upper bound for a sorption constant to iron oxides, and used this, along with other published thermodynamic constants, to model the partitioning of indium in Mineral Creek. Modeling results suggest that the removal of indium from the filterable phase is consistent with precipitation of indium hydroxide from a dissolved phase. This work demonstrates that nonferrous mining processes can be a significant source of indium to the environment, and provides critical information about the aqueous behavior of indium. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [White, Sarah Jane O.; Hussain, Fatima A.; Hemond, Harold F.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [White, Sarah Jane O.; Shine, James P.] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [White, Sarah Jane O.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sacco, Sarah A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Runkel, Robert L.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA. [Walton-Day, Katherine] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Kimball, Briant A.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP White, SJO (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM sjowhite@princeton.edu OI White, Sarah Jane/0000-0002-4055-8207 FU NSF [CBET-0853866]; NSF SEES Fellowship [GEO-1215894]; MIT Earth Systems Initiative Ignition Grant; MIT Earth Systems Initiative Linden Graduate Fellowship; MIT Energy Initiative Martin Family Graduate Fellowship for Sustainability; MIT Undergraduate Research Opportunities; Princeton Environmental Institute; William E. Leonhard Professorship; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program FX We gratefully acknowledge Alan Shiller for alerting us to these interesting samples. Dan Giammar assisted with sorption constant modeling, Kristen Baroudi performed powder X-Ray Diffraction measurements, Matt Frith provided X-Ray Diffraction consultation, and William Fox provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by NSF Grant CBET-0853866, NSF SEES Fellowship GEO-1215894, and an MIT Earth Systems Initiative Ignition Grant. Additional support was provided by an MIT Earth Systems Initiative Linden Graduate Fellowship and an MIT Energy Initiative Martin Family Graduate Fellowship for Sustainability to S.J.W., MIT Undergraduate Research Opportunities funding to FAH., Princeton Environmental Institute internship funding to S.A.S., and by the William E. Leonhard Professorship to H.F.H. This project was additionally supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Robert Runkel, Katherine Walton-Day, and Briant Kimball did not materially contribute to the model application described in this publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 574 BP 1484 EP 1491 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.136 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED7ZA UT WOS:000389090100139 PM 27650647 ER PT J AU Pradhananga, AK Davenport, MA Fulton, DC Maruyama, GM Current, D AF Pradhananga, Amit K. Davenport, Mae A. Fulton, David C. Maruyama, Geoffrey M. Current, Dean TI An Integrated Moral Obligation Model for Landowner Conservation Norms SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Human dimensions; pro-environmental behavior; social dilemma; watershed management ID PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; INDIVIDUALISM-COLLECTIVISM; PROENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR; MANAGEMENT PRACTICE; PERSONAL NORM; DETERMINANTS; AWARENESS; ADOPTION; PARTICIPATION AB This study applies an integrated moral obligation model to examine the role of environmental and cultural values, and beliefs in the activation of landowner conservation norms. Data for this study were collected through a self-administered survey of riparian landowners in two Minnesota watersheds: Sand Creek and Vermillion River watersheds. Study findings suggest that collectivistic and biospheric-altruistic values form the bases for the activation of personal norms. Further, beliefs about local responsibility and ability to act influence personal norms to protect water resources. Findings suggest that landowners' personal norms of water conservation are more likely to be activated by conservation strategies that appeal to biospheric-altruistic and collectivistic values, emphasize adverse consequences of water pollution, highlight water resource protection as a local responsibility, and provide the resources needed to protect water resources. C1 [Pradhananga, Amit K.; Davenport, Mae A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fulton, David C.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fulton, David C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Maruyama, Geoffrey M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Educ Psychol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Current, Dean] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Integrated Nat Resource & Agr Management, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Pradhananga, AK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM prad0047@umn.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [06HQGR0093]; Office of the Vice President of Research, University of Minnesota FX The project was supported by funding from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) under Grant/Cooperative Agreement number 06HQGR0093. Additional funding was provided by the Office of the Vice President of Research, University of Minnesota. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funders. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2017 VL 30 IS 2 BP 212 EP 227 DI 10.1080/08941920.2016.1239289 PG 16 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA ED1JC UT WOS:000388600500006 ER PT J AU Gottscho, AD Wood, DA Vandergast, AG Lemos-Espinal, J Gatesy, J Reeder, TW AF Gottscho, Andrew D. Wood, Dustin A. Vandergast, Amy G. Lemos-Espinal, Julio Gatesy, John Reeder, Tod W. TI Lineage diversification of fringe-toed lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex) in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting species in the presence of gene flow SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Coalescent; Conservation; Gene flow; RADseq; Species trees; Species delimitation ID HETEROGENEOUS EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES; CORRELATED ALLELE FREQUENCIES; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SAND LIZARDS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY; PLEISTOCENE DESERT AB Multi-locus nuclear DNA data were used to delimit species of fringe-toed lizards of the Uma notata complex, which are specialized for living in wind-blown sand habitats in the deserts of southwestern North America, and to infer whether Quaternary glacial cycles or Tertiary geological events were important in shaping the historical biogeography of this group. We analyzed ten nuclear loci collected using Sanger sequencing and genome-wide sequence/single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data collected using restriction-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing. A combination of species discovery methods (concatenated phylogenies, parametric and non-parametric clustering algorithms) and species validation approaches (coalescent-based species tree/isolation-with-migration models) were used to delimit species, infer phylogenetic relationships, and to estimate effective population sizes, migration rates, and speciation times. Uma notata, U. inornata, U. cowlesi, and an undescribed species from Mohawk Dunes, Arizona (U. sp.) were supported as distinct in the concatenated analyses and by clustering algorithms, and all operational taxonomic units were decisively supported as distinct species by ranking hierarchical nested speciation models with Bayes factors based on coalescent-based species tree methods. However, significant unidirectional gene flow (2NM > 1) from U. cowlesi and U. notata into U. rufopunctata was detected under the isolation-with-migration model. Therefore, we conservatively delimit four species-level lineages within this complex (U. inornata, U. notata, U. cowlesi, and U. sp.), treating U. rufopunctata as a hybrid population (U. notata x cowlesi). Both concatenated and coalescent-based estimates of speciation times support the hypotheses that speciation within the complex occurred during the late Pleistocene, and that the geological evolution of the Colorado River delta during this period was an important process shaping the observed phylogeographic patterns. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gottscho, Andrew D.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gottscho, Andrew D.; Reeder, Tod W.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Gottscho, Andrew D.; Gatesy, John] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wood, Dustin A.; Vandergast, Amy G.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, 4165 Spruance Rd Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. [Lemos-Espinal, Julio] Iztacala UNAM, Ecol Lab, UBIPRO, Fac Estudios Super, Av Barrios 1, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. RP Gottscho, AD (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM GottschoA@si.edu OI Vandergast, Amy/0000-0002-7835-6571; Wood, Dustin/0000-0002-7668-9911 FU University of California Institute for Mexico; United States; Anza-Borrego Foundation; Community Foundation (California Desert Legacy Grant); National Science Foundation [DEB 1406589] FX We thank Kevin de Queiroz, Jon Richmond, Kevin Burns, Cheryl Hayashi, Exequiel Ezcurra, Sean Harrington, John Andermann, Dean Leavitt, and two anonymous reviewers for critically reviewing this manuscript, Jimmy Rabbers for help collecting specimens, and Adam D. Leache Jared Grummer, Paul Maier, Mark Phuong, Evan McCartney-Melstad, Forest Rohwer, Steven Quistad, Liz Dins dale, and Megan Morris for assistance with laboratory work and/or data analyses. Robert Murphy (Royal Ontario Museum) loaned a sample of U. inornata (field number HSU150; voucher 1743CAP). We are grateful to the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (Dissertation Research Grant), the Anza-Borrego Foundation (Howie Wier Memorial Conservation Grant), the Community Foundation (California Desert Legacy Grant), and the National Science Foundation (Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant; DEB 1406589) for funding this research. Data analyses were performed in part on the UCR Biocluster (University of California, Riverside, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology). All work with live animals was approved under Animal Protocol Form (APF) 12-04-01OR at San Diego State University. NR 113 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 47 U2 47 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 106 BP 103 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.008 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EC3XD UT WOS:000388059500010 PM 27640953 ER PT J AU Hou, BH Keeling, J Van Gosen, BS AF Hou, Baohong Keeling, John Van Gosen, Bradley S. TI Geological and Exploration Models of Beach Placer Deposits, Integrated from Case-Studies of Southern Australia SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE heavy mineral sands; beach placers; geology; exploration; sedimentary models; exploration methods; Australia ID EASTERN EUCLA BASIN; SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA; MURRAY BASIN; COASTAL-PLAIN; SEA-LEVEL; STRATIGRAPHIC SUCCESSION; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; MINERAL SANDS; EVOLUTION; PALAEOVALLEYS AB The processes leading to the formation of beach placer deposits generally begin inland and terminate at the coast, including source rocks being weathered, eroded and then transported by streams and rivers to the coast, where the sediments are deposited in a variety of coastal environments. The coastal sediments are reworked by the action of waves, tides, longshore currents and wind, which are effective processes for sorting the mineral grains based on differences in their size and density, resulting in laminated or lens-shaped packages of sediments up to tens of meters thick that are rich in heavy minerals. Detailed studies of sedimentary basins, as well as peripheral (paleo-)valleys that drained sediment source areas, are important tools in the exploration for heavy mineral resources. Knowledge of the ( paleo-)basin, associated valley architecture and the source of heavy minerals concentrated in the shorelines and valleys are useful guides to the potential for, and location of, economic deposits. Evidence from sedimentology can be combined with that from other geological and geophysical characteristics to arrive at a general reconstruction of basin and paleovalley architecture and depositional environments. Complex paleogeography of the shorelines can influence or determine the sites of heavy mineral concentration. Heavy mineral sands tend to concentrate in certain shoreline settings during storm activity. Repeated storm erosion and reworking over centuries (e.g., the southeastern coast of Australia) or millennia (e.g., the Eucla and Murray Basins of Australia) can progressively enrich heavy mineral sand deposits. Preservation of these deposits over a geological timeframe of millions of years can ensue through subsidence of coastal sediments, and during sea level change that results in either shorelines migrating inland (marine transgression) or seaward (marine regression), potentially burying or stranding earlier deposits or reworking them to form younger deposits. Refinements in remote sensing and geophysical techniques, data processing, sedimentology and computer-aided interpretations provide effective, economic and efficient methods for modeling coastal reconstructions and for exploring provinces and terrains prospective for heavy mineral sand deposits. Landscape topography analysis, combined with geophysical methods that can resolve physical property contrasts between the shoreline sediments and underlying sequences, are increasingly used in mineral exploration to locate and to reconstruct paleoshorelines and paleovalleys. Australia has modern and ancient beach-placer deposits, both of which show many similar geologic features. The formation of these heavy mineral deposits provides one of the best examples of applying knowledge of modern systems (e.g., the west and east coasts of Australia) as an analogue to interpret and understand the geology and form of ancient deposits (e.g., the Eucla and Murray Basins of southern Australia). This study provides descriptive and exploration models of Australia's heavy mineral sand deposits formed in coastal environments, which can be applied to similar settings worldwide. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hou, Baohong; Keeling, John] Geol Survey South Australia, Dept State Dev SA, GPO Box 1671, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Van Gosen, Bradley S.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. RP Hou, BH (reprint author), Geol Survey South Australia, Dept State Dev SA, GPO Box 1671, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. EM baohong.hou@sa.gov.au OI Van Gosen, Bradley/0000-0003-4214-3811 FU GSSA; Adelaide University; Geoscience Australia; CSIRO; Murray Zircon Pty Ltd.; Iluka Resources Limited; Diatreme Resources Limited; Adelaide Resources; Dominion Exploration Limited, through CRC LEME FX This work has benefited from a number of our previous projects and collaborations, such as CRC LEME of Australia, GSSA, USGS and IGCP Project 514 projects, particularly supported by GSSA, Adelaide University, Geoscience Australia, CSIRO, Murray Zircon Pty Ltd., Iluka Resources Limited, Diatreme Resources Limited, Adelaide Resources, and Dominion Exploration Limited, through CRC LEME, and the help and guidance of numerous people within these organizations. The authors express their appreciation to all those who contributed to this study in one way or another. The assistance of various specialists from the organizations mentioned above in providing support with projects and for advice on data availability and material processes is gratefully acknowledged. NR 126 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 EI 1872-7360 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 80 BP 437 EP 459 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.07.016 PG 23 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EB8FB UT WOS:000387625800025 ER PT J AU Hall, SM Mihalasky, MJ Tureck, KR Hammarstrom, JM Hannon, MT AF Hall, Susan M. Mihalasky, Mark J. Tureck, Kathleen R. Hammarstrom, Jane M. Hannon, Mark T. TI Genetic and grade and tonnage models for sandstone-hosted roll-type uranium deposits, Texas Coastal Plain, USA SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Uranium; Texas; Resources; Deposits; Genetic; Model ID OF-MEXICO BASIN; SOUTH TEXAS; SULFUR ISOTOPE; ORIGIN; ORE; MINERALIZATION; ACCUMULATION; EVOLUTION; MINERALS; DISTRICT AB The coincidence of a number of geologic and climatic factors combined to create conditions favorable for the development of mineable concentrations of uranium hosted by Eocene through Pliocene sandstones in the Texas Coastal Plain. Here 254 uranium occurrences, including 169 deposits, 73 prospects, 6 showings and 4 anomalies, have been identified. About 80 million pounds of U3O8 have been produced and about 60 million pounds of identified producible U3O8 remain in place. The development of economic roll-type uranium deposits requires a source, large-scale transport of uranium in groundwater, and deposition in reducing zones within a sedimentary sequence. The weight of the evidence supports a source from thick sequences of volcanic ash and volcaniclastic sediment derived mostly from the Trans-Pecos volcanic field and Sierra Madre Occidental that lie west of the region. The thickest accumulations of source material were deposited and preserved south and west of the San Marcos arch in the Catahoula Formation. By the early Oligocene, a formerly uniformly subtropical climate along the Gulf Coast transitioned to a zoned climate in which the southwestern portion of Texas Coastal Plain was dry, and the eastern portion humid. The more arid climate in the southwestern area supported weathering of volcanic ash source rocks during pedogenesis and early diagenesis, concentration of uranium in groundwater and movement through host sediments. During the middle Tertiary Era, abundant clastic sediments were deposited in thick sequences by bed-load dominated fluvial systems in long-lived channel complexes that provided transmissive conduits favoring transport of uranium-rich groundwater. Groundwater transported uranium through permeable sandstones that were hydrologically connected with source rocks, commonly across formation boundaries driven by isostatic loading and eustatic sea level changes. Uranium roll fronts formed as a result of the interaction of uranium-rich groundwater with either (1) organic-rich debris adjacent to large long-lived fluvial channels and barrier-bar sequences or (2) extrinsic reductants entrained in formation water or discrete gas that migrated into host units via faults and along the flanks of salt domes and shale diapirs. The southwestern portion of the region, the Rio Grande embayment, contains all the necessary factors required for roll-type uranium deposits. However, the eastern portion of the region, the Houston embayment, is challenged by a humid environment and a lack of source rock and transmissive units, which may combine to preclude the deposition of economic deposits. A grade and tonnage model for the Texas Coastal Plain shows that the Texas deposits represent a lower tonnage subset of roll-type deposits that occur around the world, and required aggregation of production centers into deposits based on geologic interpretation for the purpose of conducting a quantitative mineral resource assessment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hall, Susan M.; Hannon, Mark T.] US Geol Survey, Energy Resources Program, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Mihalasky, Mark J.] US Geol Survey, Mineral Resources Program, W 904 Riverside, Spokane, WA 99201 USA. [Hammarstrom, Jane M.] US Geol Survey, Mineral Resources Program, 954 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Tureck, Kathleen R.] US Geol Survey, Mineral Resources Program, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Hall, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Energy Resources Program, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM susanhall@usgs.gov; mjm@usgs.gov; ktureck@usgs.gov; jhammars@usgs.gov; mhannon@usgs.gov OI Hall, Susan M./0000-0002-0931-8694 FU U.S. Geological Survey FX This work was supported through U.S. Geological Survey programmatic funding. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. NR 123 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 EI 1872-7360 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 80 BP 716 EP 753 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.06.013 PG 38 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EB8FB UT WOS:000387625800040 ER PT J AU du Bray, EA AF du Bray, Edward A. TI Geochemical characteristics of igneous rocks associated with epithermal mineral deposits-A review SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Epithermal deposits; Igneous rocks; Geochemistry; Volcanology; Exploration ID ANCESTRAL-CASCADES ARC; HILLS VOLCANIC FIELD; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; GRANITIC-ROCKS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; WATER-CONTENT; CALIFORNIA; MAGMAS; MANTLE AB Newly synthesized data indicate that the geochemistry of igneous rocks associated with epithermal mineral deposits varies extensively and continuously from subalkaline basaltic to rhyolitic compositions. Trace element and isotopic data for these rocks are consistent with subduction-related magmatism and suggest that the primary source magmas were generated by partial melting of the mantle-wedge above subducting oceanic slabs. Broad geochemical and petrographic diversity of individual igneous rock units associated with epithermal deposits indicate that the associated magmas evolved by open-system processes. Following migration to shallow crustal reservoirs, these magmas evolved by assimilation, recharge, and partial homogenization; these processes contribute to arc magmatism worldwide. Although epithermal deposits with the largest Au and Ag production are associated with felsic to intermediate composition igneous rocks, demonstrable relationships between magmas having any particular composition and epithermal deposit genesis are completely absent because the composition of igneous rock units associated with epithermal deposits ranges from basalt to rhyolite. Consequently, igneous rock compositions do not constitute effective exploration criteria with respect to identification of terranes prospective for epithermal deposit formation. However, the close spatial and temporal association of igneous rocks and epithermal deposits does suggest a mutual genetic relationship. Igneous systems likely contribute heat and some of the fluids and metals involved in epithermal deposit formation. Accordingly, deposit formation requires optimization of source metal contents, appropriate fluid compositions and characteristics, structural features conducive to hydrothermal fluid flow and confinement, and receptive host rocks, but not magmas with special compositional characteristics. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [du Bray, Edward A.] US Geol Survey, DFC, MS 973,Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP du Bray, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, DFC, MS 973,Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. EM edubray@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program FX The synthesis documented in this study was completed as part of the New Mineral Deposit Models for Gold, Phosphate Rare Earth Elements, and Placer Rare Earth Element-Titanium Resources Project funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program. Constructive reviews by J.L. Mauls and R.J. Goldfarb are much appreciated and helped clarify data interpretation. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 EI 1872-7360 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 80 BP 767 EP 783 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.08.023 PG 17 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EB8FB UT WOS:000387625800042 ER PT J AU Corral, I Cardellach, E Corbella, M Canals, A Griera, A Gomez-Gras, D Johnson, CA AF Corral, Isaac Cardellach, Esteve Corbella, Merce Canals, Angels Griera, Albert Gomez-Gras, David Johnson, Craig A. TI Origin and evolution of mineralizing fluids and exploration of the Cerro Quema Au-Cu deposit (Azuero Peninsula, Panama) from a fluid inclusion and stable isotope perspective SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Cerro Quema; fluid inclusions; stable isotopes; alunite-pyrite; exploration ID PORPHYRY COPPER MINERALIZATION; FREEZING-POINT DEPRESSION; HYDROTHERMAL ORE-DEPOSITS; ACID-SULFATE ALTERATION; HYDROGEN ISOTOPE; OXYGEN ISOTOPE; CLAY-MINERALS; NEW-ZEALAND; AG DEPOSIT; GEOCHEMISTRY AB Cerro Quema is a high sulfidation epithermal Au-Cu deposit with a measured, indicated and inferred resource of 35.98 Mt. @ 0.77 g/t Au containing 893,600 oz. Au (including 183,930 oz. Au equiv. of Cu ore). It is characterized by a large hydrothermal alteration zone which is interpreted to represent the lithocap of a porphyry system. The innermost zone of the lithocap is constituted by vuggy quartz with advanced argillic alteration locally developed on its margin, enclosed by a well-developed zone of argillic alteration, grading to an external halo of propylitic alteration. The mineralization occurs in the form of disseminations and microveinlets of pyrite, chalcopyrite, enargite, tennantite, and trace sphalerite, crosscut by quartz, barite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena veins. Microthermometric analyses of two phase (L + V) secondary fluid inclusions in igneous quartz phenocrysts in vuggy quartz and advanced argillically altered samples indicate low temperature (140-216 degrees C) and low salinity (0.5-4.8 wt% NaCl eq.) fluids, with hotter and more saline fluids identified in the east half of the deposit (Cerro Quema area). Stable isotope analyses (S, O, H) were performed on mineralization and alteration minerals, including pyrite, chalcopyrite, enargite, alunite, barite, kaolinite, dickite and vuggy quartz. The range of delta S-34 of sulfides is from -4.8 to -12.7 parts per thousand, whereas delta(3)4S of sulfates range from 14.1 to 17.4 parts per thousand. The estimated delta S-34(Sigma S) of the hydrothermal fluid is -0.5 parts per thousand. Within the advanced argillic altered zone the delta S-34 values of sulfides and sulfates are interpreted to reflect isotopic equilibrium at temperatures of similar to 240 degrees C. The delta O-18 values of vuggy quartz range from 9.0 to 17.5 parts per thousand, and the delta O-18 values estimated for the vuggy quartz-forming fluid range from -2.3 to 3.0 parts per thousand, indicating that it precipitated from mixing of magmatic fluids with surficial fluids. The delta O-18 of kaolinite ranges from 12.7 to 18.1 parts per thousand and delta D from -103.3 to -35.2 parts per thousand, whereas the delta O-18 of dickite varies between 12.7 and 16.3 parts per thousand and delta D from -44 to -30. Based on delta O-18 and delta D, two types of kaolinite/dickite can be distinguished, a supergene type and a hypogene type. Combined, the analytical data indicate that the Cerro Quema deposit formed from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids derived from a porphyry copper-like intrusion located at depth likely towards the east of the deposit. The combination of stable isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusion analysis may provide useful exploration vectors for porphyry copper targets in the high sulfidation/lithocap environment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Corral, Isaac; Cardellach, Esteve; Corbella, Merce; Griera, Albert; Gomez-Gras, David] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Geol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Corral, Isaac] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, EGRU Econ Geol Res Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Canals, Angels] Univ Barcelona, Fac Geol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Johnson, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Corral, I (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Geol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.; Corral, I (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, EGRU Econ Geol Res Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM I.Corral.Geo@gmail.com OI Gomez-Gras, David/0000-0002-8539-5739; Corral, Isaac/0000-0002-2173-3460 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Education [CGL2007-62,690/BTE]; Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informacio (Generalitat de Catalunya); SEG Foundation; SEG Canada Foundation FX This study is part of the first author's Ph.D., performed within the framework of the Ph.D. program in Geology of the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. The research was supported through the research project CGL2007-62,690/BTE (Spanish Ministry of Science and Education), and a by a predoctoral grant from the "Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informacio (Generalitat de Catalunya)". The corresponding author would like to express his gratitude to the SEG Foundation and the SEG Canada Foundation for the 2009, 2010 and 2011 Hugh E. McKinstry student research grants, which paid for part of the field and related laboratory research expenses. We thank Bellhaven Copper and Gold Inc. for access to mine samples and drill cores used in this study. We really appreciate help and support of Cayce A Gulbransen and George Breit in the understanding of the stable isotope analytical techniques and alunite separation/analytical techniques respectively. We also thank the helpful comments by Ryan Taylor (USGS reviewer) on the final manuscript draft. The manuscript significantly benefited from a thorough review and many constructive comments by Dr. Antonio Arribas and anonymous reviewer. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 EI 1872-7360 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 80 BP 947 EP 960 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.09.008 PG 14 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA EB8FB UT WOS:000387625800052 ER PT J AU Dundas, CM AF Dundas, Colin M. TI Effects of varying obliquity on Martian sublimation thermokarst landforms SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars, surface; Mars, climate; Geological processes; Ices ID MARS; ICE; DIFFUSION; PLANITIA; UTOPIA AB Scalloped depressions in the Martian mid-latitudes are likely formed by sublimation of ice-rich ground. The stability of subsurface ice changes with the planetary obliquity, generally becoming less stable at lower axial tilt. As a result, the relative rates of sublimation and creep change over time. A landscape evolution model shows that these variations produce internal structure in scalloped depressions, commonly in the form of arcuate ridges, which emerge as depressions resume growth after pausing or slowing. In other scenarios, the formation of internal structure is minimal. Significant uncertainties in past climate and model parameters permit a range of scenarios. Ridges observed in some Martian scalloped depressions could date from obliquity lows or periods of low ice stability occurring <5 Ma, suggesting that the pits are young features and may be actively evolving. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Dundas, Colin M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Dundas, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM cdundas@usgs.gov FU Mars Fundamental Research Program [NNH13AV591] FX This work was funded by Mars Fundamental Research Program grant NNH13AV591. I thank Tim Haltigin, Jim Skinner, Michael Bland, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 22 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 281 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.08.031 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY9TN UT WOS:000385478100009 ER PT J AU Nachon, M Mangold, N Forni, O Kah, LC Cousin, A Wiens, RC Anderson, R Blaney, D Blank, JG Calef, F Clegg, SM Fabre, C Fisk, MR Gasnault, O Grotzinger, JP Kronyak, R Lanza, NL Lasue, J Le Deit, L Le Mouelic, S Maurice, S Meslin, PY Oehler, DZ Payre, V Rapin, W Schroder, S Stack, K Sumner, D AF Nachon, M. Mangold, N. Forni, O. Kah, L. C. Cousin, A. Wiens, R. C. Anderson, R. Blaney, D. Blank, J. G. Calef, F. Clegg, S. M. Fabre, C. Fisk, M. R. Gasnault, O. Grotzinger, J. P. Kronyak, R. Lanza, N. L. Lasue, J. Le Deit, L. Le Mouelic, S. Maurice, S. Meslin, P. -Y. Oehler, D. Z. Payre, V. Rapin, W. Schroeder, S. Stack, K. Sumner, D. TI Chemistry of diagenetic features analyzed by ChemCam at Pahrump Hills, Gale crater, Mars SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars surface; Geological processes; Mineralogy ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; INSTRUMENT SUITE; ROVER; SULFATE; TARGETS; ROCKS; UNIT AB The Curiosity rover's campaign at Pahrump Hills provides the first analyses of lower Mount Sharp strata. Here we report ChemCam elemental composition of a diverse assemblage of post-depositional features embedded in, or cross-cutting, the host rock. ChemCam results demonstrate their compositional diversity, especially compared to the surrounding host rock: (i) Dendritic aggregates and relief enhanced features, characterized by a magnesium enhancement and sulfur detection, and interpreted as Mg-sulfates; (ii) A localized observation that displays iron enrichment associated with sulfur, interpreted as Fe-sulfate; (iii) Dark raised ridges with varying Mg- and Ca-enriched compositions compared to host rock; (iv) Several dark-toned veins with calcium enhancement associated with fluorine detection, interpreted as fluorite veins. (v) Light-toned veins with enhanced calcium associated with sulfur detection, and interpreted as Ca-sulfates. The diversity of the Pahrump Hills diagenetic assemblage suggests a complex post depositional history for fine-grained sediments for which the origin has been interpreted as fluvial and lacustrine. Assessment of the spatial and relative temporal distribution of these features shows that the Mg-sulfate features are predominant in the lower part of the section, suggesting local modification of the sediments by early diagenetic fluids. In contrast, light-toned Ca-sulfate veins occur in the whole section and cross-cut all other features. A relatively late stage shift in geochemical conditions could explain this observation. The Pahrump Hills diagenetic features have no equivalent compared to targets analyzed in other locations at Gale crater. Only the light-toned Ca-sulfate veins are present elsewhere, along Curiosity's path, suggesting they formed through a common late-stage process that occurred at over a broad area. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nachon, M.; Mangold, N.; Le Deit, L.; Le Mouelic, S.] Univ Nantes, CNRS, Lab Planetol & Geodynam Nantes, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes, France. [Forni, O.; Cousin, A.; Gasnault, O.; Lasue, J.; Maurice, S.; Meslin, P. -Y.; Rapin, W.; Schroeder, S.] Univ Toulouse, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, UPS OMP, Toulouse, France. [Kah, L. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Wiens, R. C.; Clegg, S. M.; Lanza, N. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Anderson, R.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Blaney, D.; Calef, F.; Stack, K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Blank, J. G.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Fabre, C.; Payre, V.] Univ Lorraine, GeoRessources, Nancy, France. [Fisk, M. R.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grotzinger, J. P.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Oehler, D. Z.] NASA, Astromat Res & Explorat Sci Div, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Schroeder, S.] Inst Opt Sensorsyst, German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Berlin, Germany. [Sumner, D.] Univ Calif Davis, Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nachon, M (reprint author), Univ Nantes, CNRS, Lab Planetol & Geodynam Nantes, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes, France. EM marion.nachon@univ-nantes.fr OI Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948 FU NASA's Mars Exploration Program; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales; Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers Nord Atlantique FX Data used in the study are available at the NASA Planetary Data System (https://pds.jpl.nasa.gov). We are grateful to the MSL and especially ChemCam science and engineering Teams for the data collection, which is supported in the US by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. We acknowledge Jean-Pierre Lorand (LPGNantes) for providing us with the NiS sample. We also acknowledge the IRAP and the CNES Team members for their contribution on the laboratory analysis. Insightful comments provided by two anonymous reviewers were appreciated. French authors are granted by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, and the Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers Nord Atlantique. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 281 BP 121 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.08.026 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY9TN UT WOS:000385478100010 ER PT J AU Worthington, TA Zhang, TJ Logue, DR Mittelstet, AR Brewer, SK AF Worthington, Thomas A. Zhang, Tianjiao Logue, Daniel R. Mittelstet, Aaron R. Brewer, Shannon K. TI Landscape and flow metrics affecting the distribution of a federally-threatened fish: Improving management, model fit, and model transferability SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Natural flow regime; High flow pulses; Pelagophils; MaxEnt; Temporal transferability ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ECOLOGICAL NICHE MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LIFE-HISTORY; REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY; PRESENCE-ABSENCE; PRAIRIE STREAMS; SMALLEYE SHINER; BRAZOS RIVER; PECOS RIVER AB Truncated distributions of pelagophilic fishes have been observed across the Great Plains of North America, with water use and landscape fragmentation implicated as contributing factors. Developing conservation strategies for these species is hindered by the existence of multiple competing flow regime hypotheses related to species persistence. Our primary study objective was to compare the predicted distributions of one pelagophil, the Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi, constructed using different flow regime metrics. Further, we investigated different approaches for improving temporal transferability of the species distribution model (SDM). We compared four hypotheses: mean annual flow (a baseline), the 75th percentile of daily flow, the number of zero-flow days, and the number of days above 55th percentile flows, to examine the relative importance of flows during the spawning period. Building on an earlier SDM, we added covariates that quantified wells in each catchment, point source discharges, and non-native species presence to a structured variable framework. We assessed the effects on model transferability and fit by reducing multicollinearity using Spearman's rank correlations, variance inflation factors, and principal component analysis, as well as altering the regularization coefficient (beta) within MaxEnt. The 75th percentile of daily flow was the most important flow metric related to structuring the species distribution. The number of wells and point source discharges were also highly ranked. At the default level of beta, model transferability was improved using all methods to reduce collinearity; however, at higher levels of beta, the correlation method performed best. Using beta=5 provided the best model transferability, while retaining the majority of variables that contributed 95% to the model. This study provides a workflow for improving model transferability and also presents water-management options that may be considered to improve the conservation status of pelagophils. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Worthington, Thomas A.; Logue, Daniel R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Zhang, Tianjiao] China Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Modern Precis Agr Syst Integrat Res, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Mittelstet, Aaron R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 117 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Mittelstet, Aaron R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 245 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Brewer, Shannon K.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Worthington, Thomas A.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff Sch Biosci, Sir Martin Evans Bldg,Museum Ave, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. RP Brewer, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM shannon.brewer@okstate.edu NR 130 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD DEC 24 PY 2016 VL 342 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.09.016 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC5DU UT WOS:000388154100001 ER PT J AU Erickson, RA Thogmartin, WE Diffendorfer, JE Russell, RE Szymanski, JA AF Erickson, Richard A. Thogmartin, Wayne E. Diffendorfer, Jay E. Russell, Robin E. Szymanski, Jennifer A. TI Effects of wind energy generation and white-nose syndrome on the viability of the Indiana bat SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Endangered species assessment; Full-annual-cycle; Migratory connectivity; Wind turbine mortality; White-nose syndrome; Population assessment; Indiana bat; Myotis sodalis ID EXTINCTION RISK; MORTALITY; MODELS; WILDLIFE; FARMS; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; VALIDATION; FACILITIES; FATALITY AB Wind energy generation holds the potential to adversely affect wildlife populations. Species-wide effects are difficult to study and few, if any, studies examine effects of wind energy generation on any species across its entire range. One species that may be affected by wind energy generation is the endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), which is found in the eastern and midwestern United States. In addition to mortality from wind energy generation, the species also faces range-wide threats from the emerging infectious fungal disease, white-nose syndrome (WNS). White-nose syndrome, caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans, disturbs hibernating bats leading to high levels of mortality. We used a spatially explicit full-annual-cycle model to investigate how wind turbine mortality and WNS may singly and then together affect population dynamics of this species. In the simulation, wind turbine mortality impacted the metapopulation dynamics of the species by causing extirpation of some of the smaller winter colonies. In general, effects of wind turbines were localized and focused on specific spatial subpopulations. Conversely, WNS had a depressive effect on the species across its range. Wind turbine mortality interacted with WNS and together these stressors had a larger impact than would be expected from either alone, principally because these stressors together act to reduce species abundance across the spectrum of population sizes. Our findings illustrate the importance of not only prioritizing the protection of large winter colonies as is currently done, but also of protecting metapopulation dynamics and migratory connectivity. C1 [Erickson, Richard A.; Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Diffendorfer, Jay E.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Russell, Robin E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Szymanski, Jennifer A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Endangered Species, Onalaska, WI USA. RP Erickson, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM rerickson@usgs.gov OI Erickson, Richard/0000-0003-4649-482X FU National Science Foundation through NSF Award [DBI-1300426]; University of Tennessee, Knoxville FX This work was assisted through participation in the Habitat for Migratory Species Working Group at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, sponsored by the National Science Foundation through NSF Award #DBI-1300426, with additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. This project was part of the US Geological Survey's Wind Energy Impacts Assessment Methodology (WEIAM) project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD DEC 22 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2830 DI 10.7717/peerj.2830 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EG5OL UT WOS:000391093600015 PM 28028486 ER PT J AU Hinton, JW Proctor, C Kelly, MJ van Manen, FT Vaughan, MR Chamberlain, MJ AF Hinton, Joseph W. Proctor, Christine Kelly, Marcella J. van Manen, Frank T. Vaughan, Michael R. Chamberlain, Michael J. TI Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus) SO PLoS One LA English DT Article ID EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; HOME-RANGE SIZE; SCENT-MARKING; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; LARGE CARNIVORE; HYBRID ZONE; GRAY WOLVES; BODY-SIZE; WOLF; COYOTES AB Recovery of large carnivores remains a challenge because complex spatial dynamics that facilitate population persistence are poorly understood. In particular, recovery of the critically endangered red wolf (Canis rufus) has been challenging because of its vulnerability to extinction via human-caused mortality and hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans). Therefore, understanding red wolf space use and habitat selection is important to assist recovery because key aspects of wolf ecology such as interspecific competition, foraging, and habitat selection are well-known to influence population dynamics and persistence. During 2009-2011, we used global positioning system (GPS) radio-telemetry to quantify space use and 3rd-order habitat selection for resident and transient red wolves on the Albemarle Peninsula of eastern North Carolina. The Albemarle Peninsula was a predominantly agricultural landscape in which red wolves maintained spatially stable home ranges that varied between 25 km(2) and 190 km(2). Conversely, transient red wolves did not maintain home ranges and traversed areas between 122 km(2) and 681 km(2). Space use by transient red wolves was not spatially stable and exhibited shifting patterns until residency was achieved by individual wolves. Habitat selection was similar between resident and transient red wolves in which agricultural habitats were selected over forested habitats. However, transients showed stronger selection for edges and roads than resident red wolves. Behaviors of transient wolves are rarely reported in studies of space use and habitat selection because of technological limitations to observed extensive space use and because they do not contribute reproductively to populations. Transients in our study comprised displaced red wolves and younger dispersers that competed for limited space and mating opportunities. Therefore, our results suggest that transiency is likely an important life-history strategy for red wolves that facilitates metapopulation dynamics through short- and long-distance movements and eventual replacement of breeding residents lost to mortality. C1 [Hinton, Joseph W.; Chamberlain, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Proctor, Christine; Kelly, Marcella J.; Vaughan, Michael R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA. [van Manen, Frank T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Bozeman, MT USA. RP Hinton, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jhinton@uga.edu FU North Carolina Department of Transportation VT - NCDOT [09-0776-10]; Warnell of School of Forestry and Natural Resources FX This work was supported by the North Carolina Department of Transportation VT - NCDOT Contract No. 09-0776-10. Publication fees were covered by the Warnell of School of Forestry and Natural Resources. NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 12 AR e0167603 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0167603 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EI9TW UT WOS:000392853100015 PM 28002495 ER PT J AU Sherburne, JJ Anaya, AM Fernie, KJ Forbey, JS Furlong, ET Kolpin, DW Dufty, AM Kinney, CA AF Sherburne, Jessica J. Anaya, Amanda M. Fernie, Kim J. Forbey, Jennifer S. Furlong, Edward T. Kolpin, Dana W. Dufty, Alfred M. Kinney, Chad A. TI Occurrence of Triclocarban and Triclosan in an Agro-ecosystem Following Application of Biosolids SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; PHARMACEUTICALS; BIOACCUMULATION; CONTAMINANTS; ENVIRONMENT; PRODUCTS; EXPOSURE; SLUDGE; PLANTS AB Triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS), two of the most commonly used antimicrobial compounds, can be introduced into ecosystems by applying wastewater treatment plant biosolids to agricultural fields. Concentrations of TCC and TCS were measured in different trophic levels within a terrestrial food web encompassing land-applied biosolids, soil, earthworms (Lumbricus), deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), and eggs of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius) at an experimental site amended with biosolids for the previous 7 years. The samples from this site were compared to the same types of samples from a reference (biosolids-free) agricultural site. Inter-site comparisons showed that concentrations of both antimicrobials were higher on the experimental site in the soil, earthworms, mice (livers), and European starling eggs, but not American kestrel eggs, compared to the control site. Inter-species comparisons on the experimental site indicated significantly higher TCC concentrations in mice (TCC: 12.6-33.3 ng/g) and in starling eggs (TCC: 15.4-31.4 ng/g) than in kestrel eggs (TCC: 3.6 ng/g). Nesting success of kestrels only was significantly lower on the experimental site compared to the reference site due to nest abandonment. This study demonstrates that biosolids-derived TCC and TCS are present throughout the terrestrial food web, including secondary (e.g., starlings) and tertiary (i.e., kestrels) consumers, after repeated, long-term biosolids application. C1 [Sherburne, Jessica J.; Fernie, Kim J.; Forbey, Jennifer S.; Dufty, Alfred M.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1900 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Anaya, Amanda M.; Kinney, Chad A.] Colorado State Univ Pueblo, Dept Chem, 2200 Bonforte Blvd, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA. [Fernie, Kim J.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Ecotoxicol & Wildlife Hlth Div, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. [Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver Fed Ctr, Bldg 95, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, 400 South Clinton St, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. RP Kinney, CA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ Pueblo, Dept Chem, 2200 Bonforte Blvd, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA. EM chad.kinney@csupueblo.edu OI Fernie, Kim/0000-0003-3073-3208 FU Colorado State University-Pueblo Seed Grant; College of Science and Mathematics; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid of Research, Raptor Research Center; Department of Biological Sciences at Boise State University; Environment and Climate Change Canada FX This work was supported by funding from a Colorado State University-Pueblo Seed Grant and funding from the College of Science and Mathematics; support from the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid of Research, Raptor Research Center and the Department of Biological Sciences at Boise State University, and Environment and Climate Change Canada. The use of trade, firm, or brand names in this paper is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the authors or the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 20 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 24 BP 13206 EP 13214 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b01834 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF8ZQ UT WOS:000390620900005 PM 27993073 ER PT J AU Guo, J Venier, M Romanak, K Westenbroek, S Hites, RA AF Guo, Jiehong Venier, Marta Romanak, Kevin Westenbroek, Stephen Hites, Ronald A. TI Identification of Marbon in the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DECHLORANE PLUS; FLAME RETARDANTS; GREAT-LAKES; SEDIMENT; ONTARIO; ENVIRONMENT; TRENDS; FISH AB Marbon is isomeric with Dechlorane Plus (DP). Both are produced by the Diels-Alder condensation of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with cyclic dienes, and both have elemental compositions of C18H12Cl12. Dechlorane Plus is commonly found in the environment throughout the world, but Marbon has, so far, only been detected at low levels in one sediment core collected near the mouth of the Niagara River in Lake Ontario. Here we report on the concentrations of Marbon and anti-DP in 59 water samples from five Lake Michigan tributaries [the Grand, Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, and Lower Fox Rivers, and the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal (IHSC)], 10 surface sediment samples from the IHSC, and 2 surface sediment samples from the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. Three Marbon diastereomers were detected in the water and sediment samples from the IHSC, which is far from the location of its previous detection in Lake Ontario. The sum of the concentrations of the three Marbons was greater in the water from the IHSC (N = 11, median =150 pg/L) compared to those in water from the other four tributaries (N = 11-13, medians =0.9-2.0 pg/L). Marbon concentrations in sediment samples from the IHSC were up to 450 ng/g dry weight. Anti-DP was also measured for comparison. Its concentrations were not significantly different among the water samples, but its sediment concentrations in the IHSC were significantly correlated with those of Marbon. The source of Marbon contamination in the IHSC is not clear. C1 [Guo, Jiehong; Venier, Marta; Romanak, Kevin; Hites, Ronald A.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Westenbroek, Stephen] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Hites, RA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM HitesR@Indiana.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program Office as part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative FX Funding for this project was provided by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program Office as part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. We thank the site operators Brian Heissenberger, David Housner, Thomas Weaver, and Derrick Hubbell for collecting the water samples; Andres Martinez and Ken Hornbuckle from the University of Iowa for the IHSC sediment samples; and Christina Gouliaras from Toronto Research Chemicals for helpful discussions. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 20 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 24 BP 13232 EP 13238 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b04646 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF8ZQ UT WOS:000390620900008 PM 27993042 ER PT J AU Downing, BD Bergamaschi, BA Kendall, C Kraus, TEC Dennis, KJ Carter, JA Von Dessonneck, TS AF Downing, Bryan D. Bergamaschi, Brian A. Kendall, Carol Kraus, Tamara E. C. Dennis, Kate J. Carter, Jeffery A. Von Dessonneck, Travis S. TI Using Continuous Underway Isotope Measurements To Map Water Residence Time in Hydrodynamically Complex Tidal Environments SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RING-DOWN SPECTROMETRY; DELTA-D; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER; ESTUARY; PRECIPITATION; BAY; CYANOBACTERIA; FLUORESCENCE AB Stable isotopes present in water (delta H-2, delta O-18) have been used extensively to evaluate hydrological processes on the basis of parameters such as evaporation, precipitation, mixing, and residence time. In estuarine aquatic habitats, residence time (tau) is a major driver of biogeochemical processes, affecting trophic subsidies and conditions in fish-spawning habitats. But tau is highly variable in estuaries, owing to constant changes in river inflows, tides, wind, and water height, all of which combine to affect tau in unpredictable ways. It recently became feasible to measure delta H-2 and delta O-18 continuously, at a high sampling frequency (1 Hz), using diffusion sample introduction into a cavity ring-down spectrometer. To better understand the relationship of tau to biogeochemical processes in a dynamic estuarine system, we continuously measured delta H-2 and delta O-18, nitrate and water quality parameters, on board a small, high-speed boat (5 to >10 m s(-1)) fitted with a hull-mounted underwater intake. We then calculated tau as is,classically done using the isotopic signals of evaporation. The result was high-resolution (similar to 10 m) maps of residence time, nitrate, and other parameters that showed strong spatial gradients corresponding to geomorphic attributes of the different channels in the area. The mean measured value of tau was 30.5 d, with a range of 0-50 d. We used the measured spatial gradients in both tau and nitrate to calculate whole-ecosystem uptake rates, and the values ranged from 0.006 to 0.039 d(-1). The capability to measure residence time over single tidal cycles in estuaries will be useful for evaluating and further understanding drivers of phytoplankton abundance, resolving differences attributable to mixing and water sources, explicitly calculating biogeochemical rates, and exploring the complex linkages among time-dependent biogeochemical processes in hydrodynamically complex environments such as estuaries. C1 [Downing, Bryan D.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.; Kraus, Tamara E. C.; Von Dessonneck, Travis S.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Kendall, Carol] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Dennis, Kate J.; Carter, Jeffery A.] Picarro Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. RP Downing, BD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. EM bdowning@usgs.gov FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) study of the physical and biological processes that influence habitat quality for delta smelt and other imperiled fish populations FX This work was funded as part of a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) study of the physical and biological processes that influence habitat quality for delta smelt and other imperiled fish populations. This study would not have been possible without the assistance of key personnel from the USGS California Water Science Center. Special thanks go to Katy O'Donnell, Scott Nagel, Angela Hansen, and Erica Schmidt for field and laboratory assistance. We also thank Brian Pellerin and Fred Feyrer for their insightful reviews of earlier versions of this manuscript and Larry Brown and many others for their helpful discussions. The use of brand or firm names in this paper is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 20 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 24 BP 13387 EP 13396 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b05745 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF8ZQ UT WOS:000390620900026 PM 27993035 ER PT J AU DeVries, PMR Evans, EL AF DeVries, Phoebe M. R. Evans, Eileen L. TI Statistical tests of simple earthquake cycle models SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE earthquake cycle; hypothesis testing; viscoelastic; rheology ID SAN-ANDREAS-FAULT; NORTH ANATOLIAN FAULT; CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE; HOLOCENE SLIP RATE; ALTYN-TAGH FAULT; GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; DEAD-SEA TRANSFORM; ART. NO. B05403; 17 AUGUST 1999; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA AB A central goal of observing and modeling the earthquake cycle is to forecast when a particular fault may generate an earthquake: a fault late in its earthquake cycle may be more likely to generate an earthquake than a fault early in its earthquake cycle. Models that can explain geodetic observations throughout the entire earthquake cycle may be required to gain a more complete understanding of relevant physics and phenomenology. Previous efforts to develop unified earthquake models for strike-slip faults have largely focused on explaining both preseismic and postseismic geodetic observations available across a few faults in California, Turkey, and Tibet. An alternative approach leverages the global distribution of geodetic and geologic slip rate estimates on strike-slip faults worldwide. Here we use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for similarity of distributions to infer, in a statistically rigorous manner, viscoelastic earthquake cycle models that are inconsistent with 15 sets of observations across major strike-slip faults. We reject a large subset of two-layer models incorporating Burgers rheologies at a significance level of =0.05 (those with long-term Maxwell viscosities (M)similar to 4.6x10(20)Pas) but cannot reject models on the basis of transient Kelvin viscosity (K). Finally, we examine the implications of these results for the predicted earthquake cycle timing of the 15 faults considered and compare these predictions to the geologic and historical record. C1 [DeVries, Phoebe M. R.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Evans, Eileen L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP DeVries, PMR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM phoeberobinson@fas.harvard.edu FU Harvard University; Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship Program of the Office of Science; National Nuclear Security Administration in the Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER25308] FX We thank Kaj Johnson, an anonymous reviewer, and Editor Andrew Newman for constructive comments about this manuscript that led to substantial improvements. We also thank Fred Pollitz, Sarah Minson, and Keith Knudsen for their thoughtful suggestions. All data referred to in this paper are properly cited and referred to in the reference list. This work was supported by Harvard University and the Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship Program of the Office of Science and National Nuclear Security Administration in the Department of Energy under contract DE-FG02-97ER25308. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 23 BP 12036 EP 12045 DI 10.1002/2016GL070681 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EI5DU UT WOS:000392515000040 ER PT J AU Toohey, RC Herman-Mercer, NM Schuster, PF Mutter, EA Koch, JC AF Toohey, R. C. Herman-Mercer, N. M. Schuster, P. F. Mutter, E. A. Koch, J. C. TI Multidecadal increases in the Yukon River Basin of chemical fluxes as indicators of changing flowpaths, groundwater, and permafrost SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Yukon River; surface water biogeochemistry; permafrost; time series analysis; groundwater; boreal ID BOREAL CATCHMENT UNDERLAIN; NEAR-SURFACE PERMAFROST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ACTIVE LAYER; ARCTIC-OCEAN; LANDSCAPE CONTROLS; THAW DEPTH; ALASKA; CANADA; GEOCHEMISTRY AB The Yukon River Basin, underlain by discontinuous permafrost, has experienced a warming climate over the last century that has altered air temperature, precipitation, and permafrost. We investigated a water chemistry database from 1982 to 2014 for the Yukon River and its major tributary, the Tanana River. Significant increases of Ca, Mg, and Na annual flux were found in both rivers. Additionally, SO4 and P annual flux increased in the Yukon River. No annual trends were observed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from 2001 to 2014. In the Yukon River, Mg and SO4 flux increased throughout the year, while some of the most positive trends for Ca, Mg, Na, SO4, and P flux occurred during the fall and winter months. Both rivers exhibited positive monthly DOC flux trends for summer (Yukon River) and winter (Tanana River). These trends suggest increased active layer expansion, weathering, and sulfide oxidation due to permafrost degradation throughout the Yukon River Basin. C1 [Toohey, R. C.] Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Herman-Mercer, N. M.; Schuster, P. F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA. [Mutter, E. A.] Yukon River Inter Tribal Watershed Council, Anchorage, AK USA. [Koch, J. C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Toohey, RC (reprint author), Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM rtoohey@usgs.gov OI Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982; Herman-Mercer, Nicole/0000-0001-5933-4978; Schuster, Paul/0000-0002-8314-1372; Toohey, Ryan/0000-0001-8248-5045 FU U.S. Geological Survey; Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council; Administration for Native Americans; Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation [1020417]; Pilot Station Traditional Council FX USGS water chemistry and discharge data within this paper can be found at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis. YRITWC water chemistry data and its quality assessment can be found at http://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/SWC_Yukon/YukonRiverBasin/. Wet deposition and precipitation data can be found at http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/. This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council, Administration for Native Americans, Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Science Foundation (1020417). Thank you for support and assistance from Pilot Station Traditional Council. Thank you to Michelle A. Walvoord and two anonymous reviewers for providing constructive review of this study. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 23 BP 12120 EP 12130 DI 10.1002/2016GL070817 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EI5DU UT WOS:000392515000010 ER PT J AU Gulbrandsen, ML Minsley, BJ Ball, LB Hansen, TM AF Gulbrandsen, Mats Lundh Minsley, Burke J. Ball, Lyndsay B. Hansen, Thomas Mejer TI Semiautomatic mapping of permafrost in the Yukon Flats, Alaska SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE permafrost mapping; airborne electromagnetic data; machine learning ID INTERIOR ALASKA; AREAL EXTENT; CARBON LOSS; RESISTIVITY; TUNDRA; FIRE; THAW AB Thawing of permafrost due to global warming can have major impacts on hydrogeological processes, climate feedback, arctic ecology, and local environments. To understand these effects and processes, it is crucial to know the distribution of permafrost. In this study we exploit the fact that airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data are sensitive to the distribution of permafrost and demonstrate how the distribution of permafrost in the Yukon Flats, Alaska, is mapped in an efficient (semiautomatic) way, using a combination of supervised and unsupervised (machine) learning algorithms, i.e., Smart Interpretation and K-means clustering. Clustering is used to sort unfrozen and frozen regions, and Smart Interpretation is used to predict the depth of permafrost based on expert interpretations. This workflow allows, for the first time, a quantitative and objective approach to efficiently map permafrost based on large amounts of AEM data. C1 [Gulbrandsen, Mats Lundh; Hansen, Thomas Mejer] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Solid Earth Phys, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Minsley, Burke J.; Ball, Lyndsay B.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Gulbrandsen, ML (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Solid Earth Phys, Copenhagen, Denmark. EM mats.lundh@nbi.ku.dk OI Gulbrandsen, Mats Lundh/0000-0002-5079-8220; Ball, Lyndsay/0000-0002-6356-4693; Hansen, Thomas Mejer/0000-0003-4529-0112; Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306 FU Danish High Technology Foundation [113-2013-1]; University of Copenhagen FX This study is partly financed by the Danish High Technology Foundation (journal number: 113-2013-1) and partly by the University of Copenhagen, and as far as we understand there is no potential conflict of interest. The AEM data used in this study can be accessed at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1304/[Ball et al., 2011]. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 23 BP 12131 EP 12137 DI 10.1002/2016GL071334 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EI5DU UT WOS:000392515000029 ER PT J AU Demopoulos, AWJ Bourque, JR Cordes, E Stamler, KM AF Demopoulos, Amanda W. J. Bourque, Jill R. Cordes, Erik Stamler, Katherine M. TI Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on deep-sea coral-associated sediment communities SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Cold-water corals; Oil spill; Sediment communities; Deepwater Horizon; Macrofauna; Meiofauna ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; NEMATODE-COPEPOD RATIO; ROCKALL TROUGH MARGIN; LOUISIANA SALT-MARSH; PRODUCTION PLATFORMS; METAZOAN MEIOFAUNA; MEIOBENTHIC-COPEPOD; CARBONATE-MOUND; ATLANTIC-OCEAN AB Cold-water corals support distinct populations of infauna within surrounding sediments that provide vital ecosystem functions and services in the deep sea. Yet due to their sedentary existence, infauna are vulnerable to perturbation and contaminant exposure because they are unable to escape disturbance events. While multiple deep-sea coral habitats were injured by the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, the extent of adverse effects on coral-associated sediment communities is unknown. In 2011, sediments were collected adjacent to several coral habitats located 6 to 183 km from the wellhead in order to quantify the extent of impact of the DWH spill on infaunal communities. Higher variance in macrofaunal abundance and diversity, and different community structure (higher multivariate dispersion) were associated with elevated hydrocarbon concentrations and contaminants at sites closest to the wellhead (MC294, MC297, and MC344), consistent with impacts from the spill. In contrast, variance in meiofaunal diversity was not significantly related to distance from the wellhead and no other community metric (e.g. density or multivariate dispersion) was correlated with contaminants or hydrocarbon concentrations. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) provided the best statistical explanation for observed macrofaunal community structure, while depth and presence of fine-grained mud best explained meiofaunal community patterns. Impacts associated with contaminants from the DWH spill resulted in a patchwork pattern of infaunal community composition, diversity, and abundance, highlighting the role of variability as an indicator of disturbance. These data represent a useful baseline for tracking post-spill recovery of these deep-sea communities. C1 [Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.; Bourque, Jill R.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Cordes, Erik] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Stamler, Katherine M.] US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, Wetland & Aquat Res, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. RP Demopoulos, AWJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. EM ademopoulos@usgs.gov FU NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration as part of the NRDA; USGS OCS Environments program FX NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration provided funding for this research as part of the NRDA for the DWH oil spill. Additional funding was provided to A.W.J.D. from the USGS OCS Environments program. This manuscript was subject to internal review, and the authors thank Rob Ricker (NOAA), Christopher Lewis (IEc), Gwendolyn McCarthy (NOAA), the crew of the Holiday Chouest, Chuck Fisher and his lab. Additionally, special thanks go out to J. McClain-Counts, J. Frometa, W. Jenkins, and the rest of the USGS Benthic Ecology Group for assistance at sea, sample sorting, and thoughtful discussions during the preparation of this manuscript. We also thank 3 anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 561 BP 51 EP 68 DI 10.3354/meps11905 PG 18 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA EH3TV UT WOS:000391695800004 ER PT J AU Engel, JM Ma, L Sak, PB Gaillardet, J Ren, MH Engle, MA Brantley, SL AF Engel, Jacqueline M. Ma, Lin Sak, Peter B. Gaillardet, Jerome Ren, Minghua Engle, Mark A. Brantley, Susan L. TI Quantifying chemical weathering rates along a precipitation gradient on Basse-Terre Island, French Guadeloupe: New insight from U-series isotopes in weathering rinds SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE U-series isotopes; Weathering rinds; Weathering rates; Precipitation; French Guadeloupe ID LESSER-ANTILLES ARC; MASS-BALANCE; U-238-U-234-TH-230 DISEQUILIBRIA; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; FEEDBACK MECHANISM; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER; CO2 CONSUMPTION; TRACE-ELEMENTS; CARBON-CYCLE AB Inside soil and saprolite, rock fragments can form weathering clasts (alteration rinds surrounding an unweathered core) and these weathering rinds provide an excellent field system for investigating the initiation of weathering and long term weathering rates. Recently, uranium-series (U-series) disequilibria have shown great potential for determining rind formation rates and quantifying factors controlling weathering advance rates in weathering rinds. To further investigate whether the U-series isotope technique can document differences in long term weathering rates as a function of precipitation, we conducted a new weathering rind study on tropical volcanic Basse-Terre Island in the Lesser Antilles Archipelago. In this study, for the first time we characterized weathering reactions and quantified weathering advance rates in multiple weathering rinds across a steep precipitation gradient. Electron microprobe (EMP) point measurements, bulk major element contents, and U-series isotope compositions were determined in two weathering clasts from the Deshaies watershed with mean annual precipitation (MAP) = 1800 mm and temperature (MAT) = 23 degrees C. On these clasts, five corerind transects were measured for locations with different curvature (high, medium, and low) of the rind-core boundary. Results reveal that during rind formation the fraction of elemental loss decreases in the order: Ca approximate to Na > K approximate to Mg > Si approximate to Al > Zr approximate to Ti approximate to Fe. Such observations are consistent with the sequence of reactions after the initiation of weathering: specifically, glass matrix and primary minerals (plagioclase, pyroxene) weather to produce Fe oxyhydroxides, gibbsite and minor kaolinite. Uranium shows addition profiles in the rind due to the infiltration of U-containing soil pore water into the rind as dissolved U phases. U is then incorporated into the rind as Fe-Al oxides precipitate. Such processes lead to significant U-series isotope disequilibria in the rinds. This is the first time that multiple weathering clasts from the same watershed were analyzed for U-series isotope disequlibrian and show consistent results. The U-series disequilibria allowed for the determination of rind formation ages and weathering advance rates with a U-series mass balance model. The weathering advance rates generally decreased with decreasing curvature: similar to 0.17 +/- 0.10 mm/kyr for high curvature, similar to 0.12 +/- 0.05 mm/kyr for medium curvature, and similar to 0.11 +/- 0.04, 0.08 +/- 0.03, 0.06 +/- 0.03 mm/kyr for low curvature locations. The observed positive correlation between the curvature and the weathering rates is well supported by predictions of weathering models, i.e., that the curvature of the rind-core boundary controls the porosity creation and weathering advance rates at the clast scale. At the watershed scale, the new weathering advance rates derived on the low curvature transects for the relatively dry Deshaies watershed (average rate of 0.08 mm/kyr; MAP = 1800 mm and MAT = 23 degrees C) are similar to 60% slower than the rind formation rates previously determined in the much wetter Bras David watershed (similar to 0.18 mm/kyr, low curvature transect; MAP = 3400 mm and MAT = 23 degrees C) also on Basse-Terre Island. Thus, a doubling of MAP roughly correlates with a doubling of weathering advance rate. The new rind study highlights the effect of precipitation on weathering rates over a time scale of similar to 100 kyr. Weathering rinds are thus a suitable system for investigating long-term chemical weathering across environmental gradients, complementing short-term riverine solute fluxes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Engel, Jacqueline M.; Ma, Lin] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Sak, Peter B.] Dickinson Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. [Gaillardet, Jerome] Inst Phys Globe Paris, Paris, France. [Ren, Minghua] Univ Nevada Las Vegas, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Brantley, Susan L.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brantley, Susan L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM lma@utep.edu RI GAILLARDET, Jerome/F-9096-2010; OI GAILLARDET, Jerome/0000-0001-7982-1159; Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374 FU National Science Foundation [EAR1251952, EAR1251969, EAR1251875]; Institut Universitaire de France FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation grants EAR1251952 to L.M., EAR1251969 to P.B.S., and EAR1251875 to S.L.B., and. We thank Celine Dessert (IPGP) and L'Observatoire Volcanologique et Sismologique de Guadeloupe (IPGP) for providing logistical support. L.M. also acknowledged analytical assistant of Dr. Adam Ianno from Center of Earth and Environmental Isotope Research at UTEP. J.G. has benefited from a grant from Institut Universitaire de France. We thank Julien Bouchez and Johanna Noireaux (IPGP) for their help in the field and fruitful discussions. We also thank Sebastien Lambert from the Societe Antillaise de Granulats in French Guadeloupe for the great logistical support. NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 195 BP 29 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.040 PG 39 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EG3QD UT WOS:000390958900002 ER PT J AU Phillips, EH Sims, KWW Sherrod, DR Salters, VJM Blusztajn, J Dulai, H AF Phillips, Erin H. Sims, Kenneth W. W. Sherrod, David R. Salters, Vincent J. M. Blusztajn, Jurek Dulai, Henrietta TI Isotopic constraints on the genesis and evolution of basanitic lavas at Haleakala, Island of Maui, Hawaii SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Haleakala; Hawaii; Postshield volcanism; Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes; U-series ID SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT; PUU OO ERUPTION; MANTLE HETEROGENEITY BENEATH; REJUVENATED-STAGE VOLCANISM; MELT GENERATION BENEATH; TH-PA-RA; TRACE-ELEMENT; KILAUEA VOLCANO; GARNET PYROXENITE; EAST MAUI AB To understand the dynamics of solid mantle upwelling and melting in the Hawaiian plume, we present new major and trace element data, Nd, Sr, Hf, and Pb isotopic compositions, and U-238-Th-230-Ra-226 and U-235-Pa-231-Ac-227 activities for 13 Haleakala Crater nepheline normative basanites with ages ranging from similar to 900 to 4100 yr B.P. These basanites of the Hana Volcanics exhibit an enrichment in incompatible trace elements and a more depleted isotopic signature than similarly aged Hawaiian shield lavas from Kilauea and Mauna Loa. Here we posit that as the Pacific lithosphere beneath the active shield volcanoes moves away from the center of the Hawaiian plume, increased incorporation of an intrinsic depleted component with relatively low Pb-206/Pb-204 produces the source of the basanites of the Hana Volcanics. Haleakala Crater basanites have average (Th-230/U-238) of 1.23 (n = 13), average age-corrected (Ra-226/Th-230) of 1.25 (n = 13), and average (Pa-231/U-235) of 1.67 (n = 4), significantly higher than Kilauea and Mauna Loa tholeiites. U-series modeling shows that solid mantle upwelling velocity for Haleakala Crater basanites ranges from similar to 0.7 to 1.0 cm/yr, compared to similar to 10 to 20 cm/yr for tholeiites and similar to 1 to 2 cm/yr for alkali basalts. These modeling results indicate that solid mantle upwelling rates and porosity of the melting zone are lower for Hana Volcanics basanites than for shield-stage tholeiites from Kilauea and Mauna Loa and alkali basalts from Hualalai. The melting rate, which is directly proportional to both the solid mantle upwelling rate and the degree of melting, is therefore greatest in the center of the Hawaiian plume and lower on its periphery. Our results indicate that solid mantle upwelling velocity is at least 10 times higher at the center of the plume than at its periphery under Haleakala. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Phillips, Erin H.; Sims, Kenneth W. W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Sherrod, David R.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Salters, Vincent J. M.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Salters, Vincent J. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Blusztajn, Jurek] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Dulai, Henrietta] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Phillips, EH (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM ephilli8@uwyo.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0001924, EAR-9909473]; University of Wyoming Department of Geology and Geophysics; Wyoming NASA Space Grant Consortium; Uranium-series Symposium FX Funding for this project was provided by National Science Foundation grants EAR-0001924 and EAR-9909473 to KWWS. The University of Wyoming Department of Geology and Geophysics, the Wyoming NASA Space Grant Consortium, and the Uranium-series Symposium 2014 provided travel funds to EHP to present results of this research. Matthew Jull is thanked for assistance with fieldwork and Glenn Gaetani is acknowledged for providing thoughtful insights. We thank Terry Plank and colleagues at Boston University for analyzing the major and trace element concentrations. Associate Editor Fred Frey, Andreas Stracke, Aaron Pietruszka, and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive reviews that significantly improved the manuscript. Marc Norman and Shichun Huang are also thanked for editorial handling. NR 154 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 195 BP 201 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.017 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EG3QD UT WOS:000390958900011 ER PT J AU Wright, TL Marsh, B AF Wright, Thomas L. Marsh, Bruce TI Quantification of the intrusion process at Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Kilauea; Magma; Plumbing; Dike; Intrusion; Petrology ID LAKE COOLING MODELS; EAST RIFT-ZONE; NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; LAVA LAKE; MAGMA; DIFFERENTIATION; ERUPTIONS; ALAE AB The characteristic size of two types of intrusions identified beneath Kilauea's East Rift zone are uniquely estimated by combining time constraints from fractional crystallization and the rates of magma solidification during cooling. Some intrusions were rapidly emplaced as dikes, but stalled before reaching the surface, and cooled and crystallized to feed later fractionated eruptions. More specifically, using the observed time interval between initial emplacement and eruption of fractionated lava, whose degree of fractionation is estimated from petrologic mixing calculations, the extent of solidification or cooling needed to produce this amount of fractionation can be directly inferred. And from the known erupted volumes the spatial extent or size of this fractionated volume can be analytically related to the full size of the source body itself. Two examples yield dike widths of 82 and 68 Other intrusions remain close to the east rift magma transport path and are observed to last for decades or longer as viable magma bodies that may participate in feeding later eruptions. The thickness of semi-permanent reservoirs near the East Rift Zone magma transport path can be estimated by assuming a resupply rate that is sufficiently frequent to restrict cooling to <10 degrees C. It is inferred that both types of intrusions likely began as dike offshoots from the East Rift Zone magma transport path, but the frequently resupplied bodies may have later been converted to sills or laccoliths of heights estimated at 43-62 m. Our modeled intrusions contrast with models of rapidly emplaced thinner dikes feeding shallow intrusions, which are accompanied by intense rift earthquake swarms and are often associated with eruptions. These calculations show that long-term heating of the wallrock of the magma transport paths serves to slow conduit cooling, which may be partly responsible for sustaining long East Rift Zone eruptions. Adjacent to the vertical transport path beneath Kilauea's summit, the combined effects of heating and ever-increasing, magma supply rate may have forced a commensurate enlarging of the conduit, perhaps explaining the occurrence of a temporary burst of deep (5-15 km) long-period earthquake swarms between 1987 and 1992. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wright, Thomas L.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Wright, Thomas L.; Marsh, Bruce] Johns Hopkins Univ, MK Blaustein Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 34th & Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Wright, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.; Wright, TL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, MK Blaustein Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 34th & Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM twright@usgs.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 34 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.09.019 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG3UH UT WOS:000390969700003 ER PT J AU King, JM Hurwitz, S Lowenstern, JB Nordstrom, DK McCleskey, RB AF King, Jonathan M. Hurwitz, Shaul Lowenstern, Jacob B. Nordstrom, D. Kirk McCleskey, R. Blaine TI Multireaction equilibrium geothermometry: A sensitivity analysis using data from the Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, USA SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Geothermometry; Yellowstone; Hydrothermal; Geothermal; Aqueous chemistry; Equilibria ID UNDERGROUND TEMPERATURES; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; GAS EQUILIBRIA; WATERS; MINERALS; DYNAMICS; ENTHALPY; SILICA; VALLEY AB A multireaction chemical equilibria geothermometry (MEG) model applicable to high-temperature geothermal systems has been developed over the past three decades. Given sufficient data, this model provides more constraint on calculated reservoir temperatures than classical chemical geothermometers that are based on either the concentration of silica (SiO2), or the ratios of cation concentrations. A set of 23 chemical analyses from Ojo Caliente Spring and 22 analyses from other thermal features in the Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park are used to examine the sensitivity of calculated reservoir temperatures using the GeoT MEG code (Spycher et al. 2013, 2014) to quantify the effects of solute concentrations, degassing, and mineral assemblages on calculated reservoir temperatures. Results of our analysis demonstrate that the MEG model can resolve reservoir temperatures within approximately +/- 15 degrees C, and that natural variation in fluid compositions represents a greater source of variance in calculated reservoir temperatures than variations caused by analytical uncertainty (assuming similar to 5% for major elements). The analysis also suggests that MEG calculations are particularly sensitive to variations in silica concentration, the concentrations of the redox species Fe(II) and H2S, and that the parameters defining steam separation and CO2 degassing from the liquid may be adequately determined by numerical optimization. Results from this study can provide guidance for future applications of MEG models, and thus provide more reliable information on geothermal energy resources during exploration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [King, Jonathan M.; Hurwitz, Shaul; Lowenstern, Jacob B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Nordstrom, D. Kirk; McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Hurwitz, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM shaulh@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards and Energy Programs FX This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards and Energy Programs. We thank Yousif Kharaka, Nicolas Spycher, and an anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful comments and insight. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.10.010 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG3UH UT WOS:000390969700009 ER PT J AU Gaunt, HE Bernard, B Hidalgo, S Proano, A Wright, H Mothes, P Criollo, E Kueppers, U AF Elizabeth Gaunt, H. Bernard, Benjamin Hidalgo, Silvana Proano, Antonio Wright, Heather Mothes, Patricia Criollo, Evelyn Kueppers, Ulrich TI Juvenile magma recognition and eruptive dynamics inferred from the analysis of ash time series: The 2015 reawakening of Cotopaxi volcano SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Volcanic ash; Volcano monitoring; Cotopaxi volcano; Eruption dynamics; Hazard assessment ID SAKURAJIMA VOLCANO; LAVA DOME; ECUADOR; JAPAN; PETROLOGY; TEXTURE; CRYSTALLIZATION; DECOMPRESSION; PARTICLES; DEPOSITS AB Forecasting future activity and performing hazard assessments during the reactivation of volcanoes remain great challenges for the volcanological community. On August 14, 2015 Cotopaxi volcano erupted for the first time in 73 years after approximately four months of precursory activity, which included an increase in seismicity, gas emissions, and minor ground deformation. Here we discuss the use of near real-time petrological monitoring of ash samples as a complementary aid to geophysical monitoring, in order to infer eruption dynamics and evaluate possible future eruptive activity at Cotopaxi. Twenty ash samples were collected between August 14 and November 23, 2015 from a monitoring site on the west flank of the volcano. These samples contain a range of grain types that we classified as: hydrothermal/altered, lithic, juvenile, and free crystals. The relative proportions of theses grains evolved as the eruption progressed, with increasing amounts of juvenile material and a decrease in hydrothermally altered material. In samples from the initial explosion, juvenile grains are glassy, microlite-poor and contain hydrothermal minerals (opal and alunite). The rising magma came in contact with the hydro thermal system under confinement, causing hydro-magmatic explosions that cleared the upper part of the plumbing system. Subsequently, the magmatic column produced a thermal aureole in the conduit and dried out the hydrothermal system, allowing for dry eruptions. Magma ascent rates were low enough to allow for efficient outgassing and microlite growth. Constant supply of magma from below caused quasi-continuous disruption of the uppermost magma volume through a combination of shear-deformation and gas expansion. The combination of increasing crystallinity of juvenile grains, and high measured SO2 flux indicate decreasing integrated magma ascent rates and clearing of the hydrothermal system along transport pathways in a system open to gas loss. The near real-time monitoring of ash samples combined with traditional geophysical monitoring techniques during the reawakening of Cotopaxi allowed us to gain a much clearer understanding of events than when using traditional geophysical monitoring alone. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Elizabeth Gaunt, H.; Bernard, Benjamin; Hidalgo, Silvana; Proano, Antonio; Mothes, Patricia] Escuela Politec Nacl, Inst Geofis, Quito, Ecuador. [Wright, Heather] US Geol Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Wright, Heather] USAID, Off Foreign Disaster Assistance, VDAP, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Criollo, Evelyn] Escuela Politec Nacl, Dept Met Extract, Quito, Ecuador. [Kueppers, Ulrich] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Earth & Environm Sci, Munich, Germany. RP Gaunt, HE (reprint author), Escuela Politec Nacl, Inst Geofis, Quito, Ecuador. EM egaunt@igepn.edu.ec OI Hidalgo, Silvana/0000-0001-6386-9502 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [KU2689/2-1]; Marie Curie Initial Training Network 'VERTIGO' through the European Union Seventh Framework Programme [607905] FX We would like to acknowledge all members of the Instituto Geofisico, especially those who were involved in the response to the volcanic crisis and who assisted with sample collection and analysis. The authors would like to thank John Pallister and the team from VDAP for insightful discussions, Leslie Hayden at the USGS Menlo Park for help with electron microprobe analyses, and members of DEMEXEPN for their assistance with the SEM work. This research has been conducted in the context of the Laboratoire Mixte International "Seismes et Volcans dans les Andes du Nord" of IRD. This work is the contribution no 3 of the project "Grupo de Investigacion sobre la Ceniza Volcanica en Ecuador". U.K. acknowledges the support by grant KU2689/2-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and by the Marie Curie Initial Training Network 'VERTIGO', funded through the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 2007-2013) under Grant Agreement number 607905. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 134 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.10.013 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG3UH UT WOS:000390969700011 ER PT J AU Battistel, M Hurwitz, S Evans, WC Barbieri, M AF Battistel, Maria Hurwitz, Shaul Evans, William C. Barbieri, Maurizio TI The chemistry and isotopic composition of waters in the low-enthalpy geothermal system of Cimino-Vico Volcanic District, Italy SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Low-enthalpy geothermal system; Fluid geochemistry; Boron isotopes; Strontium isotopes; Central Italy ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NATURAL HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; THERMAL WATERS; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; NEW-ZEALAND; BORON; GEOCHEMISTRY; AQUIFERS; FLUIDS; AREA AB Geothermal energy exploration is based in part on interpretation of the chemistry, temperature, and discharge rate of thermal springs. Here we present the major element chemistry and the delta D, delta O-18 Sr-87/Sr-86 and delta B-11 isotopic ratio of groundwater from the low-enthalpy geothermal system near the city of Viterbo in the Cimino-Vico volcanic district of west-Central Italy. The geothermal system hosts many thermal springs and gas vents, but the resource is still unexploited. Water chemistry is controlled by mixing between low salinity,HCO3-rich fresh waters (<24.2 degrees C) flowing in shallow volcanic rocks and SO4-rich thermal waters (253 degrees C to 62.2 degrees C) ascending from deep, high permeability Mesozoic limestones. The (equivalent) SO4/Cl (0.01-0.02), Na/Cl (2.82-5.83) and B/Cl ratios (0.02-0.38) of thermal waters differs from the ratios in other geothermal systems from Central Italy, probably implying a lack of hydraulic continuity across the region. The delta O-18 (-6.6 parts per thousand to 5.9 parts per thousand) and 8D (-40.60 parts per thousand to 36.30 parts per thousand) isotopic composition of spring water suggest that the recharge area for the geothermal system is the summit region of Mount Cimino. The strontium isotope ratios (Sr-87/Sr-86) of thermal waters (0.70797-0.70805) are consistent with dissolution of the Mesozoic evaporite-carbonate units that constitute the reservoir, and the ratios of cold fresh waters mainly reflect shallow circulation through the volcanic cover and some minor admixture (<10%) of thermal water as well. The boron isotopic composition (delta B-11) of fresh waters (-5.00 and 6.12 parts per thousand) is similar to that of the volcanic cover, but the delta B-11 of thermal waters (-8.37 parts per thousand to -4.12 parts per thousand) is a mismatch for the Mesozoic reservoir rocks and instead reflects dissolution of secondary boron minerals during fluid ascent through flysch units that overlie the reservoir. A slow and tortuous ascent enhances extraction of boron but also promotes conductive cooling, partially masking the heat present in the reservoir. Overall data from this study is consistent with previous studies that concluded that the geothermal system has a large energy potential. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Battistel, Maria; Barbieri, Maurizio] Univ Sapienza Roma, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Piazzale A Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Battistel, Maria] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, Miljovej,Bldg 115, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hurwitz, Shaul; Evans, William C.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Battistel, M (reprint author), Univ Sapienza Roma, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Piazzale A Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. EM maria.battistel@gmail.com RI Barbieri, Maurizio/E-9260-2012 OI Barbieri, Maurizio/0000-0002-6595-103X NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 222 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.11.005 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG3UH UT WOS:000390969700018 ER PT J AU Patrick, MR Orr, T Swanson, DA Lev, E AF Patrick, M. R. Orr, T. Swanson, D. A. Lev, E. TI Shallow and deep controls on lava lake surface motion at Kilauea Volcano SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lava lake; Volcano monitoring; Thermal imaging ID DYNAMICS; HAWAII; FLUCTUATIONS; ETHIOPIA; SUMMIT AB Lava lakes provide a rare window into magmatic behavior, and lake surface motion has been used to infer deeper properties of the magmatic system. At Halema'uma'u Crater, at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, multidisciplinary observations for the past several years indicate that lava lake surface motion can be broadly divided into two regimes: 1) stable and 2) unstable. Stable behavior is driven by lava upwelling from deeper in the lake (presumably directly from the conduit) and is an intrinsic process that drives lava lake surface motion most of the time. This stable behavior can be interrupted by periods of unstable flow (often reversals) driven by spattering - a shallowly -rooted process often extrinsically triggered by small rockfalls from the crater wall. The bursting bubbles at spatter sources create void spaces and a localized surface depression which draws and consumes surrounding surface crust. Spattering is therefore a location of lava downwelling, not upwelling. Stable (i.e. deep, upwelling-driven) and unstable (i.e. shallow, spattering-driven) behavior often alternate through time, have characteristic surface velocities, flow directions and surface temperature regimes, and also correspond to changes in spattering intensity, outgassing rates, lava level and seismic tremor. These results highlight that several processes, originating at different depths, can control the motion of the lava lake surface, and long-term interdisciplinary monitoring is required to separate these influences. These observations indicate that lake surface motion is not always a reliable proxy for deeper lake or magmatic processes. From these observations, we suggest that shallow outgassing (spattering), not lake convection, drives the variations in lake motion reported at Erta 'Ale lava lake. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Patrick, M. R.; Orr, T.; Swanson, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA. [Lev, E.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, 61 Rte 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Patrick, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA. EM mpatrick@usgs.gov FU America Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA); NSF [EAR-1348022] FX The thermal camera was purchased with funds provided by the America Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). HVO staff, including Lopaka Lee, William Tollett, Loren Antolik and Kevan Kamibayashi, assisted with data collection and camera maintenance. Lev was supported by NSF grant EAR-1348022. Claire Brown performed the plate counting. Adam LeWinter and David Finnegan (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory), and Steve Anderson (University of Northern Colorado) performed the 2013 lidar survey. The use of trade name is for informative use only and does not constitute an endorsement by the US federal government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 247 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.11.010 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG3UH UT WOS:000390969700021 ER PT J AU Hu, X Wang, T Pierson, TC Lu, Z Kim, J Cecere, TH AF Hu, Xie Wang, Teng Pierson, Thomas C. Lu, Zhong Kim, Jinwoo Cecere, Thomas H. TI Detecting seasonal landslide movement within the Cascade landslide complex (Washington) using time-series SAR imagery SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cascade landslide complex; Columbia Gorge landslides; Time-series amplitude analysis; Time-series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) analysis; Seasonal landslide movement; Precipitation-correlated landslide motion; Precipitation triggers; Landslide kinematics ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; OREGON; INTERFEROMETRY AB Detection of slow or limited landslide movement within broad areas of forested terrain has long been problematic, particularly for the Cascade landslide complex (Washington) located along the Columbia River Gorge. Although parts of the landslide complex have been found reactivated in recent years, the timing and magnitude of motion have not been systematically monitored or interpreted. Here we apply novel time-series strategies to study the spatial distribution and temporal behavior of the landslide movement between 2007 and 2011 using InSAR images from two overlapping L-band ALOS PALSAR-1 satellite tracks. Our results show that the reactivated part has moved approximately 700 mm downslope during the 4-year observation period, while other parts of the landslide complex have generally remained stable. However, we also detect about 300 mm of seasonal downslope creep in a terrain block upslope of the Cascade landslide complex terrain previously thought to be stable. The temporal oscillation of the seasonal movement can be correlated with precipitation, implying that seasonal movement here is hydrology-driven. The seasonal movement also has a frequency similar to GPS-derived regional ground oscillations due to mass loading by stored rainfall and subsequent rebound but with much smaller magnitude, suggesting different hydrological loading effects. From the time-series amplitude information on terrain upslope of the headscarp, we also re-evaluate the incipient motion related to the 2008 Greenleaf Basin rock avalanche, not previously recognized by traditional SAR/InSAR methods. The approach used in this study can be used to identify active landslides in forested terrain, to track the seasonal movement of landslides, and to identify previously unknown landslide hazards. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Xie; Wang, Teng; Lu, Zhong; Kim, Jinwoo] Southetrn Methodist Univ, Huffington Dept Earth Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Pierson, Thomas C.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA. [Cecere, Thomas H.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Lu, Z (reprint author), Southetrn Methodist Univ, Huffington Dept Earth Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. EM zhonglu@smu.edu OI Kim, Jin-Woo/0000-0002-9097-2465; Wang, Teng/0000-0003-3729-0139 FU NASA [NNX15AN10H]; U.S. Geological Survey [G14AC00153]; Shuler-Foscue Endowment at Southern Methodist University FX We thank Washington Department of Natural Resources, Western Regional Climate Center, Desert Research Institute and UNAVCO for providing the LIDAR DEM, precipitation records and GPS observations, respectively. ALOS PALSAR-1 data acquired by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) were distributed through Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF). This research was financially supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NNX15AN10H), U.S. Geological Survey (G14AC00153), and the Shuler-Foscue Endowment at Southern Methodist University. The geocoded maps were generated by the General Mapping Tools (GMT) and ArcGIS. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 187 BP 49 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.10.006 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EF7EX UT WOS:000390494000004 ER PT J AU Pereira, P Rein, G Martin, D AF Pereira, Paulo Rein, Guillermo Martin, Deborah TI Past and Present Post-Fire Environments SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID DRIVEN FIRE REGIMES; CLIMATE CHANGES; FOREST-FIRE; MEDITERRANEAN FOREST; VEGETATION TYPE; WILDFIRES; EUROPE; ASH; PLANTATIONS; EXTINCTION C1 [Pereira, Paulo] Mykolas Romeris Univ, Ctr Environm Management, Ateities G 20, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Rein, Guillermo] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London, England. [Martin, Deborah] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St E127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Pereira, P (reprint author), Mykolas Romeris Univ, Ctr Environm Management, Ateities G 20, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania. OI Rein, Guillermo/0000-0001-7207-2685 NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 573 BP 1275 EP 1277 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.040 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF1FP UT WOS:000390071000123 PM 27369092 ER PT J AU Islam, A Ahmed, A Hur, M Thorn, K Kim, S AF Islam, Ananna Ahmed, Arif Hur, Manhoi Thorn, Kevin Kim, Sunghwan TI Molecular-level evidence provided by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry for oil-derived doc in groundwater at Bemidji, Minnesota SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Oil spill; High resolution mass spectrometry; Double bond equivalent; Petroleum ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PHOTOIONIZATION; FT-ICR MS; POLAR METABOLITE MIXTURES; ESTIMATED HUMAN TOXICITY; FUEL RELEASE SITES; WATER-HORIZON OIL; CRUDE-OIL; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SPILL CLEANUP AB Dissolved organic matter samples extracted from ground water at the USGS Bemidji oil spill site in Minnesota were investigated by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. Principle component analysis (PCA) of the elemental composition assignments of the samples showed that the score plots for the contaminated sites were well separated from those for the uncontaminated sites. Additionally, spectra obtained from the same sampling site 7 and 19 years after the spill were grouped together in the score plot, strongly suggesting a steady state of contamination within the 12 year interval. The double bond equivalence (DBE) of O-x class compounds was broader for the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the complex nature of oil and the consequent formation of compounds with saturated and/or aromatic structures from the oxygenated products of oil. In addition, O-x class compounds with a relatively smaller number of x (x < 8; x = number of oxygen) and OxS1 class compounds were more abundant in the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the lower oxygen and higher sulfur contents of the oil compared to humic substances. The molecular-level signatures presented here can be a fundamental basis for in-depth analysis of oil contamination. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Islam, Ananna; Ahmed, Arif; Kim, Sunghwan] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 702701, South Korea. [Hur, Manhoi] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hur, Manhoi] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Metab Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Thorn, Kevin] US Geol Survey, Water Mission Area, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Kim, Sunghwan] Green Nano Ctr, Dept Chem, Daegu 702701, South Korea. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 702701, South Korea. EM sunghwank@knu.ac.kr OI Kim, Sunghwan/0000-0002-3364-7367 FU Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant - Korean government (MEST) [2014R1A2A1A11049946]; Oil Spill Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Restoration project from Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries; U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Substances Hydrology Program FX This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) 2014R1A2A1A11049946, by Oil Spill Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Restoration project from Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries and by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Substances Hydrology Program. We thank George Aiken for initiating the study of oil derived DOC at the Bemidji site and help in sample collection, and Barbara Bekins for helpful discussions of the site. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 48 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 320 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.018 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ1LU UT WOS:000385600700014 PM 27526278 ER PT J AU Bennett, SEK Oskin, ME Iriondo, A Kunk, MJ AF Bennett, Scott E. K. Oskin, Michael E. Iriondo, Alexander Kunk, Michael J. TI Slip history of the La Cruz fault: Development of a late Miocene transform in response to increased rift obliquity in the northern Gulf of California SO TECTONOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Gulf of California; Oblique continental rifting; Transtension; Isla Tiburon; La Cruz fault; Gulf of California shear zone ID NORTHEASTERN BAJA-CALIFORNIA; COASTAL SONORA BATHOLITH; PYROCLASTIC FLOW DEPOSIT; EXPERIMENTAL CLAY MODELS; AMERICA PLATE MOTION; SIERRA SAN-FERMIN; U-PB; SOUTHERN GULF; CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE; NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY AB The Gulf of California rift has accommodated oblique divergence of the Pacific and North America plates in northwestern Mexico since Miocene time. Due to its infancy, its rifted margins preserve a rare onshore record of early continental break-up processes and an opportunity to investigate the role of rift obliquity in strain localization. We map rift-related structures and syn-tectonic basins on southern Isla Tiburon, a proximal onshore exposure of the rifted North America margin. We integrate analysis and geochronology of syn-tectonic sedimentary basins and mapping of crosscutting relationships to characterize the style and timing of fault activity. On southern Isla Tiburon, an early phase of extension initiated between similar to 19-17 Ma and similar to 12.2 Ma. Subsequently, these normal faults and related basins were cut by the La Cruz strike-slip fault and buried by deposits of the La Cruz basin, an elongate, fault-controlled trough coextensive with the La Cruz fault. Crosscutting relationships show that the NW-striking La Cruz fault accrued 5 2 km of dextral slip similar to 8-4 Ma. The La Cruz fault and parallel Tiburon transform were kinematically linked to detachment faulting that accommodated latest Miocene to Pliocene oblique opening of the offshore Upper Tiburon pull-apart basin. The onset of strike-slip faulting on Isla Tiburon was synchronous with the similar to 8-6 Ma onset of transform faulting and basin formation along >1000 km of the reconstructed Pacific-North America plate boundary. This transition coincides with the commencement of a clockwise azimuthal shift in Pacific-North America relative plate motion that increased the obliquity of the Gulf of California rift and formed the Gulf of California shear zone. The record from the proto-Gulf of California illustrates how highly oblique rift geometries, where transform faults are kinematically linked to pull-apart basins, enhance the ability of continental lithosphere to rupture and, ultimately, hasten the formation of new oceanic rift basins. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bennett, Scott E. K.; Oskin, Michael E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 2119 Earth & Phys Sci,One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bennett, Scott E. K.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Iriondo, Alexander] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico. [Iriondo, Alexander] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Kunk, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Bennett, SEK (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU National Science Foundation [0739017, 0904337]; ExxonMobil Geoscience Grant; Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Grant; Northern California Geological Society Richard Chambers Memorial Scholarship; UC Davis Cordell Durrell scholarship FX Funding from the National Science Foundation Tectonics and MARGINS programs, awards #0739017 and #0904337, an ExxonMobil Geoscience Grant, a Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Grant, a Northern California Geological Society Richard Chambers Memorial Scholarship, and a UC Davis Cordell Durrell scholarship made this research possible. Permission to enter Isla Tiburon was granted by the Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas and the native Cumcaac (Seri) tribe. We thank A. Martin-Barajas for assistance with permit acquisition. Reviews by M. Bonini, J. Matti, M. Darin, an anonymous reviewer, and Associate Editor D. Czeck as well as discussions with R. Dorsey and A. Forte all helped improve the manuscript. M. Tappa, M. Iglecia, A. Gauer, and E. Stevens all provided great company, safety, and support while conducting fieldwork on Isla Tiburon. T. Donovan, G. Smart, and the Prescott College Kino Bay Center for Cultural and Ecological Studies staff provided incredible logistical support and comfortable accommodations while conducting fieldwork. We thank the Molina Villa-Lobos family (Ernesto, Francisco, and Esequel) of the of the native Cumcaac (Seri) tribe for their superb boatmanship and safe-keeping during our field research. NR 123 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-1951 EI 1879-3266 J9 TECTONOPHYSICS JI Tectonophysics PD DEC 14 PY 2016 VL 693 SI SI BP 409 EP 435 DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2016.06.013 PN B PG 27 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EH4ZP UT WOS:000391782700016 ER PT J AU Lu, XH Jiang, H Liu, JX Zhang, XY Jin, JX Zhu, QA Zhang, Z Peng, CH AF Lu, Xuehe Jiang, Hong Liu, Jinxun Zhang, Xiuying Jin, Jiaxin Zhu, Qiuan Zhang, Zhen Peng, Changhui TI Simulated effects of nitrogen saturation on the global carbon budget using the IBIS model SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; ELEVATED CO2; SOUTHERN CHINA; DEPOSITION; LIMITATION; AVAILABILITY; BALANCE; CLIMATE; LAND AB Over the past 100 years, human activity has greatly changed the rate of atmospheric N (nitrogen) deposition in terrestrial ecosystems, resulting in N saturation in some regions of the world. The contribution of N saturation to the global carbon budget remains uncertain due to the complicated nature of C-N (carbon-nitrogen) interactions and diverse geography. Although N deposition is included in most terrestrial ecosystem models, the effect of N saturation is frequently overlooked. In this study, the IBIS (Integrated BIosphere Simulator) was used to simulate the global-scale effects of N saturation during the period 1961-2009. The results of this model indicate that N saturation reduced global NPP (Net Primary Productivity) and NEP (Net Ecosystem Productivity) by 0.26 and 0.03 Pg C yr(-1), respectively. The negative effects of N saturation on carbon sequestration occurred primarily in temperate forests and grasslands. In response to elevated CO2 levels, global N turnover slowed due to increased biomass growth, resulting in a decline in soil mineral N. These changes in N cycling reduced the impact of N saturation on the global carbon budget. However, elevated N deposition in certain regions may further alter N saturation and C-N coupling. C1 [Lu, Xuehe; Jiang, Hong; Zhang, Xiuying; Jin, Jiaxin; Zhang, Zhen] Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Geog Informat Sci & Technol, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Xuehe; Jiang, Hong; Zhang, Xiuying; Jin, Jiaxin; Zhang, Zhen] Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Jinxun] USGS Western Geog Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Zhu, Qiuan; Peng, Changhui] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, H (reprint author), Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Geog Informat Sci & Technol, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Jiang, H (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jianghong@nju.edu.cn FU NSF China [41501212]; NSF China Major Program [41171324]; Funds for Ph.D. Education [20110091110028]; fundamental research project of MOST [2005DKA32306] FX Financial support for the study was provided by the NSF China (41501212), the NSF China Major Program (41171324), the Funds for Ph.D. Education (20110091110028), and the fundamental research project of MOST (2005DKA32306). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD DEC 14 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 39173 DI 10.1038/srep39173 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EE6RP UT WOS:000389740200001 PM 27966643 ER PT J AU Oliver, PM Clegg, JR Fisher, RN Richards, SJ Taylor, PN Jocque, MMT AF Oliver, Paul M. Clegg, Jonathan R. Fisher, Robert N. Richards, Stephen J. Taylor, Peter N. Jocque, Merlijn M. T. TI A new biogeographically disjunct giant gecko (Gehyra: Gekkonidae: Reptilia) from the East Melanesian Islands SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Admiralty Islands; endemism; Fiji; Manus; Miocene; Mussau; molelcular dating; overwater dispersal; Vanuatu ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; SQUAMATA GEKKONIDAE; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; GENUS GEHYRA; PHYLOGENY; PACIFIC; EVOLUTION; LIZARDS; REDESCRIPTION; SYSTEMATICS AB The East Melanesian Islands have been a focal area for research into island biogeography and community ecology. However, previously undescribed and biogeographically significant new species endemic to this region continue to be discovered. Here we describe a phylogenetically distinct (similar to 20% divergence at the mitochondrial ND2 gene) and biogeographically disjunct new species of gecko in the genus Gehyra, from the Admiralty and St Matthias Islands. Gehyra rohan sp. nov. can be distinguished from all congeners by the combination of its very large size, ring of bright orange scales around the eye, moderate degree of lateral folding on the limbs and body, and aspects of head, body and tail scalation. Molecular data indicate mid to late Miocene divergence of the new species from nearest relatives occurring nearly 2000 kilometres away in Vanuatu and Fiji. Large Gehyra have not been recorded on the intervening large islands of the Bismark Archipelago (New Britain and New Ireland) and the Solomon Islands, suggesting this dispersal pre-dated the current configuration of these islands, extinction in intervening regions, or potentially elements of both. Conversely, low genetic divergence between disjunct samples on Manus and Mussau implies recent overseas dispersal via either natural or anthropogenic means. C1 [Oliver, Paul M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Evolut Ecol & Genet, Bldg 116,Daley Rd, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia. [Oliver, Paul M.] Australian Natl Univ, Ctr Biodivers Anal, Bldg 116,Daley Rd, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia. [Clegg, Jonathan R.; Taylor, Peter N.; Jocque, Merlijn M. T.] RBINS, Aquat & Terr Ecol ATECO, Vautierstr 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Clegg, Jonathan R.; Taylor, Peter N.; Jocque, Merlijn M. T.] Biodivers Inventory Conservat BINCO Vzw, Walmersumstr 44, B-3380 Glabbeek, Belgium. [Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, 4165 Spruance Rd Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. [Richards, Stephen J.] South Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. RP Oliver, PM (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Evolut Ecol & Genet, Bldg 116,Daley Rd, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia.; Oliver, PM (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Ctr Biodivers Anal, Bldg 116,Daley Rd, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia. EM Paul.oliver@anu.edu.au FU U.S. Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund; USGS Ecosystems Mission Area; Australian Pacific Science Foundation; Australian Research Council; Winston Churchill Memorial Trust FX Ken Aplin provided data and photographs of the specimen collected on Mussau Island. The following curators and collection managers kindly provided access to specimens in their care and various other assistances: Ross Sadlier (AMS), Jens Vindum (CAS), Jos Rosado (MCZ), Hellen Kurniati, Mumpuni (MZB), Katie Date (NMV), Sebastien Bruaux and Tom Geerinckx (RBINS), Jim Anamiato (PNGNM), Mark Hutchinson and Carolyn Kovach (SAMA) and Jeremy Jacobs (USNM). Renae Pratt and Bee Gunn generated sequence data for key samples. JRC, PNT and MMTJ thank Anou Borrey for her extensive support during their stay in Papua New Guinea, Daniel Charles at WCS and local fixer Kikiu for logistic support, and Mary and all the villagers of Yiringou for the hospitality shown during their stay at the mission station. RNF thanks Daniel Charles, Bulisa Iova, Jonathan Richmond for logistic support on Manus. Fieldwork on Manus and Mussau Islands by SJR and Ken Aplin was facilitated by the Wildlife Conservation Society and PNG Department of Environment and Conservation, with support from the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund. The survey was made possible with support and hospitality of the leaders, councillors and residents of Tulu 1 and Piri on Manus, and Nae and Loliang on Mussau. RNF thanks the U.S. Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area for funding and project support. The use of trade, product or firm names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. PMO was funded by a grant from the Australian Pacific Science Foundation to Paul (with, SJR and Mike Lee) and an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Fellowship. JRC was funded by a grant from the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 14 PY 2016 VL 4208 IS 1 BP 61 EP 76 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4208.1.3 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EE6UI UT WOS:000389747800003 ER PT J AU Cuffey, KM Clow, GD Steig, EJ Buizert, C Fudge, TJ Koutnik, M Waddington, ED Alley, RB Severinghaus, JP AF Cuffey, Kurt M. Clow, Gary D. Steig, Eric J. Buizert, Christo Fudge, T. J. Koutnik, Michelle Waddington, Edwin D. Alley, Richard B. Severinghaus, Jeffrey P. TI Deglacial temperature history of West Antarctica SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE climate; paleoclimate; Antarctica; glaciology; temperature ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; CORE WD2014 CHRONOLOGY; HEINRICH STADIAL 1; ICE-SHEET; CLIMATE SENSITIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; NEW-ZEALAND; POLAR FIRN; MODEL AB The most recent glacial to interglacial transition constitutes a remarkable natural experiment for learning how Earth's climate responds to various forcings, including a rise in atmospheric CO2. This transition has left a direct thermal remnant in the polar ice sheets, where the exceptional purity and continual accumulation of ice permit analyses not possible in other settings. For Antarctica, the deglacial warming has previously been constrained only by the water isotopic composition in ice cores, without an absolute thermometric assessment of the isotopes' sensitivity to temperature. To overcome this limitation, we measured temperatures in a deep borehole and analyzed them together with ice-core data to reconstruct the surface temperature history of West Antarctica. The deglacial warming was 11.3 +/- 1.8 degrees C, approximately two to three times the global average, in agreement with theoretical expectations for Antarctic amplification of planetary temperature changes. Consistent with evidence from glacier retreat in Southern Hemisphere mountain ranges, the Antarctic warming was mostly completed by 15 kyBP, several millennia earlier than in the Northern Hemisphere. These results constrain the role of variable oceanic heat transport between hemispheres during deglaciation and quantitatively bound the direct influence of global climate forcings on Antarctic temperature. Although climate models perform well on average in this context, some recent syntheses of deglacial climate history have underestimated Antarctic warming and the models with lowest sensitivity can be discounted. C1 [Cuffey, Kurt M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Clow, Gary D.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Steig, Eric J.; Fudge, T. J.; Koutnik, Michelle; Waddington, Edwin D.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Buizert, Christo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Cuffey, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kcuffey@berkeley.edu OI Severinghaus, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8883-3119 FU US National Science Foundation Grants [0539232, 0537661, 0537930, 1043092, 1043518, 0944199, 0944197, 0440666, 0539578, 1043528, 1338832, 0538657]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant [NNX12AB74G]; Martin Family Foundation; USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate and Global Change Fellowships FX We are deeply indebted to many participants in the WDC project and especially thank K. Taylor, E. J. Brook, and J. W. C. White. The helpful comments of two anonymous referees are gratefully acknowledged. This work is funded through the US National Science Foundation Grants 0539232, 0537661 (to K.M.C.), 0537930, 1043092 (to E.J.S.), 1043518 (to C.B.), 0944199, 0944197, 0440666 (to E.D.W.), 0539578, 1043528, 1338832 (to R.B.A.), and 0538657 (to J.P.S.) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NNX12AB74G (to M.K.). We gratefully acknowledge additional support from the Martin Family Foundation (K.M.C.), the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program (G.D.C.), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate and Global Change Fellowships (C.B.). NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 13 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 50 BP 14249 EP 14254 DI 10.1073/pnas.1609132113 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EE6CQ UT WOS:000389696700043 PM 27911783 ER PT J AU Gsell, AS Scharfenberger, U Ozkundakci, D Walters, A Hansson, LA Janssen, ABG Noges, P Reid, PC Schindler, DE Van Donk, E Dakos, V Adrian, R AF Gsell, Alena Sonia Scharfenberger, Ulrike Ozkundakci, Deniz Walters, Annika Hansson, Lars-Anders Janssen, Annette B. G. Noges, Peeter Reid, Philip C. Schindler, Daniel E. Van Donk, Ellen Dakos, Vasilis Adrian, Rita TI Evaluating early-warning indicators of critical transitions in natural aquatic ecosystems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE competition; intraguild predation; trophic cascade; time series; resilience indicators ID ALTERNATIVE STABLE STATES; LONG-TERM RESPONSE; REGIME SHIFTS; SHALLOW LAKES; POPULATION COLLAPSE; ECOLOGICAL THEORY; TIME-SERIES; FOOD-WEB; RESILIENCE; CLIMATE AB Ecosystems can show sudden and persistent changes in state despite only incremental changes in drivers. Such critical transitions are difficult to predict, because the state of the system often shows little change before the transition. Early-warning indicators (EWIs) are hypothesized to signal the loss of system resilience and have been shown to precede critical transitions in theoretical models, paleo-climate time series, and in laboratory as well as whole lake experiments. The generalizability of EWIs for detecting critical transitions in empirical time series of natural aquatic ecosystems remains largely untested, however. Here we assessed four commonly used EWIs on long-term datasets of five freshwater ecosystems that have experienced sudden, persistent transitions and for which the relevant ecological mechanisms and drivers are well understood. These case studies were categorized by three mechanisms that can generate critical transitions between alternative states: competition, trophic cascade, and intraguild predation. Although EWIs could be detected in most of the case studies, agreement among the four indicators was low. In some cases, EWIs were detected considerably ahead of the transition. Nonetheless, our results show that at present, EWIs do not provide reliable and consistent signals of impending critical transitions despite using some of the best routinely monitored freshwater ecosystems. Our analysis strongly suggests that a priori knowledge of the underlying mechanisms driving ecosystem transitions is necessary to identify relevant state variables for successfully monitoring EWIs. C1 [Gsell, Alena Sonia; Scharfenberger, Ulrike; Adrian, Rita] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Ecosyst Res, D-12587 Berlin, Germany. [Gsell, Alena Sonia; Janssen, Annette B. G.; Van Donk, Ellen] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Aquat Ecol, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Scharfenberger, Ulrike; Adrian, Rita] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Biol Chem & Pharm, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Ozkundakci, Deniz] Waikato Reg Council, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand. [Walters, Annika] US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Hansson, Lars-Anders] Lund Univ, Dept Biol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Janssen, Annette B. G.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Aquat Ecol & Water Qual Management, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Noges, Peeter] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Ctr Limnol, EE-61117 Tartumaa, Estonia. [Reid, Philip C.] Sir Alister Hardy Fdn Ocean Sci, Lab, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England. [Reid, Philip C.] Univ Plymouth, Marine Inst, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Reid, Philip C.] Marine Biol Assoc UK, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England. [Schindler, Daniel E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dakos, Vasilis] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Adaptat Changing Environm, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Gsell, AS (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Ecosyst Res, D-12587 Berlin, Germany.; Gsell, AS (reprint author), Netherlands Inst Ecol, Aquat Ecol, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. EM a.gsell@nioo.knaw.nl RI van Donk, Ellen/B-7272-2008; Scharfenberger, Ulrike/B-7907-2017; OI van Donk, Ellen/0000-0003-3279-4936; Gsell, Alena/0000-0001-7795-1996; KNAW, NIOO-KNAW/0000-0002-3835-159X FU European Union project LIMNOTIP [01LC1207A]; LakeShift (DFG); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [842.00.009]; Netherlands Science Foundation; European Union Marie Curie Grant; ACE Fellowship from ETH Zurich FX We thank Bryan Spears, Francis Daunt, Sarah Burthe, Silke Schmidt, Erik Jeppesen, Brian Moss, and the members of LIMNOTIP for valuable discussions. We also thank the anonymous reviewers and the subject editor for their constructive and positive comments, which helped improve the manuscript considerably. We acknowledge Rijkswaterstaat as the source of the Lake Veluwemeer dataset, and thank the Federal Ministry of Education and Research for administrative support. A.S.G., R.A., and L.A.H. were supported by the European Union project LIMNOTIP funded under the FP7 ERA-Net Scheme (Biodiversa, Grant 01LC1207A) and LakeShift (DFG). A.B.G.J. was funded by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (Project 842.00.009). V.D. was supported by a Rubicon Fellowship from The Netherlands Science Foundation, a European Union Marie Curie Grant, and an ACE Fellowship from ETH Zurich. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 13 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 50 BP E8089 EP E8095 DI 10.1073/pnas.1608242113 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EE6CQ UT WOS:000389696700011 PM 27911776 ER PT J AU Herring, G Eagles-Smith, CA Wagner, MT AF Herring, Garth Eagles-Smith, Collin A. Wagner, Mason T. TI Ground Squirrel Shooting and Potential Lead Exposure in Breeding Avian Scavengers SO PLoS One LA English DT Article ID COEUR-DALENE RIVER; RED-TAILED HAWKS; BULLET FRAGMENTS; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT; DIETARY EXPOSURE; FISHING TACKLE; GOLDEN EAGLES; RIFLE BULLETS; PRAIRIE DOGS; PB EXPOSURE AB Recreational ground squirrel shooting is a popular activity throughout the western United States and serves as a tool for managing ground squirrel populations in agricultural regions. Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi) are routinely shot in California, Nevada, and Oregon across habitats that overlap with breeding avian scavengers. Ground squirrels shot with lead (Pb)-based bullets may pose a risk to avian scavengers if they consume carcasses containing Pb fragments. To assess the potential risk to breeding avian scavengers we developed a model to estimate the number, mass, and distribution of Pb fragments in shot ground squirrels using radiographic images. Eighty percent of shot carcasses contained detectible Pb fragments with an average of 38.6 mg of Pb fragments. Seven percent of all carcasses contained Pb fragment masses exceeding a lethal dose for a model raptor nestling (e.g. American kestrel Falco sparverius). Bullet type did not influence the number of fragments in shot ground squirrels, but did influence the mass of fragments retained. Belding's ground squirrels shot with .17 Super Mag and unknown ammunition types contained over 28 and 17 times more mass of Pb fragments than those shot with .22 solid and .22 hollow point bullets, respectively. Ground squirrel body mass was positively correlated with both the number and mass of Pb fragments in carcasses, increasing on average by 76% and 56% respectively across the range of carcass masses. Although the mass of Pb retained in ground squirrel carcasses was small relative to the original bullet mass, avian scavenger nestlings that frequently consume shot ground squirrels may be at risk for Pb-induced effects (e.g., physiology, growth, or survival). Using modeling efforts we found that if nestling golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), and Swainson's hawks (B. swainsoni) consumed shot ground squirrels proportionately to the nestling's mass, energy needs, and diet, 100% of the nestling period would exceed a 50% reduction in delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase production threshold, the last 13-27% of the nestling stage would exceed a reduced growth rate threshold, but no nestlings would be expected to exceed a level of Pb ingestion that would be lethal. C1 [Herring, Garth; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Wagner, Mason T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Herring, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM gherring@usgs.gov FU Western Golden Eagle Conservation Strategy; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [4500063135]; U.S. Geological Survey (Ecosystems Mission Area and Contaminant Biology Program) FX This research was funded by the Western Golden Eagle Conservation Strategy, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Grant number: 4500063135, Grantee: CAE), and U.S. Geological Survey (Ecosystems Mission Area and Contaminant Biology Program). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 12 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 12 AR e0167926 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0167926 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EI8HA UT WOS:000392745600039 PM 27942006 ER PT J AU Tomasek, I Horwell, CJ Damby, DE Barosova, H Geers, C Petri-Fink, A Rothen-Rutishauser, B Clift, MJD AF Tomasek, Ines Horwell, Claire J. Damby, David E. Barosova, Hana Geers, Christoph Petri-Fink, Alke Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara Clift, Martin J. D. TI Combined exposure of diesel exhaust particles and respirable Soufriere Hills volcanic ash causes a (pro-)inflammatory response in an in vitro multicellular epithelial tissue barrier model SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Volcanic ash; Diesel exhaust particles; In vitro; Particle co-exposures; Multicellular Human Epithelial Tissue Barrier System; Air-liquid Interface Exposures; (pro-)inflammatory cytokines/chemokines ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; HEALTH-HAZARDS; CELL EXPOSURE; MONTSERRAT; LUNG; TOXICITY; CRISTOBALITE AB Background: There are justifiable health concerns regarding the potential adverse effects associated with human exposure to volcanic ash (VA) particles, especially when considering communities living in urban areas already exposed to heightened air pollution. The aim of this study was, therefore, to gain an imperative, first understanding of the biological impacts of respirable VA when exposed concomitantly with diesel particles. Methods: A sophisticated in vitro 3D triple cell co-culture model of the human alveolar epithelial tissue barrier was exposed to either a single or repeated dose of dry respirable VA (deposited dose of 0.26 +/- 0.09 or 0.89 +/- 0.29 mu g/cm(2), respectively) from Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat for a period of 24 h at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Subsequently, co-cultures were exposed to co-exposures of single or repeated VA and diesel exhaust particles (DEP; NIST SRM 2975; 0.02 mg/mL), a model urban pollutant, at the pseudo-ALI. The biological impact of each individual particle type was also analysed under these precise scenarios. The cytotoxic (LDH release), oxidative stress (depletion of intracellular GSH) and (pro-)inflammatory (TNF-alpha, IL-8 and IL-1 beta) responses were assessed after the particulate exposures. The impact of VA exposure upon cell morphology, as well as its interaction with the multicellular model, was visualised via confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Results: The combination of respirable VA and DEP, in all scenarios, incited an heightened release of TNF-alpha and IL-8 as well as significant increases in IL-1 beta, when applied at sub-lethal doses to the co-culture compared to VA exposure alone. Notably, the augmented (pro-)inflammatory responses observed were not mediated by oxidative stress. LSM supported the quantitative assessment of cytotoxicity, with no changes in cell morphology within the barrier model evident. A direct interaction of the VA with all three cell types of the multicellular system was observed by SEM. Conclusions: Combined exposure of respirable Soufriere Hills VA with DEP causes a (pro-)inflammatory effect in an advanced in vitro multicellular model of the epithelial airway barrier. This finding suggests that the combined exposure to volcanic and urban particulate matter should be further investigated in order to deduce the potential human health hazard, especially how it may influence the respiratory function of susceptible individuals (i.e. with pre-existing lung diseases) in the population. C1 [Tomasek, Ines; Horwell, Claire J.] Univ Durham, Inst Hazard Risk & Resilience, Dept Earth Sci, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Tomasek, Ines; Barosova, Hana; Geers, Christoph; Petri-Fink, Alke; Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara; Clift, Martin J. D.] Univ Fribourg, Adolphe Merkle Inst, BioNanomat, Chemin Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. [Damby, David E.] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Sect Mineral Petrol & Geochem, Theresienstr 41, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Clift, Martin J. D.] Swansea Univ, Sch Med, Inst Life Sci, Vitro Toxicol Grp, Singleton Pk Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Petri-Fink, Alke] Univ Fribourg, Dept Chem, Chemin Musee, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. [Damby, David E.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Tomasek, I (reprint author), Univ Durham, Inst Hazard Risk & Resilience, Dept Earth Sci, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England.; Tomasek, I; Clift, MJD (reprint author), Univ Fribourg, Adolphe Merkle Inst, BioNanomat, Chemin Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.; Clift, MJD (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Sch Med, Inst Life Sci, Vitro Toxicol Grp, Singleton Pk Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. EM ines.tomasek@durham.ac.uk; m.j.d.clift@swansea.ac.uk FU VERTIGO Marie Curie Initial Training Network (ITN) through the European Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [607905]; Swiss National Science Foundation [310030_159847/1]; Adolphe Merkle Foundation; AXA Research Grant "Risk from volcanic ash in the Earth system"; ERC [247076] FX IT is financially supported by the VERTIGO Marie Curie Initial Training Network (ITN), funded through the European Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under Grant Agreement number 607905. The authors would also like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant No. 310030_159847/1) as well as the Adolphe Merkle Foundation for additional financial support. DED was supported by the AXA Research Grant "Risk from volcanic ash in the Earth system" and ERC Advanced Investigator Grant No. 247076 (EVOKES). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD DEC 12 PY 2016 VL 13 AR 67 DI 10.1186/s12989-016-0178-9 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA EE7GH UT WOS:000389783400001 PM 27955700 ER PT J AU Goring, SJ Mladenoff, DJ Cogbill, CV Record, S Paciorek, CJ Jackson, ST Dietze, MC Dawson, A Matthes, JH McLachlan, JS Williams, JW AF Goring, Simon J. Mladenoff, David J. Cogbill, Charles V. Record, Sydne Paciorek, Christopher J. Jackson, Stephen T. Dietze, Michael C. Dawson, Andria Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala McLachlan, Jason S. Williams, John W. TI Novel and Lost Forests in the Upper Midwestern United States, from New Estimates of Settlement-Era Composition, Stem Density, and Biomass SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LAND SURVEY RECORDS; LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION; GREAT-LAKES FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANCIENT FORESTS; PRESETTLEMENT VEGETATION; CHANGING CLIMATE; HARDWOOD FOREST; NEW-ENGLAND; BIG WOODS AB Background EuroAmerican land-use and its legacies have transformed forest structure and composition across the United States (US). More accurate reconstructions of historical states are critical to understanding the processes governing past, current, and future forest dynamics. Here we present new gridded (8x8km) reconstructions of pre-settlement (1800s) forest composition and structure from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michigan), using 19th Century Public Land Survey System (PLSS), with estimates of relative composition, above-ground biomass, stem density, and basal area for 28 tree types. This mapping is more robust than past efforts, using spatially varying correction factors to accommodate sampling design, azimuthal censoring, and biases in tree selection. Changes in Forest Structure We compare pre-settlement to modern forests using US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to show the prevalence of lost forests (pre-settlement forests with no current analog), and novel forests (modern forests with no past analogs). Differences between pre-settlement and modern forests are spatially structured owing to differences in land-use impacts and accompanying ecological responses. Modern forests are more homogeneous, and ecotonal gradients are more diffuse today than in the past. Novel forest assemblages represent 28% of all FIA cells, and 28% of pre-settlement forests no longer exist in a modern context. Lost forests include tamarack forests in northeastern Minnesota, hemlock and cedar dominated forests in north-central Wisconsin and along the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and elm, oak, basswood and ironwood forests along the forest-prairie boundary in south central Minnesota and eastern Wisconsin. Novel FIA forest assemblages are distributed evenly across the region, but novelty shows a strong relationship to spatial distance from remnant forests in the upper Midwest, with novelty predicted at between 20 to 60km from remnants, depending on historical forest type. The spatial relationships between remnant and novel forests, shifts in ecotone structure and the loss of historic forest types point to significant challenges for land managers if landscape restoration is a priority. The spatial signals of novelty and ecological change also point to potential challenges in using modern spatial distributions of species and communities and their relationship to underlying geophysical and climatic attributes in understanding potential responses to changing climate. The signal of human settlement on modern forests is broad, spatially varying and acts to homogenize modern forests relative to their historic counterparts, with significant implications for future management. C1 [Goring, Simon J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mladenoff, David J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA. [Cogbill, Charles V.; Record, Sydne] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA USA. [Record, Sydne] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Paciorek, Christopher J.; Dawson, Andria] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Dietze, Michael C.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [McLachlan, Jason S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI USA. RP Goring, SJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM goring@wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation PaIEON MacroSystems Biology [DEB-1065702, DEB-1065656, DEB-1065848, DEB-1065732] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation PaIEON MacroSystems Biology under grant nos. DEB-1065702 (JSM, CJP, AD), DEB-1065656 (SJG, JWW), DEB-1065848 (MCD, JHM), DEB-1065732 (STJ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 118 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 9 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 12 AR e0151935 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0151935 PG 34 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EE4PU UT WOS:000389587100001 PM 27935944 ER PT J AU Lisle, JT Robbins, LL AF Lisle, John T. Robbins, Lisa L. TI Viral Lysis of Photosynthesizing Microbes As a Mechanism for Calcium Carbonate Nucleation in Seawater SO Frontiers in Microbiology LA English DT Article DE homogeneous nucleation; viruses; photosynthetic microorganisms; calcium carbonate ID BAHAMA BANK; INORGANIC CARBON; PRECIPITATION; WHITINGS; CACO3; KINETICS; ORIGIN; CO2; CRYSTALLIZATION; SYNECHOCOCCUS AB Removal of carbon through the precipitation and burial of calcium carbonate in marine sediments constitutes over 70% of the total carbon on Earth and is partitioned between coastal and pelagic zones. The precipitation of authigenic calcium carbonate in seawater, however, has been hotly debated because despite being in a supersaturated state, there is an absence of persistent precipitation. One of the explanations for this paradox is the geochemical conditions in seawater cannot overcome the activation energy barrier for the first step in any precipitation reaction; nucleation. Here we show that virally induced rupturing of photosynthetic cyanobacterial cells releases cytoplasmic-associated bicarbonate at concentrations 23-fold greater than in the surrounding seawater, thereby shifting the carbonate chemistry toward the homogenous nucleation of one or more of the calcium carbonate polymorphs. Using geochemical reaction energetics, we show the saturation states (Omega) in typical seawater for calcite (Omega = 4.3), aragonite (Omega = 3.1), and vaterite (Omega = 1.2) are significantly elevated following the release and diffusion of the cytoplasmic bicarbonate (Omega(calcite) = 95.7; Omega(aragonite) = 68.5; Omega(vaterite) = 25.9). These increases in Omega significantly reduce the activation energy for nuclei formation thresholds for all three polymorphs, but only vaterite nucleation is energetically favored. In the post-lysis seawater, vaterite's nuclei formation activation energy is significantly reduced from 1.85 x 10-(17) J to 3.85 x 10(-20) J. which increases the nuclei formation rate from highly improbable (< < 1.0 nuclei cm(-3) s(-1)) to instantaneous (8.60 x 10(25) nuclei cm(-3) s(-1)). The proposed model for homogenous nucleation of calcium carbonate in seawater describes a mechanism through which the initial step in the production of carbonate sediments may proceed. It also presents an additional role of photosynthesizing microbes and their viruses in marine carbon cycles and reveals these microorganisms are a collective repository for concentrated and reactive dissolved inorganic carbon (DIG) that is currently not accounted for in global carbon budgets and carbonate sediment diagenesis models. C1 [Lisle, John T.; Robbins, Lisa L.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Lisle, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM jlisle@usgs.gov FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program FX We acknowledge support provided by USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD DEC 9 PY 2016 VL 7 AR 1958 DI 10.3389/finicb.2016.01958 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EE4BS UT WOS:000389547300001 PM 28018300 ER PT J AU Runkel, RL Kimball, BA Nimick, DA Walton-Day, K AF Runkel, Robert L. Kimball, Briant A. Nimick, David A. Walton-Day, Katherine TI Effects of Flow Regime on Metal Concentrations and the Attainment of Water Quality Standards in a Remediated Stream Reach, Butte, Montana SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLARK-FORK RIVER; ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; IMPACTED RIVER; TRACE-METALS; CREEK; SEDIMENTS; COLORADO; BIOAVAILABILITY; SUPERFUND; TOXICITY AB Low-flow synoptic sampling campaigns are often used as the primary tool to characterize watersheds affected by mining. Although such campaigns are an invaluable part of site characterization, investigations which focus solely on low-flow conditions may yield misleading results. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate this point and elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the release of metals during rainfall runoff This objective is addressed using data from diel and synoptic sampling campaigns conducted over a two-day period. Low-flow synoptic sampling results indicate that concentrations of most constituents meet aquatic standards. This finding is in contrast to findings from a diel sampling campaign that captured dramatic increases in concentrations during rainfall runoff. Concentrations during the rising limb of the hydrograph were 2-23 times concentrations observed during synoptic sampling (most increases were >10-fold), remaining elevated during the receding limb of the hydrograph to produce a clockwise hysteresis loop. Hydrologic mechanisms responsible for the release of metals include increased transport due to resuspension of streambed solids, erosion of alluvial tailings, and overland flow. Rainfall also elevated the alluvial groundwater table and increased infiltration through the vadose zone, likely resulting in dissolution from alluvial tailings that were dry prior to the event. C1 [Runkel, Robert L.] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E127, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Kimball, Briant A.] US Geol Survey, 2329 W Orton Circle, West Valley City, UT 84119 USA. [Nimick, David A.] US Geol Survey, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Walton-Day, Katherine] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Runkel, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E127, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM runkel@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey's Toxic Substances Hydrology Program FX This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Logistical support and field/laboratory assistance was provided by Laurie Balistrieri, Chris Gammons, Joe Griffin, Joe Mills, Joe Naughton, Steve Parker, Kim Schierenbeck, Alan Shiller, Sara Sparks, Judy Steiger, and Nick Tucci. Helpful review comments were provided by Curt Coover, Kent Whiting, and two anonymous reviewers. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 6 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 23 BP 12641 EP 12649 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b03190 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE4FG UT WOS:000389557100014 PM 27934261 ER PT J AU Zhang, LM Wu, ZY Cheng, I Wright, LP Olson, ML Gay, DA Risch, MR Brooks, S Castro, MS Conley, GD Edgerton, ES Holsen, TM Luke, W Tordon, R Weiss-Penzias, P AF Zhang, Leiming Wu, Zhiyong Cheng, Irene Wright, L. Paige Olson, Mark L. Gay, David A. Risch, Martin R. Brooks, Steven Castro, Mark S. Conley, Gary D. Edgerton, Eric S. Holsen, Thomas M. Luke, Winston Tordon, Robert Weiss-Penzias, Peter TI The Estimated Six-Year Mercury Dry Deposition Across North America SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; PARTICULATE MERCURY; NATURAL SOURCES; UNITED-STATES; NETWORK; MARINE; MODELS; LITTERFALL; EASTERN; CANADA AB Dry deposition of atmospheric mercury (Hg) to various land covers surrounding 24 sites in North America was estimated for the years 2009 to 2014. Depending on location, multiyear mean annual Hg dry deposition was estimated to range from 5.1 to 23.8 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) to forested canopies, 2.6 to 20.8 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) to nonforest vegetated canopies, 2.4 to 11.2 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) to urban and built up land covers, and 1.0 to 3.2 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) to water surfaces. In the rural or remote environment in North America, annual Hg dry deposition to vegetated surfaces is dominated by leaf uptake of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), contrary to what was commonly assumed in earlier studies which frequently omitted GEM dry deposition as an important process. Dry deposition exceeded wet deposition by a large margin in all of the seasons except in the summer at the majority of the sites. GEM dry deposition over vegetated surfaces will not decrease at the same pace, and sometimes may even increase with decreasing anthropogenic emissions, suggesting that Hg emission reductions should be a long-term policy sustained by global cooperation. C1 [Zhang, Leiming; Wu, Zhiyong; Cheng, Irene] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Olson, Mark L.; Gay, David A.] Univ Illinois, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Champaign, IL 61801 USA. [Risch, Martin R.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA. [Brooks, Steven] Univ Tennessee, Inst Space, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. [Castro, Mark S.] Univ Maryland, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Conley, Gary D.] GreenReach LLC, Glouster, OH 45732 USA. [Edgerton, Eric S.] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Holsen, Thomas M.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Luke, Winston] NOAA Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Tordon, Robert] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Weiss-Penzias, Peter] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Zhang, LM (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM leiming.zhang@canada.ca RI Castro, Mark/J-6529-2015 OI Castro, Mark/0000-0002-4279-8204 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 6 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 23 BP 12864 EP 12873 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b04276 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE4FG UT WOS:000389557100039 PM 27934281 ER PT J AU Hebert, CE Popp, BN Fernie, KJ Ka'apu-Lyons, C Rattner, BA Wallsgrove, N AF Hebert, C. E. Popp, B. N. Fernie, K. J. Ka'apu-Lyons, C. Rattner, B. A. Wallsgrove, N. TI Amino Acid Specific Stable Nitrogen Isotope Values in Avian Tissues: Insights from Captive American Kestrels and Wild Herring Gulls SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD-WEB STRUCTURE; TROPHIC POSITION; CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HAIR PROTEIN; FATTY-ACIDS; EGGS; MERCURY; TRENDS; FISH AB Through laboratory and field studies, the utility of amino acid compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis (AA-CSIA) in avian studies is investigated. Captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were fed an isotopically characterized diet and patterns in delta N-15 values of amino acids (AAs) were compared to those in their tissues (muscle and red blood cells) and food. Based upon nitrogen isotope discrimination between diet and kestrel tissues, AAs could mostly be categorized as source AAs (retaining baseline delta N-15 values) and trophic AAs (showing N-15 enrichment). Trophic discrimination factors based upon the source (phenylalanine, Phe) and trophic (glutamic acid, Glu) AAs were 4.1 (muscle) and 5.4 (red blood cells), lower than those reported for metazoan invertebrates. In a field study involving omnivorous herring gulls (Larus argentatus smithsonianus), egg AA isotopic patterns largely retained those observed in the laying female's tissues (muscle, red blood cells, and liver). Realistic estimates of gull trophic position were obtained using bird Glu and Phe delta N-15 values combined with beta values (difference in Glu and Phe delta N-15 in primary producers) for aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Egg fatty acids were used to weight beta values for proportions of aquatic and terrestrial food in gull diets. This novel approach can be applied to generalist species that feed across ecosystem boundaries. C1 [Hebert, C. E.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. [Popp, B. N.; Ka'apu-Lyons, C.; Wallsgrove, N.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Fernie, K. J.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Canada Ctr Inland Waters, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Rattner, B. A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hebert, CE (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. EM craig.hebert@canada.ca NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 6 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 23 BP 12928 EP 12937 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b04407 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE4FG UT WOS:000389557100046 PM 27786442 ER PT J AU Garner, TWJ Schmidt, BR Martel, A Pasmans, F Muths, E Cunningham, AA Weldon, C Fisher, MC Bosch, J AF Garner, Trenton W. J. Schmidt, Benedikt R. Martel, An Pasmans, Frank Muths, Erin Cunningham, Andrew A. Weldon, Che Fisher, Matthew C. Bosch, Jaime TI Mitigating amphibian chytridiomycoses in nature SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE chytridiomycosis; mitigation; conservation strategy ID PATHOGEN BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; XENOPUS-LAEVIS TADPOLES; CHYTRID FUNGUS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; INFECTION DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL RATE; DISEASE; POPULATIONS; CONSERVATION; FROGS AB Amphibians across the planet face the threat of population decline and extirpation caused by the disease chytridiomycosis. Despite consensus that the fungal pathogens responsible for the disease are conservation issues, strategies to mitigate their impacts in the natural world are, at best, nascent. Reducing risk associated with the movement of amphibians, non-amphibian vectors and other sources of infection remains the first line of defence and a primary objective when mitigating the threat of disease in wildlife. Amphibian-associated chytridiomycete fungi and chytridiomycosis are already widespread, though, and we therefore focus on discussing options for mitigating the threats once disease emergence has occurred in wild amphibian populations. All strategies have shortcomings that need to be overcome before implementation, including stronger efforts towards understanding and addressing ethical and legal considerations. Even if these issues can be dealt with, all currently available approaches, or those under discussion, are unlikely to yield the desired conservation outcome of disease mitigation. The decision process for establishing mitigation strategies requires integrated thinking that assesses disease mitigation options critically and embeds them within more comprehensive strategies for the conservation of amphibian populations, communities and ecosystems. This article is part of the themed issue 'Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience'. C1 [Garner, Trenton W. J.; Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England. [Garner, Trenton W. J.; Weldon, Che] North West Univ, Unit Environm Res & Management, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Schmidt, Benedikt R.] Karch, Passage Maximilien de Meuron 6, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Schmidt, Benedikt R.] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Martel, An; Pasmans, Frank] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Pathol Bacteriol & Avian Dis, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. [Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ft Collins, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Fisher, Matthew C.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Bosch, Jaime] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Garner, TWJ (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.; Garner, TWJ (reprint author), North West Univ, Unit Environm Res & Management, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. EM trent.garner@ioz.ac.uk RI Schmidt, Benedikt/B-8491-2008; Garner, Trenton/D-6873-2011; OI Schmidt, Benedikt/0000-0002-4023-1001; Fisher, Matthew/0000-0002-1862-6402 FU NERC [NE/K012509/1, NE/N009967/1]; Morris Animal Foundation [D12ZO-002]; BBVA Foundation FX T.W.J.G. acknowledges generous funding provided by NERC (NE/K012509/1 and NE/N009967/1) and the Morris Animal Foundation (D12ZO-002) and thanks the Royal Society for hosting for the presentation that this manuscript was preliminarily based on. J.B. acknowledges generous funding from the BBVA Foundation. NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 47 U2 47 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 5 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1709 AR 20160207 DI 10.1098/rstb.2016.0207 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA ED5WQ UT WOS:000388923900017 ER PT J AU Lorch, JM Knowles, S Lankton, JS Michell, K Edwards, JL Kapfer, JM Staffen, RA Wild, ER Schmidt, KZ Ballmann, AE Blodgett, D Farrell, TM Glorioso, BM Last, LA Price, SJ Schuler, KL Smith, CE Wellehan, JFX Blehert, DS AF Lorch, Jeffrey M. Knowles, Susan Lankton, Julia S. Michell, Kathy Edwards, Jaime L. Kapfer, Joshua M. Staffen, Richard A. Wild, Erik R. Schmidt, Katie Z. Ballmann, Anne E. Blodgett, Doug Farrell, Terence M. Glorioso, Brad M. Last, Lisa A. Price, Steven J. Schuler, Krysten L. Smith, Christopher E. Wellehan, James F. X., Jr. Blehert, David S. TI Snake fungal disease: an emerging threat to wild snakes SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE dermatitis; emerging disease; fungal infection; North America; Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola; snake ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; OPHIDIOMYCES-OPHIODIICOLA; CROTALUS-HORRIDUS; TIMBER RATTLESNAKES; MYCOTIC DERMATITIS; POPULATION; INFECTION; THAMNOPHIS; MORTALITY; PATHOGENS AB Since 2006, there has been a marked increase in the number of reports of severe and often fatal fungal skin infections in wild snakes in the eastern USA. The emerging condition, referred to as snake fungal disease (SFD), was initially documented in rattlesnakes, where the infections were believed to pose a risk to the viability of affected populations. The disease is caused by Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, a fungus recently split from a complex of fungi long referred to as the Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV). Here we review the current state of knowledge about O. ophiodiicola and SFD. In addition, we provide original findings which demonstrate that O. ophiodiicola is widely distributed in eastern North America, has a broad host range, is the predominant cause of fungal skin infections in wild snakes and often causes mild infections in snakes emerging from hibernation. This new information, together with what is already available in the scientific literature, advances our knowledge of the cause, pathogenesis and ecology of SFD. However, additional research is necessary to elucidate the factors driving the emergence of this disease and develop strategies to mitigate its impacts. This article is part of the themed issue 'Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience'. C1 [Lorch, Jeffrey M.; Knowles, Susan; Lankton, Julia S.; Schmidt, Katie Z.; Ballmann, Anne E.; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Michell, Kathy] New York Ctr Turtle Rehabil & Conservat Inc, Narrowburg, NY 12764 USA. [Edwards, Jaime L.; Smith, Christopher E.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Nongame Wildlife Program, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. [Kapfer, Joshua M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA. [Staffen, Richard A.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA. [Wild, Erik R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Blodgett, Doug] Vermont Fish & Wildlife Dept, Rutland, VT 05701 USA. [Farrell, Terence M.] Stetson Univ, Dept Biol, Deland, FL 32723 USA. [Glorioso, Brad M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Last, Lisa A.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Price, Steven J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Schuler, Krysten L.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Anim Hlth Diagnost Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wellehan, James F. X., Jr.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Lorch, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM jlorch@usgs.gov FU US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources-Endangered Resources Fund FX This work was funded by the US Geological Survey, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources-Endangered Resources Fund. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 32 U2 32 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 5 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1709 AR 20150457 DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0457 PG 8 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA ED5WQ UT WOS:000388923900004 ER PT J AU Endelin, EM Hamilton, GS O'Neel, S Bartholomaus, TC Morlighem, M Holt, JW AF Endelin, Ellyn M. Hamilton, Gordon S. O'Neel, Shad Bartholomaus, Timothy C. Morlighem, Mathieu Holt, John W. TI An Empirical Approach for Estimating Stress-Coupling Lengths for Marine-Terminating Glaciers SO FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE marine-terminating glaciers; force balance; stress-coupling; Columbia Glacier; Helheim Glacier; glacier dynamics ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; COLUMBIA GLACIER; FORCE BUDGET; BYRD GLACIER; ALASKA; FLOW; ANTARCTICA; THICKNESS; VELOCITIES; INVERSION AB Despite an increase in the abundance and resolution of observations, variability in the dynamic behavior of marine-terminating glaciers remains poorly understood. When paired with ice thicknesses, surface velocities can be used to quantify the dynamic redistribution of stresses in response to environmental perturbations through computation of the glacier force balance. However, because the force balance is not purely local, force balance calculations must be performed at the spatial scale over which stresses are transferred within glacier ice, or the stress-coupling length (SCL). Here we present a new empirical method to estimate the SCL for marine-terminating glaciers using high-resolution observations. We use the empirically-determined periodicity in resistive stress oscillations as a proxy for the SCL. Application of our empirical method to two well-studied tidewater glaciers (Helheim Glacier, SE Greenland, and Columbia Glacier, Alaska, USA) demonstrates that SCL estimates obtained using this approach are consistent with theory (i.e., can be parameterized as a function of the ice thickness) and with prior, independent SCL estimates. In order to accurately resolve stress variations, we suggest that similar empirical stress-coupling parameterizations be employed in future analyses of glacier dynamics. C1 [Endelin, Ellyn M.; Hamilton, Gordon S.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Endelin, Ellyn M.; Hamilton, Gordon S.] Univ Maine, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [O'Neel, Shad] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bartholomaus, Timothy C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Morlighem, Mathieu] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Holt, John W.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX USA. RP Endelin, EM (reprint author), Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA.; Endelin, EM (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM ellyn.enderlin@gmail.com RI Morlighem, Mathieu/O-9942-2014 OI Morlighem, Mathieu/0000-0001-5219-1310 FU NASA [NNX14AH83G] FX This work was supported by NASA award NNX14AH83G to EE, SO, and GH. WorldView images were distributed by the Polar Geospatial Center at the University of Minnesota (http://www.pgs.umn.edu/imagery/satellite) as part of an agreement between the US National Science Foundation and the US National Geospatial Intelligence Agency Commercial Imagery Program. DEMs were generated from WorldView images using supercomputing resources provided by the University of Maine Advanced Computing Group. The DEMs, Columbia bed elevation map and filtered radar profiles, and Matlab code used to extract the SCL estimates are archived on the Maine DataVerse Network (http://dataverse.acg.maine.edu/dvn/dv/eep). TSX terminus positions for Helheim Glacier were provided by Twila Moon. We thank David Bahr and Jason Amundson for providing feedback on the methods and Evan Burgess for his help with the initial stages of data processing. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agencies. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2296-6463 J9 FRONT EARTH SCI JI Front. Earth Sci. PD DEC 2 PY 2016 VL 4 AR UNSP 104 DI 10.3389/feart.2016.00104 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EK0HZ UT WOS:000393608700001 ER PT J AU Storey, J Roy, DP Masek, J Gascon, F Dwyer, J Choate, M AF Storey, James Roy, David P. Masek, Jeffrey Gascon, Ferran Dwyer, John Choate, Michael TI A note on the temporary misregistration of Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument (MSI) imagery SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat; Sentinel-2; Image registration ID MISSION AB The Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 sensors provide multi-spectral image data with similar spectral and spatial characteristics that together provide improved temporal coverage globally. Both systems are designed to register Level 1 products to a reference image framework, however, the Landsat-8 framework, based upon the Global Land Survey images, contains residual geolocation errors leading to an expected sensor-to-sensor misregistration of 38 m (24 These misalignments vary geographically but should be stable for a given area. The Landsat framework will be readjusted for consistency with the Sentinel-2 Global Reference Image, with completion expected in 2018. In the interim, users can measure Landsat-to-Sentinel tie points to quantify the misalignment in their area of interest and if appropriate to reproject the data to better alignment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Storey, James; Choate, Michael] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA. [Roy, David P.] South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gascon, Ferran] European Space Agcy, European Space Res Inst ESRIN, Frascati, Italy. [Dwyer, John] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA. RP Storey, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA. EM james.storey.cti@usgs.gov; david.roy@sdstate.edu; jeffrey.g.masek@nasa.gov; ferran.gascon@esa.int; dwyer@usgs.gov; michael.choate.ctr@usgs.gov OI Dwyer, John/0000-0002-8281-0896 FU NASA Land Cover/Land Use Change [LCLUCI4-2]; Multi-Source Land Imaging Science Program [NNX15AK94G]; U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [G12PC00069, G15PC00012] FX This research was funded by the NASA Land Cover/Land Use Change (LCLUCI4-2), Multi-Source Land Imaging Science Program [Grant NNX15AK94G], and by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), [Grant G12PC00069 and USGS contract number G15PC00012]. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 186 BP 121 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.025 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EO0IW UT WOS:000396382500009 ER PT J AU Ramsey, E Rangoonwala, A Jones, CE AF Ramsey, Elijah, III Rangoonwala, Amina Jones, Cathleen E. TI Marsh canopy structure changes and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE NASA UAVSAR; Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PoISAR); Deepwater Horizon oil spill; Leaf area index (LAI) and leaf angle distribution (LAD); Marsh change maps ID POLARIMETRIC RADAR; BARATARIA BAY; LOUISIANA; RECOVERY; IMPACTS; DIEBACK; SAR AB Marsh canopy structure was mapped yearly from 2009 to 2012 in the Barataria Bay, Louisiana coastal region that was impacted by the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Based on the previously demonstrated capability of NASA's UAVSAR polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PoISAR) image data to map Spartina alterniflora marsh canopy structure, structure maps combining the leaf area index (LAI) and leaf angle distribution (IAD, orientation) were constructed for yearly intervals that were directly relatable to the 2010 LAI-LAD classification. The yearly LAI-LAD and LAI difference maps were used to investigate causes for the previously revealed dramatic change in marsh structure from prespill (2009) to postspill (2010, spill cessation), and the occurrence of structure features that exhibited abnormal spatial and temporal patterns. Water level and salinity records showed that freshwater releases used to keep the oil offshore did not cause the rapid growth from 2009 to 2010 in marsh surrounding the inner Bay. Photointerpretation of optical image data determined that interior marsh patches exhibiting rapid change were caused by burns and burn recovery, and that the pattern of 2010 to 2011 1AI decreases in backshore marsh and extending along some tidal channels into the interior marsh were not associated with burns. Instead, the majority of 2010 to 2011 shoreline features aligned with vectors displaying the severity of 2010 shoreline oiling from the DWH spill. Although the association is not conclusive of a causal oil impact, the coexistent pattern is a significant discovery. PoISAR marsh structure mapping provided a unique perspective of marsh biophysical status that enhanced detection of change and monitoring of trends important to management effectiveness. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ramsey, Elijah, III; Rangoonwala, Amina] Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Us Geol Survey, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, IA 70506 USA. [Jones, Cathleen E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Ramsey, E (reprint author), Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Us Geol Survey, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, IA 70506 USA. EM ramseye@usgs.gov FU National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) [11-TE11-104] FX We thank Francis Fields Jr. of the Apache Louisiana Minerals LLC, a subsidiary of Apache Corporation, for access to their properties and Jeff Deblieux IV of the Louisiana Land and Exploration Company, a subsidiary of Conoco Phillips, for access to their properties. We are indebted to late Clint Jeske of the U.S. Geological Survey for his invaluable assistance in field reconnaissance. We thank William Jones of the U.S. Geological Survey and Corey Hotard a U.S. Geological Survey student intern for locating archived optical image data. Research was supported in part by the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) grant #11-TE11-104 and was carried out in collaboration with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. UAVSAR data are provided courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 186 BP 350 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.001 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EO0IW UT WOS:000396382500027 ER PT J AU Buffington, KJ Dugger, BD Thorne, KM Takekawa, JY AF Buffington, Kevin J. Dugger, Bruce D. Thorne, Karen M. Takekawa, John Y. TI Statistical correction of lidar-derived digital elevation models with multispectral airborne imagery in tidal marshes SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE RTK-GPS surveys; Accuracy; LEAN; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); Sea-level rise ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SALT-MARSH; COASTAL MARSHES; PLANT ZONATION; RESPONSES; ACCURACY; BIOMASS; NDVI; SOIL AB Airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) is a valuable tool for collecting large amounts of elevation data across large areas; however, the limited ability to penetrate dense vegetation with lidar hinders its usefulness for measuring tidal marsh platforms. Methods to correct lidar elevation data are available, but a reliable method that requires limited field work and maintains spatial resolution is lacking. We present a novel method, the Lidar Elevation Adjustment with NDVI (LEAN), to correct lidar digital elevation models (DEMs) with vegetation indices from readily available multispectral airborne imagery (NAIP) and RTK-GPS surveys. Using 17 study sites along the Pacific coast of the U.S., we achieved an average root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.072 m, with a 40-75% improvement in accuracy from the lidar bare earth DEM. Results from our method compared favorably with results from three other methods (minimum-bin gridding, mean error correction, and vegetation correction factors), and a power analysis applying our extensive RTK-GPS dataset showed that on average 118 points were necessary to calibrate a site -specific correction model for tidal marshes along the Pacific coast. By using available imagery and with minimal field surveys, we showed that lidar-derived DEMs can be adjusted for greater accuracy while maintaining high (1 m) resolution. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Buffington, Kevin J.; Dugger, Bruce D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Buffington, Kevin J.; Thorne, Karen M.; Takekawa, John Y.] Western Ecol Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Takekawa, John Y.] Richardson Bay Audubon Ctr & Sanctuary, Audubon Calif, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. RP Buffington, KJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kevin.buffington@oregonstate.edu; bruce.dugger@oregonstate.edu; kthorne@usgs.gov; john.takekawa@usgs.gov FU DOI U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration EESLR program [NA15NOS4780171]; Northwest Climate Science Center (NWCSC) [1434-03HQRU1584]; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service North Pacific [F11RG0048]; California Landscape Conservation Cooperatives [80250-A-H100]; Oregon State University; NWCSC fellowship [G10AC00702]; Western Ecological Research Center; National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center; Southwest Climate Science Center FX The authors would like to thank all the technicians who helped collect the RTK-GPS data for this study, including C. Freeman, K. Powelson, K. Lovett, L Curry, P. Elson, T. Henner, and T. Bui. Thanks also to A. Nolin, C. Janousek and J. Vogeler for valuable conversations, comments, and insight. E. Harrington and C. Malachowski provided editorial assistance on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Special thanks to L. Schile for providing the vegetation corrected DEMs of China Camp and Coon Island for comparisons to LEAN. We would also like to thank DOI U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration EESLR program (NA15NOS4780171), Northwest Climate Science Center (NWCSC; 1434-03HQRU1584), Southwest Climate Science Center, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service North Pacific (F11RG0048) and California Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (80250-A-H100), Oregon State University and a NWCSC fellowship (G10AC00702) for funding support. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. This publication is solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Northwest Climate Science Center or the USGS. This manuscript is submitted for publication with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 186 BP 616 EP 625 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.09.020 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EO0IW UT WOS:000396382500046 ER PT J AU Robertson, BA Chalfoun, AD AF Robertson, Bruce A. Chalfoun, Anna D. TI Evolutionary traps as keys to understanding behavioral maladapation SO CURRENT OPINION IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID ECOLOGICAL TRAPS; HABITAT SELECTION; CONSEQUENCES; ENVIRONMENTS; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; DECISIONS; INSECTS; BIRD AB Evolutionary traps are severe cases of behavioral maladaptation that occur when, due to human activity, the cues animals use to guide their behavior become uncoupled from their fitness consequences. The result is that animals can prefer the most dangerous resources or behaviors, even when better options are available. Traps are increasingly common and represent a significant wildlife conservation problem. Understanding of the more proximate sensory-cognitive mechanisms underpinning traps remains poor, which highlights the need for interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches to investigating traps. Key to advancing basic trap theory and its conservation applications will be the development of appropriate and tractable model systems to investigate the mechanisms that cause traps within species, and how mechanisms vary across species. C1 [Robertson, Bruce A.] Bard Coll, Div Sci Math & Comp, Annandale On Hudson, NY 12504 USA. [Chalfoun, Anna D.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Robertson, BA (reprint author), Bard Coll, Div Sci Math & Comp, Annandale On Hudson, NY 12504 USA. EM broberts@bard.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank Andy Sih for encouraging us to write this perspective. Bruce Robertson was supported by a sabbatical from Bard College. Anna Chalfoun acknowledges the financial support from the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-1546 EI 2352-1554 J9 CURR OPIN BEHAV SCI JI Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 12 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.08.007 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences SC Behavioral Sciences GA EM5AK UT WOS:000395324100004 ER PT J AU Anteau, MJ Wiltermuth, MT van der Burg, MP Pearse, AT AF Anteau, Michael J. Wiltermuth, Mark T. van der Burg, Max Post Pearse, Aaron T. TI Prerequisites for Understanding Climate-Change Impacts on Northern Prairie Wetlands SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Climate change; Conservation; Consolidation drainage; Hydrology; Wetland drainage; Wetland dynamics; Waterbird; Waterfowl ID LAND-USE CHANGE; POTHOLE REGION; UNITED-STATES; UPPER-MIDWEST; LESSER SCAUP; LANDSCAPE; WATERFOWL; USA; CONSERVATION; AGRICULTURE AB The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) contains ecosystems that are typified by an extensive matrix of grasslands and depressional wetlands, which provide numerous ecosystem services. Over the past 150 years the PPR has experienced numerous landscape modifications resulting in agricultural conversion of 75-99 % of native prairie uplands and drainage of 50-90% of wetlands. There is concern over how and where conservation dollars should be spent within the PPR to protect and restore wetland basins to support waterbird populations that will be robust to a changing climate. However, while hydrological impacts of landscape modifications appear substantial, they are still poorly understood. Previous modeling efforts addressing impacts of climate change on PPR wetlands have yet to fully incorporate interacting or potentially overshadowing impacts of landscape modification. We outlined several information needs for building more informative models to predict climate change effects on PPR wetlands. We reviewed how landscape modification influences wetland hydrology and present a conceptual model to describe how modified wetlands might respond to climate variability. We note that current climate projections do not incorporate cyclical variability in climate between wet and dry periods even though such dynamics have shaped the hydrology and ecology of PPR wetlands. We conclude that there are at least three prerequisite steps to making meaningful predictions about effects of climate change on PPR wetlands. Those evident to us are: 1) an understanding of how physical and watershed characteristics of wetland basins of similar hydroperiods vary across temperature and moisture gradients; 2) a mechanistic understanding of how wetlands respond to climate across a gradient of anthropogenic modifications; and 3) improved climate projections for the PPR that can meaningfully represent potential changes in climate variability including intensity and duration of wet and dry periods. Once these issues are addressed, we contend that modeling efforts will better inform and quantify ecosystem services provided by wetlands to meet needs of waterbird conservation and broader societal interests such as flood control and water quality. C1 [Anteau, Michael J.; Wiltermuth, Mark T.; van der Burg, Max Post; Pearse, Aaron T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Anteau, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM manteau@usgs.gov OI Wiltermuth, Mark/0000-0002-8871-2816 FU North Dakota Game and Fish Department; Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Cooperative, Ducks Unlimited-Great Plains Regional Office; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research of Ducks Unlimited Canada; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank Wetlands and Guest Editor David Mushet for inviting us to submit this manuscript for publication. Funding for the research that informed this manuscript was provided by: North Dakota Game and Fish Department; Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Cooperative, Ducks Unlimited-Great Plains Regional Office, Dr. Bruce D. J. Batt Fellowship in Waterfowl Conservation granted by the Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research of Ducks Unlimited Canada, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank A. Lawton, and P. Mockus for their technical or GIS work. We are grateful to L. McCauley for her hard work and leadership on and earlier study that informed this manuscript. We also thank U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuge system, Wetland Management Districts, and Partners for Fish and Wildlife in North Dakota for logistical support. We appreciate the helpful comments provided on previous versions of this manuscript provided by David Mushet, Chuck Loesch, and anonymous reviewers. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S299 EP S307 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0811-2 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100007 ER PT J AU Bansal, S Tangen, B Finocchiaro, R AF Bansal, Sheel Tangen, Brian Finocchiaro, Ray TI Temperature and Hydrology Affect Methane Emissions from Prairie Pothole Wetlands SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Grassland; Great Plains; Greenhouse gas; Hydrology; Sulfate ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-TABLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REGION; FLUXES; PEATLANDS; CANADA; SOILS; CH4 AB The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) in central North America consists of millions of depressional wetlands that each have considerable potential to emit methane (CH4). Changes in temperature and hydrology in the PPR from climate change may affect methane fluxes from these wetlands. To assess the potential effects of changes in climate on methane emissions, we examined the relationships between flux rates and temperature or water depth using six years of bi-weekly flux measurements during the snow-free period from six temporarily ponded and six permanently ponded wetlands in North Dakota, USA. Methane flux rates were among the highest reported for freshwater wetlands, and had considerable spatial and temporal variation. Methane flux rates increased with increasing temperature and water depth, and were especially high when conditions were warmer and wetter than average (163 +/- 28 mg CH4 m(-2) h(-1)) compared to warmer and drier (37 +/- 7 mg CH4 m(-2) h(-1)). Methane emission rates from permanent wetlands were less sensitive to changes in temperature and water depth compared to temporary wetlands, likely due to higher sulfate concentrations in permanent wetlands. While the predicted increase in temperature with climate change will likely increase methane emission rates from PPR wetlands, drier conditions could moderate these increases. C1 [Bansal, Sheel; Tangen, Brian; Finocchiaro, Ray] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Bansal, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM sbansal@usgs.gov OI Bansal, Sheel/0000-0003-1233-1707 FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate Research and Development Program FX Our sincere thanks are given to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for use of the CLSA that they steward. We thank C. Dahl, J. Meier, A. Timm, P. Mockus, and several other technicians that assisted in the collection of data. We also thank D. Buhl for statistical support and A. Boyd for assisting with figures. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate Research and Development Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S371 EP S381 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0826-8 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100012 ER PT J AU Cressey, RL Austin, JE Stafford, JD AF Cressey, Ryann L. Austin, Jane E. Stafford, Joshua D. TI Three Responses of Wetland Conditions to Climatic Extremes in the Prairie Pothole Region SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate; Drought; Prairie pothole region; Water chemistry; Wet-dry cycle; Wetlands ID COMPLEX AB Wetlands in central North Dakota were revisited after 50 years to assess changes following extreme drought and a prolonged wet period. We compared data collected during 1961-1966 to current (2013-2014) wetland conditions. We revisited 80 wetlands in 2013 and 2014 across three study areas and measured wetland area, pondedwater depth, and specific conductance. Wetlands at the three study areas responded to prolonged wet conditions in one of three ways. Wetlands at Crystal Springs became larger, and had deeper ponds of lower specific conductance in 2013-14 compared to the 1960s. Wetlands at Cottonwood were larger with deeper ponds of slightly higher specific conductance in 2013-2014. Wetlands at Mt. Moriah had only subtle changes in size, pond depth, and specific conductance between periods. Prolonged wet conditions led to merging of most wetlands (defined as the outer edge of wet-meadow vegetation) at Crystal Springs and a fewwetlands at Cottonwood. Lowtopographic relief at Crystal Springs and Cottonwood contributed to storage of excess water in wetlands with associated responses to prolonged wet conditions. In contrast, higher topographic relief and natural outlets into two intermittent streams at Mt. Moriah resulted in wetlands being less impacted by prolonged wet conditions. C1 [Cressey, Ryann L.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Cressey, Ryann L.] Ducks Unltd Inc, Great Plains Reg Off, Bismarck, ND 58503 USA. [Austin, Jane E.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Stafford, Joshua D.] South Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Nat Resource Management, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Cressey, RL (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.; Cressey, RL (reprint author), Ducks Unltd Inc, Great Plains Reg Off, Bismarck, ND 58503 USA. EM rcressey@ducks.org FU U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center in Jamestown, North Dakota FX This project was funded by U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center in Jamestown, North Dakota. Housing and additional logistic support was provided by Chase Lake Wetland Management District in Woodworth, North Dakota. We thank Carter Johnson, Carol Johnston, and 2 anonymous reviewers for providing constructive reviews on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This project could not have been done without the help of technicians, Beth Harmsen and Alyse Homola. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S357 EP S370 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0818-8 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100011 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, MB Mills, CT Mushet, DM McCleskey, BB Rover, J AF Goldhaber, Martin B. Mills, Christopher T. Mushet, David M. McCleskey, Blaine B. Rover, Jennifer TI Controls on the Geochemical Evolution of Prairie Pothole Region Lakes and Wetlands Over Decadal Time Scales SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Prairie Potholes; Geochemistry; Climate; Landsat; Stutsman County; Kidder County; North Dakota ID GLACIATED PLAINS; NORTH-AMERICA; DYNAMICS; SULFUR; DAKOTA; COMPLEX; SULFATE; SOILS; TILL AB One hundred sixty-seven Prairie Pothole lakes, ponds and wetlands (largely lakes) previously analyzed chemically during the late 1960's and early to mid-1970's were resampled and reanalyzed in 2011-2012. The two sampling periods differed climatically. The earlier sampling took place during normal to slightly dry conditions, whereas the latter occurred during and immediately following exceptionally wet conditions. As reported previously in Mushet et al. (2015), the dominant effect was expansion of the area of these lakes and dilution of their major ions. However, within that context, there were significant differences in the evolutionary pathways of major ions. To establish these pathways, we employed the inverse modeling computer code NetpathXL. This code takes the initial and final lake composition and, using mass balance constrained by the composition of diluting waters, and input and output of phases, calculates plausible geochemical evolution pathways. Despite the fact that in most cases major ions decreased, a subset of the lakes had an increase in SO42-. This distinction is significant because SO42- is the dominant anion in a majority of Prairie Pothole Region wetlands and lakes. For lakes with decreasing SO42-, the proportion of original lake water required for mass balance was subordinate to rainwater and/or overland flow. In contrast, lakes with increasing SO42- between the two sampling episodes tended to be dominated by original lake water. This suite of lakes tended to be smaller and have lower initial SO42- concentrations such that inputs of sulfur from dissolution of theminerals gypsum or pyrite had a significant impact on the final sulfur concentration given the lower dilution factors. Thus, our study provides context for how Prairie Pothole Region water bodies evolve geochemically as climate changes. Because wetland geochemistry in turn controls the ecology of these water bodies, this research contributes to the prediction of the impact of climate change on this important complex of ecosystems. C1 [Goldhaber, Martin B.; Mills, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80224 USA. [Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [McCleskey, Blaine B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Rover, Jennifer] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources & Observat Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Goldhaber, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80224 USA. EM mgold@usgs.gov FU USGS Ecosystems Mission Area FX We wish to thank Chip Euliss and Tom Winter for both their pioneering research and patient tutelage on the Prairie Pothole science. We would also like to than the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area for support. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S255 EP S272 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0854-4 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100004 ER PT J AU Hayashi, M van der Kamp, G Rosenberry, DO AF Hayashi, Masaki van der Kamp, Garth Rosenberry, Donald O. TI Hydrology of Prairie Wetlands: Understanding the Integrated Surface-Water and Groundwater Processes SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Prairie pothole; Slough; Water balance; Wetland complex; Land use; Climate change ID COTTONWOOD LAKE AREA; POTHOLE REGION WETLANDS; NORTH-AMERICAN PRAIRIES; CANADIAN PRAIRIES; GLACIATED PLAINS; ADJACENT UPLANDS; SOLUTE TRANSFER; DAKOTA; CLIMATE; SOIL AB Wetland managers and policy makers need to make decisions based on a sound scientific understanding of hydrological and ecological functions of wetlands. This article presents an overview of the hydrology of prairie wetlands intended for managers, policy makers, and researchers new to this field (e.g., graduate students), and a quantitative conceptual framework for understanding the hydrological functions of prairie wetlands and their responses to changes in climate and land use. The existence of prairie wetlands in the semi-arid environment of the Prairie-Pothole Region (PPR) depends on the lateral inputs of runoff water from their catchments because mean annual potential evaporation exceeds precipitation in the PPR. Therefore, it is critically important to consider wetlands and catchments as highly integrated hydrological units. The water balance of individual wetlands is strongly influenced by runoff from the catchment and the exchange of groundwater between the central pond and its moist margin. Land-use practices in the catchment have a sensitive effect on runoff and hence the water balance. Surface and subsurface storage and connectivity among individual wetlands controls the diversity of pond permanence within a wetland complex, resulting in a variety of ecohydrological functionalities necessary for maintaining the integrity of prairie-wetland ecosystems. C1 [Hayashi, Masaki] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [van der Kamp, Garth] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP Hayashi, M (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. EM hayashi@ucalgary.ca RI Hayashi, Masaki/E-2600-2012 FU Canadian Wildlife Service; Ducks Unlimited Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Environment Canada Science Horizons Program; Climate Change Action Fund FX This paper presents the culmination of our research over the past quarter century and is built on the long-term data collected by our predecessors. We thank many colleagues and students who have contributed and are still contributing to the hydrological studies of prairie wetlands in Canada and the U.S.A. In particular, this paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Tom Winter, who set the foundation for hydrological studies of prairie wetlands and inspired generations of wetland hydrologists. The field research program at the St. Denis National Wildlife Area was supported by the Canadian Wildlife Service, Ducks Unlimited Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Environment Canada Science Horizons Program, and the Climate Change Action Fund. We thank Randy Schmidt for his many years of service in assisting with the field program. The Cottonwood Lake study area in east-central North Dakota likely would be cropland if not for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Waterfowl Protection Area on which it is located. We are grateful for the continuation of multiple decades of research at the Cottonwood Lake wetlands that is managed by David Mushet, U.S. Geological Survey. We thank Brian Neff and two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions. NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S237 EP S254 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0797-9 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100003 ER PT J AU LaBaugh, JW Mushet, DM Rosenberry, DO Euliss, NH Goldhaber, MB Mills, CT Nelson, RD AF LaBaugh, James W. Mushet, David M. Rosenberry, Donald O. Euliss, Ned H., Jr. Goldhaber, Martin B. Mills, Christopher T. Nelson, Richard D. TI Changes in Pond Water Levels and Surface Extent Due to Climate Variability Alter Solute Sources to Closed-Basin Prairie-Pothole Wetland Ponds, 1979 to 2012 SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Prairie pothole; Wetlands; Climate variability; Solute sources ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; COTTONWOOD LAKE AREA; DEVILS LAKE; GLACIATED PLAINS; 2 MILLENNIA; DAKOTA; SALINITY; USA; FLUCTUATIONS; GROUNDWATER AB Wetter conditions beginning in 1993 resulted in marked changes in water levels and surface extent of prairiepothole region wetland ponds, including closed-basin wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area of North Dakota, U.S.A. Pond water levels after 1993 were consistently 0.5 to 2 m higher than during 1979-1993 (<= 1 m deep) in wetlands lacking surface or substantial groundwater outlets, and ponds of some wetlands merged. Pond surface areas after 1993 were as much as twice pre-1993 areas. Weathered glacial till in the inundated uplands provided a source of solutes from the subsurface beyond the extent of the weathered wetland periphery and wetland sediments that existed before 1993. Increased pond peripheries also provided for more movement of solutes from shallow groundwater into wetland ponds during the wetter period. Long periods of higher water levels during pronounced wetter conditions can be associated with increased specific conductance for some wetland ponds. In wetlands receiving no groundwater input, specific conductance values of ponded waters were indistinguishable between wetter and preceding conditions. Thus, changes in specific conductance in wetland ponds during wetter climate conditions cannot be assumed to be uniform, a result of changing watershed solute sources. C1 [LaBaugh, James W.] US Geol Survey, 411 Natl Ctr,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Mushet, David M.; Euliss, Ned H., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37Th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, W 6th Ave Kipling St MS 413, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Goldhaber, Martin B.; Mills, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, W 6th Ave Kipling St MS 964, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Nelson, Richard D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3425 Miriam Ave, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. RP LaBaugh, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 411 Natl Ctr,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM jlabaugh@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change-Research and Development Program FX The analysis presented herein would not have been possible without the work of colleagues George Swanson and Vyto Adomaitis who began ecological studies of the Cottonwood Lake area wetlands site in 1967 and the detailed hydrological studies started by Tom Winter in 1978. Their foundational studies were essential to enable us to examine processes over such a long term. Data from Cottonwood Lake area wetlands (for example, Mushet and Solensky 2016; Mushet et al. 2016) are available through the Missouri Coteau Wetland Ecosystem Observatory (https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f0ffd9e4b0f941aa181fc6) and maintained through funding received from the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change-Research and Development Program. We thank Kevin Vining, Sandy Cooper, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments and suggestions. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S343 EP S355 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0808-x PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100010 ER PT J AU Leibowitz, SG Mushet, DM Newton, WE AF Leibowitz, Scott G. Mushet, David M. Newton, Wesley E. TI Intermittent Surface Water Connectivity: Fill and Spill Vs. Fill and Merge Dynamics SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic connectivity; Geographically isolated wetlands; Prairie potholes; Cottonwood Lake; Water level; Specific conductance; Macroinvertebrate NMS ID GEOGRAPHICALLY ISOLATED WETLANDS; PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; HYDROLOGIC CONNECTIVITY; NORTH-DAKOTA; FLOODPLAIN WETLANDS; LANDSCAPE; COMPLEX; PERSPECTIVE; AREA; TERM AB Intermittent surface connectivity can influence aquatic systems, since chemical and biotic movements are often associated with water flow. Although often referred to as fill and spill, wetlands also fill and merge. We examined the effects of these connection types on water levels, ion concentrations, and biotic communities of eight prairie pothole wetlands between 1979 and 2015. Fill and spill caused pulsed surface water connections that were limited to periods following spring snow melt. In contrast, two wetlands connected through fill and merge experienced a nearly continuous, 20-year surface water connection and had completely coincident water levels. Fill and spill led to minimal convergence in dissolved ions and macroinvertebrate composition, while these constituents converged under fill and merge. The primary factor determining differences in response was duration of the surface water connection between wetland pairs. Our findings suggest that investigations into the effects of intermittent surface water connections should not consider these connections generically, but need to address the specific types of connections. In particular, fill and spill promotes external water exports while fill and merge favors internal storage. The behaviors of such intermittent connections will likely be accentuated under a future with more frequent and severe climate extremes. C1 [Leibowitz, Scott G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Mushet, David M.; Newton, Wesley E.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Leibowitz, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM leibowitz.scott@epa.gov FU USGS Climate and Land-use Change Mission Area Research and Development Program FX We thank James Jawitz, Brian Neff, and two anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments that improved this paper. Funding to support maintenance of long-term datasets and associated data collection efforts at the CLSA come from the USGS Climate and Land-use Change Mission Area Research and Development Program. All data used in our analyses are openly available through ScienceBase at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f0ffd9e4b0f941aa181fc6. This manuscript has been subjected to Agency review and has been approved for publication. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S323 EP S342 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0830-z PG 20 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100009 ER PT J AU McLean, KI Mushet, DM Renton, DA Stockwell, CA AF McLean, Kyle I. Mushet, David M. Renton, David A. Stockwell, Craig A. TI Aquatic-Macroinvertebrate Communities of Prairie-Pothole Wetlands and Lakes Under a Changed Climate SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate variability; Community structure; Prairie pothole region; Predation effects; Structural equation modeling ID SALINE LAKES; FATHEAD MINNOW; NORTH-DAKOTA; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TIGER SALAMANDERS; SHALLOW LAKES; FISH; INVERTEBRATES; USA; PRODUCTIVITY AB Understanding how aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities respond to changes in climate is important for biodiversity conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region and other wetland-rich landscapes. We sampled macroinvertebrate communities of 162 wetlands and lakes previously sampled from 1966 to 1976, a much drier period compared to our 2012-2013 sampling timeframe. To identify possible influences of a changed climate and predation pressures on macroinvertebrates, we compared two predictors of aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities: ponded-water dissolved-ion concentration and vertebrate-predator presence/abundance. Further, we make inferences of how macroinvertebrate communities were structured during the drier period when the range of dissolved-ion concentrations was much greater and fish occurrence in aquatic habitats was rare. We found that aquatic-macroinvertebrate community structure was influenced by dissolved-ion concentrations through a complex combination of direct and indirect relationships. Ion concentrations also influenced predator occurrence and abundance, which indirectly affected macroinvertebrate communities. It is important to consider both abiotic and biotic gradients when predicting how invertebrate communities will respond to climate change. Generally, in the wetlands and lakes we studied, freshening of ponded water resulted in more homogenous communities than occurred during a much drier period when salinity range among sites was greater. C1 [McLean, Kyle I.; Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Renton, David A.] North Dakota State Univ, Nat Resource Management Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Stockwell, Craig A.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Stockwell, Craig A.] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP McLean, KI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM kmclean@usgs.gov OI McLean, Kyle/0000-0003-3803-0136 FU USGS Climate and Land-use Change - Research and Development Program FX We thank V. Aparicio, M. Bichler, S. Kale, and H. Incauskis for assisting with field collections and laboratory processing of invertebrate samples, and M. Wiltermuth and two anonymous reviewers for their critical reviews of an earlier version of our manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the USGS Climate and Land-use Change - Research and Development Program. Authors complied with all applicable USGS and North Dakota State University Institutional Animal Care and Use guidelines (IACUC Protocol #13033) while conducting this research, and all required state and federal permits were obtained. Data used in our analyses will be made openly available through ScienceBase via the USGS's Missouri Coteau Wetland Ecosystem Observatory at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f0ffd9e4b0f941aa181fc6. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S423 EP S435 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0848-2 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100016 ER PT J AU McLean, KI Mushet, DM Stockwell, CA AF McLean, Kyle I. Mushet, David M. Stockwell, Craig A. TI From "Duck Factory" to "Fish Factory": Climate Induced Changes in Vertebrate Communities of Prairie Pothole Wetlands and Small Lakes SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Climate variability; Fathead minnows; Fish colonization; Flooding; Tiger salamanders; Water chemistry; Wetland expansion ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; NORTH-DAKOTA; FATHEAD MINNOW; DEVILS-LAKE; WALKER LAKE; WATER; USA; INVERTEBRATES; SURVIVAL; ECOSYSTEM AB The Prairie Pothole Region's myriad wetlands and small lakes contribute to its stature as the "duck factory" of North America. The fishless nature of the region's aquatic habitats, a result of frequent drying, freezing, and high salinity, influences its importance to waterfowl. Recent precipitation increases have resulted in higher water levels and wetland/lake freshening. In 2012-13, we sampled chemical characteristics and vertebrates (fish and salamanders) of 162 Prairie Pothole wetlands and small lakes. We used non-metric multidimensional scaling, principal component analysis, and bootstrapping techniques to reveal relationships. We found fish present in a majority of sites (84 %). Fish responses to water chemistry varied by species. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and brook sticklebacks (Culaea inconstans) occurred across the broadest range of conditions. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) occurred in a smaller, chemically defined, subset. Iowa darters (Etheostoma exile) were restricted to the narrowest range of conditions. Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium) rarely occurred in lakes with fish. We also compared our chemical data to similar data collected in 1966-1976 to explore factors contributing to the expansion of fish into previously fishless sites. Our work contributes to a better understanding of relationships between aquatic biota and climate-induced changes in this ecologically important area. C1 [McLean, Kyle I.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [McLean, Kyle I.; Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Stockwell, Craig A.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Stockwell, Craig A.] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP McLean, KI (reprint author), North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.; McLean, KI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM kmclean@usgs.gov OI McLean, Kyle/0000-0003-3803-0136 FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land-use Change - Research and Development Program FX We thank Dr. Martin Goldhaber and Dr. Chris Mills for providing ionic composition data used for this study. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land-use Change - Research and Development Program. Authors complied with all applicable NDSU Institutional Animal Care guidelines (IACUC Protocol #13033) while conducting this research, and all required State and Federal permits were obtained. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank D. Renton, V. Aparicio, M. Bichler, and H. Incauskis for assistance with field sampling. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S407 EP S421 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0766-3 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100015 ER PT J AU Mushet, DM AF Mushet, David M. TI Midcontinent Prairie-Pothole Wetlands and Climate Change: an Introduction to the Supplemental Issue SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Biota; Climate change; Geochemistry; Hydrology; Prairie potholes; Prairie Pothole Region; Wetland ecosystems; Wetland landscapes ID 2 MILLENNIA AB The multitude of wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America forms one of Earth's largest wetland complexes. The midcontinent location exposes this ecologically and economically important wetland system to a highly variable climate, markedly influencing ponded-water levels, hydroperiods, chemical characteristics, and biota of individual basins. Given their dominance on the landscape and recognized value, great interest in how projected future changes in climate will affect prairie-pothole wetlands has developed and spawned much scientific research. On June 2, 2015, a special symposium, "Midcontinent Prairie-Pothole Wetlands: Influence of a Changed Climate," was held at the annual meeting of the Society of Wetland Scientists in Providence, Rhode Island, USA. The symposium's twelve presenters covered a wide range of relevant topics delivered to a standing-room-only audience. Following the symposium, the presenters recognized the need to publish their presented papers as a combined product to facilitate widespread distribution. The need for additional papers to more fully cover the topic of prairie-pothole wetlands and climate change was also identified. This supplemental issue of Wetlands is the realization of that vision. C1 [Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Mushet, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM dmushet@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Climate Research and Development Program FX This supplemental issue would not have been possible without the generous support of the U.S. Geological Survey Climate Research and Development Program, both in terms of sponsoring publication of the issue and in providing funding in support of several of the research efforts presented within. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S223 EP S228 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0852-6 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100001 ER PT J AU Skagen, SK Burris, LE Granfors, DA AF Skagen, Susan K. Burris, Lucy E. Granfors, Diane A. TI Sediment Accumulation in Prairie Wetlands under a Changing Climate: the Relative Roles of Landscape and Precipitation SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Northern Great Plains; Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation; Sedimentation; Stream Power Erosion Deposition Model; Wetland ID SOIL LOSS EQUATION; POTHOLE REGION; LAND-USE; UNITED-STATES; HIGH-PLAINS; SEED BANKS; CONVERSION; RICHNESS; EROSION; GRASSLANDS AB Sediment accumulation threatens the viability and hydrologic functioning of many naturally formed depressional wetlands across the interior regions of North America. These wetlands provide many ecosystem services and vital habitats for diverse plant and animal communities. Climate change may further impact sediment accumulation rates in the context of current land use patterns. We estimated sediment accretion in wetlands within a region renowned for its large populations of breeding waterfowl and migrant shorebirds and examined the relative roles of precipitation and land use context in the sedimentation process. We modeled rates of sediment accumulation from 1971 through 2100 using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with a sediment delivery ratio and the Unit Stream Power Erosion Deposition model (USPED). These models predicted that by 2100, 21-33 % of wetlands filled completely with sediment and 27-46 % filled by half with sediments; estimates are consistent with measured sediment accumulation rates in the region reported by empirical studies. Sediment accumulation rates were strongly influenced by size of the catchment, greater coverage of tilled landscape within the catchment, and steeper slopes. Conservation efforts that incorporate the relative risk of infilling of wetlands with sediments, thus emphasizing areas of high topographic relief and large watersheds, may benefit wetland-dependent biota. C1 [Skagen, Susan K.; Burris, Lucy E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Burris, Lucy E.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Granfors, Diane A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 East Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Skagen, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM skagens@usgs.gov FU Colorado State University, Department of Anthropology Geospatial Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Program; U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center; Plains and Prairie Potholes Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Department of Interior North Central Climate Science Center FX Technical support was provided by Colorado State University, Department of Anthropology Geospatial Laboratory. This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Program, the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, the Plains and Prairie Potholes Landscape Conservation Cooperative, and the Department of Interior North Central Climate Science Center. Glenn Guntenspergen reviewed an earlier draft of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S383 EP S395 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0748-5 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100013 ER PT J AU Steen, VA Skagen, SK Melcher, CP AF Steen, Valerie A. Skagen, Susan K. Melcher, Cynthia P. TI Implications of Climate Change for Wetland-Dependent Birds in the Prairie Pothole Region SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Land use; Prairie pothole region; Species distribution modeling; Wetland birds; Wetland dynamics ID NORTH-DAKOTA; MIGRANT SHOREBIRDS; WESTERN-HEMISPHERE; HABITAT USE; CONSERVATION; WATERFOWL; MODELS; DUCKS; LAND; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The habitats and food resources required to support breeding and migrant birds dependent on North American prairie wetlands are threatened by impending climate change. The North American Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) hosts nearly 120 species of wetland-dependent birds representing 21 families. Strategic management requires knowledge of avian habitat requirements and assessment of species most vulnerable to future threats. We applied bioclimatic species distribution models (SDMs) to project range changes of 29 wetland-dependent bird species using ensemble modeling techniques, a large number of General Circulation Models (GCMs), and hydrological climate covariates. For the U.S. PPR, mean projected range change, expressed as a proportion of currently occupied range, was -0.31 (+/- 0.22 SD; range -0.75 to 0.16), and all but two species were projected to lose habitat. Species associated with deeper water were expected to experience smaller negative impacts of climate change. The magnitude of climate change impacts was somewhat lower in this study than earlier efforts most likely due to use of different focal species, varying methodologies, different modeling decisions, or alternative GCMs. Quantification of the projected species-specific impacts of climate change using species distribution modeling offers valuable information for vulnerability assessments within the conservation planning process. C1 [Steen, Valerie A.; Skagen, Susan K.; Melcher, Cynthia P.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Skagen, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM skagens@usgs.gov FU Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Conservation Cooperative; U.S. Geological Survey; USGS North Central Climate Science Center FX This project was supported by the Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Conservation Cooperative, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the USGS North Central Climate Science Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S445 EP S459 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0791-2 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100018 ER PT J AU Stockwell, CA Fisher, JDL McLean, KI AF Stockwell, Craig A. Fisher, Justin D. L. McLean, Kyle I. TI Clinal Patterns in Genetic Variation for Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens): Conservation Status and Population Histories SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Common species; Climate change; Conservation genetics; Environmental gradient; Landscape Genetics; Wetlands ID PRAIRIE WETLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DYNAMICS; FLUCTUATIONS; METAANALYSIS; LANDSCAPE; DIVERSITY AB The security of the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) varies spatially with populations east and west of North Dakota considered as secure and at risk, respectively. We used genetic markers to characterize the conservation status of northern leopard frog populations across North Dakota. We used multiple regression analyses and model selection to evaluate correlations of expected heterozygosity (H-E) with the direct and additive effects of: i) geographic location, ii) wetland density and iii) average annual precipitation. There was lower genetic diversity in the western portion of the state due to lower levels of diversity for populations southwest of the Missouri River. This may reflect a refugial/colonization signature for the only non-glaciated area of North Dakota. Genetic diversity was also positively associated with wetland densities which is consistent with the reliance of this species on a mosaic of wetlands. Our findings suggest that populations in the southwestern part of North Dakota are of higher conservation concern, a finding consistent with the higher risk noted for northern leopard frog populations in most states west of North Dakota. Our findings also pose the hypothesis that climate change induced changes in wetland densities will reduce genetic diversity of northern leopard frog populations. C1 [Stockwell, Craig A.; Fisher, Justin D. L.] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dept 2715,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Fisher, Justin D. L.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Grad Program, Dept 2715,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [McLean, Kyle I.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Stockwell, CA (reprint author), North Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dept 2715,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Craig.Stockwell@ndsu.edu OI McLean, Kyle/0000-0003-3803-0136 FU North Dakota State Wildlife Grant; NDSU Graduate School; Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate program; Biological Sciences Department; Veterans Administration Education stipend; North Dakota Water Resources Grant; USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Grant FX We thank Jacob Mertes for assistance with field work; P. Isakson (North Dakota Game and Fish) and Kevin Purcell for logistical support; Samantha Skinner and Anthony Nelson for laboratory support; Robert Newman, Jeff LeClere, and Scott Collins for sampling guidance. We thank David Mushet for advocating this study and his consistent support throughout. Further, David along with three anonymous reviewers provided very valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank Mark Clark and Ned Dochtermann for advice on statistical analyses. This work has been conducted under North Dakota Scientific Collecting permit #GNF02923466 to CAS and NDSU IACUC #10047. This work was supported by a North Dakota State Wildlife Grant administered by Patrick Isakson and Steve Dyke. Stipend support for JDLF was provided by the NDSU Graduate School, the Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate program, the Biological Sciences Department, a Veterans Administration Education stipend, and a North Dakota Water Resources Grant. Additional support was provided through a USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Grant to CAS. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S437 EP S443 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0847-3 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100017 ER PT J AU van der Valk, A Mushet, DM AF van der Valk, Arnold Mushet, David M. TI Interannual Water-level Fluctuations and the Vegetation of Prairie Potholes: Potential Impacts of Climate Change SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Harmonic hydrological models; Plant communities; Prairie pothole region; Wet-dry cycle; Wetlands ID EMERGENT MACROPHYTES; NORTH-DAKOTA; WETLANDS; DYNAMICS; HYDROLOGY; REGION; LAKES; MARSHES; MODEL AB Mean water depth and range of interannual waterlevel fluctuations over wet-dry cycles in precipitation are major drivers of vegetation zone formation in North American prairie potholes. We used harmonic hydrological models, which require only mean interannual water depth and amplitude of water-level fluctuations over a wet-dry cycle, to examine how the vegetation zones in a pothole would respond to small changes in water depth and/or amplitude of water-level fluctuations. Field data from wetlands in Saskatchewan, North Dakota, and South Dakota were used to parameterize harmonic models for four pothole classes. Six scenarios in which small negative or positive changes in either mean water depth, amplitude of interannual fluctuations, or both, were modeled to predict if they would affect the number of zones in each wetland class. The results indicated that, in some cases, even small changes in mean water depth when coupled with a small change in amplitude of water-level fluctuations can shift a prairie pothole wetland from one class to another. Our results suggest that climate change could alter the relative proportion of different wetland classes in the prairie pothole region. C1 [van der Valk, Arnold] Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP van der Valk, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM valk@iastate.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change-Research and Development Program; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University FX Data from Cottonwood Lake area wetlands are available through the Missouri Coteau Wetland Ecosystem Observatory (https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f0ffd9e4b0f941aa181fc6) and maintained through funding received from the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change-Research and Development Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Support for this project was provided to the senior author by the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S397 EP S406 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0850-8 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100014 ER PT J AU Vanderhoof, MK Alexander, LC AF Vanderhoof, Melanie K. Alexander, Laurie C. TI The Role of Lake Expansion in Altering the Wetland Landscape of the Prairie Pothole Region, United States SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Lakes; Surfacewater; Connectivity; Prairie pothole region; Depressional wetlands; Wetland loss; Landsat; Climate ID NORTH-DAKOTA; SOUTH-DAKOTA; CONNECTIVITY; CLIMATE; SURFACE; PATTERNS; DROUGHT; AREA; TRANSFORMATION; HYDROLOGY AB Interannual variation in lake extent is well documented in the Prairie Pothole Region, but the role of surface-water expansion, including lake expansion, in merging with and subsuming wetlands across the landscape has been minimally considered. We examined how the expansion of surface-water extent, in particular, the expansion of lakes across parts of the Prairie Pothole Region can alter landscape-level hydrologic connectivity among substantial numbers of previously surficially disconnected wetlands. Temporally static wetland, lake, and stream datasets were fused with temporally varying Landsat-derived surface-water extent maps (1990-2011) to quantify changes in surface-water connectivity. Under deluge conditions, lakes were found to create significantly larger complexes of surficially-connected wetlands relative to non-lake surface-water connections (e.g., only wetlands or wetlands and streams). Analysis of three specific lakes showed that lakes can merge with and subsume wetlands located kilometers to tens of kilometers from the National Wetland Inventory defined lake perimeter. As climate across the Prairie Pothole Region is highly variable, understanding historic patterns of surface-water expansion and contraction under drought-to-deluge conditions will be integral to predicting future effects of climate change on wetland function, loss and influence on other aquatic systems, including downstream waters. C1 [Vanderhoof, Melanie K.; Alexander, Laurie C.] US EPA, ORISE Co, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW,8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Vanderhoof, Melanie K.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, DFC, MS980,POB 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP Vanderhoof, MK (reprint author), US EPA, ORISE Co, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW,8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA.; Vanderhoof, MK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, DFC, MS980,POB 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. EM mvanderhoof@usgs.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. This work was also funded by the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment. We thank Megan Lang and Greg McCarty at USDA for their logistical support, and Scott Leibowitz, Ken Fritz, Jason Todd, and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. The views expressed in this manuscript are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 SU 2 BP S309 EP S321 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0728-1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EK7VU UT WOS:000394134100008 ER PT J AU Roehl, K Jankowski, M Hofmeister, E AF Roehl, Katherine Jankowski, Mark Hofmeister, Erik TI ANTIDOG IgG SECONDARY ANTIBODY SUCCESSFULLY DETECTS IgG IN A VARIETY OF AQUATIC MAMMALS SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE antibody detection; enzyme-linked immunoassay; immunoglobulin detection; marine mammal; wildlife disease ID DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; OTTER ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; PHOCA-VITULINA; UNITED-STATES; PROTEIN-A; SEA; EXPOSURE AB Serological tests play an important role in the detection of wildlife diseases. However, while there are many commercial assays and reagents available for domestic species, there is a need to develop efficient serological assays for wildlife. In recent years, marine mammals have represented a wildlife group with emerging infectious diseases, such as influenza, brucellosis, and leptospirosis. However, with the exception of disease-agent-specific assays or functional assays, few reports describe the use of antibody detection assays in marine mammals. In an indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) or an immunofluorescence assay, antibody is detected using an antitarget species secondary conjugated antibody. The sensitivity of the assay depends on the avidity of the binding reaction between the bound antibody and the detection antibody. A commercial polyclonal antidog IgG conjugated antibody was tested in an EIA for its ability to sensitively detect the IgG of seven marine mammals including sea otter (Enhydra lutris), polar bear (Ursus maritimus), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris), California sea lion (Zalophus californianus), Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) and one freshwater mammal: Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinerea). With the exception of Asian small-clawed sea otters, the detection of IgG in these marine mammals either exceeded or was nearly equal to detection of dog IgG. The use of the tested commercial antidog IgG antibody may be a valid approach to the detection of antibody response to disease in sea mammals. C1 [Roehl, Katherine] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jankowski, Mark] Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, 520 Lafayette Rd N, St Paul, MN USA. [Hofmeister, Erik] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Hofmeister, E (reprint author), USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM hofmeister@usgs.gov FU Morris Animal Foundation Summer Veterinary Student Scholars Program FX The authors would like to acknowledge the technical contributions of National Wildlife Health Center staff member Melissa Lund. The authors would also like to acknowledge United States Geological Survey staff conducting the United States Geological Survey Polar Bear Research Program and White Nose Syndrome Field Research, and staff members of the Seattle and Monterey Bay Aquaria, the Marine Mammal Center, the Indianapolis Zoo, and the Mississippi State School of Veterinary Medicine for providing sera for the project. Additionally, Katherine Roehl was supported by the Morris Animal Foundation Summer Veterinary Student Scholars Program. Finally, the authors appreciate the editorial comments on a previous draft of this manuscript from an impartial reviewer. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States government. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 47 IS 4 BP 970 EP 976 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA EK3BE UT WOS:000393800200003 PM 28080908 ER PT J AU Knafo, SE Norton, TM Mitchell, M Stevenson, DJ Hyslop, N Poppenga, R Oliva, M Chen, T Cray, C Gibbs, SEJ Durden, L Stedman, N Divers, S Dierenfeld, E AF Knafo, S. Emmanuelle Norton, Terry M. Mitchell, Mark Stevenson, Dirk J. Hyslop, Natalie Poppenga, Robert Oliva, Marcie Chen, Tai Cray, Carolyn Gibbs, Samantha E. J. Durden, Lance Stedman, Nancy Divers, Stephen Dierenfeld, Ellen TI HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF FREE-RANGING EASTERN INDIGO SNAKES (DRYMARCHON COUPERI) IN GEORGIA, UNITED STATES SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Clinical pathology; Drymarchon couperi; eastern indigo snake; Georgia; health assessment; wildlife health ID CORAIS-COUPERI; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-SERPENTIS; PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY; THAMNOPHIS-GIGAS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COTTON MICE; BODY-SIZE; VITAMIN-A; USA; FLORIDA AB Clinical pathology and nutritional parameters are useful in evaluating and monitoring threatened and endangered wildlife populations, but reference ranges for most snake species are lacking. From 2001 to 2005, health assessments were performed on 58 eastern indigo snakes (EIS) (Drymarchon couperi) captured in the wild in southeastern Georgia, United States. Health and nutritional assessments performed included hematology, serum biochemistry, fat-soluble vitamins, heavy metals, pesticide contaminants, parasitology, and surveys of other pathogens. Significant differences in total solids, packed cell volume, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, albumin : globulin ratio, amylase, triglycerides, and bile acids between males and females were observed. Additionally, there was a significant difference between liver and kidney concentrations for vitamins A and E. As previously noted in captive EIS, total Ca was elevated in comparison to concentrations reported in other snake species. Parasitism was a common finding in sampled EIS, but the overall health status of this free-ranging population appeared good. A winter-time dermatitis was found in most snakes, which resolved in the summer months. This study represents the first health and nutritional assessment of free-ranging EIS, and provides needed data to guide monitoring and conservation efforts. C1 [Knafo, S. Emmanuelle; Divers, Stephen] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Norton, Terry M.] Jekyll Isl Author, Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr, Jekyll Isl, GA 31527 USA. [Norton, Terry M.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Wildlife Survival Ctr, St Catherines Isl, Midway, GA 31320 USA. [Mitchell, Mark] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. [Hyslop, Natalie] Univ North Georgia, Dept Biol, Gainesville, GA 30503 USA. [Stevenson, Dirk J.] Orianne Soc, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Poppenga, Robert] Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Oliva, Marcie] White Oak Conservat Ctr, Yulee, FL 32097 USA. [Chen, Tai] Boston Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Vitamin D Lab, Boston, MA 02218 USA. [Cray, Carolyn] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Comparat Pathol, POB 016960 R-46, Miami, FL 33101 USA. [Gibbs, Samantha E. J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Durden, Lance] Georgia Southern Univ, Dept Biol, 4324 Old Register Rd, Statesboro, GA 30458 USA. [Stedman, Nancy] Busch Gardens, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Dierenfeld, Ellen] St Louis Zoo, Dept Nutr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Knafo, S. Emmanuelle] Tufts Univ, Cummings Sch Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, North Grafton, MA 01536 USA. [Gibbs, Samantha E. J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife Hlth Off, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Dierenfeld, Ellen] Ellen S Dierenfeld LLC, 4736 Gatesbury Dr, St Louis, MO 63128 USA. RP Knafo, SE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Knafo, SE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Cummings Sch Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, North Grafton, MA 01536 USA. EM emi.knafo@tufts.edu FU Wildlife Conservation Society; St. Catherines Island Foundation FX Special thanks go to the Wildlife Conservation Society and St. Catherines Island Foundation for partial funding, facilities use, and logistical support; Dr. Sam Telford for providing expertise on hemogregarine evaluation; and the vitamin extraction skills of April Braddy. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1000 EP 1012 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA EK3BE UT WOS:000393800200007 PM 28080899 ER PT J AU Coplen, TB Shrestha, Y AF Coplen, Tyler B. Shrestha, Yesha TI Isotope-abundance variations and atomic weights of selected elements: 2016 (IUPAC Technical Report) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE atomic weights; boron; bromine; carbon; chlorine; hydrogen; isotopic abundances; lithium; magnesium; nitrogen; oxygen; silicon; sulfur; thallium ID HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENT; STABLE-ISOTOPE; BORON ISOTOPE; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ATMOSPHERIC HYDROGEN; ABSOLUTE ABUNDANCE; FERTILIZER NITROGEN; BIOGENIC APATITES; DEUTERIUM CONTENT AB There are 63 chemical elements that have two or more isotopes that are used to determine their standard atomic weights. The isotopic abundances and atomic weights of these elements can vary in normal materials due to physical and chemical fractionation processes (not due to radioactive decay). These variations are well known for 12 elements (hydrogen, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, bromine, and thallium), and the standard atomic weight of each of these elements is given by IUPAC as an interval with lower and upper bounds. Graphical plots of selected materials and compounds of each of these elements have been published previously. Herein and at the URL http://dx.doi. org/10.5066/F7GF0RN2, we provide isotopic abundances, isotope-delta values, and atomic weights for each of the upper and lower bounds of these materials and compounds. C1 [Coplen, Tyler B.; Shrestha, Yesha] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Coplen, TB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM tbcoplen@usgs.gov OI Shrestha, Yesha/0000-0002-9714-8516 FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; IUPAC projects [2011-040-2-200, 2015-030-2-200, 2011-027-1-200] FX We thank Dr. Juris Meija (National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada) and Prof. B. Brynn Hibbert (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) for their valuable suggestions that improved this manuscript. The support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program made this report possible. The following IUPAC projects contributed to this Technical Report: 2011-040-2-200, 2015-030-2-200, and 2011-027-1-200. NR 234 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0033-4545 EI 1365-3075 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 88 IS 12 BP 1203 EP 1224 DI 10.1515/pac-2016-0302 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EJ6TD UT WOS:000393350800010 ER PT J AU Schultz, LD Cavalli, PA Sexauer, H Zafft, D AF Schultz, Luke D. Cavalli, Peter A. Sexauer, Hilda Zafft, David TI HABITAT AND FISH ASSEMBLAGE ASSOCIATIONS AND CURRENT STATUS OF NORTHERN LEATHERSIDE CHUB LEPIDOMEDA COPEI IN WESTERN WYOMING SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN SUCKER; STREAM FISHES; SOUTH-DAKOTA; FRESH-WATER; BLACK-HILLS; GREAT-BASIN; SINGLE-PASS; GILA-COPEI; TROUT; CONSERVATION AB Human activities have extensively altered native fish assemblages and their habitats in the western United States. Conservation and restoration for long-term persistence of these fishes requires knowledge of their distributional patterns and life history requirements. Northern leatherside chub Lepidomeda copei (hereafter northern leatherside) is a cyprinid native to the Snake and Bear River Basins of Wyoming, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah, and it is believed to have declined in distribution relative to historical records. To address information gaps in the species' ecology and assess its status in the state, the objectives of this study were first to document the distribution (2010-2011) of northern leatherside in Wyoming and then to examine habitat factors related to the entire fish assemblage and to evaluate specific habitat associations of northern leatherside in the Bear River Basin, Wyoming. In the Bear River and Upper Snake River Basins, we documented the distribution of northern leatherside and compared it to the previously known distribution. Across the Bear River Basin, we used habitat measurements to assess abiotic features related to the distribution and abundance of northern leatherside. Northern leatherside was found across the Bear River Basin and was present in 2 streams each in the Upper Snake River and Green River Basins in Wyoming. Populations in Wyoming appear to represent the core of northern leatherside range, and our work provided a finer-scale delineation of the species' occurrence. Northern leatherside was collected from a variety of habitats, but multivariate analyses and occurrence modeling indicated it was associated with increased channel depth and depth variability, and positively associated with other native fishes (including mountain sucker Catostomus platyrhynchus, redside shiner Richardsonius balteatus, and speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus). These findings on the distribution and ecology of northern leatherside provide important new information to assist successful management and conservation efforts within Wyoming and across the species' range. C1 [Schultz, Luke D.; Cavalli, Peter A.; Sexauer, Hilda] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA. [Zafft, David] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 528 S Adams St, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Schultz, Luke D.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangelands Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Schultz, LD (reprint author), Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA.; Schultz, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangelands Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM lschultz@usgs.gov FU state wildlife grant FX This study was funded by a state wildlife grant to the Wyoming Game and Fish Department. Discussions with D. Miller, P. Dey, and C. Amadio improved study design, and guidance from J. Luginbill greatly facilitated sampling. Fieldwork was completed by N. Thompson, K. Buer, J. Luginbill, W. Cordon, M. Horwitz, J. Stratton, P. Baigas, J. Peterson, B. Hines, T. Stephens, M. Devine, J. Blakney, S. Walker, C. Girard, T. Neebling, C. Matthews, J. Bailey, S. Green, C. Edwards, P. Mathias, K. Celwicks, B. Compton, and W. Stacy. Access logistics were facilitated by N. Hymas. Access to private lands was provided by numerous landowners throughout western Wyoming. We thank J. Dunham, S. Beldin, and M. Fitzpatrick at USGS FRESC for administrative assistance to complete this manuscript. Finally, C. Amadio, B. Bradshaw, J. Burckhardt, B. Compton, M. Fitzpatrick, T. Stephens, and 5 anonymous reviewers provided input on prior drafts of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2016 VL 76 IS 4 BP 427 EP 440 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EL0KX UT WOS:000394312400004 ER PT J AU O'Shea, TJ Klinger, C Smythe, LA Wilkinson, L Dumbacher, JP AF O'Shea, Thomas J. Klinger, Christy Smythe, Lindsay A. Wilkinson, Laura Dumbacher, John P. TI SURVEY OF THE BAT FAUNA, DESERT NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NEVADA SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MYOTIS-CALIFORNICUS; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VESPERTILIONIDAE; CILIOLABRUM; CHIROPTERA; DETECTOR AB We conducted a survey of the bat fauna of Desert National Wildlife Refuge (DNWR) in Nevada during 2008-2014. Our objectives were (1) to determine the species present at DNWR by mist-netting at likely bat drinking areas; (2) to compare the bat fauna at White Spot Spring at DNWR to the fauna documented there in 1962-1967; and (3) to assess the possible importance of artificial water sources to bats on this highly arid landscape in relation to an ongoing drought. We captured 480 bats of 10 species in mist nets over drinking water sources; species identifications are documented by voucher specimens. In order of frequency of capture, species and numbers of individuals captured were as follows: canyon bat (Parastrellus hesperus), 223; combined California myotis and western small-footed myotis (Myotis californicus/M. ciliolabrum), 157; long-legged myotis (Myotis volans), 55; long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis), 12; Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), 12; fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes), 10; pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus), 7; big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), 3; and Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis), 1. California myotis and small-footed myotis could not be reliably distinguished in the field because many individuals were intermediate in identifying characters. The abundance-based Jaccard's community similarity index for the bat community at White Spot Spring in April and July 2013-2014 compared with that from about 50 years earlier (O'Farrell and Bradley 1970) was 0.99 (SE bootstrap 0.02), indicating negligible change. Despite an ongoing severe drought, positive evidence for female reproduction was evident in July 2014. We suspect that DNWR could not sustain current levels of reproduction in bats without suitable drinking water sources. C1 [O'Shea, Thomas J.; Wilkinson, Laura; Dumbacher, John P.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [O'Shea, Thomas J.] Box 65, Glen Haven, CO 80532 USA. [Klinger, Christy] Nevada Dept Wildlife, 4747 Vegas Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89108 USA. [Smythe, Lindsay A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Desert Natl Wildlife Refuge, 16001 Corn Creek Rd, Las Vegas, NV 89124 USA. [Smythe, Lindsay A.] USDA Forest Serv, 5075 N Hwy 89, Flagstaff, AZ 86004 USA. RP O'Shea, TJ (reprint author), Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.; O'Shea, TJ (reprint author), Box 65, Glen Haven, CO 80532 USA. EM osheatj@msn.com NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2016 VL 76 IS 4 BP 501 EP 508 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EL0KX UT WOS:000394312400011 ER PT J AU Lestina, J Cook, M Kumar, S Morisette, J Ode, PJ Peairs, F AF Lestina, Jordan Cook, Maxwell Kumar, Sunil Morisette, Jeffrey Ode, Paul J. Peairs, Frank TI MODIS Imagery Improves Pest Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Wheat Stem Sawfly (Cephus cinctus, Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Colorado, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MaxEnt; presence-only modeling; enhanced vegetation index; Cephus cinctus; wheat stem sawfly ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; NDVI; PARASITISM; TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY; RESPONSES; MONTANA; ECOLOGY AB Wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton, Hymenoptera: Cephidae) has long been a significant insect pest of spring, and more recently, winter wheat in the northern Great Plains. Wheat stem sawfly was first observed infesting winter wheat in Colorado in 2010 and, subsequently, has spread rapidly throughout wheat production regions of the state. Here, we used maximum entropy modeling (MaxEnt) to generate habitat suitability maps in order to predict the risk of crop damage as this species spreads throughout the winter wheat-growing regions of Colorado. We identified environmental variables that influence the current distribution of wheat stem sawfly in the state and evaluated whether remotely sensed variables improved model performance. We used presence localities of C. cinctus and climatic, topographic, soils, and normalized difference vegetation index and enhanced vegetation index data derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery as environmental variables. All models had high performance in that they were successful in predicting suitable habitat for C. cinctus in its current distribution in eastern Colorado. The enhanced vegetation index for the month of April improved model performance and was identified as a top contributor to MaxEnt model. Soil clay percent at 0-5 cm, temperature seasonality, and precipitation seasonality were also associated with C. cinctus distribution in Colorado. The improved model performance resulting from integrating vegetation indices in our study demonstrates the ability of remote sensing technologies to enhance species distribution modeling. These risk maps generated can assist managers in planning control measures for current infestations and assess the future risk of C. cinctus establishment in currently uninfested regions. C1 [Lestina, Jordan; Cook, Maxwell] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, 1001 West Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kumar, Sunil; Morisette, Jeffrey] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, 1231 East Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Morisette, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, North Cent Climate Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ode, Paul J.; Peairs, Frank] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, 307 Univ Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Lestina, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, 1001 West Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM jtlestin@rams.colostate.edu; mccook3@rams.colostate.edu; sunil.kumar@colostate.edu; morisettej@usgs.gov; Paul.Ode@colostate.edu; Frank.Peairs@colostate.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; NASA FX We thank the Geospatial Centroid at Colorado State University and the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory for providing logistical support. We thank Terri Randolph and Darren Cockrell, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, for collecting and providing C. cinctus occurrence data. We also thank Francine Lheritier, Natural Resource Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, for providing assistance with soils data. S. Kumar was partially supported by U.S. Geological Survey and NASA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1351 DI 10.1093/ee/nvw095 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EJ1BA UT WOS:000392943900002 PM 28028080 ER PT J AU Scott, Z Ginsberg, HS Alm, SR AF Scott, Zachary Ginsberg, Howard S. Alm, Steven R. TI Native Bee Diversity and Pollen Foraging Specificity in Cultivated Highbush Blueberry (Ericaceae: Vaccinium corymbosum) in Rhode Island SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Andrenidae; Apidae; Colletidae; Halictidae; Megachilidae ID LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY; FRUIT PRODUCTION; BUMBLE BEES; POLLINATION; HYMENOPTERA; APOIDEA; ABUNDANCE; WILD; REQUIREMENTS; BIOLOGY AB We identified 41 species of native bees from a total of 1,083 specimens collected at cultivated highbush blueberry plantings throughout Rhode Island in 2014 and 2015. Andrena spp., Bombus spp., and Xylocopa virginica (L.) were collected most often. Bombus griseocollis (DeGeer), B. impatiens Cresson, B. bimaculatus Cresson, B. perplexus Cresson, and Andrena vicina Smith collected the largest mean numbers of blueberry pollen tetrads. The largest mean percent blueberry pollen loads were carried by the miner bees Andrena bradleyi Viereck (91%), A. carolina Viereck (90%), and Colletes validus Cresson (87%). The largest mean total pollen grain loads were carried by B. griseocollis (549,844), B. impatiens (389,558), X. virginica (233,500), and B. bimaculatus (193,132). Xylocopa virginica was the fourth and fifth most commonly collected bee species in 2014 and 2015, respectively. They exhibit nectar robbing and females carried relatively low blueberry pollen loads (mean 33%). Overall, we found 10 species of bees to be the primary pollinators of blueberries in Rhode Island. C1 [Scott, Zachary; Alm, Steven R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Alm, SR (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM zachary_scott@my.uri.edu; hginsberg@uri.edu; ste-vealm@uri.edu NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1432 EP 1438 DI 10.1093/ee/nvw094 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EJ1BA UT WOS:000392943900012 PM 28028090 ER PT J AU Kelsey, KC Leffler, AJ Beard, KH Schmutz, JA Choi, RT Welker, JM AF Kelsey, K. C. Leffler, A. J. Beard, K. H. Schmutz, J. A. Choi, R. T. Welker, J. M. TI Interactions among vegetation, climate, and herbivory control greenhouse gas fluxes in a subarctic coastal wetland SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID YUKON-KUSKOKWIM DELTA; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; MIXED-EFFECTS MODELS; METHANE EMISSIONS; BLACK BRANT; ALASKA; TUNDRA; GEESE; CARBON; ECOSYSTEMS AB High-latitude ecosystems are experiencing the most rapid climate changes globally, and in many areas these changes are concurrent with shifts in patterns of herbivory. Individually, climate and herbivory are known to influence biosphere-atmosphere greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange; however, the interactive effects of climate and herbivory in driving GHG fluxes have been poorly quantified, especially in coastal systems that support large populations of migratory waterfowl. We investigated the magnitude and the climatic and physical controls of GHG exchange within the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta in western Alaska across four distinct vegetation communities formed by herbivory and local microtopography. Net CO2 flux was greatest in the ungrazed Carex meadow community (3.97 +/- 0.58 [SE] mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1)), but CH4 flux was greatest in the grazed community (14.00 +/- 6.56 nmol CH4 m(-2) s(-1)). The grazed community is also the only vegetation type where CH4 was a larger contributor than CO2 to overall GHG forcing. We found that vegetation community was an important predictor of CO2 and CH4 exchange, demonstrating that variation in regional gas exchange is best explained when the effect of grazing, determined by the difference between grazed and ungrazed communities, is included. Further, we identified an interaction between temperature and vegetation community, indicating that grazed regions could experience the greatest increases in CH4 emissions with warming. These results suggest that future GHG fluxes could be influenced by both climate and by changes in herbivore population dynamics that expand or contract the vegetation community most responsive to future temperature change. C1 [Kelsey, K. C.; Welker, J. M.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Leffler, A. J.] South Dakota State Univ, Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD USA. [Beard, K. H.; Choi, R. T.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Schmutz, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Kelsey, KC (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM kathyckelsey@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation Arctic System Science Program [1304523, 1304879]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University FX This work was conducted with support from the National Science Foundation Arctic System Science Program awards 1304523 and 1304879. This research was also supported by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, and approved as journal paper number 8901. We would like to thank John Ferguson, Lindsay Carlson, Robert Hicks, and Mike Sullivan for the field and laboratory assistance and John Pearce and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The data used are available from the NSF Arctic Data Center, identifiers: arctic-data.6192.1, arctic-data.6194.1, and arctic-data.6196.1. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 2960 EP 2975 DI 10.1002/2016JG003546 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA EJ3TL UT WOS:000393134800004 ER PT J AU Safak, I Warner, JC List, JH AF Safak, Ilgar Warner, John C. List, Jeffrey H. TI Barrier island breach evolution: Alongshore transport and bay-ocean pressure gradient interactions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID TIDAL INLET; SEASONAL CLOSURE AB Physical processes controlling repeated openings and closures of a barrier island breach between a bay and the open ocean are studied using aerial photographs and atmospheric and hydrodynamic observations. The breach site is located on Pea Island along the Outer Banks, separating Pamlico Sound from the Atlantic Ocean. Wind direction was a major control on the pressure gradients between the bay and the ocean to drive flows that initiate or maintain the breach opening. Alongshore sediment flux was found to be a major contributor to breach closure. During the analysis period from 2011 to 2016, three hurricanes had major impacts on the breach. First, Hurricane Irene opened the breach with wind-driven flow from bay to ocean in August 2011. Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 quadrupled the channel width from pressure gradient flows due to water levels that were first higher on the ocean side and then higher on the bay side. The breach closed sometime in Spring 2013, most likely due to an event associated with strong alongshore sediment flux but minimal ocean-bay pressure gradients. Then, in July 2014, Hurricane Arthur briefly opened the breach again from the bay side, in a similar fashion to Irene. In summary, opening and closure of breaches are shown to follow a dynamic and episodic balance between along-channel pressure gradient driven flows and alongshore sediment fluxes. C1 [Safak, Ilgar; Warner, John C.; List, Jeffrey H.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Safak, I (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM isafak@usgs.gov OI Safak, Ilgar/0000-0001-7675-0770 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 8720 EP 8730 DI 10.1002/2016JC012029 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EJ3VN UT WOS:000393140400017 ER PT J AU Shelly, DR Hardebeck, JL Ellsworth, WL Hill, DP AF Shelly, David R. Hardebeck, Jeanne L. Ellsworth, William L. Hill, David P. TI A new strategy for earthquake focal mechanisms using waveform-correlation-derived relative polarities and cluster analysis: Application to the 2014 Long Valley Caldera earthquake swarm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA HYPOCENTER RELOCATION; NORTHERN HAYWARD FAULT; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; CROSS-CORRELATION; MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; WEST BOHEMIA; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; AMPLITUDE RATIOS; CALAVERAS FAULT; SEISMICITY AB In microseismicity analyses, reliable focal mechanisms can typically be obtained for only a small subset of located events. We address this limitation here, presenting a framework for determining robust focal mechanisms for entire populations of very small events. To achieve this, we resolve relative P and S wave polarities between pairs of waveforms by using their signed correlation coefficientsa by-product of previously performed precise earthquake relocation. We then use cluster analysis to group events with similar patterns of polarities across the network. Finally, we apply a standard mechanism inversion to the grouped data, using either catalog or correlation-derived P wave polarity data sets. This approach has great potential for enhancing analyses of spatially concentrated microseismicity such as earthquake swarms, mainshock-aftershock sequences, and industrial reservoir stimulation or injection-induced seismic sequences. To demonstrate its utility, we apply this technique to the 2014 Long Valley Caldera earthquake swarm. In our analysis, 85% of the events (7212 out of 8494 located by Shelly et al. [2016]) fall within five well-constrained mechanism clusters, more than 12 times the number with network-determined mechanisms. Of the earthquakes we characterize, 3023 (42%) have magnitudes smaller than 0.0. We find that mechanism variations are strongly associated with corresponding hypocentral structure, yet mechanism heterogeneity also occurs where it cannot be resolved by hypocentral patterns, often confined to small-magnitude events. Small (520) rotations between mechanism orientations and earthquake location trends persist when we apply 3-D velocity models and might reflect a geometry of en echelon, interlinked shear, and dilational faulting. C1 [Shelly, David R.; Hardebeck, Jeanne L.; Ellsworth, William L.; Hill, David P.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ellsworth, William L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Shelly, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM dshelly@usgs.gov NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 8622 EP 8641 DI 10.1002/2016JB013437 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EJ4IY UT WOS:000393181500013 ER PT J AU Richey, JN Tierney, JE AF Richey, Julie N. Tierney, Jessica E. TI GDGT and alkenone flux in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Implications for the TEX86 and U-37(K ') paleothermometers SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ISOPRENOID TETRAETHER LIPIDS; LONG-CHAIN ALKENONES; DIALKYL GLYCEROL TETRAETHERS; FILAMENTOUS UPWELLING REGION; EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI; SINKING PARTICLES; MOLECULAR STRATIGRAPHY; GEPHYROCAPSA-OCEANICA; INDIAN-OCEAN AB The TEX86 and U-37(K') molecular biomarker proxies have been broadly applied in downcore marine sediments to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Although both TEX86 and U-37(K') have been interpreted as proxies for mean annual SST throughout the global ocean, regional studies of glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and alkenones in sinking particles are required to understand the influence of seasonality, depth distribution, and diagenesis on downcore variability. We measure GDGT and alkenone flux, as well as the TEX86 and U-37(K') indices in a 4 year sediment trap time series (2010-2014) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM), and compare these data with core-top sediments at the same location. GDGT and alkenone fluxes do not show a consistent seasonal cycle; however, the largest flux peaks for both occurs in winter. U-37(K') covaries with SST over the 4 year sampling interval, but the U-37(K') SST relationship in this data set implies a smaller slope or nonlinearity at high temperatures when compared with existing calibrations. Furthermore, the flux-weighted U-37(K') value from sinking particles is significantly lower than that of underlying core-top sediments, suggesting preferential diagenetic loss of the tri-unsaturated alkenone in sediments. TEX86 does not covary with SST, suggesting production in the subsurface upper water column. The flux-weighted mean TEX86 matches that of core-top sediments, confirming that TEX86 in the nGoM reflects local planktonic production rather than allochthonous or in situ sedimentary production. We explore potential sources of uncertainty in both proxies in the nGoM but demonstrate that they show nearly identical trends in twentieth century SST, despite these factors. C1 [Richey, Julie N.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Tierney, Jessica E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Tierney, Jessica E.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Richey, JN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM jrichey@usgs.gov OI Richey, Julie/0000-0002-2319-7980 FU USGS Climate and Land Use Research and Development Program FX We thank Eric Tappa, Caitlin Reynolds, Kaustubh Thirumalai, and the LUMCON crew of the R/V Pelican for ongoing maintenance of the sediment trap mooring. Thanks to Cole Spencer and Tess Busch for laboratory preparation of samples for geochemical analysis. Chris Smith and Marci Marot conducted 210Pb analyses for multicore chronology at the USGS, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. We thank K. Thirumalai and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on this manuscript. This research was supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use Research and Development Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. All new data presented in this study can be accessed in the USGS Data Release [Richey and Tierney, 2016], F76M350W. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0883-8305 EI 1944-9186 J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY JI Paleoceanography PD DEC PY 2016 VL 31 IS 12 BP 1547 EP 1561 DI 10.1002/2016PA003032 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology GA EJ4FT UT WOS:000393173000003 ER PT J AU Ebel, BA Rengers, FK Tucker, GE AF Ebel, Brian A. Rengers, Francis K. Tucker, Gregory E. TI Observed and simulated hydrologic response for a first-order catchment during extreme rainfall 3 years after wildfire disturbance SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; COLORADO-FRONT-RANGE; OVERLAND-FLOW GENERATION; SOUTH-EAST AUSTRALIA; EROSION PROCESSES; FOREST-FIRE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; BURN SEVERITY; SUBSURFACE HETEROGENEITY AB Hydrologic response to extreme rainfall in disturbed landscapes is poorly understood because of the paucity of measurements. A unique opportunity presented itself when extreme rainfall in September 2013 fell on a headwater catchment (i.e., < 1 ha) in Colorado, USA that had previously been burned by a wildfire in 2010. We compared measurements of soil-hydraulic properties, soil saturation from subsurface sensors, and estimated peak runoff during the extreme rainfall with numerical simulations of runoff generation and subsurface hydrologic response during this event. The simulations were used to explore differences in runoff generation between the wildfire-affected headwater catchment, a simulated unburned case, and for uniform versus spatially variable parameterizations of soil-hydraulic properties that affect infiltration and runoff generation in burned landscapes. Despite 3 years of elapsed time since the 2010 wildfire, observations and simulations pointed to substantial surface runoff generation in the wildfire-affected headwater catchment by the infiltration-excess mechanism while no surface runoff was generated in the unburned case. The surface runoff generation was the result of incomplete recovery of soil-hydraulic properties in the burned area, suggesting recovery takes longer than 3 years. Moreover, spatially variable soil-hydraulic property parameterizations produced longer duration but lower peak-flow infiltration-excess runoff, compared to uniform parameterization, which may have important hillslope sediment export and geomorphologic implications during long duration, extreme rainfall. The majority of the simulated surface runoff in the spatially variable cases came from connected near-channel contributing areas, which was a substantially smaller contributing area than the uniform simulations. C1 [Ebel, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Rengers, Francis K.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Tucker, Gregory E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Tucker, Gregory E.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Ebel, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM bebel@usgs.gov OI TUCKER, GREGORY/0000-0003-0364-5800; Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-5413-3963 FU CIRES Visiting Fellowship Program; National Research Program (NRP) of the USGS FX D. Martin and S. Murphy provided thoughtful discussion regarding wildfire influences during the 2013 Colorado storms. J. Moody, C. Luce, and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful manuscript feedback. B.A.E. was supported during this work by the CIRES Visiting Fellowship Program and by the National Research Program (NRP) of the USGS. Any use of trade, firm, or industry names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government or the University of Colorado. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. All data are available from the first author upon request. NR 148 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 12 BP 9367 EP 9389 DI 10.1002/2016WR019110 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA EJ6HV UT WOS:000393321000012 ER PT J AU Bassiouni, M Vogel, RM Archfield, SA AF Bassiouni, Maoya Vogel, Richard M. Archfield, Stacey A. TI Panel regressions to estimate low-flow response to rainfall variability in ungaged basins SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGIC REGRESSION; STREAMFLOW; MODEL; CLIMATE; ELASTICITY; PROJECTIONS AB Multicollinearity and omitted-variable bias are major limitations to developing multiple linear regression models to estimate streamflow characteristics in ungaged areas and varying rainfall conditions. Panel regression is used to overcome limitations of traditional regression methods, and obtain reliable model coefficients, in particular to understand the elasticity of streamflow to rainfall. Using annual rainfall and selected basin characteristics at 86 gaged streams in the Hawaiian Islands, regional regression models for three stream classes were developed to estimate the annual low-flow duration discharges. Three panel-regression structures (random effects, fixed effects, and pooled) were compared to traditional regression methods, in which space is substituted for time. Results indicated that panel regression generally was able to reproduce the temporal behavior of streamflow and reduce the standard errors of model coefficients compared to traditional regression, even for models in which the unobserved heterogeneity between streams is significant and the variance inflation factor for rainfall is much greater than 10. This is because both spatial and temporal variability were better characterized in panel regression. In a case study, regional rainfall elasticities estimated from panel regressions were applied to ungaged basins on Maui, using available rainfall projections to estimate plausible changes in surface-water availability and usable stream habitat for native species. The presented panel-regression framework is shown to offer benefits over existing traditional hydrologic regression methods for developing robust regional relations to investigate streamflow response in a changing climate. C1 [Bassiouni, Maoya] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. [Vogel, Richard M.] Tufts Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Archfield, Stacey A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Bassiouni, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. EM bassioum@oregonstate.edu OI Archfield, Stacey/0000-0002-9011-3871 FU U.S. Department of the Interior, Pacific Islands Climate Science Center FX This study was funded by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Pacific Islands Climate Science Center. Delwyn Oki provided very helpful insights that improved this study's conception, results, and manuscript. We thank three anonymous reviewers, the journal editors, and David Wolock for their constructive suggestions on an earlier version of the manuscript. All data sets used in this study were downloaded from publicly available sources: stream discharge data for the sites listed in Table 1 are available through the USGS, National Water Information System [http://waterdata.usgs.gov/hi/nwis/nwis]; geospatial data sets for watershed delineation and characterization are available through the USGS StreamStats web application [http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/680/]; gridded data of existing landcover area available through the USGS Landfire Program [http://www.landfire.gov/data_overviews.php]; geologic characteristics are available through the USGS [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1089/]; digital maps of soil properties are available through the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service [http://sdmdataaccess.nrcs.usda.gov/]; monthly mean gridded rainfall data and month-year maps for 1920-2007 are available through the University of Hawaii, Department of Geography [http://rainfall.geography.hawaii.edu/]; downscaled rainfall anomalies for 2090-2109 derived from CMIP3 and the A1B emission scenario are available through the University of Hawaii, International Pacific Research Center [http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/datadoc/hrcm.php]; downscaled rainfall anomalies for 2071-99 derived from CMIP5 and the RCP8.5 emission scenario are available through the University of Albany, Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [http://www.atmos.albany.edu/facstaff/timm/SDSRA-HI-V2.zip]. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 12 BP 9470 EP 9494 DI 10.1002/2016WR018718 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA EJ6HV UT WOS:000393321000017 ER PT J AU Hostetler, SW Alder, JR AF Hostetler, S. W. Alder, J. R. TI Implementation and evaluation of a monthly water balance model over the US on an 800 m grid SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION INPUT; RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL; CLIMATE; TEMPERATURE; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION; STREAMFLOW; DROUGHT; PATTERNS AB We simulate the 1950-2010 water balance for the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) with a monthly water balance model (MWBM) using the 800 m Parameter-elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) data set as model input. We employed observed snow and streamflow data sets to guide modification of the snow and potential evapotranspiration components in the default model and to evaluate model performance. Based on various metrics and sensitivity tests, the modified model yields reasonably good simulations of seasonal snowpack in the West (range of bias of 650 mm at 68% of 713 SNOTEL sites), the gradients and magnitudes of actual evapotranspiration, and runoff ( median correlation of 0.83 and median Nash-Sutcliff efficiency of 0.6 between simulated and observed annual time series at 1427 USGS gage sites). The model generally performs well along the Pacific Coast, the high elevations of the Basin and Range and over the Midwest and East, but not as well over the dry areas of the Southwest and upper Plains regions due, in part, to the apportioning of direct versus delayed runoff. Sensitivity testing and application of the MWBM to simulate the future water balance at four National Parks when driven by 30 climate models from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program Phase 5 (CMIP5) demonstrate that the model is useful for evaluating first-order, climate driven hydrologic change on monthly and annual time scales. C1 [Hostetler, S. W.; Alder, J. R.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Hostetler, SW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM steve@coas.oregonstate.edu FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use, Research and Development Program; National Research Program FX We thank G. McCabe for model discussions and B. Thrasher and F. Melton for providing the downscaled NEX-DCP30 data. The NEX-DCP30 data are now available at https://cds.nccs.nasa.gov/nex/. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme and the participating climate modeling centers for making the original CMIP5 data available. We thank P. Bartlein, G. Pederson, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments. We also thank the scientific computing group of the College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University for computing support. Summarized climate and water balance model output will be available for viewing and downloading through our National Climate Change Viewer (NCCV) at https://www2.usgs.gov/climate_landuse/clu_rd/nccv.asp. This work was supported by the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use, Research and Development Program and National Research Program. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 12 BP 9600 EP 9620 DI 10.1002/2016WR018665 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA EJ6HV UT WOS:000393321000024 ER PT J AU Jung, JF Combs, DL Sowl, KM AF Jung, Jacob F. Combs, Daniel L. Sowl, Kristine M. TI HABITAT SELECTION BY BRISTLE-THIGHED CURLEWS (NUMENIUS TAHITIENSIS) BREEDING WITHIN THE SOUTHERN NULATO HILLS, ALASKA SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Bristle-thighed Curlews; habitat selection; Nulato Hills; Numenius tahitiensis; shrubs ID NEST SUCCESS; AVAILABILITY; ABUNDANCE; BIRDS AB Bristle-thighed Curlews (Numenius tahitiensis, hereafter 'curlews') breed only on low Arctic tundra in the southern Nulato Hills of the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge (NVVR) and on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Curlews use several distinct habitat types on the breeding grounds; however, quantified data of habitat use by curlews exist only for the Seward Peninsula. We investigated which available habitats on the breeding grounds were used most often by curlews in the Nulato Hills and compared availability with use to determine habitat selection using a land cover layer created in ArcGIS based on aerial photography and ground referenced locations. We also compared curlew habitat usage at our study site to habitats used on the Seward Peninsula. We used vegetation quadrats to determine plant composition within each habitat. We also determined percentage of habitat and plant composition within curlew territories. Curlews preferred shrub meadow tundra which consisted primarily of lichens (>50%), mixed with graminoid/herbaceous plants (similar to 13%) and few dwarf shrubs. Medium/tall shrub habitats, especially tall shrub thickets, were generally avoided by curlews on the ground, but the curlews were commonly observed flying and displaying over the shrubs. Low shrub tussock tundra and sedge wet meadows were occasionally used by curlews but not to the extent of shrub meadow tundra. The avoidance by curlews of areas with medium to tall shrubs was probably related to potential predation risks associated with reduced visibility in these habitats. Habitat selection was similar for both breeding populations of curlews, except curlews at our study site used shrub meadow tundra more frequently and low shrub tussock tundra and sedge wet meadow to a lesser degree than on the Seward Peninsula. Habitats differed in number of berry-producing plants. Berry-producing plants were predicted to be highest in the habitat curlews selected most (i.e., shrub meadow tundra); however, they were most abundant in habitats associated with tussocks. C1 [Jung, Jacob F.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Sch Environm Studies, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Combs, Daniel L.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, 1100 N Dixie Ave,POB 5063, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Sowl, Kristine M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Delta Natl Wildlife Refuge, State Highway,POB 346, Bethel, AK 99559 USA. [Jung, Jacob F.] US Army Corp Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,Bldg 3270, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jung, JF (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Sch Environm Studies, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.; Jung, JF (reprint author), US Army Corp Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,Bldg 3270, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Jacob.F.Jung@usace.army.mil FU Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge; Center for the Management, Utilization and Protection of Water Resources at Tennessee Technological University; Department of Biology at Tennessee Technological University; Environmental Sciences Program at Tennessee Technological University FX We thank T. Doolittle for his involvement in initiating the project and assisting in securing funding. We thank A. Lereculeur, S. van den Eertwegh, C. Porter, K. Babayan, D. Kersey, and M. L. Sethi for collecting data on curlews at the ACS. We thank B. J. McCaffery, T. L. Tibbitts, and R. E. Gill for sharing their curlew expertise. This research was funded by the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge and the Center for the Management, Utilization and Protection of Water Resources, Department of Biology, and the Environmental Sciences Program at Tennessee Technological University. The ethical use of animals in this study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee by U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (permit 2009003). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 128 IS 4 BP 727 EP 737 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EJ5MR UT WOS:000393262800004 ER PT J AU Slover, CL Katzner, TE AF Slover, Christina L. Katzner, Todd E. TI EASTERN WHIP-POOR-WILLS (ANTROSTOMUS VOCIFERUS) ARE POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH LOW ELEVATION FOREST IN THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antrostomus vociferus; Eastern Whip-poor-will; elevation; forest edge; land cover types; occupancy modeling; predictive map ID ECOLOGY AB Populations of the Eastern Whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus) are thought to be declining because of a range of potential factors including habitat loss, pesticide use, and predation. However, this species is nocturnal and, as a consequence, it is poorly studied, and its population status is not well assessed by traditional diurnal bird surveys. We used nocturnal road surveys to study habitat associations and distribution of Eastern Whip-poor-wills to better understand and contextualize their population status and to provide a framework for subsequent research and management. We used occupancy models to associate presence of Eastern Whip-poor-wills with habitat characteristics. Global models with habitat associations at a radius of 1600 m (1.0-ha area) were the best supported by the data, suggesting that this was the scale at which the species responded to the habitat parameters we measured. At this scale, Eastern Whip-poor-wills most frequently occupied areas lower in elevation and characterized by forested, herbaceous, and wetland cover types. In contrast, high elevation conifer forest communities had substantially fewer Eastern Whip-poor-wills. Detection rates were positively correlated with moon visibility and negatively correlated with noise. We used the results of our surveys to generate a regional model to predict distributions of Eastern Whip-poor-wills and that can be used as a framework for future management. Our results suggest that succession of agricultural fields and other clearings into forested habitats with dense understory may be a contributing factor to ongoing declines of Eastern Whip-poor-wills. C1 [Slover, Christina L.; Katzner, Todd E.] West Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Slover, Christina L.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, POB 6057, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Slover, CL; Katzner, TE (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.; Katzner, TE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.; Slover, CL (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, POB 6057, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM sloverc524@gmail.com; tkatzner@usgs.gov FU United States Forest Service FX Funding for this project was provided by the United States Forest Service. T. Schuler and the staff at the USFS Northern Research Station provided access and logistical support for the research, and J. Phillips and K. Pangman assisted with data collection. M. Braham assisted with mapping. P.B. Wood, J. Edwards, S. Stoleson, J. Hagar, P. Hunt, and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on early drafts of the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Statement of author contributions: CLS and TEK designed the study and wrote the manuscript, CLS led data collection and analysis. This is Scientific Article No. 3284 of the West Virginia Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Morgantown. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 128 IS 4 BP 846 EP 856 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EJ5MR UT WOS:000393262800016 ER PT J AU Katzner, T AF Katzner, Todd TI Hanging out at the Airport: Unusual Upside-down Perching Behavior by Eurasian Jackdaws (Corvus monedula) in a Human-dominated Environment SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE built environment; Corvus monedula; Eurasian Jackdaw; upside-down perching ID COMMON RAVENS AB Animals occupying human-dominated environments show the capacity for behavioral flexibility. Corvids are among the most intelligent synanthropic bird species. During a layover at Schipol Airport in Amsterdam, Netherlands, I photographically documented Eurasian Jackdaws (Corvus monedula) perching upside down from a building cornice. In contrast to other reports of hanging birds, these jackdaws did not forage or play while upside down and appeared to use the perching spot to observe their surroundings. Although Corvids and Psittacines are known to hang upside down, especially in captive situations, such behaviors are rarely documented in the wild, and never before in association with human-built structures. C1 [Katzner, Todd] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. RP Katzner, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. EM tkatzner@usgs.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 128 IS 4 BP 926 EP 930 PG 5 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EJ5MR UT WOS:000393262800028 ER PT J AU Walaszczyk, I Kennedy, MJ McKinney, KC AF Walaszczyk, Ireneusz Kennedy, William J. McKinney, Kevin C. TI William Aubrey "Bill" Cobban 31th December 1916-21st April 2015 SO ACTA GEOLOGICA POLONICA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Walaszczyk, Ireneusz] Univ Warsaw, Fac Geol, Al Zwirki & Wigury 93, PL-02089 Warsaw, Poland. [Kennedy, William J.] Univ Oxford, Museum Nat Hist, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PW, England. [McKinney, Kevin C.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Walaszczyk, I (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Geol, Al Zwirki & Wigury 93, PL-02089 Warsaw, Poland. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, UNIV WARSAW, GEOLOGY DEPT PI WARSZAWA PA PL DEFILAD 1, WARSZAWA, 00-901, POLAND SN 0001-5709 EI 2300-1887 J9 ACTA GEOL POL JI Acta Geol. Pol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 66 IS 4 BP I EP II DI 10.1515/agp-2016-0029 PN 1 PG 2 WC Geology SC Geology GA EI8HK UT WOS:000392746600001 ER PT J AU Scharf, HR Hooten, MB Fosdick, BK Johnson, DS London, JM Durban, JW AF Scharf, Henry R. Hooten, Mevin B. Fosdick, Bailey K. Johnson, Devin S. London, Josh M. Durban, John W. TI DYNAMIC SOCIAL NETWORKS BASED ON MOVEMENT SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Dynamic social network; animal movement; Orcinus orca; hidden Markov model; Gaussian Markov random field ID ANIMAL TELEMETRY DATA; KILLER WHALES; SPACE MODELS; PATTERNS; ANTARCTICA AB Network modeling techniques provide a means for quantifying social structure in populations of individuals. Data used to define social connectivity are often expensive to collect and based on case-specific, ad hoc criteria. Moreover, in applications involving animal social networks, collection of these data is often opportunistic and can be invasive. Frequently, the social network of interest for a given population is closely related to the way individuals move. Thus, telemetry data, which are minimally invasive and relatively inexpensive to collect, present an alternative source of information. We develop a framework for using telemetry data to infer social relationships among animals. To achieve this, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model with an underlying dynamic social network controlling movement of individuals via two mechanisms: an attractive effect and an aligning effect. We demonstrate the model and its ability to accurately identify complex social behavior in simulation, and apply our model to telemetry data arising from killer whales. Using auxiliary information about the study population, we investigate model validity and find the inferred dynamic social network is consistent with killer whale ecology and expert knowledge. C1 [Scharf, Henry R.; Hooten, Mevin B.; Fosdick, Bailey K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife res UNIT, 201 JVK WAGAR BLDG, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Johnson, Devin S.; London, Josh M.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, ALASKA FISHERIES Sci Ctr, 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Durban, John W.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Oceanic & atmospher Adm, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Scharf, HR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM henry.scharf@colostate.edu; mevin.hooten@colostate.edu; bailey.fosdick@colostate.edu FU Lindblad Expeditions; National Geographic Society; NSF rapid grant FX Killer whale tagging was conducted under permit #14097 from the National Marine Fisheries Service and Antarctic Conservation Act permit #2009-013. Shipboard tagging operations were supported by Lindblad Expeditions and the National Geographic Society, and by an NSF rapid grant to Ari Friedlaender. Robert Pitman helped with tag deployments and identification of killer whale types in the field. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 2182 EP 2202 DI 10.1214/16-AOAS970 PG 21 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA EI9HR UT WOS:000392819100022 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SB Lazarus, ED Limber, PW Goldstein, EB Thorpe, C Ballinger, RC AF Armstrong, Scott B. Lazarus, Eli D. Limber, Patrick W. Goldstein, Evan B. Thorpe, Curtis Ballinger, Rhoda C. TI Indications of a positive feedback between coastal development and beach nourishment SO Earths Future LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; RISK PERCEPTIONS; FLOOD INSURANCE; BARRIER ISLANDS; MANAGEMENT; ECONOMICS; EROSION; SYSTEMS; ZONE AB Beach nourishment, a method for mitigating coastal storm damage or chronic erosion by deliberately replacing sand on an eroded beach, has been the leading form of coastal protection in the United States for four decades. However, investment in hazard protection can have the unintended consequence of encouraging development in places especially vulnerable to damage. In a comprehensive, parcel-scale analysis of all shorefront single-family homes in the state of Florida, we find that houses in nourishing zones are significantly larger and more numerous than in non-nourishing zones. The predominance of larger homes in nourishing zones suggests a positive feedback between nourishment and development that is compounding coastal risk in zones already characterized by high vulnerability. C1 [Armstrong, Scott B.; Lazarus, Eli D.] Univ Southampton, Geog & Environm Unit, Environm Dynam Lab, Southampton, Hants, England. [Limber, Patrick W.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Goldstein, Evan B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Thorpe, Curtis; Ballinger, Rhoda C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Ballinger, Rhoda C.] Cardiff Univ, Sustainable Places Res Inst, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. RP Armstrong, SB; Lazarus, ED (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Geog & Environm Unit, Environm Dynam Lab, Southampton, Hants, England. EM S.B.Armstrong@soton.ac.uk; E.D.Lazarus@soton.ac.uk OI Goldstein, Evan/0000-0001-9358-1016; Lazarus, Eli/0000-0003-2404-9661; Armstrong, Scott/0000-0001-9567-5964 FU Welsh Government; HEFCW through Ser Cymru National Research Network for Low Carbon, Energy and Environment RESILCOAST Project; Cardiff Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme (CUROP); UK NERC BLUEcoast project [NE/N015665/2] FX This work was supported in part by funding (to E.D.L. and R.C.B) from Welsh Government and HEFCW through the Ser Cymru National Research Network for Low Carbon, Energy and the Environment RESILCOAST Project, by the Cardiff Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme (CUROP; to E.D.L. and C.T.), and is a contribution (via E.D.L.) to the UK NERC BLUEcoast project (NE/N015665/2). The authors thank A. Coburn (PSDS) for data support, and thank reviewers and the journal editors for their constructive comments. Links to publicly accessible data sources used in this work are listed in Table S3. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2328-4277 J9 EARTHS FUTURE JI Earth Future PD DEC PY 2016 VL 4 IS 12 BP 626 EP 635 DI 10.1002/2016EF000425 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EI9FO UT WOS:000392813400008 ER PT J AU Proctor, B Lockner, DA AF Proctor, B. Lockner, D. A. TI Pseudotachylyte increases the post-slip strength of faults SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EARTHQUAKES; ZONE; MECHANISM AB Solidified frictional melts, or pseudotachylytes, are observed in exhumed faults from across the seismogenic zone. These unique fault rocks, and many experimental studies, suggest that frictional melting can be an important process during earthquakes. However, it remains unknown how melting affects the post-slip strength of the fault and why many exhumed faults do not contain pseudotachylyte. Analyses of triaxial stick-slip events on Westerly Granite (Rhode Island, USA) sawcuts at confining pressures from 50 to 400 MPa show evidence for frictional heating, including some events energetic enough to generate surface melt. Total and partial stress drops were observed with slip as high as 6.5 mm. We find that in dry samples following melt-producing stick slip, the shear failure strength increased as much as 50 MPa, while wet samples had <10 MPa strengthening. Microstructural analysis indicates that the strengthening is caused by welding of the slip surface during melt quenching, suggesting that natural pseudotachylytes may also strengthen faults after earthquakes. These results predict that natural pseudotachylyte will inhibit slip reactivation and possibly generate stress heterogeneities along faults. Wet samples do not exhibit melt welding, possibly because of thermal pressurization of water reducing frictional heating during slip. C1 [Proctor, B.; Lockner, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Proctor, B (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. OI Proctor, Brooks/0000-0002-4878-8728 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 44 IS 12 BP 1003 EP 1006 DI 10.1130/G38349.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA EI8CY UT WOS:000392733800009 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, JA Aiken, GR Swanson, DK Panda, S Butler, KD Baltensperger, AP AF O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Aiken, George R. Swanson, David K. Panda, Santosh Butler, Kenna D. Baltensperger, Andrew P. TI Dissolved organic matter composition of Arctic rivers: Linking permafrost and parent material to riverine carbon SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; INTERIOR ALASKA; THAW; ECOSYSTEMS; USA; FLUORESCENCE; CATCHMENT; STREAMS AB Recent climate change in the Arctic is driving permafrost thaw, which has important implications for regional hydrology and global carbon dynamics. Permafrost is an important control on groundwater dynamics and the amount and chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) transported by high-latitude rivers. The consequences of permafrost thaw for riverine DOM dynamics will likely vary across space and time, due in part to spatial variation in ecosystem properties in Arctic watersheds. Here we examined watershed controls on DOM composition in 69 streams and rivers draining heterogeneous landscapes across a broad region of Arctic Alaska. We characterized DOM using bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, optical properties, and chemical fractionation and classified watersheds based on permafrost characteristics (mapping of parent material and ground ice content, modeling of thermal state) and ecotypes. Parent material and ground ice content significantly affected the amount and composition of DOM. DOC concentrations were higher in watersheds underlain by fine-grained loess compared to watersheds underlain by coarse-grained sand or shallow bedrock. DOC concentration was also higher in rivers draining ice-rich landscapes compared to rivers draining ice-poor landscapes. Similarly, specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA(254), an index of DOM aromaticity) values were highest in watersheds underlain by fine-grained deposits or ice-rich permafrost. We also observed differences in hydrophobic organic acids, hydrophilic compounds, and DOM fluorescence across watersheds. Both DOC concentration and SUVA(254) were negatively correlated with watershed active layer thickness, as determined by high-resolution permafrost modeling. Together, these findings highlight how spatial variations in permafrost physical and thermal properties can influence riverine DOM. C1 [O'Donnell, Jonathan A.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK USA. [Aiken, George R.; Butler, Kenna D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA. [Swanson, David K.; Baltensperger, Andrew P.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Panda, Santosh] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP O'Donnell, JA (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK USA. EM jaodonnell@nps.gov OI Panda, Santosh/0000-0003-1990-9479 FU National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; U.S. Geological Survey's National Research Program; U.S. Geological Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystems program FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and Josh Koch for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank Sara Breitmeyer for helping with DOM analyses. The National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program provided funding for this study. The U.S. Geological Survey's National Research Program and Changing Arctic Ecosystems program provided additional support. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. George Aiken and Kenna Butler did not materially contribute to the model application described in this publication. Most data can be accessed via the National Park Service's Integrated Resource Management Application (IRMA) website (https://irma.nps.gov) or by contacting the authors directly. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD DEC PY 2016 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1811 EP 1826 DI 10.1002/2016GB005482 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EJ0UY UT WOS:000392927300004 ER PT J AU Iverson, RM George, DL Logan, M AF Iverson, Richard M. George, David L. Logan, Matthew TI Debris flow runup on vertical barriers and adverse slopes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID AVALANCHES; DYNAMICS AB Runup of debris flows against obstacles in their paths is a complex process that involves profound flow deceleration and redirection. We investigate the dynamics and predictability of runup by comparing results from large-scale laboratory experiments, four simple analytical models, and a depth-integrated numerical model (D-Claw). The experiments and numerical simulations reveal the important influence of unsteady, multidimensional flow on runup, and the analytical models highlight key aspects of the underlying physics. Runup against a vertical barrier normal to the flow path is dominated by rapid development of a shock, or jump in flow height, associated with abrupt deceleration of the flow front. By contrast, runup on sloping obstacles is initially dominated by a smooth flux of mass and momentum from the flow body to the flow front, which precedes shock development and commonly increases the runup height. D-Claw simulations that account for the emergence of shocks show that predicted runup heights vary systematically with the adverse slope angle and also with the Froude number and degree of liquefaction (or effective basal friction) of incoming flows. They additionally clarify the strengths and limitations of simplified analytical models. Numerical simulations based on a priori knowledge of the evolving dynamics of incoming flows yield quite accurate runup predictions. Less predictive accuracy is attained in ab initio simulations that compute runup based solely on knowledge of static debris properties in a distant debris flow source area. Nevertheless, the paucity of inputs required in ab initio simulations enhances their prospective value in runup forecasting. C1 [Iverson, Richard M.; George, David L.; Logan, Matthew] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. RP Iverson, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. EM riverson@usgs.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 2333 EP 2357 DI 10.1002/2016JF003933 PG 25 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EI9MI UT WOS:000392831800005 ER PT J AU Duan, YJ Madenjian, CP Xie, CX Diana, JS O'Brien, TP Zhao, YM He, JX Farha, SA Huo, B AF Duan, You J. Madenjian, Charles P. Xie, Cong X. Diana, James S. O'Brien, Timothy P. Zhao, Ying M. He, Ji X. Farha, Steven A. Huo, Bin TI Age and growth of round gobies. in Lake Huron: Implications for food web dynamics SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Age structure; Mortality; Round goby; Spatial variation in growth; Top-down control ID GOBY NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; MICHIGAN; INVASION; ERIE; ONTARIO; MORTALITY; PREDATION; PISCIVORY; PATTERNS; OTOLITHS AB Although the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) has become established throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes, information is scarce on spatial variation in round goby growth between and within lakes. Based on a sample of 754 specimens captured in 2014, age, growth, and mortality of round gobies at four locations in Lake Huron were assessed via otolith analysis. Total length (TL) of round gobies ranged from 44 to 111 mm for Saginaw Bay, from 45 to 115 mm for Rockport, from 50 to 123 mm for Hammond Bay, and from 51 to 118 mm for Thunder Bay. Estimated ages of round gobies ranged from 2 to 5 years for Saginaw Bay, from 2 to 6 years for Rockport, and from 2 to 7 years for Hammond Bay and Thunder Bay. Sex-specific, body-otolith relationships were used to back-calculate total lengths at age, which were then fitted to von Bertalanffy growth models. For each sex, round goby growth showed significant spatial variation among the four locations within Lake Huron. At all four locations in Lake Huron, males grew significantly faster than females and attained a larger asymptotic length than females. Annual mortality rate estimates were high (62 to 85%), based on catch-curve analysis, suggesting that round gobies may be under predatory control in Lake Huron. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Duan, You J.; Xie, Cong X.; Huo, Bin] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Madenjian, Charles P.; O'Brien, Timothy P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Diana, James S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [He, Ji X.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lake Huron Res Stn, 160 East Fletcher St, Alpena, MI 49707 USA. [Zhao, Ying M.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Aquat Res & Dev Sect, 320 Milo Rd, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada. [Farha, Steven A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM huobin@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU Chinese Scholarship Council FX We thank Andrew Briggs of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge for providing round gobies from Rockport, Todd Wills and Mike Thomas of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources Lake St. Clair Fisheries Research Station for providing round gobies from Saginaw Bay, Henry Thompson and Zach Wickert of the USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station for collection of round gobies in Hammond Bay; Patrick Hudson and Kevin Keeler for assisting with the use of the microscope-camera system, David Bennion for preparing the map and David Jude for reviewing the draft manuscript and providing helpful suggestions for its improvement. This study was funded, in part, by the Chinese Scholarship Council. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This article is Contribution 2081 of the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1443 EP 1451 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.010 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EI5VL UT WOS:000392564300028 ER PT J AU Johnson, NS Brenden, TO Swink, WD Lipps, MA AF Johnson, Nicholas S. Brenden, Travis O. Swink, William D. Lipps, Mathew A. TI Survival and metamorphosis of larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) residing in Lakes Michigan and Huron near river mouths SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Larvae; Survival; Metamorphosis; Lentic; Petromyzon marinus; Tag-recovery ID GREAT-LAKES; LAMPRICIDE TREATMENT; PACIFIC LAMPREY; GROWTH; STREAMS; ABUNDANCE; MANAGEMENT; DENSITY; MODELS; LENGTH AB Although population demographics of larval lampreys in streams have been studied extensively, demographics in lake environments have not. Here, we estimated survival and rates of metamorphosis for larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations residing in the Great Lakes near river mouths (hereafter termed lentic areas). Tagged larvae were stocked and a Bayesian multi-state tag-recovery model was used to investigate population parameters associated with tag recovery, including survival and metamorphosis probabilities. Compared to previous studies of larvae in streams, larval growth in lentic areas was substantially slower (Brody growth coefficient = 0.00132; estimate based on the recovery of six tagged larvae), survival was slightly greater (annual survival = 63%), and the length at which 50% of the larvae would be expected to metamorphose was substantially shorter (126 mm). Stochastic simulations were used to estimate the production of parasitic stage (juvenile) sea lamprey from a hypothetical population of larvae in a lentic environment. Production of juvenile sea lamprey was substantial because, even though larval growth in these environments was slow relative to stream environments, survival was high and length at metamorphosis was less. However, estimated production of juvenile sea lamprey was less for the lentic environment than for similar simulations for river environments where larvae grew faster. In circumstances where the cost to kill a larva with lampricide was equal and control funds are limited, sea lamprey control effort may be best directed toward larvae in streams with fast-growing larvae, because stream produced larvae will most likely contribute to juvenile sea lamprey populations. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Johnson, Nicholas S.; Swink, William D.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Brenden, Travis O.] Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lipps, Mathew A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ludington Biol Stn, 229 S Jebavy Dr, Ludington, MI 49431 USA. EM njohnson@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission Sea Lamprey Research Program FX We thank the Great Lakes Fishery Commission Sea Lamprey Research Program for funding this research, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada for assistance with all aspects of the study, including larval collections, larval assessments, treatment collections, and adult collections. Mike Steeves and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Support for T. Brenden was provided by contributing partners of the Michigan State University (MSU) Quantitative Fisheries Center, which includes Council of Lake Committee Agencies, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, MSU's College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, MSU Extension, and MSU AgBioResearch. This article is contribution 2016-17 of the Quantitative Fisheries Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1461 EP 1469 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.09.003 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EI5VL UT WOS:000392564300030 ER PT J AU Beever, EA Perrine, JD Rickman, T Flores, M Clark, JP Waters, C Weber, SS Yardley, B Thoma, D Chesley-Preston, T Goehring, KE Magnuson, M Nordensten, N Nelson, M Collins, GH AF Beever, Erik A. Perrine, John D. Rickman, Tom Flores, Mary Clark, John P. Waters, Cassie Weber, Shana S. Yardley, Braden Thoma, David Chesley-Preston, Tara Goehring, Kenneth E. Magnuson, Michael Nordensten, Nancy Nelson, Melissa Collins, Gail H. TI Pika (Ochotona princeps) losses from two isolated regions reflect temperature and water balance, but reflect habitat area in a mainland region SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE climatic water balance; DAYMET; habitat area; hydrographic Great Basin; local range contraction; logistic regression; northeastern California; Ochotona; pika; Utah national parks ID SPECIES OPTIMUM ELEVATIONS; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; DRIVE DOWNHILL SHIFTS; WESTERN GREAT-BASIN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AMERICAN PIKA; GLOBAL CHANGE; INSULAR BIOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; COMPLEX TERRAIN AB Although biotic responses to contemporary climate change are spatially pervasive and often reflect synergies between climate and other ecological disturbances, the relative importance of climatic factors versus habitat extent for species persistence remains poorly understood. To address this shortcoming, we performed surveys for American pikas (Ochotona princeps) at > 910 locations in 3 geographic regions of western North America during 2014 and 2015, complementing earlier modern (1994-2013) and historical (1898-1990) surveys. We sought to compare extirpation rates and the relative importance of climatic factors versus habitat area for pikas in a mainland-versus-islands framework. In each region, we found widespread evidence of distributional loss-local extirpations, upslope retractions, and encounter of only old sign. Locally comprehensive surveys suggest extirpation of O. princeps from 5 of 9 new sites from the hydrographic Great Basin and from 11 of 29 sites in northeastern California. Although American pikas were recorded as recently as 2011 in Zion National Park and in 2012 from Cedar Breaks National Monument in Utah, O. princeps now appears extirpated from all reported localities in both park units. Multiple logistic regressions for each region suggested that both temperature-related and water-balance-related variables estimated from DAYMET strongly explained pika persistence at sites in the Great Basin and in Utah but not in the Sierra-Cascade "mainland" portion of northeastern California. Conversely, talus-habitat area did not predict American pika persistence in the Great Basin or Utah but strongly predicted persistence in the Sierra-Cascade mainland. These results not only add new areas to our understanding of long-term trend of the American pika's distribution, but also can inform decisions regarding allocation of conservation effort and management actions. Burgeoning research on species such as O. princeps has collectively demonstrated the heterogeneity and nuance with which climate can act on the distribution of mountain-dwelling mammals. C1 [Beever, Erik A.; Chesley-Preston, Tara] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Ste 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Beever, Erik A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Perrine, John D.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Rickman, Tom] US Forest Serv, Lassen Natl Forest, 477-050 Eagle Lake Rd, Susanville, CA 96130 USA. [Flores, Mary; Clark, John P.] US Forest Serv, Modoc Natl Forest, 225 West 8th St, Alturas, CA 96101 USA. [Waters, Cassie] Natl Pk Serv, Zion Natl Pk,1 Zion Pk Blvd,State Route 9, Springdale, UT 84767 USA. [Weber, Shana S.] Princeton Univ, Off Sustainabil, MacMillan Annex West, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Yardley, Braden] Natl Pk Serv, Cedar Breaks Natl Monument, 2390 West Highway 56,Ste 11, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA. [Thoma, David] Natl Pk Serv, Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network, 2327 Univ Way, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Goehring, Kenneth E.] Coll Siskiyous, Dept Biol, 3129 Columbine Rd, Weed, CA 96094 USA. [Magnuson, Michael] Natl Pk Serv, Lassen Volcan Natl Pk,38050 Highway 36 East, Mineral, CA 96063 USA. [Nordensten, Nancy] Natl Pk Serv, Lava Beds Natl Monument, 1 Indian Well Headquarters, Tulelake, CA 96134 USA. [Nelson, Melissa] Bur Land Management, Eagle Lake Field Off, 2550 Riverside Dr, Susanville, CA 96130 USA. [Collins, Gail H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sheldon Hart Mt Natl Wildlife Refuge Complex, Lakeview, OR 97630 USA. [Yardley, Braden] Bur Land Management, 345 East Riverside Dr, St George, UT 84790 USA. RP Beever, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Ste 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.; Beever, EA (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM ebeever@usgs.gov FU Great Basin LCC; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank K. Condon, M. Curran, J. French, A. Gill, C. Giordano, J. McFarland, K. Orlofsky, L. Pettinger, J. Roper, K. Taylor, and A. Whipple for fieldwork assistance. We thank A. Johnston, C. Millar, and J. L. Wilkening for critical comments on an earlier version of this manuscript and several anonymous reviewers for their input. We thank J. Stewart for providing estimates of talus area for 9 sites in northeastern California. Funding was provided by the Great Basin LCC and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 97 IS 6 BP 1495 EP 1511 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw128 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EI9SR UT WOS:000392849900001 ER PT J AU Smyser, TJ Stauffer, GE Johnson, SA Hudson, CM Rhodes, OE Swihart, RK AF Smyser, Timothy J. Stauffer, Glenn E. Johnson, Scott A. Hudson, Cassie M. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. Swihart, Robert K. TI Annual survival of Allegheny woodrats in a nonequilibrium metapopulation SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Allegheny woodrat; apparent survival; Cormack-Jolly-Seber; genetic rescue; heterozygosity; inbreeding; mark-recapture; metapopulation; Neotoma magister ID NEOTOMA-MAGISTER; IMPERFECT DETECTION; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; EXTINCTION; RATES; CONSEQUENCES; RESTORATION; RECOVERY; DECLINE AB Many declining populations of the imperiled Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) function as nonequilibrium metapopulations in which rates of subpopulation extirpation exceed recolonization. Quantifying and maximizing survival rates thus becomes critical for the conservation of these spatially structured populations. We used encounter histories of individually marked woodrats from subpopulations in Indiana, monitored annually from 2005 to 2013, to 1) estimate apparent annual survival rates while accounting for imperfect detection, 2) evaluate differences in apparent survival between unaugmented subpopulations and subpopulations reestablished or restored through translocation efforts, and 3) describe the effect of genetic diversity on survival. From Cormack-Jolly-Seber models developed in a Bayesian framework, apparent survival was greater for adults than for juveniles, greater for females than males, and there was a modest negative effect of density dependence. Although heterozygosity rates at 11 microsatellites increased among reinforced subpopulations following translocations, we observed no effect of heterozygosity on apparent survival. However, after translocations, average apparent survival was approximately 14% greater among recipient subpopulations than remnant subpopulations. This suggests that viability of recipient subpopulations was limited by low connectivity and the absence of genetic benefits conveyed by immigration or the potential for patches to be recolonized following local extinction. Under conditions of reduced connectivity, translocation among subpopulations to replicate natural gene flow may be appropriate to facilitate the long-term persistence of this and perhaps other nonequilibrium metapopulations. C1 [Smyser, Timothy J.; Swihart, Robert K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Smyser, Timothy J.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Stauffer, Glenn E.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 419 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Johnson, Scott A.] Indiana Dept Nat Resources, 402 West Washington St,Room W273, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Hudson, Cassie M.] Indiana Dept Nat Resources, 5596 East State Rd 46, Bloomington, IN 47401 USA. [Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Univ Georgias, Savanna River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Smyser, TJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Smyser, TJ (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Timothy.J.Smyser@aphis.usda.gov FU Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife (State Wildlife Grant) [T7R2, T7R12] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife (State Wildlife Grant T7R2 and T7R12). R. Blythe, T. Shier, A. Holbrook, H. Walker, B. Geboy, J. Kubel, Z. Bagley, J. Utz, B. Haslick, J. Hoffman, K. Leffel, and K. Harman assisted with woodrat livetrapping. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 97 IS 6 BP 1699 EP 1708 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw136 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EI9SR UT WOS:000392849900019 ER PT J AU Munoz, DJ Hesed, KM Grant, EHC Miller, DAW AF Munoz, David J. Hesed, Kyle Miller Grant, Evan H. Campbell Miller, David A. W. TI Evaluating within-population variability in behavior and demography for the adaptive potential of a dispersal-limited species to climate change SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE adaptive capacity; behavioral plasticity; climate change; color morph; demography; Plethodon cinereus ID RED-BACKED SALAMANDER; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; BERTALANFFY GROWTH CURVE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DESIGN; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; POLYMORPHIC SALAMANDER; GENETIC-VARIATION; COVER OBJECTS; COLOR MORPHS AB Multiple pathways exist for species to respond to changing climates. However, responses of dispersal-limited species will be more strongly tied to ability to adapt within existing populations as rates of environmental change will likely exceed movement rates. Here, we assess adaptive capacity in Plethodon cinereus, a dispersal-limited woodland salamander. We quantify plasticity in behavior and variation in demography to observed variation in environmental variables over a 5-year period. We found strong evidence that temperature and rainfall influence P. cinereus surface presence, indicating changes in climate are likely to affect seasonal activity patterns. We also found that warmer summer temperatures reduced individual growth rates into the autumn, which is likely to have negative demographic consequences. Reduced growth rates may delay reproductive maturity and lead to reductions in size-specific fecundity, potentially reducing population-level persistence. To better understand within-population variability in responses, we examined differences between two common color morphs. Previous evidence suggests that the color polymorphism may be linked to physiological differences in heat and moisture tolerance. We found only moderate support for morph-specific differences for the relationship between individual growth and temperature. Measuring environmental sensitivity to climatic variability is the first step in predicting species' responses to climate change. Our results suggest phenological shifts and changes in growth rates are likely responses under scenarios where further warming occurs, and we discuss possible adaptive strategies for resulting selective pressures. C1 [Munoz, David J.; Miller, David A. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hesed, Kyle Miller] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA. [Hesed, Kyle Miller] Hesston Coll, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Biol Program, Hesston, KS USA. RP Munoz, DJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM djm516@psu.edu RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012 FU University of Maryland Department of Biology; UMD College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences; UMD Graduate School; National Science Foundation [DGE-0750616]; Explorers Club Washington Group; Cosmos Club Foundation; American Philosophical Society; Washington Biologists Field Club Research; International Herpetological Symposium Grant in Herpetology FX University of Maryland Department of Biology; UMD College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences; UMD Graduate School; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: DGE-0750616; Explorers Club Washington Group; Cosmos Club Foundation; American Philosophical Society; Washington Biologists Field Club Research; International Herpetological Symposium Grant in Herpetology NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 6 IS 24 BP 8740 EP 8754 DI 10.1002/ece3.2573 PG 15 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EH9AF UT WOS:000392063300009 PM 28035265 ER PT J AU Schattner, U Lazar, M Souza, LAP ten Brink, U Mahiques, MM AF Schattner, U. Lazar, M. Souza, L. A. P. ten Brink, U. Mahiques, M. M. TI Pockmark asymmetry and seafloor currents in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-ATLANTIC-OCEAN; DANISH NORTH-SEA; BELFAST BAY; MORPHOLOGY; MARGIN; SLOPE; CIRCULATION; MAINE; FIELD; SIDE AB Pockmarks form by gas/fluid expulsion into the ocean and are preserved under conditions of negligible sedimentation. Ideally, they are circular at the seafloor and symmetrical in profile. Elliptical pockmarks are more enigmatic. They are associated with seafloor currents while asymmetry is connected to sedimentation patterns. This study examines these associations through morphological analysis of new multibeam data collected across the Santos continental slope offshore Brazil in 2011 (353-865 mbsl). Of 984 pockmarks, 78% are both elliptical and asymmetric. Geometric criteria divide the pockmarks into three depth ranges that correlate with a transition between two currents: the Brazil Current transfers Tropical Water and South Atlantic Central Water southwestwards while the Intermediate Western Boundary Current transfers Antarctic Intermediate Water northeast-wards. It is suggested that the velocity of seafloor currents and their persistence dictate pockmark ellipticity, orientation and profile asymmetry. Fast currents (>20 cm/s) are capable of maintaining pockmark flank steepness close to the angle of repose. These morphological expressions present direct evidence for an edge effect of the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre and, in general, provide a correlation between pockmark geometry and seafloor currents that can be applied at other locations worldwide. C1 [Schattner, U.; Lazar, M.; ten Brink, U.] Univ Haifa, Leon H Charney Sch Marine Sci, Dr Mosses Straus Dept Marine Geosci, IL-31905 Har Hakarmel, Israel. [Souza, L. A. P.] Inst Technol Res State Sao Paulo IPT, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [ten Brink, U.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Mahiques, M. M.] Univ Sao Paulo IOUSP, Oceanog Inst, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Schattner, U (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Leon H Charney Sch Marine Sci, Dr Mosses Straus Dept Marine Geosci, IL-31905 Har Hakarmel, Israel. EM schattner@univ.haifa.ac.il OI Schattner, Uri/0000-0002-4453-4552 FU Sao Paulo Science Foundation [2010/06147-5, 2014/08266-2] FX The authors are indebted to the National Agency for Oil, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP-Brazil) for providing the multi-channel seismic lines, and to the Brazilian Navy for the multibeam bathymetry surveys. Thanks are also due to Dr. Paulo Sumida (Oceanographic Institute of the University of Sao Paulo) who co-led the multibeam surveys, and to Dr. Laura Brothers for valuable comments. We would also like to thank O. Hammer, an anonymous reviewer and the journal editors for their constructive comments. Financial support was provided by the Sao Paulo Science Foundation grants nos. 2010/06147-5 and 2014/08266-2. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0276-0460 EI 1432-1157 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 457 EP 464 DI 10.1007/s00367-016-0468-0 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA EI2JN UT WOS:000392313300005 ER PT J AU Gesch, DB Brock, JC Parrish, CE Rogers, JN Wright, CW AF Gesch, Dean B. Brock, John C. Parrish, Christopher E. Rogers, Jeffrey N. Wright, C. Wayne TI Introduction: Special Issue on Advances in Topobathymetric Mapping, Models, and Applications SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Topography; bathymetry; lidar; storm surge; seacliff; inundation; uncertainty; hydrologic connectivity; benthic habitat; salt marsh ID DATUM TRANSFORMATION TOOL AB Detailed knowledge of near-shore topography and bathymetry is required for many geospatial data applications in the coastal environment. New data sources and processing methods are facilitating development of seamless, regional-scale topobathymetric digital elevation models. These elevation models integrate disparate multi-sensor, multi-temporal topographic and bathymetric datasets to provide a coherent base layer for coastal science applications such as wetlands mapping and monitoring, sea-level rise assessment, benthic habitat mapping, erosion monitoring, and storm impact assessment. The focus of this special issue is on recent advances in the source data, data processing and integration methods, and applications of topobathymetric datasets. C1 [Gesch, Dean B.; Wright, C. Wayne] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Brock, John C.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Parrish, Christopher E.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rogers, Jeffrey N.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rogers, Jeffrey N.] Ctr Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA 02657 USA. RP Gesch, DB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM gesch@usgs.gov FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program FX The USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program provided partial funding for production of this special issue. The guest editors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of all the peer reviewers of the papers submitted for the issue. Thanks go to Chris Makowski at the Coastal Education and Research Foundation (publisher) for advice and guidance along the way. Special thanks go to Tom Adamson at the USGS EROS Center for his invaluable help on preparation of the final manuscripts for publication, and to Dean Tyler for the journal cover image. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.2112/SI76-001 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900001 PM 27779438 ER PT J AU Wright, CW Kranenburg, C Battista, TA Parrish, C AF Wright, C. Wayne Kranenburg, Christine Battista, Timothy A. Parrish, Christopher TI Depth Calibration and Validation of the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar, EAARL-B SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bathymetry; laser hydrography ID SYSTEM AB The original National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), was extensively modified to increase the spatial sampling density and improve performance in water ranging from 3-44 m. The new (EAARL-B) sensor features a 300% increase in spatial density, which was achieved by optically splitting each laser pulse into 3 pulses spatially separated by 1.6 m along the flight track and 2.0 m across-track on the water surface when flown at a nominal altitude of 300 m. Improved depth capability was achieved by increasing the total peak laser power by a factor of 10, and incorporating a new "deep-water" receiver, optimized to exclusively receive refracted and scattered light from deeper water (15-44 m). Two clear-water missions were conducted to determine the EAARL-B depth calibration coefficients. The calibration mission was conducted over the U.S. Navy's South Florida Testing Facility (SFTF), an established lidar calibration range located in the coastal waters southeast of Fort Lauderdale, Florida. A second mission was conducted over Lang Bank, St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. The EAARL-B survey was spatially and temporally coincident with multibeam sonar surveys conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ship Nancy Foster. The NOAA depth data range from 10-100 m, whereas the EAARL-B captured data from 0-41 m. Coefficients derived from the SFTF calibration mission were used to correct the EAARL-B data from both missions. The resulting calibrated EAARL-B data were then compared with the original reference dataset, a jet-ski-based single beam sonar dataset from the SFTF site, and the deeper NOAA data from St. Croix. Additionally, EAARL-B depth accuracy was evaluated by comparing the depth results to International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) standards. Results show good agreement between the calibrated EAARL-B data and all three reference datasets, with 95% confidence levels well within the maximum allowable total vertical uncertainty for IHO Order 1 surveys. C1 [Wright, C. Wayne] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Kranenburg, Christine] CNTS US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Battista, Timothy A.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Parrish, Christopher] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kranenburg, C (reprint author), CNTS US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM ckranenburg@usgs.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 4 EP 17 DI 10.2112/SI76-002 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900002 ER PT J AU Kim, M Kopilevich, Y Feygels, V Park, JY Wozencraft, J AF Kim, Minsu Kopilevich, Yuri Feygels, Viktor Park, Joong Yong Wozencraft, Jennifer TI Modeling of Airborne Bathymetric Lidar Waveforms SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lidar; laser beam transmission; radiative transfer; ocean optics ID SCATTERING AB Modeling the optical power of the lidar return waveform is performed for the radiometrically calibrated CZMIL (Coastal Zone Mapping and Imaging Lidar, Optech, Inc.) data. For this purpose, a lidar waveform simulator was developed. The theory is described based on the receiver sensitivity function, the radiative transfer equation (RTE) via the Greens function, the optical reciprocity theorem, and the small angle approximation (SAA). The SAA-based RTE is solved for the radiance distribution using the Fourier transform method. Along with the numerical algorithms, the contribution was made on the air-water and water-bottom interface peaks in the bathymetric lidar waveforms. Lacking ground truth data, a simulated waveform that best fits CZMIL data was used to estimate the optimized environmental parameters. The estimated parameters were well within the plausible natural optical properties. Compared to other approaches based on the relative intensity waveform, the simulation was applied to the absolute calibrated power. Thus, the model can be used to predict the general performance of any bathymetric lidar. This research will help design an optimized system to achieve the maximum performance. The forward modeling capability will also provide opportunities to develop advanced waveform processing algorithms, such as surface peak modeling and scattering correction. Thus, the improved quality of bathymetric lidar data contributed by this research will promote the various coastal science applications in terms of improved data accuracy and extended coverage. C1 [Kim, Minsu] US Geol Survey, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Kopilevich, Yuri] St Petersburg Natl Res Univ Informat Technol Mech, St Petersburg 197101, Russia. [Feygels, Viktor; Park, Joong Yong] Teledyne Optech Inc, Kiln, MS 39556 USA. [Wozencraft, Jennifer] Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Tech Ctr Expertis, Kiln, MS 39556 USA. RP Kim, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM minsu.kim.ctr@usgs.gov FU USGS [G15PC00012] FX Work by the lead author performed under USGS contract G15PC00012. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 18 EP 30 DI 10.2112/SI76-003 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900003 ER PT J AU Thatcher, CA Brock, JC Danielson, JJ Poppenga, SK Gesch, DB Palaseanu-Lovejoy, ME Barras, JA Evans, GA Gibbs, AE AF Thatcher, Cindy A. Brock, John C. Danielson, Jeffrey J. Poppenga, Sandra K. Gesch, Dean B. Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica E. Barras, John A. Evans, Gayla A. Gibbs, Ann E. TI Creating a Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) for Science and Conservation Applications SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lidar; coastal hazards; topobathymetric elevation models; sea-level rise; 3DEP; storm surge AB The U.S. Geological Survey is creating the Coastal National Elevation Database, an expanding set of topobathymetric elevation models that extend seamlessly across coastal regions of high societal or ecological significance in the United States that are undergoing rapid change or are threatened by inundation hazards. Topobathymetric elevation models are raster datasets useful for inundation prediction and other earth science applications, such as the development of sediment-transport and storm surge models. These topobathymetric elevation models are being constructed by the broad regional assimilation of numerous topographic and bathymetric datasets, and are intended to fulfill the pressing needs of decision makers establishing policies for hazard mitigation and emergency preparedness, coastal managers tasked with coastal planning compatible with predictions of inundation due to sea-level rise, and scientists investigating processes of coastal geomorphic change. A key priority of this coastal elevation mapping effort is to foster collaborative lidar acquisitions that meet the standards of the USGS National Geospatial Program's 3D Elevation Program, a nationwide initiative to systematically collect high-quality elevation data. The focus regions are located in highly dynamic environments, for example in areas subject to shoreline change, rapid wetland loss, hurricane impacts such as overwash and wave scouring, and/or human-induced changes to coastal topography. C1 [Thatcher, Cindy A.; Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica E.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Brock, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Danielson, Jeffrey J.; Poppenga, Sandra K.; Gesch, Dean B.; Evans, Gayla A.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Barras, John A.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Baton Rouge Colocat Off, Baton Rouge, LA 70801 USA. [Gibbs, Ann E.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Thatcher, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM thatcherc@usgs.gov OI Poppenga, Sandra/0000-0002-2846-6836 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.2112/SI76-007 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900007 ER PT J AU Danielson, JJ Poppenga, SK Brock, JC Evans, GA Tyler, DJ Gesch, DB Thatcher, CA Barras, JA AF Danielson, Jeffrey J. Poppenga, Sandra K. Brock, John C. Evans, Gayla A. Tyler, Dean J. Gesch, Dean B. Thatcher, Cindy A. Barras, John A. TI Topobathymetric Elevation Model Development using a New Methodology: Coastal National Elevation Database SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Topobathymetric elevation models; lidar; bathymetry; interpolation; geodatabase ID DATUM TRANSFORMATION TOOL; TAMPA-BAY; SEAMLESS AB During the coming decades, coastlines will respond to widely predicted sea-level rise, storm surge, and coastal inundation flooding from disastrous events. Because physical processes in coastal environments are controlled by the geomorphology of over-the-land topography and underwater bathymetry, many applications of geospatial data in coastal environments require detailed knowledge of the near-shore topography and bathymetry. In this paper, an updated methodology used by the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Applications Project is presented for developing coastal topobathymetric elevation models (TBDEMs) from multiple topographic data sources with adjacent intertidal topobathymetric and offshore bathymetric sources to generate seamlessly integrated TBDEMs. This repeatable, updatable, and logically consistent methodology assimilates topographic data (land elevation) and bathymetry (water depth) into a seamless coastal elevation model. Within the overarching framework, vertical datum transformations are standardized in a workflow that interweaves spatially consistent interpolation (gridding) techniques with a land/water boundary mask delineation approach. Output gridded raster TBDEMs are stacked into a file storage system of mosaic datasets within an Esri ArcGIS geodatabase for efficient updating while maintaining current and updated spatially referenced metadata. Topobathymetric data provide a required seamless elevation product for several science application studies, such as shoreline delineation, coastal inundation mapping, sediment-transport, sea-level rise, storm surge models, and tsunami impact assessment. These detailed coastal elevation data are critical to depict regions prone to climate change impacts and are essential to planners and managers responsible for mitigating the associated risks and costs to both human communities and ecosystems. The CoNED methodology approach has been used to construct integrated TBDEM models in Mobile Bay, the northern Gulf of Mexico, San Francisco Bay, the Hurricane Sandy region, and southern California. C1 [Danielson, Jeffrey J.; Poppenga, Sandra K.; Evans, Gayla A.; Tyler, Dean J.; Gesch, Dean B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Brock, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Thatcher, Cindy A.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Barras, John A.] US Geol Survey SPCMSC, Baton Rouge Colocat Off, Louisiana Coastal Protect & Restorat Author, Baton Rouge, LA 70801 USA. RP Danielson, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM daniels@usgs.gov OI Tyler, Dean/0000-0002-1542-7539 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 75 EP 89 DI 10.2112/SI76-008 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900008 ER PT J AU Poppenga, SK Worstell, BB AF Poppenga, Sandra K. Worstell, Bruce B. TI Hydrologic Connectivity: Quantitative Assessments of Hydrologic-Enforced Drainage Structures in an Elevation Model SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Hydrologically-corrected DEM validation; hydrologically-corrected DEM assessments; depression draining; hydrodynamic modeling ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; MANAGEMENT; CHANNELS; NETWORK; TERRAIN; FLOW; NEED AB Elevation data derived from light detection and ranging present challenges for hydrologic modeling as the elevation surface includes bridge decks and elevated road features overlaying culvert drainage structures. In reality, water is carried through these structures; however, in the elevation surface these features impede modeled overland surface flow. Thus, a hydrologically-enforced elevation surface is needed for hydrodynamic modeling. In the Delaware River Basin, hydrologic-enforcement techniques were used to modify elevations to simulate how constructed drainage structures allow overland surface flow. By calculating residuals between unfilled and filled elevation surfaces, artificially pooled depressions that formed upstream of constructed drainage structure features were defined, and elevation values were adjusted by generating transects at the location of the drainage structures. An assessment of each hydrologically-enforced drainage structure was conducted using field-surveyed culvert and bridge coordinates obtained from numerous public agencies, but it was discovered the disparate drainage structure datasets were not comprehensive enough to assess all remotely located depressions in need of hydrologic-enforcement. Alternatively, orthoimagery was interpreted to define drainage structures near each depression, and these locations were used as reference points for a quantitative hydrologic-enforcement assessment. The orthoimagery-interpreted reference points resulted in a larger corresponding sample size than the assessment between hydrologic-enforced transects and field-surveyed data. This assessment demonstrates the viability of rules-based hydrologic-enforcement that is needed to achieve hydrologic connectivity, which is valuable for hydrodynamic models in sensitive coastal regions. Hydrologic-enforced elevation data are also essential for merging with topographic/bathymetric elevation data that extend over vulnerable urbanized areas and dynamic coastal regions. C1 [Poppenga, Sandra K.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Worstell, Bruce B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Poppenga, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM spoppenga@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Mission Area, Research and Development Program; USGS Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP); USGS CMGP; USGS [G15PC00012] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Mission Area, Research and Development Program and the USGS Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The research reported here is part of a larger USGS effort, the Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Applications Project, a multi-year project funded by the USGS CMGP. The contributions of the following individuals are gratefully acknowledged: John Brock and Jeff Danielson (USGS) for development of the CoNED Applications Project, and Dean Gesch (USGS) for his scientific advice. The authors also thank the journal reviewers and Christopher Parrish for suggestions that improved the manuscript. The authors are grateful to Mercer and Hunterdon Counties, New Jersey, and the City of Trenton, New Jersey; New Jersey Department of Transportation; Pennsylvania Department of Transportation; Bucks County, Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics for access to their field-surveyed data. Work by Bruce Worstell was performed under USGS contract G15PC00012. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 90 EP 106 DI 10.2112/SI76-009 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900009 ER PT J AU Kress, ME Benimoff, AI Fritz, WJ Thatcher, CA Blanton, BO Dzedzits, E AF Kress, Michael E. Benimoff, Alan I. Fritz, William J. Thatcher, Cindy A. Blanton, Brian O. Dzedzits, Eugene TI Modeling and Simulation of Storm Surge on Staten Island to Understand Inundation Mitigation Strategies SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lidar; ADCIRC; SWAN; dunes; flood protection; hard stabilization ID OCEAN CIRCULATION; WAVE MODEL; SCALE; TIDES AB Hurricane Sandy made landfall on October 29, 2012, near Brigantine, New Jersey, and had a transformative impact on Staten Island and the New York Metropolitan area. Of the 43 New York City fatalities, 23 occurred on Staten Island. The borough, with a population of approximately 500,000, experienced some of the most devastating impacts of the storm. Since Hurricane Sandy, protective dunes have been constructed on the southeast shore of Staten Island. ADCIRC+SWAN model simulations run on The City University of New York's Cray XE6M, housed at the College of Staten Island, using updated topographic data show that the coast of Staten Island is still susceptible to tidal surge similar to those generated by Hurricane Sandy. Sandy hindcast simulations of storm surges focusing on Staten Island are in good agreement with observed storm tide measurements. Model results calculated from fine-scaled and coarse-scaled computational grids demonstrate that finer grids better resolve small differences in the topography of critical hydraulic control structures, which affect storm surge inundation levels. The storm surge simulations, based on post-storm topography obtained from high-resolution lidar, provide much-needed information to understand Staten Island's changing vulnerability to storm surge inundation. The results of fine-scale storm surge simulations can be used to inform efforts to improve resiliency to future storms. For example, protective barriers contain planned gaps in the dunes to provide for beach access that may inadvertently increase the vulnerability of the area. C1 [Kress, Michael E.; Benimoff, Alan I.; Fritz, William J.; Dzedzits, Eugene] CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. [Thatcher, Cindy A.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Blanton, Brian O.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Renaissance Comp Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. RP Kress, ME (reprint author), CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. EM Michael.Kress@csi.cuny.edu FU City University of New York, New York State, New York City; CUNY Research Foundation; National Science Foundation [CNS-0958379, CNS-0855217] FX The CUNY-IHPCC is operated by the College of Staten Island and funded, in part, by The City University of New York, New York State, New York City, the CUNY Research Foundation, and grants from the National Science Foundation grants CNS-0958379 and CNS-0855217. We are grateful to ARCADIS for providing the fine grid. We thank Terry Mares and Debbie Mahoney for assistance in preparation of the manuscript as well as Jennifer Freund for assistance with the figures. We are grateful to Paul Muzio for his computational support and review of the manuscript. We also thank four anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 149 EP 161 DI 10.2112/SI76-013 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900013 ER PT J AU Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M Danielson, J Thatcher, C Foxgrover, A Barnard, P Brock, J Young, A AF Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica Danielson, Jeff Thatcher, Cindy Foxgrover, Amy Barnard, Patrick Brock, John Young, Adam TI Automatic Delineation of Seacliff Limits using Lidar-derived High-resolution DEMs in Southern California SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Seacliffs; lidar; DEM; automatic procedures; cliff limits; southern California ID AIRBORNE LIDAR; CLIFF EROSION; SEA AB Seacliff erosion is a serious hazard with implications for coastal management and is often estimated using successive hand-digitized cliff tops or bases (toe) to assess cliff retreat. Even if efforts are made to standardize manual digitizing and eliminate subjectivity, the delineation of cliffs is time-consuming and depends on the analyst's interpretation. An automatic procedure is proposed to extract cliff edges from high-resolution lidar-derived bare-earth digital elevation models, generalized coastal shoreline vectors, and approximate measurements of distance between the shoreline and the cliff top. The method generates orthogonal transects and profiles with a minimum spacing equal to the digital elevation model resolution. The method also extracts the xyz coordinates for each profile for the cliff top and toe, as well as second major inflections along the profile. Over 75% of the automated cliff top points and 78% of the toe automated points are within 95% confidence interval of the hand-digitized top and toe lines, and over 79% of the digitized top points and 84% of the digitized toe points are within the 95% confidence interval of the automated top and toe lines along a stretch of coast in Del Mar, California. Outlier errors were caused by either the failure to remove all vegetation from the bare-earth digital elevation model or errors of interpretation. The automatic method was further applied between Point Conception and Los Angeles Harbor, California. This automatic method is repeatable, takes advantage of detailed topographic information within high-resolution digital elevation models, and is more efficient than hand-digitizing. C1 [Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica; Thatcher, Cindy] US Geol Survey, EGSC, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Danielson, Jeff] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Data Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Foxgrover, Amy; Barnard, Patrick] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Brock, John] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Young, Adam] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, EGSC, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM mpal@usgs.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2016 SI 76 BP 162 EP 173 DI 10.2112/SI76-014 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA EH5MT UT WOS:000391817900014 ER PT J AU Zaremba, NJ Smith, CG Bernier, JC Forde, AS AF Zaremba, Nicholas J. Smith, Christopher G. Bernier, Julie C. Forde, Arnell S. TI Application of Ground Penetrating Radar for Identification of Washover Deposits and Other Stratigraphic Features: Assateague Island, MD SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID USA; MARYLAND; INLET AB A combination of ground penetrating radar (GPR) data, core data, and aerial photographs were analyzed to better understand the evolution of two portions of Assateague Island, Maryland. The focus of the study was to investigate the applicability of using GPR data to image washover deposits in the stratigraphic record. High amplitude reflections observed in two shore perpendicular GPR profiles were correlated to shallow (<1 m) lithologic contacts observed in sediment cores. At these contacts, deposits consisting primarily of quartz sand overlie sediments with organic matter that include degraded plant root or stem material. The underlying organic matter likely represents the vegetated portion of the barrier island that was buried by washover fans deposited during hurricanes Irene (2011) and Sandy (2012), as indicated in high-resolution aerial photographs. The GPR data were able to delineate the washover deposits from the underlying stratigraphic unit; however, the radar data did not resolve finer structures necessary to definitively differentiate washover facies from other sand-rich deposits (e.g., flood-tide deltas and dunes). Other GPR profiles contain reflections that likely correlate to geomorphic features like tidal channels and vegetated zones observed in historical aerial imagery. Burial of these features by overwash fluxes were observed in the aerial imagery and thus the resulting radar sequence is largely interpreted as washover deposits. Deeper, channel-like features that have been infilled were also observed in shore-parallel profiles and these features coincide with scour channels observed in the 1966 aerial photography. Additional sedimentological data are required to determine what role overwash played in the in-filling of these features. C1 [Zaremba, Nicholas J.; Smith, Christopher G.; Bernier, Julie C.; Forde, Arnell S.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Zaremba, NJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM nzaremba@usgs.gov OI Bernier, Julie/0000-0002-9918-5353 FU Department of the Interior FX Financing for this study was provided by the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013, through Department of the Interior Hurricane Sandy supplemental funding. The, authors thank Cathryn Wheaton (Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions), Alisha Ellis (USGS), and Marci Marot (USGS) for field assistance and Bill Huslander and Neil Winn (U.S. National Park Service) for logistical support and facility use while in the field. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA, any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 173 EP 186 DI 10.2113/JEEG21.4.173 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA EI5TQ UT WOS:000392558100005 ER PT J AU Ikard, SJ Kress, W AF Ikard, Scott J. Kress, Wade TI Electric-Hydraulic Correlations in Layered Aquifers: A Case Study of the Surficial Aquifer of Emirate Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOREHOLE-LOG DATA; TRANSVERSE RESISTANCE; POROUS-MEDIA; TRANSMISSIVITY; CONDUCTIVITY; PARAMETERS; SOUNDINGS; SURFACE; BASIN; WATER AB Longitudinal conductance and transverse resistance are bulk electrical properties of a geoelectric formation and can be correlated with the bulk transmissivity of an aquifer within the formation. In aquifers that are electrically-resistive relative to adjacent layers in a horizontally layered Earth, bulk transverse resistance has been shown to correlate with aquifer transmisivity. Conversely, in aquifers that are electrically-conductive relative to adjacent layers, a correlation between bulk longitudinal conductance and aquifer transmissivity has been demonstrated. In both cases, previous investigations have relied on small datasets that have yielded coefficients of determination (R-2) that are typically in the range of 0.6 to 0.7 to substantiate these relations. This paper explores electric-hydraulic relations of the surficial aquifer of Emirate Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, by using a larger dataset compared to previous studies of these relations. Geophysical logs from 26 wells are used to correlate the bulk electrical properties of the aquifer, which are computed from deep electromagnetic (EM) induction resistivity logs, to the bulk transmissivity of the surficial aquifer, which is modeled from neutron porosity logs. The bulk longitudinal conductance was highly correlated (R-2 = 0.8387) with the bulk transmissivity of the surficial aquifer. The bulk Dar-Zarrouk resistivity is negatively correlated with the aquifer transmissivity; an R-2 value of -0.5604 is obtained. C1 [Ikard, Scott J.] US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA. [Kress, Wade] US Geol Survey, Int Program Off, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Ikard, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA. EM sikard@usgs.gov NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 187 EP 200 DI 10.2113/JEEG21.4.187 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA EI5TQ UT WOS:000392558100006 ER PT J AU Howell, PE Hossack, BR Muths, E Sigafus, BH Chandler, RB AF Howell, Paige E. Hossack, Blake R. Muths, Erin Sigafus, Brent H. Chandler, Richard B. TI Survival Estimates for Reintroduced Populations of the Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID ASSOCIATE RANA-ESCULENTA; AMPHIBIANS; CONSERVATION; HABITAT; EXTINCTIONS; ADAPTATIONS; VIABILITY; MOVEMENT; DECLINES; LESSONAE AB Global amphibian declines have been attributed to a number of factors including disease, invasive species, habitat degradation, and climate change. Reintroduction is one management action that is commonly used with the goal of recovering imperiled species. The success of reintroductions varies widely, and evaluating their efficacy requires estimates of population viability metrics, such as underlying vital rates and trends in abundance. Although rarely quantified, assessing vital rates for recovering populations provides a more mechanistic understanding of population growth than numerical trends in population occupancy or abundance. We used three years of capture-mark-recapture data from three breeding ponds and a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to estimate annual apparent survival for reintroduced populations of the federally threatened Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) at the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR), in the Altar Valley, Arizona, USA. To place our results in context, we also compiled published survival estimates for other ranids. Average apparent survival of Chiricahua Leopard Frogs at BANWR was 0.27 (95% CI [0.07, 0.74]) and average individual capture probability was 0.02 (95% CI [0, 0.05]). Our apparent survival estimate for Chiricahua Leopard Frogs is lower than for most other ranids and is not consistent with recent research that showed metapopulation viability in the Altar Valley is high. We suggest that low apparent survival may be indicative of high emigration rates. We recommend that future research should estimate emigration rates so that actual, rather than apparent, survival can be quantified to improve population viability assessments of threatened species following reintroduction efforts. C1 [Howell, Paige E.; Chandler, Richard B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hossack, Blake R.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 East Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Sigafus, Brent H.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Howell, PE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM paige.e.howell@gmail.com; blake_hossack@usgs.gov; muthse@usgs.gov; bsigafus@usgs.gov; rchandler@warnell.uga.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2016 VL 104 IS 4 BP 824 EP 830 DI 10.1643/CE-16-406 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EH3NL UT WOS:000391678500004 ER PT J AU Robbins, LJ Lalonde, SV Planaysky, NJ Partin, CA Reinhard, CT Kendall, B Scott, C Hardisty, DS Gill, BC Alessi, DS Dupont, CL Saito, MA Crowe, SA Poulton, SW Bekker, A Lyons, TW Konhauser, KO AF Robbins, Leslie J. Lalonde, Stefan V. Planaysky, Noah J. Partin, Camille A. Reinhard, Christopher T. Kendall, Brian Scott, Clint Hardisty, Dalton S. Gill, Benjamin C. Alessi, Daniel S. Dupont, Christopher L. Saito, Mak A. Crowe, Sean A. Poulton, Simon W. Bekker, Andrey Lyons, Timothy W. Konhauser, Kurt O. TI Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Iron formations; Black shales; Eukaryotes; Prokaryotes; Evolution; Trace elements; Biolimitation; Precambrian ID BANDED IRON-FORMATION; RARE-EARTH-ELEMENT; GREAT OXIDATION EVENT; BILLION YEARS AGO; MOLYBDENUM ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; MASS-DEPENDENT FRACTIONATION; PROTEROZOIC OCEAN CHEMISTRY; AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEON; ARCHEAN MOLECULAR FOSSILS; NATURAL ORGANIC-LIGANDS AB Life requires a wide variety of bioessential trace elements to act as structural components and reactive centers in metalloenzymes. These requirements differ between organisms and have evolved over geological time, likely guided in some part by environmental conditions. Until recently, most of what was understood regarding trace element concentrations in the Precambrian oceans was inferred by extrapolation, geochemical modeling, and/or genomic studies. However, in the past decade, the increasing availability of trace element and isotopic data for sedimentary rocks of all ages has yielded new, and potentially more direct, insights into secular changes in seawater composition - and ultimately the evolution of the marine biosphere. Compiled records of many bioessential trace elements (including Ni, Mo, P, Zn, Co, Cr, Se, and I) provide new insight into how trace element abundance in Earth's ancient oceans may have been linked to biological evolution. Several of these trace elements display redox-sensitive behavior, while others are redox-sensitive but not bioessential (e.g., Cr, U). Their temporal trends in sedimentary archives provide useful constraints on changes in atmosphere-ocean redox conditions that are linked to biological evolution, for example, the activity of oxygen-producing, photosynthetic cyanobacteria. In this review, we summarize available Precambrian trace element proxy data, and discuss how temporal trends in the seawater concentrations of specific trace elements may be linked to the evolution of both simple and complex life. We also examine several biologically relevant and/or redox-sensitive trace elements that have yet to be fully examined in the sedimentary rock record (e.g., Cu, Cd, W) and suggest several directions for future studies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Robbins, Leslie J.; Alessi, Daniel S.; Konhauser, Kurt O.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 1-26 Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Lalonde, Stefan V.] European Inst Marine Studies, CNRS Lab Domaines Ocean UMR6538, Technopole Brest Iroise, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Planaysky, Noah J.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 6666, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Partin, Camille A.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Reinhard, Christopher T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kendall, Brian] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON, Canada. [Scott, Clint] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Hardisty, Dalton S.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02542 USA. [Gill, Benjamin C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dupont, Christopher L.] J Craig Venter Inst, Microbial & Environm Genom Grp, La Jolla, CA 92121 USA. [Saito, Mak A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Chem & Geochem Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Crowe, Sean A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Crowe, Sean A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Poulton, Simon W.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Bekker, Andrey; Lyons, Timothy W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bekker, Andrey] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Geol, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. RP Robbins, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 1-26 Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. EM lrobbins@ualberta.ca RI Gill, Benjamin/B-8047-2012; OI Gill, Benjamin/0000-0001-7402-0811; Robbins, Leslie/0000-0002-6931-5743; Alessi, Daniel/0000-0002-8360-8251 FU Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the NASA Astrobiology Institute [NNA15BB03A]; Alternative Earths Team of the NASA Astrobiology Institute; Region of Brittany; LabexMER FX LJR gratefully acknowledges the support of a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. Discovery Grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to CAP, BK, DSA, SAC, and KOK supported this work. This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the NASA Astrobiology Institute under Cooperative Agreement No. NNA15BB03A issued through the Science Mission Directorate. TWL, CTR, and NJP received support via the Alternative Earths Team of the NASA Astrobiology Institute. The NSF FESD (TWL) and ELT programs provided additional support (TWL, CTR, and NJP). SVL gratefully acknowledges support from the Region of Brittany and LabexMER. AB thanks the Society of Independent Thinkers. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved the manuscript, and Dr. Karsten Pedersen for his editorial efforts. NR 334 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-8252 EI 1872-6828 J9 EARTH-SCI REV JI Earth-Sci. Rev. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 163 BP 323 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.013 PG 26 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EH4XG UT WOS:000391776600012 ER PT J AU Groff, LA Calhoun, AJK Loftin, CS AF Groff, Luke A. Calhoun, Aram J. K. Loftin, Cynthia S. TI Hibernal Habitat Selection by Wood Frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) in a Northern New England Montane Landscape SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ICE-OUT DATES; RANA-SYLVATICA; FREEZE TOLERANCE; ALOPEX-LAGOPUS; METABOLIC-RATE; SURVIVAL; WINTER; TEMPERATURES; ADAPTATIONS; INDICATORS AB Poikilothermic species, such as amphibians, endure harsh winter conditions via freeze-tolerance or freeze-avoidance strategies. Freeze-tolerance requires a suite of complex, physiological mechanisms (e.g., cryoprotectant synthesis); however, behavioral strategies (e.g., hibernal habitat selection) may be used to regulate hibernaculum temperatures and promote overwintering survival. We investigated the hibernal ecology of the freeze-tolerant Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) in north-central Maine. Our objectives were to characterize the species hibernaculum microclimate (temperature, relative humidity), evaluate hibernal habitat selection, and describe the spatial arrangement of breeding, post-breeding, and hibernal habitats. We monitored 15 frogs during two winters (2011/12: N = 10; 2012/13: N = 5), measured hibernal habitat features at micro (2 m) and macro (10 m) spatial scales, and recorded microclimate hourly in three strata (hibernaculum, leaf litter, ambient air). We compared these data to that of 57 random locations with logistic regression models, Akaike Information Criterion, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Hibernaculum microclimate was significantly different and less variable than leaf litter, ambient air, and random location microclimate. Model averaging indicated that canopy cover (-), leaf litter depth (+), and number of logs and stumps (+; microhabitat only) were important predictors of Wood Frog hibernal habitat. These habitat features likely act to insulate hibernating frogs from extreme and variable air temperatures. For example, decreased canopy cover facilitates increased snowpack depth and earlier snowpack accumulation and melt. Altered winter temperature and precipitation patterns attributable to climate change may reduce snowpack insulation, facilitate greater temperature variation in the underlying hibernacula, and potentially compromise Wood Frog winter survival. C1 [Groff, Luke A.; Calhoun, Aram J. K.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, Orono, ME USA. [Loftin, Cynthia S.] US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME USA. RP Groff, LA (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, Orono, ME USA. EM lukegroff@gmail.com FU Maine's Sustainability Solutions Initiative - National Science Foundation [EPS-0904155]; U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology at the University of Maine FX Permits were obtained from the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife (2011-2013), and all procedures were part of a study plan approved by the University of Maine's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (A2012-03-06). Funding was provided by Maine's Sustainability Solutions Initiative, supported by National Science Foundation award EPS-0904155 to the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research at the University of Maine; the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; and the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology at the University of Maine. We thank J. Armstrong and C. Kennedy for assisting with fieldwork and K. Barrett for providing comments that improved this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. This is Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station publication 3482. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 IS 4 BP 559 EP 569 DI 10.1670/15-131R1 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EH5ND UT WOS:000391818900010 ER PT J AU Munoz, DJ Miller, DAW Sutherland, C Grant, EHC AF Munoz, David J. Miller, David A. W. Sutherland, Chris Grant, Evan H. Campbell TI Using Spatial Capture-Recapture to Elucidate Population Processes and Space-Use in Herpetological Studies SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONITORING TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; RED-BACKED SALAMANDERS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; HABITAT PREFERENCES; COVER OBJECTS; DETECTOR DOGS; HOME-RANGE; MOVEMENT AB The cryptic behavior and ecology of herpetofauna make estimating the impacts of environmental change on demography difficult; yet, the ability to measure demographic relationships is essential for elucidating mechanisms leading to the population declines reported for herpetofauna worldwide. Recently developed spatial capture-recapture (SCR) methods are well suited to standard herpetofauna monitoring approaches. Individually identifying animals and their locations allows accurate estimates of population densities and survival. Spatial capture-recapture methods also allow estimation of parameters describing space-use and movement, which generally are expensive or difficult to obtain using other methods. In this paper, we discuss the basic components of SCR models, the available software for conducting analyses, and the experimental designs based on common herpetological survey methods. We then apply SCR models to Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus), to determine differences in density, survival, dispersal, and space-use between adult male and female salamanders. By highlighting the capabilities of SCR, and its advantages compared to traditional methods, we hope to give herpetologists the resource they need to apply SCR in their own systems. C1 [Munoz, David J.; Miller, David A. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sutherland, Chris] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Turners Falls, MA USA. RP Munoz, DJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM djm516@psu.edu RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012 NR 97 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 IS 4 BP 570 EP 581 DI 10.1670/15-166 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EH5ND UT WOS:000391818900011 ER PT J AU Sethi, SA Linden, D Wenburg, J Lewis, C Lemons, P Fuller, A Hare, MP AF Sethi, Suresh A. Linden, Daniel Wenburg, John Lewis, Cara Lemons, Patrick Fuller, Angela Hare, Matthew P. TI Accurate recapture identification for genetic mark-recapture studies with error-tolerant likelihood-based match calling and sample clustering SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sample matching; genotyping error; inference; non-invasive; capture-recapture ID GENOTYPING ERRORS; INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION; DNA; ABUNDANCE; GENOMICS; QUALITY; PCR AB Error-tolerant likelihood-based match calling presents a promising technique to accurately identify recapture events in genetic mark-recapture studies by combining probabilities of latent genotypes and probabilities of observed genotypes, which may contain genotyping errors. Combined with clustering algorithms to group samples into sets of recaptures based upon pairwise match calls, these tools can be used to reconstruct accurate capture histories for markrecapture modelling. Here, we assess the performance of a recently introduced error-tolerant likelihood-based match-calling model and sample clustering algorithm for genetic mark-recapture studies. We assessed both biallelic (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNP) and multiallelic (i.e. microsatellite; MSAT) markers using a combination of simulation analyses and case study data on Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and fishers (Pekania pennanti). A novel two-stage clustering approach is demonstrated for genetic mark-recapture applications. First, repeat captures within a sampling occasion are identified. Subsequently, recaptures across sampling occasions are identified. The likelihood-based matching protocol performed well in simulation trials, demonstrating utility for use in a wide range of genetic mark-recapture studies. Moderately sized SNP (64+) and MSAT (10-15) panels produced accurate match calls for recaptures and accurate non-match calls for samples from closely related individuals in the face of low to moderate genotyping error. Furthermore, matching performance remained stable or increased as the number of genetic markers increased, genotyping error notwithstanding. C1 [Sethi, Suresh A.; Fuller, Angela] Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Linden, Daniel] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wenburg, John; Lewis, Cara] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Lemons, Patrick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Hare, Matthew P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sethi, SA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM suresh.sethi@cornell.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units Program; North Pacific Research Board FX Funding for this project was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units Program and the North Pacific Research Board. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 3 IS 12 AR 160457 DI 10.1098/rsos.160457 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EH4HH UT WOS:000391731800007 PM 28083094 ER PT J AU Regehr, EV Laidre, KL Akcakaya, HR Amstrup, SC Atwood, TC Lunn, NJ Obbard, M Stern, H Thiemann, GW Wiig, O AF Regehr, Eric V. Laidre, Kristin L. Akcakaya, H. Resit Amstrup, Steven C. Atwood, Todd C. Lunn, Nicholas J. Obbard, Martyn Stern, Harry Thiemann, Gregory W. Wiig, Oystein TI Conservation status of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in relation to projected sea-ice declines SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Arctic; climate change; polar bear; population projections; red list; sea ice ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT LOSS; POPULATION; PREDATOR AB Loss of Arctic sea ice owing to climate change is the primary threat to polar bears throughout their range. We evaluated the potential response of polar bears to sea-ice declines by (i) calculating generation length (GL) for the species, which determines the timeframe for conservation assessments; (ii) developing a standardized sea-ice metric representing important habitat; and (iii) using statistical models and computer simulation to project changes in the global population under three approaches relating polar bear abundance to sea ice. Mean GL was 11.5 years. Ice-covered days declined in all subpopulation areas during 1979-2014 (median -1.26 days year(-1)). The estimated probabilities that reductions in the mean global population size of polar bears will be greater than 30%, 50% and 80% over three generations (35-41 years) were 0.71 (range 0.20-0.95), 0.07 (range 0-0.35) and less than 0.01 (range 0-0.02), respectively. According to IUCN Red List reduction thresholds, which provide a common measure of extinction risk across taxa, these results are consistent with listing the species as vulnerable. Our findings support the potential for large declines in polar bear numbers owing to sea-ice loss, and highlight near-term uncertainty in statistical projections aswell as the sensitivity of projections to different plausible assumptions. C1 [Regehr, Eric V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Laidre, Kristin L.; Stern, Harry] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Akcakaya, H. Resit] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Amstrup, Steven C.] Polar Bears Int, Bozeman, MT 59772 USA. [Atwood, Todd C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Lunn, Nicholas J.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Obbard, Martyn] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Thiemann, Gregory W.] York Univ, Fac Environm Studies, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Wiig, Oystein] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. RP Regehr, EV (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM eric_regehr@fws.gov RI Wiig, Oystein/J-8383-2012 OI Wiig, Oystein/0000-0003-0395-5251 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX13AN28G, NNX11A063G] FX Authors' institutions provided in-kind support. K.L.L. and H.S. were supported by National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant np/ NNX13AN28G and NNX11A063G. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 67 U2 67 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 12 IS 12 AR 20160556 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0556 PG 5 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EG5SV UT WOS:000391105500002 ER PT J AU Adams, JV Slaght, KS Boogaard, MA AF Adams, Jean V. Slaght, Karen S. Boogaard, Michael A. TI AN AUTOMATED APPROACH TO LITCHFIELD AND WILCOXON'S EVALUATION OF DOSE-EFFECT EXPERIMENTS USING THE R PACKAGE LW1949 SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dose-response modeling; Predictive toxicology; Computational toxicology; Software package AB The authors developed a package, LW1949, for use with the statistical software R to automatically carry out the manual steps of Litchfield and Wilcoxon's method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. The LW1949 package consistently finds the best fitting dose-effect relation by minimizing the chi-squared statistic of the observed and expected number of affected individuals and substantially speeds up the line-fitting process and other calculations that Litchfield and Wilcoxon originally carried out by hand. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. C1 [Adams, Jean V.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Slaght, Karen S.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI USA. [Boogaard, Michael A.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA. RP Adams, JV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM jvadams@usgs.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3058 EP 3061 DI 10.1002/etc.3490 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA EG4RM UT WOS:000391031400018 PM 27175944 ER PT J AU Custer, CM Custer, TW Dummer, PM Goldberg, D Franson, JC AF Custer, Christine M. Custer, Thomas W. Dummer, Paul M. Goldberg, Diana Franson, J. Christian TI CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS IN TREE SWALLOW (TACHYCINETA BICOLOR) EGGS AT UNITED STATES AND BINATIONAL GREAT LAKES AREAS OF CONCERN, 2010-2015 SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Tree swallows; Tachycineta bicolor; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); Dioxins and furans ID HERRING GULL EGGS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; FLAME RETARDANTS; SUPERFUND SITE; HUDSON RIVER; GREEN BAY; NEW-YORK AB Tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor, were sampled across the Great Lakes basin in 2010 through 2015 to provide a system-wide assessment of current exposure to organic contaminants. The results provide information identified as critical by regulators to assess the "bird or animal deformity or reproductive problems" beneficial use impairment. Eggs were collected from 69 sites across all 5 Great Lakes, including 27 Areas of Concern (AOCs), some with multiple sites, and 10 sites not listed as an AOC. Concentrations of organic contaminants in eggs were quantified and compared with background and reproductive effect thresholds. Approximately 30% of AOCs had geometric mean concentrations of total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at or below average background exposure (0.34 mu g/g wet wt). Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was minimal, and only 3 of 27 AOCs and 1 non-AOC had geometric mean concentrations that exceeded background for tree swallows (96 ng/g wet wt). Concentrations of both PCBs and PBDEs were 10 to 20 times below the lower limit associated with impaired hatching success. In contrast, geometric mean concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and furan (PCDD-F) toxic equivalents (TEQs) at the Saginaw River and Bay AOC and Midland, Michigan, USA (a non-AOC site), exceeded the lower limit for hatching effects (181 pg/g PCDD-F TEQs). The rest of the sites had geometric mean concentrations of PCDD-F TEQs below background levels (87 pg/g PCDD-F TEQs). Other organic contaminants, including p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, mirex, heptachlor, and chlordane, were at or below background or adverse effect concentrations. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. C1 [Custer, Christine M.; Custer, Thomas W.; Dummer, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Goldberg, Diana; Franson, J. Christian] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Custer, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. EM ccuster@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; US Environmental Protection Agency; MI Dept. Environmental Quality; US Geological Survey FX This work was funded by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, the US Environmental Protection Agency, MI Dept. Environmental Quality, and the US Geological Survey. We thank C. Balk, G. Berner, C. Bole, P. Boone, R. Booth Jr., A. Bosak, A. Haertel, A. Heimann, Y. Hernandez, M. Iverson, M. Larkin, A. Lorenz, S. O'Mara, R. Mayer, P. McKann, K. McMullen, M. Meier, K. Artner Mott, K. Prestby, D. Ripp, P. Ripple, C. Schneider, L. Solem, D. Tagerson, J. Teslaa, J. Tschaikovsky, M. Weber, and T. Zimmerman for field assistance; R. Erickson for help with R programming; K. Murray for contracting assistance; state personnel from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York for help obtaining collecting permits; and J. Waide, M. Gaikowski, and 3 anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. The present work could not have been done without the access granted by the following landowners: the cities of Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin; Chicago, Illinois; Douglas, Michigan; Duluth, Minnesota; Green Bay, Wisconsin; Manistique, Michigan; Marysville, Michigan; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Monroe, Michigan; Muskegon, Michigan; North Tonawanda, New York; Portage, Indiana; Rochester, New York; Sault St. Marie, Michigan; Sheboygan, Wisconsin; Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin; Superior, Wisconsin; Toledo, Ohio; Whitehall, Michigan; and Wyandotte, Michigan. We also thank Algonac State Park; Allete Energy; K. Aukerman; C. Balk; Bay City Waste Water Treatment Plant; Bay Mills Indian Community; BNSF Railroad; R. Booth Jr.; Buffalo Urban Development Corp.; Cedarburg Waste Water Treatment Plant; Chippewa Nature Center; Cleveland MetroParks; Commercial Heat Treating Co.; Detroit Water and Sewerage; DTE Energy; Eagles Club Restaurant; Erie Co., New York; Erie, Pennsylvania, Waterworks; Fruitland Township; Fibrek, Inc.; Hallett Dock Co.; Hank Aaron State Trail, Honeywell Corp.; Horseshoe Casino; State of Indiana (Roxana Marsh); Ironhead Marine, Inc.; KK Integrated Logistics; Kohler Company; LaFarge Co.; Lake Erie MetroPark, Michigan; Lakeshore State Park, Wisconsin; C. Larscheid, Lorain Port Authority; Macomb Co.; Manistique Paper Corp.; Martineau and Morris Contracting; Mayline Co.; Milwaukee County Department of Parks, Recreation, and Culture; Michigan Department of Natural Resources (Deer Lake and Algonac State Park); Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (Green Mountain); National Gypsum, National Park Service (Apostle Islands National Lakeshore); H. Nelson; New Page Paper; New York State Parks (Niagara Falls); Port of Monroe; Presque Isle State Park; River Wildlife; C. Schneider; R. Seichter, Sheboygan Monument; L. Solem; Stimm Associates; True North Architecture and Construction Co.; US Fish and Wildlife Service (Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge); US Forest Service (Huron Manistee National Forest); Van Riper State Park; and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (Star Lake). NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3071 EP 3092 DI 10.1002/etc.3496 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA EG4RM UT WOS:000391031400020 PM 27187748 ER PT J AU Giri, C Long, J AF Giri, Chandra Long, Jordan TI Is the Geographic Range of Mangrove Forests in the Conterminous United States Really Expanding? SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE geographic range expansion; mangrove forests; Landsat; climate change; mangrove change ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-COVER; NORTHERN GULF; SALT-MARSHES; FLORIDA; EXPANSION; MIGRATION; REGION AB Changes in the distribution and abundance of mangrove species within and outside of their historic geographic range can have profound consequences in the provision of ecosystem goods and services they provide. Mangroves in the conterminous United States (CONUS) are believed to be expanding poleward (north) due to decreases in the frequency and severity of extreme cold events, while sea level rise is a factor often implicated in the landward expansion of mangroves locally. We used similar to 35 years of satellite imagery and in situ observations for CONUS and report that: (i) poleward expansion of mangrove forest is inconclusive, and may have stalled for now, and (ii) landward expansion is actively occurring within the historical northernmost limit. We revealed that the northernmost latitudinal limit of mangrove forests along the east and west coasts of Florida, in addition to Louisiana and Texas has not systematically expanded toward the pole. Mangrove area, however, expanded by 4.3% from 1980 to 2015 within the historic northernmost boundary, with the highest percentage of change in Texas and southern Florida. Several confounding factors such as sea level rise, absence or presence of sub-freezing temperatures, land use change, impoundment/dredging, changing hydrology, fire, storm, sedimentation and erosion, and mangrove planting are responsible for the change. Besides, sea level rise, relatively milder winters and the absence of sub-freezing temperatures in recent decades may be enabling the expansion locally. The results highlight the complex set of forcings acting on the northerly extent of mangroves and emphasize the need for long-term monitoring as this system increases in importance as a means to adapt to rising oceans and mitigate the effects of increased atmospheric CO2. C1 [Giri, Chandra] US EPA, Sensing & Spatial Anal Branch, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Long, Jordan] US Geol Survey, ARSC Res & Technol Solut, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Giri, C (reprint author), US EPA, Sensing & Spatial Anal Branch, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM giri.chandra@epa.gov; jordan.long.ctr@usgs.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD DEC PY 2016 VL 16 IS 12 AR 2010 DI 10.3390/s16122010 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EG8JM UT WOS:000391303000030 ER PT J AU Tarter, DC Floyd, MA AF Tarter, Donald C. Floyd, Michael A. TI A REVISED CHECKLIST OF THE CADDISFLIES (INSECTA: TRICHOPTERA) OF WEST VIRGINIA SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE Trichoptera; caddisfly; West Virginia; state records; range extension ID HYDROPSYCHE; RECORDS; RHYACOPHILIDAE; LIMNEPHILIDAE; MOUNTAINS; LARVAL; DNA AB Based on recent collection efforts, examination of new material, and review of published records, the caddisfly fauna of West Virginia is updated to include 235 species. A revised, annotated checklist is presented, with distributional information for 26 new records from West Virginia. Significant range extensions are noted for Arctopsyche irrorata Banks and Hydropsyche carolina Banks. C1 [Tarter, Donald C.] Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. [Floyd, Michael A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kentucky Ecol Serv Field Off, 330 West Broadway,Suite 265, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. RP Floyd, MA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kentucky Ecol Serv Field Off, 330 West Broadway,Suite 265, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM tarter@marshall.edu; mike_floyd@fws.gov FU Kentucky Aquatic Resource Fund FX We are indebted to the following individuals who loaned specimens or helped with identifications: J.E. Bailey (West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection). D.A. Etnier (The University of Tennessee), O.S. Flint, Jr. (National Museum of National History), and L.T. Miller (West Virginia Department of Agriculture). Special thanks to Teresa Hyatt and Monica Shafer for their assistance in preparing the manuscript. Financial support for publication costs was provided by the Kentucky Aquatic Resource Fund, a partnership between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Kentucky Waterways Alliance. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X EI 2162-3236 J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD DEC PY 2016 VL 126 IS 3 BP 175 EP 190 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EG6SB UT WOS:000391175200002 ER PT J AU Sullivan, NB McLaughlin, PI Brett, CE Cramer, BD Kleffner, MA Thomka, JR Emsbo, P AF Sullivan, Nicholas B. McLaughlin, Patrick I. Brett, Carlton E. Cramer, Bradley D. Kleffner, Mark A. Thomka, James R. Emsbo, Poul TI Sequence boundaries and chronostratigraphic gaps in the Llandovery of Ohio and Kentucky: The record of early Silurian paleoceanographic events in east-central North America SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE EXCURSION; CINCINNATI ARCH REGION; ORDOVICIAN MASS EXTINCTION; CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; SOUTHERN OHIO; DELTA-C-13 STRATIGRAPHY; DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY; APPALACHIAN FORELAND; BASIN; INTERIOR AB New and published data are integrated herein to resolve the age and stratigraphic relationships for problematic strata of the Aeronian and Telychian (Llandovery; Silurian) in Ohio and Kentucky (USA). At least two major depositional sequences were traced along the eastern flank of the Cincinnati Arch; these are separated by a regionally angular unconformity with complex topography. Underlying units are progressively truncated to the northwest while overlying strata change facies, condense, and onlap in the same direction. The basal unit of the upper sequence is the Waco Member of the Alger Shale Formation in Kentucky and southern Ohio and the Dayton Formation in western Ohio. A persistent, positive carbonate carbon isotope (delta C-13(carb)) excursion associated with the mid-Telychian Valgu Event is recognized in the upper subunit of the Waco Member; the absence of a comparable signal in the Dayton Formation corroborates interpretations that it is significantly younger. The correlations proposed here can be used to understand the nuanced depositional history and chronostratigraphic completeness of the lower -Silurian in eastern North America. This framework can be used to characterize sea-level history and local conditions that prevailed during global paleoenvironmental events. C1 [Sullivan, Nicholas B.] Chemostrat Inc, 3760 Westchase Dr, Houston, TX 77042 USA. [McLaughlin, Patrick I.] Indiana Geol Survey, 611 N Walnut Grove St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Brett, Carlton E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, 7148 Edwards One, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Cramer, Bradley D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 115 Trowbridge Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kleffner, Mark A.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Div Earth Hist, 4240 Campus Dr, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Thomka, James R.] Univ Akron, Dept Geosci, Crouse Hall 114, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Emsbo, Poul] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, West 6th Ave & Kipling St, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP Sullivan, NB (reprint author), Chemostrat Inc, 3760 Westchase Dr, Houston, TX 77042 USA. EM nicksullivan@chemostrat.com FU U.S. Geological Survey STATEMAP project; Geological Society of America; SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology); Department of Geology at the University of Cincinnati (Caster Fund); Department of Geology at the University of Cincinnati (Sed Fund) FX Detailed criticism from Alyssa Bancroft and Wojciech Kozlowski greatly strengthened the final report. We thank Arnold I. Miller and David L. Meyer, who provided helpful feedback on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Financial support for this study was provided in part by a grant from the U.S. Geological Survey STATEMAP project, a Graduate Student Research Grant from the Geological Society of America, a Graduate Student Assistance Grant from the SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), and the Department of Geology at the University of Cincinnati (Caster Fund and Sed Fund). We also thank the Ohio Geological Survey for providing drill core for analysis and sampling. The research presented here is a component of the master's thesis of Sullivan, completed at the University of Cincinnati. This paper is a contribution to the International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) 591, The Early to Middle Paleozoic Revolution. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD DEC PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1813 EP 1832 DI 10.1130/GES01343.1 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EG4CR UT WOS:000390991500007 ER PT J AU Stewart, JP Kramer, SL Kwak, DY Greenfield, MW Kayen, RE Tokimatsu, K Bray, JD Beyzaei, CZ Cubrinovski, M Sekiguchi, T Nakai, S Bozorgnia, Y AF Stewart, J. P. Kramer, S. L. Kwak, D. Y. Greenfield, M. W. Kayen, R. E. Tokimatsu, K. Bray, J. D. Beyzaei, C. Z. Cubrinovski, M. Sekiguchi, T. Nakai, S. Bozorgnia, Y. TI PEER-NGL project: Open source global database and model development for the next-generation of liquefaction assessment procedures SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (ICEGE) CY NOV, 2015 CL Christ Church, NEW ZEALAND DE NGL, liquefaction database; Case history; Liquefaction model ID DETERMINISTIC ASSESSMENT; CASE-HISTORIES; AGED SANDS; RESISTANCE; MOTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EARTHQUAKE; INTENSITY; SOILS AB The Next-Generation Liquefaction (NGL) project was launched to (1) substantially improve the quality, transparency, and accessibility of case history data related to ground failure; (2) provide a coordinated framework for supporting studies to augment case history data for conditions important for applications but poorly represented in empirical databases; and (3) provide an open, collaborative process for model development in which developer teams have access to common resources and share ideas and results during model development. Work to date has focused on compiling high-value case histories, developing a database template, and planning for needed supporting studies. We describe the project motivation, explain and illustrate how data resources will be compiled and organized, summarize preliminary results from ongoing data collection, describe needed supporting studies, and review project status and next steps. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stewart, J. P.; Kwak, D. Y.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environm Engn, 5731 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Kramer, S. L.; Greenfield, M. W.] Univ Washington, Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA USA. [Kayen, R. E.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Tokimatsu, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Architecture & Bldg Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Bray, J. D.; Beyzaei, C. Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cubrinovski, M.] Univ Canterbury, Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Sekiguchi, T.; Nakai, S.] Chiba Univ, Urban Environm Syst, Chiba, Japan. [Bozorgnia, Y.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, PEER, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Stewart, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environm Engn, 5731 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jstewart@seas.ucla.edu NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-7261 EI 1879-341X J9 SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG JI Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 91 SI SI BP 317 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.07.009 PG 12 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA EG3UJ UT WOS:000390969900026 ER PT J AU Yurek, S DeAngelis, DL Trexler, JC Klassen, JA Larsen, LG AF Yurek, Simeon DeAngelis, Donald L. Trexler, Joel C. Klassen, Jessica A. Larsen, Laurel G. TI Persistence and diversity of directional landscape connectivity improves biomass pulsing in simulations of expanding and contracting wetlands SO ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY LA English DT Article DE Flood-pulse; Seasonal hydrology; Dynamic landscape connectivity; Fish movement behavior; Landscape anisotropy; Prediction ID EVERGLADES RIDGE; RESOURCE PULSES; FISH; RIVER; FLOODPLAIN; MODEL; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; SLOUGH; DISPERSAL AB In flood-pulsed ecosystems, hydrology and landscape structure mediate transfers of energy up the food chain by expanding and contracting in area, enabling spatial expansion and growth of fish populations during rising water levels, and subsequent concentration during the drying phase. Connectivity of flooded areas is dynamic as waters rise and fall, and is largely determined by landscape geomorphology and anisotropy. We developed a methodology for simulating fish dispersal and concentration on spatially-explicit, dynamic floodplain wetlands with pulsed food web dynamics, to evaluate how changes in connectivity through time contribute to the concentration of fish biomass that is essential for higher trophic levels. The model also tracks a connectivity index (DCI) over different compass directions to see if fish biomass dynamics can be related in a simple way to topographic pattern. We demonstrate the model for a seasonally flood-pulsed, oligotrophic system, the Everglades, where flow regimes have been greatly altered. Three dispersing populations of functional fish groups were simulated with empirically-based dispersal rules on two landscapes, and two twelve-year time series of managed water levels for those areas were applied. The topographies of the simulations represented intact and degraded ridge-and slough landscapes (RSL). Simulation results showed large pulses of biomass concentration forming during the onset of the drying phase, when water levels were falling and fish began to converge into the sloughs. As water levels fell below the ridges, DCI declined over different directions, closing down dispersal lanes, and fish density spiked. Persistence of intermediate levels of connectivity on the intact RSL enabled persistent concentration events throughout the drying phase. The intact landscape also buffered effects of wet season population growth. Water level reversals on both landscapes negatively affected fish densities by depleting fish populations without allowing enough time for them to regenerate. Testable, spatiotemporal predictions of the timing, location, duration, and magnitude of fish concentration pulses were produced by the model, and can be applied to restoration planning. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yurek, Simeon] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Miami, FL USA. [DeAngelis, Donald L.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Trexler, Joel C.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, North Miami, FL USA. [Klassen, Jessica A.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Larsen, Laurel G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yurek, S (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cox Sci Ctr, Dept Biol, 1301 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. EM syurek@bio.miami.edu FU James W. McLamore Fellowship in Tropical Biology of the University of Miami; USGS's Greater Everglades Priority Everglades Science program; NSF LTER [DEB-1237517] FX We appreciate the useful reviews of two anonymous reviewers, and Michael Osland of USGS, as well as helpful discussions with Dale Gawlik and Bill Fagan. SY was supported in part by the James W. McLamore Fellowship in Tropical Biology of the University of Miami. DLD was supported by the USGS's Greater Everglades Priority Everglades Science program. JT was supported by NSF LTER Grant No. DEB-1237517. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1476-945X EI 1476-9840 J9 ECOL COMPLEX JI Ecol. Complex. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 28 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.ecocom.2016.08.004 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EG0LM UT WOS:000390724300001 ER PT J AU Zhu, Z Gallant, AL Woodcock, CE Pengra, B Olofsson, P Loveland, TR Jin, S Dahal, D Yang, L Auch, RF AF Zhu, Zhe Gallant, Alisa L. Woodcock, Curtis E. Pengra, Bruce Olofsson, Pontus Loveland, Thomas R. Jin, Suming Dahal, Devendra Yang, Limin Auch, Roger F. TI Optimizing selection of training and auxiliary data for operational land cover classification for the LCMAP initiative SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC); Training strategy; Auxiliary data; Land cover classification; Landsat ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFICATION; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORK; ANCILLARY DATA; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; CLOUD SHADOW; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; SAMPLE SELECTION; SNOW DETECTION; AVHRR DATA AB The U.S. Geological Survey's Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) initiative is a new end-to-end capability to continuously track and characterize changes in land cover, use, and condition to better support research and applications relevant to resource management and environmental change. Among the LCMAP product suite are annual land cover maps that will be available to the public. This paper describes an approach to optimize the selection of training and auxiliary data for deriving the thematic land cover maps based on all available clear observations from Landsats 4-8. Training data were selected from map products of the U.S. Geological Survey's Land Cover Trends project. The Random Forest classifier was applied for different classification scenarios based on the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm. We found that extracting training data proportionally to the occurrence of land cover classes was superior to an equal distribution of training data per class, and suggest using a total of 20,000 training pixels to classify an area about the size of a Landsat scene. The problem of unbalanced training data was alleviated by extracting a minimum of 600 training pixels and a maximum of 8000 training pixels per class. We additionally explored removing outliers contained within the training data based on their spectral and spatial criteria, but observed no significant improvement in classification results. We also tested the importance of different types of auxiliary data that were available for the conterminous United States, including: (a) five variables used by the National Land Cover Database, (b) three variables from the cloud screening "Function of mask" (Fmask) statistics, and (c) two variables from the change detection results of CCDC. We found that auxiliary variables such as a Digital Elevation Model and its derivatives (aspect, position index, and slope), potential wetland index, water probability, snow probability, and cloud probability improved the accuracy of land cover classification. Compared to the original strategy of the CCDC algorithm (500 pixels per class), the use of the optimal strategy improved the classification accuracies substantially (15-percentage point increase in overall accuracy and 4-percentage point increase in minimum accuracy). (C) 2016 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Zhe] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, MS 1053,Sci Bldg 125, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Gallant, Alisa L.; Loveland, Thomas R.; Auch, Roger F.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Woodcock, Curtis E.; Olofsson, Pontus] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, 685 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Pengra, Bruce; Dahal, Devendra; Yang, Limin] US Geol Survey, SGT, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Zhu, Zhe; Jin, Suming] US Geol Survey, ASRC InuTeq, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Zhu, Z (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, MS 1053,Sci Bldg 125, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM zhe.zhu@ttu.edu OI Auch, Roger/0000-0002-5382-5044 FU USGS [G13PC00028, G15PC00012] FX This work was supported by the USGS LandCarbon, Land Remote Sensing, and Land Change Science programs, partially under USGS contracts G13PC00028 (Z. Zhu and S. Jin), G15PC00012 (B. Pengra and D. Dahal), and G15PC00012 (L. Yang). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2716 EI 1872-8235 J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 122 BP 206 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.11.004 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EG0JT UT WOS:000390719600015 ER PT J AU Chang, CC Burr, GS Jull, AJT Russell, JL Bidduiph, D White, L Prouty, NG Chen, YG Shen, CC Zhou, WJ Lam, DD AF Chang, Ching-Chih Burr, George S. Jull, A. J. Timothy Russell, Joellen L. Bidduiph, Dana White, Lara Prouty, Nancy G. Chen, Yue-Gau Shen, Chuan-Chou Zhou, Weijian Lam, Doan Dinh TI Reconstructing surface ocean circulation with I-129 time series records from corals SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE I-129; Coral; Radioactive tracers; Ocean mixing; Surface ocean circulation ID SEAWATER SAMPLES; IODINE; SEA; I-129/I-127; TRACER AB The long-lived radionuclide I-129 (half-life: 15.7 x 10(6) yr) is well-known as a useful environmental tracer. At present, the global I-129 in surface water is about 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than pre-1960 levels. Since the 1990s, anthropogenic I-129 produced from industrial nuclear fuels reprocessing plants has been the primary source of I-129 in marine surface waters of the Atlantic and around the globe. Here we present four coral I-129 time series records from: 1) Con Dao and 2) Xisha Islands, the South China Sea, 3) Rabaul, Papua New Guinea and 4) Guam. The Con Dao coral I-129 record features a sudden increase in I-129 in 1959. The Xisha coral shows similar peak values for I-129 as the Con Dao coral, punctuated by distinct low values, likely due to the upwelling in the central South China Sea. The Rabaul coral features much more gradual I-129 increases in the 1970s, similar to a published record from the Solomon Islands. The Guam coral I-129 record contains the largest measured values for any site, with two large peaks, in 1955 and 1959. Nuclear weapons testing was the primary I-129 source in the Western Pacific in the latter part of the 20th Century, notably from testing in the Marshall Islands. The Guam 1955 peak and Con Dao 1959 increases are likely from the 1954 Castle Bravo test, and the Operation Hardtack I test is the most likely source of the 1959 peak observed at Guam. Radiogenic iodine found in coral was carried primarily through surface ocean currents. The coral I-129 time series data provide a broad picture of the surface distribution and depth penetration of I-129 in the Pacific Ocean over the past 60 years. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chang, Ching-Chih; Burr, George S.; Jull, A. J. Timothy; Bidduiph, Dana; White, Lara] Univ Arizona, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Chang, Ching-Chih; Jull, A. J. Timothy; Russell, Joellen L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Burr, George S.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Oceanog, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Prouty, Nancy G.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Chen, Yue-Gau; Shen, Chuan-Chou] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Zhou, Weijian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Accelerator Mass Spectrometr, Xian 710043, Peoples R China. [Lam, Doan Dinh] Vietnamese Acad Sci & Technol, Inst Geol, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Chang, CC (reprint author), 1118 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM cchchang@email.arizona.edu FU NSF [EAR1313588]; Taiwan ROC MOST [104-2119-M-002-003]; National Taiwan University [105R7625] FX We would like thank staff at the University of Arizona AMS Laboratory for assistance. The 129I work was supported in part by NSF grant EAR1313588. Funding was also supported by grants from Taiwan ROC MOST (104-2119-M-002-003 to C.-C.S.) and the National Taiwan University (105R7625 to C.-C.S.). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X EI 1879-1700 J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 165 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.09.016 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF7HG UT WOS:000390500100018 PM 27721136 ER PT J AU Jurgens, BC Bohlke, JK Kauffman, LJ Belitz, K Esser, BK AF Jurgens, Bryant C. Bohlke, J. K. Kauffman, Leon J. Belitz, Kenneth Esser, Bradley K. TI A partial exponential lumped parameter model to evaluate groundwater age distributions and nitrate trends in long-screened wells SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Groundwater age; Partial exponential model; Lumped parameter model; Particle tracking; Nitrate; Central Valley, California ID ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS; CONTAMINATION; TIME AB A partial exponential lumped parameter model (PEM) was derived to determine age distributions and nitrate trends in long-screened production wells. The PEM can simulate age distributions for wells screened over any finite interval of an aquifer that has an exponential distribution of age with depth. The PEM has 3 parameters - the ratio of saturated thickness to the top and bottom of the screen and mean age, but these can be reduced to 1 parameter (mean age) by using well construction information and estimates of the saturated thickness. The PEM was tested with data from 30 production wells in a heterogeneous alluvial fan aquifer in California, USA. Well construction data were used to guide param-eterization of a PEM for each well and mean age was calibrated to measured environmental tracer data (H-3, He-3, CFC-113, and C-14). Results were compared to age distributions generated for individual wells using advective particle tracking models (PTMs). Age distributions from PTMs were more complex than PEM distributions, but PEMs provided better fits to tracer data, partly because the PTMs did not simulate C-14 accurately in wells that captured varying amounts of old groundwater recharged at lower rates prior to groundwater development and irrigation. Nitrate trends were simulated independently of the calibration process and the PEM provided good fits for at least 11 of 24 wells. This work shows that the PEM, and lumped parameter models (LPMs) in general, can often identify critical features of the age distributions in wells that are needed to explain observed tracer data and nonpoint source contaminant trends, even in systems where aquifer heterogeneity and water-use complicate distributions of age. While accurate PTMs are preferable for understanding and predicting aquifer-scale responses to water use and contaminant transport, LPMs can be sensitive to local conditions near individual wells that may be inaccurately represented or missing in an aquifer-scale flow model. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jurgens, Bryant C.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Bohlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Kauffman, Leon J.] US Geol Survey, Lawrenceville, NJ USA. [Belitz, Kenneth] US Geol Survey, Northborough, MA USA. [Esser, Bradley K.] Lawerence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Jurgens, BC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM bjurgens@usgs.gov FU California State Water Resources Control Board; U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program FX This work was supported by the California State Water Resources Control Board and the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program and National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. We thank Christopher T. Green, Axel Suckow, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 543 SI SI BP 109 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.011 PN A PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA EF9CO UT WOS:000390628500010 ER PT J AU Green, CT Jurgens, BC Zhang, Y Starn, JJ Singleton, MJ Esser, BK AF Green, Christopher T. Jurgens, Bryant C. Zhang, Yong Starn, J. Jeffrey Singleton, Michael J. Esser, Bradley K. TI Regional oxygen reduction and denitrification rates in groundwater from multi-model residence time distributions, San Joaquin Valley, USA SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oxygen reduction; Denitrification; Groundwater Residence time; Multi-model analysis; Regional water quality ID NON-FICKIAN TRANSPORT; WATER-QUALITY TRENDS; PUBLIC-SUPPLY WELLS; UNITED-STATES; NITRATE CONTAMINATION; BREAKTHROUGH CURVES; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; UNSATURATED ZONES; ALLUVIAL SETTINGS; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL AB Rates of oxygen and nitrate reduction are key factors in determining the chemical evolution of ground-water. Little is known about how these rates vary and covary in regional groundwater settings, as few studies have focused on regional datasets with multiple tracers and methods of analysis that account for effects of mixed residence times on apparent reaction rates. This study provides insight into the characteristics of residence times and rates of O-2 reduction and denitrification (NO3- reduction) by comparing reaction rates using multi-model analytical residence time distributions (RTDs) applied to a data set of atmospheric tracers of groundwater age and geochemical data from 141 well samples in the Central Eastern San Joaquin Valley, CA. The RTD approach accounts for mixtures of residence times in a single sample to provide estimates of in-situ rates. Tracers included SF6, CFCs, H-3, He from H-3 (tritiogenic He), C-14, and terrigenic He. Parameter estimation and multi-model averaging were used to establish RTDs with lower error variances than those produced by individual RTD models. The set of multi model RTDs was used in combination with NO3- and dissolved gas data to estimate zero order and first order rates of O-2 reduction and denitrification. Results indicated that O-2 reduction and denitrification rates followed approximately log-normal distributions. Rates of O-2 and NO3- reduction were correlated and, on an electron milliequivalent basis, denitrification rates tended to exceed O-2 reduction rates. Estimated historical NO3- trends were similar to historical measurements. Results show that the multi model approach can improve estimation of age distributions, and that relatively easily measured O-2 rates can provide information about trends in denitrification rates, which are more difficult to estimate. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Green, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Jurgens, Bryant C.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. [Zhang, Yong] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Starn, J. Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, E Hartford, CT USA. [Singleton, Michael J.; Esser, Bradley K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl & Chem Sci Div, Livermore, CA USA. RP Green, CT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM ctgreen@usgs.gov FU National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program; National Research Program (NRP); USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; National Science Foundation [DMS-1460319] FX Funding was provided by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program, National Research Program (NRP), USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, and the National Science Foundation under Grant DMS-1460319, Thanks to Karen Burow for assistance with well information and observed decadal trends and to Matthew Landon for help with datasets and geochemical information. Discussions with Ate Visser contributed to the improvement of this study. NR 96 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 543 SI SI BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.018 PN A PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA EF9CO UT WOS:000390628500013 ER PT J AU Clement, MJ AF Clement, Matthew J. TI Designing occupancy studies when false-positive detections occur SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE detection heterogeneity; detection probability; false positives; misidentification; occupancy models; presence-absence; study design ID HETEROGENEOUS DETECTION PROBABILITIES; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; IMPERFECT DETECTION; NEGATIVE ERRORS; MODELS; RATES; BIAS; BATS AB 1. Recently, estimators have been developed to estimate occupancy probabilities when false-positive detections occur during presence-absence surveys. Some of these estimators combine different types of survey data to improve estimates of occupancy. With these estimators, there is a trade-off between the number of sample units surveyed, and the number and type of surveys at each sample unit. Guidance on efficient design of studies when false positives occur is unavailable. 2. For a range of scenarios, I identified survey designs that minimized the mean square error of the estimate of occupancy. I considered an approach that uses one survey method and two observation states and an approach that uses two survey methods. For each approach, I used numerical methods to identify optimal survey designs when model assumptions were met and parameter values were correctly anticipated, when parameter values were not correctly anticipated and when the assumption of no unmodelled detection heterogeneity was violated. 3. Under the approach with two observation states, false-positive detections increased the number of recommended surveys, relative to standard occupancy models. If parameter values could not be anticipated, pessimism about detection probabilities avoided poor designs. Detection heterogeneity could require more or fewer repeat surveys, depending on parameter values. If model assumptions were met, the approach with two survey methods was inefficient. However, with poor anticipation of parameter values, with detection heterogeneity or with removal sampling schemes, combining two survey methods could improve estimates of occupancy. 4. Ignoring false positives can yield biased parameter estimates, yet false positives greatly complicate the design of occupancy studies. Specific guidance for major types of false-positive occupancy models, and for two assumption violations common in field data, can conserve survey resources. This guidance can be used to design efficient monitoring programmes and studies of species occurrence, species distribution or habitat selection, when false positives occur during surveys. C1 [Clement, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Clement, Matthew J.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Res Branch, 5000 W Carefree Hwy, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. RP Clement, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.; Clement, MJ (reprint author), Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Res Branch, 5000 W Carefree Hwy, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. EM mclement@gmail.com NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 12 BP 1538 EP 1547 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12617 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF5ZN UT WOS:000390408700012 ER PT J AU Edwards, T Wadl, P Trigiano, R Hatmaker, E Boggess, S Moore, P Staton, M Klingeman, W Bernard, E Dattilo, A Ownley, B Rinehart, T Pistrang, M Skinner, J Call, G Windham, A Hadziabdic, D AF Edwards, T. Wadl, P. Trigiano, R. Hatmaker, E. Boggess, S. Moore, P. Staton, M. Klingeman, W. Bernard, E. Dattilo, A. Ownley, B. Rinehart, T. Pistrang, M. Skinner, J. Call, G. Windham, A. Hadziabdic, D. TI Current Status and Ongoing Conservation Efforts for the Federally Endangered Species Pityopsis ruthii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2016 CL Tampa, FL SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Edwards, T.; Trigiano, R.; Hatmaker, E.; Boggess, S.; Moore, P.; Staton, M.; Klingeman, W.; Bernard, E.; Ownley, B.; Skinner, J.; Windham, A.; Hadziabdic, D.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Wadl, P.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC USA. [Dattilo, A.] Tennessee Valley Author, Knoxville, TN USA. [Rinehart, T.] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. [Pistrang, M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Cleveland, TN USA. [Call, G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cookeville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 12 SU S BP 34 EP 34 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EF6WM UT WOS:000390471900172 ER PT J AU Dewulf, J Blengini, GA Pennington, D Nuss, P Nassar, NT AF Dewulf, Jo Blengini, Gian Andrea Pennington, David Nuss, Philip Nassar, Nedal T. TI Criticality on the international scene: Quo vadis? SO RESOURCES POLICY LA English DT Article DE Criticality; (Raw) materials; Supply risk; Supply disruption; Vulnerability; Economic consequences ID RESOURCES; METALS; RISKS AB This paper brings a discussion on the current state-of-the-art in criticality assessment in an international context. It analyzes the status of resource criticality concepts and their calculation methods. The current practice often exhibits a common two-axis assessment framework but the way the two axes are further operationalized shows heterogeneous approaches. Apart from the two-axis as key element of criticality assessment, the scope of the materials, the role of substitution, the delineation of the supply chain and data, and indicator selection are addressed as key elements, The abovementioned criticality assessment practice is approached in function of the upcoming international debate on criticality. The paper tackles the role of criticality assessment in the context of the sustainability assessment toolbox and it proposes a clear distinction between criticality assessment and resilience to criticality. The insights offered in the paper may feed the international discussion in the identification of elements that may be harmonized and elements that may be better left open in function of the particular application. C1 [Dewulf, Jo; Blengini, Gian Andrea; Pennington, David; Nuss, Philip] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, IES, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Dewulf, Jo] Univ Ghent, Res Grp ENVOC, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Blengini, Gian Andrea] Politecn Torino, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy. [Nassar, Nedal T.] USGS, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Dewulf, J (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Res Grp ENVOC, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM jo.dewulf@ugent.be; gianandrea.blengini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; david.pennington@jrc.ec.europa.eu; philip@nuss.me; nnassar@usgs.gov OI Nuss, Philip/0000-0001-9936-6886 NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4207 EI 1873-7641 J9 RESOUR POLICY JI Resour. Policy PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.09.008 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EG1XB UT WOS:000390826500018 ER PT J AU Kroschel, WA King, SL Keim, RF AF Kroschel, Whitney A. King, Sammy L. Keim, Richard F. TI Tree Regeneration by Seed in Bottomland Hardwood Forests: A Review SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Big Thicket Science Conference - Watersheds and Waterflows Biodiversity and Ecology of the West Gulf Coastal Plain Landscape CY APR 17-19, 2015 CL Stephen F Austin State Univ, Nacogdoches, TX SP Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, Big Thicket Assoc, Natl Park Serv, Big Thicket Natl Preserve, MeadWestvaco, Texas Pk & Wildlife Dept, USDA Forest Serv So Res Stat HO Stephen F Austin State Univ ID GREENTREE RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT; MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; TEXAS FLOODPLAIN FOREST; ONTOGENIC NICHE SHIFTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RECRUITMENT LIMITATION; SHADE-TOLERANCE; UNITED-STATES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY AB Bottomland hardwood forests (BLH) are found in temperate, humid regions of the southeastern US, primarily on alluvial floodplains adjacent to rivers. Altered hydrology in rivers and floodplains has caused changes in stand development and species composition of BLHs. We hypothesize that the driving mechanisms behind these changes are related to the regeneration process because of the complexity of recruitment and the vulnerability of species at that age in development. Here we review the state of our understanding regarding BLH regeneration, and identify potential bottlenecks throughout the stages of seed production, seed dispersal, germination, establishment, and survival. Our process-level understanding of regeneration by seed in BLHs is rudimentary, thus limiting our ability to predict the effects of hydrologic alterations on species composition. By focusing future research on the appropriate stages of regeneration, we can better understand the sources of forest-community transitions across the diverse range of BLH systems. C1 [Kroschel, Whitney A.; Keim, Richard F.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [King, Sammy L.] US Geol Survey, LSU Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Kroschel, WA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM whitney.kroschel@gmail.com NR 124 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 15 SI 9 BP 42 EP 60 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF9UU UT WOS:000390677200004 ER PT J AU Lemon, MGT Allen, ST Edwards, BL King, SL Keim, RF AF Lemon, Mary Grace T. Allen, Scott T. Edwards, Brandon L. King, Sammy L. Keim, Richard F. TI Satellite-derived Temperature Data for Monitoring Water Status in a Floodplain Forest of the Upper Sabine River, Texas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Big Thicket Science Conference - Watersheds and Waterflows Biodiversity and Ecology of the West Gulf Coastal Plain Landscape CY APR 17-19, 2015 CL Stephen F Austin State Univ, Nacogdoches, TX SP Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, Big Thicket Assoc, Natl Park Serv, Big Thicket Natl Preserve, MeadWestvaco, Texas Pk & Wildlife Dept, USDA Forest Serv So Res Stat HO Stephen F Austin State Univ ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; COASTAL-PLAIN; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SAP FLOW; TREES; TRANSPIRATION; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; DOWNSTREAM; DYNAMICS; WETLANDS AB Decreased water availability due to hydrologic modifications, groundwater withdrawal, and climate change threaten bottomland hardwood (BLH) forest communities. We used satellite-derived (MODIS) land-surface temperature (LST) data to investigate spatial heterogeneity of canopy temperature (an indicator of plant-water status) in a floodplain forest of the upper Sabine River for 2008-2014. High LST pixels were generally further from the river and at higher topographic locations, indicating lower water-availability. Increasing rainfall-derived soil moisture corresponded with decreased heterogeneity of LST between pixels but there was weaker association between Sabine River stage and heterogeneity. Stronger dependence of LST convergence on rainfall rather than river flow suggests that some regions are less hydrologically connected to the river, and vegetation may rely on local precipitation and other contributions to the riparian aquifer to replenish soil moisture. Observed LST variations associated with hydrology encourage further investigation of the utility of this approach for monitoring forest stress, especially with considerations of climate change and continued river management. C1 [Lemon, Mary Grace T.; Allen, Scott T.; Edwards, Brandon L.; Keim, Richard F.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [King, Sammy L.] Louisiana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Lemon, MGT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM mlemon7@tigers.lsu.edu NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 15 SI 9 BP 90 EP 102 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF9UU UT WOS:000390677200008 ER PT J AU Holm, SR Noon, BR Wiens, JD Ripple, WJ AF Holm, Samantha R. Noon, Barry R. Wiens, J. David Ripple, William J. TI Potential Trophic Cascades Triggered by the Barred Owl Range Expansion SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE barred owl; competition; intraguild predation; invasive species; northern spotted owl; Pacific Northwest; range expansion; Strix occidentalis caurina; Strix varia; trophic cascade ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; FISHERS MARTES-PENNANTI; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; STRIX-VARIA; INTERFERENCE COMPETITION; APPARENT COMPETITION; HABITAT SELECTION; FOREST MANAGEMENT; POCKET GOPHERS; CONSERVATION AB Recently, the barred owl (Strix varia) has expanded its range into the Pacific Northwest of the United States resulting in pronounced effects on the demography and behavior of the northern spotted owl (S. occidentalis caurina). The range expansion has brought together historically allopatric species, creating the potential for significant changes in the avian predator community with possible cascading effects on food-web dynamics. The adverse effects of the barred owl on the behavior and demography of the northern spotted owl are well-documented, but little is known about the immediate and long-term effects changes in the predator community may have on native species composition and ecosystem processes. Based on northern spotted owl and barred owl selection for diet and habitat resources, there is a potential for trophic cascades within the region's predator and prey communities, differing responses by their shared and unique prey species, and possible direct and indirect effects on ecosystem processes. We explored the possible ecological consequences of the barred owl range expansion to wildlife communities of the Pacific Northwest based on the theoretical underpinnings of predator-prey relationships, interspecific competition, intraguild predation, and potential cascading trophic interactions. Negative effects on fitness of northern spotted owls because of interspecific competition with barred owls are strong selection forces that may contribute to the regional extinction of the northern spotted owl. In addition, we posit that shared prey species and those uniquely consumed by barred owls, along with other competing native predators, may experience changes in behavior, abundance, and distribution as a result of increased rates of predation by rapidly expanding populations of barred owls. (C) 2016 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Holm, Samantha R.; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Holm, Samantha R.; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wiens, J. David] US Geol Survey, Forest & Range Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 9733 USA. [Ripple, William J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Troph Cascades Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Holm, Samantha R.] 3041 S High St, Denver, CO 80210 USA. RP Holm, SR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Holm, SR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Holm, SR (reprint author), 3041 S High St, Denver, CO 80210 USA. EM samtolve@gmail.com NR 107 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1002/wsb.714 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600002 ER PT J AU Walsh, DP Cassirer, EF Bonds, MD Brown, DR Edwards, WH Weiser, GC Drew, ML Briggs, RE Fox, KA Miller, MW Shanthalingam, S Srikumaran, S Besser, TE AF Walsh, Daniel P. Cassirer, E. Frances Bonds, Michael D. Brown, Daniel R. Edwards, William H. Weiser, Glen C. Drew, Mark L. Briggs, Robert E. Fox, Karen A. Miller, Michael W. Shanthalingam, Sudarvili Srikumaran, Subramaniam Besser, Thomas E. TI Concordance in Diagnostic Testing for Respiratory Pathogens of Bighorn Sheep SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Bayesian Kappa statistic; clinical test; leukotoxin; Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae; Pasteurellaceae; pneumonia; proficiency test; repeatability; ring test; wildlife disease ID OVIS-CANADENSIS-CANADENSIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MYCOPLASMA-OVIPNEUMONIAE; PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; MANNHEIMIA-HAEMOLYTICA; DOMESTIC SHEEP; PNEUMONIA; DISEASE; LEUKOTOXIN; TREHALOSI AB Reliable diagnostic tests are essential for disease investigation and management. This is particularly true for diseases of free-ranging wildlife where sampling is logistically difficult precluding retesting. Clinical assays for wildlife diseases frequently vary among laboratories because of lack of appropriate standardized commercial kits. Results of diagnostic testing may also be called into question when investigators report different etiologies for disease outbreaks, despite similar clinical and pathologic findings. To evaluate reliability of diagnostic testing for respiratory pathogens of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), we conducted a series of ring tests across 6 laboratories routinely involved in detection of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Pasteurellaceae, lktA (the Pasteurellaceae gene encoding leukotoxin), and 3 reference laboratories. Consistency of results for replicate samples within laboratories was high (median agreement = 1.0). Agreement between laboratories was high for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of M. ovipneumoniae and culture isolation of Mannheimia spp. and Bibersteinia trehalosi (median agreement - 0.89-0.95, Kappa - 0.65-0.74), and lower for PCR detection of Mannheimia spp. lktA (median agreement = 0.58, Kappa = 0.12). Most errors on defined status samples were false negatives, suggesting test sensitivity was a greater problem than specificity. However, tests for M. haemolytica and lktA yielded some false positive results. Despite differences in testing protocols, median agreement among laboratories and correct classification of controls for most agents was >= 0.80, meeting or exceeding the standard required by federal proficiency testing programs. This information is valuable for interpreting test results, laboratory quality assessments, and advancing diagnosis of respiratory disease in wild sheep. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Walsh, Daniel P.; Bonds, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Cassirer, E. Frances] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3316 16th St, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA. [Brown, Daniel R.] Univ Florida, Dept Infect Dis & Pathol, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Edwards, William H.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Wildlife Hlth Lab, 1174 Snowy Range Rd, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Weiser, Glen C.] Univ Idaho, Caine Vet Teaching Ctr, 1020 E Homedale Rd, Caldwell, ID 83607 USA. [Drew, Mark L.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Wildlife Hlth Lab, 16569 S 10th Ave, Caldwell, ID 83607 USA. [Briggs, Robert E.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Fox, Karen A.; Miller, Michael W.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Wildlife Hlth Program, 4330 W Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Shanthalingam, Sudarvili; Srikumaran, Subramaniam; Besser, Thomas E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Walsh, DP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM dwalsh@usgs.gov FU Idaho Wildlife Disease Research Oversight Committee; USGS National Wildlife Health Center FX We would like to thank the participating laboratories for their willingness to partake in this study, each of the laboratories that contributed samples on which the ring test was based, and MWM for providing the sequence-identified Pasteurellaceae used for spiking. We recognize U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Wildlife Health Center employees K. Egstad, Dr. D. Blehert, and K. McMullen for the dedication and hard work that made this ring test possible; T. Hosch-Hebdon with Idaho Department of Fish and Game for helpful insights during the inception of this project; and technical staff from each contributing laboratory CPW: K. Griffin; DBL: D. L. Michaels; GWL: S. Lindstedt and L. Dibben; TBL: K. Baker; WADDL: D. Diaz-Campos, D. Mellick, and D. Bradway; and WYL: J. Jennings-Gaines and H. Killion. Funding was provided by the Idaho Wildlife Disease Research Oversight Committee and USGS National Wildlife Health Center, and each participating laboratory provided funding for their diagnostic work. We thank Associate Editor Dr. J. McDonald, and 2 anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments, which improved the quality of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 634 EP 642 DI 10.1002/wsb.721 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600004 ER PT J AU Diggins, CA Gilley, LM Kelly, CA Ford, WM AF Diggins, Corinne A. Gilley, L. Michelle Kelly, Christine A. Ford, W. Mark TI Comparison of Survey Techniques on Detection of Northern Flying Squirrels SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE camera trap; Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus; live trap; monitoring; survey effort; ultrasonic acoustics ID CENTRAL ROCK-RAT; GLAUCOMYS-SABRINUS; CAMERA TRAP; HABITAT USE; ACOUSTIC IDENTIFICATION; NONINVASIVE TECHNIQUES; SMALL MAMMALS; HOME-RANGE; BAT; DESIGN AB The ability to detect a species is central to the success of monitoring for conservation and management purposes, especially if the species is rare or endangered. Traditional methods, such as live capture, can be labor-intensive, invasive, and produce low detection rates. Technological advances and new approaches provide opportunities to more effectively survey for species both in terms of accuracy and efficiency than previous methods. We conducted a pilot comparison study of a traditional technique (live-trapping) and 2 novel noninvasive techniques (camera-trapping and ultrasonic acoustic surveys) on detection rates of the federally endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) in occupied habitat within the Roan Mountain Highlands of North Carolina, USA. In 2015, we established 3 5 x 5 livetrapping grids (6.5 ha) with 4 camera traps and 4 acoustic detectors systematically embedded in each grid. All 3 techniques were used simultaneously during 2 4-day survey periods. We compared techniques by assessing probability of detection (POD), latency to detection (LTD; i.e., no. of survey nights until initial detection), and survey effort. Acoustics had the greatest POD (0.37 +/- 0.06 SE), followed by camera traps (0.30 +/- 0.06) and live traps (0.01 +/- 0.005). Acoustics had a lower LTD than camera traps (P = 0.017), where average LTD was 1.5 nights for acoustics and 3.25 nights for camera traps. Total field effort was greatest with live traps (111.9 hr) followed by acoustics (8.4 hr) and camera traps (9.6 hr), although processing and examination for data of noninvasive techniques made overall effort similar among the 3 methods. This pilot study demonstrated that both noninvasive methods were better rapid-assessment detection techniques for flying squirrels than live traps. However, determining seasonal effects between survey techniques and further development of protocols for both noninvasive techniques is necessary prior to widespread application in the region. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Diggins, Corinne A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Gilley, L. Michelle] Mars Hill Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Mars Hill, NC 28754 USA. [Kelly, Christine A.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Wildlife Management Div, Asheville, NC 28803 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Diggins, CA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cordie1@vt.edu FU North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Pittman-Robertson grant [W-66-R-1]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Endangered Species Recovery Implementation grant [F11AC01265] FX We would like to thank K. Weeks, S. Cameron, M. McCombs, J. McGuiness, and M. Crockett for logistical support. S. Higdon, E. Sypolt, and H. B. Hound provided field assistance. Housing was provided by the Southern Appalachians Highlands Conservancy. M. J. Kelly, S. M. Karpanty, M. B. Adams, A. C. Boyton, Associate Editor P. Neuhaus, and 2 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Funding was provided by North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Pittman-Robertson grant #W-66-R-1 and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Endangered Species Recovery Implementation grant #F11AC01265. This work was conducted under North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Endangered Species Permit #14-ES00401 and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Endangered Species Research Recovery Permit #TE34778A-0. The use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 654 EP 662 DI 10.1002/wsb.715 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600006 ER PT J AU Walsh, PB Sethi, SA Lake, BC Mangipane, BA Nielson, R Lowe, S AF Walsh, Patrick B. Sethi, Suresh Andrew Lake, Bryce C. Mangipane, Buck A. Nielson, Ryan Lowe, Stacey TI Estimating Denning Date of Wolves With Daily Movement and GPS Location Fix Failure SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Canis lupus; denning timing; parturition timing; wolf ID PARTURITION; MODELS AB We used Global Positioning System (GPS) radiotelemetry data from 7 breeding female wolves (Canis lupus; n = 14 dennings) in 3 regions across Alaska, USA, during 2008-2011 to develop and compare methods for estimating the onset of denning, and thus infer timing of parturition. We developed and tested 2 estimators based on a combination of GPS radiocollar location-fix failure and distance traveled between locations. We developed a quantitative method employing Generalized Additive Models to smooth time series of wolf data to estimate denning onset. In contrast, 3 study authors with first-hand experience with the study wolves implemented a subjective method of estimating denning onset by visual inspection of detection and distance traveled data. We then tested the visual method for repeatability by subjecting it to 10 wolf experts not associated with this study. Side-by-side comparison of estimators indicates that denning onset can be precisely measured using GPS detection success and distance traveled. Furthermore, the visual-inspection method was simple and rapid to implement and yielded more accurate (relative to assumed dates of denning onset) and precise results compared to the quantitative estimator. Although the Generalized Additive Model based approach had the advantage of estimating denning onset objectively following a set of prescribed rules in a statistical inferential framework, we found the method required significant technical capacity to implement and did not represent an improvement over simple visual-inspection-based estimates of denning onset. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Walsh, Patrick B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Togiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA. [Sethi, Suresh Andrew] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lake, Bryce C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, 101 12th Ave, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Mangipane, Buck A.] Natl Pk Serv, Lake Clark Natl Pk & Preserve, Port Alsworth, AK 99653 USA. [Nielson, Ryan] West Inc, 415 W 17th St,Suite 200, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA. [Lowe, Stacey] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Izembek Natl Wildlife Refuge, POB 127, Cold Bay, AK 99571 USA. RP Walsh, PB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Togiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA. EM patrick_walsh@fws.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Park Service FX This study was supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Park Service. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Government. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We are grateful to the wolf experts who contributed to this study by testing our visual method: L. Adams, S. Arthur, N. Barten, M. Bertram, T. Carnahan, N. Demma, H. Golden, L. D. Mech, M. Metz, and K. Mills. Finally, we sincerely thank associate editor W. Thogmartin and 2 anonymous reviewers-their insightful reviews led to a better paper. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 663 EP 668 DI 10.1002/wsb.703 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600007 ER PT J AU Dinges, AJ Webb, EB Vrtiska, MP AF Dinges, Andrew J. Webb, Elisabeth B. Vrtiska, Mark P. TI Light Goose Conservation Order Effects on Nontarget Waterfowl Behavior and Energy Expenditure SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE behavior; Conservation Order; dabbling ducks; daily energy expenditure; disturbance; light geese; Rainwater Basin; spring migration ID SPRING-STAGING ECOLOGY; SOUTH-CENTRAL NEBRASKA; GREATER SNOW GEESE; RAINWATER BASIN; NORTHERN PINTAILS; FEEDING ECOLOGY; BODY CONDITION; WETLAND BIRDS; ANAS-RUBRIPES; HIGH-PLAINS AB When the Light Goose Conservation Order (LGCO) was established during 1999 in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA, LGCO activities were limited to 4 days/week and 16 public wetlands were closed to the LGCO to limit disturbance to nontarget waterfowl during this energetically important time period. However, the effects of LGCO activities on waterfowl behavior and energy expenditure are relatively unknown in this critical waterfowl staging area. To evaluate LGCO effects on target and nontarget species, we paired wetlands open and closed to LGCO and recorded waterfowl behavior and hunter encounters during springs 2011 and 2012. We constructed hourly energy expenditure models based on behavior data collected for mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern pintails (A. acuta). In 2011, dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) spent more time feeding and less time resting in wetlands closed to hunting during early season when the majority of hunting encounters occurred; behaviors did not differ between hunt categories during late season when hunting activities subsided. However, in 2012, dabbling ducks spent more time feeding and less time resting in wetlands open to hunting during early and late seasons. We detected no differences in behaviors of lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens) or greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) between hunting categories in early season. Mallards had slightly greater energy expenditure on wetlands closed to hunting ((x) over bar - 38.94 +/- 0.31 kJ/bird/hr), compared with wetlands open to hunting ((x) over bar - 37.87 +/- 0.32 kJ/bird/hr); therefore, greater energy spent by mallards cannot be attributed to hunting disturbance. We also detected no differences in dabbling duck behavior or energy expenditure between days open or closed to hunting in the region. A refuge system of wetlands closed to LGCO activities in the Rainwater Basin may be an important management strategy in providing reduced disturbance for nontarget waterfowl species in some years. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Dinges, Andrew J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Webb, Elisabeth B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Vrtiska, Mark P.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, 2200 N 33rd St, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. RP Dinges, AJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.; Dinges, AJ (reprint author), 312 12th Ave NW, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM adinges8@gmail.com FU Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; U.S. Geological Survey Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; E. K. Love Fellowship; Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute FX We would like to thank the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the U.S. Geological Survey Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the E. K. Love Fellowship for providing funding and logistical support for this project. Additional logistical support was provided by the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture and Rainwater Basin Wetland Management District. We gratefully acknowledge H. Johnson and E. Teter for their assistance collecting field data and J. Fontaine and for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We especially would like to thank Associate Editor A. Pearse and all other reviewers that have helped improve this manuscript. The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 694 EP 704 DI 10.1002/wsb.704 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600011 ER PT J AU Ness, BN Klaver, RW AF Ness, Brenna N. Klaver, Robert W. TI Canada Goose Nest Survival at Rural Wetlands in North-central Iowa SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Branta canadensis maxima; giant Canada goose; habitat; Iowa; nest survival; Program MARK; rural ID SOUTHEASTERN ALBERTA; EGG FLOTATION; GEESE; SUCCESS; DENSITY; HABITAT; SELECTION; ISLANDS AB The last comprehensive nest survival study of the breeding giant Canada goose (Branta canadensis maxima) population in Iowa, USA, was conducted > 30 years ago during a period of population recovery, during which available nesting habitat consisted primarily of artificial nest structures. Currently, Iowa's resident goose population is stable and nests in a variety of habitats. We analyzed the effects of available habitat on nest survival and how nest survival rates compared with those of the expanding goose population studied previously to better understand how to maintain a sustainable Canada goose population in Iowa. We documented Canada goose nest survival at rural wetland sites in north-central Iowa. We monitored 121 nests in 2013 and 149 nests in 2014 at 5 Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) with various nesting habitats, including islands, muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) houses, and elevated nest structures. We estimated daily nest-survival rate using the nest survival model in Program MARK. Survival was influenced by year, site, stage, presence of a camera, nest age, and an interaction between nest age and stage. Nest success rates for the 28-day incubation period by site and year combination ranged from 0.10 to 0.84. Nest survival was greatest at sites with nest structures (beta = 17.34). Nest survival was negatively affected by lowered water levels at Rice Lake WMA (2013 beta = -0.77, nest age beta = -0.07). Timing of water-level drawdowns for shallow lake restorations may influence nest survival rates. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Ness, Brenna N.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ness, Brenna N.] 315 Main St, Odessa, DE 19730 USA. RP Ness, BN (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Ness, BN (reprint author), 315 Main St, Odessa, DE 19730 USA. EM brennatowery@gmail.com FU Iowa Department of Natural Resources Fish and Wildlife Trust Fund [CRWB0046-8340-WSUCH]; U.S. Geological Survey [G12AC20381] FX We thank P. Bartelt, P. Eyheralde, J. Godwin, S. Handrigan, O. Jones, K. Murphy, R. Reeves, and G. Zenner for their efforts in nest searching and monitoring; S. Dinsmore for guidance on statistical analysis; the Iowa DNR for providing field housing; and J. Morris for access to his Jon boat. We also thank J. Stafford and 3 anonymous reviewers for providing valuable feedback during the review process. Partial funding for this project was provided through the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Fish and Wildlife Trust Fund Contract CRWB0046-8340-WSUCH and Cooperative Agreement Number G12AC20381 from the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 705 EP 713 DI 10.1002/wsb.716 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600012 ER PT J AU Koford, RR Dodici, G Zenner, G Vogel, JA Ness, B Klaver, RW AF Koford, Rolf R. Dodici, Gian Zenner, Guy Vogel, Jennifer A. Ness, Brenna Klaver, Robert W. TI Influence of Patch Shape on Mallard Nest Survival in Northern Iowa SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Anas platyrhynchos; hen success; nest survival; patch size; perimeter-to-area ratio; Prairie Pothole Region; predation; telemetry; waterfowl ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WETLAND USE; DUCK NESTS; SUCCESS; LANDSCAPE; POPULATIONS; PREDATION; WATERFOWL AB Reproductive success of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) is influenced by distribution and amount of wetlands and grasslands on the landscape during the breeding season. Most studies of mallard reproductive success have been conducted in areas with high wetland densities and large tracts of grasslands. We investigated nest survival of mallards in intensively cropped northern Iowa, USA, where wetland and grassland habitats were highly fragmented. We radiotracked female mallards nesting during 1998-2000 and located 318 nests in 6 types of land cover. Overall daily survival rate of nests was 0.945 +/- 0.003 standard error (SE), corresponding to an estimated nest survival rate of 0.14. Hen success (i.e., the probability that an individual female will hatch a nest in one of her attempts) averaged 0.28 +/- 0.03 SE. We used a model selection approach to examine covariates that might affect nest survival. Perimeter-to-area ratio (PAR) of the nest patch was the most important predictor of daily nest survival, with nest survival decreasing with increasing PAR. A greater percentage of nests hatched (18%) in habitats with low perimeter-to-area ratios (e.g., pastures, hayfields, Conservation Reserve Program fields, and managed grasslands) compared with habitats with high PAR (11%) such as drainage ditches, road-side ditches, fencerows, and waterways. Managing habitat in this region to increase mallard nest survival will be challenging, given the propensity of mallards to nest in linear habitats. If the climate change projections materialize in the 21st century, the southeastern portion of the Prairie Pothole Region could become a much more important breeding area for midcontinent mallards. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Koford, Rolf R.; Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 338 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dodici, Gian] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zenner, Guy] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, 1203 North Shore Dr, Clear Lake, IA 50428 USA. [Vogel, Jennifer A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, 253 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ness, Brenna] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ness, Brenna] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dodici, Gian] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3817 Luker Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. RP Klaver, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 338 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bklaver@iastate.edu FU Iowa Department of Natural Resources FX Funding for this research was provided through the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. A. Hancock, D. Hoffman, and numerous technicians assisted with data collection. We appreciate the comments by the Associate Editor and the anonymous reviewers, which greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 714 EP 721 DI 10.1002/wsb.713 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600013 ER PT J AU Roberts, CP Cain, JW Cox, RD AF Roberts, Caleb P. Cain, James W., III Cox, Robert D. TI Application of Activity Sensors for Estimating Behavioral Patterns SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE activity budget; behavior; Cervus canadensis; diel; elk; New Mexico; scale; telemetry; ungulate ID DEER CERVUS-ELAPHUS; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; HABITAT-SELECTION; GPS TELEMETRY; RED DEER; INACTIVE BEHAVIORS; RESOURCE SELECTION; AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; AMERICAN ELK; COLLARS AB The increasing use of Global Positioning System (GPS) collars in habitat selection studies provides large numbers of precise location data points with reduced field effort. However, inclusion of activity sensors in many GPS collars also grants the potential to remotely estimate behavioral state. Thus, only using GPS collars to collect location data belies their full capabilities. Coupling behavioral state with location data would allow researchers and managers to refine habitat selection models by using diel behavioral state changes to partition fine-scale temporal shifts in habitat selection. We tested the capability of relatively unsophisticated GPS-collar activity sensors to estimate behavior throughout diel periods using free-ranging female elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico, USA, 2013-2014. Collars recorded cumulative number of movements (hits) per 15-min recording period immediately preceding GPS fixes at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hr. We measured diel behavioral patterns of focal elk, categorizing active (i.e., foraging, traveling, vigilant, grooming) and inactive (i.e., resting) states. Active behaviors (foraging, traveling) produced more average hits (0.87 +/- 0.69 hits/min, 4.0 +/- 2.2 hits/min, respectively; 95% CI) and inactive (resting) behavior fewer hits (-1.1 +/- 0.61 95% CI). We differentiated active and inactive behavioral states with a bootstrapped threshold of 5.9 +/- 3.9 hits/15-min recording period. Mean cumulative activity-sensor hits corresponded with observed diel behavioral patterns: hits increased during crepuscular (0600, 1800 hr) observations when elk were most active (0000-0600 hr: d = 0.19; 1200-1800 hr: d = 0.64) and decreased during midday and night (0000 hr, 1200 hr) when elk were least active (1800-0000 hr: d = -0.39; 0600-1200 hr: d = -0.43). Even using relatively unsophisticated GPS-collar activity sensors, managers can remotely estimate behavioral states, approximate diel behavioral patterns, and potentially complement location data in developing habitat selection models. (C) 2016 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Roberts, Caleb P.; Cox, Robert D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Goddard Bldg,Box 42125, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cain, James W., III] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 30003,MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Roberts, Caleb P.] Univ Nebraska, 1825 N 38th St,Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. RP Cain, JW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 30003,MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jwcain@nmsu.edu FU Texas Tech University Department of Natural Resources Management; U.S. Forest Service; Valles Caldera National Preserve; Pueblo of Jemez FX We thank Texas Tech University Department of Natural Resources Management, the U.S. Forest Service, Valles Caldera National Preserve, and the Pueblo of Jemez for funding and equipment. The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish provided logistical support and help in capturing study animals. We thank the Valles Caldera National Preserve for access, logistical support and equipment, including R. R. Parmenter and M.A. Peyton. J. Daly, J. Kiehne, S. Gaffney, E. Cate, and S. Johnson-Bice assistance with data collection. We also thank M. Wallace for equipment. We thank the Associate Editor, M. Wallace, P. Krausman, and 2 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on a previous draft of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 764 EP 771 DI 10.1002/wsb.717 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EF9XU UT WOS:000390685600020 ER PT J AU Navratil, T Shanley, JB Rohovec, J Oulehle, F Simecek, M Houska, J Cudlin, P AF Navratil, Tomas Shanley, James B. Rohovec, Jan Oulehle, Filip Simecek, Martin Houska, Jakub Cudlin, Pavel TI Soil mercury distribution in adjacent coniferous and deciduous stands highly impacted by acid rain in the Ore Mountains, Czech Republic SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Carbon; Sulfur; Nitrogen; Soil pools; Oxalate extractable Al and Fe; Hg/C ratio; C/S ratio; Black triangle ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; LONG-TERM ACIDIFICATION; ACADIA NATIONAL-PARK; FOREST SOILS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; BOREAL FORESTS; STREAM WATER; PICEA-ABIES AB Forests play a primary role in the cycling and storage of mercury (Hg) in terrestrial ecosystems. This study aimed to assess differences in Hg cycling and storage resulting from different vegetation at two adjacent forest stands - beech and spruce. The study site Nacetin in the Czech Republic's Black Triangle received high atmospheric loadings of Hg from coal combustion in the second half of the 20th century as documented by peat accumulation rates reaching 100 mu g m(-2) y(-1). In 2004, the annual litterfall Hg flux was 22.5 mu g m(-2) y(-1) in the beech stand and 14.5 mu g m(-2) y(-1) in the spruce stand. Soil concentrations and pools of Hg had a strong positive relation to soil organic matter and concentrations of soil sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N). O-horizon Hg concentrations ranged from 245 to 495 mu g kg(-1) and were greater in the spruce stand soil, probably as a result of greater dry Hg deposition. Mineral soil Hg concentrations ranged from 51 to 163 mu g kg(-1) and were greater in the beech stand soil due to its greater capacity to store organic carbon (C). The Hg/C ratio increased with depth from 0.3 in the O-horizon to 3.8 mu g g(-1) in the C horizon of spruce soil and from 0.7 to 2.7 mu g g(-1) in beech soil. The Hg/C ratio was greater at all mineral soil depths in the spruce stand. The organic soil Hg pools in beech and spruce stands (6.4 and 5.7 mg m(-2), respectively) were considerably lower than corresponding mineral soil Hg pools (39.1 and 25.8 mg m(-2)). Despite the important role of S in Hg cycling, differences in soil Hg distribution at both stands could not be attributed to differences in soil sulfur speciation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Navratil, Tomas; Rohovec, Jan; Simecek, Martin] Inst Geol AS CR, Vvi, Rozvojova 269, Prague 16500 6, Czech Republic. [Shanley, James B.] US Geol Survey, POB 628, Montpelier, VT 05601 USA. [Oulehle, Filip] Czech Geol Survey, Klarov 3, Prague 11821 1, Czech Republic. [Houska, Jakub] Czech Univ Life Sci, Fac Agrobiol Food & Nat Resources, Dept Soil Sci & Soil Protect, Kamycka 129, Prague 16521 6, Czech Republic. [Cudlin, Pavel] Global Change Res Ctr AS CR, Vvi, Porici 3b, Brno 60300, Czech Republic. RP Navratil, T (reprint author), Inst Geol AS CR, Vvi, Rozvojova 269, Prague 16500 6, Czech Republic. EM navratilt@gli.cas.cz RI Navratil, Tomas/C-3181-2008; Houska, Jakub/K-4404-2012 OI Navratil, Tomas/0000-0002-6213-5336; FU Czech Science Foundation [P210-11-1369, GA16-14762S]; [RVO67985831] FX The main financial support for this research was provided by the Czech Science Foundation Project No. P210-11-1369 and No. GA16-14762S. Long-term research program support at the Institute of Geology AS CR v.v.i. was provided by institutional project RVO67985831. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We are very thankful to Svetlana Hubickova and Irena Dobesova for sample processing and laboratory treatment. We appreciate the hard work of technician Oldrich Myska. NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 75 BP 63 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.10.005 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF1KY UT WOS:000390084900007 ER PT J AU Ellefsen, KJ Smith, DB AF Ellefsen, Karl J. Smith, David B. TI Manual hierarchical clustering of regional geochemical data using a Bayesian finite mixture model SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Clustering; Geochemical data; Compositional data; Finite mixture model; Bayesian modeling; Regional geochemistry AB Interpretation of regional scale, multivariate geochemical data is aided by a statistical technique called "clustering." We investigate a particular clustering procedure by applying it to geochemical data collected in the State of Colorado, United States of America. The clustering procedure partitions the field samples for the entire survey area into two clusters. The field samples in each cluster are partitioned again to create two subclusters, and so on. This manual procedure generates a hierarchy of clusters, and the different levels of the hierarchy show geochemical and geological processes occurring at different spatial scales. Although there are many different. clustering methods, we use Bayesian finite mixture modeling With two probability distributions, which yields two clusters. The model parameters are estimated with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling of the posterior probability density function, which usually has multiple modes. Each mode has its own set of model parameters; each set is checked to ensure that it is consistent both with the data and with independent geologic knowledge. The set of model parameters that is most consistent with the independent geologic knowledge is selected for detailed interpretation and partitioning of the field samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ellefsen, Karl J.; Smith, David B.] US Geol Survey, MS 964,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Smith, David B.] US Geol Survey, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Ellefsen, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 964,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM ellefsen@usgs.gov; dbsmith13@gmail.com FU Geochemical Landscapes Project within the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey FX This work was funded by the Geochemical Landscapes Project within the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. J. Morrison and two anonymous reviewers provide helpful suggestions that improved this manuscript. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 75 BP 200 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.05.016 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF1KY UT WOS:000390084900019 ER PT J AU Ennen, JR Agha, M Matamoros, WA Hazzard, SC Lovich, JE AF Ennen, Joshua R. Agha, Mickey Matamoros, Wilfredo A. Hazzard, Sarah C. Lovich, Jeffrey E. TI Using climate, energy, and spatial-based hypotheses to interpret macroecological patterns of North America chelonians (vol 94, pg 453, 2016) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Ennen, Joshua R.; Hazzard, Sarah C.] Tennessee Aquarium, Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, 201 Chestnut St, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA. [Agha, Mickey] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Matamoros, Wilfredo A.] Univ Ciencias & Artes Chiapas, Fac Ciencias Biol, Museo Zool, Apartado Postal 29000, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. [Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ennen, JR (reprint author), Tennessee Aquarium, Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, 201 Chestnut St, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA. EM jre@tnaqua.org NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 EI 1480-3283 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 94 IS 12 BP 885 EP 885 DI 10.1139/cjz-2016-0257 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EF4RW UT WOS:000390320700008 ER PT J AU Hsueh, YH Chambers, JL Krauss, KW Allen, ST Keim, RF AF Hsueh, Yu-Hsin Chambers, Jim L. Krauss, Ken W. Allen, Scott T. Keim, Richard F. TI Hydrologic exchanges and baldcypress water use on deltaic hummocks, Louisiana, USA SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE tidal wetland; coastal swamp; Taxodium distichum; saline flooding; water use; microtopography; sea-level rise ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; TAXODIUM-DISTICHUM SEEDLINGS; RATIO INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SOIL REDOX CONDITIONS; FRESH-WATER; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL LOUISIANA; FLOOD-TOLERANT; ROOT PRODUCTIVITY; FORESTED WETLANDS AB Coastal forested hummocks support clusters of trees in the saltwater-freshwater transition zone. To examine how hummocks support trees in mesohaline sites that are beyond physiological limits of the trees, we used salinity and stable isotopes (H-2 and O-18) of water as tracers to understand water fluxes in hummocks and uptake by baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.), which is the most abundant tree species in coastal freshwater forests of the southeastern U.S. Hummocks were always partially submerged and were completely submerged 1 to 8% of the time during the two studied growing seasons, in association with high water in the estuary. Salinity, delta O-18, and delta H-2 varied more in the shallow open water than in groundwater. Surface water and shallow groundwater were similar to throughfall in isotopic composition, which suggested dominance by rainfall. Salinity of groundwater in hummocks increased with depth, was higher than in swales, and fluctuated little over time. Isotopic composition of xylem water in baldcypress was similar to the vadose zone and unlike other measured sources, indicating that trees preferentially use unsaturated hummock tops as refugia from higher salinity and saturated soil in swales and the lower portions of hummocks. Sustained upward gradients of salinity from groundwater to surface water and vadose water, and low variation in groundwater salinity and isotopic composition, suggested long residence time, limited exchange with surface water, and that the shallow subsurface of hummocks is characterized by episodic salinization and slow dilution. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hsueh, Yu-Hsin; Chambers, Jim L.; Allen, Scott T.; Keim, Richard F.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA. RP Keim, RF (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM rkeim@lsu.edu FU George M. Wright Climate Change Fellowship; Lucius W. Gilbert Foundation; USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [LAB94181] FX The work was funded by George M. Wright Climate Change Fellowship, Lucius W. Gilbert Foundation, the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award LAB94181. The authors are grateful to Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve for access to the site. Ryan Stewart provided valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The authors thank Brandon Edwards for his technical and field assistance; Julie Whitbeck for her help with the park; Holly Barnard for her assistance in distillation; Richard Day and Andrew From for maintaining the continuous site water level recorder; and Sairah Javed, Chieko Hunter, Sanjeev Joshi, Kuang-chi Hung, April Newman, Marcus Rutherford, Kaci Fisher, and Erin Johnson for field assistance. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1936-0584 EI 1936-0592 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 9 IS 8 BP 1452 EP 1463 DI 10.1002/eco.1738 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA EF0NR UT WOS:000390023000003 ER PT J AU Slack, JF Corriveau, L Hitzman, MW AF Slack, John F. Corriveau, Louise Hitzman, Murray W. TI A Special Issue Devoted to Proterozoic Iron Oxide-Apatite (+/- REE) and Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Affiliated Deposits of Southeast Missouri, USA, and the Great Bear Magmatic Zone, Northwest Territories, Canada SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ST-FRANCOIS MOUNTAINS; HOTTAH TERRANE; GAWLER CRATON; WOPMAY OROGEN; MAGNETITE-APATITE; KIRUNA-TYPE; U-PB; MINERALIZATION; CONSTRAINTS; CU C1 [Slack, John F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Corriveau, Louise] Geol Survey Canada, Nat Resources Canada, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Hitzman, Murray W.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Slack, John F.] US Geol Survey, Farmington, CT 04938 USA. [Hitzman, Murray W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 102, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Slack, JF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA.; Slack, JF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Farmington, CT 04938 USA. EM jfslack@usgs.gov NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1803 EP 1814 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500001 ER PT J AU Day, WC Slack, JF Ayuso, RA Seeger, CM AF Day, Warren C. Slack, John F. Ayuso, Robert A. Seeger, Cheryl M. TI Regional Geologic and Petrologic Framework for Iron Oxide +/- Apatite +/- Rare Earth Element and Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Deposits of the Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, Southeast Missouri, USA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SILICATE LIQUID IMMISCIBILITY; BEAR MAGMATIC ZONE; A-TYPE GRANITES; GRENVILLE PROVINCE; MAGNETITE-APATITE; KIRUNA-TYPE; PROTEROZOIC TERRANE; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; ISOTOPE EVIDENCE; BASEMENT ROCKS AB This paper provides an overview on the genesis of Mesoproterozoic igneous rocks and associated iron oxide +/- apatite (IOA) +/- rare earth element, iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG), and iron-rich sedimentary deposits in the St. Francois Mountains terrane of southeast Missouri, USA. The St. Francois Mountains terrane lies along the southeastern margin of Laurentia as part of the eastern granite-rhyolite province. The province formed during two major pulses of igneous activity: (1) an older early Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1.50-1.44 Ga) episode of volcanism and granite plutonism, and (2) a younger middle Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1.33-1.30 Ga) episode of bimodal gabbro and granite plutonism. The volcanic rocks are predominantly high-silica rhyolite pyroclastic flows, volcanogenic breccias, and associated volcanogenic sediments with lesser amounts of basaltic to andesitic volcanic and associated subvolcanic intrusive rocks. The iron oxide deposits are all hosted in the early Mesoproterozoic volcanic and volcaniclastic sequences. Previous studies have characterized the St. Francois Mountains terrane as a classic, A-type within-plate granitic terrane. However, our new whole-rock geochemical data indicate that the felsic volcanic rocks are effusive derivatives from multicomponent source types, having compositional similarities to A-type within-plate granites as well as to S-and I-type granites generated in an arc setting. In addition, the volcanic-hosted IOA and IOCG deposits occur within bimodal volcanic sequences, some of which have volcanic arc geochemical affinities, suggesting an extensional tectonic setting during volcanism prior to emplacement of the ore-forming systems. The Missouri iron orebodies are magmatic-related hydrothermal deposits that, when considered in aggregate, display a vertical zonation from high-temperature, magmatic +/- hydrothermal IOA deposits emplaced at moderate depths (similar to 1-2 km), to magnetite-dominant IOA veins and IOCG deposits emplaced at shallow subvolcanic depths. The shallowest parts of these systems include near-surface, iron oxide-only replacement deposits, surficial epithermal sediment-hosted replacement deposits, synsedimentary ironstone deposits, and Mn-rich exhalite deposits. Alteration associated with the IOA and IOCG mineralizing systems of the host volcanic rocks dominantly produced potassic with lesser amounts of calcic-and sodic-rich mineral assemblages. No deposits are known to be hosted in granite, implying that the mineralizing systems were operative during a relatively short, postvolcanic period yet prior to intrusion of the granitoids. Companion studies in this special issue on mineral chemistry, stable isotopes, and iron isotopes suggest that the magnetite within the IOA deposits formed from high-temperature fluids of magmatic or magmatic-hydrothermal origin. However, the data do not discriminate between a magmatic-hydrothermal source fluid exsolved from an Fe-rich immiscible liquid or an Fe-rich silicate magma. Mineral chemical, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope data from these new studies record the effects of metasomatic fluids that interacted with crustal reservoirs such as volcanic rocks or seawater. C1 [Day, Warren C.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 973, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Slack, John F.; Ayuso, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mail Stop 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Seeger, Cheryl M.] Missouri Geol Survey, Missouri Dept Nat Resources, POB 250, Rolla, MO 65402 USA. RP Day, WC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 973, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. EM wday@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program; Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Missouri Geological Survey (MGS) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Missouri Geological Survey (MGS). Early discussions with Eva Kisvarsanyi (MGS) on regional geology and ore deposits of the St. Francois Mountains terrane were extremely valuable and led to a deeper understanding of the complexities of this region. Geologic field and logistical support provided by Molly Starkey (MGS) is greatly appreciated, as is the geospatial computer assistance of John Horton (USGS). We wish to thank John Jackson (USGS) for his X-ray diffraction data and interpretations. Constructive and insightful reviews by Ulf B. Andersson, Louise Corriveau, Edward du Bray, Murray W. Hitzman, and John L. Nold greatly improved the manuscript. NR 162 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 12 U2 12 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1825 EP 1858 PG 34 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500003 ER PT J AU McCafferty, AE Phillips, JD Driscoll, RL AF McCafferty, Anne E. Phillips, Jeffrey D. Driscoll, Rhonda L. TI Magnetic and Gravity Gradiometry Framework for Mesoproterozoic Iron Oxide-Apatite and Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposits, Southeast Missouri SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; PROMINENT HILL; GAWLER CRATON; OLYMPIC DAM; AUSTRALIA; CONSTRAINTS; CANDELARIA; DISTRICT; BASEMENT; PROVINCE AB High-resolution airborne magnetic and gravity gradiometry data provide the geophysical framework for evaluating the exploration potential of hidden iron oxide deposits in Mesoproterozoic basement rocks of southeast Missouri. The data are used to calculate mineral prospectivity for iron oxide-apatite (IOA) +/- rare earth element (REE) and iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposits. Results delineate the geophysical footprints of all known iron oxide deposits and reveal several previously unrecognized prospective areas. The airborne data are also inverted to three-dimensional density and magnetic susceptibility models over four concealed deposits at Pea Ridge (IOA +/- REE), Boss (IOCG), Kratz Spring (IOA), and Bourbon (IOCG). The Pea Ridge susceptibility model shows a magnetic source that is vertically extensive and traceable to a depth of greater than 2 km. A smaller density source, located within the shallow Precambrian basement, is partly coincident with the magnetic source at Pea Ridge. In contrast, the Boss models show a large (625-m-wide), vertically extensive, and coincident dense and magnetic stock with shallower adjacent lobes that extend more than 2,600 m across the shallow Precambrian paleosurface. The Kratz Spring deposit appears to be a smaller volume of iron oxides and is characterized by lower density and less magnetic rock compared to the other iron deposits. A prospective area identified south of the Kratz Spring deposit shows the largest volume of coincident dense and nonmagnetic rock in the subsurface, and is interpreted as prospective for a hematite-dominant lithology that extends from the top of the Precambrian to depths exceeding 2 km. The Bourbon deposit displays a large bowl-shaped volume of coincident high density and high-magnetic susceptibility rock, and a geometry that suggests the iron mineralization is vertically restricted to the upper parts of the Precambrian basement. In order to underpin the evaluation of the prospectivity and three-dimensional models, an extensive statistical summary of density and apparent magnetic susceptibility measurements is presented that includes data on several hundred samples taken from the deposits, altered wall rocks, and unaltered country rocks. C1 [McCafferty, Anne E.; Phillips, Jeffrey D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 964, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Driscoll, Rhonda L.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP McCafferty, AE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 964, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM anne@usgs.gov NR 96 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 3 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1859 EP 1882 PG 24 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500004 ER PT J AU Aleinikoff, JN Selby, D Slack, JF Day, WC Pillers, RM Cosca, MA Seeger, CM Fanning, CM Samson, IM AF Aleinikoff, J. N. Selby, D. Slack, J. F. Day, W. C. Pillers, R. M. Cosca, M. A. Seeger, C. M. Fanning, C. M. Samson, I. M. TI U-Pb, Re-Os, and Ar/Ar Geochronology of Rare Earth Element (REE)-Rich Breccia Pipes and Associated Host Rocks from the Mesoproterozoic Pea Ridge Fe-REE-Au Deposit, St. Francois Mountains, Missouri SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL CALIBRATION; SOUTHEASTERN MISSOURI; ICP-MS; MONAZITE; XENOTIME; MOLYBDENITE; COMPLEX; ZIRCON; SHRIMP; AGES AB Rare earth element (REE)-rich breccia pipes (600,000 t @ 12% rare earth oxides) are preserved along the margins of the 136-million metric ton (Mt) Pea Ridge magnetite-apatite deposit, within Mesoproterozoic (similar to 1.47 Ga) volcanic-plutonic rocks of the St. Francois Mountains terrane in southeastern Missouri, United States. The breccia pipes cut the rhyolite-hosted magnetite deposit and contain clasts of nearly all local bedrock and mineralized lithologies. Grains of monazite and xenotime were extracted from breccia pipe samples for SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology; both minerals were also dated in one polished thin section. Monazite forms two morphologies: (1) matrix granular grains composed of numerous small (<50 mu m) crystallites intergrown with rare xenotime, thorite, apatite, and magnetite; and (2) coarse euhedral, glassy, bright-yellow grains similar to typical igneous or metamorphic monazite. Trace element abundances (including REE patterns) were determined on selected grains of monazite (both morphologies) and xenotime. Zircon grains from two samples of host rhyolite and two late felsic dikes collected underground at Pea Ridge were also dated. Additional geochronology done on breccia pipe minerals includes Re-Os on fine-grained molybdenite and Ar-40/Ar-39 on muscovite, biotite, and K-feldspar. Ages (+/- 2 sigma errors) obtained by SHRIMP U-Pb analysis are as follows: (1) zircon from the two host rhyolite samples have ages of 1473.6 +/- 8.0 and 1472.7 +/- 5.6 Ma; most zircon in late felsic dikes is interpreted as xenocrystic (age range ca. 1522-1455 Ma); a population of rare spongy zircon is likely of igneous origin and yields an age of 1441 +/- 9 Ma; (2) pale-yellow granular monazite-1464.9 +/- 3.3 Ma (no dated xenotime); (3) reddish matrix granular monazite-1462.0 +/- 3.5 Ma and associated xenotime-1453 +/- 11 Ma; (4) coarse glassy-yellow monazite-1464.8 +/- 2.1, 1461.7 +/- 3.7 Ma, with rims at 1447.2 +/- 4.7 Ma; and (5) matrix monazite (in situ)-1464.1 +/- 3.6 and 1454.6 +/- 9.6 Ma, and matrix xenotime (in situ)-1468.0 +/- 8.0 Ma. Two slightly older ages of cores are about 1478 Ma. The young age of rims on the coarse glassy monazite coincides with an Re-Os age of 1440.6 +/- 9.2 Ma determined in this study for molybdenite intergrown with quartz and allanite, and with the age of monazite inclusions in apatite from the magnetite ore (Neymark et al., 2016). A Ar-40/Ar-39 age of 1473 +/- 1 Ma was obtained for muscovite from a breccia pipe sample. Geochronology and trace element geochemical data suggest that the granular matrix monazite and xenotime (in polygonal texture), and cores of coarse glassy monazite precipitated from hydrothermal fluids during breccia pipes formation at about 1465 Ma. The second episode of mineral growth at ca. 1443 Ma may be related to faulting and fluid flow that rebrecciated the pipes. The ca. 10-m. y. gap between the ages of host volcanic rocks and breccia pipe monazite and xenotime suggests that breccia pipe mineral formation cannot be related to the felsic magmatism represented by the rhyolitic volcanic rocks, and hence is linked to a different magmatic-hydrothermal system. C1 [Aleinikoff, J. N.; Day, W. C.; Pillers, R. M.; Cosca, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Selby, D.] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Slack, J. F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Seeger, C. M.] Missouri Dept Nat Resources, Rolla, MO 65402 USA. [Fanning, C. M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Samson, I. M.] Univ Windsor, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Aleinikoff, JN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM jaleinikoff@usgs.gov NR 76 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 6 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1883 EP 1914 PG 32 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500005 ER PT J AU Neymark, LA Holm-Denoma, CS Pietruszka, AJ Aleinikoff, JN Fanning, CM Pillers, RM Moscati, RJ AF Neymark, L. A. Holm-Denoma, C. S. Pietruszka, A. J. Aleinikoff, J. N. Fanning, C. M. Pillers, R. M. Moscati, R. J. TI High Spatial Resolution U-Pb Geochronology and Pb Isotope Geochemistry of Magnetite-Apatite Ore from the Pea Ridge Iron Oxide-Apatite Deposit, St. Francois Mountains, Southeast Missouri, USA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROCKS; MONAZITE; AGES; LEAD; ZIRCON; PROVINCE; SYSTEMATICS; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; CANADA AB The Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposit is one of the major rhyolite-hosted magnetite deposits of the St. Francois Mountains terrane, which is located within the Mesoproterozoic (1.5-1.3 Ga) Granite-Rhyolite province in the U.S. Midcontinent. Precise and accurate determination of the timing and duration of ore-forming processes in this deposit is crucial for understanding its origin and placing it within a deposit-scale and regional geologic context. Apatite and monazite, well-established U-Pb mineral geochronometers, are abundant in the Pea Ridge orebody. However, the potential presence of multiple generations of dateable minerals, processes of dissolution-reprecipitation, and occurrence of micrometer-sized intergrowths and inclusions complicate measurements and interpretations of the geochronological results. Here, we employ a combination of several techniques, including ID-TIMS and high spatial resolution geochronology of apatite and monazite using LA-SC-ICPMS and SHRIMP, and Pb isotope geochemistry of pyrite and magnetite to obtain the first direct age constraints on the formation and alteration history of the Pea Ridge IOA deposit. The oldest apatite TIMS Pb-207*/Pb-206* dates are 1471 +/- 1 and 1468 +/- 1 Ma, slightly younger than (but within error of) the similar to 1474 to similar to 1473 Ma U-Pb zircon ages of the host rhyolites. Dating of apatite and monazite inclusions within apatite provides evidence for at least one younger metasomatic event at similar to 1.44 Ga, and possibly multiple superimposed metasomatic events between 1.47 and 1.44 Ga. Lead isotop analyses of pyrite show extremely radiogenic Pb-206/Pb-204 ratios up to similar to 80 unsupported by in situ U decay. This excess radiogenic Pb in pyrite may have been derived from the spatially associated apatite as apatite recrystallized several tens of million years after its formation. The low initial 206Pb/204Pb ratio of similar to 16.5 and Pb-207/Pb-204 ratio of similar to 15.4 for individual magnetite grains indicate closed U-Pb system behavior in this mineral and are consistent with derivation of the Pb from a mantle-like source. C1 [Neymark, L. A.; Holm-Denoma, C. S.; Pietruszka, A. J.; Aleinikoff, J. N.; Pillers, R. M.; Moscati, R. J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Fanning, C. M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Neymark, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM lneymark@usgs.gov NR 87 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 8 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1915 EP 1933 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500006 ER PT J AU Ayuso, RA Slack, JF Day, WC McCafferty, AE AF Ayuso, Robert A. Slack, John F. Day, Warren C. McCafferty, Anne E. TI Geochemistry, Nd-Pb Isotopes, and Pb-Pb Ages of the Mesoproterozoic Pea Ridge Iron Oxide-Apatite-Rare Earth Element Deposit, Southeast Missouri SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ST-FRANCOIS MOUNTAINS; TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS; PROTEROZOIC TERRANE; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; IMMOBILE ELEMENTS; MAFIC ROCKS; USA; DISCRIMINATION; PETROGENESIS; MOBILITY AB Iron oxide-apatite and iron oxide-copper-gold deposits occur within similar to 1.48 to 1.47 Ga volcanic rocks of the St. Francois Mountains terrane near a regional boundary separating crustal blocks having contrasting depletedmantle Sm-Nd model ages (T-DM). Major and trace element analyses and Nd and Pb isotope data were obtained to characterize the Pea Ridge deposit, improve identification of exploration targets, and better understand the regional distribution of mineralization with respect to crustal blocks. The Pea Ridge deposit is spatially associated with felsic volcanic rocks and plutons. Mafic to intermediate-composition rocks are volumetrically minor. Data for major element variations are commonly scattered and strongly suggest element mobility. Ratios of relatively immobile elements indicate that the felsic rocks are evolved subalkaline dacite and rhyolite; the mafic rocks are basalt to basaltic andesite. Granites and rhyolites display geochemical features typical of rocks produced by subduction. Rare earth element (REE) variations for the rhyolites are diagnostic of rocks affected by hydrothermal alteration and associated REE mineralization. The magnetite-rich rocks and REE-rich breccias show similar REE and mantle-normalized trace element patterns. Nd isotope compositions (age corrected) show that: (1) host rhyolites have epsilon(Nd) from 3.44 to 4.25 and T-DM from 1.51 to 1.59 Ga; (2) magnetite ore and specular hematite rocks display epsilon(Nd) from 3.04 to 4.21and T-DM from 1.6 to 1.51 Ga, and epsilon(Nd) from 2.23 to 2.81, respectively; (3) REE-rich breccias have epsilon(Nd) from 3.04 to 4.11 and TDM from 1.6 to 1.51 Ga; and (4) mafic to intermediate-composition rocks range in epsilon(Nd) from 2.35 to 3.66 and in TDM from 1.66 to 1.56. The epsilon(Nd) values of the magnetite and specular hematite samples show that the REE mineralization is magmatic; no evidence exists for major overprinting by younger, crustal meteoric fluids, or by externally derived Nd. Host rocks, breccias, and magnetite ore shared a common origin from a similar source. Lead isotope ratios are diverse: (1) host rhyolite has Pb-206/Pb-204 from 24.261 to 50.091; (2) Pea Ridge and regional galenas have Pb-206/Pb-204 from 16.030 to 33.548; (3) REE-rich breccia, magnetite ore, and specular hematite rock are more radiogenic than galena; (4) REE-rich breccias have high Pb-206/Pb-204 (38.122-1277.61) compared to host rhyolites; and (5) REE-rich breccias are more radiogenic than magnetite ore and specularhematite rock, having Pb-206/Pb-204 up to 230.65. Radiogenic Pb-207/Pb-206 age estimates suggest the following: (1) rhyolitic host rocks have ages of similar to 1.50 Ga, (2) magnetite ore is similar to 1.44 Ga, and (3) REE-rich breccias are similar to 1.48 Ga. These estimates are broadly consistent and genetically link the host rhyolite, REE-rich breccia, and magnetite ore as being contemporaneous. Alteration style and mineralogical or textural distinctions among the magnetite-rich rocks and REE-rich breccias do not correlate with different isotopic sources. In our model, magmatic fluids leached metals from the coeval felsic rocks (rhyolites), which provided the metal source reflected in the compositions of the REE-rich breccias and mineralized rocks. This model allows for the likelihood of contributions from other genetically related felsic and intermediate to more mafic rocks stored deeper in the crust. The deposit thus records an origin as a magmatic-hydrothermal system that was not affected by Nd and Pb remobilization processes, particularly if these processes also triggered mixing with externally sourced metal-bearing fluids. The Pea Ridge deposit was part of a single, widespread, homogeneous mixing system that produced a uniform isotopic composition, thus representing an excellent example of an igneous-dominated system that generated coeval magmatism and REE mineralization. Geochemical features suggest that components in the Pea Ridge deposit originated from sources in an orogenic margin. Basaltic magmatism produced by mantle decompression melting provided heat for extracting melts from the middle or lower crust. Continual addition of mafic magmas to the base of the subcontinental lithosphere, in a back-arc setting, remelted calc-alkaline rocks enriched in metals that were stored in the crust. The St. Francois Mountains terrane is adjacent to the regional T-DM line (defined at a value of 1.55 Ga) that separates similar to 1600 Ma basement to the west, from younger basements to the east. Data for Pea Ridge straddle the TDM values proposed for the line. The Sm-Nd isotope system has been closed since formation of the deposit and the original igneous signatures have not been affected by cycles of alteration or superimposed mineralizing events. No evidence exists for externally derived Nd or Sm. The source region for metals within the Pea Ridge deposit had a moderate compositional variation and the REE-rich breccias and mineralized rocks are generally isotopically homogeneous. The Pea Ridge deposit thus constitutes a distinctive isotopic target for use as a model in identifying other mineralized systems that may share the same metal source in the St. Francois Mountains terrane and elsewhere in the eastern Granite-Rhyolite province. C1 [Ayuso, Robert A.; Slack, John F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mail Stop 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Day, Warren C.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McCafferty, Anne E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 964, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Ayuso, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mail Stop 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM rayuso@usgs.gov NR 90 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 4 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1935 EP 1962 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500007 ER PT J AU Harlov, DE Meighan, CJ Kerr, ID Samson, IM AF Harlov, Daniel E. Meighan, Corey J. Kerr, Ian D. Samson, Iain M. TI Mineralogy, Chemistry, and Fluid-Aided Evolution of the Pea Ridge Fe Oxide-(Y plus REE) Deposit, Southeast Missouri, USA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; ELECTRON-MICROPROBE ANALYSIS; MAGNETITE-APATITE DEPOSITS; KIRUNA-TYPE; CENTRAL IRAN; IRON-ORES; (Y+REE)-PHOSPHATE MINERALS; EXPERIMENTAL CALIBRATION; REPLACEMENT REACTIONS; INDUCED NUCLEATION AB The Kiruna-type Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposit is hosted by a sequence of 1.47 Ga rhyolite tuffs of the St. Francois Mountains, southeast Missouri, USA. It consists of a series of altered zones composed mainly of amphibole, magnetite, hematite, and quartz, together with the presence of several rare earth element (Y + REE)-rich breccia pipes. In many cases, the fluorapatite within these zones is rich in inclusions of monazite, iron oxide, and quartz inclusions, plus minor xenotime. Monazite and minor xenotime are also found intergrown as inclusions in the fluorapatite, as well as in surrounding recrystallized magnetite and hematite in the magnetite ore. Monazite and xenotime typically occur as inclusions within both oxides. Monazite-(Ce) and xenotime( Y) are both relatively poor (<2 wt %) in ThO2 and UO2. No significant compositional differences exist in the (Y + REE) chemistry between monazite and xenotime inclusions in fluorapatite compared to grains intergrown with magnetite and hematite, suggesting that these two REE-rich minerals are cogenetic. Monazite-xenotime geothermometry and geochronology of monazite inclusions in fluorapatite provide evidence that formation/remobilization of the (Y + REE) phosphates took place at ca. 50 degrees to 400 degrees C, approximately 5 to 10 m.y. after emplacement of the main iron oxide-phosphate orebody. Evidence from field relationships and fluid inclusion chemistry, together with the massive recrystallization and remobilization of fluorapatite, monazite, xenotime, and iron oxides at Pea Ridge, suggest a subvolcanic origin coupled with a strong metasomatic reworking of the IOA deposit. C1 [Harlov, Daniel E.] Deutches GeoForschungsZentrum, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Harlov, Daniel E.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Geol, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Meighan, Corey J.] US Geol Survey, POB 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Kerr, Ian D.; Samson, Iain M.] Univ Windsor, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Kerr, Ian D.] Ontario Minist Environm & Climate Change, 733 Exeter Rd, London, ON N6E 1L3, Canada. RP Harlov, DE (reprint author), Deutches GeoForschungsZentrum, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.; Harlov, DE (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Geol, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. EM dharlov@gfz-potsdam.de FU NSERC FX Dieter Rhede is thanked for his extensive and knowledgeable help with the electron microprobe analyses of the samples at the GeoForschungsZentrum. NSERC is thanked for helping to fund this project. Cheryl Seeger is thanked for invaluable help in the field and discussions regarding Pea Ridge. Gary Davidson and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their initial review of the manuscript. John Slack and Louise Corriveau are thanked for their editorial work on the manuscript. The hard work of both the reviewers and the editors has gone a long way in helping to improve the original manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 98 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 3 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1963 EP 1984 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500008 ER PT J AU Hofstra, AH Meighan, CJ Song, XY Samson, I Marsh, EE Lowers, HA Emsbo, P Hunt, AG AF Hofstra, Albert H. Meighan, Corey J. Song, Xinyu Samson, Iain Marsh, Erin E. Lowers, Heather A. Emsbo, Poul Hunt, Andrew G. TI Mineral Thermometry and Fluid Inclusion Studies of the Pea Ridge Iron Oxide-Apatite-Rare Earth Element Deposit, Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, Southeast Missouri, USA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NOBLE-GAS ISOTOPE; VIBURNUM TREND; BONNETERRE DOLOMITE; MULTIPLE FLUIDS; NUMERICAL-MODEL; UNITED-STATES; ORE GENESIS; QUARTZ; ROCKS; LEAD AB Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies were conducted on variably altered and mineralized samples from the Mesoproterozoic Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite (IOA)-rare earth element (REE) deposit in order to constrain P-T conditions, fluid chemistry, and the source of salt and volatiles during early magnetite and later REE mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-cathodoluminescence and SEM-backscatter electron images show that quartz and rutile precipitated before, during, and after magnetite and REE mineral growth. Ti-in-quartz and Zr-in-rutile equilibration temperatures range from <= 350 degrees to 750 degrees C in the amphibole, magnetite, hematite, and silicified zones where T increased during magnetite and quartz growth and dropped precipitously after fracturing and brecciation. Late drusy quartz cements within a REE-rich breccia pipe record the lowest T (<= 315 degrees-400 degrees C). Liquid-, vapor-rich, and hypersaline (+/- hematite, calcite) fluid inclusions are common and liquid CO2 is present locally. Salinities define three populations: saline (10-27 wt % NaCl equiv), hypersaline (34-> 60 wt % NaCl equiv), and dilute (0-10 wt % NaCl equiv). The wide range of eutectic melting temperatures (-67 degrees to -19 degrees C) suggests that saline inclusions trapped variable proportions of a CaCl-MgCl-FeCl-bearing fluid end member and an NaCl-KCl fluid end member. Homogenization temperatures and pressures of these saline inclusions suggest they were trapped when fluids unmixed into brine and vapor at T < 350 degrees C, P < 15 MPa, and a depth of similar to 1.5 km. Hypersaline inclusions were trapped at low T and P (similar to 200 degrees C and similar to 1 MPa) along the V + L + H curve when the system vented to the paleosurface. Data for dilute inclusions in late drusy quartz from the REE-rich breccia pipe are indicative of a boiling epithermal environment. The Na/Cl, Na/K, and Cl/Br ratios of fluid inclusion extracts provide evidence for mixtures of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and evaporated seawater. Extracts from magnetite, hematite, and pyrite plot in the magmatic- hydrothermal field, indicating that Fe was derived from a magmatic source. Their enrichments in Mg and Ca are consistent with a mafic magmatic source. The positive correlation between Na/Mg and Na/Ca ratios may be due to halite saturation or albitization of igneous rocks. Extracts from barite in the REE-rich breccia pipes are enriched in Na and Br and plot near the seawater evaporation trend. He is highly enriched relative to Ne and Ar in fluid inclusion extracts, which precludes air as a source of He. Although the He is mostly of crustal origin, pyrite with a He-3/He-4 (R/R-A) of 0.1 contains up to 12% mantle He. Many extracts have low Ne-20/Ne-22 ratios due to nucleogenic production of Ne-22 in high F/O minerals such as fluorapatite or F biotite. The arrays of data for He-3/He-4 (R/R-A) and Ne-22/Ne-20 suggest that volatiles were derived from two sources, a moderate F mafic magma containing mantle He and a high F silicic magma with crustal He. Together with other evidence cited in this report, these data (1) support a magmatic hydrothermal origin for the Mesoproterozoic magnetite-apatite deposit with ore fluids derived from a concealed mafic to intermediate-composition intrusion, (2) suggest that the REE minerals in breccia pipes were either derived from apatite or precipitated in response to decompression and cooling during breccia pipe formation, (3) provide evidence for the influx of basinal brine, magmatic fluids from granitic intrusions, and meteoric water after breccia pipe formation, and (4) show that Pea Ridge was relatively unaffected by the late Paleozoic Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn system in overlying Cambrian sedimentary rocks. C1 [Hofstra, Albert H.; Meighan, Corey J.; Marsh, Erin E.; Lowers, Heather A.; Emsbo, Poul; Hunt, Andrew G.] US Geol Survey, POB 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Song, Xinyu; Samson, Iain] Univ Windsor, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Hofstra, AH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM ahofstra@usgs.gov FU P.M. Theodorakos (USGS) FX We thank our colleagues at the U.S. Geological Survey (J.F. Slack, A.E. McCafferty, W.C. Day, J.N. Aleinikoff, L.A. Neymark, C.A. Johnson, R.A. Ayuso, C.N. Mercer), Missouri Geological Survey (C.M. Seeger, M.A. Starkey), Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (D. Harlov), and Colorado School of Mines (M.W. Hitzman) for thought-provoking discussions. Doe Run Corporation provided access to drill core. This report would not have been possible without the analytical support provided by P.M. Theodorakos (USGS). M.R. Hudson (USGS) clarified paleomagnetic considerations. The manuscript benefited from reviews by D. A. Banks, an anonymous referee, and the guest editors. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 89 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 6 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 1985 EP 2016 PG 32 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500009 ER PT J AU Johnson, CA Day, WC Rye, RO AF Johnson, Craig A. Day, Warren C. Rye, Robert O. TI Oxygen, Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Carbon Isotopes in the Pea Ridge Magnetite-Apatite Deposit, Southeast Missouri, and Sulfur Isotope Comparisons to Other Iron Deposits in the Region SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ST-FRANCOIS MOUNTAINS; STABLE-ISOTOPE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; OLYMPIC DAM; SULFATE MINERALS; BASEMENT ROCKS; FRACTIONATION; OXIDE; WATER AB Oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and carbon isotopes have been analyzed in the Pea Ridge magnetite-apatite deposit, the largest historic producer among the known iron deposits in the southeast Missouri portion of the 1.5 to 1.3 Ga eastern granite-rhyolite province. The data were collected to investigate the sources of ore fluids, conditions of ore formation, and provenance of sulfur, and to improve the general understanding of the copper, gold, and rare earth element potential of iron deposits regionally. The delta O-18 values of Pea Ridge magnetite are 1.9 to 4.0%, consistent with a model in which some magnetite crystallized from a melt and other magnetite-perhaps the majority-precipitated from an aqueous fluid of magmatic origin. The delta O-18 values of quartz, apatite, actinolite, K-feldspar, sulfates, and calcite are significantly higher, enough so as to indicate growth or equilibration under cooler conditions than magnetite and/or in the presence of a fluid that was not entirely magmatic. A variety of observations, including stable isotope observations, implicate a second fluid that may ultimately have been meteoric in origin and may have been modified by isotopic exchange with rocks or by evaporation during storage in lakes. Sulfur isotope analyses of sulfides from Pea Ridge and seven other mineral deposits in the region reveal two distinct populations that average 3 and 13%. Two sulfur sources are implied. One was probably igneous melts or rocks belonging to the mafic-to intermediate-composition volcanic suite that is present at or near most of the iron deposits; the other was either melts or volcanic rocks that had degassed very extensively, or else volcanic lakes that had trapped rising magmatic gases. The higher delta S-34 values correspond to deposits or prospects where copper is noteworthy-the Central Dome portion of the Boss deposit, the Bourbon deposit, and the Vilander prospective area. The correspondence suggests that (1) sulfur either limited the deposition of copper or was cotransported with copper, and (2) sulfur isotope analysis may be useful in evaluating southeast Missouri iron deposits for copper and possibly for gold. C1 [Johnson, Craig A.; Rye, Robert O.] US Geol Survey, MS 963,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Day, Warren C.] US Geol Survey, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Johnson, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 963,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM cjohnso@usgs.gov FU Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey FX We are grateful to Cayce Gulbransen, Matt Emmons, and Bill Benzel for expert work in the laboratory, to Cheryl Seeger, Molly Starkey, and Patrick Scheel of the Missouri Geological Survey for assistance, to U.S. Geological Survey colleagues John Aleinikoff, Robert Ayuso, Poul Emsbo, Al Hofstra, Anne McCafferty, Corey Meighan, Celeste Mercer, and John Slack for discussions, and to John Nold of the University of Central Missouri for samples and discussions. Louise Corriveau, Geordie Mark, Bob Seal, John Slack, and Bruce Taylor provided thorough and helpful reviews. Funding was provided by the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 109 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 4 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 2017 EP 2032 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500010 ER PT J AU Childress, TM Simon, AC Day, WC Lundstrom, CC Bindeman, IN AF Childress, Tristan M. Simon, Adam C. Day, Warren C. Lundstrom, Craig C. Bindeman, Ilya N. TI Iron and Oxygen Isotope Signatures of the Pea Ridge and Pilot Knob Magnetite-Apatite Deposits, Southeast Missouri, USA SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ST-FRANCOIS MOUNTAINS; KIRUNA-TYPE; TERRANE; SOLUBILITY; SYSTEMS; ORIGIN; FRACTIONATION; 800-DEGREES-C; TEMPERATURES; EVOLUTION AB New O and Fe stable isotope ratios are reported for magnetite samples from high-grade massive magnetite of the Mesoproterozoic Pea Ridge and Pilot Knob magnetite-apatite ore deposits and these results are compared with data for other iron oxide-apatite deposits to shed light on the origin of the southeast Missouri deposits. The delta O-18 values of magnetite from Pea Ridge (n = 12) and Pilot Knob (n = 3) range from 1.0 to 7.0 and 3.3 to 6.7%, respectively. The delta Fe-56 values of magnetite from Pea Ridge (n = 10) and Pilot Knob (n = 6) are 0.03 to 0.35 and 0.06 to 0.27%, respectively. These delta O-18 and the delta Fe-56 values suggest that magnetite crystallized from a silicate melt (typical igneous delta Fe-56 ranges 0.06-0.49%) and grew in equilibrium with a magmatic-hydrothermal aqueous fluid. We propose that the delta O-18 and delta Fe-56 data for the Pea Ridge and Pilot Knob magnetite-apatite deposits are consistent with the flotation model recently proposed by Knipping et al. (2015a), which invokes flotation of a magmatic magnetite-fluid suspension and offers a plausible explanation for the igneous (i.e., up to similar to 15.9 wt % TiO2 in magnetite) and hydrothermal features of the deposits. C1 [Childress, Tristan M.; Simon, Adam C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 North Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Day, Warren C.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Lundstrom, Craig C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, 605 E Springfield Ave, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Bindeman, Ilya N.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, 1275 E 13th Ave, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Childress, TM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 North Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM tristanc@umich.edu FU Society of Economic Geologists Student Grant Program; University of Michigan Earth & Environmental Sciences Turner Student Research Fund; University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School; NSF EAR [1250239, 1264560] FX Childress acknowledges funding from the Society of Economic Geologists Student Grant Program, the University of Michigan Earth & Environmental Sciences Turner Student Research Fund, and the University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School. Simon acknowledges funding from NSF EAR grants 1250239 and 1264560. John Slack (U.S. Geological Survey) and John Nold (University of Central Missouri) are thanked for providing samples. Christine Wawryk, Aaron Pietruszka, an anonymous referee, and guest editors John Slack, Louise Corriveau, and Murray Hitzman are thanked for their reviews, which significantly improved the paper both scientifically and stylistically. NR 74 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 EI 1554-0774 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 111 IS 8 SI SI BP 2033 EP 2044 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EF3VH UT WOS:000390252500011 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Akre, E Meakem, V Eng, CY Tepley, AJ Bourg, NA McShea, W Davies, SJ Anderson-Teixeira, K AF Gonzalez-Akre, Erika Meakem, Victoria Eng, Cheng-Yin Tepley, Alan J. Bourg, Norman A. McShea, William Davies, Stuart J. Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina TI Patterns of tree mortality in a temperate deciduous forest derived from a large forest dynamics plot SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE annual mortality census; Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory; large forest dynamics plot; temperate broadleaf deciduous forest; tree mortality ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LONG-TERM; UNITED-STATES; TROPICAL FORESTS; GLOBAL CHANGE; GAP MODELS; DROUGHT; GROWTH; RATES; SIZE AB Tree mortality is one of the most influential drivers of forest dynamics, and characterizing patterns of tree mortality is critical to understanding forest dynamics and ecosystem function in the present era of global change. Here, we use a unique data set of mortality in a temperate deciduous forest to characterize rates and drivers of mortality. At the 25.6-ha Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory forest dynamics plot at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (Virginia, USA), we conducted two full tree censuses in 2008 and 2013 and then tracked mortality over the next 2 years (2014 and 2015). Overall, the mortality rate, m, of stems >= 10 cm diameter was 1.3-2.1%/yr. Biomass mortality, M, was 1.9-3.4 Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) at the stand level (0.6-1.1%/yr of biomass), less than biomass gains from growth and recruitment, resulting in net live biomass accumulation. Small stems died at the highest rate; however, contributions to M increased toward larger size classes. Most species had m <2%/yr and M < 0.25 Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) (<3%/yr of biomass), whereas two to four species had anomalously high mortality rates during each census period, accounting for 15-24% of m (n = 2, Cercis canadensis, Ulmus species) and 39-75% of M(n = 4 Quercus species). Stems that died, whether or not in association with mechanical damage, tended to grow more slowly in preceding years than surviving stems and, for certain shade-intolerant species, tended to be in neighborhoods with higher basal area. These findings show how relatively fine-scale mortality processes contribute to stand-level compositional change and carbon cycling. The mortality patterns reported here will provide a valuable basis for understanding future disturbance events within eastern deciduous forests and for comparing across forest types. C1 [Gonzalez-Akre, Erika; Meakem, Victoria; Eng, Cheng-Yin; Tepley, Alan J.; McShea, William; Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Bourg, Norman A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Eastern Branch, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Davies, Stuart J.; Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City 9100, Panama. [Davies, Stuart J.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Anderson-Teixeira, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.; Anderson-Teixeira, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City 9100, Panama. EM teixeirak@si.edu; teixeirak@si.edu OI Tepley, Alan/0000-0002-5701-9613 FU Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Tropics project; Mary Jean Hale Fund; Smithsonian Institution Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO); Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program in Science FX We thank Valentine Hermann, Maria Wang, Gabriela Reyes, Haley Overstreet, Maryam Sedaghatpour, and Romaric Moncrieffe for assisting with mortality censuses and Helene Muller-Landau for the use of her R scripts. Funds for the full tree censuses were provided by the Smithsonian Institution Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO). Annual mortality censuses and the analyses presented here were funded by a Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program in Science award to KAT. CYE received support from the Mary Jean Hale Fund. SJD received support from the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Tropics project. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 12 AR e01595 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1595 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF2EE UT WOS:000390136700012 ER PT J AU Pennings, SC Zengel, S Oehrig, J Alber, M Bishop, TD Deis, DR Devlin, D Hughes, AR Hutchens, JJ Kiehn, WM McFarlin, CR Montague, CL Powers, S Proffitt, CE Rutherford, N Stagg, CL Walters, K AF Pennings, Steven C. Zengel, Scott Oehrig, Jacob Alber, Merryl Bishop, T. Dale Deis, Donald R. Devlin, Donna Hughes, A. Randall Hutchens, John J., Jr. Kiehn, Whitney M. McFarlin, Caroline R. Montague, Clay L. Powers, Sean Proffitt, C. Edward Rutherford, Nicolle Stagg, Camille L. Walters, Keith TI Marine ecoregion and Deepwater Horizon oil spill affect recruitment and population structure of a salt marsh snail SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE biogeography; BP Deepwater Horizon; gastropod; Littoraria; marine invertebrate; oil spill; population structure; recruitment; salt marsh; Spartina ID GRASS SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; LITTORINA-IRRORATA; LITTORARIA-IRRORATA; ORGANIC-MATTER; IMPACTS; SETTLEMENT; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; FISH; DECOMPOSITION AB Marine species with planktonic larvae often have high spatial and temporal variation in recruitment that leads to subsequent variation in the ecology of benthic adults. Using a combination of published and unpublished data, we compared the population structure of the salt marsh snail, Littoraria irrorata, between the South Atlantic Bight and the Gulf Coast of the United States to infer geographic differences in recruitment and to test the hypothesis that the Deepwater Horizon oil spill led to widespread recruitment failure of L. irrorata in Louisiana in 2010. Size-frequency distributions in both ecoregions were bimodal, with troughs in the distributions consistent with a transition from sub-adults to adults at similar to 13 mm in shell length as reported in the literature; however, adult snails reached larger sizes in the Gulf Coast. The ratio of sub-adults to adults was 1.5-2 times greater in the South Atlantic Bight than the Gulf Coast, consistent with higher recruitment rates in the South Atlantic Bight. Higher recruitment rates in the South Atlantic Bight could contribute to higher snail densities and reduced adult growth in this region. The ratio of sub-adults to adults in Louisiana was lower in 2011 than in previous years, and began to recover in 2012-2014, consistent with widespread recruitment failure in 2010, when large expanses of spilled oil were present in coastal waters. Our results reveal an important difference in the ecology of a key salt marsh invertebrate between the two ecoregions, and also suggest that the Deepwater Horizon oil spill may have caused widespread recruitment failure in this species and perhaps others with similar planktonic larval stages. C1 [Pennings, Steven C.] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Zengel, Scott] RPI, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA. [Oehrig, Jacob] NewFields, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. [Alber, Merryl; McFarlin, Caroline R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bishop, T. Dale] No Bones Coastal Biol Consultants LLC, 1114 Hyatt Ave, Murrells Inlet, SC 29576 USA. [Deis, Donald R.] Atkins, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA. [Devlin, Donna; Proffitt, C. Edward] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol Sci, 5600 US 1 N, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Hughes, A. Randall] Northeastern Univ, Marine & Environm Sci, Nahant, MA 01908 USA. [Hutchens, John J., Jr.] Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, POB 261954, Conway, SC 29528 USA. [Kiehn, Whitney M.] Tampa Bay Water, Clearwater, FL 33761 USA. [Montague, Clay L.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Howard T Odum Ctr Wetlands, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Powers, Sean] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Rutherford, Nicolle] NOAA, Emergency Response Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Stagg, Camille L.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Walters, Keith] Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Marine Sci, POB 261954, Conway, SC 29528 USA. RP Pennings, SC (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM spennings@uh.edu OI Pennings, Steven/0000-0003-4757-7125 FU Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI); NSF [OCE99-82133, OCE06-20959, OCE12-37140]; EPA (STAR program) [R83221] FX This manuscript relies in part on data collected as part of investigations being conducted cooperatively among NOAA, other Federal and State natural resource agencies, and BP as part of the Deepwater Horizon NRDA. The opinions in the manuscript are those of the authors and not necessarily of all participants in the cooperative studies upon which the manuscript is based, but do represent the views of the U.S. Geological Survey. This research was made possible, in part, by grants from The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI), NSF (OCE99-82133, OCE06-20959, OCE12-37140), and EPA (STAR program #R83221). GoMRI data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org (doi: 10.7266/N7FF3Q9S). We are grateful to David Knorr for assistance with data analysis, and Charles H. Peterson for comments on a draft. This manuscript is a contribution of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER program, and contribution number 1056 of the University of Georgia Marine Institute. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 12 AR e01588 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1588 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF2EE UT WOS:000390136700018 ER PT J AU Robinson, KF Fuller, AK Hurst, JE Swift, BL Kirsch, A Farquhar, J Decker, DJ Siemer, WF AF Robinson, Kelly F. Fuller, Angela K. Hurst, Jeremy E. Swift, Bryan L. Kirsch, Arthur Farquhar, James Decker, Daniel J. Siemer, William F. TI Structured decision making as a framework for large-scale wildlife harvest management decisions SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE decision analysis; Odocoileus virginianus; population demographics; structured decision making; uncertainty; white-tailed deer ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; RISK-MANAGEMENT; ALTERNATIVES; WRECKFISH; DYNAMICS; SMARTER AB Fish and wildlife harvest management at large spatial scales often involves making complex decisions with multiple objectives and difficult tradeoffs, population demographics that vary spatially, competing stakeholder values, and uncertainties that might affect management decisions. Structured decision making (SDM) provides a formal decision analytic framework for evaluating difficult decisions by breaking decisions into component parts and separating the values of stakeholders from the scientific evaluation of management actions and uncertainty. The result is a rigorous, transparent, and values-driven process. This decision-aiding process provides the decision maker with a more complete understanding of the problem and the effects of potential management actions on stakeholder values, as well as how key uncertainties can affect the decision. We use a case study to illustrate how SDM can be used as a decision-aiding tool for management decision making at large scales. We evaluated alternative white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck-harvest regulations in New York designed to reduce harvest of yearling bucks, taking into consideration the values of the state wildlife agency responsible for managing deer, as well as deer hunters. We incorporated tradeoffs about social, ecological, and economic management concerns throughout the state. Based on the outcomes of predictive models, expert elicitation, and hunter surveys, the SDM process identified management alternatives that optimized competing objectives. The SDM process provided biologists and managers insight about aspects of the buck-harvest decision that helped them adopt a management strategy most compatible with diverse hunter values and management concerns. C1 [Robinson, Kelly F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Robinson, Kelly F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fuller, Angela K.] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hurst, Jeremy E.; Swift, Bryan L.; Farquhar, James] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Fish & Wildlife, Albany, NY 12233 USA. [Kirsch, Arthur] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Fish & Wildlife, Avon, NY 14414 USA. [Decker, Daniel J.; Siemer, William F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Robinson, KF (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.; Robinson, KF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kfrobins@msu.edu NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 12 AR e01613 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1613 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF2EE UT WOS:000390136700020 ER PT J AU Shanahan, E Irvine, KM Thoma, D Wilmoth, S Ray, A Legg, K Shovic, H AF Shanahan, Erin Irvine, Kathryn M. Thoma, David Wilmoth, Siri Ray, Andrew Legg, Kristin Shovic, Henry TI Whitebark pine mortality related to white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle outbreak, and water availability SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE blister rust; Cronartium ribicola; Dendroctonus ponderosae; generalized linear mixed models; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; mountain pine beetle; Pinus albicaulis; Special Feature: Science for Our National Parks' Second Century; vital signs monitoring; water balance; water deficit; whitebark pine ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; TREE MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE EXPANSION; PONDEROSA PINE; FOREST; COLEOPTERA; VEGETATION AB Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests in the western United States have been adversely affected by an exotic pathogen (Cronartium ribicola, causal agent of white pine blister rust), insect outbreaks (Dendroctonus ponderosae, mountain pine beetle), and drought. We monitored individual trees from 2004 to 2013 and characterized stand-level biophysical conditions through a mountain pine beetle epidemic in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Specifically, we investigated associations between tree-level variables (duration and location of white pine blister rust infection, presence of mountain pine beetle, tree size, and potential interactions) with observations of individual whitebark pine tree mortality. Climate summaries indicated that cumulative growing degree days in years 2006-2008 likely contributed to a regionwide outbreak of mountain pine beetle prior to the observed peak in whitebark mortality in 2009. We show that larger whitebark pine trees were preferentially attacked and killed by mountain pine beetle and resulted in a regionwide shift to smaller size class trees. In addition, we found evidence that smaller size class trees with white pine blister rust infection experienced higher mortality than larger trees. This latter finding suggests that in the coming decades white pine blister rust may become the most probable cause of whitebark pine mortality. Our findings offered no evidence of an interactive effect of mountain pine beetle and white pine blister rust infection on whitebark pine mortality in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Interestingly, the probability of mortality was lower for larger trees attacked by mountain pine beetle in stands with higher evapotranspiration. Because evapotranspiration varies with climate and topoedaphic conditions across the region, we discuss the potential to use this improved understanding of biophysical influences on mortality to identify microrefugia that might contribute to successful whitebark pine conservation efforts. Using tree-level observations, the National Park Service-led Greater Yellowstone Interagency Whitebark Pine Long-term Monitoring Program provided important ecological insight on the size-dependent effects of white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle, and water availability on whitebark pine mortality. This ongoing monitoring campaign will continue to offer observations that advance conservation in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. C1 [Shanahan, Erin; Thoma, David; Ray, Andrew; Legg, Kristin] Natl Pk Serv, Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Networ, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Irvine, Kathryn M.; Wilmoth, Siri] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Shovic, Henry] Shovic Associates, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Shanahan, E (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Networ, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM erin_shanahan@nps.gov FU USGS FX We would like to thank all of the field crew members who have worked on this monitoring effort over that past 12 years. We are especially grateful to Rob Daley for his expertise and assistance with data management, as well as graphical and GIS support. We would also like to thank the multiple collaborators who have helped to inform and sponsor this ongoing, long-term monitoring program including the National Park Service, US Forest Service, US Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management, Montana State University, and American Forests. Participation by Siri Wilmoth and Kathryn Irvine was made possible through IA P12PG70586 and in-kind USGS funding. We thank Cynthia Hollimon for her efforts analyzing earlier whitebark datasets and Dr. Steve Cherry for his statistical consultation during various aspects of the monitoring effort. And finally, thank you to Dr. Kenneth Raffa for sharing his expertise and knowledge on the generalities of mountain pine beetle and whitebark pine health. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 12 AR e01610 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1610/full PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF2EE UT WOS:000390136700024 ER PT J AU Hilling, CD Welsh, SA Smith, DM AF Hilling, Corbin D. Welsh, Stuart A. Smith, Dustin M. TI Age, Growth, and Fall Diet of Channel Catfish in Cheat Lake, West Virginia SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; growth; diet; West Virginia ID MODELING FISH GROWTH; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; SMALL IMPOUNDMENTS; WATER CHEMISTRY; YELLOW PERCH; RESOURCE USE; RIVER; SELECTION; BASS; SIZE AB Acidification has historically impaired Cheat Lake's fish community, but recent mitigation efforts within the Cheat River watershed have improved water quality and species richness. Presently, channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus are abundant and attain desirable sizes for anglers. We evaluated the age, growth, and fall diet of the population. We collected a sample of 155 channel catfish from Cheat Lake from 5 August to 4 December 2014, a subset of which we aged (n = 148) using lapillus otoliths. We fit four growth models (von Bertalanffy, logistic, Gompertz, and power) to length-at-age data and compared models using an information theoretic approach. We collected fall diets from 55 fish sampled from 13 October to 4 December 2014. Total lengths of individuals in the sample ranged from 154 to 721 mm and ages ranged from 2 to 19 y. We AIC(c)-selected the von Bertalanffy growth model as the best approximating model, and the power and Gompertz models also had considerable support. Diets were numerically dominated by Diptera larvae, specifically Chironomidae and Chaoboridae, while 39% of stomachs contained terrestrial food items. This study provides baseline data for management of Cheat Lake's channel catfish population. Further, this study fills a knowledge gap in the scientific literature on channel catfish, because few previously published studies have examined the population ecology of channel catfish in the Central Appalachian region. C1 [Hilling, Corbin D.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Hilling, Corbin D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Welsh, Stuart A.] West Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Smith, Dustin M.] West Virginia Div Nat Resources, Farmington, WV 26571 USA. RP Hilling, CD (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.; Hilling, CD (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM hillingc5@gmail.com FU Harbor Hydro Holdings, LLC.; West Virginia Division of Natural Resources; West Virginia University IACUC [11-0403] FX G. Merovich and D. Wellman provided constructive comments that improved previous versions of this manuscript. We thank E. Irwin and an anonymous reviewer for comments that further improved the manuscript. We also thank J. Aldinger, E. Miller, A. Rizzo, and P. Thompson for their assistance in collection and processing of samples. Funding for this project was provided by Harbor Hydro Holdings, LLC., and West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. This study was performed under the auspices of West Virginia University IACUC protocol 11-0403. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 304 EP 314 DI 10.3996/092015-JFWM-091 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700002 ER PT J AU Schultz, LD Mayfield, MP Whitlock, SL AF Schultz, Luke D. Mayfield, Mariah P. Whitlock, Steven L. TI Sample Sizes Needed to Describe Length-Frequency of Small-Bodied Fishes: An Example Using Larval Pacific Lamprey SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE sample size; resampling; Pacific Lamprey; monitoring ID GREAT-LAKES; STREAM; DISTRIBUTIONS; ABUNDANCE; PRECISION; CAPTURE; HABITAT; BASIN AB The ability to describe the length distribution of a fish population requires sampling an adequate number of individuals, but collecting more fish than needed is inefficient. While fisheries managers have assessed sample size requirements for many sport fishes, these requirements are not routinely described for small-bodied fishes (i.e., maximum length <= 200 mm), particularly larval lampreys. To improve the efficiency of data collection for these fishes, we used resampling analyses to asses sample size requirements for accurately describing length distributions of larval (freshwater-dwelling) Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus, an anadromous fish native to western North America (total length 60-156 mm). We found that the highest increases in accuracy occurred with sample sizes,50, and that we needed sample sizes of 40 to 130 to describe length frequency with 95% confidence, depending on length interval used for performing length-frequency analyses. From these results, we recommend collecting 100 individuals if using 5-mm length intervals to examine length frequency of larval lamprey. These findings can also be used to estimate the relative accuracy of sample sizes in existing assessments and develop and refine monitoring programs for larval lampreys and other small-bodied fishes. C1 [Schultz, Luke D.; Mayfield, Mariah P.; Whitlock, Steven L.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schultz, Luke D.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangelands Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 Southwest Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mayfield, Mariah P.] Okanogan Wenatchee Natl Forest, 24 West Chewuch Rd, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA. RP Schultz, LD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.; Schultz, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangelands Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 Southwest Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM lschultz@usgs.gov FU Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission through the Columbia Basin Fish Accords; Bonneville Power Administration [2008-524-00] FX Fieldwork assistance was generously provided by B. Clemens, J. Doyle, B. Gregoire, K. Kuhn, R. McCoun, B. McIlraith, G. Sheoships, and L. Wyss. We thank M. Colvin and J. Peterson for statistical discussions, and B. Morris for administrative support. Discussions and comments from C. Schreck, M. Heck, and L. Arnold greatly helped to develop and refine this paper, and a critical review by B. Compton and four anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Funding for this study was provided by the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission through the Columbia Basin Fish Accords partnership with the Bonneville Power Administration under project 2008-524-00, B. McIlraith, project manager. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 315 EP 322 DI 10.3996/112015-JFWM-112 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700003 ER PT J AU Felis, JJ Kissling, ML Kaler, RSA Kenney, LA Lawonn, MJ AF Felis, Jonathan J. Kissling, Michelle L. Kaler, Robb S. A. Kenney, Leah A. Lawonn, Matthew J. TI Identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet Nesting Habitat in North America at the Landscape Scale SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Alaska; eastern Russia; landscape-scale parameters; nesting habitat; seabird ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; BRACHYRAMPHUS-BREVIROSTRIS; MARBLED MURRELETS; ALEUTIAN ISLANDS; ALASKA; DISCOVERY; ABUNDANCE; ECOLOGY; TRENDS; KODIAK AB The Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is a small, noncolonial seabird endemic to marine waters of Alaska and eastern Russia that may have experienced significant population decline in recent decades, in part because of low reproductive success and terrestrial threats. Although recent studies have shed new light on Kittlitz's murrelet nesting habitat in a few discrete areas, the location and extent of suitable nesting habitat throughout most of its range remains unclear. Here, we have compiled all existing nest records and locations to identify landscape-scale parameters (distance to coast, elevation, slope, and land cover) that provide potential nesting habitat in four regions: northern Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Alaska Peninsula Mountains and Kodiak Island, and Pacific Coastal Mountains (including nearshore interior Canada). We produced a final map classifying 12% (70,411 km(2)) of the lands assessed as potential Kittlitz's murrelet nesting habitat, with dense but distinct patches in northern Alaska and a more uninterrupted, narrow band extending across the Pacific Coastal Mountains, Alaska Peninsula Mountains, and Aleutian Islands. The extent of habitat-capable parameter values varied regionally, indicating that the Kittlitz's murrelet may be able to use a variety of habitats for nesting, depending on availability. Future nesting habitat studies could employ spatially random sampling designs to allow for quantitatively robust modeling of nesting habitat and predictive extrapolation to areas where nests have not been located but likely exist. C1 [Felis, Jonathan J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Kissling, Michelle L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3000 Vintage Blvd Suite 201, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Kaler, Robb S. A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Kenney, Leah A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, 4700 BLM Rd, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA. [Lawonn, Matthew J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kodiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, 1390 Buskin River Rd, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. RP Felis, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM jfelis@usgs.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center FX We are grateful to Robert H. Day, Robin Corcoran, John Piatt, and Tom Van Pelt for providing feedback, data, and assistance updating obscure nest information from long ago. Martin Raphael provided initial insight into how best to proceed with these data. We thank Josh Adams for mentoring support and Ryan Carle for review of an earlier version of the manuscript. This project received funding support from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 323 EP 333 DI 10.3996/112015-JFWM-116 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700004 ER PT J AU Seamans, ME Braun, CE AF Seamans, Mark E. Braun, Clait E. TI Estimation of Band-Tailed Pigeon Band Recovery and Population Vital Rates in Colorado, 1969-1981 SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE abundance; band-tailed pigeon; fidelity; harvest; Patagioenas fasciata; survival ID MOURNING DOVE BANDS; REPORTING RATES; MARKED ANIMALS; SURVIVAL AB Data to inform population assessment of the Interior subspecies of band-tailed pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata fasciata (breeding range from Colorado and Utah south into Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico), have been lacking despite substantial past banding efforts. We used a data set of more than 26,000 bandings from Colorado, with 3,500 live recaptures and 780 recoveries from the harvest of banded individuals to estimate annual survival, fidelity, and harvest rates. Most birds were harvested in Colorado (62%) followed by Mexico (18%); New Mexico (16%); Arizona (3%); and 1% or less each in California, Washington, and Utah. On average, each year 15% (range 0-30%) of surviving band-tailed pigeons did not return to Colorado. From 1969 to 1981 mean annual survival was 0.633 (standard error [SE] = 0.031) for hatch-year and 0.719 (SE = 0.016) for after-hatch-year birds, with a mean annual recovery rate of 0.015 (SE = 0.002) for hatch-year and 0.011 (SE = 0.001) for after-hatch-year birds. From 1970 to 1974, mean annual abundance of band-tailed pigeons in Colorado on 1 September was 59,911-88,290. These data provide a baseline for additional data collection for band-tailed pigeons in the range of the Interior subspecies. C1 [Seamans, Mark E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 755 Parfet St,Suite 235, Lakewood, CO 80215 USA. [Braun, Clait E.] Grouse Inc, 5572 N Ventana Vista Rd, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA. RP Seamans, ME (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 755 Parfet St,Suite 235, Lakewood, CO 80215 USA. EM mark_seamans@fws.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Colorado Division of Wildlife through Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project [W-88-R] FX We thank all who reported locations of band-tailed pigeons in Colorado during 1969-1981, and especially private landowners for permission to access their lands for capture of band-tailed pigeons. Numerous field personnel of the Colorado Division of Wildlife facilitated the fieldwork. The banding efforts were aided by summer field assistants and multiple graduate students, including P.D. Curtis, J.E. Kautz, and J.A. White. The Accelerated Research Program for Migratory Webless Game Birds of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided the initial stimulus and financial support. We thank J.E. Kautz, R.E. Tomlinson, D.A. Haukos, M.L. Casazza, and B.A. Collier for reviewing earlier drafts of this manuscript. We thank K.H. Knudsen for help locating past reports. This study was supported throughout by the Colorado Division of Wildlife through Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project W-88-R. H.D. Funk provided administrative support throughout the period of study. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 369 EP 376 DI 10.3996/112015-JFWM-110 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700008 ER PT J AU Galbraith, HS Lellis, WA Cole, JC Blakeslee, CJ White, BS AF Galbraith, Heather S. Lellis, William A. Cole, Jeffrey C. Blakeslee, Carrie J. White, Barbara St. John TI Population Demographics for the Federally Endangered Dwarf Wedgemussel SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE freshwater mussel; Alasmidonta heterodon; Unionidae; population estimate; sex ratio; size structure ID ALASMIDONTA-HETERODON; COMPLANATA MOLLUSCA; UNIONIDAE; MUSSELS; BIVALVIA; RIVER; ELLIPTIO; HABITAT; STREAM AB The dwarf wedgemussel Alasmidonta heterodon is a federally endangered freshwater mussel species inhabiting several Atlantic Slope rivers. Studies on population demographics of this species are necessary for status assessment and directing recovery efforts. We conducted qualitative and quantitative surveys for dwarf wedgemussel in the mainstem Delaware River and in four of its tributaries (Big Flat Brook, Little Flat Brook, Neversink River, and Paulinskill River). We quantified population range, relative abundance, size, size structure, and sex ratio within each river. We estimated total dwarf wedgemussel population size for the surveyed rivers in the Delaware Basin to be 14,432 individuals (90% confidence limits, 7,961-26,161). Our results suggest that the historically robust Neversink River population has declined, but that this population persists and substantial populations remain in other tributaries. Sex ratios were generally female-biased, and small individuals (<10 mm) found in all rivers indicate recent recruitment. We most often found dwarf wedgemussel at the surface of the sediment (not buried below) in shallow quadrats (<2.00 m) comprised of small substrate (sand in tributaries; cobble in the mainstem) and minimal aquatic macrophytes. Long-term monitoring, continued surveys for new populations, and assessments of reproductive success are needed to further understand dwarf wedgemussel viability within the Delaware River basin. C1 [Galbraith, Heather S.; Cole, Jeffrey C.; Blakeslee, Carrie J.; White, Barbara St. John] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, 176 Straight Run Rd, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA. [Lellis, William A.] US Geol Survey, Ecosyst Mission Area, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS-300, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Galbraith, HS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, 176 Straight Run Rd, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA. EM hgalbraith@usgs.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Park Service FX Assistance in surveys and field data recording was provided by Susan Bolden, Travis Brandt, Ryan Brown, Cara Campbell, Casey Carleton, Andrew Cole, Sue Wolinsky Comlish, Angie Drummond, Heather Hammond, Kira Hawk, Vinca Krajewski, Kelly McDivitt, Jake Robinson, Renee Rogers, Cheryl Engelhardt Rossi, Kristine Shaw, Katie Staudenmeier, Shauna Stoll, Erika Tokarz, George Velez, Sebastian Velez, Nevin Welte, Sara Welte, and Nina White of USGS. Sofia Luckenbill assisted in data summarization and analysis. We thank Don Hamilton and other staff at the National Park Service for their support and assistance in the field and for comments provided on the manuscript; David Smith for assisting in survey design; David Strayer for confirming identification of voucher shells; and the anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor of the journal for their comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This work was conducted under the following permits: New York Scientific Collection/Possession License No. LCP02-138, New York Endangered/Threatened Species License No. ESP02-0074; Pennsylvania Type II Permit No. 037; New Jersey Scientific Collecting Permit Nos. SC29027, SC28034, SC27017, SC26109, SC21055, SC22056; and National Park Service Scientific Research and Collecting Permit Nos. DEWA-00-35, DEWA-2001-SCI-003, DEWA-2002-SCI-0026, DEWA-2004-SCI-0017, DEWA-2006-SCI0013, DEWA-2008-SCI-0015, UPDE-00-01, UPDE-2001-SCI-0004, UPDE-2002-SCI-0003. This study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Park Service. The USGS Fisheries Program also contributed to this work. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 377 EP 387 DI 10.3996/112014-JFWM-084 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700009 ER PT J AU Meyer, HA Chipps, SR Graeb, BDS Klumb, RA AF Meyer, Hilary A. Chipps, Steven R. Graeb, Brian D. S. Klumb, Robert A. TI Growth, Food Consumption, and Energy Status of Juvenile Pallid Sturgeon Fed Natural or Artificial Diets SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE endangered species; growth; diet; pallid sturgeon ID BELUGA HUSO-HUSO; DIGESTIVE ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS L; MISSOURI RIVER; ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; FORMULATED DIETS; LIPID DEPOSITION; FEEDING TRIALS; SOUTH-DAKOTA; PERFORMANCE AB Stocking of hatchery-raised fish is an important part of the pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus recovery program. In the wild, juvenile pallid sturgeon consume primarily aquatic insects, although little is known about specific dietary needs. In hatchery settings, pallid sturgeon are fed commercial diets that are formulated for salmonids. To compare food consumption, growth, and energy status of pallid sturgeon fed artificial or natural diets, we conducted a laboratory study using 24 juvenile pallid sturgeon (initial fork length 153-236 mm). Pallid sturgeon were fed a daily ration of either commercial pellets (1 mm, slow sinking; 45% protein, 19% fat) or chironomid larvae for 5 wk. Natural-fed pallid sturgeon exhibited a greater specific growth rate (2.12% d(-1)) than pellet-fed fish (0.06% d(-1)). Similarly, relative condition was greater for natural-fed sturgeon (K-n = 1.11) than that observed for pellet-fed fish (K-n = 0.87). In contrast, the hepatosomatic index was significantly higher in pellet-fed fish (2.5%), indicating a high lipid diet compared with natural-fed sturgeon (1.4%). Given the importance of natural diets to fish digestion and growth, it is suggested that a more holistic approach be applied in the development of a practical diet for pallid sturgeon that incorporates attributes of natural prey. C1 [Meyer, Hilary A.; Graeb, Brian D. S.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Meyer, Hilary A.] South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, 20641 SD Highway 1806, Ft Pierre, SD 57532 USA. [Chipps, Steven R.] South Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Klumb, Robert A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Great Plains Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pierre, SD 57501 USA. RP Meyer, HA (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.; Meyer, HA (reprint author), South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, 20641 SD Highway 1806, Ft Pierre, SD 57532 USA. EM Hilary.Meyer@state.sd.us FU U.S. Geological Survey; South Dakota State University; South Dakota Department of Game, Fish Parks; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [RFP W9128F-09-R-0030] FX This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of our friend and coauthor, Dr. Robert Klumb. We thank R. Holm at Garrison Dam National Fish Hatchery (Riverdale, North Dakota) for providing pallid sturgeon for this study. We also thank M. Semrow and B. VanDeHey for assistance with data collection, D. James, M. Fincel, M. Greiner, M. Thul, and H. Calkins and three anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on a previous version of this manuscript, and South Dakota State University staff for laboratory support. All animals used in this study were reared according to animal use and care guidelines established by South Dakota State University (Animal Welfare Assurance no. A3958-01). The South Dakota Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, South Dakota State University, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish & Parks, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (RFP W9128F-09-R-0030). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 388 EP 396 DI 10.3996/082015-JFWM-076 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700010 ER PT J AU Halstead, BJ Valcarcel, P Wylie, GD Coates, PS Casazza, ML Rosenberg, DK AF Halstead, Brian J. Valcarcel, Patricia Wylie, Glenn D. Coates, Peter S. Casazza, Michael L. Rosenberg, Daniel K. TI Active Season Microhabitat and Vegetation Selection by Giant Gartersnakes Associated with a Restored Marsh in California SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical model; case-control design; garter snake; resource selection; Thamnophis gigas; wetland ID RESOURCE SELECTION; HABITAT SELECTION; THAMNOPHIS-GIGAS; SNAKES; OBSOLETA; ECOLOGY; MODELS AB Studies of habitat selection can reveal important patterns to guide habitat restoration and management for species of conservation concern. Giant gartersnakes Thamnophis gigas are endemic to the Central Valley of California, where.90% of their historical wetland habitat has been converted to agricultural and other uses. Information about the selection of habitats by individual giant gartersnakes would guide habitat restoration by indicating which habitat features and vegetation types are likely to be selected by these rare snakes. We examined activity patterns and selection of microhabitats and vegetation types by adult female giant gartersnakes with radiotelemetry at a site composed of rice agriculture and restored wetlands using a paired case-control study design. Adult female giant gartersnakes were 14.7 (95% credible interval [CRI] = 9.4-23.7) times more likely to be active (foraging, mating, or moving) when located in aquatic habitats than when located in terrestrial habitats. Microhabitats associated with cover-particularly emergent vegetation, terrestrial vegetation, and litter-were positively selected by giant gartersnakes. Individual giant gartersnakes varied greatly in their selection of rice and rock habitats, but varied little in their selection of open water. Tules Schoenoplectus acutus were the most strongly selected vegetation type, and duckweed Lemna spp., water-primrose Ludwigia spp., forbs, and grasses also were positively selected at the levels of availability observed at our study site. Management practices that promote the interface of water with emergent aquatic and herbaceous terrestrial vegetation will likely benefit giant gartersnakes. Given their strong selection of tules, restoration of native tule marshes will likely provide the greatest benefit to these threatened aquatic snakes. C1 [Halstead, Brian J.; Valcarcel, Patricia; Wylie, Glenn D.; Coates, Peter S.; Casazza, Michael L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Valcarcel, Patricia] WRA Environm Consultants, 2169 GE Francisco Blvd, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA. [Rosenberg, Daniel K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Halstead, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. EM bhalstead@usgs.gov FU CALFED; California Department of Water Resources; California Waterfowl Association; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX Funding for this study was provided by CALFED, the California Department of Water Resources, the California Waterfowl Association, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank Wildlands, Inc. for access to the study site. J. Yee and T. Chambert provided statistical guidance; and we thank C. Overton, D. Olson, J. Rose, an anonymous reviewer, and the Associate Editor for reviews that greatly improved the manuscript. L. Achter, G. Dancourt, L. Heiker, V. Johnson, S. Marczak, C. Massing, L. McCardle, M. Meshriy, W. Meno, and J. Sweeney collected data for this project. Dr. R. Wack of the Sacramento Zoo and University of California - Davis Wildlife Health Center skillfully performed all transmitter implantation and removal surgeries. Snakes were handled in accordance with the University of California, Davis, Animal Care and Use Protocol 9699 and as stipulated in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Recovery Permit TE-020548-5. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 397 EP 407 DI 10.3996/042016-JFWM-029 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700011 ER PT J AU Petrie, MJ Fleskes, JP Wolder, MA Isola, CR Yarris, GS Skalos, DA AF Petrie, Mark J. Fleskes, Joseph P. Wolder, Mike A. Isola, Craig R. Yarris, Gregory S. Skalos, Daniel A. TI Potential Effects of Drought on Carrying Capacity for Wintering Waterfowl in the Central Valley of California SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Central Valley; drought; waterfowl ID SACRAMENTO VALLEY; NORTHERN PINTAILS; RICE FIELDS; BODY-MASS; WATERBIRDS; HABITAT; AREA AB We used the bioenergetics model TRUEMET to evaluate potential effects of California's recent drought on food supplies for waterfowl wintering in the Central Valley under a range of habitat and waterfowl population scenarios. In nondrought years in the current Central Valley landscape, food supplies are projected to be adequate for waterfowl from fall through early spring (except late March) even if waterfowl populations reach North American Waterfowl Management Plan goals. However, in all drought scenarios that we evaluated, food supplies were projected to be exhausted for ducks by mid-to late winter and by late winter or early spring for geese. For ducks, these results were strongly related to projected declines in winter-flooded rice fields that provide 45% of all the food energy available to ducks in the Central Valley in nondrought water years. Delayed flooding of some managed wetlands may help alleviate food shortages by providing wetland food resources better timed with waterfowl migration and abundance patterns in the Central Valley, as well as reducing the amount of water needed tomanage these habitats. However, future research is needed to evaluate the impacts of delayed flooding on waterfowl hunting, and whether California's existing water delivery system would make delayed flooding feasible. Securing adequate water supplies for waterfowl and other wetland-dependent birds is among the greatest challenges facing resource managers in coming years, especially in the increasingly arid western United States. C1 [Petrie, Mark J.] Ducks Unltd Inc, Western Reg Off, 2074 Gold Canal Dr, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA. [Fleskes, Joseph P.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Wolder, Mike A.; Isola, Craig R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento Natl Wildlife Refuge Complex, 752 Cty Rd 99W, Sacramento, CA 95988 USA. [Yarris, Gregory S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cent Valley Joint Venture, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA. [Skalos, Daniel A.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Waterfowl Program, 1812 9th St, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. RP Petrie, MJ (reprint author), Ducks Unltd Inc, Western Reg Off, 2074 Gold Canal Dr, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA. EM mpetrie@ducks.org FU U.S. Geological Survey FX We dedicate this paper to our friend, colleague, and coauthor Mike Wolder, who passed away unexpectedly in December 2015. Mike's practical knowledge of the issues facing waterfowl and wetland managers in the Central Valley was fundamentally important in the development of this study. Mike's passion for and dedication to the natural resources of the Pacific Flyway were extraordinary, and he is sorely missed by those who were fortunate to know or work with him. We also thank the numerous public and private wetland managers, water district managers, Resource Conservation District personnel, nongovernmental organizations, and local landowners throughout the Central Valley who provided information that helped in the development of these scenarios. Julie Yee, Michael Brasher, and John Coluccy provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript, whereas Elliott Matchett and Samantha Yeo prepared the figures. We also thank D. Haukos and two anonymous reviewers for significantly improving the manuscript. Funding for this analysis and summary was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 408 EP 422 DI 10.3996/082015-JFWM-082 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700012 ER PT J AU Wood, PB Frantz, MW Becker, DA AF Wood, Petra B. Frantz, Mack W. Becker, Douglas A. TI Louisiana Waterthrush and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Response to Shale Gas Development SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE headwater streams; Marcellus shale; stream quality; waterthrush demography; West Virginia ID LENGTH-MASS RELATIONSHIPS; NATURAL-GAS; NEST SURVIVAL; SEIURUS-MOTACILLA; MARCELLUS; ECOSYSTEMS; SONGBIRD; SUCCESS; FOREST; RISKS AB Because shale gas development is occurring over large landscapes and consequently is affecting many headwater streams, an understanding of its effects on headwater-stream faunal communities is needed. We examined effects of shale gas development (well pads and associated infrastructure) on Louisiana waterthrush Parkesia motacilla and benthic macroinvertebrate communities in 12 West Virginia headwater streams in 2011. Streams were classed as impacted (n = 6) or unimpacted (n = 6) by shale gas development. We quantified waterthrush demography (nest success, clutch size, number of fledglings, territory density), a waterthrush Habitat Suitability Index, a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol habitat index, and benthic macroinvertebrate metrics including a genus-level stream-quality index for each stream. We compared each benthic metric between impacted and unimpacted streams with a Student's t-test that incorporated adjustments for normalizing data. Impacted streams had lower genus-level stream-quality index scores; lower overall and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera richness; fewer intolerant taxa, more tolerant taxa, and greater density of 0-3-mm individuals (P <= 0.10). We then used Pearson correlation to relate waterthrush metrics to benthic metrics across the 12 streams. Territory density (no. of territories/km of stream) was greater on streams with higher genus-level stream-quality index scores; greater density of all taxa and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa; and greater biomass. Clutch size was greater on streams with higher genus-level stream-quality index scores. Nest survival analyses (n = 43 nests) completed with Program MARK suggested minimal influence of benthic metrics compared with nest stage and Habitat Suitability Index score. Although our study spanned only one season, our results suggest that shale gas development affected waterthrush and benthic communities in the headwater streams we studied. Thus, these ecological effects of shale gas development warrant closer examination. C1 [Wood, Petra B.] West Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Frantz, Mack W.; Becker, Douglas A.] West Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Becker, Douglas A.] Kutztown State Univ, Dept Biol, 245 Boehm Hall, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Wood, PB (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM pbwood@wvu.edu FU West Virginia University IACUC protocol [04-0302, 07-0303] FX West Virginia Division of Natural Resources provided access to the study area and Wheeling Jesuit University provided access to field housing. We thank Debbie Archer, Darin Blood, and Jim Sheehan for field assistance. Kyle Aldinger, Jeremy Mizel, and Jim Sheehan assisted with data summaries and analyses. We thank Greg Pond and Kelly Krock (USEPA, Region III) for processing and identifying benthic macroinvertebrates and Greg Pond for summaries and assistance with analyses of the benthic data. Kyle Aldinger, Greg Pond, Jim Sheehan, Brian Trevelline, the Associate Editor, and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on this manuscript. Banding was conducted under U.S. Geological Survey banding permit no. 23412. This study was completed under the auspices of West Virginia University IACUC protocol 04-0302, 07-0303. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 423 EP 433 DI 10.3996/092015-JFWM-084 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700013 ER PT J AU Pias, KE Fletcher, RJ Kitchens, WM AF Pias, Kyle E. Fletcher, Robert J., Jr. Kitchens, Wiley M. TI Assessing the Value of Novel Habitats to Snail Kites through Foraging Behavior and Nest Survival SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Florida; foraging habitat; invasive species; Lake Tohopekaliga; nest survival; novel ecosystem; snail kite ID POMACEA-PALUDOSA; UNITED-STATES; APPLE SNAILS; FLORIDA; ECOSYSTEMS; IMPACTS; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH; AMPULLARIIDAE AB Novel ecosystems arise for a variety of reasons, most notably from the introduction of nonnative species. Understanding the interactions between traditional habitats, novel habitats, and species of conservation interest is important when planning successful conservation strategies. In the United States, the snail kite Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus is a federally endangered species whose population in Florida has undergone declines within the past decade. While studying the foraging behavior of breeding snail kites on Lake Tohopekaliga (Lake Toho), we discovered the unexpected use of disturbed ephemeral wetlands adjacent to the lake. These wetlands represent a novel habitat for snail kites; they would not have been viable foraging areas prior to the introduction of the exotic island apple snail Pomacea maculata. By examining the differences between snail kite behavior in traditional and novel habitats, we were able to identify some characteristics of novel habitats that may be important in determining their value to snail kites. The novel wetland areas were highly attractive to snail kites, likely because of the high snail capture rates. The survival of snail kite nests occurring within the novel areas appeared to be similar to that of nests occurring in more traditional, nearby areas on Lake Toho. However, whether or not snail kites used novel habitats as nesting areas appeared to be dependent upon water depth and availability of nesting substrate within these areas. The snail kites' dynamic use of the novel habitat demonstrates both the value of a novel ecosystem and the importance of traditional habitats to a species of conservation concern. C1 [Pias, Kyle E.] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 1100485,Bldg 810, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pias, Kyle E.] 1544 Haleukana St,Bay 2, Lihue, HI 96766 USA. [Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 110 Newins Ziegler Hall,POB 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kitchens, Wiley M.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 1100485,Bldg 810, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pias, KE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 1100485,Bldg 810, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Pias, KE (reprint author), 1544 Haleukana St,Bay 2, Lihue, HI 96766 USA. EM kpias@hawaii.edu FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [FWC10054]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [401819G578]; U.S. Army Corp of Engineers [W912HZ-10-2-0028] FX Thank you to C. Sebright, S. Behmke, M. Ford, N. Belfry, C. Jennings, J. Wood, and E. Butler for the hard field work they put toward this project. Thank you to J. Olbert for coordination and cooperation with her study of snail kite nesting on Lake Toho. Thank you to Dr J. Morrison for her continued support and assistance. Special thanks to Dr L. Crampton for presubmission manuscript review. Thank you to the Associate Editor of the Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management and the reviewers of this manuscript for their insightful comments and critiques. Work for this study was supported by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission under Grant Number FWC10054, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under Agreement Number 401819G578, and the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers under Contract Number W912HZ-10-2-0028. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.3996/022016-JFWM-008 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700016 ER PT J AU Murphy, RK Dwyer, JF Mojica, EK McPherron, MM Harness, RE AF Murphy, Robert K. Dwyer, James F. Mojica, Elizabeth K. McPherron, Michelle M. Harness, Richard E. TI Reactions of Sandhill Cranes Approaching a Marked Transmission Power Line SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Antigone canadensis; collision; Lillian Rowe Sanctuary; mortality; Platte River ID GRUS-CANADENSIS; COLLISION MORTALITY; AVIAN COLLISIONS; NEBRASKA; BEHAVIOR; LIGHT AB Sandhill cranes Antigone canadensis, formerly Grus canadensis, are of widespread management focus, particularly where collisions with power lines are an important cause of mortality. Collision mitigation focuses on marking power lines to increase visibility, but collisions persist, perhaps because power line markers are not sufficiently visible in all conditions. Our objective was to compare reaction distances and reaction behaviors during daylight when power lines are presumably more visible, and during darkness when power lines are less visible. The power line we studied was fitted with glow-in-the-dark power line markers intended to increase nocturnal visibility. We found that during daylight, flocks generally avoided the power line by climbing gradually and passed above without making sudden evasive maneuvers. During darkness, flocks, particularly small flocks, were almost equally likely to make sudden evasive maneuvers as to climb gradually. Collision monitoring on the power line we studied conducted concurrent to our study indicated that 94% of collisions occurred during darkness, linking the behaviors we observed to actual mortality. Sandhill cranes also reacted at greater distances and with fewer sudden evasive maneuvers to the glow-in-the-darkmarked power line we studied than to nearby power lines without glowing markers evaluated in a prior study, suggesting that either glowing markers, smaller gaps between markers, or both, improved sandhill cranes' ability to perceive and react to the power line we studied. By correlating behavioral observations with mortality, our study indicates that proactive low-intensity behavioral observations might be useful surrogates to reactive high-intensity carcass searches in identifying high-risk spans. This approach may also be effective for other species. C1 [Murphy, Robert K.; McPherron, Michelle M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. [Murphy, Robert K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. [McPherron, Michelle M.] US Army Corps Engineers, 1616 Capitol Ave, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. [Dwyer, James F.; Mojica, Elizabeth K.; Harness, Richard E.] EDM Int Inc, 4001 Automat Way, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. RP Dwyer, JF (reprint author), EDM Int Inc, 4001 Automat Way, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM jdwyer@edmlink.com FU Nebraska Game and Parks Commission through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX We thank C. Kemper, W. Brown, and two anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved this writing. Funding from the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Section 6 program supported our fieldwork. Dawson Public Power District installed spiral vibration dampers and FireFlys. We thank Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Nebraska Rural Electric Association, National Audubon Society's Lillian Rowe Sanctuary, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for additional support. We are grateful to University of Nebraska-Kearney students C. Fickel, M. Morten, and K. Serbousek for field assistance and to G. Wright for laying much of the groundwork for this study. M. Fritz, B. Taddicken, R. Harms, and J. Runge facilitated study implementation. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 BP 480 EP 489 DI 10.3996/052016-JFWM-037 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EF4SG UT WOS:000390321700019 ER PT J AU Inselman, WM Datta, S Jenks, JA Klaver, RW Grovenburg, TW AF Inselman, Will M. Datta, Shubham Jenks, Jonathan A. Klaver, Robert W. Grovenburg, Troy W. TI SPATIAL ECOLOGY AND SURVIVAL OF SWAINSON'S HAWKS (BUTEO SWAINSONI) IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Swainson's Hawk; Buteo swainsoni; breeding; habitat selection; home range; site fidelity ID HOME-RANGE; NESTING ECOLOGY; HABITAT USE; PRODUCTIVITY; SELECTION; DAKOTA; POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; BEHAVIOR; MONTANA AB In recent years, anthropogenic conversion of grassland habitat has raised concerns about the status of breeding Swainson's Hawks (Buteo swainsoni) in the northern Great Plains region of North America. During 2013-2014, we captured breeding Swainson's Hawks in north-central South Dakota and south-central North Dakota to estimate home-range size, determine adult survival rates during the breeding season, and evaluate habitat selection. We captured, radio-tagged, and monitored 13 Swainson's Hawks in 2013, and captured two additional Swainson's Hawks in 2014. In 2014, seven of 13 individuals initially captured in 2013 returned to the same breeding territory for the 2014 breeding season. Average 95% MCP home-range size in 2013 was 205.4 ha (SD = 135.3 ha, n = 10) and 211.1 ha (SD = 208.8 ha, n = 9) in 2014, and size did not differ between years (t(13) = 0.07, P = 0.95), averaging 208.3 ha (SD = 244.9 ha, n = 19 home ranges measured for 12 birds) for the 2 yr of the study. Mean core home-range size (50% MCP) was 78.2 ha (SD = 105.9 ha, n = 10) in 2013 and 59.7 ha (SD = 80.7 ha, n = 9) in 2014; core home-range areas also did not differ between years (t(17) = -0.46, P = 0.65). Swainson's Hawks did not select habitats in proportion to their availability in 2013 (chi(2)(42) = 781.99, P < 0.001) and 2014 (chi(2)(40) > 999.99, P < 0.001). In 2013, breeding Swainson's Hawks selected against wetland and grassland habitats and selected for trees as foraging habitats. Similarly, Swainson's Hawks selected against grassland habitats for foraging in 2014. We used known-fate analysis in Program MARK to estimate adult survival during the breeding season. The top-ranked model indicated survival was constant at 0.94 (95% CI = 0.68-0.99) during the breeding season and did not differ between years. Our results suggest that Swainson's Hawks maintain a moderately high degree of breeding-site fidelity and have home ranges smaller than those documented elsewhere, and that their home-range size is influenced positively by the presence of grasslands and negatively by development. C1 [Inselman, Will M.; Datta, Shubham; Jenks, Jonathan A.; Grovenburg, Troy W.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Inselman, WM (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM will.inselman@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; State Wildlife Grant [T-36-R]; Nature Conservancy FX Our study was funded through the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and through a State Wildlife Grant (T-36-R) administered through the North Dakota Game and Fish Department. The Nature Conservancy provided funding support for this work through the Nebraska Chapter's J.E. Weaver Competitive Grants Program. The U.S. Geological Survey provided analytical and technical support. We thank R. Johnson, E. Morata, T. Michels, S. Nevison, A. Kunkel, B. Schmoke, and E. Hoskins for their field assistance. We also thank all of the landowners in McPherson County, South Dakota, and Logan, McIntosh, and Dickey counties, North Dakota, who granted us access to their land. We thank M. Collopy for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this report. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 EI 2162-4569 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 IS 4 BP 338 EP 350 PG 13 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EF5LH UT WOS:000390371200002 ER PT J AU Bulut, Z Bragin, EA DeWoody, JA Braham, MA Katzner, TE Doyle, JM AF Bulut, Zafer Bragin, Evgeny A. DeWoody, J. Andrew Braham, Melissa A. Katzner, Todd E. Doyle, Jacqueline M. TI USE OF NONINVASIVE GENETICS TO ASSESS NEST AND SPACE USE BY WHITE-TAILED EAGLES SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE White-tailed Eagle; Haliaeetus albicilla; DNA fingerprint; microsatellite; movement; noninvasive mark-recapture; space use ID SEMI-COLONIAL PASSERINE; NATURALLY SHED FEATHERS; HOME-RANGE; PREY ABUNDANCE; AQUILA-HELIACA; GOLDEN EAGLES; POPULATION; MOVEMENT; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT AB Movement and space use are important components of animal interactions with the environment. However, for hard-to-monitor raptor species, there are substantial gaps in our understanding of these key determinants. We used noninvasive genetic tools to evaluate the details of space use over a 3-yr period by White-tailed Eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) at the Naurzum Zapovednik in northern Kazakhstan. We genotyped, at 10 microsatellite markers and one mitochondrial marker, 859 eagle feathers and assigned naturally shed feathers to individuals. We identified 124 White-tailed Eagles, including both members of 510 pairs per year, and were able to monitor birds across years. Distances between eagle nests and hunting perches were always greater than nearest neighbor distances, eagles never used the closest available hunting perch, and hunting perches were always shared with other eagles. When eagles switched nests between years, the nests they chose were almost always well outside the space that theory predicted they defended the prior year. Our data are inconsistent with classical territorial and colonial models of resource use; they more closely resemble semi-colonial behavior. It is unlikely that standard methods of animal tracking (e.g., marking and telemetry), would have provided a similarly cost-effective mechanism to gain these insights into spatial and temporal aspects of eagle behavior. When combined with existing information on space use of other local species, these data suggest that partitioning of spatial resources among White-tailed Eagles and other eagles at the Zapovednik may be facilitated by the alternative strategies of space use they employ. C1 [Bulut, Zafer] Selcuk Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Vet Med, TR-42031 Konya, Turkey. [Bragin, Evgeny A.] Naurzum Natl Nat Reserve, Dept Sci, Naurzumski Raijon, Karamendy, Kazakhstan. [DeWoody, J. Andrew; Doyle, Jacqueline M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [DeWoody, J. Andrew] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Braham, Melissa A.] West Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Doyle, Jacqueline M.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. RP Doyle, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Doyle, JM (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM jdoyle@towson.edu FU National Geographic Society; National Birds of Prey Trust; U.S. National Science Foundation [INT-0301905]; Purdue University Faculty Scholar Program FX We thank M. Kochert, members of the DeWoody and Katzner lab groups, multiple anonymous reviewers, and I. Warkentin for their constructive criticisms on early versions of this manuscript. This research was funded in part by the National Geographic Society, the National Birds of Prey Trust, the U.S. National Science Foundation (INT-0301905), and the Purdue University Faculty Scholar Program. We acknowledge assistance of the Naurzum Zapovednik and the government of Kazakhstan. Feathers were gathered and imported under the appropriate Russian, United States, and Kazakhstan CITES (2005: 05US103491/9, 00KZ000631; 2006: 06US103491/9, 00KZ000719; 2007: 07US103491/9, 00KZ000780) and MBTA (MB103684-0) permits; details of these permits are available upon request. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Statement of author contributions: EAB, JAD, and TEK designed the study, EAB and TEK collected samples in the field, ZB, JMD, and JAD designed and performed the laboratory and genetic analyses, MB and TEK performed the spatial and statistical analyses, and all authors contributed to writing the manuscript. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 EI 2162-4569 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 IS 4 BP 351 EP 362 PG 12 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EF5LH UT WOS:000390371200003 ER PT J AU Foley, J Serieys, LEK Stephenson, N Riley, S Foley, C Jennings, M Wengert, G Vickers, W Boydston, E Lyren, L Moriarty, J Clifford, DL AF Foley, J. Serieys, L. E. K. Stephenson, N. Riley, S. Foley, C. Jennings, M. Wengert, G. Vickers, W. Boydston, E. Lyren, L. Moriarty, J. Clifford, D. L. TI A synthetic review of notoedres species mites and mange SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE bobcat; Lynx rufus; mange; Notoedres cati; Notoedres centrifera; squirrel; Sciurus griseus; urbanization ID WESTERN GRAY SQUIRRELS; BOBCATS LYNX-RUFUS; 2 FOX SQUIRRELS; SARCOPTIC MANGE; PAGUMA-LARVATA; CATS; INFESTATION; POPULATION; CALIFORNIA; IVERMECTIN AB Notoedric mange, caused by obligately parasitic sarcoptiform Notoedres mites, is associated with potentially fatal dermatitis with secondary systemic disease in small mammals, felids and procyonids among others, as well as an occasional zoonosis. We describe clinical spectra in non-chiropteran hosts, review risk factors and summarize ecological and epidemiological studies. The genus is disproportionately represented on rodents. Disease in felids and procyonids ranges from very mild to death. Knowledge of the geographical distribution of the mites is highly inadequate, with focal hot spots known for Notoedres cati in domestic cats and bobcats. Predisposing genetic and immunological factors are not known, except that co-infection with other parasites and anticoagulant rodenticide toxicoses may contribute to severe disease. Treatment of individual animals is typically successful with macrocytic lactones such as selamectin, but herd or wildlife population treatment has not been undertaken. Transmission requires close contact and typically is within a host species. Notoedric mange can kill half all individuals in a population and regulate host population below non-diseased density for decades, consistent with frequency-dependent transmission or spillover from other hosts. Epidemics are increasingly identified in various hosts, suggesting global change in suitable environmental conditions or increased reporting bias. C1 [Foley, J.; Stephenson, N.; Clifford, D. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Serieys, L. E. K.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, ZA-7700 Cape Town, South Africa. [Serieys, L. E. K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95054 USA. [Riley, S.; Moriarty, J.] Natl Pk Serv Santa Monica Mt Natl Recreat Area, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. [Foley, C.] Lutheran Social Serv Northern Calif, 5050 Walnut Ave, Sacramento, CA 95841 USA. [Jennings, M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Wengert, G.] Integral Ecol Res Ctr, Blue Lake, CA 95525 USA. [Vickers, W.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Boydston, E.; Lyren, L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. [Clifford, D. L.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Wildlife Investigat Lab, 1701 Nimbus Rd, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA. RP Foley, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jefoley@ucdavis.edu FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; UC Davis Wildlife Health Center; Fund for Animals; Summerlee Foundation; Santa Monica Mountains Fund; US Geological Survey; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; Panthera FX Funding was provided by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, the UC Davis Wildlife Health Center (both to J. F.), Fund for Animals, the Summerlee Foundation, Santa Monica Mountains Fund, US Geological Survey, National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and Panthera (all to L. E. K. S.). NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 143 IS 14 BP 1847 EP 1861 DI 10.1017/S0031182016001505 PG 15 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA EF4TX UT WOS:000390326000003 PM 27608857 ER PT J AU Patriquin, KJ Leonard, ML Broders, HG Ford, WM Britzke, ER Silvis, A AF Patriquin, Krista J. Leonard, Marty L. Broders, Hugh G. Ford, W. Mark Britzke, Eric R. Silvis, Alexander TI Weather as a proximate explanation for fission-fusion dynamics in female northern long-eared bats SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE ambient condition; fission-fusion; geographical variation; Myotis septentrionalis; northern long-eared bat; roost switching; sociality; temperate bat ID BIG BROWN BATS; MYOTIS MYOTIS-SEPTENTRIONALIS; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; ROOSTING HABITS; CORYNORHINUS-RAFINESQUII; INFORMATION-TRANSFER; SOCIAL NETWORKS; REPRODUCTION; SELECTION; FIDELITY AB Fission-fusion dynamics appear common among temperate bats where females form roost groups that change in size and composition, as females switch roosts almost daily. One hypothesis for frequent roost switching is that females move to find suitable thermal conditions as ambient conditions change. Tests of this hypothesis have, however, been conducted mostly at roosts in artificial structures where microclimate is relatively stable. The goal of our study was to determine whether roost switching and roost use by northern long-eared bats, Myotis septentrionalis, that roost in trees are related to ambient conditions. We used generalized linear fixed effects models to explore the influence of roost characteristics and changes in ambient conditions on the likelihood of roost switching. We used canonical correlation analyses to examine the relationship between ambient conditions and roost characteristics. Roost switching was indeed linked to ambient conditions together with characteristics of roosts on the previous day; the best descriptors of roost switching differed between the two geographical regions we analysed. In Nova Scotia, females were less likely to switch roosts when it rained, particularly if they were in roosts below surrounding canopy whereas they were more likely to switch roosts when they were in roosts of high decay. Females roosted in shorter trees in earlier decay classes on warm days, as well as on windy and rainy days. In Kentucky, females were more likely to switch roosts at high temperatures, particularly when they were in roosts in high decay. Females roosted in shorter, decayed trees on warm days, and in less decayed trees with small diameter on windy and rainy days. Our results suggest bats switch roosts in response to changes in ambient conditions to select suitable roosting conditions, which may explain some of the proximate factors shaping fission-fusion dynamics of bats. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Patriquin, Krista J.; Leonard, Marty L.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Broders, Hugh G.] St Marys Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Ford, W. Mark; Silvis, Alexander] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Britzke, Eric R.] US Army Engineer, Ctr Res & Dev, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Patriquin, KJ (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, 3359 Mississauga Rd,William G Davis Bldg, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. EM krista.patriquin@utoronto.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Canada Graduate Scholarship D; Dalhousie University Faculty of Graduate Studies Scholarship; Patrick F. Lett Graduate Student Assistance Bursary; NSERC Discovery Grants; Nova Scotia Species at Risk Conservation Fund; Nova Scotia Habitat Conservation Fund; United States Army Environmental Quality and Installation Basic Research 6.1 program FX We are grateful to Jessica Corkum, Luke Dodd, Jenny Dufreche, Taiadjana Fortuna, Erin Hennessey and Florent Valetti for assistance in DLPP fieldwork. We thank Jimmy Watkins, Mike Brandenberg and Charlie Logsdon for their assistance in supporting work in FKMR. Gerald Wilkinson and John Ratcliffe provided comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The research in DLPP was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Canada Graduate Scholarship D, Dalhousie University Faculty of Graduate Studies Scholarship and Patrick F. Lett Graduate Student Assistance Bursary to K.J.P. The research was also supported by NSERC Discovery Grants to M.L.L. and H.G.B. Funding was also provided by the Nova Scotia Species at Risk Conservation Fund and Nova Scotia Habitat Conservation Fund. Considerable in-kind support was provided by the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources. The research in FKMR was supported by the United States Army Environmental Quality and Installation Basic Research 6.1 program. The Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources graciously provided field housing for this project. Use of trade, product or firm names does not imply endorsement by the United States government. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 122 BP 47 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.09.022 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA ED1CW UT WOS:000388582600008 ER PT J AU Munson, SM Sankey, TT Xian, G Villarreal, ML Homer, CG AF Munson, Seth M. Sankey, Temuulen T. Xian, George Villarreal, Miguel L. Homer, Collin G. TI Decadal shifts in grass and woody plant cover are driven by prolonged drying and modified by topo-edaphic properties SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aridity; climate change; desert; land degradation; shrub encroachment; Sonoran Desert; Larrea tridentata; Prosopis spp ID NORTH-AMERICAN GRASSLANDS; SONORAN-DESERT; SHRUB ENCROACHMENT; VEGETATION CHANGES; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; ARID ECOSYSTEM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; PATTERNS; COMMUNITY AB Woody plant encroachment and overall declines in perennial vegetation in dryland regions can alter ecosystem properties and indicate land degradation, but the causes of these shifts remain controversial. Determining how changes in the abundance and distribution of grass and woody plants are influenced by conditions that regulate water availability at a regional scale provides a baseline to compare how management actions alter the composition of these vegetation types at a more local scale and can be used to predict future shifts under climate change. Using a remote-sensing-based approach, we assessed the balance between grasses and woody plants and how climate and topo-edaphic conditions affected their abundances across the northern Sonoran Desert from 1989 to 2009. Despite widespread woody plant encroachment in this region over the last 150 years, we found that leguminous trees, including mesquite (Prosopis spp.), declined in cover in areas with prolonged drying conditions during the early 21st century. Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) also had moderate decreases with prolonged drying but was buffered from changes on soils with low clay that promote infiltration and high available water capacity that allows for retention of water at depth. Perennial grasses have expanded and contracted over the last two decades in response to summer precipitation and were especially dynamic on shallow soils with high clay that have large fluctuations in water availability. Our results suggest that topo-edaphic properties can amplify or ameliorate climate-induced changes in woody plants and perennial grasses. Understanding these relationships has important implications for ecosystem function under climate change in the southwestern USA and can inform management efforts to regulate grass and woody plant abundances. C1 [Munson, Seth M.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Sankey, Temuulen T.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Informat Comp & Cyber Syst, 1295 South Knoles Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Xian, George; Homer, Collin G.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Villarreal, Miguel L.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 531, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Munson, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM smunson@usgs.gov OI Villarreal, Miguel/0000-0003-0720-1422 FU U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and Status and Trends Program FX The authors thank D. Meyer for processing Landsat scenes, L. Long, J. Malusa, C. Black, and P. Holm for technical assistance, J. Bradford and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. The authors gratefully acknowledge plot-based measurements of cover provided by the Santa Rita Experimental Range (http://ag.arizona.edu/SRER), National Park Service, Barry M. Goldwater Range, and the Desert Laboratory. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and Status and Trends Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this article is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2478 EP 2492 DI 10.1002/eap.1389 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE1BU UT WOS:000389316400011 PM 27907253 ER PT J AU Bateman, BL Pidgeon, AM Radeloff, VC Flather, CH VanDerWal, J Akakaya, HR Thogmartin, WE Albright, TP Vavrus, SJ Heglund, PJ AF Bateman, Brooke L. Pidgeon, Anna M. Radeloff, Volker C. Flather, Curtis H. VanDerWal, Jeremy Akakaya, H. Resit Thogmartin, Wayne E. Albright, Thomas P. Vavrus, Stephen J. Heglund, Patricia J. TI Potential breeding distributions of US birds predicted with both short-term variability and long-term average climate data SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change; guilds; Maxent; North American breeding birds; species distribution model; species range ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; ENVELOPE MODELS; AVIAN MORTALITY; HEAT WAVES; WEATHER; EVENTS; PATTERNS; NORTH AB Climate conditions, such as temperature or precipitation, averaged over several decades strongly affect species distributions, as evidenced by experimental results and a plethora of models demonstrating statistical relations between species occurrences and long-term climate averages. However, long-term averages can conceal climate changes that have occurred in recent decades and may not capture actual species occurrence well because the distributions of species, especially at the edges of their range, are typically dynamic and may respond strongly to short-term climate variability. Our goal here was to test whether bird occurrence models can be predicted by either covariates based on short-term climate variability or on long-term climate averages. We parameterized species distribution models (SDMs) based on either short-term variability or long-term average climate covariates for 320 bird species in the conterminous USA and tested whether any life-history trait-based guilds were particularly sensitive to short-term conditions. Models including short-term climate variability performed well based on their cross-validated area-under-the-curve AUC score (0.85), as did models based on long-term climate averages (0.84). Similarly, both models performed well compared to independent presence/absence data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (independent AUC of 0.89 and 0.90, respectively). However, models based on short-term variability covariates more accurately classified true absences for most species (73% of true absences classified within the lowest quarter of environmental suitability vs. 68%). In addition, they have the advantage that they can reveal the dynamic relationship between species and their environment because they capture the spatial fluctuations of species potential breeding distributions. With this information, we can identify which species and guilds are sensitive to climate variability, identify sites of high conservation value where climate variability is low, and assess how species' potential distributions may have already shifted due recent climate change. However, long-term climate averages require less data and processing time and may be more readily available for some areas of interest. Where data on short-term climate variability are not available, long-term climate information is a sufficient predictor of species distributions in many cases. However, short-term climate variability data may provide information not captured with long-term climate data for use in SDMs. C1 [Bateman, Brooke L.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [VanDerWal, Jeremy] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Ctr Trop Biodivers & Climate Change Res, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [VanDerWal, Jeremy] James Cook Univ, Div Res & Innovat, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Akakaya, H. Resit] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Albright, Thomas P.] Univ Nevada, Lab Conservat Biogeog, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89577 USA. [Albright, Thomas P.] Univ Nevada, Lab Conservat Biogeog, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Reno, NV 89577 USA. [Vavrus, Stephen J.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Heglund, Patricia J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. RP Bateman, BL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM brooke.bateman@gmail.com RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008 OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279 FU NASA [NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM]; James Cook University High Performance Computing (HPC) unit FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this research by the NASA Biodiversity Program and the Climate and Biological Response funding opportunity (NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM) and the James Cook University High Performance Computing (HPC) unit. In addition, we thank T. Robertson and the Global Biodiversity and Information Facility (GBIF) for assistance in obtaining bird occurrence data for the USA and the numerous contributors of occurrence data to GBIF (please see full list of bird data sources in Appendix S1). Associate editor J. Elith and two anonymous reviewers provided very helpful and constructive comments that greatly improved our manuscript. We thank E. Wood for his help in developing guild descriptions, as well as P. Culbert, J. Gorzo, and A. Allstadt for general assistance and discussions. Any use of trade, product, or firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The views expressed in this article are the authors' own and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2718 EP 2729 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE1BU UT WOS:000389316400028 PM 27907262 ER PT J AU Northrup, JM Anderson, CR Hooten, MB Wittemyer, G AF Northrup, Joseph M. Anderson, Charles R., Jr. Hooten, Mevin B. Wittemyer, George TI Movement reveals scale dependence in habitat selection of a large ungulate SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE animal movement; hydrocarbon development; movement ecology; Odocoileus hemionus; oil and natural gas; resource selection function; wildlife ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; MULE DEER; RESOURCE SELECTION; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; COLLAR PERFORMANCE; PREDATION RISK; TELEMETRY DATA; HOME RANGES; PATCH USE; SPACE-USE AB Ecological processes operate across temporal and spatial scales. Anthropogenic disturbances impact these processes, but examinations of scale dependence in impacts are infrequent. Such examinations can provide important insight to wildlife-human interactions and guide management efforts to reduce impacts. We assessed spatiotemporal scale dependence in habitat selection of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in the Piceance Basin of Colorado, USA, an area of ongoing natural gas development. We employed a newly developed animal movement method to assess habitat selection across scales defined using animal-centric spatiotemporal definitions ranging from the local (defined from five hour movements) to the broad (defined from weekly movements). We extended our analysis to examine variation in scale dependence between night and day and assess functional responses in habitat selection patterns relative to the density of anthropogenic features. Mule deer displayed scale invariance in the direction of their response to energy development features, avoiding well pads and the areas closest to roads at all scales, though with increasing strength of avoidance at coarser scales. Deer displayed scale-dependent responses to most other habitat features, including land cover type and habitat edges. Selection differed between night and day at the finest scales, but homogenized as scale increased. Deer displayed functional responses to development, with deer inhabiting the least developed ranges more strongly avoiding development relative to those with more development in their ranges. Energy development was a primary driver of habitat selection patterns in mule deer, structuring their behaviors across all scales examined. Stronger avoidance at coarser scales suggests that deer behaviorally mediated their interaction with development, but only to a degree. At higher development densities than seen in this area, such mediation may not be possible and thus maintenance of sufficient habitat with lower development densities will be a critical best management practice as development expands globally. C1 [Northrup, Joseph M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Anderson, Charles R., Jr.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Mammals Res Sect, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wittemyer, George] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wittemyer, George] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Northrup, Joseph M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Northrup, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Northrup, JM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Joe.northrup@gmail.com FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW); White River Field Office of Bureau of Land Management; ExxonMobil Production/XTO Energy; WPX Energy; Shell Exploration and Production; EnCana Corporation; Marathon Oil Corporation; Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-185-R]; Colorado Mule Deer Foundation; Colorado Mule Deer Association; Safari Club International; Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission; Colorado State Severance Tax; NSF [CNS-0923386, DMS-1614392] FX Mule deer capture and monitoring was funded and/or supported by Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW), White River Field Office of Bureau of Land Management, ExxonMobil Production/XTO Energy, WPX Energy, Shell Exploration and Production, EnCana Corporation, Marathon Oil Corporation, Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration (W-185-R), the Colorado Mule Deer Foundation, the Colorado Mule Deer Association, Safari Club International, Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, and the Colorado State Severance Tax. We thank L. Wolfe, C. Bishop, D. Finley, and D. Freddy (CPW) and numerous field technicians for project coordination and field assistance. We thank Quicksilver Air for deer captures and L. Gepfert (CPW) and Coulter Aviation for fixed-wing aircraft support. We thank J. Tigner and S. Downing for assistance with interpretation of development data. A. Maki, E. Bergman, S. L. Webb, and one anonymous reviewer provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This research utilized the CSU ISTeC Cray HPC system supported by NSF Grant CNS-0923386 and DMS-1614392. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2744 EP 2755 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE1BU UT WOS:000389316400030 PM 27859842 ER PT J AU Rossman, S Yackulic, CB Saunders, SP Reid, J Davis, R Zipkin, EF AF Rossman, Sam Yackulic, Charles B. Saunders, Sarah P. Reid, Janice Davis, Ray Zipkin, Elise F. TI Dynamic N-occupancy models: estimating demographic rates and local abundance from detection-nondetection data SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE barred owl; demographic rates; dynamic; heterogeneity; latent; N-mixture model; occupancy; species distribution models ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; PRESENCE-ABSENCE DATA; BARRED OWLS; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HABITAT; COUNTS; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPANSION AB Occupancy modeling is a widely used analytical technique for assessing species distributions and range dynamics. However, occupancy analyses frequently ignore variation in abundance of occupied sites, even though site abundances affect many of the parameters being estimated (e.g., extinction, colonization, detection probability). We introduce a new model (dynamic N-occupancy) capable of providing accurate estimates of local abundance, population gains (reproduction/immigration), and apparent survival probabilities while accounting for imperfect detection using only detection/nondetection data. Our model utilizes heterogeneity in detection based on variations in site abundances to estimate latent demographic rates via a dynamic N-mixture modeling framework. We validate our model using simulations across a wide range of values and examine the data requirements, including the number of years and survey sites needed, for unbiased and precise estimation of parameters. We apply our model to estimate spatiotemporal heterogeneity in abundances of barred owls (Strix varia) within a recently invaded region in Oregon (USA). Estimates of apparent survival and population gains are consistent with those from a nearby radio-tracking study and elucidate how barred owl abundances have increased dramatically over time. The dynamic N-occupancy model greatly improves inferences on individual-level population processes from occupancy data by explicitly modeling the latent population structure. C1 [Rossman, Sam; Saunders, Sarah P.; Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Integrat Biol, 288 Farm Lane RM 203, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rossman, Sam] Hubbs Sea World Res Inst, 3830 S Highway A1A 4-181, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951 USA. [Yackulic, Charles B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Reid, Janice; Davis, Ray] US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, 293 Farm Lane RM 103, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Rossman, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Integrat Biol, 288 Farm Lane RM 203, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Rossman, S (reprint author), Hubbs Sea World Res Inst, 3830 S Highway A1A 4-181, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951 USA. EM rossmans@msu.edu FU John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; USGS; NPS/USGS National Park Monitoring Program FX We are grateful to Michigan State University's High Performance Computing Center for computational support and to the NPS/USGS National Park Monitoring Program for funding that supported model development. The work in this manuscript grew out of discussions from a working group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the USGS. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Barred owl photo by Mdf (CC BY-SA 3.0) obtained from Wikimedia Commons. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 97 IS 12 BP 3300 EP 3307 DI 10.1002/ecy.1598 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE2WC UT WOS:000389444800007 PM 27912019 ER PT J AU Grundel, R AF Grundel, Ralph TI The lives of lepidopterists SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Book Review DE biodiversity; ecological careers; lepidopterist; natural history C1 [Grundel, Ralph] US Geol Survey, 1574 N 300 E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. RP Grundel, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1574 N 300 E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. EM rgrundel@usgs.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 97 IS 12 BP 3555 EP 3556 DI 10.1002/ecy.1606 PG 2 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE2WC UT WOS:000389444800033 ER PT J AU Irvine, KM Rodhouse, TJ Keren, IN AF Irvine, Kathryn M. Rodhouse, T. J. Keren, Ilai N. TI Extending Ordinal Regression with a Latent Zero-Augmented Beta Distribution SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Beta regression; Cumulative link model; Grouped continuous; Hurdle model; Midpoint regression; Non-proportional odds; Plant abundance; Proportional odds model ID ORDERED CATEGORICAL-DATA; MIXTURE MODEL; COUNT DATA; BROMUS-TECTORUM; BAYESIAN MODEL; RESPONSE DATA; VEGETATION; ABUNDANCE; ECOSYSTEMS; ECOLOGY AB Ecological abundance data are often recorded on an ordinal scale in which the lowest category represents species absence. One common example is when plant species cover is visually assessed within bounded quadrats and then assigned to pre-defined cover class categories. We present an ordinal beta hurdle model that directly models ordinal category probabilities with a biologically realistic beta-distributed latent variable. A hurdle-at-zero model allows ecologists to explore distribution (absence) and abundance processes in an integrated framework. This provides an alternative to cumulative link models when data are inconsistent with the assumption that the odds of moving into a higher category are the same for all categories (proportional odds). Graphical tools and a deviance information criterion were developed to assess whether a hurdle-at-zero model should be used for inferences rather than standard ordinal methods. Hurdle-at-zero and non-hurdle ordinal models fit to vegetation cover class data produced substantially different conclusions. The ordinal beta hurdle model yielded more precise parameter estimates than cumulative logit models, although out-of-sample predictions were similar. The ordinal beta hurdle model provides inferences directly on the latent biological variable of interest, percent cover, and supports exploration of more realistic ecological patterns and processes through the hurdle-at-zero or two-part specification. We provide JAGS code as an on-line supplement. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear on-line. C1 [Irvine, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Rodhouse, T. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, Bend, OR USA. [Keren, Ilai N.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA USA. RP Irvine, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM kirvine@usgs.gov; Tom_Rodhouse@nps.gov; ilai.keren@dfw.wa.gov FU National Park Service [P12PG70586]; Upper Columbia Basin Network Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service; North Central Climate Science Center FX We thank Dr. Megan D. Higgs for early discussions on this work and her assistance with WinBUGS code for clipping latent distributions. Dr. Brian Gray provided encouragement and interest in this work and we are appreciative. We also thank Dr. Andrew Hoegh, two anonymous reviewers', and our associate editor's comments and suggestion for revising our paper. The work by K. M. Irvine was funded through an Interagency Agreement P12PG70586 with the National Park Service. T. J. Rodhouse was funded by Upper Columbia Basin Network Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service. I. N. Keren's participation was secured by an interagency agreement with Montana State's Institute on Ecosystems with funding by North Central Climate Science Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1085-7117 EI 1537-2693 J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 619 EP 640 DI 10.1007/s13253-016-0265-2 PG 22 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA EE3CP UT WOS:000389464800002 ER PT J AU Coats, R Lewis, J Alvarez, N Arneson, P AF Coats, Robert Lewis, Jack Alvarez, Nancy Arneson, Patricia TI TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL TRENDS IN NUTRIENT AND SEDIMENT LOADING TO LAKE TAHOE, CALIFORNIA-NEVADA, USA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE biogeochemistry; environmental impacts; lakes; rivers/streams; monitoring; statistics; environmental sampling; nutrients; sediment; eutrophication; total load ID UNITED-STATES; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; NITROGEN FLUXES; LAND-USE; BASIN; TRANSPORT; STREAMS; PHOSPHORUS; REGRESSION; ECOSYSTEMS AB Since 1980, the Lake Tahoe Interagency Monitoring Program (LTIMP) has provided streamdischarge and water quality data-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and suspended sediment-at more than 20 stations in Lake Tahoe Basin streams. To characterize the temporal and spatial patterns in nutrient and sediment loading to the lake, and improve the usefulness of the program and the existing database, we have (1) identified and corrected for sources of bias in the water quality database; (2) generated synthetic datasets for sediments and nutrients, and resampled to compare the accuracy and precision of different load calculation models; (3) using the best models, recalculated total annual loads over the period of record; (4) regressed total loads against total annual and annual maximum daily discharge, and tested for time trends in the residuals; (5) compared loads for different forms of N and P; and (6) tested constituent loads against land use-land cover (LULC) variables using multiple regression. The results show (1) N and P loads are dominated by organic N and particulate P; (2) there are significant long-term downward trends in some constituent loads of some streams; and (3) anthropogenic impervious surface is the most important LULC variable influencing water quality in basin streams. Many of our recommendations for changes in water quality monitoring and load calculation methods have been adopted by the LTIMP. C1 [Coats, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, 2512 9th St,Ste 7, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. [Lewis, Jack] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Alvarez, Nancy] US Geol Survey, Water Resource Div, Carson City, NV 89701 USA. [Arneson, Patricia] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Coats, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, 2512 9th St,Ste 7, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. EM rncoats@ucdavis.edu FU USDA Forest Service under the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act [13-DG-11272170-009] FX We thank Kip Allander, David Berger, John Reuter, and Andrew Stubblefield for review of the manuscript; Nicole Beck, Gary Conley, Mark Grismer, Alan Heyvaert, Andrew Stubblefield, and Rick Susfalk for generously sharing their turbidity and discharge data for basin streams; Scott Hackley for dedicated stream sampling at all hours and in all weather; Dan Nover for sharing his fine sediment data; John Reuter, Earl Byron, and Rich Axler for directing the LTIMP in years past; Charles Goldman and Geoffrey Schladow for their leadership of UC Davis research program (spanning over five decades) in the Tahoe Basin; Melissa Kimble, Humboldt State Univ. and Jim Menlove of the Forest Service Rocky Mt. Res. Sta. for providing the Forest Inventory and Analysis data for the Tahoe Basin; and Tiff van Huysen, Zach Hymanson, and George Malyj for administrative support. We humbly acknowledge the contribution of the late Robert Leonard, who was instrumental in organizing and shepherding the LTIMP through its early years. This work was funded by grant no. 13-DG-11272170-009 from USDA Forest Service under the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1347 EP 1365 DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12461 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA EE0YR UT WOS:000389307000005 ER PT J AU Werner, B Tracy, J Johnson, WC Voldseth, RA Guntenspergen, GR Millett, B AF Werner, Brett Tracy, John Johnson, W. Carter Voldseth, Richard A. Guntenspergen, Glenn R. Millett, Bruce TI MODELING THE EFFECTS OF TILE DRAIN PLACEMENT ON THE HYDROLOGIC FUNCTION OF FARMED PRAIRIE WETLANDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE prairie pothole wetlands; tile drain impacts; hydrologic modeling; farmed wetlands ID POTHOLE REGION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER LEVELS; DYNAMICS; CORN AB The early 2000s saw large increases in agricultural tile drainage in the eastern Dakotas of North America. Agricultural practices that drain wetlands directly are sometimes limited by wetland protection programs. Little is known about the impacts of tile drainage beyond the delineated boundaries of wetlands in upland catchments that may be in agricultural production. A series of experiments were conducted using the well-published model WETLANDSCAPE that revealed the potential for wetlands to have significantly shortened surface water inundation periods and lower mean depths when tile is placed in certain locations beyond the wetland boundary. Under the soil conditions found in agricultural areas of South Dakota in North America, wetland hydroperiod was found to be more sensitive to the depth that drain tile is installed relative to the bottom of the wetland basin than to distance-based setbacks. Because tile drainage can change the hydrologic conditions of wetlands, even when deployed in upland catchments, tile drainage plans should be evaluated more closely for the potential impacts they might have on the ecological services that these wetlands currently provide. Future research should investigate further how drainage impacts are affected by climate variability and change. C1 [Werner, Brett] Ctr Coll Danville, Environm Studies, Danville, KY 40422 USA. [Tracy, John] Texas A&M Univ, Texas Water Resources Inst, 2260 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Johnson, W. Carter] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Millett, Bruce] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Geog, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Voldseth, Richard A.] North Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Tracy, J (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Texas Water Resources Inst, 2260 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM john.tracy@ag.tamu.edu FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; United States Geological Survey Science Support Program [G12AC20005]; U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land-Use Research and Development Program and the Ecosystem Program FX This research was supported through a cooperative agreement and grant from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Inventory and Monitoring Program and the United States Geological Survey Science Support Program, Grant and Cooperative Agreement No. G12AC20005. We also acknowledge support from the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land-Use Research and Development Program and the Ecosystem Program. Any use of trade product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1482 EP 1492 DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12471 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA EE0YR UT WOS:000389307000013 ER PT J AU Feinson, LS Gibs, J Imbrigiotta, TE Garrett, JD AF Feinson, Lawrence S. Gibs, Jacob Imbrigiotta, Thomas E. Garrett, Jessica D. TI EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND SAMPLE LOCATION ON NITRATE-STREAM FLOW HYSTERESIS DESCRIPTORS DURING STORM EVENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE environmental sampling; watershed hydrology; transport and fate; nutrients; continuous monitoring; storm event; stream flow; nitrate hysteresis ID BASEFLOW CONTRIBUTION; NUTRIENT; DISCHARGE; EXPORT; JAPAN AB The U.S. Geological Survey's New Jersey and Iowa Water Science Centers deployed ultravioletvisible spectrophotometric sensors at water-quality monitoring sites on the Passaic and Pompton Rivers at Two Bridges, New Jersey, on Toms River at Toms River, New Jersey, and on the North Raccoon River near Jefferson, Iowa to continuously measure in-stream nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen (NO3 + NO2) concentrations in conjunction with continuous stream flow measurements. Statistical analysis of NO3 + NO2 vs. stream discharge during storm events found statistically significant links between land use types and sampling site with the normalized area and rotational direction of NO3 + NO2-stream discharge (N-Q) hysteresis patterns. Statistically significant relations were also found between the normalized area of a hysteresis pattern and several flow parameters as well as the normalized area adjusted for rotational direction and minimum NO3 + NO2 concentrations. The mean normalized hysteresis area for forested land use was smaller than that of urban and agricultural land uses. The hysteresis rotational direction of the agricultural land use was opposite of that of the urban and undeveloped land uses. An r(2) of 0.81 for the relation between the minimum normalized NO3 + NO2 concentration during a storm vs. the normalized NO3 + NO2 concentration at peak flow suggested that dilution was the dominant process controlling NO3 + NO2 concentrations over the course of most storm events. C1 [Feinson, Lawrence S.; Gibs, Jacob; Imbrigiotta, Thomas E.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, 3450 Princeton Pike,Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Garrett, Jessica D.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. RP Feinson, LS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, 3450 Princeton Pike,Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. EM lsfeinso@usgs.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of the Science Advisor, Research Triangle, North Carolina; New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rock Island District; Iowa Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rock Island District; Iowa Department of Transportation; USGS National Streamflow Information Program; New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection FX Funding for this project was provided for by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of the Science Advisor, Research Triangle, North Carolina. Funding for water quality data was provided by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program. Funding for river discharge data was provided by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rock Island District, the Iowa Department of Transportation, and the USGS National Streamflow Information Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1493 EP 1508 DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12477 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA EE0YR UT WOS:000389307000014 ER PT J AU Courter, II Garrison, TM Kock, TJ Perry, RW Child, DB Hubble, JD AF Courter, I. I. Garrison, T. M. Kock, T. J. Perry, R. W. Child, D. B. Hubble, J. D. TI Benefits of Prescribed Flows for Salmon Smolt Survival Enhancement Vary Longitudinally in a Highly Managed River System SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE flow management; salmon; smolt; survival; mark-recapture; telemetry; fisheries ID FALL CHINOOK SALMON; SNAKE RIVER; SMALLMOUTH BASS; STEELHEAD; MIGRATION; PREDATOR; MORTALITY; COLUMBIA; RATES; WATER AB The influence of streamflow on survival of emigrating juvenile Pacific salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. (smolts) is a major concern for water managers throughout the northeast Pacific Rim. However, few studies have quantified flow effects on smolt survival, and available information does not indicate a consistent flow-survival relationship within the typical range of flows under management control. In the Yakima Basin, Washington, the potential effects of streamflow alterations on smolt survival have been debated for over 20years. Using a series of controlled flow releases from upper basin reservoirs and radiotelemetry, we quantified the relationship between flow and yearling Chinook salmon smolt survival in the 208km reach between Roza Dam and the Yakima River mouth. A multistate mark-recapture model accounted for weekly variation in flow conditions experienced by tagged fish in four discrete river segments. Smolt survival was significantly associated with streamflow in the Roza Reach [river kilometre (rkm) 208-189] and marginally associated with streamflow in the Sunnyside Reach (rkm 169-77). However, smolt survival was not significantly associated with flow in the Naches and Prosser Reaches (rkm 189-169 and rkm 77-3). This discrepancy indicates potential differences in underlying flow-related survival mechanisms, such as predation or passage impediments. Our results clarify trade-offs between flow augmentation for fisheries enhancement and other beneficial uses, and our study design provides a framework for resolving uncertainties about streamflow effects on migratory fish survival in other river systems. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Courter, I. I.; Garrison, T. M.] Cramer Fish Sci, Gresham, OR USA. [Kock, T. J.; Perry, R. W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA USA. [Child, D. B.] DC Consulting LLC, Yakima, WA USA. [Hubble, J. D.] US Bur Reclamat, Yakima, WA USA. [Courter, I. I.] Mt Hood Environm, POB 744, Boring, OR 97009 USA. [Garrison, T. M.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, 700 NE Multnomah St 1200, Portland, OR 97232 USA. RP Courter, II (reprint author), Mt Hood Environm, POB 744, Boring, OR 97009 USA. EM ian.courter@mthoodenvironmental.com FU US Bureau of Reclamation; Yakima Basin Joint Board FX This project was funded by the US Bureau of Reclamation and the Yakima Basin Joint Board. We thank our collaborators and colleagues with the Yakama Nation, NOAA Fisheries, US Geological Survey and Cramer Fish Sciences who provided valuable assistance with fish collection, tagging and mobile tracking during the study period. In particular, we thank Mark Johnston and his staff with the Yakama Nation who were invaluable to the success of this study. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We thank Sean Gross (National Marine Fisheries Service) and Pat Monk (US Fish and Wildlife Service) for their comments on earlier versions of this document. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1999 EP 2008 DI 10.1002/rra.3066 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA EE8YG UT WOS:000389912000001 ER PT J AU Perry, RW Kock, TJ Courter, II Garrison, TM Hubble, JD Child, DB AF Perry, R. W. Kock, T. J. Courter, I. I. Garrison, T. M. Hubble, J. D. Child, D. B. TI Dam Operations Affect Route-specific Passage and Survival of Juvenile Chinook Salmon at a Main-stem Diversion dam SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE radio telemetry; juvenile Chinook salmon; diversion dam; survival; routing ID LOWER SNAKE RIVER; LOWER GRANITE DAM; HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT; STEELHEAD; MIGRATION; BEHAVIOR; TURBINES; MODEL; FLOW; WASHINGTON AB Diversion dams can negatively affect emigrating juvenile salmon populations because fish must pass through the impounded river created by the dam, negotiate a passage route at the dam and then emigrate through a riverine reach that has been affected by reduced river discharge. To quantify the effects of a main-stem diversion dam on juvenile Chinook salmon in the Yakima River, Washington, USA, we used radio telemetry to understand how dam operations and river discharge in the 18-km reach downstream of the dam affected route-specific passage and survival. We found evidence of direct mortality associated with dam passage and indirect mortality associated with migration through the reach below the dam. Survival of fish passing over a surface spill gate (the west gate) was positively related to river discharge, and survival was similar for fish released below the dam, suggesting that passage via this route caused little additional mortality. However, survival of fish that passed under a sub-surface spill gate (the east gate) was considerably lower than survival of fish released downstream of the dam, with the difference in survival decreasing as river discharge increased. The probability of fish passing the dam via three available routes was strongly influenced by dam operations, with passage through the juvenile fish bypass and the east gate increasing with discharge through those routes. By simulating daily passage and route-specific survival, we show that variation in total survival is driven by river discharge and moderated by the proportion of fish passing through low-survival or high-survival passage routes. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Perry, R. W.; Kock, T. J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. [Courter, I. I.; Garrison, T. M.] Cramer Fish Sci, Gresham, OR USA. [Hubble, J. D.] US Bur Reclamat, Yakima, WA USA. [Child, D. B.] DC Consulting LLC, Yakima, WA USA. [Courter, I. I.] Mt Hood Environm, POB 744, Boring, OR 97009 USA. [Garrison, T. M.] Fish Passage Ctr, 847 NE 19th Ave Suite 250, Portland, OR 97232 USA. RP Perry, RW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. EM rperry@usgs.gov FU US Bureau of Reclamation; Yakima Basin Joint Board FX This project was funded by the US Bureau of Reclamation and the Yakima Basin Joint Board. We thank our collaborators and colleagues with the Yakima Nation, NOAA Fisheries, US Geological Survey and Cramer Fish Sciences who provided valuable assistance with fish collection, tagging and mobile tracking during the study period. In particular, we thank Mark Johnston and his staff with the Yakima Nation who were invaluable to the success of this study. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We thank Sean Gross (National Marine Fisheries Service) and Pat Monk (US Fish and Wildlife Service) for their comments on earlier versions of this document. Two anonymous reviewers provide helpful comments that improved the manuscript. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 32 IS 10 BP 2009 EP 2019 DI 10.1002/rra.3059 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA EE8YG UT WOS:000389912000002 ER PT J AU Bunt, CM Castro-Santos, T Haro, A AF Bunt, C. M. Castro-Santos, T. Haro, A. TI Reinforcement and Validation of the Analyses and Conclusions Related to Fishway Evaluation Data from Bunt et al.: "Performance of Fish Passage Structures at Upstream Barriers to Migration' SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE fish passage; monitoring; evaluations; adaptive management; fishways ID ATLANTIC SALMON; TECHNICAL FISHWAYS; REGULATED RIVER; PARANA RIVER; DAM; EFFICIENCY; BEHAVIOR; ATTRACTION; FACILITIES; MODELS AB Detailed re-examination of the datasets that were used for a meta-analysis of fishway attraction and passage revealed a number of errors that we addressed and corrected. We subsequently re-analysed the revised dataset, and results showed no significant changes in the primary conclusions of the original study; for most species, effective performance cannot be assured for any fishway type. C1 [Bunt, C. M.] Biotact Fisheries Res & Monitoring Biotact Inc, 691 Hidden Valley Rd, Kitchener, ON N2C 2S4, Canada. [Castro-Santos, T.; Haro, A.] SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA. RP Bunt, CM (reprint author), Biotact Fisheries Res & Monitoring Biotact Inc, 691 Hidden Valley Rd, Kitchener, ON N2C 2S4, Canada. EM cbunt@biotactic.com NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 32 IS 10 BP 2125 EP 2137 DI 10.1002/rra.3095 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA EE8YG UT WOS:000389912000012 ER PT J AU Guderyahn, LB Smithers, AP Mims, MC AF Guderyahn, Laura B. Smithers, Ashley P. Mims, Meryl C. TI Assessing habitat requirements of pond-breeding amphibians in a highly urbanized landscape: implications for management SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Amphibian habitat; Amphibian management; Habitat occupancy; Habitat threshold; Hydroperiod; Urban landscape ID RED-LEGGED FROGS; AMBYSTOMA-GRACILE; STORMWATER PONDS; SPECIES RICHNESS; RANA-AURORA; LAND-USE; HYDROPERIOD; WETLANDS; GROWTH; CONSEQUENCES AB Management of urban aquatic habitats for native wildlife, such as amphibians, is an important contemporary goal for many municipalities. However, our understanding of how local and landscape characteristics of urban aquatic habitat promote or inhibit amphibian occupancy and recruitment is limited. In this study, we examined amphibian community composition and occurrence patterns in ponds, wetlands, and swales of Gresham, Oregon. We collected occurrence data for five native amphibians: northwestern salamander (Ambystoma gracile), long-toed salamander (A. macrodactylum), Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla), northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora aurora), and rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa) as well as one non-native amphibian, the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus). One hundred sites were surveyed from 2007 to 2013. Local and landscape attributes were characterized for each site, and potential drivers of species occupancy were evaluated using a combination of multivariate approaches and generalized linear models. In general, percent impervious surface and distance to nearest forest patch, both associated with urbanization, were negatively correlated with site occupancy for all species. Non-native vegetation was also negatively associated with occupancy of three species (long-toed salamanders, Pacific chorus frogs, and northern red-legged frogs). In contrast, occupancy was positively correlated with pond depth and hydroperiod length for all species. We found evidence of two distinct groups of co-occurring amphibian species driven by habitat depth and hydroperiod. Finally, we report results of threshold analyses that examined species-specific habitat associations. This study describes urban habitat associations of a native amphibian community, identifies factors with positive, negative or mixed relationships with amphibian species, and is an important step in informing the management of urban aquatic habitat to promote persistence of native amphibians. C1 [Guderyahn, Laura B.] City Gresham, Nat Resources Program, 1333 NW Eastman Pkwy, Gresham, OR 97030 USA. [Smithers, Ashley P.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Mims, Meryl C.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Mims, Meryl C.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Guderyahn, LB (reprint author), City Gresham, Nat Resources Program, 1333 NW Eastman Pkwy, Gresham, OR 97030 USA. EM lguderyahn@gmail.com OI Mims, Meryl/0000-0003-0570-988X FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0718124] FX We would like to thank all of the City of Gresham Watershed Division for assisting the Natural Resource Program with collecting and assessing data on City ponds, wetlands and swales. In addition, City of Gresham Mapping Department assisted with GIS analyses and mapping. Special thanks to those who reviewed the manuscript and gave feedback: T. Brimecombe, C. Corkran, T. Curry, K. Holzer, K. Majidi, and Dr. J. Maser. M. Mims was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. DGE-0718124). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1801 EP 1821 DI 10.1007/s11252-016-0569-6 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA EF0ML UT WOS:000390019400021 ER PT J AU Schulte, SA Simons, TR AF Schulte, Shiloh A. Simons, Theodore R. TI Hurricane Disturbance Benefits Nesting American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE American Oystercatcher; climate change; demographics; fecundity; Haematopus palliatus; hurricane; nest predation ID NORTH-CAROLINA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ISLAND; INTENSITY AB Coastal ecosystems are under increasing pressure from human activity, introduced species, sea level rise, and storm activity. Hurricanes are a powerful destructive force, but can also renew coastal habitats. In 2003, Hurricane Isabel altered the barrier islands of North Carolina, flattening dunes and creating sand flats. American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) are large shorebirds that inhabit the coastal zone throughout the year. Alternative survival models were evaluated for 699 American Oystercatcher nests on North Core Banks and South Core Banks, North Carolina, USA, from 1999-2007. Nest survival on North Core Banks increased from 0.170 (SE = 0.002) to 0.772 (SE = 0.090) after the hurricane, with a carry-over effect lasting 2 years. A simple year effects model described nest survival on South Core Banks. Habitat had no effect on survival except when the overall rate of nest survival was at intermediate levels (0.300-0.600), when nests on open flats survived at a higher rate (0.600; SE = 0.112) than nests in dune habitat (0.243; SE = 0.094). Predator activity declined on North Core Banks after the hurricane and corresponded with an increase in nest survival. Periodic years with elevated nest survival may offset low annual productivity and contribute to the stability of American Oystercatcher populations. C1 [Schulte, Shiloh A.] Manomet, 125 Manomet Point Rd, Plymouth, MA 02360 USA. [Simons, Theodore R.] North Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Simons, TR (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tsimons@ncsu.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD DEC PY 2016 VL 39 IS 4 BP 327 EP 337 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EE9SH UT WOS:000389966000001 ER PT J AU Bluso-Demers, JD Ackerman, JT Takekawa, JY Peterson, SH AF Bluso-Demers, Jill D. Ackerman, Joshua T. Takekawa, John Y. Peterson, Sarah H. TI Habitat Selection by Forster's Terns (Sterna forsteri) at Multiple Spatial Scales in an Urbanized Estuary: the Importance of Salt Ponds SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE Forster's Tern; habitat use; salinity; salt ponds; San Francisco Bay; space use; Sterna forsteri ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SPACE USE; AMERICAN AVOCETS; HOME-RANGE; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; AVIAN COMMUNITIES; COLONY ATTENDANCE; EVAPORATION PONDS; COMMON TERNS; SALINITY AB The highly urbanized San Francisco Bay Estuary, California, USA, is currently undergoing large-scale habitat restoration, and several thousand hectares of former salt evaporation ponds are being converted to tidal marsh. To identify potential effects of this habitat restoration on breeding waterbirds, habitat selection of radio tagged Forster's Terns (Sterna forster) was examined at multiple spatial scales during the pre-breeding and breeding seasons of 2005 and 2006. At each spatial scale, habitat selection ratios were calculated by season, year, and sex. Forster's Terns selected salt pond habitats at most spatial scales and demonstrated the importance of salt ponds for foraging and roosting. Salinity influenced the types of salt pond habitats that were selected. Specifically, Forster's Terns strongly selected lower salinity salt ponds (0.5-30 g/L) and generally avoided higher salinity salt ponds 31 g/L). Forster's Terns typically used tidal marsh and managed marsh habitats in proportion to their availability, avoided upland and tidal flat habitats, and strongly avoided open bay habitats. Salt ponds provide important habitat for breeding waterbirds, and restoration efforts to convert former salt ponds to tidal marsh may reduce the availability of preferred breeding and foraging areas. C1 [Bluso-Demers, Jill D.; Ackerman, Joshua T.; Peterson, Sarah H.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Bluso-Demers, Jill D.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Bluso-Demers, Jill D.; Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Bluso-Demers, Jill D.] Humboldt Cty Resource Conservat Dist, 5630 South Broadway, Eureka, CA 95503 USA. [Takekawa, John Y.] Audubon Calif, 376 Greenwood Beach Rd, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. RP Ackerman, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. EM jackerman@usgs.gov FU CalFed Bay Delta Program's Ecosystem Restoration Program; U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center FX We thank S. Demers, E. French, J. McLean, B. Hill, S. Moskal, J. Northrup, K. Dybala, M. Truwe, E. Eppinger, J. Green, L. Demboz, R. Gates, R. Wilming, A. Rex, C. Eagles-Smith, T. Adelsbach, S. Stoner-Duncan, C. Strong, J. Hanson, and L. Anderson for their assistance in the field. We are thankful to N. Atheam of the U.S. Geological Survey and C. Robinson-Nilsen of San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory for permission to cite unpublished data. This manuscript benefited from the comments of M. Colwell, M. Ricca, N. Athearn, and S. Demers. J. Yee provided valuable statistical advice. Staff of the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (C. Morris), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (J. Krause, T. Huffman, C. Wilcox, L. Wycoff), San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge (C. Smith), and Can Club Duck Club (L. Allen, B. Bonnett) provided logistical support and access. We captured, collected, and marked terns under California Department of Fish and Wildlife scientific collection, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory permits, and we conducted research under the guidelines of the U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Animal Care and Use Committee. This research was funded under the CalFed Bay Delta Program's Ecosystem Restoration Program with additional support from the U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD DEC PY 2016 VL 39 IS 4 BP 375 EP 387 PG 13 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EE9SH UT WOS:000389966000006 ER PT J AU Althouse, MA Cohen, JB Spendelow, JA Karpanty, SM Davis, KL Parsons, KC Luttazi, CF AF Althouse, Melissa A. Cohen, Jonathan B. Spendelow, Jeffrey A. Karpanty, Sarah M. Davis, Kayla L. Parsons, Katharine C. Luttazi, Cristin F. TI Quantifying the Effects of Research Band Resighting Activities on Staging Terns in Comparison to Other Disturbances SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE behavior; Common Tern; disturbance; pre-migratory; researcher effects; Roseate Tern; Sterna dougallii; Sterna hirundo ID BEHAVIOR; GULLS; WATERBIRDS; SURVIVAL; SUCCESS; HIRUNDO; BIRD; MASS AB Avian research that involves potential disturbance to the study species may have unintended fitness consequences and could lead to biases in measurements of interest. The effects of band resighting on the behavior of mixed-species flocks of staging waterbirds were evaluated against recreational pedestrian activity that was expected to cause flushing. We found a model with additive effects of distance (near, 0-50 m, or far, 50-200 m) and disturbance type (researcher or pedestrian) best explained flock behaviors. The proportion of staging flocks that flushed in response to pedestrians was greatest when pedestrians were within 50 m of the flock. Virtually no flushes were observed in response to researchers, regardless of distance. These results could assist in alleviating concerns that accepted protocols used for intensive band resighting studies on staging seabirds of special conservation status, such as Roseate (Sterna dougallii) and Common (S. hirundo) terns, may have adverse effects. Our framework could be used by others to test the effects of similar research on sensitive species. Received 24 April, 2016, accepted 11 June 2016. C1 [Althouse, Melissa A.; Cohen, Jonathan B.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Spendelow, Jeffrey A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Karpanty, Sarah M.; Davis, Kayla L.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Parsons, Katharine C.; Luttazi, Cristin F.] Mass Audubon, Coastal Waterbird Program, Lincoln, MA 01773 USA. RP Althouse, MA (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM Maalthou@syr.edu FU U.S. National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore; Roy W. Glahn Memorial Scholarship Fund (CNY Wild-fowlers Association); Edna Baily Sussman Foundation (SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX Funding and logistical support were provided by the U.S. National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore (especially M. Hake, B. Cook, and J. Taylor); Roy W. Glahn Memorial Scholarship Fund (CNY Wild-fowlers Association); Edna Baily Sussman Foundation (SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry); and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Research at Cape Cod National Seashore was performed under permits CACO-2014-SCI-0007, -0015, -0019, and -0020. K. Iaquinto (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) provided site access to Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge. J. Correia, J. May, S. Brady, and P. L. Gallo assisted with data collection. We thank T. Custer and two anonymous reviewers for comments on this manuscript. All banding of Roseate Terns by other partners was done under appropriate Federal and State permits and with the approval of the USGS-PWRC Animal Care and Use Committee. All applicable ethical guidelines for the use of birds in research have been followed, including those presented in the Ornithological Council's "Guidelines to the Use of Wild Birds in Research". The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD DEC PY 2016 VL 39 IS 4 BP 417 EP 421 PG 5 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EE9SH UT WOS:000389966000011 ER PT J AU Shiau, YJ Burchell, M Krauss, K Birgand, F Broome, S AF Shiau, Yo-Jin Burchell, Michael R. Krauss, Ken W. Birgand, Francois Broome, Stephen W. TI Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Created Brackish Marsh in Eastern North Carolina SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Brackish marsh creation; Greenhouse gas emission; Carbon dioxide; Methane; Carbon sequestration ID FRESH-WATER WETLAND; GULF-COAST WETLANDS; ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; METHANE EMISSIONS; SALT-MARSH; RIPARIAN MARSHES; OXIDE REDUCTION; JUNCUS-EFFUSUS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SALINITY AB Tidal marsh creation helps remediate global warming because tidal wetlands are especially proficient at sequestering carbon (C) in soils. However, greenhouse gas (GHG) losses can offset the climatic benefits gained from C storage depending on how these tidal marshes are constructed and managed. This study attempts to determine the GHG emissions from a 4-6 year old created brackish marsh, what environmental factors governed these emissions, and how the magnitude of the fluxes relates to other wetland ecosystems. The static flux chamber method was used to measure GHG fluxes across three distinct plant zones segregated by elevation. The major of soil GHG fluxes from the marsh were from CO2 (-48-192 mg C m(-2) h(-1)), although it was near the lower end of values reported from other wetland types having lower salinities, and would mostly be offset by photosynthetic uptake in this created brackish marsh. Methane flux was also low (-0.33-0.86 mg C m(-2) h(-1)), likely inhibited by the high soil SO4 (2-) and soil redox potentials poised above -150 mV in this in this created brackish marsh environment. Low N2O flux (-0.11-0.10 mg N m(-2) h(-1)) was due to low soil NO3 (-) and soil redox conditions favoring complete denitrification. GHG fluxes from this created brackish marsh were generally lower than those recorded from natural marshes, suggesting that C sequestration may not be offset by the radiative forcing from soil GHG emissions if projects are designed properly. C1 [Shiau, Yo-Jin] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, 128 Acad Rd,Sec 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Burchell, Michael R.; Birgand, Francois] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 200 Weaver Labs Admin,Box 7625, Raleigh, NC USA. [Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA USA. [Broome, Stephen W.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Williams Hall,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Shiau, YJ (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, 128 Acad Rd,Sec 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. EM yshiau@ncsu.edu OI Shiau, Yo-Jin/0000-0003-1368-6761 FU USGS Wetland and Aquatic Research Center through cooperative [G11 AC20358] FX This research was funded by USGS Wetland and Aquatic Research Center through cooperative agreement G11 AC20358. We thank Rebecca F. Moss (Cherokee Nation Technologies) for analyzing the gas samples, and Rachel Huie at NC State University, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering for analyzing the pore water samples. We thank Jason Osborne at NC State University Department of Statistics for consulting on statistical analysis. Randall Etheridge, Magdlena Rabiipour, Bryan Maxwell, John Hutcherson, Ian Cader, Molly Mikan, Carolyn Currin, Nicole Cormier, and Rebecca F. Moss provided field assistance for chamber installation and/or gas sampling. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government or NC State University. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1009 EP 1024 DI 10.1007/s13157-016-0815-y PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE5FE UT WOS:000389630100003 ER PT J AU Bulla, M Valcu, M Dokter, AM Dondua, AG Kosztolanyi, A Rutten, AL Helm, B Sandercock, BK Casler, B Ens, BJ Spiegel, CS Hassell, CJ Kupper, C Minton, C Burgas, D Lank, DB Payer, DC Loktionov, EY Nol, E Kwon, E Smith, F Gates, HR Vitnerova, H Pruter, H Johnson, JA St Clair, JJH Lamarre, JF Rausch, J Reneerkens, J Conklin, JR Burger, J Liebezeit, J Bety, J Coleman, JT Figuerola, J Hooijmeijer, JCEW Alves, JA Smith, JAM Weidinger, K Koivula, K Gosbell, K Exo, KM Niles, L Koloski, L McKinnon, L Praus, L Klaassen, M Giroux, MA Sladecek, M Boldenow, ML Goldstein, MI Salek, M Senner, N Ronka, N Lecomte, N Gilg, O Vincze, O Johnson, OW Smith, PA Woodard, PF Tomkovich, PS Battley, PF Bentzen, R Lanctot, RB Porter, R Saalfeld, ST Freeman, S Brown, SC Yezerinac, S Szekely, T Montalvo, T Piersma, T Loverti, V Pakanen, VM Tijsen, W Kempenaers, B AF Bulla, Martin Valcu, Mihai Dokter, Adriaan M. . Dondua, Alexei G. Kosztolanyi, Andras Rutten, Anne L. Helm, Barbara Sandercock, Brett K. Casler, Bruce Ens, Bruno J. Spiegel, Caleb S. Hassell, Chris J. Kuepper, Clemens Minton, Clive Burgas, Daniel Lank, David B. Payer, David C. Loktionov, Egor Y. Nol, Erica Kwon, Eunbi Smith, Fletcher Gates, H. River Vitnerova, Hana Prueter, Hanna Johnson, James A. St Clair, James J. H. Lamarre, Jean-Francois Rausch, Jennie Reneerkens, Jeroen Conklin, Jesse R. . Burger, Joanna Liebezeit, Joe Bety, Joel Coleman, Jonathan T. Figuerola, Jordi Hooijmeijer, Jos C. . E. . W. Alves, Jose A. Smith, Joseph A. M. . Weidinger, Karel Koivula, Kari Gosbell, Ken Exo, Klaus-Michael Niles, Larry Koloski, Laura McKinnon, Laura Praus, Libor Klaassen, Marcel Giroux, Marie-Andree Sladecek, Martin Boldenow, Megan L. Goldstein, Michael I. Salek, Miroslav Senner, Nathan Ronka, Nelli Lecomte, Nicolas Gilg, Olivier Vincze, Orsolya Johnson, Oscar W. Smith, Paul A. Woodard, Paul F. Tomkovich, Pavel S. Battley, Phil F. Bentzen, Rebecca Lanctot, Richard B. . Porter, Ron Saalfeld, Sarah T. Freeman, Scott Brown, Stephen C. . Yezerinac, Stephen Szekely, Tamas Montalvo, Tomas Piersma, Theunis Loverti, Vanessa Pakanen, Veli-Matti Tijsen, Wim Kempenaers, Bart TI Unexpected diversity in socially synchronized rhythms of shorebirds SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID INCUBATION PATTERNS; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; SEXUAL SELECTION; GEOLOCATOR DATA; NEST PREDATION; PHYLOGENIES; BIRDS; EVOLUTION; CLOCKS; ROLES AB The behavioural rhythms of organisms are thought to be under strong selection, influenced by the rhythmicity of the environment(1-4). Such behavioural rhythms are well studied in isolated individuals under laboratory conditions(1,5), but free-living individuals have to temporally synchronize their activities with those of others, including potential mates, competitors, prey and predators(6-10). Individuals can temporally segregate their daily activities (for example, prey avoiding predators, subordinates avoiding dominants) or synchronize their activities (for example, group foraging, communal defence, pairs reproducing or caring for offspring)(6-9,11). The behavioural rhythms that emerge from such social synchronization and the underlying evolutionary and ecological drivers that shape them remain poorly understood(5-7,9). Here we investigate these rhythms in the context of biparental care, a particularly sensitive phase of social synchronization(12) where pair members potentially compromise their individual rhythms. Using data from 729 nests of 91 populations of 32 biparentally incubating shorebird species, where parents synchronize to achieve continuous coverage of developing eggs, we report remarkable within-and between-species diversity in incubation rhythms. Between species, the median length of one parent's incubation bout varied from 1-19 h, whereas period length-the time in which a parent's probability to incubate cycles once between its highest and lowest value-varied from 6-43 h. The length of incubation bouts was unrelated to variables reflecting energetic demands, but species relying on crypsis (the ability to avoid detection by other animals) had longer incubation bouts than those that are readily visible or who actively protect their nest against predators. Rhythms entrainable to the 24-h light-dark cycle were less prevalent at high latitudes and absent in 18 species. Our results indicate that even under similar environmental conditions and despite 24-h environmental cues, social synchronization can generate far more diverse behavioural rhythms than expected from studies of individuals in captivity(5-7,9). The risk of predation, not the risk of starvation, may be a key factor underlying the diversity in these rhythms. C1 [Bulla, Martin; Valcu, Mihai; Rutten, Anne L.; Kempenaers, Bart] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Behav Ecol & Evolutionary Genet, Eberhard Gwinner Str, D-82319 Seewiesen, Germany. [Dokter, Adriaan M. .] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosystem Dynam, Computat Geo Ecol, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Dondua, Alexei G.] Gatchinskaya,Apartment 27, St Petersburg 197198, Russia. [Kosztolanyi, Andras] Univ Vet Med Budapest, Dept Ecol, Rottenbiller U 50, H-1077 Budapest, Hungary. [Kosztolanyi, Andras; Vincze, Orsolya] Univ Debrecen, Dept Evolutionary Zool, MTA DE Lendulet Behav Ecol Res Grp, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary. [Rutten, Anne L.] Apiloa GmbH, D-82319 Starnberg, Germany. [Helm, Barbara] Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Graham Kerr Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Sandercock, Brett K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, 116 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Casler, Bruce] POB 1094, Fallon, NV 89407 USA. [Ens, Bruno J.] Sovon Dutch Ctr Field Ornithol, Coastal Ecol Team, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands. [Spiegel, Caleb S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, 300 Westgate Ctr Dr, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. [Hassell, Chris J.] Global Flyway Network, POB 3089, Broome, Western Austral 6725, Australia. [Kuepper, Clemens] Graz Univ, Inst Zool, Univ Pl 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Minton, Clive] Victorian Wader Study Grp, 165 Dalgetty Rd, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Burgas, Daniel] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, POB 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Burgas, Daniel] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Lank, David B.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Payer, David C.] Natl Pk Serv, Alaska Reg, 240 W 5th Ave, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Loktionov, Egor Y.] Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ, State Lab Photon Energet, 2nd Baumanskaya St,5-1, Moscow 105005, Russia. [Nol, Erica] Trent Univ, Biol Dept, 2140 East Bank Dr, Peterborough K9L 0G2, ON, Canada. [Kwon, Eunbi] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Smith, Fletcher] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, POB 8795, Williamsburg, VA USA. [Smith, Fletcher] Coll William & Mary, Ctr Conservat Biol, POB 8795, Williamsburg, VA USA. [Gates, H. River] Pacific Ecol Serv, 17520 Snow Crest Lane, Anchorage, AK 99516 USA. [Gates, H. River; Johnson, James A.; Lanctot, Richard B. .; Saalfeld, Sarah T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, 1011 East Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Gates, H. River; Brown, Stephen C. .] Shorebird Recovery Program, POB 545, Saxtons River, VT 05154 USA. [Vitnerova, Hana] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Albertov 6, Prague 12843, Czech Republic. [Prueter, Hanna] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Wildlife Dis, Alfred Kowalke Str 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany. [St Clair, James J. H.] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Biodivers Lab, Bath BA1 7AY, Avon, England. [St Clair, James J. H.] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Evolutionary Biol, Sch Biol, Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Austral 6009, Australia. [Lamarre, Jean-Francois; Bety, Joel] Univ Quebe Rimouski, Dept Biol Chim & Geographie, 300 Alle Ursulines, Rimouski G5L 3A1, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada. [Lamarre, Jean-Francois; Bety, Joel] Univ Quebe Rimouski, CEN, 300 Alle Ursulines, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada. [Rausch, Jennie; Woodard, Paul F.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, POB 2310,5019-52nd St,4th Floor, Yellowknife X1A 2P7, NT, Canada. [Reneerkens, Jeroen; Conklin, Jesse R. .; Hooijmeijer, Jos C. . E. . W.; Senner, Nathan; Piersma, Theunis] Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci, Conservat Ecol Grp, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. [Burger, Joanna] Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, 604-Allison Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Liebezeit, Joe] Audubon Soc Portland, 5151 NW Cornell Rd, Portland, OR 97210 USA. [Coleman, Jonathan T.] Queensland Wader Study Grp, 22 Parker St, Brisbane, Qld 4128, Australia. [Figuerola, Jordi] CSIC, Donana Biol Stn, Dept Wetland Ecol, Ave Amer Vespucio,S-N, Seville 41092, Spain. [Alves, Jose A.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Biol, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies CESAM, Campus Santiago, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Alves, Jose A.] Univ Iceland, South Iceland Res Ctr, IS-800 Fjolheimar, Selfoss, Iceland. [Smith, Joseph A. M. .] LJ Niles Associates, POB 784, Cape May, NJ 08204 USA. [Weidinger, Karel; Praus, Libor] Palacky Univ, Dept Zool & Lab Ornithol, 17 Listopadu 50, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic. [Koivula, Kari; Ronka, Nelli; Pakanen, Veli-Matti] Univ Oulu, Dept Ecol, POB 3000, Oulu 90014, Finland. [Gosbell, Ken] Australasian Wader Studies Grp, 1-19 Baldwin Rd, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Exo, Klaus-Michael] Inst Avian Res, Vogelwarte Helgoland, Vogelwarte 21, D-26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Niles, Larry] LJ Niles Associates, 109 Market Lane, Greenwich, CT 08323 USA. [Koloski, Laura] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci, 1600 West Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K0L 0G2, Canada. [McKinnon, Laura] York Univ Glendon Campus, Bilingual Biol Program, 2275 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N 3M6, Canada. [Klaassen, Marcel] Deakin Univ, Ctr Integrat Ecol, 75 Pigdons Rd, Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia. [Giroux, Marie-Andree] Univ Quebec Rimouski, Canada Res Northern Biodivers, 300,Allee Ursulines, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A8, Canada. [Giroux, Marie-Andree] Univ Quebec Rimouski, Ctr Etudes Nord, 300,Allee Ursulines, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A8, Canada. [Giroux, Marie-Andree; Lecomte, Nicolas] Univ Moncton, Canada Res Polar & Boreal Ecol, 18 Ave Antonine Maillet, Moncton, NB E4K 1A6, Canada. [Giroux, Marie-Andree; Lecomte, Nicolas] Univ Moncton, Ctr Etudes Nord, 18 Ave Antonine Maillet, Moncton, NB E4K 1A6, Canada. [Sladecek, Martin; Salek, Miroslav] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Environm Sci, Kamyck 1176, Prague 16521, Czech Republic. [Boldenow, Megan L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, POB 756100, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Goldstein, Michael I.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Alaska Coastal Rainforest Ctr, 11120 Glacier Hwy, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Senner, Nathan] Cornell Lab Ornithol, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Gilg, Olivier] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Equipe Ecol Evolut, UMR Biogeosci 6282, 6 Bd Gabriel, F-21000 Dijon, France. [Gilg, Olivier] Grp Rech Ecol Arct, 16 Rue Vernot, F-21440 Francheville, France. [Vincze, Orsolya] Babes Bolyai Univ, Hungarian Dept Biol & Ecol, Evolutionary Ecol Grp, Clinicilor 5-7, RO-400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Johnson, Oscar W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Smith, Paul A.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Wildlife Res Div, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. [Tomkovich, Pavel S.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Zool Museum, Bolshaya Nikitskaya St 6, Moscow 125009, Russia. [Battley, Phil F.] Massey Univ, Inst Agr Environm, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Bentzen, Rebecca] Arctic Beringia Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, 925 Schloesser Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Porter, Ron] Delaware Bay Shorebird Project, Ambler, PA 19002 USA. [Freeman, Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arctic Natl Wildlife Refuge, 101 12th Ave, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Yezerinac, Stephen] Fieldday Consulting, Surrey, BC V4N 6M5, Canada. [Szekely, Tamas] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Milner Ctr Evolut, Claverton, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Montalvo, Tomas] Agencia Salut Publ Barcelona, Serv Vigilancia & Control Plagues Urbanes, Ave Princep Asturies 63, Barcelona 8012, Spain. [Piersma, Theunis] NIOZ Royal Netherlands, Inst Sea Res, Dept Coastal Syst, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands. [Piersma, Theunis] Univ Utrecht, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands. [Loverti, Vanessa] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird & Habitat Program, 911 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Tijsen, Wim] Poelweg 12, NL-1778 KB Westerland, Netherlands. RP Bulla, M; Kempenaers, B (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Behav Ecol & Evolutionary Genet, Eberhard Gwinner Str, D-82319 Seewiesen, Germany. EM bulla.mar@gmail.com; b.kempenaers@orn.mpg.de RI Kosztolanyi, Andras/B-8008-2016; Pakanen, Veli-Matti/L-8134-2015; GILG, Olivier/C-2588-2008; Figuerola, Jordi/B-7917-2008; CESAM, UA/M-3762-2015; OI Kosztolanyi, Andras/0000-0002-9109-5871; GILG, Olivier/0000-0002-9083-4492; Figuerola, Jordi/0000-0002-4664-9011; Reneerkens, Jeroen/0000-0003-0674-8143; Alves, Jose/0000-0001-7182-0936 FU Max Planck Society FX We thank all that made the data collection possible. We are grateful to W. Schwartz, E. Schlicht, W. Forstmeier, M. Baldwin, H. Fried Petersen, D. Starr-Glass and B. Bulla for comments on the manuscript and to F. Korner-Nievergelt, J. D. Hadfield, L. Z. Garamszegi, S. Nakagawa, T. Roth, N. Dochtermann, Y. Araya, E. Miller and H. Schielzeth for advice on data analysis. Data collection was supported by various institutions and people listed in supplementary data 1 at https://osf.io/sq8gk (ref. 16). The study was supported by the Max Planck Society (to B.K.). M.B. is a PhD student in the International Max Planck Research School for Organismal Biology. NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 95 U2 95 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 540 IS 7631 BP 109 EP + DI 10.1038/nature20563 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ED5UA UT WOS:000388916600058 PM 27880762 ER PT J AU Reynolds, RL Munson, SM Fernandez, D Goldstein, HL Neff, JC AF Reynolds, Richard L. Munson, Seth M. Fernandez, Daniel Goldstein, Harland L. Neff, Jason C. TI Concentrations of mineral aerosol from desert to plains across the central Rocky Mountains, western United States SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Desert dust; Air pollution; Mineral aerosols; Total suspended particulates (TSP); Western North America ID 2002 DUST STORM; CANARY-ISLANDS; NORTH-AMERICA; AIR-QUALITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; AEOLIAN DUST; DEPOSITION; EVENTS; USA; TRANSPORT AB Mineral dusts can have profound effects on climate, clouds, ecosystem processes, and human health. Because regional dust emission and deposition in western North America are not well understood, measurements of total suspended particulate (TSP) from 2011 to 2013 were made along a 500-km transect of five remote sites in Utah and Colorado, USA. The TSP concentrations in mu g m(-3) adjusted to a 24-h period were relatively high at the two westernmost, dryland sites at Canyonlands National Park (mean = 135) and at Mesa Verde National Park (mean = 99), as well as at the easternmost site on the Great Plains (mean = 143). The TSP concentrations at the two intervening montane sites were less, with more loading on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains (Telluride, mean = 68) closest to the desert sites compared with the site on the eastern slope (Niwot Ridge, mean = 58). Dust concentrations were commonly highest during late winter-late spring, when Pacific frontal storms are the dominant causes of regional wind. Low concentrations (<7 wt%) of organic matter indicated that rock-derived mineral particles composed most TSP. Most TSP mass was carried by particle sizes larger than 10 mu m (PM>10), as revealed by relatively low average daily concentrations of fine (<5 mu g m(-3); PM2.5) and coarse (<10 mu g m(-3); PM2.5-10) fractions monitored at or near four sites. Standard air-quality measurements for PM2.5 and PM10 apparently do not capture the large majority of mineral-particulate pollution in the remote western interior U.S. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reynolds, Richard L.; Goldstein, Harland L.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Reynolds, Richard L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Munson, Seth M.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Fernandez, Daniel] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, UCB 399, Boulder, CO USA. [Neff, Jason C.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, UCB 397, Boulder, CO USA. RP Reynolds, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM rreynolds@usgs.gov OI Goldstein, Harland/0000-0002-6092-8818 FU San Miguel County Department of Public Health at the TEL site; University of Colorado Mountain Research Station at the NIW site; U.S.G.S. FX We thank Corey Lawrence, Paul Jewell, and two anonymous referees for improving the manuscript and Paco VanSistene for preparing Fig. 1. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the U.S. National Park Service (NPS) including Joe Carlson, Kevin Moore, and Lofton Wiley at Canyonlands National Park, George San Miguel and Paul Bohmann at Mesa Verde National Park, and Mark Miller for access and permissions. We are further grateful for the support by Mark Lindquist at the SGS site, the San Miguel County Department of Public Health at the TEL site, and the University of Colorado Mountain Research Station at the NIW site. Rich Sutton and Rian Bogle (both U.S. Geological Survey) were responsible for creating the record of dust storms from satellite retrievals. Frank Urban (USGS) provided remote digital camera images of atmospheric dust at the CNP and MVNP sites and at other locations that enabled direct observations of regionally widespread dust. Chris Landry (Colorado Snow and Avalanche Center) kindly provided samples of dust-on-snow. Access to IMPROVE data at http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/ is gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by the Climate and Land-Use Change and the Status and Trends Programs of the U.S.G.S. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this article is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 EI 2212-1684 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 23 BP 21 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.09.001 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA ED8ZI UT WOS:000389159200003 ER PT J AU Robinson, OJ McGowan, CP Apodaca, JJ AF Robinson, O. J. McGowan, C. P. Apodaca, J. J. TI Decision analysis for habitat conservation of an endangered, range-limited salamander SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE applied landscape genetics; habitat conservation; Phaeognathus hubrichti; Red Hills salamander; structured decision making; decision analysis; conservation planning; stakeholders ID RED HILLS SALAMANDER; PHAEOGNATHUS-HUBRICHTI; MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY; OBJECTIVES; SELECTION AB Many species of conservation concern are habitat limited and often a major focus of management for these species is habitat acquisition and/or restoration. Deciding the location of habitat restoration or acquisition to best benefit a protected species can be a complicated subject with competing management objectives, ecological uncertainties and stochasticity. Structured decision making (SDM) could be a useful approach for explicitly incorporating those complexities while still working toward species conservation and/or recovery. We applied an SDM approach to Red Hills salamander Phaeognathus hubrichti habitat conservation decision making. Phaeognathus hubrichti is a severely range-limited endemic species in south central Alabama and has highly specific habitat requirements. Many known populations live on private lands and the primary mode of habitat protection is habitat conservation planning, but such plans are non-binding and not permanent. Working with stakeholders, we developed an objectives hierarchy linking land acquisition or protection actions to fundamental objectives. We built a model to assess and compare the quality of the habitat in the known range of P. hubrichti. Our model evaluated key habitat attributes of 5814 pixels of 1 km(2) each and ranked the pixels from best to worst with respect to P. hubrichti habitat requirements. Our results are a spatially explicit valuation of each pixel, with respect to its probable benefit to P. hubrichti populations. The results of this effort will be used to rank pixels from most to least beneficial, then identify land owners in the most useful areas for salamanders who are willing to sell or enter into a permanent easement agreement. C1 [Robinson, O. J.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McGowan, C. P.] Auburn Univ, US Geol Survey, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Apodaca, J. J.] Warren Wilson Coll, Asheville, NC USA. RP Robinson, OJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ojr0001@auburn.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 19 IS 6 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1111/acv.12275 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED2ZI UT WOS:000388718400013 ER PT J AU Erhardt, JM Tiffan, KF AF Erhardt, John M. Tiffan, Kenneth F. TI Ecology of nonnative Siberian prawn (Palaemon modestus) in the lower Snake River, Washington, USA SO AQUATIC ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Abundance; Distribution; Freshwater shrimp; Zero-inflation modeling; Reproduction ID FRESH-WATER PRAWN; SWIMMING RESPONSE; CARIDEAN SHRIMPS; UNITED-STATES; SALMON; DECAPODA; GROWTH; LAKE; REPRODUCTION; ABUNDANCE AB We assessed the abundance, distribution, and ecology of the nonnative Siberian prawn Palaemon modestus in the lower Snake River, Washington, USA. Analysis of prawn passage abundance at three Snake River dams showed that populations are growing at exponential rates, especially at Little Goose Dam where over 464,000 prawns were collected in 2015. Monthly beam trawling during 2011-2013 provided information on prawn abundance and distribution in Lower Granite and Little Goose Reservoirs. Zero-inflated regression predicted that the probability of prawn presence increased with decreasing water velocity and increasing depth. Negative binomial models predicted higher catch rates of prawns in deeper water and in closer proximity to dams. Temporally, prawn densities decreased slightly in the summer, likely due to the mortality of older individuals, and then increased in autumn and winter with the emergence and recruitment of young of the year. Seasonal length frequencies showed that distinct juvenile and adult size classes exist throughout the year, suggesting prawns live from 1 to 2 years and may be able to reproduce multiple times during their life. Most juvenile prawns become reproductive adults in 1 year, and peak reproduction occurs from late July through October. Mean fecundity (189 eggs) and reproductive output (11.9 %) are similar to that in their native range. The current use of deep habitats by prawns likely makes them unavailable to most predators in the reservoirs. The distribution and role of Siberian prawns in the lower Snake River food web will probably continue to change as the population grows and warrants continued monitoring and investigation. C1 [Erhardt, John M.; Tiffan, Kenneth F.] Western Fisheries Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Cook, WA 98605 USA. RP Tiffan, KF (reprint author), Western Fisheries Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Cook, WA 98605 USA. EM ktiffan@usgs.gov FU Bonneville Power Administration [200203200] FX We thank our US Geological Survey colleagues, in particular Scott St. John, Tobyn Rhodes, Brad Bickford, and Amanda Schmidt, whose efforts contributed to this study. Smolt monitoring personnel at Lower Granite and Little Goose dams provided data on prawn passage abundance. The constructive comments by anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. This study was funded by the Bonneville Power Administration, Project 200203200, and administered by Debbie Docherty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-2588 EI 1573-5125 J9 AQUAT ECOL JI Aquat. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 50 IS 4 BP 607 EP 621 DI 10.1007/s10452-016-9581-4 PG 15 WC Ecology; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB5NX UT WOS:000387422500001 ER PT J AU Hough, SE Page, M AF Hough, Susan E. Page, Morgan TI Potentially Induced Earthquakes during the Early Twentieth Century in the Los Angeles Basin SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INTENSITY DISTRIBUTIONS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; GROUND MOTION; SEISMICITY; INJECTION; INGLEWOOD; BEACH; FEEL AB Recent studies have presented evidence that early to mid-twentieth-century earthquakes in Oklahoma and Texas were likely induced by fossil fuel production and/ or injection of wastewater (Hough and Page, 2015; Frohlich et al., 2016). Considering seismicity from 1935 onward, Hauksson et al. (2015) concluded that there is no evidence for significant induced activity in the greater Los Angeles region between 1935 and the present. To explore a possible association between earthquakes prior to 1935 and oil and gas production, we first revisit the historical catalog and then review contemporary oil industry activities. Although early industry activities did not induce large numbers of earthquakes, we present evidence for an association between the initial oil boom in the greater Los Angeles area and earthquakes between 1915 and 1932, including the damaging 22 June 1920 Inglewood and 8 July 1929 Whittier earthquakes. We further consider whether the 1933 M-w 6.4 Long Beach earthquake might have been induced, and show some evidence that points to a causative relationship between the earthquake and activities in the Huntington Beach oil field. The hypothesis that the Long Beach earthquake was either induced or triggered by an foreshock cannot be ruled out. Our results suggest that significant earthquakes in southern California during the early twentieth century might have been associated with industry practices that are no longer employed (i.e., production without water reinjection), and do not necessarily imply a high likelihood of induced earthquakes at the present time. C1 [Hough, Susan E.; Page, Morgan] US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. RP Hough, SE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. EM hough@usgs.gov NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2419 EP 2435 DI 10.1785/0120160157 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300001 ER PT J AU Greenwood, ML Woolery, EW Van Arsdale, RB Stephenson, WJ Patterson, GL AF Greenwood, Matthew L. Woolery, Edward W. Van Arsdale, Roy B. Stephenson, William J. Patterson, Gary L. TI Continuity of the Reelfoot Fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely Faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; QUATERNARY DEFORMATION; SLIP RATE; EARTHQUAKES; TENNESSEE; GEOMETRY; RIFT; DISPLACEMENT; EXTENSION AB Previous investigators have argued that the northwest-striking Reelfoot fault of northwest Tennessee and southeastern Missouri is segmented. One segment boundary is at the intersection of the northeast-striking Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely strike-slip faults with the Reelfoot fault. We use seismic reflection and geologic mapping to locate and determine the history of the Reelfoot South fault across this boundary zone. One reflection profile revealed a southwest-dipping (81 degrees) Reelfoot South reverse fault that displaces the top of the Paleozoic 65 m, Cretaceous 40 m, Paleocene 31 m, Eocene Wilcox Group 20 m, and Eocene Memphis Sand 16 m. A second reflection profile reveals a north-dipping (84 degrees) reverse fault 4.3 km south of the Reelfoot South fault, which defines the southwest margin of the Tiptonville dome. A geologic profile of the base of the similar to 3.1 Ma Upland complex (Mississippi River terrace alluvium) within the Mississippi River bluffs reveals similar to 6 m of displacement across the Reelfoot South fault. Similarly, Quaternary stream terrace distribution suggests similar to 6 m of Reelfoot South hanging-wall (Tiptonville dome) uplift that is probably Holocene. Fault strike trends show the Reelfoot fault and its hanging-wall Tiptonville dome are not laterally offset across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults. The Reelfoot South fault northwest and southeast of the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults has very similar vertical displacement on common stratigraphic marker horizons in the upper 900 m. These data indicate the Reelfoot fault/Tiptonville dome has acted as one continuous fault zone across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults since Late Cretaceous. C1 [Greenwood, Matthew L.; Van Arsdale, Roy B.] Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, 1 Johnson Hall, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Woolery, Edward W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 101 Slone Res Bldg, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Stephenson, William J.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Patterson, Gary L.] Univ Memphis, Ctr Earthquake Res & Informat, 3890 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Greenwood, ML (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, 1 Johnson Hall, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM mlgrnwod@memphis.edu; ewoolery@uky.edu; rvanrsdl@memphis.edu; wstephens@usgs.gov; glpttrsn@memphis.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Department of the Interior, under USGS Award [G14AP00013, G14AP00014] FX We wish to thank Steve Parks for allowing us to conduct work on his property. We also wish to thank Randel Cox, Robert Williams, and anonymous reviewers. Research supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Department of the Interior, under USGS Award Numbers G14AP00013 and G14AP00014. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2674 EP 2685 DI 10.1785/0120150290 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300021 ER PT J AU Catchings, RD Goldman, MR Li, YG Chan, JH AF Catchings, R. D. Goldman, M. R. Li, Y. -G. Chan, J. H. TI Continuity of the West Napa-Franklin Fault Zone Inferred from Guided Waves Generated by Earthquakes Following the 24 August 2014 M-w 6.0 South Napa Earthquake SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; TRAPPED WAVES; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; LOMA-PRIETA; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; SEISMIC HAZARD; LOS-ANGELES; V-P; PARKFIELD; VALLEY AB We measure peak ground velocities from fault-zone guided waves (FZGWs), generated by on-fault earthquakes associated with the 24 August 2014 M-w 6.0 South Napa earthquake. The data were recorded on three arrays deployed across north and south of the 2014 surface rupture. The observed FZGWs indicate that the West Napa fault zone (WNFZ) and the Franklin fault (FF) are continuous in the subsurface for at least 75 km. Previously published potential-field data indicate that the WNFZ extends northward to the Maacama fault (MF), and previous geologic mapping indicates that the FF extends southward to the Calaveras fault (CF); this suggests a total length of at least 110 km for the WNFZ-FF. Because the WNFZ-FF appears contiguous with the MF and CF, these faults apparently form a continuous Calaveras-Franklin-WNFZ-Maacama (CFWM) fault that is second only in length (similar to 300 km) to the San Andreas fault in the San Francisco Bay area. The long distances over which we observe FZGWs, coupled with their high amplitudes (2-10 times the S waves) suggest that strong shaking from large earthquakes on any part of the CFWM fault may cause far-field amplified fault-zone shaking. We interpret guided waves and seismicity cross sections to indicate multiple upper crustal splays of the WNFZ-FF, including a northward extension of the Southhampton fault, which may cause strong shaking in the Napa Valley and the Vallejo area. Based on travel times from each earthquake to each recording array, we estimate average P-, S-, and guided-wave velocities within the WNFZ-FF (4.8-5.7, 2.2-3.2, and 1.1-2.8 km/s, respectively), with FZGW velocities ranging from 58% to 93% of the average S-wave velocities. C1 [Catchings, R. D.; Goldman, M. R.; Chan, J. H.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Li, Y. -G.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Zumberge Hall Sci,3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Catchings, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM catching@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1261681]; Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Hazards Program FX We thank the following individuals for assisting in acquiring the data used in this study: Coyn Criley, Ryan Fay, L. Fay, Uyanga Ganbaatar, George Slad, and Joe Svitek. The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) provided the seismic instruments through the Program for the Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL) Instrument Center at New Mexico Tech. Data collected are available through the IRIS Data Management Center (DMC). The facilities of the IRIS Consortium are supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Cooperative Agreement EAR-1261681 and the Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Hazards Program provided partial funding for the study. We thank Martin Pehl and the Napa County Airport for allowing us to work from their facilities, and we thank Julie Arbuckle for access to her property. Reviews by Brad Aagaard, John Evans, and Vicki Langenheim are greatly appreciated. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2721 EP 2746 DI 10.1785/0120160154 PG 26 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300025 ER PT J AU Li, YG Catchings, RD Goldman, MR AF Li, Yong-Gang Catchings, Rufus D. Goldman, Mark R. TI Subsurface Fault Damage Zone of the 2014 M-w 6.0 South Napa, California, Earthquake Viewed from Fault-Zone Trapped Waves SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; GUIDED-WAVES; LANDERS FAULT; PARKFIELD; FRICTION; RECORDS; VALLEY; FIELD AB The aftershocks of the 24 August 2014 M-w 6.0 South Napa earthquake generated prominent fault-zone trapped waves (FZTWs) that were recorded on two 1.9-km-long seismic arrays deployed across the northern projection (array 1, A1) and the southern part (A2) of the surface rupture of the West Napa fault zone (WNFZ). We also observed FZTWs on an array (A3) deployed across the intersection of the Franklin and Southampton faults, which appear to be the southward continuations of the WNFZ. A1, A2, and A3 consisted of 20, 20, and 10 L28 (4.5 Hz) three-component seismographs. We analyzed waveforms of FZTWs from 55 aftershocks in both time and frequency to characterize the fault damage zone associated with this M-w 6.0 earthquake. Post-S coda durations of FZTWs increase with epicentral distances and focal depths from the recording arrays, suggesting a low-velocity waveguide along the WNFZ to depths in excess of 5-7 km. Locations of the aftershocks showing FZTWs, combined with 3D finite-difference simulations, suggest the subsurface rupture zone having an S-wave speed reduction of similar to 40%-50% between A1 and A2, coincident with the similar to 14-km-long mapped surface rupture zone and at least an similar to 500-m-wide deformation zone. The low-velocity waveguide along the WNFZ extends further southward to at least A3, but with a more moderate-velocity reduction of 30%-35% at ray depth. This last FZTW observation suggests continuity between the WNFZ and Franklin fault. The waveguide effect may have localized and amplified ground shaking along the WNFZ and the faults farther to the south (see a companion paper by Catchings et al., 2016). C1 [Li, Yong-Gang] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Catchings, Rufus D.; Goldman, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Li, YG (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM ygli@usc.edu FU Southern California Earthquake Center's Award [15195, 6168]; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX This study was supported by the Southern California Earthquake Center's Award 15195 (Contribution Number 6168). Funding and support for data acquisition was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and we wish to thank Joanne Chan, Coyn Criley, Jemile Erdem, Gary Fuis, Uyanga Ganbaatar, Ryan Fay, Wesley Fay, Michael Rymer, George Slad, Carolyn Stieben, and Joseph Svitek. We thank Walter Money, John Evans, and Brad Aagaard of USGS, an anonymous reviewer, and Associated Editor Raul Castro for providing helpful reviews. Seismographs and sensors used to acquire the data, which were provided by Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS)-Program for the Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere. We acknowledge Steve Azevedo of the IRIS Data Management Center for his help in converting the Seismic Analysis Code (SAC)-formatted data. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2747 EP 2763 DI 10.1785/0120160039 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300026 ER PT J AU Beeler, NM Di Toro, G Nielsen, S AF Beeler, N. M. Di Toro, Giulio Nielsen, Stefan TI Earthquake Source Properties from Pseudotachylite SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES; SAN-ANDREAS SYSTEM; WEAKENING FRICTION; APPARENT STRESS; FAULT ZONE; BRITTLE DEFORMATION; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; DEEP EARTHQUAKES; MELT LUBRICATION; FLUID PRESSURE AB Earthquake-radiated motions contain information that can be interpreted as source displacement and therefore related to stress drop. Except in a few notable cases, these displacements cannot be easily related to the absolute stress level or the fault strength, or attributed to a particular physical mechanism. In contrast, paleoearthquakes recorded by exhumed pseudotachylite have a known dynamic mechanism whose properties constrain the coseismic fault strength. Pseudotachylite can be used to directly address a discrepancy between seismologically measured stress drops, which are typically a few MPa, and much larger dynamic stress drops expected from thermal weakening during slip at seismic speeds in crystalline rock (Mckenzie and Brune, 1972; Sibson, 1973; Lachenbruch, 1980; Mase and Smith, 1987; Rice, 2006), and as have been observed in laboratory experiments at high slip rates (Di Toro, Hirose, Nielsen, Pennacchioni, et al., 2006). This places pseudotachylite-derived estimates of fault strength and inferred crustal stress within the context and bounds of naturally observed earthquake source parameters: apparent stress, stress drop, and overshoot, including consideration of fault-surface roughness, off-fault damage, fracture energy, and the strength excess. The analysis, which assumes stress drop is related to corner frequency as in the Madariaga (1976) source model, is restricted to earthquakes of the Gole Larghe fault zone in the Italian Alps, where the dynamic shear strength is well constrained by field and laboratory measurements. We find that radiated energy is similar to or exceeds the shear-generated heat and that the maximum strength excess is similar to 16 MPa. These events have inferred earthquake source parameters that are rare, for instance, a low percentage of the global earthquake population has stress drops as large, unless fracture energy is routinely greater than in existing models, pseudotachylite is not representative of the shear strength during the earthquake that generated it, or the strength excess is larger than we have allowed. C1 [Beeler, N. M.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Observ, 1300 Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Di Toro, Giulio] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Nielsen, Stefan] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Beeler, NM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Observ, 1300 Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. FU European Union European Research Council Project "Uncovering the Secrets of an Earthquake: Multidisciplinary Study of Physico-Chemical Processes During the Seismic Cycle" [205172]; European Research Council [614705] FX This article was greatly improved by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) internal reviews of Annemarie Baltay and Greg McLaskey, and particularly by journal reviews from Emily Brodsky and Virginia Toy. N. M. B. thanks Art McGarr, Alan Rempel, Tom Hanks, Annemarie Baltay, Eric Dunham, Yoshi Kaneko, and Rachel Abercrombie for guidance in understanding shear melting and empirical, model-dependent, and theoretical limits on earthquake source properties. Much of the analysis was developed for an experimental study of shear melting with David Lockner, Diane Moore, and Brian Kilgore. Funding for G. D. T., S. N., and N. M. B. was provided by European Union European Research Council Project 205172, "Uncovering the Secrets of an Earthquake: Multidisciplinary Study of Physico-Chemical Processes During the Seismic Cycle," and European Research Council Project 614705, "New Outlook on seismic faults: From Earthquake nucleation to arrest". NR 101 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2764 EP 2776 DI 10.1785/0120150344 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300027 ER PT J AU Evans, JR Kozak, JT Jedlicka, P AF Evans, John R. Kozak, Jan T. Jedlicka, Petr TI Developments in New Fluid Rotational Seismometers: Instrument Performance and Future Directions SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GROUND MOTIONS; SPECIAL-ISSUE; SENSORS; SEISMOLOGY; EXPLOSIONS; TAIWAN; NOISE AB In this article we describe prototype designs and tests for low-cost rotational medium-and strong-motion seismometers using three types of proof mass (two liquid and one solid) and a number of transducer configurations. This article describes the third set of designs and tests in our development program. The details of our results for most of these are in the sic electronic supplement to this article, whereas here we concentrate on three of the most promising and representative design combinations. Most of our results pertain to sensors with water or silicon oil as the proof mass, though we also tested a torsion-bar design with a solid proof mass. We find that most mass-transducer combinations lead to output proportional to rotational acceleration, with varying degrees of fidelity. Most combinations we tested can be dismissed from further development for reasons of performance or inconvenience during analysis of acceleration response (compare with sic electronic supplement). In this article, we describe three of the more promising combinations, one each for the three types of response functions we measured. Of these three, one mass-transducer combination in particular (a hinged sensing element and capacitive transduction) has output voltage closely proportional to rotational displacement (angle) over a wide frequency range; such displacement proportionality obviates two of the integration steps normally required to solve for continuum single-point motions or correct for tilt-induced errors in horizontal translational sensors. Thus, although we illustrate two other designs of some promise, we propose a new design that follows this displacement-proportional path while increasing the device's sensitivity to on-axis rotations, improving its manufacturing ease and lowering its sensitivity to translational motions. C1 [Evans, John R.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Kozak, Jan T.; Jedlicka, Petr] Czech Natl Acad, Inst Geophys, Prague 14131 4, Czech Republic. RP Evans, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM jrevans@usgs.gov; kozak@ig.cas.cz; jepe@ig.cas.cz FU American Science Information Center (AMVIS) award of Czech-U.S. [ME10008]; Fulbright Specialist Program; Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); [6249] FX Funded by the American Science Information Center (AMVIS) award of Czech-U.S. Grant ME10008 (J. K. and P. J.), the Fulbright Specialist Program and its staff in the United States and the Czech Republic (Grant 6249; J. R. E.), the Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; for all testing facilities), and the USGS Earthquake Hazards Program for salary (J. R. E.). We thank Bob Hutt, Krzysztof Teisseyre, and two anonymous reviewers for very helpful reviews that greatly improved this article. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2865 EP 2876 DI 10.1785/0120150265 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED6BG UT WOS:000388938300036 ER PT J AU Glitzenstein, JS Gustafson, DJ Stowe, JP Streng, DR Bridgman, DA Fill, JM Ayers, JT AF Glitzenstein, Jeff S. Gustafson, Danny J. Stowe, Johnny P. Streng, Donna R. Bridgman, D. Allen, Jr. Fill, Jennifer M. Ayers, Jason T. TI Starting a New Population of Schwalbea americana on a Longleaf Pine Restoration Site in South Carolina SO CASTANEA LA English DT Article DE American chaffseed; federally endangered; longleaf pine flatwoods; population establishment; rare plant; success criteria; survival curve ID SCROPHULARIACEAE AB A new population of federally endangered Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed) was initiated at the state of South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Woods Bay Heritage Preserve, near Turbeville, South Carolina, in 2013-14. Based on improved survival over time, growth to maturity, evidence of reproduction, and size structure similar to that of a nearby natural population, we suggest that the new population has met the initial criteria for success. Persistence and growth of the population will depend on appropriate management in the form of prescribed fire or fire surrogates and, if necessary, continued demographic enhancement in the form of additional plantings. C1 [Glitzenstein, Jeff S.; Streng, Donna R.] Tall Timbers Res Stn, 13093 Henry Beadel Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. [Gustafson, Danny J.] The Citadel, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [Stowe, Johnny P.; Bridgman, D. Allen, Jr.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, POB 23205, Columbia, SC 29224 USA. [Fill, Jennifer M.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Ayers, Jason T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, South Carolina Field Off, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. RP Glitzenstein, JS (reprint author), Tall Timbers Res Stn, 13093 Henry Beadel Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. EM jeffglitz@aol.com FU US Fish and Wildlife Service Coastal Program in South Carolina; South Carolina Department of Natural Resources FX We thank Sharon Hermann, Kate Fuller, Jay Kelly, Ann Johnson, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, and Jay Kelly for his personal communication on the current status of the planted Schwalbea americana populations in New Jersey. We also thank Lamar Comalander for arranging access for seed collections, and Hope Mizzell and Wes Tyler for climate data. Financial support was provided by US Fish and Wildlife Service Coastal Program in South Carolina and South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BOTANICAL SOC, NEWBERRY COLL PI NEWBERRY PA DEPT BIOLOGY, C/O CHARLES N HORN, SECRETARY-TREASURER, 2100 COLLEGE ST, NEWBERRY, SC 29108 USA SN 0008-7475 EI 1938-4386 J9 CASTANEA JI Castanea PD DEC PY 2016 VL 81 IS 4 BP 302 EP 313 DI 10.2179/16-089 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EE1DD UT WOS:000389320100006 ER PT J AU Wauthier, C Roman, DC Poland, MP AF Wauthier, Christelle Roman, Diana C. Poland, Michael P. TI Joint analysis of geodetic and earthquake fault-plane solution data to constrain magmatic sources: A case study from Kilauea Volcano SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Kilauea Volcano; radar interferometry; modeling; inversion; stress; fault-plane solutions ID ELASTIC HALF-SPACE; NEIGHBORHOOD ALGORITHM; GEOPHYSICAL INVERSION; DEFORMATION; SEISMICITY; STRESS; ERUPTION; HAWAII; SWARMS; MODEL AB A joint analysis of geodetic and seismic datasets from Kilauea Volcano during a period of magmatic unrest in 2006 demonstrates the effectiveness of this combination for testing and constraining models of magma dynamics for a complex, multi-source system. At the end of 2003, Kilauea's summit began a four-year-long period of inflation due to a surge in magma supply to the volcano. In 2006, for the first time since 1982, Kilauea's Southwest Rift Zone (SWRZ) also experienced inflation. To investigate the characteristics of active magma sources and the nature of their interactions with faults in the SWRZ during 2006, we integrate, through Coulomb stress modeling, contemporary geodetic data from InSAR and GPS with a new catalogue of double-couple fault-plane solutions for volcano-tectonic earthquakes. We define two periods of inflation during 2006 based on the rate of deformation measured in daily GPS data, spanning February to 15 March 2006 (Period 1) and 16 March to 30 September 2006 (Period 2). InSAR data for these two periods are inverted to determine the position, change in size, and shape of inflation sources in each period. Our new models are consistent with microseismic activity from each period. They suggest that, during Period 1, deformation in the SWRZ can be explained by pressurization of magma in a spherical reservoir beneath the south caldera, and that, during Period 2, magma was also aseismically intruded farther to the southwest into the SWRZ along a sub-horizontal plane. Our Coulomb stress analysis shows that the microseismicity recorded in the SWRZ is induced by overpressurization of the south caldera reservoir, and not by magma intrusion into the SWRZ. This study highlights the importance of a joint analysis of independent geophysical datasets to fully constrain the nature of magma accumulation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wauthier, Christelle] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wauthier, Christelle] Penn State Univ, Inst CyberSci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Roman, Diana C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Poland, Michael P.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Reston, VA USA. RP Wauthier, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cuw25@psu.edu NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 455 BP 38 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.09.011 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EA6KN UT WOS:000386738200005 ER PT J AU Stagg, CL Krauss, KW Cahoon, DR Cormier, N Conner, WH Swarzenski, CM AF Stagg, Camille L. Krauss, Ken W. Cahoon, Donald R. Cormier, Nicole Conner, William H. Swarzenski, Christopher M. TI Processes Contributing to Resilience of Coastal Wetlands to Sea-Level Rise SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE accretion; elevation change; oligohaline marsh; resilience; sea-level rise; tidal freshwater forested wetlands ID HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; SALT-MARSH; SEDIMENT ACCRETION; SURFACE ELEVATION; OLIGOHALINE MARSH; FOREST RETREAT; REGIME SHIFTS; WATER-LEVEL; SALINITY; GROWTH AB The objectives of this study were to identify processes that contribute to resilience of coastal wetlands subject to rising sea levels and to determine whether the relative contribution of these processes varies across different wetland community types. We assessed the resilience of wetlands to sea-level rise along a transitional gradient from tidal freshwater forested wetland (TFFW) to marsh by measuring processes controlling wetland elevation. We found that, over 5 years of measurement, TFFWs were resilient, although some marginally, and oligohaline marshes exhibited robust resilience to sea-level rise. We identified fundamental differences in how resilience is maintained across wetland community types, which have important implications for management activities that aim to restore or conserve resilient systems. We showed that the relative importance of surface and subsurface processes in controlling wetland surface elevation change differed between TFFWs and oligohaline marshes. The marshes had significantly higher rates of surface accretion than the TFFWs, and in the marshes, surface accretion was the primary contributor to elevation change. In contrast, elevation change in TFFWs was more heavily influenced by subsurface processes, such as root zone expansion or compaction, which played an important role in determining resilience of TFFWs to rising sea level. When root zone contributions were removed statistically from comparisons between relative sea-level rise and surface elevation change, sites that previously had elevation rate deficits showed a surplus. Therefore, assessments of wetland resilience that do not include subsurface processes will likely misjudge vulnerability to sea-level rise. C1 [Stagg, Camille L.; Krauss, Ken W.; Cormier, Nicole] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Cahoon, Donald R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC East,Bldg 308, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Conner, William H.] Clemson Univ, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Box 596 177 Hobcaw Rd Highway 17 North, Georgetown, SC 29440 USA. [Swarzenski, Christopher M.] US Geol Survey, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Sci Ctr, 3535 S Sherwood Forest Blvd,Suite 120, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA. RP Stagg, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. EM staggc@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey, Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [SCZ-1700424] FX We gratefully acknowledge the following for support: Waccamaw NWR, especially Craig Sasser; Savannah NWR for permission and logistic support, especially Russell Webb, Lindsay Coldiron, and Chuck Hayes; Jason Luquire, Lucille Pate, and Ranbat, LLC for permission to access their land; Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology for field support, especially Stephen Hutchinson, Brian Williams, and Jamie Duberstein. We thank Courtney Lee and James Lynch for figure development, and Lauren Leonpacher for editing. We also thank Michael Osland, James Lynch, Donald DeAngelis, and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and suggestions, which improved the manuscript. This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program, and was supported in part by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number SCZ-1700424 (salary, WHC). Technical Contribution No. 6377 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD DEC PY 2016 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1445 EP 1459 DI 10.1007/s10021-016-0015-x PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED5YC UT WOS:000388928800009 ER PT J AU Matechou, E Nicholls, GK Morgan, BJT Collazo, JA Lyons, JE AF Matechou, Eleni Nicholls, Geoff K. Morgan, Byron J. T. Collazo, Jaime A. Lyons, James E. TI Bayesian analysis of Jolly-Seber type models SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Capture-recapture-resight data sets; Integrated modelling; Mixture models; Reversible jump; Semipalmated sandpipers; Stopover data ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; POPULATION-SIZE; MIXTURE MODEL; HETEROGENEITY; SURVIVAL; PROBABILITY; LIKELIHOOD; SANDPIPERS; ABUNDANCE; DIMENSION AB We propose the use of finite mixtures of continuous distributions in modelling the process by which new individuals, that arrive in groups, become part of a wildlife population. We demonstrate this approach using a data set of migrating semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pussila) for which we extend existing stopover models to allow for individuals to have different behaviour in terms of their stopover duration at the site. We demonstrate the use of reversible jump MCMC methods to derive posterior distributions for the model parameters and the models, simultaneously. The algorithm moves between models with different numbers of arrival groups as well as between models with different numbers of behavioural groups. The approach is shown to provide new ecological insights about the stopover behaviour of semipalmated sandpipers but is generally applicable to any population in which animals arrive in groups and potentially exhibit heterogeneity in terms of one or more other processes. C1 [Matechou, Eleni; Morgan, Byron J. T.] Univ Kent, Sch Math Stat & Actuarial Sci, Canterbury, Kent, England. [Nicholls, Geoff K.] Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford, England. [Collazo, Jaime A.] North Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC USA. [Lyons, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Matechou, E (reprint author), Univ Kent, Sch Math Stat & Actuarial Sci, Canterbury, Kent, England. EM e.matechou@kent.ac.uk OI Matechou, Eleni/0000-0003-3626-844X NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1352-8505 EI 1573-3009 J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT JI Environ. Ecol. Stat. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 BP 531 EP 547 DI 10.1007/s10651-016-0352-0 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA EB5OM UT WOS:000387424200003 ER PT J AU Sabal, MC Huff, DD Henderson, MJ Fiechter, J Harding, JA Hayes, SA AF Sabal, Megan C. Huff, David D. Henderson, Mark J. Fiechter, Jerome Harding, Jeffrey A. Hayes, Sean A. TI Contrasting patterns in growth and survival of Central Valley fall run Chinook salmon related to hatchery and ocean conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Growth; Survival; Chinook salmon; California; Size-selective mortality; Density-dependence ID COLUMBIA RIVER PLUME; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; COHO ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; PRINCE-WILLIAM SOUND; MARINE SURVIVAL; JUVENILE SALMON; PINK SALMON; UPWELLING SYSTEM; SOCKEYE-SALMON AB The objective of this study was to determine important ocean and hatchery covariates influencing early growth and survival of Central Valley fall run Chinook salmon. We used a dataset of recaptured coded wire tagged hatchery Chinook salmon to estimate early growth and cohort survival. Ocean conditions during the period of early ocean entry were based on output from a coupled physical-biogeochemical model configured for the broader California Current region. We built generalized additive and generalized linear models to describe growth and survival and used Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) model selection to determine which hatchery and ocean covariates related best to response variables. With regards to hatchery covariates, growth was best explained by release location, while survival was best explained by release weight and hatchery of origin. The ocean conditions included in the best models for both growth and survival included diatoms, predatory zooplankton, temperature, and currents. We observed the highest rates of salmon survival when in situ physical ocean conditions were indicative of relaxation events. For all four ocean covariates, the response curves illustrated opposite patterns between growth and survival models. This result implies that during periods of low survival, juvenile salmon were either 1) growing at a faster rate, or 2) growth appeared to increase because smaller fish had a higher mortality rate than larger fish. The first explanation would imply density-dependence, whereas the second explanation would imply size-selective mortality. These alternatives have implications on hatchery practices including salmon size at release and number of salmon in release groups. C1 [Sabal, Megan C.; Henderson, Mark J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, CIMEC, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sabal, Megan C.; Henderson, Mark J.; Harding, Jeffrey A.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Huff, David D.] NOAA, Point Adams Res Stn, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, POB 155, Hammond, OR 97121 USA. [Fiechter, Jerome] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Hayes, Sean A.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Henderson, Mark J.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Calif Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Sabal, MC (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM msabal@ucsc.edu OI Huff, David/0000-0001-9061-7685 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FX The authors thank B. Wells for scientific insight, B. Lehman for extracting tags, the NW Fisheries Science Center and Fisheries and Ocean Canada for sharing data on tagged juvenile salmon, and Northwest Marine Technology for reading coded wire tags. This project would not have been possible without the efforts from current and past members of the salmon ecology team and crews of the vessels AR4 Jensen, Bell Shimada, Cassandra Anne, David Starr Jordan, Frosti, Irene's Way, Long Fin, Ocean Starr, Shana Rae, and Whitsel. Comments from four reviewers were valuable and greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the collection procedures were conducted under IACUC guidelines. NR 103 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 EI 1573-5133 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD DEC PY 2016 VL 99 IS 12 BP 949 EP 967 DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0536-3 PG 19 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED4OS UT WOS:000388829900004 ER PT J AU Reid, SB Goodman, DH AF Reid, Stewart B. Goodman, Damon H. TI Free-swimming speeds and behavior in adult Pacific Lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Migration; Boundary flow; Anguilliform; Locomotion; Management ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; SEA LAMPREY; SPAWNING MIGRATION; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; UPSTREAM MIGRATION; RIVER-BASIN; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; MOVEMENT; PORTUGAL AB Lampreys are extremely efficient anguilliform swimmers, well-designed for long-distance travel, although they are frequently characterized as poor swimmers when compared to salmonids. We examine free-swimming adult Pacific Lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, in a raceway environment to approximate swim speeds and behaviors that may occur in the natural environment. Lampreys (mean Body Length 59.2 +/- 3.0 cm, range 50-66 cm BL) traveled upstream at a mean groundspeed of 0.34 +/- 0.188 BL/s (n=126, range 0.01-0.79 BL/s). Swimming activity was strongly nocturnal. Observed speeds in the lower range may have been the result of swimming in midwater against faster currents, indirect paths or rest periods. Lampreys generally took advantage of lower near-bottom current velocities by swimming within 6 cm of the bottom, where currents were substantially lower. Equivalent swim speeds, without currents, would be 0.49 +/- 0.190 BL/s (range 0.17-0.96 BL/s). These speeds are in the high range of daily travel rates encountered in tagging studies of both Pacific Lamprey and Atlantic Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, but compare well when migration is limited to hours of darkness or tracking was continuous. Such rates suggest that, travelling only at night, lampreys would cover 1,000 km upriver in under four months. It is crucial that managers and designers incorporate the swimming capability, near-bottom association, utilization of boundary flow conditions, and nocturnal behavior of lampreys into their activities if we are to effectively manage in-stream facilities and conserve these key anadromous species. C1 [Reid, Stewart B.] Western Fishes, 2045 East Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Goodman, Damon H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata Fish & Wildlife Off, 1655 Heindon Rd, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Reid, SB (reprint author), Western Fishes, 2045 East Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. EM westernfishes@opendoor.com FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Region 8 FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Region 8. We are grateful to Scott Harris (California Department of Fish and Wildlife) who shared his familiarity with the facilities and provided field support and to PacificGas and Electric who operates the Van Arsdale Fish Ladder and facilities. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the USFWS. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 EI 1573-5133 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD DEC PY 2016 VL 99 IS 12 BP 969 EP 974 DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0537-2 PG 6 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED4OS UT WOS:000388829900005 ER PT J AU Ausband, DE Mitchell, MS Bassing, SB Morehouse, A Smith, DW Stahler, D Struthers, J AF Ausband, David E. Mitchell, Michael S. Bassing, Sarah B. Morehouse, Andrea Smith, Douglas W. Stahler, Daniel Struthers, Jennifer TI Individual, Group, and Environmental Influences on Helping Behavior in a Social Carnivore SO ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canis lupus; cooperative breeding; groups; helping; pup-guarding; wolves ID DOG LYCAON-PICTUS; AFRICAN WILD DOG; GRAY WOLF; PACK SIZE; RENDEZVOUS SITES; CANIS-LUPUS; URSUS-ARCTOS; PUP SURVIVAL; WOLVES; EVOLUTION AB Variation in group composition and environment can affect helping behavior in cooperative breeders. Understanding of how group size, traits of individuals within groups, food abundance, and predation risk simultaneously influence helping behavior is limited. We evaluated pup-guarding behavior in gray wolves (Canis lupus) to assess how differences in individuals, groups, and environment affect helping behavior. We used data from 92 GPS-collared wolves in North America (2001-2012) to estimate individual pup-guarding rates. Individuals in groups with low helper-to-pup ratios spent more time guarding young than those in groups with more helpers, an indication of load-lightening. Female helpers guarded more than male helpers, but this relationship weakened as pups grew. Subset analyses including data on helper age and wolf and prey density showed such factors did not significantly influence pup-guarding rates. We show that characteristics of individuals and groups have strong influences on pup-guarding behavior in gray wolves, but environmental factors such as food abundance and predation risk from conspecifics were not influential. C1 [Ausband, David E.; Bassing, Sarah B.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT USA. [Morehouse, Andrea] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Smith, Douglas W.; Stahler, Daniel] Yellowstone Ctr Resources, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY USA. [Struthers, Jennifer] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 2885 West Kathleen Ave, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. RP Ausband, DE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM david.ausband@idfg.idaho.gov OI Morehouse, Andrea/0000-0002-2015-9938 FU Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare; Eppley Foundation for Scientific Research; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wesley M. Dixon Fellowship at The University of Montana FX Anonymous reviewers provided valuable suggestions and professional critiques. Our manuscript is greatly improved as a result of their time and effort and we thank them. We also thank L. Bradley, J. Gude, G. Hale, J. Holyan, J. Husseman, K. Laudon, C. Mack, M. Metz, M. Nordhagen, K. Oelrich, L. Rich, C. White, P. Zager. T. Martin, H. Cooley, and L. S. Mills helped with early hypothesis development and manuscript reviews. We received funding from the Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare, Eppley Foundation for Scientific Research, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and a Wesley M. Dixon Fellowship at The University of Montana. Any mention of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-1613 EI 1439-0310 J9 ETHOLOGY JI Ethology PD DEC PY 2016 VL 122 IS 12 BP 963 EP 972 DI 10.1111/eth.12566 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA EC1EN UT WOS:000387846800005 ER PT J AU Jackson, ST AF Jackson, Stephen T. TI Reinventing conservation - again SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jackson, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior Southwest Climate, Ctr Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Jackson, ST (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Dept Interior Southwest Climate, Ctr Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Jackson, ST (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 14 IS 10 BP 519 EP 519 DI 10.1002/fee.1439 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EE0ZI UT WOS:000389309100001 ER PT J AU Hynicka, JD Pett-Ridge, JC Perakis, SS AF Hynicka, Justin D. Pett-Ridge, Julie C. Perakis, Steven S. TI Nitrogen enrichment regulates calcium sources in forests SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric deposition; bedrock weathering; calcium; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; state factors; strontium isotopes ID OREGON COAST RANGE; FOLIAR CA/SR DISCRIMINATION; DOUGLAS-FIR; SR-87/SR-86 RATIOS; STRONTIUM ISOTOPE; PUERTO-RICO; RED ALDER; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; WEATHERING PROFILES; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS AB Nitrogen (N) is a key nutrient that shapes cycles of other essential elements in forests, including calcium (Ca). When N availability exceeds ecosystem demands, excess N can stimulate Ca leaching and deplete Ca from soils. Over the long term, these processes may alter the proportion of available Ca that is derived from atmospheric deposition vs. bedrock weathering, which has fundamental consequences for ecosystem properties and nutrient supply. We evaluated how landscape variation in soil N, reflecting long-term legacies of biological N fixation, influenced plant and soil Ca availability and ecosystem Ca sources across 22 temperate forests in Oregon. We also examined interactions between soil N and bedrock Ca using soil N gradients on contrasting basaltic vs. sedimentary bedrock that differed 17-fold in underlying Ca content. We found that low-N forests on Ca-rich basaltic bedrock relied strongly on Ca from weathering, but that soil N enrichment depleted readily weatherable mineral Ca and shifted forest reliance toward atmospheric Ca. Forests on Ca-poor sedimentary bedrock relied more consistently on atmospheric Ca across all levels of soil N enrichment. The broad importance of atmospheric Ca was unexpected given active regional uplift and erosion that are thought to rejuvenate weathering supply of soil minerals. Despite different Ca sources to forests on basaltic vs. sedimentary bedrock, we observed consistent declines in plant and soil Ca availability with increasing N, regardless of the Ca content of underlying bedrock. Thus, traditional measures of Ca availability in foliage and soil exchangeable pools may poorly reflect long-term Ca sources that sustain soil fertility. We conclude that long-term soil N enrichment can deplete available Ca and cause forests to rely increasingly on Ca from atmospheric deposition, which may limit ecosystem Ca supply in an increasingly N-rich world. C1 [Hynicka, Justin D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hynicka, Justin D.; Pett-Ridge, Julie C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Perakis, SS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM steven.perakis@oregonstate.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0346837] FX We thank Joshua Frederick for field assistance, Brian Haley, Chris Catricala, and Lauren Armory for laboratory assistance, Andrew Kurtz and Thomas Bullen for discussions, and R. Scott Warren, Bill Schlesinger and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. Any use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This work was supported by National Science Foundation DEB-0346837. NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 22 IS 12 BP 4067 EP 4079 DI 10.1111/gcb.13335 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC0TJ UT WOS:000387813300020 PM 27135298 ER PT J AU Quezadas, JP Heilweil, V Silva, AC Araguas, L Ortega, MDS AF Perez Quezadas, Juan Heilweil, Victor M. Cortes Silva, Alejandra Araguas, Luis Salas Ortega, Maria del Rocio TI A multi-tracer approach to delineate groundwater dynamics in the Rio Actopan Basin, Veracruz State, Mexico SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Groundwater flow; Radiocarbon; Noble gases; Groundwater age; Mexico ID NOBLE-GASES; ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS; OSCILLATION; CLIMATE; WATERS; VALLEY; MODELS; AREA; FLOW; USA AB Geochemistry and environmental tracers were used to understand groundwater resources, recharge processes, and potential sources of contamination in the Rio Actopan Basin, Veracruz State, Mexico. Total dissolved solids are lower in wells and springs located in the basin uplands compared with those closer to the coast, likely associated with rock/water interaction. Geochemical results also indicate some saltwater intrusion near the coast and increased nitrate near urban centers. Stable isotopes show that precipitation is the source of recharge to the groundwater system. Interestingly, some high-elevation springs are more isotopically enriched than average annual precipitation at higher elevations, indicating preferential recharge during the drier but cooler winter months when evapotranspiration is reduced. In contrast, groundwater below 1,200 m elevation is more isotopically depleted than average precipitation, indicating recharge occurring at much higher elevation than the sampling site. Relatively cool recharge temperatures, derived from noble gas measurements at four sites (11-20 A degrees C), also suggest higher elevation recharge. Environmental tracers indicate that groundwater residence time in the basin ranges from 12,000 years to modern. While this large range shows varying groundwater flowpaths and travel times, ages using different tracer methods (C-14, H-3/He-3, CFCs) were generally consistent. Comparing multiple tracers such as CFC-12 with CFC-113 indicates piston-flow to some discharge points, yet binary mixing of young and older groundwater at other points. In summary, groundwater within the Rio Actopan Basin watershed is relatively young (Holocene) and the majority of recharge occurs in the basin uplands and moves towards the coast. C1 [Perez Quezadas, Juan] UNAM, Posgrado Ciencias Tierra, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Heilweil, Victor M.] US Geol Survey, 2329 Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Cortes Silva, Alejandra] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Araguas, Luis] Vienna Int Ctr, Isotope Hydrol Sect, Int Atom Energy Agcy, POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Salas Ortega, Maria del Rocio] Univ Veracruzana, Ctr Ciencias Tierra, Francisco J Moreno 207, Xalapa 91090, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Quezadas, JP (reprint author), UNAM, Posgrado Ciencias Tierra, Campus Juriquilla,Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. EM pquezadas_1@hotmail.com FU Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnologia, CONACyT; International Atomic Energy Agency [MEX7010] FX Authors are thankful to the Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnologia, CONACyT, for the support provided to the first author of this study. Sincere thanks are due to the staff of the Stable Isotope Laboratory of the Geology Institute, Autonomous University of Mexico (Pedro Morales Puente and Edith Cienfuegos Alvarado) as well as the Hydrochemistry Laboratory at the Geosciences Centre, UNAM (Carolina Munos Torres). We also thank Dr. Kip Solomon for providing the Excel-based "CalcAge" software used for noble-gas recharge temperature, 3H/3He age, and 4Heterr interpretations. We also thank the USGS Reston Groundwater Dating Laboratory for providing the Excel-based software used for chlorofluorocarbon dating. Part of this study was carried out as part of the Technical Cooperation Project MEX7010, supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 EI 1435-0157 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1953 EP 1966 DI 10.1007/s10040-016-1445-4 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA EE0DD UT WOS:000389242800003 ER PT J AU Solder, JE Stolp, BJ Heilweil, VM Susong, DD AF Solder, John E. Stolp, Bernard J. Heilweil, Victor M. Susong, David D. TI Characterization of mean transit time at large springs in the Upper Colorado River Basin, USA: a tool for assessing groundwater discharge vulnerability SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Environmental tracers; Groundwater age; Climate change; Groundwater vulnerability; USA ID ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS; UNITED-STATES; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; AGE DISTRIBUTIONS; WATER; FLOW; CLIMATE; MODELS; TIMESCALES; CATCHMENT AB Environmental tracers (noble gases, tritium, industrial gases, stable isotopes, and radio-carbon) and hydrogeology were interpreted to determine groundwater transit-time distribution and calculate mean transit time (MTT) with lumped parameter modeling at 19 large springs distributed throughout the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), USA. The predictive value of the MTT to evaluate the pattern and timing of groundwater response to hydraulic stress (i.e., vulnerability) is examined by a statistical analysis of MTT, historical spring discharge records, and the Palmer Hydrological Drought Index. MTTs of the springs range from 10 to 15,000 years and 90 % of the cumulative discharge-weighted travel-time distribution falls within the range of 2-10,000 years. Historical variability in discharge was assessed as the ratio of 10-90 % flow-exceedance (R (10/90%)) and ranged from 2.8 to 1.1 for select springs with available discharge data. The lag-time (i.e., delay in discharge response to drought conditions) was determined by cross-correlation analysis and ranged from 0.5 to 6 years for the same select springs. Springs with shorter MTTs (< 80 years) statistically correlate with larger discharge variations and faster responses to drought, indicating MTT can be used for estimating the relative magnitude and timing of groundwater response. Results indicate that groundwater discharge to streams in the UCRB will likely respond on the order of years to climate variation and increasing groundwater withdrawals. C1 [Solder, John E.; Stolp, Bernard J.; Heilweil, Victor M.; Susong, David D.] US Geol Survey, 2329 W Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. RP Solder, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2329 W Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. EM jsolder@usgs.gov OI Solder, John/0000-0002-0660-3326 FU US Geological Survey National Water Census Program FX Thanks to Chris Shope for assistance in sampling the springs and Andrew Manning for reviewing the manuscript. The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This project was funded by the US Geological Survey National Water Census Program. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 EI 1435-0157 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 24 IS 8 BP 2017 EP 2033 DI 10.1007/s10040-016-1440-9 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA EE0DD UT WOS:000389242800008 ER PT J AU Ghanem, H Kunk, MJ Ludman, A Bish, DL Wintsch, RP AF Ghanem, Hind Kunk, Michael J. Ludman, Allan Bish, David L. Wintsch, Robert P. TI Dating slate belts using Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology and zircon ages from crosscutting plutons: A case study from east-central Maine, USA SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology; Slate belts; Foliation; Acadian; Neoacadian ID NORUMBEGA FAULT SYSTEM; SOUTH-CENTRAL MAINE; CONNECTICUT VALLEY; METAMORPHIC BELTS; ACADIAN OROGENY; NEW-ENGLAND; APPALACHIANS; DEFORMATION; CONSTRAINTS; EXTENSION AB We report the ages of cleavage development in a normally intractable lower greenschist facies slate belt, the Central Maine-Aroostook-Matapedia belt in east-central Maine. We have attacked this problem by identifying the minimum ages of muscovite in a regional Acadian cleavage (S-1) and in a local ductile fault zone cleavage (S-2) using Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology and the ages of crosscutting plutons. Our success stems from the regional low-grade metamorphism of the rocks in which each crystallization event preserves a(40)Ar/Ar-39 crystallization age and not a cooling age. Evidence for recrystallization via a pressure solution mechanism comes from truncations of detrital, authigenic, and in some rocks Si muscovite and chlorite grains by new cleavage-forming muscovite and chlorite grains. Low-blank furnace age spectra from meta-arkosic and slaty rocks climb from moderate temperature Devonian age-steps dominated by cleavage-forming muscovite to Ordovician age-steps dominated by a detrital muscovite component. Si and S-2-cleaved rocks were hornfelsed by granitoids of similar to 407 and 377 Ma, respectively. The combination of these minimum ages with the maximum metamorphic crystallization ages establishes narrow constraints on the timing of these two cleavage-forming events, similar to 410 Ma (S-1) and similar to 380 Ma (S-2). These two events coincide in time with a change in the plate convergence kinematics from the arrival of the Avalon terrane (Acadian orogeny), to a right-lateral transpression arrival of the Meguma terrane in the Neoacadian orogeny. 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ghanem, Hind] Univ Jordan, Dept Geol, Amman 11942, Jordan. [Ghanem, Hind; Bish, David L.; Wintsch, Robert P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 1001 East 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Kunk, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Ludman, Allan] Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. [Ghanem, Hind] POB 13643, Amman 11942, Jordan. RP Ghanem, H (reprint author), Univ Jordan, Dept Geol, Amman 11942, Jordan.; Ghanem, H (reprint author), POB 13643, Amman 11942, Jordan. EM h.ghanem@ju.edu.jo; argon39@aol.com; allan.ludman@qc.cuny.edu; bish@indiana.edu; wintsch@indiana.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey through the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program; Marland Pratt Billings and Katharine Fowler Billings Fund for Research in New England Geology; Dept. of Geological Sciences at Indiana University; University of Jordan FX This research formed part of a PhD project carried out by the first author at Indiana University. The project was partially supported by the U.S. Geological Survey through the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program. Funds for fieldwork were granted by the "Marland Pratt Billings and Katharine Fowler Billings Fund for Research in New England Geology" and by the Dept. of Geological Sciences at Indiana University. Funds for the PhD study were granted by the University of Jordan. Great thanks go to J. Schieber for helping with SEM imaging; Lauren Redmond, Erica Serna, and Elizabeth Cola for their assistance in the field; Miriam Attenoukon for helping with preparation for Ar-Ar thermochronology; and Greg Walsh, Ryan McAleer, and Romain Meyer for discussions that inspired and benefited this work. The authors would like to thank Satoshi Tonai and Chris Hall for reviewing the manuscript. Toru Takeshita is thanked for efficient and fair editorial handling. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0191-8141 J9 J STRUCT GEOL JI J. Struct. Geol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 93 BP 51 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.jsg.2016.10.004 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ED8ZO UT WOS:000389159800004 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, EH Bernier, NJ Maule, AG Vijayan, MM AF Jorgensen, Even H. Bernier, Nicholas J. Maule, Alec G. Vijayan, Mathilakath M. TI Effect of long-term fasting and a subsequent meal on mRNA abundances of hypothalamic appetite regulators, central and peripheral leptin expression and plasma leptin levels in rainbow trout SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE Appetite; Hypothalamus; Neuropeptides; Leptin; Fish; Fasting ID NEUROPEPTIDE-Y NPY; GROUPER EPINEPHELUS-COIOIDES; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FOOD-INTAKE REGULATION; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ATLANTIC SALMON; CARASSIUS-AURATUS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION AB Knowledge about neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating appetite in fish, including the role of leptin, is inconclusive. We investigated leptin mRNA abundance in various tissues, plasma leptin levels and the hypothalamic gene expression of putative orexigenic (neuropeptide Y and agouti-regulated peptide) and anorexigenic (melanocortin receptor, proopiomelanocortins (POMCs), cocaine- and amphetamine regulated transcript and corticotropin-releasing factor) neuropeptides in relation to feeding status in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Blood and tissues were first (Day 1) sampled from trout that had been fed or fasted for 4 months and the day after (Day 2) from fasted fish after they had been given a large meal, and their continuously fed counterparts. The fasted fish ate vigorously when they were presented a meal. There were no differences between fed, fasted and re-fed fish in hypothalamic neuropeptide transcript levels, except for pomca1 and pomcb, which were higher in fasted fish than in fed fish at Day 1, and which, for pomcb, decreased to the level in fed fish after the meal at Day 2. Plasma leptin levels did not differ between fasted, re-fed and fed fish. A higher leptinal transcript level was seen in the belly flap of fasted fish than in fed fish, even after re-feeding on Day 2. The data do not reveal causative roles of the investigated brain neuropeptides, or leptin, in appetite regulation. It is suggested that the elevated pomc transcript levels provide a satiety signal that reduces energy expenditure during prolonged fasting. The increase in belly flap leptin transcript with fasting, which did not decrease upon re-feeding, indicates a tissue-specific role of leptin in long-term regulation of energy homeostasis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jorgensen, Even H.] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, NO-9037 Tromso, Norway. [Bernier, Nicholas J.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Maule, Alec G.] USGS, WFRC, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. [Vijayan, Mathilakath M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. RP Jorgensen, EH (reprint author), UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, NO-9037 Tromso, Norway. EM even.jorgensen@uit.no FU Tromso University Research Foundation; UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada; USGS Columbia River Research Laboratory FX The study was, in part, financed by the Tromso University Research Foundation, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada (Discovery Grant) and the USGS Columbia River Research Laboratory. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement of the U.S. Government. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 EI 1873-5169 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD DEC PY 2016 VL 86 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.08.010 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ED9EX UT WOS:000389174100020 PM 26471905 ER PT J AU DeAngelis, DL Ni, WM Zhang, B AF DeAngelis, D. L. Ni, Wei-Ming Zhang, Bo TI Effects of diffusion on total biomass in heterogeneous continuous and discrete-patch systems SO Theoretical Ecology LA English DT Article DE Population dynamics; Spatial heterogeneity; Diffusion; Growth functions ID SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CARRYING-CAPACITY; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; HABITAT SELECTION; DISPERSAL; IDEAL; SINGLE; ENVIRONMENTS; COMPETITION AB Theoretical models of populations on a system of two connected patches previously have shown that when the two patches differ in maximum growth rate and carrying capacity, and in the limit of high diffusion, conditions exist for which the total population size at equilibrium exceeds that of the ideal free distribution, which predicts that the total population would equal the total carrying capacity of the two patches. However, this result has only been shown for the Pearl-Verhulst growth function on two patches and for a single-parameter growth function in continuous space. Here, we provide a general criterion for total population size to exceed total carrying capacity for three commonly used population growth rates for both heterogeneous continuous and multi-patch heterogeneous landscapes with high population diffusion. We show that a sufficient condition for this situation is that there is a convex positive relationship between the maximum growth rate and the parameter that, by itself or together with the maximum growth rate, determines the carrying capacity, as both vary across a spatial region. This relationship occurs in some biological populations, though not in others, so the result has ecological implications. C1 [DeAngelis, D. L.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [DeAngelis, D. L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Resources Ctr, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Ni, Wei-Ming] Univ Minnesota, Sch Math, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ni, Wei-Ming] East China Normal Univ, Ctr Partial Differential Equat, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Bo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP DeAngelis, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.; DeAngelis, DL (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Biol, US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Resources Ctr, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. EM don_deangelis@usgs.gov FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science; NSF; Chinese NSF FX This paper is based on a talk given on December 19, 2014, in honor of Dr. Stephen Cantrell's 60th birthday. His work in this field has been a stimulus for our own. DLD and BZ were supported by the USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science. The research of Wei-Ming Ni was partially supported by NSF and Chinese NSF. We appreciate comments of Adrian Lam, Robert Holt, and an anonymous reviewer on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1874-1738 EI 1874-1746 J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH JI Theor. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 9 IS 4 BP 443 EP 453 DI 10.1007/s12080-016-0302-3 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED6GP UT WOS:000388954400006 ER PT J AU Greggor, AL Berger-Tal, O Blumstein, DT Angeloni, L Bessa-Gomes, C Blackwell, BF St Clair, CC Crooks, K de Silva, S Fernandez-Juricic, E Goldenberg, SZ Mesnick, SL Owen, M Price, CJ Saltz, D Schell, CJ Suarez, AV Swaisgood, RR Winchell, CS Sutherland, WJ AF Greggor, Alison L. Berger-Tal, Oded Blumstein, Daniel T. Angeloni, Lisa Bessa-Gomes, Carmen Blackwell, Bradley F. St Clair, Colleen Cassady Crooks, Kevin de Silva, Shermin Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban Goldenberg, Shifra Z. Mesnick, Sarah L. Owen, Megan Price, Catherine J. Saltz, David Schell, Christopher J. Suarez, Andrew V. Swaisgood, Ronald R. Winchell, Clark S. Sutherland, William J. TI Research Priorities from Animal Behaviour for Maximising Conservation Progress SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Review ID POPULATION VIABILITY; ECOLOGICAL TRAPS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ET-AL; WILDLIFE; BIOLOGY; DETERRENTS; FRAMEWORK; SCIENCE; AREAS AB Poor communication between academic researchers and wildlife managers limits conservation progress and innovation. As a result, input from overlapping fields, such as animal behaviour, is underused in conservation management despite its demonstrated utility as a conservation tool and countless papers advocating its use. Communication and collaboration across these two disciplines are unlikely to improve without clearly identified management needs and demonstrable impacts of behavioural-based conservation management. To facilitate this process, a team of wildlife managers and animal behaviour researchers conducted a research prioritisation exercise, identifying 50 key questions that have great potential to resolve critical conservation and management problems. The resulting agenda highlights the diversity and extent of advances that both fields could achieve through collaboration. C1 [Greggor, Alison L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Berger-Tal, Oded; Saltz, David] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. [Blumstein, Daniel T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Angeloni, Lisa; Schell, Christopher J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bessa-Gomes, Carmen] Univ Paris Saclay, Ecol Systemat Evolut, Univ Paris Sud, CNRS,AgroParisTech, Orsay, France. [Blackwell, Bradley F.; Schell, Christopher J.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [St Clair, Colleen Cassady] Univ Alberta, Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Crooks, Kevin] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [de Silva, Shermin] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [de Silva, Shermin] Trunk & Leaves Inc, Newtonville, MA USA. [Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Goldenberg, Shifra Z.] Save Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mesnick, Sarah L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Washington, DC USA. [Owen, Megan; Swaisgood, Ronald R.] San Diego Zoo Global, Inst Conservat Res, Escondido, CA USA. [Price, Catherine J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Winchell, Clark S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Partnerships Program, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Sutherland, William J.] Univ Cambridge, Conservat Sci Grp, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. RP Greggor, AL (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Alison.L.Greggor@dartmouth.edu OI Schell, Christopher/0000-0002-2073-9852; Greggor, Alison/0000-0003-0998-618X NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 26 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 31 IS 12 BP 953 EP 964 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2016.09.001 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EE2DU UT WOS:000389394700014 PM 27692480 ER PT J AU Iavorivska, L Boyer, EW Miller, MP Brown, MG Vasilopoulos, T Fuentes, JD Duffy, CJ AF Iavorivska, Lidiia Boyer, Elizabeth W. Miller, Matthew P. Brown, Michael G. Vasilopoulos, Terrie Fuentes, Jose D. Duffy, Christopher J. TI Atmospheric inputs of organic matter to a forested watershed: Variations from storm to storm over the seasons SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Precipitation; Organic matter; Dissolved organic carbon; Temporal variation; Seasonal; Critical zone observatory ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; SOUTHEASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY; FLUORESCENCE PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS AB The objectives of this study were to determine the quantity and chemical composition of precipitation inputs of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to a forested watershed; and to characterize the associated temporal variability. We sampled most precipitation that occurred from May 2012 through August 2013 at the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory (Pennsylvania, USA). Sub-event precipitation samples (159) were collected sequentially during 90 events; covering various types of synoptic meteorological conditions in all climatic seasons. Precipitation DOC concentrations and rates of wet atmospheric DOC deposition were highly variable from storm to storm, ranging from 0.3 to 5.6 mg C L-1 and from 0.5 to 32.8 mg C m(-2) h(-1), respectively. Seasonally, storms in spring and summer had higher concentrations of DOC and more optically active organic matter than in winter. Higher DOC concentrations resulted from weather types that favor air advection, where cold frontal systems, on average, delivered more than warm/stationary fronts and northeasters. A mixed modeling statistical approach revealed that factors related to storm properties, emission sources, and to the chemical composition of the atmosphere could explain more than 60% of the storm to storm variability in DOC concentrations. This study provided observations on changes in dissolved organic matter that can be useful in modeling of atmospheric oxidative chemistry, exploring relationships between organics and other elements of precipitation chemistry, and in considering temporal changes in ecosystem nutrient balances and microbial activity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Iavorivska, Lidiia; Boyer, Elizabeth W.; Brown, Michael G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Miller, Matthew P.] US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, West Valley City, UT 84119 USA. [Vasilopoulos, Terrie] Univ Florida, Dept Anesthesiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Fuentes, Jose D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Duffy, Christopher J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Iavorivska, L (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM lui100@psu.edu OI Iavorivska, Lidiia/0000-0002-6224-6271; Fuentes, Jose D/0000-0002-6177-6326; Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2537-1823 FU National Science Foundation [0947962, EAR 07-25019] FX This research was conducted in Penn State's Stone Valley Forest, which is managed by the Penn State's Forest Land Management Office in the College of Agricultural Sciences. The study site is the NSF-supported Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory. This work was facilitated in part by National Science Foundation grants to EWB (award number 0947962) and to CJD (award number EAR 07-25019). We thank Jeff Grimm for help with calculations of antecedent precipitation depth; and Jeremy Harper and Kevin Homer for help with field sampling. Further, we thank the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection for their support of our long-term monitoring of precipitation and atmospheric deposition. We appreciate the thoughtful and helpful review comments provided by Martin Risch of the US Geological Survey, 2 anonymous reviewers, and the editors. NR 101 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 147 BP 284 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.002 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ED0PE UT WOS:000388543600025 ER PT J AU Walsh, J Olsen, BJ Ruskin, KJ Shriver, WG O'Brien, KM Kovach, AI AF Walsh, Jennifer Olsen, Brian J. Ruskin, Katharine J. Shriver, W. Gregory O'Brien, Kathleen M. Kovach, Adrienne I. TI Extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence fitness in an avian hybrid zone SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE extrinsic selection; Haldane's rule; hybrid fitness; hybridization; Nelson's sparrow; saltmarsh sparrow ID SHARP-TAILED SPARROWS; AMMODRAMUS-CAUDACUTUS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; HABITAT SELECTION; NEW-ENGLAND; HYBRIDIZATION; CONSERVATION; CONSEQUENCES; SURVIVAL AB The effects of hybridization on evolutionary processes are primarily determined by the differential between hybrid and parental species fitness. Assessing the impacts of hybridization can be challenging, however, as determining the relationship between individual fitness and the extent of introgression in wild populations is difficult. We evaluated the fitness consequences of hybridization for pure and hybrid females in a hybrid zone between two tidal marsh birds, the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus), a salt marsh obligate, and Nelson's sparrow (A.nelsoni), which has a broader ecological niche and a much younger evolutionary association with salt marshes. Biotic stressors associated with nesting in tidal environments suggest an important role for differential adaptation in shaping hybrid zone dynamics, with saltmarsh sparrows predicted to be better adapted to nesting in salt marshes. We collected DNA samples from adults (n=394) and nestlings (n=431) to determine the extent of introgression using 12 microsatellite loci and tested for the influence of extrinsic (nest placement) and intrinsic (genotype) factors on female reproductive success. We monitored nests (n=228), collected data on reproductive output, and estimated daily nest survival rates using female genotype and nest characteristics as covariates. To test for reduced survival of hybrid females, we also used capture data to assess the distribution of admixed male and female individuals across age classes. Reproductive success of females varied by genotypic class, but hybrids did not have intermediate success as predicted. Instead, we found that pure Nelson's sparrows had, on average, 33% lower hatching success than any other genotype, whereas F1/F2 hybrids, backcrossed Nelson's sparrows, and backcrossed and pure saltmarsh sparrows all had similar hatching success. We found no effect of genotype or nest placement on daily nest survival probabilities. However, hybrid individuals with a higher proportion of saltmarsh sparrow alleles exhibit nesting behaviours better suited to nesting successfully in tidal marshes. Further, while the proportion of F1/F2 individuals was similar between nestling and adult males, we found that the proportion of F1/F2 individuals was 2.3 times greater in nestling females compared with adult females, indicating reduced survival of F1 females. We conclude that differences in reproductive success among pure and admixed individuals coupled with intrinsic mechanisms (reduced survival in F1 females) shape hybrid zone dynamics in this system. C1 [Walsh, Jennifer; Kovach, Adrienne I.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Olsen, Brian J.; Ruskin, Katharine J.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME USA. [Shriver, W. Gregory] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE USA. [O'Brien, Kathleen M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, Wells, ME USA. RP Walsh, J (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jennifer.walsh.emond@gmail.com FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service Region, Division of Natural Resources, National Wildlife Refuge System; Northeast Regional Conservation Needs Grant Program; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, through a USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire-Stennis Project [225575]; University of Maine; Competitive State Wildlife Grant via the United States Fish and Wildlife Service [U2-5-R-1]; Federal Aid in Sportfish and Wildlife Restoration FX We thank the Nature Conservancy and the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife for allowing sample collection in protected marshes. We also thank M.B Hunt, K.E. Papanastassiou, B. Flemer, and L. Kordonowy for help in the field. We thank C. Benkman and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments. Funding for this project was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5, Division of Natural Resources, National Wildlife Refuge System, the Northeast Regional Conservation Needs Grant Program, the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, through a USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire-Stennis Project #225575, the University of Maine, a Competitive State Wildlife Grant (U2-5-R-1) via the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Federal Aid in Sportfish and Wildlife Restoration to the states of Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut, and Maine, and the Maine Association of Wetland Scientists. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2676 of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. Sampling was conducted in accordance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of New Hampshire (100605, 130604) and of the University of Maine (A2011-04-02). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4066 EI 1095-8312 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 119 IS 4 BP 890 EP 903 DI 10.1111/bij.12837 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA ED0AO UT WOS:000388505600010 ER PT J AU Collins, SA Sanders, FJ Jodice, PGR AF Collins, Samantha A. Sanders, Felicia J. Jodice, Patrick G. R. TI Assessing conservation tools for an at-risk shorebird: Feasibility of headstarting for American Oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus SO BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PLOVERS CHARADRIUS-MELODUS; PIPING PLOVERS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; ARTIFICIAL INCUBATION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; NORTH-CAROLINA; BIRD EGGS; MANAGEMENT; VIRGINIA; SURVIVAL AB Management of threatened and endangered populations of wildlife increasingly relies upon active intervention such as predator control, habitat manipulation, and ex situ breeding or care. One tool that has received consideration for the management of declining or threatened avian populations is headstarting, or the artificial incubation of eggs and subsequent placement of newly hatched chicks in original or foster nests. We assessed the feasibility of implementing a headstarting program for the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus, a species of high conservation concern in the eastern USA. Annual productivity is often low and lost during incubation, suggesting artificial incubation could enhance annual productivity. We used a control-impact approach to assign nests as either control or headstart and measured daily survival rate, success of parents accepting headstarted chicks, attendance patterns and behaviours of parents, and chick survival. We also implemented a transparent scoring process to rate the success of each step and the overall program. Daily survival rates of nests were significantly higher at headstart compared to control nests, and parents continued to incubate when eggs were well secured at nest sites. Attendance patterns and behaviour did not differ between headstart and control parents, and parents readily accepted healthy chicks whether they were returned to original or foster nests. Chick survival and subsequently annual productivity were, however, not higher at headstart compared to control nests suggesting that although we were able to enhance nest survival, low chick survival was still limiting annual productivity. Ultimately, headstarting may be most appropriate for American Oystercatchers where productivity is lost primarily to flooding, predation, or disturbance during the incubation stage but not during the chick-rearing stage. If, for example, high rates of nest loss are due to predators that also may prey upon chicks, then headstarting may not be an effective conservation tool. C1 [Collins, Samantha A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Collins, Samantha A.] Clemson Univ, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Collins, Samantha A.] Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, 5476 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, LA 70643 USA. [Sanders, Felicia J.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, 220 Santee Gun Club Rd, Mcclellanville, SC 29458 USA. [Jodice, Patrick G. R.] Clemson Univ, US Geol Survey, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Jodice, PGR (reprint author), Clemson Univ, US Geol Survey, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM pjodice@clemson.edu FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; US Fish and Wildlife Service; South Carolina Department of Natural Resources; USGS South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Clemson University; South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Clemson University; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank Mark Spinks, Sarah Woodward, Billy Shaw, Charles Wahl, Adam DiNuovo, Nicholas Wallover, J. Benjamin Mongold, and the staff at the Charles Lee Morgan Poultry Center at Clemson University, particularly Carol Foster-Mosely, for their assistance and advice. Carolyn Wakefield assisted with logistics and administration. We also acknowledge the support of Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, in particular, Sarah Dawsey. This research was funded and supported by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, US Fish and Wildlife Service, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, USGS South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and Clemson University. The manuscript benefitted from comments by Patrick Gerard and David Jachowski. Permits for this research were provided by The Clemson University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol # 2010-028). The South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is supported by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Clemson University, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0959-2709 EI 1474-0001 J9 BIRD CONSERV INT JI Bird Conserv. Int. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 451 EP 465 DI 10.1017/S0959270916000095 PG 15 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA ED6EX UT WOS:000388949800004 ER PT J AU Hahn, CM Iwanowicz, LR Cornman, RS Mazik, PM Blazer, VS AF Hahn, Cassidy M. Iwanowicz, Luke R. Cornman, Robert S. Mazik, Patricia M. Blazer, Vicki S. TI Transcriptome discovery in non-model wild fish species for the development of quantitative transcript abundance assays SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID BULLHEAD AMEIURUS-NEBULOSUS; BENEFICIAL USE IMPAIRMENT; BASS MICROPTERUS-DOLOMIEU; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; LARGEMOUTH BASS; BROWN BULLHEAD; GREAT-LAKES; SMALLMOUTH BASS; EMERGING CONTAMINANTS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION AB Environmental studies increasingly identify the presence of both contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and legacy contaminants in aquatic environments; however, the biological effects of these compounds on resident fishes remain largely unknown. High throughput methodologies were employed to establish partial transcriptomes for three wild-caught, non-model fish species; smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) and brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus). Sequences from these transcriptome databases were utilized in the development of a custom nCounter CodeSet that allowed for direct multiplexed measurement of 50 transcript abundance endpoints in liver tissue. Sequence information was also utilized in the development of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) primers. Cross-species hybridization allowed the smallmouth bass nCounter CodeSet to be used for quantitative transcript abundance analysis of an additional non-model species, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). We validated the nCounter analysis data system with qPCR for a subset of genes and confirmed concordant results. Changes in transcript abundance biomarkers between sexes and seasons were evaluated to provide baseline data on transcript modulation for each species of interest. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hahn, Cassidy M.; Mazik, Patricia M.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Hahn, Cassidy M.; Iwanowicz, Luke R.; Cornman, Robert S.; Blazer, Vicki S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Hahn, CM (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM cmhahn@usgs.gov OI Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178 FU U.S. Geological Survey's Environmental Health (Contaminant Biology), Ecosystems (Fisheries) and Cooperative Units Programs FX This research was funded through a Great Lakes Restoration Initiative grant to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and by the U.S. Geological Survey's Environmental Health (Contaminant Biology), Ecosystems (Fisheries) and Cooperative Units Programs. We thank Jo Ann Banda, Steven Choy, Daniel Gefell, Zachary Jorgenson, and Jeremy Moore for fish collections; Ryan Braham, Heather Walsh, and Adam Sperry for assistance with fish collections and tissue processing; and Tim King for assistance with 454 sequencing of the smallmouth bass. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1744-117X EI 1878-0407 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS D JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. D-Genomics Proteomics PD DEC PY 2016 VL 20 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.07.001 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA ED8BS UT WOS:000389097500004 PM 27497300 ER PT J AU Lasier, PJ Urich, ML Hassan, SM Jacobs, WN Bringolf, RB Owens, KM AF Lasier, Peter J. Urich, Matthew L. Hassan, Sayed M. Jacobs, Whitney N. Bringolf, Robert B. Owens, Kathleen M. TI Changing agricultural practices: potential consequences to aquatic organisms SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate; Steroid hoi inones; Nutrient enrichment; Surface waters Sediments ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; SURFACE WATERS; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; ESTROGENIC COMPOUNDS; CHRONIC TOXICITY; HYALELLA-AZTECA; SEDIMENT; GLYPHOSATE; NITRATE AB Agricultural practices pose threats to biotic diversity in freshwater systems with increasing use of glyphosate-based herbicides for weed control and animal waste for soil amendment becoming common in many regions. Over the past two decades, these particular agricultural trends have corresponded with marked declines in populations of fish and mussel species in the Upper Conasauga River watershed in Georgia/Tennessee, USA. To investigate the potential role of agriculture in the population declines, surface waters and sediments throughout the basin were tested for toxicity and analyzed for glyphosate, metals, nutrients, and steroid hormones. Assessments of chronic toxicity with Ceriodaphnia duhia and Hyalella azteca indicated that few water or sediment samples were harmful and metal concentrations were generally below impairment levels. Glyphosate was not observed in surface waters, although its primary degradation product, aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA), was detected in 77% of the samples (mean = 509 mu g/L, n = 99) and one or both compounds were measured in most sediment samples. Waterborne AMPA concentrations supported an inference that surfactants associated with glyphosate may be present at levels sufficient to affect early life stages of mussels. Nutrient enrichment of surface waters was widespread with nitrate (mean = 0.7 mg NO3-N/L, n = 179) and phosphorus (mean = 275 mu g/L, n = 179) exceeding levels associated with eutrophication. Hormone concentrations in sediments were often above those shown to cause endocrine disruption in fish and appear to reflect the widespread application of poultry litter and manure. Observed species declines may be at least partially due to hormones, although excess nutrients and herbicide surfactants may also be implicated. C1 [Lasier, Peter J.; Urich, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hassan, Sayed M.; Jacobs, Whitney N.; Bringolf, Robert B.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Owens, Kathleen M.] Nature Conservancy, Armuchee, GA USA. RP Lasier, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM plasier@usgs.gov FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service through the Georgia Ecological Services Office FX Funding for this research was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service through the Georgia Ecological Services Office. Facilities were provided by the D. B. Wamell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 188 IS 12 AR 672 DI 10.1007/s10661-016-5691-7 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED4GD UT WOS:000388805000019 PM 27848110 ER PT J AU Tang, ZH Li, Y Gu, Y Jiang, WG Xue, Y Hu, Q LaGrange, T Bishop, A Drahota, J Li, RP AF Tang, Zhenghong Li, Yao Gu, Yue Jiang, Weiguo Xue, Yuan Hu, Qiao LaGrange, Ted Bishop, Andy Drahota, Jeff Li, Ruopu TI Assessing Nebraska playa wetland inundation status during 1985-2015 using Landsat data and Google Earth Engine SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Wetland; Rainwater Basin; Inundation; Tasseled Cap Wetness-Greenness Difference; Nebraska ID DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; RAINWATER BASIN; UNITED-STATES; LIDAR DATA; IMAGERY; VEGETATION; NDWI; INVENTORY; FEATURES AB Playa wetlands in Nebraska provide globally important habitats for migratory waterfowl. Inundation condition is an important indicator of playa wetland functionality. However, there is a lack of long-term continuous monitoring records for playa wetlands. The objective of this study was to determine a suitable index for Landsat images to map the playa inundation status in March and April during 1985-2015. Four types of spectral indices-negative normalized vegetation index, Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), modified NDWI, and Tasseled Cap Wetness-Greenness Difference (TCWGD)-were evaluated to detect playa inundation conditions from Landsat images. The results indicate that the TCWGD is the most suitable index for distinguishing playa inundation status. By using Landsat images and Google Earth Engine, we mapped the spring inundation condition of Nebraska playas during 1985-2015. The results show that the total inundated areas were 176.79 km(2) in spring migratory season, representing 18.92% of the total area of playa wetlands. There were 9898 wetlands inundated at least once in either March or April during the past 30 years, representing 29.41% of a total of 33,659 historical wetlands. After comparing the historical hydric soil footprints and the inundated areas, the results indicate that the hydrological conditions of the majority of playas in Nebraska have changed. The inundated wetlands are candidates for protection and/or partial restoration, and the un-inundated wetlands need more attention for wetland restoration. Wetlands in areas enrolled in conservation easements had a significantly high level of playa inundation status than non-conserved wetlands during spring migratory seasons in the past decades. These conservation easements only count for 4.29% of the total footprint areas, but they have contributed 20.82% of the inundation areas in Nebraska during the past 30 years. C1 [Tang, Zhenghong; Li, Yao; Gu, Yue; Xue, Yuan; Hu, Qiao; Li, Ruopu] Univ Nebraska, Community & Reg Planning Program, 313 Architecture Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Jiang, Weiguo] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Acad Disaster Reduct & Emergency Management, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [LaGrange, Ted] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. [Bishop, Andy] Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, Grand Isl, NE 68803 USA. [Drahota, Jeff] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rainwater Basin Wetland Management Dist, Funk, NE 68940 USA. RP Tang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Community & Reg Planning Program, 313 Architecture Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM ztang2@unl.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [CD97746701]; Rainwater Bain Joint Venture; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission FX This paper has been funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under assistance agreements (CD97746701). The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the funding agencies, and do not mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The research team sincerely appreciated the great support from the Rainwater Bain Joint Venture, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 188 IS 12 AR UNSP 654 DI 10.1007/s10661-016-5664-x PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ED4GD UT WOS:000388805000001 PM 27826819 ER PT J AU Di Rocco, RT Johnson, NS Brege, L Imre, I Brown, GE AF Di Rocco, R. T. Johnson, N. S. Brege, L. Imre, I. Brown, G. E. TI Sea lamprey avoid areas scented with conspecific tissue extract in Michigan streams SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2-phenylethylamine hydrochloride; alarm cue; kairomones; migration; Petromyzon marinus; predator cue ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; ALARM CUE; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; PHEROMONE; PREDATOR; ODOR; FISH; PREY; WILD; PROSPECTUS AB Three in-stream experiments were conducted to determine whether sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L., tissue extract (alarm cue) and 2-phenylethylamine hydrochloride (PEA HCl, a putative predator cue) influenced the distribution of migrating adult sea lamprey. Experiments evaluated sea lamprey movement when an odour was applied to (1) a tributary of a larger stream; and (2) half of a stream channel. Fewer sea lamprey entered the tributary and side of the river scented with sea lamprey tissue extract compared to the control treatment. Sea lamprey did not avoid the tributary and side of the river scented with PEA HCl. A final laboratory experiment found no difference in the avoidance response of sea lamprey to PEA HCl mixed with river water vs PEA HCl mixed with water from Lake Huron. As such, the lack of sea lamprey response to PEA HCl in the stream was unlikely to have been caused by the presence of the river water. Rather, the difference between laboratory and field results may be attributed to the complexity of the physical environment. C1 [Di Rocco, R. T.; Imre, I.] Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Johnson, N. S.; Brege, L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Brown, G. E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM njohnson@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Fisheries Commission FX We would like to thank the employees of Hammond Bay Biological Station for their assistance completing this research, especially M. Pomranke and T. Bruning for their work at Ocqueoc River and Silver Creek. We are grateful to E. Jordbro and H. McClure at Algoma University for help in conducting the laboratory experiment and analysing the videos. Tyler Buchinger and three anonymous reviewers provided many useful comments on an early draft of the manuscript. The Great Lakes Fisheries Commission provided funding for this research. Mention of trademark names does not infer endorsement by the U.S. Federal Government. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0969-997X EI 1365-2400 J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 BP 548 EP 560 DI 10.1111/fme.12198 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA ED2IU UT WOS:000388668100011 ER PT J AU Geist, EL Fritz, HM Rabinovich, AB Tanioka, Y AF Geist, Eric L. Fritz, Hermann M. Rabinovich, Alexander B. Tanioka, Yuichiro TI Introduction to "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future, Volume I" SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Tsunami investigation; Tsunami Warning System; Tsunami detection; Tsunami records; Tsunami modeling; Pacific Ocean; Spectral analysis; Tsunami probability; Landslide tsunami; Meteotsunami AB Twenty-five papers on the study of tsunamis are included in Volume I of the PAGEOPH topical issue "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future". Six papers examine various aspects of tsunami probability and uncertainty analysis related to hazard assessment. Three papers relate to deterministic hazard and risk assessment. Five more papers present new methods for tsunami warning and detection. Six papers describe new methods for modeling tsunami hydrodynamics. Two papers investigate tsunamis generated by non-seismic sources: landslides and meteorological disturbances. The final three papers describe important case studies of recent and historical events. Collectively, this volume highlights contemporary trends in global tsunami research, both fundamental and applied toward hazard assessment and mitigation. C1 [Geist, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Fritz, Hermann M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Rabinovich, Alexander B.] Inst Ocean Sci, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, 9860 West Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada. [Rabinovich, Alexander B.] Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Inst Oceanol, 36 Nakhimovsky Pr, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Tanioka, Yuichiro] Hokkaido Univ, Inst Seismol & Volcanol, Kita Ku, N10W8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM egeist@usgs.gov; fritz@gatech.edu; Alexander.Rabinovich@dfo-mpo.gc.ca; tanioka@mail.sci.hokudai.ac.jp RI Fritz, Hermann/H-5618-2013 OI Fritz, Hermann/0000-0002-6798-5401 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 173 IS 12 BP 3663 EP 3669 DI 10.1007/s00024-016-1427-4 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED3IY UT WOS:000388744000001 ER PT J AU Geist, EL Parsons, T AF Geist, Eric L. Parsons, Tom TI Reconstruction of Far-Field Tsunami Amplitude Distributions from Earthquake Sources SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Tsunamis; probability distribution; seismic moment; tsunami amplitude; tide gauge ID MOMENT-FREQUENCY RELATION; POWER-LAW; SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES; PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS; GUTENBERG-RICHTER; MAGNITUDE; MODEL; SIZE; SEISMICITY; HAZARDS AB The probability distribution of far-field tsunami amplitudes is explained in relation to the distribution of seismic moment at subduction zones. Tsunami amplitude distributions at tide gauge stations follow a similar functional form, well described by a tapered Pareto distribution that is parameterized by a power-law exponent and a corner amplitude. Distribution parameters are first established for eight tide gauge stations in the Pacific, using maximum likelihood estimation. A procedure is then developed to reconstruct the tsunami amplitude distribution that consists of four steps: (1) define the distribution of seismic moment at subduction zones; (2) establish a source-station scaling relation from regression analysis; (3) transform the seismic moment distribution to a tsunami amplitude distribution for each subduction zone; and (4) mix the transformed distribution for all subduction zones to an aggregate tsunami amplitude distribution specific to the tide gauge station. The tsunami amplitude distribution is adequately reconstructed for four tide gauge stations using globally constant seismic moment distribution parameters established in previous studies. In comparisons to empirical tsunami amplitude distributions from maximum likelihood estimation, the reconstructed distributions consistently exhibit higher corner amplitude values, implying that in most cases, the empirical catalogs are too short to include the largest amplitudes. Because the reconstructed distribution is based on a catalog of earthquakes that is much larger than the tsunami catalog, it is less susceptible to the effects of record-breaking events and more indicative of the actual distribution of tsunami amplitudes. C1 [Geist, Eric L.; Parsons, Tom] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM egeist@usgs.gov NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 173 IS 12 BP 3703 EP 3717 DI 10.1007/s00024-016-1288-x PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED3IY UT WOS:000388744000004 ER PT J AU Chaytor, JD Geist, EL Paull, CK Caress, DW Gwiazda, R Fucugauchi, JU Vieyra, MR AF Chaytor, Jason D. Geist, Eric L. Paull, Charles K. Caress, David W. Gwiazda, Roberto Urrutia Fucugauchi, Jaime Rebolledo Vieyra, Mario TI Source Characterization and Tsunami Modeling of Submarine Landslides Along the Yucatan Shelf/Campeche Escarpment, Southern Gulf of Mexico SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CAMPECHE ESCARPMENT; FLORIDA ESCARPMENT; BOUNDARY; DEPOSITS; CANYONS AB Submarine landslides occurring along the margins of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) represent a low-likelihood, but potentially damaging source of tsunamis. New multibeam bathymetry coverage reveals that mass wasting is pervasive along the Yucatan Shelf edge with several large composite landslides possibly removing as much as 70 km(3) of the Cenozoic sedimentary section in a single event. Using GIS-based analysis, the dimensions of six landslides from the central and northern sections of the Yucatan Shelf/Campeche Escarpment were determined and used as input for preliminary tsunami generation and propagation models. Tsunami modeling is performed to compare the propagation characteristics and distribution of maximum amplitudes throughout the GOM among the different landslide scenarios. Various factors such as landslide geometry, location along the Yucatan Shelf/Campeche Escarpment, and refraction during propagation result in significant variations in the affected part of the Mexican and US Gulf Coasts. In all cases, however, tsunami amplitudes are greatest along the northern Yucatan Peninsula. C1 [Chaytor, Jason D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Geist, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Paull, Charles K.; Caress, David W.; Gwiazda, Roberto] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Urrutia Fucugauchi, Jaime] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rebolledo Vieyra, Mario] Ctr Invest Cient Yucatan, Merida, Mexico. RP Chaytor, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM jchaytor@usgs.gov OI Caress, David/0000-0002-6596-9133 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 173 IS 12 BP 4101 EP 4116 DI 10.1007/s00024-016-1363-3 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED3IY UT WOS:000388744000022 ER PT J AU von Huene, R Miller, JJ Klaeschen, D Dartnell, P AF von Huene, Roland Miller, John J. Klaeschen, Dirk Dartnell, Peter TI A Possible Source Mechanism of the 1946 Unimak Alaska Far-Field Tsunami: Uplift of the Mid-Slope Terrace Above a Splay Fault Zone SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Alaska subduction zone; 1946 tsunami; splay fault zone; tsunami source mechanics; subducted relief; Alaska tsunami hazard ID ALEUTIAN ISLAND-ARC; ACCRETIONARY PRISM; SUBDUCTION ZONE; EARTHQUAKE; DEFORMATION; RUPTURE AB In 1946, megathrust seismicity along the Unimak segment of the Alaska subduction zone generated the largest ever recorded Alaska/Aleutian tsunami. The tsunami severely damaged Pacific islands and coastal areas from Alaska to Antarctica. It is the charter member of "tsunami" earthquakes that produce outsized far-field tsunamis for the recorded magnitude. Its source mechanisms were unconstrained by observations because geophysical data for the Unimak segment were sparse and of low resolution. Reprocessing of legacy geophysical data reveals a deep water, high-angle reverse or splay thrust fault zone that leads megathrust slip upward to the mid-slope terrace seafloor rather than along the plate boundary toward the trench axis. Splay fault uplift elevates the outer mid-slope terrace and its inner area subsides. Multibeam bathymetry along the splay fault zone shows recent but undated seafloor disruption. The structural configuration of the nearby Semidi segment is similar to that of the Unimak segment, portending generation of a future large tsunami directed toward the US West coast. C1 [von Huene, Roland] US Geol Survey, 4300 Carlson Way, Diamond Springs, CA 95619 USA. [Miller, John J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Klaeschen, Dirk] Geomar Helmholtz Zentrum Ozeanforsch, Wishhofstr 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany. [Dartnell, Peter] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP von Huene, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4300 Carlson Way, Diamond Springs, CA 95619 USA. EM rhuene@mindspring.com; jmiller@usgs.gov; dkaleschen@geomar.de; pdartnell@usgs.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 173 IS 12 BP 4189 EP 4201 DI 10.1007/s00024-016-1393-x PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED3IY UT WOS:000388744000026 ER PT J AU Creamer, CA Jones, DL Baldock, JA Rui, YC Murphy, DV Hoyle, FC Farrell, M AF Creamer, Courtney A. Jones, Davey L. Baldock, Jeff A. Rui, Yichao Murphy, Daniel V. Hoyle, Frances C. Farrell, Mark TI Is the fate of glucose-derived carbon more strongly driven by nutrient availability, soil texture, or microbial biomass size? SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE C-14 tracer; Carbon mineralization; Microbial biomass; Nutrient stoichiometry; Organo-mineral associations; Soil texture ID KINETIC RESPIRATION ANALYSIS; ORGANIC-MATTER; USE EFFICIENCY; STOICHIOMETRIC CONTROLS; NITROGEN LIMITATION; LIPID PHOSPHATE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT INPUTS; GLOBAL-SCALE; TURNOVER AB Increasing organic matter (OM) in soil promotes the delivery of vital ecosystem services, such as improving water retention, decreasing erosion, increasing plant productivity, and mitigating climate change through terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration. The formation of organo-mineral associations through microbial turnover of labile (i.e. easily decomposed) C is a potential pathway of soil C stabilization. However, association of added C with mineral surfaces may be impacted by soil clay content and/ or by nutrient availability (due to higher microbial C use efficiency). We added C-14 labeled glucose as a model labile substrate together with either ion exchange resin beads (to induce nutrient limitation), water (no additional nutrients), or four increasing concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in constant stoichiometric ratios to nine agricultural soils under the same climate and management but along a texture gradient from 3 to 40% clay. The soils with C-14-glucose and a nutrient treatment were incubated for 4 weeks during which the C-14 was traced into CO2, microbial biomass, dissolved organic C (DOC), and soil organic C (SOC). Induced nutrient limitation (available C:N ratio around 300:1) reduced mineralization of glucose-derived C, particularly in soils with <15% clay. However, in soils with >15% clay, higher microbial biomass allowed for glucose-derived C mineralization despite nutrient limitation. Alleviating the nutrient limitation (available C:N < 50:1) allowed for greater transformation of added C into microbial biomass-C and SOC, particularly in soils with >= 21% clay, although further additions (down to C:N of 11:1) did not result in greater SOC or microbial biomass formation. Except under conditions of nutrient limitation (where C:N > 50:1), soil texture and starting microbial biomass size, not nutrient availability, were the drivers of SOC and microbial biomass formation during the incubation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Creamer, Courtney A.; Baldock, Jeff A.; Farrell, Mark] CSIRO Agr & Food, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Jones, Davey L.] Bangor Univ, Environm Ctr Wales, Deiniol Rd, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Rui, Yichao; Murphy, Daniel V.; Hoyle, Frances C.; Farrell, Mark] Univ Western Australia, Inst Agr, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Creamer, CA (reprint author), CSIRO Agr & Food, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.; Creamer, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM courtneycreamer@gmail.com RI Farrell, Mark/C-3676-2011; Jones, Davey/C-7411-2011; Baldock, Jeffrey/G-1362-2010; OI Farrell, Mark/0000-0003-4562-2738; Baldock, Jeffrey/0000-0002-6428-8555; Creamer, Courtney/0000-0001-8270-9387 FU CSIRO OCE post-doctoral fellowship; CSIRO Land and Water Capability Development Fund; CSIRO OCE Julius Career Award; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT110100246] FX Thanks to Janine McGowan (CSIRO) for assistance with soil fractionation and soil carbon and nitrogen measurements, and thanks to Kirsty Brooks (UWA) for help with soil sampling. This work was funded by a CSIRO OCE post-doctoral fellowship and a CSIRO Land and Water Capability Development Fund award to C.A.C. M.F. was supported by a CSIRO OCE Julius Career Award. D.V.M. was supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT110100246). NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 46 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 103 BP 201 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.08.025 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA ED3VA UT WOS:000388775400020 ER PT J AU Iverson, RM George, DL AF Iverson, Richard M. George, David L. TI Discussion of "The relation between dilatancy, effective stress and dispersive pressure in granular avalanches" by P. Bartelt and O. Buser (DOI: 10.1007/s11440-016-0463-7) SO ACTA GEOTECHNICA LA English DT Editorial Material DE D-Claw; Debris flow; Dilatancy; Dispersive pressure; Effective stress; Landslide ID DEBRIS FLOW AB A paper recently published by Bartelt and Buser (hereafter identified as "the authors'') aims to clarify relationships between granular dilatancy and dispersive pressure and to question the effective stress principle and its application to shallow granular avalanches (Bartelt and Buser in Act Geotech 11: 549-557, 2). The paper also criticizes our own recent work, which utilizes the concepts of evolving dilatancy and effective stress to model the initiation and dynamics of water-saturated landslides and debris flows. Here we first explain why we largely agree with the authors' views of dilatancy and dispersive pressure as they apply to depth-integrated granular avalanche models, and why we disagree with their views of effective stress and pore-fluid pressure. We conclude by explaining why the authors' characterization of our recently developed D-Claw model is inaccurate. C1 [Iverson, Richard M.; George, David L.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. RP Iverson, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. EM riverson@usgs.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1861-1125 EI 1861-1133 J9 ACTA GEOTECH JI Acta Geotech. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1465 EP 1468 DI 10.1007/s11440-016-0502-4 PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA ED0YY UT WOS:000388571600016 ER PT J AU Siegfried, KI Williams, EH Shertzer, KW Coggins, LG AF Siegfried, Kate I. Williams, Erik H. Shertzer, Kyle W. Coggins, Lewis G. TI Improving stock assessments through data prioritization SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB The need for "better data" is a common response of stakeholders and managers when confronted with the uncertainty of advice resulting from quantitative stock assessments. Most contemporary stock assessments are based on an integrated analysis of multiple data types, each with their associated cost to collect. Data collection resources are inevitably limited; therefore, it is important to quantify the relative value of increased sampling for alternative data types in terms of improving stock assessments. We approached this universal problem using a simulation study of a hypothetical, amalgam species developed from eight separate stock assessments conducted for species found in southeastern US Atlantic waters. We simulated a population and a stock assessment from the amalgam species and then individually improved alternative data types (indices, age compositions, landings, and discards) by increasing either precision or sample size. We also simulated the effects of increased sampling for alternative groupings of data that might be collected in concert (e.g., commercial, recreational, or survey). Our results show that for the snapper-grouper complex we modeled, age composition data have the largest effect on the accuracy of assessments, with commercial age compositions being the most influential. This is due in part to the relative paucity of age composition data for many southeast US marine stocks, so that modest increases in collection efforts have relatively high benefits for age-based assessment models currently in use for the region. Though this study used data from a particular region of the US, our investigative framework is broadly applicable for quantitatively evaluating the benefits of improved data collection in terms of the precision of stock assessments in any region. C1 [Siegfried, Kate I.; Williams, Erik H.; Shertzer, Kyle W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Coggins, Lewis G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 346, Bethel, AK 99559 USA. RP Siegfried, KI (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. EM Kate.Siegfried@noaa.gov FU NOAA Assessment Methods Working Group FX We thank the NOAA Assessment Methods Working Group for the grant that funded this project. We appreciate the helpful comments and criticisms about the manuscript from Kevin Craig and Amy Schueller, and we thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1703 EP 1711 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0398 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4QO UT WOS:000388118700001 ER PT J AU Dunmall, KM Mochnacz, NJ Zimmerman, CE Lean, C Reist, JD AF Dunmall, Karen M. Mochnacz, Neil J. Zimmerman, Christian E. Lean, Charles Reist, James D. TI Using thermal limits to assess establishment of fish dispersing to high-latitude and high-elevation watersheds SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEMPERATURE; GROUNDWATER; SALMON; ECOSYSTEMS; IMPACT; COLONIZATION; STREAMS; CHARRS; ALASKA AB Distributional shifts of biota to higher latitudes and elevations are presumably influenced by species-specific physiological tolerances related to warming temperatures. However, it is establishment rather than dispersal that may be limiting colonizations in these cold frontier areas. In freshwater ecosystems, perennial groundwater springs provide critical winter thermal refugia in these extreme environments. By reconciling the thermal characteristics of these refugia with the minimum thermal tolerances of life stages critical for establishment, we develop a strategy to focus broad projections of northward and upward range shifts to the specific habitats that are likely for establishments. We evaluate this strategy using chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) that seem poised to colonize Arctic watersheds. Stream habitats with a minimum temperature of 4 degrees C during spawning and temperatures above 2 degrees C during egg incubation were most vulnerable to establishments by chum and pink salmon. This strategy will improve modelling forecasts of range shifts for cold freshwater habitats and focus proactive efforts to conserve both newly emerging fisheries and native species at northern and upper distributional extremes. C1 [Dunmall, Karen M.; Mochnacz, Neil J.; Reist, James D.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, 501 Univ Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. [Dunmall, Karen M.; Mochnacz, Neil J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Zimmerman, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Lean, Charles] Norton Sound Fisheries Res & Dev, POB 358, Nome, AK 99762 USA. [Dunmall, Karen M.] 501 Univ Cr, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. RP Dunmall, KM (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, 501 Univ Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.; Dunmall, KM (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.; Dunmall, KM (reprint author), 501 Univ Cr, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. EM Karen.Dunmall@gmail.com FU Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of Manitoba; Government of the Northwest Territories through the Northwest Territories Cumulative Impact Monitoring Program [00142]; Polar Continental Shelf Program [111-13]; Fisheries Joint Management Committee; Gwich'in Renewable Resources Board; Gwich'in Land Use Planning Board; Sahtu Renewable Resources Board; NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship; W. Garfield Weston Foundation Award for Northern Research (PhD); American Fisheries Society J. Frances Allen Scholarship FX R. Bajno, A. Charlie, J. Frandsen, C. Gallagher, D. Gordon, Jr., B. Kissinger, E. Lea, K. Maier, E. McLeod, J. McLeod, S. McLeod, and D. Swainson assisted in installing and retrieving temperature loggers. Thanks are extended to D. Teleki for his ArcGIS support. Financial support for this research was provided by Fisheries and Oceans Canada, University of Manitoba, Government of the Northwest Territories through the Northwest Territories Cumulative Impact Monitoring Program (Project No. 00142), Polar Continental Shelf Program (Project No. 111-13), the Fisheries Joint Management Committee, the Gwich'in Renewable Resources Board, the Gwich'in Land Use Planning Board, and the Sahtu Renewable Resources Board. K.M.D. gratefully acknowledges support from an NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship, a W. Garfield Weston Foundation Award for Northern Research (PhD), and the 2014 American Fisheries Society J. Frances Allen Scholarship. This paper benefited from reviews by F. DeCicco and two anonymous reviewers. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1750 EP 1758 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0051 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4QO UT WOS:000388118700006 ER PT J AU Willmes, M Glessner, JJG Carleton, SA Gerrity, PC Hobbs, JA AF Willmes, Malte Glessner, Justin J. G. Carleton, Scott A. Gerrity, Paul C. Hobbs, James A. TI Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope ratio analysis by laser ablation MC-ICP-MS in scales, spines, and fin rays as a nonlethal alternative to otoliths for reconstructing fish life history SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; RIVER GREEN STURGEON; SR ISOTOPES; TRACE-ELEMENTS; TOOTH ENAMEL; GEOCHEMICAL SIGNATURES; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; STRONTIUM ISOTOPES; ESTUARINE FISH AB Strontium isotope ratios (Sr-87/Sr-86) in otoliths are a well-established tool to determine origins and movement patterns of fish. However, otolith extraction requires sacrificing fish, and when working with protected or endangered species, the use of nonlethal samples such as scales, spines, and fin rays is preferred. Unlike otoliths that are predominantly aragonite, these tissues are composed of biological apatite. Laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) analysis of biological apatite can induce significant interference on mass 87, causing inaccurate Sr-87/Sr-86 measurements. To quantify this interference, we applied LA-MC-ICP-MS to three marine samples (white seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) otolith; green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) pectoral fin ray; salmon shark (Lamna ditropis) tooth), and freshwater walleye (Sander vitreus) otoliths, scales, and spines). Instrument conditions that maximize signal intensity resulted in elevated Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope ratios in the bioapatite samples, related to a polyatomic interference ((CaPO)-Ca-40-P-31-O-16, (ArPO)-Ar-40-P-31-O-16). Retuning instrument conditions to reduce oxide levels removed this interference, resulting in accurate Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios across all tissue samples. This method provides a novel, nonlethal alternative to otolith analysis to reconstruct fish life histories. C1 [Willmes, Malte; Hobbs, James A.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Glessner, Justin J. G.] Univ Calif Davis, Interdisciplinary Ctr Plasma Mass Spectrometry, 2119 Earth & Phys Sci Bldg, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Carleton, Scott A.] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88011 USA. [Gerrity, Paul C.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 260 Buena Vista Dr, Lander, WY 82520 USA. RP Willmes, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mwillmes@ucdavis.edu NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1852 EP 1860 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0103 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4QO UT WOS:000388118700015 ER PT J AU Neuswanger, JR Wipfli, MS Rosenberger, AE Hughes, NF AF Neuswanger, Jason R. Wipfli, Mark S. Rosenberger, Amanda E. Hughes, Nicholas F. TI Measuring fish and their physical habitats: versatile 2D and 3D video techniques with user-friendly software SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; COD GADUS-MORHUA; STEREO-VIDEO; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; SWIMMING SPEED; PREY DETECTION; WATER; SYSTEM; MOVEMENTS; STEELHEAD AB Applications of video in fisheries research range from simple biodiversity surveys to three-dimensional (3D) measurement of complex swimming, schooling, feeding, and territorial behaviors. However, researchers lack a transparently developed, easy-to-use, general purpose tool for 3D video measurement and event logging. Thus, we developed a new measurement system, with freely available, user-friendly software, easily obtained hardware, and flexible underlying mathematical methods capable of high precision and accuracy. The software, VidSync, allows users to efficiently record, organize, and navigate complex 2D or 3D measurements of fish and their physical habitats. Laboratory tests showed submillimetre accuracy in length measurements of 50.8 mm targets at close range, with increasing errors (mostly <1%) at longer range and for longer targets. A field test on juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) feeding behavior in Alaska streams found that individuals within aggregations avoided the immediate proximity of their competitors, out to a distance of 1.0 to 2.9 body lengths. This system makes 3D video measurement a practical tool for laboratory and field studies of aquatic or terrestrial animal behavior and ecology. C1 [Neuswanger, Jason R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hughes, Nicholas F.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Neuswanger, Jason R.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Neuswanger, JR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Neuswanger, JR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jason@troutnut.com FU Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative; Institute of Arctic Biology, Alaska EPSCoR NSF [OIA-1208927]; state of Alaska; Department of Biology and College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at the University of Alaska Fairbanks FX This work was supported by the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative, the Institute of Arctic Biology, Alaska EPSCoR NSF award No. OIA-1208927, the state of Alaska, and the Department of Biology and College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Lon Kelly contributed to the early development of the mathematical methods underlying VidSync. Megan Perry, Aurelian Vivancos, Darren Whitehead, and Erik Schoen tested early prototypes of VidSync and provided valuable feedback. David Neuswanger, Milo Adkison, and two anonymous reviewers helpfully critiqued the manuscript. Fish work was conducted under IACUC protocols No. 134754-1 and No. 175627-1. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1861 EP 1873 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0010 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4QO UT WOS:000388118700016 ER PT J AU Bateman, DS Sloat, MR Gresswell, RE Berger, AM Hockman-Wert, DP Leer, DW Skaugset, AE AF Bateman, Douglas S. Sloat, Matthew R. Gresswell, Robert E. Berger, Aaron M. Hockman-Wert, David P. Leer, David W. Skaugset, Arne E. TI Effects of stream-adjacent logging in fishless headwaters on downstream coastal cutthroat trout SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT ASSESSMENT; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CARNATION CREEK; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; MARKED ANIMALS; SURVIVAL; HABITAT; FORESTS; RATES AB To investigate effects of headwater logging on downstream coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) populations, we monitored stream habitat and biotic indicators including biomass, abundance, growth, movement, and survival over 8 years using a paired-watershed approach. Reference and logged catchments were located on private industrial forestland on similar to 60-year harvest rotation. Five clearcuts (14% of the logged catchment area) were adjacent to fishless portions of the headwater streams, and contemporary regulations did not require riparian forest buffers in the treatment catchment. Logging did not have significant negative effects on downstream coastal cutthroat trout populations for the duration of the sample period. Indeed, the only statistically significant response of fish populations following logging in fishless headwaters was an increase in late-summer biomass (g.m(-2)) of age-1+ coastal cutthroat trout in tributaries. Ultimately, the ability to make broad generalizations concerning effects of timber harvest is difficult because response to disturbance (anthropogenically influenced or not) in aquatic systems is complex and context-dependent, but our findings provide one example of environmentally compatible commercial logging in a regenerated forest setting. C1 [Bateman, Douglas S.; Sloat, Matthew R.; Leer, David W.; Skaugset, Arne E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Coll Forestry, 208 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gresswell, Robert E.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Berger, Aaron M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coll Agr Sci, 110 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hockman-Wert, David P.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sloat, MR (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Coll Forestry, 208 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM matthew.sloat@oregonstate.edu FU Watershed Research Cooperative; US Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; Roseburg Forest Products; Douglas County (Oregon) Commission FX We thank J. Dunham, A. Simmons, A. Muldoon, and more than 30 seasonal research technicians for their valuable field assistance. Funding was provided by the Watershed Research Cooperative; US Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; Roseburg Forest Products; and the Douglas County (Oregon) Commission. Fish collections were authorized by Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife taking permits (OR2001-127, OR2002-041, OR2003-814, OR2004-1579, OR2005-2198, OR2006-2923, OR2007-3578, and OR2008-4371) and by Oregon State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (ACUP 2552, ACUP 3048, and ACUP 3504). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1898 EP 1913 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0455 PG 16 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4QO UT WOS:000388118700019 ER PT J AU Dammerman, KJ Steibel, JP Scribner, KT AF Dammerman, Kari J. Steibel, Juan P. Scribner, Kim T. TI Increases in the mean and variability of thermal regimes result in differential phenotypic responses among genotypes during early ontogenetic stages of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE ectotherms; environmental change; genotype-by-environment interaction; lake sturgeon; phenotypic variation; temperature ID CRYPTIC GENETIC-VARIATION; SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KETA; 3 DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; YOLK-SAC LARVAE; LIFE-HISTORY; ATLANTIC SALMON; ECTOTHERMS; PLASTICITY; STRESS AB Climate change is affecting thermal conditions worldwide. Understanding organismal responses associated with predicted changes are essential for predicting population persistence. Few studies have examined the effects of both increased mean and variance in temperature on organismal traits, particularly during early life stages. Using lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) from Black Lake, MI, we tested whether phenotypic variation differed among families reared in two constant (10 and 18 degrees C) and two fluctuating-temperature treatments (10-19 degrees C) representing temperatures experienced in the river and a simulated anthropogenic disturbance. Body length, body area, and yolk-sac area were quantified at hatch. Family-by-treatment interactions explained up to 50% of the variance observed among families in offspring hatch traits. Families incubated in 18 degrees C and the fluctuating anthropogenic treatment had 6-10 times higher variance in traits than those incubated at 10 degrees C. Hatched larvae were placed in raceways with ambient river water. Emergence body length, emergence timing, and growth were quantified upon emergence. Families differed in time to emergence and growth with the greatest range observed in the 18 degrees C treatment. Results demonstrate that differential responses among genotypes to changes in the mean and variability of thermal incubation regimes can affect traits at hatch as well as a subsequent ontogenetic stage. C1 [Dammerman, Kari J.; Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dammerman, Kari J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Vancouver, WA 98661 USA. [Steibel, Juan P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Steibel, Juan P.; Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Dammerman, KJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Vancouver, WA 98661 USA. EM kari_dammerman@fws.gov FU Michigan Department of Natural Resources; International Association for Great Lakes Research; Great Lakes Fishery Trust; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX Funding for this study was provided by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, The International Association for Great Lakes Research, The Great Lakes Fishery Trust, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Research was conducted under animal use and care procedure number (03/14-042-00) from the Michigan State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. We thank John Bauman, Nathan Barton, Jim Holser, Annie VanSickle, and James Garavaglia for assistance in construction of the experiment and collection of data. We also thank the Scribner Lab members, Janette Boughman, Gary Mittelbach, Edward Baker, two Associate Editors, and four anonymous reviewers for reviewing and significantly improving the manuscript. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 9 IS 10 BP 1258 EP 1270 DI 10.1111/eva.12409 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA EC0BX UT WOS:000387763700005 PM 27877204 ER PT J AU Macholdt, DS Jochum, KP Wilson, SA Otter, LM Stoll, B Weis, U Andreae, MO AF Macholdt, Dorothea S. Jochum, Klaus Peter Wilson, Stephen A. Otter, Laura M. Stoll, Brigitte Weis, Ulrike Andreae, Meinrat O. TI Suitability of Mn- and Fe-Rich Reference Materials for Microanalytical Research SO GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; microanalysis; reference materials; rock varnish; manganese rich; homogeneity; measurement accuracy ID LA-ICP-MS; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ROCK-VARNISH; SAMPLES; ELEMENTS AB Manganese- and iron-rich materials are of major geoscientific and economic interest, many of which contain microscopic features that provide valuable information. To obtain accurate results, a homogeneous microanalytical reference material for calibration is needed. Several researchers have used the Mn-and Fe-rich RMs, JMn-1, NOD-A-1, NOD-P-1 and FeMn-1, for this purpose; therefore, they were tested in this study to determine their suitability for microanalysis. Their homogeneity was investigated by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) with two different types of lasers (nano-and femtosecond), with spot and line scan analyses and with different operating parameters, such as spot size, pulse repetition rate and fluence. As the established manganese nodule RMs revealed inhomogeneities for picogram to microgram test portions, we also investigated the new synthetic Fe- and Mn-rich RM, FeMnOx-1. FeMnOx-1 was found to be homogeneous for large (empyt set 40 mu m: 2% RSD repeatability) and small (empyt set 8-10 mu m: 10% RSD repeatability) spot sizes. This homogeneity is in the range of the homogeneous NIST SRM 610 and GSE-1G reference glasses. Furthermore, FeMnOx-1 revealed a large-scale homogeneity within uncertainties of a few per cent, using test portions in the ng range, when measuring four individual mounts of this material. C1 [Macholdt, Dorothea S.; Jochum, Klaus Peter; Otter, Laura M.; Stoll, Brigitte; Weis, Ulrike; Andreae, Meinrat O.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, Mainz, Germany. [Macholdt, Dorothea S.; Jochum, Klaus Peter; Otter, Laura M.; Stoll, Brigitte; Weis, Ulrike; Andreae, Meinrat O.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, Mainz, Germany. [Wilson, Stephen A.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Andreae, Meinrat O.] King Saud Univ, Dept Geosci, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Macholdt, DS (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, Mainz, Germany.; Macholdt, DS (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, Mainz, Germany. EM d.macholdt@mpic.de RI Andreae, Meinrat/B-1068-2008 OI Andreae, Meinrat/0000-0003-1968-7925 FU Max Planck Graduate Centre with the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (MPGC); Max Planck Society FX This work was supported by the Max Planck Graduate Centre with the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (MPGC) and the Max Planck Society. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1639-4488 EI 1751-908X J9 GEOSTAND GEOANAL RES JI Geostand. Geoanal. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 493 EP 504 DI 10.1111/ggr.12119 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EC9MW UT WOS:000388469700004 ER PT J AU van Zuilen, K Nagler, TF Bullen, TD AF van Zuilen, Kirsten Nagler, Thomas F. Bullen, Thomas D. TI Barium Isotopic Compositions of Geological Reference Materials SO GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE barium; Ba isotopic composition; isotope double spike; MC-ICP-MS; TIMS; geological reference materials ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; DOUBLE-SPIKE; TRACE-ELEMENTS; ICP-MS; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; CORAL JCP-1; DEEP-SEA; FRACTIONATION; CARBONATE; SEDIMENT AB The interest in variations of barium (Ba) stable isotope amount ratios in low and high temperature environments has increased over the past several years. Characterisation of Ba isotope ratios of widely available reference materials is now required to validate analytical procedures and to allow comparison of data obtained by different laboratories. We present new Ba isotope amount ratio data for twelve geological reference materials with silicate (AGV-1, G-2, BHVO-1, QLO-1, BIR-1, JG-1a, JB-1a, JR-1 and JA-1), carbonate (IAEA-CO-9) and sulfate matrices (IAEA-SO-5 and IAEA-SO-6) relative to NIST SRM 3104a. In addition, two artificially fractionated in-house reference materials BaBe12 and BaBe27 (delta Ba-137/134 = -1.161 +/- 0.049 parts per thousand and -0.616 +/- 0.050 parts per thousand, respectively) are used as quality control solutions for the negative delta-range. Accuracy of our data was assessed by interlaboratory comparison between the University of Bern and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Data were measured by MC-ICP-MS (Bern) and TIMS (USGS) using two different double spikes for mass bias correction (Ba-130-Ba-135 and Ba-132-Ba-136, respectively). MC-ICP-MS measurements were further tested for isobaric and non-spectral matrix effects by a number of common matrix elements. The results are in excellent agreement and suggest data accuracy. C1 [van Zuilen, Kirsten; Nagler, Thomas F.] Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Baltzerstr 1 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Bullen, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, MS 420,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [van Zuilen, Kirsten] Inst Phys Globe Paris, 1 Rue Jussieu, F-75238 Paris 05, France. RP van Zuilen, K (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Baltzerstr 1 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.; van Zuilen, K (reprint author), Inst Phys Globe Paris, 1 Rue Jussieu, F-75238 Paris 05, France. EM kirstenvanzuilen@gmail.com OI Nagler, Thomas/0000-0002-6919-0151 FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [200021_140223] FX Christophe Quetel and two anonymous reviewers are thanked for constructive comments that helped improving the clarity of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF Grant 200021_140223 to TFN). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1639-4488 EI 1751-908X J9 GEOSTAND GEOANAL RES JI Geostand. Geoanal. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 543 EP 558 DI 10.1111/ggr.12122 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EC9MW UT WOS:000388469700008 ER PT J AU Lewis, TL Schmutz, JA Amundson, CL Lindberg, MS AF Lewis, Tyler L. Schmutz, Joel A. Amundson, Courtney L. Lindberg, Mark S. TI Waterfowl populations are resilient to immediate and lagged impacts of wildfires in the boreal forest SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE boreal forest; climate change; dabblers; disturbance; divers; fire management; resilience; waterfowl; Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey; wildfire ID FIRE; DISTRIBUTIONS; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; SEVERITY AB Wildfires are the principal disturbance in the boreal forest, and their size and frequency are increasing as the climate warms. Impacts of fires on boreal wildlife are largely unknown, especially for the tens of millions of waterfowl that breed in the region. This knowledge gap creates significant barriers to the integrative management of fires and waterfowl, leading to fire policies that largely disregard waterfowl. Waterfowl populations across the western boreal forest of North America have been monitored annually since 1955 by the Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey (BPOP), widely considered the most extensive wildlife survey in the world. Using these data, we examined impacts of forest fires on abundance of two waterfowl guilds - dabblers and divers. We modelled waterfowl abundance in relation to fire extent (i.e. amount of survey transect burned) and time since fire, examining both immediate and lagged fire impacts. From 1955 to 2014, >1100 fires in the western boreal forest intersected BPOP survey transects, and many transects burned multiple times. Nonetheless, fires had no detectable impact on waterfowl abundance; annual transect counts of dabbler and diver pairs remained stable from the pre- to post-fire period. The absence of fire impacts on waterfowl abundance extended from the years immediately following the fire to those more than a decade afterwards. Likewise, the amount of transect burned did not influence waterfowl abundance, with similar pair counts from the pre- to post-fire period for small (1-20% burned), medium (21-60%) and large (>60%) burns.Policy implications. Waterfowl populations appear largely resilient to forest fires, providing initial evidence that current policies of limited fire suppression, which predominate throughout much of the boreal forest, have not been detrimental to waterfowl populations. Likewise, fire-related management actions, such as prescribed burning or targeted suppression, seem to have limited impacts on waterfowl abundance and productivity. For waterfowl managers, our results suggest that adaptive models of waterfowl harvest, which annually guide hunting quotas, do not need to emphasize fires when integrating climate change effects. Waterfowl populations appear largely resilient to forest fires, providing initial evidence that current policies of limited fire suppression, which predominate throughout much of the boreal forest, have not been detrimental to waterfowl populations. Likewise, fire-related management actions, such as prescribed burning or targeted suppression, seem to have limited impacts on waterfowl abundance and productivity. For waterfowl managers, our results suggest that adaptive models of waterfowl harvest, which annually guide hunting quotas, do not need to emphasize fires when integrating climate change effects. C1 [Lewis, Tyler L.; Schmutz, Joel A.; Amundson, Courtney L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Lewis, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM tlewis@usgs.gov FU Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey FX Funding provided by Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey. R. Rau provided BPOP data. Use of trade, product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1746 EP 1754 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12705 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC0DT UT WOS:000387768800012 ER PT J AU Hough, SE Martin, SS Gahalaut, V Joshi, A Landes, M Bossu, R AF Hough, Susan E. Martin, Stacey S. Gahalaut, Vineet Joshi, Anand Landes, M. Bossu, R. TI A comparison of observed and predicted ground motions from the 2015 M(W)7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Gorkha; Nepal; Earthquake; Ground motions ID W 7.8 GORKHA; MACROSEISMIC DATA; WESTERN NEPAL; INTENSITY; INDIA; MAGNITUDE; EQUATIONS; THRUST; BASIN; AMPLIFICATION AB We use 21 strong motion recordings from Nepal and India for the 25 April 2015 moment magnitude (M-W) 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake together with the extensive macroseismic intensity data set presented by Martin et al. (Seism Res Lett 87:957-962, 2015) to analyse the distribution of ground motions at near-field and regional distances. We show that the data are consistent with the instrumental peak ground acceleration (PGA) versus macroseismic intensity relationship developed by Worden et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 102:204-221, 2012), and use this relationship to estimate peak ground acceleration from intensities (PGA(EMS)). For nearest-fault distances (R-RUP < 200 km), PGA(EMS) is consistent with the Atkinson and Boore (Bull Seism Soc Am 93:1703-1729, 2003) subduction zone ground motion prediction equation (GMPE). At greater distances (R-RUP > 200 km), instrumental PGA values are consistent with this GMPE, while PGA(EMS) is systematically higher. We suggest the latter reflects a duration effect whereby effects of weak shaking are enhanced by long-duration and/or long-period ground motions from a large event at regional distances. We use PGA(EMS) values within 200 km to investigate the variability of high-frequency ground motions using the Atkinson and Boore (Bull Seism Soc Am 93:1703-1729, 2003) GMPE as a baseline. Across the near-field region, PGA(EMS) is higher by a factor of 2.0-2.5 towards the northern, down-dip edge of the rupture compared to the near-field region nearer to the southern, up-dip edge of the rupture. Inferred deamplification in the deepest part of the Kathmandu valley supports the conclusion that former lake-bed sediments experienced a pervasive nonlinear response during the mainshock (Dixit et al. in Seismol Res Lett 86(6):1533-1539, 2015; Rajaure et al. in Tectonophysics, 2016. Ground motions were significantly amplified in the southern Gangetic basin, but were relatively low in the northern basin. The overall distribution of ground motions and damage during the Gorkha earthquake thus reflects a combination of complex source, path, and site effects. We also present a macroseismic intensity data set and analysis of ground motions for the M(W)7.3 Dolakha aftershock on 12 May 2015, which we compare to the Gorkha mainshock and conclude was likely a high stress-drop event. C1 [Hough, Susan E.] USGS, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Martin, Stacey S.] Nanyang Technol Univ, EOS, 50 Nanyang Ave,N2-01a-14, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Gahalaut, Vineet] NCS, Minist Earth Sci, Lodhi Rd, Delhi 110003, India. [Joshi, Anand] IIT, Dept Earth Sci, Roorkee 247667, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Landes, M.; Bossu, R.] CEA, European Mediterranean Seism Ctr, Ctr DAM Ile France, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RP Hough, SE (reprint author), USGS, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. EM hough@usgs.gov; 7point1@gmail.com; vkgahalaut@yahoo.com; anandfes@iitr.ernet.in; bossu@emsc-csem.org OI Martin, Stacey/0000-0003-4429-5835 FU Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), a branch of the US Agency for International Development (USAID); Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centres of Excellence initiative FX We are thankful for helpful conversations with Pablo Ampuero, Domniki Asimaki, Aron Meltzner, and Sudhir Rajaure, to Eric Thompson for providing predicted PGA values for the BSSA14 GMPE, to Gail Atkinson for providing predicted PGA values for the Ghofrani and Atkinson (2014) GMPE, and to Christina Widiwijayanti for providing us a copy of Ohsumi et al. (2016). We are further grateful to Aron Meltzner and Bruce Worden for constructive reviews of an earlier version of this manuscript, and to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive reviews. SEH was supported by the Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), a branch of the US Agency for International Development (USAID). SSM was supported by Kerry Sieh through the National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centres of Excellence initiative. This work comprises Earth Observatory of Singapore contribution no. 116. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X EI 1573-0840 J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD DEC PY 2016 VL 84 IS 3 BP 1661 EP 1684 DI 10.1007/s11069-016-2505-8 PG 24 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA EC5PJ UT WOS:000388187900009 ER PT J AU Barron, JM Twibell, RG Hill, HA Hanson, KC Gannam, AL AF Barron, James M. Twibell, Ronald G. Hill, Heidi A. Hanson, Kyle C. Gannam, Ann L. TI Development of diets for the intensive culture of Pacific lamprey SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pacific lamprey; ammocoete; larval; nutrition ID AMERICAN BROOK LAMPREY; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; LARVAL LAMPREYS; FATTY-ACIDS; FISH; WILD; LAKES; FOOD AB The Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is an ancestral species of critical importance to the ecosystem and indigenous cultures in the Pacific Northwest. Conservation aquaculture has been proposed as a potential technique to restore Pacific lamprey populations. Intensive culture methods and diets for this species have not been developed. A sixteen week feeding trial tested the effects of seven diet treatments on the survival, growth, fatty acid profile and whole body lipid content of Pacific lamprey ammocoetes. Dietary treatments were: active dry yeast, yeast plus fish oil emulsion, micro-algae, micro-algae plus fish oil emulsion, yeast with micro-algae, yeast with microalgae plus fish oil emulsion and yeast with larval fish diet. Each diet was offered to five replicate tanks stocked with 20 ammocoetes that were 51 days post hatch. Survival during the trial was not affected by diet. The greatest length and weight increases were in fish fed diets containing yeast. Growth decreased as the amount of algae in the diet was increased. Lipid retention was significantly higher in fish fed yeast with larval fish diet relative to the other treatments. Feed conversion ratio was lowest in fish fed diets containing yeast. Whole body fatty acid profiles tended to reflect the fatty acid profile of the diet. Percentages of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing fish oil emulsion. Overall, yeast with larval fish diet provided the best growth performance in larval Pacific lamprey. C1 [Barron, James M.; Twibell, Ronald G.; Hill, Heidi A.; Hanson, Kyle C.; Gannam, Ann L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Barron, JM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM james_barron@fws.gov FU USFWS Pacific Region Fisheries Resources Program through the Fisheries Operational Needs System [13210-2013-148] FX We thank Matt Mesa, Helena Christiansen, US Geological Survey Columbia River Research Laboratory, for the lamprey ammocoetes; Nathan Hyde, Richard Glenn, Jeff Poole, Jim Lowell, Abernathy Fish Technology Center for assistance with the project; and Deputy Director Patty Crandell at Abernathy Fish Technology Center for her critical review of this work. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive reviews of the manuscript. The study was funded by the USFWS Pacific Region Fisheries Resources Program through the Fisheries Operational Needs System, project #13210-2013-148. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the Federal government. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 46 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X EI 1365-2109 J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 47 IS 12 BP 3899 EP 3906 DI 10.1111/are.12840 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB8TD UT WOS:000387663000019 ER PT J AU Burns, DA Aherne, J Gay, DA Lehmann, CMB AF Burns, Douglas A. Aherne, Julian Gay, David A. Lehmann, Christopher M. B. TI Acid rain and its environmental effects: Recent scientific advances Preface SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEPOSITION; PRECIPITATION; POLLUTION; NITROGEN; AMMONIA C1 [Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Aherne, Julian] Trent Univ, Sch Environm, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Gay, David A.] Univ Illinois, US Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, 2204 Griffith Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Lehmann, Christopher M. B.] Univ Illinois, US Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Cent Analyt Lab, 2204 Griffith Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Burns, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM daburns@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 37 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 146 SI SI BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.019 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC3UG UT WOS:000388051700001 ER PT J AU Clow, DW Williams, MW Schuster, PF AF Clow, David W. Williams, Mark W. Schuster, Paul F. TI Increasing aeolian dust deposition to snowpacks in the Rocky Mountains inferred from snowpack, wet deposition, and aerosol chemistry SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Acid Rain Conference (Acid Rain) CY OCT, 2015 CL Rochester, NY DE Aeolian; Carbonate; Dust; Snow; Trends; Snowmelt ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; SAHARAN DUST; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; WIND EROSION; CLIMATE; COLORADO; DESERT; IMPACTS; REGIONS AB Mountain snowpacks are a vital natural resource for similar to 1.5 billion people in the northern Hemisphere, helping to meet human and ecological demand for water in excess of that provided by summer rain. Springtime warming and aeolian dust deposition accelerate snowmelt, increasing the risk of water shortages during late summer, when demand is greatest. While climate networks provide data that can be used to evaluate the effect of warming on snowpack resources, there are no established regional networks for monitoring aeolian dust deposition to snow. In this study, we test the hypothesis that chemistry of snow, wet deposition, and aerosols can be used as a surrogate for dust deposition to snow. We then analyze spatial patterns and temporal trends in inferred springtime dust deposition to snow across the Rocky Mountains, USA, for 1993-2014. Geochemical evidence, including strong correlations (r(2) >= 0.94) between Ca2+, alkalinity, and dust concentrations in snow deposited during dust events, indicate that carbonate minerals in dust impart a strong chemical signature that can be used to track dust deposition to snow. Spatial patterns in chemistry of snow, wet deposition, and aerosols indicate that dust deposition increases from north to south in the Rocky Mountains, and temporal trends indicate that winter/spring dust deposition increased by 81% in the southern Rockies during 1993-2014. Using a multivariate modeling approach, we determined that increases in dust deposition and decreases in springtime snowfall combined to accelerate snowmelt timing in the southern Rockies by approximately 7-18 days between 1993 and 2014. Previous studies have shown that aeolian dust emissions may have doubled globally during the 20th century, possibly due to drought and land-use change. Climate projections for increased aridity in the southwestern U.S., northern Africa, and other mid-latitude regions of the northern Hemisphere suggest that aeolian dust emissions may continue to increase, compounding the risk that climate warming poses to snowpack water resources in arid/semi-arid regions of the world. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Clow, David W.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Williams, Mark W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, UCB 360, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Schuster, Paul F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 3215 Marine St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Clow, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM dwclow@usgs.gov OI Schuster, Paul/0000-0002-8314-1372; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 146 SI SI BP 183 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.076 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC3UG UT WOS:000388051700017 ER PT J AU Sabo, RD Scanga, SE Lawrence, GB Nelson, DM Eshleman, KN Zabala, GA Alinea, AA Schirmer, CD AF Sabo, Robert D. Scanga, Sara E. Lawrence, Gregory B. Nelson, David M. Eshleman, Keith N. Zabala, Gabriel A. Alinea, Alexandria A. Schirmer, Charles D. TI Watershed-scale changes in terrestrial nitrogen cycling during a period of decreased atmospheric nitrate and sulfur deposition SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Acid Rain Conference (Acid Rain) CY OCT, 2015 CL Rochester, NY DE Terrestrial N cycling; Nitrate; Tree rings; Acid deposition; Temperate forest; Stable isotopes; Streams ID TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; SUGAR MAPLE; NEW-YORK; ADIRONDACK REGION; EPISODIC ACIDIFICATION; ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; SOIL ACIDIFICATION AB Recent reports suggest that decreases in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition throughout Europe and North America may have resulted in declining nitrate export in surface waters in recent decades, yet it is unknown if and how terrestrial N cycling was affected. During a period of decreased atmospheric N deposition, we assessed changes in forest N cycling by evaluating trends in tree-ring delta N-15 values (between 1980 and 2010; n = 20 trees per watershed), stream nitrate yields (between 2000 and 2011), and retention of atmospherically-deposited N (between 2000 and 2011) in the North and South Tributaries (North and South, respectively) of Buck Creek in the Adirondack Mountains, USA. We hypothesized that tree-ring delta N-15 values would decline following decreases in atmospheric N deposition (after approximately 1995), and that trends in stream nitrate export and retention of atmospherically deposited N would mirror changes in tree-ring delta N-15 values. Three of the six sampled tree species and the majority of individual trees showed declining linear trends in delta N-15 for the period 1980-2010; only two individual trees showed increasing trends in delta N-15 values. From 1980 to 2010, trees in the watersheds of both tributaries displayed long-term declines in tree-ring delta N-15 values at the watershed scale (R = -0.35 and p = 0.001 in the North and R = -037 and p <0.001 in the South). The decreasing delta N-15 trend in the North was associated with declining stream nitrate concentrations (-0.009 mg N L-1 yr(-1), p = 0.02), but no change in the retention of atmospherically deposited N was observed. In contrast, nitrate yields in the South did not exhibit a trend, and the watershed became less retentive of atmospherically deposited N (-7.3% yr(-1), p < 0.001). Our delta N-15 results indicate a change in terrestrial N availability in both watersheds prior to decreases in atmospheric N deposition, suggesting that decreased atmospheric N deposition was not the sole driver of tree-ring delta N-15 values at these sites. Other factors, such as decreased sulfur deposition, disturbance, long-term successional trends, and/or increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, may also influence trends in tree-ring delta N-15 values. Furthermore, declines in terrestrial N availability inferred from tree-ring delta N-15 values do not always correspond with decreased stream nitrate export or increased retention of atmospherically deposited N. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sabo, Robert D.; Nelson, David M.; Eshleman, Keith N.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, 301 Braddock Rd, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Scanga, Sara E.; Zabala, Gabriel A.; Alinea, Alexandria A.] Utica Coll, Dept Biol, 1600 Burrstone Rd, Utica, NY 13502 USA. [Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Schirmer, Charles D.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Sabo, RD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, 301 Braddock Rd, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. EM rsabo@umces.edu RI Nelson, David/D-5596-2009; Eshleman, Keith/J-6531-2015 OI Nelson, David/0000-0003-2755-5535; NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 146 SI SI BP 271 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.055 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC3UG UT WOS:000388051700026 ER PT J AU Salvano, C AF Salvano, Chris TI MAP ROOM SO CALIFORNIA HISTORY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Salvano, Chris] Calif State Univ Northridge, Geog Map Lib, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. [Salvano, Chris] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Salvano, C (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, Geog Map Lib, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.; Salvano, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 678 MISSION ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105-4014 USA SN 0162-2897 J9 CALIF HIST JI Calif. Hist. PD WIN PY 2016 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2 EP 3 PG 2 WC History SC History GA EC3ZY UT WOS:000388066800002 ER PT J AU Kronholm, SC Capel, PD Terziotti, S AF Kronholm, Scott C. Capel, Paul D. Terziotti, Silvia TI Statistically Extracted Fundamental Watershed Variables for Estimating the Loads of Total Nitrogen in Small Streams SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Fundamental variables; Random forest regression; Recursive partitioning; Nitrogen; National model ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; UNITED-STATES; NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; SURFACE WATERS; LAND-USE; NUTRIENT; DELIVERY; SPARROW; IMPACT; MODEL AB Accurate estimation of total nitrogen loads is essential for evaluating conditions in the aquatic environment. Extrapolation of estimates beyond measured streams will greatly expand our understanding of total nitrogen loading to streams. Recursive partitioning and random forest regression were used to assess 85 geospatial, environmental, and watershed variables across 636 small (< 585 km(2)) watersheds to determine which variables are fundamentally important to the estimation of annual loads of total nitrogen. Initial analysis led to the splitting of watersheds into three groups based on predominant land use (agricultural, developed, and undeveloped). Nitrogen application, agricultural and developed land area, and impervious or developed land in the 100-m stream buffer were commonly extracted variables by both recursive partitioning and random forest regression. A series of multiple linear regression equations utilizing the extracted variables were created and applied to the watersheds. As few as three variables explained as much as 76 % of the variability in total nitrogen loads for watersheds with predominantly agricultural land use. Catchment-scale national maps were generated to visualize the total nitrogen loads and yields across the USA. The estimates provided by these models can inform water managers and help identify areas where more in-depth monitoring may be beneficial. C1 [Kronholm, Scott C.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci, 173 McNeal Hall,1985 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Capel, Paul D.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, 122 Civil Engn Bldg,500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Terziotti, Silvia] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, 3916 Sunset Ridge Rd, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Kronholm, SC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci, 173 McNeal Hall,1985 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kron0108@umn.edu; capel@usgs.gov; seterzio@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geologic Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program; University of Minnesota Water Resource Science program FX We would like to acknowledge the support of the U.S. Geologic Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program and the University of Minnesota Water Resource Science program. We would also like to thank the U.S. Geological Survey scientists that collected the data, calculated the loads, and developed the SPARROW models. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The data and other information from this work (referred to in the text as "Online Resource") can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7TX3CGB. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-2026 EI 1573-2967 J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS JI Environ. Model. Assess. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 21 IS 6 BP 681 EP 690 DI 10.1007/s10666-016-9525-3 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EB8UZ UT WOS:000387668000001 ER PT J AU Burns, DA Miller, MP Pellerin, BA Capel, PD AF Burns, Douglas A. Miller, Matthew P. Pellerin, Brian A. Capel, Paul D. TI Patterns of diel variation in nitrate concentrations in the Potomac River SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; nitrate; diel variation; Potomac River; Chesapeake Bay; in-stream loss ID WATER-QUALITY; NORTHEASTERN USA; CHESAPEAKE BAY; MASS-BALANCE; NO3-UPTAKE; STREAM; NITROGEN; DENITRIFICATION; TRANSPORT; RETENTION AB The Potomac River is a large source of N to Chesapeake Bay, where reducing nutrient loads is a focus of efforts to improve trophic status. Better understanding of NO3- loss, reflected in part by diel variation in NO3- concentrations, may refine model predictions of N loads to the Bay. We analyzed 2 y of high-frequency NO3- sensor data in the Potomac to quantify seasonal variation in the magnitude and timing of diel NO3- loss. Diel patterns were evident, especially during low flow, despite broad seasonal and flow-driven variation in NO3- concentrations. Diel variation was similar to 0.01 mg N/L in winter and 0.02 to 0.03 mg N/L in summer with intermediate values in spring and autumn, equivalent to <1% of the daily mean NO3- concentration in winter and similar to 2 to 4% in summer. Maximum diel NO3- values generally occurred in mid- to late morning, with more repeatable patterns in summer and wider variation in autumn and winter. Diel NO3- loss reduced loads by 0.7% in winter and 3% in summer. These losses were less than estimates of total in-stream NO3- load loss across the basin that averaged 33% of the annual groundwater contribution to the river. Water temperature and discharge had stronger relationships to the daily magnitude of diel NO3- variation than did photosynthetically active radiation. Estimated diel areal NO3- loss rates were generally >1000 mg N m(-2) d(-1), greater than most published values because measurements in this large river integrate over a greater depth/unit stream bottom area than do those from smaller rivers. These diel NO3- patterns are consistent with the influence of photoautotrophic uptake and related denitrification, but we cannot attribute these patterns to assimilation alone because the magnitude and timing of diel dynamics were affected to an unknown extent by processes, such as evapotranspiration, transient storage, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Improvements to diel loss estimates will require additional high-frequency measures, such as dissolved O-2, dissolved organic N, and NH4+, and deployment of 2 measurement stations. C1 [Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Miller, Matthew P.] US Geol Survey, 2329 West Orton Circle, West Valley City, UT 84119 USA. [Pellerin, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Room 5A116,MS 412, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Capel, Paul D.] US Geol Survey, 122 Civil Engn Bldg,500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Burns, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM daburns@usgs.gov; mamiller@usgs.gov; bpeller@usgs.gov; capel@usgs.gov OI Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2537-1823 FU US Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Use of brand names is for identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Geological Survey. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1117 EP 1132 DI 10.1086/688777 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4FC UT WOS:000388080700006 ER PT J AU Alexander, JD Bartholomew, JL Wright, KA Som, NA Hetrick, NJ AF Alexander, Julie D. Bartholomew, Jerri L. Wright, Katrina A. Som, Nicholas A. Hetrick, Nicholas J. TI Integrating models to predict distribution of the invertebrate host of myxosporean parasites SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Manayunkia speciosa; salmonid disease; enteronecrosis; Ceratonova shasta; Parvicapsula minibicornis; two-dimensional hydraulic model; niche ID FRESH-WATER POLYCHAETE; KLAMATH RIVER-BASIN; CERATOMYXA-SHASTA; MANAYUNKIA-SPECIOSA; PARVICAPSULA-MINIBICORNIS; OREGON-CALIFORNIA; SOCKEYE-SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Manayunkia speciosa, a freshwater polychaete, is the invertebrate host of myxosporean parasites that negatively affect salmonid populations in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. Factors that drive the distribution of M. speciosa are not well understood, which constrains our understanding of disease dynamics and the development of management solutions. We described the distribution of M. speciosa at 3 sites on the Klamath River, California, based on 2-dimensional hydraulic models (2DHMs) and a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). 2DHMs were built to explain hydraulic variation at each site and used to stratify biological sampling effort along depth-velocity gradients and by substrate class. We assessed the presence/absence of M. speciosa at 362 georeferenced locations in July 2012 and built GLMMs to describe relationships between hydraulic and substrate variables and the distribution of M. speciosa. The best-fitting GLMMs demonstrated that M. speciosa distributions were associated with depth-velocity conditions and substrate size during base discharge (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.88) and at peak discharge (AUC = 0.86). We evaluated the GLMMs with an independent data set collected in July 2013 (n = 280) and found that the top models predicted the distribution of M. speciosa with a high degree of accuracy (AUC = 0.90). These results support the conclusion that the summer distribution of M. speciosa is related to observed hydraulic and substrate conditions during base discharge (summer) and modeled hydraulic and substrate conditions during peak discharge (late winter to early spring). These results may have implications for the use of flow manipulation as a disease management tool. These results also illustrate the importance of examining species distribution data in the context of temporally disconnected environmental factors and demonstrate how models can fulfill this need. C1 [Alexander, Julie D.; Bartholomew, Jerri L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97337 USA. [Wright, Katrina A.; Som, Nicholas A.; Hetrick, Nicholas J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Som, Nicholas A.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Som, Nicholas A.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Alexander, JD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97337 USA. EM alexanju@science.oregonstate.edu; bartholj@science.oregonstate.edu; katrina_wright@fws.gov; nicholas_som@fws.gov; nick_hetrick@fws.gov FU Bureau of Reclamation [R15PG00065]; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation [8006.2013.041149/2010-0501-005] FX We thank the following persons for hydraulic model development: D. H. Goodman, T. B. Hardy; field assistance: M. Jordan, M. Jakaitis, R. Craig, E. Nebergall, R. Ray, M. Magneson, L. Knutson, S. Rizza, J. Green, N. Van Vleet, E. Chen, P. Colombano, A. Goodman, S. Gough, S. Burstein, K. Smith; laboratory assistance: M. Jordan, C. Fisher, J. Graen, T. Wilson. We thank the editors and 2 anonymous referees for their time and constructive comments, which helped us to improve the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Bureau of Reclamation through cooperative agreement R15PG00065, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 8006.2013.041149/2010-0501-005. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1263 EP 1275 DI 10.1086/688342 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4FC UT WOS:000388080700017 ER PT J AU Smit, R Kaeser, A AF Smit, Reuben Kaeser, Adam TI Defining freshwater mussel mesohabitat associations in an alluvial, Coastal Plain river SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE freshwater mussel habitat; mesohabitat; side scan sonar; Apalachicola River ID SIDE-SCAN SONAR; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; SPECIES RICHNESS; UNIONID MUSSELS; HABITAT; STREAM; ABUNDANCE; CHANNEL; NORTH; VARIABLES AB Defining freshwater mussel habitat in large, turbid rivers is challenging but essential to effective conservation. Hydraulic investigations have confirmed that mussels persist in discrete flow refugia, areas where riverbed sediment is stable during high-discharge events. However, approaches to identify these patches often involve detailed field measurements or mathematical models that may limit their applications across wide spatial extents. We used low-cost, sonar habitat mapping to delineate a mesohabitat classification scheme based primarily upon variations in substrate bedforms and position within the river channel. Bedforms in sand-bed rivers function as indicators of turbulent flow and hydraulic conditions at the sediment-water interface. We used the resulting map to conduct a stratified mussel survey to assess mussel-habitat associations at multiple scales. In addition, we assessed habitat persistence by remapping a portion of the study area following flood-level discharge events and conducting a time-lapse, change-detection analysis. We found strong relationships between freshwater mussel occurrence and mesohabitat type and between mussel abundance and variables such as distance to low-flow bank, distance to unstable habitat, and distance from the river mouth. Mussels were found throughout recirculation-zone mesohabitats, areas of the channel traditionally recognized as flow refugia, but also were found unexpectedly throughout pool/outer bend mesohabitats. The sonar mapping approach identified 2x as many patches and 10x the quantity of recirculation-zone habitat in the study area than previously identified using traditional approaches. Mesohabitat boundaries changed little after flood events, further explaining the widespread occurrence of mussels throughout habitats characterized simply by their smooth/plane bedform appearance in sonar imagery. The mesoscale approach demonstrated in our study is a strategy for investigating freshwater mussels and other aquatic organisms in large, turbid rivers. C1 [Smit, Reuben] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kaeser, Adam] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Panama City Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Panama City, FL 32405 USA. RP Smit, R (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM reuben.smit@spokanetribe.com; adam_kaeser@fws.gov NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1276 EP 1290 DI 10.1086/688928 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EC4FC UT WOS:000388080700018 ER PT J AU Vatovec, C Phillips, P Van Wagoner, E Scott, TM Furlong, E AF Vatovec, Christine Phillips, Patrick Van Wagoner, Emily Scott, Tia-Marie Furlong, Edward TI Investigating dynamic sources of pharmaceuticals: Demographic and seasonal use are more important than down-the-drain disposal in wastewater effluent in a University City setting SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Demographic shift; Pharmaceuticals in wastewater; University community; Interdisciplinary research; Mixed-methods ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; ILLICIT DRUGS; ENVIRONMENT; OSELTAMIVIR; MEDICATIONS; CHALLENGES; SEWAGE; PPCPS AB Pharmaceutical pollution in surface waters poses risks to human and ecosystem health. Wastewater treatment facilities are primary sources of pharmaceutical pollutants, but little is known about the factors that affect drugs entering the wastewater stream. This paper investigates the effects of student pharmaceutical use and disposal behaviors and an annual demographic shift on pharmaceutical pollution in a university town. We sampled wastewater effluent during a ten-day annual spring student move-out period at the University of Vermont. We then interpreted these data in light of survey results that investigated pharmaceutical purchasing, use, and disposal practices among the university student population. Surveys indicated that the majority of student respondents purchased pharmaceuticals in the previous year. Many students reported having leftover drugs, though only a small portion disposed of them, mainly in the trash. We detected 51 pharmaceuticals in 80% or more of the wastewater effluent samples collected over the ten-day sampling period. Several increased in concentration after students left the area. Concentrations of caffeine and nicotine decreased weakly. Drug disposal among this university student population does not appear to be a major source of pharmaceuticals in wastewater. Increases in pharmaceutical concentration after the students left campus can be tied to an increase in the seasonal use of allergy medications directly related to pollen, as well as a demographic shift to a year-round older population, which supports national data that older people use larger volumes and different types of pharmaceuticals than the younger student population. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vatovec, Christine] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA. [Phillips, Patrick; Scott, Tia-Marie] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY USA. [Van Wagoner, Emily] Univ Vermont, Environm Program, Burlington, VT USA. [Furlong, Edward] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP Vatovec, C (reprint author), Univ Vermont, 303C Aiken Ctr,81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05446 USA. EM cvatovec@uvm.edu FU Lintilhac Foundation; University of Vermont Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources; Office of Health Promotion Research; College of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Biochemistry, Department of Family Medicine, and Department of Surgery FX The authors thank Kyle Arndt and Dan Edwards for their assistance with wastewater effluent sample collection, and Alan Howard for assistance with statistical analyses. The Lintilhac Foundation generously provided funding support for this research. This study was also supported in part by the University of Vermont Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, the Office of Health Promotion Research, the College of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Biochemistry, Department of Family Medicine, and Department of Surgery. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 572 BP 906 EP 914 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.199 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC0RA UT WOS:000387807200084 PM 27581107 ER PT J AU Madison, M AF Madison, Mark TI Grizzly West: A Failed Attempt to Reintroduce Grizzly Bears in the Mountain West SO WESTERN HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Madison, Mark] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC 20240 USA. RP Madison, M (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC 20240 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0043-3810 EI 1939-8603 J9 WESTERN HIST QUART JI West. Hist. Q. PD WIN PY 2016 VL 47 IS 4 BP 481 EP 482 PG 3 WC History SC History GA EC4DO UT WOS:000388076400011 ER PT J AU Kinziger, AP Hellmair, M Fong, SR Goodman, DH Kelsey, H AF Kinziger, Andrew P. Hellmair, Michael Fong, Steven R. Goodman, Damon H. Kelsey, Harvey TI Evolution of rough sculpin (Cottus asperrimus) genetic divergence and late Quaternary displacement on the Hat Creek fault, California, USA SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Phylogeography; Hat Creek fault; genetic structure; Threatened species; Rough sculpin; Cottus asperrimus ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; AMERICAN FRESH-WATER; PIT RIVER DRAINAGE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; DIVERSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AB The rough sculpin (Cottus asperrimus) is a threatened species whose geographic range in northwestern California, USA is disrupted by Hat Creek fault. We tested whether the fluvial barriers (rapids and waterfalls) produced by this fault have generated significant phylogeographic structure among rough sculpin populations by analyzing variation in microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA. Rough sculpin isolated on either side of Hat Creek fault exhibited significant genetic divergence (microsatellite F (ST) = 0.36; mitochondrial uncorrected p distance = 1 %). Independently derived estimates for the date of divergence, based upon a molecular clock and upon the age of slip on the Hat Creek fault are concordant and indicate divergence was initiated about 0.5-1 million years ago. Based upon the findings of our genetic analysis and the Pleistocene geologic history of midsections of the Pit River, we present a model of evolution of rough sculpin genetic divergence and late Quaternary displacement on Hat Creek fault. Our findings reveal that rough sculpin exhibit significant population structure and that two management units should be recognized within the species for future conservation planning. C1 [Kinziger, Andrew P.; Fong, Steven R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, One Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Hellmair, Michael] Landesfischereizentrum Vorarlberg, Auhafendamm 1, A-6971 Hard, Austria. [Goodman, Damon H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1655 Heindon Rd, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Kelsey, Harvey] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Geol, One Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Kinziger, AP (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, One Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM Andrew.Kinziger@humboldt.edu NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1257 EP 1267 DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0859-9 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA EB2WB UT WOS:000387222200003 ER PT J AU Doyle, JM Katzner, TE Roemer, GW Cain, JW Millsap, BA McIntyre, CL Sonsthagen, SA Fernandez, NB Wheeler, M Bulut, Z Bloom, PH DeWoody, JA AF Doyle, Jacqueline M. Katzner, Todd E. Roemer, Gary W. Cain, James W., III Millsap, Brian A. McIntyre, Carol L. Sonsthagen, Sarah A. Fernandez, Nadia B. Wheeler, Maria Bulut, Zafer Bloom, Peter H. DeWoody, J. Andrew TI Genetic structure and viability selection in the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), a vagile raptor with a Holarctic distribution SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Allelic diversity; Effective population size; Repeatability; Fluidigm; Heterozygosity fitness correlation; Genetic mating system; Genetic monogamy ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; CONSERVATION UNITS; INTERIOR ALASKA; GENOME SEQUENCE; NORTH-AMERICA; SNP DISCOVERY; HETEROZYGOSITY; DIVERSITY AB Molecular markers can reveal interesting aspects of organismal ecology and evolution, especially when surveyed in rare or elusive species. Herein, we provide a preliminary assessment of golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) population structure in North America using novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNPs included one molecular sexing marker, two mitochondrial markers, 85 putatively neutral markers that were derived from noncoding regions within large intergenic intervals, and 74 putatively nonneutral markers found in or very near protein-coding genes. We genotyped 523 eagle samples at these 162 SNPs and quantified genotyping error rates and variability at each marker. Our samples corresponded to 344 individual golden eagles as assessed by unique multilocus genotypes. Observed heterozygosity of known adults was significantly higher than of chicks, as was the number of heterozygous loci, indicating that mean zygosity measured across all 159 autosomal markers was an indicator of fitness as it is associated with eagle survival to adulthood. Finally, we used chick samples of known provenance to test for population differentiation across portions of North America and found pronounced structure among geographic sampling sites. These data indicate that cryptic genetic population structure is likely widespread in the golden eagle gene pool, and that extensive field sampling and genotyping will be required to more clearly delineate management units within North America and elsewhere. C1 [Doyle, Jacqueline M.; Fernandez, Nadia B.; DeWoody, J. Andrew] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Doyle, Jacqueline M.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Roemer, Gary W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Cain, James W., III] New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, US Geol Survey, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Millsap, Brian A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 2105 Osuna NE, Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA. [McIntyre, Carol L.] Natl Pk Serv, 4175 Geist Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Sonsthagen, Sarah A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Wheeler, Maria] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. [Bulut, Zafer] Selcuk Univ, Dept Biochem, TR-42031 Konya, Turkey. [Bloom, Peter H.] Bloom Biol Inc, 13611 Hewes Ave, Santa Ana, CA 92705 USA. [DeWoody, J. Andrew] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Doyle, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Doyle, JM (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM jdoyle@towson.edu OI Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Bureau of Land Management [L12AC20102, L11PX02237, L12AC2010]; California Department of Fish and Wildlife [P1182024]; Provost's Office at Purdue University (University Faculty Scholar program) FX The authors thank A. Capparella, J. Cooper, D. Driscoll, J. Fallon, D. Kramar, M. Kuishn, M. Lanzone, T. Miller, R. Murphy, K. O'Malley, J. Papp, K. Rogers, S. Slater, D. Stafford, D. Stahlecker, S. Thomas, L. Tran, S. Van Arsdae, and D. Wilst for their assistance collecting golden eagle samples. Special thanks to J. Willoughby for assistance generating Fig. 1, M. Sundaram for assistance with statistics, and to DeWoody lab members for comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. The Nature Conservancy provided permission to use their lands. This work was supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (award numbers L12AC20102, L11PX02237, and L12AC2010), the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (Agreement #P1182024), and the Provost's Office at Purdue University (University Faculty Scholar program). Eagle tissue and feather samples were collected under appropriate scientific collecting permits. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 18 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1307 EP 1322 DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0863-0 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA EB2WB UT WOS:000387222200007 ER PT J AU Olsen, JB Kinziger, AP Wenburg, JK Lewis, CJ Phillips, CT Ostrand, KG AF Olsen, Jeffrey B. Kinziger, Andrew P. Wenburg, John K. Lewis, Cara J. Phillips, Catherine T. Ostrand, Kenneth G. TI Genetic diversity and divergence in the fountain darter (Etheostoma fonticola): implications for conservation of an endangered species SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Fountain darter; Genetic diversity; Endangered species; Reintroduction; Effective founder number ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; LOW-HEAD DAM; RE-IMPLEMENTATION; LIFE-HISTORY; HABITAT; RIVER; SOFTWARE; TESTS; FISH; MACROINVERTEBRATES AB The endangered fountain darter Etheostoma fonticola is found only in the Comal and San Marcos rivers in the Guadalupe River basin in central Texas, USA. Comal River fountain darters were believed to be extirpated following a severe drought in the 1950s and were reintroduced in the early 1970s using 457 darters from the San Marcos River. In this study we used 23 microsatellite loci to describe and evaluate the genetic diversity, population structure and effective population size (N (e)) of fountain darters. We also evaluated the genetic effect of the Comal River reintroduction and the influence of low-head dams (dams) on dispersal in both rivers. Bayesian analysis of individual genotypes and Analysis of Molecular Variation supported two distinct populations concordant with the two rivers. Estimates of N (e) were much smaller (< 10 %) than census size (N (c)) in both rivers but did not indicate the populations are at risk of an immediate and rapid loss of genetic diversity. Coalescent-based estimates of the genetically effective number of founders (Nf) for the Comal River averaged about 49 darters and, together with the indices of genetic diversity and the bottleneck test (heterozygosity excess) results, were consistent with a founder event following the reintroduction in the Comal River. Finally, our results regarding the influence of dams on fountain darter dispersal were equivocal and did not support a conclusion. We recommend this issue be examined further as part of the fountain darter recovery program. C1 [Olsen, Jeffrey B.; Wenburg, John K.; Lewis, Cara J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, MS331, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Kinziger, Andrew P.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, One Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Phillips, Catherine T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Panama City Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Panama City, FL 32405 USA. [Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Olsen, JB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, MS331, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM jeffrey_olsen@fws.gov FU Edwards Aquifer Recovery Implementation Program FX This project was partially funded by the Edwards Aquifer Recovery Implementation Program. Additional thanks to anonymous for valuable suggestions regarding the composition of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1393 EP 1404 DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0869-7 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA EB2WB UT WOS:000387222200013 ER PT J AU Jules, ES Jackson, JI van Mantgem, PJ Beck, JS Murray, MP Sahara, EA AF Jules, Erik S. Jackson, Jenell I. van Mantgem, Phillip J. Beck, Jennifer S. Murray, Michael P. Sahara, E. April TI The relative contributions of disease and insects in the decline of a long-lived tree: a stochastic demographic model of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cronartium ribicola; Dendroctonus ponderosae; Life-table response experiment; Matrix population model; Mountain pine beetle; Pinus albicaulis; Population viability analysis; Stochastic population model; White pine blister rust; Whitebark pine ID INTEGRAL PROJECTION MODELS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BLISTER RUST; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BEETLE; FORESTS; CONSEQUENCES; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS AB Pathogens and insect pests have become increasingly important drivers of tree mortality in forested ecosystems. Unfortunately, understanding the relative contributions of multiple mortality agents to the population decline of trees is difficult, because it requires frequent measures of tree survival, growth, and recruitment, as well as the incidence of mortality agents. We present a population model of white bark pine (Pinus albicaulis), a high-elevation tree undergoing rapid decline in western North America. The loss of whitebark pine is thought to be primarily due to an invasive pathogen (white pine blister rust; Cronartium ribicola) and a native insect (mountain pine beetle; Dendroctonus ponderosae). We utilized seven plots in Crater Lake National Park (Oregon, USA) where 1220 trees were surveyed for health and the presence of blister rust and beetle activity annually from 2003-2014, except 2008. We constructed size-based projection matrices for nine years and calculated the deterministic growth rate (lambda) using an average matrix and the stochastic growth rate (As) by simulation for whitebark pine in our study population. We then assessed the roles of blister rust and beetles by calculating lambda and lambda(s) using matrices in which we removed trees with blister rust and, separately, trees with beetles. We also conducted life table response experiments (LTRE) to determine which demographic changes contributed most to differences in lambda between ambient conditions and the two other scenarios. The model suggests that whitebark pine in our plots are currently declining 1.1% per year (lambda = 0.9888, lambda(s) = 0.9899). Removing blister rust from the models resulted in almost no increase in growth (lambda = 0.9916, lambda(s) = 0.9930), while removing beetles resulted in a larger increase in growth (lambda = 1.0028, lambda(s) = 1.0045). The LTRE demonstrated that reductions in stasis of the three largest size classes due to beetles contributed most to the smaller lambda in the ambient condition. Our work demonstrates a method for assessing the relative effects of different mortality agents on declining tree populations, and it shows that the effects of insects and pathogens can be markedly different from one another. In our study, beetle activity significantly reduced tree population growth while a pathogen had minimal effect, thus management actions to stabilize our study population will likely need to include reducing beetle activity. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jules, Erik S.; Jackson, Jenell I.; Sahara, E. April] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [van Mantgem, Phillip J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Redwood Field Stn, 1655 Heindon Rd, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Beck, Jennifer S.] Crater Lake Natl Pk, Crater Lake, OR 97604 USA. [Murray, Michael P.] British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Nelson, BC, Canada. [Sahara, E. April] BBW Associates Inc, POB 702, Arcata, CA 95518 USA. RP Jules, ES (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM erik.jules@humboldt.edu FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey FX We thank Elena Thomas for many years of completing field work, and for her work on refining plot protocol. Many members of the Crater Lake National Park staff assisted with field work, including Seth Keena, Steve Thomas, Susie Roe-Andersen, and Kathryn Williams. Dan Barton and Michael Camann kindly gave advice about the development of our model, Sean Mohren helped build the database used to archive data from our demography plots, and Jonathon Nesmith and two anonymous reviewers edited earlier versions of our paper. Daniel San generously helped conceive of the project and also secure funding for the modeling portion of the work. We also thank Rob Mutch for use of his photographs (Fig. 1). This work was supported by the National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey. The use of trade, firm, or product names in this document is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 381 BP 144 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.022 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA EB6VC UT WOS:000387522700014 ER PT J AU Clements, WH Kashian, DR Kiffney, PM Zuellig, RE AF Clements, William H. Kashian, Donna R. Kiffney, Peter M. Zuellig, Robert E. TI Perspectives on the context-dependency of stream community responses to contaminants SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE benthic macroinvertebrates; contaminants; context-dependent responses; ecotoxicology; streams ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN STREAMS; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; HEAVY-METALS; MARINE PERIPHYTON; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; POPULATION-LEVEL; TOLERANCE PICT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UV-B AB Natural variation in the structure and function of aquatic communities along environmental or spatiotemporal gradients can influence how systems respond to biotic and abiotic disturbances. Although these context-dependent responses are a well-established element of basic ecology, they have received little attention from an ecotoxicological perspective. As the scope of freshwater bioassessment expands from single catchments to broad-scale, regional surveys, it has become apparent that community responses to contaminants can vary significantly among locations. This variability is generally considered a nuisance and an impediment to recognising ecological patterns; however, natural spatiotemporal variation in communities also provides opportunities to test hypotheses about context-dependent responses to contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. This study presents three examples of context-dependent responses of benthic stream communities to contaminants. We show how longitudinal variation in community composition, the development of tolerance to contaminants and exposure to multiple stressors influence the historical context of a community and hence may determine community responses to contaminants. Aquatic ecotoxicologists have made significant progress identifying abiotic factors that influence contaminant bioavailability and toxicity. A similar effort could be undertaken to identify specific ecological factors (e.g. community composition, natural disturbance regimes and life-history characteristics) that contribute to variation in susceptibility of communities to contaminants. Understanding the nature of context-dependent responses and the mechanisms responsible for variation among communities should be a key element of ecological risk assessment and a research priority in ecotoxicology. C1 [Clements, William H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kashian, Donna R.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Kiffney, Peter M.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol, Mukilteo, WA USA. [Zuellig, Robert E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Clements, WH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM willc@cnr.colostate.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Geological Survey; NIEHS Basic Superfund Research Program FX Funding to support our research on context-dependent responses of benthic communities was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Geological Survey and the NIEHS Basic Superfund Research Program. Comments by Ahmed Tlili, Mark Gessner and two anonymous reviewers significantly improved this manuscript. We are especially grateful to Drs. Tlili and Gessner for their invitation to contribute to this special issue on the interface between ecology and ecotoxicology. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 20 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 61 IS 12 SI SI BP 2162 EP 2170 DI 10.1111/fwb.12599 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB6OS UT WOS:000387504700015 ER PT J AU Hansen, MJ Nate, NA Chavarie, L Muir, AM Zimmerman, MS Krueger, CC AF Hansen, Michael J. Nate, Nancy A. Chavarie, Louise Muir, Andrew M. Zimmerman, Mara S. Krueger, Charles C. TI Life history differences between fat and lean morphs of lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) in Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Buoyancy; Survival; Mortality; Growth; Maturity ID BEAR-LAKE; TROUT MORPHOTYPES; FISH COMMUNITY; ARCTIC CHARR; VERTICAL MIGRATION; SALMONID COMMUNITY; PREDATION RISK; AGE VALIDATION; SHALLOW-WATER; GENETIC-BASIS AB Life history characteristics (size, age, plumpness, buoyancy, survival, growth, and maturity) were compared between fat and lean morphs of lake charr Salvelinus namaycush in Great Slave Lake, Canada, to determine if differences may reflect effects of resource polymorphism. Lake charr were sampled using graded-mesh gill nets set in three depth strata. Of 236 lake charr captured, 122 were a fat morph and 114 were a lean morph. Males and females did not differ from each other in any attributes for either fat or lean morphs. The fat morph averaged 15 mm longer, 481 g heavier, and 4.7 years older than the lean morph. The fat morph averaged 26% heavier and 48% more buoyant at length than the lean morph. Survival of the fat morph was 1.7% higher than that of the lean morph. The fat morph grew at a slower annual rate to a shorter asymptotic length than the lean morph. Fat and lean morphs matured at similar lengths and ages. We concluded that the connection between resource polymorphism and life histories in lean versus fat lake charr suggests that morph-specific restoration objectives may be needed in lakes where lake charr diversity is considered to be a restoration goal. C1 [Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Nate, Nancy A.; Chavarie, Louise; Krueger, Charles C.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, 1405 South Harrison Rd,115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Muir, Andrew M.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Zimmerman, Mara S.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Div Sci, Wild Salmonid Prod Evaluat Unit, Fish Program, 1111 Washington St Southeast, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. RP Hansen, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM michaelhansen@usgs.gov OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876 FU Fishery Research Program of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission FX Steve Ellis (Wildlife, Lands, and Environment Department of the Lutsel K'e Dene First Nation) and George Low (CDFO) helped us secure fish collection permits. Sam Boucher (Lutsel K'e, Northwest Territories), Shawn Buckley, Kelley Thompson, Stephanie Vaillancourt (Hay River, Northwest Territories), Peter Cott (Department of Fisheries & Oceans-Canada), Randy Eshenroder, Scott Miehls, Christopher Goddard (Great Lakes Fishery Commission) assisted with field work. Golder Associates (Yellowknife, Northwest Territories) assisted with logistical support and equipment. Julie Nieland and Zachary Beard (University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point) assisted with otolith processing. The Fishery Research Program of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission provided funding. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1984 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center. NR 99 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD DEC PY 2016 VL 783 IS 1 BP 21 EP 35 DI 10.1007/s10750-015-2633-2 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB2WE UT WOS:000387222500003 ER PT J AU Henriksen, EH Knudsen, R Kristoffersen, R Kuris, AM Lafferty, KD Siwertsson, A Amundsen, PA AF Henriksen, Eirik H. Knudsen, Rune Kristoffersen, Roar Kuris, Armand M. Lafferty, Kevin D. Siwertsson, Anna Amundsen, Per-Arne TI Ontogenetic dynamics of infection with Diphyllobothrium spp. cestodes in sympatric Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) and brown trout Salmo trutta L. SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Trophic transmission; Predation; Paratenic host; Interactive segregation ID DENDRITICUM NITZSCH; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; NORTHERN NORWAY; HOST AGE; PARASITES; POPULATION; FISH; LAKES; DITREMUM; LARVAL AB The trophic niches of Arctic charr and brown trout differ when the species occur in sympatry. Their trophically transmitted parasites are expected to reflect these differences. Here, we investigate how the infections of Diphyllobothrium dendriticum and D. ditremum differ between charr and trout. These tapeworms use copepods as their first intermediate hosts and fish can become infected as second intermediate hosts by consuming either infected copepods or infected fish. We examined 767 charr and 368 trout for Diphyllobothrium plerocercoids in a subarctic lake. The prevalence of D. ditremum was higher in charr (61.5%) than in trout, (39.5%), but the prevalence of D. dendriticum was higher in trout (31.2%) than in charr (19.3%). Diphyllobothrium spp. intensities were elevated in trout compared to charr, particularly for D. dendriticum. Large fish with massive parasite burdens were responsible for the high Diphyllobothrium spp. loads in trout. We hypothesize that fish prey may be the most important source for the Diphyllobothrium spp. infections in trout, whereas charr predominantly acquire Diphyllobothrium spp. by feeding on copepods. Our findings support previous suggestions that the ability to establish in a second piscine host is greater for D. dendriticum than for D. ditremum. C1 [Henriksen, Eirik H.; Knudsen, Rune; Kristoffersen, Roar; Siwertsson, Anna; Amundsen, Per-Arne] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Fac Biosci Fisheries & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. [Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Western Ecol Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Henriksen, EH (reprint author), UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Fac Biosci Fisheries & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. EM eirik.h.henriksen@uit.no OI Haugstvedt Henriksen, Eirik/0000-0002-9328-7623 FU UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Norwegian Research Council [NFR 213610/F20] FX Thanks are due to the technical staff and students of the Freshwater Ecology Group at UiT The Arctic University of Norway, for invaluable help during the field work over the years. We thank the guest editor, two anonymous referees and Dana Morton for their constructive comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. Financial support was provided by UiT The Arctic University of Norway and the Norwegian Research Council (NFR 213610/F20). NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD DEC PY 2016 VL 783 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1007/s10750-015-2589-2 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB2WE UT WOS:000387222500004 ER PT J AU Hansen, MJ Hansen, BS Beauchamp, DA AF Hansen, Michael J. Hansen, Barry S. Beauchamp, David A. TI Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) suppression for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) recovery in Flathead Lake, Montana, North America SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Lake trout; Bull trout; Fishing; Predation ID RECRUITMENT DYNAMICS; LIFE-HISTORY; PEND OREILLE; POPULATIONS; SUPERIOR; GROWTH; SUSTAINABILITY; EXPLOITATION; DISPLACEMENT; MANAGEMENT AB Non-native lake trout Salvelinus namaycush displaced native bull trout Salvelinus confluentus in Flathead Lake, Montana, USA, after 1984, when Mysis diluviana became abundant following its introduction in upstream lakes in 1968-1976. We developed a simulation model to determine the fishing mortality rate on lake trout that would enable bull trout recovery. Model simulations indicated that suppression of adult lake trout by 75% from current abundance would reduce predation on bull trout by 90%. Current removals of lake trout through incentivized fishing contests has not been sufficient to suppress lake trout abundance estimated by mark-recapture or indexed by stratified-random gill netting. In contrast, size structure, body condition, mortality, and maturity are changing consistent with a density-dependent reduction in lake trout abundance. Population modeling indicated total fishing effort would need to increase 3-fold to reduce adult lake trout population density by 75%. We conclude that increased fishing effort would suppress lake trout population density and predation on juvenile bull trout, and thereby enable higher abundance of adult bull trout in Flathead Lake and its tributaries. C1 [Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Hansen, Barry S.] Confederated Salish Kootenai Tribes, Box 278, Pablo, MT 59855 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hansen, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM michaelhansen@usgs.gov OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876 NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD DEC PY 2016 VL 783 IS 1 BP 317 EP 334 DI 10.1007/s10750-016-2703-0 PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB2WE UT WOS:000387222500025 ER PT J AU Culver, SJ Farrell, KM Mallinson, DJ Willard, DA Horton, BP Riggs, SR Thieler, ER Wehmiller, JF Parham, PR Moore, JP Snyder, SW Hillier, C AF Culver, Stephen J. Farrell, Kathleen M. Mallinson, David J. Willard, Debra A. Horton, Benjamin P. Riggs, Stanley R. Thieler, E. Robert Wehmiller, John F. Parham, Peter R. Moore, Jessica Pierson Snyder, Scott W. Hillier, Caroline TI Micropaleontologic record of Pliocene and Quaternary paleoenvironments in the southern Albemarle Embayment, North Carolina, U.S.A. (vol 457, pg 360, 2016) SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Culver, Stephen J.; Mallinson, David J.; Riggs, Stanley R.; Snyder, Scott W.] East Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Graham Rm 101, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Farrell, Kathleen M.] North Carolina Geol Survey, Coastal Plain Off & Core Repository, MSC 1620, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Willard, Debra A.] US Geol Survey, 926A Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Parham, Peter R.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Earth Sci, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Parham, Peter R.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Thieler, E. Robert] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Wehmiller, John F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Natl Univ Malaysia, Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Southeast Asia Disaster Prevent Res Initiat SEADP, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. [Moore, Jessica Pierson] West Virginia Geol Survey, 1 Mt Chateau Rd, Morgantown, WV 26508 USA. [Hillier, Caroline] Argus Ecol Ltd, Durham DH97XN, England. RP Culver, SJ (reprint author), East Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Graham Rm 101, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM culvers@ecu.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 463 BP 275 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.007 PG 1 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA EB6WJ UT WOS:000387526000021 ER PT J AU Muir, AM Hansen, MJ Bronte, CR Krueger, CC AF Muir, Andrew Michael Hansen, Michael Jay Bronte, Charles Richard Krueger, Charles Conrad TI If Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus is "the most diverse vertebrate', what is the lake charr Salvelinus namaycush? SO FISH AND FISHERIES LA English DT Article DE Adaptive radiation; evolution; lake trout; phenotypic diversity; resource polymorphism; speciation ID GREAT-BEAR-LAKE; ONTOGENIC NICHE SHIFTS; TROUT SPAWNING HABITAT; NORTHWEST-TERRITORIES; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; FISH COMMUNITY; SHALLOW-WATER; GENETIC-BASIS AB Teleost fishes are prominent vertebrate models of evolution, illustrated among old-world radiations by the Cichlidae of East African Great Lakes and new-world radiations by the circumpolar Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus. Herein, we describe variation in lake charr S.namaycush morphology, life history, physiology and ecology, as another example of radiation. The lake charr is restricted to northern North America, where it originated from glacial refugia and diversified in large lakes. Shallow and deepwater morphs arose in multiple lakes, with a large-bodied shallow-water lean' morph in shallow inshore depths, a small-bodied mid-water humper' morph on offshore shoals or banks, a robust, large-bodied moderate to deep-water redfin'; morph and a large-bodied deep-water siscowet' morph at depths>100m. Eye position, gape size, and gillraker length and spacing adapted for feeding on different-sized prey, with piscivorous morphs (leans, siscowets and presumably redfins) reaching larger asymptotic size than invertivorous morphs (humpers). Lean morphs are light in colour, whereas deepwater morphs are drab and dark, although the pattern is reversed in dark tannic lakes. Morphs shift from benthic to pelagic feeding at a length of 400-490mm. Phenotypic differences in locomotion, buoyancy and lipid metabolism evolved into different mechanisms for buoyancy regulation, with lean morphs relying on hydrodynamic lift and siscowet morphs relying on hydrostatic lift. We suggest that the Salvelinus genus, rather than the species S.alpinus, is a diverse genus that should be the subject of comparative studies of processes causing divergence and adaptation among member species that may lead to a more complete evolutionary conceptual model. C1 [Muir, Andrew Michael] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Hansen, Michael Jay] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Bronte, Charles Richard] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Green Bay Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 2661 Scott Tower Dr, New Franken, WI 54229 USA. [Krueger, Charles Conrad] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, 1405 South Harrison Rd,115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Muir, AM (reprint author), Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM amuir@glfc.org OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876 FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission through the Fishery Research Program FX The idea for this study was generated at the 7th International Charr Symposium, September 2012, Sakhalinsk, Russia. Conversations with Anders Klemetsen and several other Scandinavian charr biologists (on a Russian Train with much Vodka) highlighted the need to document the remarkable diversity seen in our North America lake charr. Funding for this project was provided by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission through the Fishery Research Program. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is contribution 1893 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center. NR 103 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-2960 EI 1467-2979 J9 FISH FISH JI Fish. Fish. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 17 IS 4 BP 1194 EP 1207 DI 10.1111/faf.12114 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EA9CO UT WOS:000386938900014 ER PT J AU Birge, HE Allen, CR Garmestani, AS Pope, KL AF Birge, Hannah E. Allen, Craig R. Garmestani, Ahjond S. Pope, Kevin L. TI Adaptive management for ecosystem services SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Complex systems; Scale; Social-ecological systems; Structured decision making; Sustainability; Uncertainty ID PROTECTED AREA; BIODIVERSITY; RESILIENCE; SCALE; CLASSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; ENVIRONMENT; LANDSCAPES; PHOSPHORUS; VALUATION AB Management of natural resources for the production of ecosystem services, which are vital for human well-being, is necessary even when there is uncertainty regarding system response to management action. This uncertainty is the result of incomplete controllability, complex internal feedbacks, and non linearity that often interferes with desired management outcomes, and insufficient understanding of nature and people. Adaptive management was developed to reduce such uncertainty. We present a framework for the application of adaptive management for ecosystem services that explicitly accounts for cross-scale tradeoffs in the production of ecosystem services. Our framework focuses on identifying key spatiotemporal scales (plot, patch, ecosystem, landscape, and region) that encompass dominant structures and processes in the system, and includes within- and cross-scale dynamics, ecosystem service tradeoffs, and management controllability within and across scales. Resilience theory recognizes that a limited set of ecological processes in a given system regulate ecosystem services, yet our understanding of these processes is poorly understood. If management actions erode or remove these processes, the system may shift into an alternative state unlikely to support the production of desired services. Adaptive management provides a process to assess the underlying within and cross-scale tradeoffs associated with production of ecosystem services while proceeding with management designed to meet the demands of a growing human population. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Birge, Hannah E.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Birge, Hannah E.; Allen, Craig R.; Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Allen, Craig R.; Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Birge, HE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.; Birge, HE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM hannah.birge@huskers.unl.edu; allencr@unl.edu; garmestani.ahjond@epa.gov; kpope2@unl.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank the authors of the papers in this special issue on adaptive management for ecosystem services for their diligent efforts and timely submissions. The final manuscript was greatly improved by comments from Dr. Anil Giri, Dr. Berrin Tansel, and two anonymous reviewers. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 57 U2 57 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 183 BP 343 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.054 PN 2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA2HV UT WOS:000386414300001 PM 27460215 ER PT J AU Peterson, JT Freeman, MC AF Peterson, James T. Freeman, Mary C. TI Integrating modeling, monitoring, and management to reduce critical uncertainties in water resource decision making SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Metapopulation; Colonization; Extinction; Occupancy models; Bayesian updating; Streamflow; Stream fishes ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FLOW REGIME; DISTRIBUTIONS; SCENARIOS; FISHES AB Stream ecosystems provide multiple, valued services to society, including water supply, waste assimilation, recreation, and habitat for diverse and productive biological communities. Managers striving to sustain these services in the face of changing climate, land uses, and water demands need tools to assess the potential effectiveness of alternative management actions, and often, the resulting tradeoffs between competing objectives. Integrating predictive modeling with monitoring data in an adaptive management framework provides a process by which managers can reduce model uncertainties and thus improve the scientific bases for subsequent decisions. We demonstrate an integration of monitoring data with a dynamic, metapopulation model developed to assess effects of streamflow alteration on fish occupancy in a southeastern US stream system. Although not extensive (collected over three years at nine sites), the monitoring data allowed us to assess and update support for alternative population dynamic models using model probabilities and Bayes rule. We then use the updated model weights to estimate the effects of water withdrawal on stream fish communities and demonstrate how feedback in the form of monitoring data can be used to improve water resource decision making. We conclude that investment in more strategic monitoring, guided by a priori model predictions under alternative hypotheses and an adaptive sampling design, could substantially improve the information available to guide decision making and management for ecosystem services from lotic systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Peterson, James T.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Freeman, Mary C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. RP Peterson, JT (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jt.peterson@oregonstate.edu FU USGS Water Census program; University of Georgia [A2002-10080-0]; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Oregon State University; Wildlife Management Institute FX We are grateful to the following colleagues who have contributed their efforts at varying stages of the model development including: G. Buell, L. Hay, W. Hughes, R. Jacobson, J. Jones, S. Jones, J. LaFontaine, K. Odom, S. Schindler, and C. Shea. We also thank M. Hagler, R. Katz and their crews for their diligent work collecting samples under trying conditions. This manuscript was improved with suggestions by M. Conroy and anonymous reviewers. Funding for this study was provided by the USGS Water Census program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of University of Georgia animal use protocol IACUC# A2002-10080-0. The Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon State University, and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 183 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.015 PN 2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA2HV UT WOS:000386414300003 PM 27012362 ER PT J AU Birge, HE Bevans, RA Allen, CR Angeler, DG Baer, SG Wall, DH AF Birge, Hannah E. Bevans, Rebecca A. Allen, Craig R. Angeler, David G. Baer, Sara G. Wall, Diana H. TI Adaptive management for soil ecosystem services SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Multifunctionality; soil functioning; structured decision making; biodiversity; ecological restoration; ecological restoration ID PLANT DIVERSITY; LAND-USE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; GRASSLAND EXPERIMENT; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; FOOD WEBS; BIODIVERSITY; SALINITY; DROUGHT; SYSTEMS AB Ecosystem services provided by soil include regulation of the atmosphere and climate, primary (including agricultural) production, waste processing, decomposition, nutrient conservation, water purification, erosion control, medical resources, pest control, and disease mitigation. The simultaneous production of these multiple services arises from complex interactions among diverse aboveground and belowground communities across multiple scales. When a system is mismanaged, non-linear and persistent losses in ecosystem services can arise. Adaptive management is an approach to management designed to reduce uncertainty as management proceeds. By developing alternative hypotheses, testing these hypotheses and adjusting management in response to outcomes, managers can probe dynamic mechanistic relationships among aboveground and belowground soil system components. In doing so, soil ecosystem services can be preserved and critical ecological thresholds avoided. Here, we present an adaptive management framework designed to reduce uncertainty surrounding the soil system, even when soil ecosystem services production is not the explicit management objective, so that managers can reach their management goals without undermining soil multifunctionality or contributing to an irreversible loss of soil ecosystem services. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Birge, Hannah E.; Bevans, Rebecca A.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Birge, Hannah E.; Bevans, Rebecca A.; Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, POB 7050, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Baer, Sara G.] Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Baer, Sara G.] Southern Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Wall, Diana H.] Colorado State Univ, Sch Global Environm Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wall, Diana H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Birge, HE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.; Birge, HE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Hannah.birge@huskers.unl.edu; bevansbecca@gmail.com; callen3@unl.edu; David.Angeler@slu.se; sgbaer@siu.edu; diana@colostate.edu FU United States Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; NSF IGERT Resilience and Adaptive Governance of Stressed Watersheds (NSF) [0903469] FX The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the United States Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Comments from Dr. K.L. Pope and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and the NSF IGERT Resilience and Adaptive Governance of Stressed Watersheds (NSF # 0903469). NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 54 U2 54 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 183 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.024 PN 2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA2HV UT WOS:000386414300004 PM 27344211 ER PT J AU Hodbod, J Barreteau, O Allen, C Magda, D AF Hodbod, Jennifer Barreteau, Olivier Allen, Craig Magda, Daniele TI Managing adaptively for multifunctionality in agricultural systems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Multifunctionality; Adaptive management; Agricultural systems; Adaptive Multi-Paddock grazing; Agroecology; Resilience ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FARMING SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; RESILIENCE; SUSTAINABILITY; AGROECOSYSTEMS; AGROECOLOGY AB The critical importance of agricultural systems for food security and as a dominant global landcover requires management that considers the full dimensions of system functions at appropriate scales, i.e. multifunctionality. We propose that adaptive management is the most suitable management approach for such goals, given its ability to reduce uncertainty over time and support multiple objectives within a system, for multiple actors. As such, adaptive management may be the most appropriate method for sustainably intensifying production whilst increasing the quantity and quality of ecosystem services. However, the current assessment of performance of agricultural systems doesn't reward ecosystem service provision. Therefore, we present an overview of the ecosystem functions agricultural systems should and could provide, coupled with a revised definition for assessing the performance of agricultural systems from a multifunctional perspective that, when all satisfied; would create adaptive agricultural systems that can increase production whilst ensuring food security and the quantity and quality of ecosystem services. The outcome of this high level of performance is the capacity to respond to multiple shocks without collapse, equity and triple bottom line sustainability. Through the assessment of case studies, we find that alternatives to industrialized agricultural systems incorporate more functional goals, but that there are mixed findings as to whether these goals translate into positive measurable outcomes. We suggest that an adaptive management perspective would support the implementation of a systematic analysis of the social, ecological and economic trade-offs occurring within such systems, particularly between ecosystem services and functions, in order to provide suitable and comparable assessments. We also identify indicators to monitor performance at multiple scales in agricultural systems which can be used within an adaptive management framework to increase resilience at multiple scales. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hodbod, Jennifer] Arizona State Univ, Walton Sustainabil Solut Initiat, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Inst Sustainabil, POB 875204, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Barreteau, Olivier] IRSTEA, UMR G EAU, 361 Rue Jean Francois Breton,BP 5095, F-34196 Montpellier, France. [Allen, Craig] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, US Geol Survey, 423 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Magda, Daniele] INRA, UMR AGIR 1248, 24 Chemin Borde Rouge, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. RP Hodbod, J (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Walton Sustainabil Solut Initiat, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Inst Sustainabil, POB 875204, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM jennifer.hodbod@asu.edu; olivier.barreteau@irstea.fr; callen3@unl.edu; dmagda@toulouse.inra.fr OI Hodbod, Jennifer/0000-0001-8899-6583 FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank the Resilience Alliance for supporting a meeting in Antony, France where many of these ideas began to be discussed. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 43 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 183 BP 379 EP 388 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.064 PN 2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA2HV UT WOS:000386414300005 PM 27349502 ER PT J AU Chaffin, BC Garmestani, AS Angeler, DG Herrmann, DL Stow, CA Nystrom, M Sendzimir, J Hopton, ME Kolasa, J Allen, CR AF Chaffin, Brian C. Garmestani, Ahjond S. Angeler, David G. Herrmann, Dustin L. Stow, Craig A. Nystrom, Magnus Sendzimir, Jan Hopton, Matthew E. Kolasa, Jurek Allen, Craig R. TI Biological invasions, ecological resilience and adaptive governance SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; Invasive species; Ecological resilience; Adaptive governance; Adaptive management; Ecosystem services ID BODY-MASS DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; EVERGLADES ECOSYSTEM; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; CORAL-REEFS; MANAGEMENT; EXTINCTIONS; SYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY AB In a world of increasing interconnections in global trade as well as rapid change in climate and land cover, the accelerating introduction and spread of invasive species is a critical concern due to associated negative social and ecological impacts, both real and perceived. Much of the societal response to invasive species to date has been associated with negative economic consequences of invasions. This response has shaped a war-like approach to addressing invasions, one with an agenda of eradications and intense ecological restoration efforts towards prior or more desirable ecological regimes. This trajectory often ignores the concept of ecological resilience and associated approaches of resilience-based governance. We argue that the relationship between ecological resilience and invasive species has been understudied to the detriment of attempts to govern invasions, and that most management actions fail, primarily because they do not incorporate adaptive, learning-based approaches. Invasive species can decrease resilience by reducing the biodiversity that underpins ecological functions and processes, making ecosystems more prone to regime shifts. However, invasions do not always result in a shift to an alternative regime; invasions can also increase resilience by introducing novelty, replacing lost ecological functions or adding redundancy that strengthens already existing structures and processes in an ecosystem. This paper examines the potential impacts of species invasions on the resilience of ecosystems and suggests that resilience-based approaches can inform policy by linking the governance of biological invasions to the negotiation of tradeoffs between ecosystem services. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chaffin, Brian C.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Soc & Conservat, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Garmestani, Ahjond S.; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Box 7050, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Herrmann, Dustin L.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci, 26 W Martin Luther King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Herrmann, Dustin L.] US EPA, Educ Res Participant Program, 26 W Martin Luther King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Nystrom, Magnus] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Kraftriket 2B, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Sendzimir, Jan] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci BOKU, Inst Hydrobiol & Aquat Ecosyst Management, Max Emanuel Str 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Kolasa, Jurek] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, 423 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Chaffin, BC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Soc & Conservat, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM brian.chaffin@umontana.edu; garmestani.ahjond@epa.gov; david.angeler@slu.se; herrmann.dustin@epa.gov; craig.stow@noaa.gov; magnus.nystrom@su.se; jan.sendzimir@boku.ac.at; hopton.matthew@epa.gov; kolasa@mcmaster.ca; callen3@unl.edu OI Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; U.S. Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory [1817]; Swedish Research Councils Formas [2014-1193]; Vetenskapsradet [2014-5828] FX The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. This research was partially conducted with the support of two appointments to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory, one administered by the National Academies Research Associateship Program, and one by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, the U.S. Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (contribution number 1817) and the Swedish Research Councils Formas (2014-1193) and Vetenskapsradet (2014-5828). NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 78 U2 78 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 183 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.040 PN 2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA2HV UT WOS:000386414300007 PM 27377866 ER PT J AU Pope, KL Pegg, MA Cole, NW Siddons, SF Fedele, AD Harmon, BS Ruskamp, RL Turner, DR Uerling, CC AF Pope, Kevin L. Pegg, Mark A. Cole, Nicholas W. Siddons, Stephen F. Fedele, Alexis D. Harmon, Brian S. Ruskamp, Ryan L. Turner, Dylan R. Uerling, Caleb C. TI Fishing for ecosystem services SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Adaptive management; Angler; Ecosystem management; Recreational fisheries; Social-ecological systems ID SCALE DAM REMOVAL; ELWHA RIVER; STOCK ENHANCEMENT; RECREATIONAL FISHERIES; AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICA; INLAND WATERS; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION AB Ecosystems are commonly exploited and manipulated to maximize certain human benefits. Such changes can degrade systems, leading to cascading negative effects that may be initially undetected, yet ultimately result in a reduction, or complete loss, of certain valuable ecosystem services. Ecosystem based management is intended to maintain ecosystem quality and minimize the risk of irreversible change to natural assemblages of species and to ecosystem processes while obtaining and maintaining long-term socioeconomic benefits. We discuss policy decisions in fishery management related to commonly manipulated environments with a focus on influences to ecosystem services. By focusing on broader scales, managing for ecosystem services, and taking a more proactive approach, we expect sustainable, quality fisheries that are resilient to future disturbances. To that end, we contend that: (1) management always involves tradeoffs; (2) explicit management of fisheries for ecosystem services could facilitate a transition from reactive to proactive management; and (3) adaptive co-management is a process that could enhance management for ecosystem services. We propose adaptive co-management with an ecosystem service framework where actions are implemented within ecosystem boundaries, rather than political boundaries, through strong interjurisdictional relationships. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Pope, Kevin L.; Pegg, Mark A.; Cole, Nicholas W.; Siddons, Stephen F.; Fedele, Alexis D.; Harmon, Brian S.; Turner, Dylan R.; Uerling, Caleb C.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cole, Nicholas W.; Fedele, Alexis D.; Harmon, Brian S.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Ruskamp, Ryan L.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Div Fisheries, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. RP Pope, KL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.; Pope, KL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kpope2@unl.edu; mpegg2@unl.edu; nwcole.mo@gmail.com; ssiddons2@unl.edu; lexifed@gmail.com; briharmon89@gmail.com; ryan.ruskamp@nebraska.gov; dturner438@yahoo.com; caleb.uerling@gmail.com FU University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska; U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX The ideas presented herein were generated by discussions with C. R. Allen and H. E. Birge, and were further developed during a graduate-level course entitled "Managed Aquatic Systems" that was taught during spring 2015. M. Pegg was supported