FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Brown, SG Lee, T Norris, GA Roberts, PT Collett, JL Paatero, P Worsnop, DR AF Brown, S. G. Lee, T. Norris, G. A. Roberts, P. T. Collett, J. L., Jr. Paatero, P. Worsnop, D. R. TI Receptor modeling of near-roadway aerosol mass spectrometer data in Las Vegas, Nevada, with EPA PMF SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IMPROVING SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; OXYGENATED ORGANIC AEROSOLS; RESOLVED CARBON FRACTIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; LOS-ANGELES AB Ambient non-refractory PM1 aerosol particles were measured with an Aerodyne High Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-AMS) at an elementary school 18 m from the US 95 freeway soundwall in Las Vegas, Nevada, during January 2008. Additional collocated continuous measurements of black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and meteorological data were collected. The US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) positive matrix factorization (PMF) data analysis tool was used to apportion organic matter (OM) as measured by HR-AMS, and rotational tools in EPA PMF were used to better characterize the solution space and pull resolved factors toward known source profiles. Three-to six-factor solutions were resolved. The four-factor solution was the most interpretable, with the typical AMS PMF factors of hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA), low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosol (LV-OOA), biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), and semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol (SV-OOA). When the measurement site was downwind of the freeway, HOA composed about half the OM, with SV-OOA and LV-OOA accounting for the rest. Attempts to pull the PMF factor profiles toward source profiles were successful but did not qualitatively change the results, indicating that these factors are very stable. Oblique edges were present in G-space plots, suggesting that the obtained rotation may not be the most plausible one. Since solutions found by pulling the profiles or using F-peak retained these oblique edges, there appears to be little rotational freedom in the base solution. On average, HOA made up 26% of the OM, while LV-OOA was highest in the afternoon and accounted for 26% of the OM. BBOA occurred in the evening hours, was predominantly from the residential area to the north, and on average constituted 12% of the OM; SV-OOA accounted for the remaining third of the OM. Use of the pulling techniques available in EPA PMF and ME-2 suggested that the four-factor solution was very stable. C1 [Brown, S. G.; Roberts, P. T.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA USA. [Brown, S. G.; Lee, T.; Collett, J. L., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Norris, G. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Paatero, P.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Worsnop, D. R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Brown, SG (reprint author), Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA USA. EM sbrown@sonomatech.com RI Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009; Collett, Jeffrey/F-2862-2010 OI Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017; Collett, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9180-508X FU Nevada Department of Transportation; US EPA Office of Research and Development; Sonoma Technology, Inc.; NSF-MRI [ATM-0521643]; National Park Service (NPS); United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [PO 720002129] FX The authors thank the Nevada Department of Transportation, US EPA Office of Research and Development, and Sonoma Technology, Inc., for supporting this work. We also thank Jennifer DeWinter (STI) and Ram Vedantham (EPA ORD) for data analysis support and analysis of the collocated data at Fyfe Elementary, Mary Jo Teplitz (STI) for editorial support, and Bryan Penfold (STI) for the site map. We greatly appreciate the development of the data processing and analysis methods done by the AMS community, particularly by Jose Jimenez and Ingrid Ulbrich (University of Colorado). The acquisition of the CSU Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) was supported by the NSF-MRI program under grant number ATM-0521643. The AMS was operated in the CSU Mobile Laboratory, which is supported by the National Park Service (NPS).; The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under PO 720002129 to Sonoma Technology, Inc. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication, though the views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government. NR 73 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 25 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 309 EP 325 DI 10.5194/acp-12-309-2012 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 892XZ UT WOS:000300320200016 ER PT J AU Zhou, W Cohan, DS Pinder, RW Neuman, JA Holloway, JS Peischl, J Ryerson, TB Nowak, JB Flocke, F Zheng, WG AF Zhou, W. Cohan, D. S. Pinder, R. W. Neuman, J. A. Holloway, J. S. Peischl, J. Ryerson, T. B. Nowak, J. B. Flocke, F. Zheng, W. G. TI Observation and modeling of the evolution of Texas power plant plumes SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OZONE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; PART I; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; URBAN; CHEMISTRY; EMISSIONS; NOX; DISTRIBUTIONS AB During the second Texas Air Quality Study 2006 (TexAQS II), a full range of pollutants was measured by aircraft in eastern Texas during successive transects of power plant plumes (PPPs). A regional photochemical model is applied to simulate the physical and chemical evolution of the plumes. The observations reveal that SO2 and NOy were rapidly removed from PPPs on a cloudy day but not on the cloud-free days, indicating efficient aqueous processing of these compounds in clouds. The model reasonably represents observed NOx oxidation and PAN formation in the plumes, but fails to capture the rapid loss of SO2 (0.37 h(-1)) and NOy (0.24 h(-1)) in some plumes on the cloudy day. Adjustments to the cloud liquid water content (QC) and the default metal concentrations in the cloud module could explain some of the SO2 loss. However, NOy in the model was insensitive to QC. These findings highlight cloud processing as a major challenge to atmospheric models. Model-based estimates of ozone production efficiency (OPE) in PPPs are 20-50% lower than observation-based estimates for the cloudy day. C1 [Zhou, W.; Cohan, D. S.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Pinder, R. W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Neuman, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T. B.; Nowak, J. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Neuman, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Peischl, J.; Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Flocke, F.; Zheng, W. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Zhou, W (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM zhouwei@rice.edu RI Nowak, John/B-1085-2008; Cohan, Daniel/E-6595-2010; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; zhou, wei/E-9807-2011; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Neuman, Andy/A-1393-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807; Cohan, Daniel/0000-0003-0415-7980; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Neuman, Andy/0000-0002-3986-1727; FU Shell Center for Sustainability at Rice University; National Science Foundation [087386] FX The work of W. Zhou and D. S. Cohan was funded by the Shell Center for Sustainability at Rice University and National Science Foundation CAREER Award Grant 087386. We thank Robert Griffin at Rice University for helpful discussions on data analyses. We thank Ken Aikin and Harald Stark in the NOAA ESRL Chemical Sciences Division for help in using meteorological and photolysis data. Although this article has been reviewed by the US EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect EPA policies or views. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 29 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 455 EP 468 DI 10.5194/acp-12-455-2012 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 892XZ UT WOS:000300320200025 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Varma, Rajender S. TI A highly active and magnetically retrievable nanoferrite-DOPA-copper catalyst for the coupling of thiophenols with aryl halides SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LIGAND-FREE CONDITIONS; SULFUR BOND FORMATION; NUCLEOPHILIC-SUBSTITUTION; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM; NICKEL-CATALYST; S BOND; PALLADIUM; THIOLS; SULFIDES; SELENIDES AB Diaryl sulfides were synthesized using a magnetically recoverable heterogeneous Cu catalyst via one-pot multi component reaction using MW irradiation; the use of isopropanol as a benign reaction medium, easy recovery of the catalyst using an external magnet, efficient recycling, and the high stability of the catalyst render the protocol economic and sustainable. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Nasir Baig R B is supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 61 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 23 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2012 VL 48 IS 20 BP 2582 EP 2584 DI 10.1039/c2cc17283f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 889BB UT WOS:000300047400005 PM 22293995 ER PT J AU Lowe, J Cha, H Lee, MO Mazur, SJ Appella, E Fornace, AJ AF Lowe, Julie Cha, Hyukjin Lee, Mi-Ok Mazur, Sharlyn J. Appella, Ettore Fornace, Albert J., Jr. TI Regulation of the Wip1 phosphatase and its effects on the stress response SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK LA English DT Article DE Wip1; PPM1D; Stress Signaling; DNA Damage Response; Review ID DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; NF-KAPPA-B; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; BREAST-CANCER; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; P53-INDUCED PHOSPHATASE; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; P53-DEPENDENT APOPTOSIS; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE AB Wip1 (PPM1D) is a stress responsive PP2C phosphatase that plays a key role in stress signaling. Although originally identified as a gene induced by p53 after genotoxic stress, we now know that Wip1 expression is additionally regulated by other mechanisms. Wip1 is not only a target of p53, but is also a target of other transcription factors, including Estrogen Receptor-alpha and NF-kappaB. Additionally, Wip1 expression is regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms such as mRNA stabilization and alternative splicing. Upon induction, Wip1 dampens the stress response by dephosphorylating and inactivating proteins such as p53, p38 MAPK, and ATM, usually as part of a negative feedback loop. As a result, Wip1 functions to abrogate cell cycle checkpoints and inhibit senescence, apoptosis, DNA repair, and the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, Wip1 is overexpressed in several types of human cancers and has oncogenic functions. The regulation of Wip1, the role of Wip1 in stress signaling, and the cooperation of Wip1 with oncogenes in promoting tumorigenesis will be discussed in this review. C1 [Cha, Hyukjin; Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cell Biol, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Lowe, Julie] Natl Inst Environm & Hlth Sci, Chromosome Stabil Grp, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cha, Hyukjin; Lee, Mi-Ok] Sogang Univ, Dept Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Mazur, Sharlyn J.; Appella, Ettore] NCI, Cell Biol Lab, CCR, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Dankook Univ, Dept Nanobiomed Sci, Chungnam 330714, South Korea. [Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Dankook Univ, WCU Res Ctr Nanobiomed Sci, Chungnam 330714, South Korea. RP Fornace, AJ (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cell Biol, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Room E504 Res Bldg,3970 Reservoir Rd,NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM af294@georgetown.edu OI Fornace, Albert/0000-0001-9695-085X FU NASA [NNJ06ZSA001N, NNX09AU95G]; World Class University; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology through the National Research Foundation of Korea [R31-10069]; NIEHS; NCI; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) [201131076]; Priority Research Centers [2010-0028297] FX The authors would like to acknowledge support by NASA NNJ06ZSA001N (AJF), NNX09AU95G (AJF), World Class University program funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology through the National Research Foundation of Korea(R31-10069) (AJF), the NIEHS (JL) and NCI (EA and SJM) intramural programs, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) (201131076) (HC and MOL) and the Priority Research Centers Program (2010-0028297) (HC and MOL). NR 109 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 24 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI IRVINE PA 16471 SCIENTIFIC WAY, IRVINE, CA 92618 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK JI Front. Biosci. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 17 BP 1480 EP 1498 DI 10.2741/3999 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 889DM UT WOS:000300053700019 PM 22201816 ER PT J AU Li, CJ Anastas, PT AF Li, Chao-Jun Anastas, Paul T. TI Green Chemistry: present and future SO CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Li, Chao-Jun] McGill Univ, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Anastas, Paul T.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Li, CJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Chem, 801 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. EM cj.li@mcgill.ca RI Anastas, Paul/L-3258-2013 OI Anastas, Paul/0000-0003-4777-5172 NR 0 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 104 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0306-0012 J9 CHEM SOC REV JI Chem. Soc. Rev. PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1413 EP 1414 DI 10.1039/c1cs90064a PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 883MP UT WOS:000299638600001 PM 22268063 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Varma, Rajender S. TI Alternative energy input: mechanochemical, microwave and ultrasound-assisted organic synthesis SO CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID BAYLIS-HILLMAN REACTION; SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS; CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; BALL-MILLING CONDITIONS; PROMOTED REFORMATSKY REACTIONS; AQUEOUS N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; SULFUR BOND FORMATION; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; SOLID-STATE; LIGAND-FREE AB Microwave, ultrasound, sunlight and mechanochemical mixing can be used to augment conventional laboratory techniques. By applying these alternative means of activation, a number of chemical transformations have been achieved thereby improving many existing protocols with superior results when compared to reactions performed under traditional conditions. The purpose of this critical review is to highlight the advances in this general area by presenting such newer applications in organic synthesis (175 references). C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov NR 236 TC 172 Z9 174 U1 9 U2 123 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0306-0012 J9 CHEM SOC REV JI Chem. Soc. Rev. PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1559 EP 1584 DI 10.1039/c1cs15204a PG 26 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 883MP UT WOS:000299638600011 PM 22076552 ER PT J AU Shannahan, JH Nyska, A Cesta, M Schladweiler, MCJ Vallant, BD Ward, WO Ghio, AJ Gavett, SH Kodavanti, UP AF Shannahan, Jonathan H. Nyska, Abraham Cesta, Mark Schladweiler, Mette C. J. Vallant, Beena D. Ward, William O. Ghio, Andrew J. Gavett, Stephen H. Kodavanti, Urmila P. TI Subchronic Pulmonary Pathology, Iron Overload, and Transcriptional Activity after Libby Amphibole Exposure in Rat Models of Cardiovascular Disease SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease; iron overload; Lilly amphibole; pulmonary pathology ID CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS INHALATION; LARGE GENE LISTS; FERRUGINOUS BODIES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LUNG; INFLAMMATION; EXPRESSION; CROCIDOLITE; ACTIVATION; TOXICITY AB BACKGROUND: Surface-available iron (Fe) is proposed to contribute to asbestos-induced toxicity through the production of reactive oxygen species. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate the hypothesis that rat models of cardiovascular disease with coexistent Fe overload would be increasingly sensitive to Libby amphibole (LA)-induced subchronic lung injury. METHODS: Male healthy Wistar Kyoto (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive (SH), and SH heart failure (SHHF) rats were intratracheally instilled with 0.0, 0.25, or 1.0 mg LA (with saline as the vehicle). We examined bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and histological lung sections after 1 week, 1 month, or 3 months for pulmonary biomarkers and pathology. SHHF rats were also assessed at 6 months for pathological changes. RESULTS: All animals developed concentration- and time-dependent interstitial fibrosis. Time-dependent Fe accumulation occurred in LA-laden macrophages in all strains but was exacerbated in SHHF rats. LA-exposed SHHF rats developed atypical hyperplastic lesions of bronchiolar epithelial cell origin at 3 and 6 months. Strain-related baseline differences existed in gene expression at 3 months, with persistent LA effects in WKY but not SH or SHHF rats. LA exposure altered genes for a number of pathways, including inflammation, immune regulation, and cell-cycle control. Cell-cycle control genes were inhibited after LA exposure in SH and SHHF but not WKY rats, whereas tumor suppressor genes were induced only in WKY rats. The inflammatory gene expression also was apparent only in WKY rats. CONCLUSION: These data show that in Fe-overload conditions, progressive Fe accumulation occurs in fiber-laden macrophages within LA-induced lesions. Fe overload does not appear to contribute to chronic inflammation, and its role in hyperplastic lesion development requires further examination. C1 [Schladweiler, Mette C. J.; Gavett, Stephen H.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shannahan, Jonathan H.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Timrat, Israel. [Cesta, Mark] NIEHS, Cellular & Mol Pathol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ward, William O.] US EPA, Res Core Units, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, B105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Kodavanti.Urmila@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/University of North Carolina [CR833237]; Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/University of North Carolina Toxicology Research Program training agreement CR833237, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 1 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103990 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 883RC UT WOS:000299650400030 PM 21979745 ER PT J AU Gangwal, S Hubal, EAC AF Gangwal, Sumit Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI Nanotoxicology: in Vitro-in Vivo Dosimetry Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Letter C1 [Gangwal, Sumit; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gangwal, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gangwal.sumit@epa.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 1 BP A13 EP A14 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104320R PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 883RC UT WOS:000299650400003 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Weinberg, ED AF Ghio, Andrew J. Weinberg, Eugene D. TI Complications of TNF-alpha antagonists and iron homeostasis SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; INFECTIONS; RISK; TUBERCULOSIS; CELLS; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; DISEASES; THERAPY AB TNF-alpha is a central regulator of inflammation and its blockade downregulates other pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Subsequently, TNF-alpha antagonists are currently used in treatment regimens directed toward several inflammatory diseases. Despite a beneficial effect, the use of TNF-alpha antagonists is associated with an increased risk for infections and neoplasms; the basis for these complications is unclear. This cytokine also participates in iron homeostasis and the sequestration of this metal, mediated by TNF-alpha, is considered protective. We hypothesize that treatment with TNF-alpha antagonists predisposes the patient to infections and neoplasms by reversing the sequestration of host iron mediated by the cytokine and increasing available concentrations of this metal. It is recommended that patients who are to receive TNF-alpha antagonists be tested for iron overload and the use of these agents in those individuals with excess iron should be reconsidered. Furthermore, it is predicted that alternative attempts to treat inflammatory diseases by blocking other pivotal cytokines that also participate in iron homeostasis (e.g. IFN-gamma, IL-1, and IL-6) will similarly be associated with infections and neoplastic complications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Weinberg, Eugene D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Weinberg, Eugene D.] Indiana Univ, Med Sci Program, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, HSF, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0306-9877 EI 1532-2777 J9 MED HYPOTHESES JI Med. Hypotheses PD JAN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.09.035 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 881AZ UT WOS:000299453000009 PM 22000712 ER PT J AU Virkutyte, J Varma, RS AF Virkutyte, Jurate Varma, Rajender S. TI Visible light activity of Ag-loaded and guanidine nitrate-doped nano-TiO2: degradation of dichlorophenol and antibacterial properties SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID FERRITE COMPOSITE NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOMATERIALS; ENHANCED THERMAL-STABILITY; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BIOMATERIAL SYSTEM; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; ANATASE TIO2; NITROGEN; SILVER AB To utilize visible light, Ag loaded and C, N-doped nano-TiO2 was prepared using a "one pot'' synthesis utilizing mild reaction conditions and benign precursors. The synthesis was optimized using appropriate experiment design that took the silver content and calcination temperature into account. The optimized nanocatalyst was characterized by XRD, BET, TEM, TGA, XPS as well as UV-DRS. Nanocatalysts were predominantly anatase as confirmed by XRD, thermally stable up to 1100 degrees C, as revealed by TGA studies and exhibited absorption in the visible light region as verified by UV-DRS analysis. Moreover, XPS results proved that Ag was dispersed on the surface of the TiO2 nanoparticles and nitrogen, as well as carbon from guanidine nitrate was interlaced into the matrix of TiO2. Co-doping of TiO2 suppressed charge recombination and improved the visible light photoactivity up to the complete degradation of dichlorophenol (DCP) in 4 h of the reaction. Degradation followed first order reaction kinetics with k(app) ranging from 1.1 to as high as 15.1 x 10(-3) min(-1) depending on the silver content and calcination temperature. Demineralization of the solution in terms of TOC was up to 92%. A complete elimination of Vibrio fischeri was accomplished with 1 mg L-1 of the nanocatalyst regardless of the Ag content. C1 [Virkutyte, Jurate] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Virkutyte, J (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM virkutyte.jurate@epa.gov; varma.rajender@epa.gov RI Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio FX This research was performed at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio, while J.V. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award. This paper has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 43 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 20 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 1533 EP 1539 DI 10.1039/c1ra00990g PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 884HK UT WOS:000299695300043 ER PT J AU Keehner, D AF Keehner, Denise TI EPA: Fostering the Move Toward Trash-Free Seas SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Keehner, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 53 IS 1 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 886JN UT WOS:000299850800012 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Soukup, JM Dailey, LA Richards, JH Turi, JL Pavlisko, EN Roggli, VL AF Ghio, Andrew J. Soukup, Joleen M. Dailey, Lisa A. Richards, Judy H. Turi, Jennifer L. Pavlisko, Elizabeth N. Roggli, Victor L. TI Disruption of Iron Homeostasis in Mesothelial Cells after Talc Pleurodesis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE talc; iron; ferritin; pleurodesis; particulate matter ID PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; LUNG INJURY; OXIDANT GENERATION; INFLAMMATION; EXPOSURE; MECHANISMS; INCREASE AB The mechanism for biological effects after exposure to particles is incompletely understood. One postulate proposed to explain biological effects after exposure to particles involves altered iron homeostasis in the host. The fibro-inflammatory properties of mineral oxide particles are exploited therapeutically with the instillation of massive quantities of talc into the pleural space, to provide sclerosis. We tested the postulates that (1) in vitro exposure to talc induces a disruption in iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and a biological effect, and (2) talc pleurodesis in humans alters iron homeostasis. In vitro exposures of both mesothelial and airway epithelial cells to 100 mu g/ml talc significantly increased iron importation and concentrations of the storage protein ferritin. Using dichlorodihydrofluorescein, exposure to talc was associated with a time-dependent and concentration-dependent generation of oxidants in both cell types. The expression of proinflammatory mediators was also increased after in vitro exposures of mesothelial and airway epithelial cells to talc. Relative to control lung tissue, lung tissue from patients treated with sclerodesis demonstrated an accumulation of iron and increased expression of iron-related proteins, including ferritin, the importer divalent metal transport-1 and the exporter ferroportin-1. Talc was also observed to translocate to the parenchyma, and changes in iron homeostasis were focally distributed to sites of retention. We conclude that exposure to talc disrupts iron homeostasis, is associated with oxidative stress, and results in a biological effect (i.e., a fibro-inflammatory response). Talc pleurodesis can function as a model of the human response to mineral oxide particle exposure, albeit a massive one. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Div Environm Publ Hlth, Human Studies Facil, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Turi, Jennifer L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Pavlisko, Elizabeth N.; Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Publ Hlth, Human Studies Facil, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 80 EP 86 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0168OC PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 884CT UT WOS:000299683200011 PM 22210826 ER PT J AU Gugger, OS Hartmann, J Birnbaumer, L Kapfhammer, JP AF Gugger, Olivia S. Hartmann, Jana Birnbaumer, Lutz Kapfhammer, Josef P. TI P/Q-type and T-type calcium channels, but not type 3 transient receptor potential cation channels, are involved in inhibition of dendritic growth after chronic metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 and protein kinase C activation in cerebellar Purkinje cells SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerebellar organotypic slice cultures; dendritic development; dendritic growth; mouse ID ORGANOTYPIC SLICE CULTURES; CA2+ CHANNELS; PERIPHERAL NEURONS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; TRPC3 CHANNELS; EXPRESSION; CURRENTS; MICE; ANTAGONIST; MUTATION AB The development of a neuronal dendritic tree is modulated both by signals from afferent fibers and by an intrinsic program. We have previously shown that chronic activation of either type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1s) or protein kinase C (PKC) in organotypic cerebellar slice cultures of mice and rats severely inhibits the growth and development of the Purkinje cell dendritic tree. The signaling events linking receptor activation to the regulation of dendritic growth remain largely unknown. We have studied whether channels allowing the entry of Ca2+ into Purkinje cells, in particular the type 3 transient receptor potential cation channels (TRPC3s), P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, and T-type Ca2+ channels, might be involved in signaling after mGluR1 or PKC stimulation. We show that the inhibition of dendritic growth seen after mGluR1 or PKC stimulation is partially rescued by pharmacological blockade of P/Q-type and T-type Ca2+ channels, indicating that activation of these channels mediating Ca2+ influx contributes to the inhibition of dendritic growth. In contrast, the absence of Ca2+ -permeable TRPC3s in TRPC3-deficient mice or pharmacological blockade had no effect on mGluR1-mediated and PKC-mediated inhibition of Purkinje cell dendritic growth. Similarly, blockade of Ca2+ influx through glutamate receptor d2 or R-type Ca2+ channels or inhibition of release from intracellular stores did not influence mGluR1-mediated and PKC-mediated inhibition of Purkinje cell dendritic growth. These findings suggest that both T-type and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, but not TRPC3 or other Ca2+-permeable channels, are involved in mGluR1 and PKC signaling leading to the inhibition of dendritic growth in cerebellar Purkinje cells. C1 [Gugger, Olivia S.; Kapfhammer, Josef P.] Univ Basel, Inst Anat, Dept Biomed Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Hartmann, Jana] Tech Univ Munich, Inst Neurosci, Munich, Germany. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kapfhammer, JP (reprint author), Univ Basel, Inst Anat, Dept Biomed Basel, Pestalozzistr 20, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. EM Josef.Kapfhammer@unibas.ch RI Hartmann, Jana/C-1024-2008 FU University of Basel; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-116624] FX We thank Markus Saxer for technical assistance. This work was supported by the University of Basel and the Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A-116624). NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0953-816X J9 EUR J NEUROSCI JI Eur. J. Neurosci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 20 EP 33 DI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07942.x PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 871KR UT WOS:000298737500003 PM 22188405 ER PT J AU Schaefer, TL Grace, CE Skelton, MR Graham, DL Gudelsky, GA Vorhees, CV Williams, MT AF Schaefer, Tori L. Grace, Curtis E. Skelton, Matthew R. Graham, Devon L. Gudelsky, Gary A. Vorhees, Charles V. Williams, Michael T. TI Neonatal Citalopram Treatment Inhibits the 5-HT Depleting Effects of MDMA Exposure in Rats SO ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Serotonin; dopamine; development; ecstasy; corticosterone; citalopram ID INDUCED SEROTONIN RELEASE; MEDIAL ENTORHINAL CORTEX; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; HPA AXIS ACTIVITY; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; PATH-INTEGRATION; 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE MDMA; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; ADULT RATS; BODY-TEMPERATURE AB Neonatal exposure to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces long-term learning and memory deficits and increased anxiety-like behavior. The mechanism underlying these behavioral changes is unknown, but we hypothesized that it involves perturbations to the serotonergic system as this is the principal mode of action of MDMA in the adult brain. During development, 5-HT is a neurotrophic factor involved in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, migration, and target region specification. We have previously shown that MDMA exposure (4 X 10 mg/kg/day) from postnatal day (P)11-20 (analogous to human third trimester exposure) induces, similar to 50% decreases in hippocampal 5-HT throughout treatment. To determine whether MDMA-induced 5-HT changes are determinative, we tested if these changes could be prevented by treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (citalopram: CIT). In a series of experiments, we evaluated the effects of different doses and dose regimens of CIT on MDMA-induced 5-HT depletions in three brain regions (hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and neostriatum) at three time points (P12, P16, P21) during the treatment interval (P11-20) known to induce behavioral alterations when animals are tested as adults. We found that 5 mg/kg CIT administered twice daily significantly attenuated MDMA-induced 5-HT depletions in all three regions at all three ages but that the protection was not complete at all ages. Striatal dopamine was unaffected. We also found increases in hippocampal NGF and plasma corticosterone following MDMA treatment on P16 and P21, respectively. No changes in BDNF were observed. CIT treatment may be a useful means of interfering with MDMA-induced 5-HT reductions and thus permit tests of the hypothesis that the drug's cognitive and/or anxiety effects are mediated through early disruptions to 5-HT dependent developmental processes. C1 [Vorhees, Charles V.; Williams, Michael T.] Childrens Hosp Res Fdn, Neurol MLC 7044, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Schaefer, Tori L.; Skelton, Matthew R.; Vorhees, Charles V.; Williams, Michael T.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Grace, Curtis E.] US EPA, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Graham, Devon L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Coll Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Gudelsky, Gary A.] Univ Cincinnati, James L Winkle Coll Pharm, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Vorhees, CV (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Res Fdn, Neurol MLC 7044, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM charles.vorhees@cchmc.org; michael.williams@cchmc.org OI Graham, Devon/0000-0003-0318-4602; Skelton, Matthew/0000-0003-4941-3546; Williams, Michael/0000-0001-9841-9683 FU National Institutes of Health [DA006733, DA007427]; [T32 ES007051] FX Supported by National Institutes of Health Grants DA006733 (C.V.V.) and DA007427 (G.A.G.), and training grant T32 ES007051 (T.L.S., M.R.S., and D.L.G.). NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7193 J9 ACS CHEM NEUROSCI JI ACS Chem. Neurosci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 1 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1021/cn2000553 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 879SZ UT WOS:000299353800004 PM 22582138 ER PT J AU Shi, J Ju, M Abramowitz, J Large, WA Birnbaumer, L Albert, AP AF Shi, Jian Ju, Min Abramowitz, Joel Large, William A. Birnbaumer, Lutz Albert, Anthony P. TI TRPC1 proteins confer PKC and phosphoinositol activation on native heteromeric TRPC1/C5 channels in vascular smooth muscle: comparative study of wild-type and TRPC1(-/-) mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Ca2+; signaling; hypertension; transgenic ID OPERATED CA2+ CHANNELS; CA2+-PERMEABLE CATION CHANNEL; GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS; CORONARY-ARTERY MYOCYTES; KINASE-C; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 4,5-BISPHOSPHATE; ANGIOTENSIN-II; CALCIUM-ENTRY; DESENSITIZATION; DIACYLGLYCEROL AB Ca2+-permeable cation channels consisting of canonical transient receptor potential 1 (TRPC1) proteins mediate Ca2+ influx pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which regulate physiological and pathological functions. We investigated properties conferred by TRPC1 proteins to native single TRPC channels in acutely isolated mesenteric artery VSMCs from wildtype (WT) and TRPC1-deficient (TRPC1(-/-)) mice using patch-clamp techniques. In WT VSMCs, the intracellular Ca2+ store-depleting agents cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and 1,2-bis-(2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA-AM) both evoked channel currents, which had unitary conductances of similar to 2 pS. In TRPC1(-/-) VSMCs, CPA-induced channel currents had 3 subconductance states of 14, 32, and 53 pS. Passive depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores activated whole-cell cation currents in WT but not TRPC1(-/-) VSMCs. Differential blocking actions of anti-TRPC antibodies and coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed that CPA induced heteromeric TRPC1/C5 channels in WT VSMCs and TRPC5 channels in TRPC1(-/-) VSMCs. CPA-evoked TRPC1/C5 channel activity was prevented by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine. In addition, the PKC activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a PKC catalytic subunit, and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) activated TRPC1/C5 channel activity, which was prevented by chelerythrine. In contrast, CPA-evoked TRPC5 channel activity was potentiated by chelerythrine, and inhibited by PDBu, PIP2, and PIP3. TRPC5 channels in TRPC1(-/-) VSMCs were activated by increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+](i)), whereas increasing [Ca2+](i) had no effect in WT VSMCs. We conclude that agents that deplete intracellular Ca2+ stores activate native heteromeric TRPC1/C5 channels in VSMCs, and that TRPC1 subunits are important in determining unitary conductance and conferring channel activation by PKC, PIP2, and PIP3.-Shi, J., Ju, M., Abramowitz, J., Large, W. A., Birnbaumer, L., Albert, A. P. TRPC1 proteins confer PKC and phosphoinositol activation on native heteromeric TRPC1/C5 channels in vascular smooth muscle: comparative study of wild-type and TRPC1(-/-) mice. FASEB J. 26, 409-419 (2012). www.fasebj.org C1 [Shi, Jian; Ju, Min; Large, William A.; Albert, Anthony P.] Univ London, Div Biomed Sci, London SW17 0RE, England. [Abramowitz, Joel; Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Albert, AP (reprint author), Univ London, Div Biomed Sci, London SW17 0RE, England. EM aalbert@sgul.ac.uk RI Abramowitz, Joel/A-2620-2015 FU British Heart Foundation FX This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 1 BP 409 EP 419 DI 10.1096/fj.11-185611 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 877SF UT WOS:000299202200040 PM 21968068 ER PT J AU Saha, A Leazer, J Varma, RS AF Saha, Amit Leazer, John Varma, Rajender S. TI O-Allylation of phenols with allylic acetates in aqueous media using a magnetically separable catalytic system SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEHYDRATIVE ALLYLATION; ALCOHOLS; ETHERIFICATION; CARBONATES; COMPLEX; ETHERS; ESTERS; ARYL AB Allylic ethers were synthesized in water using magnetically recoverable heterogeneous Pd catalyst via O-allylation of phenols with allylic acetates under ambient conditions. The aqueous reaction medium, easy recovery of the catalyst using an external magnet, efficient recycling, and the high stability of the catalyst renders the protocol economic and sustainable. C1 [Saha, Amit; Leazer, John; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Saha, A (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Amit Saha was supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 25 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.1039/c1gc16174a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 873JV UT WOS:000298880100007 ER PT J AU Martin, SA Campbell, JL Tremblay, RT Fisher, JW AF Martin, Sheppard A. Campbell, Jerry L., Jr. Tremblay, Raphael T. Fisher, Jeffrey W. TI Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for inhalation of jet fuels in the rat SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE JP-8; S-8; n-alkanes; PBPK modeling; inhalation; aerosol; hydrocarbon mixtures ID PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT; IN-VITRO; NEUROTRANSMITTER LEVELS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; HYDROCARBON MIXTURES; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; FISCHER-344 RATS; TERM EXPOSURE; N-ALKANES; LIVER S9 AB The pharmacokinetic behavior of the majority of jet fuel constituents has not been previously described in the framework of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for inhalation exposure. Toxic effects have been reported in multiple organ systems, though exposure methods varied across studies, utilizing either vaporized or aerosolized fuels. The purpose of this work was to assess the pharmacokinetics of aerosolized and vaporized fuels, and develop a PBPK model capable of describing both types of exposures. To support model development, n-tetradecane and n-octane exposures were conducted at 89 mg/m(3) aerosol+vapor and 1000-5000 ppm vapor, respectively. Exposures to JP-8 and S-8 were conducted at similar to 900-1000 mg/m(3), and similar to 200 mg/m(3) to a 50:50 blend of both fuels. Sub-models were developed to assess the behavior of representative constituents and grouped unquantified constituents, termed "lumps", accounting for the remaining fuel mass. The sub-models were combined into the first PBPK model for petroleum and synthetic jet fuels. Inhalation of hydrocarbon vapors was described with simple gas-exchange assumptions for uptake and exhalation. For aerosol droplets systemic uptake occurred in the thoracic region. Visceral tissues were described using perfusion and diffusion-limited equations. The model described kinetics at multiple fuel concentrations, utilizing a chemical "lumping" strategy to estimate parameters for fractions of speciated and unspeciated hydrocarbons and gauge metabolic interactions. The model more accurately simulated aromatic and lower molecular weight (MW) n-alkanes than some higher MW chemicals. Metabolic interactions were more pronounced at high (similar to 2700-1000 mg/m(3)) concentrations. This research represents the most detailed assessment of fuel pharmacokinetics to date. C1 [Martin, Sheppard A.; Tremblay, Raphael T.] Univ Georgia, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Campbell, Jerry L., Jr.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fisher, Jeffrey W.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Martin, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch MD B105 03, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM martin.sheppard@epa.gov FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-07-1-0132, FA9550-04-1-0334] FX This work was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) grant FA9550-07-1-0132 and an equipment grant, FA9550-04-1-0334. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 BP 1 EP 26 DI 10.3109/08958378.2011.631297 PG 26 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 873DI UT WOS:000298860700001 PM 22188408 ER PT J AU LeFew, W El-Masri, H AF LeFew, William El-Masri, Hisham TI Computational estimation of errors generated by lumping of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) interaction models of inhaled complex chemical mixtures SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Inhalation PBPK model; lumping; order reduction; mixtures ID STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS; METABOLIC INTERACTIONS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; KINETICS; RATS; EXTRAPOLATION; PREDICTION; STRATEGY; HUMANS AB Many cases of environmental contamination result in concurrent or sequential exposure to more than one chemical. However, limitations of available resources make it unlikely that experimental toxicology will provide health risk information about all the possible mixtures to which humans or other species may be exposed. As such, utilizing computational models in order to make toxicological predictions is a useful tool in complementing experimental efforts which examine mixtures in health risk assessment. This paper outlines a novel mathematical method which reduces the complexity of a mixtures model and increases computational efficiency via a biologically-based lumping methodology (BBLM). In contrast to previous chemical lumping methodologies, BBLM allows the computation of error as a measure of the difference between the lumped simulation based on BBLM and the full mathematical model. As a consequence, the modeler has the opportunity to find the optimal configuration in the tradeoff between simplification and accuracy in order to determine an acceptable number and composition of lumped chemicals. To demonstrate this method, lumped equations based on a typical inhalation physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model assuming a competitive inhibition interaction mechanism are developed for a mixture of arbitrary size. The novel methodology is further tested using literature data for a mixture of 10 volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). Through simulation of these chemicals, BBLM is shown to produce good approximations when compared to the unlumped simulation and experimental data. C1 [LeFew, William; El-Masri, Hisham] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div,Syst Biol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP LeFew, W (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lefew.william@epa.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 BP 36 EP 46 DI 10.3109/08958378.2011.633941 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 873DI UT WOS:000298860700003 PM 22149415 ER PT J AU Shannahan, JH Ghio, AJ Schladweiler, MC Richards, JH Andrews, D Gavett, SH Kodavanti, UP AF Shannahan, J. H. Ghio, A. J. Schladweiler, M. C. Richards, J. H. Andrews, D. Gavett, S. H. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Transcriptional activation of inflammasome components by Libby amphibole and the role of iron SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE libby amphibole; lung inflammation; inflammasome; iron ID IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; NALP3 INFLAMMASOME; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; DEPENDENT MECHANISM; NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME; ASBESTOS EXPOSURE; MESOTHELIAL CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DISEASE AB The induction of the NALP3 inflammasome complex is shown to be necessary for the development of fibrosis after asbestos exposure. Libby amphibole (LA) induces lung inflammation and fibrosis, while complexation of iron (Fe) on fibers inhibits inflammation. In this study we examined the ability of LA to induce the inflammasome cascade and the role of Fe in modulating inflammasome activity. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were exposed intratracheally to either saline (300 mu l), deferoxamine (Def) (1 mg), FeCl3 (21 mu g), LA (0.5 mg), Fe-loaded LA (Fe + LA), or LA + Def. Activities of oxidative stress-sensitive enzymes, expression of inflammasome-specific genes, and cytokine proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were analyzed. Lung enzymes at 4 h and 24 h post-exposure were unchanged. LA increased lung expression of genes including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), cathepsin-B, ASC, NALP3, interleukin (IL)-6 and NF kappa B. LA+Fe significantly reduced IL-1 beta and NF kappa B with a trend of reduction in ASC, NALP3, cathepsin-B and IL-6 expression. Def treatment did not reverse the inhibitory effect of Fe on IL-1 beta and ASC but reversed IL-6 expression. CCL-7, CCL-12, CXCL-3 and COX-2 were induced by LA while LA+Fe tended to reduce these responses. Phosphorylation of ERK but not MEK was increased at 4 h after LA but not LA+Fe exposure. In conclusion, components of the NALP3 inflammasome are transcriptionally activated acutely during LA-induced inflammation. The key inflammatory regulators IL-1 beta and NF kappa B were inhibited in the presence of surface-complexed Fe possibly through decreased ERK signaling upstream of the NALP3 inflammasome. The inflammasome activation by LA may contribute to fibrosis, and Fe may reduce this response and alter compensatory mechanisms in individuals exposed to LA. C1 [Schladweiler, M. C.; Richards, J. H.; Gavett, S. H.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shannahan, J. H.] UNC Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ghio, A. J.] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Andrews, D.] US EPA, Res Core Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, MD B105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov FU EPA/UNC; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR833237] FX This work was supported by EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program, Training Agreement CR833237, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 BP 60 EP 69 DI 10.3109/08958378.2011.633942 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 873DI UT WOS:000298860700005 PM 22168577 ER PT J AU Blum, MJ Bagley, MJ Walters, DM Jackson, SA Daniel, FB Chaloud, DJ Cade, BS AF Blum, Michael J. Bagley, Mark J. Walters, David M. Jackson, Suzanne A. Daniel, F. Bernard Chaloud, Deborah J. Cade, Brian S. TI Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Species-genetic diversity correlation; Environmental assessment; Environmental filtering; Central stoneroller; Campostoma ID CAMPOSTOMA-ANOMALUM; GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; CENTRAL STONEROLLER; MICROSATELLITE DATA; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; RIVER-BASIN; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES; DYNAMICS AB Genetic diversity and species diversity are expected to covary according to area and isolation, but may not always covary with environmental heterogeneity. In this study, we examined how patterns of genetic and species diversity in stream fishes correspond to local and regional environmental conditions. To do so, we compared population size, genetic diversity and divergence in central stonerollers (Campostoma anomalum) to measures of species diversity and turnover in stream fish assemblages among similarly sized watersheds across an agriculture-forest land-use gradient in the Little Miami River basin (Ohio, USA). Significant correlations were found in many, but not all, pair-wise comparisons. Allelic richness and species richness were strongly correlated, for example, but diversity measures based on allele frequencies and assemblage structure were not. In-stream conditions related to agricultural land use were identified as significant predictors of genetic diversity and species diversity. Comparisons to population size indicate, however, that genetic diversity and species diversity are not necessarily independent and that variation also corresponds to watershed location and glaciation history in the drainage basin. Our findings demonstrate that genetic diversity and species diversity can covary in stream fish assemblages, and illustrate the potential importance of scaling observations to capture responses to hierarchical environmental variation. More comparisons according to life history variation could further improve understanding of conditions that give rise to parallel variation in genetic diversity and species diversity, which in turn could improve diagnosis of anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems. C1 [Blum, Michael J.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Blum, Michael J.; Bagley, Mark J.; Walters, David M.; Jackson, Suzanne A.; Daniel, F. Bernard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chaloud, Deborah J.; Cade, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Chaloud, Deborah J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Blum, MJ (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM mjblum@tulane.edu RI Walters, David/I-4914-2012 FU US EPA [68D01048]; Sobran, Incorporated FX We thank A. Roth, T. Goyke, T. Wessendarp, and S. Franson for their assistance with preparing tissue samples for genetic analysis, and M. Troyer and M. Griffith for providing access to fish assemblage and physical habitat data. J. Darling, F. McCormick, A. Roy, and two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments and editorial advice that greatly improved this manuscript, and K. Blocksom assisted with multivariate statistics. Field collections of specimens and water samples were completed under US EPA contract # 68D01048 with Sobran, Incorporated. Although this work was reviewed by US EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 78 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 75 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JAN PY 2012 VL 168 IS 1 BP 83 EP 95 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2078-x PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 875TN UT WOS:000299058100009 PM 21833642 ER PT J AU Bradford, DF Kramer, JL Gerstenberger, SL Tallent-Halsell, NG Nash, MS AF Bradford, David F. Kramer, Joanna L. Gerstenberger, Shawn L. Tallent-Halsell, Nita G. Nash, Maliha S. TI Mercury in Tadpoles Collected from Remote Alpine Sites in the Southern Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, USA SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; AMPHIBIAN LARVAE; NATIONAL-PARK; EXPOSURE; BIOACCUMULATION; TRANSPORT; RIVER; FISH; AGE AB Amphibians in alpine wetlands of the Sierra Nevada mountains comprise key components of an aquatic-terrestrial food chain, and mercury contamination is a concern because concentrations in fish from this region exceed thresholds of risk to piscivorous wildlife. Total mercury concentrations were measured in whole tadpoles of the Sierra chorus frog, Pseudacris sierra, two times at 27 sites from high elevations (2786-3375 m) in the southern Sierra Nevada. Median mercury concentrations were 14 ng/g wet weight (154 ng/g dry weight), which were generally low in comparison to tadpoles of 15 other species/location combinations from studies that represented both highly contaminated and minimally contaminated sites. Mercury concentrations in P. sierra were below concentrations known to be harmful in premetamorphic tadpoles of another species and below threshold concentrations for risk to predaceous wildlife. Concentrations in tadpoles were also lower than those observed in predaceous fish in the study region presumably because tadpoles in the present study were much younger (1-2 months) than fish in the other study (3-10 years), and tadpoles represent a lower trophic level than these fish. Mercury concentrations were not related to distance from the adjacent San Joaquin Valley, a source of agricultural and industrial pollutants. C1 [Bradford, David F.; Tallent-Halsell, Nita G.; Nash, Maliha S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Kramer, Joanna L.; Gerstenberger, Shawn L.] Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Bradford, DF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Landscape Ecol Branch, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM bradford.david@epa.gov FU Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks; US EPA [DW14989008]; National Park Service FX We thank Kerri Stanley for determining tadpole moisture content. We are grateful for the support from Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, and we thank many other individuals who contributed to the project: Hassan Basagic, Danny Boiano, Joanna Christion, Annie Esperanza, Amanda Marusich, Rebecca Rising, Carrie Vernon, and Harold Werner. We also thank Deb Chaloud for comments on the manuscript. This research was funded in part by the US EPA through Interagency Agreement DW14989008 with the National Park Service. The article has been approved for publication by the EPA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 62 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1007/s00244-011-9674-y PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 868CP UT WOS:000298501600015 PM 21505867 ER PT J AU Waller, K Driscoll, C Lynch, J Newcomb, D Roy, K AF Waller, Kristin Driscoll, Charles Lynch, Jason Newcomb, Dani Roy, Karen TI Long-term recovery of lakes in the Adirondack region of New York to decreases in acidic deposition SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Acid neutralizing capacity; Acid rain program; Adirondacks; Atmospheric deposition; Sulfate; TIME ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; CHEMISTRY; TRENDS; ACIDIFICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; PROJECT; INPUTS AB After years of adverse impacts to the acid-sensitive ecosystems of the eastern United States, the Acid Rain Program and Nitrogen Budget Program were developed to control sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions through market-based cap and trade systems. We used data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program's National Trends Network (NTN) and the U.S. EPA Temporally Integrated Monitoring of Ecosystems (TIME) program to evaluate the response of lake-watersheds in the Adirondack region of New York to changes in emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides resulting from the Acid Rain Program and the Nitrogen Budget Program. TIME is a long-term monitoring program designed to sample statistically selected subpopulations of lakes and streams across the eastern U.S. to quantify regional trends in surface water chemistry due to changes in atmospheric deposition. Decreases in wet sulfate deposition for the TIME lake-watersheds from 1991 to 2007 (-1.04 meq m(-2)-yr) generally corresponded with decreases in estimated lake sulfate flux (-1.46 +/- 0.72 meq m(-2)-yr), suggesting declines in lake sulfate were largely driven by decreases in atmospheric deposition. Decreases in lake sulfate and to a lesser extent nitrate have generally coincided with increases in acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) resulting in shifts in lakes among ANC sensitivity classes. The percentage of acidic Adirondack lakes (ANC <0 mu eg L(-1)) decreased from 15.5% (284 lakes) to 8.3% (152 lakes) since the implementation of the Acid Rain Program and the Nitrogen Budget Program. Two measures of ANC were considered in our analysis: ANC determined directly by Gran plot analysis (ANC(G)) and ANC calculated by major ion chemistry (ANC(calc) = C(B) - C(A)). While these two metrics should theoretically show similar responses, ANC(calc) (+2.03 mu eq L(-1)-yr) increased at more than twice the rate as ANC(G) (+0.76 mu eq L(-1)-yr). This discrepancy has important implications for assessments of lake recovery and appears to be due to compensatory increases in concentrations of naturally occurring organic acids coincident with decreases in lake concentrations of strong acid anions, as evidenced by increases in concentrations of dissolved organic carbon. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Waller, Kristin; Driscoll, Charles] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Lynch, Jason; Newcomb, Dani] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Roy, Karen] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Ray Brook, NY 12977 USA. RP Waller, K (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 151 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM kawaller@syr.edu; ctdrisco@syr.edu; Lynch.jason@epa.gov; newcomb.dani@epa.gov; kmroy@gw.dec.state.ny.us RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; New York Department of Environmental Conservation; EPA NCER FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the New York Department of Environmental Conservation. In particular KW was supported by an EPA NCER fellowship, and is currently working as a Staff Engineer at O'Brien and Gere Engineers. NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 7 U2 65 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 46 BP 56 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.031 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871UM UT WOS:000298763200007 ER PT J AU Putman, AL Offenberg, JH Fisseha, R Kundu, S Rahn, TA Mazzoleni, LR AF Putman, Annie L. Offenberg, John H. Fisseha, Rebeka Kundu, Shuvashish Rahn, Thom A. Mazzoleni, Lynn R. TI Ultrahigh-resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry characterization of alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Secondary organic aerosol; Water-soluble organic compounds; HR-MS ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CYCLOHEXENE OZONOLYSIS; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; MOLECULAR FORMULAS; FULVIC-ACIDS; BETA-PINENE; CHEMISTRY; OLIGOMERS; ISOPRENE AB Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) of alpha-pinene ozonolysis with and without hydroxyl radical scavenging hexane was characterized by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Molecular formulas for more than 900 negative ions were identified over the mass range of 100-850 u. Hydroxyl radicals formed during the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene might be expected to alter the composition of SOA, however a majority of the molecular formulas were identified in all three experiments and with a few exceptions they had similar relative abundances. Thus, the detailed composition of SOA was only slightly influenced by the presence or absence of hydroxyl radical scavenging hexane. The negative-ion mass spectra of the SOA contained four groups of peaks with increasing mass spectral complexity corresponding to increasing molecular weight. The mean values of 0:C decreased from 0.55 to 0.42 with increasing molecular weight, but the mean value of H:C, approximately 1.5, did not change with increasing molecular weight. The molecular formulas with the highest relative abundances in Groups I and II contained 5-7 and 7-10 oxygen atoms and 3-4 and 5-7 double bond equivalents, respectively. The molecular formulas with the highest relative abundances in Groups III and IV contained 10-13 and 13-16 oxygen atoms and 7-9 and 9-11 double bond equivalents, respectively. Observations of the oxygen content and the double bond equivalents of the SOA products suggest a complex mixture of accretion reaction mechanisms, without an easily confirmable dominating pathway. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Putman, Annie L.; Kundu, Shuvashish; Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Offenberg, John H.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fisseha, Rebeka; Rahn, Thom A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Mazzoleni, LR (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM lrmazzol@mtu.edu RI Mazzoleni, Lynn/H-6545-2011; Rahn, Thom/C-5211-2012; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; OI Mazzoleni, Lynn/0000-0002-0226-7337; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Rahn, Thomas/0000-0001-8634-1348 FU Michigan Tech Research for Excellence Fund; Los Alamos National Laboratory; NSF [OCE-0619608]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; WHOI; Department of Chemistry at Michigan Tech FX Financial support for this research was provided by a research seed grant from the Michigan Tech Research for Excellence Fund and the Los Alamos National Laboratory-Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. We thank Drs. Melissa Soule & Elizabeth Kujawinski of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Mass Spectrometry Facility for instrument time and data acquisition assistance. The facility is supported by NSF OCE-0619608 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. A. L Putman thanks the WHOI Mass Spectrometry Facility for a travel fellowship. S. Kundu thanks David J. Pruett and Valeria L Pruett for fellowship support via the Department of Chemistry at Michigan Tech. We thank the anonymous reviewers who provided helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. The manuscript has been subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 51 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 46 BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.003 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871UM UT WOS:000298763200019 ER PT J AU Hutzell, WT Luecken, DJ Appel, KW Carter, WPL AF Hutzell, W. T. Luecken, D. J. Appel, K. W. Carter, W. P. L. TI Interpreting predictions from the SAPRC07 mechanism based on regional and continental simulations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE SAPRC; Air quality model; Tropospheric photochemistry ID MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; AEROSOL AB The SAPRC07T mechanism is implemented and evaluated in the CMAQ air quality model. The implementation is described and tested with simulations over the United States for two periods. The evaluation compares results against observations for ozone and particulate matter as well as against predictions from the SAPRC-99 mechanism for the same simulation periods and model domain. Comparisons against SAPRC-99 results reveal largest differences over urban areas with low VOC to NO(x) ratios. Integrated rate analysis is used to investigate the chemical reactions responsible for these differences. Comparison against observations shows over predictions of ozone concentrations over the southeastern United States. The errors appear linked to failing to match the observations during early morning hours. We discuss the source of the errors in terms of both simulation inputs and the photochemical mechanism and recommend potential directions for improving applications with regional photochemical models. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hutzell, W. T.; Luecken, D. J.; Appel, K. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Carter, W. P. L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Engn, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Hutzell, WT (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop E243-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hutzell.bill@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We gratefully acknowledge the help and support from several individuals. Ajith Kaduwela and Chexia Cai at the California Air Resources Board supported developing and evaluating the SAPRC07 mechanism. James Kelly at the US EPA provided useful insight and suggestions on the paper. The peer reviewers at the Atmospheric Environment contributed thoughtful suggestions that have helped clarify this paper. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 46 BP 417 EP 429 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.030 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871UM UT WOS:000298763200045 ER PT J AU Copeland, WC AF Copeland, William C. TI Defects in mitochondrial DNA replication and human disease SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE DNA polymerase g; mitochondrial DNA replication; nucleotide pools; mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome; progressive external ophthalmoplegia; ataxia-neuropathy ID PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA; POLYMERASE-GAMMA MUTATIONS; NEUROGASTROINTESTINAL ENCEPHALOMYOPATHY MNGIE; THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE-DEFICIENCY; RECESSIVE TWINKLE MUTATIONS; MULTIPLE MTDNA DELETIONS; P55 ACCESSORY SUBUNIT; DEOXYGUANOSINE KINASE; POLG MUTATIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE AB Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is replicated by the DNA polymerase g in concert with accessory proteins such as the mtDNA helicase, single stranded DNA binding protein, topoisomerase, and initiating factors. Nucleotide precursors for mtDNA replication arise from the mitochondrial salvage pathway originating from transport of nucleosides, or alternatively from cytoplasmic reduction of ribonucleotides. Defects in mtDNA replication or nucleotide metabolism can cause mitochondrial genetic diseases due to mtDNA deletions, point mutations, or depletion which ultimately cause loss of oxidative phosphorylation. These genetic diseases include mtDNA depletion syndromes such as Alpers or early infantile hepatocerebral syndromes, and mtDNA deletion disorders, such as progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), ataxia-neuropathy, or mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE). This review focuses on our current knowledge of genetic defects of mtDNA replication (POLG, POLG2, C10orf2) and nucleotide metabolism (TYMP, TK2, DGOUK, and RRM2B) that cause instability of mtDNA and mitochondrial disease. C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Copeland, WC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, POB 12233, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM copelan1@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH [ES 065078, ES 065080] FX The author reports no declarations of interests. This review was supported by intramural funds from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH (ES 065078 and ES 065080). NR 107 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 34 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-9238 J9 CRIT REV BIOCHEM MOL JI Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.3109/10409238.2011.632763 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 863TA UT WOS:000298189700005 PM 22176657 ER PT J AU von der Kammer, F Ferguson, PL Holden, PA Masion, A Rogers, KR Klaine, SJ Koelmans, AA Horne, N Unrine, JM AF von der Kammer, Frank Ferguson, P. Lee Holden, Patricia A. Masion, Armand Rogers, Kim R. Klaine, Stephen J. Koelmans, Albert A. Horne, Nina Unrine, Jason M. TI Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): General considerations and conceptual case studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Nanomaterial; Carbon nanomaterial; Metal oxide nanoparticle; Characterization; Quantum dot ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; CDSE QUANTUM DOTS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; COLLOID ANALYSIS; ICP-MS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA AB Advances in the study of the environmental fate, transport, and ecotoxicological effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been hampered by a lack of adequate techniques for the detection and quantification of ENMs at environmentally relevant concentrations in complex media. Analysis of ENMs differs from traditional chemical analysis because both chemical and physical forms must be considered. Because ENMs are present as colloidal systems, their physicochemical properties are dependent on their surroundings. Therefore, the simple act of trying to isolate, observe, and quantify ENMs may change their physicochemical properties, making analysis extremely susceptible to artifacts. Many analytical techniques applied in materials science and other chemical/biological/physical disciplines may be applied to ENM analysis as well; however, environmental and biological studies may require that methods be adapted to work at low concentrations in complex matrices. The most pressing research needs are the development of techniques for extraction, cleanup, separation, and sample storage that introduce minimal artifacts to increase the speed, sensitivity, and specificity of analytical techniques, as well as the development of techniques that can differentiate between abundant, naturally occurring particles, and manufactured nanoparticles. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:3249. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Unrine, Jason M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Masion, Armand] Aix Marseille Univ, Aix En Provence, France. [Masion, Armand] CNRS, Ctr Europeen Rech & Enseignement Geosci Environm, Aix En Provence, France. [Rogers, Kim R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [von der Kammer, Frank] Univ Vienna, Dept Environm Geosci, Vienna, Austria. [Klaine, Stephen J.] Clemson Univ, Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC USA. [Koelmans, Albert A.] Wageningen Univ, Ijmuiden, Netherlands. [Horne, Nina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrated Nanoscale Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Unrine, JM (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM Jason.Unrine@uky.edu RI von der Kammer, Frank/B-3743-2013; Ferguson, Lee/A-5501-2013; OI von der Kammer, Frank/0000-0002-8653-6687; Unrine, Jason/0000-0003-3012-5261; Koelmans, Albert/0000-0001-7176-4356 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA); Arcadis-US; Clemson University Institute of Environmental Toxicology; National Science Foundation [EF0830093, DBI 0830117, RD834574, RD83485701, RD833335, R833886, R834092, RD833859, RD831716]; Centre national de la recherche scientifique; Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives of France FX This paper evolved from discussions held at a SETAC-endorsed Technical Workshop held at Clemson University in August, 2010. The workshop was sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Arcadis-US, and the Clemson University Institute of Environmental Toxicology.; The assistance of K. Newton to the authors is gratefully acknowledged. The authors received financial support from the U.S. EPA and National Science Foundation (EF0830093, DBI 0830117, RD834574, RD83485701, RD833335, R833886, R834092, RD833859, and RD831716) and the Centre national de la recherche scientifique and the Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives of France. This manuscript has been subjected to U.S. EPA administrative review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the U.S. EPA. NR 100 TC 181 Z9 185 U1 14 U2 245 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 SI SI BP 32 EP 49 DI 10.1002/etc.723 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 860ED UT WOS:000297930700004 PM 22021021 ER PT J AU Nowack, B Ranville, JF Diamond, S Gallego-Urrea, JA Metcalfe, C Rose, J Horne, N Koelmans, AA Klaine, SJ AF Nowack, Bernd Ranville, James F. Diamond, Stephen Gallego-Urrea, Julian A. Metcalfe, Chris Rose, Jerome Horne, Nina Koelmans, Albert A. Klaine, Stephen J. TI Potential scenarios for nanomaterial release and subsequent alteration in the environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Nanomaterials-containing products; Nanoparticles; Environmental transformation; Fate; Transport; Risk assessment ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; IN-VITRO; MANUFACTURED NANOPARTICLES; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS; NANOSILVER TOXICITY; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; CONSUMER PRODUCTS AB The risks associated with exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) will be determined in part by the processes that control their environmental fate and transformation. These processes act not only on ENM that might be released directly into the environment, but more importantly also on ENM in consumer products and those that have been released from the product. The environmental fate and transformation are likely to differ significantly for each of these cases. The ENM released from actual direct use or from nanomaterial-containing products are much more relevant for ecotoxicological studies and risk assessment than pristine ENM. Released ENM may have a greater or lesser environmental impact than the starting materials, depending on the transformation reactions and the material. Almost nothing is known about the environmental behavior and the effects of released and transformed ENM, although these are the materials that are actually present in the environment. Further research is needed to determine whether the release and transformation processes result in a similar or more diverse set of ENM and ultimately how this affects environmental behavior. This article addresses these questions, using four hypothetical case studies that cover a wide range of ENM, their direct use or product applications, and their likely fate in the environment. Furthermore, a more definitive classification scheme for ENM should be adopted that reflects their surface condition, which is a result of both industrial and environmental processes acting on the ENM. The authors conclude that it is not possible to assess the risks associated with the use of ENM by investigating only the pristine form of the ENM, without considering alterations and transformation processes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:5059. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Nowack, Bernd] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, St Gallen, Switzerland. [Ranville, James F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Gallego-Urrea, Julian A.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Chem, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Metcalfe, Chris] Trent Univ, Inst Freshwater Sci, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Rose, Jerome] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS Europole Mediterraneen Arbois, Aix En Provence, France. [Horne, Nina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrated Nanoscale Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Koelmans, Albert A.] Wageningen Univ, Aquat Ecol & Water Qual Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Koelmans, Albert A.] IMARES, Ijmuiden, Netherlands. [Klaine, Stephen J.] Clemson Univ, Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC USA. [Diamond, Stephen] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Nowack, B (reprint author), Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, St Gallen, Switzerland. EM nowack@empa.ch RI Gallego Urrea, Julian/F-3693-2010; Nowack, Bernd/B-6425-2008; OI Gallego Urrea, Julian/0000-0001-8527-8084; Nowack, Bernd/0000-0002-5676-112X; Koelmans, Albert/0000-0001-7176-4356; ranville, james/0000-0002-4347-4885 FU Environmental Protection Agency; Arcadis-US; Clemson University Institute of Environmental Toxicology FX This paper evolved from discussions held at a SETAC-endorsed Technical Workshop held at Clemson University in August, 2010. The workshop was sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency, Arcadis-US, and the Clemson University Institute of Environmental Toxicology. NR 94 TC 221 Z9 227 U1 15 U2 242 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 SI SI BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1002/etc.726 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 860ED UT WOS:000297930700005 PM 22038832 ER PT J AU Kong, LJ Zepp, RG AF Kong, Lingjun Zepp, Richard G. TI Production and consumption of reactive oxygen species by fullerenes SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Buckminster fullerene; Fullerenol; Singlet oxygen; Superoxide; Hydroxyl radical ID SINGLET OXYGEN; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; AGGREGATION STATE; SURFACE WATERS; UV-IRRADIATION; C-60; GENERATION; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; TRANSFORMATION AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most important intermediates in chemical, photochemical, and biological processes. To understand the environmental exposure and toxicity of fullerenes better, the production and consumption of ROS (singlet oxygen, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals) by Buckminster fullerene (C60) and fullerenol were investigated in aqueous systems. Fullerenol exhibits higher photoproduction efficiency of singlet oxygen and superoxide than aqueous suspensions of C60 aggregates (aqu/nC60), and this higher efficiency results in higher steady-state concentrations of these two ROS. Transmission electron microscopy indicates that the C60 molecules in aqu/nC60 are much more closely packed than the C60 cages in fullerenol. These observations provide additional evidence that the lower ROS production efficiency of aqu/nC60 is attributable primarily to efficient self-quenching of C60 triplet states. Production of singlet oxygen by aqu/nC60 is accelerated by increasing oxygen concentration and in part is sensitized by fluorescent photoproducts that accumulate during irradiation. The fullerenes react slowly with singlet oxygen (second-order rate constant <4 x 105M-1s-1), but react rapidly with hydroxyl radicals (second-order rate constants of 5.4 x 109 and 4 x 108M-1s-1 for aqu/nC60 and fullerenol, respectively). These results show that environmental conditions, including light exposure and oxygen concentration, have the potential to impact the generation of toxic ROS by fullerenes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:136143. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Kong, Lingjun; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Kong, Lingjun] US EPA, Natl Res Council Associateship, Athens, GA USA. RP Zepp, RG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. EM zepp.richard@epa.gov NR 37 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 SI SI BP 136 EP 143 DI 10.1002/etc.711 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 860ED UT WOS:000297930700016 PM 21994164 ER PT J AU Heaney, CD Sams, E Dufour, AP Brenner, KP Haugland, RA Chern, E Wing, S Marshall, S Love, DC Serre, M Noble, R Wade, TJ AF Heaney, Christopher D. Sams, Elizabeth Dufour, Alfred P. Brenner, Kristen P. Haugland, Richard A. Chern, Eunice Wing, Steve Marshall, Stephen Love, David C. Serre, Marc Noble, Rachel Wade, Timothy J. TI Fecal Indicators in Sand, Sand Contact, and Risk of Enteric Illness Among Beachgoers SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECREATIONAL WATER-QUALITY; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRESH-WATER; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENT; MARINE BEACHES; SURFACE-WATER; LAKE-MICHIGAN; F+ COLIPHAGE AB Background: Beach sand can harbor fecal indicator organisms and pathogens, but enteric illness risk associated with sand contact remains unclear. Methods: In 2007, visitors at 2 recreational marine beaches were asked on the day of their visit about sand contact. Ten to 12 days later, participants answered questions about health symptoms since the visit. F(+) coliphage, Enterococcus, Bacteroidales, fecal Bacteroides, and Clostridium spp. in wet sand were measured using culture and molecular methods. Results: We analyzed 144 wet sand samples and completed 4999 interviews. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were computed, comparing those in the highest tertile of fecal indicator exposure with those who reported no sand contact. Among those digging in sand compared with those not digging in sand, a molecular measure of Enterococcus spp. (calibrator cell equivalents/g) in sand was positively associated with gastrointestinal (GI) illness (aOR = 2.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-3.2]) and diarrhea (2.4 [1.4-4.2]). Among those buried in sand, point estimates were greater for GI illness (3.3 [1.3-7.9]) and diarrhea (4.9 [1.8-13]). Positive associations were also observed for culture-based Enterococcus (colony-forming units/g) with GI illness (aOR digging = 1.7 [1.1-2.7]) and diarrhea (2.1 [1.3-3.4]). Associations were not found among nonswimmers with sand exposure. Conclusions: We observed a positive relationship between sand-contact activities and enteric illness as a function of concentrations of fecal microbial pollution in beach sand. C1 [Heaney, Christopher D.; Wing, Steve; Marshall, Stephen] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Heaney, Christopher D.; Sams, Elizabeth; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dufour, Alfred P.; Brenner, Kristen P.; Chern, Eunice; Noble, Rachel] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Heaney, Christopher D.; Haugland, Richard A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Serre, Marc] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Heaney, CD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cheaney@jhsph.edu OI Marshall, Stephen/0000-0002-2664-9233; serre, marc/0000-0003-3145-4024 FU US Environmental Protection Agency [EPA CR83323601]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [T32 ES007018]; UNC Department of Biostatistics; UNC Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention FX Supported by US Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training in Environmental Sciences Research EPA CR83323601; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Environmental Epidemiology Training Grant (T32 ES007018), UNC Department of Biostatistics; Kellogg Health Scholars Program-Community Track, UNC Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. The authors reported no other financial interests related to this research. NR 47 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 1 BP 95 EP 106 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31823b504c PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 863IU UT WOS:000298156800015 PM 22157306 ER PT J AU Riitters, KH Coulston, JW Wickham, JD AF Riitters, Kurt H. Coulston, John W. Wickham, James D. TI Fragmentation of forest communities in the eastern United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Edge effects; Intact forest; Indicators ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; LAND-COVER DATABASE; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; TEMPORAL-CHANGE; LANDSCAPES; HABITAT; ROAD; US; SUSTAINABILITY; INDICATORS AB Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest communities in the eastern United States. Forest communities exhibiting either a low total area or low percentage of intact forest are subject to relatively higher risk of shifts in stand composition towards edge-adapted and invasive species. Such changes in stand composition could result in local extirpation of communities, homogenization of forest communities at broader spatial scales, and a consequential reduction of the biodiversity values of forestland. To evaluate current conditions, we combined forest inventory data with land cover data to compare 70 forest communities in terms of the amount and ownership of intact (i.e., not fragmented) forest, and the proximate causes (i.e., adjacent land cover) of fragmentation. Only 45% of total forestland area was intact in 4.41-ha neighborhoods, but that varied from 13% to 78% among forest communities. Among 10 community groups, the proximate causes of fragmentation reflected their typical geographic context, and the relative importance of fragmentation by development was higher in mostly-forested neighborhoods than in less-forested neighborhoods. Fragmentation was also higher on privately owned forestland than on public forestland. Because of the regional dominance of only a few forest communities and private land ownership, the total regional area of intact forest was driven more by the total area of those strata than by their fragmentation characteristics. The results provide insight for targeting land management strategies to maintain the diversity and regional distributions of intact forest communities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Coulston, John W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Riitters, KH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.022 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200011 ER PT J AU Prabhu, V Kim, T Khakpour, Y Serre, SD Clack, HL AF Prabhu, Vinit Kim, Taehoon Khakpour, Yasmin Serre, Shannon D. Clack, Herek L. TI Evidence of powdered activated carbon preferential collection and enrichment on electrostatic precipitator discharge electrodes during sorbent injection for mercury emissions control SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Electrostatic; Precipitation; Activated carbon; Ash ID PARTICLE MASS-TRANSFER; FIRED POWER-PLANTS; ASH; ADSORPTION; IMPACT AB Removal of mercury from coal-derived flue gas by injecting powdered sorbents often involves a substantial portion removed within an electrostatic precipitator (ESP). The present investigation uses a lab-scale ESP to assess the potential for injected sorbents to collect preferentially on discharge electrode wires. Such preferential collection would increase the adsorption capacity of the accumulated dust cake on the discharge electrodes, increasing their potential contribution to the total mercury removal performance of the ESP. The lab-scale results involving various fly ashes and both carbon-based and non-carbon mercury sorbents confirm that powdered activated carbon is enriched in the discharge electrode dust cake relative to its concentration in suspension in the gas flow. Other results explore the effects of applied ESP polarity, voltage, and power, percent PAC added to the fly ash, and total particulate matter loading entering the ESP on the collection behavior. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Prabhu, Vinit; Kim, Taehoon; Khakpour, Yasmin; Clack, Herek L.] IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Serre, Shannon D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Clack, HL (reprint author), IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, 10 W 32nd St,E1 Rm 243, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM prabvin2@iit.edu; tkim18@iit.edu; ykhakpou@iit.edu; shannon.serre@epa.gov; herek.clack@iit.edu FU Illinois Clean Coal Institute FX This project was funded by the Illinois Clean Coal Institute with funds made available by the State of Illinois. The authors also wish to thank the sorbent manufacturers for providing samples of their mercury sorbents for this investigation. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 93 IS 1 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.09.006 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 868GR UT WOS:000298512200002 ER PT J AU Grace, S Lytle, DA Goltz, MN AF Grace, Stephen Lytle, Darren A. Goltz, Mark N. TI Control of new copper corrosion in high-alkalinity drinking water SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Research and field experience have shown that high-alkalinity waters can be associated with elevated copper levels in drinking water. The objective of this study was to document the application of orthophosphate (PO(4)) to the distribution system of a building with a copper problem associated with high-alkalinity source water. The alkalinity and pH of the water were 273 mg/L calcium carbonate and 7.4, respectively, and copper levels at taps ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 mg/L. Experimental bench-scale jar tests proved to be useful for establishing an appropriate orthophosphate dose. A simple chemical feed system delivered orthophosphate to the building at a dose of approximately 3 mg/L PO(4). Within several weeks, copper levels throughout the building dropped below the Lead and Copper Rule copper action level of 1.3 mg/L. Orthophosphate levels remained consistent across the building and did not change during stagnation. The addition of orthophosphate also increased the chlorine residuals of flushed water samples. C1 [Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lytle.darren@epa.gov OI Goltz, Mark/0000-0003-3601-6453 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 39 EP 40 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0002 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 875JE UT WOS:000299025400010 ER PT J AU Neumann, NF Villegas, LF Ashbolt, NJ AF Neumann, Norman F. Villegas, Leah Fohl Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Research findings: What utility managers need to know SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 [Neumann, Norman F.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. [Neumann, Norman F.] Alberta Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Villegas, Leah Fohl] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Neumann, NF (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. RI Neumann, Norman/J-8310-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 63 EP 65 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 875JE UT WOS:000299025400018 ER PT J AU Bauer, RN Diaz-Sanchez, D Jaspers, I AF Bauer, Rebecca N. Diaz-Sanchez, David Jaspers, Ilona TI Effects of air pollutants on innate immunity: The role of Toll-like receptors and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toll-like receptor; NOD-like receptor; pattern recognition receptor; inflammasome; cigarette smoke; particulate matter; ozone; diesel exhaust; nanoparticles; air pollutant; innate immunity; host defense; pathogen-associated molecular pattern; danger-associated molecular pattern; lung; airway ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME; NALP3 INFLAMMASOME; OZONE EXPOSURE; LUNG HYPERPERMEABILITY; PULMONARY INFLAMMATION; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS AB Interactions between exposure to ambient air pollutants and respiratory pathogens have been shown to modify respiratory immune responses. Emerging data suggest key roles for Toll-like receptor (TLR) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) signaling in pathogen-induced immune responses. Similarly, immune responses elicited by exposure to air pollutants are mediated by specific TLR- and NLR-dependent mechanisms. This review article will summarize current knowledge about how air pollutants modify TLR-and NLR-dependent signaling and host defense responses in the lung. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129: 14-24.) C1 [Bauer, Rebecca N.; Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jaspers, I (reprint author), 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ilona_japsers@med.unc.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); NIEHS/National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH; Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute FX R. N. Bauer has received research support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Toxicology Training Grant and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Translational Medicine Training Grant. D. Diaz-Sanchez declares that he has no relevant conflicts of interest. I. Jaspers has received research support from the NIEHS/National Institutes of Health (NIH); the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH; and the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute. NR 87 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 15 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP 14 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.004 PG 13 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 869XT UT WOS:000298634000003 PM 22196521 ER PT J AU Tian, J Berton, TR Shirley, SH Lambertz, I Gimenez-Conti, IB DiGiovanni, J Korach, KS Conti, CJ Fuchs-Young, R AF Tian, Jie Berton, Thomas R. Shirley, Stephanie H. Lambertz, Isabel Gimenez-Conti, Irma B. DiGiovanni, John Korach, Kenneth S. Conti, Claudio J. Fuchs-Young, Robin TI Developmental stage determines estrogen receptor alpha expression and non-genomic mechanisms that control IGF-1 signaling and mammary proliferation in mice SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE; CYCLIN D1; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; BINDING PROTEIN-3; GLAND DEVELOPMENT; DOCKING PROTEINS AB Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) stimulates increased proliferation and survival of mammary epithelial cells and also promotes mammary tumorigenesis. To study the effects of IGF-1 on the mammary gland in vivo, we used BK5.IGF-1 transgenic (Tg) mice. In these mice, IGF-1 overexpression is controlled by the bovine keratin 5 promoter and recapitulates the paracrine exposure of breast epithelium to stromal IGF-1 that is seen in women. Studies have shown that BK5.IGF-1 Tg mice are more susceptible to mammary tumorigenesis than wild-type littermates. Investigation of the mechanisms underlying increased mammary cancer risk, reported here, revealed that IGF-1 preferentially activated the PI3K/Akt pathway in glands from prepubertal Tg mice, resulting in increased cyclin D1 expression and hyperplasia. However, in glands from postpubertal Tg mice, a pathway switch occurred and activation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway predominated, without increased cyclin D1 expression or proliferation. We further showed that in prepubertal Tg glands, signaling was mediated by formation of an ER alpha/IRS-1 complex, which activated IRS-1 and directed signaling via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Conversely, in postpubertal Tg glands, reduced ER alpha expression failed to stimulate formation of the ER alpha/IRS-1 complex, allowing signaling to proceed via the alternate Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. These in vivo data demonstrate that changes in ER alpha expression at different stages of development direct IGF-1 signaling and the resulting tissue responses. As ER alpha levels are elevated during the prepubertal and postmenopausal stages, these may represent windows of susceptibility during which increased IGF-1 exposure maximally enhances breast cancer risk. C1 [Fuchs-Young, Robin] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Sci Pk Res, Dept Mol Carcinogenesis, Smithville, TX 78957 USA. [Shirley, Stephanie H.; Gimenez-Conti, Irma B.; DiGiovanni, John; Conti, Claudio J.; Fuchs-Young, Robin] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Univ Texas Grad Sch Biomed Sci Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Fuchs-Young, R (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Sci Pk Res, Dept Mol Carcinogenesis, POB 389, Smithville, TX 78957 USA. EM rfyoung@mdanderson.org OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Center [ES07784]; NIH/National Cancer Institute [CA16672, CA104114]; US Army Medical Research and Material Command [DAMD17-01-0303] FX The work was supported by NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Center grant ES07784, NIH/National Cancer Institute grants CA16672 (Cancer Center Support Grant) and CA104114 (to R. Fuchs-Young), and US Army Medical Research and Material Command grant DAMD17-01-0303 (to J. Tian). We thank Noirin Cullinan-Ammann for assistance with animal maintenance. We also thank Joyce E. Rundhaug for advice and thoughtful comments on the manuscript. NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 122 IS 1 BP 192 EP 204 DI 10.1172/JCI42204 PG 13 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 871WW UT WOS:000298769400024 PM 22182837 ER PT J AU Melnyk, LJ McCombs, M Brown, GG Raymer, J Nishioka, M Buehler, S Freeman, N Michael, LC AF Melnyk, Lisa Jo McCombs, Michelle Brown, G. Gordon Raymer, James Nishioka, Marcia Buehler, Stephanie Freeman, Natalie Michael, Larry C. TI Community duplicate diet methodology: A new tool for estimating dietary exposures to pesticides SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; METABOLITES; COLLECTION; URINE AB An observational field study was conducted to assess the feasibility of a community duplicate diet collection method; a dietary monitoring tool that is population-based. The purpose was to establish an alternative procedure to duplicate diet sampling that would be more efficient for a large, defined population, e. g., in the National Children's Study (NCS). Questionnaire data and food samples were collected in a residence so as not to lose the important component of storage, preparation, and handling in a contaminated microenvironment. The participants included nine Hispanic women of child bearing age living in Apopka, FL, USA. Foods highly consumed by Hispanic women were identified based on national food frequency questionnaires and prioritized by permethrin residue concentrations as measured for the Pesticide Data Program. Participants filled out questionnaires to determine if highly consumed foods were commonly eaten by them and to assess the collection protocol for the food samples. Measureable levels of permethrin were found in 54% of the samples. Questionnaire responses indicated that the collection of the community duplicate diet was feasible for a defined population. C1 [Melnyk, Lisa Jo] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McCombs, Michelle; Brown, G. Gordon; Raymer, James; Michael, Larry C.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nishioka, Marcia; Buehler, Stephanie] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Freeman, Natalie] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Melnyk, LJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Melnyk.lisa@epa.gov; mmccombs@rti.org; ggbrown@rti.org; jraymer@rti.org; nishiomg@battelle.org; buehlers@battelle.org; lcm@rti.org FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through Office of Research and Development [EP-D-04-068] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here under contract EP-D-04-068 to Battelle, subcontracted to RTI International. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1039/c1em10611b PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873BM UT WOS:000298855800011 PM 22048778 ER PT J AU Phillips, L Moya, J AF Phillips, Linda Moya, Jacqueline TI Estimation of age-specific per capita home-produced food intake among populations that garden, farm, or raise animals SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE home-produced foods; per capita intake; intake of fruits; intake of vegetables; intake of meats; intake of dairy products AB Intake of home-produced foods may be a concern in areas where chemical contamination exists. Estimating exposure to contaminants in home-produced foods requires knowledge of the amount of these foods consumed. The US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA's) Exposure Factors Handbook provides data on consumption of home-produced foods based on the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) 1987-1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS), the most recent national food survey that contains the information necessary to estimate home-produced consumption. These data represent "consumer-only" intake rate distributions for various age and demographic categories. "Consumers-only" information is also provided for households who garden, farm, and raise animals for all age groups combined. However, these "consumer-only" values may not always be appropriate when assessing chronic exposures. Furthermore, data for all ages combined may not be useful for estimating exposure among age groups that may be of particular concern. This paper provides age-specific `` per capita'' intake rate distributions of home-produced foods specifically for the populations that garden, farm, and raise animals, using data from EPA's Exposure Factors Handbook. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2012) 22, 101-108; doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.17; published online 27 April 2011 C1 [Phillips, Linda; Moya, Jacqueline] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Phillips, L (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mailcode 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM phillips.linda@epa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.17 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 864NZ UT WOS:000298248200011 PM 21522189 ER PT J AU Lin, CJ Shetty, SK Pan, L Pongprueksa, P Jang, C Chu, HW AF Lin, Che-Jen Shetty, Suraj K. Pan, Li Pongprueksa, Pruek Jang, Carey Chu, Hsing-wei TI Source attribution for mercury deposition in the contiguous United States: Regional difference and seasonal variation SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; WET DEPOSITION; SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTIES; NATURAL SOURCES; NORTH-AMERICA; EAST-ASIA; TRANSPORT; EMISSION; MODEL; FATE AB Quantifying the contribution of emission sources responsible for mercury deposition in specific receptor regions helps develop emission control strategies that alleviate the impact on ecosystem and human health. In light of the maximum available control technology (MACT) rules proposed by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the ongoing intergovernmental negotiation coordinated by United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) for mercury, the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ-Hg) was applied to estimate the source contribution in six subregions of the contiguous United States (CONUS). The considered source categories include electric generating units (EGU), iron and steel industry (IRST), other industrial point sources excluding EGU and IRST (OIPM), the remaining anthropogenic sources (RA), natural processes (NAT), and out-of-boundary transport (BC). It is found that, on an annual basis, dry deposition accounts for two-thirds of total annual deposition in CONUS (474 Mg yr(-1)), mainly contributed by reactive gaseous mercury (about 60% of total deposition). The contribution from large point sources can be as high as 75% near the emission sources (<100 km), indicating that emission reduction may result in direct deposition decrease near the source locations. Out-of-boundary transport contributes from 68% (Northeast) to 91% (West Central) of total deposition. Excluding the contribution from out-of boundary transport, EGU contributes to about 50% of deposition in the Northeast, Southeast, and East Central regions, whereas emissions from natural processes are more important in the Pacific and West Central regions (contributing up to 40% of deposition). This suggests that the implementation of the new EPA MACT standards will significantly benefit only these three regions. Emission speciation is a key factor for local deposition. The source contribution exhibits strong seasonal variation. Deposition is greater in warm seasons due to stronger Hg-0 oxidation. However, the contribution from anthropogenic sources is smaller in warm seasons because of larger emissions from natural processes and stronger vertical mixing that facilitates transport. Implications: In the United States, electric generation, industrial combustion, and waste incineration are the most important anthropogenic emission sources of mercury. These sources can contribute up to 75% of total annual mercury deposition near the source locations. Controlling emissions from these sources will benefit more significantly to the eastern United States. Speciation of mercury emissions plays an important role in local deposition. Total annual mercury deposition caused by foreign anthropogenic emissions is significant compared to that from domestic sources on a national basis, suggesting that a coordinated global emission reduction effort is important for effectively reducing mercury deposition in the United States. C1 [Lin, Che-Jen; Pongprueksa, Pruek] Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Coll Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Lin, Che-Jen] S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Shetty, Suraj K.] Lamar Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Pan, Li; Chu, Hsing-wei] Lamar Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Jang, Carey] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Lin, CJ (reprint author), Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Coll Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. EM Jerry.Lin@lamar.edu RI Pan, Li/G-1327-2012; Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013 OI Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093 FU Texas Air Research Center (TARC); EPA FX This work is supported in part by Texas Air Research Center (TARC) and the EPA. The funding support is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also want to thank Kirk Baker at the EPA for his assistance in obtaining the emission inventory and meteorological data used in this modeling assessment. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PY 2012 VL 62 IS 1 BP 52 EP 63 DI 10.1080/10473289.2011.622066 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 873LS UT WOS:000298885400007 PM 22393810 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Carraway, MS Madden, MC AF Ghio, Andrew J. Carraway, Martha Sue Madden, Michael C. TI COMPOSITION OF AIR POLLUTION PARTICLES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CELLS, TISSUES, AND LIVING SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; OIL FLY-ASH; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION PORE; SPIN-RESONANCE SPECTROMETRY; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; FREE-RADICAL FORMATION; HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES AB Epidemiological studies demonstrated an association between increased levels of ambient air pollution particles and human morbidity and mortality. Production of oxidants, either directly by the air pollution particles or by the host response to the particles, appears to be fundamental in the biological effects seen after exposure to particulate matter (PM). However, the precise components and mechanisms responsible for oxidative stress following PM exposure are yet to be defined. Direct oxidant generation by air pollution particles is attributed to organic and metal components. Organic compounds generate an oxidative stress through redox cycling of quinone-based radicals, by complexing of metal resulting in electron transport, and by depletion of antioxidants by reactions between quinones and thiol-containing compounds. Metals directly support electron transport to generate oxidants and also diminish levels of antioxidants. In addition to direct generation of oxidants by organic and metal components, cellular responses contribute to oxidative stress after PM exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurs in the mitochondria, cell membranes, phagosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum. Oxidative stress following PM exposure initiates a series of cellular reactions that includes activation of kinase cascades and transcription factors and release of inflammatory mediators, which ultimately lead to cell injury or apoptosis. Consequently, oxidative stress in cells and tissues is a central mechanism by which PM exposure leads to injury, disease, and mortality. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Carraway, Martha Sue; Madden, Michael C.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), Human Studies Facil, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 159 TC 121 Z9 126 U1 12 U2 80 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PY 2012 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1080/10937404.2012.632359 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 870WQ UT WOS:000298700000001 PM 22202227 ER PT J AU Tan, YM Sobus, J Chang, D Tornero-Velez, R Goldsmith, M Pleil, J Dary, C AF Tan, Yu-Mei Sobus, Jon Chang, Daniel Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Goldsmith, Michael Pleil, Joachim Dary, Curtis TI RECONSTRUCTING HUMAN EXPOSURES USING BIOMARKERS AND OTHER "CLUES" SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID HUMAN BIOMONITORING DATA; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; MONITORING-PROGRAM; ATRAZINE; PESTICIDES; AGE; METHYLMERCURY; PERCHLORATE; METABOLITES; RESIDUES AB Biomonitoring is the process by which biomarkers are measured in human tissues and specimens to evaluate exposures. Given the growing number of population-based biomonitoring surveys, there is now an escalated interest in using biomarker data to reconstruct exposures for supporting risk assessment and risk management. While detection of biomarkers is de facto evidence of exposure and absorption, biomarker data cannot be used to reconstruct exposure unless other information is available to establish the external exposure-biomarker concentration relationship. In this review, the process of using biomarker data and other information to reconstruct human exposures is examined. Information that is essential to the exposure reconstruction process includes (1) the type of biomarker based on its origin (e. g., endogenous vs. exogenous), (2) the purpose/design of the biomonitoring study (e. g., occupational monitoring), (3) exposure information (including product/chemical use scenarios and reasons for expected contact, the physicochemical properties of the chemical and nature of the residues, and likely exposure scenarios), and (4) an understanding of the biological system and mechanisms of clearance. This review also presents the use of exposure modeling, pharmacokinetic modeling, and molecular modeling to assist in integrating these various types of information. C1 [Tan, Yu-Mei; Sobus, Jon; Chang, Daniel; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio; Goldsmith, Michael; Pleil, Joachim] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dary, Curtis] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Tan, YM (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tan.cecilia@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 56 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PY 2012 VL 15 IS 1 BP 22 EP 38 DI 10.1080/10937404.2012.632360 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 870WQ UT WOS:000298700000002 PM 22202228 ER PT J AU Hassett, EM Stehman, SV Wickham, JD AF Hassett, Elizabeth M. Stehman, Stephen V. Wickham, James D. TI Estimating landscape pattern metrics from a sample of land cover SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Probability sampling; Design-based inference; Horvitz-Thompson estimator; Stratified sampling; Land-cover change ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; INDEXES; FRAGMENTATION; ECOLOGY; MISCLASSIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; COMPLETION; INDICATORS; CORRIDORS; TRENDS AB Although landscape pattern metrics can be computed directly from wall-to-wall land-cover maps, statistical sampling offers a practical alternative when complete coverage land-cover information is unavailable. Partitioning a region into spatial units and then selecting a subset (sample) of these units introduces artificial patch edge and patch truncation effects that may lead to biased sample-based estimators of landscape pattern metrics. The bias and variance of sample-based estimators of status and change in landscape pattern metrics were evaluated for four 120-km x 120-km test regions with land cover provided by the 1992 and 2001 National Land-Cover Data of the United States. Bias was generally small for both the estimators of status and estimators of change in landscape pattern, but exceptions to this favorable result exist and it is advisable to assess bias for the specific metrics and region of interest in any given application. A 10-km x 10-km sample block generally yielded larger biases but smaller variances for the estimators relative to a 20-km x 20-km sample block. Stratified random sampling improved precision of the estimators relative to simple random sampling. The methodology developed to determine properties of sample-based estimators can be readily extended to evaluate other landscape pattern metrics, regions, and sample block sizes. C1 [Hassett, Elizabeth M.; Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stehman, SV (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 320 Bray Hall,1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM svstehma@syr.edu NR 50 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 133 EP 149 DI 10.1007/s10980-011-9657-4 PG 17 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 864HI UT WOS:000298228300011 ER PT J AU Judson, RS Mortensen, HM Shah, I Knudsen, TB Elloumi, F AF Judson, Richard S. Mortensen, Holly M. Shah, Imran Knudsen, Thomas B. Elloumi, Fathi TI Using pathway modules as targets for assay development in xenobiotic screening SO MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE; IDENTIFYING FUNCTIONAL MODULES; GENE-EXPRESSION SIGNATURE; HIGH-THROUGHPUT DATA; PROTEIN-INTERACTION; BIOCHEMICAL NETWORKS; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; REGULATORY NETWORKS; MOLECULAR NETWORKS; DISEASE GENES AB Toxicology and pharmaceutical research is increasingly making use of high throughout-screening (HTS) methods to assess the effects of chemicals on molecular pathways, cells and tissues. Whole-genome microarray analysis provides broad information on the response of biological systems to chemical exposure, but is not practical to use when thousands of chemicals need to be evaluated at multiple doses and time points, as well as across different tissues, species and life-stages. A useful alternative approach is to identify a focused set of genes that can give a coarse picture of systems-level responses and that can be scaled to the evaluation of thousands of chemicals and diverse biological contexts. We demonstrate a computational approach to select in vitro expression assay targets that are informative and broadly distributed in biological pathway space, using the concept of pathway modularity. Canonical pathways are decomposed into subnetworks (modules) of functionally-related genes based on rules such as co-regulated expression, protein-protein interactions, and coordinated physiological activity. Pathway modules are constructed using these rules but are then restricted by the bounds of canonical pathways. We demonstrate this approach using a subset of genes associated with tumor development and cancer progression. Target genes were identified for assay development, and then validated by using independent, published microarray data. The result is a targeted set of genes that are sensitive predictors of whether a chemical will perturb each pathway module. These selected genes could then form the basis for a battery to test for pathway-chemical interactions under many biological contexts using throughput expression-based assays. C1 [Judson, Richard S.; Mortensen, Holly M.; Shah, Imran; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Elloumi, Fathi] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Judson, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM judson.richard@epa.gov; felloumi@email.unc.edu OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 NR 74 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1742-206X J9 MOL BIOSYST JI Mol. Biosyst. PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 531 EP 542 DI 10.1039/c1mb05303e PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 874YP UT WOS:000298994900012 PM 22075577 ER PT J AU Simons, SB Caruana, DA Zhao, ML Dudek, SM AF Simons, Stephen B. Caruana, Douglas A. Zhao, Meilan Dudek, Serena M. TI Caffeine-induced synaptic potentiation in hippocampal CA2 neurons SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; ADENOSINE; RECEPTOR; PLASTICITY; TRANSMISSION; ANTAGONISTS; MEMORY; RATS AB Caffeine enhances cognition, but even high non-physiological doses have modest effects on synapses. A(1) adenosine receptors (A(1)Rs) are antagonized by caffeine and are most highly enriched in hippocampal CA2, which has not been studied in this context. We found that physiological doses of caffeine in vivo or A(1)R antagonists in vitro induced robust, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in rat CA2 without affecting other regions of the hippocampus. C1 [Simons, Stephen B.; Caruana, Douglas A.; Zhao, Meilan; Dudek, Serena M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, US Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Dudek, SM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, US Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM dudek@niehs.nih.gov OI Dudek, Serena M./0000-0003-4094-8368 FU US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES 100221] FX We thank D. Armstrong and members of the Dudek laboratory for their input on the manuscript. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES 100221). NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1097-6256 J9 NAT NEUROSCI JI Nat. Neurosci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 1 BP 23 EP 25 DI 10.1038/nn.2962 PG 3 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 866VO UT WOS:000298414400009 PM 22101644 ER PT J AU Miller, EK Bugna, J Libster, R Shepherd, BE Scalzo, PM Acosta, PL Hijano, D Reynoso, N Batalle, JP Coviello, S Klein, MI Bauer, G Benitez, A Kleeberger, SR Polack, FP AF Miller, E. Kathryn Bugna, Jimena Libster, Romina Shepherd, Bryan E. Scalzo, Paula M. Acosta, Patricio L. Hijano, Diego Reynoso, Natalia Batalle, Juan P. Coviello, Silvina Ines Klein, M. Bauer, Gabriela Benitez, Alicia Kleeberger, Steven R. Polack, Fernando P. TI Human Rhinoviruses in Severe Respiratory Disease in Very Low Birth Weight Infants SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE premature infants; rhinovirus; very low birth weight ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-DISEASE; PALIVIZUMAB PROPHYLAXIS; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; HIGH-RISK; ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS; PREMATURE-INFANTS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; PRETERM INFANTS; YOUNG-CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVES: To assess incidence, burden of illness, and risk factors for human rhinoviruses (HRVs) in a cohort of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS: A 2-year prospective cohort study was conducted among VLBW premature infants in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Infants were enrolled in the NICU from June 1, 2003, to May 31, 2005, and managed monthly and with every acute respiratory illness (ARI) during the first year of life. Nasal wash samples were obtained during every respiratory episode and tested for HRV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza viruses, influenza viruses, and human metapneumovirus using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of 119 patients, 66 (55%) had HRV-associated ARIs. The incidence of HRV-associated ARI was 123 events per 100 child-years of follow-up. Of those infants experiencing an episode of bronchiolitis, 40% had HRV versus 7% with RSV. The incidence of HRV-associated bronchiolitis was 75 per 100 infant-years of follow-up. HRV was associated with 12 of 36 hospitalizations (33%), and RSV was associated with 9 of 36 hospitalizations (25%). The incidence of HRV-associated hospitalization was 12 per 100 infant-years of follow-up. The risk of HRV-associated hospitalization was higher for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those who were not breastfed. CONCLUSIONS: HRV is an important and frequent pathogen associated with severe respiratory infections in VLBW infants. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the absence of breastfeeding are risk factors for hospitalization. The results of our study reveal that HRV is the predominant pathogen of respiratory infections in premature infants. Pediatrics 2012; 129: e60-e67 C1 [Miller, E. Kathryn; Libster, Romina; Hijano, Diego; Polack, Fernando P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Shepherd, Bryan E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Bugna, Jimena; Libster, Romina; Scalzo, Paula M.; Acosta, Patricio L.; Hijano, Diego; Reynoso, Natalia; Batalle, Juan P.; Coviello, Silvina; Ines Klein, M.; Polack, Fernando P.] Fdn INFANT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ines Klein, M.; Bauer, Gabriela] Hosp Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ines Klein, M.; Benitez, Alicia] Maternidad Sarda, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Kleeberger, Steven R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Polack, FP (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, 1161 21st Ave S,MCN B3307, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM fernando.p.polack@vanderbilt.edu OI Acosta, Patricio/0000-0002-4164-7674 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [KL2 RR24977-03, 1K23AI091691-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Thrasher Research Fund; National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director, Fogarty International Center [R24 TW007988] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; This study was funded by the Director's Challenge Award from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Drs Kleeberger and Polack) and the Thrasher Research Fund (Dr Polack). Dr Bugna was supported by the National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director, Fogarty International Center through the International Clinical Research Scholars and Fellows Program at Vanderbilt University (R24 TW007988). Dr Miller received support from NIH KL2 RR24977-03 and NIH 1K23AI091691-01. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP E60 EP E67 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0583 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 870BT UT WOS:000298644800009 PM 22201153 ER PT J AU Fann, N Lamson, AD Anenberg, SC Wesson, K Risley, D Hubbell, BJ AF Fann, Neal Lamson, Amy D. Anenberg, Susan C. Wesson, Karen Risley, David Hubbell, Bryan J. TI Estimating the National Public Health Burden Associated with Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Ozone SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE air pollution; mortality; ozone; PM2; 5; public health burden ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; MODEL EVALUATION; TIME-SERIES; MORTALITY; DEATHS; US; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE AB Ground-level ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are associated with increased risk of mortality. We quantify the burden of modeled 2005 concentrations of O3 and PM2.5 on health in the United States. We use the photochemical Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model in conjunction with ambient monitored data to create fused surfaces of summer season average 8-hour ozone and annual mean PM2.5 levels at a 12 km grid resolution across the continental United States. Employing spatially resolved demographic and concentration data, we assess the spatial and age distribution of air-pollution-related mortality and morbidity. For both PM2.5 and O3 we also estimate: the percentage of total deaths due to each pollutant; the reduction in life years and life expectancy; and the deaths avoided according to hypothetical air quality improvements. Using PM2.5 and O3 mortality risk coefficients drawn from the long-term American Cancer Society (ACS) cohort study and National Mortality and Morbidity Air Pollution Study (NMMAPS), respectively, we estimate 130,000 PM2.5-related deaths and 4,700 ozone-related deaths to result from 2005 air quality levels. Among populations aged 6599, we estimate nearly 1.1 million life years lost from PM2.5 exposure and approximately 36,000 life years lost from ozone exposure. Among the 10 most populous counties, the percentage of deaths attributable to PM2.5 and ozone ranges from 3.5% in San Jose to 10% in Los Angeles. These results show that despite significant improvements in air quality in recent decades, recent levels of PM2.5 and ozone still pose a nontrivial risk to public health. C1 [Fann, Neal; Lamson, Amy D.; Anenberg, Susan C.; Wesson, Karen; Risley, David; Hubbell, Bryan J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fann, N (reprint author), Mail Drop C539-07,104 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM fann.neal@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575; Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 55 TC 118 Z9 124 U1 17 U2 135 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 81 EP 95 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01630.x PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 871MP UT WOS:000298742500010 PM 21627672 ER PT J AU Wetmore, BA Wambaugh, JF Ferguson, SS Sochaski, MA Rotroff, DM Freeman, K Clewell, HJ Dix, DJ Andersen, ME Houck, KA Allen, B Judson, RS Singh, R Kavlock, RJ Richard, AM Thomas, RS AF Wetmore, Barbara A. Wambaugh, John F. Ferguson, Stephen S. Sochaski, Mark A. Rotroff, Daniel M. Freeman, Kimberly Clewell, Harvey J., III Dix, David J. Andersen, Melvin E. Houck, Keith A. Allen, Brittany Judson, Richard S. Singh, Reetu Kavlock, Robert J. Richard, Ann M. Thomas, Russell S. TI Integration of Dosimetry, Exposure, and High-Throughput Screening Data in Chemical Toxicity Assessment SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE reverse dosimetry; in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation; toxicokinetics; human exposure; ToxCast ID EQUIVALENTS EXPERT WORKSHOP; IN-VIVO; BIOMONITORING EQUIVALENTS; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; DRUG-METABOLISM; TOXCAST PROGRAM; PREDICTION; PHARMACOKINETICS AB High-throughput in vitro toxicity screening can provide an efficient way to identify potential biological targets for chemicals. However, relying on nominal assay concentrations may misrepresent potential in vivo effects of these chemicals due to differences in bioavailability, clearance, and exposure. Hepatic metabolic clearance and plasma protein binding were experimentally measured for 239 ToxCast Phase I chemicals. The experimental data were used in a population-based in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation model to estimate the daily human oral dose, called the oral equivalent dose, necessary to produce steady-state in vivo blood concentrations equivalent to in vitro AC(50) (concentration at 50% of maximum activity) or lowest effective concentration values across more than 500 in vitro assays. The estimated steady-state oral equivalent doses associated with the in vitro assays were compared with chronic aggregate human oral exposure estimates to assess whether in vitro bioactivity would be expected at the dose-equivalent level of human exposure. A total of 18 (9.9%) chemicals for which human oral exposure estimates were available had oral equivalent doses at levels equal to or less than the highest estimated U. S. population exposures. Ranking the chemicals by nominal assay concentrations would have resulted in different chemicals being prioritized. The in vitro assay endpoints with oral equivalent doses lower than the human exposure estimates included cell growth kinetics, cytokine and cytochrome P450 expression, and cytochrome P450 inhibition. The incorporation of dosimetry and exposure provide necessary context for interpretation of in vitro toxicity screening data and are important considerations in determining chemical testing priorities. C1 [Wetmore, Barbara A.; Sochaski, Mark A.; Clewell, Harvey J., III; Andersen, Melvin E.; Allen, Brittany; Singh, Reetu; Thomas, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wambaugh, John F.; Rotroff, Daniel M.; Dix, David J.; Houck, Keith A.; Judson, Richard S.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Richard, Ann M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ferguson, Stephen S.; Freeman, Kimberly] Life Technol Corp, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Thomas, RS (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rthomas@thehamner.org OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X FU American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative; EPA [CR83323601-DESE] FX Funding for the research performed at The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, including plasma protein binding measurements, analytical chemistry analysis, computational IVIVE modeling, and pharmacokinetic modeling was provided by the American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative. Funding was also provided by the EPA CR83323601-DESE Cooperative Training Agreement with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (to D.M.R.). NR 66 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 5 U2 59 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 125 IS 1 BP 157 EP 174 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr254 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 871JP UT WOS:000298734400016 PM 21948869 ER PT J AU Liang, ZB He, ZL Zhou, XX Powell, CA Yang, YE Roberts, MG Stoffella, PJ AF Liang, Zhanbei He, Zhenli Zhou, Xuxia Powell, Charles A. Yang, Yuangen Roberts, Michael G. Stoffella, Peter J. TI High diversity and differential persistence of fecal Bacteroidales population spiked into freshwater microcosm SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bacteroidales population; Persistence; Diversity; Fecal pollution; Freshwater; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; GENETIC-MARKERS; RIVER WATER; HUMAN FECES; POLLUTION; BACTERIA; TEMPERATURE; FRAGILIS; ASSAYS AB Bacteroidales markers are promising indicators of fecal pollution and are now widely used in microbial source tracking (MST) studies. However, a thorough understanding of the persistence of Bacteroidales population after being released into environmental waters is lacking. We investigated the persistence of two host specific markers (HF183 and CF193) and temporal change of Bacteroidales population over 14 days in freshwater microcosms seeded with human or bovine feces. The concentrations of HF183/CF193 and Escherichia coli were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and standard cultivation method, respectively. Shifts in the Bacteroidales population structure were fingerprinted using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and subsequent sequencing analysis targeting both 16S rDNA and rRNA-transcribed cDNA. Both HF183 and CF193 decayed significantly faster than E. coli but the decay curves fit poorly with first-order model. High diversity of Bacteroidales population was observed for both microcosms, and persistence of different species in the population varied. Sequence analysis indicated that most of the bovine Bacteroidales populations in our study are unexplored. DGGE and decay curve indicated that RNA decayed faster than DNA, further supporting the use of rRNA as indicator of metabolically active Bacteroidales population. Evaluations with more realistic scenarios are warranted prior to extending the results of this study to real field settings. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liang, Zhanbei; He, Zhenli; Zhou, Xuxia; Powell, Charles A.; Yang, Yuangen; Stoffella, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Roberts, Michael G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Liang.Zhanbei@epamail.epa.gov; zhe@ufl.edu; zhouxx1205@163.com; capowell@ufl.edu; ygyang@ufl.edu; Roberts.Michael@epamail.epa.gov; pjs@ufl.edu RI john, liang/F-6147-2012; He, Zhenli/R-1494-2016 OI He, Zhenli/0000-0001-7761-2070 FU South Florida Water Management District [4600001774] FX This study was in part supported by a grant (contract #4600001774) from South Florida Water Management District. We thank Dr. V. Harwood in University of South Florida for technical assistance and valuable suggestion in this project. Special thanks are extended to the two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 247 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.004 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 868ML UT WOS:000298527300025 PM 22100053 ER PT J AU Lai, DY AF Lai, David Y. TI Toward toxicity testing of nanomaterials in the 21st century: a paradigm for moving forward SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; INDUCE OXIDATIVE STRESS; IN-VITRO TOXICITY; PULMONARY TOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PARTICLE-SIZE; SURFACE-AREA; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; INHALATION TOXICITY AB A challenge-facing hazard identification and safety evaluation of engineered nanomaterials being introduced to market is the diversity and complexity of the types of materials with varying physicochemical properties, many of which can affect their toxicity by different mechanisms. In general, in vitro test systems have limited usefulness for hazard identification of nanoparticles due to various issues. Meanwhile, conducting chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies in rodents for every new nanomaterial introduced into the commerce is impractical if not impossible. New toxicity testing systems which rely on predictive, high-throughput technologies may be the ultimate goal of evaluating the potential hazard of nanomaterials. However, at present, this approach alone is unlikely to succeed in evaluating the toxicity of the wide array of nanomaterials and requires validation from in vivo studies. This article proposes a paradigm for toxicity testing and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of reference materials for specific nanomaterial classes/subclasses using short-term in vivo animal studies in conjunction with high-throughput screenings and mechanism-based short-term in vitro assays. The hazard potential of a particular nanomaterial can be evaluated by conducting only in vitro high-throughput assays and mechanistic studies and comparing the data with those of the reference materials in the specific class/subclassan approach in line with the vision for Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century of chemicals. With well-designed experiments, testing nanomaterials of varying/selected physicochemical parameters may be able to identify the physicochemical parameters contributing to toxicity. The data so derived could be used for the development of computer model systems to predict the hazard potential of specific nanoparticles based on propertyactivity relationships. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:115. doi: 10.1002/wnan.162 C1 US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Risk Assessment Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Lai, DY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Risk Assessment Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lai.david@epa.gov NR 93 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 4 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1002/wnan.162 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 864SD UT WOS:000298259400001 PM 21965171 ER PT J AU Guo, XH Cai, WJ Huang, WJ Wang, YC Chen, FZ Murrell, MC Lohrenz, SE Jiang, LQ Dai, MH Hartmann, J Lin, Q Culp, R AF Guo, Xianghui Cai, Wei-Jun Huang, Wei-Jen Wang, Yongchen Chen, Feizhou Murrell, Michael C. Lohrenz, Steven E. Jiang, Li-Qing Dai, Minhan Hartmann, Justin Lin, Qi Culp, Randy TI Carbon dynamics and community production in the Mississippi River plume SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-CARBON; EAST CHINA SEA; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; BIOLOGICAL UPTAKE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; ZAIRE ESTUARY; WATER AB Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TAlk), pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were determined in the Mississippi River plume during five cruises conducted in the spring, summer, and fall. In contrast to many other large rivers, both DIC and TAlk were higher in river water than in seawater. Substantial losses of DIC, relative to TAlk, occurred within the plume, particularly at intermediate salinities. DIC removal was accompanied by high DO, high pH, and nutrient depletion, and was attributed to high phytoplankton production. As a result, the carbonate saturation in the plume became much higher than in ocean and river waters. A mixing model was used to determine DIC removal. We provide evidence that the use of a two-end-member (river and ocean) mixing model was valid during late summer and fall (low discharge period). However, for other periods we used salinity and TAlk to delineate a mixing model that included two river end members and an ocean end member. Net community production rates in the plume, estimated using a box model, peaked in the summer and were among the highest reported to date for large river plumes. In the summer and fall, biological production in the river plume consumed a majority of the available nutrients, whereas during the spring only a small fraction of the available nutrients were consumed in the plume. Biological production was the dominant process influencing pH and carbonate saturation state along the river-ocean gradient, whereas physicochemical dynamics of mixing played an important role in controlling the TAlk and DIC distributions of this large river plume. C1 [Guo, Xianghui; Cai, Wei-Jun; Huang, Wei-Jen; Wang, Yongchen; Chen, Feizhou; Jiang, Li-Qing; Hartmann, Justin] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Guo, Xianghui; Dai, Minhan] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen, Peoples R China. [Murrell, Michael C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Lohrenz, Steven E.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Lin, Qi] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 3, Key Lab Global Change & Marine Atmospher Chem, Xiamen, Peoples R China. [Culp, Randy] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Isotope Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cai, WJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM wcai@uga.edu RI Carl, Marx/B-2314-2012; Cai, Wei-Jun/C-1361-2013; Jiang, Li-Qing/G-5228-2014; Dai, Minhan/G-3343-2010; OI Cai, Wei-Jun/0000-0003-3606-8325; Jiang, Li-Qing/0000-0003-3311-1658; Dai, Minhan/0000-0003-0550-0701; Lohrenz, Steven/0000-0003-3811-2975 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNS04AB84H, NNG05GD22G]; National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Ocean Sciences [(OCE)-0752110, OCE-0752254]; NASA [NNX10AU06G]; Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [40928006] FX The cooperation of the crews and the scientific staff of R/V Pelican and Ocean Survey Vessel (OSV) Bold are appreciated. Guirong Han measured the dissolved inorganic carbon samples. Zhongyong Gao helped with sample collection during the September 2006 cruise. Roman Stanley measured the dissolved oxygen samples on OSV Bold cruises. The October 2005 and April 2006 cruises were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through grants NNS04AB84H and NNG05GD22G, under which X.-H. Guo was a visiting student at the University of Georgia. We thank Arthur C.-T. Chen for discussion. Data synthesis and manuscript preparation were supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Ocean Sciences (OCE)-0752110 (Cai) and OCE-0752254 (Lohrenz), NASA grant NNX10AU06G (Lohrenz and Cai), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through grant 40928006 (Cai and Dai). NR 58 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-3590 EI 1939-5590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.4319/lo.2012.57.1.0001 PG 17 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 865OX UT WOS:000298321300001 ER PT S AU Perry, RD Bobrov, AG Kirillina, O Rhodes, ER Actis, LA Fetherston, JD AF Perry, Robert D. Bobrov, Alexander G. Kirillina, Olga Rhodes, Eric R. Actis, Luis A. Fetherston, Jacqueline D. BE DeAlmeida, AMP Leal, NC TI Yersinia pestis Transition Metal Divalent Cation Transporters SO ADVANCES IN YERSINIA RESEARCH SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Yersinia CY OCT 23-27, 2010 CL Recife, BRAZIL ID IRON UPTAKE SYSTEM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FERROUS IRON; ZINC TRANSPORTER; VIRULENCE; MANGANESE; YFE; PATHOGENESIS; GENES; FUR C1 [Perry, Robert D.; Bobrov, Alexander G.; Kirillina, Olga; Fetherston, Jacqueline D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Rhodes, Eric R.] Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Rhodes, Eric R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Actis, Luis A.] Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Perry, RD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM rperry@uky.edu FU Public Health Service [AI033481, DE13657]; National Institutes of Health FX The experimental studies in this chapter were partially supported by Public Health Service grant AI033481 from the National Institutes of Health (RDP, AGB, OK, and JDF) and by Public Health Service grant DE13657 (ERR and LAA). We thank Justin Radolf for thoughtful discussions of divalent cation transport, regulation, and homeostasis. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4614-3560-0; 978-1-4614-3561-7 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 954 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-3561-7_34 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA BA2DD UT WOS:000333327900035 PM 22782773 ER PT S AU Hale, SS Westhead, M AF Hale, Stephen S. Westhead, Maxine BE Stephenson, RL Annala, JH Runge, JA HallArber, M TI Ecosystem Services in the Gulf of Maine SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of the Gulf CY OCT 04-09, 2009 CL St Andrews, CANADA SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada AB The primary goal of ecosystem-based management (EBM) is to sustain the long-term capacity of the natural world to provide ecosystem services. A technical workshop was held on October 5, 2009 at the 2009 Gulf of Maine Symposium, with the objective of moving toward identifying, mapping, quantifying, and valuing ecosystem services in the Gulf of Maine. Ecosystem services are the benefits humans derive from ecosystems the things we need and care about that we get from nature. Making the benefits of biodiversity and ecosystem services more apparent to environmental managers and society at large is necessary to pave the way for more efficient policy and management. Ecosystem services can provide a framework for assessing and resolving trade-offs among potentially conflicting human activities. Many of the scientific and technical elements necessary to move forward with ecosystem services approaches and EBM in the Gulf of Maine are already in place and have been applied in other areas. Currently, what is lacking is a policy and regulatory framework. Outstanding research questions include a more complete understanding of all ecosystem services, how they can be valued, and how the links within and among social-ecological systems influence their delivery. To implement ecosystem services and EBM in the Gulf of Maine, we need a clear vision, institutions with clear mandates, EBM science infrastructure, and integrative and interdisciplinary partnerships. Infrastructure for United States Canada science coordination is in place through the Gulf of Maine Council and RARGOM (the Regional Association for Research on the Gulf of Maine). However, management issues are more difficult because we have bilateral agreements only on fish stock management, and we need formal agreements to work together on broader ecosystem elements. C1 [Hale, Stephen S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Westhead, Maxine] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Maritimes Reg, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2V9, Canada. RP Hale, SS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [AED-10-023]; Office of Research and Development; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; Atlantic Ecology Division; Narragansett, Rhode Island FX Special thanks to the seven workshop presenters and four panelists from whom we freely borrowed for this summary. Thanks to Rob Stephenson, Lara Cooper, and the others on the Gulf of Maine Science Symposium organizing committee for a stimulating conference and for ensuring that all went smoothly. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. This is contribution number AED-10-023 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-30-1 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2012 VL 79 BP 1 EP + PG 2 WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BB5UJ UT WOS:000344125500001 ER PT S AU Hale, SS AF Hale, Stephen S. BE Stephenson, RL Annala, JH Runge, JA HallArber, M TI Spatial Patterns of Subtidal Benthic Invertebrates and Environmental Factors in the Nearshore Gulf of Maine SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of the Gulf CY OCT 04-09, 2009 CL St Andrews, CANADA SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PATTERNS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; UNITED-STATES; ESTUARIES; ASSEMBLAGES; COASTAL; INDEX AB Spatial patterns of subtidal benthic invertebrates and physical-chemical variables in the nearshore Gulf of Maine (Acadian biogeographic province) were studied to provide information to calibrate benthic indices of ecological condition, determine physical-chemical factors affecting species distributions, and compare recent data with historical biogeographic studies. Knowledge of the distribution of species and how they are affected by biotic, environmental, and anthropogenic factors is essential to the pursuit of ecosystem-based management. Five years (2000-2004) of data from 268 reference stations of the National Coastal Assessment were used. Multidimensional scaling done on Bray-Curtis similarity matrices of species' relative abundance (367 species) showed faunal transitions around Cape Ann and Cape Elizabeth, with a weaker transition around Penobscot Bay. 'The southernmost area shared 41% of its species with the northernmost area. An ordination of environmental data (temperature, salinity, sediment percent silt-clay, depth) correlated well with the ordination of benthic relative abundance data (R = 0.75,p < 0.03). Temperature was the most important factor affecting broad species distribution patterns, followed by salinity. A multivariate regression tree first split the fauna at a temperature of 16 degrees C. Species richness increased with increasing salinity but showed no relationship with latitude or percent silt-clay. Accuracy of benthic indices for the nearshore Golf of Maine might be improved by taking biogeographical differences among subregions into account. These results provide a foundation for ecosystem-based management, valuation of ecosystem services, conservation, and ocean spatial planning. C1 US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Hale, SS (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM hale.stephen@epa.gov NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-30-1 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2012 VL 79 BP 167 EP 183 PG 17 WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BB5UJ UT WOS:000344125500013 ER PT J AU Basketter, DA Clewell, H Kimber, I Rossi, A Blaauboer, B Burrier, R Daneshian, M Eskes, C Goldberg, A Hasiwa, N Hoffmann, S Jaworska, J Knudsen, TB Landsiedel, R Leist, M Locke, P Maxwell, G McKim, J McVey, EA Ouedraogo, G Patlewicz, G Pelkonen, O Roggen, E Rovida, C Ruhdel, I Schwarz, M Schepky, A Schoeters, G Skinner, N Trentz, K Turner, M Vanparys, P Yager, J Zurlo, J Hartung, T AF Basketter, David A. Clewell, Harvey Kimber, Ian Rossi, Annamaria Blaauboer, Bas Burrier, Robert Daneshian, Mardas Eskes, Chantra Goldberg, Alan Hasiwa, Nina Hoffmann, Sebastian Jaworska, Joanna Knudsen, Thomas B. Landsiedel, Robert Leist, Marcel Locke, Paul Maxwell, Gavin McKim, James McVey, Emily A. Ouedraogo, Gladys Patlewicz, Grace Pelkonen, Olavi Roggen, Erwin Rovida, Costanza Ruhdel, Irmela Schwarz, Michael Schepky, Andreas Schoeters, Greet Skinner, Nigel Trentz, Kerstin Turner, Marian Vanparys, Philippe Yager, James Zurlo, Joanne Hartung, Thomas TI t(4) Report A Roadmap for the Development of Alternative (Non-Animal) Methods for Systemic Toxicity Testing SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE skin sensitization; allergic contact dermatitis; toxicokinetics; repeated dose testing; reproductive toxicity; carcinogenicity; predictive testing; alternative approaches; risk assessment AB Systemic toxicity testing forms the cornerstone for the safety evaluation of substances. Pressures to move from traditional animal models to novel technologies arise from various concerns, including: the need to evaluate large numbers of previously untested chemicals and new products (such as nanoparticles or cell therapies), the limited predictivity of traditional tests for human health effects, duration and costs of current approaches, and animal welfare considerations. The latter holds especially true in the context of the scheduled 2013 marketing ban on cosmetic ingredients tested for systemic toxicity. Based on a major analysis of the status of alternative methods (Adler et al., 2011) and its independent review (Hartung et al., 2011), the present report proposes a roadmap for how to overcome the acknowledged scientific gaps for the full replacement of systemic toxicity testing using animals. Five whitepapers were commissioned addressing toxicokinetics, skin sensitization, repeated-dose toxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity testing. An expert workshop of 35 participants from Europe and the US discussed and refined these whitepapers, which were subsequently compiled to form the present report. By prioritizing the many options to move the field forward, the expert group hopes to advance regulatory science. C1 [Basketter, David A.] DABMEB Consultancy, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Clewell, Harvey] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kimber, Ian] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Rossi, Annamaria; Daneshian, Mardas; Hasiwa, Nina; Leist, Marcel; Rovida, Costanza] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. [Blaauboer, Bas] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Div Toxicol, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Burrier, Robert] Stemina Biomarker Discovery, Madison, WI USA. [Eskes, Chantra] SeCAM, Agno, Switzerland. [Goldberg, Alan; Locke, Paul; Zurlo, Joanne] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hoffmann, Sebastian] Seh Consulting Serv, Cologne, Germany. [Jaworska, Joanna] Procter & Gamble Co, Brussels, Belgium. [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Landsiedel, Robert] BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Maxwell, Gavin] SEAC, Bedford, England. [McKim, James] CeeTox, Kalamazoo, MI USA. [McVey, Emily A.] NOTOX BV, Shertogenbosch, Netherlands. [Ouedraogo, Gladys] LOreal, Paris, France. [Patlewicz, Grace] DuPont Haskell Global Ctr Hlth & Environm Sci, Newark, DE USA. [Pelkonen, Olavi] Univ Oulu, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Oulu, Finland. [Ruhdel, Irmela] Anim Welf Acad German Anim Welf Federat, Munich, Germany. [Schwarz, Michael] Univ Tubingen, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany. [Schepky, Andreas] Beiersdorf, Hamburg, Germany. [Schoeters, Greet] Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Trentz, Kerstin] Bioservices, Planegg, Germany. [Vanparys, Philippe] ALTOXICON BVBA, Vosselaar, Belgium. [Yager, James] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Basketter, DA (reprint author), DABMEB Consultancy, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. RI Landsiedel, Robert/D-1960-2012; Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010 OI Landsiedel, Robert/0000-0003-3756-1904; Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693 NR 0 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2012 VL 29 IS 1 BP 5 EP 15 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 900AI UT WOS:000300858600002 PM 22307314 ER PT B AU Crane, DT Malott, AC AF Crane, Daniel T. Malott, Adele Cardenas BA Dodson, RF Hammar, SP BF Dodson, RF Hammar, SP TI Asbestos Regulations and Their Applications SO ASBESTOS: RISK ASSESSMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND HEALTH EFFECTS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Crane, Daniel T.] US Dept Labor, Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Sandy, UT 84070 USA. [Malott, Adele Cardenas] US EPA, Dallas, TX USA. RP Crane, DT (reprint author), US Dept Labor, Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Sandy, UT 84070 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-0971-6; 978-1-4398-0968-6 PY 2012 BP 617 EP 627 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA BE0UL UT WOS:000367051200016 ER PT J AU Madden, MC Bhavaraju, L Kodavanti, UP AF Madden, Michael C. Bhavaraju, Laya Kodavanti, Urmila P. BE Montero, G Stoytcheva, M TI Toxicology of Biodiesel Combustion Products SO BIODIESEL - QUALITY, EMISSIONS AND BY-PRODUCTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER; ENGINE EMISSIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; LUNG INFLAMMATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; VEGETABLE-OIL; IN-VIVO C1 [Madden, Michael C.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bhavaraju, Laya] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Madden, MC (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-784-0 PY 2012 BP 195 EP 214 PG 20 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BF9QO UT WOS:000385799400014 ER PT B AU Hatry, H AF Hatry, Harry BE LopezAcevedo, G Krause, P Mackay, K TI Key Steps to Design and Implement M&E for Individual Country Service Agencies SO BUILDING BETTER POLICIES: THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hatry, Harry] Urban Inst, Publ Management Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Hatry, Harry] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Hatry, H (reprint author), Urban Inst, Publ Management Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD BANK INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20433 USA BN 978-0-8213-9505-9; 978-0-8213-8777-1 PY 2012 BP 63 EP 74 D2 10.1596/978-0-8213-8777-1 PG 12 WC Planning & Development; Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BC6QU UT WOS:000354411300006 ER PT B AU Preston, RJ AF Preston, R. Julian BE Greim, H Albertini, RJ TI Mechanisms Responsible for the Chromosome and Gene Mutations Driving Carcinogenesis: Implications for Dose-Response Characteristics of Mutagenic Carcinogens SO CELLULAR RESPONSE TO THE GENOTOXIC INSULT: THE QUESTION OF THRESHOLD FOR GENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CANCER GENOMES; DNA; INSTABILITY; PROGRESSION; HALLMARKS C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Preston, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM preston.julian@epa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-177-5; 978-1-84973-292-5 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2012 IS 13 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1039/9781849732925-00023 D2 10.1039/9781849732925 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Toxicology GA BA0UF UT WOS:000332274400003 ER PT B AU Hood, RD Rogers, JM AF Hood, Ronald D. Rogers, John M. BE Hood, RD TI Maternally-mediated effects on development SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UTEROPLACENTAL BLOOD-FLOW; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; HIGH-FREQUENCY NOISE; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; UJE-WIST RATS; RESTRAINT-STRESS; PRENATAL STRESS; CD-1 MOUSE; CLEFT-PALATE; ACETAZOLAMIDE TERATOGENESIS C1 [Hood, Ronald D.] Ronald D Hood & Associates, Toxicol Consultants, Tuscaloosa, AL 35473 USA. [Hood, Ronald D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hood, RD (reprint author), Ronald D Hood & Associates, Toxicol Consultants, Tuscaloosa, AL 35473 USA. NR 164 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 60 EP 75 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500005 ER PT B AU Laws, SC Riffle, BW Stoker, TE Goldman, JM Wilson, V Gray, LE Cooper, RL AF Laws, Susan C. Riffle, Brandy W. Stoker, Tammy E. Goldman, Jerome M. Wilson, Vickie Gray, L. Earl, Jr. Cooper, Ralph L. BE Hood, RD TI The US EPA Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program: The Tier 1 Screening Battery SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAT UTEROTROPHIC BIOASSAY; ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA-CELLS; AROMATASE CYP19 ACTIVITY; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; THYROID HPT AXIS; IN-VITRO; OECD PROGRAM; SEXUAL-MATURATION; PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT; ESTROGEN-RECEPTORS C1 [Laws, Susan C.; Riffle, Brandy W.; Stoker, Tammy E.; Goldman, Jerome M.; Wilson, Vickie; Gray, L. Earl, Jr.; Cooper, Ralph L.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Riffle, Brandy W.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Laws, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 115 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 388 EP 408 PG 21 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500013 ER PT B AU Abbott, BD Rosen, MB Watkins, AM Wood, CR AF Abbott, Barbara D. Rosen, Mitchell B. Watkins, Andrew M. Wood, Carmen R. BE Hood, RD TI Approaches for evaluation of mode of action SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR; TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR; MURINE HOX-2 GENES; MOUSE EMBRYOGENESIS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MESSENGER-RNA; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; CARDIAC MORPHOGENESIS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; EXPRESSION PATTERNS C1 [Abbott, Barbara D.; Watkins, Andrew M.; Wood, Carmen R.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rosen, Mitchell B.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Abbott, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 429 EP 444 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500015 ER PT B AU Kleinstreuer, NC Knudsen, TB AF Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Knudsen, Thomas B. BE Hood, RD TI Predictive modeling and computational toxicology SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WHOLE-EMBRYO CULTURE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; TOXCAST PROGRAM; STEM-CELLS; VASCULOGENESIS; ZEBRAFISH; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; CHICK C1 [Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, NCCT, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kleinstreuer, NC (reprint author), US EPA, NCCT, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 578 EP 591 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500024 ER PT B AU Makris, SL AF Makris, Susan L. BE Hood, RD TI Developmental and reproductive toxicity risk assessment for environmental agents SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT; EXPOSURE-DURATION RELATIONSHIPS; ORGAN SYSTEM-DEVELOPMENT; DEVELOPING IMMUNE-SYSTEM; IEHR EVALUATIVE PROCESS; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ADVERSE EFFECT LEVELS; LEVEL LEAD TOXICITY; LOW-PROTEIN-DIET; UNCERTAINTY FACTORS C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 253 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 675 EP 707 PG 33 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500028 ER PT B AU Makris, SL Solomon, HM Clark, R Shiota, K Barbellion, S Buschmann, J Ema, M Fujiwara, M Grote, K Hazelden, KP Hew, KW Horimoto, M Ooshima, Y Parkinson, M Wise, LD AF Makris, Susan L. Solomon, Howard M. Clark, Ruth Shiota, Kohei Barbellion, Stephane Buschmann, Jochen Ema, Makoto Fujiwara, Michio Grote, Konstanze Hazelden, Keith P. Hew, Kok Wah Horimoto, Masao Ooshima, Yojiro Parkinson, Meg Wise, L. David BE Hood, RD TI Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (version 2) SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This update (Version 2) of the Terminology of Developmental Abnormalities in Common Laboratory Mammals (Version 1) by Wise et al., (1997) incorporates improvements and enhancements to both content and organization of the terminology, to enable greater flexibility in its application, while maintaining a consistent approach to the description of findings. The revisions are the result of an international collaboration among interested organizations, advised by individual experts and the outcomes of several workshops. The terminology remains organized into tables under the broad categories of external, visceral, and skeletal observations, following the manner in which data are typically collected and recorded in developmental toxicity studies. This arrangement of the tables, as well as other information provided in appendices, is intended to facilitate the process of specimen evaluation at the laboratory bench level. Only the commonly used laboratory mammals (i.e, rats, mice, rabbits) are addressed in the current terminology tables. The inclusion of other species that are used in developmental toxicity testing, such as primates, is considered outside the scope of the present update. Similarly, categorization of findings as, for example, "malformation" or "variation" remains unaddressed, in accordance with the overall principle that the focus of this document is descriptive terminology and not diagnosis/interpretation. Skeletal terms have been augmented to accommodate cartilage findings. C1 [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Solomon, Howard M.] GlaxoSmithKline, King Of Prussia, PA USA. [Clark, Ruth] Ruth Clark Associates Ltd, Scunthorpe, North Lincolnsh, England. [Shiota, Kohei] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. [Barbellion, Stephane] Sanofi Aventis R&D, Vitry Sur Seine, France. [Buschmann, Jochen] Fraunhofer Inst Toxicol & Expt Med, Hannover, Germany. [Ema, Makoto] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Fujiwara, Michio] Astellas Pharma Inc, Osaka, Japan. [Grote, Konstanze] Charite, Sch Med, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Hazelden, Keith P.] MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, England. [Hew, Kok Wah] Takeda Global Res & Dev Inc, Lake Forest, IL USA. [Horimoto, Masao] Chiba Inst Sci, Chiba, Japan. [Ooshima, Yojiro] Shin Nippon Biomed Labs Ltd, Kagoshima, Japan. [Parkinson, Meg] GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Herts, England. [Wise, L. David] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL ST, LONDON, EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84184-821-1; 978-1-84184-777-1 PY 2012 BP 736 EP 835 PG 100 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BC8IU UT WOS:000355700500031 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS Lyon, JG Huete, A AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. Lyon, John G. Huete, Alfredo BE Thenkabail, PS Lyon, JG Huete, A TI Advances in Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Croplands SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; CANOPY WATER-CONTENT; NARROW-BAND; BROAD-BAND; IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; REFLECTANCE DATA; HETEROGENEOUS GRASSLAND; PRECISION AGRICULTURE C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Lyon, John G.] US EPA, Las Vegas Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Huete, Alfredo] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 95 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0 PY 2012 BP 3 EP 35 PG 33 WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing GA BC7PO UT WOS:000355136500003 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS Lyon, JG Huete, A AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. Lyon, John G. Huete, Alfredo BE Thenkabail, PS Lyon, JG Huete, A TI Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops: Knowledge Gain and Knowledge Gap After 40 Years of Research SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Lyon, John G.] US EPA, Las Vegas Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Huete, Alfredo] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Huete, Alfredo] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0 PY 2012 BP 663 EP 688 PG 26 WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing GA BC7PO UT WOS:000355136500030 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Cowan-Ellsberry, C Embry, MR Hoke, RA Kidd, KA AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Cowan-Ellsberry, Christina Embry, Michelle R. Hoke, Robert A. Kidd, Karen A. TI Bioaccumulation data from laboratory and field studies: Are they comparable? SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Once they are released into the environment, a number of chemicals are known to bioaccumulate in organisms, sometimes to concentrations that may threaten the individual or their predators. However, use of physical or chemical properties or results from laboratory bioaccumulation tests to predict concentrations sometimes found in wild organisms remains a challenge. How well laboratory studies and field measurements agree or disagree, and the cause of any discrepancies, is a subject of great interest and discussion from both a scientific and a regulatory perspective. A workshop sponsored by the ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, US Environmental Protection Agency, and the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry assembled scientists from academia, industry, and government to compare and contrast laboratory and field bioaccumulation data. The results of this workshop are summarized in a series of 5 articles published in this issue of Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. The articles describe: 1) a weight-of-evidence approach that uses fugacity ratios to bring field measurements into the assessment of biomagnification potential for legacy chemicals; 2) a detailed comparison between laboratory and field data for the most commonly measured bioaccumulation endpoint, the biotasediment accumulation factor; 3) a study that identifies and quantifies the differences between laboratory and field metrics of bioaccumulation for aquatic and terrestrial organisms; and 4) 2 reports on trophic magnification factors: the 1st addresses how trophic magnification factors are determined and interpreted and the 2nd describes how they could be used in regulatory assessments. Collectively, these articles present the workshop participants' current understanding and assessment of bioaccumulation science and make a number of recommendations on how to improve the collection and interpretation of bioaccumulation data. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012;8:1316. (c) 2011 SETAC RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov OI Kidd, Karen/0000-0002-5619-1358 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1002/ieam.196 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 869LS UT WOS:000298600100006 PM 21538830 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Arnot, JA Embry, MR Farley, KJ Hoke, RA Kitano, M Leslie, HA Lotufo, GR Parkerton, TF Sappington, KG Tomy, GT Woodburn, KB AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Arnot, Jon A. Embry, Michelle R. Farley, Kevin J. Hoke, Robert A. Kitano, Masaru Leslie, Heather A. Lotufo, Guilherme R. Parkerton, Thomas F. Sappington, Keith G. Tomy, Gregg T. Woodburn, Kent B. TI Comparing laboratory and field measured bioaccumulation endpoints SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB An approach for comparing laboratory and field measures of bioaccumulation is presented to facilitate the interpretation of different sources of bioaccumulation data. Differences in numerical scales and units are eliminated by converting the data to dimensionless fugacity (or concentration-normalized) ratios. The approach expresses bioaccumulation metrics in terms of the equilibrium status of the chemical, with respect to a reference phase. When the fugacity ratios of the bioaccumulation metrics are plotted, the degree of variability within and across metrics is easily visualized for a given chemical because their numerical scales are the same for all endpoints. Fugacity ratios greater than 1 indicate an increase in chemical thermodynamic activity in organisms with respect to a reference phase (e.g., biomagnification). Fugacity ratios less than 1 indicate a decrease in chemical thermodynamic activity in organisms with respect to a reference phase (e.g., biodilution). This method provides a holistic, weight-of-evidence approach for assessing the biomagnification potential of individual chemicals because bioconcentration factors, bioaccumulation factors, biotasediment accumulation factors, biomagnification factors, biotasuspended solids accumulation factors, and trophic magnification factors can be included in the evaluation. The approach is illustrated using a total 2393 measured data points from 171 reports, for 15 nonionic organic chemicals that were selected based on data availability, a range of physicochemical partitioning properties, and biotransformation rates. Laboratory and field fugacity ratios derived from the various bioaccumulation metrics were generally consistent in categorizing substances with respect to either an increased or decreased thermodynamic status in biota, i.e., biomagnification or biodilution, respectively. The proposed comparative bioaccumulation endpoint assessment method could therefore be considered for decision making in a chemicals management context. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012;8:1731. (c) 2011 SETAC RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [2P42ES010344-06A2] NR 49 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 1 BP 17 EP 31 DI 10.1002/ieam.260 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 869LS UT WOS:000298600100007 PM 21793200 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Arnot, JA Embry, MR Farley, KJ Hoke, RA Kitano, M Leslie, HA Lotufo, GR Parkerton, TF Sappington, KG Tomy, GT Woodburn, KB AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Arnot, Jon A. Embry, Michelle R. Farley, Kevin J. Hoke, Robert A. Kitano, Masaru Leslie, Heather A. Lotufo, Guilherme R. Parkerton, Thomas F. Sappington, Keith G. Tomy, Gregg T. Woodburn, Kent B. TI Comparing laboratory- and field-measured biota-sediment accumulation factors SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Standardized laboratory protocols for measuring the accumulation of chemicals from sediments are used in assessing new and existing chemicals, evaluating navigational dredging materials, and establishing site-specific biotasediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) for contaminated sediment sites. The BSAFs resulting from the testing protocols provide insight into the behavior and risks associated with individual chemicals. In addition to laboratory measurement, BSAFs can also be calculated from field data, including samples from studies using in situ exposure chambers and caging studies. The objective of this report is to compare and evaluate paired laboratory and field measurement of BSAFs and to evaluate the extent of their agreement. The peer-reviewed literature was searched for studies that conducted laboratory and field measurements of chemical bioaccumulation using the same or taxonomically related organisms. In addition, numerous Superfund and contaminated sediment site study reports were examined for relevant data. A limited number of studies were identified with paired laboratory and field measurements of BSAFs. BSAF comparisons were made between field-collected oligochaetes and the laboratory test organism Lumbriculus variegatus and field-collected bivalves and the laboratory test organisms Macoma nasuta and Corbicula fluminea. Our analysis suggests that laboratory BSAFs for the oligochaete L. variegatus are typically within a factor of 2 of the BSAFs for field-collected oligochaetes. Bivalve study results also suggest that laboratory BSAFs can provide reasonable estimates of field BSAF values if certain precautions are taken, such as ensuring that steady-state values are compared and that extrapolation among bivalve species is conducted with caution. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012;8:3241. (c) 2011 SETAC RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [2P42ES010344-06A2] NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1002/ieam.218 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 869LS UT WOS:000298600100008 PM 21538837 ER PT B AU Fuller, IL Stankwitz, C AF Fuller, I. L. Pep Stankwitz, Clare BE Zuber, SL Newman, MC TI The Necessity of International Agreement SO MERCURY POLLUTION: A TRANSDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fuller, I. L. Pep] Rotterdam Convent Prior Informed Consent Banned &, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Fuller, I. L. Pep] Stockholm Convent Phase Out Use Persistent Organ, Stockholm, Sweden. [Fuller, I. L. Pep] US Marine Corps, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Fuller, I. L. Pep] Foreign Serv, New Delhi, India. [Fuller, I. L. Pep] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fuller, I. L. Pep] Execut Off President, US Trade Representat Off, Washington, DC USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-3388-9; 978-1-4398-3384-1 PY 2012 BP 211 EP 237 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC6TB UT WOS:000354472500013 ER PT J AU Vulimiri, SV Pachkowski, B Bale, AS Sonawane, B AF Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V. Pachkowski, Brian Bale, Ambuja S. Sonawane, Babasaheb BE Roessner, U TI Metabolomics Approach for Hazard Identification in Human Health Assessment of Environmental Chemicals SO METABOLOMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; RAT-LIVER; IN-VIVO; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; PATTERN-RECOGNITION C1 [Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V.; Bale, Ambuja S.; Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pachkowski, Brian] Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Washington, DC USA. RP Vulimiri, SV (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0046-1 PY 2012 BP 349 EP 364 D2 10.5772/1237 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BE9OS UT WOS:000377981900016 ER PT B AU Sahle-Demessie, E Zhao, A Salamon, AW Cassel, B Gagliardi, NA AF Sahle-Demessie, E. Zhao, Amy Salamon, Andrew W. Cassel, Bruce Gagliardi, Nicholas A. BE Laudon, M Romanowicz, B TI Characterizing Environmental Transformation of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nano-Fiber Composites using Thermal Analysis and Related Hyphenated Techniques SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 1: ADVANCED MATERIALS, CNTS, PARTICLES, FILMS AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012) CY JUN 18-21, 2012 CL Santa Clara, CA SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol AB Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (TGA/GCMS), for the evolved gas analysis, has given insight to the stability and kinetics of structural changes and determining adsorbed organics to nanomaterials and nanocomposites. TGA is also an effective technique to confirm dimensions and homogeneity of MWCNT including the presence of trace metal catalyst or other contaminants, and structural defects. The use of TGA/GC-MS brings insight to the affects of UV exposure on MWCNT and CNT-composites. Fast scanning differential scanning calorimetry (Hyper (R) DSC) was used to accurately determine the heat capacity and investigate the relationship of the rigid-amorphous fraction (RAF) in semicrystalline polymers of nanocomposite systems. These results were compared with other characterization techniques, electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and X-ray diffraction. With the increase in the commercialization of engineered nanomaterials and the future of nanotechnology rests upon innovative approaches to characterize and manufacture useful complex nanomaterial systems, and assess their use phase and endo-of-life environmental transformation. Unlike the mature analytical market for bulk and molecular matter, the current advance from discovery to application in nanotechnology is constrained due to the lack of quick, rapid, reliable and low cost analytical techniques. C1 [Sahle-Demessie, E.; Zhao, Amy] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Salamon, Andrew W.; Cassel, Bruce] PerkinElmer Inc, Shelton, CT 06484 USA. [Gagliardi, Nicholas A.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Sahle-Demessie, E (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6274-5 PY 2012 BP 117 EP 120 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BG7DX UT WOS:000391247800032 ER PT B AU Upadhyayula, VKK Meyer, DE Curran, MA Gonzalez, MA AF Upadhyayula, V. K. K. Meyer, D. E. Curran, M. A. Gonzalez, M. A. BE Laudon, M Romanowicz, B TI Screening Level Cradle to Grave Life Cycle Assessment of Conceptual 15 Inch Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-Field Emission Display(FED) Device SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL, ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012) CY JUN 18-21, 2012 CL Santa Clara, CA SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol DE Life cycle assessment; CNT-FED; CRT; LCD ID TOXICITY AB Commercialization of carbon nanotube field emission displays (CNT-FEDs) is highly encouraged because of their conceptually proven features that offer multiple benefits to consumers. However, considering they are nanomaterial-enabled (CNT) products, large-scale deployment of CNT-FEDs must be approached cautiously because of their potential to adversely impact human health. To better understand of the holistic human health and environmental impacts related to CNT-enabled products, life cycle assessment (LCA) can be used to evaluate the environmental performance of a CNT-FED. In this study, we report and discuss the results obtained from a screening level, cradle-to-grave LCA of a conceptual 15-inch CNT-FED which is assumed to be produced, used for its effective life and disposed of without recycling in the US. Results show the manufacturing stage dominates the life cycle impacts. However, the environmental performance of a CNT-FED is still much better than cathode ray tube (CRTs) and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). C1 [Upadhyayula, V. K. K.] ORISE, MC-100-44,POB 117,Oak Ridge 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Meyer, D. E.; Curran, M. A.; Gonzalez, M. A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Upadhyayula, VKK (reprint author), ORISE, MC-100-44,POB 117,Oak Ridge 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Upadhyayula.Venkata@epa.gov; Meyer.David@epa.gov; Curran.MaryAnn@epa.gov; Gonzalez.Michael@epa.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6276-9 PY 2012 BP 720 EP 723 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA BG7DZ UT WOS:000391249300189 ER PT S AU Lipscomb, JC Haddad, S Poet, T Krishnan, K AF Lipscomb, John C. Haddad, Sami Poet, Torka Krishnan, Kannan BE Balls, M Combes, RD Bhogal, N TI PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC (PBPK) MODELS IN TOXICITY TESTING AND RISK ASSESSMENT SO NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR TOXICITY TESTING SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BLOOD PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; IN-VITRO DATA; METABOLIC-RATE CONSTANTS; FREE-ENERGY ANALYSIS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; SPECIES-DIFFERENCES; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; PHARMACODYNAMIC MODEL AB Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling offers a scientifically-sound framework for integrating mechanistic data on absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination to predict the time-course of parent chemical, metabolite(s) or biomarkers in the exposed organism. A major advantage of PBPK models is their ability to forecast the impact of specific mechanistic processes and determinants on the tissue dose. In this regard, they facilitate integration of data obtained with in vitro and in silico methods, for making predictions of the tissue dosimetry in the whole animal, thus reducing and/or refining the use of animals in pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies. This chapter presents the principles and practice of PBPK modeling, as well as the application of these models in toxicity testing and health risk assessments. C1 [Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Haddad, Sami; Krishnan, Kannan] Univ Montreal, IRSDUM, Dept Sante Environm & Sante Travail, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Poet, Torka] Ctr Biol Monitoring & Modeling, Battelle Pacific Northwest Div, Richland, WA USA. RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lipscomb.john@epa.gov NR 128 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4614-3054-4; 978-1-4614-3055-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 745 BP 76 EP 95 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-3055-1 PG 20 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BA2TB UT WOS:000333851400007 PM 22437814 ER PT B AU Engel, VC Mitchell, C Boler, B Castro, J Pearlstine, L Shinde, D AF Engel, Victor C. Mitchell, Carol Boler, Bruce Castro, Joffre Pearlstine, Leonard Shinde, Dilip BA Ioris, AAR BF Ioris, AAR TI Managing the Everglades and Wetlands of North America SO TROPICAL WETLAND MANAGEMENT: THE SOUTH-AMERICAN PANTANAL AND THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE SE Ashgate Studies in Environmental Policy and Practice LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; BISCAYNE NATIONAL-PARKS; AQUATIC RISK-ASSESSMENT; SABLE SEASIDE-SPARROW; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; SLOUGH LANDSCAPE; WADING BIRDS; TREE ISLANDS; PATTERNED LANDSCAPE; WATER MANAGEMENT C1 [Engel, Victor C.; Boler, Bruce; Pearlstine, Leonard; Shinde, Dilip] Everglades Natl Pk, South Florida Nat Resources Ctr, Florence, SC USA. [Boler, Bruce] US EPA, New York, NY USA. [Pearlstine, Leonard] Everglades Natl Pk, Florence, SC USA. NR 110 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4094-1879-5; 978-1-4094-1878-8 J9 ASH STUD ENV POL PR PY 2012 BP 275 EP 314 PG 40 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BD8DF UT WOS:000363841400012 ER PT B AU MacPhail, RC Hunter, DL Irons, TD Padilla, S AF MacPhail, Robert C. Hunter, Deborah L. Irons, Terra D. Padilla, Stephanie BE McGrath, P TI Locomotion and Behavioral Toxicity in Larval Zebrafish: Background, Methods, and Data SO ZEBRAFISH: METHODS FOR ASSESSING DRUG SAFETY AND TOXICITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MODEL VERTEBRATE; DRUG DISCOVERY; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; VALPROIC ACID; HUMAN-DISEASE; RATS; SYSTEM; AMPHETAMINE; ASSESSMENTS; MECHANISMS C1 [MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hunter, Deborah L.; Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Irons, Terra D.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP MacPhail, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-10216-9; 978-0-470-42513-8 PY 2012 BP 151 EP 164 PG 14 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences; Virology SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences; Virology GA BA6HP UT WOS:000337144400013 ER PT J AU Pruell, RJ Taplin, BK Karr, JD AF Pruell, Richard J. Taplin, Bryan K. Karr, Jonathan D. TI Spatial and temporal trends in stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of juvenile winter flounder otoliths SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Stable isotopes; Fish; Otoliths; Pseudopleuronectes americanus; Habitats; Northwestern Atlantic ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; MARINE NURSERIES; FISH OTOLITHS; ATLANTIC COD; BAY; ESTUARINE; VARIABILITY; DELTA-O-18; DELTA-C-13 AB Isotopic ratios of fish otoliths have been used in numerous studies as natural tags or markers to aid in the study of connectivity among fish populations. We investigated the use of spatial and temporal changes in the stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of otoliths to differentiate juvenile habitats of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Young-of-the-year (YOY) juvenile winter flounder were collected annually over a three-year period from 18 stations along the coast of Rhode Island, USA. Sagittal otoliths were removed from fish and analyzed for stable carbon (C-13/C-12 or delta C-13) and oxygen (O-18/O-16 or delta O-18) isotope ratios using continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Differences in isotope ratios were observed among stations and along salinity gradients in the Narragansett Bay estuary and an estuarine river system (Narrow River). Overall, the isotope ratio patterns observed among stations were consistent over the three sampling years; however, differences were noted in isotope ratios and the magnitude of the isotope ratio gradients among years. Significant positive correlations were noted between salinity and delta C-13 for two of the three years. For each of the three years sampled there was a highly significant positive correlation (2002, r = 0.93, P < 0.01; 2003, r = 0.85, P < 0.01; 2004, r = 0.97, P < 0.01) between delta O-18 and the salinity of the collection site. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of months of above average river flow and delta O-18 for the three sampling years (r = 0.99, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that yearly changes in the volume of freshwater inputs to these estuarine habitats may be related to the differences observed in otolith delta O-18 isotope ratios. Because of these year-to-year differences, sampling of each cohort may be necessary in order to use this isotopic technique for winter flounder connectivity studies. C1 [Pruell, Richard J.; Taplin, Bryan K.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Karr, Jonathan D.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Pruell, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM pruell.richard@epa.gov FU US EPA FX We would like to thank Jennifer Yordy for assistance with the field collection of juvenile winter flounder, James Heltshe for the statistical analyses and Patricia DeCastro and Doug McGovern for help with the graphics. Sample collections were conducted under permit from the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management. The research for this article was supported by the US EPA, but has not been subject to agency review, and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. This is contribution number AED-10-004 of the Atlantic Ecology Division of the National Health and Ecological Effects Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD JAN PY 2012 VL 93 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1007/s10641-011-9890-3 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 857OT UT WOS:000297728800007 ER PT J AU Pond, GJ AF Pond, Gregory J. TI Biodiversity loss in Appalachian headwater streams (Kentucky, USA): Plecoptera and Trichoptera communities SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Benthic macroinvertebrates; Bioassessment; EPT; Coal mining; Residential development; Conductivity ID ADULT AQUATIC INSECTS; LONG-TERM RECOVERY; STONEFLIES PLECOPTERA; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; MOUNTAIN STREAM; URBAN LANDSCAPE; RIVER-BASIN; GENUS-LEVEL; FRESH-WATER AB Government and academic studies indicate that many streams in the Appalachian Mountains have degraded biological communities stemming from a variety of regional landuses. Headwater stonefly (Plecoptera) and caddisfly (Trichoptera) assemblages were assessed between 1999 and 2004 in relation to pervasive landuse disturbances (coal mining and residential) in mountainous areas of eastern Kentucky, USA. Indicator metrics (richness, abundance, tolerance, and an observed/expected (O/E) null model) were compared among 94 sites with different land use pressures including least disturbed reference, residential, mining, and mixed mining and residential categories. Thirty-three stonefly species from 26 genera and 9 families were identified; Leuctra, Acroneuria, Haploperla, and Isoperla comprised the core genera that commonly decreased with disturbance. Caddisflies were represented by 48 species, 32 genera, and 14 families. Core caddisfly genera (Neophylax, Pycnopsyche, Rhyacophila, Lepidostoma, and Wormaldia) were extirpated from most disturbed sites. Species richness was significantly higher at reference sites and reference site mean tolerance value was lowest compared to all other categories; relative abundance of both orders was variable between disturbance groups. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (for riffle-dwelling stonefly and caddisfly genera) clustered reference sites distinctly from most other sites. The O/E index was highly correlated with individual habitat and chemical stressors (pH, conductivity) and on average, it estimated similar to 70% loss of common stoneflies and caddisflies across all disturbed landuse categories. Expected plecopteran and trichopteran communities were radically altered in streams draining mining and residential disturbance. Long-term impacts incurred by both landuses will continue to depress these vulnerable indigenous fauna. C1 US EPA, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. RP Pond, GJ (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 3,1060 Chapline St, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. EM pond.greg@epa.gov NR 82 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 10 U2 64 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JAN PY 2012 VL 679 IS 1 BP 97 EP 117 DI 10.1007/s10750-011-0858-2 PG 21 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 856EL UT WOS:000297620100008 ER PT J AU Black, RR Meyer, CP Touati, A Gullett, BK Fiedler, H Mueller, JF AF Black, R. R. Meyer, C. P. (Mick) Touati, A. Gullett, B. K. Fiedler, H. Mueller, J. F. TI Emission factors for PCDD/PCDF and dl-PCB from open burning of biomass SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Persistent organic pollutants; Sugarcane burning; Forest fires; Biomass burning ID FOREST-FIRE; SIMULATIONS; SUGARCANE; AUSTRALIA; PCDD AB The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants includes in its aims the minimisation of unintentional releases of polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) and dioxin like PCB (dl-PCB) to the environment Development and implementation of policies to achieve this aim require accurate national inventories of releases of PCDD/PCDF/dl-PCB. To support this objective, the Conference of Parties established a process to review and update the UNEP Standardized Toolkit for Identification and Quantification of Dioxin and Furan Releases. An assessment of all emission inventories was that for many countries open burning of biomass and waste was identified as the major source of PCDD/PCDF releases. However, the experimental data underpinning the release estimates used were limited in number and, consequently, confidence in the accuracy of the emissions predictions was low. There has been significant progress in measurement technology since the last edition of the Toolkit in 2005. In this paper we reassess published emission factors for release of PCDD/PCDF and dl-PCB to land and air. In total, four types of biomass and 111 emission factors were assessed. It was found that there are no systematic differences in emission factors apparent between biomass types or fire classes. The data set is best described by a lognormal distribution. The geometric mean emission factors (EFs) for releases of PCDD/PCDF to air for the four biomass classes used in the Toolkit (sugarcane, cereal crops, forest and savannah/grass) are 1.6 mu g TEQ(t fuel)(-1), 0.49 mu g TEQ(t fuel)(-1), 1.0 mu g TEQ(t fuel)(-1) and 0.4 mu g TEQ(t fuel)(-1), respectively. Corresponding EFs for release of PCDD/PCDF to land are 3.0 ng TEQ (kg ash)(-1), 1.1 ng TEQ (kg ash)(-1), 1.1 ng TEQ (kg ash)(-1) and 0.67 ng TEQ (kg ash)(-1). There are now also sufficient published data available to evaluate EFs for dl-PCB release to air for sugarcane, forest and grass/savannah; these are 0.03 mu g TEQ (t fuel)(-1), 0.09 mu g TEQ (t fuel)(-1) and 0.01 mu g TEQ (t fuel)(-1), respectively. The average EF for dl-PCB release to land is 0.19 ng TEQ (kg ash)(-1). Application of these EFs to national emissions of PCDD/PCDF for global estimates from open burning will lower previous estimates of PCDD/PCDF releases to air and to land by 85% and 90%, respectively. For some countries, the ranking of their major sources will be changed and open burning of biomass will become less significant than previously concluded. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Meyer, C. P. (Mick)] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia. [Black, R. R.; Mueller, J. F.] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. [Touati, A.] ARCADIS Geraghty, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Touati, A.] Miller Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gullett, B. K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fiedler, H.] UNEP Chem Branch, CH-1219 Chatelaine, GE, Switzerland. RP Meyer, CP (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, PMB 1, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia. EM Carl.Meyer@csiro.au RI Meyer, Carl/H-2311-2011; Mueller, Jochen/C-6241-2008; Fiedler, Heidelore/P-6115-2015; OI Meyer, Carl/0000-0002-8062-3712; Fiedler, Heidelore/0000-0003-1496-9245; Mueller, Jochen/0000-0002-0000-1973 FU United Nations Environment Programme; Secretariat of the Stockholm Convention; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; CSIRO; University of Queensland; UNEP/Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, Chemicals Branch; Australian Research Council [DP0557638] FX The project was funded by the United Nations Environment Programme, Secretariat of the Stockholm Convention, with contributions by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, CSIRO, the University of Queensland, and UNEP/Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, Chemicals Branch. The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology is cofunded by Queensland Health and the University of Queensland. The scholarship of Robert Black was funded through Australian Research Council project DP0557638. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 1 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2011.07.003 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 850ZW UT WOS:000297239100008 PM 21982034 ER PT J AU Khan, B Hays, MD Geron, C Jetter, J AF Khan, Bernine Hays, Michael D. Geron, Chris Jetter, James TI Differences in the OC/EC Ratios that Characterize Ambient and Source Aerosols due to Thermal-Optical Analysis SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; ORGANIC-CARBON; DIESEL EXHAUST; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; REFLECTANCE; SAMPLER AB Different thermal-optical methods used to measure OC/EC and EC/TC ratios in atmospheric aerosols often produce significantly different results due to variations within the temperature programming and optical techniques of each method. To quantify the thermal and optical effects on these ratios, various source (residential cookstoves and diesel exhaust) and atmospheric (rural and urban) aerosols were analyzed using 3 thermal protocols: (1) two modified versions of the Birch and Cary (1996, Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 25:221-241) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH 5040) protocol-designated in this paper as NIOSH and NIST-EPA protocols, and (2) the IMPROVE (the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) protocol outlined by Chow et al. 1993 (The DRI Thermal/Optical Reflectance Carbon Analysis System: Description, Evaluation, and Applications in U.S. Air Quality Studies. Atmos. Environ., 27:1185-1201)-designated in this paper as IMPROVE protocol. The use of a dual-optical instrument permitted simultaneous monitoring of the transmission (TOT [thermal-optical transmission]) and reflectance (TOR [thermal-optical reflectance]) for each protocol. Results show that the aerosols containing components susceptible to charring (such as water-soluble organic compounds typical of cookstove and rural aerosols) had higher OC/EC variability among the methods when compared with diesel-impacted aerosols (diesel and urban), which showed little to no "instrumentally calculated" pyrolyzed carbon (PyC). Thermal effects on the OC/EC ratios among the 3 TOT methods were significantly lower for diesel-impacted aerosols. Similar OC/EC findings were observed for the 3 TOR methods. Optical effects (TOT/TOR ratio) for the OC/EC ratio ranged from 1.37-1.71 (residential cookstoves), 1.63-2.23 (rural), 1.05-1.24 (diesel exhaust), and 0.80-1.12 (urban) for the 3 methods, with IMPROVE (TOT and TOR) always significantly lower when compared with NIST-EPA (TOT and TOR) and NIOSH (TOT and TOR) for all sample types. Thermal and optical effects on the EC/TC ratios were similar to those observed for the OC/EC ratios. Due to their distinct aerosol characteristics, different sample types behave differently under various thermal and optical conditions. Hence, use of a single TOA method to define OC/EC ratios for all aerosol types may not be feasible. C1 [Khan, Bernine; Hays, Michael D.; Geron, Chris; Jetter, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 46 IS 2 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.609194 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 848PZ UT WOS:000297065900001 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, RS Braham, WW Campbell, DE Curcija, CD AF Srinivasan, Ravi S. Braham, William W. Campbell, Daniel E. Curcija, Charlie D. TI Re(De)fining Net Zero Energy: Renewable Emergy Balance in environmental building design SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Net Zero Energy; Emergy analysis; Renewable Substitutability; Renewable Emergy Balance; Environmental building design AB The notion that raw materials for building construction are plentiful and can be extracted "at will" from Earth's geobiosphere, and that these materials do not undergo any degradation or related deterioration in performance while in use is alarming and entirely inaccurate. For these reasons, a particular building, like an organism or an ecosystem, must seek self-sustenance for that design to prevail in competition with other building designs in a time with limited availability of energy and materials. To this extent, Net Zero Energy (NZE) buildings achieve a net annual energy balance in their operations. However, approaching an NZE building goal based on current definitions is flawed for two principal reasons (1) NZE only deals with the energy required for operations and related emissions (2) it does not establish a threshold which ensures that buildings are optimized for reduced consumption before renewable systems are integrated to obtain an energy balance. This paper develops a method to maximize renewable resource use through emergy (spelled with an "m") analysis to close the gap between current approaches to environmental building design and the over-arching goal of creating buildings that contribute to a sustainable relationship between human activities and the geobiosphere. This paper proposes using a "Renewable Emergy Balance" (REB) in environmental building design as a tool to maximize renewable resource use through disinvestment of all non-renewable resources that may be substituted with renewable resources. REB buildings attain a high standing by optimizing building construction over their entire life-span from formation-extraction-manufacturing to maintenance and operation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Srinivasan, Ravi S.] Univ Florida, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Coll Design Construct & Planning, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Srinivasan, Ravi S.; Braham, William W.] Univ Penn, Sch Design, Dept Architecture, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Curcija, Charlie D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Windows & Daylighting Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Srinivasan, RS (reprint author), Univ Florida, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Coll Design Construct & Planning, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sravi@ufl.edu RI Srinivasan, Ravi/F-1202-2014 OI Srinivasan, Ravi/0000-0002-0461-5729 NR 26 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 BP 300 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.010 PG 16 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 830MW UT WOS:000295662100031 ER PT J AU Fisk, WJ Black, D Brunner, G AF Fisk, William J. Black, Douglas Brunner, Gregory TI Changing ventilation rates in US offices: Implications for health, work performance, energy, and associated economics SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cost-benefit analysis; Economizer; Health; Office; Ventilation rate; Work performance ID INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; CO2 CONCENTRATIONS; SYMPTOMS AB This paper provides quantitative estimates of benefits and costs of providing different amounts of outdoor air ventilation in U.S. offices. For four scenarios that modify ventilation rates, we estimated changes in sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms, work performance, short-term absence, and building energy consumption. The estimated annual economic benefits were $13 billion from increasing minimum ventilation rates (VRs) from 8 to 10 Lis per person, $38 billion from increasing minimum VRs from 8 to 15 L/s per person, and $33 billion from increasing VRs by adding outdoor air economizers for the 50% of the office floor area that currently lacks economizers. The estimated $0.04 billion in annual energy-related benefits of decreasing minimum VRs from 8 to 6.5 L/s per person are very small compared to the projected annual costs of $12 billion. Benefits of increasing minimum VRs far exceeded energy costs while adding economizers yielded health, performance, and absence benefits with energy savings. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fisk, William J.; Black, Douglas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brunner, Gregory] US EPA, Indoor Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Fisk, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wjfisk@lbl.gov FU Indoor Environments Division, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW-89-92224401]; U. S. Department of Energy [DW-89-92224401, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This study was funded through interagency agreement DW-89-92224401 between the Indoor Environments Division, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, to develop an IAQ Scientific Findings Resource Bank (see www.iaqscience.lbl.gov). Conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U.S. EPA. The authors thank Spencer Dutton and Rengie Chan for reviewing a draft of a document on which this paper was based, Woody Delp for analyses of economizer installation in the existing building stock, and Michael Spears for checking calculations. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.001 PG 5 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 830MW UT WOS:000295662100038 ER PT J AU Chang, C Wang, JW Zhao, C Fostel, J Tong, WD Bushel, PR Deng, YP Pusztai, L Symmans, WF Shi, TL AF Chang, Chang Wang, Junwei Zhao, Chen Fostel, Jennifer Tong, Weida Bushel, Pierre R. Deng, Youping Pusztai, Lajos Symmans, W. Fraser Shi, Tieliu TI Maximizing biomarker discovery by minimizing gene signatures SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; PRIMARY BREAST-CANCER; EXPRESSION PROFILES; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; ESTROGEN; CLASSIFICATION; CHEMOTHERAPY; PREDICTION; ALPHA; SENSITIVITY AB Background: The use of gene signatures can potentially be of considerable value in the field of clinical diagnosis. However, gene signatures defined with different methods can be quite various even when applied the same disease and the same endpoint. Previous studies have shown that the correct selection of subsets of genes from microarray data is key for the accurate classification of disease phenotypes, and a number of methods have been proposed for the purpose. However, these methods refine the subsets by only considering each single feature, and they do not confirm the association between the genes identified in each gene signature and the phenotype of the disease. We proposed an innovative new method termed Minimize Feature's Size (MFS) based on multiple level similarity analyses and association between the genes and disease for breast cancer endpoints by comparing classifier models generated from the second phase of MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC-II), trying to develop effective meta-analysis strategies to transform the MAQC-II signatures into a robust and reliable set of biomarker for clinical applications. Results: We analyzed the similarity of the multiple gene signatures in an endpoint and between the two endpoints of breast cancer at probe and gene levels, the results indicate that disease-related genes can be preferably selected as the components of gene signature, and that the gene signatures for the two endpoints could be interchangeable. The minimized signatures were built at probe level by using MFS for each endpoint. By applying the approach, we generated a much smaller set of gene signature with the similar predictive power compared with those gene signatures from MAQC-II. Conclusions: Our results indicate that gene signatures of both large and small sizes could perform equally well in clinical applications. Besides, consistency and biological significances can be detected among different gene signatures, reflecting the studying endpoints. New classifiers built with MFS exhibit improved performance with both internal and external validation, suggesting that MFS method generally reduces redundancies for features within gene signatures and improves the performance of the model. Consequently, our strategy will be beneficial for the microarray-based clinical applications. C1 [Chang, Chang; Wang, Junwei; Zhao, Chen; Shi, Tieliu] E China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Bioinformat, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Chang, Chang; Wang, Junwei; Zhao, Chen; Shi, Tieliu] E China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Biomed Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Fostel, Jennifer] NIEHS, SRA Global Hlth Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tong, Weida] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Bushel, Pierre R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Deng, Youping] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ctr Canc, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Pusztai, Lajos; Symmans, W. Fraser] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Breast Med Oncol, Houston, TX 77230 USA. [Pusztai, Lajos; Symmans, W. Fraser] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77230 USA. RP Shi, TL (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Bioinformat, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. EM tlshi@sibs.ac.cn FU State Key Program of Basic Research of China [2010CB945401, 2007CB108800]; National High Technology Research, Development Program of China (863 project) [2006AA02Z313]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870575]; Research Platform of Cell Signaling Networks from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [11DZ2260300]; NIH; NIEHS; Division of Intramural Research of the NIEHS [HHSN273200700046U] FX We are grateful to the MAQC Consortium to provide the datasets. This research was supported by the State Key Program of Basic Research of China grants (2010CB945401 and 2007CB108800), the National High Technology Research, Development Program of China (863 project) (Grant No. 2006AA02Z313), National Natural Science Foundation of China grants (30870575) and Research Platform of Cell Signaling Networks from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (11DZ2260300). This research was also supported, in part by, the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS. JF was supported by the Division of Intramural Research of the NIEHS under contract HHSN273200700046U. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 23 PY 2011 VL 12 SU 5 AR S6 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-S5-S6 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 940WB UT WOS:000303922700007 PM 22369133 ER PT J AU Wilcox, AJ Baird, DD AF Wilcox, Allen J. Baird, Donna D. TI Invited Commentary: Natural Versus Unnatural Sex Ratios-A Quandary of Modern Times SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE abortion; sex ratio ID HUMANS; COHORT; CUBA AB The typical dilemma with sex-ratio findings is that when they are real, they aren't interesting, and when they are interesting, they aren't real. In this issue of the Journal, Fernandez et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2011;174(12):1327-1331) describe a deviation of the sex ratio that is apparently both large and real. There was a temporary but distinct spike in the proportion of boys born in Cuba around the time of the collapse of the national economy during the 1990s. Although an excess of boys does not fit the prevailing biologic theory regarding maternal stress and the sex ratio, the data are consistent with results from the Dutch famine (where population-level deprivation was even more extreme). A new quandary arises in the modern era with interpretation of the sex ratio: If the decision to abort a pregnancy is influenced by the sex of the fetus, a change in the behavior of even a small proportion of women could influence the sex ratio at birth. The possible role of sex selection in the Cuban context is discussed. C1 [Wilcox, Allen J.; Baird, Donna D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Wilcox, AJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, MD A3-05,POB 12233, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM wilcox@niehs.nih.gov RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017; OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653; Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 12 BP 1332 EP 1334 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr360 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 863TL UT WOS:000298190800002 PM 22038103 ER PT J AU Bayram, H Ghio, AJ AF Bayram, Hasan Ghio, Andrew J. TI Killer Jeans and Silicosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CRYSTALLINE SILICA; DENIM SANDBLASTERS; EXPOSURE C1 [Bayram, Hasan] Gaziantep Univ, Sch Med, Gaziantep, Turkey. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Bayram, H (reprint author), Gaziantep Univ, Sch Med, Gaziantep, Turkey. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 184 IS 12 BP 1322 EP 1324 DI 10.1164/rccm.201108-1440ED PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 863AF UT WOS:000298134500003 PM 22174107 ER PT J AU Fann, NL Phillips, SB Jang, C Akhtar, FH AF Fann, Neal L. Phillips, Sharon B. Jang, Carey Akhtar, Farhan H. TI Comment on "Do Some NOx Emissions Have Negative Environmental Damages? Evidence and Implications for Policy" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PARTICULATE MATTER C1 [Fann, Neal L.; Phillips, Sharon B.; Jang, Carey] US EPA, Air Qual Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Akhtar, Farhan H.] US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fann, NL (reprint author), US EPA, Air Qual Anal Div, Mail Drop C539-07,109 TW Alexander Dr Durham, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Fann.neal@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10290 EP 10290 DI 10.1021/es203710m PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300002 PM 22077879 ER PT J AU Schrlau, JE Geiser, L Hageman, KJ Landers, DH Simonich, SM AF Schrlau, Jill E. Geiser, Linda Hageman, Kimberly J. Landers, Dixon H. Simonich, Staci Massey TI Comparison of Lichen, Conifer Needles, Passive Air Sampling Devices, and Snowpack as Passive Sampling Media to Measure Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in Remote Atmospheres SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; US NATIONAL-PARKS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; POLLUTANTS; SAMPLERS; DEPOSITION; ACCUMULATION AB A wide range of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs), including pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were measured in lichen, conifer needles, snowpack and XAD-based passive air sampling devices (PASDs) collected from 19 different U.S. national parks in order to compare the magnitude and mechanism of SOC accumulation in the different passive sampling media. Lichen accumulated the highest SOC concentrations, in part because of its long (and unknown) exposure period, whereas PASDs accumulated the lowest concentrations. However, only the PASD SOC concentrations can be used to calculate an average atmospheric gas-phase SOC concentration because the sampling rates are known and the media is uniform. Only the lichen and snowpack SOC accumulation profiles were statistically significantly correlated (r = 0.552, p-value <0.0001) because they both accumulate SOCs present in the atmospheric particle-phase. This suggests that needles and PASDs represent a different composition of the atmosphere than lichen and snowpack and that the interpretation of atmospheric SOC composition is dependent on the type of passive sampling media used. All four passive sampling media preferentially accumulated SOCs with relatively low air-water partition coefficients, while snowpack accumulated SOCs with higher log K(OA) values compared to the other media. Lichen accumulated more SOCs with log K(OA) > 10 relative to needles and showed a greater accumulation of particle-phase PAHs. C1 [Schrlau, Jill E.; Simonich, Staci Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Geiser, Linda] USDA, Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hageman, Kimberly J.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand. [Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Simonich, Staci Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Simonich, SM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM staci.simonich@orst.edu OI Hageman, Kimberly/0000-0001-9187-5256 FU Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP).45; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NMHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P30 ES00210, P42 ES016465]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Department of the Interior FX This work is part of the Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP).45 This publication was made possible in part by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NMHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), grants P30 ES00210 and P42 ES016465. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NIEHS, NIH. This work was partially funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of the Interior. It has been subjected to review by these government entities and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the content reflects the views of the U.S. Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation. We thank Greg Brenner for statistical advice, Eric Lynch, Kristina Cobarrubias and Bethany Lund for processing the vegetation samples, and Rebecca McElroy and Jessica Murray for processing the snow samples. NR 45 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10354 EP 10361 DI 10.1021/es202418f PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300015 PM 22087860 ER PT J AU Henry, RC Vette, A Norris, G Vedantham, R Kimbrough, S Shores, RC AF Henry, Ronald C. Vette, Alan Norris, Gary Vedantham, Ram Kimbrough, Sue Shores, Richard C. TI Separating the Air Quality Impact of a Major Highway and Nearby Sources by Nonparametric Trajectory Analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 3 TEXAS ROADWAYS; POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS AB Nonparametric Trajectory Analysis (NTA), a receptor-oriented model, was used to assess the impact of local sources of air pollution at monitoring sites located adjacent to highway I-15 in Las Vegas, NV. Measurements of black carbon, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide concentrations were collected from December 2008 to December 2009. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the highway at three downwind monitoring stations using an upwind station to measure background concentrations. NTA was used to precisely determine the contribution of the highway to the average concentrations measured at the monitoring stations accounting for the spatially heterogeneous contributions of other local urban sources. NTA uses short time average concentrations, 5 mm in this case, and constructed local back-trajectories from similarly short time average wind speed and direction to locate and quantify contributions from local source regions. Averaged over an entire year, the decrease of concentrations with distance from the highway was found to be consistent with previous studies. For this study, the NTA model is shown to be a reliable approach to quantify the impact of the highway on local air quality in an urban area with other local sources. C1 [Henry, Ronald C.] Univ So Calif, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Vette, Alan] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Norris, Gary; Vedantham, Ram] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kimbrough, Sue; Shores, Richard C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Henry, RC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 3620 S Vermont Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM rhenry@usc.edu RI Vette, Alan/A-7330-2012; Henry, Ronald/B-2497-2012; OI Vette, Alan/0000-0001-6749-1252; Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10471 EP 10476 DI 10.1021/es202070k PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300030 PM 22044064 ER PT J AU Dindal, A Thompson, E Strozier, E Billets, S AF Dindal, Amy Thompson, Elizabeth Strozier, Erich Billets, Stephen TI Application of GC-HRMS and GC x GC-TOFMS To Aid in the Understanding of a Dioxin Assay's Performance for Soil and Sediment Samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CALUX BIOASSAY; FEED; FOOD; PCBS AB There have been numerous attempts to correlate results obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to alternative techniques such as immunoassays and bioassays for the analysis of dioxins in environmental samples. In spite of these efforts, uncertainties about the performance of these methods remain. Following a series of performance studies of various dioxin assays, an in-depth evaluation of sample extracts from the Procept Rapid Dioxin Assay was conducted to provide users with a clearer understanding of the differences in the assay's results compared to traditional mass spectrometry. Two powerful analytical techniques [high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOFMS)] were used to provide a unique perspective about the assay's underlying analytical performance. HRMS analyses demonstrated that the target dioxin and furans were consistently captured in the assay's extracts. TOFMS analyses revealed that interferents in the sample extracts resulting from inconsistencies in the sample preparation process appear to be the primary factor contributing to the assay's imprecision. The conclusion of this research was the assay results cannot be expected to correlate directly with HRMS and should only be utilized as a screening technique (e.g., to identify the relative ranking of contamination, to determine if samples are above/below threshold levels, or to monitor a cleanup) for environmental matrices such as soil and sediment. C1 [Billets, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Dindal, Amy; Thompson, Elizabeth; Strozier, Erich] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Billets, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM billets.stephen@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development [EP-C-05-057] FX The U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here under Contract No. EP-C-05-057 to Battelle. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors acknowledge the participation of Eichrom Technologies and in particular the support from Daniel McAlister and Larry Jassin. Mary Schrock of Battelle provided helpful review comments during the preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10501 EP 10508 DI 10.1021/es202149k PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300034 PM 22017271 ER PT J AU Quinlan, EL Nietch, CT Blocksom, K Lazorchak, JM Batt, AL Griffiths, R Klemm, DJ AF Quinlan, Erin L. Nietch, Christopher T. Blocksom, Karen Lazorchak, James M. Batt, Angela L. Griffiths, Richard Klemm, Donald J. TI Temporal Dynamics of Periphyton Exposed to Tetracycline in Stream Mesocosms SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENES; NUTRIENT GRADIENT; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; LIQUID MANURE; WATER; ENVIRONMENT; BIOFILMS; BACTERIA; CHLORTETRACYCLINE; PHARMACEUTICALS AB Significant amounts of antibiotics enter the environment via point and nonpoint sources. We examined the temporal dynamics of tetracycline exposure to stream periphyton and associated organisms across a logarithmically dosed-series of experimental mesocosms, designed to mimic natural conditions. Target in-stream tetracycline exposures were based on environmentally relevant concentrations in aquatic ecosystems throughout the United States (<1-100 mu g L(-1)). Significant changes in the stream biotic community were observed within 7 days with in-stream tetracycline concentrations as low as 0.5 mu g L(-1), including significant changes in antibiotic resistance, bacteria abundance and productivity, algae biomass, cyanobacteria, organic biomass, and nematodes. These effects were magnified with increased exposure time and dosing concentration. Recovery of the periphyton community after 28 days of exposure was dependent upon the tetracycline dose. At the highest doses, 10 and 100 mu g L(-1), bacteria productivity recovered; however, bacteria, algae, and nematode abundance did not recover at the same rate and remained low even after a 28-day recovery period (of nondosing). This study demonstrates that tetracycline exposure under near-natural conditions and at concentrations currently observed in aquatic environments may have important consequences for the structure and function of stream periphyton and, potentially, public health via increasing resistance of naturally occurring bacteria. C1 [Quinlan, Erin L.; Blocksom, Karen; Lazorchak, James M.; Batt, Angela L.; Klemm, Donald J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Nietch, Christopher T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Griffiths, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), USEPA Facil, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mail Code 642, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We acknowledge the following for their support: Balaji Ramakrishnan, Jackie Tompkins, Don Brown, Adam Lehmann, Stacy Pfaller, Herman Haring, Rajib Sinha, Mike Elovitz, Brian Hill, Colleen Elonen, Leo Fichter, Joel Allen, Paul Wernsing, Kimberly Thiesen, Susanna DeCelles, and William Thoeny. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10684 EP 10690 DI 10.1021/es202004k PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300058 PM 22050031 ER PT J AU Stehman, SV Wickham, JD AF Stehman, Stephen V. Wickham, James D. TI Pixels, blocks of pixels, and polygons: Choosing a spatial unit for thematic accuracy assessment SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Response design; Stratified sampling; Cluster sampling; Land cover; Location error ID MAP ACCURACY; LAND-COVER; SAMPLING DESIGNS; PERFORMANCE; COEFFICIENT; PERSPECTIVE; MATRIX; STATES AB Pixels, blocks of pixels, and polygons are all potentially viable spatial assessment units for conducting an accuracy assessment. We develop a population-based statistical framework to examine how the spatial unit chosen affects the outcome of an accuracy assessment. The population is conceptualized as a difference map created by overlaying a complete coverage reference classification and the target map being evaluated. The per-class areas of agreement and disagreement derived from this population are summarized by a population error matrix and accuracy parameters (e.g., overall, user's and producer's accuracies). The population and values of the accuracy parameters are strongly affected by the protocols implemented for the response design which include the choice of spatial unit, how within-unit homogeneity is addressed when assigning class labels, and the definition of agreement between the reference and map classification. Several complete coverage populations are used to illustrate how accuracy results are affected by the spatial unit chosen for the assessment and also to evaluate how spatial misregistration of the map and reference locations impacts accuracy results for different spatial units. The sampling design implemented for accuracy assessment does not change the population or values of the accuracy parameters, but the choice of spatial unit will influence decisions regarding use of strata and clusters in the design. A universally best spatial assessment unit does not exist, so it is critical to recognize how the population, values of the accuracy parameters, and sampling design are impacted by the choice of spatial unit. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stehman, SV (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM svstehma@syr.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota FX We thank four anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments. SVS acknowledges funding support through an Intergovernmental Personnel Agreement (IPA) from the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. This article has not been subject to review by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or U.S. Geological Survey and does not necessarily reflect the views of either agency. NR 38 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3044 EP 3055 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.007 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300008 ER PT J AU Muennig, P Song, XY Payne-Sturges, DC Gee, GC AF Muennig, Peter Song, Xiaoyu Payne-Sturges, Devon C. Gee, Gilbert C. TI Blood and urine levels of long half-life toxicants by nativity among immigrants to the United States SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Environmental toxicants; Immigrant and refugee health; Seemingly unrelated regression ID NEW-YORK-CITY; HEALTH; CHEMICALS; ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY AB One's place of birth is a major determinant of his or her exposure to environmental toxicants. By understanding biological burdens of long half-life toxicants by race and nativity we can better understand geographic variation in toxicant distribution. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006) biomonitoring data to examine differences in blood and urine levels of long half-life environmental toxicants of foreign-born relative to US-born people by race/ethnicity. We log transformed blood and urine measures of 51 environmental toxicants. We then used "seemingly unrelated regression," a robust technique for making multiple comparisons across a group of variables with correlated error terms, to examine differences in blood and urine toxicants by nativity and race. We found that, compared to native-born Americans, the foreign-born are generally more likely to be exposed to metals (p<0.001) and organochlorine pesticides (p<0.001), but less likely to be exposed to dioxin-like compounds (p<0.001) or polyflourinated compounds (p<0.001). While levels of toxicants varied greatly by region of birth, US-born participants had consistently higher levels of dioxin-like compounds and polyflourinated compounds. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Muennig, Peter; Song, Xiaoyu] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Payne-Sturges, Devon C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gee, Gilbert C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Muennig, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 600 W 168th St,6th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM pm124@columbia.edu; payne-sturges.devon@epa.gov; gilgee@ucla.edu OI Muennig, Peter/0000-0002-4234-0498 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 412 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.077 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 868PD UT WOS:000298534300012 PM 22088424 ER PT J AU Barrett, WM van Baten, J Martin, T AF Barrett, William M., Jr. van Baten, Jasper Martin, Todd TI Implementation of the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm utilizing flowsheet monitoring SO COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Process simulation; Sustainability metrics; Flowsheet monitoring; WAR algorithm; CAPE-OPEN ID LIFE-CYCLE; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; CHEMICAL-PROCESSES; VOC RECOVERY; DESIGN; ALTERNATIVES; SOFTWARE AB Environmental metric software can be used to evaluate the sustainability of a chemical based upon data from the chemical process used to manufacture it. An obstacle to the development of environmental metric software for use in chemical process modeling software has been the inability to obtain information about the process directly from the model. There have been past attempts to develop environmental metrics that make use of the process models, but there has not been an integrated, standardized approach to obtaining the process information required for calculating metrics. As a result, environmental evaluation packages are largely limited to use in a single simulation package, further limiting the development and adoption of these tools. This paper proposes a standardized mechanism for obtaining process information directly from a process model using a strongly integrated interface set, called flowsheet monitoring. The flowsheet monitoring interface provides read-only access to the unit operation and streams within the process model, and can be used to obtain the material flow data from the process streams. This material flow data can then be used to calculate process-based environmental metrics. The flowsheet monitoring interface has been proposed as an extension of the CAPE-OPEN chemical process simulation interface set. To demonstrate the capability of the flowsheet monitoring interfaces, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) WAste Reduction (WAR) algorithm is demonstrated in AmsterCHEM's COFE (CAPE-OPEN Flowsheeting Environment). The WAR add-in accesses the material flows and unit operations directly from the process simulator and uses flow data to calculate the potential environmental impact (PEI) score for the process. The WAR algorithm add-in is included in the latest release of COCO Simulation Environment, available from http://www.cocosimulator.org/. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barrett, William M., Jr.; Martin, Todd] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. AmsterCHEM, Las Rozas Cuevas Almanzo 04618, Almeria, Spain. RP Barrett, WM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Barrett.Williamm@epa.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-1354 J9 COMPUT CHEM ENG JI Comput. Chem. Eng. PD DEC 14 PY 2011 VL 35 IS 12 BP 2680 EP 2686 DI 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2011.02.004 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Chemical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 846BI UT WOS:000296871800009 ER PT J AU Tang, CL Piechota, TC Chen, D AF Tang, Chunling Piechota, Thomas C. Chen, Dong TI Relationships between oceanic-atmospheric patterns and soil moisture in the Upper Colorado River Basin SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Drought; Oceanic-atmospheric patterns; Singular value decomposition; Upper Colorado River Basin ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; EL-NINO; UNITED-STATES; DROUGHT; ENSO; STREAMFLOW; PACIFIC; MODEL AB Soil moisture is an important drought index in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) and understanding its relationships with oceanic-atmospheric patterns provides valuable information for sustainable water management. To begin with, this study generated 50 years (1950-2000) of soil moisture data in the UCRB using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model. This was followed by a temporal evaluation of Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) and soil moisture in the UCRB during drought, normal, and wet years. Besides in-phase analysis, lead time analysis was also performed in which the previous year's SSTs were evaluated with the current year soil moisture. Furthermore, the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis revealed strong correlation between the first temporal expansion series of SSTs and soil moisture in the UCRB. Finally, this study examined the relationships between multiple oceanic-atmospheric patterns and soil moisture in the UCRB in drought, normal, and wet years. Both in-phase and lead time analyses indicated that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) strongly influenced soil moisture by displaying positive coupled regions (significance >95%). In drought and wet years, the lead time analysis showed a positive correlation between the El Nit-lop-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and soil moisture but the in-phase analysis resulted in a negative correlation. The Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) displayed similar coupled regions for both in-phase and lead time analyses in drought and wet years. Understanding the relationships between soil moisture and oceanic-atmospheric patterns has increasingly important implications for the water resources management in the UCRB since soil moisture plays a key role in predicting the runoff and streamflow. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tang, Chunling] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Piechota, Thomas C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Chen, Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. RP Chen, D (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tangchun@uw.edu; Thomas.Piechota@unlv.edu; dchen@igsnrr.ac.cn FU US National Science Foundation [CMS-0239334]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA070AR4310228]; University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This research is supported by the (1) US National Science Foundation award CMS-0239334, (2) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration award NA070AR4310228, (3) the University of Nevada, Las Vegas sabbatical assistance, and (4) "Hundred Talents Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD DEC 6 PY 2011 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.09.035 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 861LT UT WOS:000298021200007 ER PT J AU Patterson, CL Adams, JQ AF Patterson, Craig L. Adams, Jeffrey Q. TI Emergency response planning to reduce the impact of contaminated drinking water during natural disasters SO FRONTIERS OF EARTH SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE emergency response planning; natural disasters; drinking water AB Natural disasters can be devastating to local water supplies affecting millions of people. Disaster recovery plans and water industry collaboration during emergencies protect consumers from contaminated drinking water supplies and help facilitate the repair of public water systems. Prior to an event, utilities and municipalities can use "What if"? scenarios to develop emergency operation, response, and recovery plans designed to reduce the severity of damage and destruction. Government agencies including the EPA are planning ahead to provide temporary supplies of potable water and small drinking water treatment technologies to communities as an integral part of emergency response activities that will ensure clean and safe drinking water. C1 [Patterson, Craig L.; Adams, Jeffrey Q.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Patterson, CL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Patterson.Craig@epamail.epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 2095-0195 EI 2095-0209 J9 FRONT EARTH SCI-PRC JI Front. Earth Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 341 EP 349 DI 10.1007/s11707-011-0196-8 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 002SX UT WOS:000308556600003 ER PT J AU Viana, LT Bustamante, MMD Molina, M Pinto, AD Kisselle, K Zepp, R Burke, RA AF Viana, Laura Tillmann da Cunha Bustamante, Mercedes Maria Molina, Marirosa Pinto, Alexandre de Siqueira Kisselle, Keith Zepp, Richard Burke, Roger A. TI Microbial communities in Cerrado soils under native vegetation subjected to prescribed fire and under pasture SO PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA LA English DT Article DE land use; microbial diversity; PLFA; savannas; seasonality ID CENTRAL BRAZIL; FATTY-ACIDS; LAND-USE; BIOMASS; EXTRACTION; PATTERNS; HUMUS; RATIO AB The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of fire regimes and vegetation cover on the structure and dynamics of soil microbial communities, through phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Comparisons were made between native areas with different woody covers ("cerrado stricto sensu" and "campo sujo"), under different fire regimes, and a 20-year-old active palisadegrass pasture in the Central Plateau of Brazil. Microbial biomass was higher in the native plots than in the pasture, and the highest monthly values were observed during the rainy season in the native plots. No significant differences were observed between fire regimes or between communities from the two native vegetation types. However, the principal component (PC) analysis separated the microbial communities by vegetation cover (native x pasture) and season (wet x dry), accounting for 45.8% (PC1 and PC3) and 25.6% (PC2 and PC3), respectively, of the total PLFA variability. Changes in land cover and seasonal rainfall in Cerrado ecosystems have significant effects on the total density of soil microorganisms and on the abundance of microbial groups, especially Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. C1 [Viana, Laura Tillmann] Agencia Nacl Aguas, Setor Policial Sul, BR-70610200 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [da Cunha Bustamante, Mercedes Maria; Pinto, Alexandre de Siqueira] Univ Brasilia, Dept Ecol, ICC Sul, BR-70919970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Molina, Marirosa; Zepp, Richard; Burke, Roger A.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kisselle, Keith] Austin Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Studies, Sherman, TX 75090 USA. RP Viana, LT (reprint author), Agencia Nacl Aguas, Setor Policial Sul, Area 5,Bloco L, BR-70610200 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM laura.viana@ana.gov.br; mercedes@unb.br; molina.marirosa@epamail.epa.gov; alexandresp@unb.br; kkisselle@austincollege.edu; zepp.richard@epamail.epa.gov; burke.roger@epamail.epa.gov OI Bustamante, Mercedes/0000-0003-1008-452X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [ND-07] FX To the staff of Reserva Ecologica of Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica, the Embrapa Cerrados and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (Athens, GA); to Lourival Vilela, Alexandre Barcellos, Eder Martins, Ieda Mendes, Renato Varella, Karinne Pereira, Joana Dias Bresolin, Catarina Garofalo and Maria Regina Sartori Silva, for their help during this study; to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere project ND-07 and to USEPA through the Assistance Agreement 827291-01. Although this work was reviewed by the USEPA and approved for publication, it might notnecessarily reflect Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU EMPRESA BRASIL PESQ AGROPEC PI BRASILIA DF PA EMBRAPA INFORMACAO TECNOLOGICA, PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA - PAB, CAIXA POSTAL 040315, 70770-901 BRASILIA DF, BRAZIL SN 0100-204X J9 PESQUI AGROPECU BRAS JI Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1665 EP 1672 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 889GG UT WOS:000300061000012 ER PT J AU Pardo, LH Fenn, ME Goodale, CL Geiser, LH Driscoll, CT Allen, EB Baron, JS Bobbink, R Bowman, WD Clark, CM Emmett, B Gilliam, FS Greaver, TL Hall, SJ Lilleskov, EA Liu, LL Lynch, JA Nadelhoffer, KJ Perakis, SS Robin-Abbott, MJ Stoddard, JL Weathers, KC Dennis, RL AF Pardo, Linda H. Fenn, Mark E. Goodale, Christine L. Geiser, Linda H. Driscoll, Charles T. Allen, Edith B. Baron, Jill S. Bobbink, Roland Bowman, William D. Clark, Christopher M. Emmett, Bridget Gilliam, Frank S. Greaver, Tara L. Hall, Sharon J. Lilleskov, Erik A. Liu, Lingli Lynch, Jason A. Nadelhoffer, Knute J. Perakis, Steven S. Robin-Abbott, Molly J. Stoddard, John L. Weathers, Kathleen C. Dennis, Robin L. TI Effects of nitrogen deposition and empirical nitrogen critical loads for ecoregions of the United States SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE air pollution; atmospheric N deposition; biodiversity; community shifts; natural resource protection; nitrate leaching; nitrogen saturation; plant nitrogen cycling; vegetation type conversion ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; CHRONIC N FERTILIZATION; CRITICAL ACID LOADS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; ALPINE LAKES; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; HERBACEOUS LAYER; RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS AB Human activity in the last century has led to a significant increase in nitrogen (N) emissions and atmospheric deposition. This N deposition has reached a level that has caused or is likely to cause alterations to the structure and function of many ecosystems across the United States. One approach for quantifying the deposition of pollution that would be harmful to ecosystems is the determination of critical loads. A critical load is defined as the input of a pollutant below which no detrimental ecological effects occur over the long-term according to present knowledge. The objectives of this project were to synthesize current research relating atmospheric N deposition to effects on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in the United States, and to estimate associated empirical N critical loads. The receptors considered included freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi, lichens, bryophytes, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Ecosystem impacts included: (1) biogeochemical responses and (2) individual species, population, and community responses. Biogeochemical responses included increased N mineralization and nitrification (and N availability for plant and microbial uptake), increased gaseous N losses (ammonia volatilization, nitric and nitrous oxide from nitrification and denitrification), and increased N leaching. Individual species, population, and community responses included increased tissue N, physiological and nutrient imbalances, increased growth, altered root : shoot ratios, increased susceptibility to secondary stresses, altered fire regime, shifts in competitive interactions and community composition, changes in species richness and other measures of biodiversity, and increases in invasive species. The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is 1-39 kg N-ha(-1).yr(-1), spanning the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants and shrubs, and trees. The critical load approach is an ecosystem assessment tool with great potential to simplify complex scientific information and communicate effectively with the policy community and the public. This synthesis represents the first comprehensive assessment of empirical critical loads of N for major ecoregions across the United States. C1 [Pardo, Linda H.; Robin-Abbott, Molly J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Goodale, Christine L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Geiser, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Allen, Edith B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Baron, Jill S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bobbink, Roland] B WARE Res Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bowman, William D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Clark, Christopher M.; Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Emmett, Bridget] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Gilliam, Frank S.] Marshall Univ, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. [Greaver, Tara L.; Liu, Lingli; Dennis, Robin L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stoddard, John L.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Pardo, LH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM lpardo@fs.fed.us RI Liu, Lingli/A-7771-2008; Emmett, Bridget/D-6199-2011; Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016; OI Liu, Lingli/0000-0002-5696-3151; Emmett, Bridget/0000-0002-2713-4389; Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251; Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU US-EPA Clean Air Markets Division [DW-12-92196101]; USDA; UCR Center for Conservation Biology; NSF [DEB 04-21530] FX This project was funded, in part, by the US-EPA Clean Air Markets Division, DW-12-92196101. Initial work on this project was funded by the USDA Forest Service Air Resource Management Program. Funding was provided by the UCR Center for Conservation Biology and NSF grant DEB 04-21530. We thank Amanda Elliot Lindsey and Robert Johnson for their assistance in creating deposition and critical loads maps. We thank Sabine Braun, Doug Burns, and Jim Sickman for their reviews of an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank Sabine Braun for the concept for Fig. 8. We appreciate the comments of two anonymous reviewers. NR 175 TC 111 Z9 116 U1 15 U2 272 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 8 BP 3049 EP 3082 PG 34 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877GU UT WOS:000299166300016 ER PT J AU DelBove, J Rosson, G Strobeck, M Chen, JG Archer, TK Wang, WD Knudsen, ES Weissman, BE AF DelBove, Jessica Rosson, Gary Strobeck, Matthew Chen, Jianguang Archer, Trevor K. Wang, Weidong Knudsen, Erik S. Weissman, Bernard E. TI Identification of a core member of the SWI/SNF complex, BAF155/SMARCC1, as a human tumor suppressor gene SO EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article DE SWI/SNF; BAF155; SMARCC1; tumor suppressor gene; cancer epigenetics ID CHROMATIN-REMODELING COMPLEX; SWI-SNF COMPLEX; CELL-CYCLE; PROTEASOMAL DEGRADATION; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; RHABDOID TUMOR; GROWTH ARREST; BRG1; CANCER AB Recent studies have established that two core members of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, BRG1 and SNF5/INI1, possess tumor-suppressor activity in human and mouse cancers. While the third core member, BAF155, has been implicated by several studies as having a potential role in tumor development, direct evidence for its tumor suppressor activity has remained lacking. Therefore, we screened for BAF155 deficiency in a large number of human tumor cell lines. We identified two cell lines, the SNUC2B colon carcinoma and the SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma, displaying a complete loss of protein expression while maintaining normal levels of mRNA expression. The SKOV3 cell line possesses a heterozygous 4 bp deletion that results in an 855AA truncated protein, while the cause of the loss of BAF155 expression in the SNUC2B cell line appears due to a post-transcriptional error. However, the lack of detectable BAF155 expression did not affect sensitivity to RB-mediated cell cycle arrest. Re-expression of full length but not a truncated form of BAF155 in the two cancer cell lines leads to reduced colony forming ability characterized by replicative senescence but not apoptosis. Collectively, these data suggest that loss of BAF155 expression represents another mechanism for inactivation of SWI/SNF complex activity in the development in human cancer. Our results further indicate that the c-terminus proline-glutamine rich domain plays a critical role in the tumor suppressor activity of this protein. C1 [DelBove, Jessica; Weissman, Bernard E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Rosson, Gary; Weissman, Bernard E.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Rosson, Gary] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Strobeck, Matthew; Knudsen, Erik S.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Canc Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Strobeck, Matthew; Knudsen, Erik S.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Kimmel Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Chen, Jianguang; Archer, Trevor K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Chromatin & Gene Express Sect, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wang, Weidong] NIA, Genet Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [DelBove, Jessica] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Weissman, BE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM weissman@med.unc.edu FU National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health [AG000650-10]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [Z01 ES071006-11]; National Institutes of Health [T32ES007017]; [R01CA91048]; [R01CA138841]; [R01CA127387] FX This work was supported, in part, by R01CA91048 and R01CA138841 (B.E.W.), by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (grant AG000650-10), National Institutes of Health (W.W.), by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES071006-11), National Institutes of Health (T.K.A.) and by R01CA127387 (E.S.K.). Dr. Delbove was supported, in part, by a training grant from the National Institutes of Health T32ES007017. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1559-2294 J9 EPIGENETICS-US JI Epigenetics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1444 EP 1453 DI 10.4161/epi.6.12.18492 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 886CI UT WOS:000299828200005 PM 22139574 ER PT J AU Davidov, O Peddada, S AF Davidov, Ori Peddada, Shyamal TI Order-Restricted Inference for Multivariate Binary Data With Application to Toxicology SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Dose-response study; Multivariate binary data; Order-restricted statistical inference; Stochastic order relation ID HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA; TUMOR-INCIDENCE RATES; MULTINOMIAL POPULATIONS; LOGISTIC-MODELS; RESPONSES; TESTS; DISTRIBUTIONS; VARIABLES; OUTCOMES AB In many applications, researchers collect multivariate binary response data under two or more naturally ordered experimental conditions. In such situations, one is often interested in using all binary outcomes simultaneously to detect an ordering among the experimental conditions. To make such comparisons, we develop a general methodology for testing for the multivariate stochastic order between K >= 2 multivariate binary distributions. Our proposed test uses order-restricted estimators, which, according to our simulation study, are more efficient than the unrestricted estimators in terms of their mean squared error. We compared the power of the proposed test with that of several alternative tests, including procedures that combine individual univariate tests for order, such as union-intersection tests and a Bonferroni-based test. We also compared the proposed test with an unrestricted Hotel ling T-2-type test. Our simulations suggest that the proposed method competes well with these alternatives. The gain in power is often substantial. The proposed methodology is illustrated by applying it to a two-year rodent cancer bioassay data obtained from the U.S. National Toxicology Program. Supplemental materials are available online. C1 [Davidov, Ori] Univ Haifa, Dept Stat, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Peddada, Shyamal] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Davidov, O (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Dept Stat, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. EM davidov@stat.haifa.ac.il; peddada@niehs.nih.gov RI Peddada, Shyamal/D-1278-2012 FU Israeli Science Foundation [875/09]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES101744-04] FX Ori Davidov is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel (E-mail: davidov@stat.haifa.ac.il). Shyamal Peddada is Senior Investigator, Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (E-mail: peddada@niehs.nih.gov). The research of On Davidov was partially supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (grant 875/09) and was conducted when visiting Shyamal Das Peddada. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant Z01 ES101744-04). We thank Professor Doron Zeilberger (Rutgers University) for pointing out the connection between the number of upper sets and the Dedekind numbers and Drs. Grace Kissling (NIEHS) and Wenge Guo (New Jersey Institute of Technology) for several useful comments that improved the presentation. We would also like to thank the editors and reviewers for constructive comments that helped improve many aspects of the article. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 106 IS 496 BP 1394 EP 1404 DI 10.1198/jasa.2011.tm10322 PG 11 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 883VL UT WOS:000299662900014 PM 22973069 ER PT J AU Jardim, MJ AF Jardim, Melanie J. TI microRNAs: Implications for air pollution research SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review DE microRNA; Epigenetics; Air pollution; Ozone; Diesel; ETS ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR VINCLOZOLIN; TOBACCO-SMOKE EXPOSURE; PRODUCTION IN-VIVO; DNA METHYLATION; PROMOTER METHYLATION; OZONE EXPOSURE; LUNG-CANCER; ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS; PARTICULATE MATTER AB The purpose of this review is to provide an update of the current understanding on the role of microRNAs in mediating genetic responses to air pollutants and to contemplate on how these responses ultimately control susceptibility to ambient air pollution. Morbidity and mortality attributable to air pollution continues to be a growing public health concern worldwide. Despite several studies on the health effects of ambient air pollution, underlying molecular mechanisms of susceptibility and disease remain elusive. In the last several years, special attention has been given to the role of epigenetics in mediating, not only genetic and physiological responses to certain environmental insults, but also in regulating underlying susceptibility to environmental stressors. Epigenetic mechanisms control the expression of gene products, both basally and as a response to a perturbation, without affecting the sequence of DNA itself. These mechanisms include structural regulation of the chromatin structure, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, and post-transcriptional gene regulation, such as microRNA mediated repression of gene expression. microRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that have been quickly established as key regulators of gene expression. As such, miRNAs have been found to control several cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. More recently, research has emerged suggesting that changes in the expression of some miRNAs may be critical for mediating biological, and ultimately physiological, responses to air pollutants. Although the study of microRNAs, and epigenetics as a whole, has come quite far in the field of cancer, the understanding of how these mechanisms regulate gene-environment interactions to environmental exposures in everyday life is unclear. This article does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the US EPA. Published by Elsevier B.V . C1 US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Jardim, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM melaniejardim@gmail.com NR 85 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 717 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.03.014 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 858FQ UT WOS:000297781700006 PM 21515291 ER PT J AU Makris, SL Solomon, HM Clark, R Shiota, K Barbellion, S Buschmann, J Ema, M Fujiwara, M Grote, K Hazelden, KP Hew, KW Horimoto, M Ooshima, Y Parkinson, M Wise, LD AF Makris, Susan L. Solomon, Howard M. Clark, Ruth Shiota, Kohei Barbellion, Stephane Buschmann, Jochen Ema, Makoto Fujiwara, Michio Grote, Konstanze Hazelden, Keith P. Hew, Kok Wah Horimoto, Masao Ooshima, Yojiro Parkinson, Meg Wise, L. David TI Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (version 2) (vol 86, pg 227, 2009) SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Makris, Susan L.; Solomon, Howard M.; Clark, Ruth; Shiota, Kohei; Barbellion, Stephane; Buschmann, Jochen; Ema, Makoto; Fujiwara, Michio; Grote, Konstanze; Hazelden, Keith P.; Hew, Kok Wah; Horimoto, Masao; Ooshima, Yojiro; Parkinson, Meg; Wise, L. David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Code 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM makris.susan@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 92 IS 6 BP 575 EP 575 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20342 PG 1 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860CB UT WOS:000297923200010 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Kleinstreuer, NC AF Knudsen, Thomas B. Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. TI Disruption of embryonic vascular development in predictive toxicology SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART C-EMBRYO TODAY-REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE angiogenesis; vascular development; developmental toxicity; predictive toxicology; adverse outcome pathway ID BLOOD-VESSEL FORMATION; GROWTH-FACTOR VEGF; MOUSE EMBRYO; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BISPHENOL-A; ANGIOGENESIS; THALIDOMIDE; VASCULOGENESIS AB Toxicity testing in the 21st century is moving toward using high-throughput screening assays to rapidly test thousands of chemicals against hundreds of molecular targets and biological pathways, and to provide mechanistic information on chemical effects in human cells and small model organisms. First-generation predictive models for prenatal developmental toxicity have revealed a complex web of biological processes with many connections to vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. This review examines disruption of embryonic vascular development as a potential adverse outcome pathway leading to developmental toxicity. We briefly review embryonic vascular development and important signals for vascular development (local growth factors and cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A and TGF-beta, components in the plasminogen activator system, and chemotactic chemokines). Genetic studies have shown that perturbing these signals can lead to varying degrees of adverse consequences, ranging from congenital angiodysplasia to fetal malformations and embryolethality. The molecular targets and cellular behaviors required for vascular development, stabilization and remodeling are amenable to in vitro evaluation. Evidence for chemical disruption of these processes is available for thalidomide, estrogens, endothelins, dioxin, retinoids, cigarette smoke, and metals among other compounds. Although not all compounds with developmental toxicity show an in vitro vascular bioactivity signature, many putative vascular disruptor compounds invoke adverse developmental consequences. As such, an adverse outcome pathway perspective of embryonic vascular development can help identify useful information for assessing adverse outcomes relevant to risk assessment and efficient use of resources for validation. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 93:312323, 2011. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Knudsen, Thomas B.; Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Knudsen, TB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM knudsen.thomas@epa.gov OI Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 NR 77 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-975X J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES C JI Birth Defects Res. Part C-Embryo Today-Rev. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 93 IS 4 SI SI BP 312 EP 323 DI 10.1002/bdrc.20223 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 880NS UT WOS:000299414700004 PM 22271680 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Kelly, JR Trebitz, AS Peterson, GS West, CW AF Hoffman, Joel C. Kelly, John R. Trebitz, Anett S. Peterson, Greg S. West, Corlis W. TI Effort and potential efficiencies for aquatic non-native species early detection SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; DULUTH-SUPERIOR HARBOR; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SAMPLING EFFORT; BIODIVERSITY; RICHNESS; FISHES; MANAGEMENT; RESOURCES; SIZE AB Our objective was to determine the effort required for high-probability early detection of non-native zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and fish using Duluth-Superior Harbor - a Great Lakes port under intense non-native species introduction pressure - as a case study. Initially, we allocated samples using a spatially balanced random design. We then re-sampled the harbor, but allocated samples to a few targeted areas. We detected 21 non-native invertebrate and 10 non-native fish species; however, many rare zooplankton and benthic invertebrates were likely missed. The two designs did not have significantly different species accumulation curves, but the targeted area design samples had higher species richness and detected non-native species with a significantly higher probability. It was possible to reduce the effort required to detect established non-native species. In contrast, the effort required to detect an ultra-rare, newly arrived species remained large. Based on statistical estimation theory, the effort required to detect 95% or more of species present could exceed enumerating 750 zooplankton samples (similar to 500 000 individuals, similar to 90 species), 150 benthic invertebrate samples (similar to 100 000 individuals, similar to 250 species), and 100 fish samples (similar to 75 000 individuals, similar to 40 species). C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Kelly, John R.; Trebitz, Anett S.; Peterson, Greg S.; West, Corlis W.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Hoffman.joel@epa.gov NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 29 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 12 BP 2064 EP 2079 DI 10.1139/F2011-117 PG 16 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 877OA UT WOS:000299190600004 ER PT J AU Chung, S Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Chung, Seungoon Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Partially Acetylated Sugarcane Bagasse for Wicking Oil from Contaminated Wetlands SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crude oil; Oil wicking; Porous materials; Soil contamination; Sugarcane bagasse ID SORPTION-ACTIVE MATERIALS; SPILL CLEANUP; SORBENT MATERIALS; FIBERS; ESTERIFICATION; CATALYST; BEHAVIOR; WATER; RICE; NBS AB Sugarcane bagasse was partially acetylated to enhance its oil-wicking ability in saturated environments while holding moisture for hydrocarbon biodegradation. The water sorption capacity of raw bagasse was reduced fourfold after treatment, which indicated considerably increased hydrophobicity but not a limited capability to hold moisture for hydrocarbon biodegradation. Characterization results by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface area analyzer suggested that treated bagasse exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity and surface area. Oil wicking test results indicate that treated bagasse is more effective in wicking oil from highly saturated environments than raw bagasse and suggest that application of this material in remediation of oil spills in highly saturated wetlands is promising. C1 [Chung, Seungoon] Samsung Engn Co Ltd, R&D Ctr, Suwon, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chung, S (reprint author), Samsung Engn Co Ltd, R&D Ctr, 415-10 Woncheon Dong, Suwon 443823, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM phd.chung@samsung.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-C-05-056, WA 2-17] FX We gratefully acknowledge that funding was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. EP-C-05-056, WA 2-17. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0930-7516 J9 CHEM ENG TECHNOL JI Chem. Eng. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1989 EP 1996 DI 10.1002/ceat.201100353 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 862JV UT WOS:000298087900005 ER PT J AU Johnson, NA Coram, MA Shriver, MD Romieu, I Barsh, GS London, SJ Tang, H AF Johnson, Nicholas A. Coram, Marc A. Shriver, Mark D. Romieu, Isabelle Barsh, Gregory S. London, Stephanie J. Tang, Hua TI Ancestral Components of Admixed Genomes in a Mexican Cohort SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RECENT POSITIVE SELECTION; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; WIDE ASSOCIATION; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; ADMIXTURE; PATTERNS; INDIVIDUALS; DIVERSITY; SIGNALS AB For most of the world, human genome structure at a population level is shaped by interplay between ancient geographic isolation and more recent demographic shifts, factors that are captured by the concepts of biogeographic ancestry and admixture, respectively. The ancestry of non-admixed individuals can often be traced to a specific population in a precise region, but current approaches for studying admixed individuals generally yield coarse information in which genome ancestry proportions are identified according to continent of origin. Here we introduce a new analytic strategy for this problem that allows fine-grained characterization of admixed individuals with respect to both geographic and genomic coordinates. Ancestry segments from different continents, identified with a probabilistic model, are used to construct and study "virtual genomes" of admixed individuals. We apply this approach to a cohort of 492 parent-offspring trios from Mexico City. The relative contributions from the three continental-level ancestral populations-Africa, Europe, and America-vary substantially between individuals, and the distribution of haplotype block length suggests an admixing time of 10-15 generations. The European and Indigenous American virtual genomes of each Mexican individual can be traced to precise regions within each continent, and they reveal a gradient of Amerindian ancestry between indigenous people of southwestern Mexico and Mayans of the Yucatan Peninsula. This contrasts sharply with the African roots of African Americans, which have been characterized by a uniform mixing of multiple West African populations. We also use the virtual European and Indigenous American genomes to search for the signatures of selection in the ancestral populations, and we identify previously known targets of selection in other populations, as well as new candidate loci. The ability to infer precise ancestral components of admixed genomes will facilitate studies of disease-related phenotypes and will allow new insight into the adaptive and demographic history of indigenous people. C1 [Johnson, Nicholas A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Stat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Coram, Marc A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Shriver, Mark D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Romieu, Isabelle] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Barsh, Gregory S.; Tang, Hua] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Barsh, Gregory S.] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Johnson, NA (reprint author), Google, Mountain View, CA USA. EM gbarsh@hudsonalpha.org; huatang@stanford.edu OI London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Sloan Foundation; NIGMS [GM073059]; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, DHHS; Stanford Genome Training Program [T32 HG000044] FX The research was supported by a Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship and NIGMS grant GM073059 to HT and by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, to SJL. NAJ is supported by the Stanford Genome Training Program (T32 HG000044). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7390 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 7 IS 12 AR e1002410 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002410 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 877HI UT WOS:000299167900027 PM 22194699 ER PT J AU Pasch, AN MacDonald, CP Gilliam, RC Knoderer, CA Roberts, PT AF Pasch, Adam N. MacDonald, Clinton P. Gilliam, Robert C. Knoderer, Charley A. Roberts, Paul T. TI Meteorological characteristics associated with PM2.5 air pollution in Cleveland, Ohio, during the 2009-2010 Cleveland Multiple Air Pollutants Study SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Radar wind profiler; Sodar; Pollutant transport; Meteorology ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; UNITED-STATES; LAKE-MICHIGAN; FINE; MORTALITY; OZONE; TRANSPORT; CITIES AB Cleveland, Akron, and Lorain, Ohio, exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particles with a diameter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). The 2009-2010 Cleveland Multiple Air Pollutants Study (CMAPS) and analyses were conducted to characterize the sources and processes that contribute to high PM2.5 concentrations in the Cleveland area. The results are being used in high-resolution mesoscale chemical and meteorological modeling to protect public health. This paper summarizes the meteorological measurements collected during CMAPS and describes how three-dimensional meteorological processes influence surface PM2.5 concentrations. Mixing heights were higher, boundary layer winds were stronger, flow was southerly, and ventilation was greater on most episode days compared to non-episode days. While greater ventilation typically results in lower PM2.5 concentrations, in this case the greater ventilation coincided with the transport of regional pollution by southerly winds. Stagnation, or limited transport of air parcels, occurred on the remaining episode days and was associated with limited vertical mixing and light winds. These stagnation/limited dispersion events were associated with a weak lake breeze during the summer and slow-moving, large-scale high-pressure systems with weak surface pressure gradients, resulting in light winds during the winter. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pasch, Adam N.; MacDonald, Clinton P.; Knoderer, Charley A.; Roberts, Paul T.] Sonoma Technol Inc STI, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. [Gilliam, Robert C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pasch, AN (reprint author), Sonoma Technol Inc STI, 1455 N McDowell Blvd,Suite D, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. EM apasch@sonomatech.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Alion Science and Technology; EPA Office of Research and Development National Exposure Research Laboratory FX This work was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through a contract with Alion Science and Technology. The authors wish to thank the CMAPS Principal Investigators, Dr. Gary Norris at EPA and Dr. Matthew Landis at the EPA Office of Research and Development National Exposure Research Laboratory, for supporting the aloft meteorological measurements that were critical to the analysis presented in this paper; Keith Kronmiller at Alion Science and Technology and Rich Zavoda at ArcelorMittal Steel for assistance obtaining the upper-air and surface meteorological site used in the data analysis; and Daniel Alrick and Dianne Miller at Sonoma Technology, Inc., for assistance with the data analysis. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 39 BP 7026 EP 7035 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.065 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 862UU UT WOS:000298120400002 ER PT J AU Solomon, PA Wexler, AS Sioutas, C AF Solomon, Paul A. Wexler, Anthony S. Sioutas, Constantinos TI Special Issue of Atmospheric Environment for Air Pollution and Health: Bridging the Gap from Sources-to-Health Outcomes Preface SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Wexler, Anthony S.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sioutas, Constantinos] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 944 E Harmon Ave,Rm 235, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM Solomon.paul@epa.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 40 SI SI BP 7537 EP 7539 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.050 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 868HD UT WOS:000298513400001 ER PT J AU Richmond-Bryant, J Isukapalli, SS Vallero, DA AF Richmond-Bryant, J. Isukapalli, S. S. Vallero, D. A. TI Air pollutant retention within a complex of urban street canyons SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Air pollution; Dispersion; Epidemiology; Street canyon; Urban ID AERODYNAMIC WAKES; VARIABLE WIDTH; FLOW; TRANSPORT; DISPERSION; TURBULENCE; MANHATTAN; MODEL; FREESTREAM; BUILDINGS AB Epidemiological studies of health effects associated with ambient air pollution are subject to uncertainty in the effects estimates related to the spatial and temporal variability of ambient air pollution. This study examines meteorological and concentration decay data for an urban canopy in Oklahoma City, OK to develop a modeling approach that can be used to estimate spatiotemporal variability in contaminant retention that could add bias or uncertainty to epidemiological results. Concentration and microscale turbulent wind data from the Joint Urban 2003 study were reanalyzed to examine scaling relationships between contaminant residence time in urban street canyons, urban boundary layer winds, and urban topography. Street-level sulfur hexafluoride (SF(6)) concentration time series were reviewed to find time periods that included a peak and decay. Exponential decay curves were fitted to each period, and a characteristic residence time was derived from each model slope. That residence time was nondimensionalized by the ratio of mean urban boundary layer wind speed to height of the building just upwind of the street canyon in which the concentration was measured. Sonic detection and ranging (SODAR) data were used to assess atmospheric turbulence conditions at times concurrent with the concentration decay measurements. Reynolds number (Re) was calculated from the 15-min average wind velocity and ranged from 2.1 x 10(6) to 7.6 x 10(7). Nondimensional residence time (H) ranged from 3.7 to 996 with a median of 13.3. Inverse relationships were validated between H and Re and between H and the street canyon aspect ratio. These relationships provided a mechanism to understand time-varying ventilation within a street canyon. The results shown here were intended to demonstrate how scaling relationships derived from the transport equation can be used to provide rapid estimates of characteristic decay times for the purpose of estimating variability in the concentrations encountered in an urban environment. This could be a useful tool to reduce uncertainty in air pollution epidemiological study results related to spatial and temporal variability in urban concentrations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Richmond-Bryant, J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Isukapalli, S. S.] Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Exposure Sci Div, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Vallero, D. A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Richmond-Bryant, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MC B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM richmond-bryant.jennifer@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) [CR 83162501] FX The authors give special thanks to Dr. David Heist, Dr. Thomas Long, Dr. Steven Dutton, Dr. Mary Ross, Dr. John Vandenberg, and Mr. Brian Adams for their helpful comments in review of this manuscript. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) funded and collaborated in the research described here under assistance agreement CR 83162501 to the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 40 SI SI BP 7612 EP 7618 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.003 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 868HD UT WOS:000298513400010 ER PT J AU Hagan, N Robins, N Hsu-Kim, H Halabi, S Morris, M Woodall, G Zhang, T Bacon, A Richter, DD Vandenberg, J AF Hagan, Nicole Robins, Nicholas Hsu-Kim, Heileen Halabi, Susan Morris, Mark Woodall, George Zhang, Tong Bacon, Allan Richter, Daniel de B. Vandenberg, John TI Estimating historical atmospheric mercury concentrations from silver mining and their legacies in present-day surface soil in Potosi, Bolivia SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Silver; AERMOD; Soils; Potosi, Bolivia ID SPECTROSCOPY; EXTRACTIONS; ABSORPTION; SPECIATION; POLLUTION; AMERICA; AREA AB Detailed Spanish records of mercury use and silver production during the colonial period in Potosi, Bolivia were evaluated to estimate atmospheric emissions of mercury from silver smelting. Mercury was used in the silver production process in Potosi and nearly 32,000 metric tons of mercury were released to the environment. AERMOD was used in combination with the estimated emissions to approximate historical air concentrations of mercury from colonial mining operations during 1715, a year of relatively low silver production. Source characteristics were selected from archival documents, colonial maps and images of silver smelters in Potosi and a base case of input parameters was selected. Input parameters were varied to understand the sensitivity of the model to each parameter. Modeled maximum 1-h concentrations were most sensitive to stack height and diameter, whereas an index of community exposure was relatively insensitive to uncertainty in input parameters. Modeled 1-h and long-term concentrations were compared to inhalation reference values for elemental mercury vapor. Estimated 1-h maximum concentrations within 500 m of the silver smelters consistently exceeded present-day occupational inhalation reference values. Additionally, the entire community was estimated to have been exposed to levels of mercury vapor that exceed present-day acute inhalation reference values for the general public. Estimated long-term maximum concentrations of mercury were predicted to substantially exceed the EPA Reference Concentration for areas within 600 m of the silver smelters. A concentration gradient predicted by AERMOD was used to select soil sampling locations along transects in Potosi. Total mercury in soils ranged from 0.105 to 155 mg kg(-1), among the highest levels reported for surface soils in the scientific literature. The correlation between estimated air concentrations and measured soil concentrations will guide future research to determine the extent to which the current community of Potosi and vicinity is at risk of adverse health effects from historical mercury contamination. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hagan, Nicole] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Robins, Nicholas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hsu-Kim, Heileen; Zhang, Tong] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Halabi, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Morris, Mark] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Woodall, George; Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bacon, Allan; Richter, Daniel de B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, LSRC, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Hagan, N (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagan.nicole@epa.gov; nrobins1@yahoo.com; hsukim@duke.edu; susan.halabi@duke.edu; morris.mark@epa.gov; woodall.george@epa.gov; tong.zhang@duke.edu; allan.bacon@duke.edu; drichter@duke.edu; vandenberg.john@epa.gov RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; Woodall, George/M-5658-2014; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU U.S. EPA; Council for the International Exchange of Scholars; National Archive and Library of Bolivia; Casa Nacional de Moneda; Museum of the Nacional de Moneda de Potosi FX Special thanks to Ted Palma, James Hirtz, James Thurman, and Roger Brode of the U.S. EPA for their support and contributions to this paper. Nicholas Robins additionally thanks Joseph Graff and Diego Ballivian of the Council for the International Exchange of Scholars Fulbright program, and Marcela Inch, Director of the National Archive and Library of Bolivia, and her staff, as well as Ruben Julio Ruiz Ortiz, Director of the Casa Nacional de Moneda, Potosi and Sheila Beltran Lopez, Director of the Museum of the Nacional de Moneda de Potosi, for their support of this research. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Cesar Barrios and Gaston Serrano for his assistance in the field in Potosi. The authors would also like to thank Paul Heine for coordinating the soil importation and containments as a USDA permitted Soil Containment Officer. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 40 SI SI BP 7619 EP 7626 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.009 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 868HD UT WOS:000298513400011 ER PT J AU Cook, R Phillips, S Houyoux, M Dolwick, P Mason, R Yanca, C Zawacki, M Davidson, K Michaels, H Harvey, C Somers, J Luecken, D AF Cook, Rich Phillips, Sharon Houyoux, Marc Dolwick, Pat Mason, Rich Yanca, Catherine Zawacki, Margaret Davidson, Ken Michaels, Harvey Harvey, Craig Somers, Joseph Luecken, Deborah TI Air quality impacts of increased use of ethanol under the United States' Energy Independence and Security Act SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Modeling; Ethanol; Ozone; Air toxics ID RIO-DE-JANEIRO; GASOLINE VEHICLES; SAO-PAULO; EMISSIONS; BRAZIL; E85; ACETALDEHYDE; FORMALDEHYDE; DEPENDENCE; PRODUCTS AB Increased use of ethanol in the United States fuel supply will impact emissions and ambient concentrations of greenhouse gases, "criteria" pollutants for which the U. S. EPA sets ambient air quality standards, and a variety of air toxic compounds. This paper focuses on impacts of increased ethanol use on ozone and air toxics under a potential implementation scenario resulting from mandates in the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007. The assessment of impacts was done for calendar year 2022, when 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels must be used. Impacts were assessed relative to a baseline which assumed ethanol volumes mandated by the first renewable fuels standard promulgated by U. S. EPA in early 2007. This assessment addresses both impacts of increased ethanol use on vehicle and other engine emissions, referred to as "downstream" emissions, and "upstream" impacts, i.e., those connected with fuel production and distribution. Air quality modeling was performed for the continental United States using the Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model (CMAQ), version 4.7. Pollutants included in the assessment were ozone, acetaldehyde, ethanol, formaldehyde, acrolein, benzene, and 1,3-butadiene. Results suggest that increased ethanol use due to EISA in 2022 will adversely increase ozone concentrations over much of the U.S., by as much as 1 ppb. However, EISA is projected to improve ozone air quality in a few highly-populated areas that currently have poor air quality. Most of the ozone improvements are due to our assumption of increases in nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) in volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited areas. While there are some localized impacts, the EISA renewable fuel standards have relatively little impact on national average ambient concentrations of most air toxics, although ethanol concentrations increase substantially. Significant uncertainties are associated with all results, due to limitations in available data. These uncertainties are discussed in detail. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cook, Rich; Yanca, Catherine; Zawacki, Margaret; Michaels, Harvey; Harvey, Craig; Somers, Joseph] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Phillips, Sharon; Houyoux, Marc; Dolwick, Pat; Mason, Rich] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davidson, Ken] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Luecken, Deborah] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cook, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM cook.rich@epa.gov NR 48 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 40 SI SI BP 7714 EP 7724 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.043 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 868HD UT WOS:000298513400022 ER PT J AU Leinisch, F Ranguelova, K DeRose, EF Jiang, JJ Mason, RP AF Leinisch, Fabian Ranguelova, Kalina DeRose, Eugene F. Jiang, JinJie Mason, Ronald P. TI Evaluation of the Forrester-Hepburn Mechanism As an Artifact Source in ESR Spin-Trapping SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIALS; NUCLEOPHILIC-ADDITION; NONRADICAL ADDITION; RADICAL FORMATION; CAUTIONARY NOTE; ONE-ELECTRON; TRAPS; ANION; ADDUCTS; (BI)SULFITE AB Nitrone spin traps such as 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) are commonly used for free radical detection. Though proven examples are rare, artifact formation must be considered. For example, the Forrester-Hepburn mechanism yields the same radical adduct as that formed by genuine radical trapping. A hydroxylamine is formed by nucleophilic attack of the substrate on DMPO and subsequently oxidized to the respective nitroxide radical. One potential candidate for this artifact is the sulfur trioxide radical adduct (DMPO/(center dot)SO(3)(-)), as detected in spin-trapping experiments with horseradish peroxidase and sulfite. It has previously been shown by NMR experiments that the hydroxylamine intermediate does indeed form, but no direct proof for the ESR artifact has been provided. Here, we used isotopically labeled DMPO with horseradish peroxidase and ferricyanide to test for the Forrester-Hepburn artifact directly in a spin-trapping experiment. Besides sulfite, we investigated other nucleophiles such as cyanide, cysteine, and glutathione. Neither sulfite nor biological thiols produced detectable spin-trapping artifacts, but with cyanide the relatively weak signal originated entirely from the nucleophilic reaction. The hydroxylamine intermediate, which is more abundant with cyanide than with sulfite, was identified as cyano-hydroxylamine by means of 2D NMR experiments. Although our study found that spin trapping provided authentic free radical signals with most of the substrates, the occurrence of the Forrester-Hepburn mechanism artifact with cyanide emphasizes the importance of isotope measurements with nucleophile substrates. C1 [Leinisch, Fabian; Ranguelova, Kalina; Jiang, JinJie; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [DeRose, Eugene F.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Leinisch, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM leinischf@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 24 IS 12 BP 2217 EP 2226 DI 10.1021/tx2003323 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 862FH UT WOS:000298074700015 PM 22004308 ER PT J AU Trnovec, T Dedik, L Jusko, TA Lancz, K Palkovicova, L Kocan, A Sovcikova, E Wimmerova, S Tihanyi, J Patayova, H Hertz-Picciotto, I AF Trnovec, Tomas Dedik, Ladislav Jusko, Todd A. Lancz, Kinga Palkovicova, Lubica Kocan, Anton Sovcikova, Eva Wimmerova, Sona Tihanyi, Juraj Patayova, Henrieta Hertz-Picciotto, Irva TI Assessment of exposure to PCB 153 from breast feeding and normal food intake in individual children using a system approach model SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Breast feeding; Toxicokinetics; Modeling; Mean residence time; Children ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL LEVELS; THYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; MEAN TIME PARAMETERS; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; EASTERN SLOVAKIA; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PREGNANT-WOMEN; HYDROXYLATED METABOLITES; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS AB Investigators have typically relied on a single or few discrete time points as measures of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) body burden, however health effects are more likely to be the result of integrative exposure in time, optionally expressed as an area under the time curve (AUC) of PCB serum concentration. Using data from a subgroup of 93 infants from a birth cohort in eastern Slovakia-a region highly polluted by PCBs-we fit a system type model, customized to our longitudinal measures of serum PCB concentrations in cord, 6, 16, and 45 month blood specimens. The most abundant congener, PCB 153, was chosen for modeling purposes. In addition to currently used methods of exposure assessment, our approach estimates a concentration time profile for each subject, taking into account mean residence time of PCB 153 molecules in the body, duration of breast feeding, hypothetical PCB 153 concentration in steady-state without breast feeding and alternately without normal food intake. Hypothetical PCB 153 concentration in steady-state without normal food intake correlates with AUC (r = 0.84, p < 0.001) as well as with duration of breast feeding (r = 0.64, p < 0.001). It makes possible to determine each subject's exposure profile expressed as AUC of PCBs serum concentration with a minimum model parameters. PCB body burden in most infants was strongly associated with duration of breast feeding in most, but not all children, was apparent from model output. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Trnovec, Tomas; Lancz, Kinga; Palkovicova, Lubica; Kocan, Anton; Sovcikova, Eva; Wimmerova, Sona; Tihanyi, Juraj; Patayova, Henrieta] Slovak Med Univ, Bratislava 83303, Slovakia. [Dedik, Ladislav] Slovak Tech Univ Bratislava, Fac Mech Engn, Bratislava 81243, Slovakia. [Jusko, Todd A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hertz-Picciotto, Irva] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Trnovec, T (reprint author), Slovak Med Univ, Limbova 12, Bratislava 83303, Slovakia. EM tomas.trnovec@szu.sk FU National Institutes of Health [R01-CA096525]; Slovak Research and Development Agency [LPP-0164-07]; EU [018385, 036913-2, 044232, 227391]; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research received support from National Institutes of Health grant R01-CA096525, from the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the Contract No. LPP-0164-07 and EU Projects INTARESE (No. 018385), HEIMTSA (No. 036913-2), ENVIRISK (No. 044232) and OBELIX (No. 227391) and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 11 BP 1687 EP 1693 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.013 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 869DE UT WOS:000298575100005 PM 22051344 ER PT J AU Green, HC Shanks, OC Sivaganesan, M Haugland, RA Field, KG AF Green, Hyatt C. Shanks, Orin C. Sivaganesan, Mano Haugland, Richard A. Field, Katharine G. TI Differential decay of human faecal Bacteroides in marine and freshwater SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GENETIC-MARKERS; SUNLIGHT INACTIVATION; PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; GROWTH-RATE; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; BAYESIAN METHOD; BACTERIA AB Genetic markers from Bacteroides and other faecal bacteria are being tested for inclusion in regulations to quantify aquatic faecal contamination and estimate public health risk. For the method to be used quantitatively across environments, persistence and decay of markers must be understood. We measured concentrations of contaminant molecular markers targeting Enterococcus and Bacteroides spp. in marine and freshwater microcosms spiked with human sewage and exposed to either sunlight or dark treatments. We used Bayesian statistics with a delayed Chick-Watson model to estimate kinetic parameters for target decay. DNA-and RNA-based targets decayed at approximately the same rate. Molecular markers persisted (could be detected) longer in marine water. Sunlight increased the decay rates of cultured indicators more than those of molecular markers; sunlight also limited persistence of molecular markers. Within each treatment, Bacteroides markers had similar decay profiles, but some Bacteroides markers significantly differed in decay rates. The role of extracellular DNA in persistence appeared unimportant in the microcosms. Because conditions were controlled, microcosms allowed the effects of specific environmental variables on marker persistence and decay to be measured. While marker decay profiles in more complex environments would be expected to vary from those observed here, the differences we measured suggest that water matrix is an important factor affecting quantitative source tracking and microbial risk assessment applications. C1 [Green, Hyatt C.; Field, Katharine G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shanks, Orin C.; Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Field, KG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kate.field@oregonstate.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research. Continued support from Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University was invaluable. Kevin Vergin and Tony Bertagnolli (TB) provided thoughtful discussion on topics addressed in the manuscript. TB obtained the offshore samples. Cathy Kelty and Lindsay Peed allowed the project to be completed on schedule. Opinions expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 83 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 3235 EP 3249 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02549.x PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 872XF UT WOS:000298843800014 PM 21883797 ER PT J AU Coble, J Thomas, KW Hines, CJ Hoppin, JA Dosemeci, M Curwin, B Lubin, JH Freeman, LEB Blair, A Sandler, DP Alavanja, MCR AF Coble, Joseph Thomas, Kent W. Hines, Cynthia J. Hoppin, Jane A. Dosemeci, Mustafa Curwin, Brian Lubin, Jay H. Freeman, Laura E. Beane Blair, Aaron Sandler, Dale P. Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI An Updated Algorithm for Estimation of Pesticide Exposure Intensity in the Agricultural Health Study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE pesticides; exposure algorithm; epidemiology; 2,4-D; chlorpyrifos; captan ID FARM APPLICATORS AB An algorithm developed to estimate pesticide exposure intensity for use in epidemiologic analyses was revised based on data from two exposure monitoring studies. In the first study, we estimated relative exposure intensity based on the results of measurements taken during the application of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (n = 88) and the insecticide chlorpyrifos (n = 17). Modifications to the algorithm weighting factors were based on geometric means (GM) of post-application urine concentrations for applicators grouped by application method and use of chemically-resistant (CR) gloves. Measurement data from a second study were also used to evaluate relative exposure levels associated with airblast as compared to hand spray application methods. Algorithm modifications included an increase in the exposure reduction factor for use of CR gloves from 40% to 60%, an increase in the application method weight for boom spray relative to in-furrow and for air blast relative to hand spray, and a decrease in the weight for mixing relative to the new weights assigned for application methods. The weighting factors for the revised algorithm now incorporate exposure measurements taken on Agricultural Health Study (AHS) participants for the application methods and personal protective equipment (PPE) commonly reported by study participants. C1 [Coble, Joseph; Dosemeci, Mustafa; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Blair, Aaron; Alavanja, Michael C. R.] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Thomas, Kent W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.; Curwin, Brian] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lubin, Jay H.] NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, 1620 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM coble.joe@dol.gov; thomas.kent@epa.gov; cjh8@cdc.gov; hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov; dosemecia@ninds.nih.gov; bic4@cdc.gov; lubinj@exchange.nih.gov; freemala@mail.nih.gov; blaira@exchange.nih.gov; sandler@niehs.nih.gov; alavanjm@mail.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH: National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119-12]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030-1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; United State Environmental Protection Agency [68-D99-011, 68-D99-012]; [DW-75-93912801-0] FX This work has been supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH: National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119-12) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030-1) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the United State Environmental Protection Agency. The United States Environmental Protection Agency also funded, in part, the research described here under Contracts 68-D99-011 and 68-D99-012, and through Interagency Agreement DW-75-93912801-0. We thank the participants of the Agricultural Health Study for their valuable contributions to this research. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 18 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 4608 EP 4622 DI 10.3390/ijerph8124608 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 866TL UT WOS:000298406600013 PM 22408592 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Stiegel, MA Sobus, JR AF Pleil, Joachim D. Stiegel, Matthew A. Sobus, Jon R. TI Breath biomarkers in environmental health science: exploring patterns in the human exposome SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; EXHALED BREATH; HUMAN BLOOD; DISEASE; LEVEL AB The human genome is the counterpart to the human exposome with respect to the gene x environment interaction that describes health state and outcome. The genome has already been sequenced and is in the process of being assessed for specific functionality; to similarly decode the exposome will require the measurement and interpretation of suites of biomarker compounds in biological media such as blood, breath and urine. Of these, exhaled breath provides some important advantages for community or population-based studies in that the supply is essentially unlimited, the sampling procedures are non-invasive and can be self-administered, and there are little, if any, infectious wastes generated. The main concerns are to document a variety of compounds in breath, to assess what compounds and concentrations are considered statistically 'normal' in the healthy or unremarkably exposed population, and what graphic and mathematical approaches can be applied to assess outlier measurements as perturbations to the healthy exposome. In this paper, we explore a data set of exhaled breath measurements of exogenous exposures to jet fuel and develop summary statistics and variable clustering methods to establish between-group and intrinsic within-sample patterns that could be used to assess the status of random subjects. C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.; Sobus, Jon R.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 AR 046005 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/5/4/046005 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 863QS UT WOS:000298182800005 PM 21904020 ER PT J AU Brook, RD Shin, HH Bard, RL Burnett, RT Vette, A Croghan, C Williams, R AF Brook, Robert D. Shin, Hwashin H. Bard, Robert L. Burnett, Richard T. Vette, Alan Croghan, Carry Williams, Ron TI Can Personal Exposures to Higher Nighttime and Early-Morning Temperatures Increase Blood Pressure? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; SLEEP; ASSOCIATIONS; RESPONSES; OUTDOOR; HUMANS AB Environmental temperatures are inversely related to BP; however, the effects of short-term temperature changes within a 24-hourperiod and measured with high accuracy at the personal level have not been described. Fifty-one nonsmoking patients living in the Detroit area had up to 5 consecutive days of 24-hour personal-level environmental temperature ( PET) monitoring along with daily cardiovascular measurements, including BP, performed mostly between 5 PM and 7 PM during summer and / or winter periods. The associations between hour-long mean PET levels during the previous 24 hours with the outcomes were assessed by linear mixed models. Accounting for demographics, environmental factors, and monitoring compliance, systolic and diastolic BP were positively associated with several hour-long PET measurements ending from 10 to 15 hours beforehand. During this time, corresponding mostly to a period starting from between 1AM and 3 AM to ending between 7 AM and 9 AM, an increase of 1 degrees C was associated with a 0.81 mm Hg to 1.44 mm Hg and 0.59 mm Hg to 0.83 mm Hg elevation in systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. Modestly warmer, commonly encountered PET levels posed a clinically meaningful effect ( eg, a 6.95 mm Hg systolic pressure increase per interquartile range (4.8 degrees C) elevation at lag hour 10). Community-level outdoor ambient temperatures were not related to BP. The authors provide the first evidence that personal exposure to warmer nighttime and early-morning environmental temperatures might lead to an increase in BP during the ensuing day. J Clin Hypertens ( Greenwich). 2011; 13: 881-888. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Brook, Robert D.; Bard, Robert L.] Univ Michigan, Div Cardiovasc Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. [Shin, Hwashin H.; Burnett, Richard T.] Hlth Canada, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Vette, Alan; Croghan, Carry; Williams, Ron] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Brook, RD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Cardiovasc Med, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr,POB 322, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. EM robdbrok@umich.edu RI Vette, Alan/A-7330-2012 OI Vette, Alan/0000-0001-6749-1252 FU US EPA, through Office of Research and Development [68-D-00-012, EP-D-04-068, EP-05-D-065]; Electric Power Research Institute [EP-P15887/C7915]; National Institutes of Health General Clinical Research Center [M01-RR000042] FX The US EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and conducted the research under contract 68-D-00-012 (RTI International), EP-D-04-068 (Battelle Columbus Laboratory), 68-D-00-206, and EP-05-D-065 (Alion Science and Technology). It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study was also supported by the Electric Power Research Institute (Contract EP-P15887/C7915) and from a National Institutes of Health General Clinical Research Center Grant: M01-RR000042. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1524-6175 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 881 EP 888 DI 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00545.x PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 859DJ UT WOS:000297854700005 PM 22142347 ER PT J AU Meserve, PL Kelt, DA Previtali, MA Milstead, WB Gutierrez, JR AF Meserve, Peter L. Kelt, Douglas A. Previtali, M. Andrea Milstead, W. Bryan Gutierrez, Julio R. TI Global climate change and small mammal populations in north-central Chile SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Chile; El Nino; El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO); global climate change; population fluctuations; semiarid small mammals ID NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; DESERT RODENT COMMUNITY; THORN SCRUB COMMUNITY; LONG-TERM DYNAMICS; BOTTOM-UP CONTROL; EL-NINO; SEMIARID CHILE; TOP-DOWN; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; VERTEBRATE PREDATORS AB Since 1989 we have monitored small mammal populations at a semiarid site in north-central Chile with a large-scale livetrapping grid complex. Selective exclusions of vertebrate predators or putative small mammal competitors, or both, have yielded relatively small or mostly transitory effects, or both, on small mammal population dynamics and plant community composition. During the study period 5 El Nino-high rainfall episodes have occurred lasting 1-3 years. Resident or core small mammals such as Abrothrix olivaceus, Phyllotis darwini, and Octodon degus experience dramatic fluctuations during and following rainfall pulses. Temporary resident or opportunistic species such as Oligoryzomys longicaudatus and A. longipilis disappear from the thorn scrub for varying periods of time. All species persist in more mesic nearby habitats near dry stream courses (aguadas). Since a 3-year high rainfall event in 2000-2002 mean annual rainfall has increased in this region, mainly due to a lack of prolonged droughts. Under these conditions, and building on a qualitative model proposed by Noy-Meir, long-lived species might become more abundant. Changes in the small mammal assemblage are consistent with these predictions; O. degus, a caviomorph rodent with a long life span, now comprises a more constant proportion of the small mammal biomass in the thorn scrub, and we have documented reduced variation in species diversity. Increased rainfall, a predicted consequence of global climate change in this region, might be leading to changes in small mammal assemblage structure and composition and ultimately will result in a more stable, less oscillatory assemblage in the thorn scrub. Additionally, invasive groups such as introduced lagomorphs and ephemeral plants might become more abundant in this community. The long-term consequences of changes in rainfall patterns due to El Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSOs), with important teleconnections to global-scale phenomena, will lead to diverse changes at the community level here. C1 [Meserve, Peter L.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Kelt, Douglas A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Previtali, M. Andrea] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Milstead, W. Bryan] US EPA, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Gutierrez, Julio R.] Univ La Serena, Dept Biol, La Serena, Chile. [Gutierrez, Julio R.] Univ La Serena, Ctr Adv Studies Arid Zones CEAZA, La Serena, Chile. [Gutierrez, Julio R.] IEB, Santiago, Chile. RP Meserve, PL (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM pmeserve@niu.edu FU United States National Science Foundation; Fondo Nacionale de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologia (FONDECYT) Chile [1070808]; NSF-LTREB [DEB 0948583, 0947224]; Instituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad, part of the Millennium Scientific Initiative FX We gratefully acknowledge the participation of many people in the fieldwork. In particular, we thank all our past technicians and consultants who have given generously of their time and efforts to the project. We especially note the important early contributions of B. Lang to the development of field methodology and data handling, aspects so crucial to a project of this scale. Also, we thank the personnel and administration of the Corporacion Nacional Forestal for their permission to use Fray Jorge as a living laboratory, and N. Willits for statistical advice. Financial support has been provided by several grants from the United States National Science Foundation and Fondo Nacionale de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologia (FONDECYT) Chile, including most recently NSF-LTREB DEB 0948583 and 0947224 to DAK and PLM and FONDECYT 1070808 to JRG. Additional support has come from the Instituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad, part of the Millennium Scientific Initiative. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge our respective institutions, Northern Illinois University, the Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, and the University of California, Davis, for their steadfast support of our efforts. NR 103 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 59 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 92 IS 6 BP 1223 EP 1235 DI 10.1644/10-MAMM-S-267.1 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 867YN UT WOS:000298490800006 ER PT J AU Benignus, VA Bushnell, PJ Boyes, WK AF Benignus, Vernon A. Bushnell, Philip J. Boyes, William K. TI Estimated Rate of Fatal Automobile Accidents Attributable to Acute Solvent Exposure at Low Inhaled Concentrations SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; extrapolation; fatal accidents; solvents ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RISK ASSESSMENT; MOMENTARY BRAIN CONCENTRATION; ACUTE TOLUENE EXPOSURE; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; XENOPUS OOCYTES; RELATIVE RISK; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY; DOSIMETRIC ANALYSIS AB Acute solvent exposures may contribute to automobile accidents because they increase reaction time and decrease attention, in addition to impairing other behaviors. These effects resemble those of ethanol consumption, both with respect to behavioral effects and neurological mechanisms. These observations, along with the extensive data on the relationship between ethanol consumption and fatal automobile accidents, suggested a way to estimate the probability of fatal automobile accidents from solvent inhalation. The problem can be approached using the logic of the algebraic transitive postulate of equality: if A = B and B = C, then A = C. We first calculated a function describing the internal doses of solvent vapors that cause the same magnitude of behavioral impairment as ingestion of ethanol (A = B). Next, we fit a function to data from the literature describing the probability of fatal car crashes for a given internal dose of ethanol (B = C). Finally, we used these two functions to generate a third function to estimate the probability of a fatal car crash for any internal dose of organic solvent vapor (A = C). This latter function showed quantitatively (1) that the likelihood of a fatal car crash is increased by acute exposure to organic solvent vapors at concentrations less than 1.0 ppm, and (2) that this likelihood is similar in magnitude to the probability of developing leukemia from exposure to benzene. This approach could also be applied to other potentially adverse consequences of acute exposure to solvents (e.g., nonfatal car crashes, property damage, and workplace accidents), if appropriate data were available. C1 [Benignus, Vernon A.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Syst Biol Branch, Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bushnell, Philip J.; Boyes, William K.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Neurotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Benignus, VA (reprint author), 713 Brighton Rd, Durham, NC 27707 USA. EM vbenignus.@earthlink.net FU U.S. EPA funds FX This article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the policies of the agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This work was entirely funded by internal U.S. EPA funds. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 12 BP 1935 EP 1948 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01622.x PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 860BJ UT WOS:000297920600009 PM 21545625 ER PT J AU Allen, CR Cumming, GS Garmestani, AS Taylor, PD Walker, BH AF Allen, Craig R. Cumming, Graeme S. Garmestani, Ahjond S. Taylor, Phillip D. Walker, Brian H. TI Managing for resilience SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; complex systems; ecosystem management; maximum sustained yield; resilience; scale; social-ecological systems; sustainability; wildlife management ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; FIRE ANTS; BIODIVERSITY; SCALE; POPULATIONS; DISCONTINUITIES AB Early efforts in wildlife management focused on reducing population variability and maximizing yields of selected species. Later, Aldo Leopold proposed the concept of habitat management as superior to population management, and more recently, ecosystem management, whereby ecological processes are conserved or mimicked, has come into favour. Managing for resilience builds upon these roots, and focuses on maintaining key processes and relationships in social-ecological systems so that they are robust to a great variety of external or internal perturbations at a range of ecological and social scales. Managing for resilience focuses on system-level characteristics and processes, and the endurance of system properties in the face of social or ecological surprise. Managing for resilience consists of actively maintaining a diversity of functions and homeostatic feedbacks, steering systems away from thresholds of potential concern, increasing the ability of the system to maintain structuring processes and feedbacks under a wide range of conditions, and increasing the capacity of a system to cope with change through learning and adaptation. The critical aspect of managing for resilience, and therefore ecosystem management, is undertaking adaptive management to reduce uncertainty and actively managing to avoid thresholds in situations where maintaining resilience is desired. Managing adaptively for resilience is the approach best suited for coping with external shocks and surprises given the non-linear complex dynamics arising from linked social-ecological systems. C1 [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Cumming, Graeme S.] Univ Cape Town, DST NRF Ctr Excellence, Percy Fitzpatrick Inst, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa. [Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, NRM RL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Taylor, Phillip D.] Acadia Univ, Dept Biol, Wolfville, NS B0P 1X0, Canada. [Walker, Brian H.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Allen, CR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM allencr@unl.edu; graeme.cumming@uct.ac.za; garmestani.ahjond@epa.gov; ptaylor@resalliance.org; brian.walker@csiro.au RI Cumming, Graeme/B-6551-2008; Allen, Craig/J-4464-2012 OI Cumming, Graeme/0000-0002-3678-1326; FU United States Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX an earlier version of this manuscript was improved by comments from S. Zellmer. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the United States Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 91 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 7 U2 51 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 337 EP 349 DI 10.2981/10-084 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 876XE UT WOS:000299140300001 ER PT J AU Egeghy, PP Vallero, DA Hubal, EAC AF Egeghy, Peter P. Vallero, Daniel A. Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI Exposure-based prioritization of chemicals for risk assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Review DE Chemical screening; Rapid prioritization; Risk assessment; Chemical exposure; Chemical management ID CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT; EUROPEAN-UNION; MANAGEMENT; TOXICITY; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEM; HEALTH AB Manufactured chemicals are used extensively to produce a wide variety of consumer goods and are required by important industrial sectors. Presently, information is insufficient to estimate risks posed to human health and the environment from the over ten thousand chemical substances currently in use and the hundreds more that are introduced each year. The vast majority of chemicals in products with wide commercial use are not measured in the environment, and potential for human exposure is not quantified. Regulatory agencies in North America and Europe have increased calls to address exposure to these chemicals. New, more reliable approaches are needed to characterize thousands of environmental chemicals on the basis of both hazard and exposure in a rapid and efficient manner, and to prioritize chemicals based on potential risk. Various approaches for prioritization based on exposure potential are summarized and compared. Knowledge gaps and research needed to facilitate rapid exposure-based prioritization for chemical evaluation are highlighted. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Egeghy, Peter P.; Vallero, Daniel A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Egeghy, PP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM egeghy.peter@epa.gov OI Egeghy, Peter/0000-0002-1727-0766 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX We thank participants in the exposure-based chemical prioritization workshop held April 6-7, 2010, for their recommendations and insights. The workshop presentations can be found online (EPA, 2010b). We thank Olivier Jolliet (University of Michigan), Jon Arnot (Trent University), Yuri Bruinen de Bruin (RIVM), Michael Jayjock (The Lifeline Group), Nhan Nguyen (EPA), Rosemary Zaleski (ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences), Sastry Isukapalli (EOHSI), Muhilan Pandian (Infoscientific.com), and Heather Patterson (Health Canada) for information on current models. We thank Jade Mitchell-Blackwood (EPA) for helpful comments and discussions. We are grateful to several anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 64 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 8 BP 950 EP 964 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2011.07.010 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 864EL UT WOS:000298219700003 ER PT J AU Zhou, JW Fuentes, M Davis, J AF Zhou, Jingwen Fuentes, Montserrat Davis, Jerry TI Calibration of Numerical Model Output Using Nonparametric Spatial Density Functions SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian spatial-quantile regression; CMAQ calibration; Non-crossing quantile ID QUANTILES; CMAQ AB The evaluation of physically based computer models for air quality applications is crucial to assist in control strategy selection. Selecting the wrong control strategy has costly economic and social consequences. The objective comparison of the means and variances of modeled air pollution concentrations with the ones obtained from observed field data is the common approach for the assessment of model performance. One drawback of this strategy is that it fails to calibrate properly the tails of the modeled air pollution distribution. Improving the ability of these numerical models to characterize high pollution events is of critical interest for air quality management. In this work we introduce an innovative framework to assess model performance, not only based on the two first moments of the model outputs and field data, but also on their entire distributions. Our approach also compares the spatial dependence and variability in two data sources. More specifically, we estimate the spatial-quantile functions for both the model output and field data, and we apply a nonlinear monotonic regression approach to the quantile functions taking into account the spatial dependence to compare the density functions of numerical models and field data. We use a Bayesian approach for estimation and fitting to characterize uncertainties in data and statistical models. We apply our methodology to assess the performance of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to characterize ozone ambient concentrations. Our approach shows a 50.23% reduction in the root mean square error (RMSE) compared to the default approach based on the first 2 moments of the model output and field data. C1 [Zhou, Jingwen; Fuentes, Montserrat] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Davis, Jerry] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27511 USA. RP Zhou, JW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jzhou3@ncsu.edu; fuentes@stat.ncsu.edu; Davis.Jerry@epamail.epa.gov FU National Science Foundation [Fuentes DMS-0706731, Funetes ATM-0934595]; Environmental Protection Agency [Fuentes RD-83386301-0]; National Space Grant Foundation [Fuentes NNX09AU70G] FX This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (Fuentes DMS-0706731, Funetes ATM-0934595), the Environmental Protection Agency (Fuentes RD-83386301-0) and the National Space Grant Foundation (Fuentes NNX09AU70G). The authors are grateful to the editor and an anonymous referee for their valuable comments. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1085-7117 J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 16 IS 4 SI SI BP 531 EP 553 DI 10.1007/s13253-011-0076-4 PG 23 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 864IE UT WOS:000298231500006 ER PT J AU Wood, JP Calfee, MW Clayton, M Griffin-Gatchalian, N Touati, A AF Wood, J. P. Calfee, M. W. Clayton, M. Griffin-Gatchalian, N. Touati, A. TI Optimizing acidified bleach solutions to improve sporicidal efficacy on building materials SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus; bleach; building materials; decontamination; inactivate; spore; sporicide ID HYPOCHLORITE; SPORES AB Aims: We evaluated whether lowering pH (with acetic acid) and raising free available chlorine (FAC) levels in bleach solutions would improve efficacy in inactivating Bacillus spores on different materials. We also determined how varying pH and FAC levels affected bleach stability. Methods and Results: Acidified bleach solutions with pH levels of 4.5, 6 and 7.5 and FAC levels between 5000 and 10 000 ppm were evaluated for decontamination efficacy against Bacillus subtilis spores inoculated onto test coupons made from wood, ceramic and galvanized steel. Lowering the pH or increasing the FAC level improved efficacy in some of the tests, but depended on the material, which significantly affected decontamination efficacy. The acidified bleach at pH of 7.5 was significantly less effective than bleach at a pH of 4.5 or 6. The FAC levels in the bleach were the most stable at pH 4.5, and stability at pH 4.5 was not significantly affected by the initial FAC level. Conclusions: It may be advisable to use bleach solutions with lower pH (rather than high FAC levels) in light of both the decontamination efficacy and bleach stability results. For wood materials, use of sporicides other than acidified bleach may be warranted. Significance and Impact of the Study: These results may be useful in preparing acidified bleach solutions for decontamination of materials contaminated with spores such as Bacillus anthracis. C1 [Wood, J. P.; Calfee, M. W.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Clayton, M.; Griffin-Gatchalian, N.; Touati, A.] ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Wood, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Mail Code E343-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wood.joe@epa.gov OI Wood, Joseph/0000-0001-6316-9418 FU ARCADIS [EP-C-09-027] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and directed the research described herein, with technical support provided by ARCADIS under contract EP-C-09-027. It has been subject to an administrative review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. EPA does not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 BP 668 EP 672 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2011.03162.x PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 861KM UT WOS:000298017800014 PM 21981715 ER PT J AU Tluczkiewicz, I Buist, HE Martin, MT Mangelsdorf, I Escher, SE AF Tluczkiewicz, I. Buist, H. E. Martin, M. T. Mangelsdorf, I. Escher, S. E. TI Improvement of the Cramer classification for oral exposure using the database TTC RepDose - A strategy description SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TTC concept; Threshold of toxicological concern; Oral exposure; Refinement; Risk assessment; RepDose; Database; Toxicology; Cramer classification; Structure activity relationship; SAR ID TOXICOLOGICAL CONCERN TTC; THRESHOLD; ANTIOXIDANTS; CHEMICALS; FOOD AB The present report describes a strategy to refine the current Cramer classification of the TTC concept using a broad database (DB) termed TTC RepDose. Cramer classes 1-3 overlap to some extent, indicating a need for a better separation of structural classes likely to be toxic, moderately toxic or of low toxicity. Groups of structurally similar compounds of high toxicity in Cramer class 1 and of moderate to low toxicity in Cramer class 3 were identified and reassigned to the appropriate Cramer class according to their observed toxicological potency in in vivo studies. This refinement results in a better discrimination of Cramer classes 1 and 3 and an increased number of substances in Cramer class 2. The TTC values are 8.7 mu mol/person/d (class 1), 6.72 mu mol/person/d (class 2) and 0.28 mu mol/person/d (class 3). Assuming a median molecular weight of 220 g/mol for the compounds of the TTC RepDose DB, the corresponding TTC values are 1930, 1478 and 63 mu g/person/d for classes 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The derived thresholds are close to the TTC values initially proposed by Munro with 1800, 540 and 90 mu g/person/d for classes 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Additional structural classes are discussed with a view to further refinement of the current Cramer classification scheme. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tluczkiewicz, I.; Mangelsdorf, I.; Escher, S. E.] Fraunhofer Inst Toxicol & Expt Med ITEM, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. [Buist, H. E.] TNO Qual Life, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. [Martin, M. T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Tluczkiewicz, I (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Toxicol & Expt Med ITEM, Nikolai Fuchs Str 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. EM inga.tluczkiewicz@item.fraunhofer.de NR 19 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 61 IS 3 BP 340 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.09.005 PG 11 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 853QV UT WOS:000297441700009 PM 21983430 ER PT J AU Hays, MD Gullett, B King, C Robinson, J Preston, W Touati, A AF Hays, Michael D. Gullett, Brian King, Charly Robinson, James Preston, William Touati, Abderrahmane TI Characterization of Carbonaceous Aerosols Emitted from Outdoor Wood Boilers SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; FIREPLACE COMBUSTION; UNITED-STATES; THERMAL EXTRACTION; PCDD/F; PELLETS; STOVE; GC/MS; PCB AB This study examines the chemical properties of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from different outdoor wood-fired boiler (OWB) technologies including two cord wood heaters, a pellet heater, and a multistage gasifier/combustor. The effect of fuel type [red oak wood (Quercus rubra), white pine wood (Pious strobes)., and red oak with supplementary refuse] on aerosol composition was examined using a classic boiler unit. Aerosol particle emissions were captured using established filter-based sampling methodology and subsequently analyzed using thermal-optical analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. GC-MS was coupled with a novel reduced-volume solvent extraction technique for semivolatile organic compound (SVOC) analysis. GC-MS identified 9% w/w of the aerosol mass emitted from the OWBs on average. The OWB aerosols comprised 1-5% w/w levoglucosan, an important molecular marker of cellulose pyrolysis. Organic acid and methoxyphenol SVOC classes showed the highest average concentrations in the OWB aerosol. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accounted for between 0.1 and 4% w/w of the aerosol mass; PAH emissions from pine wood combustion in the classic OWB were notably high. Each of the original 16 EPA priority PAHs was detected in the OWB PM emissions. Wood combustion in the OWB released significantly more PAH per unit mass of fuel burned than either domestic fireplace or woodstove appliances; although, changes in PAN enrichment (mu g/kg aerosol) among domestic wood combustion aerosols was less certain. Of the OWBs tested, the pellet heater showed the lowest SVOC emissions on a mass of fuel burned basis. However, OWB technology did not always significantly influence the SVOC composition of the particle emissions. C1 [Hays, Michael D.; Gullett, Brian; King, Charly; Robinson, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Preston, William; Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority [10665] FX This work was supported by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority under contract 10665. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 12 BP 5632 EP 5638 DI 10.1021/ef2012694 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 860KF UT WOS:000297946500010 ER PT J AU Magnus, MC Haberg, SE Stigum, H Nafstad, P London, SJ Vangen, S Nystad, W AF Magnus, Maria C. Haberg, Siri E. Stigum, Hein Nafstad, Per London, Stephanie J. Vangen, Siri Nystad, Wenche TI Delivery by Cesarean Section and Early Childhood Respiratory Symptoms and Disorders The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asthma; cesarean section; respiratory sounds; respiratory tract infections ID POPULATION-BASED COHORT; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; WHEEZING PHENOTYPES; ALLERGIC RHINITIS; GUT MICROBIOTA; BIRTH COHORT; ASTHMA; RISK; MODE; PREGNANCY AB Studies have indicated that children delivered by cesarean section are at an increased risk of developing wheezing and asthma. This could be the result of an altered immune system development due to delayed gut colonization or of increased neonatal respiratory morbidity. The authors examined the associations between delivery by cesarean section and the development of wheezing, asthma, and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections in children up to 36 months of age among 37,171 children in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Generalized linear models were used in the multivariable analysis. Children delivered by cesarean section had an increased likelihood of current asthma at 36 months of age (relative risk = 1.17, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.32), and the association was stronger among children of nonatopic mothers (relative risk = 1.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.12, 1.58). No increased risk of wheezing or recurrent lower respiratory tract infections was seen among children delivered by cesarean section. Findings were similar among children delivered by acute and elective cesarean section. In conclusion, children delivered by cesarean section may have an increased risk of current asthma at 36 months, but residual confounding cannot be excluded. In future prospective studies, investigators should reexamine this association in different age groups. C1 [Magnus, Maria C.; Haberg, Siri E.; Stigum, Hein; Nafstad, Per; Vangen, Siri; Nystad, Wenche] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Chron Dis, Div Epidemiol, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Nafstad, Per] Univ Oslo, Dept Gen Practice & Community Med, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway. [London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Vangen, Siri] Natl Hosp Norway, Natl Resource Ctr Womens Hlth, Women & Childrens Div, Oslo Univ Hosp, Oslo, Norway. RP Magnus, MC (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Chron Dis, Div Epidemiol, POB 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. EM maria.christine.magnus@fhi.no OI London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Norwegian Ministry of Health; Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [N01-ES-75558]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Division of Intramural Research) [ES049019]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1 UO1 NS 047537-01]; Norwegian Research Council/FUGE [151918/S10] FX The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (contract N01-ES-75558 and Division of Intramural Research contract ZIA ES049019), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grant 1 UO1 NS 047537-01), and the Norwegian Research Council/FUGE (grant 151918/S10). NR 51 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 11 BP 1275 EP 1285 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr242 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 855UG UT WOS:000297590100010 PM 22038100 ER PT J AU Miller-Schulze, JP Shafer, MM Schauer, JJ Solomon, PA Lantz, J Artamonova, M Chen, B Imashev, S Sverdlik, L Carmichael, GR Deminter, JT AF Miller-Schulze, Justin P. Shafer, Martin M. Schauer, James J. Solomon, Paul A. Lantz, Jeffrey Artamonova, Maria Chen, Boris Imashev, Sanjar Sverdlik, Leonid Carmichael, Greg R. Deminter, Jeff T. TI Characteristics of fine particle carbonaceous aerosol at two remote sites in Central Asia SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Air Quality - Science and Application CY MAR 24-27, 2009 CL Istanbul, TURKEY DE Chemical mass balance; Source apportionment; Carbonaceous aerosol ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; PARTICULATE MATTER; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ELEMENTAL CARBON; SOURCE PROFILES; EMISSIONS; MARKER; DIESEL; GASOLINE; TRENDS AB Central Asia is a relatively understudied region of the world in terms of characterizing ambient particulate matter (PM) and quantifying source impacts of PM at receptor locations, although it is speculated to have an important role as a source region for long-range transport of PM to Eastern Asia, the Pacific Ocean, and the Western United States. PM is of significant interest not only because of its adverse effect on public health but also due to its more recently realized role in climate change. To investigate the sources and characteristics of PM in the region, a series of PM2.5 and PK10 samples were collected on an every-other-day basis at two sites (termed "Bishkek" and "Teploklyuchenka") in the Central Asian nation of the Kyrgyz Republic (also known as Kyrgyzstan) for a full year from July 2008 to July 2009. These samples were analyzed using standard methods for mass, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water-insoluble organic carbon by difference (OC minus WSOC) and a variety of molecular marker chemical species to be used in a chemical mass balance (CMB) model to apportion the sources of DC. These analyses indicate that approximately 19 +/- 6.4% of the PM2.5 mass at both sites throughout the year consists of DC. The carbonaceous component of PM2.5 is dominated by DC, with OC/Total Carbon (TC) ratios being around 0.8 in the winter to almost 0.95 in the summer months. The CMB analysis indicated that mobile sources, i.e., gasoline and diesel engine exhaust, biomass combustion, and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene and alpha-pinene precursors in the summer months were the dominant sources of OC. A strong positive correlation was observed between non-biomass burning WSOC and the un-apportioned OC from the CMB analysis, indicating that some of this un-apportioned OC is WSOC and likely the result of SOA-forming atmospheric processes that were not estimated by the CMB analysis performed. In addition, a comparison of the predominant contributors to OC between the two sites indicates that biomass combustion is a stronger relative source of DC at the Teploklyuchenka site, particularly in the winter, while contributions of isoprene- and alpha-pinene-derived SOA to the measured OC was relatively similar between the sites. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller-Schulze, Justin P.; Shafer, Martin M.; Schauer, James J.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Miller-Schulze, Justin P.; Shafer, Martin M.; Schauer, James J.; Deminter, Jeff T.] Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53718 USA. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Lantz, Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Artamonova, Maria] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Moscow 109017, Russia. [Chen, Boris; Imashev, Sanjar; Sverdlik, Leonid] Kyrgyz Russian Slav Univ, Bishkek 720000, Kyrgyzstan. [Carmichael, Greg R.] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Shafer, MM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, 660 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mmshafer@wisc.edu RI Miller-Schulze, Justin/A-8396-2012; Imashev, Sanjar/I-7667-2016 OI Imashev, Sanjar/0000-0003-3293-3764 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 38 BP 6955 EP 6964 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.026 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 854IT UT WOS:000297488900015 ER PT J AU Howard, SG Heindel, JJ Thayer, KA Porta, M AF Howard, S. G. Heindel, J. J. Thayer, K. A. Porta, M. TI Environmental pollutants and beta cell function: relevance for type 1 and gestational diabetes SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Letter DE Diabetes mellitus type 1; Endocrine disruptors; Environmental pollutants; Gestational diabetes ID MELLITUS C1 [Howard, S. G.] Collaborat Hlth & Environm, Bolinas, CA 94924 USA. [Heindel, J. J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Thayer, K. A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Porta, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Med Res IMIM, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Porta, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Sch Med, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Howard, SG (reprint author), Collaborat Hlth & Environm, POB 316, Bolinas, CA 94924 USA. EM sarhow@gmail.com RI Porta, Miquel/B-5787-2008; OI Porta, Miquel/0000-0003-1684-7428; Howard, Sarah/0000-0001-8925-5517 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 54 IS 12 BP 3168 EP 3169 DI 10.1007/s00125-011-2318-y PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 857SO UT WOS:000297740000025 PM 21947423 ER PT J AU Fann, N Bell, ML Walker, K Hubbell, B AF Fann, Neal Bell, Michelle L. Walker, Katy Hubbell, Bryan TI Improving the Linkages between Air Pollution Epidemiology and Quantitative Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; health impact assessment; risk assessment ID TIME-SERIES; DAILY MORTALITY; OZONE EXPOSURE; US COMMUNITIES; AMBIENT AIR; ASSOCIATION; METAANALYSIS; CITIES AB BACKGROUND: Air pollution epidemiology plays an integral role in both identifying the hazards of air pollution as well as supplying the risk coefficients that are used in quantitative risk assessments. Evidence from both epidemiology and risk assessments has historically supported critical environmental policy decisions. The extent to which risk assessors can properly specify a quantitative risk assessment and characterize key sources of uncertainty depends in part on the availability, and clarity, of data and assumptions in the epidemiological studies. OBJECITVES: We discuss the interests shared by air pollution epidemiology and risk assessment communities in ensuring that the findings of epidemiological studies are appropriately characterized and applied correctly in risk assessments. We highlight the key input parameters for risk assessments and consider how modest changes in the characterization of these data might enable more accurate risk assessments that better represent the findings of epidemiological studies. DISCUSSION: We argue that more complete information regarding the methodological choices and input data used in epidemiological studies would support more accurate risk assessments to the benefit of both disciplines. In particular, we suggest including additional details regarding air quality, demographic, and health data, as well as certain types of data-rich graphics. CONCLUSIONS: Relatively modest changes to the data reported in epidemiological studies will improve the quality of risk assessments and help prevent the misinterpretation and mischaracterization of the results of epidemiological studies. Such changes may also benefit epidemiologists undertaking meta-analyses. We suggest workshops as a way to improve the dialogue between the two communities. C1 [Fann, Neal; Hubbell, Bryan] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bell, Michelle L.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Walker, Katy] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA USA. RP Fann, N (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Fann.Neal@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575; Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 FU U.S. EPA; worldwide motor vehicle industry FX HEI receives about half of its core funds from the U.S. EPA and half from the worldwide motor vehicle industry, although other public and private organizations periodically support special projects or certain research programs. The views expressed in this article do not represent those of HEI or its sponsors. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1671 EP 1675 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103780 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200017 PM 21816702 ER PT J AU Barry, KH Koutros, S Bemdt, SI Andreotti, G Hoppin, JA Sandler, DP Burdette, LA Yeager, M Freeman, LEB Lubin, JH Ma, XM Zheng, TZ Alavanja, MCR AF Barry, Kathryn Hughes Koutros, Stella Bemdt, Sonja I. Andreotti, Gabriella Hoppin, Jane A. Sandler, Dale P. Burdette, Laurie A. Yeager, Meredith Freeman, Laura E. Beane Lubin, Jay H. Ma, Xiaomei Zheng, Tongzhang Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI Genetic Variation in Base Excision Repair Pathway Genes, Pesticide Exposure, and Prostate Cancer Risk SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE DNA repair; gene-environment interactions; pesticide; polymorphisms; prostate cancer ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; DNA-DAMAGE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASSOCIATION; ORGANOPHOSPHATE; COHORT; INSECTICIDES; APPLICATORS; ACTIVATION AB BACKGROUND: Previous research indicates increased prostate cancer risk for pesticide applicators and pesticide manufacturing workers. Although underlying mechanisms are unknown, evidence suggests a role of oxidative DNA damage. OBJECTIVES: Because base excision repair (BER) is the predominant pathway involved in repairing oxidative damage, we evaluated interactions between 39 pesticides and 394 tag single-nudeotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 31 BER genes among 776 prostate cancer cases and 1,444 male controls in a nested case-control study of white Agricultural Health Study (AHS) pesticide applicators. METHODS: We used likelihood ratio tests from logistic regression models to determine p-values for interactions between three-level pesticide exposure variables (none/low/high) and SNPs (assuming a dominant model), and the false discovery rate (FDR) multiple comparison adjustment approach. RESULTS: The interaction between fonofos and rs1983132 in NEIL3 [nei endonuclease VIII-like 3 (Escherichia coli)] which encodes a glycosylase that can initiate BER, was the most significant overall [interaction p-value (p(interact)) = 9.3 x 10(-6); FDR-adjusted p-value = 0.01]. Fonofos exposure was associated with a monotonic increase in prostate cancer risk among men with CT/TT genotypes for rs1983132 [odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for low and high use compared with no use were 1.65 (0.91, 3.01) and 3.25 (1.78, 5.92), respectively], whereas fonofos was not associated with prostate cancer risk among men with the CC genotype. Carbofuran and S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) interacted similarly with rs1983132; however, these interactions did not meet an FDR < 0.2. CONCLUSIONS: Our significant finding regarding fonofos is consistent with previous AHS findings of increased prostate cancer risk with fonofos exposure among those with a family history of prostate cancer. Although requiring replication, our findings suggest a role of BER genetic variation in pesticide-associated prostate cancer risk. C1 [Barry, Kathryn Hughes; Koutros, Stella; Bemdt, Sonja I.; Andreotti, Gabriella; Yeager, Meredith; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Lubin, Jay H.; Alavanja, Michael C. R.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. [Barry, Kathryn Hughes; Ma, Xiaomei; Zheng, Tongzhang] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Burdette, Laurie A.; Yeager, Meredith] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Barry, KH (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, 6120 Executive Blvd,EPS 8111,MSC 7240, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM barrykh@mail.nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Cancer Institute (NCI) [T32 CA105666]; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Z01 CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [Z01ES049030] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (Z01 CP010119), and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES049030), National Institutes of Health. Additionally, support for K.H.B. was provided by NCI grant T32 CA105666. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1726 EP 1732 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103454 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200025 PM 21810555 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR DeVoney, D Jarabek, AM Sonawane, B Wheeler, J Weissman, DN Masten, S Thompson, C AF Gwinn, Maureen R. DeVoney, Danielle Jarabek, Annie M. Sonawane, Babasaheb Wheeler, John Weissman, David N. Masten, Scott Thompson, Claudia TI Meeting Report: Mode(s) of Action of Asbestos and Related Mineral Fibers SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE asbestos; knowledge gaps; mineral fibers; mode of action; research needs ID LIBBY AMPHIBOLE ASBESTOS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; MURINE MACROPHAGES; LUNG-DISEASES; EXPOSURE; CANCER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MUTAGENICITY; EFFUSIONS AB BACKGROUND: Although asbestos in general is well known to cause a range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic human health effects, not all asbestos fiber types have the same disease-causing potential, and the mode of action (MOA) of specific types of asbestos and related fibers for various health outcomes are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: A workshop was held to discuss the state of the science of the MOA for asbestos-related disease. The objective was to review the range of asbestos-induced health effects (including those at sites remote to the respiratory tract). We sought to identify existing knowledge gaps and define what research is needed to address these gaps and advance asbestos research. DISCUSSION: Discussions centered on areas of uncertainty in the field, including the ways asbestos is defined and characterized, the role of different fiber characteristics (e.g., length and mineralogy) in disease, and the impact of low-dose exposures on human health. Studying the dosimetry and mode of action of multiple fiber types would enhance our understanding of asbestos-related disease. To better elucidate the MOA of specific asbestos fibers, the risk assessor requires data as to specific characteristics of asbestos in determining fiber toxicity (e.g., surface area, mineral type), which may inform efforts to assess and control exposures and prevent adverse human health outcomes for the diverse range of fiber types. Specific research aims were defined for these topics and for overarching issues to be addressed, including the use of standardized terminology, test materials, and better experimental models to aid in data extrapolation to humans. CONCLUSION: To resolve these and other issues, participants agreed that diverse scientific disciplines must coordinate to better understand the MOA leading to the various asbestos-related disease end points. C1 [Gwinn, Maureen R.; DeVoney, Danielle; Jarabek, Annie M.; Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wheeler, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weissman, David N.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Masten, Scott] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gwinn.maureen@epa.gov RI masten, scott/R-1403-2016 OI masten, scott/0000-0002-7847-181X FU NIEHS; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) FX This document summarizes the findings from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) workshop (16-17 December 2009, Chapel Hill, NC) supported by NIEHS (National Toxicology Program), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response), he authors ackand the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). Tnowledge all the participants of this workshop for the contribution of their expertise and ideas needed for the success of this workshop. Special thanks are extended to the team leaders and members who drafted the original review documents used as a basis for discussion at this workshop. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1806 EP 1810 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003240 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200037 PM 21807578 ER PT J AU Eisenberg, M AF Eisenberg, Mindy TI Enhancing Public Awareness of Drinking Water Quality SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Drinking Water Protect Branch, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Eisenberg, M (reprint author), US EPA, Drinking Water Protect Branch, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Eisenberg.mindy@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 103 IS 12 BP 22 EP 23 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 857JV UT WOS:000297715700005 ER PT J AU Whitler, J Stormont, C AF Whitler, John Stormont, Caitlin TI Lessons Learned From WARN Tabletop Exercises SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Whitler, John; Stormont, Caitlin] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Whitler, J (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM Whitler.John@epamail.epa.gov; Stormont.Caitlin@epamail.epa.gov NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 103 IS 12 BP 24 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 857JV UT WOS:000297715700006 ER PT J AU Sivaganesan, M Siefring, S Varma, M Haugland, RA AF Sivaganesan, Mano Siefring, Shawn Varma, Manju Haugland, Richard A. TI MPN estimation of qPCR target sequence recoveries from whole cell calibrator samples SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Comparative Ct; Bayesian; Most probable number; qPCR; Target sequences; Calibrator cell equivalents ID RECREATIONAL WATER-QUALITY; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; PROBABLE NUMBER; ILLNESS; STANDARD; BEACHES; ASSAYS; RNA AB DNA extracts from enumerated target organism cells (calibrator samples) have been used for estimating Enterococcus cell equivalent densities in surface waters by a comparative cycle threshold (Ct) qPCR analysis method. To compare surface water Enterococcus density estimates from different studies by this approach, either a consistent source of calibrator cells must be used or the estimates must account for any differences in target sequence recoveries from different sources of calibrator cells. In this report we describe two methods for estimating target sequence recoveries from whole cell calibrator samples based on qPCR analyses of their serially diluted DNA extracts and most probable number (MPN) calculation. The first method employed a traditional MPN calculation approach. The second method employed a Bayesian hierarchical statistical modeling approach and a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) simulation method to account for the uncertainty in these estimates associated with different individual samples of the cell preparations, different dilutions of the DNA extracts and different qPCR analytical runs. The two methods were applied to estimate mean target sequence recoveries per cell from two different lots of a commercially available source of enumerated Enterococcus cell preparations. The mean target sequence recovery estimates (and standard errors) per cell from Lot A and B cell preparations by the Bayesian method were 22.73 (3.4) and 11.76 (2.4), respectively, when the data were adjusted for potential false positive results. Means were similar for the traditional MPN approach which cannot comparably assess uncertainty in the estimates. Cell numbers and estimates of recoverable target sequences in calibrator samples prepared from the two cell sources were also used to estimate cell equivalent and target sequence quantities recovered from surface water samples in a comparative Ct method. Our results illustrate the utility of the Bayesian method in accounting for uncertainty, the high degree of precision attainable by the MPN approach and the need to account for the differences in target sequence recoveries from different calibrator sample cell sources when they are used in the comparative Ct method. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Siefring, Shawn; Varma, Manju; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development, funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. We thank Orin Shanks and Kevin Oshima for their comments. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD DEC PY 2011 VL 87 IS 3 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.09.013 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 859QZ UT WOS:000297892200014 PM 21989298 ER PT J AU Egorov, AI Best, JMB Frebis, CP Karapondo, MS AF Egorov, Andrey I. Best, Jennifer M. Birkenhauer Frebis, Christopher P. Karapondo, Michella S. TI Occurrence of Aeromonas spp. in a random sample of drinking water distribution systems in the USA SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas; chlorine; distribution systems; drinking water ID GENUS AEROMONAS; UNITED-STATES; HYDROPHILA; DIARRHEA; PERSISTENCE; INFECTIONS; RESISTANCE; STRAINS; FIELD AB Aeromonads are aquatic bacteria found in drinking water supplies worldwide. Some species, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, can cause disease in humans. For this survey, 293 United States public water systems were selected using random sampling, stratified by water source and system type. Water samples were collected during one year from three sites (six samples per site) in each system. Temperature, pH, turbidity, total and free chlorine were measured using standard methods. Aeromonads were detected in 130 of 5,042 valid samples (2.6%) from 42 (14.3%) systems using the ampicillin-dextrin agar with vancomycin culture method with oxidase, trehalose and indole confirmation tests. Concentrations of aeromonads in positive samples were 0.2 to 880 (median 1.6) colony-forming units (CFU) per 100 mL. Adjusted odds ratios of Aeromonas detection were 1.6 (95% confidence limits 1.0, 2.5) during the summer season, 3.3 (1.8, 6.2) for turbidity above 0.5 nephelometric units and 9.1 (3.5, 24) at 0 mg/L compared with 0.25 mg/L total chlorine. Geographic region, system size and type of water source were not significant predictors of Aeromonas detection in multivariate regression analysis. The results of this survey demonstrate the importance of maintaining adequate residual chlorine and low turbidity for preventing drinking water contamination with aeromonads. C1 [Best, Jennifer M. Birkenhauer; Frebis, Christopher P.; Karapondo, Michella S.] US EPA, Off Water, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Egorov, Andrey I.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Best, JMB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mail Stop 140, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM best.jennifer@epa.gov FU Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; US Department of Energy; US Environmental Protection Agency FX We would like to thank the water utilities that participated in this study. We would also like to thank the laboratories and individual specialists who analyzed samples for this study. In addition, we would like to thank Dan Hautman, Pat Fair, Kent Sorrell and Cory Wagner for data collection, and Mary Ann Feige, Lois Shadix and Ninnia Lescano for technical assistance with this project, and David Farrar and Sandhya Parshionikar for critical review of this manuscript. This research was supported in part by appointment to the Internship Program at the Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (JB, NL, CW) through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 785 EP 798 DI 10.2166/wh.2011.169 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 855XJ UT WOS:000297599300017 PM 22048437 ER PT J AU Morrice, JA Trebitz, AS Kelly, JR Sierszen, ME Cotter, AM Hollenhorst, T AF Morrice, John A. Trebitz, Anett S. Kelly, John R. Sierszen, Michael E. Cotter, Anne M. Hollenhorst, Tom TI Determining Sources of Water to Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands: A Classification Approach SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Hydrology; Classification; Great Lakes coastal wetland; Nutrients; Land use ID HYDROLOGY; QUALITY; BASIN; INDICATORS; ECOSYSTEMS; RESPONSES; HGM; US AB Water and associated nutrients can enter freshwater and marine coastal wetlands from both watershed and offshore sources. Identifying the relative contribution of these potential sources, and the spatial scale at which sources are influenced by anthropogenic activities, are critical steps in wetland protection and restoration. We developed a hydrology-based classification scheme for Great Lakes coastal wetlands for the purpose of identifying dominant hydrologic influences and water sources. Classes were determined through analysis of data quantifying hydrologic linkages to lake (seiche) and watershed (watershed area, tributary discharge) in 57 wetlands distributed along the U.S. shoreline of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Wetlands were partitioned into four classes of hydrology that were predicted to differ in sources of water. Source water predictions were tested by comparing Chloride (Cl-) concentrations in wetland, lake, and tributary waters of the wetlands in each class. Results confirmed that classification based on quantitative hydrology data was successful in identifying groups of wetlands with similar water sources. Correlations between wetland Cl-, an indicator of anthropogenic disturbance, and agricultural and urban land uses suggest that differences among classes in water sources resulted in differences in the scale at which wetlands were connected to and influenced by landscapes. C1 [Morrice, John A.; Trebitz, Anett S.; Kelly, John R.; Sierszen, Michael E.; Cotter, Anne M.; Hollenhorst, Tom] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Morrice, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM morrice.john@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Field and laboratory assistance was provided by Matthew Able, Melissa Bertelson, John Brazner, Jason Carlson, Tim Corry, Rachel Daw, Colin Ellefson, Colleen Elonen, Brian Hill, Tara Jernell, Terri Jicha, Jennifer Kaser, Michael Knuth, Cory Larson, Greg Peterson, Amber Seys, Steven Skolasinski, Danny Tanner, Marte Thabes, Judy Vee, and Corlis West. We thank Jan Keough, Don Uzarski, and two anonymous reviewers for their thorough and constructive reviews of the manuscript; our collaborators with the Great Lakes Environmental Indicator project; the Bad River Tribe of the Lake Superior Chippewa for permission to sample wetlands on their lands; and the landowners and state agency personnel who helped with wetland access and information. This work was wholly funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been approved for publication after review by EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research laboratory, but the contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1199 EP 1213 DI 10.1007/s13157-011-0232-1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 859GM UT WOS:000297864900018 ER PT J AU Newbold, RR AF Newbold, Retha R. TI Developmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals programs for reproductive tract alterations and obesity later in life SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on The Power of Programming - Developmental Origins of Health and Disease CY MAY 06-08, 2010 CL Univ Munich Med Ctr, Munich, GERMANY SP Early Nutr Acad, European Early Nutr Programming Project, Dev Origins Hlth & Dis Soc, Abbott Nutr Hlth Inst/Abbott Nutr, Danone Baby Nutr/Danone Res, Nestle Nutr Inst, Ferrero MSC GmbH & Co KG, S.A. Beneo Orafti, Biovitrum AB, DSM Nutrit Prod Ltd, Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Labs Ordesa SL, Life Measurement Inc, Martek Corp HO Univ Munich Med Ctr ID BISPHENOL-A; IN-UTERO; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADULT DISEASE; CD-1 MICE; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; MOUSE; ADIPOCYTES; WOMEN AB Many chemicals in the environment, especially those with estrogenic activity, are able to disrupt the programming of endocrine signaling pathways established during development; these chemicals are referred to as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Altered programming can result in numerous adverse consequences in estrogen-target tissues, some of which may not be apparent until later in life. For example, a wide variety of structural, functional, and cellular effects have been identified in reproductive tract tissues. In addition to well-documented reproductive changes, obesity and diabetes have joined the list of adverse effects that have been associated with developmental exposure to environmental estrogens and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Obesity is a significant public health problem reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Experimental animal studies document an association of developmental exposure to environmental estrogens and obesity. For example, a murine model of perinatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol has proven useful in studying mechanisms involved in abnormal programming of differentiating estrogen-target tissues, including reproductive tract tissues and adipocytes. Other environmental estrogens, including the environmental contaminant bisphenol A, have also been linked to reproductive problems and obesity later in life. Epidemiology studies support similar findings in humans, as do studies of cells in culture. Together, these findings suggest new targets for abnormal programming by estrogenic chemicals and provide evidence supporting the scientific concept termed the developmental origins of adult disease. Furthermore, the association of environmental estrogens with obesity and diabetes expands the focus on these diseases from intervention or treatment to include prevention or avoidance of chemical modifiers, especially during critical windows of development. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94(suppl):1939S-42S. C1 [Newbold, Retha R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Newbold, RR (reprint author), 127 Radcliff Circle, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM newbold1@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 53 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1939S EP 1942S DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.001057 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852PA UT WOS:000297368700084 PM 22089436 ER PT J AU Buddemeier, RW Lane, DR Martinich, JA AF Buddemeier, R. W. Lane, Diana R. Martinich, J. A. TI Modeling regional coral reef responses to global warming and changes in ocean chemistry: Caribbean case study SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BLEACHING EVENT; IN-SITU; FUTURE; ECOSYSTEMS; SATELLITE; MORTALITY; SERVICES AB Climatic change threatens the future of coral reefs in the Caribbean and the important ecosystem services they provide. We used a simulation model [Combo ("COral Mortality and Bleaching Output")] to estimate future coral cover in the part of the eastern Caribbean impacted by a massive coral bleaching event in 2005. Combo calculates impacts of future climate change on coral reefs by combining impacts from long-term changes in average sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean acidification with impacts from episodic high temperature mortality (bleaching) events. We used mortality and heat dose data from the 2005 bleaching event to select historic temperature datasets, to use as a baseline for running Combo under different future climate scenarios and sets of assumptions. Results suggest a bleak future for coral reefs in the eastern Caribbean. For three different emissions scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; B1, A1B, and A1FI), coral cover on most Caribbean reefs is projected to drop below 5% by the year 2035, if future mortality rates are equivalent to some of those observed in the 2005 event (50%). For a scenario where corals gain an additional 1-1.5A degrees C of heat tolerance through a shift in the algae that live in the coral tissue, coral cover above 5% is prolonged until 2065. Additional impacts such as storms or anthropogenic damage could result in declines in coral cover even faster than those projected here. These results suggest the need to identify and preserve the locations that are likely to have a higher resiliency to bleaching to save as many remnant populations of corals as possible in the face of projected wide-spread coral loss. C1 [Lane, Diana R.] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. [Buddemeier, R. W.] Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Martinich, J. A.] US EPA, Climate Change Div 6207 J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Lane, DR (reprint author), Stratus Consulting Inc, POB 4059, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. EM dlane@stratusconsulting.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs [GS10F0299K]; Office of Research and Development [R832224] FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs (Contract # GS10F0299K) and Office of Research and Development (STAR Grant #R832224 to P.L. Jokiel). Technical contributions and/or project support were provided by Shawn Saving and Carolyn Wagner; Mark Schoneweis prepared the illustrations. We thank Caroline Rogers for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 71 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 IS 3-4 BP 375 EP 397 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0022-z PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 852IH UT WOS:000297350700009 ER PT J AU Mondala, AH Hernandez, R French, WT Estevez, LA Meckes, M Trillo, M Hall, J AF Mondala, Andro H. Hernandez, Rafael French, W. Todd Estevez, L. Antonio Meckes, Mark Trillo, Marlene Hall, Jacqueline TI Preozonation of primary-treated municipal wastewater for reuse in biofuel feedstock generation SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE ozone; municipal wastewater; kinetics; biofuels ID SECONDARY EFFLUENTS; OZONE DISINFECTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OZONATION; KINETICS; OXIDATION; TECHNOLOGIES AB The results of a laboratory scale investigation on ozone pretreatment of primary-treated municipal wastewater for potential reuse in fermentation processes for the production of biofuels and bio-based feedstock chemicals were presented. Semi-batch preozonation with 3.0% (w/w) ozone at 1 L min-1 resulted into a considerable inactivation of the indigenous heterotrophic bacteria in the wastewater with less than 0.0002% comprising the ozone-resistant fraction of the microbial population. The disinfection process was modeled using first-order inactivation kinetics with a rate constant of 4.39 x 10-3 s-1. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels were reduced by 30% in 1-h experiments. COD depletion was also modeled using a pseudo-first-order kinetics at a rate constant of 9.50 x 10-5 s-1. Biological oxygen demand (BOD5) values were reduced by 60% up to 20 min of ozonation followed by a plateau and some slight increases attributed to partial oxidation of recalcitrant materials. Ozone also had no substantial effect on the concentration of ammonium and phosphate ions, which are essential for microbial growth and metabolism. Preliminary tests indicated that oleaginous microorganisms could be cultivated in the ozonated wastewater, resulting in relatively higher cell densities than in raw wastewater and comparable results with autoclave-sterilized wastewater. This process could potentially produce significant quantities of oil for biofuel production from municipal wastewater streams. (c) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010 C1 [Mondala, Andro H.; Hernandez, Rafael; French, W. Todd; Hall, Jacqueline] Mississippi State Univ, Renewable Fuels & Chem Lab, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Estevez, L. Antonio; Trillo, Marlene] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Meckes, Mark] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hernandez, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Renewable Fuels & Chem Lab, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM rhernandez@che.msstate.edu OI Estevez, L. Antonio/0000-0002-0240-8144 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83361801] FX This article was developed under Cooperative Agreement No. CR-83361801 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA made comments and suggestions on the document intended to improve the scientific analysis and technical accuracy of the document. However, the views expressed in this document are those of Mississippi State University and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 4 BP 666 EP 674 DI 10.1002/ep.10514 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849UL UT WOS:000297150700018 ER PT J AU Chen, BW Arnold, LL Cohen, SM Thomas, DJ Le, XC AF Chen, Baowei Arnold, Lora L. Cohen, Samuel M. Thomas, David J. Le, X. Chris TI Mouse Arsenic (+3 Oxidation State) Methyltransferase Genotype Affects Metabolism and Tissue Dosimetry of Arsenicals after Arsenite Administration in Drinking Water SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE inorganic arsenic; methylation; arsenic(III) methyltransferase; As3mt; mouse; metabolism; biotransformation and toxicokinetics; knockouts; dosimetry; risk assessment ID URINARY-EXCRETION; SODIUM ARSENITE; RAT-BLOOD; METHYLATION; MICE; TOXICITY; ACID; CELLS; LIVER; ACCUMULATION AB Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3mt) catalyzes methylation of inorganic arsenic (iAs) producing a number of methylated arsenic metabolites. Although methylation has been commonly considered a pathway for detoxification of arsenic, some highly reactive methylated arsenicals may contribute to toxicity associated with exposure to inorganic arsenic. Here, adult female wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and female As3mt knockout (KO) mice received drinking water that contained 1, 10, or 25 ppm (mg/l) of arsenite for 33 days and blood, liver, kidney, and lung were taken for arsenic speciation. Genotype markedly affected concentrations of arsenicals in tissues. Summed concentrations of arsenicals in plasma were higher in WT than in KO mice; in red blood cells, summed concentrations of arsenicals were higher in KO than in WT mice. In liver, kidney, and lung, summed concentrations of arsenicals were greater in KO than in WT mice. Although capacity for arsenic methylation is much reduced in KO mice, some mono-, di-, and tri-methylated arsenicals were found in tissues of KO mice, likely reflecting the activity of other tissue methyltransferases or preabsorptive metabolism by the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. These results show that the genotype for arsenic methylation determines the phenotypes of arsenic retention and distribution and affects the dose- and organ-dependent toxicity associated with exposure to inorganic arsenic. C1 [Chen, Baowei; Le, X. Chris] Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Analyt & Environm Toxicol Div, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada. [Arnold, Lora L.; Cohen, Samuel M.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Le, XC (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Analyt & Environm Toxicol Div, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada. EM xc.le@ualberta.ca RI Le, X. Chris/O-4947-2015 OI Le, X. Chris/0000-0002-7690-6701 FU Alberta Health and Wellness; Alberta Water Research Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canadian Water Network; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Alberta Health and Wellness, the Alberta Water Research Institute, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Canadian Water Network, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 124 IS 2 BP 320 EP 326 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr246 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 850TY UT WOS:000297223600008 PM 21934131 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ME AF Gilbert, Mary E. TI Impact of Low-Level Thyroid Hormone Disruption Induced by Propylthiouracil on Brain Development and Function SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hypothyroid; hippocampus; brain development; hypothyroxinemia; learning; long-term potentiation; LTP; dentate gyrus; in vivo ID RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; PERINATAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; SYNAPTIC-TRANSMISSION; IODINE DEFICIENCY; DENTATE GYRUS; NEURAL DEVELOPMENT; ADULT HIPPOCAMPUS; AREA CA1; INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTHYROXINEMIA AB The critical role of thyroid hormone (TH) in brain development is well-established. Evidence shows that severe deficiencies lead to significant neurological dysfunction. Much less information is available on more modest perturbations of TH on brain function. The present study induced varying degrees of developmental hypothyroidism by administration of low doses of the TH synthesis inhibitor, propylthiouracil (PTU 0, 1, 2, and 3 ppm) to the drinking water of pregnant rats. This regimen produced dose-dependent reductions in circulating levels of T4 in dams and offspring on postnatal days (PN) 15 and 22, with return to control levels in adulthood upon termination of treatment at weaning. Modest reductions in T3 were observed in the high-dose group on PN15. Synaptic function in the dentate gyrus was examined in adult euthyroid offspring using in vivo field potentials. Excitatory synaptic transmission (excitatory postsynaptic potential [EPSP] slope amplitude) was significantly reduced at 2 and 3 ppm PTU, with no statistically reliable effect detected in the population spike. Paired-pulse functions estimating the integrity of inhibitory synaptic processing were modestly reduced by 3 ppm PTU. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of the EPSP slope was impaired at all dose levels. Trace fear conditioning to context and to cue was impaired at the highest dose level when a distractor stimulus was present, whereas conditioning in a standard trace fear paradigm paradoxically revealed "enhanced" performance at the intermediate dose and a return to control values in the high-dose group. Biphasic dose-response profiles were evident in some measures (trace fear conditioning and LTP) but not others and serve to exemplify the complexity of the role of TH in brain development and its consequences for brain function. C1 [Gilbert, Mary E.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gilbert, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 05, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilbert.mary@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 44 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 124 IS 2 BP 432 EP 445 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr244 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 850TY UT WOS:000297223600019 PM 21964421 ER PT J AU Samy, S Robinson, J Hays, MD AF Samy, Shar Robinson, James Hays, Michael D. TI An advanced LC-MS (Q-TOF) technique for the detection of amino acids in atmospheric aerosols SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Organic nitrogen; Atmospheric amino acids; Native amino acid detection; Water-soluble organic nitrogen; Atmospheric proteinaceous material Water-soluble organic compounds ID ORGANIC NITROGEN DEPOSITION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FINE PARTICLES PM2.5; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INHERITED DISORDERS; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; BIOLOGICAL INTEREST; FOG WATERS; HYDROLYSIS; MICROWAVE AB Methodology for detection of native (underivatized) amino acids (AA) in atmospheric aerosols has been developed. This article describes the use of LC-MS (Q-TOF) and microwave-assisted gas phase hydrolysis for detection of free and combined amino acids in aerosols collected in a Southeastern U.S. forest environment. Accurate mass detection and the addition of isotopically labeled surrogates prior to sample preparation allows for sensitive quantitation of target AA in a complex aerosol matrix. A total of 16 native AA were detected above the reporting threshold as water-soluble free AA, with an average concentration of 22 +/- 9 ng m(-3) (N = 13). Following microwave-assisted gas phase hydrolysis, the total AA concentration in the forest environment increased significantly (70 +/- 35 ng m(-3)) and additional compounds (methionine, isoleucine) were detected above the reporting threshold. The ability to quantify AA in aerosol samples without derivatization reduces time-consuming preparation procedures while providing the advancement of selective mass determination for important organic nitrogen (ON) species. Details on sample preparation that eliminates the freeze-drying approach typically practiced for water removal with biological samples, and vapor phase microwave hydrolysis parameters are provided. Method application for determination of atmospheric ON is discussed. C1 [Samy, Shar; Robinson, James; Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab NRMRL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab NRMRL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 FU U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors would like to thank John T. Walker and Chris Geron for assistance in sample collection. Additional funding for this research was provided through a U.S. Department of Energy interagency agreement administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 59 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 51 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 401 IS 10 BP 3103 EP 3113 DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5238-2 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 849XY UT WOS:000297159900006 PM 21769550 ER PT J AU Pancras, JP Landis, MS AF Pancras, Joseph Patrick Landis, Matthew S. TI Performance evaluation of modified Semi-continuous Elements in Aerosol Sampler-III SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Collocated precision; Highly time-resolved trace elements; PM2.5; SEAS-III; HR-ICPMS ID HOURLY AMBIENT AEROSOL; PARTICULATE MATTER; PM2.5; PRECISION; COLLECTOR; SULFATE; NITRATE; SYSTEM; SITES; MODEL AB A field study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a Semi-continuous Elements in Aerosol Sampler-III (SEAS-III), designed to collect ambient PM2.5 aerosol samples at a time resolution of 30 min for elemental concentration measurements. Two identical but modified SEAS-Ill samplers were operated for four continuous weeks in Dearborn, MI, during July-August 2007. A total of 2308 samples were collected from the two samplers. Sampling completeness from the primary and duplicate samplers was 90% and 84%, respectively. All of the collected samples were analyzed for dilute acid-extractable trace metal concentrations using HR-ICPMS. A total of 878 collection time-matched sample pairs were available to evaluate whole-system uncertainty from collocated concentration measurements. The collocated precision for the 27 studied elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ge, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Pb, Rb, S, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V. and Zn) varied between 9% and 40%. Twenty elements showed precision better than 25%. Uncertainty estimates from propagation of errors compared well with the whole-system uncertainty values for all minor aerosol elements studied. SEAS-III measurements of As, Cd, Ge, K, La, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Se, Sb, Sr, Ti, V. and Zn correlated well (r > 0.8) with a FRM equivalent PM2.5 integrated filter sampling method. Based on these measurements, collection efficiency of SEAS-III was estimated to be 87 +/- 16%. Solubility of particles in the collection medium (water) was identified as a possible reason for low recovery of Al, Fe, Pb, Sb, and Sn. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pancras, Joseph Patrick] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Landis, Matthew S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pancras, JP (reprint author), Alion Sci & Technol, POB 12313, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jpancras@alionscience.com RI Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014 OI Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065]; Alion Science and Technology; University of Michigan [EP07D000038] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under Contract EP-D-05-065 with Alion Science and Technology and Contract EP07D000038 with the University of Michigan. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 37 BP 6751 EP 6759 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.029 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 846WV UT WOS:000296934800016 ER PT J AU Sikdar, SK AF Sikdar, Subhas K. TI Sustainable consumption and scientific research SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 BP 751 EP 752 DI 10.1007/s10098-011-0422-9 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849KR UT WOS:000297124900001 ER PT J AU Novak, M Moore, JW Leidy, RA AF Novak, Mark Moore, Jonathan W. Leidy, Robert A. TI Nestedness patterns and the dual nature of community reassembly in California streams: a multivariate permutation-based approach SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body size; conservation; disturbance; extinction risk; freshwater stream fishes; invasion risk; metacommunity structure; multivariate gradient analysis; trait-based biogeography ID NULL MODEL ANALYSIS; FRESH-WATER FISHES; COOCCURRENCE PATTERNS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTIONS; INVASIONS; DIVERSITY; SUBSETS; BIODIVERSITY AB Many factors contribute to the nonrandom processes of extinctions and invasions that are changing the structure of ecological communities worldwide. These factors include the attributes of the species, their abiotic environment, and the interactions and feedbacks between them. The relative importance of these factors has been difficult to quantify. We used nested subset theory and a novel permutation-based extension of gradient analysis to disentangle the direct and indirect pathways by which these factors affect the metacommunity structure of freshwater fishes inhabiting the streams tributary to the San Francisco Bay. Our analyses provide quantitative measures of how species and stream attributes may influence extinction vulnerability and invasion risk, highlight the need for considering the multiple interacting drivers of community change concurrently, and indicate that the ongoing disassembly and assembly of Bay Area freshwater fish communities are not fully symmetric processes. Fish communities are being taken apart and put back together in only partially analogous trajectories of extinction and invasion for which no single explanatory hypothesis is sufficient. Our study thereby contributes to the forecasting of continued community change and its effects on the functioning of freshwater ecosystems. C1 [Novak, Mark; Moore, Jonathan W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Moore, Jonathan W.] Dept Biol, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Leidy, Robert A.] US EPA, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Novak, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM mnovak1@ucsc.edu RI Novak, Mark/E-2194-2012 FU USGS Western Ecological Research Center; freshwater ecology research group at UCSC FX We thank P. Guimaraes Jr. and J. Byrnes for their insights, R. Thill and R. Terry for assistance in compiling the databases, P. L. Fiedler and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript, and the numerous individuals who assisted with the field surveys. MN acknowledges the support of the USGS Western Ecological Research Center and the freshwater ecology research group at UCSC. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 3714 EP 3723 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02482.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 843XN UT WOS:000296710600016 ER PT J AU Wright, JM Hoffman, CS Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ Savitz, DA AF Wright, J. Michael Hoffman, Caroline S. Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. Savitz, David A. TI The Effect of Swimming During Pregnancy on Fetal Growth SO WATER QUALITY EXPOSURE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Birth weight; Swimming; Recreational exercise; Physical activity; Pregnancy; Epidemiology AB Some epidemiological studies have shown a protective effect of exercise on risk of adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes, but few studies have examined the potential benefit of specific recreational activities such as swimming during pregnancy. Using 1,854 births enrolled from 2000-2004 in a prospective cohort study across three study sites in the United States, we examined swimming reported during pregnancy in relation to birth weight. We used linear regression to examine the relationship between swimming and mean birth weight. Based on self-reported data collected at 20-24 weeks of gestation, 12% reported swimming during this time period. Although we saw a large unadjusted increase in mean birth weight (108 grams; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10, 205) among those swimming more than 1 hour/week relative to nonswimmers, the results (26 grams; 95% CI: -68, 120) were attenuated following adjustment for confounding, principally due to maternal race/ethnicity, maternal education and mean household income. Consistent with previous prospective cohort studies from the United Kingdom and Denmark, our data suggest that swimming during pregnancy is at most associated with a small increase in mean birth weight. C1 [Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hoffman, Caroline S.] NIEHS, Div Extramural Res & Training, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Savitz, David A.] Brown Univ, Dept Community Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Savitz, David A.] Brown Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Wright, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wright.michael@epa.gov RI Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/C-3914-2017 OI Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/0000-0001-9461-7981 FU AWWA Research Foundation (AwwaRF) [2579]; U.S. EPA [CR825625-01, CR827268-01, CR828216-01] FX The study was supported by the AWWA Research Foundation (AwwaRF: Project 2579) and the U.S. EPA under Cooperative Agreement Nos. CR825625-01, CR827268-01, and CR828216-01. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-1658 EI 1876-1666 J9 WATER QUAL EXPOS HEA JI Water Qual. Expos. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3-4 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1007/s12403-011-0057-4 PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA V35HP UT WOS:000209141300008 ER PT J AU Guyatt, GH Oxman, AD Montori, V Vist, G Kunz, R Brozek, J Alonso-Coello, P Djulbegovic, B Atkins, D Falck-Ytter, Y Williams, JW Meerpohl, J Norris, SL Akl, EA Schunemann, HJ AF Guyatt, Gordon H. Oxman, Andrew D. Montori, Victor Vist, Gunn Kunz, Regina Brozek, Jan Alonso-Coello, Pablo Djulbegovic, Ben Atkins, David Falck-Ytter, Yngve Williams, John W., Jr. Meerpohl, Joerg Norris, Susan L. Akl, Elie A. Schuenemann, Holger J. TI GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence-publication bias SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GRADE; Quality of evidence; Publication bias; Funnel plot; Conflict of interest; Pharmaceutical industry ID CLINICAL-TRIAL REGISTRATION; ESTIMATING EFFECT SIZE; GRAPHICAL TEST; FUNNEL PLOT; PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY; DUPLICATE PUBLICATION; EMPIRICAL-EVALUATION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; METAANALYSIS; DRUG AB In the GRADE approach, randomized trials start as high-quality evidence and observational studies as low-quality evidence, but both can be rated down if a body of evidence is associated with a high risk of publication bias. Even when individual studies included in best-evidence summaries have a low risk of bias, publication bias can result in substantial overestimates of effect. Authors should suspect publication bias when available evidence comes from a number of small studies, most of which have been commercially funded. A number of approaches based on examination of the pattern of data are available to help assess publication bias. The most popular of these is the funnel plot; all, however, have substantial limitations. Publication bias is likely frequent, and caution in the face of early results, particularly with small sample size and number of events, is warranted. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Guyatt, Gordon H.; Brozek, Jan; Schuenemann, Holger J.] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Guyatt, Gordon H.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Oxman, Andrew D.; Vist, Gunn] Norwegian Knowledge Ctr Hlth Serv, N-0130 Oslo, Norway. [Montori, Victor] Mayo Clin, Knowledge & Encounter Res Unit, Rochester, MN USA. [Kunz, Regina] Univ Basel Hosp, Basel Inst Clin Epidemiol, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Alonso-Coello, Pablo] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Iberoamer Cochrane Ctr, Serv Epidemiol Clin & Salud Publ, Barcelona 08041, Spain. [Alonso-Coello, Pablo] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp St Pau, CIBERESP, Barcelona 08041, Spain. [Djulbegovic, Ben] Univ S Florida, Ctr Evidence Based Med & Hlth Outcomes Res, Tampa, FL USA. [Djulbegovic, Ben] H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Hematol, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Djulbegovic, Ben] H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Hlth Outcomes & Behav, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Atkins, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, QUERI Program, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Case & VA Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Williams, John W., Jr.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham VA Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Meerpohl, Joerg] Univ Med Ctr Freiburg, German Cochrane Ctr, Inst Med Biometry & Med Informat, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Meerpohl, Joerg] Univ Med Ctr Freiburg, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Div Pediat Hematol & Oncol, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Norris, Susan L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Clin Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Akl, Elie A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Guyatt, GH (reprint author), Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, CLARITY Res Grp, Room 2C12,1200 Main St, W Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. EM guyatt@mcmaster.ca RI Djulbegovic, Benjamin/I-3661-2012; Meerpohl, Joerg/J-4224-2013; OI Djulbegovic, Benjamin/0000-0003-0671-1447; Meerpohl, Joerg/0000-0002-1333-5403; Montori, Victor/0000-0003-0595-2898 NR 48 TC 302 Z9 310 U1 5 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 64 IS 12 BP 1277 EP 1282 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 847TI UT WOS:000296995000005 PM 21802904 ER PT J AU Guyatt, GH Oxman, AD Sultan, S Glasziou, P Akl, EA Alonso-Coello, P Atkins, D Kunz, R Brozek, J Montori, V Jaeschke, R Rind, D Dahm, P Meerpohl, J Vist, G Berliner, E Norris, S Falck-Ytter, Y Murad, MH Schunemann, HJ AF Guyatt, Gordon H. Oxman, Andrew D. Sultan, Shahnaz Glasziou, Paul Akl, Elie A. Alonso-Coello, Pablo Atkins, David Kunz, Regina Brozek, Jan Montori, Victor Jaeschke, Roman Rind, David Dahm, Philipp Meerpohl, Joerg Vist, Gunn Berliner, Elise Norris, Susan Falck-Ytter, Yngve Murad, M. Hassan Schuenemann, Holger J. CA GRADE Working Grp TI GRADE guidelines: 9. Rating up the quality of evidence SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GRADE; Guidelines; Level of evidence; Observational studies; Large effects; Risk of bias ID VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; THERAPY; PREVENTION; PACEMAKER; SEROCONVERSION; ASSOCIATION; MULTICENTER; MORTALITY; DISEASE AB The most common reason for rating up the quality of evidence is a large effect. GRADE suggests considering rating up quality of evidence one level when methodologically rigorous observational studies show at least a two-fold reduction or increase in risk, and rating up two levels for at least a five-fold reduction or increase in risk. Systematic review authors and guideline developers may also consider rating up quality of evidence when a dose-response gradient is present, and when all plausible confounders or biases would decrease an apparent treatment effect, or would create a spurious effect when results suggest no effect. Other considerations include the rapidity of the response, the underlying trajectory of the condition, and indirect evidence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Guyatt, Gordon H.] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, CLARITY Res Grp, W Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Guyatt, Gordon H.; Jaeschke, Roman; Schuenemann, Holger J.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, W Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Oxman, Andrew D.; Vist, Gunn] Norwegian Knowledge Ctr Hlth Serv, N-0130 Oslo, Norway. [Sultan, Shahnaz] Univ Florida, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Glasziou, Paul] Bond Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Ctr Res Evidence Based Practice, Gold Coast, Qld 4229, Australia. [Akl, Elie A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alonso-Coello, Pablo] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Iberoamer Cochrane Ctr, Serv Epidemiol Clin & Salud Publ, Barcelona 08041, Spain. [Alonso-Coello, Pablo] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp St Pau, CIBERESP, Barcelona 08041, Spain. [Atkins, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, QUERI Program, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kunz, Regina] Univ Basel Hosp, Acad Swiss Insurance Med, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Kunz, Regina] Univ Basel Hosp, Basel Inst Clin Epidemiol, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Montori, Victor; Murad, M. Hassan] Mayo Clin, Knowledge & Encounter Res Unit, Rochester, MN USA. [Rind, David] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Rind, David] UpToDate, Boston, MA USA. [Dahm, Philipp] Univ Florida, Dept Urol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Meerpohl, Joerg] Univ Med Ctr Freiburg, Inst Med Biometry & Med Informat, German Cochrane Ctr, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Meerpohl, Joerg] Univ Med Ctr Freiburg, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Div Pediat Hematol & Oncol, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Berliner, Elise] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Outcomes & Evidence, Technol Assessment Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Norris, Susan] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Clin Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve] Case Western Reserve Univ, Div Gastroenterol, Case & VA Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Guyatt, GH (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, CLARITY Res Grp, Room 2C12,1200 Main St, W Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. EM guyatt@mcmaster.ca RI Meerpohl, Joerg/J-4224-2013; Glasziou, Paul/A-7832-2008; OI Meerpohl, Joerg/0000-0002-1333-5403; Glasziou, Paul/0000-0001-7564-073X; Murad, Mohammad Hassan/0000-0001-5502-5975; Montori, Victor/0000-0003-0595-2898 NR 28 TC 239 Z9 245 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 64 IS 12 BP 1311 EP 1316 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.06.004 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 847TI UT WOS:000296995000009 PM 21802902 ER PT J AU Kitchin, KT Prasad, RY Wallace, K AF Kitchin, Kirk T. Prasad, Raju Y. Wallace, Kathleen TI Oxidative stress studies of six TiO2 and two CeO2 nanomaterials: Immuno-spin trapping results with DNA SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterial; TiO2; CeO2; immuno-spin trapping; oxidative stress ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; RADICALS; PHOTOACTIVATION; STRATEGIES; TOXICITY; SAFETY; DAMAGE; CELLS AB Six TiO2 and two CeO2 nanomaterials with dry sizes ranging from 6-410 nm were tested for their ability to cause DNA centered free radicals in vitro in the concentration range of 10-3,000 ug/ml. All eight of the nanomaterials significantly increased the adduction of the spin trap agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyroline N-oxide (DMPO) to DNA as measured by the experimental technique of immuno-spin trapping. The eight nanomaterials differed considerably in their potency, slope, and active concentration. The largest increase in DNA nitrone adducts was caused by a TiO2 nanomaterial (25 nm, anatase) from Alfa Aesar. Some nanomaterials that increased the amount of DNA nitrone adducts at the lowest exposure concentrations (100 ug/ml) were Degussa TiO2 (31 nm), Alfa Aesar TiO2 (25 nm, anatase) and Nanoamor CeO2 (8 nm, cerianite). At exposure concentrations of 10 or 30 ug/ml, no nanomaterials showed significant in vitro formation of DNA nitrone adducts. C1 [Kitchin, Kirk T.; Prasad, Raju Y.; Wallace, Kathleen] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kitchin, KT (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kitchin.kirk@epa.gov NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1743-5390 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 546 EP 556 DI 10.3109/17435390.2010.539711 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA 842WS UT WOS:000296633100008 PM 21142840 ER PT J AU Kimbrough, S Vallero, DA Shores, RC Mitchell, W AF Kimbrough, Sue Vallero, Daniel A. Shores, Richard C. Mitchell, William TI Enhanced, multi criteria based site selection to measure mobile source toxic air pollutants SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mobile source air pollution; Geographic information systems; Air toxics AB A multi-criteria-based site selection process that was developed for the Las Vegas near-road study is used to select the most appropriate near-road measurement sites in the Detroit area. The study measures particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <= 2.5 mu m and mobile source air toxic compounds, and to document the rationale for selecting or rejecting specific sites. An application of this multi-criteria decision analysis may be the recent US Environmental Protection Agency rule requiring the siting of NO(2) monitors within 50 m of major roads as well as siting for the measurement of community-wide NO(2) concentrations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kimbrough, Sue; Vallero, Daniel A.; Shores, Richard C.; Mitchell, William] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kimbrough, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kimbrough.sue@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 16 IS 8 BP 586 EP 590 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2011.07.003 PG 5 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 843SL UT WOS:000296692800003 ER PT J AU Job, C AF Job, Charles TI Trends in Groundwater System Compliance SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article C1 US EPA, Off Groundwater & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Job, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Groundwater & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 31 IS 1 BP 40 EP 44 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01327.x PG 5 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 723DR UT WOS:000287487000002 ER PT J AU Pyke, C Warren, MP Johnson, T LaGro, J Scharfenberg, J Groth, P Freed, R Schroeer, W Main, E AF Pyke, Christopher Warren, Meredith P. Johnson, Thomas LaGro, James, Jr. Scharfenberg, Jeremy Groth, Philip Freed, Randall Schroeer, William Main, Eric TI Assessment of low impact development for managing stormwater with changing precipitation due to climate change SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Site planning; Land use; Climate scenarios; Impacts; Management ID EMERGING RESEARCH AGENDAS; LAND-USE; QUALITY; MANAGEMENT; STREAMS; HOT AB Evidence suggests that built environments will need to function under climatic conditions different from the recent past. Observed warming temperatures and changes in precipitation already suggest that historical observations and personal experience may not be reliable guides to future conditions. Yet, uncertainties remain about future climatic conditions, particularly at local and regional scales where land use planning decisions are made. Faced with this uncertainty, responding to climate change will require identifying key vulnerabilities of the built environment and developing adaptive strategies for reducing the risk of harmful impacts. One area of potential vulnerability is stormwater management. Increased precipitation due to climate change could exacerbate the impairment of surface waters due to increases in stormwater runoff. This study considers the potential effectiveness of low impact development, specifically compact development with decreased impervious cover, for reducing stormwater impacts on surface water under changing precipitation patterns. The study location is a redevelopment project south of Boston, MA, USA. A simple stormwater model. SGWATER, is used to assess the sensitivity of stormwater runoff and pollutant loads to changes in impervious cover, precipitation volume, and event intensity. Simulation results suggest that when expressed on a constant percent basis, stormwater runoff is most sensitive to changes in site impervious cover, followed by changes in precipitation volume and event intensity. The study illustrates, in a simple but quantitative way, the potential benefits of a common low impact development practice for increasing the resilience of communities to changing precipitation patterns. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pyke, Christopher; Warren, Meredith P.; Johnson, Thomas] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [LaGro, James, Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scharfenberg, Jeremy] ICF Int, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Groth, Philip] ICF Int, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Freed, Randall; Schroeer, William] ICE Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Main, Eric] Criter Planners, Portland, OR 97209 USA. RP Pyke, C (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW 8601P, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM cpyke@usgbc.org; Warren.Meredith@epa.gov; Johnson.Thomas@epa.gov; jalaGro@wisc.edu; JScharfenberg@icfi.com; PGroth@icfi.com; RFreed@icfi.com; wschroeer@smartgrowthamerica.org; eric.c.main@state.or.us RI Gao, Cheng/H-6332-2011; Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014 NR 41 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 8 U2 123 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV 30 PY 2011 VL 103 IS 2 BP 166 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.07.006 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 843OW UT WOS:000296682800006 ER PT J AU Yang, GX Bowling, LC Cherkauer, KA Pijanowski, BC AF Yang, Guoxiang Bowling, Laura C. Cherkauer, Keith A. Pijanowski, Bryan C. TI The impact of urban development on hydrologic regime from catchment to basin scales SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Effective impervious area; Spatial metrics; Flood frequency curve; Isochrone zone; Routing model; Variable Infiltration Capacity model ID EFFECTIVE IMPERVIOUS AREA; DISTRIBUTED MODEL; UNITED-STATES; UPPER MIDWEST; RUNOFF; URBANIZATION; PATTERNS; INDIANA; FLOODS; COVER AB This study examines the role of urban spatial development on hydrologic response at both catchment (sub-grid) and river basin (between grid) scales in central Indiana. At the catchment scale, effective impervious area (EIA) was estimated using high density urban area and the patch size of low density urban area. The impact of urban spatial arrangement on floods was investigated using the estimated EIA for the entire White River basin, Indiana, as input to the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model with urban representation. A geographic information systems (GIS)-based routing scheme was introduced to the VIC model to route the total runoff. Seven theoretical scenarios were developed with equal urban area distributed in different isochrone zones. For return periods up to and including 100-year, the flood peaks at the basin outlet are largest if the travel time from urban cells is approximate to the mode of all pixels' travel time (plus the time for runoff rate to reach its maximum in a storm event) of the basin. Flood peaks tend to be smaller and arrive earlier with urbanization if development occurs in areas with shorter travel time, so the largest impacts of urbanization are not necessarily seen immediately downstream of the development. This research demonstrated that the spatial pattern of urban development can affect the hydrologic regime by influencing the hydrologic connectivity of urban area at a catchment scale, while at the river basin scale it is the travel time of urban location that controls flood patterns. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Guoxiang; Bowling, Laura C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cherkauer, Keith A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pijanowski, Bryan C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Yang, GX (reprint author), US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Yang.Gavin@epa.gov; bowling@purdue.edu; cherkaue@purdue.edu; bpijanow@purdue.edu RI Yang, Guoxiang/I-5619-2012; Bowling, Laura/B-6963-2013; Cherkauer, Keith/D-6510-2014 OI Bowling, Laura/0000-0002-1439-3154; Cherkauer, Keith/0000-0002-6938-5303 FU NASA [NNG06GC40G] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the NASA land cover land use change program (Grant NNG06GC40G). The manuscript was improved by the insightful comments and suggestions of three anonymous reviewers. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 8 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV 30 PY 2011 VL 103 IS 2 BP 237 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.08.003 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 843OW UT WOS:000296682800013 ER PT J AU Scollon, EJ Starr, JM Crofton, KM Wolansky, MJ DeVito, MJ Hughes, MF AF Scollon, Edward J. Starr, James M. Crofton, Kevin M. Wolansky, Marcelo J. DeVito, Michael J. Hughes, Michael F. TI Correlation of tissue concentrations of the pyrethroid bifenthrin with neurotoxicity in the rat SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bifenthrin; Motor activity; Brain concentrations; Blood concentrations ID ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; DELTAMETHRIN; INSECTICIDES; TOXICITY; AGE; CYPERMETHRIN; TOXICOLOGY; INJECTION; PLASMA AB The potential for human exposure to pyrethroid pesticides has prompted pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic research to better characterize risk. This work tested the hypothesis that blood and brain concentrations of the pyrethroid bifenthrin are predictive of neurotoxic effects. Adult male Long Evans rats received a single oral dose of bifenthrin dissolved in corn oil. Using figure-eight mazes, motor activity was measured for 1 h at 4- and 7-h following exposure to bifenthrin (0-16 mg/kg or 0-9 mg/kg, respectively; n = 4-8/group). Whole blood and brains were collected immediately following motor activity assays. Bifenthrin concentrations in blood and brain were quantified using HPLC/MS/MS. Bifenthrin exposure decreased motor activity from 20% to 70% in a dose-dependent manner at both time points. The relationship between motor activity data and administered dose, and blood and brain bifenthrin concentrations were described using a sigmoidal E(max) model. The relationships between motor activity and administered dose or blood concentrations were different between the 4- and 7-h time points. The relationship between motor activity and brain concentration was not significantly different between the two time points. These data suggest that momentary brain concentration of bifenthrin may be a more precise dose metric for predicting behavioral effects because the relationship between brain concentration and locomotor activity is independent of the time of exposure. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Scollon, Edward J.; Crofton, Kevin M.; DeVito, Michael J.; Hughes, Michael F.] US Environm Protect Agcy Res Triangle Pk, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Starr, James M.] US Environm Protect Agcy Res Triangle Pk, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wolansky, Marcelo J.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP DeVito, MJ (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy Res Triangle Pk, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM devitom@niehs.nih.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX M.J.W. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency while performing this work. Intramural resources of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency also provided funding. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 290 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2011.08.002 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 843SN UT WOS:000296693000001 PM 21854826 ER PT J AU Green, ML Singh, AV Ruest, LB Pisano, MM Prough, RA Knudsen, TB AF Green, M. L. Singh, A. V. Ruest, L. B. Pisano, M. M. Prough, R. A. Knudsen, T. B. TI Differential programming of p53-deficient embryonic cells during rotenone block SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE p53; Mitochondria; Rotenone; miRNA; Embryo; MEF; Mouse ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR P53; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA DEPLETION; OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; RESPIRATION; APOPTOSIS; BINDING; ACTIVATION; MICRORNAS; MOUSE AB Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in chemical toxicities. The present study used an in vitro model to investigate the differential expression of metabolic pathways during cellular stress in p53-efficient embryonic fibroblasts compared to p53-deficient cells. These cell lines differed with respect to NADH/NAD(+) balance. This ratio constitutes a driving force for NAD- and NADH-dependent reactions and is inversed upon exposure to Rotenone (complex I inhibitor). Rotenone perturbed the structure of the elongated fibrillar tubulin network and decreased mRNA expression of tubulin genes both suggesting reprogramming and reorganization of the cytoskeleton in both cell lines. These changes were reflected in the abundance of specific mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) species as determined from genome-based analysis. Changes in mRNA and miRNA expression profiles reflected differences in energy utilizing pathways, consistent with the notion that the p53 pathway influences the cellular response to mitochondrial dysfunction and that at least some control may be embedded within specific mRNA/miRNA networks in embryonic cells. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Green, M. L.; Singh, A. V.; Pisano, M. M.; Knudsen, T. B.] Univ Louisville, Dept Mol Cellular & Craniofacial Biol, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. [Singh, A. V.] Syngenta Biotechnol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ruest, L. B.] Baylor Coll Dent, Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biomed Sci, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. [Green, M. L.; Prough, R. A.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. [Knudsen, T. B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Green, ML (reprint author), Merck & Co Inc, WP 45-120 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486 USA. EM maia.green@merck.com RI Singh, Amar/K-4400-2013 OI Singh, Amar/0000-0003-3780-8233 FU NIH [RO1-AA13205, RO-1ES09120, T32-ES07282]; University of Louisville Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine FX This research was supported by the NIH grants RO1-AA13205, RO-1ES09120 and T32-ES07282 and a pilot grant from the University of Louisville Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 290 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2011.08.013 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 843SN UT WOS:000296693000005 PM 21893155 ER PT J AU Tong, HY Rappold, AG Diaz-Sanchez, D Hinderliter, A Steck, SE Cascio, WE Devlin, RB Samet, JM AF Tong, Haiyan Rappold, Ana G. Diaz-Sanchez, David Hinderliter, Alan Steck, Susan E. Cascio, Wayne E. Devlin, Robert B. Samet, James M. TI Fish Oil And Olive Oil Supplements Attenuate The Adverse Cardiovascular Effects Of Concentrated Ambient Air Pollution Particles In Healthy Middle-Aged Adult Human Volunteers SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Fish oils; Air pollution; Heart rate/Heart rate variability; Lipids; Endothelial function C1 [Tong, Haiyan; Rappold, Ana G.; Diaz-Sanchez, David; Cascio, Wayne E.; Devlin, Robert B.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hinderliter, Alan] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Steck, Susan E.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A15654 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738707144 ER PT J AU Li, PL Pugach, EK Riley, EB Panigrahy, D Heffner, GC Bowman, TV Tamplin, OJ McKinney-Freeman, S Schlaeger, TM Daley, GQ Zeldin, DC Zon, LI AF Li, Pulin Pugach, Emily K. Riley, Elizabeth B. Panigrahy, Dipak Heffner, Garrett C. Bowman, Teresa V. Tamplin, Owen J. McKinney-Freeman, Shannon Schlaeger, Thprsten M. Daley, George Q. Zeldin, Darryl C. Zon, Leonard I. TI Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids Regulate Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Fate Decision During Stress Response and Embryonic Hematopoiesis SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Daley, George Q.; Zon, Leonard I.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Stem Cell Program, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Daley, George Q.; Zon, Leonard I.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Hematol Oncol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA USA. [McKinney-Freeman, Shannon] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 392 EP 393 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597101131 ER PT J AU Kleinstreuer, NC Smith, AM West, PR Conard, KR Fontaine, BR Weir-Hauptman, AM Palmer, JA Knudsen, TB Dix, DJ Donley, ELR Cezar, GG AF Kleinstreuer, N. C. Smith, A. M. West, P. R. Conard, K. R. Fontaine, B. R. Weir-Hauptman, A. M. Palmer, J. A. Knudsen, T. B. Dix, D. J. Donley, E. L. R. Cezar, G. G. TI Identifying developmental toxicity pathways for a subset of ToxCast chemicals using human embryonic stem cells and metabolomics SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Developmental toxicity; Human embryonic stem cells; Metabolomics; Predictive model ID VITRO EMBRYOTOXICITY TESTS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; PHARMACOKINETICS; ACID; IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE; SERUM; TRANSPLANTATION AB Metabolomics analysis was performed on the supernatant of human embryonic stem (hES) cell cultures exposed to a blinded subset of 11 chemicals selected from the chemical library of EPA's ToxCast (TM) chemical screening and prioritization research project. Metabolites from hES cultures were evaluated for known and novel signatures that may be indicative of developmental toxicity. Significant fold changes in endogenous metabolites were detected for 83 putatively annotated mass features in response to the subset of ToxCast chemicals. The annotations were mapped to specific human metabolic pathways. This revealed strong effects on pathways for nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism pathways. Predictivity for adverse outcomes in mammalian prenatal developmental toxicity studies used ToxRefDB and other sources of information, including Stemina Biomarker Discovery's predictive DevTox (R) model trained on 23 pharmaceutical agents of known developmental toxicity and differing potency. The model initially predicted developmental toxicity from the blinded ToxCast compounds in concordance with animal data with 73% accuracy. Retraining the model with data from the unblinded test compounds at one concentration level increased the predictive accuracy for the remaining concentrations to 83%. These preliminary results on all-chemical subset of the ToxCast chemical library indicate that metabolomics analysis of the hES secretome provides information valuable for predictive modeling and mechanistic understanding of mammalian developmental toxicity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kleinstreuer, N. C.; Knudsen, T. B.; Dix, D. J.] US EPA, NCCT, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Smith, A. M.; West, P. R.; Conard, K. R.; Fontaine, B. R.; Palmer, J. A.; Donley, E. L. R.; Cezar, G. G.] Stemina Biomarker Discovery Inc, Madison, WI 53719 USA. [Cezar, G. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weir-Hauptman, A. M.] Covance Inc, Madison, WI 53704 USA. RP Kleinstreuer, NC (reprint author), US EPA, NCCT, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kleinstreuer.nicole@epa.gov OI Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 FU National Science Foundation [IIP-1058355] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the collaborators of the ToxCast project for their assistance. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. IIP-1058355. NR 60 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 257 IS 1 BP 111 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.08.025 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 855YV UT WOS:000297603100013 PM 21925528 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ AF Ghio, Andrew J. TI PARTICULATE MATTER AND DISEASE Effects of particulate matter from global burning of biomass SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID IRON HOMEOSTASIS C1 US EPA, Human Studies Facil, Chapel Hill, NC 27799 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27799 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 343 AR d7307 DI 10.1136/bmj.d7307 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 854LU UT WOS:000297497000009 PM 22089738 ER PT J AU Schoen, ME Ashbolt, NJ AF Schoen, Mary E. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI An in-premise model for Legionella exposure during showering events SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Risk; Hot water system; Plumbing; Biofilm; Legionella; Protozoa; Exposure ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; HOT-WATER; ACANTHAMOEBA-CASTELLANII; MONITORING LEGIONELLA; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; DRINKING-WATER; PNEUMOPHILA; BIOFILMS; BACTERIA; RISK AB An exposure model was constructed to predict the critical Legionella densities in an engineered water system that result in infection from inhalation of aerosols containing the pathogen while showering. The model predicted the Legionella densities in the shower air, water and in-premise plumbing biofilm that might result in a deposited dose of Legionella in the alveolar region of the lungs associated with infection for a routine showering event. Processes modeled included the detachment of biofilm-associated Legionella from the inpremise plumbing biofilm during a showering event, the partitioning of the pathogen from the shower water to the air, and the inhalation and deposition of particles in the lungs. The range of predicted critical Legionella densities in the air and water was compared to the available literature. The predictions were generally within the limited set of observations for air and water, with the exception of Legionella density within in-premise plumbing biofilms, for which there remains a lack of observations for comparison. Sensitivity analysis of the predicted results to possible changes in the uncertain input parameters identified the target deposited dose associated with infections, the pathogen air water partitioning coefficient, and the quantity of detached biofilm from in-premise pluming surfaces as important parameters for additional data collection. In addition, the critical density of free-living protozoan hosts in the biofilm required to propagate the infectious Legionella was estimated. Together, this evidence can help to identify critical conditions that might lead to infection derived from pathogens within the biofilms of any plumbing system from which humans may be exposed to aerosols. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schoen, Mary E.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Schoen, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM schoen.mary@epa.gov NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 45 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 18 BP 5826 EP 5836 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.031 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 845MG UT WOS:000296826200002 PM 21924754 ER PT J AU Qian, YR Kamel, A Stafford, C Nguyen, T Chism, WJ Dawson, J Smith, CW AF Qian, Yaorong Kamel, Alaa Stafford, Charles Thuy Nguyen Chism, William J. Dawson, Jeffrey Smith, Charles W. TI Evaluation of the Permeability of Agricultural Films to Various Fumigants SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; METHYL-BROMIDE EMISSION; PLASTIC FILMS; CHLOROPICRIN EMISSIONS; IMPERMEABLE FILM; SOIL FUMIGANTS; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; TEMPERATURE; VOLATILIZATION; DEGRADATION AB A variety of agricultural films are commercially available for managing emissions and enhancing pest control during soil fumigation. These films are manufactured using different materials and processes which can ultimately result in different permeability to fumigants. A systematic laboratory study of the permeability of the agricultural films to nine fumigants was conducted to evaluate the performance of commonly used film products, including polyethylene, metalized, and high-barrier films. The permeability, as expressed by mass transfer coefficient (cm/h), of 27 different films from 13 manufacturers ranged from below 1 x 10(-4) cm/h to above 10 cm/h at 25 degrees C under ambient relative humidity test conditions. The wide range in permeability of commercially available films demonstrates the need to use films which are appropriate for the fumigation application. The effects of environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, on the film permeability were also investigated. It was found that high relative humidity could drastically increase the permeability of the high-barrier films. The permeability of some high-barrier films was increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude when the films were tested at high relative humidity. Increasing the temperature from 25 to 40 degrees C increased the permeability for some high-barrier films up to 10 times more than the permeability at 25 degrees C, although the effect was minimal for several of these films. Analysis of the distribution of the permeability of the films under ambient humidity conditions to nine fumigants indicated that the 27 films largely followed the material type, although the permeability varied considerably among the films of similar material. C1 [Qian, Yaorong; Kamel, Alaa; Stafford, Charles; Thuy Nguyen; Chism, William J.] US EPA, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Dawson, Jeffrey; Smith, Charles W.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC USA. RP Qian, YR (reprint author), US EPA, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Qian.yaorong@epa.gov NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 22 BP 9711 EP 9718 DI 10.1021/es201278p PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 844OI UT WOS:000296756500033 PM 21973115 ER PT J AU Mewafy, FM Atekwana, EA Werkema, DD Slater, LD Ntarlagiannis, D Revil, A Skold, M Delin, GN AF Mewafy, Farag M. Atekwana, Estella A. Werkema, D. Dale, Jr. Slater, Lee D. Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios Revil, Andre Skold, Magnus Delin, Geoffrey N. TI Magnetic susceptibility as a proxy for investigating microbially mediated iron reduction SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRUDE-OIL; METHANE OXIDATION; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SHALLOW SAND; GROUNDWATER; SEDIMENT AB We investigated magnetic susceptibility (MS) variations in hydrocarbon contaminated sediments. Our objective was to determine if MS can be used as an intrinsic bioremediation indicator due to the activity of iron-reducing bacteria. A contaminated and an uncontaminated core were retrieved from a site contaminated with crude oil near Bemidji, Minnesota and subsampled for MS measurements. The contaminated core revealed enriched MS zones within the hydrocarbon smear zone, which is related to iron-reduction coupled to oxidation of hydrocarbon compounds and the vadose zone, which is coincident with a zone of methane depletion suggesting aerobic or anaerobic oxidation of methane is coupled to iron-reduction. The latter has significant implications for methane cycling. We conclude that MS can serve as a proxy for intrinsic bioremediation due to the activity of iron-reducing bacteria iron-reducing bacteria and for the application of geophysics to iron cycling studies. Citation: Mewafy, F. M., E. A. Atekwana, D. D. Werkema Jr., L. D. Slater, D. Ntarlagiannis, A. Revil, M. Skold, and G. N. Delin (2011), Magnetic susceptibility as a proxy for investigating microbially mediated iron reduction, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L21402, doi:10.1029/2011GL049271. C1 [Mewafy, Farag M.; Atekwana, Estella A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Boone Pickens Sch Geol, Noble Res Ctr 105, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Werkema, D. Dale, Jr.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Slater, Lee D.; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Revil, Andre; Skold, Magnus] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Delin, Geoffrey N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Mewafy, FM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Boone Pickens Sch Geol, Noble Res Ctr 105, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM atekwana@okstate.edu FU Enbridge Energy (Ltd.); Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; U.S.G.S.; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-10-D-000488] FX This material is partially based on work supported by Enbridge Energy (Ltd.), the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the U. S. G. S. Toxic Waste Substances Program. We thank W. Herkalrath, F. Day-Lewis, J. Lane, M. Erickson, and J. Trost (U. S. G. S.), J. Heenan and C. Zhang (Rutgers-Newark) for valuable field support. B. Bekins and I. Cozzarelli (U. S. G. S) reviewed an earlier version of the manuscript. The U. S. EPA Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under EP-10-D-000488. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 38 AR L21402 DI 10.1029/2011GL049271 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 848BO UT WOS:000297022100001 ER PT J AU Li, ZW Potts-Kant, EN Garantziotis, S Foster, WM Hollingsworth, JW AF Li, Zhuowei Potts-Kant, Erin N. Garantziotis, Stavros Foster, W. Michael Hollingsworth, John W. TI Hyaluronan Signaling during Ozone-Induced Lung Injury Requires TLR4, MyD88, and TIRAP SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; CUTTING EDGE; MOUSE LUNG; MICE; INFLAMMATION; MORTALITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA AB Ozone exposure is associated with exacerbation of reactive airways disease. We have previously reported that the damage-associated molecular pattern, hyaluronan, is required for the complete biological response to ambient ozone and that hyaluronan fragments signal through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In this study, we further investigated the role of TLR4 adaptors in ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and the direct response to hyaluronan fragments (HA). Using a murine model of AHR, C57BL/6J, TLR4(-/-), MyD88(-/-), and TIRAP(-/-) mice were characterized for AHR after exposure to either ozone (1 ppmx3 h) or HA fragments. Animals were characterized for AHR with methacholine challenge, cellular inflammation, lung injury, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Ozone-exposed C57BL/6J mice developed cellular inflammation, lung injury, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and AHR, while mice deficient in TLR4, MyD88 or TIRAP demonstrated both reduced AHR and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, MCP-1, IL-6 and KC. The level of hyaluronan was increased after inhalation of ozone in each strain of mice. Direct challenge of mice to hyaluronan resulted in AHR in C57BL/6J mice, but not in TLR4(-/-), MyD88(-/-), or TIRAP(-/-) mice. HA-induced cytokine production in wild-type mice was significantly reduced in TLR4(-/-), MyD88(-/-), or TIRAP(-/-) mice. In conclusion, our findings support that ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is dependent on the HA-TLR4-MyD88-TIRAP signaling pathway. C1 [Li, Zhuowei; Potts-Kant, Erin N.; Foster, W. Michael; Hollingsworth, John W.] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Hollingsworth, John W.] Duke Univ, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC USA. [Garantziotis, Stavros] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Li, ZW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM john.hollingsworth@duke.edu RI Dennis, Allison/A-7654-2014; Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009 OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES016126, ES020426] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES016126, ES020426). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e27137 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0027137 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 850MH UT WOS:000297198200038 PM 22073274 ER PT J AU Sykes, KE AF Sykes, K. E. TI THE ENVIRONMENT: WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sykes, K. E.] US EPA, Aging Initiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD NOV PY 2011 VL 51 SU 2 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 936PH UT WOS:000303602000523 ER PT J AU Sykes, KE AF Sykes, K. E. TI CHANGES TO THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sykes, K. E.] US EPA, Aging Initiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD NOV PY 2011 VL 51 SU 2 BP 436 EP 436 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 936PH UT WOS:000303602002685 ER PT J AU Pearson, MS Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW Jicha, TM Taylor, DL Moffett, MF Hill, BH AF Pearson, Mark S. Angradi, Ted R. Bolgrien, David W. Jicha, Terri M. Taylor, Debra L. Moffett, Mary F. Hill, Brian H. TI Multimetric Fish Indices for Midcontinent (USA) Great Rivers SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY IBI; BIOLOGICAL CONDITION; ASSEMBLAGES; STREAMS; COMMUNITIES; MISSOURI; QUALITY; LAKES AB We developed fish assemblage-based multimetric indices as indicators of ecological conditions for the lower Missouri, impounded upper Mississippi, unimpounded upper Mississippi, and Ohio rivers. Using data from 475 daytime electrofishing samples, we calculated 81 candidate fish metrics. We screened these metrics for their range and their responsiveness to a multimetric stressor gradient that included water chemistry, human disturbance, and landscape-scale indicators of human disturbance and stress. Each reach-specific great-river fish index (GRFIn) included 8-10 nonredundant metrics scored on a continuous scale from 0 to 10 (10 = good). No metrics were common to all four GRFIns; one metric (the number of minnow species) was common to three GRFIns. We determined the least disturbed conditions from the y-intercepts of the quantile regressions between the GRFIn scores and the corresponding stressor gradients. Ecological condition as indicated by GRFIn score varied among reaches; 44 +/- 8% (95% confidence interval around the mean) of the lower Missouri River (by length), 51 +/- 20% of the unimpounded upper Mississippi River, 43 +/- 8% of the impounded upper Mississippi River, and 39 +/- 7% of the Ohio River was most disturbed. C1 [Pearson, Mark S.; Angradi, Ted R.; Bolgrien, David W.; Jicha, Terri M.; Taylor, Debra L.; Moffett, Mary F.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Pearson, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM pearson.mark@epa.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1547 EP 1564 DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.639269 PG 18 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 903WU UT WOS:000301153700011 ER PT J AU Sexton, AM Shirmohammadi, A Sadeghi, AM Montas, HJ AF Sexton, A. M. Shirmohammadi, A. Sadeghi, A. M. Montas, H. J. TI A STOCHASTIC METHOD TO CHARACTERIZE MODEL UNCERTAINTY FOR A NUTRIENT TMDL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Calibration; Modeling; MFORM; MOS; SWAT; TMDL; Uncertainty ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; PIEDMONT PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGION; WATER-QUALITY; PARAMETER UNCERTAINTY; PROBABILISTIC APPROACH; RIVER-BASIN; SWAT MODEL; SEDIMENT; CALIBRATION; PHOSPHORUS AB The U.S. EPA's Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program has encountered hindrances in its implementation partly because of its strong dependence on mathematical models to set limitations on the release of impairing substances. The uncertainty associated with predictions of such models is often not scientifically quantified and typically assigned as an arbitrary margin of safety (MOS.) in the TMDL allocation. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was evaluated to determine its applicability to. identify the impairment status and tabulate a nutrient TMDL for a waterbody located in the Piedmont physiographic region of Maryland. The methodology for tabulating the nutrient TMDL is an enhancement over current methods used in Maryland. The mean-value first-order reliability method (MFORM) was paired with a stochastic approach to tabulate a science-based estimate of model uncertainty and MOS for the TMDL approach. Monthly streamflow estimates were quite good, with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficients of 0.75 and 0.70 for the calibration and validation phases, respectively. Sediment and nutrients were not estimated as well as streamflow on a monthly basis; however, large improvements in model estimation were observed on an annual time scale. MOS was determined based on the desired level of confidence in meeting the water quality standard. The water quality standard was met at 20% nitrate reduction (9.9 kg N d(-1)) with a 37.5% level of confidence. The water quality goal was met by a 30% reduction in nitrate load (8.6 kg N d(-1)), in which case there was a 75% chance of meeting the water quality standard. Therefore, the MOS load (the difference between the standard and the goal) was 1.3 kg N d(-1) or 10% of the baseline load. These results indicate that SWAT is a suitable model for use in TMDL assessments of impaired water bodies, especially assessments based on long-term simulations. In addition, the stochastic method used to quantify MOS for a nitrate TMDL is an improvement over current methods because it provides a formal, scientifically derived measure of model uncertainty. C1 [Sexton, A. M.; Shirmohammadi, A.; Montas, H. J.] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sexton, A. M.; Sadeghi, A. M.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Shirmohammadi, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sexton, AM (reprint author), US EPA, 290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM Aisha.Sexton@gmail.com NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 54 IS 6 BP 2197 EP 2207 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 879WJ UT WOS:000299363300023 ER PT J AU Craig, HD Taylor, S AF Craig, Harry D. Taylor, Susan TI Framework for Evaluating the Fate, Transport, and Risks From Conventional Munitions Compounds in Underwater Environments SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE TNT; RDX; nitrophenols; munitions compounds; explosives toxicity ID MARINE ENVIRONMENTS; ORDNANCE COMPOUNDS; COMPOSITION-B; EXPLOSIVES; TOXICITY; TNT; WATER; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Legacy underwater munitions may leak munitions constituents and, thereby, contaminate the environment and expose people to energetic compounds. This paper reviews the sources of underwater munitions, how munitions compounds are released, and their fate and transport characteristics. Because some of these energetic compounds and their environmental transformation products are toxic, we also describe the types of data needed to evaluate potential human and ecological risks at underwater munitions sites. C1 [Craig, Harry D.] US EPA, Oregon Operat Off, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Craig, HD (reprint author), US EPA, Oregon Operat Off, Reg 10,805 SW Broadway,Suite 500, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM craig.harry@epa.gov NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 6 BP 35 EP 46 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 881QF UT WOS:000299500500007 ER PT J AU Cruvinel, EBF Bustamante, MMD Kozovits, AR Zepp, RG AF Fernandes Cruvinel, Erika B. Bustamante, Mercedes M. da C. Kozovits, Alessandra R. Zepp, Richard G. TI Soil emissions of NO, N2O and CO2 from croplands in the savanna region of central Brazil SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Land use; Cerrado; Trace gas emissions; No-till systems; Emission factors ID TILL MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; NITROUS-OXIDE; TROPICAL FOREST; CH4 EMISSIONS; PASTURE; CARBON; DYNAMICS; CERRADOS; BIOMASS; FLUXES AB In the last 40 years, a large area of savanna vegetation in Central Brazil (Cerrado) has been converted to agriculture, with intensive use of fertilizers, irrigation and management practices. Currently, the Cerrado is the main region for beef and grain production in Brazil. However, the consequences of these agricultural practices on NO, N2O and CO2 emissions from soil to atmosphere are still poorly investigated. The objectives of this study were to quantify soil emissions of NO-N, N2O-N and CO2-C in different no-till cultivation systems in comparison with native savanna vegetation. The agricultural areas included: (a) the maize and Brachiaria ruzizienses intercropping system followed by irrigated bean in rotation; (b) soybean followed by natural fallow; and (c) cotton planting over B. ruzizienses straw. The study was performed from August 2003 to October 2005 and fluxes were measured before and after planting, after fertilizations, during the growing season, before and after harvesting. NO-N fluxes in the soybean field were similar to those measured in the native vegetation. In the cornfield, higher NO-N fluxes were measured before planting than after planting and pulses were observed after broadcast fertilizations. During Brachiaria cultivation NO-N fluxes were lower than in native vegetation. In the irrigated area (bean cultivation), NO-N fluxes were also significantly higher after broadcast fertilizations. Most of the soil N2O-N fluxes measured under cultivated and native vegetation were very low (<0.6 ng N2O-N cm(-2) h(-1)) except during bean cultivation when N2O-N fluxes increased after the first and second broadcast fertilization with irrigation and during nodule senescence in the soybean field. Soil respiration values from the soybean field were similar to those in native vegetation. The CO2-C fluxes during cultivation of maize and irrigated bean were twice as high as in the native vegetation. During bean cultivation with irrigation, an increase in CO2-C fluxes was observed after broadcast fertilization followed by a decrease after the harvest. Significantly lower soil C stocks (0-30cm depth) were determined under no-tillage agricultural systems in comparison with the stocks under savanna vegetation. Fertilizer-induced emission factors of N oxides calculated from the data were lower than those indicated by the IPCC as default. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fernandes Cruvinel, Erika B.] Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Brasilia, BR-72450025 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Bustamante, Mercedes M. da C.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Kozovits, Alessandra R.] Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Dept Biodivers Evolut & Environm, BR-35400000 Ouro Preto, Brazil. [Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Cruvinel, EBF (reprint author), Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Brasilia, Gama Campus, BR-72450025 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM erika.cruvinel@ifb.edu.br RI El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012; Bustamante, Mercedes/H-7597-2015 OI Bustamante, Mercedes/0000-0003-1008-452X FU NASA [ND-07]; Environmental Protection Agency-USA (EPA) [827291-01]; PIQDT-CAPES (Brazil) FX The authors are very grateful to Mr. Sebastiao Conrado, owner of the Dom Bosco Farm, to the SLC Group, owner of Pamplona Farm and to the team of the Ecology Laboratory of the University of Brasilia for assistance during field and laboratory measurements. This research study was funded by NASA under the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere in Amazonia (LBA) project ND-07 and by the Environmental Protection Agency-USA (EPA) through Assistance Agreement 827291-01. Erika B. Fernandes Cruvinel received a fellowship from PIQDT-CAPES (Brazil). NR 39 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 144 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.016 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873QN UT WOS:000298898200004 ER PT J AU Zhang, XH Schreifels, J AF Zhang, Xuehua Schreifels, Jeremy TI Continuous emission monitoring systems at power plants in China: Improving SO2 emission measurement SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Emission monitoring; MRV; CEMS AB The Chinese Government recently mandated the installation of continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) at state-controlled key polluting facilities in order to provide direct, real-time, continuous measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. By 2010, most coal-fired power plants in China have installed and are operating SO2 CEMS. As China's Central Government strengthens the SO2 control program and implements new nitrogen oxides (NOX) and carbon dioxide (CO2) control programs, the quality of and confidence in CEMS data will become more important. This study utilizes field surveys and existing literature on Chinese CEMS to analyze their operation and management. Our study found that the Chinese government has issued a set of regulations and technical guidance documents to standardize CEMS operation, management, and supervision, and to improve the quality of CEMS data. Many power plants have followed key parts of the national CEMS rules and guidance and are periodically inspected by local environmental authorities. This study suggests several options for addressing some of the gaps and problems with the CEMS operation and supervision and thus enhancing China's CEMS program. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schreifels, Jeremy] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Zhang, Xuehua] Stanford Univ, Dept Econ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Schreifels, Jeremy] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Schreifels, J (reprint author), US EPA, 6204J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM schreifels.jeremy@epa.gov RI Schreifels, Jeremy/F-6505-2011 OI Schreifels, Jeremy/0000-0002-5830-3755 NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD NOV PY 2011 VL 39 IS 11 BP 7432 EP 7438 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.011 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862US UT WOS:000298120200074 ER PT J AU Ford, RG Acree, SD Lien, BK Scheckel, KG Luxton, TP Ross, RR Williams, AG Clark, P AF Ford, Robert G. Acree, Steven D. Lien, Bob K. Scheckel, Kirk G. Luxton, Todd P. Ross, Randall R. Williams, Aaron G. Clark, Patrick TI Delineating landfill leachate discharge to an arsenic contaminated waterway SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Barium; Ground water; Surface water; Discharge; Landfill leachate ID GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE; SPECIATION; AQUIFER; IRON; USA; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; PARAMETERS; SEDIMENTS; ISOTOPES; DYNAMICS AB Discharge of contaminated ground water may serve as a primary and on-going source of contamination to surface water. A field investigation was conducted at a Superfund site in Massachusetts. USA to define the locus of contaminant flux and support source identification for arsenic contamination in a pond abutting a closed landfill. Subsurface hydrology and ground-water chemistry were evaluated in the aquifer between the landfill and the pond during the period 2005-2009 employing a network of wells to delineate the spatial and temporal variability in subsurface conditions. These observations were compared with concurrent measures of ground-water seepage and surface water chemistry within a shallow cove that had a historical visual record of hydrous ferric oxide precipitation along with elevated arsenic concentrations in shallow sediments. Barium, presumably derived from materials disposed in the landfill, served as an indicator of leachate-impacted ground water discharging into the cove. Evaluation of the spatial distributions of seepage flux and the concentrations of barium, calcium, and ammonium-nitrogen indicated that the identified plume primarily discharged into the central portion of the cove. Comparison of the spatial distribution of chemical signatures at depth within the water column demonstrated that direct discharge of leachate-impacted ground water was the source of highest arsenic concentrations observed within the cove. These observations demonstrate that restoration of the impacted surface water body will necessitate control of leachate-impacted ground water that continues to discharge into the cove. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ford, Robert G.; Lien, Bob K.; Scheckel, Kirk G.; Luxton, Todd P.; Williams, Aaron G.; Clark, Patrick] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Acree, Steven D.; Ross, Randall R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Ford, RG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ford.robert@epa.gov; acree.steve@epa.gov; lien.bob@epa.gov; scheckel.kirk@epa.gov; luxton.todd@epa.gov; ross.randall@epa.gov; Aaron.Williams@erg.com; claric.patrick@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Ford, Robert/N-4634-2014 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Ford, Robert/0000-0002-9465-2282 FU Shaw Environmental, Inc. [EP-C-08034]; Carl Enfield [EP-C-05-056]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development FX The following individuals are acknowledged for assistance in field sampling and laboratory analyses: Mark White, Lynda Call-away, Kristie Hargrove, and Cherri Adair (USEPA/ORD-Ada, OK); Tim Bridges and Dan Granz (USEPA-Region 1 Laboratory), and personnel with Shaw Environmental, Inc. under Contract EP-C-08034. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Brad Scroggins (formerly USEPA/ORD-Ada, OK), Thabet Tolaymat (USEPA/ORD-Cincinnati, OH), and Carl Enfield (under Contract EP-C-05-056) for support during field investigations. We also acknowledge the assistance of Ginny Lombardo, Bill Brandon, Rick Sugatt (USEPA, Boston, MA), Robert Simeone (US Army, BRAC Office), and Carol Stein and Dave McTigue (Gannett Fleming, Inc.) for assistance in project coordination and site access. This project was conducted under an approved Quality Assurance Project Plan (421-Q10 and 567-Q2-0). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 9 BP 1525 EP 1537 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.046 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 867MR UT WOS:000298459000016 PM 22018591 ER PT J AU Gordon, CJ Rowsey, PJ Bishop, BL Ward, WO MacPhail, RC AF Gordon, Christopher J. Rowsey, Pamela J. Bishop, Britton L. Ward, William O. MacPhail, Robert C. TI Serum biomarkers of aging in the Brown Norway rat SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C-reactive protein; Myoglobin; Macrophage derived chemokine; Fibroblast growth factor-basic; Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ID VARIABILITY; ASSOCIATION AB Serum biomarkers to identify susceptibility to disease in aged humans are well researched. On the other hand, our understanding of biomarkers in animal models of aging is limited. Hence, we applied a commercially available panel of 58 serum analytes to screen for possible biomarkers of aging in 4, 12, and 24 month old Brown Norway rats. We found that serum levels of 5 of the 58 analytes were significantly affected by age: C-reactive protein (CRP), myoglobin, macrophage derived chemokine-2 (MDC), fibroblast growth factor-basic, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Among these analytes, CRP was the only one that increased with aging. The variability of CRP and MDC-2 was relatively low compared to the other analytes of the panel. It is concluded that CRP and possibly MDC-2 are candidates for biomarkers of aging in the BN rat. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gordon, Christopher J.; Bishop, Britton L.; Ward, William O.; MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Res Core Unit, Natl Heath & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rowsey, Pamela J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Gordon, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Res Core Unit, Natl Heath & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gordon.christopher@epa.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 46 IS 11 BP 953 EP 957 DI 10.1016/j.exger.2011.07.006 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 853UD UT WOS:000297450300016 PM 21835237 ER PT J AU Schug, TT Janesick, A Blumberg, B Heindel, JJ AF Schug, Thaddeus T. Janesick, Amanda Blumberg, Bruce Heindel, Jerrold J. TI Endocrine disrupting chemicals and disease susceptibility SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Hormone; Disease susceptibility; Bisphenol A; Nuclear receptor; Obesogen; Low dose effects; Developmental windows of susceptibility ID HUMAN SEMEN QUALITY; EPIGENETIC TRANSGENERATIONAL ACTIONS; POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; BISPHENOL-A; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL DES; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; UTERINE LEIOMYOMAS AB Environmental chemicals have significant impacts on biological systems. Chemical exposures during early stages of development can disrupt normal patterns of development and thus dramatically alter disease susceptibility later in life. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with the body's endocrine system and produce adverse developmental, reproductive, neurological, cardiovascular, metabolic and immune effects in humans. A wide range of substances, both natural and man-made, are thought to cause endocrine disruption, including pharmaceuticals, dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, DDT and other pesticides, and components of plastics such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates. EDCs are found in many everyday products - including plastic bottles, metal food cans, detergents, flame retardants, food additives, toys, cosmetics, and pesticides. EDCs interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, activity, or elimination of natural hormones. This interference can block or mimic hormone action, causing a wide range of effects. This review focuses on the mechanisms and modes of action by which EDCs alter hormone signaling. It also includes brief overviews of select disease endpoints associated with endocrine disruption. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schug, Thaddeus T.; Heindel, Jerrold J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Cellular Organ & Syst Pathobiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Janesick, Amanda; Blumberg, Bruce] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Dev & Cell Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Schug, TT (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Cellular Organ & Syst Pathobiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM schugt@niehs.nih.gov OI Janesick, Amanda/0000-0001-7731-2756 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999] NR 124 TC 228 Z9 238 U1 27 U2 188 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 127 IS 3-5 SI SI BP 204 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.08.007 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 868NZ UT WOS:000298531300008 PM 21899826 ER PT J AU Padilla, S Hunter, DL Padnos, B Frady, S MacPhail, RC AF Padilla, S. Hunter, D. L. Padnos, B. Frady, S. MacPhail, R. C. TI Assessing locomotor activity in larval zebrafish: Influence of extrinsic and intrinsic variables SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zebrafish; Locomotor activity; Behavior; Larval; Age; Malformations ID BURSTING ACTIVITY; GANGLION-CELLS; BEHAVIOR; DRUGS; MODEL; VALIDATION; MODULATION; DISEASES; DECADE; GENES AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is evaluating methods to screen and prioritize large numbers of chemicals for developmental toxicity. We are exploring methods to detect developmentally neurotoxic chemicals using zebrafish behavior at 6 days of age. The behavioral paradigm simultaneously tests individual larval zebrafish under both light and dark conditions in a 96-well plate using a video tracking system. We have found that many variables affect the level or pattern of locomotor activity, including age of the larvae, size of the well, and the presence of malformations. Some other variables, however, do not appear to affect larval behavior including type of rearing solution (10% Hank's vs. 1:3 Danieau vs 60 mg/kg Instant Ocean vs 1 x and 1:10 x EPA Moderately Hard Water). Zebrafish larval behavior using a microtiter plate format may be an ideal endpoint for screening developmentally neurotoxic chemicals, but it is imperative that many test variables be carefully specified and controlled. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Padilla, S.; Hunter, D. L.; Padnos, B.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Frady, S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [MacPhail, R. C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Padilla, S (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, ISTD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Padilla.Stephanie@epa.gov NR 30 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 6 SI SI BP 624 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.08.005 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 869SU UT WOS:000298619300004 PM 21871562 ER PT J AU Zellner, D Padnos, B Hunter, DL MacPhail, RC Padilla, S AF Zellner, D. Padnos, B. Hunter, D. L. MacPhail, R. C. Padilla, S. TI Rearing conditions differentially affect the locomotor behavior of larval zebrafish, but not their response to valproate-induced developmental neurotoxicity SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zebrafish; Enrichment; Behavior; Development; Rearing conditions; Valproate ID SHOALING BEHAVIOR; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; ANIMAL-MODELS; DANIO-RERIO; FISH; RATS; ACID; TERATOGENICITY; NEUROGENESIS; PLASTICITY AB Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are widely used in developmental research, but still not much is known about the role of the environment in their development. Zebrafish are a highly social organism; thus exposure to, or isolation from, social environments may have profound developmental effects. Details of rearing conditions are often sparse in the zebrafish literature. This study compared (1) the activity of larval zebrafish that were raised individually vs in groups, and (2) the effect of the developmental neurotoxicant valproate. We randomly assigned embryos to single- or group-reared social environments from 0 to 5 days post fertilization (dpf), while treating them with or without valproate (final concentration 48 mu M) from 0 to 2 dpf, resulting in a total of four groups (group control, group treated, single control, single treated). At 5 dpf all embryos were transferred to singly-housed environments where they remained for locomotor activity testing (alternating periods of light and dark) conducted on day 6. Larvae that had been reared in groups had higher levels of activity in the dark period compared to larvae that had been raised individually. Valproate increased activity in both the singly-reared and group-reared larvae during periods of darkness but not light. Further analyses of dark activity indicated that rearing condition did not differentially affect larval responses to valproate. These results indicate that rearing conditions affected the locomotion of zebrafish larvae, but did not alter the effect of the developmental neurotoxicant valproate. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Padnos, B.; Hunter, D. L.; Padilla, S.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zellner, D.] Meredith Coll, Dept Psychol, Raleigh, NC USA. [MacPhail, R. C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Padilla, S (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div B105 03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Padilla.stephanie@epa.gov NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 6 SI SI BP 674 EP 679 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.06.007 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 869SU UT WOS:000298619300010 PM 21767635 ER PT J AU Powers, CM Slotkin, TA Seidler, FJ Badireddy, AR Padilla, S AF Powers, Christina M. Slotkin, Theodore A. Seidler, Frederic J. Badireddy, Appala R. Padilla, Stephanie TI Silver nanoparticles alter zebrafish development and larval behavior: Distinct roles for particle size, coating and composition SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Silver; Nanoparticles; Zebrafish ID NANO-SILVER; IN-VIVO; TOXICITY; EMBRYOS; GOLD; IONS AB Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) act as antibacterials by releasing monovalent silver (Ag(+)) and are increasingly used in consumer products, thus elevating exposures in human and wildlife populations. In vitro models indicate that AgNPs are likely to be developmental neurotoxicants with actions distinct from those of Ag(+). We exposed developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) to Ag(+) or AgNPs on days 0-5 post-fertilization and evaluated hatching, morphology, survival and swim bladder inflation. Larval swimming behavior and responses to different lighting conditions were assessed 24 h after the termination of exposure. Comparisons were made with AgNPs of different sizes and coatings: 10 nm citrate-coated AgNP (AgNP-C), and 10 or 50 nm polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs (AgNP-PVP). Ag(+) and AgNP-C delayed hatching to a similar extent but Ag(+) was more effective in slowing swim bladder inflation, and elicited greater dysmorphology and mortality. In behavioral assessments, Ag(+) exposed fish were hyperresponsive to light changes, whereas AgNP-C exposed fish showed normal responses. Neither of the AgNP-PVPs affected survival or morphology but both evoked significant changes in swimming responses to light in ways that were distinct from Ag(+) and each other. The smaller AgNP-PVP caused overall hypoactivity whereas the larger caused hyperactivity. AgNPs are less potent than Ag+ with respect to dysmorphology and loss of viability, but nevertheless produce neurobehavioral effects that highly depend on particle coating and size, rather than just reflecting the release of Ag(+). Different AgNP formulations are thus likely to produce distinct patterns of developmental neurotoxicity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Powers, Christina M.; Slotkin, Theodore A.; Seidler, Frederic J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Canc Biol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Badireddy, Appala R.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pratt Sch Engn, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol CEINT, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Slotkin, TA (reprint author), Box 3813 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM t.slotkin@duke.edu FU NIH [ES011961, GM007105]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Research was supported by NIH ES011961 and GM007105, and by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The information has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank Stella Marinakos, Beth Padnos, and Deborah L Hunter for their expertise and technical assistance. NR 19 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 6 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 6 SI SI BP 708 EP 714 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.02.002 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 869SU UT WOS:000298619300014 PM 21315816 ER PT J AU Gangwal, S Brown, JS Wang, A Houck, KA Dix, DJ Kavlock, RJ Hubal, EAC AF Gangwal, Sumit Brown, James S. Wang, Amy Houck, Keith A. Dix, David J. Kavlock, Robert J. Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI Informing Selection of Nanomaterial Concentrations for ToxCast in Vitro Testing Based on Occupational Exposure Potential SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE ExpoCast; human particle deposition and retention; in vitro nanomaterial concentration; multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD); occupational exposure; ToxCast ID ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE NEAT; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MULTIPLE-PATH MODEL; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; HUMAN-LUNG; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; INHALATION EXPOSURE; RAT LUNG; TRANSLOCATION AB BACKGROUND: Little justification is generally provided for selection of in vitro assay testing concentrations for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Selection of concentration levels for hazard evaluation based on real-world exposure scenarios is desirable. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to use estimates of lung deposition after occupational exposure to nanomaterials to recommend in vitro testing concentrations for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ToxCast (TM) program. Here, we provide testing concentrations for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). METHODS: We reviewed published ENM concentrations measured in air in manufacturing and R&D (research and development) laboratories to identify input levels for estimating ENM mass retained in the human lung using the multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model. Model input parameters were individually varied to estimate alveolar mass retained for different particle sizes (5-1,000 nm), aerosol concentrations (0.1 and 1 mg/m(3)), aspect ratios (2, 4, 10, and 167), and exposure durations (24 hr and a working lifetime). The calculated lung surface concentrations were then converted to in vitro solution concentrations. RESULTS: Modeled alveolar mass retained after 24 hr is most affected by activity level and aerosol concentration. Alveolar retention for Ag and TiO(2) NPs and CNTs for a working-lifetime (45 years) exposure duration is similar to high-end concentrations (similar to 30- 400 mu g/mL) typical of in vitro testing reported in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses performed are generally applicable for providing ENM testing concentrations for in vitro hazard screening studies, although further research is needed to improve the approach. Understanding the relationship between potential real-world exposures and in vitro test concentrations will facilitate interpretation of toxicological results. C1 [Gangwal, Sumit; Wang, Amy; Houck, Keith A.; Dix, David J.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brown, James S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gangwal, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop D-343-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gangwal.sumit@epa.gov NR 52 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 30 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 119 IS 11 BP 1539 EP 1546 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103750 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 844XL UT WOS:000296785900019 PM 21788197 ER PT J AU Kleinstreuer, NC Judson, RS Reif, DM Sipes, NS Singh, AV Chandler, KJ DeWoskin, R Dix, DJ Kavlock, RJ Knudsen, TB AF Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Judson, Richard S. Reif, David M. Sipes, Nisha S. Singh, Amar V. Chandler, Kelly J. DeWoskin, Rob Dix, David J. Kavlock, Robert J. Knudsen, Thomas B. TI Environmental Impact on Vascular Development Predicted by High-Throughput Screening SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE angiogenesis; developmental toxicity; high-throughput screening (HTS); thalidomide; vascular development ID INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; LIMB DEFECTS; ANGIOGENESIS; THALIDOMIDE; TOXICITY; INHIBITION; CHEMICALS; TNP-470; PERMEABILITY AB BACKGROUND: Understanding health risks to embryonic development from exposure to environmental chemicals is a significant challenge given the diverse chemical landscape and paucity of data for most of these compounds. High-throughput screening (HTS) in the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast (TM) project provides vast data on an expanding chemical library currently consisting of > 1,000 unique compounds across > 500 in vitro assays in phase I (complete) and Phase II (under way). This public data set can be used to evaluate concentration-dependent effects on many diverse biological targets and build predictive models of prototypical toxicity pathways that can aid decision making for assessments of human develop-mental health and disease. OBJECTIVE: We mined the ToxCast phase I data set to identify signatures for potential chemical disruption of blood vessel formation and remodeling. METHODS: ToxCast phase I screened 309 chemicals using 467 HTS assays across nine assay technology platforms. The assays measured direct inter-actions between chemicals and molecular targets (receptors, enzymes), as well as downstream effects on reporter gene activity or cellular consequences. We ranked the chemicals according to individual vascular bioactivity score and visualized the ranking using ToxPi (Toxicological Priority Index) profiles. RESULTS: Targets in inflammatory chemokine signaling, the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway, and the plasminogen-activating system were strongly perturbed by some chemicals, and we found positive correlations with develop-mental effects from the U. S. EPA ToxRefDB (Toxicological Reference Database) in vivo database containing prenatal rat and rabbit guideline studies. We observed distinctly different correlative patterns for chemicals with effects in rabbits versus rats, despite derivation of in vitro signatures based on human cells and cell-free biochemical targets, implying conservation but potentially differential contributions of develop-mental pathways among species. Follow-up analysis with anti-angiogenic thalidomide analogs and additional in vitro vascular targets showed in vitro activity consistent with the most active environmental chemicals tested here. CONCLUSIONS: We predicted that blood vessel development is a target for environmental chemicals acting as putative vascular disruptor compounds (pVDCs) and identified potential species differences in sensitive vascular develop-mental pathways. C1 [Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.; Judson, Richard S.; Reif, David M.; Sipes, Nisha S.; Chandler, Kelly J.; Dix, David J.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxiciol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Singh, Amar V.] Lockheed Martin, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chandler, Kelly J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [DeWoskin, Rob] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kleinstreuer, NC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kleinstreuer.nicole@epa.gov RI Singh, Amar/K-4400-2013; OI Singh, Amar/0000-0003-3780-8233; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 NR 53 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 34 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 119 IS 11 BP 1596 EP 1603 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103412 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 844XL UT WOS:000296785900027 PM 21788198 ER PT J AU Bradham, KD Scheckel, KG Nelson, CM Seales, PE Lee, GE Hughes, MF Miller, BW Yeow, A Gilmore, T Serda, SM Harper, S Thomas, DJ AF Bradham, Karen D. Scheckel, Kirk G. Nelson, Clay M. Seales, Paul E. Lee, Grace E. Hughes, Michael F. Miller, Bradley W. Yeow, Aaron Gilmore, Thomas Serda, Sophia M. Harper, Sharon Thomas, David J. TI Relative Bioavailability and Bioaccessibility and Speciation of Arsenic in Contaminated Soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; bioaccessibility; bioavailability; gastrointestinal; human health; human health risk assessment; metalloid; soil physicochemical properties; speciation ID SIMULATED GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM; RISK-ASSESSMENT; METHYLATED METABOLITES; DEPENDENT DISPOSITION; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; TISSUE DOSIMETRY; DRINKING-WATER; MICE; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: Assessment of soil arsenic (As) bioavailability may profoundly affect the extent of remediation required at contaminated sites by improving human exposure estimates. Because small adjustments in soil As bioavailability estimates can significantly alter risk assessments and remediation goals, convenient, rapid, reliable, and inexpensive tools are needed to determine soil As bioavailability. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated inexpensive methods for assessing As bioavailability in soil as a means to improve human exposure estimates and potentially reduce remediation costs. METHODS: Nine soils from residential sites affected by mining or smelting activity and two National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference materials were evaluated for As bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and speciation. Arsenic bioavailability was determined using an in vivo mouse model, and As bioaccessibility was determined using the Solubility/Bioavailability Research Consortium in vitro assay. Arsenic speciation in soil and selected soil physicochemical properties were also evaluated to determine whether these parameters could be used as predictors of As bioavailability and bioaccessibility. RESULTS: In the mouse assay, we compared bioavailabilities of As in soils with that for sodium arsenate. Relative bioavailabilities (RBAs) of soil As ranged from 11% to 53% (mean, 33%). In vitro soil As bioaccessibility values were strongly correlated with soil As RBAs (R(2) = 0.92). Among physicochemical properties, combined concentrations of iron and aluminum accounted for 80% and 62% of the variability in estimates of RBA and bioaccessibility, respectively. CONCLUSION: The multifaceted approach described here yielded congruent estimates of As bioavailability and evidence of interrelations among physicochemical properties and bioavailability estimates. C1 [Bradham, Karen D.; Nelson, Clay M.; Gilmore, Thomas; Harper, Sharon] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.; Miller, Bradley W.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Seales, Paul E.; Lee, Grace E.; Hughes, Michael F.; Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Yeow, Aaron] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Serda, Sophia M.] US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Bradham, KD (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-D205-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM bradham.karen@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU EPA Region 9 Superfund program; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank K. Herbin-Davis and B. Edwards for excellent technical assistance and the EPA Region 9 Superfund program for their support. Materials Research Collaborative Access Team operations at Argonne National Laboratory are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and institutional members.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in this research. NR 58 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 116 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 119 IS 11 BP 1629 EP 1634 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003352 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 844XL UT WOS:000296785900032 PM 21749965 ER PT J AU Rouissi, T Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Prevost, D John, RP Surampalli, RY AF Rouissi, T. Tyagi, R. D. Brar, S. K. Prevost, D. John, R. P. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Efficient and simple method for determination of suspendibility of bio-inoculant suspensions SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sinorhizobium meliloti; Suspension; Suspendibility; Viscosity; Zeta potential ID STABILITY; PH AB This study assessed the utilization of viscosity and zeta potential as a novel method to evaluate suspendibility of formulation of Sinorhizobium meliloti grown in starch industry wastewater for use as bio-inoculants. For this objective, sorbitol was used as a suspending agent at concentrations of 0 to 10% w/v. Model, based on multiple linear regression (with pH as dependant variable, and zeta potential, average particle size and sorbitol concentration as independent variables) demonstrated an important relation which was significant (p < 0.001, R(2) = 0.98). Sigmoid regression revealed a significant relation between zeta potential and suspendibility with p value = 0.007 and R-squared = 0.86, and between viscosity and suspendibility (p value < 0.0001 and R squared = 0.9823). Thus, these direct correlations established the lowering of measurement time from 12 h to 5 min. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rouissi, T.; Tyagi, R. D.; Brar, S. K.; John, R. P.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Prevost, D.] Agr & Agroalimentaire Canada, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tarek.rouissi@ete.inrs.ca; tyagi@ete.inrs.ca; satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca; Danielle.Prevost@AGR.GC.CA; rojanpj@yahoo.co.in OI P. John, Rojan/0000-0002-9703-1238 FU NSERC [A4984]; MAPAQ [807150]; FQRNT; INRS-ETE FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the NSERC (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair), MAPAQ (807150), FQRNT, INRS-ETE for financial support. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 102 IS 22 BP 10754 EP 10758 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.08.133 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 856QB UT WOS:000297657400086 PM 21945163 ER PT J AU McGarvey, DJ Johnston, JM AF McGarvey, Daniel J. Johnston, John M. TI A Simple Method to Predict Regional Fish Abundance: An Example in the McKenzie River Basin, Oregon SO FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID SELF-THINNING RULE; STREAM-LIVING SALMONIDS; BODY-SIZE; POPULATION-DENSITY; FOOD WEBS; SECONDARY PRODUCTION; ATLANTIC SALMON; CUTTHROAT TROUT; TERRITORY SIZE; BROWN TROUT AB Regional assessments of fisheries resources are increasingly called for, but tools with which to perform them are limited. We present a simple method that can be used to estimate regional carrying capacity and apply it to the McKenzie River Basin, Oregon. First, we use a macroecological model to predict trout densities within small, medium, and large streams in the McKenzie Basin. Next, we evaluate the reliability of the predicted trout densities by comparing them with field-measured densities. We then calculate the total surface areas of small, medium, and large streams within the basin and multiply these surface areas by the predicted trout densities to estimate regional carrying capacity. Predicted carrying capacity within the basin is approximately 2.1 million trout (median predicted abundance). Our method requires minimal input data, and much of this data can be compiled from literature sources. The method may therefore have broad utility. C1 [McGarvey, Daniel J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Johnston, John M.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. RP McGarvey, DJ (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM djmcgarvey@vcu.edu; johnston.johnm@epa.gov RI McGarvey, Daniel/A-7725-2009 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 08-23380]; U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State University; U. S. Department of Energy; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) FX We thank Craig Barber and John Van Sickle for critical feedback on the fish density model. Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Brenda Rashleigh and three anonymous reviewers. Thom Whittier and Dave Peck provided the stream morphology data used to estimate stream channel surface area. Linda Ashkenas. directed us to the Pacific Northwest Ecosystem Research Consortium land cover data. Trout body size data were obtained through the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest research program (Gregory 2008), funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 08-23380), U. S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. Al Levno and Nora Waite graciously provided photos of the representative stream sites. The food web graphics used in Figure 2 were obtained through the Integration and Application Network (http://ian.umces.edu/symbols/), University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U. S. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The manuscript is a contribution to the USEPA, Office of Research and Development's Ecosystem Services Research Program. It has been reviewed in accordance with the Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD NOV PY 2011 VL 36 IS 11 BP 534 EP 546 DI 10.1080/03632415.2011.626659 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 857TS UT WOS:000297744400002 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY White, P AF Christensen, Krista L. Yorita White, Paul TI A Methodological Approach to Assessing the Health Impact of Environmental Chemical Mixtures: PCBs and Hypertension in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE cumulative risk assessment; PCBs; hypertension ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; LIPID ADJUSTMENT; CONTAMINANTS; PLASMA; RISKS AB We describe an approach to examine the association between exposure to chemical mixtures and a health outcome, using as our case study polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hypertension. The association between serum PCB and hypertension among participants in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was examined. First, unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals. Next, correlation and multicollinearity among PCB congeners was evaluated, and clustering analyses performed to determine groups of related congeners. Finally, a weighted sum was constructed to represent the relative importance of each congener in relation to hypertension risk. PCB serum concentrations varied by demographic characteristics, and were on average higher among those with hypertension. Logistic regression results showed mixed findings by congener and class. Further analyses identified groupings of correlated PCBs. Using a weighted sum approach to equalize different ranges and potencies, PCBs 66, 101, 118, 128 and 187 were significantly associated with increased risk of hypertension. Epidemiologic data were used to demonstrate an approach to evaluating the association between a complex environmental exposure and health outcome. The complexity of analyzing a large number of related exposures, where each may have different potency and range, are addressed in the context of the association between hypertension risk and exposure to PCBs. C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Yorita; White, Paul] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Christensen, KLY (reprint author), US EPA, Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM christensen.krista@epa.gov; white.paul@epa.gov NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4220 EP 4237 DI 10.3390/ijerph8114220 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 857DH UT WOS:000297694600007 ER PT J AU Scott, CS Jinot, J AF Scott, Cheryl Siegel Jinot, Jennifer TI Trichloroethylene and Cancer: Systematic and Quantitative Review of Epidemiologic Evidence for Identifying Hazards SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE trichloroethylene; meta-analysis; kidney cancer; liver cancer; NHL; occupational exposure ID NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; JOB-EXPOSURE MATRIX; EXTENDED FOLLOW-UP; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; RISK-FACTORS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; METALWORKING FLUIDS; AEROSPACE WORKERS AB We conducted a meta-analysis focusing on studies with high potential for trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure to provide quantitative evaluations of the evidence for associations between TCE exposure and kidney, liver, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cancers. A systematic review documenting essential design features, exposure assessment approaches, statistical analyses, and potential sources of confounding and bias identified twenty-four cohort and case-control studies on TCE and the three cancers of interest with high potential for exposure, including five recently published case-control studies of kidney cancer or NHL. Fixed- and random-effects models were fitted to the data on overall exposure and on the highest exposure group. Sensitivity analyses examined the influence of individual studies and of alternative risk estimate selections. For overall TCE exposure and kidney cancer, the summary relative risk (RRm) estimate from the random effects model was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.43), with a higher RRm for the highest exposure groups (1.58, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.96). The RRm estimates were not overly sensitive to alternative risk estimate selections or to removal of an individual study. There was no apparent heterogeneity or publication bias. For NHL, RRm estimates for overall exposure and for the highest exposure group, respectively, were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.42) and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.82) and, for liver cancer, 1.29 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and 1.28 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.77). Our findings provide strong support for a causal association between TCE exposure and kidney cancer. The support is strong but less robust for NHL, where issues of study heterogeneity, potential publication bias, and weaker exposure-response results contribute uncertainty, and more limited for liver cancer, where only cohort studies with small numbers of cases were available. C1 [Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Jinot, Jennifer] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Scott, CS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Scott.Cheryl@epa.gov; Jinot.Jennifer@epa.gov NR 78 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 16 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4238 EP NII_163 DI 10.3390/ijerph8114238 PG 35 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 857DH UT WOS:000297694600008 PM 22163205 ER PT J AU Stolt, M Bradley, M Turenne, J Payne, M Scherer, E Cicchetti, G Shumchenia, E Guarinello, M King, J Boothroyd, J Oakley, B Thornber, C August, P AF Stolt, Mark Bradley, Michael Turenne, Jim Payne, Maggie Scherer, Eric Cicchetti, Giancarlo Shumchenia, Emily Guarinello, Marisa King, John Boothroyd, Jon Oakley, Bryan Thornber, Carol August, Peter TI Mapping Shallow Coastal Ecosystems: A Case Study of a Rhode Island Lagoon SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bathymetry; subaqueous soils; depositional environments; side-scan sonar; sediment profile imagery; sediment cores; geology; biological communities; submerged habitats; CMECS; data integration ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; BENTHIC HABITAT; SEDIMENT RELATIONS; NARRAGANSETT BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER-QUALITY; CLASSIFICATION; MARINE; ESTUARY; SONAR AB STOLT, M.; BRADLEY, M.; TURENNE, J.; PAYNE, M.; SCHERER, E.; CICCHETTI, G.; SHUMCHENIA, E.; GUARINELLO, M.; KING, J.; BOOTHROYD, J.; OAKLEY, B.; THORNBER, C., and AUGUST, P., 2011. Mapping shallow coastal ecosystems: a case study of a Rhode Island lagoon. Journal of Coastal Research, 27(6A), 1-15. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In order to effectively study, manage, conserve, and sustain shallow-subtidal ecosystems, a spatial inventory of the basic resources and habitats is essential. Because of the complexities of shallow-subtidal substrates, benthic communities, geology, geomorphology, and water column attributes, few standard protocols are fully articulated and tested that describe the mapping and inventory processes and accompanying interpretations. In this paper, we describe a systematic approach to map Rhode Island's shallow-subtidal coastal lagoon ecosystems, by using, integrating, and reconciling multiple data sets to identify the geology, soils, biological communities, and environments that, collectively, define each shallow-subtidal habitat. We constructed maps for these lagoons via a deliberate, step by step approach. Acoustics and geostatistical modeling were used to create a bathymetric map. These data were analyzed to identify submerged landforms and geologic boundaries. Geologic interpretations were verified with video and grab samples. Soils were sampled, characterized, and mapped within the context of the landscape and geologic boundaries. Biological components and distributions were investigated using acoustics, grab samples, video, and sediment profile images. Data sets were cross-referenced and ground-truthed to test for inconsistencies. Maps and geospatial data, with Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)-compliant metadata, were finalized after reconciling data set inconsistencies and made available on the Internet. These data allow for classification in the revised Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS). With these maps, we explored potential relationships among and between physical and biological parameters. In some cases, we discovered a clear match between habitat measures; in others, however, relationships were more difficult to distinguish and require further investigation. C1 [Stolt, Mark; Bradley, Michael; August, Peter] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Turenne, Jim; Payne, Maggie; Scherer, Eric] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Warwick, RI 02886 USA. [Cicchetti, Giancarlo] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Shumchenia, Emily; King, John] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Guarinello, Marisa] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Boothroyd, Jon; Oakley, Bryan] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Thornber, Carol] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [August, Peter] Univ Rhode Isl, Coastal Inst, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Stolt, M (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM mstolt@uri.edu FU NOAA CSC [NA06NOS4730220]; NSF [0504103]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) NRCS [68-1106-5-02]; Rhode Island Sea Grant College Program FX This research is funded by NOAA CSC grant award NA06NOS4730220, NSF Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program grant 0504103, a grant to the North Atlantic Coast Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) NRCS (68-1106-5-02), and grants from the Rhode Island Sea Grant College Program. We are grateful for the assistance and support provided by Judy Doerner and Roylene Rides at the Door at NRCS; Tim Mooney, Senator Lincoln Chafee, and Senator Jack Reed; and James Lewis Free and Miki Schmidt at NOAA CSC. We wish to thank three anonymous reviewers for many helpful comments that improved the clarity of the paper. NR 78 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 31 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 27 IS 6A SU S BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.2122/JCOASTRES-D-11-00002.1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 851NT UT WOS:000297278500001 ER PT J AU Puchalski, MA Sather, ME Walker, JT Lelunann, CMB Gay, DA Mathew, J Robargef, WP AF Puchalski, Melissa A. Sather, Mark E. Walker, John T. Lelunann, Christopher M. B. Gay, David A. Mathew, Johnson Robargef, Wayne P. TI Passive ammonia monitoring in the United States: Comparing three different sampling devices SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA; EMISSION INVENTORY; AGRICULTURAL SITE; AIR; VEGETATION; NH3; PRECIPITATION; EXCHANGE; FIELD; USA AB The need for ambient gaseous ammonia (NH(3)) measurements has increased in the last decade as reactive NH(3) concentrations and deposition fluxes show little change even with tightening standards on nitrogen oxides (NO) emissions. Currently, there are several networks developing methods for adding NH(3) measurements in the U.S. Gaseous NH(3) measurements will provide scientists and policymakers data which can be used to estimate ecosystem inputs, validate air quality models including trends and regional variability, and evaluate changes to the environment based on additional emission reduction requirements and estimates of critical nitrogen load exceedances. The passive samplers described in this paper were deployed in duplicate or triplicate and collocated with annular denuders or continuous instruments to determine their accuracy. The samplers assessed included the Adapted Low-Cost Passive High Absorption (ALPHA), Radiello (R), and Ogawa passive samplers. The median relative percent differences (MRPD) between the reference method and passive samplers for the ALPHA, Radiello (R) and Ogawa were -2.4%, -37% and -44%, respectively. The precision between duplicate samplers for the ALPHA and Ogawa samplers, was 7% and 6%, respectively. Triplicate Radiello (R) precision was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV). The CV for the Radiello (R) samplers was 10%. This article discusses the statistical results from these studies. C1 [Puchalski, Melissa A.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Sather, Mark E.] US EPA, Air Qual Anal Sect, Dallas, TX USA. [Walker, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lelunann, Christopher M. B.; Gay, David A.] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Mathew, Johnson] US EPA, Houston Lab, Houston, TX USA. [Robargef, Wayne P.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Puchalski, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM puchalski.melissa@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 31 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 13 IS 11 BP 3156 EP 3167 DI 10.1039/c1em10553a PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 854XJ UT WOS:000297527800021 PM 22009295 ER PT J AU Burgess, RM Konovets, IM Kipnis, LS Lyashenko, AV Grintsov, VA Petrov, AN Terletskaya, AV Milyukin, MV Povolotskii, MI Demchenko, VY Bogoslovskaya, TA Topkin, YV Vorobyova, TV Portis, LM Ho, KT AF Burgess, Robert M. Konovets, Igor M. Kipnis, Ludmila S. Lyashenko, Artem V. Grintsov, Vladimir A. Petrov, Alexei N. Terletskaya, Anna V. Milyukin, Mykhailo V. Povolotskii, Mark I. Demchenko, Victor Y. Bogoslovskaya, Tatiyana A. Topkin, Yuri V. Vorobyova, Tatiyana V. Portis, Lisa M. Ho, Kay T. TI Distribution, magnitude and characterization of the toxicity of Ukrainian estuarine sediments SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Ukraine; Estuary; Acute sediment toxicity; Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE); Hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs); Remediation ID BLACK-SEA; IDENTIFICATION EVALUATION; TECHNICAL BASIS; WHOLE-SEDIMENT; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; QUALITY CRITERIA; PORE-WATER; MARINE; BAY; USA AB During the Soviet era, Ukraine was an important industrial and agricultural region of the Soviet Union. This industrial and agricultural activity resulted in contamination of Ukraine's estuaries with legacy anthropogenic pollutants. Investigations on the toxicological effects of this estuarine contamination have been limited. For this research, we measured the toxicity of contaminated sediments from four Ukrainian estuaries to several aquatic organisms over 3 years. Sediment chemical analyses and whole sediment toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs) were also performed to determine the classes of contaminants contributing to toxicity. Toxic sediments were observed in several of the Ukrainian estuaries and chemical analyses of the sediments demonstrated anthropogenic contaminants were widely distributed. Contaminants were also detected in macrobenthic organisms collected from the sediments. Several lines of evidence, including TIEs, indicated hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) were contributing substantially to observed toxicity. This information can guide environmental managers to prioritize portions of the estuaries requiring remediation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Burgess, Robert M.; Portis, Lisa M.; Ho, Kay T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Konovets, Igor M.; Kipnis, Ludmila S.; Lyashenko, Artem V.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Kiev, Ukraine. [Grintsov, Vladimir A.; Petrov, Alexei N.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Biol So Seas, Sevastopol, Ukraine. [Terletskaya, Anna V.; Milyukin, Mykhailo V.; Demchenko, Victor Y.; Bogoslovskaya, Tatiyana A.; Topkin, Yuri V.; Vorobyova, Tatiyana V.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Colloidal Chem & Chem Water, Kiev, Ukraine. [Povolotskii, Mark I.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Organ Chem, Kiev, Ukraine. RP Burgess, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM burgess.robert@epa.gov RI Konovets, Igor/C-7512-2017; Petrov, Alexei/F-7084-2016 OI Konovets, Igor/0000-0003-4234-5026; Petrov, Alexei/0000-0002-0137-486X FU United States Department of State and Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. EPA FX The authors thank Denise Champlin, Anne Kuhn, Wayne Munns, and Jonathan Serbst for their insightful comments. The authors also thank Patricia De Castro (SRA, Narragansett, RI, USA) for preparation of the figures. This research was funded by the United States Department of State and Environmental Protection Agency Former Bio-Chem Weapons Scientists Re-Direct Program administered by the Science and Technology Center of Ukraine (STCU). The authors wish to thank Iryna Tomashevska (STCU), Barbara Sherman (U.S. EPA), and Doug Steele (U.S. EPA) for their administrative support of this research. This paper is dedicated to the late Bill Freeman (U.S. EPA) for his tireless support of this research and the Re-Direct program. This is NHEERL-AED, Narragansett Contribution AED-11-086 Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This report has been reviewed by the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 62 IS 11 BP 2442 EP 2462 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.08.023 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 852YQ UT WOS:000297393800034 PM 21944545 ER PT J AU Kelley, MA Gillespie, A Zhou, GD Zhang, S Meador, JP Duncan, B Donnelly, KC McDonald, TJ AF Kelley, Matthew A. Gillespie, Annika Zhou, Guo-Dong Zhang, Shu Meador, James P. Duncan, Bruce Donnelly, Kirby C. McDonald, Thomas J. TI In situ biomonitoring of caged, juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Lower Duwamish Waterway SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Sediment; Lower Duwamish Waterway; Chinook salmon; Caged exposure ID SOLE PAROPHRYS-VETULUS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYMES; SEDIMENT QUALITY THRESHOLDS; RAINBOW-TROUT; DNA-ADDUCTS; PUGET-SOUND; BENTHIC FISH; MARINE FISH; CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE AB Contaminated sediments may have wide-ranging impacts on human and ecological health. A series of in situ caged exposure studies using juvenile Chinook salmon was conducted in the Lower Duwamish Waterway (LDW). Chemical analysis of sediment, water, and fish tissue were completed. Additionally, in 2004, DNA adducts in hepatic and gill tissues were measured. Gills contained significantly higher DNA adducts at stations B2 and B4, prompting further analysis of gills in 2006 and 2007. Fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile, and CYP1A1 in hepatic tissue were also measured during 2006 and 2007, respectively. FACs in field-caged fish were comparable or significantly higher than wild-caught fish LDW fish and significantly higher than lab fish after only 8-10 days, demonstrating the equivalency of exposure to that of migrating salmon. Furthermore, selected biomarkers appear to be capable of detecting spikes in contamination between sampling years, emphasizing the need for multiple year data collection. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelley, Matthew A.; Gillespie, Annika; Donnelly, Kirby C.; McDonald, Thomas J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhou, Guo-Dong; Zhang, Shu] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Biosci & Technol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Meador, James P.] NOAA, Ecotoxicol & Environm Fish Hlth Program, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Duncan, Bruce] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP McDonald, TJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, 1266 TAMU,SRPH Bldg A,101 Adriance Rd, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM tmcdonald@srph.tamhsc.edu FU NIEHS [P42 ES04917]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceans and Human Health [NA05NS4781253]; Region 10 office of the USEPA; USEPA Region 10 FX `This work was supported by an NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) Grant to Texas A&M University (P42 ES04917). Additional funding for the study was provided in part from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceans and Human Health Program (NA05NS4781253), and the Region 10 office of the USEPA. The efforts of Shirley Wang during sample collection and Dr. Ling Yu He during sample extraction are much appreciated. The authors also wish to show their appreciation to members of USEPA, Region 10, including but not limited to Allison Hiltner, Grechen Schmidt, Doc Thompson, the EPA Region 10 Dive Team, as well as boat captains and staff at the USEPA Manchester Lab. In addition, the authors wish to thank Guy Crow of South Parking Marina for allowing use of his facility during sample collection. The efforts of Frank Sommers at NOAA are also appreciated.; The views and opinions expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily reflect those of the US Environmental Protection Agency or the National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration. In addition, although USEPA Region 10 provided research support for this work, their effort was not a part of the negotiated risk assessment for the Lower Duwarnish Waterway Superfund site. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 62 IS 11 BP 2520 EP 2532 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.07.026 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 852YQ UT WOS:000297393800042 PM 21906759 ER PT J AU Mortensen, HM Froment, A Lema, G Bodo, JM Ibrahim, M Nyambo, TB Omar, SA Tishkoff, SA AF Mortensen, Holly M. Froment, Alain Lema, Godfrey Bodo, Jean-Marie Ibrahim, Muntaser Nyambo, Thomas B. Omar, Sabah A. Tishkoff, Sarah A. TI Characterization of genetic variation and natural selection at the arylamine N-acetyltransferase genes in global human populations SO PHARMACOGENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Africa; arylamine N-acetyltransferase; drug-metabolizing enzyme loci; natural selection; xenobiotic-metabolizing loci ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; HUMAN GENOME; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; GENOTYPE DATA; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; STATISTICAL-METHOD; COLORECTAL-CANCER; AFRICAN-AMERICANS AB Functional variability at the arylamine N-acetyltransferase genes is associated with drug response in humans and may have been adaptive in the past owing to selection pressure from diet and exposure to toxins during human evolution. Aims: We have characterized nucleotide variation at the NAT1 and NAT2 genes, and at the NATP1 pseudogene in global human populations, including many previously under-represented African populations, in order to identify potential functional variants and to understand the role that natural selection has played in shaping variation at these loci in globally diverse populations. Materials & methods: We have resequenced approximately 2800 bp for each of the NAT1 and NAT2 gene regions, as well as the pseudogene NATP1, in 197 African and 132 nonAfrican individuals. Results & conclusion: We observe a signature of balancing selection maintaining variation in the 3'-UTR of NAT1, suggesting that these variants may play a functional role that is currently undefined. In addition, we observed high levels of nonsynonymous functional variation at the NAT2 locus that differs amongst ethnically diverse populations. C1 [Mortensen, Holly M.; Tishkoff, Sarah A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mortensen, Holly M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Froment, Alain] Musee Homme Paris, IRD MNHN, UMR 208, F-75116 Paris, France. [Lema, Godfrey; Nyambo, Thomas B.] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Biochem, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Bodo, Jean-Marie] Minist Rech Sci & Innovat, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Ibrahim, Muntaser] Univ Khartoum, Dept Mol Biol, Inst Endem Dis, Khartoum 1513, Sudan. [Omar, Sabah A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, Nairobi 5484000200, Kenya. [Tishkoff, Sarah A.] Univ Penn, Dept Genet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Tishkoff, SA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tishkoff@mail.med.upenn.edu FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) IGERT [9987590]; NSF [BCS 0196183, BCS-0827436]; NIH [R01GM076637, DP1-OD-006445-01] FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) IGERT grant 9987590 to Holly M Mortensen and Sarah A Tishkoff, NSF grants BCS 0196183, and BCS-0827436, NIH grants R01GM076637 and DP1-OD-006445-01 to Sarah A Tishkoff. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 76 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1462-2416 J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS JI Pharmacogenomics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 11 BP 1545 EP 1558 DI 10.2217/PGS.11.88 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 853YP UT WOS:000297461900013 PM 21995608 ER PT J AU Tallent, N Nash, M Cross, CL Walker, LR AF Tallent, Nita Nash, Maliha Cross, Chad L. Walker, Lawrence R. TI PATTERNS IN SHORELINE VEGETATION AND SOILS AROUND LAKE MOHAVE, NEVADA AND ARIZONA: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; RIVER REGULATION; COLORADO RIVER; UNITED-STATES; NATIVE TREES; GRAND-CANYON; GRAVEL-PIT; ECOSYSTEMS; RESTORATION AB Lake Mohave, on the lower Colorado River in Nevada and Arizona, was created by the construction of Davis Dam for power generation, flood control, and water supply. Management has led to the periodic lowering of the water level of the reservoir (drawdown), such that it reveals a gradient of zones around the margins of the reservoir that range from frequently inundated to frequently dry. The initial filling of Lake Mohave flooded the preexisting native riparian woodlands of Populus-Salix (cottonwood-willow), creating a new shoreline and plant community. We analyzed the spatial distribution of the plant species that dominate the plant community (i.e., native Salix g,gooddingii C. R. Ball [Goodding's willow] and nonindigenous Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. [saltcedar]) and the soil components to discern patterns. Data analyses and modeling indicate that there are 3 emergent patterns in the distribution and composition of vegetation and soils. First, even though both S. gooddingii and T ramosissima were present in the inundated zones, there were more mature S. gooddingii individuals in the frequently inundated reaches, while T ramosissima presence and cover increased with distance from the water's edge. Salix gooddingii seedlings were not observed, but T ramosissima seedlings were present in all zones. The only regeneration of S. gooddingii was vegetative. Naturally occurring Populus fremontii S. Watson (Fremont cottonwood) was completely absent in the drawdown and upland plant communities. Second, soil salinity and pH values range from 49.4 to 0 dS . m(-1) and 6.4 to 9.4, respectively, and varied significantly with landform type and geographic location along the reservoir Patterns in soil chemistry may be related to shore geomorphology that either shelters or exposes soils to wave action, which mechanically agitates, aerates, and flushes soils. Presence of Salix gooddingii in the frequently inundated zones and the co-occurrence of T ramosissima and relatively high soil salinity concentration reflect patterns among plant flood tolerance and soil responses to periodic inundation. While reasons for the absence of P fremontii are unknown, the absence of S. gooddingii seedlings may be related to the fact that seed release coincides with the period when the reservoir is at its highest, thereby limiting recruitment. Third, the only regeneration of S. gooddingii appeared to have occurred following herbivory (Castor canadensis Kuhl [North American beaver]) and wind damage. We conclude with suggestions for the conservation of novel riparian ecosystems as surrogates for lost native ecosystems. These suggestions include manipulating reservoir water levels to simulate natural fluvial processes so that nonnative plant establishment is inhibited, excessive soil salts are flushed from the system, and native transplants can be established. C1 [Tallent, Nita] Natl Pk Serv, Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring, US Dept Interior, Boulder City, NV 89005 USA. [Nash, Maliha] US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Cross, Chad L.] SWCA Environm Consultants, Las Vegas Off, Las Vegas, NV 89128 USA. [Walker, Lawrence R.] Univ Nevada, Dept Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Tallent, N (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring, US Dept Interior, 601 Nevada Way, Boulder City, NV 89005 USA. EM nita_tallent-halsell@nps.gov FU National Park Service; Lake Mead Recreation Area; U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Regional Office FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Park Service, Lake Mead Recreation Area, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Regional Office. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research. This manuscript has been subject to intra-agency peer review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of J. Halsell, J. Boucher, A. Halsell, C. Malsy, D. Knox, L. Guthrie, D. Bradford, P Grossmann, D. Devitt, S. Smith, J. Haley, C. Deuser, B. Pelle, M. Rowe, J. Swett, M. Balough, A. Neale, D. Semmens, B. Schumacher, M. Butterwick, M. Mitrano, V Dale, and several anonymous reviewers for field support, technical expertise, manuscript review, equipment, and instrumentation. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 23 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD NOV PY 2011 VL 71 IS 3 BP 374 EP 387 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 855AW UT WOS:000297536900008 ER PT J AU Anlauf, KJ Jensen, DW Burnett, KM Steel, EA Christiansen, K Firman, JC Feist, BE Larsen, DP AF Anlauf, K. J. Jensen, D. W. Burnett, K. M. Steel, E. A. Christiansen, K. Firman, J. C. Feist, B. E. Larsen, D. P. TI Explaining spatial variability in stream habitats using both natural and management-influenced landscape predictors SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE landscape scale; fish habitat; conservation evaluation; habitat management; monitoring; stream; coastal ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; LAND-USE; COASTAL STREAMS; CHINOOK SALMON; MULTIPLE-REGRESSION; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; LINEAR-REGRESSION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; COLUMBIA RIVER AB 1. The distribution and composition of in-stream habitats are reflections of landscape scale geomorphic and climatic controls. Correspondingly, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are largely adapted to and constrained by the quality and complexity of those in-stream habitat conditions. The degree to which lands have been fragmented and managed can disrupt these patterns and affect overall habitat availability and quality. 2. Eleven in-stream habitat features were modelled as a function of landscape composition. In total, 121 stream reaches within coastal catchments of Oregon were modelled. For each habitat feature, three linear regression models were applied in sequence; final models were composed of the immutable and management-influenced landscape predictors that best described the variability in stream habitat. 3. Immutable landscape predictors considered proxies for stream power described the majority of the variability seen in stream habitat features. Management-influenced landscape predictors, describing the additional human impacts beyond that which was inherently entwined with the immutable predictors, explained a sizeable proportion of variability. The largest response was seen in wood volume and pool frequency. 4. By using a sequential linear regression analysis, management-influenced factors could be segregated from natural gradients to identify those stream habitat features that may be more sensitive to land-use pressures. These results contribute to the progressing notion that the conservation of freshwater resources is best accomplished by investigating and managing stream systems from a landscape perspective. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Anlauf, K. J.; Firman, J. C.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Burnett, K. M.; Christiansen, K.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Burnett, K. M.; Christiansen, K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Steel, E. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Larsen, D. P.] US EPA, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Feist, B. E.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Anlauf, KJ (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis Res Lab, 28655 Hwy 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kara.Anlauf-Dunn@oregonstate.edu OI Feist, Blake/0000-0001-5215-4878 FU Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board; NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We thank Dr. John Stein at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, Aquatic Conservation editor Professor Philip Boon, and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive suggestions. We would also like to acknowledge and thank the field crews who collected the wealth of habitat data. This work was funded by a grant from the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board with additional support from NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 74 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 7 BP 704 EP 714 DI 10.1002/aqc.1221 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 851OZ UT WOS:000297282000010 ER PT J AU Ghestem, M Sidle, RC Stokes, A AF Ghestem, Murielle Sidle, Roy C. Stokes, Alexia TI The Influence of Plant Root Systems on Subsurface Flow: Implications for Slope Stability SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE macropores; root channels; preferential flow paths; landslides; root architecture ID THIN-SECTION TECHNIQUE; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; SOIL CONTACT; WHEAT ROOTS; FOREST; ARCHITECTURE; VEGETATION; DIFFERENTIATION; ASSOCIATION; RHIZOSPHERE AB Although research has explained how plant roots mechanically stabilize soils, in this article we explore how root systems create networks of preferential flow and thus influence water pressures in soils to trigger landslides. Root systems may alter subsurface flow: Hydrological mechanisms that promote lower pore-water pressures in soils are beneficial to slope stability whereas those increasing pore pressure are adverse. Preferential flow of water occurs in the following types of root channels: (a) channels formed by dead or decaying roots, (b) channels formed by decayed roots that are newly occupied by living roots, and (c) channels formed around live roots. The architectural analysis of root systems improves our understanding of how roots grow initially, develop, die, and interconnect. Conceptual examples and case studies are presented to illustrate how root architecture and diverse traits (e.g., diameter; length, orientation, topology, sinuosity, decay rate) affect the creation of root channels and thus affect preferential flow. C1 [Ghestem, Murielle] Agro ParisTech Coll, Paris, France. [Ghestem, Murielle; Stokes, Alexia] Joint Res Unit Bot & Computat Plant Architecture, Montpellier, France. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. RP Ghestem, M (reprint author), Agro ParisTech Coll, Paris, France. EM murielle.ghestem@cirad.fr OI stokes, alexia/0000-0002-2276-0911 FU INRA (French National Institute of Agronomy), France FX Funding was received from INRA (French National Institute of Agronomy; Immersion Projects and Jeune Equipe), France. We are grateful to Appalachian State University and, particularly, the Department of Geology, which gave MG a warm welcome during her stay in Boone, North Carolina. Thanks are due to Tristan Charles-Dominique for help with image software. The joint research unit AMAP (Botanique et Bioinformatique de l'Architecture des Plantes) is affiliated with CIRAD (French Center of Agricultural Research for Development), CNRS (French National Center for Scientific Research), INRA, IRD (French Institute of Research for Development), and Montpellier 2 University. This article has been reviewed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's peer- and administrative-review policies and approved for presentation and publication. NR 66 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 53 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD NOV PY 2011 VL 61 IS 11 BP 869 EP 879 DI 10.1525/bio.2011.61.11.6 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 853AM UT WOS:000297398600006 ER PT J AU Aydin, C Grace, CE Gordon, CJ AF Aydin, Cenk Grace, Curtis E. Gordon, Christopher J. TI Effect of physical restraint on the limits of thermoregulation in telemetered rats SO EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORE TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; STRESS; HYPOTHERMIA; ADAPTATION; SKIN; MICE AB Physical restraint of rodents is needed for nose-only exposure to airborne toxicants and is also used as a means of psychological stress. Hyperthermia is often observed in restrained rats, presumably as a result of impairments in heat dissipation. However, such a hyperthermic response should be dependent on the prevailing ambient conditions. To understand how ambient temperature (Ta) affects the thermoregulatory response to restraint, core temperature (Tc) and heart rate (HR) were monitored by telemetry in rats subjected to 1 h of physical restraint while Ta was maintained at 1430 degrees C in 2 degrees C increments. The Tc of unrestrained rats was unaffected by Ta. During restraint, Tc was elevated at ambient temperatures with the exception of 14 degrees C, at which the rats became mildly hypothermic. There was an inverse relationship between Ta and HR in both unrestrained and restrained rats; however, HR was significantly elevated in restrained rats at all ambient temperatures except 22 and 24 degrees C. Heat loss from the tail, estimated from Tc and tail skin temperature, was markedly reduced at all but the highest ambient temperatures in restrained rats. The data suggest that the Ta limits of normothermia are narrowed in the restrained rat. That is, between 16 and 20 degrees C, the rat maintains a relatively stable Tc that is slightly elevated above that of the unrestrained rat. At ambient temperatures above or below this range, the rat shows signs of hyperthermia and hypothermia, respectively. In contrast, the limits of normothermia for unrestrained rats range from 14 (or lower) to 30 degrees C. Overall, the ideal Ta for restrained rats appears to be 20 degrees C and no higher than 22 degrees C for the thermoregulatory system to maintain a regulated Tc in rats well adapted to physical restraint. C1 [Grace, Curtis E.; Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Aydin, Cenk] Uludag Univ, Dept Physiol, Fac Vet Med, TR-16059 Bursa, Turkey. RP Gordon, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gordon.christopher@epa.gov OI Aydin, Cenk/0000-0002-3090-0099 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0958-0670 J9 EXP PHYSIOL JI Exp. Physiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 96 IS 11 BP 1218 EP 1227 DI 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.060301 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 849UM UT WOS:000297150800012 PM 21890524 ER PT J AU Smith, SB Maixner, DW Greenspan, JD Dubner, R Fillingim, RB Ohrbach, R Knott, C Slade, GD Bair, E Gibson, DG Zaykin, DV Weir, BS Maixner, W Diatchenko, L AF Smith, Shad B. Maixner, Dylan W. Greenspan, Joel D. Dubner, Ronald Fillingim, Roger B. Ohrbach, Richard Knott, Charles Slade, Gary D. Bair, Eric Gibson, Dustin G. Zaykin, Dmitri V. Weir, Bruce S. Maixner, William Diatchenko, Luda TI Potential Genetic Risk Factors for Chronic TMD: Genetic Associations from the OPPERA Case Control Study SO JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE Pain genetics; temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD); association study; HTR2A; COMT; NR3C1; CAMK4; CHRM2; IFRD1; GRK5 ID TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS; PAIN PERCEPTION; RECEPTOR; POLYMORPHISM; DYSFUNCTION; HERITABILITY; SENSITIVITY; MULTILOCUS; ANALGESIA; HAPLOTYPE AB Genetic factors play a role in the etiology of persistent pain conditions, putatively by modulating underlying processes such as nociceptive sensitivity, psychological well-being, inflammation, and autonomic response. However, to date, only a few genes have been associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study evaluated 358 genes involved in pain processes, comparing allelic frequencies between 166 cases with chronic TMD and 1,442 controls enrolled in the OPPERA (Orofacial Pain: Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment) study cooperative agreement. To enhance statistical power, 182 TMD cases and 170 controls from a similar study were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed using the Pain Research Panel, an Affymetrix gene chip representing 3,295 single nucleotide polymorphisms, including ancestry-informative markers that were used to adjust for population stratification. Adjusted associations between genetic markers and TMD case status were evaluated using logistic regression. The OPPERA findings provided evidence supporting previously reported associations between TMD and 2 genes: HTR2A and COMT. Other genes were revealed as potential new genetic risk factors for TMD, including NR3C1, CAMK4, CHRM2, IFRD1, and GRK5. While these findings need to be replicated in independent cohorts, the genes potentially represent important markers of risk for TMD, and they identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Perspective: Genetic risk factors for TMD pain were explored in the case-control component of the OPPERA cooperative agreement, a large population-based prospective cohort study. Over 350 candidate pain genes were assessed using a candidate gene panel, with several genes displaying preliminary evidence for association with TMD status. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Pain Society C1 [Diatchenko, Luda] Univ N Carolina, Sch Dent, Ctr Neurosensory Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Slade, Gary D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Dent Ecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Slade, Gary D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bair, Eric; Maixner, William; Diatchenko, Luda] Univ N Carolina, Dept Endodont, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bair, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Maixner, William] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Greenspan, Joel D.; Dubner, Ronald] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Neural & Pain Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Greenspan, Joel D.; Dubner, Ronald] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Brotman Facial Pain Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Fillingim, Roger B.] Univ Florida, Dept Community Dent & Behav Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ohrbach, Richard] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Oral Diagnost Serv, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Knott, Charles] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Zaykin, Dmitri V.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Weir, Bruce S.] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Diatchenko, Luda] Carolina Ctr Genome Sci Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Diatchenko, L (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Dent, Ctr Neurosensory Disorders, CB 7450, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM lbdiatch@email.unc.edu RI Weir, Bruce/A-2894-2013; OI Bair, Eric/0000-0001-8733-7869; Greenspan, Joel/0000-0003-4062-9797; Gibson, Dustin/0000-0002-9073-3376 FU NIH [U01DE017018, DE016558, P01NS045685, R01DE016155, F32DE019057]; NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (DZ) FX Supported by NIH grants U01DE017018, DE016558, P01NS045685, R01DE016155, and F32DE019057, and by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (DZ). The OPPERA program also acknowledges resources specifically provided for this project by the respective host universities: University at Buffalo, University of Florida, University of Maryland-Baltimore, and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. NR 45 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 15 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1526-5900 J9 J PAIN JI J. Pain PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 11 SU 3 BP T92 EP T101 DI 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.08.005 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 852TI UT WOS:000297380000008 PM 22074755 ER PT J AU Rivera, N Choi, S Strepka, C Mueller, K Perdrial, N Chorover, J O'Day, PA AF Rivera, Nelson Choi, Sunkyung Strepka, Caleb Mueller, Karl Perdrial, Nicolas Chorover, Jon O'Day, Peggy A. TI Cesium and strontium incorporation into zeolite-type phases during homogeneous nucleation from caustic solutions SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Zeolite X; sodalite; cancrinite; strontium; cesium ID SIMULATED TANK-WASTE; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NITRATE-CANCRINITE; HYPERALKALINE CONDITIONS; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; HANFORD SEDIMENTS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ION-EXCHANGE; X-FAUJASITE AB Formation of faujasite- and sodalite/cancrinite-type phases associated with caustic waste reactions in the environment may structurally incorporate contaminant species such as radioactive Sr2+ and Cs+, and thus provide a mechanism of attenuation. To investigate mineral evolution and structural incorporation of cations in simplified experiments, aluminosilicate solids were precipitated homogeneously at room temperature from batch solutions containing a 1:1 molal ratio of Si to Al and 10(-3) molal Sr and/or Cs, and aged for 30 or 548 days. Syntheses were done with solutions in equilibrium with atmospheric CO2 and with gas-purged solutions. Experimental products were characterized by bulk chemical analyses, chemical extractions, XRD, SEM/TEM, TGA, solid-state Al-27 NMR, and Sr EXAFS. Chemical analysis showed that solids had a 1:1 Al:Si molar ratio, and that Sr was sequestered at higher amounts than Cs. After 30 days of aging in purged solutions, XRD showed that zeolite X (faujasite-type) was the only crystalline product. After aging 30 and 548 days in solutions equilibrated with atmospheric CO2, a mixture of sodalite, cancrinite, and minor zeolite X were produced. Surface areas of solids at 30 days were much lower than published values for zeolite phases synthesized at high temperature, although particle aging produced more crystalline and less aggregated phases with higher bulk surface areas. Characterization of products by Al-27 NMR indicated only tetrahedrally coordinated Al. Measured isotropic shifts of primary resonances did not change substantially with precipitate aging although the primary mineral phase changed from zeolite X to sodalite/cancrinite, indicating local ordering of Al-Si tetrahedra. Analysis of reaction products by Sr EXAFS suggested Sr bonding in hexagonal prisms and six-membered rings of the supercages of zeolite X that may be more site specific than those of monovalent cations. For samples aged for 548 days, interatomic distances from Sr-EXAFS are consistent with partial Sr dehydration and bonding to framework oxygen atoms in socialite cages or in large channels in cancrinite. Incorporation of Sr into both faujasite and sodalite/cancrinite phases is favored over Cs during room-temperature synthesis, possibly because of increased cation site competition between Cs+ and Na+ Results of this study help to constrain cation incorporation into sodalite/canctinite mineral assemblages that form at caustic waste-impacted field sites and may aid in the predictive modeling of contaminant release. C1 [Rivera, Nelson; O'Day, Peggy A.] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Choi, Sunkyung] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Strepka, Caleb; Mueller, Karl] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Perdrial, Nicolas; Chorover, Jon] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Rivera, N (reprint author), Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM nrivera@ucmerced.edu RI Mueller, Karl/A-3637-2010 FU Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources; Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG07-02ER63504, DE-FG02-06ER64190] FX Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program. This research is funded by the Environmental Remediation Science Program (ERSP), Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Grants DE-FG07-02ER63504 and DE-FG02-06ER64190. The authors thank an anonymous reviewer for suggestions improving the manuscript. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 43 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 96 IS 11-12 BP 1809 EP 1820 DI 10.2138/am.2011.3789 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 851AT UT WOS:000297241400015 ER PT J AU Miura, S Mishina, Y AF Miura, Shigeto Mishina, Yuji TI Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Regulated Tyrosine Kinase Substrate (Hgs) Is Involved in BMP Signaling Through Phosphorylation of SMADs and TAK1 in Early Mouse Embryo SO DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE gastrulation; signal transduction; endosome ID EARLY ENDOSOMES; MESODERM FORMATION; MAMMALIAN EMBRYO; FYVE DOMAIN; STEM-CELLS; IN-VITRO; KAPPA-B; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; HRS AB Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate that is encoded by Hgs promotes degradation of ubiquitinated signaling molecule in the early endosome. We previously reported that a targeted mutation in Hgs results in embryonic lethality soon after gastrulation in the mouse. Here, we report that downstream target genes for BMP signaling were highly down-regulated in the Hgs mutant embryos. We also showed that Hgs is required for phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8 and TAK1/p38 to transduce BMP signaling. Furthermore, we found that HGS functions to localize TAK1 in early endosome for its activation. These results suggest that HGS is critical to localize TAK1 to early endosome for transducing BMP signaling for proper development. Our data revealed a new mechanism to modify BMP signaling by Hgs during early mouse development. Developmental Dynamics 240: 2474-2481, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mishina, Yuji] Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Biol & Mat Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miura, Shigeto; Mishina, Yuji] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Mishina, Y (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Biol & Mat Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mishina@umich.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES071003-11] FX Grant sponsor: Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Grant number: ES071003-11. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1058-8388 J9 DEV DYNAM JI Dev. Dyn. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 240 IS 11 BP 2474 EP 2481 DI 10.1002/dvdy.22750 PG 8 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology GA 847KL UT WOS:000296971700007 PM 21953618 ER PT J AU Russell, M Rogers, J Jordan, S Dantin, D Harvey, J Nestlerode, J Alvarez, F AF Russell, Marc Rogers, John Jordan, Stephen Dantin, Darrin Harvey, James Nestlerode, Janet Alvarez, Federico TI Prioritization of Ecosystem Services Research: Tampa Bay Demonstration Project SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Tampa Bay; Valuation; Conceptual models; Prioritization ID VALUATION AB The Tampa Bay Ecosystem Services Demonstration Project (TBESDP) is part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Ecosystem Services Research Program. The principal objectives of TBESDP are to (1) quantify the ecosystem services of the Tampa Bay watershed, (2) determine the value of ecosystem services to society, (3) predict the supply of ecosystem services under future scenarios of population growth and climate change, and (4) apply this knowledge through models and tools that will support the best informed environmental decisions possible. The scope and complexity of this project required intensive effort to establish which services can be quantified by applying existing models, data, and scientific literature and which services will require supporting research. Research priorities were assessed by: (1) developing and refining conceptual models of major ecosystems in the Tampa Bay region, (2) gathering input from stakeholders about the relative importance and values of various ecosystem services, (3) preparing and reviewing a bibliometric analysis of the volume of scientific literature relevant to the ecosystems and services of interest, and (4) evaluating an integrated analysis of importance, value, and availability of scientific information. This analysis led us to focus on two research priorities, seagrass-habitat functions as support for fishery production, and wetlands as regulators of water quality. C1 [Russell, Marc; Rogers, John; Jordan, Stephen; Dantin, Darrin; Harvey, James; Nestlerode, Janet; Alvarez, Federico] US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Russell, M (reprint author), US EPA, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM russell.marc@epa.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1400-0350 J9 J COAST CONSERV JI J. Coast. Conserv. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 647 EP 658 DI 10.1007/s11852-011-0158-z PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 834DS UT WOS:000295940200020 ER PT J AU Liu, L Chen, C Gong, W Li, YJ Edin, ML Zeldin, DC Wang, DW AF Liu, Liu Chen, Chen Gong, Wei Li, Yuanjing Edin, Matthew L. Zeldin, Darryl C. Wang, Dao Wen TI Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids Attenuate Reactive Oxygen Species Level, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Caspase Activation, and Apoptosis in Carcinoma Cells Treated with Arsenic Trioxide SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; EPOXYGENASE-DERIVED EICOSANOIDS; PROTEIN-KINASE PATHWAY; CERVICAL-CANCER CELLS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; P38 MAPK; DEATH; ROS AB Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase CYP2J2 promote tumorogenesis in vivo and in vitro via direct stimulation of tumor cell growth and inhibition of tumor cell apoptosis. Herein, we describe a novel mechanism of inhibition of tumor cell apoptosis by EETs. In Tca-8113 cancer cells, the antileukemia drug arsenic trioxide (ATO) led to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), impaired mitochondrial function, and induced apoptosis. 11,12-EET pretreatment increased expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and inhibited ATO-induced apoptosis. 11,12-EET also prevented the ATO-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Therefore, 11,12-EET-pretreatment attenuated the ROS generation, loss of mitochondrial function, and caspase activation observed after ATO treatment. Moreover, the CYP2J2-specific inhibitor compound 26 enhanced arsenic cytotoxicity to a clinically relevant concentration of ATO (1-2 mu M). Both the thiol-containing antioxidant, N-acetyl-cysteine, and 11,12-EET reversed the synergistic effect of the two agents. Taken together, these data indicate that 11,12-EET inhibits apoptosis induced by ATO through a mechanism that involves induction of antioxidant proteins and attenuation of ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. C1 [Liu, Liu; Chen, Chen; Gong, Wei; Li, Yuanjing; Wang, Dao Wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Internal Med, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Liu, Liu; Chen, Chen; Gong, Wei; Li, Yuanjing; Wang, Dao Wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Gene Therapy Ctr, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Edin, Matthew L.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wang, DW (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Internal Med, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. EM dwwang@tjh.tjmu.cn OI Edin, Matthew/0000-0002-7042-500X FU China Natural Science Foundation Committee [30700377, 30770882, 30430320]; 973 Project [2007 CB512004]; National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES025034] FX This work was supported by the China Natural Science Foundation Committee [Grants 30700377, 30770882, 30430320]; the 973 Project [Grant 2007 CB512004]; and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Grant Z01-ES025034]. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 339 IS 2 BP 451 EP 463 DI 10.1124/jpet.111.180505 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 840TS UT WOS:000296464800015 PM 21846841 ER PT J AU Uehara, S Murayama, N Nakanishi, Y Zeldin, DC Yamazaki, H Uno, Y AF Uehara, Shotaro Murayama, Norie Nakanishi, Yasuharu Zeldin, Darryl C. Yamazaki, Hiroshi Uno, Yasuhiro TI Immunochemical Detection of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Liver Microsomes of 27 Cynomolgus Monkeys SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID DRUG-METABOLISM; MACACA-FASCICULARIS; IN-VITRO; RHESUS-MONKEY; PHASE-I; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; CYP2C76; HUMANS; POLYMORPHISMS AB The cynomolgus monkey is widely used as a primate model in preclinical studies because of its evolutionary closeness to humans. Despite their importance in drug metabolism, the content of each cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme has not been systematically determined in cynomolgus monkey livers. In this study, liver microsomes of 27 cynomolgus monkeys were analyzed by immunoblotting using selective P450 antibodies. The specificity of each antibody was confirmed by analyzing the cross-reactivity against 19 CYP1-3 subfamily enzymes using recombinant proteins. CYP2A, CYP2B6, CYP2C9/19, CYP2C76, CYP2D, CYP2E, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were detected in all 27 animals. In contrast, CYP1A, CYP1D, and CYP2J were below detectable levels in all liver samples. The average content of each P450 showed that among the P450s analyzed CYP3A (3A4 and 3A5) was the most abundant (40% of total immunoquantified P450), followed by CYP2A (25%), CYP2C (14%), CYP2B6 (13%), CYP2E1 (11%), and CYP2D (3%). No apparent sex differences were found for any P450. Interanimal variations ranged from 2.6-fold (CYP3A) to 11-fold (CYP2C9/19), and most P450s (CYP2A, CYP2D, CYP2E, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5) varied 3- to 4-fold. To examine the correlations of P450 content with enzyme activities, metabolic assays were performed in 27 cynomolgus monkey livers using 7-ethoxyresorufin, coumarin, pentoxyresorufin, flurbiprofen, bufuralol, dextromethorphan, and midazolam. CYP2D and CYP3A4 contents were significantly correlated with typical reactions of human CYP2D (bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation and dextromethorphan O-deethylation) and CYP3A (midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and 4-hydroxylation). The results presented in this study provide useful information for drug metabolism studies using cynomolgus monkeys. C1 [Uno, Yasuhiro] Shin Nippon Biomed Labs Ltd, Genome Res Grp, Pharmacokinet & Bioanal Ctr, Wakayama 6420017, Japan. [Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Murayama, Norie; Yamazaki, Hiroshi] Showa Pharmaceut Univ, Lab Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet, Tokyo, Japan. RP Uno, Y (reprint author), Shin Nippon Biomed Labs Ltd, Genome Res Grp, Pharmacokinet & Bioanal Ctr, 16-1 Minami Akasaka, Wakayama 6420017, Japan. EM uno-yasuhiro@snbl.co.jp OI Yamazaki, Hiroshi/0000-0002-1068-4261 FU National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 339 IS 2 BP 654 EP 661 DI 10.1124/jpet.111.185009 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 840TS UT WOS:000296464800035 PM 21849623 ER PT J AU Harrill, JA Freudenrich, TM Robinette, BL Mundy, WR AF Harrill, Joshua A. Freudenrich, Theresa M. Robinette, Brian L. Mundy, William R. TI Comparative sensitivity of human and rat neural cultures to chemical-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurite outgrowth; High-content image analysis; Human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons; Primary cortical neurons ID DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; IN-VITRO; EXPOSURE ALTERS; NEURONS; CELLS; CRYOPRESERVATION; DIFFERENTIATION; ANIMALS; CALCIUM; MODELS AB There is a need for rapid, efficient and cost-effective alternatives to traditional in vivo developmental neurotoxicity testing. In vitro cell culture models can recapitulate many of the key cellular processes of nervous system development, including neurite outgrowth, and may be used as screening tools to identify potential developmental neurotoxicants. The present study compared primary rat cortical cultures and human embryonic stem cell-derived neural cultures in terms of: 1) reproducibility of high content image analysis based neurite outgrowth measurements, 2) dynamic range of neurite outgrowth measurements and 3) sensitivity to chemicals which have been shown to inhibit neurite outgrowth. There was a large increase in neurite outgrowth between 2 and 24 h in both rat and human cultures. Image analysis data collected across multiple cultures demonstrated that neurite outgrowth measurements in rat cortical cultures were more reproducible and had higher dynamic range as compared to human neural cultures. Human neural cultures were more sensitive than rat cortical cultures to chemicals previously shown to inhibit neurite outgrowth. Parallel analysis of morphological (neurite count, neurite length) and cytotoxicity (neurons per field) measurements were used to detect selective effects on neurite outgrowth. All chemicals which inhibited neurite outgrowth in rat cortical cultures did so at concentrations which did not concurrently affect the number of neurons per field, indicating selective effects on neurite outgrowth. In contrast, more than half the chemicals which inhibited neurite outgrowth in human neural cultures did so at concentrations which concurrently decreased the number of neurons per field, indicating that effects on neurite outgrowth were secondary to cytotoxicity. Overall, these data demonstrate that the culture models performed differently in terms of reproducibility, dynamic range and sensitivity to neurite outgrowth inhibitors. While human neural cultures were more sensitive to neurite outgrowth inhibitors, they also had a lower dynamic range for detecting chemical-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition and greater variability from culture-to-culture as compared to rat primary cortical cultures. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Harrill, Joshua A.; Freudenrich, Theresa M.; Robinette, Brian L.; Mundy, William R.] US EPA, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mundy, WR (reprint author), US EPA, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mundy.william@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported by intramural funding from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 256 IS 3 SI SI BP 268 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.02.013 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 850GX UT WOS:000297184200007 PM 21354195 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, PRS Osorio, C Royland, JE Ramabhadran, R Alzate, O AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Osorio, Cristina Royland, Joyce E. Ramabhadran, Ram Alzate, Oscar TI Aroclor 1254, a developmental neurotoxicant, alters energy metabolism- and intracellular signaling-associated protein networks in rat cerebellum and hippocampus SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Proteomics; Developmental neurotoxicity; Molecular markers; Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCB; Cerebellum; Hippocampus; Calcium signaling; Quantitative Intact Proteomics ID SUBSTITUTED POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIFFERENCE GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER; RESPONSE MEDIATOR PROTEIN-2; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CELL-DEATH AB The vast literature on the mode of action of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) indicates that PCBs are a unique model for understanding the mechanisms of toxicity of environmental mixtures of persistent chemicals. PCBs have been shown to adversely affect psychomotor function and learning and memory in humans. Although the molecular mechanisms for PCB effects are unclear, several studies indicate that the disruption of Ca(2+) - mediated signal transduction plays significant roles in PCB-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Culminating events in signal transduction pathways include the regulation of gene and protein expression, which affects the growth and function of the nervous system. Our previous studies showed changes in gene expression related to signal transduction and neuronal growth. In this study, protein expression following developmental exposure to PCB is examined. Pregnant rats (Long Evans) were dosed with 0.0 or 6.0 mg/kg/day of Aroclor-1254 from gestation day 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21, and the cerebellum and hippocampus from PND14 animals were analyzed to determine Aroclor 1254-induced differential protein expression. Two proteins were found to be differentially expressed in the cerebellum following PCB exposure while 18 proteins were differentially expressed in the hippocampus. These proteins are related to energy metabolism in mitochondria (ATP synthase, sub unit 13 (ATP5B), creatine kinase, and malate dehydrogenase), calcium signaling (voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) and ryanodine receptor type II (RyR2)), and growth of the nervous system (dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 4 (DPYSL4), valosin-containing protein (VCP)). Results suggest that Aroclor 1254-like persistent chemicals may alter energy metabolism and intracellular signaling, which might result in developmental neurotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Royland, Joyce E.; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Genet & Cellular Toxicol Branch, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Alzate, Oscar] Univ N Carolina, Dept Cellular & Dev Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Osorio, Cristina; Alzate, Oscar] Univ N Carolina, Syst Prote Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Osorio, Cristina; Alzate, Oscar] Univ N Carolina, Program Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.prasada@epa.gov FU EPA [EP06D000284] FX Authors thank Dr. Carol Parker of University of Victoria Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada and Dr. Witold Winnik, Proteomics Core Unit, NHEERL/USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Authors also thank Mr. John Havel for an excellent graphic assistance. The proteomics work was done under an EPA contract (EP06D000284). The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitutes endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 110 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 256 IS 3 SI SI BP 290 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.07.005 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 850GX UT WOS:000297184200009 PM 21791222 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, PRS Royland, JE Richards, JE Besas, J MacPhail, RC AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Royland, Joyce E. Richards, Judy E. Besas, Jonathan MacPhail, Robert C. TI Toluene effects on oxidative stress in brain regions of young-adult, middle-age, and senescent Brown Norway rats SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aging; Oxidative stress; Toluene; Solvents; Protein carbonyls; Antioxidants; Neurotoxicity; Susceptibility; Life-stages ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NAD(P)H-QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE 1; ABUSED INHALANT TOLUENE; PROTEIN OXIDATION; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; DT-DIAPHORASE; MOUSE-BRAIN AB The influence of aging on susceptibility to environmental contaminants is not well understood. To extend knowledge in this area, we examined effects in rat brain of the volatile organic compound, toluene. The objective was to test whether oxidative stress (OS) plays a role in the adverse effects caused by toluene exposure, and if so, if effects are age-dependent. OS parameters were selected to measure the production of reactive oxygen species (NADPH Quinone oxidoreductase 1 ( NQO1), NADH Ubiquinone reductase (UBIQ-RD)), antioxidant homeostasis (total antioxidant substances (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GRD)), and oxidative damage (total aconitase and protein carbonyls). In this study, Brown Norway rats (4, 12, and 24 months) were dosed orally with toluene (0, 0.65 or 1 g/kg) in corn oil. Four hours later, frontal cortex, cerebellum, striatum, and hippocampus were dissected, quick frozen on dry ice, and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. Some parameters of OS were found to increase with age in select brain regions. Toluene exposure also resulted in increased OS in select brain regions. For example, an increase in NQO1 activity was seen in frontal cortex and cerebellum of 4 and 12 month old rats following toluene exposure, but only in the hippocampus of 24 month old rats. Similarly, age and toluene effects on glutathione enzymes were varied and brain-region specific. Markers of oxidative damage reflected changes in oxidative stress. Total aconitase activity was increased by toluene in frontal cortex and cerebellum at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Protein carbonyls in both brain regions and in all age groups were increased by toluene, but step-down analyses indicated toluene effects were statistically significant only in 12 month old rats. These results indicate changes in OS parameters with age and toluene exposure resulted in oxidative damage in frontal cortex and cerebellum of 12 month old rats. Although increases in oxidative damage are associated with increases in horizontal motor activity in older rats, further research is warranted to determine if these changes in OS parameters are related to neurobehavioral and neurophysiological effects of toluene in animal models of aging. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.; Besas, Jonathan; MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Royland, Joyce E.] US EPA, Genet & Cellular Toxicol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Richards, Judy E.] US EPA, Res Core Unit, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, B 105-046, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.prasada@epa.gov FU USEPA [EP07D000643] FX The authors thank Mr. Jackie Farmer for dosing animals and for excellent technical assistance. Dr. Michael Aschner of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN and Dr. Reeder Sams of USEPA are acknowledged for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Mr. Jonathan Besas is funded by a contract from USEPA (Award #EP07D000643). NR 92 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 256 IS 3 SI SI BP 386 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.04.012 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 850GX UT WOS:000297184200019 PM 21549141 ER PT J AU Medic, N Desai, A Komarow, H Burch, LH Bandara, G Beaven, MA Metcalfe, DD Gilfillan, AM AF Medic, Nevenka Desai, Avanti Komarow, Hirsh Burch, Lauranell H. Bandara, Geethani Beaven, Michael A. Metcalfe, Dean D. Gilfillan, Alasdair M. TI Examination of the role of TRPM8 in human mast cell activation and its relevance to the etiology of cold-induced urticaria SO CELL CALCIUM LA English DT Article DE TRPM8; Calcium; Mast cells; Cold-induced urticaria; Fc epsilon RI; Degranulation ID HISTAMINE-RELEASE; MEDIATOR RELEASE; PROSTAGLANDIN-D2; RECEPTORS; INDUCTION; MICE AB Mast cells are considered the primary initiators of allergic diseases as a consequence of the release of multiple inflammatory mediators on activation. Although predominately activated through antigen-mediated aggregation of IgE-occupied-Fc epsilon RI, they can also be induced to release mediators by other receptors and environmental stimuli. Based on studies conducted in the RBL 2H3 rodent mast cell line, the transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) cation channel has been implicated in the activation of mast cells in response to cold and, by inference, the development of urticaria. Here we investigated the expression and role of TRPM8 receptor, in both human and mouse non-transformed cells, with the aim of exploring the potential link between TRPM8 and the pathology of cold urticaria in humans. Although expressed in mouse mast cells, we found no evidence of TRPM8 expression in human mast cells or functional mutations in TRPM8 in cold urticaria patients. Furthermore, neither mouse nor human primary cultured mast cells degranulated in response to cold challenge or TRPM8 agonists and mast cell reactivity was unaffected in Trpm8(-/-) mice. From these data, we conclude that TRPM8 is unlikely to directly regulate mast cell activation in cold urticaria. Thus, alternative mechanisms likely exist for the pathogenesis of this disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Medic, Nevenka; Desai, Avanti; Komarow, Hirsh; Bandara, Geethani; Metcalfe, Dean D.; Gilfillan, Alasdair M.] NIAID, Lab Allerg Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Burch, Lauranell H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Core Facil, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Beaven, Michael A.] NHLBI, Lab Mol Immunol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gilfillan, AM (reprint author), NIAID, Lab Allerg Dis, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11C206,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1881, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM agilfillan@niaid.nih.gov FU Division of Intramural Research of NIAID; NHLBI within National Institutes of Health FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Division of Intramural Research of NIAID and NHLBI within the National Institutes of Health. The authors would like to thank Joel Abramowitz (NIEHS, NIH) who coordinated the effort and Dr. Ajay Dhaka (University of Washington, Seattle) and Dr. Ardem Patapoutian (The Scripps Research Institute) for supplying the Trpm8-/- mice; and Dr. Kirshenbaum and the LAD clinical staff for the provision of CD34+ cells. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0143-4160 J9 CELL CALCIUM JI Cell Calcium PD NOV PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 473 EP 480 DI 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.08.003 PG 8 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 848GI UT WOS:000297038300008 PM 21906810 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Ward, WO Ren, HZ Vallanat, B DeVito, MJ Corton, JC AF Lee, Janice S. Ward, William O. Ren, Hongzu Vallanat, Beena DeVito, Michael J. Corton, Jon C. TI Characterization of the impact of life stage on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme expression and gene - chemical interactions in the liver SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th North American Regional ISSX Meeting CY OCT 16-20, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Lee, Janice S.; Ward, William O.; Ren, Hongzu; Vallanat, Beena; Corton, Jon C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS NTP, Toxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 SU 2 SI SI BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 848MT UT WOS:000297056400140 ER PT J AU Richardson, VM Sey, YM DeVito, MJ AF Richardson, Vicki M. Sey, Yusupha M. DeVito, Michael J. TI Thyroxine (T-4) catabolism in human and rat hepatocytes increases following exposure to prototypical hepatic enzyme inducers SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th North American Regional International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics (ISSX) Meeting CY OCT 16-20, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot (ISSX) C1 [Richardson, Vicki M.; Sey, Yusupha M.] US EPA, ORD Nheerl Istd PB, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Richardson, Vicki M.] Univ N Carolina, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS NTP, Toxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 SU 2 SI SI BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 848MT UT WOS:000297056400283 ER PT J AU Oshida, K Vasani, N Rosen, M Abbott, B Lau, C Chorley, B Hester, S Guo, G Kensler, TW Klaassen, CD Corton, JC AF Oshida, Keiyu Vasani, Naresh Rosen, Mitch Abbott, Barbara Lau, Christopher Chorley, Brian Hester, Susan Guo, Grace Kensler, Thomas W. Klaassen, Curtis D. Corton, Jon C. TI A genetic strategy to identify, validate and use gene signatures of xenobiotic-responsive transcription factors in prediction of pathway activation in the mouse liver SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th North American Regional ISSX Meeting CY OCT 16-20, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Oshida, Keiyu; Vasani, Naresh; Rosen, Mitch; Abbott, Barbara; Lau, Christopher; Chorley, Brian; Hester, Susan; Corton, Jon C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Guo, Grace; Klaassen, Curtis D.] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Kensler, Thomas W.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. RI Kensler, Thomas/D-8686-2014 OI Kensler, Thomas/0000-0002-6676-261X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 SU 2 SI SI BP 183 EP 184 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 848MT UT WOS:000297056400348 ER PT J AU Shindo, S Squires, J Sakuma, T Kanayama, T Moore, R Negishi, M AF Shindo, Sawako Squires, James Sakuma, Tsutomu Kanayama, Tomohiko Moore, Rick Negishi, Masahiko TI Phosphorylation of estrogen receptor in reproductive organs of female mice SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th North American Regional ISSX Meeting CY OCT 16-20, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Shindo, Sawako; Squires, James; Sakuma, Tsutomu; Kanayama, Tomohiko; Moore, Rick; Negishi, Masahiko] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Pharmacogenet Sect, LRDT, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 SU 2 SI SI BP 186 EP 186 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 848MT UT WOS:000297056400352 ER PT J AU Flight, PA Nacci, D Champlin, D Whitehead, A Rand, DM AF Flight, Patrick A. Nacci, Diane Champlin, Denise Whitehead, Andrew Rand, David M. TI The effects of mitochondrial genotype on hypoxic survival and gene expression in a hybrid population of the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ecological genomics; microarray; mito-nuclear interactions; mtDNA phylogeography; oxygen availability ID LONG-TERM HYPOXIA; INTERPOPULATION HYBRIDS; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; THERMAL TOLERANCE; BINDING-PROTEINS; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; COMMON KILLIFISH; GULF KILLIFISH AB The physiological link between oxygen availability and mitochondrial function is well established. However, whether or not fitness variation is associated with mitochondrial genotypes in the field remains a contested topic in evolutionary biology. In this study, we draw on a population of the teleost fish, Fundulus heteroclitus, where functionally distinct subspecies hybridize, likely as a result of past glacial events. We had two specific aims: (i) to determine the effect of mtDNA genotype on survivorship of male and female fish under hypoxic stress and (ii) to determine the effect of hypoxic stress, sex and mtDNA genotype on gene expression. We found an unexpected and highly significant effect of sex on survivorship under hypoxic conditions, but no significant effect of mtDNA genotype. Gene expression analyses revealed hundreds of transcripts differentially regulated by sex and hypoxia. Mitochondrial transcripts and other predicted pathways were among those influenced by hypoxic stress, and a transcript corresponding to the mtDNA control region was the most highly suppressed transcript under the conditions of hypoxia. An RT-PCR experiment on the control region was consistent with microarray results. Effects of mtDNA sequence variation on genome expression were limited; however, a potentially important epistasis between mtDNA sequence and expression of a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial translation protein was discovered. Overall, these results confirm that mitochondrial regulation is a major component of hypoxia tolerance and further suggest that purifying selection has been the predominant selective force on mitochondrial genomes in these two subspecies. C1 [Flight, Patrick A.; Rand, David M.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Nacci, Diane; Champlin, Denise] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Whitehead, Andrew] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Flight, PA (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 80 Waterman St,Box G-W, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM Patrick_Flight@brown.edu; David_Rand@brown.edu RI Whitehead, Andrew/G-2122-2012 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, AED [AED-11-050]; NIH [2R01GM067862]; NSF [BES-0652006, EF-0723771]; Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) fellowship FX This is contribution number AED-11-050 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, AED, which partially supported this research. This manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. EPA. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names, products or services does not convey and should not be interpreted as conveying official U.S. EPA approval, endorsement or recommendation. We wish to thank Laura Coiro, Sara-Megumi Naylor and Danielle Duquette for assistance with the hypoxia apparatus. Jennifer Roach and Whitney Pilcher were instrumental in microarray hybridization steps. This work was supported in part by NIH grant 2R01GM067862 to DMR and NSF grants BES-0652006 and EF-0723771 to A. W. P. A. F. was supported by an Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) fellowship. NR 96 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 20 IS 21 BP 4503 EP 4520 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05290.x PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 847XN UT WOS:000297008300010 PM 21980951 ER PT J AU Chui, KKH Jagai, JS Griffiths, JK Naumova, EN AF Chui, Kenneth K. H. Jagai, Jyotsna S. Griffiths, Jeffrey K. Naumova, Elena N. TI Hospitalization of the Elderly in the United States for Nonspecific Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Search for Etiological Clues SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; GASTROENTERITIS; OUTBREAK; SEASONALITY; WATERBORNE; CAMPYLOBACTER; TEMPERATURE; CALIFORNIA; MORTALITY AB The frequency of hospitalization among the elderly in the United States caused by gastrointestinal diseases between 1991 and 2004 increased dramatically, especially hospitalization of elderly individuals with nonspecific diagnoses. We analyzed 6640304 gastrointestinal disease-associated hospitalization records in this 14-year period by comparing the peak times of nonspecific gastrointestinal diseases with those of specific diseases. We found that most nonspecific gastrointestinal diseases peak concurrently with viral enteritis, suggesting a lack of diagnostic testing for viruses, which may adversely affect the efficiency of prevention, surveillance, and treatment efforts. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:20822086. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300096) C1 [Chui, Kenneth K. H.; Griffiths, Jeffrey K.; Naumova, Elena N.] Tufts Univ Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jagai, Jyotsna S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Chui, KKH (reprint author), Tufts Univ Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kenneth.chui@tufts.edu OI Naumova, Elena/0000-0002-9562-4734 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES013171]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U19 AI062627, NO1 A150032] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant R01 ES013171) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grants U19 AI062627 and NO1 A150032). NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 101 IS 11 BP 2082 EP 2086 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300096 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 835NA UT WOS:000296041900019 PM 21653903 ER PT J AU Ding, Y Cheng, J Wu, CC Joshi, K Zhang, F Falck, JR Schwartzman, ML AF Ding, Yan Cheng, Jennifer Wu, Cheng-Chia Joshi, Krutanjuli Zhang, Frank Falck, John R. Schwartzman, Michal L. TI Role of The Renin-angiotensin System in 20-HETE-Mediated Endothelial Cell Dysfunction SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT High Blood Pressure Research Scientific Sessions CY SEP 20-24, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Heart Assoc (AHA), Council High Blood Pressure Res, Council Kidney Cardiovasc Dis, Inter-Amer Soc Hypertens (IASH) DE 20-HETE angiotensin-converting enzyme Angiotensin II receptor type 1 C1 [Ding, Yan; Wu, Cheng-Chia; Joshi, Krutanjuli; Zhang, Frank; Schwartzman, Michal L.] New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Cheng, Jennifer] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Falck, John R.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD NOV PY 2011 VL 58 IS 5 BP E129 EP E129 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 842HQ UT WOS:000296588100392 ER PT J AU Kasiviswanathan, R Copeland, WC AF Kasiviswanathan, Rajesh Copeland, William C. TI Biochemical analysis of the G517V POLG variant reveals wild-type like activity SO MITOCHONDRION LA English DT Article DE POLG; DNA polymerase; Mitochondrial disease ID DNA-POLYMERASE-GAMMA; PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA; ACCESSORY SUBUNIT; DISEASE MUTATIONS; REPLICATION; NEUROPATHY; DEPLETION; DEFECTS AB The c.1550g --> t mutation in the POW gene causing the G517V substitution has been reported by many groups to be associated with a variety of mitochondrial diseases, including autosomal dominant and recessive forms of ataxia neuropathy, myopathy and microcephaly, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, diabetes, strokes, hypotonia, and epilepsy. However, the variable disease presentation and age of onset raises suspicion of its pathogenicity. Because of the varied reported associated symptoms and request from physicians to address the consequence of this mutation, we have carried out the biochemical analysis of the purified recombinant human DNA polymerase gamma protein harboring the G517V substitution. These analyses revealed that the G517V mutant enzyme retained 80-90% of wild-type DNA polymerase activity, in addition to its functional interaction with the p55 accessory subunit. DNA binding by the mutant was also only slightly lower than the wild-type enzyme. Our data suggest that the G517V mutation by itself in pol gamma most likely does not have a role in mitochondrial disorders. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. and Mitochondria Research Society. All rights reserved. C1 [Kasiviswanathan, Rajesh; Copeland, William C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Copeland, WC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr,Bldg 101,Rm E316, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM copelan1@niehs.nih.gov RI Kasiviswanathan, Rajesh/D-2744-2012 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES 065078, ES 065080] FX We thank Dr. Tammy Collins and Maggie Humble for critically reading this manuscript. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES 065078 and ES 065080). NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1567-7249 J9 MITOCHONDRION JI Mitochondrion PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 929 EP 934 DI 10.1016/j.mito.2011.08.003 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 846ZI UT WOS:000296941300014 PM 21856450 ER PT J AU Cai, WJ Hu, XP Huang, WJ Murrell, MC Lehrter, JC Lohrenz, SE Chou, WC Zhai, WD Hollibaugh, JT Wang, YC Zhao, PS Guo, XH Gundersen, K Dai, MH Gong, GC AF Cai, Wei-Jun Hu, Xinping Huang, Wei-Jen Murrell, Michael C. Lehrter, John C. Lohrenz, Steven E. Chou, Wen-Chen Zhai, Weidong Hollibaugh, James T. Wang, Yongchen Zhao, Pingsan Guo, Xianghui Gundersen, Kjell Dai, Minhan Gong, Gwo-Ching TI Acidification of subsurface coastal waters enhanced by eutrophication SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; HYPOXIA; RIVER; ESTUARIES; CYCLES; CARBON; SYSTEM; CO2 AB Human inputs of nutrients to coastal waters can lead to the excessive production of algae, a process known as eutrophication. Microbial consumption of this organic matter lowers oxygen levels in the water(1-3). In addition, the carbon dioxide produced during microbial respiration increases acidity. The dissolution of atmospheric carbon dioxide in ocean waters also raises acidity, a process known as ocean acidification. Here, we assess the combined impact of eutrophication and ocean acidification on acidity in the coastal ocean, using data collected in the northern Gulf of Mexico and the East China Sea-two regions heavily influenced by nutrient-laden rivers. We show that eutrophication in these waters is associated with the development of hypoxia and the acidification of subsurface waters, as expected. Model simulations, using data collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico, however, suggest that the drop in pH since pre-industrial times is greater than that expected from eutrophication and ocean acidification alone. We attribute the additional drop in pH-of 0.05 units-to a reduction in the ability of these carbon dioxide-rich waters to buffer changes in pH. We suggest that eutrophication could increase the susceptibility of coastal waters to ocean acidification. C1 [Cai, Wei-Jun; Hu, Xinping; Hollibaugh, James T.; Wang, Yongchen; Zhao, Pingsan; Guo, Xianghui] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Murrell, Michael C.; Lehrter, John C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Lohrenz, Steven E.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA. [Chou, Wen-Chen; Gong, Gwo-Ching] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Inst Marine Environm Chem & Ecol, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Zhai, Weidong; Guo, Xianghui; Dai, Minhan] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. [Gundersen, Kjell] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Gong, Gwo-Ching] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Ctr Excellence Marine Bioenvironm & Biotechnol, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. RP Cai, WJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM wcai@uga.edu RI Carl, Marx/B-2314-2012; Dai, Minhan/G-3343-2010; Cai, Wei-Jun/C-1361-2013; Zhai, Wei-dong/B-8426-2012; Hu, Xinping/F-6282-2011; OI Dai, Minhan/0000-0003-0550-0701; Cai, Wei-Jun/0000-0003-3606-8325; Zhai, Wei-dong/0000-0001-9410-1045; Hu, Xinping/0000-0002-0613-6545; Lohrenz, Steven/0000-0003-3811-2975 FU US EPA; NSF; NASA; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Basic Research Program of China; National Science Council of the Republic of China FX The Mississippi River plume/nGOM work was funded by US EPA, NSF, and NASA. The Changjiang/ECS work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through an international collaboration grant, the National Basic Research Program of China, and the National Science Council of the Republic of China. We thank N. Zheng, F. Chen and Z. Gao for help with sample collection. R. Wanninkhof is acknowledged for helpful comments. NR 30 TC 197 Z9 210 U1 23 U2 206 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 4 IS 11 BP 766 EP 770 DI 10.1038/NGEO1297 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 844BW UT WOS:000296723500014 ER PT J AU Civerolo, KL Roy, KM Stoddard, JL Sistla, G AF Civerolo, Kevin L. Roy, Karen M. Stoddard, John L. Sistla, Gopal TI A Comparison of the Temporally Integrated Monitoring of Ecosystems and Adirondack Long-Term Monitoring Programs in the Adirondack Mountain Region of New York SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Acid neutralizing capacity; Adirondack Mountains; Aluminum speciation; Lake chemistry; Temporally Integrated Monitoring of Ecosystems ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; EPISODIC ACIDIFICATION; SMALL STREAMS; LAKES; FISH; WATERS; CHEMISTRY; MORTALITY; DECLINES AB This paper compares lake chemistry in the Adirondack region of New York measured by the Temporally Integrated Monitoring of Ecosystems (TIME) and Adirondack Long-Term Monitoring (ALTM) programs by examining the data from six lakes common to both programs. Both programs were initiated in the early 1990s to track the efficacy of emission reduction policies and to assess the full impacts of acid deposition on surface water chemistry. They now serve to inform on the emerging chemical recovery of these waters. The Adirondack TIME program utilizes a probability-based approach to assess chronic acidification in a population of lakes using one summer sample per year. The ALTM attempts to track changes in both chronic and episodic acidification across a gradient of lake types using monthly samples. The ALTM project has two important attributes that contrast with the TIME program in the Adirondacks: higher temporal resolution (monthly versus once during the summer or fall) and speciation of aluminum. In particular, the ALTM program provides inorganic monomeric aluminum (Al(IM)), the fraction of Al that is most toxic. The monthly sampling of the ALTM program includes the spring snowmelt period when acid-neutralizing capacity and pH are near their lowest and Al levels are near their highest. We compare chemistry trends (1992-2008) for sulfate, nitrate, base cations, dissolved organic carbon, hydrogen ion, acid neutralizing capacity, and Al for the six lakes common to both programs. We also compare relatively high springtime Al(IM) concentrations from the ALTM with relatively low summertime total Al concentrations from the TIME, showing that the ALTM program provides a more biologically relevant indicator of the effects of acid deposition, illustrating the value of the complementary monitoring efforts in the Adirondack region. C1 [Civerolo, Kevin L.; Sistla, Gopal] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Air Resources, Albany, NY 12233 USA. [Roy, Karen M.] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Air Resources, Ray Brook, NY 12977 USA. [Stoddard, John L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Civerolo, KL (reprint author), New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Air Resources, 625 Broadway, Albany, NY 12233 USA. EM kxcivero@gw.dec.state.ny.us OI Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130; Civerolo, Kevin/0000-0003-1536-2664 FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) [4915]; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) [C0055778]; US EPA Office of Research and Development [CR-83282601] FX This study was supported by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA 4915), the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC C0055778), and the US EPA Office of Research and Development (CR-83282601). The field collections and chemistry analysis are carried out by the ALSC. Although this manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication by the US EPA, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the US EPA, NYSERDA, or NYSDEC. The authors wish to thank Nathan Houck of the ALSC with assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 222 IS 1-4 BP 285 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-0823-8 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 842WQ UT WOS:000296632900020 ER PT J AU Bowker, GE Schwede, DB Lear, GG Warren-Hicks, WJ Finkelstein, PL AF Bowker, George E. Schwede, Donna B. Lear, Gary G. Warren-Hicks, William J. Finkelstein, Peter L. TI Quality Assurance Decisions with Air Models: A Case Study of Imputation of Missing Input Data Using EPA's Multi-layer Model SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE CASTNET; Deposition; Quality assurance; Decision-making; Model accuracy and precision ID DRY DEPOSITION AB Environmental models are frequently used within regulatory and policy frameworks to estimate environmental metrics that are difficult or impossible to physically measure. As important decision tools, the uncertainty associated with the model outputs should impact their use in informing regulatory decisions and scientific inferences. In this paper, we present a case study illustrating a process for dealing with a key issue in the use and application of air quality models, the additional error in annual mean aggregations resulting from imputation of missing data from model data sets. The case study is based on the US Environmental Protection Agency's Multi-layer Model, which estimates the hourly dry deposition velocity of air pollutants based on hourly measurements of meteorology and site characteristics. A simulation was implemented to evaluate the effect of substituting historical hour-specific average values for missing model deposition velocity predictions on annual mean aggregations. Sensitivity studies were performed to test the effects of different missing data patterns and evaluate the relative impact of the substitution procedure on annual mean SO(2) deposition velocity estimates. The substitution procedure was shown to result generally in long-term unbiased estimates of the annual mean and contributed less than 20% additional error to the estimate even when all data were missing. Consequently, it may be possible to use the historical record of deposition velocities to provide reasonably accurate and unbiased annual estimates of deposition velocities for years without meteorological measurements. C1 [Bowker, George E.; Lear, Gary G.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Schwede, Donna B.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Warren-Hicks, William J.] EcoStat Inc, Mebane, NC 27302 USA. RP Bowker, GE (reprint author), US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Off Air & Radiat, 1200 Penn Ave,NW 6204J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bowker.george@epa.gov NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 222 IS 1-4 BP 391 EP 402 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-0832-7 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 842WQ UT WOS:000296632900029 ER PT J AU Stewart, CA Fisher, SJ Wang, Y Stewart, MD Hewitt, SC Rodriguez, KF Korach, KS Behringer, RR AF Stewart, C. Allison Fisher, Sara J. Wang, Ying Stewart, M. David Hewitt, Sylvia C. Rodriguez, Karina F. Korach, Kenneth S. Behringer, Richard R. TI Uterine Gland Formation in Mice Is a Continuous Process, Requiring the Ovary after Puberty, But Not after Parturition SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE endometrium; female reproductive tract; uterine gland; uterus ID FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID SYNTHESIS; BETA-CATENIN; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; NEONATAL MOUSE; ENDOMETRIAL DEVELOPMENT; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTORS; RAT UTERUS; MORPHOGENESIS AB Uterine gland formation occurs postnatally in an ovary- and steroid-independent manner in many species, including humans. Uterine glands secrete substances that are essential for embryo survival. Disruption of gland development during the postnatal period prevents gland formation, resulting in infertility. Interestingly, stabilization of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) in the uterine stroma causes a delay in gland formation rather than a complete absence of uterine glands. Thus, to determine if a critical postnatal window for gland development exists in mice, we tested the effects of extending the endocrine environment of pregnancy on uterine gland formation by treating neonatal mice with estradiol, progesterone, or oil for 5 days. One uterine horn was removed before puberty, and the other was collected at maturity. Some mice were also ovariectomized before puberty. The hormone-treated mice exhibited a delay in uterine gland formation. Hormone-treatment increased the abundance of uterine CTNNB1 and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) before puberty, indicating possible mechanisms for delayed gland formation. Despite having fewer glands, progesterone-treated mice were fertile, suggesting that a threshold number of glands is required for pregnancy. Mice that were ovariectomized before puberty did not undergo further uterine growth or gland development. Finally, to establish the role of the ovary in postpartum uterine gland regeneration, mice were either ovariectomized or given a sham surgery after parturition, and uteri were evaluated 1 wk later. We found that the ovary is not required for uterine growth or gland development following parturition. Thus, uterine gland development occurs continuously in mice and requires the ovary after puberty, but not after parturition. C1 [Stewart, C. Allison; Fisher, Sara J.; Wang, Ying; Stewart, M. David; Behringer, Richard R.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Stewart, M. David] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX USA. [Hewitt, Sylvia C.; Rodriguez, Karina F.; Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Receptor Biol Sect, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Behringer, RR (reprint author), 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Unit 1010, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM rrb@mdanderson.org OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HD30284]; Ben F. Love endowment; NIH Cancer Center [CA16672]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH Division of Intramural Research [Z01ES70065] FX Research supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant HD30284 and the Ben F. Love endowment to R. R. B. Veterinary resources supported by NIH Cancer Center Support grant CA16672 and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH Division of Intramural Research grant Z01ES70065 to K.S.K. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 954 EP 964 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.111.091470 PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 842FU UT WOS:000296580000009 PM 21734259 ER PT J AU Kadiiska, MB Hatch, GE Nyska, A Jones, DP Hensley, K Stocker, R George, MM Van Thiel, DH Stadler, K Barrett, JC Mason, RP AF Kadiiska, Maria B. Hatch, Gary E. Nyska, Abraham Jones, Dean P. Hensley, Kenneth Stocker, Roland George, Magdalene M. Van Thiel, David H. Stadler, Krisztian Barrett, J. Carl Mason, Ronald P. TI Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study IV: Ozone exposure of rats and its effect on antioxidants in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Ozone; Rat; Plasma; Tocopherols; Ascorbic acid; Glutathione; Uric acid; Free radicals ID INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SRR-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; ASCORBIC-ACID; MURINE LUNG; VITAMIN-C; URIC-ACID; TOXICITY; CELLS AB The objective of this study was to determine whether acutely exposing rats to ozone would result in the loss of antioxidants from plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additional goals were to compare analyses of the same antioxidant concentration between different laboratories, to investigate which methods have the sensitivity to detect decreased levels of antioxidants, and to identify a reliable measure of oxidative stress in ozone-exposed rats. Male Fisher rats were exposed to either 2.0 or 5.0 ppm ozone inhalation for 2 h. Blood plasma and BALE samples were collected 2, 7, and 16 h after the exposure. It was found that ascorbic acid in plasma collected from rats after the higher dose of ozone was lower at 2 h, but not later. BALF concentrations of ascorbic acid were decreased at both 2 and 7 h postexposure. Tocopherols (alpha, delta, gamma), 5-nitro-gamma-tocopherol, tocol, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and cysteine (Cys/CySS) were not decreased, regardless of the dose or postexposure time point used for sample collection. Uric acid was significantly increased by the low dose at 2 h and the high dose at the 7 h point, probably because of the accumulation of blood plasma in the lung from ozone-increased alveolar capillary permeability. We conclude that measurements of antioxidants in plasma are not sensitive biomarkers for oxidative damage induced by ozone and are not a useful choice for the assessment of oxidative damage by ozone in vivo. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kadiiska, Maria B.; Mason, Ronald P.] NIEHS, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hatch, Gary E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, IL-36576 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Jones, Dean P.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hensley, Kenneth] Univ Toledo, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. [Stocker, Roland] Univ Sydney, Ctr Vasc Res, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [George, Magdalene M.; Van Thiel, David H.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Stadler, Krisztian] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Barrett, J. Carl] Novartis Inst Biomed Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Kadiiska, MB (reprint author), NIEHS, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH FX This research was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Intramural Research Program, NIH. The authors thank Jean Corbett, Ralph Wilson, John Seely, Ralph Slade, Joel Norwood, John McKee, Robert McConnaughey, Kay Crissman, Judy Richards, Linda K. Wong, and Qu Feng for excellent technical support. The authors also thank Dr. Ann Motten and Ms. Mary J. Mason for editorial assistance. The research described in this article does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 51 IS 9 BP 1636 EP 1642 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.07.013 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 834JC UT WOS:000295954600002 PM 21824516 ER PT J AU Entrekin, S Evans-White, M Johnson, B Hagenbuch, E AF Entrekin, Sally Evans-White, Michelle Johnson, Brent Hagenbuch, Elisabeth TI Rapid expansion of natural gas development poses a threat to surface waters SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID FORAGING BEHAVIOR; STREAM; METHANE; SEDIMENT; HEALTH; CARBON AB Extraction of natural gas from hard-to-reach reservoirs has expanded around the world and poses multiple environmental threats to surface waters. Improved drilling and extraction technology used to access low permeability natural gas requires millions of liters of water and a suite of chemicals that may be toxic to aquatic biota. There is growing concern among the scientific community and the general public that rapid and extensive natural gas development in the US could lead to degradation of natural resources. Gas wells are often close to surface waters that could be impacted by elevated sediment runoff from pipelines and roads, alteration of streamflow as a result of water extraction, and contamination from introduced chemicals or the resulting wastewater. However, the data required to fully understand these potential threats are currently lacking. Scientists therefore need to study the changes in ecosystem structure and function caused by natural gas extraction and to use such data to inform sound environmental policy. C1 [Entrekin, Sally] Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Conway, AR USA. [Evans-White, Michelle] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Johnson, Brent] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hagenbuch, Elisabeth] Dynam Corp, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Entrekin, S (reprint author), Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Conway, AR USA. EM sentrekin@uca.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096, EP-D-11-073] FX We thank A Bergdale, R Adams, G Adams, and L Lewis for early conversations that helped develop our interest in this topic. E D'Amico provided valuable assistance on spatial analysis of well placement and suggestions that helped to shape the manuscript. A Bergdale, W Dodds, M Drew, K Fritz, and K Larson provided comments on early drafts of the manuscript. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contracts EP-D-06-096 and EP-D-11-073 to Dynamac Corporation. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA. NR 41 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 9 U2 112 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 9 IS 9 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1890/110053 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 843VB UT WOS:000296701000018 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Koch, HM Angerer, J AF Lorber, Matthew Koch, Holger M. Angerer, Jueergen TI A critical evaluation of the creatinine correction approach: Can it underestimate intakes of phthalates? A case study with di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP); creatinine; NHANES 2003/2004 ID DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; HUMAN EXPOSURE; URINARY PESTICIDE; METABOLITES; ESTERS; SERUM; POPULATION; CHILDREN AB The creatinine correction approach has been used to estimate daily intake for contaminants whose primary route of elimination is through urine. This method is challenged using the phthalate di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) as an example. An alternate prediction approach based on human experimental metabolism and urinary excretion data on DEHP was developed. This alternate model was developed from urine measurements of four metabolites of DEHP from two individuals partaking in different experiments, for up to 44 h after known exposures. Particular attention was paid to the changing ratios of the metabolites over time: they took a certain form when exposure was in the "near'' (the past few hours) versus the "distant'' (24 h or more) past. The creatinine correction approach was applied to measurements of the same four metabolites from 18 individuals in the National Health And Nutrition Evaluation Survey (NHANES) 2003/2004. The alternate model was also applied to these individuals, and the results were compared. Predictions using the two methods were similar or the creatinine correction predicted higher concentrations when the ratio suggested that the DEHP exposure was "near'' in time, but the alternate approach predicted intakes that were an order of magnitude higher when the ratios suggested that the intake was "distant''. As much as 25% of all NHANES measurements contain metabolites whose key ratio suggest that exposure was "distant''. Uncertainties notwithstanding, the analysis in this article suggests that the creatinine correction approach should be used cautiously for DEHP and possibly other contaminants with similar exposure characteristics: rapid metabolism with metabolite urine elimination half-lives on the order of hours, and exposure patterns that may not be continuous and ongoing. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 576-586; doi: 10.1038/jes.2010.43; published online 8 September 2010 C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Koch, Holger M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Res Inst Occupat Med BGFA, Bochum, Germany. [Angerer, Jueergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Occupat Social & Environm Med, Erlangen, Germany. [Angerer, Jueergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Outpatient Clin Occupat Social & Environm Med, Erlangen, Germany. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NCEA 8623N,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011 OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 576 EP 586 DI 10.1038/jes.2010.43 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 842DW UT WOS:000296571700003 ER PT J AU Aylward, LL Lorber, M Hays, SM AF Aylward, Lesa L. Lorber, Matthew Hays, Sean M. TI Urinary DEHP metabolites and fasting time in NHANES SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomonitoring; DEHP; di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; exposure assessment; NHANES; phthalates ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DIETHYL PHTHALATE; EXPOSURE AB Exposure assessment analyses conducted in Europe have concluded that the primary pathway of exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is through the diet. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether urinary DEHP metabolite data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) demonstrate relationships with reported food-fasting time consistent with diet as the predominant exposure pathway. Previous controlled-dosing data demonstrate that DEHP metabolite concentrations in urine first rise and then decline over time, with first-order elimination becoming evident at about 6 h post exposure. Regression of the concentrations of four key DEHP metabolites vs reported fasting times between 6 and 18 h in adults resulted in apparent population-based urinary elimination half-lives, consistent with those previously determined in a controlled-dosing experiment, supporting the importance of the dietary pathway for DEHP. For fasting times less than about 6 h, sampling session (morning, afternoon, or evening) affected the measured metabolite concentrations. Evening samples showed the highest metabolite concentrations, supporting a hypothesis of recent daily dietary exposures from multiple meals, whereas morning and afternoon samples for fasting times less than 6 h were similar and somewhat lower than evening samples, consistent with less-substantial early day dietary exposure. Variations in children's bodyweight-normalized creatinine excretion and food intake rates contribute to a strong inverse relationship between urinary DEHP metabolite concentrations and age under age 18. Finally, a previously published pharmacokinetic model for DEHP demonstrates that time since previous urinary void, a parameter not measured in NHANES, is predicted to result in non-random effects on measured urinary concentrations. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 615-624; doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.28; published online 17 August 2011 C1 [Aylward, Lesa L.] Summit Toxicol LLP, Falls Church, VA 22044 USA. [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hays, Sean M.] Summit Toxicol LLP, Lyons, CO USA. RP Aylward, LL (reprint author), Summit Toxicol LLP, 6343 Carolyn Dr, Falls Church, VA 22044 USA. EM laylward@summittoxicology.com RI Aylward, Lesa/F-7418-2012 OI Aylward, Lesa/0000-0003-3191-8175 FU American Chemistry Council FX LLA and SMH received partial funding from the Phthalate Esters Panel of the American Chemistry Council. The authors had complete freedom to design, carry out, and report the results of their analyses. ML declares no conflict of interest. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.28 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 842DW UT WOS:000296571700008 PM 21847144 ER PT J AU Chahine, T Schultz, B Zartarian, V Subramanian, S Spengler, J Hammitt, J Levy, JI AF Chahine, Teresa Schultz, Bradley Zartarian, Valerie Subramanian, Sv Spengler, John Hammitt, James Levy, Jonathan I. TI Modeling geographic and demographic variability in residential concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke using national data sets SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental tobacco smoke; secondhand smoke; residential exposure; air exchange rate; sociodemographic factors; fine particulate matter ID TUS-CPS 1998-1999; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; RACIAL/ETHNIC VARIATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; AIR; PARTICLES; US; WORKPLACE; CHILDREN AB Despite substantial attention toward environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, previous studies have not provided adequate information to apply broadly within community-scale risk assessments. We aim to estimate residential concentrations of particulate matter (PM) from ETS in sociodemographic and geographic subpopulations in the United States for the purpose of screening-level risk assessment. We developed regression models to characterize smoking using the 2006-7 Current Population Survey-Tobacco Use Supplement, and linked these with air exchange models using the 2007 American Housing Survey. Using repeated logistic and log-linear models (n = 1000), we investigated whether household variables from the 2000 United States census can predict exposure likelihood and ETS-PM concentration in exposed households. We estimated a mean ETS-PM concentration of 16 mu g/m(3) among the 17% of homes with non-zero exposure (3 mu g/m(3) overall), with substantial variability among homes. The highest exposure likelihood was in the South and Midwest regions, rural populations, and low-income households. Concentrations in exposed households were highest in the South and demonstrated a non-monotonic association with income, related to air exchange rate patterns. We provide estimates of ETS-PM concentration distributions for different subpopulations in the United States, providing a starting point for communities interested in characterizing aggregate and cumulative risks from indoor pollutants. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 646-655; doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.12; published online 16 March 2011 C1 [Chahine, Teresa; Spengler, John; Hammitt, James; Levy, Jonathan I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Schultz, Bradley; Zartarian, Valerie] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Subramanian, Sv] US EPA, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hammitt, James] Toulouse Sch Econ LERNA INRA, Toulouse, France. [Levy, Jonathan I.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Chahine, T (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 50 Commonwealth Ave,904, Boston, MA 02116 USA. EM tchahine@post.harvard.edu RI Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011 OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006 FU EPA [EP09D000560] FX This research was supported by EPA Student Services Contract #EP09D000560. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Andrew Geller and Dr. Daniel Vallero of EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, for providing technical review of the paper. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 646 EP 655 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.12 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 842DW UT WOS:000296571700011 PM 21407272 ER PT J AU Chittuluru, JR Chaban, Y Monnet-Saksouk, J Carrozza, MJ Sapountzi, V Selleck, W Huang, JH Utley, RT Cramet, M Allard, S Cai, G Workman, JL Fried, MG Tan, S Cote, J Asturias, FJ AF Chittuluru, Johnathan R. Chaban, Yuriy Monnet-Saksouk, Julie Carrozza, Michael J. Sapountzi, Vasileia Selleck, William Huang, Jiehuan Utley, Rhea T. Cramet, Myriam Allard, Stephane Cai, Gang Workman, Jerry L. Fried, Michael G. Tan, Song Cote, Jacques Asturias, Francisco J. TI Structure and nucleosome interaction of the yeast NuA4 and Piccolo-NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complexes SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CODING REGIONS; PROMOTER NUCLEOSOMES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; EMBRYONIC STEM; H2A VARIANTS; CHROMATIN; TRANSCRIPTION; ACETYLATION; BINDING; ENHANCER AB We have used EM and biochemistry to characterize the structure of NuA4, an essential yeast histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex conserved throughout eukaryotes, and we have determined the interaction of NuA4 with the nucleosome core particle (NCP). The ATM-related Tra1 subunit, which is shared with the SAGA coactivator complex, forms a large domain joined to a second region that accommodates the catalytic subcomplex Piccolo and other NuA4 subunits. EM analysis of a NuA4-NCP complex shows the NCP bound at the periphery of NuA4. EM characterization of Piccolo and Piccolo-NCP provided further information about subunit organization and confirmed that histone acetylation requires minimal contact with the NCP. A small conserved region at the N terminus of Piccolo subunit enhancer of Polycomb-like 1 (Epl1) is essential for NCP interaction, whereas the subunit yeast homolog of mammalian Ing1 2 (Yng2) apparently positions Piccolo for efficient acetylation of histone H4 or histone H2A tails. Taken together, these results provide an understanding of the NuA4 subunit organization and the NuA4-NCP interactions. C1 [Chittuluru, Johnathan R.; Chaban, Yuriy; Cai, Gang; Asturias, Francisco J.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Monnet-Saksouk, Julie; Sapountzi, Vasileia; Utley, Rhea T.; Cramet, Myriam; Allard, Stephane; Cote, Jacques] Univ Laval, Canc Res Ctr, Hotel Dieu Quebec CHUQ, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Carrozza, Michael J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Struct Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Selleck, William; Huang, Jiehuan; Tan, Song] Penn State Univ, Ctr Eukaryot Gene Regulat, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Workman, Jerry L.] Stowers Inst Med Res, Kansas City, MO USA. [Fried, Michael G.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Struct Biol, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Lexington, KY USA. RP Asturias, FJ (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM jacques.cote@crhdq.ulaval.ca; asturias@scripps.edu RI Cai, Gang/B-1103-2012; Huang, Jiehuan/A-7077-2013; Cote, Jacques/I-8901-2014; OI Cai, Gang/0000-0001-8622-3907; Cote, Jacques/0000-0001-6751-555X; saksouk, julie/0000-0003-1885-1762 FU US National Institutes of Health [R01 GM67167, R01 GM060489, R01 GM070662, F31 GM086978]; Canadian Institutes of Health [MOP-14308]; Canada Research Chair FX This work was supported by US National Institutes of Health grants R01 GM67167 (F.J.A.), R01 GM060489 (S.T.) and R01 GM070662 (M.G.F.), and fellowship F31 GM086978 (J.R.C.), by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research grant MOP-14308 (J.C.) and fellowship (V.S.), and by a Canada Research Chair (J.C.). We also acknowledge the National Resource for Automated Macromolecular Microscopy. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1196 EP U148 DI 10.1038/nsmb.2128 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 844FX UT WOS:000296734200005 PM 21984211 ER PT J AU Vinikoor-Imler, LC Messer, LC Evenson, KR Laraia, BA AF Vinikoor-Imler, L. C. Messer, L. C. Evenson, K. R. Laraia, B. A. TI Neighborhood conditions are associated with maternal health behaviors and pregnancy outcomes SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Birth outcomes; Maternal health behaviors; Neighborhood conditions; Neighborhood deprivation; USA ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; PRETERM BIRTH; UNITED-STATES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DEPRIVATION; WEIGHT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DETERMINANTS; INEQUALITIES AB Women residing in neighborhoods of low socioeconomic status are more likely to experience adverse reproductive outcomes; however, few studies explore which specific neighborhood features are associated with poor maternal health behaviors and pregnancy outcomes. Based upon our conceptual model, directly observed street-level data from four North Carolina US counties were used to create five neighborhood indices: physical incivilities (neighborhood degradation), social spaces (public space for socializing), walkability (walkable neighborhoods), borders (property boundaries), and arterial features (traffic safety). Singleton birth records (2001-2005) were obtained from the North Carolina State Center for Vital Statistics and maternal health behavior information (smoking, inadequate or excessive weight gain) and pregnancy outcomes (pregnancy-induced hypertension/pre-eclampsia, low birthweight, preterm birth) were abstracted. Race-stratified random effect models were used to estimate associations between neighborhood indices and women's reproductive behaviors and outcomes. In adjusted models, higher amounts of physical incivilities were positively associated with maternal smoking and inadequate weight gain, while walkability was associated with lower odds of these maternal health behaviors. Social spaces were also associated with inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. Among pregnancy outcomes, high levels of physical incivilities were consistently associated with all adverse pregnancy outcomes, and high levels of walkability were inversely associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension and preterm birth for Non-Hispanic white women only. None of the indices were associated with adverse birth outcomes for Non-Hispanic black women. In conclusion, certain neighborhood conditions were associated with maternal health behaviors and pregnancy outcomes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Laraia, B. A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Laraia, B. A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Community & Prevent Sci Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Vinikoor-Imler, L. C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Messer, L. C.] Duke Global Hlth Inst, Ctr Hlth Policy, Durham, NC USA. [Evenson, K. R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Laraia, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM LaraiaB@chc.ucsf.edu FU Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal & Child Health Bureau [1 R40MC07841-01-00]; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Cancer Institute [CA109804]; NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [K01HD047122, HD37584] FX Funding for this study was provided by the Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal & Child Health Bureau (#1 R40MC07841-01-00). Data collection was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Cancer Institute (#CA109804). Additional support was provided by the NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (#K01HD047122 and #HD37584). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 73 IS 9 BP 1302 EP 1311 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.012 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 843OF UT WOS:000296680800004 PM 21920650 ER PT J AU Stiles, CA Hammer, RD Johnson, MG Ferguson, R Galbraith, J O'Geen, T Arriaga, J Shaw, J Falen, A McDaniel, P Miles, R AF Stiles, Cynthia A. Hammer, R. David Johnson, Mark G. Ferguson, Richard Galbraith, John O'Geen, Toby Arriaga, Julie Shaw, Joey Falen, Anita McDaniel, Paul Miles, Randy TI Validation Testing of a Portable Kit for Measuring an Active Soil Carbon Fraction SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; VARIABILITY; MANAGEMENT; INDEX AB Increasing demands exist for information about properties related to soil quality and human-induced soil change, particularly soil C. To help address this need, the USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL) developed a portable kit for rapid and relatively accurate assessment of soil active C (AC), an easily oxidizable soil C fraction. This study determined the accuracy of a hand-held spectrophotometer to measure a colorimetric reaction induced by reduction of a violet-hued KMnO4 solution by AC. Seven National Cooperative Soil Survey university cooperators analyzed samples for comparison with results obtained at the SSL. Kit results from participants correlated well with SSL results, with 78% of all participant results within +/- 25% of paired target results. Variations attributed to prevalent mineralogy affirmed the need to separate the soil sample from reactant solution within 10 min for reproducible measures. Seasonal variations were observed, with the most variability being noted in the June to July sampling period (57% agreement, +/- 25%), attributable to increased soil biological activity. This study confirmed that the kit provides a reliable means of assessing a vital soil C component under field office conditions. The kit will be a valuable tool in assessing a critical soil quality measure, adding needed soil quality data to the national database, and improving the reliability and precision of soil quality interpretations. C1 [Stiles, Cynthia A.; Ferguson, Richard] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Hammer, R. David; Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Galbraith, John] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24601 USA. [O'Geen, Toby] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Arriaga, Julie; Shaw, Joey] Auburn Univ, Dep Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Falen, Anita; McDaniel, Paul] Univ Idaho, Dep Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Miles, Randy] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Stiles, CA (reprint author), NRCS, Pacific Isl Area, 300 Ala Moana Blvd,Rm 4-118, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. EM cynthia.stiles@hi.usda.gov RI McDaniel, Paul/A-8954-2009 FU USDA-NRCS; USEPA FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the USDA-NRCS and the USEPA. It has been subjected to review by the National Soil Survey Center and the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the NRCS or USEPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 75 IS 6 BP 2330 EP 2340 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0350 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 841ZK UT WOS:000296553600031 ER PT J AU Charoenpanich, A Wall, ME Tucker, CJ Andrews, DMK Lalush, DS Loboa, EG AF Charoenpanich, Adisri Wall, Michelle E. Tucker, Charles J. Andrews, Danica M. K. Lalush, David S. Loboa, Elizabeth G. TI Microarray Analysis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Collagen Culture: Osteogenesis Inhibits Bone Morphogenic Protein and Wnt Signaling Pathways, and Cyclic Tensile Strain Causes Upregulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine Regulators and Angiogenic Factors SO TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A LA English DT Article ID INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; STROMAL CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION POTENTIALS; OSTEOBLAST BIOLOGY; MECHANICAL STRAIN; MINERAL DENSITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; RETINOIC ACID; GROWTH-FACTOR; TGF-BETA AB Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) have shown great potential for bone tissue engineering. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this potential are not yet known, in particular the separate and combined effects of three-dimensional (3D) culture and mechanical loading on hASC osteogenesis. Mechanical stimuli play a pivotal role in bone formation, remodeling, and fracture repair. To further understand hASC osteogenic differentiation and response to mechanical stimuli, gene expression profiles of proliferating or osteogenically induced hASC in 3D collagen I culture in the presence and absence of 10% uniaxial cyclic tensile strain were examined using microarray analysis. About 847 genes and 95 canonical pathways were affected during osteogenesis of hASC in 3D culture. Pathway analysis indicated the potential roles of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling in hASC during osteogenic differentiation. Application of 10% uniaxial cyclic tensile strain suggested synergistic effects of strain with osteogenic differentiation media on hASC osteogenesis as indicated by significantly increased calcium accretion of hASC. There was no significant further alteration in the four major pathways (Wnt/beta-catenin, BMP, PDGF, and IGF-1). However, 184 transcripts were affected by 10% cyclic tensile strain. Function and network analysis of these transcripts suggested that 10% cyclic tensile strain may play a role during hASC osteogenic differentiation by upregulating two crucial factors in bone regeneration: (1) proinflammatory cytokine regulators interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; (2) known angiogenic inductors fibroblast growth factor 2, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor A. This is the first study to investigate the effects of both 3D culture and mechanical load on hASC osteogenic differentiation. A complete microarray analysis investigating both the separate effect of soluble osteogenic inductive factors and the combined effects of chemical and mechanical stimulation was performed on hASC undergoing osteogenic differentiation. We have identified specific genes and pathways associated with mechanical response and osteogenic potential of hASC, thus providing significant information toward improved understanding of our use of hASC for functional bone tissue engineering applications. C1 [Loboa, Elizabeth G.] N Carolina State Univ, Univ N Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Tucker, Charles J.; Andrews, Danica M. K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Loboa, Elizabeth G.] N Carolina State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Loboa, EG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Univ N Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 4208 EB3,911 Oval Dr,Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM egloboa@ncsu.edu FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Center for Research Resources [10KR51023]; NIH/NIBIB [R03EB008790-01A2] FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, by National Center for Research Resources grant 10KR51023 (EGL), and by NIH/NIBIB grant R03EB008790-01A2 (EGL). NR 57 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1937-3341 J9 TISSUE ENG PT A JI Tissue Eng. Part A PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 21-22 BP 2615 EP 2627 DI 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0107 PG 13 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 842SD UT WOS:000296619500004 PM 21767168 ER PT J AU Fritz, KM Feminella, JW AF Fritz, Ken M. Feminella, Jack W. TI Invertebrate colonization of leaves and roots within sediments of intermittent Coastal Plain streams across hydrologic phases SO AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Organic matter; Riparian; Temporary stream; Drying; Meiofauna; Terrestrial invertebrates ID PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER; LOW-GRADIENT STREAM; LEAF-LITTER; TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES; HEADWATER STREAMS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; GROUNDWATER NITRATE; WESTERN OREGON; RIVER; FOOD AB Ecological flows between habitats are vital for predicting and understanding structure and function of recipient systems. Ecological flows across riparian areas and headwater intermittent streams are likely to be especially important in many river networks because of the shear extent of these interfaces, their high edge-to-width ratio, and the alternation of wet and dry conditions in intermittent channels. While there has been substantial research supporting the importance of riparian-stream linkages above-ground, comparatively less research has investigated below-ground linkages. We tested the hypothesis that riparian roots are colonized by invertebrates as a food source within stream beds of intermittent headwater streams. We compared benthic invertebrate assemblages colonizing three types of buried substrates (leaves, roots, and plastic roots) among three intermittent Coastal Plain streams, each with a different riparian management treatment (clearcut, thinned, and reference), over a I-year period. Invertebrate density was significantly lower in root litterbags than in plastic roots litterbags, but neither differed from densities in leaf litterbags. Total invertebrate abundances, however, were significantly higher in leaf and root litterbags compared to abundances in plastic root litterbags. Invertebrate biomass and richness did not vary among substrates, but invertebrate density, abundance, and richness all declined from the wet phase (September-December) through the dry phase (June-August). Meiofauna and aquatic dipterans were the primary colonizing invertebrates during the wet phase. Relative abundance of terrestrial taxa increased during the dry phase, but their absolute abundance remained lower than aquatic taxa during the wet phase. Invertebrate composition did not differ among substrate types, but was significantly different among streams and time periods. Cumulative number of dry days, degree days, and redox depth all strongly correlated with assemblage structure as indicated by ordination scores. Our results suggest that subsurface invertebrates respond to leaves and roots as food sources, but assemblage composition is not substrate specific. Colonization of leaves and roots within stream beds by aquatic and terrestrial taxa supports the idea that headwater intermittent streams are important interfaces for the reciprocal exchange of energy and materials between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. C1 [Fritz, Ken M.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Feminella, Jack W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Fritz, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM fritz.ken@epa.gov; feminjw@auburn.edu RI Fritz, Ken/A-9868-2013 FU USFS, International Paper; Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank A. Bakhityarov, B. Roland, R. Govern, C. Colson, G. Lockaby, and R. Rummer for laboratory and logistical support, Andrew Boulton, Allison Roy, Brent Johnson, Michael Moeykens. and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier drafts. This project was funded in part by a cooperative research agreement between the USFS, International Paper, and the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. Although this work was reviewed by USEPA and approved for publication, it might not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-1621 J9 AQUAT SCI JI Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 73 IS 4 SI SI BP 459 EP 469 DI 10.1007/s00027-011-0192-9 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 841SM UT WOS:000296533400002 ER PT J AU Kang-Sickel, JCC Butler, MA Frame, L Serdar, B Chao, YCE Egeghy, P Rappaport, SM Toennis, CA Li, W Borisova, T French, JE Nylander-French, LA AF Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C. Butler, Mary Ann Frame, Lynn Serdar, Berrin Chao, Yi-Chun E. Egeghy, Peter Rappaport, Stephen M. Toennis, Christine A. Li, Wang Borisova, Tatyana French, John E. Nylander-French, Leena A. TI The utility of naphthyl-keratin adducts as biomarkers for jet-fuel exposure SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; CYP2E1; dermal exposure; glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1); glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1); jet fuel (JP-8); keratin adduct; NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1); 1-naphthol; 2-naphthol; naphthalene; urine ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; DERMAL EXPOSURE; IN-VITRO; NAPHTHALENE METABOLITES; MAINTENANCE WORKERS; URINARY BIOMARKERS; ALBUMIN ADDUCTS; FOUNDRY WORKERS; AIR-POLLUTION AB We investigated the association between biomarkers of dermal exposure, naphthyl-keratin adducts (NKA), and urine naphthalene biomarker levels in 105 workers routinely exposed to jet-fuel. A moderate correlation was observed between NKA and urine naphthalene levels (p = 0.061). The NKA, post-exposure breath naphthalene, and male gender were associated with an increase, while CYP2E1*6 DD and GSTT1-plus (++/+-) genotypes were associated with a decrease in urine naphthalene level (p < 0.0001). The NKA show great promise as biomarkers for dermal exposure to naphthalene. Further studies are warranted to characterize the relationship between NKA, other exposure biomarkers, and/or biomarkers of biological effects due to naphthalene and/or PAH exposure. C1 [Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C.; Chao, Yi-Chun E.; Nylander-French, Leena A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Butler, Mary Ann; Toennis, Christine A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Frame, Lynn; Borisova, Tatyana] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Neurosci, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Serdar, Berrin] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Egeghy, Peter] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rappaport, Stephen M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Wang] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [French, John E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Host Susceptibil Branch, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kang-Sickel, JCC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, CB 7431,Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM leena_french@unc.edu OI Egeghy, Peter/0000-0002-1727-0766 FU NIEHS [P42ES05948]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [T42/CCT422952, T42/008673] FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. Mention of company names and/or products does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported by NIEHS (P42ES05948), NIOSH (T42/CCT422952 and T42/008673), and the NIEHS Intramural Research Program. It has been subjected to United States Environmental Protection Agency review and approved for publication. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH); however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH, or the United States government. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD NOV PY 2011 VL 16 IS 7 BP 590 EP 599 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2011.611598 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA 837VC UT WOS:000296232100006 PM 21961652 ER PT J AU Wang, SX Xing, J Jang, CR Zhu, Y Fu, JS Hao, JM AF Wang, Shuxiao Xing, Jia Jang, Carey Zhu, Yun Fu, Joshua S. Hao, Jiming TI Impact Assessment of Ammonia Emissions on Inorganic Aerosols in East China Using Response Surface Modeling Technique SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; ASIA; SENSITIVITY; REDUCTIONS; SYSTEM; OZONE; MASS AB Ammonia (NH3) is one important precursor of inorganic fine particles; however, knowledge of the impacts of NH3 emissions on aerosol formation in China is very limited. In this study, we have developed China's NH3 emission inventory for 2005 and applied the Response Surface Modeling (RSM) technique upon a widely used regional air quality model, the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality Model (CMAQ). The purpose was to analyze the impacts of NH3 emissions on fine particles for January, April, July, and October over east China, especially those most developed regions including the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River delta (YRD), and the Pearl River delta (PRD). The results indicate that NH3 emissions contribute to 8-11% of PM2.5 concentrations in these three regions, comparable with the contributions of SO2 (9-11%) and NOx (5-11%) emissions. However, NH3, SO2, and NOx emissions present significant nonlinear impacts; the PM2.5 responses to their emissions increase when more control efforts are taken mainly because of the transition between NH3-rich and NH3-poor conditions. Nitrate aerosol (NO3-) concentration is more sensitive to NOx emissions in NCP and YRD because of the abundant NH3 emissions in the two regions, but it is equally or even more sensitive to NH3 emissions in the PRD. In high NO3- pollution areas such as NCP and YRD, NH3 is sufficiently abundant to neutralize extra nitric acid produced by an additional 25% of NOx emissions. The 90% increase of NH3 emissions during 1990-2005 resulted in about 50-60% increases of NO3- and SO42- aerosol concentrations. If no control measures are taken for NH3 emissions, NO3- will be further enhanced in the future. Control of NH3 emissions in winter, spring, and fall will benefit PM2.5 reduction for most regions. However, to improve regional air quality and avoid exacerbating the acidity of aerosols, a more effective pathway is to adopt a multipollutant strategy to control NH3 emissions in parallel with current SO2 and NOx controls in China. C1 [Wang, Shuxiao; Xing, Jia; Hao, Jiming] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shuxiao; Xing, Jia; Hao, Jiming] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Jang, Carey] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhu, Yun] S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Fu, Joshua S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wang, SX (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM shxwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI hui, wanghui/C-5671-2008; xing, jia/O-1784-2014; wang, shuxiao/H-5990-2011 OI wang, shuxiao/0000-0001-9727-1963 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [20921140409]; MEP's Special Funds for Research on Public Welfares [201009001]; U.S. EPA FX The study was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (20921140409), MEP's Special Funds for Research on Public Welfares (201009001), and the U.S. EPA. We thank Dr. Thomas J. Santner and Dr. Gang Han at The Ohio State University for their help using the MperK program and Satoru Chatani from Toyota Central R&D Laboratories for aid with emission processing. We appreciate that Dr. Chuck Freed helped improve the language of the paper. NR 40 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 20 U2 109 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 21 BP 9293 EP 9300 DI 10.1021/es2022347 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 837OI UT WOS:000296212700027 PM 21939216 ER PT J AU Park, JH Gail, MH Weinberg, CR Carroll, RJ Chung, CC Wang, ZM Chanock, SJ Fraumeni, JF Chatterjee, N AF Park, Ju-Hyun Gail, Mitchell H. Weinberg, Clarice R. Carroll, Raymond J. Chung, Charles C. Wang, Zhaoming Chanock, Stephen J. Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr. Chatterjee, Nilanjan TI Distribution of allele frequencies and effect sizes and their interrelationships for common genetic susceptibility variants SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE genetic prediction; missing heritability; population genetics ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; BREAST-CANCER; IDENTIFIES 5; HUMAN HEIGHT; LOCI; METAANALYSIS; ADAPTATION; DISEASE; GLIOMA; RISK AB Recent discoveries of hundreds of common susceptibility SNPs from genome-wide association studies provide a unique opportunity to examine population genetic models for complex traits. In this report, we investigate distributions of various population genetic parameters and their interrelationships using estimates of allele frequencies and effect-size parameters for about 400 susceptibility SNPs across a spectrum of qualitative and quantitative traits. We calibrate our analysis by statistical power for detection of SNPs to account for overrepresentation of variants with larger effect sizes in currently known SNPs that are expected due to statistical power for discovery. Across all qualitative disease traits, minor alleles conferred "risk" more often than "protection." Across all traits, an inverse relationship existed between "regression effects" and allele frequencies. Both of these trends were remarkably strong for type I diabetes, a trait that is most likely to be influenced by selection, but were modest for other traits such as human height or late-onset diseases such as type II diabetes and cancers. Across all traits, the estimated effect-size distribution suggested the existence of increasingly large numbers of susceptibility SNPs with decreasingly small effects. For most traits, the set of SNPs with intermediate minor allele frequencies (5-20%) contained an unusually small number of susceptibility loci and explained a relatively small fraction of heritability compared with what would be expected from the distribution of SNPs in the general population. These trends could have several implications for future studies of common and uncommon variants. C1 [Park, Ju-Hyun; Gail, Mitchell H.; Chanock, Stephen J.; Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.; Chatterjee, Nilanjan] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Weinberg, Clarice R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Carroll, Raymond J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Chung, Charles C.; Wang, Zhaoming; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. RP Fraumeni, JF (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM fraumeni@nih.gov; chattern@mail.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute [R27-CA057030]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported by the intramural programs of the National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The research of R.J.C. was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute (R27-CA057030). NR 29 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 44 BP 18026 EP 18031 DI 10.1073/pnas.1114759108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 839NH UT WOS:000296373400036 PM 22003128 ER PT J AU Davis, JA Meng, QY Sacks, JD Dutton, SJ Wilson, WE Pinto, JP AF Davis, J. Allen Meng, Qingyu Sacks, Jason D. Dutton, Steven J. Wilson, William E. Pinto, Joseph P. TI Regional variations in particulate matter composition and the ability of monitoring data to represent population exposures SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Exposure; Regional heterogeneity; PM; Composition ID AIR-POLLUTION; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; PM2.5; NICKEL AB Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that relative risks for mortality associated with ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations vary with location in the U.S. with larger associations in both magnitude and strength observed in the East compared to the West. Two factors potentially contributing to the regional heterogeneity in PM-mortality associations observed are regional variations in PM composition and the ability of a single PM concentration estimate to represent the community-average exposure for an entire study area. which may lead to regional differences in exposure error. Variations in PM composition and the proportion of the population living in proximity to ambient monitors, an indicator of potential exposure error, are examined for the 20 most populated and 10 mid-size study areas included in the National Morbidity, Mortality and Air Pollution Study (NMMAPS). Clear differences in PM and in the proportion of the population living in proximity to ambient monitors are found for some of these cities. Differences in these exposure parameters may be interpreted more reasonably in terms of north-south differences compared to east-west differences, and may need to be considered when conducting future epidemiologic studies that aim to examine the factors that influence the regional variability in PM-mortality associations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Davis, J. Allen; Sacks, Jason D.; Dutton, Steven J.; Wilson, William E.; Pinto, Joseph P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Meng, Qingyu] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Pinto, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pinto.joseph@epa.gov FU NCEA-ORISE FX Partial funding was provided by the NCEA-ORISE agreement. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the National Center for Environmental Assessment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors furthermore declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 23 BP 5129 EP 5135 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.013 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 836RL UT WOS:000296128700029 PM 21908016 ER PT J AU Sipes, NS Martin, MT Reif, DM Kleinstreuer, NC Judson, RS Singh, AV Chandler, KJ Dix, DJ Kavlock, RJ Knudsen, TB AF Sipes, Nisha S. Martin, Matthew T. Reif, David M. Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Judson, Richard S. Singh, Amar V. Chandler, Kelly J. Dix, David J. Kavlock, Robert J. Knudsen, Thomas B. TI Predictive Models of Prenatal Developmental Toxicity from ToxCast High-Throughput Screening Data SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE developmental toxicity; ToxCast; ToxRefDB; high-throughput screening; predictive models; computational models predictive toxicology ID WHOLE-EMBRYO CULTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; ALTERNATIVE METHODS; PROSTAGLANDIN E-2; DOSE-RESPONSE; RAT; TERATOGENICITY AB Environmental Protection Agency's ToxCast project is profiling the in vitro bioactivity of chemicals to assess pathway-level and cell-based signatures that correlate with observed in vivo toxicity. We hypothesized that developmental toxicity in guideline animal studies captured in the ToxRefDB database would correlate with cell-based and cell-free in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) data to reveal meaningful mechanistic relationships and provide models identifying chemicals with the potential to cause developmental toxicity. To test this hypothesis, we built statistical associations based on HTS and in vivo developmental toxicity data from ToxRefDB. Univariate associations were used to filter HTS assays based on statistical correlation with distinct in vivo endpoint. This revealed 423 total associations with distinctly different patterns for rat (301 associations) and rabbit (122 associations) across multiple HTS assay platforms. From these associations, linear discriminant analysis with cross-validation was used to build the models. Species-specific models of predicted developmental toxicity revealed strong balanced accuracy (> 70%) and unique correlations between assay targets such as transforming growth factor beta, retinoic acid receptor, and G-protein-coupled receptor signaling in the rat and inflammatory signals, such as interleukins (IL) (IL1a and IL8) and chemokines (CCL2), in the rabbit. Species-specific toxicity endpoints were associated with one another through common Gene Ontology biological processes, such as cleft palate to urogenital defects through placenta and embryonic development. This work indicates the utility of HTS assays for developing pathway-level models predictive of developmental toxicity. C1 [Sipes, Nisha S.; Martin, Matthew T.; Reif, David M.; Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.; Judson, Richard S.; Dix, David J.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Singh, Amar V.] Lockheed Martin, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chandler, Kelly J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sipes, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, B205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sipes.nisha@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; Singh, Amar/K-4400-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Singh, Amar/0000-0003-3780-8233; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 62 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 124 IS 1 BP 109 EP 127 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr220 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 836ZZ UT WOS:000296161100009 PM 21873373 ER PT J AU Venkataraman, A Rosenbaum, MA Perkins, SD Werner, JJ Angenent, LT AF Venkataraman, Arvind Rosenbaum, Miriam A. Perkins, Sarah D. Werner, Jeffrey J. Angenent, Largus T. TI Metabolite-based mutualism between Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 and Enterobacter aerogenes enhances current generation in bioelectrochemical systems SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL FUEL-CELL; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BIOFUEL CELLS; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; OXYGEN AB Understanding the ecological relationships of the microbiota in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) is necessary to gain deeper insight into their performance. Here, we show that the fermentation product 2,3-butanediol stimulates mutually beneficial interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 and Enterobacter aerogenes in a BES with glucose as the initial substrate under microaerobic conditions. The experiments were conducted in potentiostatically poised 3-electrode reactors. Under these conditions: (i) the current density by a co-culture of P. aeruginosa and E. aerogenes increased at least 14-fold compared to the current density by either of these two bacteria alone; and (ii) E. aerogenes fermented glucose principally to 2,3-butanediol, which was subsequently consumed by P. aeruginosa. To determine the benefits to each microorganism in this symbiosis, we conducted experiments with pure cultures. The current production by a pure culture of P. aeruginosa with 2,3-butanediol was increased 2-fold compared with glucose as the carbon source. This was due to enhanced phenazine production by P. aeruginosa. Further, pyocyanin comprised the majority (92%) of the phenazines produced by P. aeruginosa with 2,3-butanediol, but only 29% with glucose. The current production by a pure culture of E. aerogenes increased similar to 19-fold when the growth medium was supplemented with 35 mu g ml(-1) of pyocyanin as the electron mediator. We also observed that E. aerogenes generated maximum current densities with pyocyanin compared to the other three phenazines, indicating that E. aerogenes respires most effectively with pyocyanin-the phenazine which production is stimulated by this microbe's product (2,3-butanediol). Concomitantly, a decrease in fermentation products and enhanced growth with increasing concentrations of pyocyanin implies a shift towards electrode-based respiration by E. aerogenes rather than fermentation. Therefore, the synergism in current generation by the co-culture can be attributed to the combination of enhanced pyocyanin production by P. aeruginosa with 2,3-butanediol and the ability of E. aerogenes to efficiently respire. This study is the first to demonstrate metabolite based "inter-species communication'' in BESs, resulting in enhanced electrochemical activity. It also explains how an inconsequential fermenter can become an important electrode-respiring bacterium within an ecological network at the anode. C1 [Venkataraman, Arvind; Rosenbaum, Miriam A.; Werner, Jeffrey J.; Angenent, Largus T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Perkins, Sarah D.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Venkataraman, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Perkins.Sarah@.epa.gov; la249@cornell.edu RI Rosenbaum, Miriam/E-5317-2011 OI Rosenbaum, Miriam/0000-0002-4566-8624 FU NSF [0939883] FX This work was supported through NSF CAREER grant # 0939883 to L.T.A. We thank Dr Andrew Goodman at Yale University for strain acquisition. NR 74 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 50 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 4 IS 11 BP 4550 EP 4559 DI 10.1039/c1ee01377g PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 837YE UT WOS:000296248100018 ER PT J AU Walsh, PJ Milon, JW Scrogin, DO AF Walsh, Patrick J. Milon, J. Walter Scrogin, David O. TI The Spatial Extent of Water Quality Benefits in Urban Housing Markets SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY-VALUES; HAZARDOUS-WASTE SITES; FUNCTIONAL FORM; IMPLICIT PRICES; HEDONIC MODELS; DISTANCE-DECAY; OPEN SPACE; IMPROVEMENTS; RECREATION; DEPENDENCE AB Water quality regulation continues to be controversial, as demonstrated by recent litigation between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the state of Florida over nutrient standards. While the costs of standards are usually known, benefits may be diverse and difficult to identify. This study investigates the effects of enhanced water quality on both waterfront and non waterfront property prices, using hedonic models within an urban market. Findings indicate ( I) the value of increased water quality depends upon the property's location and proximity to waterfront, and the surface area of the water body; and (2) aggregate benefits to nonwaterfront homes may dominate those realized by waterfront homeowners. (JEL Q51, Q53) C1 [Walsh, Patrick J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Milon, J. Walter; Scrogin, David O.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Econ, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Walsh, PJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 22 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PI MADISON PA SOCIAL SCIENCE BLDG, MADISON, WI 53706 USA SN 0023-7639 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 87 IS 4 BP 628 EP 644 PG 17 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 836IN UT WOS:000296105200006 ER PT J AU Perakis, SS Sinkhorn, ER Compton, JE AF Perakis, Steven S. Sinkhorn, Emily R. Compton, Jana E. TI delta N-15 constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE N-2-fixation; Wildfire; Nitrate; Denitrification; Soil ID OREGON COAST RANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR; RED ALDER; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; WESTERN OREGON; SOIL CARBON; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; GASEOUS NITROGEN; GLACIER BAY; ECOSYSTEM AB Biogeochemical theory emphasizes nitrogen (N) limitation and the many factors that can restrict N accumulation in temperate forests, yet lacks a working model of conditions that can promote naturally high N accumulation. We used a dynamic simulation model of ecosystem N and delta N-15 to evaluate which combination of N input and loss pathways could produce a range of high ecosystem N contents characteristic of forests in the Oregon Coast Range. Total ecosystem N at nine study sites ranged from 8,788 to 22,667 kg ha(-1) and carbon (C) ranged from 188 to 460 Mg ha(-1), with highest values near the coast. Ecosystem delta N-15 displayed a curvilinear relationship with ecosystem N content, and largely reflected mineral soil, which accounted for 96-98% of total ecosystem N. Model simulations of ecosystem N balances parameterized with field rates of N leaching required long-term average N inputs that exceed atmospheric deposition and asymbiotic and epiphytic N-2-fixation, and that were consistent with cycles of post-fire N-2-fixation by early-successional red alder. Soil water delta(NO3)-N-15 (-) patterns suggested a shift in relative N losses from denitrification to nitrate leaching as N accumulated, and simulations identified nitrate leaching as the primary N loss pathway that constrains maximum N accumulation. Whereas current theory emphasizes constraints on biological N-2-fixation and disturbance-mediated N losses as factors that limit N accumulation in temperate forests, our results suggest that wildfire can foster substantial long-term N accumulation in ecosystems that are colonized by symbiotic N-2-fixing vegetation. C1 [Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sinkhorn, Emily R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Perakis, SS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM steven.perakis@oregonstate.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0346837] FX We thank Melissa McCartney, Justin Brandt, and Chris Catricala for field and laboratory assistance, Bill Rugh for isotopic analyses, and Ben Houlton and Joe Craine for comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Ecosystems Program via NSF DEB-0346837. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 79 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD NOV PY 2011 VL 167 IS 3 BP 793 EP 807 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 834SQ UT WOS:000295984800019 PM 21614618 ER PT J AU Morzillo, AT Schwartz, MD AF Morzillo, Anita T. Schwartz, Matthew D. TI Landscape characteristics affect animal control by urban residents SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE human dimensions; landscape ecology; pest control; pesticides; rodenticides; wildlife management; urban ecosystems AB Ecological patterns exist within urban landscapes. Among urban patterns of biodiversity, species occurrences may coincide with interactions between humans and wildlife. However, research focused on consequences of human reaction to interactions with wildlife is limited. We evaluated landscape characteristics of rodent control behavior across two urban landscapes in California, Bakersfield, and in proximity to Santa Monica Mountain National Recreation Area (SAMO). Our data were collected prior to a recent policy ruling limiting distribution of particular rodent control products. In both locations, local biologists have observed non-target effects of rodent control products among local carnivores. Mice and rats were among the species most targeted in both locations, but squirrels and gophers also were common targets in SAMO. Carnivore species identified by biologists were among those also reported by residents as targeted for control. In both locations, those who reside in single-family structures and among lower-density development were more likely to practice rodent control. Species targeted varied by distance to open space in both locations, but by development density in SAMO only. In Bakersfield, control was distributed across the study area, but one cluster of control existed among mainly lower-density, single-family residences. In SAMO, clusters of both control (n = 2) and chemical use (n = 3) existed among single-family, lower-density areas in proximity to wash channels and relatively lush vegetation. Our results suggest possible pathways for contact between wildlife and rodent control products, but causal linkages between the two are beyond the scope of our data. Similar to other urban ecological processes, human responses to interactions with ecological phenomena may occur at both fine and landscape scales. Furthermore, our results suggest a possible feedback loop of interacting ecological and social phenomena that may provide information about human activities affecting urban wildlife populations. C1 [Morzillo, Anita T.; Schwartz, Matthew D.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Morzillo, AT (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM anita.morzillo@oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank B. Cypher, C. Davis, A. Fairbrother, J. Hagar, D. Kamradt, A. G. Mertig, E. Minor, D. Olszyk, S. P. D. Riley, R. Sauvajot, M. Santelmann, one anonymous reviewer, and all of the California residents who completed the survey. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number WED-11-091 of the Western Ecology Division. NR 102 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD NOV PY 2011 VL 2 IS 11 AR UNSP 128 DI 10.1890/ES11-00120.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30JB UT WOS:000208811200009 ER PT J AU Atkins, D Chang, SM Gartlehner, G Buckley, DI Whitlock, EP Berliner, E Matchar, D AF Atkins, David Chang, Stephanie M. Gartlehner, Gerald Buckley, David I. Whitlock, Evelyn P. Berliner, Elise Matchar, David TI Assessing applicability when comparing medical interventions: AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Applicability; Generalizability; External validity; Heterogeneity of treatment effect; Comparative effectiveness; Systematic review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; EXTERNAL VALIDITY; EFFICACY; QUALITY; WOMEN; RISK; TOOL AB Objective: To describe a systematic approach for identifying, reporting, and synthesizing information to allow consistent and transparent consideration of the applicability of the evidence in a systematic review according to the Population, Intervention, Comparator. Outcome, Setting domains. Study Design and Setting: Comparative effectiveness reviews need to consider whether available evidence is applicable to specific clinical or policy questions to be useful to decision makers. Authors reviewed the literature and developed guidance for the Effective Health Care program. Results: Because applicability depends on the specific questions and needs of the users, it is difficult to devise a valid uniform scale for rating the overall applicability of individual studies or body of evidence. We recommend consulting stakeholders to identify the factors most relevant to applicability for their decisions. Applicability should be considered separately for benefits and harms. Observational studies can help determine whether trial populations and interventions are representative of "real world" practice. Reviewers should describe differences between available evidence and the ideally applicable evidence for the question being asked and offer a qualitative judgment about the importance and potential effect of those differences. Conclusion: Careful consideration of applicability may improve the usefulness of systematic reviews in informing practice and policy. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chang, Stephanie M.; Berliner, Elise] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Outcomes & Evidence, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Atkins, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gartlehner, Gerald] Danube Univ, Dept Evidence Based Med & Clin Epidemiol, Krems, Austria. [Buckley, David I.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Whitlock, Evelyn P.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Oregon Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Portland, OR USA. [Matchar, David] Duke Ctr Clin Hlth Policy Res, Durham, NC USA. [Matchar, David] Duke NUS Med Sch, Singapore, Singapore. RP Chang, SM (reprint author), Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Outcomes & Evidence, 540 Gaither Rd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM stephanie.chang@ahrq.hhs.gov OI Matchar, David/0000-0003-3020-2108; Gartlehner, Gerald/0000-0001-5531-3678 FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality FX Funding support from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Effective Health Care Program. NR 42 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 64 IS 11 BP 1198 EP 1207 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.11.021 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 829SQ UT WOS:000295605000006 PM 21463926 ER PT J AU Fennell, T Watson, S Snyder, R Jeffcoat, R Waidyanatha, S AF Fennell, Timothy Watson, Scott Snyder, Rodney Jeffcoat, Robert Waidyanatha, Suramya TI Disposition and metabolism of N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide in male F344 and Wistar-Han rats and female B6C3F1 mice SO XENOBIOTICA LA English DT Article DE Dimethylacetoacetamide; metabolism; disposition AB 1. N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide (DMAAm) is a beta-dicarbonyl compound used as an industrial intermediate. This study investigated the disposition and metabolism of [(14)C]DMAAm in male rats and female mice. 2. A single oral dose of [(14)C]DMAAm (target dose of 10 or 130 mg/kg) was administered to male F344 and Wistar-Han rats. [(14)C]DMAAm was almost completely absorbed and excreted in urine, with ca. 80-90% of the dose recovered within 24 h for both rat strains. Fecal excretion and CO(2) exhalation were minimal (1 and 2%, respectively). Less than 3% of the dose remained in tissues at 24 h. There was no apparent dose- or strain-related difference in the disposition of [(14)C]DMAAm in rats. 3. In female B6C3F1 mice administered 8 mg/kg [(14)C]DMAAm, 80% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in urine and cage rinse in 24 h. 4. Urinary metabolites were isolated and characterized by liquid chromatography /mass spectrometry following oral administration of 435 mg/kg [(14)C]DMAAm in male F344 rats. Metabolism occurred via reduction of the 3-keto group and oxidation of the N-methyl groups, to give N,N-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanamide, N-methyl-N-hydroxymethyl-3-hydroxybutanamide, and N-hydroxymethyl-3-hydroxybutanamide, and N-demethylation to give N-monomethylacetoacetamide (MMAAm). C1 [Fennell, Timothy; Watson, Scott; Snyder, Rodney; Jeffcoat, Robert] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Waidyanatha, Suramya] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Fennell, T (reprint author), RTI Int, POB 12194 3040,Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Fennell@rti.org FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [N01-ES-75563 (HHSN29120077563)] FX The authors are grateful to Drs. J. Michael Sanders and Helen Cunny for their review of this manuscript. This work was performed for the National Toxicology program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. N01-ES-75563 (HHSN29120077563). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0049-8254 J9 XENOBIOTICA JI Xenobiotica PD NOV PY 2011 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1013 EP 1020 DI 10.3109/00498254.2011.599444 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 829XD UT WOS:000295618400010 PM 21819270 ER PT J AU Wigand, C Carlisle, B Smith, J Carullo, M Fillis, D Charpentier, M McKinney, R Johnson, R Heltshe, J AF Wigand, Cathleen Carlisle, Bruce Smith, Jan Carullo, Mark Fillis, Debora Charpentier, Michael McKinney, Richard Johnson, Roxanne Heltshe, James TI Development and validation of rapid assessment indices of condition for coastal tidal wetlands in southern New England, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Rapid assessment method; Coastal wetlands; Tidal wetland; Salt marsh; Condition index; Principal component analysis; NERAM; validation ID SALT-MARSH AB Vegetation, soils, on-site disturbances, and watershed land use and land cover were assessed at 81 coastal tidal wetland sites using the New England Rapid Assessment Method. Condition indices (CIs) were derived from various combinations of the multi-dimensional data using principal component analyses and a ranking approach. Nested within the 81 wetlands was a set of ten reference sites which encompassed a range of watershed development and nitrogen loadings. The reference set of coastal tidal wetlands was previously examined with an intensive assessment, which included detailed measures of vegetation, soils, and infauna. Significant relationships were found between most of the rapid assessment CIs and the intensive assessment index. Significant relationships were also found between rapid assessment CIs and the developed lands in a 1-km buffer around the coastal wetlands. The regression results of the rapid assessment CIs with the intensive assessment index suggest that measures of vegetation communities, marsh landscape features, onsite marsh disturbances, and watershed natural lands can be used to develop valid CIs, and that it is unnecessary to make finer scale measurements of plant species and soils when evaluating ambient condition of coastal tidal wetlands in southern New England. However, increasing the survey points within coastal tidal wetland units when using a rapid assessment method in southern New England would allow for more observations of vegetation communities, marsh landscape features, and disturbances. Nevertheless, more detailed measures of hydrology, soils, plant species, and other biota may be necessary for tracking restoration or mitigation projects. A robust and standardized rapid assessment method will allow New England states to inventory the ambient condition of coastal tidal wetlands, assess long-term trends, and support management activities to restore and maintain healthy wetlands. C1 [Wigand, Cathleen; McKinney, Richard; Johnson, Roxanne] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Carlisle, Bruce; Smith, Jan; Carullo, Mark] Massachusetts Off Coastal Zone Management, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Fillis, Debora] Frederick P Clark Associates Inc, Planning Dev Environm Transportat, Rye, NY USA. [Charpentier, Michael] Raytheon, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Heltshe, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM wigand.cathleen@epa.gov FU US EPA's Office of Research and Development [AED-09-069]; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett FX We thank Drs. Dan Campbell, Earl Davey, and John Kiddon for helpful comments on an early draft of the manuscript that improved the presentation and organization of the report. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the US Environmental Protection Agency. This report, contribution number AED-09-069, has been technically reviewed by the US EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 182 IS 1-4 BP 31 EP 46 DI 10.1007/s10661-010-1856-y PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 823ZJ UT WOS:000295167500003 PM 21210212 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Chen, GX Su, CM AF Liu, Xuyang Chen, Gexin Su, Chunming TI Effects of material properties on sedimentation and aggregation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of anatase and rutile in the aqueous phase SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TiO(2) nanoparticles; Aggregation; Sedimentation; DLVO; PZC; Stability ID FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; POROUS-MEDIA; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDAL STABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS; HAMAKER CONSTANTS; CARBON NANOTUBES; COAGULATION RATE AB This study investigated the sedimentation and aggregation kinetics of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles with varying material properties (i.e., crystallinity, morphology, and chemical composition). Used in the study were various types of commercially available TiO(2) nanoparticles: three spherical anatase (nominal diameters of 5, 10, and 50 nm) and two rutile nanoparticles (10 x 40 and 30 x 40 nm). The 50 nm anatase and 10 x 40 nm rutile showed higher stability in deionized water and 5 mM NaCl solutions at pH 7 than the 5, and 10 nm anatase nanoparticles in sedimentation experiments. In aggregation experiments, critical coagulation concentration values for the 50 nm anatase were the highest, followed by the 10 x 40 nm rutile and the 5 nm anatase nanoparticles in NaCl and CaCl(2) solutions. The aggregation kinetics was fitted reasonably well with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) equations for the TiO(2) nanoparticles tested. Results showed that crystallinity and morphology are not influential factors in determining the stability of TiO(2) nanoparticle suspensions; however, the differences in their chemical compositions, notably, the varying concentrations of impurities (i.e., silicon and phosphorus) in the pristine materials, determined the surface charge and therefore the sedimentation and aggregation of TiO(2) nanoparticles in the aqueous phase. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Xuyang; Chen, Gexin] US EPA, Natl Res Council Resident Res Associate, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council Resident Res Associate, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM liu.xuyang@epa.gov RI Chen, Gexin/A-9774-2010; Liu, Xuyang/F-3373-2011 FU National Nanotechnology Initiative through the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) FX This study was funded by the National Nanotechnology Initiative through the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), it has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. The suggestions and comments from Dr. Christopher A. Impellitteri of the US EPA and the anonymous reviewers helped improve the quality of this manuscript. NR 64 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 74 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 363 IS 1 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.06.085 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 818GS UT WOS:000294740400009 PM 21803366 ER PT J AU Smucker, NJ Vis, ML AF Smucker, Nathan J. Vis, Morgan L. TI Diatom biomonitoring of streams: Reliability of reference sites and the response of metrics to environmental variations across temporal scales SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Temporal variation; Reference condition; Nutrient; Agriculture; Acid mine drainage (AMD); Index ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; WATER CHEMISTRY; NITRATE LOSSES; UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK; LAND-USE; QUALITY; ASSEMBLAGES; INDICATORS; RIVER AB Benthic diatoms are widely used indicators of human impacts on stream ecosystems because they are very responsive to changing environmental conditions. However, little research has explicitly focused on their reliability with regards to temporal variation in assemblage structure and environmental conditions. We examined variability in diatom-environment relationships at bi-weekly, monthly, and yearly time scales from 7 reference, 7 agricultural, and 2 acid mine drainage (AMD)-impacted streams, and how nutrient and pH fluctuations may affect the interpretation of diatom metrics and the Diatom Model Affinity (DMA) index. Reference streams had less bi-weekly variability in NO3-N concentrations than non-reference streams. The % eutraphentic diatoms and DMA scores were more strongly correlated with seasonal means of NO3-N and PO4-P concentrations than with same day concentrations. Most nutrient indicator metrics had strong correlations with watershed land use. All 14 non-AMD streams experienced substantial increases in NO3-N and decreases in temperature from November to May, which were associated with high species turnover, substantial changes in community structure, reduced diversity and richness, increased relative abundances of high nutrient diatoms, and decreases in low nutrient diatoms and DMA scores. The % acidophilic diatoms and DMA scores were significantly correlated with increased pH associated with greater precipitation at AMD sites from December to April (r=-0.77, r=0.62, respectively; P<0.01). Yearly, DMA scores for all reference streams were consistently in the minimally impaired category, whereas scores for non-reference streams varied among impairment categories. Reference sites serve as reliable benchmarks for diatom ecological integrity during the summer. In this region, June to October is a recommended time period for diatom sampling in monitoring programs because subsequent shifts in hydrologic regimes, nutrients, and diatom assemblages occurred, affecting all sites and masking among stream differences attributable to agricultural land uses. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smucker, Nathan J.; Vis, Morgan L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Smucker, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM ns218005@ohio.edu; vis-chia@ohio.edu FU U.S. EPA [R831365]; Ohio University FX Funding for this research was provided by U.S. EPA STAR grant R831365 and Ohio University (Clippinger Fellowship, Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies, Student Enhancement Award, Graduate Student Senate Grant for Original Research). Sam Drerup, Denise House, Jason Zalack, and Emily Hollingsworth are gratefully thanked for sampling assistance. Dina Lopez, Prosper Gbolo, Sam Drerup, Molly Semones, and Alex VandenBroek assisted with water chemistry analysis. We greatly appreciate Emily Johnston, Patty Contreras, and Alex VandenBroek for assisting with data entry. Suggestions for manuscript improvement by Jared DeForest, Kelly Johnson, Brian McCarthy, and two anonymous reviewers are also appreciated. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1647 EP 1657 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.011 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 788GT UT WOS:000292434100015 ER PT J AU Marten, AL AF Marten, Alex L. TI Transient Temperature Response Modeling in IAMs: The Effects of Over Simplification on the SCC SO ECONOMICS-THE OPEN ACCESS OPEN-ASSESSMENT E-JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Social cost of carbon; integrated assessment; transient temperature response ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTANT FUTURE; SENSITIVITY; EMISSIONS; IMPACTS AB Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) couple representations of the natural climate system with models of the global economy to evaluate climate and energy policies. Such models are currently used to derive the benefits of carbon mitigation policies through estimates of the social cost of carbon (SCC). To remain tractable these models often utilize highly simplified representations of complex natural, social, and economic systems. The authors consider three prominent IAMs, DICE, FUND, and PAGE, and compare their highly simplified temperature response models to two upwelling diffusion energy balance models that better reflect the progressive heat uptake of the deep ocean. They find that all three IAMs fail to fully capture important characteristics in the dynamics of temperature response, especially for high equilibrium climate sensitivities. This has serious implications given these models are often run with distributions for the equilibrium climate sensitivity which have a positive probability for such states of the world. The authors find that, all else equal, the temperature response model in FUND can lead to estimates of the expected SCC that are 10-75% lower than those derived using more realistic climate models, while the models in DICE and PAGE lead to expected SCC estimates that are 10-110% and 40-260% higher, respectively. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marten, AL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marten.alex@epa.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU KIEL INST WORLD ECONOMY PI KIEL PA HINDENBURGUFER 66, KIEL, D-24105, GERMANY SN 1864-6042 J9 ECONOMICS-KIEL JI Economics PD OCT 20 PY 2011 VL 5 AR 201118 DI 10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2011-18 PG 43 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 865CD UT WOS:000298287500001 ER PT J AU Xie, Y Elleman, R Jobson, T Lamb, B AF Xie, Ying Elleman, Rob Jobson, Tom Lamb, Brian TI Evaluation of O-3-NOx-VOC sensitivities predicted with the CMAQ photochemical model using Pacific Northwest 2001 field observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROPAGATION EFFICIENCY; VEHICLE EMISSION INVENTORIES; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ASSESS OZONE SENSITIVITY; AIR-QUALITY MODEL; REACTIVE NITROGEN; CARBON-MONOXIDE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; HYDROCARBON RATIOS; UNITED-STATES AB The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used to predict O-3-NOx-VOC chemistry for the Pacific Northwest and these results were evaluated by comparing to aircraft measurements of CO, NOy, O-3, and VOCs collected during the Pacific Northwest field experiment in the summer of 2001 (PNW2001). The evaluation focused on three areas: 1) photochemical indicator values (O-3/NOy), 2) accuracy of the emission inventory, and 3) VOC reactivity. The evaluation was performed for two modeling scenarios: a standard scenario and a reduced VOC scenario, which was developed based on the comparisons of measurements with the emission inventory. Results showed that model-predicted O-3/NOy ratios were closely related to VOC-NOx sensitive conditions, with transitional values similar to those identified from previous studies. Peak O-3 was associated with VOC-sensitive conditions, but these were not far from the transitional regime. The standard modeling scenario over-predicted peak O-3 and the O-3/NOy slope, indicating an overestimation of sensitivity to NOx, probably due to too much VOC in the emission inventory. The reduced VOC scenario resulted in better agreement with measurements in terms of peak O-3 as well as O-3/NOy correlations. Comparisons of observed CO and VOC to NOy ratios from the morning urban samples with those from the emission inventory also supported an overestimation of VOC in the standard scenario, with CO concentrations over-predicted by about 80% and the total VOC reactivity over-predicted by 30%. The standard modeling scenario substantially overestimated the reactivity from CO. The reduced VOC scenario showed generally good agreement with observations of the relative contributions to the total VOC reactivity. C1 [Xie, Ying; Jobson, Tom; Lamb, Brian] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Elleman, Rob] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Xie, Y (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 405 Spokane St,Sloan 101, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM blamb@wsu.edu FU Boeing Endowment; NW-AIRQUEST consortium of air quality agencies in the Pacific Northwest FX Support for this work was provided by the Boeing Endowment and NW-AIRQUEST consortium of air quality agencies in the Pacific Northwest. We thank Jeff Arnold, Rob Gilliam, Jared Bowden, and Adam Reff for helpful comments. We also thank PNW2001 investigators for sharing the field data. We acknowledge collaborators at the Washington State Department of Ecology, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, and Environment Canada for data support. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 18 PY 2011 VL 116 AR D20303 DI 10.1029/2011JD015801 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 836ZN UT WOS:000296159800006 ER PT J AU Nataraj, SK Roy, S Patil, MB Nadagouda, MN Rudzinski, WE Aminabhavi, TM AF Nataraj, S. K. Roy, S. Patil, M. B. Nadagouda, M. N. Rudzinski, W. E. Aminabhavi, T. M. TI Cellulose acetate-coated alpha-alumina ceramic composite tubular membranes for wastewater treatment SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article DE Ceramic membranes; Composite membranes; Cellulose acetate; Industrial effluents; Wastewater treatment ID ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; PERVAPORATION MEMBRANES; IMMERSION PRECIPITATION; FORMATION MECHANISM; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; PHASE INVERSION; GAS-TRANSPORT; SEPARATION; REMOVAL AB A novel method was developed to reduce the pore size of microporous ceramic tubular membranes by coating their inner surfaces using cellulose acetate solution forming a thin coating of similar to 35 mu m. Three tubular membrane configurations viz., 1-channel, 7-channel and 19-channel, hollow tubular having an identical pore size of 1.2 mu m and apparent porosity of 35 vol.% were tested for pollutants collected from different industrial discharge sources in addition to simulated effluent mixtures under cross-flow filtration mode. Filtration experiments were performed by varying feed pressure, feed concentration and permeate flux. Rejection rates of different effluents collected from distillery wastes, paper and pulp wastes, and sugar industry were tested under variable transmembrane pressure (TMP). The composite membranes have shown greater potential in reducing the pollutant concentrations from the collected sources than the uncoated plain ceramic modules. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nataraj, S. K.; Patil, M. B.; Aminabhavi, T. M.] Karnatak Univ, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India. [Roy, S.] Bharat Heavy Elect Ltd, Ceram Technol Inst, Corp Res & Dev, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Nadagouda, M. N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rudzinski, W. E.] Texas State Univ, Dept Chem, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Aminabhavi, TM (reprint author), Karnatak Univ, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India. EM sknata@gmail.com; nnmalli@yahoo.com; aminabhavi@yahoo.com OI Sanna Kotrappanavar, Nataraj/0000-0002-5297-0741 FU University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India [F1-41/2001/CPP-II]; BHEL, Bangalore, India FX Authors thank the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India for a major funding (Grant No: F1-41/2001/CPP-II) (2002-2007) for establishing Center of Excellence in Polymer Science (CEPS) at Karnatak University, Dharwad, India. This work was sponsored as a consultation project by BHEL, Bangalore, India. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD OCT 17 PY 2011 VL 281 BP 348 EP 353 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2011.08.016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 853AZ UT WOS:000297399900049 ER PT J AU Nesnow, S Grindstaff, RD Lambert, G Padgett, WT Bruno, M Ge, Y Chen, PJ Wood, CE Murphy, L AF Nesnow, Stephen Grindstaff, Rachel D. Lambert, Guy Padgett, William T. Bruno, Maribel Ge, Yue Chen, Pei-Jen Wood, Charles E. Murphy, Lynea TI Propiconazole increases reactive oxygen species levels in mouse hepatic cells in culture and in mouse liver by a cytochrome P450 enzyme mediated process SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Propiconazole; ROS; Liver; CYP; AML12 cells ID TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; INDUCED HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; PROTEIN OXIDATION; RAT-LIVER; MICE AB Propiconazole induces hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatocellular adenomas in mice and promotes liver tumors in rats. Transcriptional, proteomic, metabolomic and biochemical studies of hepatic tissues from mice treated with propiconazole under the conditions of the chronic bioassay indicated that propiconazole induced oxidative stress. Here we sought to identify the source of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by propiconazole using both AML12 immortalized mouse hepatocytes in culture and liver tissues from mice. We also sought to further characterize the nature and effects of ROS formation induced by propiconazole treatment in mouse liver. ROS was induced in AML12 cells by propiconazole as measured by fluorescence detection and its formation was ameliorated by N-acetylcysteine. Propiconazole induced glutathione-S-transferase (GST alpha) protein levels and increased the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in AML12 cells. The TBARS levels were decreased by diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPIC), a cytochrome P450 (CYP) reductase inhibitor revealing the role of CYPs in ROS generation. It has been previously reported that Cyp2b and Cyp3a proteins were induced in mouse liver by propiconazole and that Cyp2b and Cyp3a proteins undergo uncoupling of their CYP catalytic cycle releasing ROS. Therefore, salicylic acid hydroxylation was used as probe for ROS formation using microsomes from mice treated with propiconazole. These studies showed that levels of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (an ROS derived metabolite) were decreased by ketoconazole, melatonin and DPIC. In vivo, propiconazole increased hepatic malondialdehyde levels and GST alpha protein levels and had no effect on hepatic catalase or superoxide dismutase activities. Based on these observations we conclude that propiconazole induces ROS in mouse liver by increasing CYP protein levels leading to increased ROS levels. Our data also suggest that propiconazole induces the hydroxyl radical as a major ROS form. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Nesnow, Stephen; Grindstaff, Rachel D.; Lambert, Guy; Padgett, William T.; Bruno, Maribel; Ge, Yue; Wood, Charles E.; Murphy, Lynea] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chen, Pei-Jen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Chem, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Nesnow, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM nesnow.stephen@epa.gov OI CHEN, PEI-JEN/0000-0001-6036-4576 NR 54 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 194 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.08.002 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 847TG UT WOS:000296994800009 PM 21864511 ER PT J AU Johnston, RJ Russell, M AF Johnston, Robert J. Russell, Marc TI An operational structure for clarity in ecosystem service values SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Ecosystem benefits; Valuation; Human welfare; Cost benefit analysis; Willingness to pay ID CLASSIFICATION; VALUATION; GOODS AB Analyses used to value ecosystem services often confuse final ecosystem services with ecological functions that provide indirect benefit. Typologies of ecosystem services, such as that developed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, do not ameliorate these challenges. Among the causes of ambiguity in classifying values associated with intermediate versus final ecosystem services are (1) the lack of simple, broadly applicable guidelines to assist natural and social scientists in deriving consistent and replicable classifications, and (2) attempts to define universal typologies of final services that apply to all beneficiaries. This paper presents an operational mechanism for determining whether a biophysical feature, quantity, or quality represents a final ecosystem service for an inclusive suite of beneficiaries. It is designed for straightforward application by those without expertise in natural or social sciences, and can be used within existing typologies. Illustrations of the structure demonstrate how the resulting classifications avert double counting and other ambiguities. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnston, Robert J.] Clark Univ, George Perkins Marsh Inst, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Johnston, Robert J.] Clark Univ, Dept Econ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Russell, Marc] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Johnston, RJ (reprint author), Clark Univ, George Perkins Marsh Inst, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM rjohnston@clarku.edu; russell.marc@epamail.epa.gov NR 36 TC 44 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 70 IS 12 BP 2243 EP 2249 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.07.003 PG 7 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 847DX UT WOS:000296953200003 ER PT J AU Salih, HH Patterson, CL Sorial, GA Sinha, R Krishnan, R AF Salih, Hafiz H. Patterson, Craig L. Sorial, George A. Sinha, Rajib Krishnan, Radha TI The fate and transport of the SiO2 nanoparticles in a granular activated carbon bed and their impact on the removal of VOCs SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Activated carbon; Adsorption; Nanoparticles; SiO2 NPs; Trichloroethylene (TCE) ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; PORE-SIZE; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; ATRAZINE ADSORPTION; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; WATER; NOM AB Adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetics and column breakthrough experiments evaluating trichloroethylene (TCE) adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) were conducted in the presence and absence of silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs). Zeta potentials of the SiO2 NPs and the GAC were measured. Particle size distribution (PSD) of SiO2 NPs dispersions was analyzed with time to evaluate the extent of aggregation. TEM analysis was conducted. The specific surface area and the pore size distribution of the virgin and the spent GAC were obtained. The fate and transport of the SiO2 NPs in the GAC fixed bed and their impact on TCE adsorption were found to be a function of their zeta potential, concentration and PSD. The interaction of the SiO2 NPs and the GAC is of an electrokinetic nature. A weak electrostatic attraction was observed between the SiO2 NPs and the GAC. This attraction favors SiO2 NPs attachment on the surface of GAC. SiO2 NPs attachment onto GAC is manifested by a reduction in the amount of TCE adsorbed during the column breakthrough experiments suggesting a preloading pore blockage phenomenon. However, no effect of SiO2 NPs was observed on the isotherm and the kinetic studies, this is mainly due to the fast kinetics of TCE adsorption. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Salih, Hafiz H.; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Patterson, Craig L.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sinha, Rajib; Krishnan, Radha] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM salihhh@email.uc.edu; Patterson.Craig@epa.gov; Rajib.Sinha@Shawgrp.com; Radha.Krishnan@Shawgrp.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) [EP-C-04-034, 2-03]; Cooperative Agreement of the United States Environmental Protection Agency with the University of Cincinnati [T-83292901-0] FX This work was partially supported under Contract No. EP-C-04-034 - Work Assignment No. 2-03 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) to Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. and by the Cooperative Agreement of the United States Environmental Protection Agency with the University of Cincinnati under Research Traineeship Grant T-83292901-0. The finding and conclusions expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the agency. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 193 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.030 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 838UK UT WOS:000296317500013 PM 21802842 ER PT J AU Barber, LB Brown, GK Nettesheim, TG Murphy, EW Bartell, SE Schoenfuss, HL AF Barber, Larry B. Brown, Gregory K. Nettesheim, Todd G. Murphy, Elizabeth W. Bartell, Stephen E. Schoenfuss, Heiko L. TI Effects of biologically-active chemical mixtures on fish in a wastewater-impacted urban stream SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Chemical mixtures; Endocrine disruption; Urban ecosystems; Pharmaceuticals and personal care products; Attenuation; Bioaccumulation ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; MALE FATHEAD MINNOWS; ALKYLPHENOL POLYETHOXYLATE SURFACTANTS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE; REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; STEROIDAL HORMONES; TREATMENT WETLANDS AB Stream flow in urban aquatic ecosystems often is maintained by water-reclamation plant (WRP) effluents that contain mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals that persist through the treatment processes. In effluent-impacted streams, aquatic organisms such as fish are continuously exposed to biologically-active chemicals throughout their life cycles. The North Shore Channel of the Chicago River (Chicago, Illinois) is part of an urban ecosystem in which >80% of the annual flow consists of effluent from the North Side WRP. In this study, multiple samplings of the effluent and stream water were conducted and fish (largemouth bass and carp) were collected on 2 occasions from the North Shore Channel. Fish also were collected once from the Outer Chicago Harbor in Lake Michigan, a reference site not impacted by WRP discharges. Over 100 organic chemicals with differing behaviors and biological effects were measured, and 23 compounds were detected in all of the water samples analyzed. The most frequently detected and highest concentration (>100 mu g/L) compounds were ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 4-nonylphenolmono-to-tetraethoxycarboxylic acids. Other biologically-active chemicals including bisphenol A. 4-nonylphenol, 4-nonylphenolmono-to-tetraethoxylates, 4-tert-octylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenolmono-to-tetraethoxylates were detected at lower concentrations (<5 mu g/L). The biogenic steroidal hormones 17 beta-estradiol, estrone, testosterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, and cis-androsterone were detected at even lower concentrations (<0.005 mu g/L). There were slight differences in concentrations between the North Side WRP effluent and the North Shore Channel, indicating minimal in-stream attenuation. Fish populations are continuously exposed to mixtures of biologically-active chemicals because of the relative persistency of the chemicals with respect to stream hydraulic residence time, and the lack of a fresh water source for dilution. The majority of male fish exhibited vitellogenin induction, a physiological response consistent with exposure to estrogenic compounds. Tissue-level signs of reproductive disruption, such as ovatestis, were not observed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Barber, Larry B.; Brown, Gregory K.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Nettesheim, Todd G.; Murphy, Elizabeth W.] US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Bartell, Stephen E.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.] St Cloud State Univ, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. RP Barber, LB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM lbbarber@usgs.gov FU USGS; USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office FX We thank James Gray, Ed Furlong, and Steve Zaugg from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), David Lordi and Thomas Minarik from MWRD, Chiara Zuccarino-Crowe from Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Jennifer Pitt and Blaine Snyder from Tetra Tech, Leanne Stahl and John Warthen from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and Timothy Loes and Meghan Painter from St. Cloud State University for their assistance. This research was conducted with the support of the USGS National Research and Toxics Substances Hydrology Programs, and the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office, and is solely attributed to the USGS. Use of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 76 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 22 BP 4720 EP 4728 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.039 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 838QI UT WOS:000296306900010 PM 21849205 ER PT J AU Sobus, JR Tan, YM Pleil, JD Sheldon, LS AF Sobus, Jon R. Tan, Yu-Mei Pleil, Joachim D. Sheldon, Linda S. TI A biomonitoring framework to support exposure and risk assessments SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Biomarkers; Exposure science; Exposure assessment; Risk assessment ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; US POPULATION; DAY-CARE; BIOMARKERS; CHLORPYRIFOS; HEALTH; PESTICIDES; WORKERS; NAPHTHALENE; PATHWAYS AB Background: Biomonitoring is used in exposure and risk assessments to reduce uncertainties along the source-to-outcome continuum. Specifically, biomarkers can help identify exposure sources, routes, and distributions, and reflect kinetic and dynamic processes following exposure events. A variety of computational models now utilize biomarkers to better understand exposures at the population, individual, and sub-individual (target) levels. However, guidance is needed to clarify biomonitoring use given available measurements and models. Objective: This article presents a biomonitoring research framework designed to improve biomarker use and interpretation in support of exposure and risk assessments. Discussion: The biomonitoring research framework is based on a modified source-to-outcome continuum. Five tiers of biomonitoring analyses are included in the framework, beginning with simple cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, and ending with complex analyses using various empirical and mechanistic models. Measurements and model requirements of each tier are given, as well as considerations to enhance analyses. Simple theoretical examples are also given to demonstrate applications of the framework for observational exposure studies. Conclusion: This biomonitoring framework can be used as a guide for interpreting existing biomarker data, designing new studies to answer specific exposure- and risk-based questions, and integrating knowledge across scientific disciplines to better address human health risks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sobus, Jon R.; Tan, Yu-Mei; Pleil, Joachim D.; Sheldon, Linda S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sobus, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sobus.jon@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. The authors are grateful for helpful discussions with Daniel Chang, Marsha Morgan, Curtis Dary, Ross Highsmith, and Phillip Bost from U.S. EPA, David Kim from Vestergaard Frandsen, and Stephen Rappaport from the University of California, Berkeley. The authors are also indebted to Kent Thomas, Peter Egeghy, and Andrew Lindstrom from U.S. EPA for their expert reviews of this paper. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 22 BP 4875 EP 4884 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.046 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 838QI UT WOS:000296306900028 PM 21906784 ER PT J AU Shah, A Coburn, CG Watson-Siriboe, A Whitley, R Shahidzadeh, A Gillard, ER Nichol, R Leon-Olea, M Gaertner, M Kodavanti, PRS Curras-Collazo, MC AF Shah, Ashini Coburn, Cary G. Watson-Siriboe, Abena Whitley, Rebecca Shahidzadeh, Anoush Gillard, Elizabeth R. Nichol, Robert Leon-Olea, Martha Gaertner, Mark Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Curras-Collazo, Margarita C. TI Altered cardiovascular reactivity and osmoregulation during hyperosmotic stress in adult rats developmentally exposed to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flame retardants; Organohalogens; Thyroid hormones; Osmoregulation; Vasopressin; Hypertension; Blood pressure; Heart rate; Kidney; Supraoptic nucleus; Neuroendocrine; Hyperosmotic; Perinatal exposure ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL LEVELS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; SYMPATHETIC-NERVE ACTIVITY; 1999-2002 NATIONAL-HEALTH; THYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; VASOPRESSIN RELEASE AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and the structurally similar chemicals polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) disrupt the function of multiple endocrine systems. PCBs and PBDEs disrupt the secretion of vasopressin (VP) from the hypothalamus during osmotic activation. Since the peripheral and central vasopressinergic axes are critical for osmotic and cardiovascular regulation, we examined whether perinatal PBDE exposure could impact these functions during physiological activation. Rats were perinatally dosed with a commercial PBDE mixture, DE-71. Dams were given 0 (corn oil control), 1.7 (low dose) or 30.6 mg/kg/day (high dose) in corn oil from gestational day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21 by oral gavage. In the male offspring exposed to high dose PBDE plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels were reduced at PND 21 and recovered to control levels by PND 60 when thyroid stimulating hormone levels were elevated. At 14-18 months of age, cardiovascular responses were measured in four groups of rats: Normal (Oil, normosmotic condition), Hyper (Oil, hyperosmotic stress), Hyper PBDE low (1.7 mg/kg/day DE-71 perinatally, hyperosmotic stress), and Hyper PBDE high (30.6 mg/kg/day DE-71 perinatally, hyperosmotic stress). Systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, and heart rate (HR) were determined using tail cuff sphygmomanometry and normalized to pretreatment values (baseline) measured under basal conditions. Hyperosmotic treatment yielded significant changes in systolic BP in PBDE exposed rats only. Hyper PBDE low and high dose rats showed 36.1 and 64.7% greater systolic BP responses at 3 h post hyperosmotic injection relative to pretreatment baseline, respectively. No treatment effects were measured for diastolic BP and HR. Hyper and Hyper PBDE rats showed increased mean plasma osmolality values by 45 min after injection relative to normosmotic controls. In contrast to Hyper rats, Hyper PBDE (high) rats showed a further increase in mean plasma osmolality at 3 h (358.3 +/- 12.4 mOsm/L) relative to 45 min post hyperosmotic injection (325.1 +/- 11.4 mOsm/L). Impaired osmoregulation in PBDE-treated animals could not be attributed to decreased levels of plasma vasopressin. Our findings suggest that developmental exposure to PBDEs may disrupt cardiovascular reactivity and osmoregulatory responses to physiological activation in late adulthood. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shah, Ashini; Watson-Siriboe, Abena; Whitley, Rebecca; Shahidzadeh, Anoush; Gillard, Elizabeth R.; Nichol, Robert; Gaertner, Mark; Curras-Collazo, Margarita C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Coburn, Cary G.; Curras-Collazo, Margarita C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Environm Toxicol Grad Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Leon-Olea, Martha] Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Direcc Invest Neurociencias, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Curras-Collazo, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, 2110 Biol Sci Bldg, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM margarita.curras@ucr.edu FU NSF; UC Mexus; American Heart Association; University of California FX We thank Dr. R. Meeker, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, and M. Brown, UC Riverside for valuable technical advice and assistance, respectively. This work was supported by NSF and UC Mexus grants to MCC, American Heart Association Western State Affiliate fellowship (AS. and R.W.) and University of California Toxic Substances Research and Teaching Program fellowship (CC.). We acknowledge Dr. Chris Gordon of USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, Dr. Gabriele Ludewig of University of Iowa, Iowa City, IO, and Dr. Riyaz Basha of MD Anderson Cancer Center, Orlando, FL for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 108 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 256 IS 2 BP 103 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.07.014 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 829CB UT WOS:000295551900003 PM 21821059 ER PT J AU Huling, SG Hwang, S Fine, D Ko, S AF Huling, Scott G. Hwang, Sangchul Fine, Dennis Ko, Saebom TI Fenton-like initiation of a toluene transformation mechanism SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE H(2)O(2); Oxidation; Toluene; Efficiency; Radical propagation ID OXIDATION; REAGENT; HYDROXYLATION; FE(III)/H2O2; CHEMISTRY; SULFATE; ACID; H2O2 AB In Fenton-driven oxidation treatment systems, reaction intermediates derived from parent compounds can play a significant role in the overall treatment process. Fenton-like reactions in the presence of toluene or benzene, involved a transformation mechanism that was highly efficient relative to the conventional Fenton-driven mechanism. A delay in hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) reaction occurred until the complete or near-complete transformation of toluene or benzene and involved the simultaneous reaction of dissolved oxygen. This highly efficient transformation mechanism is initiated by Fenton-like reactions, and therefore dependent on conventional Fenton-like parameters. Results indicated that several potential parameters and mechanisms did not play a significant role in the transformation mechanism including electron shuttles, Fe chelates, high valent oxo-iron complexes, anionic interferences in H(2)O(2) reaction, and H(2)O(2) formation. The Fenton-like initiation, formation, and propagation of a reaction intermediate species capable of transforming toluene, while simultaneously inhibiting H(2)O(2) reaction is the most viable mechanism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Hwang, Sangchul] Univ Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Fine, Dennis] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Ko, Saebom] CNR, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM huling.scott@epa.gov; sangchul.hwang@upr.edu; fine.dennis@epa.gov; ko.saebom@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 16 BP 5334 EP 5342 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.001 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 826WR UT WOS:000295386800063 PM 21864877 ER PT J AU Schafer, MG Ross, AA Londo, JP Burdick, CA Lee, EH Travers, SE Van de Water, PK Sagers, CL AF Schafer, Meredith G. Ross, Andrew A. Londo, Jason P. Burdick, Connie A. Lee, E. Henry Travers, Steven E. Van de Water, Peter K. Sagers, Cynthia L. TI The Establishment of Genetically Engineered Canola Populations in the US SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BENTGRASS AGROSTIS-STOLONIFERA; BRASSICA-NAPUS L.; GENE FLOW; CREEPING BENTGRASS; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; WILD RELATIVES; OILSEED RAPE; HYBRIDIZATION; FIELDS; PERSISTENCE AB Concerns regarding the commercial release of genetically engineered (GE) crops include naturalization, introgression to sexually compatible relatives and the transfer of beneficial traits to native and weedy species through hybridization. To date there have been few documented reports of escape leading some researchers to question the environmental risks of biotech products. In this study we conducted a systematic roadside survey of canola (Brassica napus) populations growing outside of cultivation in North Dakota, USA, the dominant canola growing region in the U.S. We document the presence of two escaped, transgenic genotypes, as well as non-GE canola, and provide evidence of novel combinations of transgenic forms in the wild. Our results demonstrate that feral populations are large and widespread. Moreover, flowering times of escaped populations, as well as the fertile condition of the majority of collections suggest that these populations are established and persistent outside of cultivation. C1 [Schafer, Meredith G.; Londo, Jason P.; Sagers, Cynthia L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Ross, Andrew A.; Travers, Steven E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Burdick, Connie A.; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. [Van de Water, Peter K.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. RP Schafer, MG (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM csagers@uark.edu FU USDA CREES [NRI 35615-19216] FX Provided by: USDA CREES NRI 35615-19216, "Ecological Impacts from the Interactions of Climate Change, Land-Use Change and Invasive Species.'' The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 5 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e25736 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025736 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834NA UT WOS:000295966900050 PM 21998689 ER PT J AU Kotrappanavar, NS Hussain, AA Abashar, MEE Al-Mutaz, IS Aminabhavi, TM Nadagouda, MN AF Kotrappanavar, Nataraj S. Hussain, A. A. Abashar, M. E. E. Al-Mutaz, Ibrahim S. Aminabhavi, Tejraj M. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI Prediction of physical properties of nanofiltration membranes for neutral and charged solutes SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article DE Nanofiltration; NF 300; NF 250; NaCl; MgCl(2); Rejection rates ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; TITANIA MEMBRANE; SALT REJECTION; SINGLE SALTS; DSPM MODEL; WATER; PERFORMANCE; RETENTION; PERMEABILITY; ELECTROLYTE AB Two commercial nanofiltration (NF) membranes viz., NF 300 MWCO and NF 250 MWCO were used for neutral and charged solute species viz., glucose, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride to investigate their rejection rates using Donnan steric pore model (DSPM) and DSPM-dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE) model. The estimated pore radii are 0.62 nm and 0.56 nm, respectively for the above models, while permeabilities of both the membranes are almost identical. Charge densities were computed using Stokes-Einstein, Born effective and Pauling radii, while dielectric exclusion was assessed for NF 250 membrane. The effect of pH for sodium chloride was studied to evaluate isoelectric point of NF membrane, which was around pH 5. Correlations were attempted between charge density, concentration and pH for each radius. Charge density decreased drastically for sodium chloride when dielectric exclusion was included in the calculations, thus showing real physical characteristics of the membranes, whereas divalent magnesium chloride showed a shift from positive to negative charge density. The importance of charge density and pore radius in understanding fouling propensity of NF membranes was discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.] Karnatak Univ, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India. [Kotrappanavar, Nataraj S.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Dept Phys, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Hussain, A. A.] Global Water Sustainabil Ctr, Doha, Qatar. [Abashar, M. E. E.; Al-Mutaz, Ibrahim S.] King Saud Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Aminabhavi, TM (reprint author), Karnatak Univ, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India. EM sknata@gmail.com; aminabhavi@yahoo.com; nadagouda.mallikarjuna@epa.gov OI Al-Mutaz, Ibrahim/0000-0001-7480-5301; Sanna Kotrappanavar, Nataraj/0000-0002-5297-0741; S K, Nataraj/0000-0002-1489-8312 FU University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India FX Authors (SKN and TMA) are thankful to University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India for financial support of this study. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD OCT 3 PY 2011 VL 280 IS 1-3 BP 174 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2011.07.007 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 839KY UT WOS:000296365800024 ER PT J AU Carll, AP Haykal-Coates, N Winsett, DW Hazari, MS Nyska, A Richards, JH Willis, MS Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Carll, Alex P. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Winsett, Darrell W. Hazari, Mehdi S. Nyska, Abraham Richards, Judy H. Willis, Monte S. Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI Dietary Salt Exacerbates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Rats SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiomyopathy; salt; isoproterenol; heart failure; spontaneously hypertensive; rats; fibrosis ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RAT; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; INDUCED CARDIAC FIBROSIS; HEART-FAILURE; LONG-TERM; ADRENERGIC-MECHANISMS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HYPERTROPHY; MODEL AB Spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats (SHHFs) take longer to develop compensated heart failure (HF) and congestive decompensation than common surgical models of HF. Isoproterenol (ISO) infusion can accelerate cardiomyopathy in young SHHFs, while dietary salt loading in hypertensive rats induces cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and-in a minority-congestive HF. By combining ISO with dietary salt loading in young SHHFs, the authors sought a nonsurgical model that is more time-and resource-efficient than any of these factors alone. The authors hypothesized that salt loading would enhance ISO-accelerated cardiomyopathy, promoting fibrosis, hypertrophy, and biochemical characteristics of HF. SHHFs (lean male, 90d) were infused for 4 wk with ISO (2.5 mg/kg/day) or saline. After 2 wk of infusion, a 6-wk high-salt diet (4%, 6%, or 8% NaCl) was initiated. Eight percent salt increased heart weight, HF markers (plasma B-type natriuretic peptide, IL-6), lung lymphocytes, and indicators of lung injury and edema (albumin and protein) relative to control diet, while increasing urine pro-atrial natriuretic peptide relative to ISO-only. High salt also exacerbated ISO-cardiomyopathy and fibrosis. Thus, combining ISO infusion with dietary salt loading in SHHFs holds promise for a new rat HF model that may help researchers to elucidate HF mechanisms and unearth effective treatments. C1 [Haykal-Coates, Najwa; Winsett, Darrell W.; Hazari, Mehdi S.; Richards, Judy H.; Farraj, Aimen K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Carll, Alex P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Timrat, Israel. [Willis, Monte S.] Univ N Carolina, McAllister Heart Inst, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Costa, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Mail Code B105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov OI Carll, Alex/0000-0003-1832-3070; Willis, Monte/0000-0002-0769-5816 NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 39 IS 6 BP 925 EP 937 DI 10.1177/0192623311416373 PG 13 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 961IO UT WOS:000305458300003 PM 21878552 ER PT J AU Duma, D Fernandes, D Bonini, MG Stadler, K Mason, RP Assreuy, J AF Duma, Danielle Fernandes, Daniel Bonini, Marcelo G. Stadler, Krisztian Mason, Ronald P. Assreuy, Jamil TI NOS-1-derived NO is an essential triggering signal for the development of systemic inflammatory responses SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nitric oxide; Sepsis; NOS-1; Skeletal muscle; Vascular hyporesponsiveness ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; IN-OVINE SEPSIS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SEPTIC SHOCK; ENDOTOXIN-SHOCK; NEURONAL NOS; L-ARGININE; KAPPA-B; INHIBITION AB Nitric oxide (NO) produced by the NO synthase type 2 (NOS-2) is known to have a prominent role in the course of the inflammatory response but less is known concerning the role of NO derived from the constitutive NOS isoforms. We have examined the role of NO derived from NOS-1 in the initiation of the systemic inflammatory response using sepsis models. Injection of LPS in rats induced an early hypotension, NOS-2 expression, increased lung myeloperoxidase activity and increased NO metabolite (NOx) levels in the skeletal muscle. Pre-treatment with 7-nitroindazol (7-NI) prevented all these changes, but its administration after LPS injection was ineffective. Septic (cecal ligation and puncture method, CLP) rats exhibited signs of organ failure, hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors and 75% mortality over 3 days after surgery. Pre-treatment with 7-NI prevented or significantly reduced these alterations. Injection of 7-NI after sepsis onset was without effect. Wild type mice injected with LPS exhibited increased plasma NOx, NOS-2 and COX-2 expression and 80% mortality. NOS-1(-/-)mice injected with LPS exhibited smaller increase in plasma NOx, no NOS-2 and COX-2 expression and reduced mortality. Injection of an NO donor in CLP rats pre-treated with 7-NI or in NOS-1(-/)-mice returned the mortality rate to those of CLP in rats and LPS in mice. Our results demonstrate that NOS-1-derived NO acts as a signaling element and it is essential for the initiation of systemic inflammation as demonstrated by the reduction of the inflammatory response and mortality by both pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of NOS-1. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Assreuy, Jamil] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Pharmacol, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Duma, Danielle] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Bonini, Marcelo G.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Cardiol Sect, Chicago, IL USA. [Bonini, Marcelo G.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Chicago, IL USA. [Stadler, Krisztian] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Oxidat Stress & Dis Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. RP Assreuy, J (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Pharmacol, Block D CCB,Campus Trindade, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. EM assreuy@farmaco.ufsc.br RI Fernandes, Daniel/B-7147-2012 OI Fernandes, Daniel/0000-0002-8935-4176 FU CNPq; PRONEX; CAPES; FAPESC (Brazil); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH (USA) FX We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Adriane S. Madeira. We thank Dr. J. B. Calixto (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil) for the use of some of his equipment. Cristalia Pharmaceutical Industries (Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil) is gratefully acknowledged for the gift of heparin. This work was supported by CNPq, PRONEX, CAPES and FAPESC (Brazil) and the intramural research program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH (USA). The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 668 IS 1-2 BP 285 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.05.065 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 929GA UT WOS:000303048100037 PM 21651902 ER PT J AU Greene, S Kalkstein, LS Mills, DM Samenow, J AF Greene, Scott Kalkstein, Laurence S. Mills, David M. Samenow, Jason TI An Examination of Climate Change on Extreme Heat Events and Climate-Mortality Relationships in Large US Cities SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATURE EXTREMES; DECADAL CHANGES; SYSTEM MODEL; WAVES; IMPACTS; CALIFORNIA; 21ST-CENTURY; CHICAGO; FRANCE AB This study examines the impact of a changing climate on heat-related mortality in 40 large cities in the United States. A synoptic climatological procedure, the spatial synoptic classification, is used to evaluate present climate-mortality relationships and project how potential climate changes might affect these values. Specifically, the synoptic classification is combined with downscaled future climate projections for the decadal periods of 2020-29, 2045-55, and 2090-99 from a coupled atmospheric-oceanic general circulation model. The results show an increase in excessive heat event (EHE) days and increased heat-attributable mortality across the study cities with the most pronounced increases projected to occur in the Southeast and Northeast. This increase becomes more dramatic toward the end of the twenty-first century as the anticipated impact of climate change intensifies. The health impact associated with different emissions scenarios is also examined. These results suggest that a "business as usual'' approach to greenhouse gas emissions mitigation could result in twice as many heat-related deaths by the end of the century than a lower emissions scenario. Finally, a comparison of future estimates of heat-related mortality during EHEs is presented using algorithms developed during two different, although overlapping, time periods, one that includes some recent large-scale significant EHE intervention strategies (1975-2004), and one without (1975-95). The results suggest these public health responses can significantly decrease heat-related mortality. C1 [Greene, Scott] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kalkstein, Laurence S.] Univ Miami, Dept Geog & Reg Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Kalkstein, Laurence S.] Appl Climatologists Inc, Marco Isl, FL USA. [Mills, David M.] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Samenow, Jason] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Greene, S (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, 100 E Boyd St,Suite 410, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jgreene@gcn.ou.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs, Climate Change Division FX We would like to acknowledge the support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs, Climate Change Division. In addition, we thank Katherine Hayhoe for providing the GCM output and Nikki Acton for her cartographic support. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the EPA. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1948-8327 J9 WEATHER CLIM SOC JI Weather Clim. Soc. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 3 IS 4 BP 281 EP 292 DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-11-00055.1 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 913EP UT WOS:000301857500008 ER PT J AU Biales, AD Bencic, DC Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT Lattier, DL AF Biales, Adam D. Bencic, David C. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. Lattier, David L. TI Proteomic analysis of zebrafish brain tissue following exposure to the pesticide prochloraz SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Proteomics; Brain; Hypothalamus/pituitary/gonadal; Prochloraz; Zebrafish; Gene expression ID ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; SHOCK-PROTEIN EXPRESSION; FUNGICIDE PROCHLORAZ; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; STATISTICAL-MODEL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; CHINOOK SALMON AB The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays a central role in the maintenance of homeostasis and disruptions in its function can have important implications for reproduction and other critical biological processes. A number of compounds found in aquatic environments are known to affect the HPG axis. In the present study, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis to investigate the proteome of female and male zebrafish brain after 96 h exposure to the fungicide prochloraz. Prochloraz has known effects on a number of key HPG molecules, including antagonism of Cyp17 and Cyp19 (aromatase). Twenty-eight proteins were shown to be differentially expressed in the brains of females and 22 in males. Proteins were identified using LC-MS/MS and identities were examined relative to brain function in the context of changing steroid hormone levels. There was little overlap between sexes in proteins exhibiting differential expression. Proteins with known roles in metabolism, learning, neuroprotection, and calcium regulation were determined to be differentially regulated. Relationships between identified proteins were also examined using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and females were shown to exhibit enrichment of several metabolic pathways. We used differentially expressed proteins to establish a putative classifier consisting of three proteins that was able to discriminate prochloraz-exposed from control females. Putatively impacted brain functions and specific protein changes that were observed have the potential to be generalized to other that similarly impact steroid hormone levels. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Biales, Adam D.; Bencic, David C.; Lattier, David L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Biales, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM biales.adam@epa.gov NR 56 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 105 IS 3-4 BP 618 EP 628 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.08.021 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 862UW UT WOS:000298120600047 PM 21963592 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK Pressley, C Tabor, DG Gribble, RD AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. Pressley, Christopher Tabor, Dennis G. Gribble, Robert D. TI Aerostat-lofted instrument and sampling method for determination of emissions from open area sources SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Balloon; Air sampling; Open burning; Open detonation; Military ordnance; Emission factors ID OIL FIRES AB An aerostat-borne instrument and sampling method was developed to characterize air samples from area sources, such as emissions from open burning. The 10 kg battery-powered instrument system, termed "the Flyer", is lofted with a helium-filled aerostat of 4 m nominal diameter and maneuvered by means of one or two tethers. The Flyer can be configured variously for continuous CO(2) monitoring, batch sampling of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), black carbon, metals, and PM by size. The samplers are controlled by a trigger circuit to avoid unnecessary dilution from background sampling when not within the source plume. The aerostat/Flyer method was demonstrated by sampling emissions from open burning (OB) and open detonation (OD) of military ordnance. A carbon balance approach was used to derive emission factors that showed excellent agreement with published values. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Aurell, Johanna; Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gribble, Robert D.] Integrated Syst Solut Inc, California, MD 20619 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Aurell, Johanna/L-2046-2013 FU US Army Corps of Engineers FX This work was funded in part by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under a project co-led by Byung Kim and Michael Kemme of the US Army Corps of Engineers. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US EPA. Aerostat field crew support by Brad Campbell (ISSI, Inc), Donnie Gillis, and Steve Terll (Arcadis-US, Inc.) and field assistance by Roger Hale, Darwin Jones, and Cody Spencer (Tooele Army Depot, Test Range) is much appreciated. The authors acknowledge special expertise provided by Bill Squire (US EPA/ORD/NRMRL), Mike Tufts (Arcadis-US, Inc.), and Kevin Hess (Aerial Products, FL). Technical advisors included Ryan Williams and Tyrone Nordquist, US Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC); Randy Cramer, Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity; Eric Erickson, Naval Air Warfare Center-Weapons Division, China Lake; Tony Livingston, Joint Munitions Command; Bill Mitchell of Mitchell and Associates; George Thomson, Chemical Compliance System, Inc. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 806 EP 811 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.075 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 860PG UT WOS:000297959600015 PM 21840564 ER PT J AU Hagler, GSW Yelverton, TLB Vedantham, R Hansen, ADA Turner, JR AF Hagler, Gayle S. W. Yelverton, Tiffany L. B. Vedantham, Ram Hansen, Anthony D. A. Turner, Jay R. TI Post-processing Method to Reduce Noise while Preserving High Time Resolution in Aethalometer Real-time Black Carbon Data SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Smoothing; Aerosol; Carbonaceous; Soot; Aethalometer ID LIGHT-ABSORPTION; PARTICLES; POLLUTANTS; INSTRUMENT AB Real-time aerosol black carbon (BC) data, presented at time resolutions on the order of seconds to minutes, is desirable in field and source characterization studies measuring rapidly varying concentrations of BC. The Optimized Noise-reduction Averaging (ONA) algorithm has been developed to post-process data from the Aethalometer, one of the widely used real-time BC instruments. The ONA program conducts adaptive time-averaging of the BC data, with the incremental light attenuation (Delta ATN) through the instrument's internal filter determining the time window of averaging. Analysis of instrument noise and the algorithm performance was conducted using Aethalometer 1-second data from a soot generation experiment, where input BC concentrations were maintained constant and an optimal Delta ATN(min) value was defined. The ONA procedure was applied to four additional data sets (1 s to 5 min data), including cookstove emissions tests, mobile monitoring, continuous near-road measurements, and indoor air sampling. For these data, the algorithm reduces the occurrence of negative values to virtually zero while preserving the significant dynamic trends in the time series. C1 [Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Yelverton, Tiffany L. B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Vedantham, Ram] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hansen, Anthony D. A.] Magee Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Turner, Jay R.] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO USA. RP Hagler, GSW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagler.gayle@epa.gov FU EPA Office of Research and Development FX This research would not be possible without the Aethalometer data collection efforts supported by numerous EPA Office of Research and Development scientists, including Bill Linak and Brian Gullett (soot generation study); Jim Jetter (cookstove study); Rich Baldauf (mobile monitoring study); Sue Kimbrough, Richard Shores, Bill Mitchell, Carry Croghan, and the ORD Near-Road Team (near-road study); and Davyda Hammond, Gary Norris, Matt Landis, David Olson, Ali Kamal, Sarah Bereznicki, and Alan Vette (indoor air monitoring study). We also greatly appreciate the ONA code-testing provided by Amara Holder and Johanna Aurell (EPA). ARCADIS employees supported several of the monitoring projects, particularly Amar Shah, Richard Snow, and Michal Derlicki. NR 16 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 7 U2 38 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 539 EP 546 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2011.05.0055 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 861ET UT WOS:000298002700008 ER PT J AU Jackson, AK Evers, DC Etterson, MA Condon, AM Folsom, SB Detweiler, J Schmerfeld, J Cristol, DA AF Jackson, Allyson K. Evers, David C. Etterson, Matthew A. Condon, Anne M. Folsom, Sarah B. Detweiler, Jennifer Schmerfeld, John Cristol, Daniel A. TI MERCURY EXPOSURE AFFECTS THE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF A FREE-LIVING TERRESTRIAL SONGBIRD, THE CAROLINA WREN (THRYOTHORUS LUDOVICIANUS) SO AUK LA English DT Article DE Carolina Wren; ecotoxicology; mercury; nest success; point-source pollution; Thryothorus ludovicianus; Virginia ID SWALLOWS TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR; DAILY SURVIVAL PROBABILITIES; NORTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; ENVIRONMENTAL MERCURY; LAYING SEQUENCE; COMMON LOONS; METHYLMERCURY; EGGS; KESTRELS AB Despite mounting evidence of mercury accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems, few data exist on how environmental mercury exposure affects reproductive success in free-living songbirds. From 2007 through 2010, we monitored reproductive success of Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus) breeding along the forest floodplain of two mercury-contaminated rivers in Virginia. Using an information-theoretic approach, we found a 34% reduction in nesting success of Carolina Wrens on mercury-contaminated sites when compared with reference sites. Blood mercury concentration of the attending female was a strong predictor of nest success. Birds nesting on contaminated sites were 3x more likely to abandon their nests than birds on uncontaminated reference sites. We report a range of effects concentrations associated with various levels of reproductive impairment; for example, a 10% reduction in nest success corresponded with 0.7 mu g g(-1) mercury in the blood, 2.4 mu g g(-1) mercury in body feathers, 3.0 mu g g(-1) mercury in tail feathers, and 0.11 mu g g(-1) mercury in eggs. This is the first field study to document the effect of specific adult songbird blood mercury concentrations on breeding performance; our results show that free-living songbirds can suffer negative reproductive effects at relatively low mercury concentrations. Received 13 May 2011, accepted 23 August 2011. C1 [Jackson, Allyson K.; Evers, David C.; Folsom, Sarah B.; Detweiler, Jennifer] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA. [Condon, Anne M.; Schmerfeld, John] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Virginia Field Off, Gloucester, VA 23061 USA. [Etterson, Matthew A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Jackson, Allyson K.; Cristol, Daniel A.] Coll William & Mary, Inst Integrat Bird Behav Studies, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Jackson, AK (reprint author), Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA. EM allyson.jackson@briloon.org FU E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company; Olin Corporation FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. North Fork Holston River research was funded by the Olin Corporation. South River research was funded by E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company, and research was completed with oversight from the South River Science Team, which is a collaboration of state and federal agencies, academic institutions, and environmental interests. We thank the field crews and numerous landowners who allowed us access to their property, along with two anonymous reviewers who offered helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 45 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 52 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD OCT PY 2011 VL 128 IS 4 BP 759 EP 769 DI 10.1525/auk.2011.11106 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 859JM UT WOS:000297872700016 ER PT J AU Cogliano, VJ AF Cogliano, V. J. TI Overview of IARC and IRIS Use of Genetic Toxicity and Mechanistic Data. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Cogliano, V. J.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800082 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM AF DeMarini, D. M. TI Overview of the Toxicity of the Oil Dispersant Corexit. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [DeMarini, D. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800071 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM AF DeMarini, D. M. TI Low-Dose Carcinogenicity Studies. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [DeMarini, D. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800057 ER PT J AU Euling, SY White, L Ovacik, AM Makris, SL Sen, B Androulakis, IP Hester, S Gaido, KW Kim, AS Benson, R Wilson, VS Keshava, C Keshava, N Foster, PM Gray, LE Chiu, WA Thompson, C AF Euling, S. Y. White, L. Ovacik, A. M. Makris, S. L. Sen, B. Androulakis, I. P. Hester, S. Gaido, K. W. Kim, A. S. Benson, R. Wilson, V. S. Keshava, C. Keshava, N. Foster, P. M. Gray, Jr. L. E. Chiu, W. A. Thompson, C. TI An Approach to Using Toxicogenomic Data in Risk Assessment: Dibutyl Phthalate Case Study. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Euling, S. Y.; Makris, S. L.; Chiu, W. A.] US EPA, NCEA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hester, S.; Wilson, V. S.; Keshava, C.; Keshava, N.; Gray, Jr. L. E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [White, L.; Sen, B.; Foster, P. M.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ovacik, A. M.; Androulakis, I. P.] Rutgers State Univ, UMDNJ, ebCTC, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Gaido, K. W.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Kim, A. S.] Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA USA. [Benson, R.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Thompson, C.] ToxStrategies Inc, Katy, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800016 ER PT J AU Gibbons, CF AF Gibbons, C. F. TI Dichloromethane: A Case Study for the Interpretation of Genetic Toxicity Data by IARC and the IRIS Program. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Gibbons, C. F.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S33 EP S33 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800083 ER PT J AU Jarabek, AM AF Jarabek, A. M. TI Application of a Decsion Analytic Approach to Case Studies. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Jarabek, A. M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800065 ER PT J AU Jeong, CH Anduri, S Richardson, SD Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ Kogevinas, M Wagner, ED Plewa, MJ AF Jeong, C. H. Anduri, S. Richardson, S. D. Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. Kogevinas, M. Wagner, E. D. Plewa, M. J. TI Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water in Europe: HIWATE. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Jeong, C. H.; Wagner, E. D.; Plewa, M. J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Anduri, S.; Richardson, S. D.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J.; Kogevinas, M.] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona, Spain. RI Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/C-3914-2017 OI Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/0000-0001-9461-7981 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800230 ER PT J AU Myatt, GJ Bower, D Cross, K Crump, M Miller, S Saiakhov, R Tice, RR AF Myatt, G. J. Bower, D. Cross, K. Crump, M. Miller, S. Saiakhov, R. Tice, R. R. TI Providing a Single Point of Access to Genetic Toxicity Models and Data SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Myatt, G. J.; Bower, D.; Cross, K.; Crump, M.; Miller, S.] Leadscope Inc, Columbus, OH USA. [Tice, R. R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Saiakhov, R.] MultiCASE Inc, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S76 EP S76 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800259 ER PT J AU Pachkowski, B Guyton, K Sonawane, B AF Pachkowski, B. Guyton, K. Sonawane, B. TI In Utero DNA Repair: Current Understanding and Potential Application in Risk Assessment. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Pachkowski, B.] US EPA, ORISE, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S49 EP S49 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800148 ER PT J AU Schoeny, RS AF Schoeny, R. S. TI Relevance of DNA Adduct Approaches to Regulatory Risk Assessment. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Schoeny, R. S.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800067 ER PT J AU Schoeny, RS AF Schoeny, R. S. TI Dose-Response Issues in the Regulation of Chemicals. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Schoeny, R. S.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800059 ER PT J AU Sonawane, B AF Sonawane, B. TI Overview: Perspectives on the Evaluation and Interpretation of Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity Data. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Sonawane, B.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800081 ER PT J AU Swartz, CD Lentz, C Baldetti, C Garibaldi, P Recio, L Witt, KL AF Swartz, C. D. Lentz, C. Baldetti, C. Garibaldi, P. Recio, L. Witt, K. L. TI Mutagenicity of AIDS Therapeutics in a Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Swartz, C. D.; Lentz, C.; Baldetti, C.; Garibaldi, P.; Recio, L.] Integrated Syst Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Witt, K. L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800235 ER PT J AU Wallace, K Blackman, CF DeMarini, DM Simmons, SO AF Wallace, K. Blackman, C. F. DeMarini, D. M. Simmons, S. O. TI Cellular Stress Responses Elicited by Engineered Nanomaterials. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society on Environmental Impacts on the Genome and Epigenome - Mechanisms and Risks CY OCT 15-19, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Wallace, K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Blackman, C. F.; DeMarini, D. M.; Simmons, S. O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 860DU UT WOS:000297929800276 ER PT J AU Mata, TM Martins, AA Sikdar, SK Costa, CAV AF Mata, Teresa M. Martins, Antonio A. Sikdar, Subhas K. Costa, Carlos A. V. TI Sustainability considerations of biodiesel based on supply chain analysis SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Review DE Biodiesel life cycle; Alternative feedstocks; Sustainability metrics; Indicators ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LAND-USE CHANGE; PALM OIL; BIOFUELS; METRICS AB Developing clean and renewable energy resources ranks as one of the greatest challenges facing mankind in the medium to long term. The issues associated with developing non-fossil energy are intimately connected with economic development and prosperity, quality of life and global stability, and require smart strategies for sustainable development. This study presents a relative sustainability assessment of biodiesel, taking into account its full life cycle with the main goal of comparing alternative feedstocks, either currently used or promising for future use such as microalgae. A set of sustainability metrics relevant for biodiesel is identified using only the data available in the literature and taking into account all the three dimensions of sustainability: environmental, societal, and economic. Although this study does not attempt to identify which feedstock or process is the best, its procedural suggestions may be valuable to practitioners and policy makers seeking to identify the best alternatives. The conclusions, however, are limited by the availability and the quality of the data used in the analyses. C1 [Mata, Teresa M.; Costa, Carlos A. V.] Univ Porto FEUP, LEPAE Lab Proc Environm & Energy Engn, Fac Engn, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. [Martins, Antonio A.] Univ Porto FEUP, CEFT Ctr Transport Phenomena Studies, Fac Engn, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. [Sikdar, Subhas K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Mata, TM (reprint author), Univ Porto FEUP, LEPAE Lab Proc Environm & Energy Engn, Fac Engn, R Dr Roberto Frias S-N, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. EM tmata@fe.up.pt RI Martins, Antonio/I-4345-2013; Mata, Teresa/I-4364-2013; OI Martins, Antonio/0000-0002-4930-078X; Mata, Teresa/0000-0001-8696-8925; costa, carlos/0000-0003-3136-9049 NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD OCT PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 655 EP 671 DI 10.1007/s10098-010-0346-9 PG 17 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849KO UT WOS:000297124600003 ER PT J AU Bare, J AF Bare, Jane TI TRACI 2.0: the tool for the reduction and assessment of chemical and other environmental impacts 2.0 SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Life cycle impact assessment; Life cycle assessment; Methodology development ID OZONE CREATION POTENTIALS; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HYDROCARBONS; EUROPE AB TRACI 2.0, the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts 2.0, has been expanded and developed for sustainability metrics, life cycle impact assessment, industrial ecology, and process design impact assessment for developing increasingly sustainable products, processes, facilities, companies, and communities. TRACI 2.0 allows the quantification of stressors that have potential effects, including ozone depletion, global warming, acidification, eutrophication, tropospheric ozone (smog) formation, human health criteria-related effects, human health cancer, human health noncancer, ecotoxicity, and fossil fuel depletion effects. Research is going on to quantify the use of land and water in a future version of TRACI. The original version of TRACI released in August 2002 (Bare et al. J Ind Ecol 6: 49-78, 2003) has been used in many prestigious applications including: the US Green Building Council's LEED Certification (US Green Building Council, Welcome to US Green Building Council, 2008), the National Institute of Standards and Technology's BEES (Building for Environment and Economic Sustainability) (Lippiatt, BEES 4.0: building for environmental and economic sustainability technical manual and user guide, 2007) which is used by US EPA for Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP), 2008d), the US Marine Corps' EKAT (Environmental Knowledge and Assessment Tool) for military and non-military uses (US Marine Corps, Environmental knowledge and assessment tool (EKAT): first time user's guide, 2007), and within numerous college curriculums in engineering and design departments. C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bare, J (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bare.jane@epa.gov NR 77 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 4 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD OCT PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 687 EP 696 DI 10.1007/s10098-010-0338-9 PG 10 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849KO UT WOS:000297124600005 ER PT J AU Makris, SL Kim, JH Ellis, A Faber, W Harrouk, W Lewis, JM Paule, MG Seed, J Tassinari, M Tyl, R AF Makris, Susan L. Kim, James H. Ellis, Amy Faber, Willem Harrouk, Wafa Lewis, Joseph M. Paule, Merle G. Seed, Jennifer Tassinari, Melissa Tyl, Rochelle TI Current and Future Needs for Developmental Toxicity Testing SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE developmental toxicology testing; pharmaceuticals; environmental chemicals; food additives; cosmetics; consumer products; risk assessment ID ABNORMALITIES; TERMINOLOGY; FDA AB A review is presented of the use of developmental toxicity testing in the United States and international regulatory assessment of human health risks associated with exposures to pharmaceuticals (human and veterinary), chemicals (agricultural, industrial, and environmental), food additives, cosmetics, and consumer products. Developmental toxicology data are used for prioritization and screening of pharmaceuticals and chemicals, for evaluating and labeling of pharmaceuticals, and for characterizing hazards and risk of exposures to industrial and environmental chemicals. The in vivo study designs utilized in hazard characterization and dose-response assessment for developmental outcomes have not changed substantially over the past 30 years and have served the process well. Now there are opportunities to incorporate new technologies and approaches to testing into the existing assessment paradigm, or to apply innovative approaches to various aspects of risk assessment. Developmental toxicology testing can be enhanced by the refinement or replacement of traditional in vivo protocols, including through the use of in vitro assays, studies conducted in alternative nonmammalian species, the application of new technologies, and the use of in silico models. Potential benefits to the current regulatory process include the ability to screen large numbers of chemicals quickly, with the commitment of fewer resources than traditional toxicology studies, and to refine the risk assessment process through an enhanced understanding of the mechanisms of developmental toxicity and their relevance to potential human risk. As the testing paradigm evolves, the ability to use developmental toxicology data to meet diverse critical regulatory needs must be retained. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:384-394, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, ORD, NCEA W, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kim, James H.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Ellis, Amy; Harrouk, Wafa] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Faber, Willem] Willem Faber Toxicol Consulting, Victor, NY USA. [Lewis, Joseph M.] EI du Pont de Nemours & Co, Wilmington, DE USA. [Paule, Merle G.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Seed, Jennifer] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Tassinari, Melissa] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Tyl, Rochelle] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NCEA W, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mailcode 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM makris.susan@epa.gov NR 57 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 SI SI BP 384 EP 394 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20335 PG 11 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 842PT UT WOS:000296612100002 PM 21922641 ER PT J AU Carney, EW Ellis, AL Tyl, RW Foster, PMD Scialli, AR Thompson, K Kim, J AF Carney, Edward W. Ellis, Amy L. Tyl, Rochelle W. Foster, Paul M. D. Scialli, Anthony R. Thompson, Kary Kim, James TI Critical Evaluation of Current Developmental Toxicity Testing Strategies: A Case of Babies and Their Bathwater SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE safety testing; maternal toxicity; pharmacokinetics; alternatives to animal testing ID HUMAN RISK-ASSESSMENT; MATERNAL TOXICITY; FETAL MALFORMATIONS; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; SCORING SYSTEM; WAVY RIBS; RABBIT; EMBRYO; REACH; RAT AB This review is the second in a series of four papers emanating from a workshop entitled "Developmental Toxicology-New Directions," which was sponsored by the ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's (HESI) Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Technical Committee. The present review analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of current developmental safety testing approaches in an effort to identify those strengths that should be retained in the future versus the weaknesses that should be eliminated. Workshop participants considered the following to be key strengths of current testing approaches: the integrated biology of pregnant animal models including pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, the ability to detect low incidence malformations as well as maternally mediated toxicity, and the long history of use coupled with extensive historical data. A number of weaknesses were related to the resource-intensive nature of developmental toxicity testing (e. g., large number of animals, high costs, low throughput, the inability to keep pace with the demand for more toxicity data). Other weaknesses included the use of very high dose levels that often far exceed human exposure levels, the confounding influence of maternal toxicity, sparse understanding of basic developmental mechanisms and genetics of standard animal models relative to mouse or lower organisms, difficulties interpreting low incidence findings, and issues surrounding the interpretation of minor skeletal variations. An appreciation of these strengths and weaknesses is critical for the design of new approaches to developmental toxicity testing in the 21st century. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:395-403, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Carney, Edward W.] Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Ellis, Amy L.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tyl, Rochelle W.] RTI Int, Discovery & Analyt Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Foster, Paul M. D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Scialli, Anthony R.] Tetra Tech Sci, Arlington, VA USA. [Thompson, Kary] Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Reprod Toxicol, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Kim, James] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst HESI, Washington, DC USA. RP Carney, EW (reprint author), Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, 1803 Bldg, Midland, MI 48674 USA. EM ecarney@dow.com NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 SI SI BP 395 EP 403 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20318 PG 9 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 842PT UT WOS:000296612100003 PM 21770028 ER PT J AU Brannen, KC Fenton, SE Hansen, DK Harrouk, W Kim, JH Shuey, D AF Brannen, Kimberly C. Fenton, Suzanne E. Hansen, Deborah K. Harrouk, Wafa Kim, James H. Shuey, Dana TI Developmental Toxicology-New Directions Workshop: Refining Testing Strategies and Study Designs SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE refined study designs; testing strategies; developmental toxicology; safety assessment AB In April 2009, the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's (HESI) Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Technical Committee held a two-day workshop entitled "Developmental Toxicology-New Directions." The third session of the workshop focused on ways to refine animal studies to improve relevance and predictivity for human risk. The session included five presentations on: (1) considerations for refining developmental toxicology testing and data interpretation; (2) comparative embryology and considerations in study design and interpretation; (3) pharmacokinetic considerations in study design; (4) utility of genetically modified models for understanding mode-of-action; and (5) special considerations in reproductive testing for biologics. The presentations were followed by discussion by the presenters and attendees. Much of the discussion focused on aspects of refining current animal testing strategies, including use of toxicokinetic data, dose selection, tiered/triggered testing strategies, species selection, and use of alternative animal models. Another major area of discussion was use of non-animal-based testing paradigms, including how to define a "signal" or adverse effect, translating in vitro exposures to whole animal and human exposures, validation strategies, the need to bridge the existing gap between classical toxicology testing and risk assessment, and development of new technologies. Although there was general agreement among participants that the current testing strategy is effective, there was also consensus that traditional methods are resource-intensive and improved effectiveness of developmental toxicity testing to assess risks to human health is possible. This article provides a summary of the session's presentations and discussion and describes some key areas that warrant further consideration. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:404-412, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Brannen, Kimberly C.] Charles River Labs, Preclin Serv, Horsham, PA USA. [Fenton, Suzanne E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hansen, Deborah K.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Harrouk, Wafa] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kim, James H.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Shuey, Dana] Endo Pharmaceut Inc, Chadds Ford, PA USA. RP Brannen, KC (reprint author), Charles River Labs, Preclin Serv, Horsham, PA USA. EM kimberly.brannen@crl.com FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES102785-02, ZIA ES102785-01] NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 SI SI BP 404 EP 412 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20326 PG 9 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 842PT UT WOS:000296612100004 PM 22006510 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Kavlock, RJ Daston, GP Stedman, D Hixon, M Kim, JH AF Knudsen, Thomas B. Kavlock, Robert J. Daston, George P. Stedman, Donald Hixon, Mary Kim, James H. TI Developmental Toxicity Testing for Safety Assessment: New Approaches and Technologies SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE environmental issues; in vitro screens; modeling; molecular embryology; risk assessment ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; STEM-CELLS; GENE; TOXICOLOGY; ZEBRAFISH; DATABASES; EXPOSURE; BIOLOGY; SYSTEM; RABBIT AB The ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Technical Committee held a 2-day workshop entitled "Developmental Toxicology-New Directions" in April 2009. The fourth session of this workshop focused on new approaches and technologies for the assessment of developmental toxicology. This session provided an overview of the application of genomics technologies for developmental safety assessment, the use of mouse embryonic stem cells to capture data on developmental toxicity pathways, dynamical cell imaging of zebrafish embryos, the use of computation models of development pathways and systems, and finally, high-throughput in vitro approaches being utilized by the EPA ToxCast program. Issues discussed include the challenges of anchoring in vitro predictions to relevant in vivo endpoints and the need to validate pathway-based predictions with targeted studies in whole animals. Currently, there are 10,000 to 30,000 chemicals in world-wide commerce in need of hazard data for assessing potential health risks. The traditional animal study designs for assessing developmental toxicity cannot accommodate the evaluation of this large number of chemicals, requiring that alternative technologies be utilized. Though a daunting task, technologies are being developed and utilized to make that goal reachable. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:413-420, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Knudsen, Thomas B.; Kavlock, Robert J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Daston, George P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Labs, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Stedman, Donald] Pfizer Pharmaceut Inc, Pfizer Global R&D, DART, Groton, CT USA. [Hixon, Mary] Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Kim, James H.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst HESI, Washington, DC USA. RP Knudsen, TB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM knudsen.thomas@epa.gov NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-9733 EI 1542-9741 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 SI SI BP 413 EP 420 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20315 PG 8 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 842PT UT WOS:000296612100005 PM 21770025 ER PT J AU Watrud, LS Brewer, J Shiroyama, T Smith, BM King, GA AF Watrud, Lidia S. Brewer, Jim Shiroyama, Tamotsu Smith, Bonnie M. King, George A. TI Sodium thioglycollate enhances pollen germination and pollen tube elongation in cruciferous species SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE Brassicaceae; Canola; Pollen tube; Reducing agent; Sodium thioglycollate ID BRASSICA-NAPUS L.; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; TOBACCO POLLEN; AEROBIC FERMENTATION; STIGMA INTERACTIONS; POLLINATED PISTILS; GLYPHOSATE DRIFT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GROWTH AB Sodium thioglycollate is a reducing agent used in microbiological growth media to enhance the growth of anerobic, microaerophilic, and facultative organisms, and in eukaryotic tissue extraction buffers to inhibit damaging oxidative reactions. Sodium thioglycollate was added to a semi-solid pollen germination medium to evaluate its effects on in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, based on the assumption that conditions within stylar tissues are less aerobic than in ambient conditions. We observed significant increases in the percent germination and pollen tube elongation of both crop and weedy mustard family species, on a medium containing 2.2 mM sodium thioglycollate. This suggests that sodium thioglycollate may be a useful amendment to semi-solid media and to solutions that are used to study pollen vigor, physiology, or gene expression, and to bioassay sensitivities of different species or genotypes to diverse physical and chemical factors. C1 [Watrud, Lidia S.; Shiroyama, Tamotsu; Smith, Bonnie M.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Brewer, Jim; King, George A.] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Watrud, LS (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM watrud.lidia@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development FX This work was supported in whole by funding from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not imply endorsement, nor do the views of the authors necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD OCT PY 2011 VL 47 IS 5 BP 589 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s11627-011-9400-5 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 850AV UT WOS:000297167700005 ER PT J AU Leinisch, F Jiang, JJ Deterding, LJ Mason, RP AF Leinisch, Fabian Jiang, JinJie Deterding, Leesa J. Mason, Ronald P. TI Simplified Synthesis of Isotopically Labeled 5,5-Dimethyl-pyrroline N-Oxide SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE spin trap; isotopic labeling; DMPO ID BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; FREE-RADICALS; SPIN-TRAPS; 1-OXIDES AB 5,5-Dimethylpyrroline N-oxide ((15)N) and 5,5-di(trideuteromethyl)pyrroline N-oxide were synthesized from the respective isotopically labeled 2-nitropropane analogs obtained from the reaction of sodium nitrate with 2-halopropanes. This facile, straightforward process allows synthesizing isotopically labeled DMPO analogs in a 4-step reaction without special equipment. C1 [Leinisch, Fabian; Jiang, JinJie; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Deterding, Leesa J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Leinisch, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM leinischf@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX We would like to thank Ann G. Motten, Jean Corbett, Fiona A. Summers and Mary J. Mason for their help with the manuscript and Eugene DeRose for the NMR measurements. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD OCT PY 2011 VL 16 IS 10 BP 8428 EP 8436 DI 10.3390/molecules16108428 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 847KY UT WOS:000296973000021 PM 21986521 ER PT J AU Scott, G Monceaux, B Mishina, Y Brown, T Ray, M AF Scott, Gregory Monceaux, Brittany Mishina, Yuji Brown, Tracy Ray, Manas TI EVC2/LIMBIN KO mice as a model for Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome and Bovine Chondrodysplastic Dwarfism SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Scott, Gregory; Brown, Tracy; Ray, Manas] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mishina, Yuji] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Monceaux, Brittany] LSU Hlth Sci Ctr, Shreveport, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 MA 43 BP 1157 EP 1157 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 844XS UT WOS:000296786900057 ER PT J AU Abu Habib, N Wilcox, AJ Daltveit, AK Basso, O Shao, J Oneko, O Lie, RT AF Abu Habib, Ndema Wilcox, Allen J. Daltveit, Anne Kjersti Basso, Olga Shao, John Oneko, Olola Lie, Rolv Terje TI Birthweight, preterm birth and perinatal mortality: a comparison of black babies in Tanzania and the USA SO ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE Birthweight; developing country; fetal development; perinatal mortality; preterm birth ID UNITED-STATES; RURAL TANZANIA; BELGIUM; INFANTS AB Objectives. Adverse conditions in Africa produce some of the highest rates of infant mortality in the world. Fetal growth restriction and preterm delivery are commonly regarded as major pathways through which conditions in the developing world affect infant survival. The aim of this article was to compare patterns of birthweight, preterm delivery, and perinatal mortality between black people in Tanzania and the USA. Design. Registry-based study. Settings. Referral hospital data from North Eastern Tanzania and US Vital Statistics. Sample. 14 444 singleton babies from a hospital-based registry (1999-2006) and 3 530 335 black singletons from US vital statistics (1995-2000). Main outcome measures. Birthweight, gestational age and perinatal mortality. Methods. Restricting our study to babies born at least 500g, we compared birthweight, gestational age, and perinatal mortality (stillbirths and deaths in the first week) in the two study populations. Results. Perinatal mortality in the Tanzanian sample was 41/1 000, compared with 10/1 000 among USA blacks. Tanzanian babies were slightly smaller on average (43g), but fewer were preterm (<37weeks) (10.0 vs. 16.2%). Applying the USA weight-specific mortality rates to Tanzanian babies born at term suggested that birthweight does not play a role in their increased mortality relative to USA blacks. Conclusions. Higher mortality independent of birthweight and preterm delivery for Tanzanian babies suggests the need to address the contribution of other pathways to further reduce the excess perinatal mortality. C1 [Abu Habib, Ndema] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Daltveit, Anne Kjersti; Lie, Rolv Terje] Univ Bergen, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Hlth Care, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Daltveit, Anne Kjersti; Lie, Rolv Terje] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. [Wilcox, Allen J.; Basso, Olga] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Durham, NC USA. [Shao, John; Oneko, Olola] Kilimanjaro Christian Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Moshi, Tanzania. RP Abu Habib, N (reprint author), Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, POB 65015, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. EM ndema_h@yahoo.com RI Basso, Olga/E-5384-2010; OI Basso, Olga/0000-0001-9298-4921; Habib, Ndema/0000-0003-4882-1687; Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU Norwegian Council for Higher Education; NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Funding for this work was provided by the Norwegian Council for Higher Education's Program for Development Research (NUFU) with funds allocated to the Centre for International Health at the University of Bergen under the Health Systems Research and Health Promotion in relation to Reproductive Health in Tanzania project, of which the Medical Birth Registry at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) is one element.; Partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-6349 EI 1600-0412 J9 ACTA OBSTET GYN SCAN JI Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 90 IS 10 BP 1100 EP 1106 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01195.x PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 829PC UT WOS:000295595100007 PM 21615361 ER PT J AU Raciti, SM Groffman, PM Jenkins, JC Pouyat, RV Fahey, TJ Pickett, STA Cadenasso, ML AF Raciti, Steve M. Groffman, Peter M. Jenkins, Jennifer C. Pouyat, Richard V. Fahey, Timothy J. Pickett, Steward T. A. Cadenasso, Mary L. TI Nitrate production and availability in residential soils SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE development; forest; land use; lawn fertilization; nitrate; nitrogen; residential land; soil; turfgrass; urban areas ID COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; NITROGEN LOSSES; UNITED-STATES; HOME LAWNS; LAND-USE; URBAN; ECOSYSTEM; RETENTION; FORESTS; FERTILIZATION AB The rapid increase in residential land area in the United States has raised concern about water pollution associated with nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrate (NO(3)(-)) is the form of reactive N that is most susceptible to leaching and runoff; thus, a more thorough understanding of nitrification and NO(3)(-) availability is needed if we are to accurately predict the consequences of residential expansion for water quality. In particular, there have been few assessments of how the land use history, housing density, and age of residential soils influence NO(3)(-) pools and fluxes, especially at depth. In this study, we used 1 m deep soil cores to evaluate potential net nitrification and mineralization, microbial respiration and biomass, and soil NO(3) and NH(4)(+) pools in 32 residential home lawns that differed by previous land use and age, but had similar soil types. These were compared to eight forested reference sites with similar soils. Our results suggest that a change to residential land use has increased pools and production of reactive N, which has clear implications for water quality in the region. However, the results contradict the common assumption that NO(3)(-) production and availability is dramatically higher in residential soils than in forests in general. While net nitrification (128.6 +/- 15.5 mg.m(-2).d(-1) vs. 4.7 +/- 2.3 mg.m(-2).d(-1); mean +/- SE) and exchangeable NO(3)(-) (3.8 +/- 0.5 g/m(2) vs. 0.7 +/- 0.3 g/m(2)) were significantly higher in residential soils than in forest soils in this study, these measures of NO(3)(-) production and availability were still notably low, comparable to deciduous forest stands in other studies. A second unexpected result was that current homeowner management practices were not predictive of NO(3)(-) availability or production. This may reflect the transient availability of inorganic N after fertilizer application. Higher housing density and a history of agricultural land use were predictors of greater NO(3)(-) availability in residential soils. If these factors are good predictors across a wider range of sites, they may be useful indicators of NO(3)(-) availability and leaching and runoff potential at the landscape scale. C1 [Raciti, Steve M.; Fahey, Timothy J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.; Pickett, Steward T. A.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Jenkins, Jennifer C.] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20003 USA. [Pouyat, Richard V.] USDA Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Cadenasso, Mary L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Raciti, SM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, 675 Commonwealth Ave,4th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM raciti@bu.edu RI Raciti, Steve/D-3837-2013 OI Raciti, Steve/0000-0002-6793-5068 FU National Science Foundation Ecosystem Studies; LTER programs [DEB-0444919, DEB-9714835] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Ecosystem Studies and LTER programs (Grant numbers DEB-0444919 and DEB-9714835). The authors thank Dan Dillon, David Lewis, Lisa Martel, Giovanna McClenachan, Ellen Schmidt, Robin Schmidt, Kirsten Schwarz, and Ian Yesilonis for help with field sampling, laboratory analysis, advice, and project planning. The authors extend a special thanks to the homeowners who provided access to their properties. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 62 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2357 EP 2366 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 836UP UT WOS:000296139200002 PM 22073628 ER PT J AU Cain, A Morgan, JT Brooks, N AF Cain, Alexis Morgan, Joy Taylor Brooks, Ned TI Mercury policy in the Great Lakes states: past successes and future opportunities SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Policy; Great Lakes; Environmental cost-effectiveness ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; CONSEQUENCES; DEPOSITION; EMISSIONS; BENEFITS; DISEASE; COSTS AB While mercury (Hg) releases to air and water within the Great Lakes states have declined significantly, concentrations of mercury in fish remain a cause for concern regarding human and ecosystem health in the Great Lakes Basin. This paper assesses the priority that Hg source reduction ought to have in relation to some other environmental concerns, and explores the relative costs of various Hg reduction policies. Long-range transport of atmospheric mercury creates a collective action problem for states, since most of the mercury emitted within any given state deposits outside that state's borders, and since most of the mercury deposited within a state originated outside that state. This paper discusses some of the mechanisms that policy makers in the Great Lakes states employed to get beyond the collective action problem, including: providing an example for others to follow; using cross-jurisdiction cooperation to leverage the benefits of leadership on Hg reduction and control; and, promoting voluntary actions. Recommendations for future opportunities include: focusing reduction efforts on sources with the highest total mass of emissions rather than solely focusing on reduction of local deposition and utilizing all tools available in the clean air and clean water acts. C1 [Cain, Alexis] US EPA, Air & Radiat Div, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Morgan, Joy Taylor] Michigan Dept Environm Qual, Air Qual Div, Tox Unit, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. [Brooks, Ned] Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. RP Cain, A (reprint author), US EPA, Air & Radiat Div, Region 5,77 W Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. EM cain.alexis@epamail.epa.gov NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD OCT PY 2011 VL 20 IS 7 SI SI BP 1500 EP 1511 DI 10.1007/s10646-011-0764-4 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 844GR UT WOS:000296736200002 PM 21861165 ER PT J AU Kenow, KP Meyer, MW Rossmann, R Gendron-Fitzpatrick, A Gray, BR AF Kenow, Kevin P. Meyer, Michael W. Rossmann, Ronald Gendron-Fitzpatrick, Annette Gray, Brian R. TI Effects of injected methylmercury on the hatching of common loon (Gavia immer) eggs SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Common loon; Egg; Egg injection; Gavia immer; Mercury; Methylmercury ID METHYL MERCURY; WILD BIRDS; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; MALLARD; CHICKS; REPRODUCTION; AVAILABILITY; ACCUMULATION; BEHAVIOR AB To determine the level of in ovo methylmercury (MeHg) exposure that results in detrimental effects on fitness and survival of loon embryos and hatched chicks, we conducted a field study in which we injected eggs with various doses of MeHg on day 4 of incubation. Eggs were collected following about 23 days of natural incubation and artificially incubated to observe hatching. Reduced embryo survival was evident in eggs injected at a rate of >= 1.3 mu g Hg/g wet-mass. When maternally deposited Hg and injected Hg were considered together, the median lethal concentration of Hg (LC50) was estimated to be 1.78 mu g Hg/g wet-mass. Organ mass patterns from eggs of chicks injected at a rate of 2.9 mu g Hg/g differed from that of controls and chicks from the 0.5 mu g Hg/g treatment, largely related to a negative relation between yolk sac mass and egg mercury concentration. Chicks from eggs in the 2.9 mu g Hg/g treatment were also less responsive to a frightening stimulus than controls and chicks from the 0.5 mu g Hg/g treatment. We also found that the length of incubation period increased with increasing egg mercury concentration. Tissue Hg concentrations were strongly associated (r(2) >= 0.80) with egg Hg concentration. C1 [Kenow, Kevin P.; Gray, Brian R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Meyer, Michael W.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Rossmann, Ronald] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. [Gendron-Fitzpatrick, Annette] Univ Wisconsin, Comparat Pathol Lab RARC, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Kenow, KP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM kkenow@usgs.gov OI Kenow, Kevin/0000-0002-3062-5197; Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550 FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Geological Survey FX The authors acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance: S. C. Houdek, C. D. Pollentier, T. Daulton, J. Wilson, P. Boma, M. Parrara, M. Stuber assisted with nest monitoring and egg collection; J. Bernardy prepared dose solutions; J. C. Filkins, E. L. Pfeiffer, and B. Raymond conducted laboratory mercury analyses; and Z. Guan provided advice on statistical analyses. G. Heinz, D. Hoffman, and J. Waide provided constructive comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Financial and in-kind support for this project was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD OCT PY 2011 VL 20 IS 7 SI SI BP 1684 EP 1693 DI 10.1007/s10646-011-0743-9 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 844GR UT WOS:000296736200019 PM 21789674 ER PT J AU Schmeltz, D Evers, DC Driscoll, CT Artz, R Cohen, M Gay, D Haeuber, R Krabbenhoft, DP Mason, R Morris, K Wiener, JG AF Schmeltz, David Evers, David C. Driscoll, Charles T. Artz, Richard Cohen, Mark Gay, David Haeuber, Richard Krabbenhoft, David P. Mason, Robert Morris, Kristi Wiener, James G. TI MercNet: a national monitoring network to assess responses to changing mercury emissions in the United States SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; MercNet; Ecological effects; Mercury regulation; Monitoring ID NORTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; COMMON LOONS; CONTAMINATION; ECOSYSTEMS; HEALTH; FISH AB A partnership of federal and state agencies, tribes, industry, and scientists from academic research and environmental organizations is establishing a national, policy-relevant mercury monitoring network, called MercNet, to address key questions concerning changes in anthropogenic mercury emissions and deposition, associated linkages to ecosystem effects, and recovery from mercury contamination. This network would quantify mercury in the atmosphere, land, water, and biota in terrestrial, freshwater, and coastal ecosystems to provide a national scientific capability for evaluating the benefits and effectiveness of emission controls. Program development began with two workshops, convened to establish network goals, to select key indicators for monitoring, to propose a geographic network of monitoring sites, and to design a monitoring plan. MercNet relies strongly on multi-institutional partnerships to secure the capabilities and comprehensive data that are needed to develop, calibrate, and refine predictive mercury models and to guide effective management. Ongoing collaborative efforts include the: (1) development of regional multi-media databases on mercury in the Laurentian Great Lakes, northeastern United States, and eastern Canada; (2) syntheses and reporting of these data for the scientific and policy communities; and (3) evaluation of potential monitoring sites. The MercNet approach could be applied to the development of other monitoring programs, such as emerging efforts to monitor and assess global mercury emission controls. C1 [Schmeltz, David; Haeuber, Richard] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Evers, David C.] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Artz, Richard; Cohen, Mark] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gay, David] Illinois State Water Survey, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Mason, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Morris, Kristi] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Wiener, James G.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. RP Schmeltz, D (reprint author), US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Off Atmospher Programs, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW,MC 6204J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM schmeltz.david@epa.gov; david.evers@briloon.org; ctdrisco@syr.edu; richard.artz@noaa.gov; mark.cohen@noaa.gov; dgay@illinois.edu; haeuber.richard@epa.gov; dpkrabbe@usgs.gov; robert.mason@uconn.edu; kristi_morris@nps.gov; wiener.jame@uwlax.edu RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Artz, Richard/P-6371-2015; Cohen, Mark/P-6936-2015; OI Artz, Richard/0000-0002-1335-0697; Cohen, Mark/0000-0003-3183-2558; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; Biodiversity Research Institute; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Park Service; National Atmospheric Deposition Program; Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; Cherokee Nation; Florida Department of Environmental Protection; University of Wisconsin-La Crosse FX This work and preparation of this manuscript were supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, the Biodiversity Research Institute, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Park Service, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, the Cherokee Nation, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, and the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. We appreciate the help of Maureen Hale, Kimberley Driscoll, and Ian Johnson for their assistance with maps and management of materials. This paper has not been subjected to U.S. EPA peer and administrative review; therefore, the conclusions and opinions contained herein are solely those of the authors, and should not be construed to reflect the views of the U.S. EPA. NR 42 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD OCT PY 2011 VL 20 IS 7 SI SI BP 1713 EP 1725 DI 10.1007/s10646-011-0756-4 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 844GR UT WOS:000296736200022 PM 21901443 ER PT J AU Darling, JA Mahon, AR AF Darling, John A. Mahon, Andrew R. TI From molecules to management: Adopting DNA-based methods for monitoring biological invasions in aquatic environments SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aquatic invasive species; DNA-based monitoring; Detection; Uncertainty; Management ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; NEW-ZEALAND WATERS; 1ST RECORD; IDENTIFICATION; ERADICATION; PREVENTION; RISK; PCR; USA; CALIFORNIA AB Recent technological advances have driven rapid development of DNA-based methods designed to facilitate detection and monitoring of invasive species in aquatic environments. These tools promise to improve on traditional monitoring approaches by enhancing detection sensitivity, reducing analytical turnaround times and monitoring costs, and increasing specificity of target identifications. However, despite the promise of DNA-based monitoring methods, the adoption of these tools in decision-making frameworks remains challenging. Here, rather than explore technical aspects of method development, we examine impediments to effective translation of those methods into management contexts. In addition to surveying current use of DNA-based tools for aquatic invasive species monitoring, we explore potential sources of uncertainty associated with molecular technologies and possibilities for limiting that uncertainty and effectively communicating its implications for decision-making. We pay particular attention to the recent adoption of DNA-based methods for detection of invasive Asian carp species in the United States Great Lakes region, as this example illustrates many of the challenges associated with applying molecular tools to achieve desired management outcomes. Our goal is to provide a useful assessment of the obstacles associated with integrating DNA-based methods into aquatic invasive species management, and to offer recommendations for future efforts aimed at overcoming those obstacles. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mol Ecol Res Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mahon, Andrew R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Aquat Conservat, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Darling, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mol Ecol Res Branch, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM darling.john@epa.gov FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Great Lakes Protection Fund FX ARM acknowledges the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and The Great Lakes Protection Fund for partially funding research referenced in this article. These funding sources had no direct role in the conception or writing of the article, or in the decision to submit it for publication. NR 84 TC 88 Z9 93 U1 12 U2 137 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 111 IS 7 SI SI BP 978 EP 988 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.001 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 830LY UT WOS:000295659700012 PM 21353670 ER PT J AU Stanek, LW Sacks, JD Dutton, SJ Dubois, JJB AF Stanek, Lindsay Wichers Sacks, Jason D. Dutton, Steven J. Dubois, Jean-Jacques B. TI Attributing health effects to apportioned components and sources of particulate matter: An evaluation of collective results SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Particulate matter; Health effect; Source apportionment; Particle pollution; Epidemiology; Toxicology ID PM SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; AMBIENT AIR PARTICLES; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; DAILY MORTALITY; FINE PARTICLES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; FLY-ASH; POLLUTION; ASSOCIATIONS; US AB It has been hypothesized that the composition of particulate matter (PM) may be a better predictor of health effects than PM mass alone. The regional differences in PM composition and the heterogeneity in PM risk estimates in large multi-city epidemiologic studies are consistent with this hypothesis. Since 2005, efforts have been made to relate apportioned components and sources of PM with human health outcomes in epidemiology, controlled human exposure and toxicology studies. We reviewed published studies that: 1) focused on short-term exposure to PM; 2) included at least five components of PM; 3) grouped them into factors or sources; and 4) used quantitative methods to examine the relationship between the factors or sources and health effects. We then examined whether specific groups of PM components or sources of PM are consistently linked to specific health effects across studies. Collectively, these studies suggest that cardiovascular effects may be associated with PM(2.5) from crustal or combustion sources, including traffic, but at this time, no consistent relationships have emerged. Fewer studies evaluated respiratory health effects, and the evidence for associations was limited. Apportionment methods have linked a variety of health effects to multiple groups of PM components and sources of PM, but the collective evidence has not yet isolated factors or sources that would be closely and unequivocally related to specific health outcomes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stanek, Lindsay Wichers; Sacks, Jason D.; Dutton, Steven J.; Dubois, Jean-Jacques B.] US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stanek, LW (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, MD B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Stanek.Lindsay@epa.gov; Sacks.Jason@epa.gov; Dutton.Steven@epa.gov; Dubois.Jean-Jacques@epa.gov NR 50 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 9 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 45 IS 32 BP 5655 EP 5663 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.023 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 829TN UT WOS:000295607300001 ER PT J AU Carr, E Lee, M Marin, K Holder, C Hoyer, M Pedde, M Cook, R Touma, J AF Carr, Edward Lee, Mark Marin, Kristen Holder, Christopher Hoyer, Marion Pedde, Meredith Cook, Rich Touma, Jawad TI Development and evaluation of an air quality modeling approach to assess near-field impacts of lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft operating on leaded aviation gasoline SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Lead; Piston-engine aircraft; Modeling; Monitoring; General aviation airports ID INDUSTRIAL SOURCE APPLICATIONS; INTERNATIONAL-AIRPORT; DISPERSION MODEL; AERMOD; PROXIMITY; ROADWAYS AB Since aviation gasoline is now the largest remaining source of lead (Pb) emissions to the air in the United States, there is increased interest by regulatory agencies and the public in assessing the impacts on residents living in close proximity to these sources. An air quality modeling approach using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) was developed and evaluated for estimating atmospheric concentrations of Pb at and near general aviation airports where leaded aviation gasoline (avgas) is used. These detailed procedures were made to accurately characterize emissions and dispersion leading to improved model performance for a pollutant with concentrations that vary rapidly across short distances. The new aspects of this work included a comprehensive Pb emission inventory that incorporated sub-daily time-in-mode (TIM) activity data for piston-engine aircraft, aircraft-induced wake turbulence, plume rise of the aircraft exhaust, and allocation of approach and climb-out emissions to 50-m increments in altitude. To evaluate the modeling approach used here, ambient Pb concentrations were measured upwind and downwind of the Santa Monica Airport (SMO) and compared to modeled air concentrations. Modeling results paired in both time and space with monitoring data showed excellent overall agreement (absolute fractional bias of 0.29 winter, 0.07 summer). The modeling results on individual days show Pb concentration gradients above the urban background concentration of 10 ng m(-3) extending downwind up to 900 m from the airport, with a crosswind extent of 400 m. Three-month average modeled concentrations above the background were found to extend to a maximum distance of approximately 450 m beyond the airport property in summer and fall. Modeling results show aircraft engine "run-up" is the most important source contribution to the maximum Pb concentration. Sensitivity analysis shows that engine run-up time, Pb concentration in avgas, and the fraction of piston-engine aircraft that are twin-engine are the most important parameters in determining near-field Pb concentrations. Year-long air quality modeling for 2008 and sensitivity analysis for the maximum 3-month average concentration period suggest the potential for 3-month average Pb concentrations that exceed the current National Ambient Air Quality Standard for Lead (0.15 mu g m(-3)). The modeling methodology used in this analysis is generally transferable to other general aviation single runway airports in coastal environments of which there are over 1700 in the United States. This modeling approach can also be used to evaluate the air quality improvements from various emission reduction measures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carr, Edward; Lee, Mark; Marin, Kristen; Holder, Christopher] ICF Int, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Hoyer, Marion; Pedde, Meredith; Cook, Rich] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Touma, Jawad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Carr, E (reprint author), ICF Int, Suite 480,2222 E Hwy 54, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM ecarr@icfi.com FU EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality [EP-C-06-094] FX We acknowledge support for this study by EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality, under Contract No. EP-C-06-094, and technical support and guidance provided by Roger Brode and James Thurman of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards who provided advice on modeling methodology and for the processing of the on-site 2-min wind data. We express our thanks to T&B Systems' Don Lehrman, Robert Baxter, Patrick Bush, and Dave Yoho, who provided detailed air monitoring, and to Chester LabNet for their careful handling and analysis of filter samples; Dr. Keith Mew, of California State University, Los Angeles, for his team of graduate students who collected valuable time-in-mode piston-engine aircraft activity data; and to the many homeowners in the neighborhood surrounding SMO who graciously volunteered their time and homes for the collection of air, soil, and dust samples. Other groups providing assistance included the Santa Monica Airport personnel, Robert Trimborn, Dr. Rod Merl, and Stelios Makrides, who provided logistical support and airport access for the air monitoring study; Dr. Phil Fine (SCAQMD), who provided air monitoring equipment for a portion of the study and shared unpublished air monitoring results; SCAQMD's Sumner Wilson, who helped with the air monitoring logistics and monitor set-ups, and Tom Chico who provided the District's Pb emission inventory data; and finally, EPA's Region 9 (Matt Lakin, Arnold Den, Andre Villasenor, and Mike Bandrowski), who provided extensive assistance with monitoring and communication of the study results at public meetings. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 45 IS 32 BP 5795 EP 5804 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.017 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 829TN UT WOS:000295607300017 ER PT J AU Dingus, CA Teuschler, LK Rice, GE Simmons, JE Narotsky, MG AF Dingus, Cheryl A. Teuschler, Linda K. Rice, Glenn E. Simmons, Jane Ellen Narotsky, Michael G. TI Prospective Power Calculations for the Four Lab Study of A Multigenerational Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Rodent Bioassay Using A Complex Mixture of Disinfection By-Products in the Low-Response Region SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE power calculations; experimental design; drinking water; disinfection by-products (DBP); chemical mixtures; low response; low dose; Four Lab Study ID ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; MUNICIPAL DRINKING-WATER; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CHLORINATION; OZONATION/POSTCHLORINATION; TRIHALOMETHANES; STILLBIRTH; TOXICOLOGY AB In complex mixture toxicology, there is growing emphasis on testing environmentally representative doses that improve the relevance of results for health risk assessment, but are typically much lower than those used in traditional toxicology studies. Traditional experimental designs with typical sample sizes may have insufficient statistical power to detect effects caused by environmentally relevant doses. Proper study design, with adequate statistical power, is critical to ensuring that experimental results are useful for environmental health risk assessment. Studies with environmentally realistic complex mixtures have practical constraints on sample concentration factor and sample volume as well as the number of animals that can be accommodated. This article describes methodology for calculation of statistical power for non-independent observations for a multigenerational rodent reproductive/developmental bioassay. The use of the methodology is illustrated using the U.S. EPA's Four Lab study in which rodents were exposed to chlorinated water concentrates containing complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection by-products. Possible experimental designs included two single-block designs and a two-block design. Considering the possible study designs and constraints, a design of two blocks of 100 females with a 40:60 ratio of control: treated animals and a significance level of 0.05 yielded maximum prospective power (similar to 90%) to detect pup weight decreases, while providing the most power to detect increased prenatal loss. C1 [Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, NCEA, ORD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Dingus, Cheryl A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Simmons, Jane Ellen; Narotsky, Michael G.] US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rice, GE (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA, ORD, 26 W ML King Dr,MS 190, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM DingusC@battelle.org; Teuschler.linda@epa.gov; Rice.glenn@epa.gov; Simmons.jane@epa.gov; Narotsky.michael@epa.gov FU Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA [EP-C-05-030] FX The authors acknowledge the thoughtful reviews of Laura Aume and Woodrow Setzer, David Svendsgaard, and Glenn Suter. The authors also acknowledge the initial research on this experimental design issue by Chris Gennings under Cooperative Agreement No. CR827208-01-1 with Virginia Commonwealth University. This research was conducted under Contract No. EP-C-05-030 with Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD OCT PY 2011 VL 8 IS 10 BP 4082 EP 4101 DI 10.3390/ijerph8104082 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 842GG UT WOS:000296582200016 PM 22073030 ER PT J AU White, SS Fenton, SE Hines, EP AF White, Sally S. Fenton, Suzanne E. Hines, Erin P. TI Endocrine disrupting properties of perfluorooctanoic acid SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PFOA; Mammary gland; PPAR; Exposure; Developmental effects ID MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT; HUMAN BREAST-MILK; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR; POLYFLUOROALKYL CHEMICALS; SULFONATE PFOS; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; PRENATAL EXPOSURE AB Perfluoroallcyl acids (PFAAs) have attracted attention in recent years for their environmental ubiquity, as well as their toxicity. Several PFAAs are found in human tissues globally, as humans are exposed on a daily basis through intake of contaminated food, water, and air, irrespective of proximity to industry. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a PFAA shown to be developmentally toxic in mice, with broad and varied health consequences that may include long-lasting effects in reproductive tissues and metabolic reprogramming. To date, the only demonstrated mode of action by which the health effects of PFOA are mediated is via the activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). The endogenous roles for this receptor, as well as the adverse outcomes of activation by exogenous agents during development, are currently under investigation. Recent studies suggest that PFOA may alter steroid hormone production or act indirectly, via ovarian effects, as a novel means of endocrine disruption. Here we review the existing literature on the known health effects of PFOA in animal models, focusing on sensitive developmental periods. To complement this, we also present epidemiologic health data, with the caveat that these studies largely address only associations between adult exposures and outcomes, rarely focusing on endocrine-specific endpoints, susceptible subpopulations, or windows of sensitivity. Further research in these areas is needed. Published by Elsevier C1 [White, Sally S.; Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hines, Erin P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fenton, SE (reprint author), NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, POB 12233,Bldg 101,MD E1-08, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM fentonse@niehs.nih.gov OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES102785-01, ZIA ES102785-02] NR 99 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 6 U2 76 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 16 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.03.011 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 841WV UT WOS:000296546800004 PM 21397692 ER PT J AU Moore, RB Johnston, CM Smith, RA Milstead, B AF Moore, Richard B. Johnston, Craig M. Smith, Richard A. Milstead, Bryan TI SOURCE AND DELIVERY OF NUTRIENTS TO RECEIVING WATERS IN THE NORTHEASTERN AND MID-ATLANTIC REGIONS OF THE UNITED STATES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE nutrients; transport and fate; stochastic models; nitrogen; phosphorus; SPARROW ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; NITROGEN DELIVERY; RIVER-BASIN; USA; DENITRIFICATION; EUTROPHICATION; SPARROW; MODEL AB This study investigates nutrient sources and transport to receiving waters, in order to provide spatially detailed information to aid water-resources managers concerned with eutrophication and nutrient management strategies. SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) nutrient models were developed for the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic (NE US) regions of the United States to represent source conditions for the year 2002. The model developed to examine the source and delivery of nitrogen to the estuaries of nine large rivers along the NE US Seaboard indicated that agricultural sources contribute the largest percentage (37%) of the total nitrogen load delivered to the estuaries. Point sources account for 28% while atmospheric deposition accounts for 20%. A second SPARROW model was used to examine the sources and delivery of phosphorus to lakes and reservoirs throughout the NE US. The greatest attenuation of phosphorus occurred in lakes that were large relative to the size of their watershed. Model results show that, within the NE US, aquatic decay of nutrients is quite limited on an annual basis and that we especially cannot rely on natural attenuation to remove nutrients within the larger rivers nor within lakes with large watersheds relative to the size of the lake. C1 [Milstead, Bryan] US Geol Survey, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. [Milstead, Bryan] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Milstead, Bryan] US EPA, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM rmoore@usgs.gov NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 47 IS 5 BP 965 EP 990 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x PG 26 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 836WF UT WOS:000296147200006 PM 22457578 ER PT J AU Li, ZK Lee, K King, T Niu, HB Boufadel, MC Venosa, AD AF Li, Zhengkai Lee, Kenneth King, Thomas Niu, Haibo Boufadel, Michel C. Venosa, Albert D. TI Application of entropy analysis of in situ droplet-size spectra in evaluation of oil chemical dispersion efficacy SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Oil spill; Dispersant efficacy; Entropy analysis; Oil droplet-size spectra ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; WAVE TANK; DISTRIBUTIONS; TURBULENCE; SEA AB In situ droplet-size distributions were measured using a laser in situ scattering and transmissiometry (LISST-100X) particle size analyzer during the evaluation of natural and chemical dispersion efficiency of crude oils under different wave and current conditions. An entropy grouping of the in situ dispersed oil droplet-size spectra has classified the multi-modal droplet-size distributions into different groups based on similar droplet-size spectra characteristics within groups and distinction between groups. A generalized linear logistic regression model was fitted to analyze the effects of a number of factors and their interactions on the grouping of oil droplet-size spectra. The grouped results corresponded to the oil dispersion efficiency at different levels. This new method for droplet-size distribution data analysis can have significant implication in field evaluation of natural and chemical dispersion efficiency of oil. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Zhengkai; Lee, Kenneth; King, Thomas; Niu, Haibo] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, COOGER, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. [Boufadel, Michel C.] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Li, ZK (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, COOGER, 1 Challenger Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. EM Zhengkai.Li@dfo-mpo.gc.ca RI Niu, Haibo/A-1938-2010 FU Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD); NOAA/UNH Coastal Response Research Center FX This research was funded by the Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD) and NOAA/UNH Coastal Response Research Center. The authors wish to thank John Newguard (Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada) for assistance in using MATLAB for entropy analysis. The findings and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the funding agencies. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 62 IS 10 BP 2129 EP 2136 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.07.012 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 834IX UT WOS:000295954100025 PM 21840022 ER PT J AU Magby, JP Neal, AP Atchison, WD Pessah, IP Shafer, TJ AF Magby, Jason P. Neal, April P. Atchison, William D. Pessah, Isaac P. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Channelopathies: Summary of the hot topic keynotes session SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Session summary; Channelopathy; Ion channels; Pyrehtroids; Deltamethrin; PCB; Ryanodine receptor ID DEVELOPING NEURONS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; NEUROTOXICITY; MECHANISMS AB The "Hot Topic Keynotes: Channelopathies" session of the 26th International Neurotoxicology Conference brought together toxicologists studying interactions of environmental toxicants with ion channels, to review the state of the science of channelopathies and to discuss the potential for interactions between environmental exposures and channelopathies. This session presented an overview of chemicals altering ion channel function and background about different channelopathy models. It then explored the available evidence that individuals with channelopathies may or may not be more sensitive to effects of chemicals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Magby, Jason P.] Rutgers State Univ, Joint Grad Program Toxicol, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Magby, Jason P.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Neal, April P.; Atchison, William D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pessah, Isaac P.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Magby, JP (reprint author), EOHSI 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM magby@eohsi.rutgers.edu OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU NIEHS [1R01 ES014901, 5R01 ES015171, 5P42 ES04699]; UC Davis Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention [1PO1 ES011269]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R829388, R833292]; J.B. Johnson Foundation FX NIEHS 1R01 ES014901, 5R01 ES015171, Superfund Research Program 5P42 ES04699, and the UC Davis Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention 1PO1 ES011269, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Program (Grants R829388 and R833292). Additional support came from the J.B. Johnson Foundation. Bristol Myers Squibb Graduate Student Fellowship (J. Magby). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD OCT PY 2011 VL 32 IS 5 SI SI BP 661 EP 665 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.06.002 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 843KX UT WOS:000296671800020 PM 21756936 ER PT J AU Corsini, E Oukka, M Pieters, R Kerkvliet, NI Ponce, R Germolec, DR AF Corsini, Emanuela Oukka, Mohamed Pieters, Raymond Kerkvliet, Nancy I. Ponce, Rafael Germolec, Dori R. TI Alterations in regulatory T-cells: Rediscovered pathways in immunotoxicology SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Regulatory T-cells; immunosuppression; allergy; autoimmunity ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; MERCURY-INDUCED AUTOIMMUNITY; BROWN-NORWAY RATS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DENDRITIC CELLS; D-PENICILLAMINE; ORAL TOLERANCE; CUTTING EDGE; TGF-BETA; IN-VIVO AB In addition to the effector T-cells subsets, T-cells can also differentiate into cells that play a suppressive or regulatory role in adaptive immune responses. The cell types currently identified as regulatory T-cells (T-regs) include natural or thymic-derived T-regs, T-cells which express Foxp3(+)CD25(+)CD4(+) and can suppress immune responses to autoreactive T-cells, as well as inducible T-regs, that are generated from naive T-cells in the periphery after interaction with antigens presented by dendritic cells. Inducible T-regs include T(H)3 cells, T(r)1 cells, and Foxp3(+)-inducible T-regs. T-regs have been shown to be critical in the maintenance of immune responses and T-cell homeostasis. These cells play an important role in suppressing responses to self-antigens and in controlling inappropriate responses to non-self-antigens, such as commensal bacteria or food in the gut. For example, depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regs from mice resulted in the development of multi-organ autoimmune diseases. CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regs and/or IL-10-producing T(r)1 cells are capable of suppressing or attenuating T(H)2 responses to allergens. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regs from healthy to diseased animals resulted in the prevention or cure of certain autoimmune diseases, and was able to induce transplantation tolerance. Clinical improvement seen after allergen immunotherapy for allergic diseases such as rhinitis and asthma is associated with the induction of IL-10- and TGF beta-producing T(r)1 cells as well as FoxP3-expressing IL-10 T-cells, with resulting suppression of the T(H)2 cytokine milieu. Activation, expansion, or suppression of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regs in vivo by xenobiotics, including drugs, may therefore represent a relevant mechanism underlying immunotoxicity, including immunosuppression, allergic asthma, and autoimmune diseases. C1 [Corsini, Emanuela] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Toxicol Lab, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Oukka, Mohamed] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Neurol Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Pieters, Raymond] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Pieters, Raymond] Utrecht Univ Appl Sci, Res Ctr Technol & Innovat, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kerkvliet, Nancy I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ponce, Rafael] Amgen Inc, Seattle, WA USA. [Germolec, Dori R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Corsini, E (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Toxicol Lab, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM emanuela.corsini@unimi.it FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999] NR 67 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 251 EP 257 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2011.598885 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 840SI UT WOS:000296461200001 PM 21848365 ER PT J AU Guo, TL Germolec, DR Collins, BJ Luebke, RW Auttachoat, W Smith, MJ White, KL AF Guo, Tai L. Germolec, Dori R. Collins, Bradley J. Luebke, Robert W. Auttachoat, Wimolnut Smith, Matthew J. White, Kimber L., Jr. TI Immunotoxicological profile of chloramine in female B6C3F1 mice when administered in the drinking water for 28 days SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chloramine; monochloramine; immunotoxicity; drinking water disinfection ID CHEMICAL-INDUCED IMMUNOTOXICITY; SWIMMING POOLS; EXPOSURE; MONOCHLORAMINE; DISINFECTANT; PREVALENCE; RAT AB Monochloramine has been used to provide a disinfecting residual in water distribution systems where it is difficult to maintain an adequate free-chlorine residual or where disinfection by-product formation is of concern. The goal of this study was to characterize the immunotoxic effects of chloramine in female B6C3F1 mice when administered via the drinking water. Mice were exposed to chloramine-containing deionized tap water at 2, 10, 20, 100, or 200 ppm for 28 days. No statistically significant differences in drinking water consumption, body weight, body weight gain, organ weights, or hematological parameters between the exposed and control animals were noted during the experimental period. There were no changes in the percentages and numbers of total B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages in the spleen. Exposure to chloramine did not affect the IgM antibody-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) or anti-SRBC IgM antibody production. Minimal effects, judged to be biologically insignificant, were observed in the mixed-leukocyte response and NK activity. In conclusion, chloramine produced no toxicological and immunotoxic effects in female B6C3F1 mice when administered for 28 days in the drinking water at concentrations ranging from 2-200 ppm. C1 [Guo, Tai L.; Auttachoat, Wimolnut; Smith, Matthew J.; White, Kimber L., Jr.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Germolec, Dori R.; Collins, Bradley J.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Luebke, Robert W.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP White, KL (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, POB 980613, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM klwhite@vcu.edu FU EPA [DW75937992]; Division of Intramural Research at the NIEHS [ES55538]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES55538] FX This work was supported in part by EPA Interagency Agreement DW75937992 and the Division of Intramural Research at the NIEHS through Contract ES55538. The authors thank D. L. Musgrove and R. D. Brown for their technical assistance, and Dr Michelle Hooth and Dr Marsha Ward for their comments and review of the manuscript.; Dr Kimber L. White, Jr. is the owner of a company, ImmunoTox (R), Inc., that conducts immunotoxicological studies under Good Laboratory Practices (GLP). This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES55538]. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), however, the statements, opinions, or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions, or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH, or the US government. This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 381 EP 388 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2011.622317 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 840SI UT WOS:000296461200015 PM 22017662 ER PT J AU Zia, MH Codling, EE Scheckel, KG Chaney, RL AF Zia, Munir Hussain Codling, Eton E. Scheckel, Kirk G. Chaney, Rufus L. TI In vitro and in vivo approaches for the measurement of oral bioavailability of lead (Pb) in contaminated soils: A review SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Review DE Risk assessment; Urban; Bioaccessibility; Soil; Metals ID BONE MEAL AMENDMENTS; RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; URBAN SOILS; BLOOD LEAD; SITU STABILIZATION; DIGESTION MODELS; LEACHING COLUMN; MANGANESE OXIDE; PH CONDITIONS AB We reviewed the published evidence of lead (Pb) contamination of urban soils, soil Pb risk to children through hand-to-mouth activity, reduction of soil Pb bioavailability due to soil amendments, and methods to assess bioaccessibility which correlate with bioavailability of soil Pb. Feeding tests have shown that urban soils may have much lower Pb bioavailability than previously assumed. Hence bioavailability of soil Pb is the important measure for protection of public health, not total soil Pb. Chemical extraction tests (Pb bioaccessibility) have been developed which are well correlated with the results of bioavailability tests; application of these tests can save money and time compared with feeding tests. Recent findings have revealed that fractional bioaccessibility (bioaccessible compared to total) of Pb in urban soils is only 5-10% of total soil Pb, far lower than the 60% as bioavailable as food-Pb presumed by U.S.-EPA (30% absolute bioavailability used in IEUBK model). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zia, Munir Hussain] Fauji Fertilizer Co Ltd, Tech Serv Dept, Lahore, Pakistan. [Zia, Munir Hussain; Codling, Eton E.; Chaney, Rufus L.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Zia, MH (reprint author), Fauji Fertilizer Co Ltd, Tech Serv Dept, Lahore, Pakistan. EM MunirZia@gmail.com RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 NR 125 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 16 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 159 IS 10 BP 2320 EP 2327 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.043 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 828HW UT WOS:000295493100013 PM 21616569 ER PT J AU Lewis, M Pryor, R Wilking, L AF Lewis, Michael Pryor, Rachel Wilking, Lynn TI Fate and effects of anthropogenic chemicals in mangrove ecosystems: A review SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Review DE Review; Mangroves; Contaminants; Toxicity; Fate ID MARINA FORSK. VIERH; HEAVY-METAL POLLUTION; OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-RHIZOPHORAE; GALETA OIL-SPILL; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES; SEEDLINGS KANDELIA-CANDEL; JIULONG RIVER ESTUARY; MANGLE L SEEDLINGS; GULF-OF-MEXICO AB The scientific literature for fate and effects of non-nutrient contaminant concentrations is skewed for reports describing sediment contamination and bioaccumulation for trace metals. Concentrations for at least 22 trace metals have been reported in mangrove sediments. Some concentrations exceed sediment quality guidelines suggesting adverse effects. Bioaccumulation results are available for at least 11 trace metals, 12 mangrove tissues, 33 mangrove species and 53 species of mangrove-habitat biota. Results are specific to species, tissues, life stage, and season and accumulated concentrations and bioconcentration factors are usually low. Toxicity tests have been conducted with 12 mangrove species and 8 species of mangrove-related fauna. As many as 39 effect parameters, most sublethal, have been monitored during the usual 3 to 6 month test durations. Generalizations and extrapolations for toxicity between species and chemicals are restricted by data scarcity and lack of experimental consistency. This hinders chemical risk assessments and validation of effects-based criteria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lewis, Michael; Pryor, Rachel; Wilking, Lynn] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Lewis, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lewis.michael@epa.gov NR 247 TC 62 Z9 69 U1 13 U2 132 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 159 IS 10 BP 2328 EP 2346 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.027 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 828HW UT WOS:000295493100014 PM 21601968 ER PT J AU Pinder, RW Appel, KW Dennis, RL AF Pinder, Robert W. Appel, K. Wyat Dennis, Robin L. TI Trends in atmospheric reactive nitrogen for the Eastern United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Reactive nitrogen; Trends; Atmospheric modeling ID NITRATE; MODEL; DEPOSITION; EMISSIONS; SULFATE; AMMONIA; AIR AB Reactive nitrogen can travel far from emission sources and impact sensitive ecosystems. From 2002 to 2006, policy actions have led to decreases in NO(x) emissions from power plants and motor vehicles. In this study, atmospheric chemical transport modeling demonstrates that these emissions reductions have led to a downward trend in ambient measurements of transported reactive nitrogen, especially atmospheric concentrations and wet deposition of nitrate. The trend in reduced nitrogen, namely ammonium, is ambiguous. As reduced nitrogen becomes a larger fraction of the reactive nitrogen budget, wide-spread NH(3) measurements and improved NH(3) emissions assessments are a critical need. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pinder, Robert W.; Appel, K. Wyat; Dennis, Robin L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pinder, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pinder.rob@epa.gov RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011 OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 159 IS 10 BP 3138 EP 3141 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.042 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 828HW UT WOS:000295493100120 PM 21596465 ER PT J AU Herwehe, JA Otte, TL Mathur, R Rao, ST AF Herwehe, Jerold A. Otte, Tanya L. Mathur, Rohit Rao, S. Trivikrama TI Diagnostic analysis of ozone concentrations simulated by two regional-scale air quality models SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CMAQ; WRF/Chem; Ozone; Air quality model; Model evaluation; Model intercomparison ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART I; ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; WRF MODEL; SYSTEM; SURFACE; CHEMISTRY; AEROSOL; PARAMETERIZATION; METEOROLOGY AB Since the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ) and the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model (WRF/Chem) use different approaches to simulate the interaction of meteorology and chemistry, this study compares the CMAQ and WRF/Chem air quality simulation results for a month-long retrospective study period (August 2006) over the eastern United States, including comparisons with data from several observation networks. To help improve the comparability of the two models, the 2005 Carbon Bond chemical mechanism (CB05) was implemented into WRF/Chem. In addition, the same emissions, initial and boundary conditions have been used in both models to inter-compare simulated ozone (O(3)) from the WRF-driven CMAQ and WRF/Chem models. Results reveal that ground-level O(3) from both models is biased high, especially in the central South and Ohio River Valley; however, WRF/Chem predicts roughly 10% more O(3) aloft (1000-2500 m AGL) than CMAQ. Different model configurations due to the choice of land surface model (LSM), planetary boundary layer (PBL) physics scheme, and convective cloud parameterization contributed to the differences seen in simulated O(3), but most important were the different treatments of the radiative effects of clouds by their respective photolysis schemes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Herwehe, Jerold A.; Otte, Tanya L.; Mathur, Rohit; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Herwehe, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM herwehe.jerry@epa.gov OI Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 NR 38 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 45 IS 33 BP 5957 EP 5969 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.011 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 831UT UT WOS:000295757300001 ER PT J AU Horton, BJ Luben, TJ Herring, AH Savitz, DA Singer, PC Weinberg, HS Hartmann, KE AF Horton, Bethany Jablonski Luben, Thomas J. Herring, Amy H. Savitz, David A. Singer, Philip C. Weinberg, Howard S. Hartmann, Katherine E. TI The Effect of Water Disinfection By-products on Pregnancy Outcomes in Two Southeastern US Communities SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; FETAL-GROWTH; BIRTH OUTCOMES; TRIHALOMETHANE EXPOSURE; GESTATIONAL-AGE; UNITED-STATES; DURATION; SUPPLIES; WEIGHT; CHLORINATION AB Objective: To determine if exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) during gestation increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes, specifically term small for gestational age (SGA) birth, preterm birth (PTB), and very PTB (<32 weeks' gestation). Methods: We used weekly measurements total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), five haloacetic acids (HAA5), and total organic halides (TOX) collected from two distribution systems to evaluate the associations between DBP concentrations and term SGA, PTB, and very PTB using logistic regression. Results: We found no associations between DBPs and term-SGA. In the site with higher concentrations of bromine-containing DBPs, we found an association between TOX and PTB; this association was larger, though less precise, for very PTB. Conclusions: Our results do not support an association between TTHMs or HAA5 and the birth outcomes investigated, but an association was found between increased TOX and PTB. C1 [Horton, Bethany Jablonski; Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Singer, Philip C.; Weinberg, Howard S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessments, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Savitz, David A.] Brown Univ, Dept Community Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Savitz, David A.] Brown Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Hartmann, Katherine E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nashville, TN USA. RP Horton, BJ (reprint author), 3101 McGavran Greenberg Hall,CB 7420, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM bethjab@email.unc.edu FU AWWA Research Foundation (AwwaRF) [2579]; US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [CR825625-01, CR827268-01, CR828216-01]; Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (CEHS) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [P30E510126]; US EPA [RD-83184301-0]; NIH/NIEHS; T32ES007018 FX This study was funded jointly by the AWWA Research Foundation (AwwaRF: Project 2579) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under Cooperative Agreement Nos. CR825625-01, CR827268-01, and CR828216-01, the Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (CEHS) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (P30E510126), US EPA STAR award RD-83184301-0, and NIH/NIEHS T32ES007018. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 53 IS 10 BP 1172 EP 1178 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31822b8334 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 831NE UT WOS:000295737400012 PM 21915074 ER PT J AU Shafer, DJ Kaldy, JE Sherman, TD Marko, KM AF Shafer, Deborah J. Kaldy, James E. Sherman, Timothy D. Marko, Katharine M. TI Effects of salinity on photosynthesis and respiration of the seagrass Zostera japonica: A comparison of two established populations in North America SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Zostera japonica; Introduced species; Non-native species; Photosynthesis; Salinity ID HALOPHILA-OVALIS; NOLTII HORNEM; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; INTRODUCED SEAGRASS; HALODULE-WRIGHTII; RESPONSE CURVES; WILLAPA BAY; IN-SITU; MARINA; GROWTH AB Photosynthetic responses were quantified for two Zostera japonica Aschers. and Graebn. populations from the northern and southern limits of distribution exposed to a range of salinities along the Pacific Coast of North America. Plants were collected from Padilla Bay, Washington (northern) and Coos Bay, Oregon, USA (southern) and cultured together in experimental tanks at 3 salinities (5, 20 and 35) under saturating irradiance for 3 weeks. Subsequently, photosynthesis-irradiance (P vs. E curves) relationships for leaf segments from the two populations were assessed using an oxygen electrode system. We found no evidence for diet rhythms in either light saturated photosynthesis (Pm) or dark respiration (R(d)). For the Padilla Bay population, P(max) ranged from 192 to 390 mu mol O(2) g DW(-1) h(-1); for the Coos Bay population P(max) ranged from 226 to 774 mu mol O(2) g DW(-1) h(-1). Photosynthetic maxima of the Coos Bay plants occurred at a salinity of 20, whereas salinity had no effect on the photosynthetic maxima of the Padilla Bay plants. There were significant differences in leaf tissue R(d) among salinity treatments but the two populations responded similarly to salinity. North American populations of Z.japonica are best adapted to intermediate salinities, displaying minimum R(d) rates, lower compensation irradiance, higher saturation irradiance, and greater Pmax rates at a salinity of 20. Additionally, the southern population may be better adapted to southward expansion along the Pacific Coast and changes associated with global climate change. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kaldy, James E.; Marko, Katharine M.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Shafer, Deborah J.] USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Sherman, Timothy D.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Biol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Kaldy, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM kaldy.jim@epa.gov NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 95 IS 3 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.003 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 831VL UT WOS:000295759100007 ER PT J AU Kan, JJ Wang, YB Obraztsova, A Rosen, G Leather, J Scheckel, KG Nealson, KH Arias-Thode, YM AF Kan, Jinjun Wang, Yanbing Obraztsova, Anna Rosen, Gunther Leather, James Scheckel, Kirk G. Nealson, Kenneth H. Arias-Thode, Y. Meriah TI Marine microbial community response to inorganic and organic sediment amendments in laboratory mesocosms SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Bacterial community; Amendments; Marine sediments; Mesocosms ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; ELECTRON-ACCEPTORS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ACTIVATED CARBON; REDUCTION; SOILS AB Sediment amendments provide promising strategies of enhancing sequestration of heavy metals and degradation of organic contaminants. The impacts of sediment amendments for metal and organic remediation including apatite, organoclay (and apatite and organoclay in geotextile mats), acetate, and chitin on environmental microbial communities in overlying water and sediment profiles are reported here. These experiments were performed concurrent with an ecotoxicity evaluation (data submitted in companion paper) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of zinc speciation post apatite amendments. X-ray absorption spectra showed that a modest modification of zinc speciation occurred in amended treatments. Significant changes in both bacterial cell densities and populations were observed in response to amendments of apatite+organoclay, chitin, and acetate. The enriched bacteria and breakdown of these amendments were likely attributed to water quality degradation (e.g. ammonia and dissolved oxygen). Molecular fingerprints of bacterial communities by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that distinct bacterial populations occurred in overlying waters from different amendments: apatite+organoclay led to the dominance of Gammaproteobacteria, acetate enriched Alphaproteobacteria, and chitin treatment led to a dominance of Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria. In amended sediments, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Deltaproteobacteria (Desulfovibrio) were commonly found with chitin and apatite+chitin treatments. Finally, sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g. Desulfovibrio) and metal-reducing bacteria were also recovered with most probable number (MPN) analyses in treatments with acetate, chitin, and apatite+chitin. These geochemically important bacteria were stimulated by amendments and may play critical functional roles in the metal and organic contaminant remediation process for future investigations of contaminated sediments. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rosen, Gunther; Leather, James; Arias-Thode, Y. Meriah] SPAWAR Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Kan, Jinjun; Wang, Yanbing; Obraztsova, Anna; Nealson, Kenneth H.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Arias-Thode, YM (reprint author), SPAWAR Syst Ctr Pacific, 53560 Hull St,Code 7175, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM jinjunkan@gmail.com; meriah.ariasthode@spawar.navy.mil RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [07ER-1551]; Department of Energy; MRCAT FX This work was funded by The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), award no. 07ER-1551 and has been subjected to internal review. The authors would like to thank Joel Guerrero and Jennifer Podegracz for laboratory assistance. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. A portion of this research was conducted by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. The paper has not been subjected to USEPA internal review; therefore, the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 74 IS 7 BP 1931 EP 1941 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.011 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 827OO UT WOS:000295438000017 PM 21784523 ER PT J AU Silbajoris, R Osornio-Vargas, AR Simmons, SO Reed, W Bromberg, PA Dailey, LA Samet, JM AF Silbajoris, Robert Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro R. Simmons, Steven O. Reed, William Bromberg, Philip A. Dailey, Lisa A. Samet, James M. TI Ambient Particulate Matter Induces Interleukin-8 Expression through an Alternative NF-kappa B (Nuclear Factor-Kappa B) Mechanism in Human Airway Epithelial Cells SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE human airway epithelium; interleukin-8; NF-kappa B; particulate matter; signal transduction ID IL-8 EXPRESSION; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; MEDIATED PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY; P65 PHOSPHORYLATION; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; P38 MAPK; ACTIVATION; POLLUTION; INFLAMMATION AB Background: Exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM) has been shown to increase rates of cardio-pulmonary morbidity and mortality, but the under-lying mechanisms are still not well understood. Objective: We examined signaling events involved in the expression of the inflammatory gene interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) exposed to ambient PM collected in an urban area of Mexicali, Mexico. Methods: We studied IL-8 expression and regulatory signaling pathways in cultured HAECs exposed to Mexicali PM suspended in media for 0-4 hr. Results: Exposure resulted in a dose-dependent, 2- to 8-fold increase in IL-8 mRNA expression relative to controls. PM exposure induced IL-8 transcriptional activity in BEAS-2B cells that was dependent on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) response element in the IL-8 promoter. Chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP) assays showed a 3-fold increase in binding of the p65 (RelA) NF-kappa B isoform to the IL-8 promoter sequence in HAECs exposed to PM. Western blot analy-ses showed elevated levels of phosphorylation of p65 but no changes in I kappa B alpha phosphorylation or degradation. IL-8 expression was blunted in a dose-dependent manner in BEAS-2B cells transduced with a lentivirus encoding a dominant negative p65 mutant in which phosphorylation sites were inactivated. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings show that the increase in IL-8 mRNA expression in HAECs exposed to PM(10) (PM <= 10 mu m in aero-dynamic diameter) is mediated through an NF-kappa B-dependent signaling mechanism that occurs through a pathway involving direct phosphorylation of the transcription factor p65 in the absence of I kappa B alpha degradation. These data show that exposure to PM(10) in ambient air can induce inflammatory responses by activating specific signaling mechanisms in HAECs. C1 [Silbajoris, Robert; Dailey, Lisa A.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro R.] Inst Nacl Cancerol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Reed, William; Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM samet.james@epa.gov RI Osornio Vargas, Alvaro/B-4645-2010; OI Osornio Vargas, Alvaro/0000-0001-8287-7102; Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU InterGen-LASPAU FX This study was supported by InterGen-LASPAU (Border Ozone Reduction and Air Quality Improvement Program). NR 45 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 13 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 119 IS 10 BP 1379 EP 1383 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103594 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 827CA UT WOS:000295402400020 PM 21665565 ER PT J AU Rappold, AG Stone, SL Cascio, WE Neas, LM Kilaru, VJ Carraway, MS Szykman, JJ Ising, A Cleve, WE Meredith, JT Vaughan-Batten, H Deyneka, L Devlin, RB AF Rappold, Ana G. Stone, Susan L. Cascio, Wayne E. Neas, Lucas M. Kilaru, Vasu J. Carraway, Martha Sue Szykman, James J. Ising, Amy Cleve, William E. Meredith, John T. Vaughan-Batten, Heather Deyneka, Lana Devlin, Robert B. TI Peat Bog Wildfire Smoke Exposure in Rural North Carolina Is Associated with Cardiopulmonary Emergency Department Visits Assessed through Syndromic Surveillance SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cardiopulmonary health effects; satellite data; syndromic surveillance; wildfire smoke exposure ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; FOREST-FIRES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; ROOM VISITS; URBAN AREA; QUALITY; MORTALITY AB BACKGROUND: In June 2008, burning peat deposits produced haze and air pollution far in excess of National Ambient Air Quality Standards, encroaching on rural communities of eastern North Carolina. Although the association of mortality and morbidity with exposure to urban air pollution is well established, the health effects associated with exposure to wildfire emissions are less well understood. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of exposure on cardiorespiratory outcomes in the population affected by the fire. METHODS: We performed a population-based study using emergency department (ED) visits reported through the syndromic surveillance program NC DETECT (North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool). We used aerosol optical depth measured by a satellite to determine a high-exposure window and distinguish counties most impacted by the dense smoke plume from surrounding referent counties. Poisson log-linear regression with a 5-day distributed lag was used to estimate changes in the cumulative relative risk (RR). RESULTS: In the exposed counties, significant increases in cumulative RR for asthma [1.65 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.1)], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [1.73 (1.06-2.83)], and pneumonia and acute bronchitis [1.59 (1.07-2.34)] were observed. ED visits associated with cardiopulmonary symptoms [1.23 (1.06-1.43)] and heart failure [1.37 (1.01-1.85)] were also significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: Satellite data and syndromic surveillance were combined to assess the health impacts of wildfire smoke in rural counties with sparse air-quality monitoring. This is the first study to demonstrate both respiratory and cardiac effects after brief exposure to peat wildfire smoke. C1 [Rappold, Ana G.; Stone, Susan L.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Neas, Lucas M.; Carraway, Martha Sue; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kilaru, Vasu J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Szykman, James J.] US EPA, Environm Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. [Ising, Amy] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cleve, William E.] Pitt Cty Mem Hosp, Greenville, NC USA. [Meredith, John T.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Greenville, NC USA. [Meredith, John T.] E Carolina Heart Inst, Greenville, NC USA. [Vaughan-Batten, Heather; Deyneka, Lana] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Rappold, Ana G.; Stone, Susan L.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Neas, Lucas M.; Carraway, Martha Sue; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rappold, AG (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD 58B,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rappold.ana@epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012; Xiongfei, Zhao/G-7690-2015 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This work was supported by internal funding by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 39 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 3 U2 44 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 119 IS 10 BP 1415 EP 1420 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003206 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 827CA UT WOS:000295402400026 PM 21705297 ER PT J AU Hughes, MF Beck, BD Chen, Y Lewis, AS Thomas, DJ AF Hughes, Michael F. Beck, Barbara D. Chen, Yu Lewis, Ari S. Thomas, David J. TI Arsenic Exposure and Toxicology: A Historical Perspective SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; cancer; exposure ID PREMALIGNANT SKIN-LESIONS; INDUCED MALIGNANT-TRANSFORMATION; METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS; CHILDRENS INTELLECTUAL FUNCTION; TRANSITIONAL-CELL CARCINOMA; LUNG-CANCER MORTALITY; HUMAN RISK-ASSESSMENT; DNA-STRAND BREAKS; MALE F344 RATS; DRINKING-WATER AB The metalloid arsenic is a natural environmental contaminant to which humans are routinely exposed in food, water, air, and soil. Arsenic has a long history of use as a homicidal agent, but in the past 100 years arsenic, has been used as a pesticide, a chemotherapeutic agent and a constituent of consumer products. In some areas of the world, high levels of arsenic are naturally present in drinking water and are a toxicological concern. There are several structural forms and oxidation states of arsenic because it forms alloys with metals and covalent bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and other elements. Environmentally relevant forms of arsenic are inorganic and organic existing in the trivalent or pentavalent state. Metabolism of arsenic, catalyzed by arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase, is a sequential process of reduction from pentavalency to trivalency followed by oxidative methylation back to pentavalency. Trivalent arsenic is generally more toxicologically potent than pentavalent arsenic. Acute effects of arsenic range from gastrointestinal distress to death. Depending on the dose, chronic arsenic exposure may affect several major organ systems. A major concern of ingested arsenic is cancer, primarily of skin, bladder, and lung. The mode of action of arsenic for its disease endpoints is currently under study. Two key areas are the interaction of trivalent arsenicals with sulfur in proteins and the ability of arsenic to generate oxidative stress. With advances in technology and the recent development of animal models for arsenic carcinogenicity, understanding of the toxicology of arsenic will continue to improve. C1 [Hughes, Michael F.; Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chen, Yu] NYU, Dept Environm Med, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Beck, Barbara D.; Lewis, Ari S.] Gradient Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hughes, MF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hughes.michaelf@epa.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [RO1ES017541, P30Es000260]; U.S. EPA FX National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (RO1ES017541, P30Es000260 to Y.C.); Intramural resources at U.S. EPA (to M. F. H. and D.J.T.). NR 327 TC 256 Z9 269 U1 22 U2 141 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 305 EP 332 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr184 PG 28 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 828VW UT WOS:000295532900001 PM 21750349 ER PT J AU Volz, DC Belanger, S Embry, M Padilla, S Sanderson, H Schirmer, K Scholz, S Villeneuvejjjj, D AF Volz, David C. Belanger, Scott Embry, Michelle Padilla, Stephanie Sanderson, Hans Schirmer, Kristin Scholz, Stefan Villeneuvejjjj, Daniel TI Adverse Outcome Pathways during Early Fish Development: A Conceptual Framework for Identification of Chemical Screening and Prioritization Strategies SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material DE adverse outcome pathway; high-throughput screening; zebrafish embryo; fish early life-stage test ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTORS; LIFE STAGE TOXICITY; LIVER-CELL LINE; RAINBOW-TROUT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURE; BEHAVIORAL ALTERATIONS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYO; PRIMARY CULTURES AB The fish early life-stage (FELS) test guideline (OECD 210 or OCSPP 850.1400) is the most frequently used bioassay for predicting chronic fish toxicity and supporting aquatic ecological risk assessments around the world. For each chemical, the FELS test requires a minimum of 360 fish and 1 to 3 months from test initiation to termination. Although valuable for predicting fish full life-cycle toxicity, FELS tests are labor and resource intensive and, due to an emphasis on apical endpoints, provide little to no information about chemical mode of action. Therefore, the development and implementation of alternative testing strategies for screening and prioritizing chemicals has the potential to reduce the cost and number of animals required for estimating FELS toxicity and, at the same time, provides insights into mechanisms of toxicity. Using three reference chemicals with well-established yet distinct adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) in early life stages of fish, we proposed FELS-specific AOPs as conceptual frameworks for identifying useful chemical screening and prioritization strategies. The reference chemicals selected as case studies were a cardiotoxic aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), neurotoxic acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (chlorpyrifos), and narcotic surfactant (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate). Using qualitative descriptions for each chemical during early fish development, we developed generalized AOPs and, based on these examples, proposed a three-tiered testing strategy for screening and prioritizing chemicals for FELS testing. Linked with biologically based concentration-response models, a tiered testing strategy may help reduce the reliance on long-term and costly FELS tests required for assessing the hazard of thousands of chemicals currently in commerce. C1 [Volz, David C.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Belanger, Scott] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Embry, Michelle] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sanderson, Hans] Aarhus Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Roskilde, Denmark. [Schirmer, Kristin] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Scholz, Stefan] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Villeneuvejjjj, Daniel] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. RP Volz, DC (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM volz@mailbox.sc.edu RI Scholz, Stefan/B-7776-2014; OI Scholz, Stefan/0000-0002-6990-4716; Belanger, Scott/0000-0003-0369-9673 NR 58 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 50 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 349 EP 358 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr185 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 828VW UT WOS:000295532900003 PM 21750347 ER PT J AU Clewell, HJ Thomas, RS Kenyon, EM Hughes, MF Adair, BM Gentry, PR Yager, JW AF Clewell, H. J. Thomas, R. S. Kenyon, E. M. Hughes, M. F. Adair, B. M. Gentry, P. R. Yager, J. W. TI Concentration- and Time-dependent Genomic Changes in the Mouse Urinary Bladder Following Exposure to Arsenate in Drinking Water for up to 12 Weeks SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; risk assessment; mode of action; genomics ID TRANSITIONAL-CELL CARCINOMA; NF-KAPPA-B; GENE-EXPRESSION; DOSE-RESPONSE; LUNG-CANCER; DNA-REPAIR; ARSENITE; MICE; DAMAGE; TISSUE AB Inorganic arsenic (As-i) is a known human bladder carcinogen. The objective of this study was to examine the concentration dependence of the genomic response to As-i in the urinary bladders of mice. C57BL/6J mice were exposed for 1 or 12 weeks to arsenate in drinking water at concentrations of 0.5, 2, 10, and 50 mg As/l. Urinary bladders were analyzed using gene expression microarrays. A consistent reversal was observed in the direction of gene expression change: from predominantly decreased expression at 1 week to predominantly increased expression at 12 weeks. These results are consistent with evidence from in vitro studies of an acute adaptive response that is suppressed on longer exposure due to downregulation of Fos. Pathways with the highest enrichment in gene expression changes were associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inflammation, and proliferation. Benchmark dose (BMD) analysis determined that the lowest median BMD values for pathways were above 5 mg As/l, despite the fact that pathway enrichment was observed at the 0.5 mg As/l exposure concentration. This disparity may result from the nonmonotonic nature of the concentration-responses for the expression changes of a number of genes, as evidenced by the much fewer gene expression changes at 2 mg As/l compared with lower or higher concentrations. Pathway categories with concentration-related gene expression changes included cellular morphogenesis, inflammation, apoptosis/survival, cell cycle control, and DNA damage response. The results of this study provide evidence of a concentration-dependent transition in the mode of action for the subchronic effects of As-i in mouse bladder cells in the vicinity of 2 mg As-i/l. C1 [Clewell, H. J.; Thomas, R. S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kenyon, E. M.; Hughes, M. F.; Adair, B. M.] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gentry, P. R.] Environ Int, Monroe, LA 71201 USA. [Yager, J. W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Internal Med, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Clewell, HJ (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hclewell@thehamner.org OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) [PID 059811, EP-P15532/C7711] FX Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Contract PID 059811, Agreement EP-P15532/C7711. NR 63 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 421 EP 432 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr199 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 828VW UT WOS:000295532900010 PM 21795629 ER PT J AU Xu, MY Weinberg, CR Umbach, DM Li, LP AF Xu, Mengyuan Weinberg, Clarice R. Umbach, David M. Li, Leping TI coMOTIF: a mixture framework for identifying transcription factor and a coregulator motif in ChIP-seq Data SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-BINDING SITES; EXPECTATION MAXIMIZATION; EM ALGORITHM; BAYESIAN MODELS; DISCOVERY; GIBBS; SEQUENCE; ALIGNMENT; ELEMENTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Motivation: ChIP-seq data are enriched in binding sites for the protein immunoprecipitated. Some sequences may also contain binding sites for a coregulator. Biologists are interested in knowing which coregulatory factor motifs may be present in the sequences bound by the protein ChIP'ed. Results: We present a finite mixture framework with an expectation-maximization algorithm that considers two motifs jointly and simultaneously determines which sequences contain both motifs, either one or neither of them. Tested on 10 simulated ChIP-seq datasets, our method performed better than repeated application of MEME in predicting sequences containing both motifs. When applied to a mouse liver Foxa2 ChIP-seq dataset involving similar to 12 000 400-bp sequences, coMOTIF identified co-occurrence of Foxa2 with Hnf4a, Cebpa, E-box, Ap1/Maf or Sp1 motifs in similar to 6-33% of these sequences. These motifs are either known as liver-specific transcription factors or have an important role in liver function. C1 [Xu, Mengyuan; Weinberg, Clarice R.; Umbach, David M.; Li, Leping] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Li, LP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES101765-05] FX Funding: Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES101765-05). NR 37 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 27 IS 19 BP 2625 EP 2632 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr397 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 827FC UT WOS:000295412200002 PM 21775309 ER PT J AU Lindstrom, AB Strynar, MJ Libelo, EL Field, JA AF Lindstrom, Andrew B. Strynar, Mark J. Libelo, E. Laurence Field, Jennifer A. TI Guest Comment: Perfluoroalkyl Acid Focus Issue SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lindstrom, Andrew B.; Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Libelo, E. Laurence] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Field, Jennifer A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Lindstrom, AB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lindstrom.andrew@epa.gov NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 19 BP 7951 EP 7953 DI 10.1021/es202963p PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825BJ UT WOS:000295245600001 PM 21955290 ER PT J AU Lindstrom, AB Strynar, MJ Libelo, EL AF Lindstrom, Andrew B. Strynar, Mark J. Libelo, E. Laurence TI Polyfluorinated Compounds: Past, Present, and Future SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFLUOROOCTANOATE PFOA CONCENTRATIONS; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PERFLUOROALKYL CONTAMINANTS; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; HUMAN BLOOD; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DRINKING-WATER; LIVER-ENZYMES; HUMAN SAMPLES AB Interest and concern about polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and an increasing number of other related compounds is growing as more is learned about these ubiquitous anthropogenic substances. Many of these compounds can be toxic, and they are regularly found in the blood of animals and humans worldwide. A great deal of research has been conducted in this area, but a surprising amount remains unknown about their distribution in the environment and how people ultimately become exposed. The utility of these compounds seems to ensure their continued use in one form or another for the foreseeable future, presenting a long-term challenge to scientists, industry leaders, and public health officials worldwide. C1 [Lindstrom, Andrew B.; Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Libelo, E. Laurence] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Lindstrom, AB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lindstrom.andrew@epa.gov FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Offices of Research and Development and Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Offices of Research and Development and Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention funded and managed this effort. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication but does not necessarily represent official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 85 TC 306 Z9 325 U1 55 U2 283 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 19 BP 7954 EP 7961 DI 10.1021/es2011622 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825BJ UT WOS:000295245600002 PM 21866930 ER PT J AU Yoo, H Washington, JW Jenkins, TM Ellington, JJ AF Yoo, Hoon Washington, John W. Jenkins, Thomas M. Ellington, J. Jackson TI Quantitative Determination of Perfluorochemicals and Fluorotelomer Alcohols in Plants from Biosolid-Amended Fields using LC/MS/MS and GC/MS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYFLUORINATED ALKYL SUBSTANCES; SLUDGE-APPLIED SOILS; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; ENVIRONMENTAL AIR; CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACCUMULATION; OPTIMIZATION; SURFACTANTS; PERSISTENCE AB Analytical methods for determining perfluorochemicals (PFCs) and fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) in plants using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were developed, and applied to quantify a suite of analytes in plants from biosolid-amended fields. Dichloromethane-methanol and ethylacetate were chosen as extracting solutions for PFCs and FTOHs, respectively. Nine perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), three perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs), and ten FTOHs were monitored. Most PFCAs and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) were quantifiable in plants grown in contaminated soils, whereas PFCs went undetected in plants from two background fields. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was a major homologue (similar to 10-200 ng/g dry wt), followed by perfluorodecanoic acid (similar to 3-170 ng/g). [PFOS] in plants (1-20 ng/g) generally was less than or equal to most [PFCAs]. The site-specific grass/soil accumulation factor (GSAF = [PFC](Grass)/[PFC](Soil)) was calculated to assess transfer potentials from soils. Perfluorohexanoic acid had the highest GSAF (= 3.8), but the GSAF decreased considerably with increasing PFCA chain length. Log-transformed GSAF was significantly correlated with the PFCA carbon-length (p < 0.05). Of the measured alcohols, 8:2nFTOH was the dominant species (<= 1.5 ng/g), but generally was present at >= 10x lower concentrations than PFOA. C1 [Washington, John W.; Ellington, J. Jackson] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Yoo, Hoon] CNR, Washington, DC USA. [Jenkins, Thomas M.] SSA, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Washington, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM washington.john@epa.gov FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development; USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; Region IV FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development, managed and partially funded the work described here. The USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Region IV shared in funding of this work as well. The work has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We thank Mike Neill for plant sampling, Dennis Hancock, Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, for plant identification/confirmation, and Cathy Fehrenbacher, Laurence Libelo, Jack Jones, and Eric Weber for helpful reviews. NR 34 TC 53 Z9 60 U1 15 U2 124 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 19 BP 7985 EP 7990 DI 10.1021/es102972m PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825BJ UT WOS:000295245600005 PM 21247105 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Egeghy, PP AF Lorber, Matthew Egeghy, Peter P. TI Simple Intake and Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Characterize Exposure of Americans to Perfluoroctanoic Acid, PFOA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; CONSUMER EXPOSURE; NORTH-CAROLINA; OUTDOOR AIR; WATER; CONTAMINATION; POPULATION; SULFONATE AB Models for assessing intakes of perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA, are described and applied. One model is based on exposure media concentrations and contact rates. This model is applied to general population exposures for adults and 2-year old children. The other model is a simple one-compartment, first-order pharmacokinetic (PK) model. Parameters for this model include a rate of elimination of PFOA and a blood volume of distribution. The model was applied to data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, NHANES, to backcalculate intakes. The central tendency intake estimate for adults and children based on exposure media concentrations and contact rates were 70 and 26 ng/day, respectively. The central tendency adult intake derived from NHANES data was 56 and 37 ng/day for males and females, respectively. Variability and uncertainty discussions regarding the intake modeling focus on lack of data on direct exposure to PFOA used in consumer products, precursor compounds, and food. Discussions regarding PK modeling focus on the range of blood measurements in NHANES, the appropriateness of the simple PK model, and the uncertainties associated with model parameters. Using the PK model, the 10th and 95th percentile long-term average adult intakes of PFOA are 15 and 130 ng/day. C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Egeghy, Peter P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov OI Egeghy, Peter/0000-0002-1727-0766 NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 19 BP 8006 EP 8014 DI 10.1021/es103718h PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825BJ UT WOS:000295245600008 PM 21517063 ER PT J AU Lindstrom, AB Strynar, MJ Delinsky, AD Nakayama, SF McMillan, L Libelo, EL Neill, M Thomas, L AF Lindstrom, Andrew B. Strynar, Mark J. Delinsky, Amy D. Nakayama, Shoji F. McMillan, Larry Libelo, E. Laurence Neill, Michael Thomas, Lee TI Application of WWTP Biosolids and Resulting Perfluorinated Compound Contamination of Surface and Well Water in Decatur, Alabama, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SLUDGE-APPLIED SOILS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; DRINKING-WATER; PERSISTENCE; RIVER; PFOA AB Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been produced and used in a wide range of industrial and consumer products for many decades. Their resistance to degradation has led to their widespread distribution in the environment, but little is known about how humans become exposed. Recent studies have demonstrated that the application of PFC contaminated biosolids can have important effects on local environments, ultimately leading to demonstrable human exposures. This manuscript describes a situation in Decatur, Alabama where PFC contaminated biosolids from a local municipal wastewater treatment facility that had received waste from local fluorochemical facilities were used as a soil amendment in local agricultural fields for as many as twelve years. Ten target PFCs were measured in surface and groundwater samples. Results show that surface and well water in the vicinity of these fields had elevated PFC concentrations, with 22% of the samples exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Provisional Health Advisory level for PFOA in drinking water of 400 ng/L. Water/soil concentration ratios as high as 0.34 for perfluorohexanoic acid, 0.17 for perfluoroheptanoic acid, and 0.04 for PFOA verify decreasing mobility from soils with increasing chain length while indicating that relatively high transport from soils to surface and well water is possible. C1 [Lindstrom, Andrew B.; Strynar, Mark J.; Delinsky, Amy D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McMillan, Larry] Black Aged Inc, Natl Caucus & Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Nakayama, Shoji F.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Libelo, E. Laurence] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Neill, Michael; Thomas, Lee] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg 4, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lindstrom, AB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lindstrom.andrew@epa.gov RI Nakayama, Shoji/B-9027-2008 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank the residents of the Decatur region who allowed the collection of samples from their property. We also thank all of the individuals involved in the planning and execution of this ongoing investigation. Thanks to John Washington for his very helpful comments. This work was conducted with assistance from a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with Waters Corporation (#392-06). Disclaimer: The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 26 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 9 U2 82 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 19 BP 8015 EP 8021 DI 10.1021/es1039425 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825BJ UT WOS:000295245600009 PM 21513287 ER PT J AU Lasier, PJ Washington, JW Hassan, SM Jenkins, TM AF Lasier, Peter J. Washington, John W. Hassan, Sayed M. Jenkins, Thomas M. TI PERFLUORINATED CHEMICALS IN SURFACE WATERS AND SEDIMENTS FROM NORTHWEST GEORGIA, USA, AND THEIR BIOACCUMULATION IN LUMBRICULUS VARIEGATUS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorinated chemicals; Surface water; Sediment; Lumbriculus variegatus; Bioaccumulation ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; JAPAN; RIVER; FISH; TOXICITY; PERFLUOROCHEMICALS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; OPTIMIZATION; SUBSTANCES AB Concentrations of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) were measured in surface waters and sediments from the Coosa River watershed in northwest Georgia, USA, to examine their distribution downstream of a suspected source. Samples from eight sites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Sediments were also used in 28-d exposures with the aquatic oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, to assess PFC bioaccumulation. Concentrations of PFCs in surface waters and sediments increased significantly below a land-application site (LAS) of municipal/industrial wastewater and were further elevated by unknown sources downstream. Perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with eight or fewer carbons were the most prominent in surface waters. Those with 10 or more carbons predominated sediment and tissue samples. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the major homolog in contaminated sediments and tissues. This pattern among sediment PFC concentrations was consistent among sites and reflected homolog concentrations emanating from the LAS. Concentrations of PFCs in oligochaete tissues revealed patterns similar to those observed in the respective sediments. The tendency to bioaccumulate increased with PFCA chain length and the presence of the sulfonate moiety. Biota-sediment accumulation factors indicated that short-chain PFCAs with fewer than seven carbons may be environmentally benign alternatives in aquatic ecosystems; however, sulfonates with four to seven carbons may be as likely to bioaccumulate as PFOS. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2194-2201. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Lasier, Peter J.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Washington, John W.; Jenkins, Thomas M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Hassan, Sayed M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lasier, PJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM plasier@usgs.gov OI Hassan, Sayed/0000-0003-4713-0892 FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded the present study. This manuscript has been subjected to the Agencies' administrative reviews and approved for publication. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 9 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 30 IS 10 BP 2194 EP 2201 DI 10.1002/etc.622 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 825VE UT WOS:000295309400003 PM 21766321 ER PT J AU Hemmer, MJ Barron, MG Greene, RM AF Hemmer, Michael J. Barron, Mace G. Greene, Richard M. TI COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF EIGHT OIL DISPERSANTS, LOUISIANA SWEET CRUDE OIL (LSC), AND CHEMICALLY DISPERSED LSC TO TWO AQUATIC TEST SPECIES SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Oil dispersants; Corexit 9500A; Menidia; Mysids; South Louisiana sweet crude AB The present study describes the acute toxicity of eight commercial oil dispersants, South Louisiana sweet crude oil (LSC), and chemically dispersed LSC. The approach used consistent test methodologies within a single laboratory in assessing the relative acute toxicity of the eight dispersants, including Corexit 9500A, the predominant dispersant applied during the DeepWater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Static acute toxicity tests were performed using two Gulf of Mexico estuarine test species, the mysid shrimp (Americamysis bahia) and the inland silversides (Menidia beryllina). Dispersant-only test solutions were prepared with high-energy mixing, whereas water-accommodated fractions of LSC and chemically dispersed LSC were prepared with moderate energy followed by settling and testing of the aqueous phase. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values for the dispersant-only tests were calculated using nominal concentrations, whereas tests conducted with LSC alone and dispersed LSC were based on measured total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations. For all eight dispersants in both test species, the dispersants alone were less toxic (LC50s: 2.9 to > 5,600 mu l/L) than the dispersant LSC mixtures (0.4-13 mg TPH/L). Louisiana sweet crude oil alone had generally similar toxicity to A. bahia (LC50: 2.7 mg TPH/L) and M. beryllina (LC50: 3.5 mg TPH/L) as the dispersant LSC mixtures. The results of the present study indicate that Corexit 9500A had generally similar toxicity to other available dispersants when tested alone but was generally less toxic as a mixture with LSC. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2244.2252. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Hemmer, Michael J.; Barron, Mace G.; Greene, Richard M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Hemmer, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM hemmer.michael@epa.gov RI Greene, Richard/G-9685-2013 FU Marjorie Dix of Smithers Viscient, Wareham, MA [EP-10W001502] FX The authors acknowledge the data contributions of Lee Sayers, Susan Shepherd, Alison Fournier, and Marjorie Dix of Smithers Viscient, Wareham, MA (contract EP-10W001502). We also thank our U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development colleagues John Macauley for contract management and Michael Lewis for valuable advice. The present study is contribution number 1412 from the U.S. EPA, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 17 TC 72 Z9 79 U1 8 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 30 IS 10 BP 2244 EP 2252 DI 10.1002/etc.619 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 825VE UT WOS:000295309400010 PM 21766318 ER PT J AU Miller, FJ Kimbell, JS Preston, RJ Overton, JH Gross, EA Conolly, RB AF Miller, Frederick J. Kimbell, Julia S. Preston, R. Julian Overton, John H. Gross, Elizabeth A. Conolly, Rory B. TI The fractions of respiratory tract cells at risk in formaldehyde carcinogenesis SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE respiratory tract cells; carcinogenesis; risk; formaldehyde; humans; rats ID INSPIRATORY AIR-FLOW; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; RHESUS-MONKEY; NASAL CAVITY; F344 RAT; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIUM; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MAMMALIAN LUNG AB Clonal growth modeling of carcinogenesis requires data on the number of cells at risk of becoming cancerous. We synthesized literature data to estimate the fraction of respiratory tract epithelial cells that are progenitor cells, and therefore at risk, in formaldehyde carcinogenesis for specific respiratory tract regions. We concluded that the progenitor cells for the transitional and respiratory epithelia of the nose are basal and nonciliated cells and Type II cells in the alveolar region. In the conducting airways, our evaluation indicated that ciliated and basal cells are not in the progenitor pool. Respiratory tract epithelial cell fractions of 0.819 in rats and 0.668 in humans were estimated from the data. The total numbers of epithelial cells in the lower respiratory tract of humans and rats were allocated to individual generations. Cell cycle times were also estimated from literature data, since the reciprocal of cell cycle time is an important variable in clonal growth modeling. Sensitivity analyses of a previously published risk model for formaldehyde carcinogenesis showed that specification of the fraction of cells at risk markedly affects estimates of some parameters of the clonal growth model. When all epithelial cells are considered part of the progenitor pool, additional risks for the non-smoking population was typically over predicted by about 35% for high exposure levels. These results demonstrate the importance of accurately identifying cell populations at risk when applying quantitative models in risk assessments.2, space velocities <1000 h(-1), and reaction temperatures >= 250 degrees C are required to achieve >90% destruction of DMS in the HVLC waste gas stream. Ozone-enhanced catalytic oxidation has key environmental advantages over incineration, including mild operating temperatures and thus, lower energy costs and lower NO(x) formation. Although the technology appeared to be feasible at the laboratory scale, the field study data revealed that several obstacles must be overcome prior to this technology being implemented at large scale. (c) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 268-277,2011* C1 [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Devulapelli, Venu Gopal] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Almquist, Catherine B.] Miami Univ, Paper Sci & Chem Engn Dept, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Sahle-Demessie, E (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov FU Dennis Waldroup; Domtar Paper Company; Hawesville operation management FX Authors are grateful for the support of Dennis Waldroup, Domtar Paper Company and the Hawesville operation management, Dan Hart from Miami University for technical help, and Mark Kemper and Albert Foster from US EPA for their assistance in the field work. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD OCT PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 268 EP 277 DI 10.1002/ep.10471 PG 10 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 823IR UT WOS:000295116200001 ER PT J AU Karaoulis, M Revil, A Werkema, DD Minsley, BJ Woodruff, WF Kemna, A AF Karaoulis, M. Revil, A. Werkema, D. D. Minsley, B. J. Woodruff, W. F. Kemna, A. TI Time-lapse three-dimensional inversion of complex conductivity data using an active time constrained (ATC) approach SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Electrical properties; Hydrogeophysics; Permeability and porosity ID SPECTRAL INDUCED POLARIZATION; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY; SHALY SANDS; ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS; RESISTANCE TOMOGRAPHY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; FIELD-SCALE; MEMBRANE; MEDIA; ZONE AB Induced polarization (more precisely the magnitude and phase of impedance of the subsurface) is measured using a network of electrodes located at the ground surface or in boreholes. This method yields important information related to the distribution of permeability and contaminants in the shallow subsurface. We propose a new time-lapse 3-D modelling and inversion algorithm to image the evolution of complex conductivity over time. We discretize the subsurface using hexahedron cells. Each cell is assigned a complex resistivity or conductivity value. Using the finite-element approach, we model the in-phase and out-of-phase (quadrature) electrical potentials on the 3-D grid, which are then transformed into apparent complex resistivity. Inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions are used at the boundary of the domain. The calculation of the Jacobian matrix is based on the principles of reciprocity. The goal of time-lapse inversion is to determine the change in the complex resistivity of each cell of the spatial grid as a function of time. Each model along the time axis is called a 'reference space model'. This approach can be simplified into an inverse problem looking for the optimum of several reference space models using the approximation that the material properties vary linearly in time between two subsequent reference models. Regularizations in both space domain and time domain reduce inversion artefacts and improve the stability of the inversion problem. In addition, the use of the time-lapse equations allows the simultaneous inversion of data obtained at different times in just one inversion step (4-D inversion). The advantages of this new inversion algorithm are demonstrated on synthetic time-lapse data resulting from the simulation of a salt tracer test in a heterogeneous random material described by an anisotropic semi-variogram. C1 [Karaoulis, M.; Revil, A.; Woodruff, W. F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Revil, A.] Univ Savoie, Equipe Volcan, CNRS, ISTerre,UMR 5559, Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Werkema, D. D.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, ESD,CMB, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Minsley, B. J.] USGS, Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Kemna, A.] Univ Bonn, Dept Geodynam & Geophys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Karaoulis, M (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM arevil@mines.edu RI Karaoulis, Marios/C-9977-2013; OI Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306 FU Office of Science (BER); US. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER646559]; NSF [DGE-0801692]; U.S. EPA [EP10D00437] FX We thank Office of Science (BER), US. Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER646559), NSF (SmartGeo Educational Program, Project IGERT: Intelligent Geosystems; DGE-0801692) and the U.S. EPA (Student Service Contract # EP10D00437) for financial supports. Although this work was reviewed by U. S. EPA and approved for presentation, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by U. S. EPA for use. We gratefully acknowledge fruitful discussions with Roland Martin (Bonn University) regarding the extension and testing of the inversion algorithm to the complex case. We thank Joerg Renner and two referees for their useful comments. NR 61 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0956-540X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 187 IS 1 BP 237 EP 251 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05156.x PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 822AH UT WOS:000295015100017 ER PT J AU Londo, JP Bollman, MA Sagers, CL Lee, EH Watrud, LS AF Londo, J. P. Bollman, M. A. Sagers, C. L. Lee, E. H. Watrud, L. S. TI Changes in fitness-associated traits due to the stacking of transgenic glyphosate resistance and insect resistance in Brassica napus L. SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE Brassica napus; stacked transgenes; glyphosate drift; herbivory; fitness costs ID GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; GENE FLOW; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; CANOLA; POPULATIONS; RAPA; FECUNDITY; HYBRIDS; INTROGRESSION; VOLUNTEERS AB Increasingly, genetically modified crops are being developed to express multiple 'stacked' traits for different types of transgenes, for example, herbicide resistance, insect resistance, crop quality and tolerance to environmental stresses. The release of crops that express multiple traits could result in ecological changes in weedy environments if feral crop plants or hybrids formed with compatible weeds results in more competitive plants outside of agriculture. To examine the effects of combining transgenes, we developed a stacked line of canola (Brassica napus L.) from a segregating F(2) population that expresses both transgenic glyphosate resistance (CP4 EPSPS) and lepidopteran insect resistance (Cry1Ac). Fitness-associated traits were evaluated between this stacked genotype and five other Brassica genotypes in constructed mesocosm plant communities exposed to insect herbivores (Plutella xylostella L.) or glyphosate-drift. Vegetative biomass, seed production and relative fecundity were all reduced in stacked trait plants when compared with non-transgenic plants in control treatments, indicating potential costs of expressing multiple transgenes without selection pressure. Although costs of the transgenes were offset by selective treatment, the stacked genotype continued to produce fewer seeds than either single transgenic line. However, the increase in fitness of the stacked genotype under selective pressure contributed to an increased number of seeds within the mesocosm community carrying unselected, hitchhiking transgenes. These results demonstrate that the stacking of these transgenes in canola results in fitness costs and benefits that are dependent on the type and strength of selection pressure, and could also contribute to changes in plant communities through hitchhiking of unselected traits. Heredity (2011) 107, 328-337; doi:10.1038/hdy.2011.19; published online 23 March 2011 C1 [Londo, J. P.; Sagers, C. L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Londo, J. P.] CNR, Corvallis, OR USA. [Bollman, M. A.; Lee, E. H.; Watrud, L. S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Londo, JP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM jlondo@uark.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; USDA [CREES NRI 35615-19216] FX We would like to acknowledge horticultural and technical support provided by George King, Milt Plocher, Marjorie Storm, Gail Heine, Fred Senecal (Dynamac Corporation), Jon McKinney and Matthew Schwartz. We would like to thank Dr Neal Stewart, Jr for providing the original B. napus insect resistant genotype B. napus cv. TnWestar. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. A portion of this work was completed with funding from USDA CREES NRI 35615-19216 to CLS. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD OCT PY 2011 VL 107 IS 4 BP 328 EP 337 DI 10.1038/hdy.2011.19 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 823WZ UT WOS:000295159600005 PM 21427753 ER PT J AU Varadhan, AS Khodadoust, AP Brenner, RC AF Varadhan, A. Srinivasa Khodadoust, Amid P. Brenner, Richard C. TI Effect of biostimulation on the microbial community in PCB-contaminated sediments through periodic amendment of sediment with iron SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biostimulation; Sediment; Iron; Phospholipid fatty acid analysis; Dehalococcoides ID REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; FATTY-ACID; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ANAEROBIC DECHLORINATION; AROCLOR 1242; HYDROGEN; MICROORGANISMS; CONSORTIUM; BACTERIA; BIOMASS AB Reductive dehalogenation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by indigenous dehalorespiring microorganisms in contaminated sediments may be enhanced via biostimulation by supplying hydrogen generated through the anaerobic corrosion of elemental iron added to the sediment. In this study, the effect of periodic amendment of sediment with various dosages of iron on the microbial community present in sediment was investigated using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) over a period of 18 months. Three PCB-contaminated sediments (two freshwater lake sediments and one marine sediment) were used. Signature biomarker analysis of the microbial community present in all three sediments revealed the enrichment of Dehalococcoides species, the population of which was sustained for a longer period of time when the sediment microcosms were amended with the lower dosage of iron (0.01 g iron per g dry sediment) every 6 months as compared to the blank system (without iron). Lower microbial stress levels were reported for the system periodically amended with 0.01 g of iron per g dry sediment every 6 months, thus reducing the competition from other hydrogen-utilizing microorganisms like methanogens, iron reducers, and sulfate reducers. The concentration of hydrogen in the system was found to be an important factor influencing the shift in microbial communities in all sediments with time. Periodic amendment of sediment with larger dosages of iron every 3 months resulted in the early prevalence of Geobacteraceae and sulfate-reducing bacteria followed by methanogens. An average pH of 8.4 (range of 8.2-8.6) and an average hydrogen concentration of 0.75% (range of 0.3-1.2%) observed between 6 and 15 months of the study were found to be conducive to sustaining the population of Dehalococcoides species in the three sediments amended with 0.01 g iron per g dry sediment. Biostimulation of indigenous PCB dechlorinators by the periodic amendment of contaminated sediments with low dosages of iron metal may therefore be an effective technology for remediation of PCB-contaminated sediments. C1 [Varadhan, A. Srinivasa; Khodadoust, Amid P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Brenner, Richard C.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Khodadoust, AP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM akhodado@uic.edu FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Funding for this project was provided by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors thank Dorin Bogdan (University of Illinois at Chicago) for assisting with the experiments. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 38 IS 10 BP 1691 EP 1707 DI 10.1007/s10295-011-0959-y PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 823AN UT WOS:000295093300008 ER PT J AU Yang, IV Rutledge, HR Yang, J Warg, LA Sevilla, SD Schwartz, DA AF Yang, Ivana V. Rutledge, Holly R. Yang, Jun Warg, Laura A. Sevilla, Sergio D. Schwartz, David A. TI A locus on chromosome 9 is associated with differential response of 129S1/SvImJ and FVB/NJ strains of mice to systemic LPS SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; BACTERIAL CLEARANCE; CONGENIC STRAINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SEPSIS; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; RECOGNITION AB Although polymorphisms in TLR receptors and downstream signaling molecules affect the innate immune response, these variants account for only a portion of the ability of the host to respond to microorganisms. To identify novel genes that regulate the host response to systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we created an F2 intercross between susceptible (FVB/NJ) and resistant (129S1/SvImJ) strains, challenged F2 progeny with LPS via intraperitoneal injection, and phenotyped 605 animals for survival and another 500 mice for serum concentrations of IL-1 beta and IL-6. Genome-wide scans were performed on pools of susceptible and resistant mice for survival, IL-1 beta, and IL-6. This approach identified a locus on the telomeric end of the q arm of chromosome 9 (0-40 Mb) that was associated with the differences in morbidity and serum concentrations of IL-1 beta and IL-6 following systemic LPS in FVB/NJ and 129S1/SvImJ strains of mice. Fine mapping narrowed the locus to 3.7 Mb containing 11 known genes, among which are three inflammatory caspases. We studied expression of genes within the locus by quantitative RT-PCR and showed that Casp1 and Casp12 levels are unaffected by LPS in both strains, whereas Casp4 is highly induced by LPS in FVB/NJ but not in 129S1/SvImJ mice. In conclusion, our mapping results indicate that a 3.7-Mb region on chromosome 9 contains a gene that regulates differential response to LPS in 129S1/SvImJ and FVB/NJ strains of mice. Differences in the induction of Casp4 expression by LPS in the two strains suggest that Casp4 is the most likely candidate gene in this region. C1 [Yang, Ivana V.; Warg, Laura A.; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Yang, Ivana V.; Warg, Laura A.; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Yang, Ivana V.; Schwartz, David A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Sch Med, Aurora, CO 80010 USA. [Rutledge, Holly R.; Yang, Jun] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Sevilla, Sergio D.] Kendle Int, Project Management, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Yang, IV (reprint author), Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, 1400 Jackson St,A650, Denver, CO 80206 USA. EM yangi@njhealth.org FU NIH/NHLBI; NIEHS [ES11375, ES101946] FX We thank Rachel Burton for technical assistance in the laboratory. This research was supported by the funding from the Intramural Program of the NIH/NHLBI and NIEHS extramural grants ES11375 and ES101946. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD OCT PY 2011 VL 22 IS 9-10 BP 518 EP 529 DI 10.1007/s00335-011-9340-8 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 823OD UT WOS:000295130800003 PM 21720866 ER PT J AU Fisk, WJ Black, D Brunner, G AF Fisk, W. J. Black, D. Brunner, G. TI Benefits and costs of improved IEQ in US offices SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Dampness and mold; IEQ improvement; Health; Offices; Temperature; Ventilation ID INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; OUTDOOR AIR; EPA BASE; HEALTH; DAMPNESS; VENTILATION; SYMPTOMS; MOLD; PRODUCTIVITY; ASSOCIATIONS AB This study estimates some of the benefits and costs of implementing scenarios that improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in the stock of U. S. office buildings. The scenarios include increasing ventilation rates when they are below 10 or 15 l/s per person, adding outdoor air economizers and controls when absent, eliminating winter indoor temperatures > 23 degrees C, and reducing dampness and mold problems. The estimated benefits of the scenarios analyzed are substantial in magnitude, including increased work performance, reduced Sick Building Syndrome symptoms, reduced absence, and improved thermal comfort for millions of office workers. The combined potential annual economic benefit of a set of nonoverlapping scenarios is approximately $20 billion. While the quantitative estimates have a high uncertainty, the opportunity for substantial benefits is clear. Some IEQ improvement measures will save energy while improving health or productivity, and implementing these measures should be the highest priority. C1 [Fisk, W. J.; Black, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brunner, G.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Fisk, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wjfisk@lbl.gov FU Indoor Environments Division, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW-89-92224401]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This study was funded through interagency agreement DW-89-92224401 between the Indoor Environments Division, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, to support EPA's IAQ Scientific Findings Resource Bank. Conclusions in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U. S. EPA. The authors thank Henry Willem, Mark Mendell, and Chris Patkowski for reviewing a draft of this study, Woody Delp for the analyses of economizer utilization in the existing office building stock, and Michael Spears for reviewing calculations. NR 32 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD OCT PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 357 EP 367 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00719.x PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 822AT UT WOS:000295016400002 PM 21470313 ER PT J AU Haseman, JK Allen, DG Lipscomb, EA Truax, JF Stokes, WS AF Haseman, Joseph K. Allen, David G. Lipscomb, Elizabeth A. Truax, James F. Stokes, William S. TI Using fewer animals to identify chemical eye hazards: Revised criteria necessary to maintain equivalent hazard classification SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CPSC; Eye irritant; FHSA; Hazard classification; Hazard labeling; Ocular safety testing ID STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; NUMBER; RABBITS; INJURY AB U.S. Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) regulations specify eye safety testing procedures and hazard classification criteria for substances regulated by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Current regulations require up to three sequential 6-animal tests. Testing consistent with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline for eye irritation/corrosion, which specifies 3 animals, can also be submitted to US agencies. However, current FHSA regulations do not provide criteria to classify results from 3-animal tests. An analysis was conducted to determine criteria using results from 3-animal tests that would provide equivalent labeling to FHSA regulations. The frequency that FHSA requirements identify substances as ocular irritants was compared with the frequency that a criterion of either >= 1/3 or >= 2/3 positive animals would identify these substances. A database of rabbit eye tests was also used to estimate over- and underprediction rates for each criterion. In each instance, a criterion of >= 1/3 positive animals more closely matched the expected outcome based on FHSA requirements, while a criterion of >= 2/3 positive animals identified far fewer irritants. Using a classification criterion of >= 1/3 positive animals provided equivalent or greater eye hazard labeling as current FHSA requirements, while using 50-83% fewer animals. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Haseman, Joseph K.] JK Haseman Consulting, Raleigh, NC 27614 USA. [Allen, David G.; Lipscomb, Elizabeth A.; Truax, James F.] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Stokes, William S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Stokes, WS (reprint author), 530 Davis Dr,POB 12233,K2-16, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM stokes@niehs.nih.gov FU NIEHS [N01-ES 35504] FX This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH or the United States government. ILS staff are supported by NIEHS contract N01-ES 35504. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 61 IS 1 BP 98 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.06.006 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 820WO UT WOS:000294937000012 PM 21745525 ER PT J AU Tadesse, H Luque, R AF Tadesse, Haregewine Luque, Rafael TI Advances on biomass pretreatment using ionic liquids: An overview SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID AQUEOUS BIPHASIC SYSTEMS; IN-SITU SACCHARIFICATION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; DILUTE-ACID; 1,3-DIMETHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE; CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES; RENEWABLE CHEMICALS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB Petroleum is currently being used as a major source for chemicals, materials, and fuels, but poses major concerns in terms of its future utilisation due to resource limitation, increasing costs and associated environmental issues. An alternative raw material for chemicals and biofuels production is lignocellulosic biomass. The conversion of biomass to biofuels begins with biomass pretreatment in which chemical and/or physical treatments are utilised to remove or weaken the tight linkages among cell-wall components, making biomass easier to degrade. The use of ionic liquids-salts (mixtures of cations and anions that melt below 100 degrees C) has been described as a new potentially viable development in this area due to the increasing interest in the use of such compounds to pretreat lignocellulosic materials and to catalyse the dissolution of cellulose. This manuscript aims to provide an overview on the major representative progress and development of the use of ionic liquids systems for biomass pretreatment and cellulose dissolution. A comparison of the environmental impact of different ionic liquids for the conversion of carbohydrates into useful biofuel intermediates will be described, with their inherent advantages for biomass valorisation processes in terms of unique and tuneable physicochemical properties. C1 [Tadesse, Haregewine] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab MS 443, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Luque, Rafael] Univ Cordoba, Dept Quim Organ, Cordoba, Spain. RP Tadesse, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab MS 443, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM tadesse.haregewine@gmail.com; q62alsor@uco.es RI Luque, Rafael/F-9853-2010 OI Luque, Rafael/0000-0003-4190-1916 FU National Research Council; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Gobierno de Espana [RYC-2009-04199]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [CTQ2008-01330/BQU]; Consejeria de Educacion y Ciencia, Junta de Andalucia [P07-FQM-2695] FX This review was written while HT held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award. RL gratefully acknowledges Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Gobierno de Espana for the concession of a Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC-2009-04199). Funding from projects CTQ2008-01330/BQU (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) and P07-FQM-2695 (Consejeria de Educacion y Ciencia, Junta de Andalucia) are also acknowledged. NR 185 TC 169 Z9 177 U1 15 U2 157 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 4 IS 10 BP 3913 EP 3929 DI 10.1039/c0ee00667j PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 833LX UT WOS:000295888100015 ER PT J AU Dillon, MA Harris, B Hernandez, ML Zou, BM Reed, W Bromberg, PA Devlin, RB Diaz-Sanchez, D Kleeberger, S Zhou, HB Lay, JC Alexis, NE Peden, DB AF Dillon, Madeline A. Harris, Bradford Hernandez, Michelle L. Zou, Baiming Reed, William Bromberg, Philip A. Devlin, Robert B. Diaz-Sanchez, David Kleeberger, Steven Zhou, Haibo Lay, John C. Alexis, Neil E. Peden, David B. TI Enhancement of systemic and sputum granulocyte response to inhaled endotoxin in people with the GSTM1 null genotype SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; NORMAL VOLUNTEERS; AIR-POLLUTION; OZONE; PARTICLES; DISEASE; ASTHMA; GENE AB Objective To determine if the GSTM1 null genotype is a risk factor for increased inflammatory response to inhaled endotoxin. Methods 35 volunteers who had undergone inhalation challenge with a 20 000 endotoxin unit dose of Clinical Center Reference Endotoxin (CCRE) were genotyped for the GSTM1 null polymorphism. Parameters of airway and systemic inflammation observed before and after challenge were compared in GSTM1 null (n=17) and GSTM1 (n=18) sufficient volunteers. Results GSTM1 null volunteers had significantly increased circulating white blood cells (WBCs), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), platelets and sputum PMNs (% sputum PMNs and PMNs/mg sputum) after CCRE challenge. GSTM1 sufficient volunteers had significant, but lower increases in circulating WBCs, PMNs and % sputum PMNs, and no increase in platelets or PMNs/mg sputum. Linear regression analysis adjusted for baseline values of the entire cohort revealed that the GSTM1 null genotype significantly increased circulating WBCs, platelets and % sputum PMNs after challenge. Conclusion These data support the hypothesis that the GSTM1 null genotype is a risk factor for increased acute respiratory and systemic inflammatory response to inhaled CCRE. These data are consistent with other observations that the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with increased respiratory, systemic and cardiovascular effects linked to ambient air particulate matter exposure and indicate that the GSTM1 null genotype should be considered a risk factor for adverse health effects associated with exposure to environmental endotoxin. C1 [Dillon, Madeline A.; Harris, Bradford; Hernandez, Michelle L.; Zou, Baiming; Reed, William; Bromberg, Philip A.; Zhou, Haibo; Lay, John C.; Alexis, Neil E.; Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Devlin, Robert B.; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kleeberger, Steven] NIEHS, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Peden, DB (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM peden@med.unc.edu RI Lay, John/A-6380-2012 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES012706, RC1ES018417, P30010126]; National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U19AI077437]; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [P01AT002620]; National Center of Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [KL2RR025746, M01RR00046, UL1RR025747]; US Environmental Protection Agency [CR 83346301]; Purdue Pharmaceuticals-Quintiles; National Institute of Health; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Center for Research Resources FX This research was supported in part by grants R01ES012706, RC1ES018417 and P30010126 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U19AI077437 from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, P01AT002620 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, and KL2RR025746, M01RR00046 and UL1RR025747 from the National Center of Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health, as well as CR 83346301 from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Although the research described herein has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to the EPA's required peer and policy review. The findings contained in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of the Environmental Protection Agency or the National Institutes of Health, and no official endorsement should be inferred.; BH has received research support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US Environmental Protection Agency and Purdue Pharmaceuticals-Quintiles. PAB has received support from the US Environmental Protection Agency and National Institute of Health. DBP has consulted for GlaxoSmithKline and Funxional Therapeutics and has received research support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the US Environmental Protection Agency and the National Center for Research Resources. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no competing interests. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 68 IS 10 BP 783 EP 785 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.061747 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 818SY UT WOS:000294777000014 PM 21441173 ER PT J AU Lye, DJ AF Lye, Dennis J. TI Gastrointestinal Colonization Rates for Human Clinical Isolates of Aeromonas Veronii Using a Mouse Model SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE FACTORS; WATER; INFECTION; ENTEROTOXINS; HYDROPHILA AB A variety of environment-associated gastrointestinal infections have been associated with the Aeromonas group of bacteria which contain both non-virulent strains as well as virulent strains within a particular species. This study monitors the colonization rates of colon tissue in a mouse-streptomycin dose/response model involving isolates of Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria obtained from human clinical specimens. The ability to successfully colonize mouse colon tissues by the human clinical isolates was then compared with the rates achieved in a previous study of Aeromonas isolates obtained from environmental drinking water samples. Results suggest that strains of Aeromonas isolated from drinking water environmental samples contain pathogenic and virulence capabilities similar to those seen in Aeromonas veronii clinical isolates from human infections. C1 US EPA, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lye, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MS 314,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lye.dennis@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 63 IS 4 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1007/s00284-011-9982-5 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 813DI UT WOS:000294346600003 PM 21779939 ER PT J AU Thomas, JA Alexander, L Barron, T Borsuk, F Bridges, CL Eisiminger, E Hornshaw, T Shaskus, M Smithson, J Stahl, J Toomey, B AF Thomas, Jeff A. Alexander, LaNetta Barron, Tom Borsuk, Frank Bridges, C. Lee Eisiminger, Eric Hornshaw, Tom Shaskus, Mylynda Smithson, Janice Stahl, Jim Toomey, Bill TI A uniform fish consumption advisory protocol for the Ohio River SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Ohio River; Fish consumption advisory; Consistency; Fish tissue contaminants; PCB; Mercury ID MERCURY AB ORSANCO and the six Ohio River main stem states have been working to align states' fish consumption advisories (FCAs) to enhance the value of advice issued to the public. To achieve this goal, ORSANCO worked closely with a panel consisting of state and USEPA representatives. The result of this effort is the Ohio River Fish Consumption Advisory Protocol (ORFCAP). The ORFCAP represents a single set of variables agreed upon by the panel that allows for a standardized protocol to create advisory thresholds to which states can defer to issue consumption advice for the Ohio River. The ORFCAP identifies ORSANCO as a clearinghouse for data which will be distributed to the panel for decision making. Other components include identifying primary contaminants of concern (PCBs and mercury) and dividing the river into four reporting units. The protocol was developed to issue FCAs for the protection of sensitive populations using five advisory groupings for PCBs and four for mercury. Specific variables used in the calculation of advisory thresholds such as health protection values, cooking reductions, average meal sizes, etc., were selected by the panel. Lastly, the protocol calls for FCA decisions to be based on analysis of the most recent 10 years of data for each species in each reporting unit to determine size class needs and advisory groupings. Upon pending implementation of the protocol by the main stem states, these decisions will be made annually through a series of discussions involving ORSANCO, the panel, and other appropriate state personnel. C1 [Thomas, Jeff A.] Ohio River Valley Water Sanitat Commiss ORSANCO, Cincinnati, OH 45230 USA. [Alexander, LaNetta] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Barron, Tom] Penn Dept Environm Protect, Harrisburg, PA 17105 USA. [Borsuk, Frank] US EPA, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. [Bridges, C. Lee; Stahl, Jim] Indiana Dept Environm Management, Indianapolis, IN 46206 USA. [Eisiminger, Eric] Kentucky Div Water, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Hornshaw, Tom] Illinois Environm Protect Agcy, Springfield, IL 62794 USA. [Shaskus, Mylynda] Ohio Environm Protect Agcy, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. [Smithson, Janice] W Virginia Dept Environm Protect, Charleston, WV 25311 USA. [Toomey, Bill] W Virginia Bur Publ Hlth, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. RP Thomas, JA (reprint author), Ohio River Valley Water Sanitat Commiss ORSANCO, 5735 Kellogg Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45230 USA. EM jthomas@orsanco.org NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 181 IS 1-4 BP 137 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s10661-010-1819-3 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 812AE UT WOS:000294259300012 PM 21170582 ER PT J AU Li, Z Sahle-Demessie, E Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Li, Zhen Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Transport and deposition of CeO2 nanoparticles in water-saturated porous media SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ceria; Flow through porous media; Modeling transport and deposition; Nanoparticles ID COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; FLOW CONDITIONS; AGGREGATION; BEHAVIOR; NANOMATERIALS; ECOTOXICITY; FILTRATION; EFFICIENCY; TOXICITY AB Ceria nanoparticles are used for fuel cell, metal polishing and automobile exhaust catalyst; however, little is known about the impact of their release to the environment. The stability, transport and deposition of engineered CeO2 nanoparticles through water-saturated column packed with sand were studied by monitoring effluent CeO2 concentration. The influence of solution chemistry such as ionic strength (1-10 mM) and pH (3-9) on the mobility and deposition of CeO2 nanoparticles was investigated by using a three-phase (deposition-rinse-reentrainment) procedure in packed bed columns. The results show that water chemistry governs the transport and deposition of CeO2 nanoparticles. Transport is significantly hindered at acidic conditions (pH 3) and high ionic strengths (10 mM and above), and the deposited CeO2 particles may not be re-entrained by increasing the pH or lowering the ionic strength of water. At neutral and alkaline conditions (pH6 and 9), and lower ionic strengths (below 10 mM), partial breakthrough of CeO2 nanoparticles was observed and particles can be partially detached and re-entrained from porous media by changing the solution chemistry. A mathematical model was developed based on advection-dispersion-adsorption equations and it successfully predicts the transport, deposition and re-entrainment of CeO2 nanoparticles through a packed bed. There is strong agreement between the deposition rate coefficients calculated from experimental data and predicted by the model. The successful prediction for attachment and detachment of nanoparticles during the deposition and re-entrainment phases is unique addition in this study. This work can be applied to access the risk of CeO2 nanoparticles transport in contaminated ground water. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Zhen; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Hassan, Ashraf Aly] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, POB 210012, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM George.Sorial@uc.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [PR-C108-1170] FX The authors are grateful for the financial support from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract No. PR-C108-1170. NR 37 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 9 U2 66 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 15 BP 4409 EP 4418 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.05.025 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 810BV UT WOS:000294101300009 PM 21708395 ER PT J AU Jacobs, LE Fimmen, RL Chin, YP Mash, HE Weavers, LK AF Jacobs, Laura E. Fimmen, Ryan L. Chin, Yu-Ping Mash, Heath E. Weavers, Linda K. TI Fulvic acid mediated photolysis of ibuprofen in water SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pharmaceuticals; Ibuprofen; Photolysis; Dissolved organic matter; Photodecarboxylation; Fulvic acids ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CLOFIBRIC ACID; 2-ARYLPROPIONIC ACIDS; PREPARATIVE ISOLATION; HYDROXYL RADICALS; NATURAL-WATERS; PHARMACEUTICALS AB Photolysis of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen was studied by exposure to a solar simulator in solutions of fulvic acid (FA) isolated from Pony Lake, Antarctica; Suwannee River, GA, USA; and Old Woman Creek, OH, USA. At an initial concentration of 10 mu M, ibuprofen degrades by direct photolysis, but the presence of FA significantly increases reaction rates. These reactions proceeded up to 6x faster in FA solutions at lower ibuprofen concentrations (0.1 mu M), but the rates are highly dependent upon DOM composition. Incomplete quenching of the reaction in the presence of isopropanol suggests that the hydroxyl radical is only partially responsible for ibuprofen's photodegradation in FA solutions, and other reactive transients likely play an important role. Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy reveal the formation of multiple photoproducts, with three byproducts identified as 1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethanol, isobutylacetophenone, and a phenol derivative. Pony Lake FA significantly increases the production of the major byproduct relative to yields produced by direct photolysis and the other two FA. Thus, the photolytic fate of ibuprofen in sunlit waters is affected by its initial concentration and the source of dissolved organic matter present. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fimmen, Ryan L.; Chin, Yu-Ping] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jacobs, Laura E.] Ohio State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mash, Heath E.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Weavers, Linda K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Geodet Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Chin, YP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, 125 S Oval Mall,275 Mendenhall Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM yo@geology.ohio-state.edu FU NOAA/NERR; National Science Foundation [CBET 0504434] FX We thank the members of the Chin research group for helping us isolate the Old Woman Creek fulvic acid and especially Collin Ward for helping LEJ with the photolysis experiments. We also thank Silvio Canonica for his helpful discussions with LEJ as well as comments provided by two anonymous reviewers. This work was partially supported by NOAA/NERR Fellowship awarded to LEJ and by a grant from the National Science Foundation CBET 0504434. NR 51 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 15 BP 4449 EP 4458 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.05.041 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 810BV UT WOS:000294101300013 PM 21714984 ER PT J AU Hollister, JW Milstead, WB Urrutia, MA AF Hollister, Jeffrey W. Milstead, W. Bryan Urrutia, M. Andrea TI Predicting Maximum Lake Depth from Surrounding Topography SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB Information about lake morphometry (e. g., depth, volume, size, etc.) aids understanding of the physical and ecological dynamics of lakes, yet is often not readily available. The data needed to calculate measures of lake morphometry, particularly lake depth, are usually collected on a lake-by-lake basis and are difficult to obtain across broad regions. To span the gap between studies of individual lakes where detailed data exist and regional studies where access to useful data on lake depth is unavailable, we developed a method to predict maximum lake depth from the slope of the topography surrounding a lake. We use the National Elevation Dataset and the National Hydrography Dataset - Plus to estimate the percent slope of surrounding lakes and use this information to predict maximum lake depth. We also use field measured maximum lake depths from the US EPA's National Lakes Assessment to empirically adjust and cross-validate our predictions. We were able to predict maximum depth for similar to 28,000 lakes in the Northeastern United States with an average cross-validated RMSE of 5.95 m and 5.09 m and average correlation of 0.82 and 0.69 for Hydrological Unit Code Regions 01 and 02, respectively. The depth predictions and the scripts are openly available as supplements to this manuscript. C1 [Hollister, Jeffrey W.; Milstead, W. Bryan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Urrutia, M. Andrea] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Hollister, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. EM hollister.jeff@epa.gov OI Hollister, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9254-9740 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The research described in this paper has been funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. This paper has not been subjected to Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number AED-11-013 of the Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory. The funding agency employs Dr. Hollister and Dr. Milstead, but beyond salary support for the authors, the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 30 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e25764 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025764 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834ED UT WOS:000295941300055 PM 21984945 ER PT J AU Kim, S Sandler, DP Carswell, G Weinberg, CR Taylor, JA AF Kim, Sangmi Sandler, Dale P. Carswell, Gleta Weinberg, Clarice R. Taylor, Jack A. TI Reliability and Short-Term Intra-Individual Variability of Telomere Length Measurement Using Monochrome Multiplexing Quantitative PCR SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INSULIN-RESISTANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BLADDER-CANCER; CELLS; RISK; DISEASE; MEN; AGE AB Background: Studies examining the association between telomere length and cancer risk have often relied on measurement of telomere length from a single blood draw using a real-time PCR technique. We examined the reliability of telomere length measurement using sequential samples collected over a 9-month period. Methods and Findings: Relative telomere length in peripheral blood was estimated using a single tube monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR assay in blood DNA samples from 27 non-pregnant adult women ( aged 35 to 74 years) collected in 7 visits over a 9-month period. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the components of variance for telomere length measurements attributed to variation among women and variation between time points within women. Mean telomere length measurement at any single visit was not significantly different from the average of 7 visits. Plates had a significant systematic influence on telomere length measurements, although measurements between different plates were highly correlated. After controlling for plate effects, 64% of the remaining variance was estimated to be accounted for by variance due to subject. Variance explained by time of visit within a subject was minor, contributing 5% of the remaining variance. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate good short-term reliability of telomere length measurement using blood from a single draw. However, the existence of technical variability, particularly plate effects, reinforces the need for technical replicates and balancing of case and control samples across plates. C1 [Kim, Sangmi; Sandler, Dale P.; Taylor, Jack A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Carswell, Gleta; Taylor, Jack A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Weinberg, Clarice R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kims3@niehs.nih.gov OI taylor, jack/0000-0001-5303-6398; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES044005, Z01 ES049033] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES044005 and Z01 ES049033). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 30 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e25774 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025774 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834ED UT WOS:000295941300057 PM 21984947 ER PT J AU Abdelnour, A Stieglitz, M Pan, FF McKane, R AF Abdelnour, Alex Stieglitz, Marc Pan, Feifei McKane, Robert TI Catchment hydrological responses to forest harvest amount and spatial pattern SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; WESTERN OREGON; WATER YIELD; DOUGLAS-FIR; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ROAD CONSTRUCTION; CASCADE RANGE; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; ROOT DISTRIBUTIONS; CARBON STORAGE AB Forest harvest effects on streamflow generation have been well described experimentally, but a clear understanding of process-level hydrological controls can be difficult to ascertain from data alone. We apply a new model, Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments (VELMA), to elucidate how hillslope and catchment-scale processes control stream discharge in a small Pacific Northwest catchment. VELMA is a spatially distributed ecohydrology model that links hydrological and biogeochemical processes within watersheds. The study site is WS10 of the H.J. Andrews LTER, a 10 ha forested catchment clearcut in 1975. Simulated and observed daily streamflow are in good agreement for both the pre-(1969-1974) and postharvest (1975-2008) periods (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.807 and 0.819, respectively). One hundred scenarios, where harvest amounts ranged from 2% to 100% were conducted. Results show that (1) for the case of a 100% clearcut, stream discharge initially increased by similar to 29% or 345 mm but returned to preclearcut levels within 50 years, and (2) annual streamflow increased at a near linear rate of 3.5 mm year(-1) for each percent of catchment harvested, irrespective of location. Thereafter, to assess the impact of harvest location on stream discharge, 20 harvest scenarios were simulated, where harvest amount was fixed at 20% but harvest location varied. Results show that the streamflow response is strongly sensitive to harvest distance from the stream channel. Specifically, a 20% clearcut area near the catchment divide resulted in an average annual streamflow increase of 53 mm, whereas a 20% clearcut near the stream resulted in an average annual streamflow increase of 92 mm. C1 [Abdelnour, Alex; Stieglitz, Marc] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Sch Earth Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. [Pan, Feifei] Univ N Texas, Dept Geog, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [McKane, Robert] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Abdelnour, A (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Sch Earth Atmospher Sci, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. EM alexabdelnour@gatech.edu RI Pan, Feifei/D-3370-2015 OI Pan, Feifei/0000-0003-4373-7566 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; NSF [0439620, 0436118, 0922100, DEB 08-23380]; Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; OR State University FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was additionally supported in part by the following NSF Grants 0439620, 0436118, and 0922100. We thank Sherri Johnson, Barbara Bond, Suzanne Remillard, Theresa Valentine, and Don Henshaw for invaluable assistance in accessing and interpreting various H.J. Andrews LTER data sets used in this study. Data for streamflow, stream chemistry and climate were provided by the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 08-23380), U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and OR State University. NR 99 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP 27 PY 2011 VL 47 AR W09521 DI 10.1029/2010WR010165 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 829UO UT WOS:000295610000002 ER PT J AU Ribas, V Drew, BG Le, JA Soleymani, T Daraei, P Sitz, D Mohammad, L Henstridge, DC Febbraio, MA Hewitt, SC Korach, KS Bensinger, SJ Hevener, AL AF Ribas, Vicent Drew, Brian G. Le, Jamie A. Soleymani, Teo Daraei, Pedram Sitz, Daniel Mohammad, Laila Henstridge, Darren C. Febbraio, Mark A. Hewitt, Sylvia C. Korach, Kenneth S. Bensinger, Steven J. Hevener, Andrea L. TI Myeloid-specific estrogen receptor alpha deficiency impairs metabolic homeostasis and accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE estrogen action; insulin sensitivity ID REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; GENE-EXPRESSION; MACROPHAGE RECRUITMENT; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RISK-FACTOR; PPAR-GAMMA AB ER alpha is expressed in macrophages and other immune cells known to exert dramatic effects on glucose homeostasis. We investigated the impact of ER alpha expression on macrophage function to determine whether hematopoietic or myeloid-specific ER alpha deletion manifests obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice. Indeed, altered plasma adipokine and cytokine levels, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and increased adipose tissue mass were observed in animals harboring a hematopoietic or myeloid-specific deletion of ER alpha. A similar obese phenotype and increased atherosclerotic lesion area was displayed in LDL receptor-KO mice transplanted with ER alpha(-/)-bone marrow. In isolated macrophages, ER alpha was necessary for repression of inflammation, maintenance of oxidative metabolism, IL4-mediated induction of alternative activation, full phagocytic capacity in response to LPS, and oxidized LDL-induced expression of ApoE and Abca1. Furthermore, we identified ER alpha as a direct regulator of macrophage transglutaminase 2 expression, a multifunctional atheroprotective enzyme. Our findings suggest that diminished ER alpha expression in hematopoietic/myeloid cells promotes aspects of the metabolic syndrome and accelerates atherosclerosis in female mice. C1 [Ribas, Vicent; Drew, Brian G.; Le, Jamie A.; Soleymani, Teo; Daraei, Pedram; Sitz, Daniel; Mohammad, Laila; Henstridge, Darren C.; Hevener, Andrea L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Henstridge, Darren C.; Febbraio, Mark A.] Baker IDI Heart & Diabet Inst, Cellular & Mol Metab Lab, Melbourne, Vic 8008, Australia. [Hewitt, Sylvia C.; Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Receptor Biol Sect, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bensinger, Steven J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Hevener, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ahevener@mednet.ucla.edu RI Ribas, Vicent/K-1390-2014; OI Ribas, Vicent/0000-0003-3380-2256; Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU National Institutes of Health [DK060484, DK073227, DK063491]; Intramural Research Program; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES70065]; UCLA Department of Medicine; UCLA Iris Cantor Women's Health Center Foundation; Australian National Health and Medical Research Council; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain) FX We thank Peter Tontonoz, Jerrold Olefsky, Pinchas Cohen, Chris Glass, and the University of California at San Diego (UCSD)-University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (DERC), as well as Pamela Berryhill, Brandi Hutchinson, Tonishia Boyle, and Virginia Ducanes for continued support of our work and assistance with the preparation of this manuscript; Rima Boyadjian from the UCLA DERC Inflammation Core for assistance with Lincoplex analyses performed on mouse plasma; Diana Becerra under the direction of Rajendra Tangirala from the UCLA DERC Mouse Phenotyping Core for assessment of atherosclerotic lesions; Tammy Phung for assistance with FACS analyses; Laarni Gupta under the direction of Dr. Nissi Varki from the Histology Core Facility and UCSD Moore's Cancer Center for assistance with adipose tissue histochemistry. These studies were supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants DK060484, DK073227, and DK063491 (to A.L.H.); Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Project Z01ES70065 (to S.C.H. and K.S.K.), and research grants from UCLA Department of Medicine, and UCLA Iris Cantor Women's Health Center Foundation. B.G.D. is supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council postdoctoral research fellowship. V.R. is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain). NR 55 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 27 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 39 BP 16457 EP 16462 DI 10.1073/pnas.1104533108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825FB UT WOS:000295255300065 PM 21900603 ER PT J AU Taner, MU Carleton, JN Wellman, M AF Taner, Mehmet Uemit Carleton, James N. Wellman, Marjorie TI Integrated model projections of climate change impacts on a North American lake SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Hydrology; Ecosystem modeling; Lakes; Thermal stratification; Eutrophication; Algae ID WATER-QUALITY; ONONDAGA LAKE; ECOSYSTEM; TEMPERATURE; SHIFTS; CONSEQUENCES; CAROLINA; AQUATOX; CREEK; CYCLE AB Climate change is likely to impact terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems via numerous physical and biological mechanisms. This study outlines a framework for projecting potential impacts of climate change on lakes using linked environmental models. Impacts of climate drivers on catchment hydrology and thermal balance in Onondaga Lake (New York State) are simulated using mechanistic models HSPF and UFILS4. Outputs from these models are fed into a lake ecosystem model, developed in AQUATOX. Watershed simulations project increases in the magnitude of peak flows and consequent increases in catchment nutrient export as the magnitude of extreme precipitation events increases. This occurs concurrently with a decrease in annual stream discharge as a result of increased evapotranspiration. Simulated lake water temperatures increase by as much as 5 degrees C during the 2040-2069 time period, accompanied by a prolonging of the duration of summer stratification. Projected changes include shifts in the timing of nutrient cycling between lake sediments and water column. Plankton taxa projected to thrive under climate change include green algae and Bosmina longirostris. Responses for species at higher trophic levels are mixed. Benthic macroinvertebrates may either prosper (zebra mussels) or decline (chironomids), while fish (e.g., gizzard shad) exhibit high seasonal variability without any clear trend. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Taner, Mehmet Uemit; Carleton, James N.; Wellman, Marjorie] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Taner, Mehmet Uemit] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Taner, Mehmet Uemit] Bogazici Univ, Inst Environm Sci, TR-80815 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Taner, MU (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM tanerumit@gmail.com FU Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to an Internship Program at the Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and US EPA. We thank Dr. Richard Park from Eco Modeling, Jonathan S. Clough from Warren Pinnacle Consulting Inc. and Tony Donigian, Paul Duda and Brian Bicknell from Aqua Terra Consultants Inc. for their continuous support. We are grateful to William F. Coon and James E. Reddy from USGS, who provided an HSPF model application of Onondaga Lake's Watershed. We are grateful as well to Dr. Steven W. Effler from the Upstate Freshwater Institute, who provided a hydrothermal model application of Onondaga Lake, and to the Onondaga County Water Environmental Protection, who provided water quality and biological monitoring data for Onondaga Lake and its tributaries. We also thank Dr. David Soballe from USACE, and Susan O'Donnell from the Upstate Freshwater Institute. NR 68 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 24 PY 2011 VL 222 IS 18 BP 3380 EP 3393 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.07.015 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 836PU UT WOS:000296124400007 ER PT J AU Marten, AL Moore, CC AF Marten, Alex L. Moore, Christopher C. TI An options based bioeconomic model for biological and chemical control of invasive species SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Real options; Integrated pest management; Biological control ID ECONOMIC-MODEL; MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY; POLICIES AB The management of non-native invasive species is a complex but crucial task given the potential for economic and environmental damages. For many invasions the development of socially optimal control strategies requires more than is offered by the single-species, single-control models that have dominated this area of research. We develop a general stochastic optimal control framework that accommodates multiple interacting species while accounting for uncertainty in the temporal population dynamics. This extension to the current line of bioeconomic control models allows for the design of optimal integrated pest management strategies that utilize both chemical and biological controls in an environment of uncertainty and irreversibility. We demonstrate the benefits of combining chemical and biological controls in long term management strategies through a case study of the hemlock wooly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) infestation in the eastern United States. In this application we find that the introduction of natural predators is usually sufficient to manage the infestation, though chemical insecticides can play an important role when detection of the infestation is delayed or when the biological control agent does not sufficiently increase mortality of the invasive species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Marten, Alex L.; Moore, Christopher C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marten, AL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marten.alex@epa.gov NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 70 IS 11 BP 2050 EP 2061 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.022 PG 12 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 864UO UT WOS:000298266200027 ER PT J AU Deziel, NC Viet, SM Rogers, JW Camann, DE Marker, DA Heikkinen, MSA Yau, AY Stout, DM Dellarco, M AF Deziel, Nicole C. Viet, Susan M. Rogers, John W. Camann, David E. Marker, David A. Heikkinen, Maire S. A. Yau, Alice Y. Stout, Daniel M., II Dellarco, Michael TI Comparison of wipe materials and wetting agents for pesticide residue collection from hard surfaces SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Collection efficiency; Precision; Pesticide; Wipe; National Children's Study ID EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; RESIDENTIAL SURFACES; POTENTIAL EXPOSURE; DERMAL TRANSFER; CHILDREN; DUST; HOMES; CHLORPYRIFOS; CYFLUTHRIN; COMMUNITY AB Different wipe materials and wetting agents have been used to collect pesticide residues from surfaces, but little is known about their comparability. To inform the selection of a wipe for the National Children's Study, the analytical feasibility, collection efficiency, and precision of Twillwipes wetted with isopropanol (TI), Ghost Wipes (GW), and Twillwipes wetted with water (TW), were evaluated. Wipe samples were collected from stainless steel surfaces spiked with high and low concentrations of 27 insecticides, including organochlorines, organophosphates, and pyrethroids. Samples were analyzed by GC/MS/SIM. No analytical interferences were observed for any of the wipes. The mean percent collection efficiencies across all pesticides for the TI. GW, and TW were 69.3%, 31.1%, and 10.3% at the high concentration, respectively, and 55.6%, 22.5%, and 6.9% at the low concentration, respectively. The collection efficiencies of the TI were significantly greater than that of GW or TW (p<0.0001). Collection efficiency also differed significantly by pesticide (p<0.0001) and spike concentration (p<0.0001). The pooled coefficients of variation (CVs) of the collection efficiencies for the TI. GW, and TW at high concentration were 0.08, 0.17, and 0.24, respectively. The pooled CV of the collection efficiencies for the TI, GW, and TW at low concentration were 0.15, 0.19, and 0.36, respectively. The TI had significantly lower CVs than either of the other two wipes (p=0.0008). Though the TI was superior in terms of both accuracy and precision, it requires multiple preparation steps, which could lead to operational challenges in a large-scale study. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Deziel, Nicole C.; Viet, Susan M.; Rogers, John W.; Marker, David A.; Heikkinen, Maire S. A.] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Camann, David E.; Yau, Alice Y.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Stout, Daniel M., II] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dellarco, Michael] Natl Childrens Study, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Viet, SM (reprint author), WESTAT Corp, 1600 Res Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM susanviet@westat.com FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01HD53395] NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 20 BP 4442 EP 4448 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 825UB UT WOS:000295306500032 PM 21816452 ER PT J AU Huling, SG Ko, S Park, S Kan, E AF Huling, Scott G. Ko, Saebom Park, Saehan Kan, Eunsung TI Persulfate oxidation of MTBE- and chloroform-spent granular activated carbon SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Persulfate; Thermal; Oxidation; MTBE; Activated carbon ID FENTON-DRIVEN OXIDATION; REGENERATION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; KINETICS; TCE AB Activated persulfate (Na(2)S(2)O(8)) regeneration of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and chloroform-spent GAC was evaluated in this study. Thermal-activation of persulfate was effective and resulted in greater MTBE removal than either alkaline-activation or H(2)O(2)-persulfate binary mixtures. H(2)O(2) may serve multiple roles in oxidation mechanisms including Fenton-driven oxidation, and indirect activation of persulfate through thermal or ferrous iron activation mechanisms. More frequent, lower volume applications of persulfate solution (i.e., the persulfate loading rate), higher solid/solution ratio (g GAC mL(-1) solution), and higher persulfate concentration (mass loading) resulted in greater MTBE oxidation and removal. Chloroform oxidation was more effective in URVGAC compared to F400 GAC. This study provides baseline conditions that can be used to optimize pilot-scale persulfate-driven regeneration of contaminant-spent GAC. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Ko, Saebom] CNR, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Park, Saehan] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kan, Eunsung] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM huling.scott@epa.gov; ko.saebom@epa.gov; saeba100@hotmail.com; eunsung.kan@montana.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 11 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 192 IS 3 BP 1484 EP 1490 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.070 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 824XZ UT WOS:000295236800071 PM 21782339 ER PT J AU Naidu, MD Agarwal, R Pena, LA Cunha, L Mezei, M Shen, M Wilson, DM Liu, Y Sanchez, Z Chaudhary, P Wilson, SH Waring, MJ AF Naidu, Mamta D. Agarwal, Rakhi Pena, Louis A. Cunha, Luis Mezei, Mihaly Shen, Min Wilson, David M., III Liu, Yuan Sanchez, Zina Chaudhary, Pankaj Wilson, Samuel H. Waring, Michael J. TI Lucanthone and Its Derivative Hycanthone Inhibit Apurinic Endonuclease-1 (APE1) by Direct Protein Binding SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; DNA-POLYMERASE-BETA; RADIOTHERAPY IN-VITRO; MIRACIL-D; TOPOISOMERASE-II; CANCER CELLS; ABASIC ENDONUCLEASE; RADIATION-THERAPY; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; AUTOMATED DOCKING AB Lucanthone and hycanthone are thioxanthenone DNA intercalators used in the 1980s as antitumor agents. Lucanthone is in Phase I clinical trial, whereas hycanthone was pulled out of Phase II trials. Their potential mechanism of action includes DNA intercalation, inhibition of nucleic acid biosyntheses, and inhibition of enzymes like topoisomerases and the dual function base excision repair enzyme apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1). Lucanthone inhibits the endonuclease activity of APE1, without affecting its redox activity. Our goal was to decipher the precise mechanism of APE1 inhibition as a prerequisite towards development of improved therapeutics that can counteract higher APE1 activity often seen in tumors. The IC50 values for inhibition of APE1 incision of depurinated plasmid DNA by lucanthone and hycanthone were 5 mu M and 80 nM, respectively. The KD values (affinity constants) for APE1, as determined by BIACORE binding studies, were 89 nM for lucanthone/10 nM for hycanthone. APE1 structures reveal a hydrophobic pocket where hydrophobic small molecules like thioxanthenones can bind, and our modeling studies confirmed such docking. Circular dichroism spectra uncovered change in the helical structure of APE1 in the presence of lucanthone/hycanthone, and notably, this effect was decreased (Phe266Ala or Phe266Cys or Trp280Leu) or abolished (Phe266Ala/Trp280Ala) when hydrophobic site mutants were employed. Reduced inhibition by lucanthone of the diminished endonuclease activity of hydrophobic mutant proteins (as compared to wild type APE1) supports that binding of lucanthone to the hydrophobic pocket dictates APE1 inhibition. The DNA binding capacity of APE1 was marginally inhibited by lucanthone, and not at all by hycanthone, supporting our hypothesis that thioxanthenones inhibit APE1, predominantly, by direct interaction. Finally, lucanthone-induced degradation was drastically reduced in the presence of short and long lived free radical scavengers, e.g., TRIS and DMSO, suggesting that the mechanism of APE1 breakdown may involve free radical-induced peptide bond cleavage. C1 [Naidu, Mamta D.; Agarwal, Rakhi; Chaudhary, Pankaj] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Pena, Louis A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cunha, Luis] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY USA. [Mezei, Mihaly] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Struct & Chem Biol, New York, NY USA. [Shen, Min] NIH, NIH Chem Genom Ctr, Rockville, MD USA. [Wilson, David M., III] NIA, Lab Mol Gerontol, Biomed Res Ctr, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Liu, Yuan; Wilson, Samuel H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sanchez, Zina] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Waring, Michael J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Pharmacol, Cambridge CB2 1QJ, England. RP Naidu, MD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mnaidu@bnl.gov OI Naidu, Mamta/0000-0002-2754-2470; Chaudhary, Pankaj/0000-0002-0381-3635 FU DOE [KP-1401020/MO-079]; NIH [R01-CA86897]; National Institute on Aging; NIH, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES050158, Z01-ES050159]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by DOE grant KP-1401020/MO-079, NIH grant R01-CA86897, the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES050158 & Z01-ES050159). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; BNL is managed by Brookhaven Science Associates, L.L.C. for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 63 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e23679 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0023679 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 822JR UT WOS:000295041700001 PM 21935361 ER PT J AU Sternberg, RM Thoemke, KR Korte, JJ Moen, SM Olson, JM Korte, L Tietge, JE Degitz, SJ AF Sternberg, Robin M. Thoemke, Kara R. Korte, Joseph J. Moen, Scott M. Olson, Jessica M. Korte, Lisa Tietge, Joseph E. Degitz, Sigmund J., Jr. TI Control of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone synthesis and secretion by thyroid hormones during Xenopus metamorphosis SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HFT) axis; Thyroxine; 3,5,3 ',5 '-tetraiodothyronine (T4); 3,5,3 '-triiodothyronine (T3) ID THYROTROPIN SECRETION; NEGATIVE FEEDBACK; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; BULLFROG; LAEVIS; FROG; PROLACTIN; RELEASE; TSH AB We used ex vivo and in vivo experiments with Xenopus laevis tadpoles to examine the hypothesis that the set-point for negative feedback on pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) synthesis and secretion by thyroid hormones (THs) increases as metamorphosis progresses to allow for the previously documented concomitant increase in serum TH concentrations and pituitary TSH mRNA expression during this transformative process. First, pituitaries from climactic tadpoles were cultured for up to 96 h to characterize the ability of pituitary explants to synthesize and secrete TSH beta in the absence of hypothalamic and circulating hormones. Next, pituitary explants from tadpoles NF stages 54-66 were exposed to physiologically-relevant concentrations of THs to determine whether stage-specific differences exist in pituitary sensitivity to negative feedback by THs. Finally, in vivo exposures of tadpoles to THs were conducted to confirm the results of the ex vivo experiments. When pituitaries from climactic tadpoles were removed from the influence of endogenous hormones, TSH beta mRNA expression increased late or not at all whereas the rate of TSH beta secreted into media increased dramatically, suggesting that TSH secretion, but not TSH mRNA expression, is under the negative regulation of an endogenous signal during the climactic stages of metamorphosis. Pituitaries from pre- and prometamorphic tadpoles were more sensitive to TH-induced inhibition of TSH beta mRNA expression and secretion than pituitaries from climactic tadpoles. The observed decrease in sensitivity of pituitary TSH beta mRNA expression to negative feedback by THs from premetamorphosis to metamorphic climax was confirmed by in vivo experiments in which tadpoles were reared in water containing THs. Based on the results of this study, a model is proposed to explain the seemingly paradoxical, concurrent rise in serum TH concentrations and pituitary TSH mRNA expression during metamorphosis in larval anurans. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sternberg, Robin M.; Thoemke, Kara R.; Korte, Joseph J.; Moen, Scott M.; Olson, Jessica M.; Korte, Lisa; Tietge, Joseph E.; Degitz, Sigmund J., Jr.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Degitz, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM degitz.sigmund@epa.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 3 BP 428 EP 437 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.06.020 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 821ME UT WOS:000294978300008 PM 21803044 ER PT J AU Carriger, JF Barron, MG AF Carriger, John F. Barron, Mace G. TI Minimizing Risks from Spilled Oil to Ecosystem Services Using Influence Diagrams: The Deepwater Horizon Spill Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT DECISIONS; BAYESIAN NETWORKS; ECOLOGICAL RISK; CHALLENGES; MODELS AB Decision science tools can be used in evaluating response options and making inferences on risks to ecosystem services (ES) from ecological disasters. Influence diagrams (IDs) are probabilistic networks that explicitly represent the decisions related to a problem and their influence on desired or undesired outcomes. To examine how IDs might be useful in probabilistic risk management for spill response efforts, an ID was constructed to display the potential interactions between exposure events and the trade-offs between costs and ES impacts from spilled oil and response decisions in the DWH spill event. Quantitative knowledge was not formally incorporated but an ID platform for doing this was examined. Probabilities were assigned for conditional relationships in the ID and scenarios examining the impact of different response actions on components of spilled oil were investigated in hypothetical scenarios. Given the structure of the ID, potential knowledge gaps included understanding of the movement of oil, the ecological risk of different spill-related stressors to key receptors (e.g., endangered species, fisheries), and the need for stakeholder valuation of the ES benefits that could be impacted by a spill. Framing the Deepwater Horizon problem domain in an ID conceptualized important variables and relationships that could be optimally accounted for in preparing and managing responses in future spills. These features of the developed IDs may assist in better investigating the uncertainty, costs, and the tradeoffs if large-scale, deep ocean spills were to occur again. C1 [Carriger, John F.; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Carriger, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM carriger.john@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA FX We thank Eric D. Johnson and Susan H. Yee for helping with initial conceptual frameworks and DPSIR diagrams that assisted in establishing cause-effect linkages for the ID. This research was supported by the U.S. EPA and while reviewed according to EPA guidelines, it does not necessarily reflect EPA policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the US EPA. This is contribution No. 1420 from the U.S. EPA Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL. NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 18 BP 7631 EP 7639 DI 10.1021/es201037u PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 818XY UT WOS:000294791200006 PM 21875054 ER PT J AU Ridley, CE Hangelbroek, HH Wagenius, S Stanton-Geddes, J Shaw, RG AF Ridley, Caroline E. Hangelbroek, Helen H. Wagenius, Stuart Stanton-Geddes, John Shaw, Ruth G. TI The Effect of Plant Inbreeding and Stoichiometry on Interactions with Herbivores in Nature: Echinacea angustifolia and Its Specialist Aphid SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-VARIATION; INSECT HERBIVORE; POLLEN DISPERSAL; MIMULUS-GUTTATUS; TOP-DOWN; RESISTANCE; HISTORY; NITROGEN; FITNESS; GROWTH AB Fragmentation of once widespread communities may alter interspecific interactions by changing genetic composition of interacting populations as well as their abundances and spatial distributions. In a long-term study of a fragmented population of Echinacea angustifolia, a perennial plant native to the North American prairie, we investigated influences on its interaction with a specialist aphid and tending ants. We grew plant progeny of sib-matings (I), and of random pairings within (W) and between (B) seven remnants in a common field within 8 km of the source remnants. During the fifth growing season, we determined each plant's burden of aphids and ants, as well as its size and foliar elemental composition (C, N, P). We also assayed composition (C, N) of aphids and ants. Early in the season, progeny from genotypic classes B and I were twice as likely to harbor aphids, and in greater abundance, than genotypic class W; aphid loads were inversely related to foliar concentration of P and positively related to leaf N and plant size. At the end of the season, aphid loads were indistinguishable among genotypic classes. Ant abundance tracked aphid abundance throughout the season but showed no direct relationship with plant traits. Through its potential to alter the genotypic composition of remnant populations of Echinacea, fragmentation can increase Echinacea's susceptibility to herbivory by its specialist aphid and, in turn, perturb the abundance and distribution of aphids. C1 [Ridley, Caroline E.; Hangelbroek, Helen H.; Stanton-Geddes, John; Shaw, Ruth G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wagenius, Stuart] Chicago Bot Garden, Div Plant Sci & Conservat, Glencoe, IL USA. RP Ridley, CE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA USA. EM shawx016@umn.edu FU University of Minnesota Center for Community Genetics; Bell Museum of Natural History; Graduate School of the University of Minnesota; NSF [DEB-0544970, DEB-0545072, DMS-0083468] FX This research was initiated with funding from the University of Minnesota Center for Community Genetics, the Dayton and Wilkie Funds of the Bell Museum of Natural History, and the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota. NSF grants DEB-0544970, DEB-0545072, and DMS-0083468 supported acquisition of the data for this study (http://nsf.gov). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 13 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e24762 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0024762 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825ZV UT WOS:000295321800061 PM 21935460 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Ward, WO Liu, J Ren, HZ Vallanat, B Delker, D Corton, JC AF Lee, Janice S. Ward, William O. Liu, Jie Ren, Hongzu Vallanat, Beena Delker, Don Corton, J. Christopher TI Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme and Transporter Gene Expression through the Life Stages of the Mouse SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-METABOLISM; LYMPHOID NEOGENESIS; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; MAMMALIAN LIVER; RAT-LIVER; PHASE-II; MICE; AGE; PROFILES; ONTOGENY AB Background: Differences in responses to environmental chemicals and drugs between life stages are likely due in part to differences in the expression of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and transporters (XMETs). No comprehensive analysis of the mRNA expression of XMETs has been carried out through life stages in any species. Results: Using full-genome arrays, the mRNA expression of all XMETs and their regulatory proteins was examined during fetal (gestation day (GD) 19), neonatal (postnatal day (PND) 7), prepubescent (PND32), middle age (12 months), and old age (18 and 24 months) in the C57BL/6J (C57) mouse liver and compared to adults. Fetal and neonatal life stages exhibited dramatic differences in XMET mRNA expression compared to the relatively minor effects of old age. The total number of XMET probe sets that differed from adults was 636, 500, 84, 5, 43, and 102 for GD19, PND7, PND32, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months, respectively. At all life stages except PND32, under-expressed genes outnumbered over-expressed genes. The altered XMETs included those in all of the major metabolic and transport phases including introduction of reactive or polar groups (Phase I), conjugation (Phase II) and excretion (Phase III). In the fetus and neonate, parallel increases in expression were noted in the dioxin receptor, Nrf2 components and their regulated genes while nuclear receptors and regulated genes were generally down-regulated. Suppression of male-specific XMETs was observed at early (GD19, PND7) and to a lesser extent, later life stages (18 and 24 months). A number of female-specific XMETs exhibited a spike in expression centered at PND7. Conclusions: The analysis revealed dramatic differences in the expression of the XMETs, especially in the fetus and neonate that are partially dependent on gender-dependent factors. XMET expression can be used to predict life stage-specific responses to environmental chemicals and drugs. C1 [Lee, Janice S.; Ward, William O.; Ren, Hongzu; Vallanat, Beena; Delker, Don; Corton, J. Christopher] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Liu, Jie] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lee.janices@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX Work funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e24381 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0024381 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 819CK UT WOS:000294802800046 PM 21931700 ER PT J AU Young, A Jiang, MS Wang, Y Ahmedli, NB Ramirez, J Reese, BE Birnbaumer, L Farber, DB AF Young, Alejandra Jiang, Meisheng Wang, Ying Ahmedli, Novruz B. Ramirez, John Reese, Benjamin E. Birnbaumer, Lutz Farber, Debora B. TI Specific Interaction of G alpha i3 with the Oa1 G-Protein Coupled Receptor Controls the Size and Density of Melanosomes in Retinal Pigment Epithelium SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION SYSTEM; HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN; LINKED OCULAR ALBINISM; TRIMERIC G-PROTEINS; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAINS; GENE-PRODUCT; FUSION; EXPRESSION; BIOGENESIS; ACTIVATION AB Background: Ocular albinism type 1, an X-linked disease characterized by the presence of enlarged melanosomes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and abnormal crossing of axons at the optic chiasm, is caused by mutations in the OA1 gene. The protein product of this gene is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) localized in RPE melanosomes. The Oa1-/- mouse model of ocular albinism reproduces the human disease. Oa1 has been shown to immunoprecipitate with the G alpha i subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins from human skin melanocytes. However, the G alpha i subfamily has three highly homologous members, G alpha i1, G alpha i2 and G alpha i3 and it is possible that one or more of them partners with Oa1. We had previously shown by in-vivo studies that G alpha i3-/- and Oa1-/- mice have similar RPE phenotype and decussation patterns. In this paper we analyze the specificity of the Oa1-G alpha i interaction. Methodology: By using the genetic mouse models G alpha i1-/-, G alpha i2-/-, G alpha i3-/- and the double knockout G alpha i1-/-, G alpha i3-/- that lack functional G alpha i1, G alpha i2, G alpha i3, or both G alpha i1 and G alpha i3 proteins, respectively, we show that G alpha i3 is critical for the maintenance of a normal melanosomal phenotype and that its absence is associated with changes in melanosomal size and density. GST-pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays conclusively demonstrate that G alpha i3 is the only G alpha i that binds to Oa1. Western blots show that G alpha i3 expression is barely detectable in the Oa1-/- RPE, strongly supporting a previously unsuspected role for G alpha i3 in melanosomal biogenesis. Conclusion: Our results identify the Oa1 transducer G alpha i3 as the first downstream component in the Oa1 signaling pathway. C1 [Young, Alejandra; Ahmedli, Novruz B.; Ramirez, John; Farber, Debora B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Young, Alejandra; Farber, Debora B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Jiang, Meisheng; Wang, Ying] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Reese, Benjamin E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Young, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM farber@jsei.ucla.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [EY015141]; Vision of Children Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant EY015141 to DBF, BER, and MJ and by The Vision of Children Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 9 AR e24376 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0024376 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 819CK UT WOS:000294802800044 PM 21931697 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Guo, ZS Sparks, LE Roache, NF AF Liu, Xiaoyu Guo, Zhishi Sparks, Leslie E. Roache, Nancy F. TI VOC Sink Behaviour on Building Materials - Model Evaluation SO INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Building materials; Diffusion coefficients; Diffusion model; Equilibrium partition coefficients; Langmuir-isotherm model; Sink effect ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ADSORPTION/DESORPTION CHARACTERISTICS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; SORPTIVE INTERACTIONS; SOURCE/SINK BEHAVIOR; MATERIAL-SURFACES; INDOOR MATERIALS; EMISSIONS; VALIDATION AB The event of 11 September 2001 underscored the need to study the vulnerability of buildings to weapons of mass destruction, including chemical, biological, physical and radiological agents. Should these agents be released inside a building, they would interact with interior surfaces, building materials and furnishings, and could remain for a long period in an indoor environment. This study provides insights into the sink effect and absorption mechanisms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor environments. In this study, the sink effect was investigated with building materials (e. g. painted gypsum wallboard, vinyl flooring, carpet and mortar) and VOCs, ethylbenzene, 1-butanol, decane and dodecane, which were used as surrogates of toxic chemicals. Vinyl flooring has the strongest sink for ethylbenzene and dodecane. The sink experimental data were employed to evaluate the Langmuir-isotherm and diffusion sink models. Test data were also compared to a no-sink model. The sorption and desorption rate constants for the Langmuir-isotherm model were obtained. Mass balance was analysed. There were strong correlations between equilibrium partition coefficients from the Langmuir-isotherm model and equilibrium partition coefficients and the effective diffusion coefficients from the sink diffusion model. C1 [Liu, Xiaoyu; Guo, Zhishi] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Sparks, Leslie E.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Decontaminat & Consequence Management Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Roache, Nancy F.] ARCADIS, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM liu.xiaoyu@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank Akos Nemecz and Ryan Oliver, chemists from Kultech, for their assistance in sampling and sample analyses. The authors also acknowledge Richard L. Corsi, Neil Crain, John Fardal, John Little and Ying Xu for determining the equilibrium partition coefficients and effective diffusion coefficients for the tests. This study was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1420-326X J9 INDOOR BUILT ENVIRON JI Indoor Built Environ. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 20 IS 6 BP 661 EP 676 DI 10.1177/1420326X11409461 PG 16 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 858QB UT WOS:000297815700009 ER PT J AU Sipes, NS Padilla, S Knudsen, TB AF Sipes, Nisha S. Padilla, Stephanie Knudsen, Thomas B. TI Zebrafish-As an Integrative Model for Twenty-first Century Toxicity Testing SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART C-EMBRYO TODAY-REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE zebrafish embryo; developmental toxicity; ToxCast; ToxRefDB ID VERTEBRATE PAIRED APPENDAGES; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; DANIO-RERIO; TOXICOLOGY; CHEMICALS; EMBRYOS; RECONSTRUCTION; MICROSCOPY AB The zebrafish embryo is a useful small model for investigating vertebrate development because of its transparency, low cost, transgenic and morpholino capabilities, conservation of cell signaling, and concordance with mammalian developmental phenotypes. From these advantages, the zebrafish embryo has been considered as an alternative model for traditional in vivo developmental toxicity screening. The use of this organism in conjunction with traditional in vivo developmental toxicity testing has the potential to reduce cost and increase throughput of testing the chemical universe, prioritize chemicals for targeted toxicity testing, generate predictive models of developmental toxicants, and elucidate mechanisms and adverse outcome pathways for abnormal development. This review gives an overview of the zebrafish embryo for predictive toxicology and 21st century toxicity testing. Developmental eye defects were selected as an example to evaluate data from the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's ToxCast program comparing responses in zebrafish embryos with those from pregnant rats and rabbits for a subset of 24 environmental chemicals across >600 in vitro assay targets. Cross-species comparisons implied a common basis for biological pathways associated with neuronal defects, extracellular matrix remodeling, and mitotic arrest. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 93: 256-267, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Sipes, Nisha S.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sipes, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sipes.nisha@epa.gov NR 55 TC 90 Z9 100 U1 7 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-975X J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES C JI Birth Defects Res. Part C-Embryo Today-Rev. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 93 IS 3 SI SI BP 256 EP 267 DI 10.1002/bdrc.20214 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 845VY UT WOS:000296854800005 PM 21932434 ER PT J AU Li, ZH Villeneuve, DL Jensen, KM Ankley, GT Watanabe, KH AF Li, Zhenhong Villeneuve, Daniel L. Jensen, Kathleen M. Ankley, Gerald T. Watanabe, Karen H. TI A computational model for asynchronous oocyte growth dynamics in a batch-spawning fish SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TERM REPRODUCTION ASSAY; FATHEAD MINNOW; RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; 17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; VITELLOGENIN; GONADOTROPINS; MATURATION AB A computational model of oocyte growth dynamics (i.e., oocyte recruitment, growth, and spawning) in a batch-spawning fish, fathead minnow (FHM, Pimephales promelas), has been developed. The model provides a quantitative link between oocyte growth dynamics and biochemical processes in FHMs through the absorption of vitellogenin (a lipoprotein precursor of egg yolk proteins) into oocytes, which contributes significantly to oocyte growth in fish. The model simulates the number and volume of oocytes in different batches within a FHM ovary. Model-predicted clutch sizes and spawning intervals matched the experimental data well for both unexposed FHMs and FHMs exposed to 17 beta-trenbolone (a relatively stable metabolite of trenbolone acetate, a synthetic androgen used as a growth promoter in livestock). Overall, the model presents a novel approach to simulating oocyte growth dynamics in a batch-spawning fish and meets an urgent need in eco-toxicological studies to link the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals at a biochemical level to adverse effects upon reproduction. C1 [Li, Zhenhong; Watanabe, Karen H.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Dept Sci & Engn, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Watanabe, KH (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Dept Sci & Engn, West Campus, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. EM watanabe@ebs.ogi.edu RI li, zhenhong/B-1699-2014 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [RD-83184801-0]; National Center for Computational Toxicology of the USEPA Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported, in part, by grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Science to Achieve Results program (Cooperative Agreement RD-83184801-0) and by resources from the National Center for Computational Toxicology of the USEPA Office of Research and Development awarded to the Ecological Exposure Research and Ecosystem Research Divisions (National Exposure Research Laboratory) in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Athens, Georgia, respectively, and the Mid-Continent Ecology Division (National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) in Duluth, Minnesota. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to any formal USEPA review and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. The authors greatly appreciate input and insight from members of the Small Fish Computational Toxicology Team at the USEPA and from academe, Nancy D. Denslow (University of Florida) and Maria S. Sepulveda (Purdue University). The authors also thank two CJFAS reviewers, who helped to improve the quality of this manuscript, and the Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems at Oregon Health & Science University for their support. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 68 IS 9 BP 1528 EP 1538 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 837CS UT WOS:000296169300002 ER PT J AU Hester, SD Johnstone, AFM Boyes, WK Bushnell, PJ Shafer, TJ AF Hester, Susan D. Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Boyes, William K. Bushnell, Philip J. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Acute toluene exposure alters expression of genes in the central nervous system associated with synaptic structure and function SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toluene; Inhalation; Transcriptional changes ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; MOMENTARY BRAIN CONCENTRATION; RAT STRIATAL MEMBRANES; SIGNAL-DETECTION TASK; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; REPEATED INHALATION; GLUTAMATE-RECEPTOR; XENOPUS-OOCYTES; TRICHLOROETHYLENE TCE AB Toluene is a volatile organic compound (VOC) and a ubiquitous air pollutant of interest to EPA regulatory programs. Whereas its acute functional effects are well described, several modes of action in the CNS have been proposed. Therefore, we sought to identify potential pathways mediating direct or indirect effects of VOCs by investigating the genomic response of the rat CNS to acutely-inhaled toluene. Adult male Long-Evans rats inhaled clean air or 1000 ppm toluene vapor for 6 h. Specific brain regions were collected from the rats either immediately after 6 h of treatment or 18 h after removal from the exposure chambers (n = 6/group/time). Total mRNA was extracted from the striatum and hybridized to Rat 230A Affymetrix arrays. Statistical analyses showed 226 and 3352 transcripts altered in the toluene-exposed groups relative to controls at the 6 h time point and after the 18 h recovery period, respectively. Relative to controls, toluene exposure was associated with induction or repression of genes in pathways associated with synaptic plasticity, including long-term depression, GABA receptor signaling and mitochondrial function. In each of these pathways, responses were characterized by changes in a small number of transcripts following the 6 h toluene inhalation and with substantial increases in numbers of changed transcripts at 18 h recovery following termination of exposure. This report provides the first global genomic evidence that CNS pathways affected by toluene are strongly associated with neurological processes participating in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hester, Susan D.; Johnstone, Andrew F. M.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Boyes, William K.; Bushnell, Philip J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hester, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hester.susan@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.07.008 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 841VY UT WOS:000296544500001 PM 21827849 ER PT J AU Makris, SL AF Makris, Susan L. TI Report of the 35th annual meeting of the Neurobehavioral Teratology Society, 2011 SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM makris.susan@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2011 VL 33 IS 5 BP 603 EP 604 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 841VY UT WOS:000296544500011 ER PT J AU Caviness, GF Thigpen, JE Locklear, J Whiteside, T Murray, S Kissling, G Lih, F Tomer, K Grant, M Forsythe, D AF Caviness, G. F. Thigpen, J. E. Locklear, J. Whiteside, T. Murray, S. Kissling, G. Lih, F. Tomer, K. Grant, M. Forsythe, D. TI The Effects of Environmental Enrichment Devices Used in Rodent Cages on the Time of Vaginal Opening in Immature CD1 Mice SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caviness, G. F.; Thigpen, J. E.; Locklear, J.; Whiteside, T.; Murray, S.; Grant, M.; Forsythe, D.] NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kissling, G.; Lih, F.; Tomer, K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 744 EP 744 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 835XJ UT WOS:000296070000114 ER PT J AU Thigpen, JE Setchell, K Locklear, J Kissling, G Caviness, GF Whiteside, T Belcher, S Brown, N Collins, B Lih, F Tomer, K Grant, M Forsythe, D AF Thigpen, J. E. Setchell, K. Locklear, J. Kissling, G. Caviness, G. F. Whiteside, T. Belcher, S. Brown, N. Collins, B. Lih, F. Tomer, K. Grant, M. Forsythe, D. TI The Effects of Bisphenol A on the Timing of Vaginal Opening in CD1 Mice Fed a High- or Low-Phytoestrogen Diet SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thigpen, J. E.; Locklear, J.; Caviness, G. F.; Whiteside, T.; Grant, M.; Forsythe, D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kissling, G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Collins, B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lih, F.; Tomer, K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Struct Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Setchell, K.; Brown, N.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Belcher, S.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 744 EP 744 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 835XJ UT WOS:000296070000115 ER PT J AU Myers, PH Blankenship, TL Thigpen, JE Rios, M Locklear, J Feldman, SH Grant, M Forsythe, D AF Myers, P. H. Blankenship, T. L. Thigpen, J. E. Rios, M. Locklear, J. Feldman, S. H. Grant, M. Forsythe, D. TI Septicemia Associated with the Opportunistic Bacteria Burkholderia cepacia in Cybb Mice SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Myers, P. H.; Blankenship, T. L.; Rios, M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, Vet Med Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Thigpen, J. E.; Locklear, J.; Grant, M.; Forsythe, D.] NIH, Comparat Med Branch, Qual Assurance Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Feldman, S. H.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Comparat Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 754 EP 754 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 835XJ UT WOS:000296070000160 ER PT J AU Whiteside, T Thigpen, JE Locklear, J Caviness, GF Murray, S Grant, M Forsythe, D AF Whiteside, T. Thigpen, J. E. Locklear, J. Caviness, G. F. Murray, S. Grant, M. Forsythe, D. TI Animal Care Staff Exposure to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Commercial Rodent Populations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Whiteside, T.; Thigpen, J. E.; Locklear, J.; Caviness, G. F.; Murray, S.; Grant, M.; Forsythe, D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Qual Assurance Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 757 EP 757 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 835XJ UT WOS:000296070000174 ER PT J AU Locklear, J Thigpen, JE Caviness, GF Whiteside, T Saunders, H Grant, M Forsythe, D AF Locklear, J. Thigpen, J. E. Caviness, G. F. Whiteside, T. Saunders, H. Grant, M. Forsythe, D. TI The Incidence of Mouse Hepatitis Virus and Helicobacter Species in Wild Rodents and Wildlife Species around an Animal Research Facility SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Locklear, J.; Thigpen, J. E.; Caviness, G. F.; Whiteside, T.; Saunders, H.; Grant, M.; Forsythe, D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 799 EP 799 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 835XJ UT WOS:000296070000362 ER PT J AU John, RP Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Surampalli, RY Prevost, D AF John, Rojan P. Tyagi, R. D. Brar, S. K. Surampalli, R. Y. Prevost, Danielle TI Bio-encapsulation of microbial cells for targeted agricultural delivery SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Biofertilizer; encapsulation technology; microencapsulation; shelf-life; controlled release ID GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA; SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS; YAROWIA-LIPOLYTICA; ALGINATE PELLETS; MICROENCAPSULATION PROPERTIES; INOCULANT PRODUCTION; ENTRAPPED RHIZOBIUM AB Biofertilizers, namely Rhizobium and biocontrol agents such as Pseudomonas and Trichoderma have been well established in the field of agricultural practices for many decades. Nevertheless, research is still going on in the field of inoculant production to find methods to improve advanced formulation and application in fields. Conventionally used solid and liquid formulations encompass several problems with respect to the low viability of microorganisms during storage and field application. There is also lack of knowledge regarding the best carrier in conventional formulations. Immobilization of microorganisms however improves their shelf-life and field efficacy. In this context, microencapsulation is an advanced technology which has the possibility to overcome the drawbacks of other formulations, results in extended shelf-life, and controlled microbial release from formulations enhancing their application efficacy. This review discusses different microencapsulation technologies including the production strategies and application thereof in agricultural practices. C1 [John, Rojan P.; Tyagi, R. D.; Brar, S. K.] INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. [Prevost, Danielle] Agr & Agroalimentaire Canada, Ste Foy, PQ, Canada. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca OI P. John, Rojan/0000-0002-9703-1238 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984]; MAPAQ [807150]; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT) FX The authors would like to thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair), MAPAQ (807150). One of the authors, RPJ, would like to thank the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), for the postdoctoral fellowship under the programme "Programme de bourses d'excellence pour etudiants etrangers". NR 114 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 95 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0738-8551 EI 1549-7801 J9 CRIT REV BIOTECHNOL JI Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 31 IS 3 BP 211 EP 226 DI 10.3109/07388551.2010.513327 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 809LO UT WOS:000294057500002 PM 20879835 ER PT J AU Weltz, MA Jolley, L Goodrich, D Boykin, K Nearing, M Stone, J Guertin, P Hernandez, M Spaeth, K Pierson, F Morris, C Kepner, B AF Weltz, Mark A. Jolley, Leonard Goodrich, Dave Boykin, Ken Nearing, Mark Stone, Jeff Guertin, Phil Hernandez, Mariano Spaeth, Ken Pierson, Fred Morris, Christo Kepner, Bill TI Techniques for assessing the environmental outcomes of conservation practices applied to rangeland watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL RESOURCES INVENTORY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; MODELS C1 [Weltz, Mark A.; Morris, Christo] USDA ARS, Reno, NV USA. [Jolley, Leonard] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. [Goodrich, Dave; Nearing, Mark; Stone, Jeff] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. [Boykin, Ken] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Guertin, Phil; Hernandez, Mariano] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Spaeth, Ken] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Pierson, Fred] USDA ARS, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Kepner, Bill] US EPA, Off Res Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Weltz, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Reno, NV USA. RI Boykin, Kenneth/D-2863-2009; Goodrich, David/B-1763-2009 OI Boykin, Kenneth/0000-0001-6381-0463; Goodrich, David/0000-0001-7735-1448 FU USDA; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FX Support for this research as provided by the USDA Rangeland Research Program and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Effects Assessment Program. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 16 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2011 VL 66 IS 5 BP 154A EP 162A DI 10.2489/jswc.66.5.154A PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 828LN UT WOS:000295502600005 ER PT J AU Haninger, K Hammitt, JK AF Haninger, Kevin Hammitt, James K. TI Diminishing Willingness to Pay per Quality-Adjusted Life Year: Valuing Acute Foodborne Illness SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Foodborne illness; health risk; quality-adjusted life year; stated preference; willingness to pay ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; CONTINGENT VALUATION; HEALTH-STATUS; MORTALITY-RISK; UTILITY-FUNCTIONS; STATISTICAL LIFE; PROSPECT-THEORY; PREFERENCE; QALYS; MULTIATTRIBUTE AB We design and conduct a stated-preference survey to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce foodborne risk of acute illness and to test whether WTP is proportional to the corresponding gain in expected quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). If QALYs measure utility for health, then economic theory requires WTP to be nearly proportional to changes in both health quality and duration of illness and WTP could be estimated by multiplying the expected change in QALYs by an appropriate monetary value. WTP is elicited using double-bounded, dichotomous-choice questions in which respondents (randomly selected from the U. S. general adult population, n = 2,858) decide whether to purchase a more expensive food to reduce the risk of foodborne illness. Health risks vary by baseline probability of illness, reduction in probability, duration and severity of illness, and conditional probability of mortality. The expected gain in QALYs is calculated using respondent-assessed decrements in health-related quality of life if ill combined with the duration of illness and reduction in probability specified in the survey. We find sharply diminishing marginal WTP for severity and duration of illness prevented. Our results suggest that individuals do not have a constant rate of WTP per QALY, which implies that WTP cannot be accurately estimated by multiplying the change in QALYs by an appropriate monetary value. C1 [Haninger, Kevin; Hammitt, James K.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Risk Anal, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Haninger, Kevin] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hammitt, James K.] Toulouse Sch Econ LERNA INRA, F-31000 Toulouse, France. RP Hammitt, JK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Ctr Risk Anal, 718 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jkh@harvard.edu FU Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; INRA; European Research Council under the European Community [230589] FX This work was supported by the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and conducted while Kevin Haninger was at the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis. We thank Pierre Dubois, Joni Hersch, Nicolas Treich, W. Kip Viscusi, Milton Weinstein, Ian Bateman, and the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Additional financial support was provided by INRA and the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) Grant Agreement No. 230589. NR 59 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1363 EP 1380 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01617.x PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 826VZ UT WOS:000295384900005 PM 21488924 ER PT J AU Simmons, SO AF Simmons, Steven O. TI Fireflies in the Coalmine: Luciferase Technologies in Next-Generation Toxicity Testing SO COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY & HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING LA English DT Article DE High throughput Screening; luciferase; luminescence; reporter genes; toxicity testing ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; VITRO CYTOTOXICITY ASSAYS; CELLULAR STRESS-RESPONSE; MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY; REPORTER GENE ASSAYS; NF-KAPPA-B; IN-VITRO; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; DRUG DISCOVERY; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Whole-animal studies have been the mainstay of toxicity testing for decades. These approaches are too expensive and laborious to effectively characterize all of the chemicals currently in commercial use. In addition, there are social and ethical pressures to reduce, refine and replace animal testing in toxicology. The National Research Council (NRC) has outlined a new strategy to transition from animal-based tests to high throughput, cell-based assays and computational modeling approaches to characterize chemical toxicants. Critical to this vision, assays that measure toxicity pathways associated with adverse health effects must be developed. Bioluminescent assays are particularly well suited to the demands of next-generation toxicity testing because they measure a wide range of biological activities in a quantitative and high throughput manner. This review describes the limitations of traditional, animal-based toxicity testing and discusses the current and developing uses of bioluminescent technologies in next-generation testing based on three general assay formats: luciferase-limited assays, ATP-limited assays and luciferin-limited assays. C1 US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simmons, SO (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Simmons.Steve@epa.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 NR 136 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 7 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1386-2073 J9 COMB CHEM HIGH T SCR JI Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen PD SEP PY 2011 VL 14 IS 8 BP 688 EP 702 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Applied; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 827DU UT WOS:000295408300005 PM 21564016 ER PT J AU Yang, IV Jiang, WW Rutledge, HR Lackford, B Warg, LA De Arras, L Alper, S Schwartz, DA Pisetsky, DS AF Yang, Ivana V. Jiang, Weiwen Rutledge, Holly R. Lackford, Brad Warg, Laura A. De Arras, Lesly Alper, Scott Schwartz, David A. Pisetsky, David S. TI Identification of novel innate immune genes by transcriptional profiling of macrophages stimulated with TLR ligands SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Innate immunity; Gene expression; RNA interference; Lipopolysaccharide; Poly (I:C); CpG DNA; PLEC1; TPST1 ID POLYINOSINIC-POLYCYTIDYLIC ACID; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; CPG DNA; EXPRESSION; RELEASE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; APOPTOSIS; SULFATION; PATTERN; HMGB1 AB Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key receptors in innate immunity and trigger responses following interaction with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9 recognize double stranded RNA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG DNA, respectively. These receptors differ importantly in downstream adaptor molecules. TLR4 signals through MyD88 and TRIF; in contrast, the TLR3 pathway involves only TRIF while TLR9 signals solely through MyD88. To determine how differences in downstream signaling could influence gene expression in innate immunity, gene expression patterns were determined for the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line stimulated with LPS, poly (I:C), or CpG DNA. Gene expression profiles 6 and 24h post-stimulation were analyzed to determine genes, pathways and transcriptional networks induced. As these experiments showed, the number and extent of genes expressed varied with stimulus. LPS and poly (I:C) induced an abundant array of genes in RAW264.7 cells at 6h and 24 h following treatment while CpG DNA induced many fewer. By analyzing data for networks and pathways, we prioritized differentially expressed genes with respect to those common to the three TLR ligands as well as those shared by LPS and poly (I:C) but not CpG DNA. The importance of changes in gene expression was demonstrated by experiments indicating that RNA interference-mediated inhibition of two genes identified in this analysis, PLEC1 and TPST1, reduced IL-6 production by J774A.1 and RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS. Together, these findings delineate macrophage gene response patterns induced by different PAMPs and identify new genes that have not previously been implicated in innate immunity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Ivana V.; Warg, Laura A.; De Arras, Lesly; Alper, Scott; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Yang, Ivana V.; Schwartz, David A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Med, Aurora, CO 80010 USA. [Jiang, Weiwen; Pisetsky, David S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Jiang, Weiwen; Pisetsky, David S.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Rutledge, Holly R.; Lackford, Brad] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Alper, Scott; Schwartz, David A.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Alper, Scott; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Integrated Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80206 USA. RP Yang, IV (reprint author), Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206 USA. EM yangi@njhealth.org FU NIH; National Institute of the Environmental Health Sciences; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute; VA Merit Review grant; American Lung Association [RG-169529-N] FX This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of the Environmental Health Sciences and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, a VA Merit Review grant, and American Lung Association grant RG-169529-N. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 48 IS 15-16 BP 1886 EP 1895 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.05.015 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 826ZY UT WOS:000295395300019 PM 21665277 ER PT J AU Cuneo, MJ Gabel, SA Krahn, JM Ricker, MA London, RE AF Cuneo, Matthew J. Gabel, Scott A. Krahn, Joseph M. Ricker, Melissa A. London, Robert E. TI The structural basis for partitioning of the XRCC1/DNA ligase III-alpha BRCT-mediated dimer complexes SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA-REPAIR PROTEIN; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; DIFFRACTION DATA; TERMINAL DOMAIN; INTERACTS; POLYMERASE; SCATTERING; STABILITY; REGION; XRCC4 AB The ultimate step common to almost all DNA repair pathways is the ligation of the nicked intermediate to form contiguous double-stranded DNA. In the mammalian nucleotide and base excision repair pathways, the ligation step is carried out by ligase III-alpha. For efficient ligation, ligase III-alpha is constitutively bound to the scaffolding protein XRCC1 through interactions between the C-terminal BRCT domains of each protein. Although structural data for the individual domains has been available, no structure of the complex has been determined and several alternative proposals for this interaction have been advanced. Interpretation of the models is complicated by the formation of homodimers that, depending on the model, may either contribute to, or compete with heterodimer formation. We report here the structures of both homodimer complexes as well as the heterodimer complex. Structural characterization of the heterodimer formed from a longer XRCC1 BRCT domain construct, including residues comprising the interdomain linker region, revealed an expanded heterodimer interface with the ligase III-alpha BRCT domain. This enhanced linker-mediated binding interface plays a significant role in the determination of heterodimer/homodimer selectivity. These data provide fundamental insights into the structural basis of BRCT-mediated dimerization, and resolve questions related to the organization of this important repair complex. C1 [Cuneo, Matthew J.; Gabel, Scott A.; Krahn, Joseph M.; Ricker, Melissa A.; London, Robert E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP London, RE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM london@niehs.nih.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886, W-31-109-Eng-38]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health; [Z01-ES050111] FX Use of the X9 beamline is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Data were collected at Southeast Regional Collaborative Access Team (SER-CAT) 22-ID (or 22-BM) beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. Funding for open access charge: The Research Project (Number Z01-ES050111 to R.E.L.); Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 39 IS 17 BP 7816 EP 7827 DI 10.1093/nar/gkr419 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 824EI UT WOS:000295184800045 PM 21652643 ER PT J AU Loux, NT Su, YS Hassan, SM AF Loux, Nicholas T. Su, Yee San Hassan, Sayed M. TI Issues in Assessing Environmental Exposures to Manufactured Nanomaterials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE manufactured nanomaterials; atmospheric emissions; aquatic emissions; ultrafine particles; DLVO theory; zeta potential; Critical Coagulation Concentration ID PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; HAMAKER CONSTANTS; RESIDENCE TIME; DRY DEPOSITION; FAR-FIELD; WATER; INTERFACE; PARTICLE; GASES; OXIDE AB Manufactured nanomaterials (MNs) are commonly considered to be commercial products possessing at least one dimension in the size range of 10(-9) m to 10(-7) m. As particles in this size range represent the smaller fraction of colloidal particles characterized by dimensions of 10(-9) m to 10(-6) m, they differ from both molecular species and bulk particulate matter in the sense that they are unlikely to exhibit significant settling under normal gravitational conditions and they are also likely to exhibit significantly diminished diffusivities (when compared to truly dissolved species) in environmental media. As air/water, air/soil, and water/soil intermedium transport is governed by diffusive processes in the absence of significant gravitational and inertial impaction processes in environmental systems, models of MN environmental intermedium transport behavior will likely require an emphasis on kinetic approaches. This review focuses on the likely environmental fate and transport of MNs in atmospheric and aquatic systems. Should significant atmospheric MNs emission occur, previous observations suggest that MNs may likely exhibit an atmospheric residence time of ten to twenty days. Moreover, while atmospheric MN aggregates in a size range of 10(-7) m to 10(-6) m will likely be most mobile, they are least likely to deposit in the human respiratory system. An examination of various procedures including the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory of colloidal particle suspension stability in water indicates that more sophisticated approaches may be necessary in order to develop aquatic exposure models of acceptable uncertainty. In addition, concepts such as Critical Coagulation Concentrations and Critical Zeta Potentials may prove to be quite useful in environmental aquatic exposure assessments. C1 [Loux, Nicholas T.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, ERD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Su, Yee San] CNA, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA. [Hassan, Sayed M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Loux, NT (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, ERD, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM loux.nick@epa.gov; suy@cna.org; shassan@uga.edu OI Hassan, Sayed/0000-0003-4713-0892 FU U.S. Environmental Protection agency through Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here and subjected it to Agency review. Although it has been approved for publication, it does not necessarily represent official agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not represent endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2011 VL 8 IS 9 BP 3562 EP 3578 DI 10.3390/ijerph8093562 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 824PL UT WOS:000295214300004 PM 22016703 ER PT J AU Chahine, T Schultz, BD Zartarian, VG Xue, JP Subramanian, SV Levy, JI AF Chahine, Teresa Schultz, Bradley D. Zartarian, Valerie G. Xue, Jianping Subramanian, S. V. Levy, Jonathan I. TI Modeling Joint Exposures and Health Outcomes for Cumulative Risk Assessment: The Case of Radon and Smoking SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE residential radon; indoor air; cumulative exposure; risk assessment; lung cancer; combined risks; health disparities; disadvantaged communities; vulnerable populations; risk-based decisions ID TUS-CPS 1998-1999; LUNG-CANCER; INDOOR RADON; RESIDENTIAL RADON; RACIAL/ETHNIC VARIATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; US; POPULATION; PREDICTION AB Community-based cumulative risk assessment requires characterization of exposures to multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors, with consideration of how the non-chemical stressors may influence risks from chemical stressors. Residential radon provides an interesting case example, given its large attributable risk, effect modification due to smoking, and significant variability in radon concentrations and smoking patterns. In spite of this fact, no study to date has estimated geographic and sociodemographic patterns of both radon and smoking in a manner that would allow for inclusion of radon in community-based cumulative risk assessment. In this study, we apply multi-level regression models to explain variability in radon based on housing characteristics and geological variables, and construct a regression model predicting housing characteristics using U.S. Census data. Multi-level regression models of smoking based on predictors common to the housing model allow us to link the exposures. We estimate county-average lifetime lung cancer risks from radon ranging from 0.15 to 1.8 in 100, with high-risk clusters in areas and for subpopulations with high predicted radon and smoking rates. Our findings demonstrate the viability of screening-level assessment to characterize patterns of lung cancer risk from radon, with an approach that can be generalized to multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors. C1 [Chahine, Teresa; Subramanian, S. V.; Levy, Jonathan I.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Schultz, Bradley D.; Zartarian, Valerie G.; Xue, Jianping] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Levy, Jonathan I.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Chahine, T (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM tchahine@post.harvard.edu; schultz.brad@epa.gov; zartarian.valerie@epa.gov; xue.jianping@epa.gov; svsubram@hsph.harvard.edu; jonlevy@bu.edu RI Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011 OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006 FU EPA [EP09D000560] FX This research was supported by EPA Student Services Contract #EP09D000560. The authors would like to thank R. Randall Schumann and Phillip N. Price for sharing their previous work. We also gratefully acknowledge John Spengler and James Hammitt of the Harvard School of Public Health for their technical input; and Andrew Geller of EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, for providing technical review of the paper. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2011 VL 8 IS 9 BP 3688 EP 3711 DI 10.3390/ijerph8093688 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 824PL UT WOS:000295214300011 PM 22016710 ER PT J AU Ewing, R Greenwald, M Zhang, M Walters, J Feldman, M Cervero, R Frank, L Thomas, J AF Ewing, Reid Greenwald, Michael Zhang, Ming Walters, Jerry Feldman, Mark Cervero, Robert Frank, Lawrence Thomas, John TI Traffic Generated by Mixed-Use Developments-Six-Region Study Using Consistent Built Environmental Measures SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Mixed-use development; Trip generation; Internal capture; Traffic impact assessment ID LAND-USE; TRAVEL DEMAND; DESIGN AB Current methods of traffic impact analysis, which rely on rates and adjustments from the Institute of Transportation Engineers, are believed to understate the traffic benefits of mixed-use developments (MXDs), leading to higher exactions and development fees than necessary and discouraging otherwise desirable developments. The purpose of this study is to create new methodology for more accurately predicting the traffic impacts of MXDs. Standard protocols were used to identify and generate data sets for MXDs in six large and diverse metropolitan regions. Data from household travel surveys and geographic information system (GIS) databases were pooled for these MXDs, and travel and built environmental variables were consistently defined across regions. Hierarchical modeling was used to estimate models for internal capture of trips within MXDs, walking and transit use on external trips, and trip length for external automobile trips. MXDs with diverse activities on-site are shown to capture a large share of trips internally, reducing their traffic impacts relative to conventional suburban developments. Smaller MXDs in walkable areas with good transit access generate significant shares of walk and transit trips, thus also mitigating traffic impacts. Centrally located MXDs, small and large, generate shorter vehicle trips, which reduces their impacts relative to outlying developments. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000068. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Ewing, Reid] Univ Utah, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA. [Greenwald, Michael] Lane Council Govt, Eugene, OR 97401 USA. [Greenwald, Michael] Urban Design 4 Hlth Inc, Seattle, WA 98145 USA. [Zhang, Ming] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Walters, Jerry; Feldman, Mark] Fehr & Peers, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 USA. [Cervero, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Frank, Lawrence] Univ British Columbia, Sch Environm Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Thomas, John] US EPA, Off Sustainable Communities, Washington, DC USA. RP Ewing, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, 375 S,1530 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA. EM ewing@arch.utah.edu; mgreenwald@lcog.org; zhangm@mail.utexas.edu; j.walters@fehrandpeers.com; m.feldman@fehrandpeers.com; robertc@berkeley.edu; ldfrank@interchange.ubc.ca; thomas.john@epa.gov NR 21 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 27 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9488 J9 J URBAN PLAN D-ASCE JI J. Urban Plan. Dev.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2011 VL 137 IS 3 BP 248 EP 261 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000068 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Urban Studies SC Engineering; Urban Studies GA 818WL UT WOS:000294786500005 ER PT J AU Mccue, MD Smith, A McKinney, R Rewald, B Pinshow, B McWilliams, SR AF McCue, Marshall D. Smith, Adam McKinney, Richard Rewald, Boris Pinshow, Berry McWilliams, Scott R. TI A Mass Balance Approach to Identify and Compare Differential Routing of C-13-Labeled Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins In Vivo SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSES; FATTY-ACIDS; AMINO-ACIDS; ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY; OXIDATIVE KINETICS; DIETARY NUTRIENTS; SPARROW INTESTINE; ZEBRA FINCHES; BIRDS AB All animals route assimilated nutrients to their tissues where they are used to support growth or are oxidized for energy. These nutrients are probably not allocated homogeneously among the various tissue and are more likely to be preferentially routed toward some tissues and away from others. Here we introduce an approach that allows researchers to identify and compare nutrient routing among different organs and tissues. We tested this approach by examining nutrient routing in birds. House sparrows Passer domesticus were fed a meal supplemented with one of seven C-13-labeled metabolic tracers representing three major classes of macronutrients, namely, carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids. While these birds became postabsorptive (2 h after feeding), we quantified the isotopic enrichment of the lean and lipid fractions of several organs and tissues. We then compared the actual C-13 enrichment of various tissue fractions with the predictions of our model to identify instances where nutrients were differentially routed and found that different classes of macronutrients are uniquely routed throughout the body. Recently ingested amino acids were preferentially routed to the lean fraction of the liver, whereas exogenous carbohydrates were routed to the brain and the lipid fraction of the liver. Fatty acids were definitively routed to the heart and the liver, although high levels of palmitic acid were also recovered in the adipose tissue. Tracers belonging to the same class of molecules were not always routed identically, illustrating how this technique is also suited to examine differences in nonoxidative fates of closely related molecules. Overall, this general approach allows researchers to test heretofore unexamined predictions about how animals allocate the nutrients they ingest. C1 [McCue, Marshall D.] St Marys Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Smith, Adam; McWilliams, Scott R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [McKinney, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Rewald, Boris] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, French Assoc Inst Agr & Biotechnol Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. [Pinshow, Berry] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. RP Mccue, MD (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM mmccue1@stmarytx.edu RI Smith, Adam/F-9828-2011; McWilliams, Scott/B-8728-2013; Rewald, Boris/A-7315-2011; McCue, Marshall/A-6227-2011 OI McWilliams, Scott/0000-0002-9727-1151; Rewald, Boris/0000-0001-8098-0616; McCue, Marshall/0000-0003-1255-285X FU U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation [2005119]; Blaustein Postdoctoral Fellowships FX We thank Miriam Ben-Hamo, Oren Amitai, and Victoria Liberman for assistance harvesting tissues; other members of the Pinshow Lab for help with animal care; and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This work was funded by a U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation grant (2005119) awarded to B. P. and S. R. M. and Blaustein Postdoctoral Fellowships awarded to M. D. M. and B. R. All experiments were done under permit of the Israel Nature and National Parks Protection Authority (30993). This is publication 734 of the Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1522-2152 J9 PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL JI Physiol. Biochem. Zool. PD SEP-OCT PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 506 EP 513 DI 10.1086/661638 PG 8 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA 822IO UT WOS:000295038000006 PM 21897087 ER PT J AU Maynard, JJ O'Geen, AT Dahlgren, RA AF Maynard, Jonathan J. O'Geen, Anthony T. Dahlgren, Randy A. TI Sulfide Induced Mobilization of Wetland Phosphorus Depends Strongly on Redox and Iron Geochemistry SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; FE(III) OXIDE REDUCTION; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; PHOSPHATE SORPTION; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; BUFFERING CAPACITY; NATURAL-WATERS AB Constructed and restored wetland soils play a key role in the cycling and retention of nutrients from polluted surface waters. Elevated SO42- loading from irrigated agriculture, however, has been shown to affect both the availability and mobility of P in wetland soils. This study investigated the biogeochemical cycling of Fe, S, and P in wetland pore waters and surface soils, to determine the role of sulfides in inducing mobilization of P in a constructed wetland in the Central Valley of California (CVC). Water column, pore-water, and solid-phase soil chemistry were measured at three sites, representing a range in wetland environmental conditions (i.e., sediment and nutrient loading, redox environment, and Fe-S-P geochemistry). High SO42- concentration and active SO42- reduction in wetland pore waters contributed to elevated pore water PO43- concentration (0.42-1.29 mg L-1) via SO42- induced P mobilization. Although high concentrations of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) were present in the surface (0-5 cm) layer ((x) over bar : 6.5-10.3 mu mol g(-1)), only similar to 8% of the labile Fe pool was S-2-bound, leaving sufficient Fe to buff er S2-. Additionally, surface soils experienced a three- to four-fold increase in P sorption index (PSI) under anaerobic versus aerobic conditions. Results from solid-phase chemical extractions and chemical equilibrium modeling showed that this higher PSI may be due to the conversion of crystalline Fe(III) oxides to poorly crystalline forms, the preservation of Fe(III) oxides due to kinetic constraints on microbial Fe reduction, and the formation of Fe(II) oxides. This study demonstrates that mineral dominated wetlands with sufficient Fe to buffer both dissolved sulfide and PO43- concentrations, can limit the effects of high SO42- loading and SO42- reduction on the mobilization and flux of soil PO43- to the wetland water column. C1 [Maynard, Jonathan J.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [O'Geen, Anthony T.; Dahlgren, Randy A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Maynard, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM maynard.jonathan@epa.gov FU California State Water Resources Control Board; Kearney Foundation of Soil Science FX Funding for this project was provided through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Mickey Saso for his cooperation and support. We also thank Jiayou Deng for help with field sampling and laboratory analysis. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 35 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1986 EP 1999 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0031 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 819FJ UT WOS:000294810500038 ER PT J AU Cho, SH Richmond-Bryant, J Thornburg, J Portzer, J Vanderpool, R Cavender, K Rice, J AF Cho, Seung-Hyun Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Thornburg, Jonathan Portzer, Jeff Vanderpool, Robert Cavender, Kevin Rice, Joann TI A literature review of concentrations and size distributions of ambient airborne Pb-containing particulate matter SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Lead; Pb; Particulate matter; PM; Particle size distribution; Concentrations ID DRY DEPOSITION; PARTICLE-SIZE; TRACE-METALS; HEAVY-METALS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; LOS-ANGELES; AIR; LEAD; ELEMENTS AB The final 2008 lead (Pb) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) revision maintains Pb in total suspended particulate matter as the indicator. However, the final rule permits the use of low-volume PM(10) (particulate matter sampled with a 50% cut-point of 10 mu m) Federal Reference Method (FRM) monitors in lieu of total suspended particulate (TSP) monitors for some non-source-oriented monitoring. PM(10) FRM monitors are known to provide more reliable concentration measurements than TSP samplers because they are omni-directional samplers and so are not biased by wind conditions. However, by design they exclude the upper tail of the particle size distribution. Hence, each monitor produces uncertainties about measured concentrations of Pb-bearing PM. Uncertainties in reported Pb data are also related to spatiotemporal variation of the concentration and size distribution of Pb-bearing PM. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review was performed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the concentration and size distribution of Pb particles in the atmosphere. The objectives of this review were to compile data that could shed light on these uncertainties, to provide insights useful during future Pb NAAQS reviews, and to identify areas where more research is needed. Results of this review indicated that Pb size distribution data are relatively limited and often outdated. Thirty-nine articles were found to have sufficiently detailed information regarding airborne Pb concentrations, study location, sample collection methods, and analytical techniques; only 16 of those papers reported Pb concentration data for multiple size fractions. For the most part. U.S. and European studies from the last forty years illustrate that the largest mode of the size distribution of airborne particle-bound Pb has shifted to larger sizes while airborne Pb concentrations have decreased in urban areas. This shift occurred as tetraethyl Pb additives in gasoline were phased out and industrial emissions and resuspended road dust became more important sources of Pb. Several studies also suggested the occurrence of long-range transport of Pb-bearing PM from industrial emissions. Uncertainties associated with these studies include influence of wind speed and direction on captured concentrations and variability in analytical techniques used to quantify Pb concentrations on the reported size distributions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cho, Seung-Hyun; Thornburg, Jonathan; Portzer, Jeff] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Vanderpool, Robert] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cavender, Kevin; Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Richmond-Bryant, J (reprint author), RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM richmond-bryant.jennifer@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through Office of Research and Development [EP-05-D-065] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and conducted the research under contract EP-05-D-065. This review was a collaborative effort between the U.S. EPA, RTI International, and Alion Science & Technology. Although this work was reviewed by the U.S. EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors wish to thank Dr. Stephen McDow for his insightful review of this manuscript. NR 58 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 71 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 45 IS 28 BP 5005 EP 5015 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.009 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 807WN UT WOS:000293933800021 ER PT J AU Van Cuyk, S Veal, LAB Simpson, B Omberg, KM AF Van Cuyk, Sheila Veal, Lee Ann B. Simpson, Beverley Omberg, Kristin M. TI TRANSPORT OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. KURSTAKI VIA FOMITES SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANTHRAX; ENVIRONMENT; SPORES AB The intentional and controlled release of an aerosolized bacterium provides an opportunity to investigate the implications of a biological attack. Since 2006, Los Alamos National Laboratory has worked with several urban areas, including Fairfax County, VA, to design experiments to evaluate biodefense concepts of operations using routine spraying of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk). Btk is dispersed in large quantities as a slurry to control the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. Understanding whether personnel and equipment pick up residual contamination during sampling activities and transport it to other areas is critical for the formulation of appropriate response and recovery plans. While there is a growing body of literature surrounding the transmission of viral diseases via fomites, there is limited information on the transport of Bacillus species via this route. In 2008, LANL investigated whether field sampling activities conducted near sprayed areas, postspray, resulted in measurable cross-contamination of sampling personnel, equipment, vehicles, and hotel rooms. Viable Btk was detected in all sample types, indicating transport of the agent occurred via fomites. C1 [Omberg, Kristin M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Syst Engn & Integrat Grp, Deputy Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Simpson, Beverley] Los Alamos Med Ctr, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Veal, Lee Ann B.] US EPA, Ctr Radiol Emergency Response, Radiat Protect Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Omberg, KM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Syst Engn & Integrat Grp, Deputy Div, POB 1663,MS F607, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM komberg@lanl.gov RI Omberg, Kristin/I-5972-2013 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 9 IS 3 BP 288 EP 300 DI 10.1089/bsp.2010.0073 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 818PU UT WOS:000294767100014 PM 21882970 ER PT J AU DiMilla, PA Nixon, SW Oczkowski, AJ Altabet, MA McKinney, RA AF DiMilla, Peter A. Nixon, Scott W. Oczkowski, Autumn J. Altabet, Mark A. McKinney, Richard A. TI Some challenges of an "upside down" nitrogen budget - Science and management in Greenwich Bay, RI (USA) (vol 62, pg 672, 2011) SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Correction C1 [Oczkowski, Autumn J.; McKinney, Richard A.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [DiMilla, Peter A.; Nixon, Scott W.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Altabet, Mark A.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Dept Estuarine & Ocean Sci, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA. RP Oczkowski, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM p.dimilla@rivers.org; swn@gso.uri.edu; oczkowski.autumn@epa.gov; maltabet@umassd.edu; mckinney.rick@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 62 IS 9 BP 2008 EP 2008 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.07.005 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 821PB UT WOS:000294985800023 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM Hanley, NM Warren, SH Adams, LD King, LC AF DeMarini, David M. Hanley, Nancy M. Warren, Sarah H. Adams, Linda D. King, Leon C. TI Association between mutation spectra and stable and unstable DNA adduct profiles in Salmonella for benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Mutation spectra; PAHs; DNA adducts; Abasic sites ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RAT MAMMARY-GLAND; COAL COMBUSTION EMISSIONS; PAH O-QUINONES; MOUSE SKIN; ONCOGENE MUTATIONS; IN-VITRO; LUNG TUMORIGENESIS; MUTAGENIC HAZARDS; LIVER MICROSOMES AB Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) are two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that exhibit distinctly different mutagenicity and carcinogenicity profiles. Although some studies show that these PAHs produce unstable DNA adducts, conflicting data and arguments have been presented regarding the relative roles of these unstable adducts versus stable adducts, as well as oxidative damage, in the mutagenesis and tumor-mutation spectra of these PAHs. However, no study has determined the mutation spectra along with the stable and unstable DNA adducts in the same system with both PAHs. Thus, we determined the mutagenic potencies and mutation spectra of BP and DBP in strains TA98, TA100 and TA104 of Salmonella, and we also measured the levels of abasic sites (aldehydic-site assay) and characterized the stable DNA adducts ((32)P-postlabeling/HPLC) induced by these PAHs in TA104. Our results for the mutation spectra and site specificity of stable adducts were consistent with those from other systems, showing that DBP was more mutagenic than BP in TA98 and TA100. The mutation spectra of DBP and BP were significantly different in TA98 and TA104, with 24% of the mutations induced by BP in TA98 being complex frameshifts, whereas DBP produced hardly any of these mutations. In TA104, BP produced primarily GC to TA transversions, whereas DBP produced primarily Alto TA transversions. The majority (96%) of stable adducts induced by BP were at guanine, whereas the majority (80%) induced by DBP were at adenine. Although BP induced abasic sites, DBP did not. Most importantly, the proportion of mutations induced by DBP at adenine and guanine paralleled the proportion of stable DNA adducts induced by DBP at adenine and guanine; however, this was not the case for BP. Our results leave open a possible role for unstable DNA adducts in the mutational specificity of BP but not for DBP. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DeMarini, David M.; Hanley, Nancy M.; Warren, Sarah H.; Adams, Linda D.; King, Leon C.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA FX This work was supported by the intramural research program of the U.S. EPA. We thank Drs. Stephen Nesnow, Larry Claxton, and James Allen for their helpful comments on the manuscript. This manuscript was reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 714 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.06.003 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 820WV UT WOS:000294937700003 PM 21689667 ER PT J AU Liang, ZB Keeley, A AF Liang, Zhanbei Keeley, Ann TI Detection of Viable Cryptosporidium parvum in Soil by Reverse Transcription-Real-Time PCR Targeting hsp70 mRNA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; WATER SAMPLES; DNA EXTRACTION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CELL-CULTURE; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; RAPID DETECTION; GIARDIA CYSTS; OOCYSTS AB Extraction of high-quality mRNA from Cryptosporidium parvum is a key step in PCR detection of viable oocysts in environmental samples. Current methods for monitoring oocysts are limited to water samples; therefore, the goal of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive procedure for Cryptosporidium detection in soil samples. The efficiencies of five RNA extraction methods were compared (mRNA extraction with the Dynabeads mRNA Direct kit after chemical and physical sample treatments, and total RNA extraction methods using the FastRNA Pro Soil-Direct, PowerSoil Total RNA, E.Z.N.A. soil RNA, and Norgen soil RNA purification kits) for the direct detection of Cryptosporidium with oocyst-spiked sandy, loamy, and clay soils by using TaqMan reverse transcription-PCR. The study also evaluated the presence of inhibitors by synthesis and incorporation of an internal positive control (IPC) RNA into reverse transcription amplifications, used different facilitators (bovine serum albumin, yeast RNA, salmon DNA, skim milk powder, casein, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium hexametaphosphate, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi) to mitigate RNA binding on soil components, and applied various treatments (beta-mercaptoethanol and bead beating) to inactivate RNase and ensure the complete lysis of oocysts. The results of spiking studies showed that Salmonella cells most efficiently relieved binding of RNA. With the inclusion of Salmonella during extraction, the most efficient mRNA method was Dynabeads, with a detection limit of 6 x 10(2) oocysts g(-1) of sandy soil. The most efficient total RNA method was PowerSoil, with detection limits of 1.5 x 10(2), 1.5 x 10(3), and 1.5 x 10(4) C. parvum oocysts g(-1) soil for sandy, loamy, and clay samples, respectively. C1 [Keeley, Ann] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK USA. [Liang, Zhanbei] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Ada, OK USA. RP Keeley, A (reprint author), US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK USA. EM keeley.ann@epa.gov RI john, liang/F-6147-2012 FU National Homeland Security Research Center through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This research was funded by the National Homeland Security Research Center through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 69 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 77 IS 18 BP 6476 EP 6485 DI 10.1128/AEM.00677-11 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 817RJ UT WOS:000294691400020 PM 21803904 ER PT J AU Letant, SE Murphy, GA Alfaro, TM Avila, JR Kane, SR Raber, E Bunt, TM Shah, SR AF Letant, Sonia E. Murphy, Gloria A. Alfaro, Teneile M. Avila, Julie R. Kane, Staci R. Raber, Ellen Bunt, Thomas M. Shah, Sanjiv R. TI Rapid-Viability PCR Method for Detection of Live, Virulent Bacillus anthracis in Environmental Samples SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; SWAB PROTOCOL; VIABLE SPORES; CLEAN ENOUGH; CULTURE; INHIBITION; RECOVERY; SURFACE AB In the event of a biothreat agent release, hundreds of samples would need to be rapidly processed to characterize the extent of contamination and determine the efficacy of remediation activities. Current biological agent identification and viability determination methods are both labor- and time-intensive such that turnaround time for confirmed results is typically several days. In order to alleviate this issue, automated, high-throughput sample processing methods were developed in which real-time PCR analysis is conducted on samples before and after incubation. The method, referred to as rapid-viability (RV)-PCR, uses the change in cycle threshold after incubation to detect the presence of live organisms. In this article, we report a novel RV-PCR method for detection of live, virulent Bacillus anthracis, in which the incubation time was reduced from 14 h to 9 h, bringing the total turnaround time for results below 15 h. The method incorporates a magnetic bead-based DNA extraction and purification step prior to PCR analysis, as well as specific real-time PCR assays for the B. anthracis chromosome and pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids. A single laboratory verification of the optimized method applied to the detection of virulent B. anthracis in environmental samples was conducted and showed a detection level of 10 to 99 CFU/sample with both manual and automated RV-PCR methods in the presence of various challenges. Experiments exploring the relationship between the incubation time and the limit of detection suggest that the method could be further shortened by an additional 2 to 3 h for relatively clean samples. C1 [Letant, Sonia E.; Murphy, Gloria A.; Alfaro, Teneile M.; Avila, Julie R.; Kane, Staci R.; Raber, Ellen; Bunt, Thomas M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Shah, Sanjiv R.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Letant, SE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-236,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM letant1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 77 IS 18 BP 6570 EP 6578 DI 10.1128/AEM.00623-11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 817RJ UT WOS:000294691400031 PM 21764960 ER PT J AU Humrighouse, BW Adcock, NJ Rice, EW AF Humrighouse, B. W. Adcock, N. J. Rice, E. W. TI Use of Acid Treatment and a Selective Medium To Enhance the Recovery of Francisella tularensis from Water SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; TAP WATER; LEGIONELLA; TULAREMIA AB Francisella tularensis has been associated with naturally occurring waterborne outbreaks and is also of interest as a potential biological weapon. Recovery of this pathogen from water using cultural methods is challenging due to the organism's fastidious growth requirements and interference by indigenous bacteria. A 15-min acid treatment procedure prior to culture on a selective agar was evaluated for recovery of F. tularensis from seeded water samples. Mean levels of reduction of virulent strains of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica and subsp. tularensis were less than 20% following acid treatment. The attenuated live vaccine strain (LVS) was less resistant to acid exposure. The acid treatment procedure coupled with plating on cystine heart agar with rabbit blood and antibiotics (CHARBab) allowed the isolation of F. tularensis seeded into five natural water samples. C1 [Humrighouse, B. W.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Adcock, N. J.] Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rice, E. W.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Humrighouse, BW (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vkk7@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 77 IS 18 BP 6729 EP 6732 DI 10.1128/AEM.05226-11 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 817RJ UT WOS:000294691400056 PM 21803910 ER PT J AU Fan, CY Simmons, SO Law, SHW Jensen, K Cowden, J Hinton, D Padilla, S Ramabhadran, R AF Fan, Chun-Yang Simmons, Steven O. Law, Sheran H. W. Jensen, Karl Cowden, John Hinton, David Padilla, Stephanie Ramabhadran, Ram TI Generation and characterization of neurogenin1-GFP transgenic medaka with potential for rapid developmental neurotoxicity screening SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Transgenic medaka; Zebrafish neurogenin 1; GFP; Developmental neurotoxicity screening ID I-SCEI MEGANUCLEASE; HIGHLY EFFICIENT TRANSGENESIS; GERM-LINE TRANSMISSION; ORYZIAS-LATIPES; MEDIATED TRANSGENESIS; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS; FISH; GENES; EXPRESSION AB Fish models such as zebrafish and medaka are increasingly used as alternatives to rodents in developmental and toxicological studies. These developmental and toxicological studies can be facilitated by the use of transgenic reporters that permit the real-time, noninvasive observation of the fish. Here we report the construction and characterization of transgenic medaka lines expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the zebrafish neurogenin 1 (ngn1) gene promoter. Neurogenin (ngn1) is a helix-loop-helix transcription factor expressed in proliferating neuronal progenitor cells early in neuronal differentiation and plays a crucial role in directing neurogenesis. GFP expression was detected from 24 h post-fertilization until hatching, in a spatial pattern consistent with the previously reported zebrafish ngn1 expression. Temporal expression of the transgene parallels the expression profile of the endogenous medaka ngn1 transcript. Further, we demonstrate that embryos from the transgenic line permit the non-destructive, real-time screening of ngn1 promoter-directed GFP expression in a 96-well format, enabling higher throughput studies of developmental neurotoxicants. This strain has been deposited with and maintained by the National BioResource Project and is available on request (http://www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/medaka/strainDetailAction.do?quickSearch=true&strainld=5660). (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fan, Chun-Yang; Simmons, Steven O.; Jensen, Karl; Cowden, John; Padilla, Stephanie; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fan, Chun-Yang; Simmons, Steven O.; Jensen, Karl; Cowden, John; Padilla, Stephanie; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fan, Chun-Yang] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Law, Sheran H. W.; Hinton, David] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Environm Sci & Policy Div, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Ramabhadran, R (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mail Drop B105-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Ram.Ramabhadran@gmail.com OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU US Environmental Protection Agency with University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill FX This work was funded entirely by the US Environmental Protection Agency partly through the co-operative program with University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 105 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.05.017 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 812UD UT WOS:000294317500014 PM 21718657 ER PT J AU McCray, JE Tick, GR Jawitz, JW Gierke, JS Brusseau, ML Falta, RW Knox, RC Sabatini, DA Annable, MD Harwell, JH Wood, AL AF McCray, John E. Tick, Geoffrey R. Jawitz, James W. Gierke, John S. Brusseau, Mark L. Falta, Ronald W. Knox, Robert C. Sabatini, David A. Annable, Michael D. Harwell, Jeffrey H. Wood, A. Lynn TI Remediation of NAPL Source Zones: Lessons Learned from Field Studies at Hill and Dover AFB SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Review ID NONAQUEOUS-PHASE-LIQUID; CYCLODEXTRIN-ENHANCED SOLUBILIZATION; PARTITIONING TRACER TESTS; SOURCE STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; PARTIAL MASS DEPLETION; DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; AQUIFER REMEDIATION; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; CONTROLLED-RELEASE AB Innovative remediation studies were conducted between 1994 and 2004 at sites contaminated by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) at Hill and Dover AFB, and included technologies that mobilize, solubilize, and volatilize NAPL: air sparging (AS), surfactant flushing, cosolvent flooding, and flushing with a complexing-sugar solution. The experiments proved that aggressive remedial efforts tailored to the contaminant can remove more than 90% of the NAPL-phase contaminant mass. Site-characterization methods were tested as part of these field efforts, including partitioning tracer tests, biotracer tests, and mass-flux measurements. A significant reduction in the groundwater contaminant mass flux was achieved despite incomplete removal of the source. The effectiveness of soil, groundwater, and tracer based characterization methods may be site and technology specific. Employing multiple methods can improve characterization. The studies elucidated the importance of small-scale heterogeneities on remediation effectiveness, and fomented research on enhanced-delivery methods. Most contaminant removal occurs in hydraulically accessible zones, and complete removal is limited by contaminant mass stored in inaccessible zones. These studies illustrated the importance of understanding the fluid dynamics and interfacial behavior of injected fluids on remediation design and implementation. The importance of understanding the dynamics of NAPL-mixture dissolution and removal was highlighted. The results from these studies helped researchers better understand what processes and scales are most important to include in mathematical models used for design and data analysis. Finally, the work at these sites emphasized the importance and feasibility of recycling and reusing chemical agents, and enabled the implementation and success of follow-on full-scale efforts. C1 [McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Tick, Geoffrey R.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Jawitz, James W.] Univ Florida, Soil Water & Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gierke, John S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Brusseau, Mark L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brusseau, Mark L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Falta, Ronald W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Knox, Robert C.; Sabatini, David A.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Annable, Michael D.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Harwell, Jeffrey H.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Chem Biol & Mat Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Wood, A. Lynn] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74821 USA. RP McCray, JE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jmccray@mines.edu; gtick@geo.ua.edu; jawitz@ufl.edu; jsgierke@mtu.edu; brusseau@ag.arizona.edu; faltar@clemson.edu; rknox@ou.edu; sabatini@ou.edu; annable@ufl.edu; jharwell@ou.edu; wood.lynn@epa.gov RI Jawitz, James/G-5819-2013 FU U.S. Department of Defense, via U.S. EPA FX All contributors to this research are too numerous to name here. Dr. Carl Enfield of U. S. EPA, Dr. Suresh Rao of Purdue University, and Dr. Philip Bedient of Rice University were instrumental to the design and completion of this research. The research could not have been completed without the hard work of undergraduate and graduate students, and faculty and staff at the authors' institutions. Many of the contributors' names appear on publications cited in this article. The original field research was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense, via the U.S. EPA. Dr. Walter Illman at the University of Waterloo, and two anonymous reviewers, provided helpful and insightful comments to this manuscript, greatly improving its quality. NR 74 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 12 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD SEP-OCT PY 2011 VL 49 IS 5 BP 727 EP 744 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00783.x PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 818FU UT WOS:000294737800008 PM 21299555 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Stiegel, MA Sobus, JR Liu, Q Madden, MC AF Pleil, Joachim D. Stiegel, Matthew A. Sobus, Jon R. Liu, Qian Madden, Michael C. TI Observing the human exposome as reflected in breath biomarkers: heat map data interpretation for environmental and intelligence research SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER; EXHALED BREATH; JET FUEL; EXPOSURE RECONSTRUCTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; AIR; INHALATION; EXHAUST; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Over the past decade, the research of human system biology and the interactions with the external environment has permeated all phases of environmental, medical and public health research. Similar to the fields of genomics and proteomics research, the advent of new instrumentation for measuring breath biomarkers and their associated meta-data also provide very useful, albeit complex, data structures. The biomarker research community is beginning to invoke tools from system biology to assess the impact of environmental exposures, as well as from internal health states, on the expression of suites of chemicals in exhaled breath. This new approach introduces the concept of the exposome as a complement to the genome in exploring the environment-gene interaction. In addition to answering questions regarding health status for the medical community, breath biomarker patterns are useful for assessing public health risks from environmental exposures. Furthermore, breath biomarker patterns can inform security risks from suspects via covert interrogation of blood borne chemical levels that reflect previous activities. This paper discusses how different classes of exhaled breath biomarker measurements can be used to rapidly assess patterns in complex data. We present exhaled breath data sets to demonstrate the value of the graphical 'heat map' approach for hypothesis development and subsequent guidance for stochastic and mixed effect data interpretation. We also show how to graphically interpret exhaled breath measurements of exogenous jet fuel components, as well as exhaled breath condensate measurements of endogenous chemicals. C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.; Sobus, Jon R.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Liu, Qian] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Stat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Madden, Michael C.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL ORD, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 SI SI AR 037104 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/5/3/037104 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 817KI UT WOS:000294671000007 PM 21654022 ER PT J AU Medella, A Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Medella, Ali Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Performance Assessment of a New Type of Membrane Bioreactor under Steady State and Transient Operating Conditions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE MTBE; BTEX; Membrane bioreactor; Shock loading; Starvation ID TERT-BUTYL ETHER; BIOMASS RECYCLE REACTOR; MTBE BIODEGRADATION; BED REACTOR; STARVATION; GROUNDWATER; CULTURE; HYDROCARBONS; DEGRADATION; WATER AB Methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) is an additive to gasoline that serves as an oxygenate to increase the octane rating and improve combustion efficiency. Assessment of MTBE biodegradation under aerobic conditions was performed in lab-scale biomass concentrator reactors (BCRs). These reactors were bench-scale microcosms that retain and concentrate biomass thereby enabling biodegradation to sub-mu g/L level. The BCRs were run under low hydraulic retention times with a synthetically prepared feed containing 500 mu g/L of several oxygenates, MTBE, diisopropyl ether (DIPE), ethyl-t-butyl ether (ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether (TAME), t-amyl alcohol (TAA), and the primary gasoline constituents benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and p-xylene (BTEX). The BCRs were effective in the removal of the aforementioned contaminants to concentrations lower than the targeted 5 mu g/L, which is below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) taste and odor threshold of 20-40 mu g/L. Reactor performance was also evaluated under shock loading and intermittent feeding (starvation tests) of the contaminants of concern to evaluate the reactor's robustness in recovering from such stresses. The BCRs were found to be highly resilient to fluctuations in substrate and flow conditions. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000392. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Medella, Ali; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Medella, A (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM medellai@mail.uc.edu; Makram.Suidan@uc.edu; venosa.albert@epa.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2011 VL 137 IS 9 BP 817 EP 825 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000392 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 818WD UT WOS:000294785700007 ER PT J AU Vaslet, A France, C Phillips, DL Feller, IC Baldwin, CC AF Vaslet, A. France, C. Phillips, D. L. Feller, I. C. Baldwin, C. C. TI Stable-isotope analyses reveal the importance of seagrass beds as feeding areas for juveniles of the speckled worm eel Myrophis punctatus (Teleostei: Ophichthidae) in Florida SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anguilliformes; mangroves; resource partitioning; SIAR; stomach contents ID INCORPORATING CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE; INDIAN-RIVER LAGOON; MIXING MODELS; ANGUILLIFORMES OPHICHTHIDAE; MANGROVE CARBON; NITROGEN; FISH; LEPTOCEPHALI; ECOSYSTEMS; MARINE AB The feeding habits and habitats of the speckled worm eel Myrophis punctatus were studied on the mangrove edge of the Indian River Lagoon (IRL, Florida) using gut-content and stable-isotope analyses of carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15). Four taxa were identified through analyses of gut contents, and the index of relative importance suggested that amphipods, microphytobenthos and annelids are the most important food sources in the fish's diet. To assess the feeding habits of the fish after their recruitment to the IRL, these food sources were collected from mangroves and nearby seagrass beds for isotope analyses. Stable isotopes constituted a powerful tool for discriminating fish prey items from mangroves (mean +/- S.D. delta C-13 = -20.5 +/- 0.6%) and those from seagrass beds (mean +/- S.D. delta C-13 = -16.9 +/- 0.6%), thus providing good evidence of food source origins. The 56 M. punctatus collected [10.0 < total length (L-T) < 16.2 cm] had average isotopic signatures of delta C-13 = -16.7 +/- 0.2% and delta N-15 = 8.2 +/- 0.1%. A significant depletion in C-13 was observed for larger juveniles (15.0 < L-T < 16.2 cm), suggesting that they found a portion of their food in mangroves. Estimation of the trophic level from stable isotopes (T-Liso) was similar among different size groups of juvenile fish (T-Liso = 3.2-3.5); therefore, M. punctatus was considered a secondary consumer, which is consistent with its zoobenthic diet. The concentration-dependent mixing Stable Isotope Analysis in R (SIAR) model revealed the importance of food sources from seagrass beds as carbon sources for all the fish collected, with a significant increase in mangrove prey contributions, such as annelids, in the diet of larger juveniles. This study highlights the importance of seagrass beds as feeding habitats for juveniles of M. punctatus after their recruitment to coastal waters. (C) 2011 The Authors Journal of Fish Biology (C) 2011 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles C1 [Vaslet, A.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [France, C.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Phillips, D. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Feller, I. C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Baldwin, C. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Vaslet, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM amandine.vaslet@gmail.com OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU SMSFP FX The authors thank Z. Foltz, W. Lee from Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (SMSFP) for their help in field collections and all the staff of the SMSFP for their assistance and the access of the laboratory facilities. We are grateful to A. Jackson and A. Parnell for their help on SIAR mixing model and to R. M. Connolly for his comments and suggestions on the manuscript. The authors thank four anonymous referees for their comments that substantially improved this manuscript. This research was funded by SMSFP Postdoctoral Fellowship. Collecting in Florida was conducted pursuant to SAL #09-1024-SR to C. C. B. D.L.P.'s time was provided by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 851 from the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 79 IS 3 BP 692 EP 706 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03052.x PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 816KO UT WOS:000294598300008 PM 21884107 ER PT J AU Huff, J Infante, PF AF Huff, James Infante, Peter F. TI Styrene exposure and risk of cancer SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID RODENT CARCINOGENICITY TESTS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; ENVIRONMENTAL CANCER; CHEMICALS; BIOASSAYS; ANIMALS; WORKERS AB Styrene is widely used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber, resins, polyesters and plastics. Styrene and the primary metabolite styrene-7,8-oxide are genotoxic and carcinogenic. Long-term chemical carcinogenesis bioassays showed that styrene caused lung cancers in several strains of mice and mammary cancers in rats and styrene-7,8-oxide caused tumours of the forestomach in rats and mice and of the liver in mice. Subsequent epidemiologic studies found styrene workers had increased mortality or incidences of lymphohematopoietic cancers (leukaemia or lymphoma or all), with suggestive evidence for pancreatic and esophageal tumours. No adequate human studies are available for styrene-7,8-oxide although this is the primary and active epoxide metabolite of styrene. Both are genotoxic and form DNA adducts in humans. C1 [Huff, James] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Infante, Peter F.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Huff, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM huff1@niehs.nih.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 EI 1464-3804 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD SEP PY 2011 VL 26 IS 5 BP 583 EP 584 DI 10.1093/mutage/ger033 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 815UF UT WOS:000294554600001 PM 21724974 ER PT J AU Mahaffey, KR Sunderland, EM Chan, HM Choi, AL Grandjean, P Marien, K Oken, E Sakamoto, M Schoeny, R Weihe, P Yan, CH Yasutake, A AF Mahaffey, Kathryn R. Sunderland, Elsie M. Chan, Hing Man Choi, Anna L. Grandjean, Philippe Marien, Koenraad Oken, Emily Sakamoto, Mineshi Schoeny, Rita Weihe, Pal Yan, Chong-Huai Yasutake, Akira TI Balancing the benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risks of methylmercury exposure from fish consumption SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fish; methylmercury; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ID SEYCHELLES CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRENATAL MERCURY EXPOSURE; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; FRESH-WATER FISH; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; METHYL MERCURY; HAIR MERCURY; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS AB Fish and shellfish are widely available foods that provide important nutrients, particularly n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), to many populations globally. These nutrients, especially docosahexaenoic acid, confer benefits to brain and visual system development in infants and reduce risks of certain forms of heart disease in adults. However, fish and shellfish can also be a major source of methylmercury (MeHg), a known neurotoxicant that is particularly harmful to fetal brain development. This review documents the latest knowledge on the risks and benefits of seafood consumption for perinatal development of infants. It is possible to choose fish species that are both high in n-3 PUFAs and low in MeHg. A framework for providing dietary advice for women of childbearing age on how to maximize the dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs while minimizing MeHg exposures is suggested. (C) 2011 International Life Sciences Institute C1 [Chan, Hing Man] Univ No British Columbia, Community Hlth Sci Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. [Mahaffey, Kathryn R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Sunderland, Elsie M.; Grandjean, Philippe] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grandjean, Philippe] Univ So Denmark, Inst Publ Hlth, Odense, Denmark. [Marien, Koenraad] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Oken, Emily] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Oken, Emily] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Sakamoto, Mineshi] Natl Inst Minamata Dis, Dept Epidemiol, Fukuoka, Japan. [Schoeny, Rita] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Water, Washington, DC USA. [Yan, Chong-Huai] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai Key Lab Childrens Environm Hlth, XinHua Hosp, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Yasutake, Akira] Natl Inst Minamata Dis, Biochem Sect, Fukuoka, Japan. RP Chan, HM (reprint author), Univ No British Columbia, Community Hlth Sci Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. EM lchan@unbc.ca RI Chan, Laurie /C-4055-2014; Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014; OI Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548; Grandjean, Philippe/0000-0003-4046-9658 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK040561, P30 DK040561-15] NR 168 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 4 U2 45 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 69 IS 9 BP 493 EP 508 DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00415.x PG 16 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815TH UT WOS:000294551900001 PM 21884130 ER PT J AU Breen, M Breen, MS Terasaki, N Yamazaki, M Lloyd, AL Conolly, RB AF Breen, Miyuki Breen, Michael S. Terasaki, Natsuko Yamazaki, Makoto Lloyd, Alun L. Conolly, Rory B. TI Mechanistic Computational Model of Steroidogenesis in H295R Cells: Role of Oxysterols and Cell Proliferation to Improve Predictability of Biochemical Response to Endocrine Active Chemical-Metyrapone SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE endocrine disrupting chemicals; mechanistic computational model; in vitro toxicology; metyrapone; H295R cells; steroid biosynthesis ID ADRENAL-CORTEX; CHOLESTEROL; BIOSYNTHESIS; STABILITY; TOXICITY; LINE; 25-HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; 21ST-CENTURY; HORMONES; PATHWAY AB The human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line H295R is being used as an in vitro steroidogenesis screening assay to assess the impact of endocrine active chemicals (EACs) capable of altering steroid biosynthesis. To enhance the interpretation and quantitative application of measurement data in risk assessments, we are developing a mechanistic computational model of adrenal steroidogenesis in H295R cells to predict the synthesis of steroids from cholesterol (CHOL) and their biochemical response to EACs. We previously developed a deterministic model that describes the biosynthetic pathways for the conversion of CHOL to steroids and the kinetics for enzyme inhibition by the EAC, metyrapone (MET). In this study, we extended our dynamic model by (1) including a cell proliferation model supported by additional experiments and (2) adding a pathway for the biosynthesis of oxysterols (OXY), which are endogenous products of CHOL not linked to steroidogenesis. The cell proliferation model predictions closely matched the time-course measurements of the number of viable H295R cells. The extended steroidogenesis model estimates closely correspond to the measured time-course concentrations of CHOL and 14 adrenal steroids both in the cells and in the medium and the calculated time-course concentrations of OXY from control and MET-exposed cells. Our study demonstrates the improvement of the extended, more biologically realistic model to predict CHOL and steroid concentrations in H295R cells and medium and their dynamic biochemical response to the EAC, MET. This mechanistic modeling capability could help define mechanisms of action for poorly characterized chemicals for predictive risk assessments. C1 [Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki; Lloyd, Alun L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Biomath Grad Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Breen, Michael S.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Terasaki, Natsuko; Yamazaki, Makoto] Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp, Safety Res Lab, Chiba 2920818, Japan. RP Conolly, RB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM conolly.rory@epa.gov RI Lloyd, Alun/H-4944-2012 FU North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency [CT833235-01-0]; North Carolina State University FX North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research (Training Agreement CT833235-01-0 to M. B.) with North Carolina State University. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 123 IS 1 BP 80 EP 93 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr167 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 815VG UT WOS:000294557500008 PM 21725065 ER PT J AU Oshiro, WM Kenyon, EM Gordon, CJ Bishop, B Krantz, QT Ford, J Bushnell, PJ AF Oshiro, W. M. Kenyon, E. M. Gordon, C. J. Bishop, B. Krantz, Q. T. Ford, J. Bushnell, P. J. TI Extrapolating the Acute Behavioral Effects of Toluene from 1- to 24-h Exposures in Rats: Roles of Dose Metric and Metabolic and Behavioral Tolerance SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE neurotoxicity; PBTK model; volatile organic compound; toluene; signal detection behavior; attention; extrapolation; metabolism induction; behavioral tolerance ID SIGNAL-DETECTION TASK; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; DOSIMETRIC ANALYSIS; REPEATED INHALATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; INHALED TOLUENE; HABERS LAW; TRICHLOROETHYLENE AB Recent research on the acute effects of volatile organic compounds suggests that extrapolation from short (similar to 1 h) to long durations (up to 4 h) may be improved by using estimates of brain toluene concentration (Br[Tol]) instead of cumulative inhaled dose (C x t) as a metric of dose. This study compared predictions of these two dose metrics on the acute behavioral effects of inhaled toluene in rats during exposures up to 24 h in duration. We first evaluated estimates of Br[Tol] with a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model for rats intermittently performing an operant task while inhaling toluene for up to 24 h. Exposure longer than 6 h induced P450-mediated metabolism of toluene. Adjusting the corresponding parameters of the PBTK model improved agreement between estimated and observed values of Br[Tol] in the 24-h exposure scenario. Rats were trained to perform a visual signal detection task and were then tested while inhaling toluene (0, 1125, and 1450 ppm for 24 h and 1660 ppm for 21 h). Tests occurred at times yielding equivalent C x t products but different estimates of Br[Tol], and also at 1 and 6 h afterexposure. Effects of toluene were better predicted by Br[Tol] than by C x t. However, even using Br[Tol] as the dose metric (after accounting for metabolic induction), acute dose-effect functions during 24-h exposures were shifted to the right relative to 1-h exposures, indicating that a dynamic behavioral tolerance also developed during prolonged exposure to toluene. C1 [Oshiro, W. M.; Gordon, C. J.; Bishop, B.; Bushnell, P. J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kenyon, E. M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Krantz, Q. T.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ford, J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bushnell, PJ (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bushnell.philip@epa.gov FU National Homeland Security Research Center of the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. EPA; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. EPA FX Intramural funding provided by the National Homeland Security Research Center and the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, both of the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. EPA. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 123 IS 1 BP 180 EP 192 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr162 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 815VG UT WOS:000294557500017 PM 21705712 ER PT J AU Hannas, BR Lambright, CS Furr, J Howdeshell, KL Wilson, VS Gray, LE AF Hannas, Bethany R. Lambright, Christy S. Furr, Johnathan Howdeshell, Kembra L. Wilson, Vickie S. Gray, Leon E., Jr. TI Dose-Response Assessment of Fetal Testosterone Production and Gene Expression Levels in Rat Testes Following In Utero Exposure to Diethylhexyl Phthalate, Diisobutyl Phthalate, Diisoheptyl Phthalate, and Diisononyl Phthalate SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptors; endocrine toxicology; testis; endocrine toxicology; reproductive and developmental toxicology; developmental toxicity; prenatal; reproductive and developmental toxicology ID ALTERS SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; DIBUTYL PHTHALATE; TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; PROGRAMMING WINDOW AB Several phthalate esters have been linked to the Phthalate Syndrome, affecting male reproductive development when administered to pregnant rats during in utero sexual differentiation. The goal of the current study was to enhance understanding of this class of compounds in the Sprague Dawley (SD) fetal rat following exposure on gestational days (GDs) 14-18 by determining the relative potency factors for several phthalates on fetal testes endpoints, the effects of a nine phthalate mixture on fetal testosterone (T) production, and differences in SD and Wistar (W) strain responses of fetal T production and testicular gene expression to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). We determined that diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) and diisoheptyl phthalate (DIHP) reduced fetal testicular T production with similar potency to DEHP, whereas diisononyl phthalate (DINP) was 2.3-fold less potent. DINP was also less potent at reducing StAR and Cyp11a gene expression levels, whereas DIBP was slightly more potent than DEHP. We observed that administration of dilutions of a mixture of nine phthalates (DEHP, DIHP, DIBP, dibutyl-, benzyl butyl-, dicyclohexyl-, diheptyl-, dihexyl-, and dipentyl phthalate) reduced fetal T production in a dose-dependent manner best predicted by dose addition. Finally, we found that the differential effects of in utero DEHP treatment on epididymal and gubernacular differentiation in male SD and W rats (0, 100, 300, 500, 625, 750, or 875 mg DEHP/kg/day) are likely due to tissue-specific strain differences in the androgen and insl3 signaling pathways rather than differential effects of DEHP on fetal testis T and insl3 production. C1 [Hannas, Bethany R.; Lambright, Christy S.; Furr, Johnathan; Howdeshell, Kembra L.; Wilson, Vickie S.; Gray, Leon E., Jr.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Howdeshell, Kembra L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Mail Drop 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gray.earl@epa.gov OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 FU U.S. EPA [RW-75-92285501-1]; National Research Council [CR833232] FX U.S. EPA/National Toxicology Program Interagency Cooperative Agreement (RW-75-92285501-1); National Research Council Research Postdoctoral Associate Fellowship (CR833232 to B.R.H.). NR 49 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 6 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 123 IS 1 BP 206 EP 216 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr146 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 815VG UT WOS:000294557500019 PM 21633115 ER PT J AU Zheng, CY Voutetakis, A Goldstein, B Afione, S Rivera, VM Clackson, T Wenk, ML Boyle, M Nyska, A Chiorini, JA Vallant, M Irwin, RD Baum, BJ AF Zheng, Changyu Voutetakis, Antonis Goldstein, Benjamin Afione, Sandra Rivera, Victor M. Clackson, Tim Wenk, Martin L. Boyle, Molly Nyska, Abraham Chiorini, John A. Vallant, Molly Irwin, Richard D. Baum, Bruce J. TI Assessment of the Safety and Biodistribution of a Regulated AAV2 Gene Transfer Vector after Delivery to Murine Submandibular Glands SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE AAV2 vector; safety; salivary gland; rapamycin; regulated gene expression ID RECOMBINANT ADENOASSOCIATED VIRUS; MOUSE SALIVARY-GLANDS; PAROTID-GLANDS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; FACTOR-IX; IN-VIVO; TRANSGENE EXPRESSION; ADENOVIRAL VECTOR; SYSTEMIC DELIVERY; RAPAMYCIN CONTROL AB Clinical gene transfer holds promise for the treatment of many inherited and acquired disorders. A key consideration for all clinical gene transfer applications is the tight control of transgene expression. We have examined the safety and biodistribution of a serotype 2, recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV2) vector that encodes a rapamycin-responsive chimeric transcription factor, which regulates the expression of a therapeutic transgene (human erythropoietin [hEpo]). The vector, AAV2-TF2.3w-hEpo (2.5 x 10(7)-2.5 x 10(10) particles), was administered once to a single submandibular gland of male and female mice and mediated hEpo expression in vivo following a rapamycin injection but not in its absence. Control (saline treated) and vector-treated animals maintained their weight, and consumed food and water, similarly. Vector delivery led to no significant toxicological effects as judged by hematology, clinical chemistry, and gross and microscopic pathology evaluations. On day 3 after vector delivery, vector copies were not only abundant in the targeted right submandibular gland but also detected in multiple other tissues. Vector was cleared from the targeted gland much more rapidly in female mice than in male mice. Overall, our results are consistent with the notion that administration of the AAV2-TF2.3w-hEpo vector to salivary glands posed no significant risk in mice. C1 [Zheng, Changyu; Voutetakis, Antonis; Goldstein, Benjamin; Afione, Sandra; Chiorini, John A.; Baum, Bruce J.] Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Mol Physiol & Therapeut Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Rivera, Victor M.; Clackson, Tim] ARIAD Pharmaceut Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wenk, Martin L.] BioReliance Invitrogen Bioserv, Div Toxicol, Rockville, MD USA. [Boyle, Molly] Integrated Syst Lab, Comparat Mol Pathol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Nyska, Abraham; Vallant, Molly; Irwin, Richard D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Baum, BJ (reprint author), NIDCR, Mol Physiol & Therapeut Branch, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 1N113,MSC 1190, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bbaum@dir.nidcr.nih.gov FU Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Rockville, MD) [NO1-ES-75408] FX Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to BioReliance Invitrogen Bioservices (Rockville, MD, contract NO1-ES-75408). NR 40 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 123 IS 1 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr144 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 815VG UT WOS:000294557500022 PM 21625005 ER PT J AU Szabo, DT Diliberto, JJ Huwe, JK Birnbaum, LS AF Szabo, David T. Diliberto, Janet J. Huwe, Janice K. Birnbaum, Linda S. TI Differences in Tissue Distribution of HBCD Alpha and Gamma between Adult and Developing Mice SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE mice; HBCD; stereoisomers; toxicokinetics; development; distribution; elimination age susceptibility ID FLAME-RETARDANT HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; THYROID-HORMONE ACTION; GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; PHARMACOKINETIC DIFFERENCES; REPEATED EXPOSURE; DRUG-METABOLISM; GENE-EXPRESSION; WISTAR RATS; BRAIN AB Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a mixture of three stereoisomers alpha (alpha), beta (beta), and gamma (gamma). gamma-HBCD dominates the mixture (similar to 70%), and despite alpha-HBCD's minor contribution to global HBCD production and usage (similar to 10%), it is the dominant congener found in most biotic samples worldwide. Evidence of toxicity and lack of stereoisomer studies drives the importance of understanding HBCD toxicokinetics in potentially susceptible populations. The majority of public health concern has focused on hazardous effects resulting from exposure of infants and young children to HBCD due to reports on adverse developmental effects in rodent studies, in combination with human exposure estimates suggesting that nursing infants and young children have the highest exposure to HBCD. This study was designed to investigate differences in the disposition of both gamma-HBCD and alpha-HBCD in infantile mice reported to be susceptible to the HBCD commercial mixture. The tissue distribution of alpha-[(14)C]HBCD- and gamma-[(14)C]HBCD-derived radioactivity was monitored in C57BL/6 mice following a single oral dose of either compound (3 mg/kg) after direct gavage at postnatal day 10. Mice were held up to 7 days in shoebox cages after which pups were sacrificed, tissue collected, and internal dosimetry was measured. Developing mice exposed to alpha-HBCD had an overall higher body burden than gamma-HBCD at every time point measured; at 4 days postexposure, they retained 22% of the alpha-HBCD administered dose, whereas pups exposed to gamma-HBCD retained 10%. Total body burden in infantile mice after exposure to gamma-HBCD was increased 10-fold as compared with adults. Similarly, after exposure to alpha-HBCD, infantile mice contained 2.5-fold higher levels than adult. These differences lead to higher concentrations of the HBCD diastereomers at target tissues during critical windows of development. The results indicate that the toxicokinetics of the two HBCD diastereomers differ between developing and adult mice; whereas distribution patterns are similar, concentrations of each HBCD diastereomer's-derived radioactivity are higher in the pup's liver, fat, kidney, brain, blood, muscle, and lungs than in the adult's. This study suggests that developmental stage may be a risk factor for the harmful effects of alpha-HBCD and gamma-HBCD, when developing animals may be more sensitive to effects and have increased body burden. C1 [Szabo, David T.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill Curriculum Toxicol, US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Szabo, David T.; Diliberto, Janet J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Huwe, Janice K.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NCI, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Szabo, DT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 2733 S Crystal Dr,8623-P, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM Szabo.David@epa.gov FU University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill; Environmental Protection Agency [CR 833237] FX This work is funded in part by a cooperative agreement between the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and the Environmental Protection Agency (CR 833237 predoctoral training grants). NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 123 IS 1 BP 256 EP 263 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfr161 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 815VG UT WOS:000294557500023 PM 21705717 ER PT J AU Gao, X Chen, HL Schwarzschild, MA Ascherio, A AF Gao, Xiang Chen, Honglei Schwarzschild, Michael A. Ascherio, Alberto TI A Prospective Study of Bowel Movement Frequency and Risk of Parkinson's Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE constipation; Parkinson disease; prospective studies ID BRAIN PATHOLOGY; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; LATE-LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; CONSTIPATION; CONSUMPTION AB The authors prospectively examined bowel movement frequency at baseline in relation to future Parkinson's disease risk in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) during 2000-2006 (33,901 men) and the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) during 1982-2006 (93,767 women). During the follow-up (6 years for the HPFS and 24 years for the NHS), the authors identified 156 incident male Parkinson's disease cases (HPFS) and 402 female cases (NHS). In the HPFS, compared with men with daily bowel movements, men with a bowel movement every 3 days or less had a multivariate-adjusted relative risk of 4.98 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.59, 9.57) for developing Parkinson's disease in the next 6 years. In the NHS, the corresponding relative risk was 2.15 (95% CI: 0.76, 6.10), and the risk of Parkinson's disease was not elevated beyond 6 years of follow-up (relative risks = 1.25 for years 7-12, 0.54 for years 13-18, and 0.88 for years 19-24). When these 2 cohorts were combined, the pooled relative risks for Parkinson's disease in the next 6 years were 0.75, 1 (referent), 2.62, and 3.93 (95% CI: 2.26, 6.84) (P(trend) < 0.0001) across 4 bowel movement categories. In conclusion, infrequent bowel movements may antedate the onset of cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and may contribute to the identification of populations with higher than average Parkinson's disease risk. C1 [Gao, Xiang; Ascherio, Alberto] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gao, Xiang; Ascherio, Alberto] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chen, Honglei] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Schwarzschild, Michael A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ascherio, Alberto] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Gao, X (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM xiang.gao@channing.harvard.edu OI Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 NS048517, R01 NS061858, K24NS060991]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES-101986] FX The study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 NS048517, R01 NS061858, and K24NS060991 and, in part, by grant Z01-ES-101986 from the intramural research program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 5 BP 546 EP 551 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr119 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 813HG UT WOS:000294356800007 PM 21719744 ER PT J AU Nayak, AP Green, BJ Janotka, E Hettick, JM Friend, S Vesper, SJ Schmechel, D Beezhold, DH AF Nayak, Ajay P. Green, Brett J. Janotka, Erika Hettick, Justin M. Friend, Sherri Vesper, Steve J. Schmechel, Detlef Beezhold, Donald H. TI Monoclonal Antibodies to Hyphal Exoantigens Derived from the Opportunistic Pathogen Aspergillus terreus SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; STACHYBOTRYS-CHARTARUM; DELAYED-HYPERSENSITIVITY; FUMIGATUS ANTIGEN; HEMOLYTIC TOXIN; AMPHOTERICIN-B; SINGLE PROTEIN; ASP-HEMOLYSIN; PURIFICATION; INFECTION AB Aspergillus terreus has been difficult to identify in cases of aspergillosis, and clinical identification has been restricted to the broad identification of aspergillosis lesions in affected organs or the detection of fungal carbohydrates. As a result, there is a clinical need to identify species-specific biomarkers that can be used to detect invasive A. terreus disease. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were developed to a partially purified preparation of cytolytic hyphal exoantigens (HEA) derived from A. terreus culture supernatant (CSN). Twenty-three IgG1 isotype murine MAbs were developed and tested for cross-reactivity against hyphal extracts of 54 fungal species. Sixteen MAbs were shown to be specific for A. terreus. HEA were detected in conidia, hyphae, and in CSN of A. terreus. HEA were expressed in high levels in the hyphae during early stages of A. terreus growth at 37 degrees C, whereas at room temperature the expression of HEA peaked by days 4 to 5. Expression kinetics of HEA in CSN showed a lag, with peak levels at later time points at room temperature and 37 degrees C than in hyphal extracts. Serum spiking experiments demonstrated that human serum components do not inhibit detection of the HEA epitopes by MAb enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoprecipitation and proteomic analysis demonstrated that MAbs 13E11 and 12C4 immunoprecipitated a putative uncharacterized leucine aminopeptidase (Q0CAZ7), while MAb 19B2 recognized a putative dipeptidyl-peptidase V (DPP5). Studies using confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the uncharacterized leucine aminopeptidase mostly localized to extracellular matrix structures while dipeptidyl-peptidase V was mostly confined to the cytoplasm. C1 [Nayak, Ajay P.; Green, Brett J.; Janotka, Erika; Hettick, Justin M.; Schmechel, Detlef; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Nayak, Ajay P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Friend, Sherri] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Vesper, Steve J.] US EPA, Microbial Exposure Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Nayak, AP (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fyg1@cdc.gov RI Hettick, Justin/E-9955-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Y1-ES0001-06] FX This work was supported in part by an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Y1-ES0001-06). NR 74 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1568 EP 1576 DI 10.1128/CVI.05163-11 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 814LA UT WOS:000294452800027 PM 21734068 ER PT J AU Cao, ZY Shafer, TJ Crofton, KM Gennings, C Murray, TF AF Cao, Zhengyu Shafer, Timothy J. Crofton, Kevin M. Gennings, Chris Murray, Thomas F. TI Additivity of Pyrethroid Actions on Sodium Influx in Cerebrocortical Neurons in Primary Culture SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE additivity; efficacy; potency; pyrethroid; sodium influx ID CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; NEOCORTICAL NEURONS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ION CHANNELS; INSECTICIDES; RATS; DELTAMETHRIN; TETRAMETHRIN; MODULATION AB BACKGROUND: Pyrethroid insecticides bind to voltage-gated sodium channels and modify their gating kinetics, thereby disrupting neuronal function. Although previous work has tested the additivity of pyrethroids in vivo, this has not been assessed directly at the primary molecular target using a functional measure. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the potency and efficacy of 11 structurally diverse food-use pyrethroids to evoke sodium (Na(+)) influx in neurons and tested the hypothesis of dose additivity for a mixture of these same 11 compounds. METHODS: We determined pyrethroid-induced increases in Na(+) influx in primary cultures of cerebro-cortical neurons using the Na(+)-sensitive dye sodium-binding benzo-furan isophthalate (SBFI). Concentration-dependent responses for 11 pyrethroids were determined, and the response to dilutions of a mixture of all 11 compounds at an equimolar mixing ratio was assessed. Additivity was tested assuming a dose-additive model. RESULTS: Seven pyrethroids produced concentration-dependent, tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na(+) influx. The rank order of potency was deltamethrin > S-bioallethrin > beta-cyfluthrin > lambda-cyhalothrin > esfenvalerate > tefluthrin > fenpropathrin. Cypermethrin and bifenthrin produced modest increases in Na(+) influx, whereas permethrin and resmethrin were inactive. When all 11 pyrethroids were present at an equimolar mixing ratio, their actions on Na(+) influx were consistent with a dose-additive model. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide in vitro relative potency and efficacy measurements for 7 pyrethroid compounds in intact mammalian neurons. Despite differences in individual compound potencies, we found the action of a mixture of all 11 pyrethroids to be additive when we used an appropriate statistical model. These results are consistent with a previous report of the additivity of pyrethroids in vivo. C1 [Cao, Zhengyu; Murray, Thomas F.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Shafer, Timothy J.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gennings, Chris] Solveritas LLC, Richmond, VA USA. RP Murray, TF (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM tfmurray@creighton.edu RI cao, zhengyu/G-2527-2012; Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [PR-RT-08-00545, EP-D-08-007] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contracts PR-RT-08-00545 to T.F.M. and EP-D-08-007 to C.G. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 119 IS 9 BP 1239 EP 1246 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003394 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 814SV UT WOS:000294478400023 PM 21665567 ER PT J AU Baker, KR Simon, H Kelly, JT AF Baker, Kirk R. Simon, Heather Kelly, James T. TI Challenges to Modeling "Cold Pool" Meteorology Associated with High Pollution Episodes SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EVOLUTION C1 [Baker, Kirk R.; Simon, Heather; Kelly, James T.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Baker, KR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM baker.kirk@epa.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010; simon, heather/E-4392-2011 OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714; simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360 NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 17 BP 7118 EP 7119 DI 10.1021/es202705v PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 813NE UT WOS:000294373400006 PM 21842889 ER PT J AU Conny, JM Norris, GA AF Conny, Joseph M. Norris, Gary A. TI Scanning Electron Microanalysis and Analytical Challenges of Mapping Elements in Urban Atmospheric Particles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINERAL DUST PARTICLES; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; AMBIENT AIR; SIZE; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMISTRY; ARIZONA AB Elemental mapping with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) associated with scanning electron microscopy is highly useful for studying internally mixed atmospheric particles. Presented is a study of individual particles from urban airsheds and the analytical challenges in qualitatively determining the composition and origin of heterogeneous urban-air particles from high-resolution elemental maps. Coarse-mode particles were taken from samples collected in three U.S. cities: Atlanta, Los Angeles, and Seattle. Elemental maps distinguished particles with heterogeneously mixed phases from those with homogeneously mixed phases that also contained inclusions or surface adducts. Elemental mapping at low and high beam energies, along with imaging at an oblique angle helped to classify particles by origin. The impact of particle shape on X-ray microanalysis was demonstrated by having the beam enter the particle at >= 52 degrees from normal. Potential misinterpretations of particle composition due to artifacts in the elemental maps were minimized by tilt imaging to reveal particle surface roughness and depth, mapping at low beam energies, noting the position of the EDX detector in the map field, and assessing differences in the mass absorption coefficients of the particle's major elements to anticipate X-ray self-absorption. C1 [Conny, Joseph M.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Norris, Gary A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Conny, JM (reprint author), NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM joseph.conny@nist.gov FU U.S. EPA [DW-13-93997301-01] FX We thank Cynthia Zeissler of NIST for a helpful review of the manuscript and Robert Willis of the U.S. EPA for helpful discussions on particle microanalysis. We thank the following people for assistance with sample collection: D. Napier, J. Brown, and E. Edgerton of Atmospheric Research and Analysis, Durham, NC; S. Biswas, B. Chakrabarti, and C. Sioutas of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; T. Gould of the Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Sample collection was funded by the U.S. EPA under Interagency Agreement DW-13-93997301-01. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 17 BP 7380 EP 7386 DI 10.1021/es2009049 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 813NE UT WOS:000294373400041 PM 21774494 ER PT J AU Costanza, J El Badawy, AM Tolaymat, TM AF Costanza, Jed El Badawy, Amro M. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Comment on "120 Years of Nanosilver History: Implications for Policy Makers" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES C1 [Costanza, Jed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Costanza, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA USA. EM costanza.jed@epa.gov NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 17 BP 7591 EP 7592 DI 10.1021/es200666n PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 813NE UT WOS:000294373400070 PM 21819108 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Cavallin, JE Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Makynen, EA Martinovic-Weigelt, D Wehmas, LC Villeneuve, DL AF Ankley, Gerald T. Cavallin, Jenna E. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Kahl, Michael D. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma Wehmas, Leah C. Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI TEMPORAL EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF A MODEL 3 beta-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE INHIBITOR ON ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN THE FATHEAD MINNOW SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fathead minnow; Reproduction; Endocrine function; Toxicity mechanisms; Steroidogenesis ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; MESSENGER-RNA; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; STEROID BIOSYNTHESIS; ANGUILLA-JAPONICA; BREAST-CANCER; JAPANESE EEL; IN-VITRO; TRILOSTANE AB Inhibition of enzymes involved in the synthesis of sex steroids can substantially impact developmental and reproductive processes controlled by the hypothalmic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. A key steroidogenic enzyme that has received little attention from a toxicological perspective is 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD). In these studies, we exposed reproductively-active fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to the model 3b-HSD inhibitor trilostane at two test concentrations (300 and 1,500 mu g/L) over a 16-d period that included both 8-d exposure and 8-d recovery phases. Plasma concentrations of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in females were depressed within hours of exposure to the drug and remained decreased at the highest trilostane concentration throughout the 8-d exposure. Reductions in E2 were accompanied by decreases in plasma concentrations of the estrogen-responsive protein vitellogenin (VTG). During the recovery phase of the test, plasma E2 and VTG concentrations returned to levels comparable to those of controls, in the case of E2 within 1 d. Up-regulation of ovarian expression of gene products for follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) and aromatase (cyp19a1a) suggested active compensation in trilostane-exposed animals. Effects of trilostane on HPG-related endpoints in exposed males were less pronounced, although, as in females, up-regulation of gonadal fshr was seen. Data from these time-course studies provide insights as to direct impacts, compensatory responses, and recovery from effects associated with perturbation of a comparatively poorly characterized enzyme/pathway critical to sex steroid synthesis. This information is important to the design and interpretation of approaches for assessing the occurrence and effects of HPG-active chemicals in both the laboratory and the field. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2094-2102. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Kahl, Michael D.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma; Wehmas, Leah C.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2094 EP 2102 DI 10.1002/etc.593 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 813AH UT WOS:000294337300018 PM 21671258 ER PT J AU Popat, RA Van Den Eeden, SK Tanner, M Kamel, F Umbach, DM Marder, K Ritz, B Ross, GW Petrovitch, H Topol, B McGuire, V Nelson, LM AF Popat, R. A. Van Den Eeden, S. K. Tanner, M. Kamel, F. Umbach, D. M. Marder, K. Ritz, B. Ross, G. Webster Petrovitch, H. Topol, B. McGuire, V. Nelson, L. M. TI Response to Hill-Burns et al. letter: An attempt to replicate interaction between coffee and CYP1A2 gene in connection to Parkinson's disease SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter DE movement disorders; neurological disorders; Parkinson's disease ID CAFFEINE; RISK C1 [Popat, R. A.; Topol, B.; McGuire, V.; Nelson, L. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Van Den Eeden, S. K.] Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Tanner, M.] Parkinsons Inst, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Kamel, F.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Umbach, D. M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Marder, K.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA. [Marder, K.] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Marder, K.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Taub Inst, New York, NY USA. [Ritz, B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Ross, G. Webster; Petrovitch, H.] Vet Affairs Pacif Isl Hlth Care Syst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Ross, G. Webster; Petrovitch, H.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Popat, RA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, HRP Redwood Bldg,Room T209, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rpopat@stanford.edu RI Ritz, Beate/E-3043-2015 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-5101 J9 EUR J NEUROL JI Eur. J. Neurol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 18 IS 9 BP E109 EP E109 DI 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03461.x PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 813DO UT WOS:000294347200002 ER PT J AU Ryu, H Tran, H Ware, MW Iker, B Griffin, S Egorov, A Edge, TA Newmann, N Villegas, EN Domingo, JWS AF Ryu, Hodon Tran, Hiep Ware, Michael W. Iker, Brandon Griffin, Shannon Egorov, Andrey Edge, Thomas A. Newmann, Norman Villegas, Eric N. Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Application of leftover sample material from waterborne protozoa monitoring for the molecular detection of Bacteroidales and fecal source tracking markers SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE USEPA method 1623; Microbial source tracking; Fecal pollution ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; LAKE-ONTARIO; PCR; POLLUTION; ALIGNMENTS; IDENTIFY; BACTERIA; DATABASE; WATERS; GENES AB In this study, we examined the potential for detecting fecal bacteria and microbial source tracking markers in samples discarded during the concentration of Cryptosporidium and Giardia using USEPA Method 1623. Recovery rates for different fecal bacteria were determined in sewage spiked samples and environmental waters using different group-specific and host-specific PCR assays. Bacteroidales DNA recovery ranged from 59 to 71% for aliquots of supernatant collected after the elution step. The recovery of human-specific Bacteroidales DNA from sewage spiked samples was 54% in the elution step. An additional 1-7% Bacteroidales DNA was recovered after the immunomagnetic separation step, while recovery from the pellet left after the immunomagnetic separation of protozoa parasites was substantially lower. Comparison of Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene sequences from elution and immunomagnetic separation discarded samples indicated that the distribution of clones was not statistically different, suggesting that there were no recovery biases introduced by these steps. Human- and cow-specific Bacteroidales and fecal indicator bacteria (i.e., enterococci,) were also detected in the discarded fractions of environmental samples collected from different geographic locations. Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential application of leftover sample fractions that are currently discarded for the PCR detection of fecal bacterial indicators and molecular source tracking. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ryu, Hodon; Iker, Brandon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Tran, Hiep] US EPA, DESA Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Ware, Michael W.; Griffin, Shannon; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Egorov, Andrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Edge, Thomas A.] Environm Canada, Natl Water Res Inst, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Newmann, Norman] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011; Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519; Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU National Research Council; Ontario Region of Peel FX HR was the recipient of National Research Council Senior Research Fellowship. We thank the Ontario Region of Peel, for supporting research on the characterization of source waters used for drinking. We thank Katherine Loizos for excellent graphics support. Although this manuscript was approved for publication by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), any opinions expressed in it are of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of USEPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2011 VL 86 IS 3 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.06.001 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 815DX UT WOS:000294507400011 PM 21693138 ER PT J AU Brewer, LW Redmond, CA Stafford, JM Hatch, GE AF Brewer, Larry W. Redmond, Christine A. Stafford, Jennifer M. Hatch, Gary E. TI Marking Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds With Radio Frequency Identification Tags SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bird marking; bird monitoring; hummingbirds; passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags; radio frequency identification (RFID) tags; ruby-throated hummingbird AB We assessed the feasibility of marking ruby-throated hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris) with radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. We trapped 27 hummingbirds at feeding stations on a 2.0-ha study site. We subcutaneously implanted each hummingbird with a 0.067-g RFID tag and released it at the capture site. We deployed RFID transceiver systems at 5 feeding stations and electronically monitored tagged hummingbird activity continuously on the study site through 3 summers. Post-release relocation rate exceeded expectations based on previous leg band recovery data, and bird activity data acquisition was consistent and reliable and required minimum labor. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Brewer, Larry W.; Redmond, Christine A.; Stafford, Jennifer M.] Smithers Viscient Carolina Res Ctr, Snow Camp, NC 27349 USA. [Hatch, Gary E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. RP Brewer, LW (reprint author), Smithers Viscient Carolina Res Ctr, 2900 Quakenbush Rd, Snow Camp, NC 27349 USA. EM lbrewer@smithers.com FU National Health Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX Our research was funded, reviewed, and approved for publication by the National Health Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We appreciate the participation of T. Lewis and J. Herrick as EPA project managers. Dr. Lewis also provided helpful suggestions for study design and edited the initial literature review. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1664 EP 1667 DI 10.1002/jwmg.222 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 813EM UT WOS:000294349600016 ER PT J AU Sims, JK Wade, PA AF Sims, Jennifer K. Wade, Paul A. TI Mi-2/NuRD complex function is required for normal S phase progression and assembly of pericentric heterochromatin SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Article ID CHROMATIN-REMODELING COMPLEX; REPLICATION FORK PROGRESSION; DNA-DAMAGE CHECKPOINT; HISTONE H3; SCREEN REVEALS; HP1 PROTEINS; FACTOR CHD4; LYSINE 9; METHYLATION; CELLS AB During chromosome duplication, it is essential to replicate not only the DNA sequence, but also the complex nucleoprotein structures of chromatin. Pericentric heterochromatin is critical for silencing repetitive elements and plays an essential structural role during mitosis. However, relatively little is understood about its assembly and maintenance during replication. The Mi2/NuRD chromatin remodeling complex tightly associates with actively replicating pericentric heterochromatin, suggesting a role in its assembly. Here we demonstrate that depletion of the catalytic ATPase subunit CHD4/Mi-2 beta in cells with a dampened DNA damage response results in a slow-growth phenotype characterized by delayed progression through S phase. Furthermore, we observe defects in pericentric heterochromatin maintenance and assembly. Our data suggest that chromatin assembly defects are sensed by an ATM-dependent intra-S phase chromatin quality checkpoint, resulting in a temporal block to the transition from early to late S phase. These findings implicate Mi-2 beta in the maintenance of chromatin structure and proper cell cycle progression. C1 [Sims, Jennifer K.; Wade, Paul A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wade, PA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wadep2@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [Z01ES101965] FX We gratefully acknowledge C. J. Tucker, Agnus Janoshazi, and the Fluorescence Microscopy and Imaging Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, for assistance with microscopy and quantitation of images. We thank Carl Bortner, Maria Sifre, and the Flow Cytometry Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, for assistance with flow cytometry. This work was substantially improved by critical comments on the manuscript and discussion with Karen Adelman, Aleksandra Adomas, Archana Dhasarathy, Guang Hu, and Anne Lai. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (Project Z01ES101965 to P.A.W.). NR 41 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 22 IS 17 BP 3094 EP 3102 DI 10.1091/mbc.E11-03-0258 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 814BL UT WOS:000294419300010 PM 21737684 ER PT J AU Torgerson, DG Ampleford, EJ Chiu, GY Gauderman, WJ Gignoux, CR Graves, PE Himes, BE Levin, AM Mathias, RA Hancock, DB Baurley, JW Eng, C Stern, DA Celedon, JC Rafaels, N Capurso, D Conti, DV Roth, LA Soto-Quiros, M Togias, A Li, XN Myers, RA Romieu, I Van Den Berg, DJ Hu, DL Hansel, NN Hernandez, RD Israel, E Salam, MT Galanter, J Avila, PC Avila, L Rodriquez-Santana, JR Chapela, R Rodriguez-Cintron, W Diette, GB Adkinson, NF Abel, RA Ross, KD Shi, M Faruque, MU Dunston, GM Watson, HR Mantese, VJ Ezurum, SC Liang, LM Ruczinski, I Ford, JG Huntsman, S Chung, KF Vora, H Li, X Calhoun, WJ Castro, M Sienra-Monge, JJ del Rio-Navarro, B Deichmann, KA Heinzmann, A Wenzel, SE Busse, WW Gern, JE Lemanske, RF Beaty, TH Bleecker, ER Raby, BA Meyers, DA London, SJ Gilliland, FD Burchard, EG Martinez, FD Weiss, ST Williams, LK Barnes, KC Ober, C Nicolae, DL AF Torgerson, Dara G. Ampleford, Elizabeth J. Chiu, Grace Y. Gauderman, W. James Gignoux, Christopher R. Graves, Penelope E. Himes, Blanca E. Levin, Albert M. Mathias, Rasika A. Hancock, Dana B. Baurley, James W. Eng, Celeste Stern, Debra A. Celedon, Juan C. Rafaels, Nicholas Capurso, Daniel Conti, David V. Roth, Lindsey A. Soto-Quiros, Manuel Togias, Alkis Li, Xingnan Myers, Rachel A. Romieu, Isabelle Van Den Berg, David J. Hu, Donglei Hansel, Nadia N. Hernandez, Ryan D. Israel, Elliott Salam, Muhammad T. Galanter, Joshua Avila, Pedro C. Avila, Lydiana Rodriquez-Santana, Jose R. Chapela, Rocio Rodriguez-Cintron, William Diette, Gregory B. Adkinson, N. Franklin Abel, Rebekah A. Ross, Kevin D. Shi, Min Faruque, Mezbah U. Dunston, Georgia M. Watson, Harold R. Mantese, Vito J. Ezurum, Serpil C. Liang, Liming Ruczinski, Ingo Ford, Jean G. Huntsman, Scott Chung, Kian Fan Vora, Hita Li, Xia Calhoun, William J. Castro, Mario Sienra-Monge, Juan J. del Rio-Navarro, Blanca Deichmann, Klaus A. Heinzmann, Andrea Wenzel, Sally E. Busse, William W. Gern, James E. Lemanske, Robert F., Jr. Beaty, Terri H. Bleecker, Eugene R. Raby, Benjamin A. Meyers, Deborah A. London, Stephanie J. Gilliland, Frank D. Burchard, Esteban G. Martinez, Fernando D. Weiss, Scott T. Williams, L. Keoki Barnes, Kathleen C. Ober, Carole Nicolae, Dan L. CA Mexico City Childhood Asthma Childrens Hlth Study HARBORS Study Study Genes Environm Admixture Study African Amer Asthma CARE Network CAMP SAPPHIRE GRAAD Study TI Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of asthma in ethnically diverse North American populations SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ORMDL3 EXPRESSION; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; VARIANTS; 17Q21; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SEQUENCE; CHILDREN; ONSET; GENE AB Asthma is a common disease with a complex risk architecture including both genetic and environmental factors. We performed a meta-analysis of North American genome-wide association studies of asthma in 5,416 individuals with asthma (cases) including individuals of European American, African American or African Caribbean, and Latino ancestry, with replication in an additional 12,649 individuals from the same ethnic groups. We identified five susceptibility loci. Four were at previously reported loci on 17q21, near IL1RL1, TSLP and IL33, but we report for the first time, to our knowledge, that these loci are associated with asthma risk in three ethnic groups. In addition, we identified a new asthma susceptibility locus at PYHIN1, with the association being specific to individuals of African descent (P = 3.9 x 10(-9)). These results suggest that some asthma susceptibility loci are robust to differences in ancestry when sufficiently large samples sizes are investigated, and that ancestry-specific associations also contribute to the complex genetic architecture of asthma. C1 [Torgerson, Dara G.; Capurso, Daniel; Myers, Rachel A.; Abel, Rebekah A.; Ross, Kevin D.; Ober, Carole; Nicolae, Dan L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ampleford, Elizabeth J.; Li, Xingnan; Bleecker, Eugene R.; Meyers, Deborah A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Ctr Genom, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Chiu, Grace Y.] Westat Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gauderman, W. James; Baurley, James W.; Conti, David V.; Van Den Berg, David J.; Salam, Muhammad T.; Vora, Hita; Li, Xia; Gilliland, Frank D.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Gignoux, Christopher R.; Eng, Celeste; Roth, Lindsey A.; Hu, Donglei; Galanter, Joshua; Huntsman, Scott; Burchard, Esteban G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Graves, Penelope E.; Stern, Debra A.; Martinez, Fernando D.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Resp Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Graves, Penelope E.; Stern, Debra A.; Martinez, Fernando D.] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ USA. [Himes, Blanca E.; Israel, Elliott; Raby, Benjamin A.; Weiss, Scott T.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Himes, Blanca E.; Israel, Elliott; Raby, Benjamin A.; Weiss, Scott T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Levin, Albert M.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI USA. [Mathias, Rasika A.; Rafaels, Nicholas; Togias, Alkis; Hansel, Nadia N.; Diette, Gregory B.; Adkinson, N. Franklin; Mantese, Vito J.; Barnes, Kathleen C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hancock, Dana B.; Shi, Min; London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Celedon, Juan C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Div Pediat Pulmonol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Soto-Quiros, Manuel; Avila, Lydiana] Hosp Nacl Ninos Dr Carlos Saenz Herrera, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Romieu, Isabelle] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Hansel, Nadia N.; Diette, Gregory B.; Ford, Jean G.; Beaty, Terri H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hernandez, Ryan D.; Burchard, Esteban G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Avila, Pedro C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Rodriquez-Santana, Jose R.] Ctr Neumol Pediat, San Juan, PR USA. [Chapela, Rocio] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Cintron, William] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Juan, PR USA. [Faruque, Mezbah U.] Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Community & Family Med, Washington, DC USA. [Dunston, Georgia M.] Howard Univ, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Watson, Harold R.] Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, St Michael, Barbados. [Watson, Harold R.] Queen Elizabeth Hosp, St Michael, Barbados. [Ezurum, Serpil C.] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Ezurum, Serpil C.] Cleveland Clin, Resp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Liang, Liming] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liang, Liming] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ruczinski, Ingo] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Chung, Kian Fan] Imperial Coll Sch Med, London, England. [Calhoun, William J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX USA. [Castro, Mario] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Sienra-Monge, Juan J.; del Rio-Navarro, Blanca] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Deichmann, Klaus A.; Heinzmann, Andrea] Univ Freiburg, Dept Pediat, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. [Wenzel, Sally E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Busse, William W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Lemanske, Robert F., Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Williams, L. Keoki] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Dept Internal Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Nicolae, Dan L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Nicolae, Dan L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Nicolae, DL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM nicolae@galton.uchicago.edu RI Hancock, Dana/D-8577-2012; OI Hancock, Dana/0000-0003-2240-3604; Chung, Kian Fan/0000-0001-7101-1426; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Office of the Director, NIH; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL087665, HL070831, HL072414, HL049596, HL064307, HL064313, HL075419, HL65899, HL083069, HL066289, HL101543, HL101651, HL079055, HL087699, HL49612, HL075417, HL04266, HL072433, HL061768, HL076647, HL087680, HL078885, HL088133, HL87665, HL69116, HL69130, HL69149]; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease [AI070503, AI079139, AI061774, AI50024, AI44840, AI41040, AI077439]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK064695]; National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [ES09606, ES018176, ES015903, ES007048, ES009581, R826708, RD831861, ES011627, ES015794]; Division of Intramural Research [Z01 ES049019]; National Center for Research Resources [RR03048]; Environmental Protection Agency [83213901, R-826724]; American Asthma Foundation; Fund for Henry Ford Hospital; Mary Beryl Patch Turnbull Scholar Program; National Council of Science and Technology (Mexico) [26206-M]; Centers for Disease Control, US; Eudowood Foundation; Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI); Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF); Sandler Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the Office of the Director, NIH to C.O. and D.L.N. and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL101651 to C.O. and D.L.N.; HL087665 to D.L.N.; HL070831, HL072414 and HL049596 to C.O.; HL064307 and HL064313 to F. D. M.; HL075419, HL65899, HL083069, HL066289, HL087680, HL101543 and HL101651 to S. T. W.; HL079055 to L. K. W.; HL087699, HL49612, HL075417, HL04266 and HL072433 to K. C. B.; HL061768 and HL076647 to F. D. G.; HL087680 to W. J. G.; HL078885 and HL088133 to E. G. B.; HL87665 to D. A. M.; and HL69116, HL69130, HL69149, HL69155, HL69167, HL69170, HL69174 and HL69349 to D. A. M., E. R. B., W. W. B., W. J. C., M. C., K. F. C., S. C. E., E. I. and S. E. W.), the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease (AI070503 to C.O.; AI079139 and AI061774 to L. K. W.; AI50024, AI44840 and AI41040 to K. C. B.; and AI077439 to E. G. B.), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to L. K. W. (DK064695); the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (ES09606, ES018176 and ES015903 to K. C. B.; ES007048, ES009581, R826708, RD831861 and ES011627 to F. D. G.; ES015794 to E. G. B.; and the Division of Intramural Research, Z01 ES049019, to S. J. L.); the National Center for Research Resources (RR03048 to K. C. B.), the Environmental Protection Agency (83213901 and R-826724 to K. C. B.), the American Asthma Foundation and the Fund for Henry Ford Hospital (to L. K. W.), Mary Beryl Patch Turnbull Scholar Program (to K. C. B.), the National Council of Science and Technology (Mexico) (26206-M to I. Ruczinski), the Centers for Disease Control, US (to I. Ruczinski), the Eudowood Foundation (to N. N. H.); and the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI), Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) Amos Medical Faculty Development Award, the American Asthma Foundation, and the Sandler Foundation (to E. G. B.). NR 26 TC 290 Z9 297 U1 5 U2 42 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 43 IS 9 BP 887 EP U103 DI 10.1038/ng.888 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 812XE UT WOS:000294325800017 PM 21804549 ER PT J AU Fry, JA Xian, G Jin, SM Dewitz, JA Homer, CG Yang, LM Barnes, CA Herold, ND Wickham, JD AF Fry, Joyce A. Xian, George Jin, Suming Dewitz, Jon A. Homer, Collin G. Yang, Limin Barnes, Christopher A. Herold, Nathaniel D. Wickham, James D. TI NATIONAL LAND COVER DATABSE FOR THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED SATES SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID THEMATIC ACCURACY; STATES; COMPLETION C1 [Herold, Nathaniel D.] NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. EM jfry@usgs.gov; xian@usgs.gov; sjin@usgs.gov; dewitz@usgs.gov; homer@usgs.gov; lyang@usgs.gov; barnes@usgs.gov; nate.herold@noaa.gov; Wickham.James@epamail.epa.gov RI Barnes, Christopher/E-7836-2015 FU MRLC Consortium; SGT under U.S. Geological Survey [G10PC00044]; ASRC under U.S. Geological Survey [G08PC91508] FX Research, development, and production efforts for NLCD 2006 data products and supplementary layers result from the cooperative efforts of several teams of dedicated individuals. Because of the number of individuals involved, they cannot all be properly acknowledged here. We would like to acknowledge the many organizations that made this work possible especially the support of the individuals and agencies of the MRLC Consortium, in addition to Federal and Federal contractor mapping teams. We would also like to acknowledge all of the organizations, agencies, and individuals who provided training data for NLCD 2006 modeling. This study is made possible in part by SGT under U.S. Geological Survey contract G10PC00044 and by ASRC under U.S. Geological Survey contract G08PC91508. NR 24 TC 147 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 77 IS 9 SI SI BP 859 EP 864 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 812VQ UT WOS:000294321400001 ER PT J AU Davey, E Wigand, C Johnson, R Sundberg, K Morris, J Roman, CT AF Davey, Earl Wigand, Cathleen Johnson, Roxanne Sundberg, Karen Morris, James Roman, Charles T. TI Use of computed tomography imaging for quantifying coarse roots, rhizomes, peat, and particle densities in marsh soils SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bulk density; CAT scan; CT imaging; ecosystem services; eutrophication; monitoring program; particle density; peat; rhizomes; roots; sea level rise; Spartina alterniflora ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; SALT MARSHES; METABOLIC RESPONSES; AIDED TOMOGRAPHY; COASTAL WETLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOMASS; EUTROPHICATION; VEGETATION AB Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been used to describe and quantify subtidal, benthic animals such as polychaetes, amphipods, and shrimp. Here, for the first time, CT imaging is used to quantify wet mass of coarse roots, rhizomes, and peat in cores collected from organic-rich (Jamaica Bay, New York) and mineral (North Inlet, South Carolina) Spartina alterniflora soils. Image analysis software was coupled with the CT images to measure abundance and diameter of the coarse roots and rhizomes in marsh soils. Previously, examination of marsh roots and rhizomes was limited to various hand-sieving methods that were often time-consuming, tedious, and error prone. CT imaging can discern the coarse roots, rhizomes, and peat based on their varying particle densities. Calibration rods composed of materials with standard densities (i.e., air, water, colloidal silica, and glass) were used to operationally define the specific x-ray attenuations of the coarse roots, rhizomes, and peat in the marsh cores. Significant regression relationships were found between the CT-determined wet mass of the coarse roots and rhizomes and the hand-sieved dry mass of the coarse roots and rhizomes in both the organic-rich and mineral marsh soils. There was also a significant relationship between the soil percentage organic matter and the CT-determined peat particle density among organic-rich and mineral soils. In only the mineral soils, there was a significant relationship between the soil percentage organic matter and the CT-determined peat wet mass. Using CT imaging, significant positive nitrogen fertilization effects on the wet masses of the coarse roots, rhizomes, and peat, and the abundance and diameter of rhizomes were measured in the mineral soils. In contrast, a deteriorating salt marsh island in Jamaica Bay had significantly less mass of coarse roots and rhizomes at depth (10-20 cm), and a significantly lower abundance of roots and rhizomes compared with a stable marsh. However, the diameters of the rhizomes in the deteriorating marsh were significantly greater than in the stable marsh. CT imaging is a rapid approach to quantify coarse roots, rhizomes, peat, and soil particle densities in coastal wetlands, but the method is unable at this time to quantify fine roots. C1 [Davey, Earl; Wigand, Cathleen; Johnson, Roxanne] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Sundberg, Karen; Morris, James] Univ S Carolina, Belle W Baruch Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Roman, Charles T.] Univ Rhode Isl, Natl Pk Serv, N Atlantic Coast Cooperat Ecosyst Studies Unit, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM wigand.cathleen@epa.gov FU Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Science FX C. Wigand and E. Davey contributed equally to the research reported in this paper. C. Wigand is grateful for a visiting scientist award (2007-2008) from the Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Science, which supported part of this study. We are grateful to Patricia Rafferty (National Park Service), Sarah Corman, Alana Hanson, Liz Gamez, Matt Holt, Jim Heltshe, and Glen Thursby for assistance in the field, laboratory, and with data analyses. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. This report, contribution number AED-10-063, has been reviewed technically by the U. S. EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 44 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 2156 EP 2171 DI 10.1890/10-2037.1 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 810VM UT WOS:000294155900022 PM 21939051 ER PT J AU Wang, RL Bencic, D Lazorchak, J Villeneuve, D Ankley, GT AF Wang, Rong-Lin Bencic, David Lazorchak, Jim Villeneuve, Daniel Ankley, Gerald T. TI Transcriptional regulatory dynamics of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and its peripheral pathways as impacted by the 3-beta HSD inhibitor trilostane in zebrafish (Danio rerio) SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Trilostane; HPG-axis; Transcription networks; Biological pathways ID 3-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE INHIBITOR; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; GENE-EXPRESSION; STEROID BIOSYNTHESIS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; DNA-BINDING; MICROARRAY; RECEPTORS AB To study mechanisms underlying generalized effects of 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B) inhibition, reproductively mature zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to trilostane at two dosages for 24, 48, or 96 h and their gonadal RNA samples profiled with Agilent zebrafish microarrays. Trilostane had substantial impact on the transcriptional dynamics of zebrafish, as reflected by a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including transcription factors (TFs), altered TF networks, signaling pathways, and Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes. Changes in gene expression between a treatment and its control were mostly moderate, ranging from 1.3 to 2.0 fold. Expression of genes coding for HSD3B and many of its transcriptional regulators remained unchanged, suggesting transcriptional up-regulation is not a primary compensatory mechanism for HSD3B enzyme inhibition. While some trilostane-responsive TFs appear to share cellular functions linked to endocrine disruption, there are also many other DEGs not directly linked to steroidogenesis. Of the 65 significant TF networks, little similarity, and therefore little cross-talk, existed between them and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The most enriched GO biological processes are regulations of transcription. phosphorylation, and protein kinase activity. Most of the impacted TFs and TF networks are involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. While these functions are fairly broad, their underlying TF networks may be useful to development of generalized toxicological screening methods. These findings suggest that trilostane-induced effects on fish endocrine functions are not confined to the HPG-axis alone. Its impact on corticosteroid synthesis could also have contributed to some system wide transcriptional changes in zebrafish observed in this study. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wang, Rong-Lin; Bencic, David; Lazorchak, Jim] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Wang, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wang.rong-lin@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU National Center for Computational Toxicology of the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA); Mid-Continent Ecology Division (National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) in Duluth, MN, USA FX This work was supported in part by an award from the National Center for Computational Toxicology of the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) to the Ecological Exposure Research and Ecosystem Research Divisions (National Exposure Research Laboratory) in Cincinnati. Ohio, and Athens, Georgia, USA, respectively, and the Mid-Continent Ecology Division (National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) in Duluth, MN, USA. The paper has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication as a U.S. EPA document. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1461 EP 1470 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.05.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 810DO UT WOS:000294105800002 PM 21570121 ER PT J AU Yang, L Wu, Y Davis, JM Hao, JM AF Yang, Liu Wu, Ye Davis, Jerry M. Hao, Jiming TI Estimating the effects of meteorology on PM2.5 reduction during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China SO FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING IN CHINA LA English DT Article DE meteorology; emission control measures; Beijing Olympic Games; PM2.5; linear statistical models ID AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; OZONE AIR-QUALITY; CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; MAJOR ROADS; EMISSIONS; AEROSOL; PM10; SIZE; TEMPERATURE AB Particulate pollution was a critical challenge to the promise of good air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, which took place from August 8th to 24th. To ensure good air quality for the Games, several temporary emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding areas. Ambient particulate matter concentration decreased significantly during the Olympic period; however, it is difficult to distinguish the effectiveness of those control measures since meteorology also affects ambient PM2.5 concentration. In this work, a multiple linear regression model based on continuous field monitoring at a roadside site was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorology and emission control measures on the reduction of PM2.5 during the 2008 Olympic Games. The hourly data set was divided into two time periods, the no control period, June 22nd to July 4th, and the control period, July 28th to August 21st. The response variable was PM2.5 and the meteorology covariates used in the model were hourly temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed and precipitation. Wind direction was not a significant predictor of PM2.5 levels in either the control or the no control period. Using the meteorologically-based regression coefficients from the two time periods, meteorology was found to contribute to at least a 16% reduction in PM2.5 levels in the roadside microenvironment; while the pollution control measures contributed to at least a 43% reduction in PM2.5 levels. C1 [Yang, Liu; Wu, Ye; Hao, Jiming] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Davis, Jerry M.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Raleigh, NC 27513 USA. RP Hao, JM (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM hjm-den@tsinghua.edu.cn RI hui, wanghui/C-5671-2008; Wu, Ye/O-9779-2015 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50908121, 20521140077] FX The research described in this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50908121 and 20521140077). We would like to thank the following statisticians who gave freely of their time to help us: Dr. John Monahan, N.C. State University; Dr. Paul Speckman, University of Missouri; Dr. Kristen Foley, Dr. Jenise Swall, and Mr. Bill Cox, US Environmental Protection Agency; Dr. Amy Nail, National Institute of Statistical Sciences. We would also like to thank Dr. Prakash Bhave of the US Environmental Protection Agency for his helpful comments on atmospheric chemistry. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 39 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA SHATANHOU ST 55, BEIJING 100009, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1673-7415 J9 FRONT ENVIRON SCI EN JI Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China PD SEP PY 2011 VL 5 IS 3 BP 331 EP 341 DI 10.1007/s11783-011-0307-5 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 811OO UT WOS:000294221500004 ER PT J AU Williams, AH Smith, JT Hudgens, EE Rhoney, S Ozkaynak, H Hamilton, RG Gallagher, JE AF Williams, Ann Houston Smith, James Travis Hudgens, Edward E. Rhoney, Scott Oezkaynak, Haluk Hamilton, Robert G. Gallagher, Jane E. TI Allergens in Household Dust and Serological Indicators of Atopy and Sensitization in Detroit Children with History-Based Evidence of Asthma SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Immunological measurements; IgE; home exposure; intervention ID FEL-D-I; INDOOR ALLERGENS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; DOG ALLERGEN; CAT ALLERGEN; US HOMES; F-I; NATIONAL-SURVEY; RISK-FACTORS; SCHOOL DUST AB Background. Home exposure to allergens is an important factor in the development of sensitization and subsequent exacerbations of allergic asthma. We investigated linkages among allergen exposure, immunological measurements, and asthma by examining (1) reservoir dust allergen levels in homes, (2) associations between presence of allergens in homes and sensitization status of resident children, and (3) associations between asthma status and total IgE, atopy (by Phadiatop), and positive allergen-specific tests. Methods. The study protocol was approved by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Westat, Inc.; and the US Environmental Protection Agency Human Research Protocol Office. Data were collected from questionnaires, serum analyses, and household vacuum dust. Children (n = 205) were predominately African American (AA) (85.4%) and 51.6% were asthmatic. Sera from 185 children and home dust samples (n = 141) were analyzed for total and specific IgE antibodies to allergens from cat and dog dander, cockroach, dust mites, mice, rats, and molds. Results. Sixty percent of the homes had detectable levels of three or more dust allergens. The proportions of children with positive allergen-specific IgE tests were dust mite (32%), dog (28%), cat (23%), cockroach (18%), mouse (5%), rat (4%), and molds (24-36%). Children testing positive to a single allergen also had positive responses to other allergens. Those children with positive serum tests for cat, dog, and dust mite lived in homes with detectable levels of cat (51%), dog (90%), and dust mite (Der f 1) (92%) allergens. Correlations between children's specific IgE levels and dust levels were linearly related for dog (p < .04), but not for cat (p = .12) or dust mite (Der f 1) (p = .21). Odds ratios (95% CI) for the associations between asthma and serum-specific IgE were over 1.0 for cat, dog, dust mite (Der f 1), cockroach, and four types of molds. House dust allergen exposure levels, however, exhibited no differences between asthmatic and non-asthmatic homes. Conclusions. Both the co-occurrence of multiple allergens in dust and the high frequency of multiple allergen sensitizations indicate that a broad-based intervention aimed at reducing multiple allergens (pets, pests, and molds) would be more successful than any approach that aimed at reducing one type of allergen. C1 [Williams, Ann Houston; Smith, James Travis; Hudgens, Edward E.; Rhoney, Scott; Gallagher, Jane E.] US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hamilton, Robert G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Williams, AH (reprint author), US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM williams.annh@epa.gov FU US EPA; EPA [EP-D-07-109, EP-D-07-009, EP-D-06-114] FX The information in this document has been funded by the US EPA. It has been subjected to review by EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency.; The authors claim no conflicts of interest. The work was supported by EPA contracts #EP-D-07-109 to Westat, Inc.; #EP-D-07-009 to RTI; and #EP-D-06-114 to Johns Hopkins University-DACI Laboratory. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD SEP PY 2011 VL 48 IS 7 BP 674 EP 684 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.599909 PG 11 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 810ID UT WOS:000294118100004 PM 21827376 ER PT J AU Compton, JE Church, MR AF Compton, Jana E. Church, M. Robbins TI Salt Additions Alter Short-term Nitrogen and Carbon Mobilization in a Coastal Oregon Andisol SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; FOREST SOILS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; SURFACE WATERS; SEA SALTS; STREAM; NITRATE; NITRIFICATION; ACIDIFICATION AB Deposition of sea salts is commonly elevated along the coast relative to inland areas, yet little is known about the effects on terrestrial ecosystem biogeochemistry. We examined the influence of NaCl concentrations on N, C, and P leaching from a coastal Oregon forest Andisol in two laboratory studies: a rapid batch extraction (similar to 1 d) and a month-long incubation using microlysimeters. In the rapid extractions, salt additions immediately mobilized significant amounts of ammonium and phosphate but not nitrate. In the month-long incubations, salt additions at concentrations in the range of coastal precipitation increased nitrate leaching from the microcosms by nearly 50% and reduced the mobility of dissolved organic carbon. Our findings suggest that coupled abiotic-biotic effects increase nitrate mobility in these soils: exchange of sodium for ammonium, then net nitrification. Changes in sea salt deposition to land and the interactions with coastal soils could alter the delivery of N and C to sensitive coastal waters. C1 [Compton, Jana E.; Church, M. Robbins] NHEERL, US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Compton, JE (reprint author), NHEERL, US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 300 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM compton.jana@epa.gov FU USEPA FX The authors thank William Hogsett, Scott Larned, Gary Lovett, Steven Perakis, and Dave Myrold for helpful early discussions of this work. Janice Cabrera-Frias contributed vitally to the design, sampling, and laboratory study. Kathy Motter led the Willamette Research Station staff in soil extract analyses. We also thank Peter Groffman, Randy Dahlgren, and Robert Ozretich for comments on this manuscript. This work was funded by USEPA, and this document has been approved for publication by the USEPA. Mention of trade names does not constitute endorsement. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1601 EP 1606 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0013 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 811VR UT WOS:000294244800028 PM 21869523 ER PT J AU Itsko, M Schaaper, RM AF Itsko, Mark Schaaper, Roel M. TI The dgt gene of Escherichia coli facilitates thymine utilization in thymine-requiring strains SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEOXYGUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE TRIPHOSPHOHYDROLASE; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE KINASES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; WILD-TYPE; REPLICATION; MUTANTS; DEATH; DEOXYCYTIDINE; METABOLISM AB The Escherichia coli dGTP triphosphohydrolase (dGTPase) encoded by the dgt gene catalyses the hydrolysis of dGTP to deoxyguanosine and triphosphate. The recent discovery of a mutator effect associated with deletion of dgt indicated participation of the triphosphohydrolase in preventing mutagenesis. Here, we have investigated the possible involvement of dgt in facilitating thymine utilization through its ability to provide intracellular deoxyguanosine, which is readily converted by the DeoD phosphorylase to deoxyribose-1-phosphate, the critical intermediate that enables uptake and utilization of thymine. Indeed, we observed that the minimal amount of thymine required for growth of thymine-requiring (thyA) strains decreased with increased expression level of the dgt gene. As expected, this dgt-mediated effect was dependent on the DeoD purine nucleoside phosphorylase. We also observed that thyA strains experience growth difficulties upon nutritional shift-up and that the dgt gene facilitates adaptation to the new growth conditions. Blockage of the alternative yjjG (dUMP phosphatase) pathway for deoxyribose-1-phosphate generation greatly exacerbated the severity of thymine starvation in enriched media, and under these conditions the dgt pathway becomes crucial in protecting the cells against thymineless death. Overall, our results suggest that the dgt-dependent pathway for deoxyribose-1-phosphate generation may operate under various cell conditions to provide deoxyribosyl donors. C1 [Itsko, Mark; Schaaper, Roel M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Schaaper, RM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM schaaper@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES101905] FX We thank Drs S. Covo and M. Young of the NIEHS for their critical reading of the manuscript for this article and helpful comments. We thank Dr J. Drake (NIEHS) for providing the bacteriophage T4 and E. coli optA1 strains, and the National Institute of Genetics, Japan, for strain JD20450. This research was supported by project number ES101905 of the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1221 EP 1232 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07756.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 811MC UT WOS:000294214100009 PM 21736641 ER PT J AU Pleim, J Ran, LM AF Pleim, Jonathan Ran, Limei TI Surface Flux Modeling for Air Quality Applications SO ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE dry deposition; bi-directional fluxes AB For many gasses and aerosols, dry deposition is an important sink of atmospheric mass. Dry deposition fluxes are also important sources of pollutants to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The surface fluxes of some gases, such as ammonia, mercury, and certain volatile organic compounds, can be upward into the air as well as downward to the surface and therefore should be modeled as bi-directional fluxes. Model parameterizations of dry deposition in air quality models have been represented by simple electrical resistance analogs for almost 30 years. Uncertainties in surface flux modeling in global to mesoscale models are being slowly reduced as more field measurements provide constraints on parameterizations. However, at the same time, more chemical species are being added to surface flux models as air quality models are expanded to include more complex chemistry and are being applied to a wider array of environmental issues. Since surface flux measurements of many of these chemicals are still lacking, resistances are usually parameterized using simple scaling by water or lipid solubility and reactivity. Advances in recent years have included bi-directional flux algorithms that require a shift from pre-computation of deposition velocities to fully integrated surface flux calculations within air quality models. Improved modeling of the stomatal component of chemical surface fluxes has resulted from improved evapotranspiration modeling in land surface models and closer integration between meteorology and air quality models. Satellite-derived land use characterization and vegetation products and indices are improving model representation of spatial and temporal variations in surface flux processes. This review describes the current state of chemical dry deposition modeling, recent progress in bi-directional flux modeling, synergistic model development research with field measurements, and coupling with meteorological land surface models. C1 [Pleim, Jonathan] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ran, Limei] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Pleim, J (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleim.jon@epa.gov; lran@unc.edu RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 142 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4433 J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL JI Atmosphere PD SEP PY 2011 VL 2 IS 3 BP 271 EP 302 DI 10.3390/atmos2030271 PG 32 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V29ES UT WOS:000208732300005 ER PT J AU Cohan, DS Napelenok, SL AF Cohan, Daniel S. Napelenok, Sergey L. TI Air Quality Response Modeling for Decision Support SO ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE sensitivity analysis; source apportionment; instrumented models; air quality modeling; review AB Air quality management relies on photochemical models to predict the responses of pollutant concentrations to changes in emissions. Such modeling is especially important for secondary pollutants such as ozone and fine particulate matter which vary nonlinearly with changes in emissions. Numerous techniques for probing pollutant-emission relationships within photochemical models have been developed and deployed for a variety of decision support applications. However, atmospheric response modeling remains complicated by the challenge of validating sensitivity results against observable data. This manuscript reviews the state of the science of atmospheric response modeling as well as efforts to characterize the accuracy and uncertainty of sensitivity results. C1 [Cohan, Daniel S.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Napelenok, Sergey L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cohan, DS (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 6100 Main St MS 519, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM cohan@rice.edu; napelenok.sergey@epa.gov RI Cohan, Daniel/E-6595-2010; Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014 OI Cohan, Daniel/0000-0003-0415-7980; Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445 FU National Science Foundation [087386] FX The work of Cohan was supported by National Science Foundation CAREER Award Grant 087386. Although this manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect the policy or views of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors would like to thank Kirk Baker for helpful input on the manuscript. NR 95 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4433 J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL JI Atmosphere PD SEP PY 2011 VL 2 IS 3 BP 407 EP 425 DI 10.3390/atmos2030407 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V29ES UT WOS:000208732300010 ER PT J AU Moore, CC Phaneuf, DJ Thurman, WN AF Moore, Christopher C. Phaneuf, Daniel J. Thurman, Walter N. TI A Bayesian Bioeconometric Model of Invasive Species Control: The Case of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bioeconometrics; Ecosystem services; Gibbs sampling; Hemlock woolly adelgid; Invasive species; Nonmarket valuation ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; INTERVAL DATA; SCOPE; CONSISTENCY; VALUES AB In this article we evaluate a US Forest Service plan to mitigate damages from an invasive insect on public, forested land. We develop a dynamic model of infestation and control to explicitly account for biological interactions, baseline conditions, and uncertainty, thus creating a more complete picture of policy impacts than a static cost benefit analysis could provide. We combine the results of the dynamic model with an empirical study of nonmarket forest benefits to create a bioeconomic model of ecosystem management. Estimating the empirical model in a Bayesian framework allows us to treat the economic coefficients of the dynamic model as random variables. We specify distributions for the biological parameters and examine the effects of both biological and economic uncertainty on the predictive distribution of net benefits. We find that the net benefits of the program are positive, and that uncertainty in the biological model contributes substantially more to the variance of our estimate than does uncertainty over the valuation of the resource. C1 [Moore, Christopher C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Phaneuf, Daniel J.; Thurman, Walter N.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Moore, CC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, NW, 1200 Penn Ave,MC 1809, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM moore.chris@epa.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 1 EP 26 DI 10.1007/s10640-011-9457-y PG 26 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 808HT UT WOS:000293969400001 ER PT J AU Smuleac, V Varma, R Sikdar, S Bhattacharyya, D AF Smuleac, V. Varma, R. Sikdar, S. Bhattacharyya, D. TI Green synthesis of Fe and Fe/Pd bimetallic nanoparticles in membranes for reductive degradation of chlorinated organics SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Microfiltration; Functionalization; Dechlorination; Water treatment; Iron nanoparticle; Nanotechnology ID VALENT IRON NANOPARTICLES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PD NANOPARTICLES; PD/FE NANOPARTICLES; TCE DECHLORINATION; NANOSCALE PD/FE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; PARTICLES; HYDRODECHLORINATION; ADSORPTION AB Membranes containing reactive nanoparticles (Fe and Fe/Pd) immobilized in a polymer film (polyacrylic acid, PAA-coated polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF membrane) are prepared by a new method. In the present work a biodegradable, non-toxic-"green" reducing agent, green tea extract was used for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis, instead of the well-known sodium borohydride. Green tea extract contains a number of polyphenols that can act as both chelating/reducing and capping agents for the nanoparticles. Therefore, the particles are protected from oxidation and aggregation, which increases their stability and longevity. The membrane supported NPs were successfully used for the degradation of a common and highly important pollutant, trichloroethylene (TCE). The rate of ICE degradation was found to increase linearly with the amount of Fe immobilized on the membrane, the surface normalized rate constant (k(SA)) being 0.005 L/m(2) h. The addition of a second catalytic metal, Pd, to form bimetallic Fe/Pd increased the k(SA) value to 0.008 L/m(2) h. For comparison purposes, Fe and Fe/Pd nanoparticles were synthesized in membranes using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. Although the initial k(SA) values for this case (for Fe) are one order of magnitude higher than the tea extract synthesized NPs, the rapid oxidation reduced their reactivity to less than 20% within 4 cycles. For the green tea extract NPs, the initial reactivity in the membrane domain was preserved even after 3 months of repeated use. The reactivity of TCE was verified with "real" water system. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Smuleac, V.; Bhattacharyya, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Varma, R.; Sikdar, S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bhattacharyya, D (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM db@engr.uky.edu FU NIEHS-SRP; DOE-KRCEE FX This work was supported by NIEHS-SRP, NIEHS-SRP Supplement grant and by DOE-KRCEE. NR 48 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 12 U2 106 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 379 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.054 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 809SJ UT WOS:000294076700013 PM 22228920 ER PT J AU Rhodes, ER Hamilton, DW See, MJ Wymer, L AF Rhodes, Eric R. Hamilton, Douglas W. See, Mary Jean Wymer, Larry TI Evaluation of hollow-fiber ultrafiltration primary concentration of pathogens and secondary concentration of viruses from water SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE MS2; Poliovirus; Cryptosporidium parvum; Hollow-fiber ultrafiltration; Celite ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; MULTIPLE MICROBE CLASSES; REAL-TIME PCR; TAP WATER; SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY; SURFACE-WATER; LARGE VOLUMES; DIVERSE MICROBES; CELL-LINE; SAMPLES AB Tangential flow hollow-fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) was evaluated for virus and Cryptosporidium parvum concentration from water. Recovery of viruses at a low filtration rate was found to be significantly greater than at a higher filtration rate, with the recoveries of bacteriophage MS2 at high and low filtration rates shown to be 64.7% and 98.7%, respectively. Poliovirus recoveries from tap water were similar to MS2, with recoveries of 62.9% and 104.5% for high and low filtration rates, respectively. C. parvum. which was only tested at high filtration rates, had an average recovery was 105.1%. In addition to the optimization of the primary concentration technique, this study also compared several secondary concentration procedures. The highest recovery (89.5%) of poliovirus from tap water concentrates was obtained when a beef extract-celite method was used and the virus was eluted from the celite with phosphate buffered saline, pH 9.0. When HFUF primary concentration and the optimal secondary concentration methods were combined, an average recovery of 97.0 +/- 35.6% or 89.3 +/- 19.3%, depending on spike level, was achieved for poliovirus. This study demonstrated that HFUF primary concentration method is effective at recovering MS2, poliovirus and C. parvum from large volumes of water and that beef extract-celite method is an effective secondary concentration method for the poliovirus tested. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rhodes, Eric R.; Hamilton, Douglas W.; See, Mary Jean] US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wymer, Larry] US EPA, Microbial Exposure Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rhodes, ER (reprint author), US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, 26 Martin Luther King Dr,MS-587, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Rhodes.Eric@epa.gov NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 2011 VL 176 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.05.031 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 809ED UT WOS:000294033700006 PM 21664379 ER PT J AU Benson, MH Garmestani, AS AF Benson, Melinda Harm Garmestani, Ahjond S. TI Can We Manage for Resilience? The Integration of Resilience Thinking into Natural Resource Management in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Natural resource management; Environmental management; Governance; Agencies ID ENDANGERED-SPECIES-ACT; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM; DISCONTINUITIES; CONSERVATION; GOVERNANCE; SCALE; NEPA AB The concept of resilience is now frequently invoked by natural resource agencies in the US. This reflects growing trends within ecology, conservation biology, and other disciplines acknowledging that social-ecological systems require management approaches recognizing their complexity. In this paper, we examine the concept of resilience and the manner in which some legal and regulatory frameworks governing federal natural resource agencies have difficulty accommodating it. We then use the U.S. Forest Service's employment of resilience as an illustration of the challenges ahead. C1 [Benson, Melinda Harm] Univ New Mexico, Dept Geog, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Benson, MH (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Geog, 1 Univ Ave,MSC01 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM mhbenson@unm.edu NR 53 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9693-5 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 804EF UT WOS:000293636400002 PM 21630111 ER PT J AU Lin, BB Morefield, PE AF Lin, Brenda B. Morefield, Philip E. TI The Vulnverability Cube: A Multi-Dimensional Framework for Assessing Relative Vulnerability SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Decision assessment; Vulnerability; National Estuary Program; Socioeconomic; Land use; Estuary condition; Typologies ID OF-MEXICO ESTUARIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INFORMATION OVERLOAD; ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; BENTHIC INDEX; SOCIAL VULNERABILITY; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; HUMAN IMPACT; RESILIENCE; QUALITY AB The diversity and abundance of information available for vulnerability assessments can present a challenge to decision-makers. Here we propose a framework to aggregate and present socioeconomic and environmental data in a visual vulnerability assessment that will help prioritize management options for communities vulnerable to environmental change. Socioeconomic and environmental data are aggregated into distinct categorical indices across three dimensions and arranged in a cube, so that individual communities can be plotted in a three-dimensional space to assess the type and relative magnitude of the communities' vulnerabilities based on their position in the cube. We present an example assessment using a subset of the USEPA National Estuary Program (NEP) estuaries: coastal communities vulnerable to the effects of environmental change on ecosystem health and water quality. Using three categorical indices created from a pool of publicly available data (socioeconomic index, land use index, estuary condition index), the estuaries were ranked based on their normalized averaged scores and then plotted along the three axes to form a vulnerability cube. The position of each community within the three-dimensional space communicates both the types of vulnerability endemic to each estuary and allows for the clustering of estuaries with like-vulnerabilities to be classified into typologies. The typologies highlight specific vulnerability descriptions that may be helpful in creating specific management strategies. The data used to create the categorical indices are flexible depending on the goals of the decision makers, as different data should be chosen based on availability or importance to the system. Therefore, the analysis can be tailored to specific types of communities, allowing a data rich process to inform decision-making. C1 [Lin, Brenda B.; Morefield, Philip E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lin, Brenda B.] AAAS Sci & Technol Policy Fellowship, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Lin, BB (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Climate Adaptat Flagship, 107-121 Stn St,Private Bag 1, Aspendale, Vic 3095, Australia. EM bbclin@gmail.com RI Lin, Brenda/A-8834-2011 OI Lin, Brenda/0000-0002-6011-9172 FU USEPA; AAAS FX We are grateful to our colleagues Susan Julius, Britta Bierwagen, Thomas Johnson, Chris Weaver, Amanda Babson, Anne Grambsch, and Michael Slimak in the Office of Research and Development, and to Tristan Peter-Contesse and Jeremy Martinich at the National Estuary Program for their many thoughtful comments while preparing this manuscript. Thank you to three reviewers for their thoughtful comments and suggestions that have significantly improved this article. We would also like to acknowledge the help of Yoojin Lin with the cube graphics in Fig. 4. All financial and in-kind support was provided from the USEPA and AAAS. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency or the American Association for the Advancement of Science. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 631 EP 643 DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9690-8 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 804EF UT WOS:000293636400021 PM 21638079 ER PT J AU Boyles, AL Harris, SF Rooney, AA Thayer, KA AF Boyles, Abee L. Harris, Shawn F. Rooney, Andrew A. Thayer, Kristina A. TI Forest Plot Viewer A New Graphing Tool SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; NONDIABETIC ADULTS; ASSOCIATION; INSULIN C1 [Boyles, Abee L.; Rooney, Andrew A.; Thayer, Kristina A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Natl Toxicol Program, Durham, NC USA. [Harris, Shawn F.] SRA Int Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Boyles, AL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Natl Toxicol Program, Durham, NC USA. EM boylesa@niehs.nih.gov OI Boyles, Abee/0000-0002-8711-2077 NR 8 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2011 VL 22 IS 5 BP 746 EP 747 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318225ba48 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 801NT UT WOS:000293447500024 PM 21811115 ER PT J AU Kanel, SR Al-Abed, SR AF Kanel, Sushil R. Al-Abed, Souhail R. TI Influence of pH on the transport of nanoscale zinc oxide in saturated porous media SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Carboxymethyl cellulose; Nanoscale zinc oxide; Subsurface environments; Transport; Sand packed column; Stabilizing agents ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE; IRON NANOPARTICLES; ZNO; AGGREGATION; BEHAVIOR; SIZE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOMATERIALS; PURIFICATION AB Widespread use of nanoscale zinc oxide (nZnO) in various fields causes subsurface environment contamination. Even though the transport of dissolved zinc ions in subsurface environments such as soils and sediments has been widely studied, the transport mechanism of nZnO in such environments is poorly understood. In addition, nZnO is often combined with stabilizers or dispersing agents to prevent its aggregation in products. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of pH on the transport properties of pristine nZnO and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stabilized nZnO (CMC-nZnO) suspensions in silica sand packed column under saturated flow conditions. Transport data were collected at different pHs (pHs: 3, 7, 9, and 11) under 1 mL/min flow rate conditions in a 1.1 cm diameter column. It is found that the transport trends of pristine nZnO and CMC-nZnO were different. For pristine nZnO, mobility of total Zn reached a minimum around its point of zero charge (pH 8.9). Whereas in the case of CMC-nZnO, the mobility of total Zn decreased as the pH of the solution pH increased from 3 to 11. ZnO and Zn ion mixture were separated using diafiltration membrane. It showed that most of the nZnO and CMC-nZnO exists as Zn ion at pH 3 before and after eluting from the sand packed column whereas at pH 11, they exist as particles. This study shows the strong influence of pH and stabilizing agents on nZnO transport. These factors should be considered during subsurface transport of nZnO. C1 [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Kanel, Sushil R.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. RP Al-Abed, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov OI Kanel, Sushil/0000-0002-6805-4326 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio FX This research was funded by and conducted at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio. This paper has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Dr. Raghuraman Venkatapathy for his helpful suggestions. Authors acknowledge Dr. Mallikarjuna Nadagouda for performing XRD analysis, Mr. Phil Cluxton for constructing column experimental setups and gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance efforts of Ms. Catherine Loftspring and Mr. Jim Voit. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 13 IS 9 BP 4035 EP 4047 DI 10.1007/s11051-011-0345-8 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 806AQ UT WOS:000293773700043 ER PT J AU Murrell, MC Lehrter, JC AF Murrell, Michael C. Lehrter, John C. TI Sediment and Lower Water Column Oxygen Consumption in the Seasonally Hypoxic Region of the Louisiana Continental Shelf SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Gulf of Mexico; Sediment oxygen consumption; Plankton community respiration; Hypoxia ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; EUTROPHIC COASTAL ECOSYSTEM; PLANKTON RESPIRATION; NUTRIENT FLUXES; CHESAPEAKE BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BOTTOM WATERS; DELTA; PRODUCTIVITY AB We report integrated measurements of sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) and bottom water plankton community respiration rates (WR) during eight cruises from 2003 to 2007 on the Louisiana continental shelf (LCS) where hypoxia develops annually. Averaged by cruise, SOC ranged from 3.9 to 25.8 mmol O(2) m(-2) day(-1), whereas WR ranged from 4.1 to 10.8 mmol O(2) m(-3) day(-1). Total below-pycnocline respiration rates ranged from 46.4 to 104.5 mmol O(2) m(-2) day(-1). In general, below-pycnocline respiration showed low variability over a large geographic and temporal range, and exhibited no clear spatial or inter-annual patterns. SOC was strongly limited by dissolved oxygen (DO) in the overlying water; whereas, WR was insensitive to low DO, a relationship that may be useful for parameterizing future models. The component measures, WR and SOC, were similar to most prior measurements, both from the LCS and from other shallow estuarine and coastal environments. The contribution of SOC to total below-pycnocline respiration averaged 20 +/- 4%, a finding that differs from several prior LCS studies, but one that was well supported from the broader estuarine and oceanic literature. The data reported here add substantially to those available for the LCS, thus helping to better understand oxygen dynamics on the LCS. C1 [Murrell, Michael C.; Lehrter, John C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Murrell, MC (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM murrell.michael@epa.gov NR 43 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD SEP PY 2011 VL 34 IS 5 BP 912 EP 924 DI 10.1007/s12237-010-9351-9 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 798EQ UT WOS:000293185800003 ER PT J AU Oczkowski, AJ Lewis, FG Nixon, SW Edmiston, HL Robinson, RS Chanton, JP AF Oczkowski, Autumn J. Lewis, F. Graham Nixon, Scott W. Edmiston, H. Lee Robinson, Rebecca S. Chanton, Jeffrey P. TI Fresh Water Inflow and Oyster Productivity in Apalachicola Bay, FL (USA) SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Apalachicola Bay; Fresh water input; Oyster; Stable isotope; Nitrogen; Carbon ID RIVER-DOMINATED ESTUARY; NITROGEN ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; GULF-OF-MEXICO; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ORGANIC-MATTER; FLORIDA; PHYTOPLANKTON; NITRATE; POPULATION; DELTA-N-15 AB Apalachicola Bay lies at the mouth of the Apalachicola River, where seasonally variable freshwater inflows and shifting winds have long been thought to contribute to the support of an unusually productive and commercially important oyster fishery. Links between the river and productivity have been shown to lie in salinity-induced reductions in oyster predators and oyster disease as well as organic supplements from an extensive floodplain. Several studies have also indicated that nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) carried by the river are important in fertilization of bay primary production. While there is concern that upstream water withdrawals may impact the fishery, the importance of riverine N to oyster diets remains unclear. We measured N and carbon (C) stable isotopes (delta(15)N, delta(13)C) in macroalgae, surface-water nitrate, and surface sediments, which showed a gradient from enriched riverine delta(15)N values to more depleted values in the Gulf of Mexico. In contrast, delta(13)C of particulate matter is depleted in the river and enriched offshore. Oyster stable isotope values throughout Apalachicola Bay are more complex, but are dominated by freshwater inputs and reflect the variability and hydrodynamics of the riverine inflows. C1 [Oczkowski, Autumn J.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lewis, F. Graham] NW Florida Water Management Dist, Havana, FL 32333 USA. [Nixon, Scott W.; Robinson, Rebecca S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Edmiston, H. Lee] Off Coastal & Aquat Managed Areas, Environm Protect Dept, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Chanton, Jeffrey P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Oczkowski, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM oczkowski.autumn@epa.gov RI Ross, Donald/F-7607-2012; OI Ross, Donald/0000-0002-8659-3833; Oczkowski, Autumn/0000-0002-2421-0956 FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection; NOAA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Jenna Wanat from the Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve for her assistance in sample collection, Tiffany Heywood from the University of Rhode Island for laboratory assistance, Carol Thornber for macroalgae identification, and Rick McKinney from the U. S. EPA for use of the IRMS. This work was partially supported by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and by NOAA's Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship Program for A. Oczkowski. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency it has not been subjected to agency-level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number AED-10-062 of the EPA Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory at the Atlantic Ecology Division. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD SEP PY 2011 VL 34 IS 5 BP 993 EP 1005 DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9383-9 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 798EQ UT WOS:000293185800009 ER PT J AU Smucker, NJ Vis, ML AF Smucker, Nathan J. Vis, Morgan L. TI Acid mine drainage affects the development and function of epilithic biofilms in streams SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE extracellular enzyme activity (EEA); nutrient limitation; phosphatase; phosphorus; nitrogen; carbon; ecosystem function; succession; algae; periphyton; acid mine drainage (AMD); stream ID EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME-ACTIVITY; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; HEADWATER STREAMS; MOUNTAIN STREAMS; INVERTEBRATE DIVERSITY; PERIPHYTON COMMUNITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ALGAL COMMUNITIES; LITTER BREAKDOWN; WATER AB Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a legacy of historical coal mining that affects several thousand stream kilometers around the world by contributing high loads of acidity, SO42-, metals, and other cations. Most research has focused on how AMD affects diversity and structure of various biological assemblages, whereas considerably less has focused on functional processes in streams. We investigated how AMD from abandoned coal mines affects epilithic biofilm development and function. Algal biomass and accrual rates were significantly lower in AMD-affected stream reaches than in control streams. Biomass and accrual rates were lowest at intermediate AMD-affected sites (pH = 5.1-5.9), probably because copious amounts of AlOH3 precipitates smothered the benthic habitat. Ratios of beta-glucosidase (GLU):beta-xylosidase (XYLO) were significantly correlated with algal biomass (r = 0.60, p < 0.01), probably because algae are important sources of C that is readily broken down by bacterial GLU activity, whereas XYLO is mostly associated with C of allochthonous origin. Thus, reduced algal biomass could indirectly exacerbate AMD effects on bacterial function by providing less C needed for cellular functions. Ratios of phosphatase:leucine aminopeptidase significantly increased as pH decreased (R-2 = 0.88, p < 0.01). This increase indicated potential P limitation or stressful conditions for microbial communities because PO4-P readily adsorbs to metal hydroxides, rendering it biologically inaccessible. Ratios in 3 of 4 control streams indicated that N limitation may be more typical in unaffected streams of the region. Low algal biomass and potential P limitation of biofilms may indicate that AMD-affected streams have reduced capabilities to retain nutrients and energy needed to support healthy ecosystems. Considering the links between biofilm structure and function can provide a framework for developing management strategies to restore and conserve ecosystem processes, such as nutrient retention and spiraling, energy flow, food webs, and biodiversity. C1 [Smucker, Nathan J.; Vis, Morgan L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Smucker, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM smucker.nathan@epa.gov; vis-chia@ohio.edu FU Phycological Society of America; Ohio Biological Survey; Ohio University: Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary; Clippinger Fellowship; Graduate Student Senate grant FX Funding for this research was provided by a Phycological Society of America Grant-in-Aid of Research, the Ohio Biological Survey, and Ohio University: Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies Fellowship, Clippinger Fellowship, and a Graduate Student Senate grant. We thank Alex VandenBroek, Molly Semones, and Justin Pool for assistance with sampling and enzyme assays. Discussions with Jared De Forest helped shape this research, and we thank him for allowing us to use his equipment. Suggestions for manuscript improvement by Kelly Johnson and Brian McCarthy are also appreciated. We thank Daren Carlisle and 2 anonymous referees, whose feedback and critiques greatly improved the clarity and focus of this manuscript. NR 80 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 32 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 728 EP 738 DI 10.1899/10-139.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 799TD UT WOS:000293308100009 ER PT J AU Adhikari, S Karmahapatra, SK Elias, H Dhopeshwarkar, P Williams, RS Byers, S Uren, A Roy, R AF Adhikari, Sanjay Karmahapatra, Soumendra K. Elias, Hadi Dhopeshwarkar, Priyanka Williams, R. Scott Byers, Stephen Uren, Aykut Roy, Rabindra TI Development of a novel assay for human tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE DNA repair; Enzyme assay; Kinetics; TDP2; High-throughput screening ID TOPOISOMERASE-II; ANTITUMOR DRUGS; DAMAGE; REPAIR; CELLS; NUCLEI; ENZYME AB Tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2), a newly discovered enzyme that cleaves 5'-phosphotyrosyl bonds, is a potential target for chemotherapy. TDP2 possesses both 3'- and 5'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase activity, which is generally measured in a gel-based assay using 3'- and 5'-phosphotyrosyl linkage at the 3' and 5' ends of an oligonucleotide. To understand the enzymatic mechanism of this novel enzyme, the gel-based assay is useful, but this technique is cumbersome for TDP2 inhibitor screening. For this reason, we have designed a novel assay using p-nitrophenyl-thymidine-5'-phosphate (T5PNP) as a substrate. This assay can be used in continuous colorimetric assays in a 96-well format. We compared the salt and pH effect on product formation with the colorimetric and gel-based assays and showed that they behave similarly. Steady-state kinetic studies showed that the 5' activity of TDP2 is 1000-fold more efficient than T5PNP. Tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) and human AP-endonuclease 1 (APE1) could not hydrolyze T5PNP. Sodium orthovanadate, a known inhibitor of TDP2, inhibits product formation from T5PNP by TDP2 (IC(50) = 40 mM). Our results suggest that this novel assay system with this new TDP2 substrate can be used for inhibitor screening in a high-throughput manner. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Adhikari, Sanjay; Karmahapatra, Soumendra K.; Elias, Hadi; Dhopeshwarkar, Priyanka; Byers, Stephen; Uren, Aykut; Roy, Rabindra] Georgetown Univ, Dept Oncol, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Williams, R. Scott] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Adhikari, S (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Oncol, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM sa354@georgetown.edu RI Williams, Robert/A-6059-2015 FU American Cancer Society [IRG-92-152-17]; National Institutes of Health [RO1 CA 92306] FX This work was supported by American Cancer Society Grant IRG-92-152-17 (American Cancer Society Institutional Research Grant to S.A.) and National Institutes of Health Grant RO1 CA 92306 (to R.R.). We thank Elsevier Language Editing Services for editing the manuscript. We also thank Jordan Woodrick for critically reading the manuscript. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD SEP 1 PY 2011 VL 416 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2011.05.008 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 790XG UT WOS:000292623500015 PM 21620793 ER PT J AU Keene, M Pullin, AS AF Keene, Matt Pullin, Andrew S. TI Realizing an effectiveness revolution in environmental management SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Program evaluation; Adaptive management; Systematic review; Performance measurement; Policy effectiveness; Collaboration; Transparency and accountability; Information sharing ID CONSERVATION SCIENCE; SYSTEMATIC-REVIEWS; SENSOR NETWORKS; EVOLUTION; FUTURE; HEALTH; NEED AB The environmental movement of the 20(th) century has evolved into a large, diverse and well-financed global community that is increasingly required to prove its worth. Though the environmental sector collects and uses data to determine the status of ecological and social systems, the effectiveness of the programs and policies it uses to affect this status remains largely untested. As governments and donor institutions insist on greater transparency, accountability and evidence of what works and what does not, much is being learned from other fields (e.g. health services, education, international development) and increasingly sophisticated approaches are emerging to manage effectiveness. For example, program evaluation, adaptive management, and systematic review provide frameworks and methods to collect and use information to measure and improve performance. However, the critical data and collaborations necessary for an effectiveness revolution are marginalized by technical, cultural and political obstacles. Learning from other fields, the environmental sector must exploit key leverage points, such as flows of information and self-organization, to overcome impediments and create incentives to initiate and realize an era of effectiveness in environmental management. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Keene, Matt] US EPA, Off Policy, Evaluat Support Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pullin, Andrew S.] Bangor Univ, Ctr Evidence Based Conservat, Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. RP Keene, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Policy, Evaluat Support Div, MC 1807T,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM keene.matt@epamail.epa.gov; a.s.pullin@bangor.ac.uk NR 64 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 92 IS 9 BP 2130 EP 2135 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.03.035 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 788HO UT WOS:000292436200004 PM 21514717 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Concomitant degradation of bisphenol A during ultrasonication and Fenton oxidation and production of biofertilizer from wastewater sludge SO ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bisphenol A; Pre-treatment; Rheology; Zeta potential; Laccase activity ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; MASS-TRANSFER; LACCASE; PRETREATMENT; BIOFLOCCULATION; POLLUTANTS AB Degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, from wastewater sludge (WWS) has attracted great interest recently. In the present study, the effects of different pre-treatment methods, including ultrasonication (US), Fenton's oxidation (FO) and ferro-sonication (FS) was assessed in terms of increase in solubilization of WWS and simultaneous degradation of BPA. Among US, FO and FS pre-treatment, higher suspended solids (SS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble organic carbon (SOC) solubilization (39.7%, 51.2%, 64.5% and 17.6%, respectively) was observed during a ferro-sonication pre-treatment process carried out for 180 min, resulting in higher degradation of BPA (82.7%). In addition, the effect of rheological parameters (viscosity and particle size) and zeta potential on the degradation of BPA in raw and different pre-treated sludges were also investigated. The results showed that a decrease in viscosity and particle size and an increase in zeta potential resulted in higher degradation of BPA. BPA degradation by laccases produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti in raw and pre-treated sludge was also determined. Higher activity of laccases (207.9 U L(-1)) was observed in ferro-sonicated pre-treated sludge (180 min ultrasonic time), resulting in higher removal of BPA (0.083 mu g g(-1)), suggesting concomitant biological degradation of BPA. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [355254]; INRS-ETE FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant 355254, Canada Research Chair) and INRS-ETE for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4177 J9 ULTRASON SONOCHEM JI Ultrason. Sonochem. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1018 EP 1027 DI 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.03.013 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Chemistry GA 780ZA UT WOS:000291899200018 PM 21463964 ER PT J AU Smucker, NJ Vis, ML AF Smucker, Nathan J. Vis, Morgan L. TI Spatial factors contribute to benthic diatom structure in streams across spatial scales: Considerations for biomonitoring SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Acid mine drainage (AMD); Nutrients; Biological indicator; Biogeography; Metrics; Land use ID LAND-USE; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; WATER-QUALITY; MONITORING EUTROPHICATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ALGAL ASSEMBLAGES; PREDICTIVE MODELS; BOREAL STREAMS; UNITED-STATES; RIVERS AB Diatoms are widely used in the biological monitoring of streams because they are strong responders to environmental change, but dispersal and spatial factors can play important and potentially confounding roles in the presence, absence, and abundance of species along with characterizing species environment relationships. To examine how spatial factors affect diatom community structure and biomonitoring, multiple scales were sampled including the Western Allegheny Plateau (n = 58), Leading Creek watershed (n = 18), and the adjacent Shade River watershed (n = 21) in southeast Ohio. Partitioning of spatial, environmental, and spatially-structured environmental variation was conducted on diatom assemblages and on diatom metrics used in biomonitoring. At the regional scale, diatom assemblages and metrics had strong relationships with agricultural (e.g., significant correlations with nutrients, conductivity, and pasture/row crops in the watershed) and alkalinity gradients. Diatom assemblages and metrics in both watersheds were strongly associated with acid mine drainage (AMD) impacts, and when spatial factors were set as covariables in CCAs, relationships with AMD gradients became even stronger, indicating the need to consider how spatial factors could reduce the strength of diatom-environment relationships. Metrics calculated at all scales had very little variation explained exclusively by spatial factors, likely because multiple species are combined into a simplified metric that reduces the effects of species dispersal. Local environmental variables accounted for 57, 42, and 42% of the total variation explained (WE), and spatial variables accounted for 28, 31, and 37% of the WE in the regional, Leading Creek, and Shade River datasets, respectively. The amounts of variation in diatom assemblages explained solely by spatial factors at these scales were substantial and similar to what has been reported at continental, national, and large regional (Level I Omernik ecoregions) scales (approximately 1/3 of TVE). Although amounts of variation explained are similar across scales, processes underlying the spatial structure likely differ. In addition to describing ecological patterns, recognizing the potential influence of spatial factors could improve the identification and management of environmental problems at a range of scales, as well as aid in the development of new research questions and hypotheses aimed at exploring factors that could explain portions of the spatially explicit variation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smucker, Nathan J.; Vis, Morgan L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Smucker, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI USA. EM ns218005@ohio.edu; vis-chia@ohio.edu FU U.S. EPA [R831365]; Ohio University FX Data collection for this project was funded by a U.S. EPA STAR grant (R831365), and completion of this work was aided by funding from an Ohio University Clippinger Fellowship. We thank Emily Hollingsworth and Jason Zalack for sampling assistance, Dina Lopez and Prosper Gbolo for water chemistry analysis, James Dyer for compiling GIS data, Michael Hughes for assistance with creating a portion of the sampling map, and Ed Rankin for site selection and discussions on the topic. Suggestions for manuscript improvement by Jared DeForest, Kelly Johnson, and Brian McCarthy are also appreciated. NR 80 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD SEP PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1191 EP 1203 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.12.022 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 774TO UT WOS:000291409700021 ER PT J AU Gao, JJ Huang, XM Park, Y Hollenbeck, A Chen, HL AF Gao, Jianjun Huang, Xuemei Park, YikYung Hollenbeck, Albert Chen, Honglei TI An Exploratory Study on CLU, CR1 and PICALM and Parkinson Disease SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CLUSTERIN/APOLIPOPROTEIN-J; IDENTIFIES VARIANTS; RISK; DEMENTIA; AGGREGATION; CHOLESTEROL; RELATIVES AB Background: Recent GWAS and subsequent confirmation studies reported several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the CLU, CR1 and PICALM loci in association with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Parkinson disease (PD) shares several clinical and pathologic characteristics with AD; we therefore explored whether these SNPs were also associated with PD risk. Methodology/Principal Findings: 791 non-Hispanic Whites cases and 1,580 matched controls were included in the study. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from logistic regression models. rs11136000 at the CLU locus was associated with PD risk under the recessive model (comparing TT versus CC+CT: OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.92, p = 0.008) after adjusting for year of birth, gender, smoking, and caffeine intake. Further adjustment for family history of PD and ApoE epsilon 4 status did not change the result. In addition, we did not find evidence for effect modification by ApoE or known PD risk factors. The association, however, appeared to be stronger for PD with dementia (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27-0.91) than for PD without dementia (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.61-1.06). The two other SNPs, rs6656401 from CR1, and rs3851179 from PICALM region were not associated with PD (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our exploratory analysis suggests an association of CLU with PD. This exploratory finding and the role of dementia in explaining this finding needs further investigation. C1 [Gao, Jianjun; Chen, Honglei] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Huang, Xuemei] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Park, YikYung] NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Hollenbeck, Albert] AARP, Washington, DC USA. RP Gao, JJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM chenh2@niehs.nih.gov OI Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779; Park, Yikyung/0000-0002-6281-489X FU NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES-101986]; National Cancer Institute [Z01 CP010196-02] FX This study was supported by the intramural research program of the NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES-101986) and the National Cancer Institute (Z01 CP010196-02). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. None of the authors have financial conflict of interest. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 30 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 8 AR e24211 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0024211 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 817MS UT WOS:000294678300031 PM 21912625 ER PT J AU Akhtar, FH Pinder, RW Loughlin, DH Henze, DK AF Akhtar, Farhan H. Pinder, Robert W. Loughlin, Dan H. Henze, Daven K. TI Greenhouse gas and short-lived climate forcer policy: Concurrent mitigation of air pollution and climate change SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Akhtar, Farhan H.; Pinder, Robert W.; Loughlin, Dan H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM akhtar.farhan@epa.gov RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011 OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 476-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302762 ER PT J AU Al-Abed, SR Pinto, PX Jegadeesan, G AF Al-Abed, Souhail R. Pinto, Patricio X. Jegadeesan, Gautham TI Coal fly ash leaching studies: Metal release SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Pinto, Patricio X.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Environm Div, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Jegadeesan, Gautham] Gradient Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 7-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302796 ER PT J AU Anderson, LA Gonzalez, MA AF Anderson, Laura A. Gonzalez, Michael A. TI Organic synthesis in a Spinning Tube-in-Tube (STT (R)) reactor SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Anderson, Laura A.; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM anderson.laura@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 306-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378305200 ER PT J AU Barrett, MR Parker, RD AF Barrett, Michael R. Parker, Ronald D. TI Use of modeling and monitoring in pesticide exposure assessments in a regulatory context SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Barrett, Michael R.; Parker, Ronald D.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM barrett.michael@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 22-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300336 ER PT J AU Bloomer, B AF Bloomer, Bryan TI The US Environmental Protection Agency\'s research direction and sponsored projects SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Bloomer, Bryan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bloomer.bryan@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 469-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302754 ER PT J AU Brady, D AF Brady, Donald TI Overview of issues in aquatic exposure modeling in the US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Brady, Donald] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM brady.donald@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 35-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300384 ER PT J AU Chan, M DeVito, MJ Shafer, T Hughes, MF AF Chan, Melissa DeVito, Michael J. Shafer, Timothy Hughes, Michael F. TI Evaluating tools and models used for quantitative extrapolation of in vitro to in vivo data for neurotoxicants SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Chan, Melissa; DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Shafer, Timothy; Hughes, Michael F.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM chanp2@niehs.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 236-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300353 ER PT J AU Chang, DT Goldsmith, MR Tornero-Velez, R Chen, LJ Ulrich, E Lindstrom, AB Dary, CC AF Chang, Daniel T. Goldsmith, Michael-Rock Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Chen, Ling-Jen Ulrich, Elin Lindstrom, Andrew B. Dary, Curtis C. TI In silico strategies for modeling stereoselective hydrolysis rates of pyrethroids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Chang, Daniel T.; Goldsmith, Michael-Rock; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio; Ulrich, Elin; Lindstrom, Andrew B.; Dary, Curtis C.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chen, Ling-Jen] Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM chang.daniel@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 249-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300367 ER PT J AU Colon, D Anderson, JL Ashjaei, S AF Colon, Dalizza Anderson, James L. Ashjaei, Shadi TI Fate of sulfonylurea-bearing pharmaceutical compounds in aqueous, sediment, and soil systems SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Colon, Dalizza; Anderson, James L.; Ashjaei, Shadi] US EPA, NERL Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM colon.dalizza@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 405-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302691 ER PT J AU Davis, JL Tornero-Velez, R Setzer, RW AF Davis, Jimena L. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Setzer, R. Woodrow TI Computational approaches for developing informative prior distributions for Bayesian calibration of PBPK models SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Davis, Jimena L.; Setzer, R. Woodrow] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM davis.jimena@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 250-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300369 ER PT J AU Denton, DL Breuer, RS Williams, WM Hoogeweg, G Zhang, M AF Denton, Debra L. Breuer, Richard S. Williams, W. Martin Hoogeweg, Gerco Zhang, Minghua TI Prioritizing research and regulatory initiatives to minimize pesticide impacts on threatened and endangered species in California\'s Central Valley SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Denton, Debra L.] US EPA, Stand & TMDL Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Breuer, Richard S.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95691 USA. [Williams, W. Martin; Hoogeweg, Gerco] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Zhang, Minghua] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM Denton.Debra@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 23-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300346 ER PT J AU Furman, O Lau, B Landers, DH Erway, MM Usenko, S AF Furman, Olha Lau, Boris Landers, Dixon H. Erway, Marilyn Morrison Usenko, Sascha TI Spatial and temporal mercury fluxes in remote lake sediment cores from Western US National Parks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Furman, Olha; Lau, Boris] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Usenko, Sascha] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Usenko, Sascha] Baylor Univ, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Erway, Marilyn Morrison] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR USA. EM Olha_Furman@baylor.edu RI Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Usenko, Sascha/N-8730-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 139-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302410 ER PT J AU Gray, LE Wilson, VS Hartig, P Ankley, G AF Gray, Leon E., Jr. Wilson, Vickie S. Hartig, Phillip Ankley, Gerald TI Interspecies comparison of the mechanisms of toxicity and effects of veterinary pharmaceuticals with estrogenic or androgenic activity: Are we really living in a sea of estrogens? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Gray, Leon E., Jr.; Wilson, Vickie S.; Hartig, Phillip] US EPA, NHEERL, TAD, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Ankley, Gerald] US EPA, Midwest Ecol Div, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM gray.earl@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 163-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302437 ER PT J AU Han, C Pelaez, M Likomodios, V Kontos, AG Falaras, P de la Cruz, A Dionysiou, DD AF Han, Changseok Pelaez, Miguel Likomodios, Vlassis Kontos, Athanassios G. Falaras, Polycarpos de la Cruz, Armah Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Solvent effects on sulfur doped TiO2 films synthesized by a sol-gel method SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Han, Changseok; Pelaez, Miguel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Likomodios, Vlassis; Kontos, Athanassios G.; Falaras, Polycarpos] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Phys Chem, Attiki 15310, Greece. [de la Cruz, Armah] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 377-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302662 ER PT J AU Hassan, AA Li, Z Sahle-Demessie, EA Sorial, G AF Hassan, Ashraf Aly Li, Zhen Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew A. Sorial, George TI Retention of nanoparticles in sand filters at water treatment plant using CFD simulations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Li, Zhen; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hassan.ashraf@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 18-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378301592 ER PT J AU He, XX Rickman, KA Mezyk, SP de la Cruz, AA Dionysiou, DD AF He, Xuexiang Rickman, Kimberly A. Mezyk, Stephen P. de la Cruz, Armah A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Kinetics and pathways of the destruction of b-lactam antibiotics by hydroxyl radicals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Rickman, Kimberly A.; Mezyk, Stephen P.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Chem & Biochem, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hexa@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 329-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302615 ER PT J AU He, XX de la Cruz, AA Dionysiou, DD AF He, Xuexiang de la Cruz, Armah A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Hydroxyl radical promoted destruction of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin in UV-254 nm/H2O2 process SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 120-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302391 ER PT J AU Henze, D Pinder, R Akhtar, F Loughlin, D Spurr, R AF Henze, Daven Pinder, Robert Akhtar, Farhan Loughlin, Dan Spurr, Robert TI Linking sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol direct radiative forcing to source regions and sectors as a constraint on future emissions mitigation strategies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Henze, Daven] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Pinder, Robert; Akhtar, Farhan; Loughlin, Dan] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Spurr, Robert] RT Solut Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM daven.henze@colorado.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 426-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302711 ER PT J AU Hoogeweg, G Cheplick, M Williams, WM Denton, D Breuer, R AF Hoogeweg, Gerco Cheplick, Mark Williams, W. Martin Denton, Debra Breuer, Richard TI Large-scale modeling of historical pesticide applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Hoogeweg, Gerco; Cheplick, Mark; Williams, W. Martin] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Denton, Debra] US EPA, Stand & TMDL Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Breuer, Richard] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM hoogewegg@waterborne-env.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 95-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300448 ER PT J AU Hoogeweg, G Denton, D Breuer, RS Hancock, G TenBrook, P AF Hoogeweg, Gerco Denton, Debra Breuer, Richard S. Hancock, Gregg TenBrook, Patti TI Development of a spatial-temporal co-occurrence index to evaluate pesticide risks to threatened and endangered species SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Hoogeweg, Gerco; Hancock, Gregg] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Denton, Debra; Hancock, Gregg] US EPA, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Breuer, Richard S.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM hoogewegg@waterborne-env.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 221-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300338 ER PT J AU Hughes, MF Starr, JM Scollon, EJ DeVito, MJ AF Hughes, Michael F. Starr, James M. Scollon, Edward J. DeVito, Michael J. TI In vitro and in vivo experimental data for pyrethroid pharmacokinetic models: The case of bifenthrin SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Hughes, Michael F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Starr, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Scollon, Edward J.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hughes.michaelf@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 214-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300330 ER PT J AU Kenneke, JF Mazur, CS Holton, MR Sack, TJ AF Kenneke, John F. Mazur, Christopher S. Holton, Megan R. Sack, Thomas J. TI Species differences for the stereoselective carbonyl reduction of triadimefon to triadimenol and resulting stereoselective inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Kenneke, John F.; Mazur, Christopher S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM kenneke.john@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 55-TOXI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378307521 ER PT J AU Kotecha, R Szabo, J Schulz, M Shanov, V AF Kotecha, Rutvij Szabo, Jeff Schulz, Mark Shanov, Vesselin TI Disinfection of Bacillus spores in water using atmospheric pressure microwave plasma system SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Kotecha, Rutvij; Shanov, Vesselin] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Schulz, Mark] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Dynam Syst, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Szabo, Jeff] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Szabo, Jeff] Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM rutvij.kotecha@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 482-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302768 ER PT J AU Li, R Wiedinmyer, C Hannigan, MP Baker, KR AF Li, Rong Wiedinmyer, Christine Hannigan, Michael P. Baker, Kirk R. TI Comparative study of observed and CMAQ modeled coarse particulate matter SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Li, Rong; Wiedinmyer, Christine] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res NCAR, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Li, Rong; Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80503 USA. [Baker, Kirk R.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand OAQPS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rongli@ucar.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 232-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300349 ER PT J AU Li, Z Sahle-Demessie, E Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Li, Zhen Sahle-Demessie, E. Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Aggregation, deposition and transport of CeO2 nanoparticles in a sand filtration process at water treatment facilities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Li, Zhen; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, E.; Hassan, Ashraf Aly] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM liz2@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 17-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378301581 ER PT J AU MacCuspie, RI Rogers, K Patra, M Suo, ZY Allen, AJ Martin, MN Hackley, VA AF MacCuspie, Robert I. Rogers, Kim Patra, Manomita Suo, Zhiyong Allen, Andrew J. Martin, Matthew N. Hackley, Vincent A. TI Overcoming challenges for physical characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmentally relevant waters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [MacCuspie, Robert I.; Allen, Andrew J.; Martin, Matthew N.; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Rogers, Kim; Patra, Manomita; Suo, Zhiyong] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM robert.maccuspie@nist.gov RI Martin, Matthew/N-1154-2015 OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-6323-4096 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 363-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302649 ER PT J AU Moser, VC Phillips, PM McDaniel, KL Herr, DW AF Moser, Virginia C. Phillips, Pamela M. McDaniel, Katherine L. Herr, David W. TI Behavioral changes in young and adult rats: Indications of cholinesterase inhibition SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Moser, Virginia C.; Phillips, Pamela M.; McDaniel, Katherine L.; Herr, David W.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM moser.ginger@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 217-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300333 ER PT J AU Negley, TL Newcombe, AC Young, DF AF Negley, Timothy L. Newcombe, Andrew C. Young, Dirk F. TI Key environmental and physicochemical parameters influencing PRZM-GW predicted groundwater concentrations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Negley, Timothy L.; Newcombe, Andrew C.] ARCADIS US Inc, Risk Assessment & Ecol Sci, Syracuse, NY USA. [Young, Dirk F.] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM timothy.negley@arcadis-us.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 40-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300390 ER PT J AU Odenkirchen, EW AF Odenkirchen, Edward W. TI Advancements in Endangered Species Act effects determination for pesticide registration actions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Odenkirchen, Edward W.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM odenkirchen.edward@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 219-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300335 ER PT J AU Parker, RD Barrett, MR Ruhman, M AF Parker, Ronald D. Barrett, Michael R. Ruhman, Mohammed TI Exploring approaches to Pesticide Aquatic Ecological Exposure Assessment: Issues in evaluating risk across the national landscape SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Parker, Ronald D.; Barrett, Michael R.; Ruhman, Mohammed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM parker.ronald@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 19-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300303 ER PT J AU Pelaez, M de la Cruz, AA O'Shea, K Falaras, P Dionysiou, DD AF Pelaez, Miguel de la Cruz, Armah A. O'Shea, Kevin Falaras, Polycarpos Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Effects of water parameters on the degradation of microcystin-LR under visible light-activated TiO2 photocatalyst SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Pelaez, Miguel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL USA. [Falaras, Polycarpos] Aghia Paraskevi, NCSR Demokritos, Inst Phys Chem, Athens, Greece. EM pelaezma@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 207-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302485 ER PT J AU Pinder, RW AF Pinder, Robert W. TI Recent trends in reactive nitrogen: Air quality, deposition, and climate change SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Pinder, Robert W.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pinder.rob@epa.gov RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011 OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 25-CASW PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300854 ER PT J AU Pinto, PX Al-Abed, SR Barth, E Loftspring, C Voit, J Clark, P Ioannides, AM AF Pinto, Patricio X. Al-Abed, Souhail R. Barth, Edwin Loftspring, Catherine Voit, James Clark, Patrick Ioannides, Anastasios M. TI Beneficial use of contaminated sediment: Leaching studies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Pinto, Patricio X.; Loftspring, Catherine] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.; Barth, Edwin; Loftspring, Catherine; Clark, Patrick] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ioannides, Anastasios M.] Univ Cincinnati, Civil Engn Program, Sch Adv Struct, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM pinto.patricio@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 71-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302798 ER PT J AU Rice, PJ Rice, P Van Emon, J Arthur, E AF Rice, Patricia J. Rice, Pamela Van Emon, Jeanette Arthur, Ellen TI Sustainability initiatives in agriculture: The role of science SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Rice, Patricia J.] BASF Corp, Crop Protect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Rice, Pamela] ARS, USDA, Sacramento, CA USA. [Van Emon, Jeanette] US EPA, NERL, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM patricia.rice@basf.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 162-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300273 ER PT J AU Rosenzweig, S Sorial, G Sahle-Demessie, E AF Rosenzweig, Shirley Sorial, George Sahle-Demessie, E. TI Adsorption of copper species on commercially available functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes: Regeneration and pH effect SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Rosenzweig, Shirley; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, E.] US EPA, NRMRL, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shrosenzweig@fuse.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 16-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378301572 ER PT J AU Ruhman, M Barrett, MR AF Ruhman, Mohammed Barrett, Michael R. TI Method for temporal analysis of exposure to residues of concern for a parent compound and degradates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Ruhman, Mohammed; Barrett, Michael R.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM ruhman.mohammed@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 42-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300392 ER PT J AU Sahle-Demessie, E Zhao, A Salamon, AW Harrmon, S AF Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Zhao, Amy Salamon, Andrew W. Harrmon, Stephen TI Measuring environmental transformation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using integrated thermal analysis and related hyphenated techniques SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Zhao, Amy; Harrmon, Stephen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45040 USA. [Salamon, Andrew W.] Perkin Elmer Inc, Shelton, CT 06484 USA. EM sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 14-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378301550 ER PT J AU Seidel, JL AF Seidel, Jimmy L. TI Practical considerations for chemical forensics: Lessons learned from environmental forensics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Seidel, Jimmy L.] US EPA, Off Criminal Enforcement Forens & Training, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM seidel.jimmy@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 186-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300544 ER PT J AU Shafer, TJ Cao, ZY Johnstone, AFM Losa, S Murray, TF AF Shafer, Timothy J. Cao, Zhengyu Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Losa, Sandra Murray, Thomas F. TI Pyrethroid effects on sodium flux, calcium flux, and network activity assessed in cortical neurons SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Shafer, Timothy J.; Johnstone, Andrew F. M.; Losa, Sandra] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cao, Zhengyu; Murray, Thomas F.] Creighton Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM shafer.tim@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 235-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300352 ER PT J AU Thomas, DJ AF Thomas, David J. TI Linking arsenic metabolism and toxic effects SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM thomas.david@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 32-TOXI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378307498 ER PT J AU Williams, WM Moran, K Luo, YZ Denton, DL Breuer, RS Cheplick, JM Hoogeweg, G AF Williams, W. Martin Moran, Kelly Luo, Yuzhou Denton, Debra L. Breuer, Richard S. Cheplick, J. Mark Hoogeweg, Gerco TI Development of a modeling system to estimate pesticide runoff from urban areas in California SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Williams, W. Martin; Cheplick, J. Mark; Hoogeweg, Gerco] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Moran, Kelly] TDC Environm, San Mateo, CA 94403 USA. [Luo, Yuzhou] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Denton, Debra L.] US EPA, Stand & TMDL Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Breuer, Richard S.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM williamsm@waterborne-env.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 125-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378300234 ER PT J AU Wilson, VS AF Wilson, Vickie S. TI In vitro assays for assessment of androgenic and estrogenic activity of defined mixtures and complex environmental samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Wilson, Vickie S.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, ORD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wilson.vickie@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 165-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378302439 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Lin, G Zhu, YW Ruoff, RS Mark, JE AF Zhang, Yan Lin, Gui Zhu, Yanwu Ruoff, Rodney S. Mark, James E. TI Mechanical property of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) reinforced with nanosheets of modified graphene oxide (MGO) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS) C1 [Zhang, Yan; Mark, James E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Lin, Gui] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Zhu, Yanwu; Ruoff, Rodney S.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zhu, Yanwu; Ruoff, Rodney S.] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM zhang2ya@mail.uc.edu RI Zhu, Yanwu/C-8979-2012; Ruoff, Rodney/K-3879-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 242 MA 460-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 880BE UT WOS:000299378307161 ER PT J AU Crowell, SR Henderson, WM Kenneke, JF Fisher, JW AF Crowell, Susan Ritger Henderson, W. Matthew Kenneke, John F. Fisher, Jeffrey W. TI Development and application of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for triadimefon and its metabolite triadimenol in rats and humans SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Triadimefon; Triadimenol; PBPK; Partition coefficient; Human equivalent dose ID TRIAZOLE FUNGICIDES; HEPATIC MICROSOMES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MYCLOBUTANIL; EXPRESSION; TOXICITY; LIVER; MICE AB A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed for the conazole fungicide triadimefon and its primary metabolite, triadimenol. Rat tissue:blood partition coefficients and metabolic constants were measured in vitro for both compounds. Pharmacokinetic data for parent and metabolite were collected from several tissues after intravenous administration of triadimefon to male Sprague-Dawley rats. The model adequately simulated peak blood and tissue concentrations but predicted more rapid clearance of both triadimefon and triadimenol from blood and tissues. Reverse metabolism of triadimenol to triadimefon in the liver was explored as a possible explanation of this slow clearance, with significant improvement in model prediction. The amended model was extrapolated to humans using in vitro metabolic constants measured in human hepatic microsomes. Human equivalent doses (HEDs) were calculated for a rat no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) dose of 3.4 mg/kg/day using area under the concentration curve (AUC) in brain and blood for triadimefon and triadimenol as dosimetrics. All dosimetric-based HEDs were 25-30 fold above the human oral reference dose of 0.03 mg triadime-fon/kg/day, but did not account for intra-human variability or pharmacodynamic differences. Ultimately, derivations of this model will be able to better predict the exposure profile of these and other conazole fungicides in humans. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Crowell, Susan Ritger; Fisher, Jeffrey W.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Henderson, W. Matthew; Kenneke, John F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Crowell, SR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM susan.crowell@pnl.gov NR 27 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 205 IS 2 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.1036 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 809CO UT WOS:000294029600008 PM 21641977 ER PT J AU Boogaard, PJ Bachman, A Martin, E Mauthe, RJ Pottenger, LH Schoeny, R Skare, JA Kim, J AF Boogaard, P. J. Bachman, A. Martin, E. Mauthe, R. J. Pottenger, L. H. Schoeny, R. Skare, J. A. Kim, J. TI Context is key-Case studies on the biological significance and role of DNA adduct data in cancer risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Paris, FRANCE SP European Soc Toxicol C1 [Boogaard, P. J.] Shell Int BV, Shell Hlth, The Hague, Netherlands. [Bachman, A.] EMBSI, Annandale, NJ USA. [Martin, E.] AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. [Mauthe, R. J.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Pottenger, L. H.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Schoeny, R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Skare, J. A.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kim, J.] ILSI HESI, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 205 SU 1 BP S257 EP S257 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.874 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 806NI UT WOS:000293814500822 ER PT J AU Boogaard, PJ Arnold, SM Hughes, MF Price, PS Robison, SH AF Boogaard, P. J. Arnold, S. M. Hughes, M. F. Price, P. S. Robison, S. H. TI Biomarkers of benzene exposure and their interpretation for human health risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Paris, FRANCE SP European Soc Toxicol C1 [Boogaard, P. J.] Shell Int BV, Shell Hlth, The Hague, Netherlands. [Arnold, S. M.; Price, P. S.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Hughes, M. F.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Robison, S. H.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2011 VL 205 SU 1 BP S257 EP S257 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.875 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 806NI UT WOS:000293814500823 ER PT J AU Wei, G Abraham, BJ Yagi, R Jothi, R Cui, KR Sharma, S Narlikar, L Northrup, DL Tang, QS Paul, WE Zhu, JF Zhao, KJ AF Wei, Gang Abraham, Brian J. Yagi, Ryoji Jothi, Raja Cui, Kairong Sharma, Suveena Narlikar, Leelavati Northrup, Daniel L. Tang, Qingsong Paul, William E. Zhu, Jinfang Zhao, Keji TI Genome-wide Analyses of Transcription Factor GATA3-Mediated Gene Regulation in Distinct T Cell Types SO IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR GATA-3; CHROMATIN OCCUPANCY; LINEAGE COMMITMENT; DNA-BINDING; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; CD4; FINGER; TH1; IDENTIFICATION AB The transcription factor GATA3 plays an essential role during T cell development and T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation. To understand GATA3-mediated gene regulation, we identified genome-wide GATA3 binding sites in ten well-defined developmental and effector T lymphocyte lineages. In the thymus, GATA3 directly regulated many critical factors, including Th-POK, Notch1, and T cell receptor subunits. In the periphery, GATA3 induced a large number of Th2 cell-specific as well as Th2 cell-nonspecific genes, including several transcription factors. Our data also indicate that GATA3 regulates both active and repressive histone modifications of many target genes at their regulatory elements near GATA3 binding sites. Overall, although GATA3 binding exhibited both shared and cell-specific patterns among various T cell lineages, many genes were either positively or negatively regulated by GATA3 in a cell type-specific manner, suggesting that GATA3-mediated gene regulation depends strongly on cofactors existing in different T cells. C1 [Yagi, Ryoji; Sharma, Suveena; Paul, William E.; Zhu, Jinfang] NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wei, Gang; Abraham, Brian J.; Cui, Kairong; Northrup, Daniel L.; Tang, Qingsong; Zhao, Keji] NHLBI, Lab Mol Immunol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jothi, Raja; Narlikar, Leelavati] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zhu, JF (reprint author), NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jfzhu@niaid.nih.gov; zhaok@nhlbi.nih.gov RI Zhu, Jinfang/B-7574-2012; cheng, yong/I-4270-2012; Jothi, Raja/G-3780-2015 FU Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES102625]; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA FX We thank W. Leonard for critical reading of the manuscript. We thank I. Chepelev, G. Hu, and D. Schones for helpful discussions on data analysis. This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R.J.; Project Number Z01ES102625), Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA. NR 43 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 6 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1074-7613 J9 IMMUNITY JI Immunity PD AUG 26 PY 2011 VL 35 IS 2 BP 299 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.007 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 813SC UT WOS:000294387900018 PM 21867929 ER PT J AU Sidle, RC Kim, K Tsuboyama, Y Hosoda, I AF Sidle, Roy C. Kim, Keewook Tsuboyama, Yoshio Hosoda, Ikuhiro TI Development and application of a simple hydrogeomorphic model for headwater catchments SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SMALL FORESTED CATCHMENT; GENETIC ALGORITHM; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; RUNOFF GENERATION; OVERLAND-FLOW; STORM RUNOFF; HITACHI-OHTA; MACROPORES; PARAMETERS; HYDROLOGY AB We developed a catchment model based on a hydrogeomorphic concept that simulates discharge from channel-riparian complexes, zero-order basins (ZOB, basins ZB and FA), and hillslopes. Multitank models simulate ZOB and hillslope hydrological response, while kinematic wave models predict saturation overland runoff from riparian zones and route inputs from ZOB and riparian corridors through the channel. The model was parameterized and tested in the Hitachi Ohta Experiment Watershed, Japan. Tank models were parameterized for a 6 month period from May to October 1992, and these models were then tested for the same 6 month period in 1993. In ZB, with relatively shallower soils, total outflow for the 6 month period in 1993 was underpredicted by 25%. Better predictions were obtained for outflow from FA (deeper soils; -17%) and the entire catchment (-5%). Total runoff from the channel and riparian area depends on the ratio of this area to the total catchment area because this corridor is assumed to be saturated at all times. Stormflow response from ZOB was limited during relatively dry conditions and increased substantially during wetter conditions, especially in ZB, which has shallower soils (1.4 m of average); such effects were diminished in FA (deeper soils) and hillslopes. Outflow from ZB had the highest proportion of rapid flow, while slower flow dominates outflow from FA and hillslopes; these different responses appear to be mainly associated with soil depth and topography. Groundwater recharge, estimated by leakage from the lowermost tank in the models, was as high as 61 mm week(-1) from ZB, with lesser recharge from other geomorphic components (18-21 mm week(-1)). These spatially explicit simulations provide a simpler approach to the greater data demands of distributed hydrologic models without compromising process function. C1 [Sidle, Roy C.; Kim, Keewook] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hosoda, Ikuhiro] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Kansai Res Ctr, Kyoto 6120855, Japan. [Tsuboyama, Yoshio] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. RP Sidle, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM sidle.roy@epa.gov; kim.keewook@epa.gov; tsubo@affrc.go.jp; hosodaik@affrc.go.jp OI Kim, Keewook/0000-0002-6625-7285 FU Appalachian State University FX This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. A portion of this research was supported by a postdoctoral award to K. Kim from Appalachian State University. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 25 PY 2011 VL 47 AR W00H13 DI 10.1029/2011WR010662 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 813KX UT WOS:000294366600001 ER PT J AU Lybbert, TJ Aboudrare, A Chaloud, D Magnan, N Nash, M AF Lybbert, Travis J. Aboudrare, Abdellah Chaloud, Deborah Magnan, Nicholas Nash, Maliha TI Booming markets for Moroccan argan oil appear to benefit some rural households while threatening the endemic argan forest SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE poverty; biodiversity; nontimber forest products; normalized difference vegetation index; development economics ID AVHRR NDVI DATA; TROPICAL FORESTS; EXTRACTION; VEGETATION; PRODUCTS; POVERTY; CONSERVATION; DEGRADATION; BRAZIL AB Morocco's argan oil is now the most expensive edible oil in the world. High-value argan markets have sparked a bonanza of argan activity. Nongovernmental organizations, international and domestic development agencies, and argan oil cooperatives aggressively promote the win-win aim of simultaneously benefiting local people and the health of the argan forest. This paper tests some of these win-win claims. Analysis of a panel of detailed household data suggests that the boom has enabled some rural households to increase consumption, increase their goat herds (which bodes poorly for the argan forest), and send their girls to secondary school. The boom has predictably made households vigilant guardians of fruit on the tree, but it has not incited investments in longer term tree and forest health. We evaluate landscape-level impacts of these changes using commune-level data on educational enrollment and normalized difference vegetation index data over the period from 1981 to 2009. The results of the mesoanalysis of enrollment are consistent with the microanalysis: the argan boom seems to have improved educational outcomes, especially for girls. Our normalized difference vegetation index analysis, however, suggests that booming argan prices have not improved the forest and may have even induced degradation. We conclude by exploring the dynamic interactions between argan markets, local institutions, rural household welfare, and forest conservation and sustainability. C1 [Lybbert, Travis J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Aboudrare, Abdellah] Ecole Natl Agr, Meknes 50000, Morocco. [Chaloud, Deborah; Nash, Maliha] US EPA, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Magnan, Nicholas] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Environm & Prod Technol Div, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Lybbert, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tlybbert@ucdavis.edu NR 47 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 24 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 23 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 34 BP 13963 EP 13968 DI 10.1073/pnas.1106382108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 810XO UT WOS:000294163500026 PM 21873185 ER PT J AU Rao, JS Kim, HW Kellom, M Greenstein, D Chen, M Kraft, AD Harry, GJ Rapoport, SI Basselin, M AF Rao, Jagadeesh Sridhara Kim, Hyung-Wook Kellom, Matthew Greenstein, Dede Chen, Mei Kraft, Andrew David Harry, Gaylia Jean Rapoport, Stanley Isaac Basselin, Mireille TI Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, in brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CYTOSOLIC PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); EXPRESSING TNF-ALPHA; NEURONAL CELL-DEATH; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NITRIC-OXIDE; NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AB Background: Cognitive impairment has been reported in human immune deficiency virus-1- (HIV-1-) infected patients as well as in HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats. This impairment has been linked to neuroinflammation, disturbed brain arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, and synapto-dendritic injury. We recently reported upregulated brain AA metabolism in 7- to 9-month-old HIV-1 Tg rats. We hypothesized that these HIV-1 Tg rats also would show upregulated brain inflammatory and AA cascade markers and a deficit of synaptic proteins. Methods: We measured protein and mRNA levels of markers of neuroinflammation and the AA cascade, as well as pro-apoptotic factors and synaptic proteins, in brains from 7- to 9-month-old HIV-1 Tg and control rats. Results: Compared with control brain, HIV-1 Tg rat brain showed immunoreactivity to glycoprotein 120 and tat HIV-1 viral proteins, and significantly higher protein and mRNA levels of (1) the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha, (2) the activated microglial/macrophage marker CD11b, (3) AA cascade enzymes: AA-selective Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2))-IVA, secretory sPLA(2)-IIA, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, membrane prostaglandin E(2) synthase, 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) and 15-LOX, cytochrome p450 epoxygenase, and (4) transcription factor NF-kappa Bp50 DNA binding activity. HIV-1 Tg rat brain also exhibited signs of cell injury, including significantly decreased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and drebrin, a marker of post-synaptic excitatory dendritic spines. Expression of Ca(2+)-independent iPLA(2)-VIA and COX-1 was unchanged. Conclusions: HIV-1 Tg rats show elevated brain markers of neuroinflammation and AA metabolism, with a deficit in several synaptic proteins. These changes are associated with viral proteins and may contribute to cognitive impairment. The HIV-1 Tg rat may be a useful model for understanding progression and treatment of cognitive impairment in HIV-1 patients. C1 [Rao, Jagadeesh Sridhara; Kim, Hyung-Wook; Kellom, Matthew; Chen, Mei; Rapoport, Stanley Isaac; Basselin, Mireille] NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Greenstein, Dede] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kraft, Andrew David; Harry, Gaylia Jean] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Rao, JS (reprint author), NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jrao@mail.nih.gov FU National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC FX This research was entirely supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC. We thank the NIH Fellows Editorial Board for editing the manuscript. NR 80 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-2094 J9 J NEUROINFLAMM JI J. Neuroinflamm. PD AUG 16 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 101 DI 10.1186/1742-2094-8-101 PG 13 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 822MZ UT WOS:000295053500001 PM 21846384 ER PT J AU Carbone, M Baris, YI Bertino, P Brass, B Comertpay, S Dogan, AU Gaudino, G Jube, S Kanodia, S Partridge, CR Pass, HI Rivera, ZS Steele, I Tuncer, M Way, S Yang, HN Miller, A AF Carbone, Michele Baris, Y. Izzettin Bertino, Pietro Brass, Brian Comertpay, Sabahattin Dogan, A. Umran Gaudino, Giovanni Jube, Sandro Kanodia, Shreya Partridge, Charles R. Pass, Harvey I. Rivera, Zeyana S. Steele, Ian Tuncer, Murat Way, Steven Yang, Haining Miller, Aubrey TI Erionite exposure in North Dakota and Turkish villages with mesothelioma SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE asbestosis; cancer; carcinogenesis; environmental carcinogenesis; mineral fiber carcinogenesis ID MALIGNANT PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA; ASBESTOS; TURKEY; CELLS; TRANSFORMATION; VERMICULITE; CONTACTS; MONTANA; ZEOLITE; WORKERS AB Exposure to erionite, an asbestos-like mineral, causes unprecedented rates of malignant mesothelioma (MM) mortality in some Turkish villages. Erionite deposits are present in at least 12 US states. We investigated whether increased urban development has led to erionite exposure in the United States and after preliminary exploration, focused our studies on Dunn County, North Dakota (ND). In Dunn County, ND, we discovered that over the past three decades, more than 300 miles of roads were surfaced with erionite-containing gravel. To determine potential health implications, we compared erionite from the Turkish villages to that from ND. Our study evaluated airborne point exposure concentrations, examined the physical and chemical properties of erionite, and examined the hallmarks of mesothelial cell transformation in vitro and in vivo. Airborne erionite concentrations measured in ND along roadsides, indoors, and inside vehicles, including school buses, equaled or exceeded concentrations in Boyali, where 6.25% of all deaths are caused by MM. With the exception of outdoor samples along roadsides, ND concentrations were lower than those measured in Turkish villages with MM mortality ranging from 20 to 50%. The physical and chemical properties of erionite from Turkey and ND are very similar and they showed identical biological activities. Considering the known 30- to 60-y latency for MM development, there is reason for concern for increased risk in ND in the future. Our findings indicate that implementation of novel preventive and early detection programs in ND and other erionite-rich areas of the United States, similar to efforts currently being undertaken in Turkey, is warranted. C1 [Carbone, Michele; Bertino, Pietro; Comertpay, Sabahattin; Gaudino, Giovanni; Jube, Sandro; Kanodia, Shreya; Rivera, Zeyana S.; Yang, Haining] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Baris, Y. Izzettin; Tuncer, Murat] Hacettepe Univ, TR-06500 Ankara, Turkey. [Brass, Brian; Partridge, Charles R.; Way, Steven] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Dogan, A. Umran] King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Earth Sci, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. [Dogan, A. Umran] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Pass, Harvey I.] NYU, Langone Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Pass, Harvey I.] NYU, Ctr Canc, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Rivera, Zeyana S.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Steele, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Tuncer, Murat] Turkish Minist Hlth, TR-06434 Ankara, Turkey. [Yang, Haining] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Miller, Aubrey] NIEHS, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Carbone, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM mcarbone@cc.hawaii.edu RI Dogan, Ahmet/B-4087-2010 FU National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health [P01 114047]; American Association for Cancer Research; Butitta Mesothelioma Foundation; Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation; Riviera Foundation; Aramec Foundation; Hawaii Community Foundation FX This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (P01 114047 to M. C.), the American Association for Cancer Research Landon Innovator Award, and a grant from the Butitta Mesothelioma Foundation (to M. C.). This work was also supported by grants from Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation, Riviera Foundation, Aramec Foundation (to H.Y.), and the Hawaii Community Foundation (to H.Y. and G. G.). For B. B., C. R. P., S. W. (USEPA), and A. M. (NIEHS), this research does not represent policies or positions of the respective agencies. NR 38 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 22 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 16 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 33 BP 13618 EP 13623 DI 10.1073/pnas.1105887108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 807KC UT WOS:000293895100054 PM 21788493 ER PT J AU Moore, MM Honma, M Clements, J Awogi, T Douglas, GR van Goethem, F Gollapudi, B Kimura, A Muster, W O'Donovan, M Schoeny, R Wakuri, S AF Moore, Martha M. Honma, Masamitsu Clements, Julie Awogi, Takumi Douglas, George R. van Goethem, Freddy Gollapudi, Bhaskar Kimura, Aoi Muster, Wolfgang O'Donovan, Mike Schoeny, Rita Wakuri, Shinobu TI Suitable top concentration for tests with mammalian cells: Mouse lymphoma assay workgroup SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review DE Mouse lymphoma assay; Top concentration; Thymidine kinase mutation ID GENE MUTATION ASSAY; GENOTOXICITY TEST PROCEDURES; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; CRITERIA AB The Mouse Lymphoma Expert Workgroup of the International Workshop for Genotoxicity Tests (IWGT) met in Basel. Switzerland in August of 2009. The Workgroup (WG) was tasked with discussing the appropriate top concentration for non-pharmaceuticals that would be required for the conduct of the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) when sufficient cytotoxicity [to between 10 and 20% relative total growth (RIG)] has not been attained. The WG approached this task by (1) enumerating the various regulatory decisions/use for MLA data, (2) discussing the appropriate assays to which MLA data and assay performance should be compared and (3) discussing all the proposals put forth concerning the top concentration for non-pharmaceuticals. In addition, one of the members presented a summary of a re-evaluation of the National Toxicology Program MLA data using the IWGT harmonized guidance that was underway as a separate (non IWGT) activity, being conducted by two members of the Expert WG. The WG was asked to vote on each of the various proposals for top concentration for when cytotoxicity is not concentration limiting. While there was general agreement that the top concentration for non-pharmaceuticals should be re-evaluated and likely lowered from the current recommended levels, there was no agreement on a specific new recommendation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Moore, Martha M.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Honma, Masamitsu] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Div Genet & Mutagenesis, Tokyo, Japan. [Clements, Julie] Covance Labs Ltd, Harrogate, N Yorkshire, England. [Awogi, Takumi] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Tokushima, Japan. [Douglas, George R.] Hlth Canada, Healthy Environm & Consumer Safety Branch, Mechanist Studies Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [van Goethem, Freddy] Janssen, Res & Dev, Pharmaceut Co Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium. [Gollapudi, Bhaskar] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Kimura, Aoi] Shin Nippon Biomed Labs Ltd, Drug Safety Res Labs, Kagoshima, Japan. [Muster, Wolfgang] F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland. [O'Donovan, Mike] AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wakuri, Shinobu] Food & Drug Safety Ctr, Hatano Res Inst, Kanagawa, Japan. RP Moore, MM (reprint author), US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, HFT-120,3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM Martha.Moore@fda.hhs.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD AUG 16 PY 2011 VL 723 IS 2 BP 84 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.04.001 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 799VY UT WOS:000293315400003 PM 21514400 ER PT J AU Duirk, SE Lindell, C Cornelison, CC Kormos, J Ternes, TA Attene-Ramos, M Osiol, J Wagner, ED Plewa, MJ Richardson, SD AF Duirk, Stephen E. Lindell, Cristal Cornelison, Christopher C. Kormos, Jennifer Ternes, Thomas A. Attene-Ramos, Matias Osiol, Jennifer Wagner, Elizabeth D. Plewa, Michael J. Richardson, Susan D. TI Formation of Toxic Iodinated Disinfection By-Products from Compounds Used in Medical Imaging SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY CONTRAST-MEDIA; MAMMALIAN-CELL CYTOTOXICITY; HOSPITAL WASTE-WATER; DRINKING-WATER; HALOACETIC ACIDS; PHARMACEUTICALS; OXIDATION; TRANSFORMATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; GENOTOXICITY AB Iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) were investigated as a source of iodine in the formation of iodo-trihalomethane (iodo-THM) and iodo-acid disinfection byproducts (DBPs), both of which are highly genotoxic and/or cytotoxic in mammalian cells. ICM are widely used at medical centers to enable imaging of soft tissues (e.g., organs, veins, blood vessels) and are designed to be inert substances, with 95% eliminated in urine and feces unmetabolized within 24 h. ICM are not well removed in wastewater treatment plants, such that they have been found at elevated concentrations in rivers and streams (up to 100 mu g/L). Naturally occurring iodide in source waters is believed to be a primary source of iodine in the formation of iodo-DBPs, but a previous 23-city iodo-DBP occurrence study also revealed appreciable levels of iodo-DBPs in some drinking waters that had very low or no detectable iodide in their source waters. When 10 of the original 23 cities' source waters were resampled, four ICM were found-iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol, and diatrizoate-with iopamidol most frequently detected, in 6 of the 10 plants sampled, with concentrations up to 2700 ng/L. Subsequent controlled laboratory reactions of iopamidol with aqueous chlorine and monochloramine in the absence of natural organic matter (NOM) produced only trace levels of iodo-DBPs; however, when reacted in real source waters (containing NOM), chlorine and monochloramine produced significant levels of iodo-THMs and iodo-acids, up to 212 nM for dichloroiodomethane and 3.0 nM for iodoacetic acid, respectively, for chlorination. The pH behavior was different for chlorine and monochloramine, such that iodo-DBP concentrations maximized at higher pH (8.5) for chlorine, but at lower pH (6.5) for monochloramine. Extracts from chloraminated source waters with and without iopamidol, as well as from chlorinated source waters with iopamidol, were the most cytotoxic samples in mammalian cells. Source waters with iopamidol but no disinfectant added were the least cytotoxic. While extracts from chlorinated and chloraminated source waters were genotoxic, the addition of iopamidol enhanced their genotoxicity. Therefore, while ICM are not toxic in themselves, their presence in source waters may be a source of concern because of the formation of highly toxic iodo-DBPs in chlorinated and chloraminated drinking water. C1 [Duirk, Stephen E.; Lindell, Cristal; Cornelison, Christopher C.; Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kormos, Jennifer; Ternes, Thomas A.] Fed Inst Hydrol BfG, Water Chem Dept, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany. [Attene-Ramos, Matias; Osiol, Jennifer; Wagner, Elizabeth D.; Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Attene-Ramos, Matias; Osiol, Jennifer; Wagner, Elizabeth D.; Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, NSF WaterCAMPWS Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Richardson, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM richardson.susan@epa.gov FU Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center [CTS-0120978]; Illinois/Indiana Sea Grant [R/WF-09-06]; NSF [CHE-1124865, CHE-1124844]; DFG [TE 533/4-1] FX We thank Michael Bartlett of the University of Georgia for the generous use of his mass spectrometer for early experiments, as well as the drinking water treatment plants for providing us source waters. The toxicology was supported by the Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, under Award CTS-0120978 and Illinois/Indiana Sea Grant R/WF-09-06. This research was partially supported by NSF Grants CHE-1124865 and CHE-1124844 and DFG Grant TE 533/4-1. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. NR 37 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 16 U2 188 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 16 BP 6845 EP 6854 DI 10.1021/es200983f PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 805VZ UT WOS:000293758400018 PM 21761849 ER PT J AU Adams, WA Xu, Y Little, JC Fristachi, AF Rice, GE Impellitteri, CA AF Adams, William A. Xu, Ying Little, John C. Fristachi, Anthony F. Rice, Glenn E. Impellitteri, Christopher A. TI Predicting the Migration Rate of Dialkyl Organotins from PVC Pipe into Water SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYVINYL-CHLORIDE PIPE; DRINKING-WATER; ICP-MS; GC; ENVIRONMENT; SPECIATION; LEACHATES; CONTAMINATION; PFPD AB Organotins (OTs) are additives widely used as thermal and light stabilizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics. OTs can leach into water flowing through PVC pipes. This work examines the leaching rates of two potentially neurotoxic OTs, dimethyl tin (DMT) and dibutyl tin (DBT), from PVC pipe. Water was circulated in a closed loop laboratory PVC pipe system. Using a gas chromatograph-pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD), the change in concentrations of DMT and DBT in the water in the system was monitored over time and allowed to reach equilibrium. OT concentration as a function of time was analyzed using a mechanistic leaching rate model. The diffusion coefficient for OT in the PVC pipe material, the only unknown model parameter, was found to be 9 x 10(-18) m(2)/s. this value falls within with the range of values estimated from the literature (2 x 10(-18) to 2 x 10(-17) m(2)/s) thus increasing confidence in the leaching rate model. C1 [Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Adams, William A.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Xu, Ying] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Little, John C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Fristachi, Anthony F.] Fristachi Environm Consulting, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Rice, GE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM rice.glenn@epa.gov RI Little, John/B-4154-2009; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010 NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 16 BP 6902 EP 6907 DI 10.1021/es201552x PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 805VZ UT WOS:000293758400025 PM 21728330 ER PT J AU Bale, AS Barone, S Scott, CS Cooper, GS AF Bale, Ambuja S. Barone, Stan, Jr. Scott, Cheryl Siegel Cooper, Glinda S. TI A review of potential neurotoxic mechanisms among three chlorinated organic solvents SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Brain; Solvent; Neurotoxicity; Trichloroethylene; Perchloroethylene; Dichloromethane ID RAT VISUAL FUNCTION; MOMENTARY BRAIN CONCENTRATION; 2-YEAR INHALATION TOXICITY; CEREBELLAR GRANULE NEURONS; SENSORY-EVOKED POTENTIALS; NERVE-CONDUCTION VELOCITY; CELL MARKER PROTEINS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; GERBIL BRAIN; TRICHLOROETHYLENE EXPOSURE AB The potential for central nervous system depressant effects from three widely used chlorinated solvents, trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PERC), and dichloromethane (DCM), has been shown in human and animal studies. Commonalities of neurobehavioral and neurophysiological changes for the chlorinated solvents in in vivo studies suggest that there is a common mechanism(s) of action in producing resultant neurotoxicological consequences. The purpose of this review is to examine the mechanistic studies conducted with these chlorinated solvents and to propose potential mechanisms of action for the different neurological effects observed. Mechanistic studies indicate that this solvent class has several molecular targets in the brain. Additionally, there are several pieces of evidence from animal studies indicating this solvent class alters neurochemical functions in the brain. Although earlier evidence indicated that these three chlorinated solvents perturb the lipid bilayer, more recent data suggest an interaction between several specific neuronal receptors produces the resultant neurobehavioral effects. Collectively, TCE, PERC, and DCM have been reported to interact directly with several different classes of neuronal receptors by generally inhibiting excitatory receptors/channels and potentiating the function of inhibitory receptors/channels. Given this mechanistic information and available studies for TCE, DCM, and PERC, we provide hypotheses on primary targets (e.g. ion channel targets) that appear to be most influential in producing the resultant neurological effects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bale, Ambuja S.; Barone, Stan, Jr.; Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Bale, AS (reprint author), US EPA 8601 P, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bale.ambuja@epa.gov NR 109 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 255 IS 1 BP 113 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.008 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 805XP UT WOS:000293764700013 PM 21609728 ER PT J AU Qu, W Cheng, LD Dill, AL Saavedra, JE Hong, SY Keefer, LK Waalkes, MP AF Qu, Wei Cheng, Lida Dill, Anna L. Saavedra, Joseph E. Hong, Sam Y. Keefer, Larry K. Waalkes, Michael P. TI Nitric oxide donor, V-PROLI/NO, provides protection against arsenical induced toxicity in rat liver cells: Requirement for Cyp1a1 SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE V-PROLI/NO; Arsenic; Rat liver cell; Cyp1a1 ID ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; METALLOTHIONEIN; APOPTOSIS; PRODRUG; CANCER; SENSITIVITY; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS AB Arsenic is a cancer chemotherapeutic but hepatotoxicity can be a limiting side effect. O(2)-vinyl 1-[2-(carboxylato)pyrrolidin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (V-PROLI/NO) is a nitric oxide (NO) donor prodrug and metabolized by liver cytochromes P450 (CYP450) to release NO. The effects of V-PROLI/NO pretreatment on the toxicity of arsenic (as NaAsO(2)) were studied in a rat liver cell line (TRL 1215). The cells acted upon the prodrug to release NO, as assessed by nitrite levels, in a time-dependent fashion to maximal levels of 8-fold above basal levels. Pretreatment with V-PROLI/NO markedly reduced arsenic cytolethality which was directly related to the level of NO produced by V-PROLI/NO treatment. Cyp1a1 expression was directly related to the level of NO production and to reduced arsenic cytotoxicity. V-PROLI/NO pretreatment markedly reduced arsenic-induced apoptosis and suppressed phosphorylation of JNK1/2. V-PROLI/NO pretreatment facilitated additional increases in arsenic-induced metallothionein, a metal-binding protein important in arsenic tolerance. Thus, V-PROLI/NO protects against arsenic toxicity in rat liver cells, reducing cytolethality, apoptosis and dysregulation of MAPKs, through generation of NO formed after metabolism by liver cell enzymes, possibly including Cyp1a1. CYP450 required for NO production from V-PROLI/NO treatment in the rat and human appears to differ as we have previously studied the ability of V-PROLI/NO to prevent arsenic toxicity in human liver cells where it reduced toxicity apparently through a CYP2E1-mediated metabolic mechanism. None-the-less, it appears that both rat and human liver cells act upon V-PROLI/NO via a CYP450-related mechanism to produce NO and subsequently reduce arsenic toxicity. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Qu, Wei; Cheng, Lida; Dill, Anna L.; Waalkes, Michael P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Qu, Wei; Cheng, Lida; Dill, Anna L.; Waalkes, Michael P.] NCI, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Saavedra, Joseph E.] NCI, Basic Res Program, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Hong, Sam Y.; Keefer, Larry K.] NCI, Chem Sect, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, POB 12233,Mail Drop F0-09,111 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov RI Keefer, Larry/N-3247-2014 OI Keefer, Larry/0000-0001-7489-9555 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; SAIC Frederick, Inc. [HHSN261200800001E] FX The authors thank Drs. Erik Tokar and Yang Sun for critical review of this manuscript. This research was supported in part by the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. Additional support came from Contract HHSN261200800001E with SAIC Frederick, Inc. This article may be the work product of an employee or a group of employees of the NIEHS, NIH, however, the statements contained herein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of the NIEHS, NIH or the United States Government. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or the policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 193 IS 1 BP 88 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.05.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 802EI UT WOS:000293491700012 PM 21621526 ER PT J AU Fessler, MB Parks, JS AF Fessler, Michael B. Parks, John S. TI Intracellular Lipid Flux and Membrane Microdomains as Organizing Principles in Inflammatory Cell Signaling SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; LIGAND-INDEPENDENT ACTIVATION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; PHOSPHOLIPID OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; FREE-CHOLESTEROL ACCUMULATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; HOST-DEFENSE; ABCA1-DEFICIENT MACROPHAGES; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; KINASE ACTIVATION AB Lipid rafts and caveolae play a pivotal role in organization of signaling by TLR4 and several other immune receptors. Beyond the simple cataloguing of signaling events compartmentalized by these membrane microdomains, recent studies have revealed the surprisingly central importance of dynamic remodeling of membrane lipid domains to immune signaling. Simple interventions upon membrane lipid, such as changes in cholesterol loading or crosslinking of raft lipids, are sufficient to induce micrometer-scale reordering of membranes and their protein cargo with consequent signal transduction. In this review, using TLR signaling in the macrophage as a central focus, we discuss emerging evidence that environmental and genetic perturbations of membrane lipid regulate protein signaling, illustrate how homeostatic flow of cholesterol and other lipids through rafts regulates the innate immune response, and highlight recent attempts to harness these insights toward therapeutic development. The Journal of Immunology, 2011, 187: 1529-1535. C1 [Fessler, Michael B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Parks, John S.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Biochem, Sect Lipid Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Fessler, MB (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr,POB 12233,MD D2-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM fesslerm@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES102005]; [HL094525]; [HL049373] FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES102005) and by Grants HL094525 and HL049373 (to J.S.P.). NR 92 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 187 IS 4 BP 1529 EP 1535 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.1100253 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 800RX UT WOS:000293384600003 PM 21810617 ER PT J AU McGuire, V Van den Eeden, SK Tanner, CM Kamel, F Umbach, DM Marder, K Mayeux, R Ritz, B Ross, GW Petrovitch, H Topol, B Popat, RA Costello, S Manthripragada, AD Southwick, A Myers, RM Nelson, LM AF McGuire, V. Van den Eeden, S. K. Tanner, C. M. Kamel, F. Umbach, D. M. Marder, K. Mayeux, R. Ritz, B. Ross, G. W. Petrovitch, H. Topol, B. Popat, R. A. Costello, S. Manthripragada, A. D. Southwick, A. Myers, R. M. Nelson, L. M. TI Association of DRD2 and DRD3 polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease in a multiethnic consortium SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; Dopamine receptor genes; Case-control studies; Epidemiology ID DOPAMINE-RECEPTOR; GENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SMOKING; ANKK1; DEPENDENCE; AMERICAN; BEHAVIOR; TTC12; NCAM1 AB Objective: To examine genetic associations of polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and D3 (DRD3) genes with risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: The study included 1325 newly diagnosed patients with PD and 1735 controls from a consortium of five North American case-control studies. We collected risk factor information by in-person or telephone interview. Six DRD2 and two DRD3 polymorphisms were genotyped using a common laboratory. Odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression. Results: Among non-Hispanic whites, homozygous carriers of Taq1A DRD2 (rs1800497) polymorphism had an increased risk of PD compared to homozygous wildtype carriers (OR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.3). In contrast, the direction of association for Taq1A polymorphism was opposite for African-Americans, showing an inverse association with PD risk (OR = 0.10, 95% CI 0.2-0.7). Among white Hispanics who carried two alleles, the Ser9Gly DRD3 (rs6280) polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of PD (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8). The inverse association of smoking with PD risk was not modified by any of the DRD2 or DRD3 polymorphisms. Conclusions: DRD2 polymorphisms are unlikely to be true disease-causing variants; however, three DRD2 polymorphisms (including Taq1A) may be in linkage disequilibrium with possible disease associated variants in the DRD2-ANKK1-NCAM1-TTC12 gene cluster. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McGuire, V.; Topol, B.; Popat, R. A.; Nelson, L. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Van den Eeden, S. K.] Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Tanner, C. M.] Parkinsons Inst, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Kamel, F.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Umbach, D. M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Marder, K.; Mayeux, R.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA. [Marder, K.; Mayeux, R.] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Marder, K.; Mayeux, R.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Taub Inst, New York, NY USA. [Ritz, B.; Costello, S.; Manthripragada, A. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Ross, G. W.; Petrovitch, H.] Vet Affairs Pacific Isl Hlth Care Syst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Ross, G. W.; Petrovitch, H.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Costello, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Manthripragada, A. D.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Southwick, A.; Myers, R. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP McGuire, V (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, HRP Redwood Bldg,Room T213C, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM vmcguire@stanford.edu RI Ritz, Beate/E-3043-2015; OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615 FU Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; NIH [NS R01-31964, ES R03-13970, R01-NS32527, ES10544]; Tobacco-Related Disease Research Fund [8RT-0131, 11RT-0237]; SCEHSC [5P30 ES07048]; Parkinson's Disease Association; United States Department of the Army [DAMD17-98-1-8621, NIA NO1-AG-4-2149, NINDSR01-NS41265, NHLBINO1-HC-05102]; Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Veterans Affairs; NIH; NCI (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics) [U54-ES12077]; [NIAPO1 AG07232]; [U54-ES12078]; [NIEHS01-ES10803] FX Funding was provided to the PEGASUS genetic consortium by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. Additional funding to individual investigators for the original studies was provided by: NIH NS R01-31964, NIH ES R03-13970, and Tobacco-Related Disease Research Fund Grants 8RT-0131 and 11RT-0237 (Dr. Lorene Nelson,); NIH R01-NS32527 (Drs. Richard Mayeux and Karen Marder), NIAPO1 AG07232 (Dr. Richard Mayeux); NIH ES10544 and U54-ES12078, pilot funding from SCEHSC # 5P30 ES07048, the Parkinson's Disease Association (Dr. Beate Ritz); United States Department of the Army-DAMD17-98-1-8621, NIA NO1-AG-4-2149, NINDSR01-NS41265, NHLBINO1-HC-05102, and Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Veterans Affairs (Dr. G. Webster Ross); NIEHS01-ES10803 and NIH intramural funding to NIEHS (Epidemiology Branch) and NCI (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics) U54-ES12077 (Drs. Caroline Tanner and Freya Kamel). The information in this paper does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the government and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 307 IS 1-2 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2011.05.031 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 796KF UT WOS:000293049500005 PM 21663922 ER PT J AU Ye, XY Zhou, XL Furr, J Ahn, KC Hammock, BD Gray, EL Calafat, AM AF Ye, Xiaoyun Zhou, Xiaoliu Furr, Johnathan Ahn, Ki Chang Hammock, Bruce D. Gray, Earl L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Biomarkers of exposure to triclocarban in urine and serum SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triclocarban; 2 '-OH-triclocarban; 3 '-OH-triclocarban; Biomarkers; Exposure assessment; Oxidative metabolism ID DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 3,4,4'-TRICHLOROCARBANILIDE; METABOLITES; TRICLOSAN; RAT; BIOTRANSFORMATION; ABSORPTION; MONKEY AB 3,4,4'-Trichlorocarbanilide (triclocarban, TCC) is widely used as an antimicrobial agent in a variety of consumer and personal care products. TCC is considered a potential endocrine disruptor, but its potential toxic effects in humans are still largely unknown. Because of its widespread uses, the potential for human exposure to TCC is high. In order to identify adequate exposure biomarkers of TCC, we investigated the metabolic profile of TCC in adult female Sprague Dawley rats after administering TCC once (500 mg/kg body weight) by oral gavage. Urine was collected 0-24h before dosing, and 0-24h and 24-48h after dosing. Serum was collected at necropsy 48 h after dosing. We identified several metabolites of TCC in urine and serum by on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We unambiguously identified two major oxidative metabolites of TCC, 3'-hydroxy-TCC and 2'-hydroxy-TCC, by comparing their chromatographic behavior and mass spectral fragmentation patterns with those of authentic standards. By contrast, compared to these oxidative metabolites, we detected very low levels of TCC in the urine or serum. Taken together these data suggest that in rats, oxidation of TCC is a major metabolic pathway. We also measured TCC and its oxidative metabolites in 50 urine and 16 serum samples collected from adults in the United States. The results suggest differences in the metabolic profile of TCC in rats and in humans: oxidation appears to be a minor metabolic pathway in humans. Total (free plus conjugated) TCC could serve as a potential biomarker for human exposure to TCC. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Ye, Xiaoyun; Zhou, Xiaoliu; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Furr, Johnathan; Gray, Earl L.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ahn, Ki Chang; Hammock, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ahn, Ki Chang; Hammock, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Canc Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Ye, XY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xay5@cdc.gov FU EPA IAG [RW-75-92285501-0,]; NTP [Y1-ES-80124-01]; NIEHS [R01 ES002710, P42 ES004699]; NIOSH [PHS OH07550] FX This work was supported by EPA IAG # RW-75-92285501-0, NTP # Y1-ES-80124-01, NIEHS (R01 ES002710, P42 ES004699), and NIOSH (PHS OH07550). We thank Dr. James R. Sanborn form Department of Entomology, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA for providing assistance during this research. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD AUG 15 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2011.05.008 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 793HI UT WOS:000292810600007 PM 21635932 ER PT J AU Huang, XM Auinger, P Eberly, S Oakes, D Schwarzschild, M Ascherio, A Mailman, R Chen, HL AF Huang, Xuemei Auinger, Peggy Eberly, Shirley Oakes, David Schwarzschild, Michael Ascherio, Alberto Mailman, Richard Chen, Honglei CA Parkinson Study Grp DATATOP TI Serum Cholesterol and the Progression of Parkinson's Disease: Results from DATATOP SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INCREASES DOPAMINE RELEASE; RAT NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; IN-VITRO; RISK; STATINS; COHORT; DISABILITY; MORPHINE AB Background: Recent studies have suggested that higher serum cholesterol may be associated with lower occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study is to test the hypothesis that higher serum cholesterol correlates with slower PD progression. Methods: Baseline non-fasting serum total cholesterol was measured in 774 of the 800 subjects with early PD enrolled between 1987 and 1988 in the Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Parkinsonism (DATATOP) trial. Participants were followed for up to two years, with clinical disability requiring levodopa therapy as the primary endpoint. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined for increasing serum cholesterol concentration (in quintiles) for clinical disability requiring levodopa therapy, after adjusting for confounders. At baseline, only nine subjects reported use of cholesterol-lowering agents (two with statins). Results: The overall mean cholesterol level was 216 mg/dL (range 100-355). The HR of progressing to the primary endpoint decreased with increasing serum cholesterol concentrations. Compared to the lowest quintile, the HRs (95% CI), for each higher quintile (in ascending order) are 0.83 (0.59-1.16); 0.86 (0.61-1.20); 0.84 (0.60-1.18); and 0.75 (0.52-1.09). The HR for one standard deviation (SD) increase = 0.90 [(0.80-1.01), p for trend = 0.09]. This trend was found in males (HR per SD = 0.88 [(0.77-1.00), p for trend = 0.05], but not in females [ HR = 1.03 (0.81-1.32)]. Conclusions: This secondary analysis of the DATATOP trial provides preliminary evidence that higher total serum cholesterol concentrations may be associated with a modest slower clinical progression of PD, and this preliminary finding needs confirmation from larger prospective studies. C1 [Huang, Xuemei; Mailman, Richard] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Huang, Xuemei] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Huang, Xuemei; Mailman, Richard] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Huang, Xuemei] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Huang, Xuemei] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Kinesiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Auinger, Peggy] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Neurol, Ctr Human Expt Therapeut, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Eberly, Shirley; Oakes, David] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biostat, Rochester, NY USA. [Schwarzschild, Michael] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ascherio, Alberto] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ascherio, Alberto] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chen, Honglei] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Huang, XM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM Xuemei@psu.edu OI Mailman, Richard/0000-0003-1353-2738; Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU Parkinson's Disease Foundation; National Institutes of Health [NS060722]; Pennsylvania Tobacco Settlement Fund; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES-101986] FX This work was supported, in part, by Parkinson's Disease Foundation, National Institutes of Health (NS060722 to XH), the Pennsylvania Tobacco Settlement Fund, and the intramural research program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES-101986 to HC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 11 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 8 AR e22854 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0022854 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 808CS UT WOS:000293953400015 PM 21853051 ER PT J AU Li, LJ Lu, HF Campbell, DE Ren, H AF Li, Linjun Lu, Hongfang Campbell, Daniel E. Ren, Hai TI Methods for estimating the uncertainty in emergy table-form models SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Uncertainty analysis; Emergy analysis; The Variance method; The Taylor method; The Monte Carlo method ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; TRANSFORMITY; ENERGY; SUSTAINABILITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; PROPAGATION; CHINA AB Emergy studies have suffered criticism due to the lack of uncertainty analysis and this shortcoming may have directly hindered the wider application and acceptance of this methodology. Recently, to fill this gap, the sources of uncertainty in emergy analysis were described and analytical and stochastic methods were put forward to estimate the uncertainty in unit emergy values (UEVs). However, the most common method used to determine UEVs is the emergy table-form model, and only a stochastic method (i.e., the Monte Carlo method) was provided to estimate the uncertainty of values calculated in this way. To simplify the determination of uncertainties in emergy analysis using table-form calculations, we introduced two analytical methods provided by the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), i.e., the Variance method and the Taylor method, to estimate the uncertainty of emergy table-form calculations for two different types of data, and compared them with the stochastic method in two case studies. The results showed that, when replicate data are available at the system level, i.e., the same data on inputs and output are measured repeatedly in several independent systems, the Variance method is the simplest and most reliable method for determining the uncertainty of the model output, since it considers the underlying covariance of the inputs and requires no assumptions about the probability distributions of the inputs. However, when replicate data are only available at the subsystem level, i.e., repeat samples are measured on subsystems without specific correspondence between an output and a certain suite of inputs, the Taylor method will be a better option for calculating uncertainty, since it requires less information and is easier to understand and perform than the Monte Carlo method. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Linjun; Lu, Hongfang; Ren, Hai] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Linjun] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Lu, HF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM luhf@scbg.ac.cn; renhai@scbg.ac.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [31070483, 31030015]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-28]; Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB421101]; Project of the Science & Technology Plan of Guangdong Province [2010B060200039] FX This study was supported by Projects of National Science Foundation of China (31070483, 31030015), and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-28), Project of the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB421101), and Project of the Science & Technology Plan of Guangdong Province (2010B060200039). We would like to thank the two reviewers, especially Dr. Wesley W. Ingwersen for very helpful comments and suggestions for the manuscript. NR 52 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD AUG 10 PY 2011 VL 222 IS 15 BP 2615 EP 2622 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.04.023 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 810DL UT WOS:000294105500003 ER PT J AU Magalad, VT Gokavi, GS Nadagouda, MN Aminabhavi, TM AF Magalad, Veeresh T. Gokavi, Gavisiddappa S. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. Aminabhavi, Tejraj M. TI Pervaporation Separation of Water-Ethanol Mixtures Using Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MIXED MATRIX MEMBRANES; POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL); BLEND MEMBRANES; CHITOSAN MEMBRANES; SODIUM ALGINATE; ISOPROPANOL MIXTURES; DEHYDRATION; ACID; PERFORMANCE; MODEL AB Nanocomposite membranes (NCMs) of chitosan were prepared by incorporating Preyssler type heteropolyacid, namely, H(14)[NaP(5)W(30)O(110)], nanopartides by solution casting and the solvent evaporation method. The nanoparticles as well as the membranes were characterized by a variety of physicochemical techniques. The membranes were employed in pervaporation separation of water-ethanol mixtures at varying feedwater compositions and temperatures. The filler nanoparticles (58 nm size), also functioning as cross-linking agents, are responsible for increasing the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the NCMs over that of the nascent chitosan membrane. Furthermore, a dramatic increase of separation factor of 35 991 for NCMs from a base value of 96 for nascent chitosan membrane demonstrates the influence of filler nanopartides in the matrix due to their favorable interactions with chitosan. Pervaporation performance of the NCMs showed a decrease with increasing feedwater composition and temperature. Diffusion and permeability data of water and ethanol molecules were analyzed by Fick's equation, and temperature dependence was studied through the Arrhenius relationship. Pervaporation data were analyzed on the basis of sorption-diffusion model. The Flory-Huggins theory was used to understand sorption phenomenon and to estimate thermodynamic interaction parameters. C1 [Magalad, Veeresh T.; Gokavi, Gavisiddappa S.; Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.] Shivaji Univ, Dept Chem, Kolhapur 416004, Maharashtra, India. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Magalad, Veeresh T.] Tontadarya Coll Engn, Dept Chem, Gadag 582101, India. RP Gokavi, GS (reprint author), Shivaji Univ, Dept Chem, Kolhapur 416004, Maharashtra, India. EM gsgokavi@hotmail.com; aminabhavi@yahoo.com FU Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India [SR/S1/PC-31/2006] FX Authors (G.S.G. and V.T.M.) thank the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India (No. SR/S1/PC-31/2006) for financial support of this study. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD AUG 4 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 30 BP 14731 EP 14744 DI 10.1021/jp201185g PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 798HB UT WOS:000293192100037 ER PT J AU Frazier, MD Mamo, LB Ghio, AJ Turi, JL AF Frazier, Marie D. Mamo, Lisa B. Ghio, Andrew J. Turi, Jennifer L. TI Hepcidin expression in human airway epithelial cells is regulated by interferon-gamma SO RESPIRATORY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IRON-METABOLISM; IFN-GAMMA; INFLAMMATION; MACROPHAGES; PEPTIDE; PROTEIN; ANEMIA; IL-6; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; RESPONSIVENESS AB Background: Hepcidin serves as a major regulator of systemic iron metabolism and immune function. Airway epithelial cells have an extensive interface with the environment, and so must be able to respond locally to the presence of particulates, infection, and inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that hepcidin is expressed in airway epithelial cells and is regulated by early phase cytokines. Methods: Primary, differentiated human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were used to assess hepcidin gene expression in response to IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6, as well as to LPS + CD14. The role of the Janus Kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in IFN-gamma-mediated hepcidin production was assessed by measuring JAK2 phophorylation and STAT1 nuclear translocation. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used to determine whether hepcidin altered iron transport in either NHBE cells or primary alveolar macrophages. Results: We demonstrate that differentiated human airway epithelial cells express hepcidin mRNA and that its expression is augmented in response to IFN-gamma via activation of STAT1. However, while IFN-gamma induced hepcidin gene expression, we were not able to demonstrate diminished expression of the iron export protein, ferroportin (Fpn), at the cell surface, or iron accumulation in airway epithelial in the presence of exogenous hepcidin. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that airway epithelial cells express hepcidin in the lung in response to IFN-gamma. The presence of hepcidin in the airway does not appear to alter cellular iron transport, but may serve as a protective factor via its direct antimicrobial effects. C1 [Mamo, Lisa B.; Turi, Jennifer L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Frazier, Marie D.] Marshall Univ, Dept Pediat, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Turi, JL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM turi0002@mc.duke.edu FU Children's Miracle Network; National Institutes of Health [HL-081269] FX We express our appreciation to Dr. Jerry Kaplan (University of Utah) for the Fpn antibody, Drs. Nancy Andrews and Claude Piantadosi for helpful discussions and critique of the manuscript, Drs. Judith Voynow and Bernard Fischer for their technical advice and cell culture support, and Joleen Soukup for her expertise in measurement of 57Fe. This work was supported by grants from the Children's Miracle Network Grant (M. D. F.) and the National Institutes of Health HL-081269 (J.L.T.). NR 43 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-993X J9 RESP RES JI Respir. Res. PD AUG 2 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 100 DI 10.1186/1465-9921-12-100 PG 10 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 813FN UT WOS:000294352300001 PM 21810240 ER PT J AU Osland, MJ Gonzalez, E Richardson, CJ AF Osland, Michael J. Gonzalez, Eugenio Richardson, Curtis J. TI Coastal Freshwater Wetland Plant Community Response to Seasonal Drought and Flooding in Northwestern Costa Rica SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Palo Verde National Park; Plant life forms; Seasonal hydrology; Seed bank; Tropical dry wetland ID PASPALUM-DISTICHUM L; SEED BANK; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; MONSOONAL WETLAND; FLOODPLAIN; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; COMPACTION; AUSTRALIA; SEDIMENT AB Wetlands in tropical wet-dry climates are governed by distinct and extreme seasonal hydrologic fluctuations. In this study, we investigated the plant community response to seasonal flooding and drought in Palo Verde Marsh, Costa Rica. Climate change models for the region predict reduced rainfall and a drier wet season which would likely alter seasonal hydrologic cycles and prompt vegetation change. We quantified compositional change following disturbance emphasizing seasonal differences in plant life-form abundance across life history stages via standing vegetation, seed bank, and seedling recruitment measurements. Whereas the dry season standing vegetation was dominated by emergent species, aquatic species (floating-rooted, free-floating, and submerged life forms) were more dominant during the wet season. Seed bank and seedling recruitment measurements indicated that many species are resilient with life history traits that enable them to respond rapidly to extreme hydrologic filters. Interestingly, species richness was highest during seasonal flooding. Our results highlight the importance of early-wet season rainfall for plant regeneration and community change. Our findings also indicate that a drier future would likely have a large impact upon wetland plant communities with a decrease in species richness and an increase in the abundance of drought-tolerant emergent species. C1 [Osland, Michael J.; Richardson, Curtis J.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Wetland Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Gonzalez, Eugenio] Org Trop Studies, Palo Verde Biol Stn, Bagaces, Costa Rica. RP Osland, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM osland.michael@epa.gov RI Osland, Michael/D-1814-2014 OI Osland, Michael/0000-0001-9902-8692 FU Fulbright Fellowship; NSF IRES; OTS Research Fellowship; Duke University; Duke Wetland Center Case Studies Endowment FX This study was conducted with the support of a Fulbright Fellowship, an NSF IRES Grant, an OTS Research Fellowship, a Duke University Graduate School Pre-Dissertation Research Travel Award, a Duke University Provost's Pre-Dissertation International Field Research Grant, and the Duke Wetland Center Case Studies Endowment. We are very grateful to N. Gonzalez, A. McHugh, A. Osland, G. Murillo, A. Blanco Sibaja, and D. Gonzalez for their assistance. The hydrology and climate data were obtained from OTS records with the help of J. Serrano and W. Lopez. We appreciate the tremendous support provided by the OTS staff at the Palo Verde Biological Station and also in the San Jose and Durham offices. We also thank MINAE and the PVNP Rangers for their assistance and permission to conduct this research. We are grateful to B. A. Middleton and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1408 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD AUG PY 2011 VL 31 IS 4 BP 641 EP 652 DI 10.1007/s13157-011-0180-9 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 843TH UT WOS:000296695000002 ER PT J AU Williams, AGB Scheckel, KG McDermott, G Gratson, D Neptune, D Ryan, JA AF Williams, Aaron G. B. Scheckel, Kirk G. McDermott, Gregory Gratson, David Neptune, Dean Ryan, James A. TI Speciation and bioavailability of zinc in amended sediments SO CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY LA English DT Article DE zinc; remediation; phosphate; in situ immobilization; X-ray absorption spectroscopy AB The speciation and bioavailability of zinc (Zn) in smelter-contaminated sediments were investigated as a function of phosphate (apatite) and organic amendment loading rate. Zinc species identified in preamendment sediment were zinc hydroxide-like phases, sphalerite, and zinc sorbed to an iron oxide via X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Four months after adding the amendments to the contaminated sediment, hopeite, a Zn phosphate mineral, was identified indicating phosphate was binding and sequestering available Zn and Zn pore water concentrations were decreased at levels of 90% or more. Laboratory experiments indicate organic amendments exhibit a limited effect and may hinder sequestration of pore water Zn when mixed with apatite. The acute toxicity of the sediment Zn was evaluated with Hyalella azteca, and bioaccumulation of Zn with Lumbriculus variegates. The survivability of H. azteca increased as a function of phosphate (apatite) loading rate. In contaminated sediment without apatite, no specimens of H. azteca survived. The bioaccumulation of Zn in L. variegates also followed a trend of decreased bioaccumulation with increased phosphate loading in the contaminated sediment. The research supports an association between Zn speciation and bioavailability. C1 [Williams, Aaron G. B.] Eastern Res Grp Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.; Ryan, James A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [McDermott, Gregory; Gratson, David; Neptune, Dean] Neptune & Co Inc, Fairfax Stn, VA 22039 USA. RP Williams, AGB (reprint author), Eastern Res Grp Inc, 10200 Alliance Rd,Ste 190, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM Scheckel.Kirk@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; US Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. This work was completed by the USEPA and Neptune and Company under a joint U.S. Navy approved Quality Assurance Project Plan. Some samples, data collection, and analysis were completed by or directed by Neptune and Company. PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the US Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Facilities Support grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. We wish to thank Mr. Andrew Gutberlet, Environmental Engineer with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Washington 1314 Harwood Street, SE Washington Navy Yard, DC 20374, for supplying the bioassay and chemistry data results, and access to the Indian Head site sediments. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 0954-2299 J9 CHEM SPEC BIOAVAILAB JI Chem. Speciation Bioavail. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 143 EP 154 DI 10.3184/095422911X13103699236851 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 822KN UT WOS:000295044700002 ER PT J AU Nye, JA Joyce, TM Kwon, YO Link, JS AF Nye, Janet A. Joyce, Terrence M. Kwon, Young-Oh Link, Jason S. TI Silver hake tracks changes in Northwest Atlantic circulation SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID GULF-STREAM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARINE FISHES; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; SEA; TRANSPORT; SHELF AB Recent studies documenting shifts in spatial distribution of many organisms in response to a warming climate highlight the need to understand the mechanisms underlying species distribution at large spatial scales. Here we present one noteworthy example of remote oceanographic processes governing the spatial distribution of adult silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis, a commercially important fish in the Northeast US shelf region. Changes in spatial distribution of silver hake over the last 40 years are highly correlated with the position of the Gulf Stream. These changes in distribution are in direct response to local changes in bottom temperature on the continental shelf that are responding to the same large scale circulation change affecting the Gulf Stream path, namely changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). If the AMOC weakens, as is suggested by global climate models, silver hake distribution will remain in a poleward position, the extent to which could be forecast at both decadal and multidecadal scales. C1 [Nye, Janet A.; Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Joyce, Terrence M.; Kwon, Young-Oh] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Nye, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM nye.janet@epa.gov RI Kwon, Young-Oh/C-2190-2008 OI Kwon, Young-Oh/0000-0002-1241-2817 FU NOAA; WHOI Ocean Climate Change Institute; Ocean Life Institute FX J.A.N. was supported by the NOAA Fisheries and the Environment program (FATE). T.M.J. and Y.O.K. were supported by the WHOI Ocean Climate Change Institute and Ocean Life Institute. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 21 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 2 AR 412 DI 10.1038/ncomms1420 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 819DV UT WOS:000294806500005 PM 21811241 ER PT J AU Reponen, T Vesper, S Levin, L Johansson, E Ryan, P Burkle, J Grinshpun, SA Zheng, S Bernstein, DI Lockey, J Villareal, M Hershey, GKK LeMasters, G AF Reponen, Tiina Vesper, Stephen Levin, Linda Johansson, Elisabet Ryan, Patrick Burkle, Jeffery Grinshpun, Sergey A. Zheng, Shu Bernstein, David I. Lockey, James Villareal, Manuel Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana LeMasters, Grace TI High environmental relative moldiness index during infancy as a predictor of asthma at 7 years of age SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; INDOOR ALLERGENS; HOMES; CHILDREN; CHILDHOOD; EXPOSURE; MOISTURE; MOLDS; RHINITIS; SCHOOLS AB Background: Mold exposures may contribute to the development of asthma, but previous studies have lacked a standardized approach to quantifying exposures. Objective: To determine whether mold exposures at the ages of 1 and/or 7 years were associated with asthma at the age of 7 years. Methods: This study followed up a high-risk birth cohort from infancy to 7 years of age. Mold was assessed by a DNA-based analysis for the 36 molds that make up the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) at the ages of 1 and 7 years. At the age of 7 years, children were evaluated for allergic sensitization and asthma based on symptom history, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide, and airway reversibility. A questionnaire was administered to the parent regarding the child's asthma symptoms and other potential cofactors. Results: At the age of 7 years, 31 of 176 children (18%) were found to be asthmatic. Children living in a high ERMI value (>= 5.2) home at 1 year of age had more than twice the risk of developing asthma than those in low ERMI value homes (< 5.2) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-6.26). Of the other covariates, only parental asthma (aOR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.69-9.62) and allergic sensitization to house dust mite (aOR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.55-11.07) were risk factors for asthma development. In contrast, air-conditioning at home reduced the risk of asthma development (aOR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.14-0.83). A high ERMI value at 7 years of age was not associated with asthma at 7 years of age. Conclusions: Early exposure to molds as measured by ERMI at 1 year of age, but not 7 years of age, significantly increased the risk for asthma at 7 years of age. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011;107:120-126. C1 [Reponen, Tiina; Levin, Linda; Johansson, Elisabet; Ryan, Patrick; Burkle, Jeffery; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; Zheng, Shu; Bernstein, David I.; Lockey, James; LeMasters, Grace] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bernstein, David I.; Lockey, James; Villareal, Manuel] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM Tiina.Reponen@uc.edu RI Ryan, Patrick /L-7062-2015; OI Khurana Hershey, Gurjit/0000-0001-6663-977X FU US Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0162-07]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [RO1 ES11170, ES10957]; Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Asthma Initiative; EPA through its Office of Research and Development FX This study was partially supported by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development grant OHLHH0162-07 and by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grants RO1 ES11170 and ES10957 awarded to the University of Cincinnati. In addition, this research was supported by funding from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Asthma Initiative.; The EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 31 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 107 IS 2 BP 120 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.anai.2011.04.018 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 811UV UT WOS:000294242500006 PM 21802019 ER PT J AU Eggesbo, M Thomsen, C Jorgensen, JV Becher, G Odland, JO Longnecker, MP AF Eggesbo, Merete Thomsen, Cathrine Jorgensen, Jens V. Becher, Georg Odland, Jon Oyvind Longnecker, Matthew P. TI Associations between brominated flame retardants in human milk and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in neonates SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Brominated flame retardants; BDE-209; HBCD; Thyroid-stimulating hormone; TSH; Infants ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; PRETERM INFANTS; 2,2',4,4',5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; GESTATIONAL-AGE; PLASMA-LEVELS; BREAST-MILK; MICE; PBDES AB Background: Brominated flame retardants (BERs) have been in widespread use in a vast array of consumer products since the 1970s. The metabolites of some BFRs show a structural similarity to thyroid hormones and experimental animal studies have confirmed that they may interfere with thyroid hormone homeostasis. A major concern has been whether intrauterine exposure to BFRs may disturb thyroid homeostasis since the fetal brain is particularly susceptible to alterations in thyroid hormones. However, few reports on newborns have been published to date. Objectives: To evaluate the association between BFRs and neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Methods: We studied six polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) measured in milk samples from 239 women who were part of the "Norwegian Human Milk Study" (HUMIS), 2003-2006. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and BDE-209 were measured in a subset of the women (193 and 46 milk samples, respectively). The milk was sampled at a median of 33 days after delivery. TSH was measured in babies three days after delivery as part of the routine national screening program for early detection of congenital hypothyroidism. Additional information was obtained through the Medical Birth Registry and questionnaires to the mothers. Results: The PBDE concentrations in human milk in Norway were comparable to concentrations reported from other European countries and Asia, but not the US and Canada where levels are approximately one order of higher magnitude. We observed no statistically significant associations between BDE-47, 99, 153, 154, 209 and HBCD in human milk and TSH in models adjusted for possible confounders and other environmental toxicants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Conclusions: We did not observe an association between TSH and exposure to HBCD and PBDEs within the exposure levels observed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Eggesbo, Merete] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Div Epidemiol, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Eggesbo, Merete; Longnecker, Matthew P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Thomsen, Cathrine; Becher, Georg] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Environm Med, Oslo, Norway. [Jorgensen, Jens V.] Univ Oslo, Rikshosp, Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat Res, N-0027 Oslo, Norway. [Odland, Jon Oyvind] Univ Tromso, Inst Community Med, N-9001 Tromso, Norway. RP Eggesbo, M (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Div Epidemiol, POB 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. EM merete.eggesbo@fhi.no OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322; Eggesbo, Merete/0000-0002-0006-5336; Odland, Jon Oyvind/0000-0002-2756-0732 FU European Community [227391]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported by a grant from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement OBELIX no. 227391 and the intramural research program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 45 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 111 IS 6 BP 737 EP 743 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.004 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 804RI UT WOS:000293671300001 PM 21601188 ER PT J AU Cooper, GS Scott, CS Bale, AS AF Cooper, Glinda S. Scott, Cheryl Siegel Bale, Ambuja S. TI Insights from Epidemiology into Dichloromethane and Cancer Risk SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE dichloromethane; methylene chloride; solvents; cancer; epidemiology ID CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT MORTALITY; AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE FACILITY; 2-YEAR INHALATION TOXICITY; FIBER PRODUCTION WORKERS; NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; JOB-EXPOSURE MATRIX; EXTENDED FOLLOW-UP; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE AB Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) is a widely used chlorinated solvent. We review the available epidemiology studies (five cohort studies, 13 case-control studies, including seven of hematopoietic cancers), focusing on specific cancer sites. There was little indication of an increased risk of lung cancer in the cohort studies (standardized mortality ratios ranging from 0.46 to 1.21). These cohorts are relatively small, and variable effects (e. g., point estimates ranging from 0.5 to 2.0) were seen for the rarer forms of cancers such as brain cancer and specific hematopoietic cancers. Three large population-based case-control studies of incident non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Europe and the United States observed odds ratios between 1.5 and 2.2 with dichloromethane exposure (ever exposed or highest category of exposure), with higher risk seen in specific subsets of disease. More limited indications of associations with brain cancer, breast cancer, and liver and biliary cancer were also seen in this collection of studies. Existing cohort studies, given their size and uneven exposure information, are unlikely to resolve questions of cancer risks and dichloromethane exposure. More promising approaches are population-based case-control studies of incident disease, and the combination of data from such studies, with robust exposure assessments that include detailed occupational information and exposure assignment based on industry-wide surveys or direct exposure measurements. C1 [Cooper, Glinda S.; Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Bale, Ambuja S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Cooper.Glinda@epa.gov; Scott.Cheryl@epa.gov; Bale.Ambuja@epa.gov NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD AUG PY 2011 VL 8 IS 8 BP 3380 EP 3398 DI 10.3390/ijerph8083380 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811WP UT WOS:000294248600022 PM 21909313 ER PT J AU Garrison, AW Avants, JK Miller, RD AF Garrison, Arthur W. Avants, Jimmy K. Miller, Rebecca D. TI Loss of Propiconazole and Its Four Stereoisomers from the Water Phase of Two Soil-Water Slurries as Measured by Capillary Electrophoresis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE capillary electrophoresis; propiconazole; stereoselectivity; biotransformation ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHIRAL PESTICIDES; FUNGICIDE PROPICONAZOLE; DEGRADATION; ENANTIOMERS; METALAXYL; ISOMER AB Propiconazole is a chiral fungicide used in agriculture for control of many fungal diseases on a variety of crops. This use provides opportunities for pollution of soil and, subsequently, groundwater. The rate of loss of propiconazole from the water phase of two different soil-water slurries spiked with the fungicide at 50 mg/L was followed under aerobic conditions over five months; the t(1/2) was 45 and 51 days for the two soil slurries. To accurately assess environmental and human risk, it is necessary to analyze the separate stereoisomers of chiral pollutants, because it is known that for most such pollutants, both biotransformation and toxicity are likely to be stereoselective. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), the mode of capillary electrophoresis used for analysis of neutral chemicals, was used for analysis of the four propiconazole stereoisomers with time in the water phase of the slurries. MEKC resulted in baseline separation of all stereoisomers, while GC-MS using a chiral column gave only partial separation. The four stereoisomers of propiconazole were lost from the aqueous phase of the slurries at experimentally equivalent rates, i.e., there was very little, if any, stereoselectivity. No loss of propiconazole was observed from the autoclaved controls of either soil, indicating that the loss from active samples was most likely caused by aerobic biotansformation, with a possible contribution by sorption to the non-autoclaved active soils. MEKC is a powerful tool for separation of stereoisomers and can be used to study the fate and transformation kinetics of chiral pesticides in water and soil. C1 [Garrison, Arthur W.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Avants, Jimmy K.; Miller, Rebecca D.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Garrison, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM garrison.wayne@epa.gov; avants.jimmy@epa.gov; rmiller1204@gmail.com NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 36 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD AUG PY 2011 VL 8 IS 8 BP 3453 EP 3467 DI 10.3390/ijerph8083453 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811WP UT WOS:000294248600026 PM 21909317 ER PT J AU Bricker, SB Ferreira, JG Wikfors, GH Tedesco, M Rose, JM Wellman, K Miller, RL Rheault, R Mankiewicz, P AF Bricker, S. B. Ferreira, J. G. Wikfors, G. H. Tedesco, M. Rose, J. M. Wellman, K. Miller, R. Landeck Rheault, R. Mankiewicz, P. TI THE ROLE OF SHELLFISH AQUACULTURE AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL AND CREDIT TRADING IN LONG ISLAND SOUND. SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bricker, S. B.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Ferreira, J. G.] Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Inst Marine Res, P-2829516 Monte De Caparica, Portugal. [Wikfors, G. H.; Rose, J. M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Milford, CT 06460 USA. [Tedesco, M.] US EPA, Stamford, CT 06904 USA. [Wellman, K.] No Econ, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Miller, R. Landeck] HydroQual Inc, Mahwah, NJ 07430 USA. [Rheault, R.] E Coast Shellfish Growers Assoc, Wakefield, RI 02879 USA. [Mankiewicz, P.] Gaia Inst, Bronx, NY 10464 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 488 EP 488 PG 1 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 812SC UT WOS:000294312200056 ER PT J AU Yang, IV Alper, S Lackford, B Rutledge, H Warg, LA Burch, LH Schwartz, DA AF Yang, Ivana V. Alper, Scott Lackford, Brad Rutledge, Holly Warg, Laura A. Burch, Lauranell H. Schwartz, David A. TI Novel Regulators of the Systemic Response to Lipopolysaccharide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endotoxic shock; gram-negative sepsis; inbred murine strains; gene expression; microarray; transcription factor ID NF-KAPPA-B; LUNG NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SONIC HEDGEHOG; SIGNALING PATHWAY; INNATE IMMUNITY; HUMAN-DISEASE; SEPSIS AB Our understanding of the role that host genetic factors play in the initiation and severity of infections caused by gram-negative bacteria is incomplete. To identify novel regulators of the host response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 11 inbred murine strains were challenged with LPS systemically. In addition to two strains lacking functional TLR4 (C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J(TLR4-/-)), three murine strains with functional TLR4 (C57BL/6J, 129/SvImJ, and NZW/LacJ) were found to be relatively resistant to systemic LPS challenge; the other six strains were classified as sensitive. RNA from lung, liver, and spleen tissue was profiled on oligonucleotide microarrays to determine if unique transcripts differentiate susceptible and resistant strains. Gene expression analysis identified the Hedgehog signaling pathway and a number of transcription factors (TFs) involved in the response to LPS. RNA interference-mediated inhibition of six TFs (C/EBP, Cdx-2, E2F1, Hoxa4, Nhlh1, and Tead2) was found to diminish IL-6 and TNF-alpha production by murine macrophages. Mouse lines with targeted mutations were used to verify the involvement of two novel genes in innate immunity. Compared with wild-type control mice, mice deficient in the E2F1 transcription factor were found to have a reduced inflammatory response to systemic LPS, and mice heterozygote for Ptch, a gene involved in Hedgehog signaling, were found to be more responsive to systemic LPS. Our analysis of gene expression data identified novel pathways and transcription factors that regulate the host response to systemic LPS. Our results provide potential sepsis biomarkers and therapeutic targets that should be further investigated in human populations. C1 [Yang, Ivana V.; Alper, Scott; Warg, Laura A.; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Yang, Ivana V.; Alper, Scott; Warg, Laura A.; Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Yang, Ivana V.; Schwartz, David A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Alper, Scott; Schwartz, David A.] Univ Colorado, Integrated Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Lackford, Brad; Rutledge, Holly; Burch, Lauranell H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Yang, IV (reprint author), Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, 1400 Jackson St,Smith Bldg A651, Denver, CO 80206 USA. EM yangi@njhealth.org FU Department of Veterans' Affairs; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES11375, ES011961]; NIH, National Institute of the Environmental Health Sciences; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute FX This study was supported by the Department of Veterans' Affairs (Merit Review), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grants ES11375 and ES011961 and by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of the Environmental Health Sciences and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. NR 52 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 393 EP 402 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0342OC PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 808BQ UT WOS:000293948900023 PM 21131441 ER PT J AU Chen, FL Vanderpool, R Williams, R Dimmick, F Grover, BD Long, R Murdoch, R AF Chen, Fu-Lin Vanderpool, Robert Williams, Ronald Dimmick, Fred Grover, Brett D. Long, Russell Murdoch, Robert TI Field evaluation of portable and central site PM samplers emphasizing additive and differential mass concentration estimates SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PM10; PM10-2.5; PM2.5; Additive and differential approaches ID RESIDENTIAL OUTDOOR; COARSE PARTICLES; FINE PARTICLES; PARTICULATE; PERFORMANCE; AMBIENT AB The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and the accompanying Federal Reference Method (FRM) for PM10 in 1987. The EPA revised the particle standards and FRM in 1997 to include PM2.5. In 2005, EPA proposed revisions to this NAAQS to include PM10-2.5 but only finalized revisions with a PM2.5 FRm and the development of a national monitoring network in 2006. Presently, no EPA designated reference or equivalent method sampler has the ability to directly measure the mass concentrations of PM10, PM10-2.5, and PM2.5 simultaneously. An additive approach has been used for samplers like the dichotomous monitors to calculate PM10 mass concentrations from independent measures of PM10-2.5 and PM2.5 (i.e. PM10= PM10-2.5+PM2.5). A differential approach has been used to calculate PM10-2.5 from identical collocated PM10 and PM2.5 samplers (i.e. PM10-2.5= PM10-PM2.5). Since these two approaches have been used widely for PM measurements, it is informative to evaluate their precision and comparability. EPA performed collocated tests of five different particle samplers in the Research Triangle Park area of North Carolina to evaluate the comparability and to characterize the additive and differential approaches used to determine particle mass concentrations. The intra-sampler precision of MiniVol, Omni, and dichotomous samplers was less than 8.4%. The precision of PM10 measurements using the additive approach with dichotomous samplers was less than 3.5%. The poorest precision of the various PM10-2.5 differential approaches was less than 15.1%. No zero or negative PM10-2.5 concentrations were calculated using the differential approach. A coefficient of determination of 0.81 or higher was obtained for all paired comparison of PM10-2.5. The reported test results show that concentrations calculated from both the additive and differential approaches generally agree among the portable samplers, the more established dichotomous sampler and the Federal Reference Methods Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Fu-Lin; Vanderpool, Robert; Williams, Ronald; Dimmick, Fred; Grover, Brett D.; Long, Russell] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Murdoch, Robert] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chen, FL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM chen.fu-lin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Alion Science and Technology [EP-05-D-065] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors thank field support staff of the RTI International for their assistance in the collection of data presented here under Alion Science and Technology contract EP-05-D-065. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 45 IS 26 BP 4522 EP 4527 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.006 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 804US UT WOS:000293680100021 ER PT J AU Grace, CE Kim, SJ Rogers, JM AF Grace, Curtis E. Kim, Sung-Jae Rogers, John M. TI Maternal Influences on Epigenetic Programming of the Developing Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hypothalamus; pituitary; adrenal; epigenetics; programming ID GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR GENE; 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-2; BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; FOLIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; PROTEIN-RESTRICTED DIET; LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ADULT-BLOOD PRESSURE; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE AB Parental and environmental factors during the prenatal and postnatal periods permanently affect the physiology and metabolism of offspring, potentially increasing disease risk later in life. Underlying mechanisms are being elucidated, and effects on a number of organs and metabolic pathways are likely involved. In this review, we consider effects on the developing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which may represent a common pathway for developmental programming. The focus is on prenatal and early postnatal development, during which the HPA axis may be programmed in a manner that affects health for a lifetime. Programming of the HPA axis involves, at least in part, epigenetic remodeling of chromatin, leading to alterations in the expression of genes in many organs and tissues involved in HPA activation and response, including the hippocampus and peripheral tissues. Examples of developmental epigenetic modifications affecting the HPA axis as well as target tissues are provided. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 91:797-805, 2011. Published 2011 by Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Grace, Curtis E.; Kim, Sung-Jae; Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rogers, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD-71, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Rogers.john@cpa.gov NR 118 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 91 IS 8 SI SI BP 797 EP 805 DI 10.1002/bdra.20824 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 810UE UT WOS:000294152200016 PM 21656659 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, KN Hirota, K Kono, K Takeda, S Sakamuru, S Xia, MH Huang, RL Austin, CP Witt, KL Tice, RR AF Yamamoto, Kimiyo N. Hirota, Kouji Kono, Koichi Takeda, Shunichi Sakamuru, Srilatha Xia, Menghang Huang, Ruili Austin, Christopher P. Witt, Kristine L. Tice, Raymond R. TI Characterization of Environmental Chemicals With Potential for DNA Damage Using Isogenic DNA Repair-Deficient Chicken DT40 Cell Lines SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE DT40 DNA repair-deficient cell lines; quantitative high throughput screens; cytotoxicity; genotoxicity; chromosomal aberrations; gamma H2AX positive foci ID HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; VERTEBRATE CELLS; EXCISION-REPAIR; CHROMOSOMAL BREAKS; TOPOISOMERASE-II; POLYMERASE-ZETA; RAD51 PARALOGS; PATHWAYS; ASSAY; TOXICOLOGY AB Included among the quantitative high throughput screens (qHTS) conducted in support of the US Tox21 program are those being evaluated for the detection of genotoxic compounds. One such screen is based on the induction of increased cytotoxicity in seven isogenic chicken DT40 cell lines deficient in DNA repair pathways compared to the parental DNA repair-proficient cell line. To characterize the utility of this approach for detecting genotoxic compounds and identifying the type(s) of DNA damage induced, we evaluated nine of 42 compounds identified as positive for differential cytotoxicity in qHTS (actinomycin D, adriamycin, alachlor, benzotrichloride, diglycidyl resorcinol ether, lovastatin, melphalan, trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene, tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate) and one non-cytotoxic genotoxic compound (2-aminothiamine) for (1) clastogenicity in mutant and wild-type cells; (2) the comparative induction of gamma H2AX positive foci by melphalan; (3) the extent to which a 72-hr exposure duration increased assay sensitivity or specificity; (4) the use of 10 additional DT40 DNA repair-deficient cell lines to better analyze the type(s) of DNA damage induced; and (5) the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the induction of DNA damage. All compounds but lovastatin and 2-aminothiamine were more clastogenic in at least one DNA repair-deficient cell line than the wild-type cells. The differential responses across the various DNA repair-deficient cell lines provided information on the type(s) of DNA damage induced. The results demonstrate the utility of this DT40 screen for detecting genotoxic compounds, for characterizing the nature of the DNA damage, and potentially for analyzing mechanisms of mutagenesis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:547-561, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Yamamoto, Kimiyo N.; Hirota, Kouji; Takeda, Shunichi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto, Japan. [Yamamoto, Kimiyo N.; Kono, Koichi] Osaka Med Coll, Grad Sch Med, Osaka, Japan. [Sakamuru, Srilatha; Xia, Menghang; Huang, Ruili; Austin, Christopher P.] NIH, NIH Chem Genom Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Witt, Kristine L.; Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Yamamoto, KN (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto, Japan. EM kimiyonomaisinn520@ybb.ne.jp FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Y2-ES-7020-01] FX Grant sponsor: National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Grant Number Y2-ES-7020-01. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 52 IS 7 BP 547 EP 561 DI 10.1002/em.20656 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 811DL UT WOS:000294182300005 PM 21538559 ER PT J AU Kaldy, J AF Kaldy, James TI Using a macroalgal delta N-15 bioassay to detect cruise ship waste water effluent inputs SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Stable isotopes; Nitrogen; Macroalgae; Cruise ships; Waste water; Bioassay ID NITROGEN-SOURCES; ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; SEWAGE NITROGEN; GREEN-ALGAE; RED ALDER; NITRATE; CHLOROPHYTA; ENTEROMORPHA; SIGNATURES; AMMONIUM AB Green macroalgae bioassays were used to determine if the delta N-15 signature of cruise ship waste water effluent (CSWWE) could be detected in a small harbor. Opportunistic green macroalgae (Ulva spp.) were collected, cultured under nutrient depleted conditions and characterized with regard to N content and delta N-15. Samples of algae were used in controlled incubations to evaluate the direction of isotope shift from exposure to CSWWE. Algae samples exposed to CSWWE exhibited an increase of 1-2.5 parts per thousand in delta N-15 values indicating that the CSWWE had an enriched isotope signature. In contrast, algae samples exposed to field conditions exhibited a significant decrease in the observed delta N-15 indicating that a light N source was used. Isotopically light, riverine nitrogen derived from N-2-fixing trees in the watershed may be a N source utilized by algae. These experiments indicate that the delta N-15 CSWWE signature was not detectable under the CSWWE loading conditions of this experiment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Kaldy, J (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, 2111 SE Marine Sci Ctr Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM kaldy.jim@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was part of a larger collaborative project under the direction of E. Kim that included EPA Office of Wetlands Oceans and Watershed, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, EPA-Region 10, various Non Governmental Organizations and the Cruise Ship industry. Thanks to S. Stephens, Skagway Port Manager for access to several research sites. The author wishes to thank Drs. P.M. Eldridge (deceased), C.A. Brown and W.G. Nelson for many discussions and improvements to the manuscript. Discussions and comments from R.J. Brooks, W. Rugh, K. Kylminster and the "Isotopics group" also improved the manuscript. W. Rugh at ISIRF was instrumental in isotope analyses; isotope sample preparation was carried out by C. Folger and K. Marko. Site map was produced by P. Clinton. Captain and Crew of the EPA's Ocean Survey Vessel Bold made sample collection possible. Constructive critique from an anonymous reviewer improved this manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subject to the agency's peer and administrative review. It has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 62 IS 8 BP 1762 EP 1771 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.023 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 809GE UT WOS:000294039000034 PM 21683418 ER PT J AU Borisova, T Krisanova, N Sivko, R Kasatkina, L Borysov, A Griffin, S Wireman, M AF Borisova, Tatiana Krisanova, Natalia Sivko, Roman Kasatkina, Ludmila Borysov, Arseniy Griffin, Susan Wireman, Mike TI Presynaptic malfunction: The neurotoxic effects of cadmium and lead on the proton gradient of synaptic vesicles and glutamate transport SO NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Cadmium; Lead; Proton gradient; Glutamate transport; Rat brain nerve terminals; Rat brain synaptic vesicles ID RAT HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; V-ATPASES; TRANSMISSION; BRAIN; PB2+; MEMBRANE; SYSTEMS AB Exposure to Cd2+ and Pb2+ has neurotoxic consequences for human health and may cause neurodegeneration. The study focused on the analysis of the presynaptic mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects of non-essential heavy metals Cd2+ and Pb2+. It was shown that the preincubation of rat brain nerve terminals with Cd2+ (200 mu M) or Pb2+ (200 mu M) resulted in the attenuation of synaptic vesicles acidification, which was assessed by the steady state level of the fluorescence of pH-sensitive dye acridine orange. A decrease in L-[C-14]glutamate accumulation in digitonin-permeabilized synaptosomes after the addition of the metals, which reflected lowered L-[C-14]glutamate accumulation by synaptic vesicles inside of synaptosomes, may be considered in the support of the above data. Using isolated rat brain synaptic vesicles, it was found that 50 mu M Cd2+ or Pb2+ caused dissipation of their proton gradient, whereas the application of essential heavy metal Mn2+ did not do it within the range of the concentration of 50-500 mu M. Thus, synaptic malfunction associated with the influence of Cd2+ and Pb2+ may result from partial dissipation of the synaptic vesicle proton gradient that leads to: (1) a decrease in stimulated exocytosis, which is associated not only with the blockage of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, but also with incomplete filling of synaptic vesicles; (2) an attenuation of Na+-dependent glutamate uptake. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Borisova, Tatiana; Krisanova, Natalia; Sivko, Roman; Kasatkina, Ludmila; Borysov, Arseniy] NAS Ukraine, AV Palladin Biochem Inst, Dept Neurochem, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Griffin, Susan; Wireman, Mike] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Borisova, T (reprint author), NAS Ukraine, AV Palladin Biochem Inst, Dept Neurochem, 9 Leontovicha St, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. EM tborisov@biochem.kiev.ua OI Borisova, Tatiana/0000-0002-6533-1420; Kasatkina, Ludmila/0000-0003-3935-5389 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU) [P - 322, P - 322a] FX This work was supported by Grant # P - 322 and P - 322a from US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU). NR 67 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0197-0186 EI 1872-9754 J9 NEUROCHEM INT JI Neurochem. Int. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 59 IS 2 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.05.014 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 809YC UT WOS:000294091600021 PM 21672571 ER PT J AU White, C Tancos, M Lytle, DA AF White, Colin Tancos, Matthew Lytle, Darren A. TI Microbial Community Profile of a Lead Service Line Removed from a Drinking Water Distribution System SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METAL RESISTANCE; MICROBIOLOGICALLY INDUCED CORROSION; ALCALIGENES-EUTROPHUS CH34; SP-NOV.; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; PAENIBACILLUS-JAMILAE; CONTAMINATED SOILS; COPPER PIPES; EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE; NITRIFICATION AB A corroded lead service line was removed from a drinking water distribution system, and the microbial community was profiled using 16S rRNA gene techniques. This is the first report of the characterization of a biofilm on the surface of a corroded lead drinking water service line. The majority of phylotypes have been linked to heavy-metal-contaminated environments. C1 [White, Colin] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Tancos, Matthew] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [White, Colin; Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP White, C (reprint author), 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mail Stop B17, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM white.colin@epa.gov NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2011 VL 77 IS 15 BP 5557 EP 5561 DI 10.1128/AEM.02446-10 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 798PW UT WOS:000293224500061 PM 21652741 ER PT J AU Waldhoff, ST Fawcett, AA AF Waldhoff, Stephanie T. Fawcett, Allen A. TI Can developed economies combat dangerous anthropogenic climate change without near-term reductions from developing economies? SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article AB Developing economy greenhouse gas emissions are growing rapidly relative to developed economy emissions (Boden et al. 2010) and developing economies as a group have greater emissions than developed economies. These developments are expected to continue (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2010), which has led some to question the effectiveness of emissions mitigation in developed economies without a commitment to extensive mitigation action from developing economies. One often heard argument against proposed U.S. legislation to limit carbon emissions to mitigate climate change is that, without participation from large developing economies like China and India, stabilizing temperature at 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial (United Nations 2009), or even reducing global emissions levels, would be impossible (Driessen 2009; RPC Energy Facts 2009) or prohibitively expensive (Clarke et al. 2009). Here we show that significantly delayed action by rapidly developing countries is not a reason to forgo mitigation efforts in developed economies. This letter examines the effect of a scenario with no explicit international climate policy and two policy scenarios, full global action and a developing economy delay, on the probability of exceeding various global average temperature changes by 2100. This letter demonstrates that even when developing economies delay any mitigation efforts until 2050 the effect of action by developed economies will appreciably reduce the probability of more extreme levels of temperature change. This paper concludes that early carbon mitigation efforts by developed economies will considerably affect the distribution over future climate change, whether or not developing countries begin mitigation efforts in the near term. C1 [Waldhoff, Stephanie T.; Fawcett, Allen A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Waldhoff, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM waldhoff.stephanie@epa.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD AUG PY 2011 VL 107 IS 3-4 BP 635 EP 641 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0132-7 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 799LO UT WOS:000293288400022 ER EF