FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Han, C Nagendra, V Nasir Baig, RB Varma, RS Nadagouda, MN AF Han, Changseok Nagendra, Varun Nasir Baig, R. B. Varma, Rajender S. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI Expeditious Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles Using Vitamin B-12 under Microwave Irradiation SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE green synthesis; microwave irradiation; noble metal nanoparticles; vitamin B-12 ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; GREEN SYNTHESIS; GOLD; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOWIRES AB A greener synthesis protocol for noble nanometals is developed using vitamin B-12 as a reducing and capping agent in conjunction with the use of microwaves. Successful assembly of nanoparticles or microparticles with varied shapes and sizes have been demonstrated. The synthesized Ag, Au, and Pd samples were thoroughly characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission microscopy, and UV-visible spectrophotometry, confirming that metallic Ag, Au, and Pd were synthesized by the green chemistry method. C1 [Han, Changseok; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Nat Risk Management Res Lab, Water Qual Management Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Han, Changseok] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Nagendra, Varun] Sycamore High Sch, Montgomery, OH 45242 USA. [Nasir Baig, R. B.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM changseok.han94@gmail.com; vman3003@gmail.com; naseer.chem@gmail.com; varma.rajender@epa.gov; nadagouda.mallikarjuna@epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX R.B. Nasir Baig was supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-3417 J9 APPL SCI-BASEL JI Appl. Sci.-Basel PD SEP PY 2015 VL 5 IS 3 BP 415 EP 426 DI 10.3390/app5030415 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA CT2PF UT WOS:000362644500017 ER PT J AU Jagai, JS Li, QL Wang, S Messier, KP Wade, TJ Hilborn, ED AF Jagai, Jyotsna S. Li, Quanlin Wang, Shiliang Messier, Kyle P. Wade, Timothy J. Hilborn, Elizabeth D. TI Extreme Precipitation and Emergency Room Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness in Areas with and without Combined Sewer Systems: An Analysis of Massachusetts Data, 2003-2007 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID WATERBORNE CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION; US NATIONAL ASSESSMENT; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; DISTRIBUTED LAG; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS AB Background: Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) occur in combined sewer systems when sewage and stormwater runoff are released into water bodies, potentially contaminating water sources. CSOs are often caused by heavy precipitation and are expected to increase with increasing extreme precipitation associated with climate change. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether the association between heavy rainfall and rate of emergency room (ER) visits for gastrointestinal (GI) illness differed in the presence of CSOs. Methods: For the study period 2003-2007, time series of daily rate of ER visits for GI illness and meteorological data were organized for three exposure regions: a) CSOs impacting drinking water sources, b) CSOs impacting recreational waters, c) no CSOs. A distributed lag Poisson regression assessed cumulative effects for an 8-day lag period following heavy (>= 90th and >= 95th percentile) and extreme (>= 99th percentile) precipitation events, controlling for temperature and long-term time trends. Results: The association between extreme rainfall and rate of ER visits for GI illness differed among regions. Only the region with drinking water exposed to CSOs demonstrated a significant increased cumulative risk for rate (CRR) of ER visits for GI for all ages in the 8-day period following extreme rainfall: CRR: 1.13 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.28) compared with no rainfall. Conclusions: The rate of ER visits for GI illness was associated with extreme precipitation in the area with CSO discharges to a drinking water source. Our findings suggest an increased risk for GI illness among consumers whose drinking water source may be impacted by CSOs after extreme precipitation. C1 [Jagai, Jyotsna S.] Univ Illinois, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Jagai, Jyotsna S.; Wang, Shiliang; Wade, Timothy J.; Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Li, Quanlin] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Biostat & Bioinformat Res Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Messier, Kyle P.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Jagai, JS (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, 2121 W Taylor St,M-C 922, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM jjagai2@uic.edu RI Li, Quanlin/H-2358-2015 OI Li, Quanlin/0000-0002-3876-0617 NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 123 IS 9 BP 873 EP 879 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408971 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CT3CA UT WOS:000362682700010 PM 25855939 ER PT J AU Silbajoris, R Linak, W Shenderova, O Winterrowd, C Chang, HC Zweier, JL Kota, A Dailey, LA Nunn, N Bromberg, PA Samet, JM AF Silbajoris, Robert Linak, William Shenderova, Olga Winterrowd, Christopher Chang, Huan-Cheng Zweier, Jay L. Kota, Anirudh Dailey, Lisa A. Nunn, Nicholas Bromberg, Philip A. Samet, James M. TI Detonation nanodiamond toxicity in human airway epithelial cells is modulated by air oxidation SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Nanodiamond; Toxicity; Human airway epithelial cells; Interleukin-8; Zeta potential ID SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; IN-VIVO; PARTICLES; DIAMONDS AB Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs), a nanomaterial with an increasing range of industrial and biomedical applications, have previously been shown to induce a pro-inflammatory response in cultured human airway epithelial cells (HAECs). We now show that surface modifications induced by air oxidation of DND (AO-DND), including an increase in oxygen content, formation of carboxylic groups associated with the appearance of high negative zeta potential and a decrease in unpaired electron content, are accompanied by a significant loss of bioactivity, as measured by levels of interleukin-8 mRNA in HAEC. These findings are relevant to the identification of chemical determinants and molecular mechanisms of the inhalational toxicity of carbonaceous nanomaterials. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Silbajoris, Robert; Dailey, Lisa A.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Linak, William] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shenderova, Olga; Nunn, Nicholas] Adamas Nanotechnol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Winterrowd, Christopher] ARCADIS US, Durham, NC USA. [Chang, Huan-Cheng] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Zweier, Jay L.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Med Ctr, Dorothy M Davis Heart & Lung Res Inst, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zweier, Jay L.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Med Ctr, Div Cardiovasc Med,Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kota, Anirudh] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), EPA Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Samet.James@epa.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 58 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2015.05.007 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CS5SA UT WOS:000362137100004 ER PT J AU Griffin, SM Converse, RR Leon, JS Wade, TJ Jiang, X Moe, CL Egorov, AI AF Griffin, Shannon M. Converse, Reagan R. Leon, Juan S. Wade, Timothy J. Jiang, Xi Moe, Christine L. Egorov, Andrey I. TI Application of salivary antibody immunoassays for the detection of incident infections with Norwalk virus in a group of volunteers SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Salivary antibody; Volunteer challenge study; Norovirus; Immunoassay; Incident infection ID DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ORAL FLUID; GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS; NOROVIRUS OUTBREAKS; ANTIGEN; GENOGROUP; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; SERUM AB Norovirus infection is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in developed countries. Developing an assay based on a non-invasive biomarker for detecting incident norovirus infections could improve disease surveillance and epidemiological investigations. This project involved analysis of IgA and IgG norovirus-specific antibody responses in saliva samples from a Norwalk virus (Genogroup I, genotype 1 norovirus) challenge study involving infected and symptomatic, and non-infected asymptomatic individuals. Saliva was collected at the challenge, and two weeks and 40 days post-challenge. Samples were analyzed using the Luminex fluorometric and Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. Recombinant P domains of Norwalk virus capsid protein, as well as similar recombinant proteins of two genogroup II noroviruses (VA387 and VA207) were used as antigens. Immunoconversions were defined as >4-fold increase in antibody responses to the norovirus antigens. Various sample pretreatment options, buffers, saliva dilution ratios, and data adjustment approaches to control for sampleto-sample variability in saliva composition were compared using the Luminex assay. The results suggest that adjusting responses to the norovirus antigens for responses to the protein purification tag, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), significantly improved the odds of producing a correct immunoconversion test result. IgG-based tests were more accurate compared to IgA-based tests. At optimal conditions, both Luminex and MSD assays for Norwalk-specific IgG antibodies correctly identified all infected and noninfected individuals. There was no evidence of cross-reactivity of anti-Norwalk virus antibodies with genogroup II noroviruses. These results suggest that salivary antibody responses can be used for the detection of incident infections with Norwalk virus in prospective surveys. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Griffin, Shannon M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Converse, Reagan R.; Wade, Timothy J.; Egorov, Andrey I.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Leon, Juan S.; Moe, Christine L.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jiang, Xi] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Egorov, AI (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD 58C, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM andegorov@gmail.com RI Leon, Juan/E-9674-2012 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [K01AI087724] FX The authors are thankful to Jefferson Inmon for his laboratory assistance and to Jennifer Cashdollar and Elizabeth Hedrick (US EPA) for critical review of the draft manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of US EPA Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying official US EPA approval, endorsement or recommendation. This work was supported in part (to Juan S. Leon) by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K01AI087724. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 EI 1872-7905 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD SEP PY 2015 VL 424 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2015.05.001 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA CS1SV UT WOS:000361848900008 PM 25985985 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JF Wetmore, BA Pearce, R Strope, C Goldsmith, R Sluka, JP Sedykh, A Tropsha, A Bosgra, S Shah, I Judson, R Thomas, RS Setzer, RW AF Wambaugh, John F. Wetmore, Barbara A. Pearce, Robert Strope, Cory Goldsmith, Rocky Sluka, James P. Sedykh, Alexander Tropsha, Alex Bosgra, Sieto Shah, Imran Judson, Richard Thomas, Russell S. Setzer, R. Woodrow TI Toxicokinetic Triage for Environmental Chemicals SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE toxicokinetics; high throughput; environmental chemicals; IVIVE ID DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS; IN-VITRO; INTRINSIC CLEARANCE; HEPATIC-CLEARANCE; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; PREDICTION; EXPOSURE; HUMANS AB Toxicokinetic (TK) models link administered doses to plasma, blood, and tissue concentrations. High-throughput TK (HTTK) performs in vitro to in vivo extrapolation to predict TK from rapid in vitro measurements and chemical structure-based properties. A significant toxicological application of HTTK has been "reverse dosimetry," in which bioactive concentrations from in vitro screening studies are converted into in vivo doses (mg/kg BW/day). These doses are predicted to produce steady-state plasma concentrations that are equivalent to in vitro bioactive concentrations. In this study, we evaluate the impact of the approximations and assumptions necessary for reverse dosimetry and develop methods to determine whether HTTK tools are appropriate or may lead to false conclusions for a particular chemical. Based on literature in vivo data for 87 chemicals, we identified specific properties (eg, in vitro HTTK data, physico-chemical descriptors, and predicted transporter affinities) that correlate with poor HTTK predictive ability. For 271 chemicals we developed a generic HT physiologically based TK (HTPBTK) model that predicts non-steady-state chemical concentration time-courses for a variety of exposure scenarios. We used this HTPBTK model to find that assumptions previously used for reverse dosimetry are usually appropriate, except most notably for highly bioaccumulative compounds. For the thousands of man-made chemicals in the environment that currently have no TK data, we propose a 4-element framework for chemical TK triage that can group chemicals into 7 different categories associated with varying levels of confidence in HTTK predictions. For 349 chemicals with literature HTTK data, we differentiated those chemicals for which HTTK approaches are likely to be sufficient, from those that may require additional data. C1 [Wambaugh, John F.; Pearce, Robert; Strope, Cory; Shah, Imran; Judson, Richard; Thomas, Russell S.; Setzer, R. Woodrow] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Goldsmith, Rocky] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wetmore, Barbara A.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Strope, Cory] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Grantee, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sluka, James P.] Indiana Univ, Biocomplex Inst, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Sedykh, Alexander; Tropsha, Alex] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem Biol & Med Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27955 USA. [Bosgra, Sieto] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. RP Wambaugh, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Wambaugh.john@epa.gov OI Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X; Setzer, Rhyne/0000-0002-6709-9186 FU US EPA [R835001]; NIH [GM077138, GM66940, R21GM076059]; Biocomplexity Institute at Indiana University; American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research IniInitiative; European Commission [GA244236]; Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing [20011-21]; Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. James Sluka was funded by the US EPA (R835001), the NIH (GM077138) and the Biocomplexity Institute at Indiana University. Barbara Wetmore was funded by the American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research IniInitiative. Sieto Bosgra was funded by the European Commission 7th Framework Program project ChemScreen (GA244236). Alex Tropsha and Alex Sedykh were supported by grants from NIH (GM66940 and R21GM076059), The Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (20011-21) and Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 147 IS 1 BP 55 EP 67 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfv118 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CR4QQ UT WOS:000361322000006 PM 26085347 ER PT J AU Pavovic, J Holder, AL Yelyerton, TLB AF Pavovic, Jelica Holder, Amara L. Yelyerton, Tiffany L. B. TI Effects of Aftermarket Control Technologies on Gas and Particle Phase Oxidative Potential from Diesel Engine Emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN SPECIES ROS; PROFLUORESCENT NITROXIDE PROBE; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; PERSISTENT FREE-RADICALS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; REDOX ACTIVITY; EXHAUST; AEROSOLS; NANOPARTICLES AB Particulate matter (PM) originating from diesel combustion is a public health concern due to its association with adverse effects on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer. This study investigated emissions from three stationary diesel engines (genets) and varying power output (230 kW, 400 kW, and 600 kW) at 50% and 90% load to determine concentrations of gaseous (GROS) and PM reactive oxygen species (PMROS). In addition, the influence of three modern emission control technologies on ROS emissions was evaluated: active and passive diesel particulate filters (A-DPF and P-DPF) and a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC). PMROS made up 30-50% of the total ROS measured without aftermarket controls. All applied controls removed PMROS by more than 75% on average. However, the oxidative potential of PM downstream of these devices was not diminished at the same rate and particles surviving the A-PDF had an even higher oxidative potential on a per PM mass basis compared to the particles emitted by uncontrolled gensets. Further, the GROS as compared to PMROS emissions were not reduced with the same efficiency (<36%). GROS concentrations were highest with the DOC in use, indicating continued formation of GROS with this control. Correlation analyses showed that PMROS and to a lesser extent GROS have a good correlation with semivolatile organic carbon (OC1) subfraction. In addition, results suggest that chemical composition, rather than PM size, is responsible for differences in the PM oxidative potential. C1 [Pavovic, Jelica] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Holder, Amara L.; Yelyerton, Tiffany L. B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pavovic, J (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Energy & Transport, Sustainable Transport Unit, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. EM jelica.pavlovic@jrc.ec.europa.eu FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We acknowledge the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for supporting this research under contract with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the supporting agencies. Any mention of trade names, products, or services does not imply an endorsement by the US Government or the United States Environmental Protection Agency. EPA does not endorse any commercial products, services, or enterprises. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 17 BP 10544 EP 10552 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01487 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CQ7HM UT WOS:000360773600033 ER PT J AU Richter, AP Brown, JS Bharti, B Wang, A Gangwal, S Houck, K Hubal, EAC Paunov, VN Stoyanov, SD Velev, OD AF Richter, Alexander P. Brown, Joseph S. Bharti, Bhuvnesh Wang, Amy Gangwal, Sumit Houck, Keith Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen Paunov, Vesselin N. Stoyanov, Simeon D. Velev, Orlin D. TI An environmentally benign antimicrobial nanoparticle based on a silver-infused lignin core SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GREEN SYNTHESIS; PROTEIN CORONA; TOXICITY; IONS; STABILIZATION; DEGRADATION; PSEUDOMONAS AB Silver nanoparticles have antibacterial properties, but their use has been a cause for concern because they persist in the environment. Here, we show that lignin nanoparticles infused with silver ions and coated with a cationic polyelectrolyte layer form a biodegradable and green alternative to silver nanoparticles. The polyelectrolyte layer promotes the adhesion of the particles to bacterial cell membranes and, together with silver ions, can kill a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and quaternary-amine-resistant Ralstonia sp. Ion depletion studies have shown that the bioactivity of these nanoparticles is time-limited because of the desorption of silver ions. High-throughput bioactivity screening did not reveal increased toxicity of the particles when compared to an equivalent mass of metallic silver nanoparticles or silver nitrate solution. Our results demonstrate that the application of green chemistry principles may allow the synthesis of nanoparticles with biodegradable cores that have higher antimicrobial activity and smaller environmental impact than metallic silver nanoparticles. C1 [Richter, Alexander P.; Brown, Joseph S.; Bharti, Bhuvnesh; Velev, Orlin D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Amy; Gangwal, Sumit; Houck, Keith; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Paunov, Vesselin N.] Univ Hull, Dept Chem, Surfactant & Colloid Grp, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Stoyanov, Simeon D.] Wageningen Univ, Phys Chem & Soft Matter, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Stoyanov, Simeon D.] UCL, Dept Mech Engn, London WC1E 7JE, England. RP Richter, AP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM odvelev@ncsu.edu OI Paunov, Vesselin/0000-0001-6878-1681 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA); National Science Foundation Tringle Center for Programmable Soft Matter [DMR-1121107]; North Carolina State University; European Cooperation in Science and Technology Actions [MP1305, MP1106]; European Union Project [FP7-REGPOT-2011-1] FX The authors acknowledge funding from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) via a Pathfinder Innovation Projects grant, the National Science Foundation Tringle Center for Programmable Soft Matter (DMR-1121107) and North Carolina State University. The authors thank D. Plemmons and A.K. Sarkar for assistance with initial studies, and H. Armstrong for assistance with Ag+ ion desorption studies. Thanks go to M. Moore for the analysis and characterization of PDAC-resistant Ralstonia sp. bacteria, R. Garcia for transmission electron microscopy analysis and K. Hutchinson and the Analytical Spectroscopy Service Laboratory at North Carolina State University for silver content analysis. S.D.S. acknowledges financial support from European Cooperation in Science and Technology Actions MP1305 and MP1106, as well European Union Project FP7-REGPOT-2011-1, 'Beyond Everest'. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 50 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 25 U2 107 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 10 IS 9 BP 817 EP + DI 10.1038/NNANO.2015.141 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CQ9JY UT WOS:000360932000020 PM 26167765 ER PT J AU King, KE AF King, Katherine E. TI Chicago residents' perceptions of air quality: objective pollution, the built environment, and neighborhood stigma theory SO POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Built environment; Neighborhood stigma; Neighborhood health disparities; Walkability; Environmental justice ID HAZARDOUS-WASTE; INEQUALITY; CRIME; DISORDER; SITES; CONSTRUCTION; DISPARITIES; FACILITIES; JUSTICE; CONTEXT AB Substantial research documents higher pollution levels in minority neighborhoods, but little research evaluates how residents perceive their own communities' pollution risks. According to "neighborhood stigma" theory, survey respondents share a cultural bias that minorities cause social dysfunction, leading to over-reports of dysfunction in minority communities. This study investigates perceptions of residential outdoor air quality by linking objective data on built and social environments with multiple measures of pollution and a representative survey of Chicago residents. Consistent with the scholarly narrative, results show that air quality is rated worse where minorities and poverty are concentrated, even after extensive adjustment for objective pollution and built environment measures. Perceptions of air pollution may thus be driven by neighborhood socioeconomic position far more than by respondents' ability to perceive pollution. The finding that 63.5 % of the sample reported excellent or good air quality helps to explain current challenging in promoting environmental action. C1 US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP King, KE (reprint author), US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM keking@umich.edu FU Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities - National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities [P60MD002249]; NICHD Center [R24 HD041028]; Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA and in part by the Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities (P60MD002249) funded by the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities. The author gratefully acknowledges use of the services and facilities of the Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan, funded by NICHD Center Grant R24 HD041028. This work does not represent the official policies of the Environmental Protection Agency. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0199-0039 EI 1573-7810 J9 POPUL ENVIRON JI Popul. Env. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1007/s11111-014-0228-x PG 21 WC Demography; Environmental Studies SC Demography; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CQ4HS UT WOS:000360566100001 PM 26527847 ER PT J AU Villeneuve, DL AF Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI In Response: The path forward for the adverse outcome pathway framework-A regulatory perspective SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Villeneuve, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1938 EP 1940 DI 10.1002/etc.3045 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CQ3KJ UT WOS:000360500600003 PM 26313031 ER PT J AU Lee, WH Wahman, DG Pressman, JG AF Lee, Woo Hyoung Wahman, David. G. Pressman, Jonathan. G. TI Monochloramine-sensitive amperometric microelectrode: optimization of gold, platinum, and carbon fiber sensing materials for removal of dissolved oxygen interference SO IONICS LA English DT Article DE Microelectrode; Monochloramine; Oxygen interference; Gold; Platinum; Carbon fiber ID NITRIFYING BIOFILMS; SURFACE; RESPONSES; ELECTRODE; PH AB Monochloramine electrochemical determination in an aqueous system using newly fabricated gold and platinum microelectrodes was investigated to optimize sensor operation and to eliminate dissolved oxygen (DO) interference during monochloramine measurements. Carbon fiber microelectrodes were also compared for reference purposes. Gold and platinum microelectrodes exhibited no oxygen interference during monochloramine measurement and provided a linear relationship when operated at +150 and +300 mV vs. Ag/AgCl over a wide concentration range (0-4.2 mg Cl-2/L), respectively. The carbon fiber microelectrode with 7-mu m tip diameter was not sufficiently sensitive to monochloramine concentrations for detailed study. The baseline signal of both gold and platinum microelectrodes (i.e., signal without monochloramine) was near zero. With the same geometric tip diameter (20-mu m tip diameter), gold microelectrodes resulted in better amperometric electrode response to monochloramine than platinum microelectrodes; gold microelectrodes had a higher sensitivity (52 +/- 0.7 vs. 18 +/- 0.07 pA/[mg Cl-2/L]) and lower detection limit (0.12 +/- 0.013 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.10 mg Cl-2/L), resulting in gold as the preferred microelectrode material. The developed gold microelectrode will allow accurate in situ monochloramine determination in biofilm while eliminating the confounding effects of oxygen interference. C1 [Lee, Woo Hyoung] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Wahman, David. G.; Pressman, Jonathan. G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pressman, JG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 Martin Luther King Dr West, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Pressman.Jonathan@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors thank Dr. William R. Heineman in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cincinnati for the use of the BAS 100B electrochemical analyzer. The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0947-7047 EI 1862-0760 J9 IONICS JI Ionics PD SEP PY 2015 VL 21 IS 9 BP 2663 EP 2674 DI 10.1007/s11581-015-1454-7 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Physics GA CP7SN UT WOS:000360088500033 ER PT J AU Ganguly, R Batterman, S Isakov, V Snydert, M Breen, M Brakefield-Caldwell, W AF Ganguly, Rajiv Batterman, Stuart Isakov, Vlad Snydert, Michelle Breen, Michael Brakefield-Caldwell, Wilma TI Effect of geocoding errors on traffic-related air pollutant exposure and concentration estimates SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE traffic; air pollution; human exposure; geocoding ID POSITIONAL ACCURACY; NEAR-ROAD; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; QUALITY; DISPERSION; IMPACT; UNCERTAINTIES; ASSOCIATIONS AB Exposure to traffic-related air pollutants is highest very near roads, and thus exposure estimates are sensitive to positional errors. This study evaluates positional and PM2.5 concentration errors that result from the use of automated geocoding methods and from linearized approximations of roads in link-based emission inventories. Two automated geocoders (Bing Map and ArcGIS) along with handheld GPS instruments were used to geocode 160 home locations of children enrolled in an air pollution study investigating effects of traffic-related pollutants in Detroit, Michigan. The average and maximum positional errors using the automated geocoders were 35 and 196 m, respectively. Comparing road edge and road centerline, differences in house-to-highway distances averaged 23 m and reached 82 m. These differences were attributable to road curvature, road width and the presence of ramps, factors that should be considered in proximity measures used either directly as an exposure metric or as inputs to dispersion or other models. Effects of positional errors for the 160 homes on PM2.5 concentrations resulting from traffic-related emissions were predicted using a detailed road network and the RLINE dispersion model. Concentration errors averaged only 9%, but maximum errors reached 54% for annual averages and 87% for maximum 24-h averages. Whereas most geocoding errors appear modest in magnitude, 5% to 20% of residences are expected to have positional errors exceeding 100 m. Such errors can substantially alter exposure estimates near roads because of the dramatic spatial gradients of traffic-related pollutant concentrations. To ensure the accuracy of exposure estimates for traffic-related air pollutants, especially near roads, confirmation of geocoordinates is recommended. C1 [Ganguly, Rajiv] Jaypee Univ Informat Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Solan, India. [Batterman, Stuart] Univ Michigan, Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Isakov, Vlad; Breen, Michael] US EPA, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Snydert, Michelle] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Brakefield-Caldwell, Wilma] CAAA, Detroit, MI USA. RP Batterman, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM stuartb@umich.edu RI Ganguly, Rajiv/E-1199-2015 OI Ganguly, Rajiv/0000-0001-5356-1635 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [R834117]; NIEHS [5-R01-ESO14677-02, R01 ES016769-01] FX The NEXUS study involves a community-based participatory research partnership, and we thank Community Allies Against Asthma (CAAA) and the following organizations: Arab Community Center for Economic and Social Services, Community Health and Social Services Center, Detroit Hispanic Development Corporation, Detroiters Working for Environmental Justice, Friends of Parkside, Detroit Department of Health and Wellness Promotion, Latino Family Services, Southwest Detroit Environmental Vision, Warren/Conner Development Corporation, the University of Michigan School of Medicine, the University of Michigan School of Public Health and an independent community activist. CAAA is an affiliated project of the Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research Center. We also thank Janet Burke, Steve Perry and Dave Heist at the US EPA, Laprisha Berry Vaughn, Sonya Grant, Graciela Menz and other staff at the University of Michigan, and the NEXUS participants and their families who assisted us with the collection of these data. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under cooperative agreement R834117 (University of Michigan). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The study was conducted as part of NIEHS grants 5-R01-ESO14677-02 and R01 ES016769-01. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2015 VL 25 IS 5 BP 490 EP 498 DI 10.1038/jes.2015.1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CP9AK UT WOS:000360185900006 PM 25670023 ER PT J AU Buckley, B Farraj, A AF Buckley, Barbara Farraj, Aimen TI Conceptual model for assessing criteria air pollutants in a multipollutant context: A modified adverse outcome pathway approach SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Air pollution; Criteria pollutants; Multipollutant; Adverse outcome pathway ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE EXPOSURE; SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; OZONE EXPOSURE; ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS; VASCULAR FUNCTION; ALLERGIC SENSITIZATION; BRONCHIAL REACTIVITY AB Air pollution consists of a complex mixture of particulate and gaseous components. Individual criteria and other hazardous air pollutants have been linked to adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes. However, assessing risk of air pollutant mixtures is difficult since components are present in different combinations and concentrations in ambient air. Recent mechanistic studies have limited utility because of the inability to link measured changes to adverse outcomes that are relevant to risk assessment. New approaches are needed to address this challenge. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe a conceptual model, based on the adverse outcome pathway approach, which connects initiating events at the cellular and molecular level to population-wide impacts. This may facilitate hazard assessment of air pollution mixtures. In the case reports presented here, airway hyperresponsiveness and endothelial dysfunction are measurable endpoints that serve to integrate the effects of individual criteria air pollutants found in inhaled mixtures. This approach incorporates information from experimental and observational studies into a sequential series of higher order effects. The proposed model has the potential to facilitate multipollutant risk assessment by providing a framework that can be used to converge the effects of air pollutants in light of common underlying mechanisms. This approach may provide a ready-to-use tool to facilitate evaluation of health effects resulting from exposure to air pollution mixtures. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Buckley, Barbara] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Farraj, Aimen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Buckley, B (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM buckley.barbara@epa.gov NR 97 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD SEP 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2015.07.007 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CQ3QM UT WOS:000360517600011 PM 26196529 ER PT J AU Giardina, PA Laurita, MJ Shah, SK AF Giardina, Paul A. Laurita, Matthew J. Shah, Shikhar K. TI A REVIEWOF JOSEPH J. MANGANO'S STUDY ON THE VARIATION IN THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE I-131; cancer; nuclear power plant; thyroid ID INCREASING INCIDENCE; RADIATION AB Researchers have attempted to link incidences of papillary thyroid cancer with radioiodine releases from nuclear power plants. Thyroid cancer detection rates are examined together with overall population exposure to ionizing radiation and actual radioiodine releases from the Indian Point Energy Center to determine if a causal relationship exists. A critical review of the statistical analyses used in previous papers is then presented. C1 [Giardina, Paul A.; Laurita, Matthew J.; Shah, Shikhar K.] US EPA, Reg 2, Radiat & Indoor Air Branch, New York, NY USA. [Shah, Shikhar K.] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Laurita, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 2, Radiat & Indoor Air Branch, New York, NY USA. EM laurita.matthew@epa.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 109 IS 3 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000319 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA CO9JI UT WOS:000359491100010 PM 26222221 ER PT J AU Brantley, HL Thoma, ED Eisele, AP AF Brantley, Halley L. Thoma, Eben D. Eisele, Adam P. TI Assessment of volatile organic compound and hazardous air pollutant emissions from oil and natural gas well pads using mobile remote and on-site direct measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID METHANE EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; BARNETT SHALE; UNITED-STATES; IMPACTS; OZONE; QUALITY AB Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from oil and natural gas production were investigated using direct measurements of component-level emissions on pads in the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin and remote measurements of production pad-level emissions in the Barnett, DJ, and Pinedale basins. Results from the 2011 DJ on-site study indicate that emissions from condensate storage tanks are highly variable and can be an important source of VOCs and HAPs, even when control measures are present. Comparison of the measured condensate tank emissions with potentially emitted concentrations modeled using E&P TANKS (American Petroleum Institute [API] Publication 4697) suggested that some of the tanks were likely effectively controlled (emissions less than 95% of potential), whereas others were not. Results also indicate that the use of a commercial high-volume sampler (HVS) without corresponding canister measurements may result in severe underestimates of emissions from condensate tanks. Instantaneous VOC and HAP emissions measured on-site on controlled systems in the DJ Basin were significantly higher than VOC and HAP emission results from the study conducted by Eastern Research Group (ERG) for the City of Fort Worth (2011) using the same method in the Barnett on pads with low or no condensate production. The measured VOC emissions were either lower or not significantly different from the results of studies of uncontrolled emissions from condensate tanks measured by routing all emissions through a single port monitored by a flow measurement device for 24 hr. VOC and HAP concentrations measured remotely using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Other Test Method (OTM) 33A in the DJ Basin were not significantly different from the on-site measurements, although significant differences between basins were observed.Implications: VOC and HAP emissions from upstream production operations are important due to their potential impact on regional ozone levels and proximate populations. This study provides information on the sources and variability of VOC and HAP emissions from production pads as well as a comparison between different measurement techniques and laboratory analysis protocols. On-site and remote measurements of VOC and HAP emissions from oil and gas production pads indicate that measurable emissions can occur despite the presence of control measures, often as a result of leaking thief hatch seals on condensate tanks. Furthermore, results from the remote measurement method OTM 33A indicate that it can be used effectively as an inspection technique for identifying oil and gas well pads with large fugitive emissions. C1 [Brantley, Halley L.; Thoma, Eben D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Eisele, Adam P.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. RP Thoma, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM thoma.eben@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development's Air, Climate, and Energy (ACE); Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE) programs FX Primary funding for this effort was provided by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development's Air, Climate, and Energy (ACE) and Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE) programs. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 42 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 65 IS 9 BP 1072 EP 1082 DI 10.1080/10962247.2015.1056888 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CP6CU UT WOS:000359972700004 PM 26067676 ER PT J AU Loughlin, DH Kaufman, KR Lenox, CS Hubbell, BJ AF Loughlin, Daniel H. Kaufman, Katherine R. Lenox, Carol S. Hubbell, Bryan J. TI Analysis of alternative pathways for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ENERGY EFFICIENCY; POLICY; SCENARIOS; BENEFITS; CLIMATE AB Strategies for reducing tropospheric ozone (O-3) typically include modifying combustion processes to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and applying control devices that remove NOx from the exhaust gases of power plants, industrial sources and vehicles. For portions of the U.S., these traditional controls may not be sufficient to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone. We apply the MARKet ALlocation (MARKAL) energy system model in a sensitivity analysis to explore whether additional NOx reductions can be achieved through extensive electrification of passenger vehicles, adoption of energy efficiency and conservation measures within buildings, and deployment of wind and solar power in the electric sector. Nationally and for each region of the country, we estimate the NOx implications of these measures. Energy efficiency and renewable electricity are shown to reduce NOx beyond traditional controls. Wide-spread light duty vehicle electrification produces varied results, with NOx increasing in some regions and decreasing in others. However, combining vehicle electrification with renewable electricity reduces NOx in all regions.Implications: State governments are charged with developing plans that demonstrate how air quality standards will be met and maintained. The results presented here provide an indication of the national and regional NOx reductions available beyond traditional controls via extensive adoption of energy efficiency, renewable electricity, and vehicle electrification. C1 [Loughlin, Daniel H.; Lenox, Carol S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kaufman, Katherine R.; Hubbell, Bryan J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Loughlin, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM loughlin.dan@epa.gov OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 65 IS 9 BP 1083 EP 1093 DI 10.1080/10962247.2015.1062440 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CP6CU UT WOS:000359972700005 PM 26091070 ER PT J AU Blaisi, NI Roessler, J Cheng, WZ Townsend, T Al-Abed, SR AF Blaisi, Nawaf I. Roessler, Justin Cheng, Weizhi Townsend, Timothy Al-Abed, Souhail R. TI Evaluation of the impact of lime softening waste disposal in natural environments SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Lime; Sludge; Leaching; Redox; Beneficial use ID ORGANIC-MATTER; LEACHING BEHAVIOR; SEDIMENTS; RELEASE; SOILS; IRON; CONSTRUCTION; MOBILIZATION; GROUNDWATER; RESIDUALS AB Drinking water treatment residues (WTR), generated from the lime softening processes, are commonly reused or disposed of in a number of applications; these include use as a soil amendment or a subsurface fill. Recently questions were posed by the Florida regulatory community on whether lime WTR that contained a small percentage of other treatment additives could appropriately be characterized as lime WTR, in terms of total element content and leachability. A study was done using a broad range of leaching tests, including a framework of tests recently adopted by the United States-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and tests that were modified to account for scenario specific conditions, such as the presence of natural organic matter (NOM). The results of these additional leaching tests demonstrated that certain applications, including disposal in a water body with NOM or in placement anaerobic environment, did result in increased leaching of elements such as Fe, and that a site specific assessment should be conducted prior to using WTR in these types of applications. This study illustrates the importance of leaching test selection when attempting to provide an estimation of release in practice. Although leaching tests are just one component in a beneficial use assessment and other factors including aquifer and soil properties play a significant role in the outcome, leaching tests should be tailored to most appropriately represent the scenario or reuse application being evaluated. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Blaisi, Nawaf I.; Roessler, Justin; Cheng, Weizhi; Townsend, Timothy] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Townsend, T (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, 333 New Engn Bldg,POB 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM ttown@ufl.edu FU Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management; Florida Department of Environmental Protection FX This work was funded by the Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Thanks are offered to Dr. Jay Lessel and Dr. Lena Ma from the University of Florida Soil and Water Science Department and to the water treatment facility operators participating in this study. Additional gratitude is owed to Dr. Richard Tedder and Mr. John Coates from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The investigator would also like to thank Jose Calas, Terry Davis, Darrel Graziani, Scott Harrison, Paul Andre and Wilhelmina Montero for their help with drinking water sludge sampling. Although US EPA contributed to this article, the research presented was not performed by or funded by US EPA and was not subject to US EPA's quality system requirements. Consequently, the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect or represent US EPA's views or policies. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 43 BP 524 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.06.015 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CP4ST UT WOS:000359873600052 PM 26116006 ER PT J AU Silvestri, EE Perkins, SD Feldhake, D Nichols, T Schaefer, FW AF Silvestri, Erin E. Perkins, Sarah D. Feldhake, David Nichols, Tonya Schaefer, Frank W., III TI Recent literature review of soil processing methods for recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores SO ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Bacillus anthracis spores; Soil; Indirect processing; Direct processing ID REAL-TIME PCR; SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD; RAPID-DETECTION METHODS; DNA EXTRACTION METHODS; 2 SELECTIVE MEDIA; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; SUPERDORMANT SPORES; QUANTITATIVE PCR; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; CEREUS SPORES AB Identifying virulent Bacillus anthracis within soil is a difficult task due to the number and diversity of other organisms and impeding chemical constituents within soil. Regardless of the detection assay, the initial sample must be processed efficiently to ensure that debris, chemical components, and biological impurities do not obstruct downstream analysis. Soil sample processing protocols can be divided into two general types: indirect and direct. There are two requirements for successful indirect isolation of B. anthracis from soil samples: dissociate the spores from the soil particles and physically separate the free spores from the soil particles. Adding an aqueous carrier medium to a soil sample creates a sample slurry for easier manipulation. Centrifugation, high specific gravity separation, immunomagnetic separation, filtration, and settling have been used to physically separate spores from soil. Direct processing utilizes a soil sample without first separating the spores from the bulk sample and falls under two principal types: culturing on B. anthracis selective agar and bulk DNA extraction. Direct and indirect processing steps each have associated advantages and disadvantages. The objective of this review was to consolidate information acquired from previous research, focusing primarily on data gleaned in the last decade, on the processing of soils contaminated with B. anthracis. As shown in this review, an optimized soil-processing protocol with a known recovery rate and associated confidence intervals is needed. A reliable processing protocol would allow for multiple investigators and laboratories to produce high-quality, uniform results in the event of a B. anthracis release. C1 [Silvestri, Erin E.; Schaefer, Frank W., III] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Perkins, Sarah D.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Feldhake, David] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Nichols, Tonya] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Silvestri, EE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS NG16, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Silvestri.Erin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; Defense Technical Information Center through the Battelle/Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Information and Analysis Center [SP0700-00-D-3180] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the literature review described herein under an Interagency Agreement with the Defense Technical Information Center through the Battelle/Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Information and Analysis Center Contract No. SP0700-00-D-3180, Delivery Order 0679/Technical Area Task 886 and Delivery Order 0729/Technical Area Task CB-11-0232. This document has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication. This article was generated using references (secondary data) that could not be evaluated for accuracy, precision, representativeness, completeness, or comparability and therefore no assurance can be made that the data extracted from these publications meet EPA's stringent quality assurance requirement. The contents of this document reflect the views of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this document or in the literature referenced in this document does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 107 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1590-4261 EI 1869-2044 J9 ANN MICROBIOL JI Ann. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 65 IS 3 BP 1215 EP 1226 DI 10.1007/s13213-014-0932-x PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CO7YM UT WOS:000359379800002 ER PT J AU Li, N Neumann, NF Ruecker, N Alderisio, KA Sturbaum, GD Villegas, EN Chalmers, R Monis, P Feng, YY Xiao, LH AF Li, Na Neumann, Norman F. Ruecker, Norma Alderisio, Kerri A. Sturbaum, Gregory D. Villegas, Eric N. Chalmers, Rachel Monis, Paul Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua TI Development and Evaluation of Three Real-Time PCR Assays for Genotyping and Source Tracking Cryptosporidium spp. in Water SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OOCYSTS; PARVUM; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION; PARASITES; MIXTURES; SAMPLES; TOOLS AB The occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in drinking source water can present a serious public health risk. To rapidly and effectively assess the source and human-infective potential of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water, sensitive detection and correct identification of oocysts to the species level (genotyping) are essential. In this study, we developed three real-time PCR genotyping assays, two targeting the small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (18S-LC1 and 18S-LC2 assays) and one targeting the 90-kDa heat shock protein (hsp90) gene (hsp90 assay), and evaluated the sensitivity and Cryptosporidium species detection range of these assays. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer probes and melt curve analysis, the 18S-LC1 and hsp90 assays could differentiate common human-pathogenic species (C. parvum, C. hominis, and C. meleagridis), while the 18S-LC2 assay was able to differentiate nonpathogenic species (such as C. andersoni) from human-pathogenic ones commonly found in source water. In sensitivity evaluations, the 18S-LC2 and hsp90 genotyping assays could detect as few as 1 Cryptosporidium oocyst per sample. Thus, the 18S-LC2 and hsp90 genotyping assays might be used in environmental monitoring, whereas the 18S-LC1 genotyping assay could be useful for genotyping Cryptosporidium spp. in clinical specimens or wastewater samples. C1 [Li, Na; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Li, Na; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Neumann, Norman F.] Alberta Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Neumann, Norman F.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Ruecker, Norma] City Calgary, Water Qual Serv, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Alderisio, Kerri A.] New York City Dept Environm Protect, Valhalla, NY USA. [Sturbaum, Gregory D.] CH Diagnost & Consulting Serv, Berthoud, CO USA. [Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chalmers, Rachel] Singleton Hosp, Publ Hlth Wales Microbiol, Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Monis, Paul] South Australian Water Corp, Australian Water Qual Ctr, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Neumann, Norman/J-8310-2015; Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Monis, Paul/0000-0002-9052-4742 FU Water Research Foundation [RFP4179]; Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2014ZX07104006] FX This study was supported in part by project RFP4179 from the Water Research Foundation and the Water Special Project (2014ZX07104006) from the Ministry of Science and Technology, China. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 81 IS 17 BP 5845 EP 5854 DI 10.1128/AEM.01699-15 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CO6HY UT WOS:000359259000020 PM 26092455 ER PT J AU Richardson, DB Keil, AP Tchetgen, ET Cooper, G AF Richardson, David B. Keil, Alexander P. Tchetgen, Eric Tchetgen Cooper, Glinda TI Negative Control Outcomes and the Analysis of Standardized Mortality Ratios SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; SMOKING; MODELS; ADJUSTMENT; INFERENCE; COHORT; BIAS C1 [Richardson, David B.; Keil, Alexander P.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Tchetgen, Eric Tchetgen] Harvard Univ, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cooper, Glinda] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Richardson, DB (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM david.richardson@unc.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R01OH009471] FX Supported in part by an appointment of Dr. Richardson to the Research Participation Program for the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and EPA. This work also was supported in part by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant Number: R01OH009471). NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2015 VL 26 IS 5 BP 727 EP 732 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CP2SG UT WOS:000359726800016 PM 26172862 ER PT J AU Yuan, LL Pollard, AI AF Yuan, Lester L. Pollard, Amina I. TI Deriving nutrient targets to prevent excessive cyanobacterial densities in US lakes and reservoirs SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyanobacteria; nutrients; hierarchical Bayesian models; classification ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; CLASSIFYING LAKES; CHLOROPHYLL-A; UNITED-STATES; MODEL SEARCH; PHYTOPLANKTON; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS; BLOOMS; TEMPERATURE AB High densities of cyanobacteria can interfere with the use of lakes and reservoirs for recreation and as sources for drinking water, and one approach for reducing the amount of cyanobacteria is to reduce nutrient concentrations in the waterbody. An approach is described for deriving numeric targets for concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) that are associated with a pre-specified probability of cyanobacterial biovolume that exceeds the recommended World Health Organization thresholds for recreation in the water. The analysis consisted of two phases. First, a divisive tree algorithm was used to identify groups of lakes in which the relationship between nutrients and cyanobacterial biovolume was similar. Second, hierarchical Bayesian models were used to estimate relationships between cyanobacterial biovolume, TP and TN, while partitioning the observed variance in biovolume into components associated with sampling variability, temporal variability, and among-lake differences. The final model accounted for 91% of the variance in cyanobacterial biovolume among different lakes and was used to identify nutrient concentrations that maintain a low probability of excessively high cyanobacterial biovolumes. When no classes of lakes were specified and the relationship between cyanobacterial biovolume and nutrient concentrations was modelled using a national data set, mean targets of 87 and 1100gL(-1) were derived for TP and TN, respectively, to maintain cyanobacterial biovolume below moderate risk levels as defined by the World Health Organization. After classification, mean nutrient targets in lakes that were found to be most susceptible to high biovolumes of cyanobacteria (i.e. deep lakes) were 61 and 800gL(-1) for TP and TN, while higher nutrient thresholds were observed for other classes of lakes. C1 [Yuan, Lester L.; Pollard, Amina I.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Yuan, LL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Mail Code 4304T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM yuan.lester@epa.gov NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 60 IS 9 BP 1901 EP 1916 DI 10.1111/fwb.12620 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CP3KY UT WOS:000359779000014 ER PT J AU Cascio, WE Gilmour, MI Peden, DB AF Cascio, Wayne E. Gilmour, M. Ian Peden, David B. TI Ambient Air Pollution and Increases in Blood Pressure Role for Biological Constituents of Particulate Matter SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID RISK-FACTORS; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; DISEASE; BURDEN C1 [Cascio, Wayne E.; Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Cascio, WE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD 58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM cascio.wayne@epa.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0194-911X EI 1524-4563 J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD SEP PY 2015 VL 66 IS 3 BP 469 EP 471 DI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05563 PG 3 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA CP1VO UT WOS:000359664700005 PM 26123685 ER PT J AU Kopylev, L Christensen, KY Brown, JW Cooper, GS AF Kopylev, Leonid Christensen, Krista Y. Brown, James W. Cooper, Glinda S. TI Authors' response: A systematic review of the association between pleural plaques and changes in lung function SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Kopylev, Leonid; Christensen, Krista Y.; Brown, James W.; Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Cooper.Glinda@epa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 72 IS 9 BP 685 EP 686 DI 10.1136/oemed-2015-103063 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CP0TZ UT WOS:000359590000013 PM 26203101 ER PT J AU Crawford, NM Strynar, M Steiner, A AF Crawford, N. M. Strynar, M. Steiner, A. TI IMPACT OF PERFLUORINATED CHEMICALS ON THYROID HORMONES, MARKERS OF OVARIAN RESERVE, AND NATURAL FERTILITY SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 71st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 17-21, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 [Crawford, N. M.; Steiner, A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Strynar, M.] Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 EI 1556-5653 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 104 IS 3 SU S MA O-224 BP E86 EP E86 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA DR6NP UT WOS:000380018900222 ER PT J AU Stanghellini, G AF Stanghellini, Giovanni TI SOME SUGGESTIONS TO INTEGRATE THE SELF-DISORDER HYPOTHESIS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA SO PHILOSOPHY PSYCHIATRY & PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE hermeneutic; person; phenomenology; self-disorder; schizophrenia ID PSYCHOPATHOLOGY C1 [Stanghellini, Giovanni] Univ G DAnnunzio, Dynam Psychol & Psychopathol, Chieti, Italy. [Stanghellini, Giovanni] D Portales Univ, Santiago, Chile. [Stanghellini, Giovanni] EPA, Sect Philosophy & Psychiat, Washington, DC USA. RP Stanghellini, G (reprint author), Univ G DAnnunzio, Dynam Psychol & Psychopathol, Chieti, Italy. EM giostan@libero.it NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1071-6076 EI 1086-3303 J9 PHILOS PSYCHIATR PSY JI Philos. Psychiatr. Psychol. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 22 IS 3 BP 213 EP 215 DI 10.1353/ppp.2015.0040 PG 3 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA DU7OX UT WOS:000382405600008 ER PT J AU Krueger, WS Hilborn, ED Converse, RR Wade, TJ AF Krueger, W. S. Hilborn, E. D. Converse, R. R. Wade, T. J. TI Environmental risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in the United States: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Environmental exposure; Helicobacter pylori; nutrition surveys; seroepidemiological studies; seroprevalence ID PUBLIC-HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; DRINKING-WATER BIOFILMS; PENINSULAR MALAYSIA; NATURAL-ENVIRONMENT; WASTE-WATER; WELL WATER; US ADULTS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION AB Helicobacter pylori imparts a considerable burden to public health. Infections are mainly acquired in childhood and can lead to chronic diseases, including gastric ulcers and cancer. The bacterium subsists in water, but the environment's role in transmission remains poorly understood. The nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was examined for environmental risk factors associated with H. pylori seroprevalence. Data from 1999-2000 were examined and weighted to represent the US population. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations with seropositivity. Self-reported general health condition was inversely associated with seropositivity. Of participants aged <20 years, seropositivity was significantly associated with having a well as the source of home tap water (aOR 1 center dot 7, 95% CI 1 center dot 1-26) and living in a more crowded home (aOR 2 center dot 3, 95% CI 1 center dot 5-3 center dot 7). Of adults aged >= 20 years, seropositivity was not associated with well water or crowded living conditions, but adults in soil-related occupations had significantly higher odds of seropositivity compared to those in non-soil-related occupations (aOR 1 center dot 9, 95% CI 1 center dot 2-2 center dot 9). Exposures to both well water and occupationally related soil increased the effect size of adults' odds of seropositivity compared to non-exposed adults (aOR 2 center dot 7, 95% CI 1 center dot 3-5 center dot 6). Environmental exposures (well-water usage and occupational contact with soil) play a role in H. pylori transmission. A disproportionate burden of infection is associated with poor health and crowded living conditions, but risks vary by age and race/ethnicity. These findings could help inform interventions to reduce the burden of infections in the United States. C1 [Krueger, W. S.; Converse, R. R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Krueger, W. S.; Hilborn, E. D.; Converse, R. R.; Wade, T. J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Krueger, WS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, POB 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM krueger.whitney@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 143 IS 12 BP 2520 EP 2531 DI 10.1017/S0950268814003938 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CO0ME UT WOS:000358844800006 PM 25592266 ER PT J AU Imen, S Chang, NB Yang, YJ AF Imen, Sanaz Chang, Ni-Bin Yang, Y. Jeffrey TI Developing the remote sensing-based early warning system for monitoring TSS concentrations in Lake Mead SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forecasting; Nowcasting; Early warning system; Remote sensing; Total suspended solids; Water supply ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; WATER-QUALITY ESTIMATION; TIME-SERIES; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; PARTICULATE MATTER; HYBRID ARIMA; MODEL; LANDSAT; PREDICTION AB Adjustment of the water treatment process to changes in water quality is a focus area for engineers and managers of water treatment plants. The desired and preferred capability depends on timely and quantitative knowledge of water quality monitoring in terms of total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations. This paper presents the development of a suite of nowcasting and forecasting methods by using high-resolution remote-sensing-based monitoring techniques on a daily basis. First, the integrated data fusion and mining (IDFM) technique was applied to develop a near real-time monitoring system for daily nowcasting of the TSS concentrations. Then a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with external input (NARXNET) model was selected and applied for forecasting analysis of the changes in TSS concentrations over time on a rolling basis onward using the IDFM technique. The implementation of such an integrated forecasting and nowcasting approach was assessed by a case study at Lake Mead hosting the water intake for Las Vegas, Nevada, in the water-stressed western U.S. Long-term monthly averaged results showed no simultaneous impact from forest fire events on accelerating the rise of TSS concentration. However, the results showed a probable impact of a decade of drought on increasing TSS concentration in the Colorado River Arm and Overton Arm. Results of the forecasting model highlight the reservoir water level as a significant parameter in predicting TSS in Lake Mead. In addition, the R-squared value of 0.98 and the root mean square error of 0.5 between the observed and predicted TSS values demonstrates the reliability and application potential of this remote sensing-based early warning system in terms of TSS projections at a drinking water intake. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Imen, Sanaz; Chang, Ni-Bin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nibinchang@gmail.com FU U.S. EPA [EP-C- 11-006] FX The authors acknowledge the help from Ms. Susan Holmes in SNWA for providing us with lower Colorado River water quality database and Mr. Mao Fang in Las Vegas Valley water district for the helpful information of water treatment plant. In addition, the authors acknowledge the help from Mr. Benjamin Vannah and Mr. Kaixu Bai for helping develop the Mat lab code. The manuscript is based on investigation results funded by the U.S. EPA through contract EP-C- 11-006. It has been subjected to the administrative review by EPA and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 40 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2015 VL 160 BP 73 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.003 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO2GD UT WOS:000358973300009 PM 26093101 ER PT J AU Devereux, R Mosher, JJ Vishnivetskaya, TA Brown, SD Beddick, DL Yates, DF Palumbo, AV AF Devereux, R. Mosher, J. J. Vishnivetskaya, T. A. Brown, S. D. Beddick, D. L., Jr. Yates, D. F. Palumbo, A. V. TI Changes in northern Gulf of Mexico sediment bacterial and archaeal communities exposed to hypoxia SO GEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; DIVERSITY; IRON; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; THAUMARCHAEOTA; NITRIFICATION; MISSISSIPPI AB Biogeochemical changes in marine sediments during coastal water hypoxia are well described, but less is known about underlying changes in microbial communities. Bacterial and archaeal communities in Louisiana continental shelf (LCS) hypoxic zone sediments were characterized by pyrosequencing 16S rRNA V4-region gene fragments obtained by PCR amplification of community genomic DNA with bacterial- or archaeal-specific primers. Duplicate LCS sediment cores collected during hypoxia had higher concentrations of Fe(II), and dissolved inorganic carbon, phosphate, and ammonium than cores collected when overlying water oxygen concentrations were normal. Pyrosequencing yielded 158686 bacterial and 225591 archaeal sequences from 20 sediment samples, representing five 2-cm depth intervals in the duplicate cores. Bacterial communities grouped by sampling date and sediment depth in a neighbor-joining analysis using Chao-Jaccard shared species values. Redundancy analysis indicated that variance in bacterial communities was mainly associated with differences in sediment chemistry between oxic and hypoxic water column conditions. Gammaproteobacteria (26.5%) were most prominent among bacterial sequences, followed by Firmicutes (9.6%), and Alphaproteobacteria (5.6%). Crenarchaeotal, thaumarchaeotal, and euryarchaeotal lineages accounted for 57%, 27%, and 16% of archaeal sequences, respectively. In Thaumarchaeota Marine Group I, sequences were 96-99% identical to the Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 sequence, were highest in surficial sediments, and accounted for 31% of archaeal sequences when waters were normoxic vs. 13% of archaeal sequences when waters were hypoxic. Redundancy analysis showed Nitrosopumilus-related sequence abundance was correlated with high solid-phase Fe(III) concentrations, whereas most of the remaining archaeal clusters were not. In contrast, crenarchaeotal sequences were from phylogenetically diverse lineages, differed little in relative abundance between sampling times, and increased to high relative abundance with sediment depth. These results provide further evidence that marine sediment microbial community composition can be structured according to sediment chemistry and suggest the expansion of hypoxia in coastal waters may alter sediment microbial communities involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling. C1 [Devereux, R.; Beddick, D. L., Jr.; Yates, D. F.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Mosher, J. J.; Vishnivetskaya, T. A.; Brown, S. D.; Palumbo, A. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Devereux, R (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM devereux.richard@epa.gov RI Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; OI Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana/0000-0002-0660-023X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DOE FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1472-4677 EI 1472-4669 J9 GEOBIOLOGY JI Geobiology PD SEP PY 2015 VL 13 IS 5 BP 478 EP 493 DI 10.1111/gbi.12142 PG 16 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA CN6IE UT WOS:000358537300006 PM 25939270 ER PT J AU Wu, HL Yoon, MY Verner, MA Xue, JP Luo, M Andersen, ME Longnecker, MP Clewell, HJ AF Wu, Huali Yoon, Miyoung Verner, Marc-Andre Xue, Jianping Luo, Man Andersen, Melvin E. Longnecker, Matthew P. Clewell, Harvey J., III TI Can the observed association between serum perfluoroalkyl substances and delayed menarche be explained on the basis of puberty-related changes in physiology and pharmacokinetics? SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE PFOA; PFOS; PBPK; Menarche; Female; Environmental exposure ID PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID PFOA; BODY-MASS INDEX; POLYFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; SULFONATE PFOS; GIRLS; AGE; SAMPLES; FLUID AB Background: An association between serum levels of two perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and delayed age at menarche was reported in a cross-sectional study of adolescents. Because perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have half-lives of years, growth dilution and the development of a new route of excretion (menstruation) could account for some or all of the reported association. Objectives: To assess how much of the epidemiologic association between PFAS and delayed menarche can be explained by the correlation of growth and maturation with PFAS body burden. Methods: We developed a Monte Carlo (MC) physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of PFAS to simulate plasma PFAS levels in a hypothetical female population aged 2 to 20 years old. Realistic distributions of physiological parameters as well as timing of growth spurts and menarche were incorporated in the model. The association between PFAS level and delayed menarche in the simulated data was compared with the reported association. Results: The prevalence of menarche, distributions of age-dependent physiological parameters, and quartiles of serum PFAS concentrations in the simulated subjects were comparable to those reported in the epidemiologic study. The delay of menarche in days per natural log increase in PFAS concentrations in the simulated data were about one third as large as the observed values. Conclusion: The reported relationship between PFAS and age at menarche appears to be at least partly explained by pharmacokinetics rather than a toxic effect of these substances. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Huali; Yoon, Miyoung; Luo, Man; Andersen, Melvin E.; Clewell, Harvey J., III] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Verner, Marc-Andre] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Xue, Jianping] US Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Longnecker, Matthew P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Yoon, MY (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. OI Yoon, Miyoung/0000-0002-3653-3488; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company; 3M; American Chemistry Council Long Range Research Initiative (ACC-LRI); Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) FX We would like to thank Dr. Mark Russell at DuPont and Drs. Haluk Ozkaynak, Cecilia Tan, Kristin Isaacs, Paul Schlosser, and Cory Strope at the US Environmental Protection Agency for their helpful discussion on exposure description. We would like to thank Cody Peeples at the Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences for reviewing model code and equations. This study was supported by the E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, 3M, the American Chemistry Council Long Range Research Initiative (ACC-LRI), the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). MPL received no compensation from E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or 3M. The authors certify that their freedom to design, conduct, interpret, and publish research was not compromised by any sponsor. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 82 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.006 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM7XM UT WOS:000357909800008 PM 26043300 ER PT J AU Eikenberry, BCS Riva-Murray, K Knightes, CD Journey, CA Chasar, LC Brigham, ME Bradley, PM AF Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder Riva-Murray, Karen Knightes, Christopher D. Journey, Celeste A. Chasar, Lia C. Brigham, Mark E. Bradley, Paul M. TI Optimizing fish sampling for fish-mercury bioaccumulation factors SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Fish; Bioaccumulation; BAF; TMDL; Hg criteria ID UNITED-STATES; STREAMS; RIVER; TISSUE; CARBON; LAKES; FOOD AB Fish Bioaccumulation Factors (BAFs; ratios of mercury (Hg) in fish (Hg-fish) and water water (Ha(water))) are used to, develop total maximum daily load and water quality criteria for Hg-impaired waters. Both applications require representative Hg-fish estimates and, thus, are sensitive to sampling and data-treatment methods. Data collected by fixed protocol from 11 streams in 5 states distributed across the US were used to assess the effects of Hg-fish normalization/standardization methods and fish-sample numbers on BAF estimates. Fish length, followed by weight, was most correlated to adult top-predator Hg-fish. Site-specific BAFs based on length-normalized and standardized Hg-fish estimates demonstrated up to 50% less variability than those based on non-normalized Hg-fish. Permutation analysis indicated that length-normalized and standardized Hg-fish estimates based on at least 8 trout or 5 bass resulted in mean Hg-fish coefficients of variation less than 20%. These results are intended to support regulatory mercury monitoring and load-reduction program improvements. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Riva-Murray, Karen] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Journey, Celeste A.; Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Chasar, Lia C.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA. [Brigham, Mark E.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA. RP Bradley, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. EM pbradley@usgs.gov OI Brigham, Mark/0000-0001-7412-6800; Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851 FU National Water-Quality Assessment and Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs of the USGS FX This study was supported by the National Water-Quality Assessment and Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs of the USGS. We thank the following agencies for site access or field support: H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality; Beaverton (Oregon) School District; Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; the Adirondack Ecological Center (State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry), The Nature Conservancy, Finch Pruyn & Company, and RMK Timberland; the family of Senator Strom Thurmond; St. Johns River Water Management District, Florida, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission. Daniel T. Button (USGS) provided database support for the study, and Wesley Brooks wrote the computer script for resampling analysis in R software. We would also like to thank Bruce Monson (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency) for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Geological Survey's and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Statements in this publication should not be construed to represent any determination or policy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD SEP PY 2015 VL 135 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.068 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CL1YN UT WOS:000356740900060 ER PT J AU Huang, XL El Badawy, AM Arambewela, M Adkins, R Tolaymat, T AF Huang, Xiao-Lan El Badawy, Amro M. Arambewela, Mahendranath Adkins, Renata Tolaymat, Thabet TI Mineral phases and metals in baghouse dust from secondary aluminum production SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Aluminum; Baghouse dust (BHD); Landfill; Secondary aluminum production (SAP); Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) ID SALT CAKE; MANAGEMENT; NITRIDE AB Baghouse dust (BHD) is a solid waste generated by air pollution control systems during secondary aluminum processing (SAP). Management and disposal of BHD can be challenging in the U.S. and elsewhere. In this study, the mineral phases, metal content and metal leachability of 78 BHD samples collected from 13 different SAP facilities across the U.S. were investigated. The XRD semi-quantitative analysis of BHD samples suggests the presence of metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride and its oxides, spinel, elpasolite as well as diaspora. BHD also contains halite, sylvite and fluorite, which are used as fluxes in SAP activities. Total aluminum (Al) in the BHD samples averaged 18% by weight. Elevated concentrations of trace metals (>100 mu L-1 As; >1000 mu g L-1 Cu, Mn, Se, Pb, Mn and Zn) were also detected in the leachate. The U.S. toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed that some samples leached above the toxicity limit for Cd, Pb and Se. Exceeding the TCLP limits in all sample is independent of facilities generating the BHD. From the metal content perspective only, it appears that BHD has a higher potential to exhibit toxicity characteristics than salt cake (the largest waste stream generated by SAP facilities). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huang, Xiao-Lan; El Badawy, Amro M.; Arambewela, Mahendranath; Adkins, Renata] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epamail.epa.gov RI Huang (黄), Xiao-Lan (晓澜)/E-9159-2010 OI Huang (黄), Xiao-Lan (晓澜)/0000-0002-3330-4858 FU USEPA's Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory; Environmental Research and Education Foundation; Aluminum Association under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement FX This research was collaboratively supported by the USEPA's Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory, the Environmental Research and Education Foundation and the Aluminum Association under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement. This manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's internal review. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the USEPA. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD SEP PY 2015 VL 134 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.033 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK9GV UT WOS:000356549500004 PM 25898346 ER PT J AU Fulford, RS Smith, LM Harwell, M Dantin, D Russell, M Harvey, J AF Fulford, Richard S. Smith, Lisa M. Harwell, Mathew Dantin, Darrin Russell, Marc Harvey, Jim TI Human well-being differs by community type: Toward reference points in a human well-being indicator useful for decision support SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Well-being; Ecosystem services; Community type ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; US; INDEX; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; VALUATION; FRAMEWORK AB Human activity has growing impacts on the natural capital humans depend on for existence. While many of these impacts are regional, national, or international in scope, it is increasingly evident that decisions made at the local community level are also important. Yet, understanding the impacts of local decisions, as well as how to correct or mitigate these impacts, can be problematic, as communities differ in resources, priorities, dependencies on natural capital, and even opinions about whether these impacts actually affect quality of life. Every community has unique characteristics, however effective decision support at the community level requires common reference points in measures of human well-being upon which to base decision support. We have developed a community classification system that is intended to find such common ground in community characteristics and tie these common elements to measures of human well-being. This community classification system was developed in the USA with publically available data on resource dependence, socio-economic composition, and existence of natural capital. The resulting classification was applied to coastal communities at the county level and then used to predict human well-being based on an existing human well-being index. Coastal communities were separated into eight characteristics groups based on Bayesian cluster analysis. Classification groups were found to be associated with significant differences in human well-being. More importantly, significant differences in specific elements of well-being were associated with key community characteristics, such as population density and economic dependence on local natural resources. In particular, social cohesion and the leisure time were strong elements of well-being in low density communities with high natural resource dependence but this association weakened as population densities and economically diversity increased. These sorts of commonalities in community type that can be tied to differences in human well-being are important because they provide clear ties to environmental service flows, as well as a meaningful reference point from which to measure the local impacts of decisions as changes in community-specific human well-being. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fulford, Richard S.; Smith, Lisa M.; Harwell, Mathew; Dantin, Darrin; Russell, Marc; Harvey, Jim] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Fulford, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Rd, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM Fulford.Richard@epa.gov NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD SEP PY 2015 VL 56 BP 194 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.04.003 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CL1ZQ UT WOS:000356743800022 ER PT J AU Miao, ZW Gu, XG Lu, SG Dionysiou, DD Al-Abed, SR Zang, XK Wu, XL Qiu, ZF Sui, Q Danish, M AF Miao, Zhouwei Gu, Xiaogang Lu, Shuguang Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Al-Abed, Souhail R. Zang, Xueke Wu, Xiaoliang Qiu, Zhaofu Sui, Qian Danish, Muhammad TI Mechanism of PCE oxidation by percarbonate in a chelated Fe(II)-based catalyzed system SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Perchloroethylene (PCE); Sodium percarbonate (SPC); Chelated-Fe(II); Hydroxyl radical (HO center dot); Groundwater remediation ID MODIFIED FENTONS REAGENT; ZERO-VALENT IRON; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; CALCIUM PEROXIDE; SOIL REMEDIATION; ACTIVATED PERSULFATE; REDUCTIVE PATHWAYS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ORGANIC-MATTER AB The performance of chelated Fe(II)-based catalyzed sodium percarbonate (SPC) stimulating the degradation of perchloroethylene (PCE) in aqueous solution was investigated using six different chelating agents (CA), namely, citric acid monohydrate (CIT), oxalic acid (OA), L-ascorbic acid (ASC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), trisodium citrate 2-hydrate (CIT-Na-3), and EDTA-Na-2, at CA/Fe(II)/SPC/PCE molar ratios of 2/4/4/1,4/4/4/1 and 8/4/4/1. The results indicated that the addition of CIT and OA significantly enhanced the PCE degradation. In addition, investigations using free radical probe compounds and radical scavengers revealed that PCE was primarily degraded by Ha radical oxidation in Fe(II)/SPC, CIT/Fe(II)/SPC, and OA/Fe(II)/SPC systems and O-2(center dot-) also participated in the degradation of PCE in CIT/Fe(II)/SPC and OA/Fe(II)/SPC systems. The intensity of HO center dot detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in CIT/Fe(II)/SPC and OA/Fe(II)/SPC systems indicated that the addition of CIT or OA indeed enhanced the continuous production of HO center dot and enabled the intensity of HO center dot to be more stable. The results demonstrated that CIT and OA significantly improved the PCE degradation efficiency by increasing the concentration of Fe(II) and maintaining the concentration of HO center dot radicals in solution. In conclusion, chelated Fe(II)-based catalyzed SPC oxidation process shows enormous practical prospects for the remediation of PCE-contaminated groundwater because of the effectiveness without pre-adjusting the solution pH and complete mineralization in Fe(II)/SPC, CIT/Fe(II)/SPC and OA/Fe(II)/SPC systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Miao, Zhouwei; Gu, Xiaogang; Lu, Shuguang; Zang, Xueke; Wu, Xiaoliang; Qiu, Zhaofu; Sui, Qian; Danish, Muhammad] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Environm Protect Key Lab Environm Risk Asse, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lu, SG (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Environm Protect Key Lab Environm Risk Asse, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM lvshuguang@ecust.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41373094, 51208199]; US EPA FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41373094 and No. 51208199). Although US EPA contributed to this article, the research presented was not performed by or funded by US EPA. Consequently, the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect or represent US EPA's views or policies. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 EI 1873-3212 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2015 VL 275 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2015.04.014 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA CK3IB UT WOS:000356108700007 ER PT J AU Humphries, AT La Peyre, MK AF Humphries, Austin T. La Peyre, Megan K. TI Oyster reef restoration supports increased nekton biomass and potential commercial fishery value SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Ecological valuation; Biogenic habitat; Estuarine ecology; Gulf of Mexico; Essential fish habitat; Ecosystem engineer; Fisheries; Living shorelines; Facilitation ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; HABITAT STRUCTURE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ARTIFICIAL REEFS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SALT-MARSH; CONSERVATION; ENHANCEMENT; DEGRADATION; ASSEMBLAGES AB Across the globe, discussions centered on the value of nature drive many conservation and restoration decisions. As a result, justification for management activities increasingly asks for two lines of evidence: (1) biological proof of augmented ecosystem function or service, and (2) monetary valuation of these services. For oyster reefs, which have seen significant global declines and increasing restoration work, the need to provide both biological and monetary evidence of reef services on a local-level has become more critical in a time of declining resources. Here, we quantified species biomass and potential commercial value of nekton collected from restored oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reefs in coastal Louisiana over a 3-year period, providing multiple snapshots of biomass support over time. Overall, and with little change over time, fish and invertebrate biomass is 212% greater at restored oyster reefs than mud-bottom, or 0.12 kg m(-2). The additional biomass of commercial species is equivalent to an increase of local fisheries value by 226%, or $0.09 m(-2). Understanding the ecosystem value of restoration projects, and how they interact with regional management priorities, is critical to inform local decision-making and provide testable predictions. Quantitative estimates of potential commercial fisheries enhancement by oyster reef restoration such as this one can be used directly by local managers to determine the expected return on investment. C1 [Humphries, Austin T.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Humphries, Austin T.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [La Peyre, Megan K.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, Louisiana Fish & Wildlife Cooperat Res Unit,AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Humphries, AT (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM austin.humphries@gmail.com; mlapeyre@agcenter.lsu.edu FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries FX The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries provided financial support. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 45 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD AUG 25 PY 2015 VL 3 AR e1111 DI 10.7717/peerj.1111 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CQ8HN UT WOS:000360847900001 PM 26336635 ER PT J AU Roco, AS Olmstead, AW Degitz, SJ Amano, T Zimmerman, LB Bullejos, M AF Roco, Alvaro S. Olmstead, Allen W. Degitz, Sigmund J. Amano, Tosikazu Zimmerman, Lyle B. Bullejos, Monica TI Coexistence of Y, W, and Z sex chromosomes in Xenopus tropicalis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE sex chromosomes; sex determination; sex reversal; gynogenesis; Xenopus tropicalis ID FROG RANA-RUGOSA; OREOCHROMIS-AUREUS; DETERMINING MECHANISM; BUERGERIA-BUERGERI; LINKED GENES; LINKAGE MAPS; DM-W; EVOLUTION; REVERSAL; GENETICS AB Homomorphic sex chromosomes and rapid turnover of sex-determining genes can complicate establishing the sex chromosome system operating in a given species. This difficulty exists in Xenopus tropicalis, an anuran quickly becoming a relevant model for genetic, genomic, biochemical, and ecotoxicological research. Despite the recent interest attracted by this species, little is known about its sex chromosome system. Direct evidence that females are the heterogametic sex, as in the related species Xenopus laevis, has yet to be presented. Furthermore, X. laevis' sex-determining gene, DM-W, does not exist in X. tropicalis, and the sex chromosomes in the two species are not homologous. Here we identify X. tropicalis' sex chromosome system by integrating data from (i) breeding sex-reversed individuals, (ii) gynogenesis, (iii) triploids, and (iv) crosses among several strains. Our results indicate that at least three different types of sex chromosomes exist: Y, W, and Z, observed in YZ, YW, and ZZ males and in ZW and WW females. Because some combinations of parental sex chromosomes produce unisex offspring and other distorted sex ratios, understanding the sex-determination systems in X. tropicalis is critical for developing this flexible animal model for genetics and ecotoxicology. C1 [Roco, Alvaro S.; Bullejos, Monica] Univ Jaen, Fac Expt Sci, Dept Expt Biol, Jaen 23071, Spain. [Olmstead, Allen W.; Degitz, Sigmund J.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Amano, Tosikazu; Zimmerman, Lyle B.] Natl Inst Med Res, MRC, Div Dev Biol, London NW7 1AA, England. RP Bullejos, M (reprint author), Univ Jaen, Fac Expt Sci, Dept Expt Biol, Las Lagunillas Campus S-N, Jaen 23071, Spain. EM bullejos@ujaen.es RI Bullejos Martin, Monica/J-9965-2014 OI Bullejos Martin, Monica/0000-0003-3256-8840 FU Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [BFU-2006-01969/BFI, CGL2009-08894/BOS]; European Regional Development Fund; Junta de Andalucia through the program "Ayudas a grupos de investigacion" [BIO220]; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AP-2008-03208]; Medical Research Council [U117560482]; National Institutes of Health [R01DC011901-01] FX Artur Llobet, Jose Luis Gomez-Skarmeta, and Richard Harland kindly provided some of the X. tropicalis progenitors used in this research. M.B. was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia and Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad Projects BFU-2006-01969/BFI and CGL2009-08894/BOS, respectively, cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund and by the Junta de Andalucia through the program "Ayudas a grupos de investigacion" (group BIO220). A.S.R. was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through the program "Formacion del Profesorado Universitario" AP-2008-03208. L.B.Z. and T.A. were funded by Medical Research Council Grant U117560482, with additional support for L.B.Z. from National Institutes of Health Grant R01DC011901-01. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 30 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 25 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 34 BP E4752 EP E4761 DI 10.1073/pnas.1505291112 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CP6NZ UT WOS:000360005600017 PM 26216983 ER PT J AU Rafelski, LE Paplawsky, B Keeling, RF AF Rafelski, Lauren Elmegreen Paplawsky, Bill Keeling, Ralph F. TI Continuous measurements of dissolved O-2 and oxygen isotopes in the Southern California coastal ocean SO MARINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dissolved gases; Oxygen isotopes; Diurnal variations; Photosynthesis; Mass spectrometer ID INLET MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN; RESPIRATION RATES; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SPACED DATA; FRACTIONATION; SEA; PRODUCTIVITY; WATER AB Dissolved O-2/N-2, O-2/Ar, O-2 saturation and delta O-18 were measured continuously near the surface ocean at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography pier in La Jolla, California, for five weeks. The data showed diurnal cycles, in O-2 and delta O-18, with amplitudes of 19 mmol m(-3) and 1.1%., respectively. The diurnal cycles are well described by a box model that includes photosynthesis, respiration, air-sea gas exchange, and mixing. The timing of the cycles can be explained using a photosynthesis rate proportional to photosynthetically active radiation, and the shapes of the cycles can be explained by mixing with a subsurface layer of water that is supersaturated in O-2. Based on the diurnal cycles in O-2 and delta O-18, the average maximum daily photosynthesis rate was 3.7-4.7 mmol O-2 m(-3) h(-1), which is supported by the light-saturated photosynthesis rate estimated from the measured chlorophyll concentration. In the future, these continuous measurement techniques could be used at different locations and depths to improve the understanding of variability in oceanic primary production. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rafelski, Lauren Elmegreen; Paplawsky, Bill; Keeling, Ralph F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Rafelski, LE (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lauren.rafelski@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0421546] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-0421546. The authors would like to thank Todd Martz and Yui Takeshita for providing the optode and the Winkler titration data, and Lisa Welp and Chun-Ta Lai for providing measurements of delta18O of H2O at the SIO pier. SIO pier temperature chain profile data were provided by Eric Terrill, Coastal Observing R&D Center, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. We thank Adam Cox, Andrew Lucas, and Melissa Carter for helpful discussions. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4203 EI 1872-7581 J9 MAR CHEM JI Mar. Chem. PD AUG 20 PY 2015 VL 174 BP 94 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.05.011 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Oceanography GA CN7QH UT WOS:000358628600010 ER PT J AU Di Giulio, RT Clark, BW AF Di Giulio, Richard T. Clark, Bryan W. TI THE ELIZABETH RIVER STORY: A CASE STUDY IN EVOLUTIONARY TOXICOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CREOSOTE-CONTAMINATED SITE; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; SYNERGISTIC DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; INDUSTRIALIZED URBAN ESTUARY; DIFFERENT EXPOSURE HISTORIES; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS AB The Elizabeth River system is an estuary in southeastern Virginia, surrounded by the towns of Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Virginia Beach. The river has played important roles in U.S. history and has been the location of various military and industrial activities. These activities have been the source of chemical contamination in this aquatic system. Important industries, until the 1990s, included wood treatment plants that used creosote, an oil-derived product that is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). These plants left a legacy of PAH pollution in the river, and in particular Atlantic Wood Industries is a designated Superfund site now undergoing remediation. Numerous studies examined the distribution of PAH in the river and impacts on resident fauna. This review focuses on how a small estuarine fish with a limited home range, Fundulus heteroclitus (Atlantic killifish or mummichog), has responded to this pollution. While in certain areas of the river this species has clearly been impacted, as evidenced by elevated rates of liver cancer, some subpopulations, notably the one associated with the Atlantic Wood Industries site, displayed a remarkable ability to resist the marked effects PAH have on the embryonic development of fish. This review provides evidence of how pollutants have acted as evolutionary agents, causing changes in ecosystems potentially lasting longer than the pollutants themselves. Mechanisms underlying this evolved resistance, as well as mechanisms underlying the effects of PAH on embryonic development, are also described. The review concludes with a description of ongoing and promising efforts to restore this historic American river. C1 [Di Giulio, Richard T.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Clark, Bryan W.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Di Giulio, RT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM richd@duke.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P42ES010356]; Duke Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program [T32ES07031] FX Portions of the research described in this review were supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)-supported Duke University Superfund Research Center (P42ES010356) and Duke Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program (T32ES07031). NR 182 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 18 IS 6 BP 259 EP 298 DI 10.1080/15320383.2015.1074841 PG 40 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CX5CV UT WOS:000365720000001 PM 26505693 ER PT J AU Petersen, EJ Diamond, SA Kennedy, AJ Goss, GG Ho, K Lead, J Hanna, SK Hartmann, NB Hund-Rinke, K Mader, B Manier, N Pandard, P Salinas, ER Sayre, P AF Petersen, Elijah J. Diamond, Stephen A. Kennedy, Alan J. Goss, Greg G. Ho, Kay Lead, Jamie Hanna, Shannon K. Hartmann, Nanna B. Hund-Rinke, Kerstin Mader, Brian Manier, Nicolas Pandard, Pascal Salinas, Edward R. Sayre, Phil TI Adapting OECD Aquatic Toxicity Tests for Use with Manufactured Nanomaterials: Key Issues and Consensus Recommendations SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ECOTOXICITY TEST METHODS; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT CONDITIONS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; CAPPED SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS AB The unique or enhanced properties of manufactured nanomaterials (MNs) suggest that their use in nanoenabled products will continue to increase. This will result in increased potential for human and environmental exposure to MNs during manufacturing, use, and disposal of nanoenabled products. Scientifically based risk assessment for MNs necessitates the development of reproducible, standardized hazard testing methods such as those provided by the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Currently, there is no comprehensive guidance on how best to address testing issues specific to MN particulate, fibrous, or colloidal properties. This paper summarizes the findings from an expert workshop convened to develop a guidance document that addresses the difficulties encountered when testing MNs using OECD aquatic and sediment test guidelines. Critical components were identified by workshop participants that require specific guidance for MN testing: preparation of dispersions, dose metrics, the importance and challenges associated with maintaining and monitoring exposure levels, and the need for reliable methods to quantify MNs in complex media. To facilitate a scientific advance in the consistency of nanoecotoxicology test results, we identify and discuss critical considerations where expert consensus recommendations were and were not achieved and provide specific research recommendations to resolve issues for which consensus was not reached. This process will enable the development of prescriptive testing guidance for MNs. Critically, we highlight the need to quantify and properly interpret and express exposure during the bioassays used to determine hazard values. C1 [Petersen, Elijah J.; Hanna, Shannon K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Diamond, Stephen A.] NanoSafe Inc, Midwest Div, Duluth, MN 55802 USA. [Kennedy, Alan J.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Goss, Greg G.] Univ Alberta, Natl Res Council, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Goss, Greg G.] Univ Alberta, Natl Res Council, Natl Inst Nanotechnol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Ho, Kay] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lead, Jamie] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ctr Environm Nanosci & Risk, Columbia, SC 29036 USA. [Hartmann, Nanna B.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hund-Rinke, Kerstin] Fraunhofer Inst Mol Biol & Appl Ecol, D-57392 Schmallenberg, Germany. [Mader, Brian] 3M Co, Environm Lab, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Manier, Nicolas; Pandard, Pascal] Inst Natl Environm Ind & Risques INERIS, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. [Salinas, Edward R.] BASF SE, Expt Toxicol & Ecol, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Sayre, Phil] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Kennedy, AJ (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Alan.J.Kennedy@usace.army.mil; phil.sayre@verizon.net RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013; Hartmann, Nanna B./A-1678-2009 OI Hartmann, Nanna B./0000-0002-0442-245X FU Army Environmental Quality and Installations (EQI) Technology Research Program; SmartState Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk; Environment Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Institute of Nanotechnology; Danish Environmental Protection Agency FX We acknowledge the significant contribution of workshop attendees who did not contribute to the writing of this paper: Zachary Collier, Teresa Fernandez, Jeff Gallagher, Richard Handy, Dale Hoff, Amuel Kennedy, Laura Nazef, Jeffery Steevens, Norishisa Tatarazako, David Tobias, Doris Voelker, and Kathrin Schwirn. Frank von der Kammer is thanked for giving a presentation at the workshop. Permission to publish this material was granted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Chief of Engineers and by the U.S. EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics. A portion of this work was funded through the Army Environmental Quality and Installations (EQI) Technology Research Program (Dr. Elizabeth Ferguson, Technical Director) for the U.S. Army Engineer Research & Development Center (ERDC). J.L. acknowledges financial support from the SmartState Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk. G.G.G. acknowledges financial support from Environment Canada, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the National Institute of Nanotechnology. N.B.H. received funding from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. NR 166 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 12 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 16 BP 9532 EP 9547 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00997 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CP4ZS UT WOS:000359891700019 PM 26182079 ER PT J AU Li, YB Duanp, ZW Liu, GL Kalla, P Scheidt, D Cai, Y AF Li, Yanbin Duanp, Zhiwei Liu, Guangliang Kalla, Peter Scheidt, Daniel Cai, Yong TI Evaluation of the Possible Sources and Controlling Factors of Toxic Metals/Metalloids in the Florida Everglades and Their Potential Risk of Exposure SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; SOUTH FLORIDA; FRESH-WATER; LOW-LEVEL; LEAD-EXPOSURE; TRACE-METALS; SOILS; MERCURY; METHYLMERCURY AB The Florida Everglades is an environmentally sensitive wetland ecosystem with a number of threatened and endangered fauna species susceptible to the deterioration of water quality. Several potential toxic metal sources exist in the Everglades, including farming, atmospheric deposition, and human activities in urban areas, causing concerns of potential metal exposure risks. However, little is known about the pollution status of toxic metals/metalloids of potential concern, except for Hg. In this study, eight toxic metals/metalloids (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Hg) in Everglades soils were investigated in both dry and wet seasons. Pb, Cr, As, Cu, Cd, and Ni were identified to be above Florida SQGs (sediment quality guidelines) at a number of sampling sites, particularly Pb, which had a level of potential risk to organisms similar to that of Hg. In addition, a method was developed for quantitative source identification and controlling factor elucidation of toxic metals/metalloids by introducing an index, enrichment factor (EF), in the conventional multiple regression analysis. EFs represent the effects of anthropogenic sources on metals/metalloids in soils. Multiple regression analysis showed that Cr and Ni were mainly controlled by anthropogenic loading, whereas soil characteristics, in particular natural organic matter (NOM), played a more important role for Hg, As, Cd, and Zn. NOM may control the distribution of these toxic metals/metalloids by affecting their mobility in soils. For Cu and Pb, the effects of EFs and environmental factors are comparable, suggesting combined effects of loading and soil characteristics. This study is the first comprehensive research with a vast amount of sampling sites on the distribution and potential risks of toxic metals/metalloids in the Everglades. The finding suggests that in addition to Hg other metals/metalloids could also potentially be an environmental problem in this wetland ecosystem. C1 [Li, Yanbin] Qingdao Collaborat Innovat Ctr Marine Sci & Techn, Key Lab Marine Chem Theory & Technol, Minist Educ, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Li, Yanbin] Ocean Univ China, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China. [Duanp, Zhiwei; Liu, Guangliang; Cai, Yong] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Duanp, Zhiwei; Liu, Guangliang; Cai, Yong] Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Kalla, Peter; Scheidt, Daniel] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Sci & Ecosyst Support Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Li, YB (reprint author), Qingdao Collaborat Innovat Ctr Marine Sci & Techn, Key Lab Marine Chem Theory & Technol, Minist Educ, Qingdao, Peoples R China. EM liyanbin@ouc.edu.cn RI Cai, Yong/K-9868-2015 OI Cai, Yong/0000-0002-2811-4638 FU U.S. EPA Region 4; National Park Service [CA H5297-05-008]; Shandong Science and Technology Development Project [2014GHY115012]; Natural Science Foundation of China [21120102040] FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. EPA Region 4, the National Park Service, (CA H5297-05-008), by Shandong Science and Technology Development Project (2014GHY115012), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (21120102040). This is contribution number 738 of the Southeast Environmental Research Center at Florida International University. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 16 BP 9714 EP 9723 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01638 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CP4ZS UT WOS:000359891700039 PM 26197026 ER PT J AU Eckley, CS Blanchard, P McLennan, D Mintz, R Sekela, M AF Eckley, Chris S. Blanchard, Pierrette McLennan, Daniel Mintz, Rachel Sekela, Mark TI Soil-Air Mercury Flux near a Large Industrial Emission Source before and after Closure (Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY; BASE-METAL SMELTER; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; NATURAL SOURCES; NEVADA; EXCHANGE; RATES; LAKES; PRECIPITATION; EVAPORATION AB Prior to its closure, the base-metal smelter in Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada was one of the North America's largest mercury (Hg) emission sources. Our project objective was to understand the exchange of Hg between the soil and the air before and after the smelter closure. Field and laboratory Hg flux measurements were conducted to identify the controlling variables and used for spatial and temporal scaling. Study results showed that deposition from the smelter resulted in the surrounding soil being enriched in Hg (up to 99 mu g g(-1)) as well as other metals. During the period of smelter operation, air concentrations were elevated (30 +/- 19 ng m(-3)), and the soil was a net Hg sink (daily flux: -3.8 ng m(-2) h(-1)). Following the smelter closure, air Hg concentrations were reduced, and the soils had large emissions (daily flux: 108 ng m(-2) h(-1)). The annual scaling of soil Hg emissions following the smelter closure indicated that the landscape impacted by smelter deposition emitted or re-emitted almost 100 kg per year. Elevated soil Hg concentrations and emissions are predicted to continue for hundreds of years before background concentrations are re-established. Overall, the results indicate that legacy Hg deposition will continue to cycle in the environment long after point-source reductions. C1 [Eckley, Chris S.; Blanchard, Pierrette] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [McLennan, Daniel; Mintz, Rachel] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Edmonton, AB T6B 1K54, Canada. [Sekela, Mark] Environm Canada, Pacific & Yukon Reg Off, Vancouver, BC V6C 3S5, Canada. RP Eckley, CS (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 10,1200 6th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM eckley.chris@epa.gov NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 16 BP 9750 EP 9757 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01995 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CP4ZS UT WOS:000359891700043 PM 26189758 ER PT J AU Hendren, CO Powers, CM Hoover, MD Harper, SL AF Hendren, Christine Ogilvie Powers, Christina M. Hoover, Mark D. Harper, Stacey L. TI The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative: A collaborative approach to assessing, evaluating, and advancing the state of the field SO BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE curation; data integration; interoperability; nanoinformatics; nanomaterials ID ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NANO AB The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative (NDCI), a project of the National Cancer Informatics Program Nanotechnology Working Group (NCIP NanoWG), explores the critical aspect of data curation within the development of informatics approaches to understanding nanomaterial behavior. Data repositories and tools for integrating and interrogating complex nanomaterial datasets are gaining widespread interest, with multiple projects now appearing in the US and the EU. Even in these early stages of development, a single common aspect shared across all nanoinformatics resources is that data must be curated into them. Through exploration of sub-topics related to all activities necessary to enable, execute, and improve the curation process, the NDCI will provide a substantive analysis of nanomaterial data curation itself, as well as a platform for multiple other important discussions to advance the field of nanoinformatics. This article outlines the NDCI project and lays the foundation for a series of papers on nanomaterial data curation. The NDCI purpose is to: 1) present and evaluate the current state of nanomaterial data curation across the field on multiple specific data curation topics, 2) propose ways to leverage and advance progress for both individual efforts and the nanomaterial data community as a whole, and 3) provide opportunities for similar publication series on the details of the interactive needs and workflows of data customers, data creators, and data analysts. Initial responses from stakeholder liaisons throughout the nanoinformatics community reveal a shared view that it will be critical to focus on integration of datasets with specific orientation toward the purposes for which the individual resources were created, as well as the purpose for integrating multiple resources. Early acknowledgement and undertaking of complex topics such as uncertainty, reproducibility, and interoperability is proposed as an important path to addressing key challenges within the nanomaterial community, such as reducing collateral negative impacts and decreasing the time from development to market for this new class of technologies. C1 [Hendren, Christine Ogilvie] Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Powers, Christina M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hoover, Mark D.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Harper, Stacey L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Harper, Stacey L.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Chem Biol & Environm Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Hendren, CO (reprint author), Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM christine.hendren@duke.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under NSF [DBI-1266252, EF-0830093]; National Institute of Health [ES017552-01A2] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the NDCI Stakeholder Liaisons whose responses to our initial questions on nanomaterial data curation, and willingness to participate in this transparent process, enable the NDCI to capture a baseline of current nanomaterial data curation views and practices. We also benefited greatly from the thoughtful commentary, input, and organizational support of Dr. Juli Klemm and Mervi Heiskanen of the National Cancer Institute Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology as well as the contributions of Dr. Martin Fritts of SAIC Frederick. We are grateful for the funding from the NIH National Cancer Informatics Program, which supports the facilitation of the NCIP Nanotechnology Working Group, resulting in the collaborations that enable the NDCI and associated products. We also acknowledge the discussions and input from many of our NCIP Nanotechnology Working Group colleagues throughout the growing nanoinformatics community, who have helped shape the concept of this manuscript with their expertise. C.O.H. would like to acknowledge the Center for the Environmental Implications of Nano Technology (CEINT) funding from National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under NSF Cooperative Agreement DBI-1266252 and EF-0830093. S.L.H would like to acknowledge support provided by the National Institute of Health (grant # ES017552-01A2). The views, opinions, and content in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views, opinions, or policies of their respective employers or organizations. Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement. The authors declare no competing interests. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 21 PU BEILSTEIN-INSTITUT PI FRANKFURT AM MAIN PA TRAKEHNER STRASSE 7-9, FRANKFURT AM MAIN, 60487, GERMANY SN 2190-4286 J9 BEILSTEIN J NANOTECH JI Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 6 BP 1752 EP 1762 DI 10.3762/bjnano.6.179 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CP0TF UT WOS:000359587800001 PM 26425427 ER PT J AU Christensen, K Christensen, CH Wright, JM Galizia, A Glenn, BS Scott, CS Mall, JK Bateson, TF Murphy, PA Cooper, GS AF Christensen, Krista Christensen, Carol H. Wright, J. Michael Galizia, Audrey Glenn, Barbara S. Scott, Cheryl Siegel Mall, Jennifer K. Bateson, Thomas F. Murphy, Patricia A. Cooper, Glinda S. TI The Use of Epidemiology in Risk Assessment: Challenges and Opportunities SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE measurement error; risk assessment; misclassification.; epidemiology; exposure-response; confounding; bias ID BLOOD LEAD CONCENTRATIONS; LUNG-CANCER; DOSE-RESPONSE; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; NONDIFFERENTIAL MISCLASSIFICATION; UNNECESSARY ADJUSTMENT; OCCUPATIONAL COHORT; CAUSAL DIAGRAMS AB The assessment of risk from environmental and occupational exposures incorporates and synthesizes data from a variety of scientific disciplines including toxicology and epidemiology. Epidemiological data have offered valuable contributions to the identification of human health hazards, estimation of human exposures, quantification of the exposure-response relation, and characterization of risks to specific target populations including sensitive populations. As with any scientific discipline, there are some uncertainties inherent in these data; however, the best human health risk assessments utilize all available information, characterizing strengths and limitations as appropriate. Human health risk assessors evaluating environmental and occupational exposures have raised concerns about the validity of using epidemiological data for risk assessment due to actual or perceived study limitations. This article highlights three concerns commonly raised during the development of human health risk assessments of environmental and occupational exposures: (a) error in the measurement of exposure, (b) potential confounding, and (c) the interpretation of non-linear or non-monotonic exposure-response data. These issues are often the content of scientific disagreement and debate among the human health risk assessment community, and we explore how these concerns may be contextualized, addressed, and often ameliorated. C1 [Christensen, Krista; Christensen, Carol H.; Galizia, Audrey; Glenn, Barbara S.; Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Mall, Jennifer K.; Bateson, Thomas F.; Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Christensen, Carol H.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Murphy, Patricia A.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Edison, NJ USA. RP Christensen, CH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mailcode 7509P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Carol@epa.gov NR 97 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 120 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 EI 1549-7860 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD AUG 18 PY 2015 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1644 EP 1663 DI 10.1080/10807039.2014.967039 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB8TG UT WOS:000349903400012 ER PT J AU Mirowsky, JE Peltier, RE Lippmann, M Thurston, G Chen, LC Neas, L Diaz-Sanchez, D Laumbach, R Carter, JD Gordon, T AF Mirowsky, Jaime E. Peltier, Richard E. Lippmann, Morton Thurston, George Chen, Lung-Chi Neas, Lucas Diaz-Sanchez, David Laumbach, Robert Carter, Jacqueline D. Gordon, Terry TI Repeated measures of inflammation, blood pressure, and heart rate variability associated with traffic exposures in healthy adults SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Health effects; Traffic; Biomarkers ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; PULMONARY-DISEASE; VASCULAR FUNCTION; MARKERS; MATTER; POLLUTANTS; PARTICLES; ULTRAFINE AB Background: Previous human exposure studies of traffic-related air pollutants have demonstrated adverse health effects in human populations by comparing areas of high and low traffic, but few studies have utilized microenvironmental monitoring of pollutants at multiple traffic locations while looking at a vast array of health endpoints in the same population. We evaluated inflammatory markers, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, exhaled nitric oxide, and lung function in healthy participants after exposures to varying mixtures of traffic pollutants. Methods: A repeated-measures, crossover study design was used in which 23 healthy, non-smoking adults had clinical cardiopulmonary and systemic inflammatory measurements taken prior to, immediately after, and 24 hours after intermittent walking for two hours in the summer months along three diverse roadways having unique emission characteristics. Measurements of PM2.5, PM10, black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) were collected. Mixed effect models were used to assess changes in health effects associated with these specific pollutant classes. Results: Minimal associations were observed with lung function measurements and the pollutants measured. Small decreases in BP measurements and rMSSD, and increases in IL-1 beta and the low frequency to high frequency ratio measured in HRV, were observed with increasing concentrations of PM2.5 EC. Conclusions: Small, acute changes in cardiovascular and inflammation-related effects of microenvironmental exposures to traffic-related air pollution were observed in a group of healthy young adults. The associations were most profound with the diesel-source EC. C1 [Mirowsky, Jaime E.; Lippmann, Morton; Thurston, George; Chen, Lung-Chi; Gordon, Terry] NYU, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Peltier, Richard E.] Univ Massachusetts, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David; Carter, Jacqueline D.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Laumbach, Robert] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Environm & Occupat Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Gordon, T (reprint author), NYU, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM Terry.Gordon@nyumc.org OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU Graduate Research Institute of NYU; Mid-Atlantic States Section of the Air and Waste Management Association Air Pollution Educational and Research Grant Program; NYU's NIEHS Center of Excellence [ES000260]; NIEHS [ES007324] FX The authors would like to acknowledge support by the Graduate Research Institute of NYU, the Mid-Atlantic States Section of the Air and Waste Management Association Air Pollution Educational and Research Grant Program, NYU's NIEHS Center of Excellence (ES000260) and NIEHS T32 grant (ES007324). Technical support was provided by Martin Blaustein, Jordan Frey, and Lauren Griffith. Additional logistical support was provided by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ). The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 29 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD AUG 15 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 66 DI 10.1186/s12940-015-0049-0 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CP1DR UT WOS:000359617000001 PM 26276052 ER PT J AU Knapen, D Vergauwen, L Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT AF Knapen, Dries Vergauwen, Lucia Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. TI The potential of AOP networks for reproductive and developmental toxicity assay development SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adverse outcome pathway; AOP network; Assay development; Reproduction; Embryonic and larval development ID ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; FRAMEWORK; ECOTOXICOLOGY; STRATEGY AB Historically, the prediction of reproductive and developmental toxicity has largely relied on the use of animals. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework forms a basis for the development of new non-animal test methods. It also provides biological context for mechanistic information from existing assays. However, a single AOP may not capture all events that contribute to any relevant toxic effect, even in single chemical exposure scenarios. AOP networks, defined as sets of AOPs sharing at least one common element, are capable of more realistically representing potential chemical effects. They provide information on interactions between AOPs and have the potential to reveal previously unknown links between biological pathways. Analysis of these AOP networks can aid the prioritization of assay development, whether the goal is to develop a single assay with predictive utility of multiple outcomes, or development of assays that are highly specific for a particular mode of action. This paper provides a brief overview of the AOPs related to reproductive and developmental toxicity currently available in the AOP Wiki (http://aopwiki.org), and gives an example of an AOP network based on five reproductive and developmental toxicity-related AOPs for fish to illustrate how AOP networks can be used for assay development and refinement. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Knapen, Dries; Vergauwen, Lucia] Univ Antwerp, Dept Vet Sci, Zebrafishlab, Vet Physiol & Biochem, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Knapen, D (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Vet Sci, Zebrafishlab, Vet Physiol & Biochem, Univ Pl 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. EM dries.knapen@uantwerpen.be OI Vergauwen, Lucia/0000-0002-6534-7473; Knapen, Dries/0000-0003-0472-8114 FU Cefic Long-range Research Initiative [LRI-ECO20-UA]; ECETOC FX This work was partly funded by the Cefic Long-range Research Initiative (Development of an alternative testing strategy for the fish early life-stage test for predicting chronic toxicity; LRI-ECO20-UA) with support of ECETOC. The views expressed are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of the organizations the authors are affiliated with or the sponsors. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 9 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD AUG 15 PY 2015 VL 56 SI SI BP 52 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.04.003 PG 4 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA CO5EW UT WOS:000359183400005 PM 25889759 ER PT J AU Nogeire, TM Lawler, JJ Schumaker, NH Cypher, BL Phillips, SE AF Nogeire, Theresa M. Lawler, Joshua J. Schumaker, Nathan H. Cypher, Brian L. Phillips, Scott E. TI Land Use as a Driver of Patterns of Rodenticide Exposure in Modeled Kit Fox Populations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NONTARGET SMALL MAMMALS; ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES; COUNTRYSIDE BIOGEOGRAPHY; WILDLIFE; CONSERVATION; BRODIFACOUM; CALIFORNIA; BIRDS; BIODIVERSITY; CARNIVORES AB Although rodenticides are increasingly regulated, they nonetheless cause poisonings in many non-target wildlife species. Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide use is common in agricultural and residential landscapes. Here, we use an individual-based population model to assess potential population-wide effects of rodenticide exposures on the endangered San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica). We estimate likelihood of rodenticide exposure across the species range for each land cover type based on a database of reported pesticide use and literature. Using a spatially-explicit population model, we find that 36% of modeled kit foxes are likely exposed, resulting in a 7-18% decline in the range-wide modeled kit fox population that can be linked to rodenticide use. Exposures of kit foxes in low-density developed areas accounted for 70% of the population-wide exposures to rodenticides. We conclude that exposures of non-target kit foxes could be greatly mitigated by reducing the use of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides in low-density developed areas near vulnerable populations. C1 [Nogeire, Theresa M.; Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [Cypher, Brian L.; Phillips, Scott E.] Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Turlock, CA 95382 USA. RP Nogeire, TM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM tnogeire@gmail.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Pesticide Registration Improvement Act Partnership Grants [IPM-834896] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency Pesticide Registration Improvement Act Partnership Grants (http://www.epa.gov/pesp/pria2/), grant #IPM-834896, funded salary for TN for this research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 8 AR e0133351 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0133351 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CO3MH UT WOS:000359061400041 PM 26244655 ER PT J AU Henry, H Naujokas, MF Attanayake, C Basta, NT Cheng, ZQ Hettiarachchi, GM Maddaloni, M Schadt, C Scheckel, KG AF Henry, Heather Naujokas, Marisa F. Attanayake, Chammi Basta, Nicholas T. Cheng, Zhongqi Hettiarachchi, Ganga M. Maddaloni, Mark Schadt, Christopher Scheckel, Kirk G. TI Bioavailability-Based In Situ Remediation To Meet Future Lead (Pb) Standards in Urban Soils and Gardens SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FIRING RANGE SOILS; SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; ZERO-VALENT IRON; BLOOD LEAD; RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; MANGANESE OXIDE; CHEMICAL IMMOBILIZATION; ORAL BIOACCESSIBILITY; PHOSPHORUS AMENDMENTS; METAL IMMOBILIZATION AB Recently the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lowered the blood Pb reference value to 5 mu g/dL. The lower reference value combined with increased repurposing of postindustrial lands are heightening concerns and driving interest in reducing soil Pb exposures. As a result, regulatory decision makers may lower residential soil screening levels (SSLs), used in setting Pb cleanup levels, to levels that may be difficult to achieve, especially in urban areas. This paper discusses challenges in remediation and bioavailability assessments of Pb in urban soils in the context of lower SSLs and identifies research needs to better address those challenges. Although in situ remediation with phosphate amendments is a viable option, the scope of the problem and conditions in urban settings may necessitate that SSLs be based on bioavailable rather than total Pb concentrations. However, variability in soil composition can influence bioavailability testing and soil amendment effectiveness. More urgently needed to better understand this variability and increase confidence in using these approaches in risk-based making, particularly in urban areas. data are decision C1 [Naujokas, Marisa F.] MDB Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Basta, Nicholas T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cheng, Zhongqi] CUNY Brooklyn Coll, Brooklyn, NY 11210 USA. [Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Maddaloni, Mark] US EPA Reg 2, New York, NY 10007 USA. [Schadt, Christopher] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Attanayake, Chammi] Univ Peradeniya, Dept Soil Sci, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka. [Henry, Heather] NIEHS, Hazardous Subst Res Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Naujokas, MF (reprint author), MDB Inc, 2525 Meridian Pkwy,Suite 50, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM mnaujokas@michaeldbaker.com RI Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; OI Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); U.S. Department of Defense/Department of Energy/EPA Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station [14-296-J]; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center of The Ohio State University FX This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); and the joint U.S. Department of Defense/Department of Energy/EPA Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). This work was also supported in part through Contribution Number 14-296-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station. Partial salary support for N. Basta was provided by the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center of The Ohio State University. Although researchers from the EPA contributed to this article, the research presented was not subject to EPA's quality system requirements. Consequently, the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect or represent views or policies of EPA, NIH, NIEHS, or the United States Government, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 146 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 27 U2 108 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 15 BP 8948 EP 8958 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01693 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO6PK UT WOS:000359278400004 PM 26140328 ER PT J AU Powell, JT Jain, P Smith, J Townsend, TG Tolaymat, TM AF Powell, Jon T. Jain, Pradeep Smith, Justin Townsend, Timothy G. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Does Disposing of Construction and Demolition Debris in Unlined Landfills Impact Groundwater Quality? Evidence from 91 Landfill Sites in Florida SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CCA-TREATED WOOD; SIMULATED CONSTRUCTION; HEAVY-METALS; WASTE; LEACHATE; ARSENATE; IRON; GENERATION; FINES AB More than 1,500 construction and demolition debris (CDD) landfills operate in the United States (U.S.), and U.S. federal regulations do not require containment features such as low-permeability liners and leachate collection systems for these facilities. Here we evaluate groundwater quality from samples collected in groundwater monitoring networks at 91 unlined, permitted CDD landfills in Florida, U.S. A total of 460,504 groundwater sample results were analyzed, with a median of 10 years of quarterly or semiannual monitoring data per site including more than 400 different chemical constituents. Downgradient concentrations of total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, iron, ammonia-nitrogen, and aluminum were greater than upgradient concentrations (p < 0.05). At downgradient wells where sulfate concentrations were greater than 150 mg/L (approximately 10% sulfate concentration in water, which suggests the presence of leachate from the landfill), iron and arsenic were detected in 91% and 43% of samples, with median concentrations of 1,900 mu g/L and 11 mu g/L, respectively. These results show that although health-based standards can be exceeded at unlined CDD landfills, the magnitude of detected chemical concentrations is generally small and reflective of leached minerals from components (wood, concrete, and gypsum drywall) that comprise the bulk of discarded CDD by mass. C1 [Powell, Jon T.; Jain, Pradeep; Smith, Justin] Innovat Waste Consulting Serv LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. [Townsend, Timothy G.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land & Nanotechnol Res, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Powell, JT (reprint author), Yale Univ, 380 Edwards St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM jon.powell@yale.edu FU U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development. The manuscript has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. The authors acknowledge the contributions of All Bigger and Lizmarie Maldonado in reviewing aspects of the data and the report and Matthew Shupler and Luis Ruiz for data processing. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 15 BP 9029 EP 9036 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5601368 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO6PK UT WOS:000359278400013 PM 26130423 ER PT J AU Mazur, MEE Eckley, CS Mitchell, CPJ AF Mazur, Maxwell E. E. Eckley, Chris S. Mitchell, Carl P. J. TI Susceptibility of Soil Bound Mercury to Gaseous Emission As a Function of Source Depth: An Enriched Isotope Tracer Investigation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOREST SOILS; FLUX; EXCHANGE; HG; PRECIPITATION; EVAPORATION; REEMISSION; ATMOSPHERE; KINETICS; MOISTURE AB Soil mercury (Hg) emissions are an important component of the global Hg cycle. Sunlight induced photoreduction of oxidized Hg to gaseous elemental Hg is an important mechanism controlling emissions from the soil surface, however we currently understand little about how subsurface Hg stores participate in gaseous Hg cycling. Our study objective was to investigate the ability of Hg at deeper soil depths to participate in emissions. Soil fluxes were measured under controlled laboratory conditions utilizing an enriched stable Hg isotope tracer buried at 0, 1, 2, and 5 cm below the surface. Under dry and low-light conditions, the Hg isotope tracer buried at the different depths participated similarly in surface emissions (median flux: 7.5 ng m(-2) h(-1)). When the soils were wetted, Hg isotope tracer emissions increased significantly (up to 285 ng m(-2) h(-1)), with the highest fluxes (76% of emissions) originating from the surface 1 cm amended soils and decreasing with depth. Mercury associated with sandy soil up to 6 cm below the surface can be emitted, clearly demonstrating that volatilization can occur via processes unrelated to sunlight. These results have important implications for considering how long older, legacy soil Hg contamination continues to cycle between soil and atmosphere. C1 [Mazur, Maxwell E. E.; Mitchell, Carl P. J.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. [Eckley, Chris S.] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Mitchell, CPJ (reprint author), Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, 1265 Mil Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. EM carl.mitchell@utoronto.ca RI Mitchell, Carl/A-7212-2008 OI Mitchell, Carl/0000-0001-8538-5138 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council FX Haiyong (Planck) Huang gratefully provided assistance with laboratory analysis. Funding for this research was provided by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant to CPJM. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 15 BP 9143 EP 9149 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01747 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO6PK UT WOS:000359278400026 PM 26151306 ER PT J AU Sarwar, G Gantt, B Schwede, D Foley, K Mathur, R Saiz-Lopez, A AF Sarwar, Golam Gantt, Brett Schwede, Donna Foley, Kristen Mathur, Rohit Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso TI Impact of Enhanced Ozone Deposition and Halogen Chemistry on Tropospheric Ozone over the Northern Hemisphere SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; TROPICAL ATLANTIC-OCEAN; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; IODINE OXIDE; SEA-SURFACE; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION; BROMINE CHEMISTRY; INORGANIC IODINE; DEAD-SEA; EMISSIONS AB Fate of ozone in marine environments has been receiving increased attention due to the tightening of ambient air quality standards. The role of deposition and halogen chemistry is examined through incorporation of an enhanced ozone deposition algorithm and inclusion of halogen chemistry in a comprehensive atmospheric modeling system. The enhanced ozone deposition treatment accounts for the interaction of iodide in seawater with ozone and increases deposition velocities by 1 order of magnitude. Halogen chemistry includes detailed chemical reactions of organic and inorganic bromine and iodine species. Two different simulations are completed with the halogen chemistry: without and with photochemical reactions of higher iodine oxides. Enhanced deposition reduces mean summer-time surface ozone by similar to 3% over marine regions in the Northern Hemisphere. Halogen chemistry without the photochemical reactions of higher iodine oxides reduces surface ozone by similar to 15% whereas simulations with the photochemical reactions of higher iodine oxides indicate ozone reductions of similar to 48%. The model without these processes overpredicts ozone compared to observations whereas the inclusion of these processes improves predictions. The inclusion of photochemical reactions for higher iodine oxides leads to ozone predictions that are lower than observations, underscoring the need for further refinement of the halogen emissions and chemistry scheme in the model. C1 [Sarwar, Golam; Gantt, Brett; Schwede, Donna; Foley, Kristen; Mathur, Rohit] Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso] CSIC, Inst Phys Chem Rocasolano, Atmospher Chem & Climate Grp, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov RI Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso/B-3759-2015 OI Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso/0000-0002-0060-1581 NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 15 BP 9203 EP 9211 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01657 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO6PK UT WOS:000359278400033 PM 26151227 ER PT J AU Nath, RG Sonawane, BR Vulimiri, SV Lin, YS AF Nath, Raghu G. Sonawane, B. R. Vulimiri, S. V. Lin, Y. S. TI Mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 106th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research (AACR) CY APR 18-22, 2015 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Nath, Raghu G.; Sonawane, B. R.; Vulimiri, S. V.; Lin, Y. S.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2015 VL 75 SU 15 MA 2738 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2738 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DF8AH UT WOS:000371578505324 ER PT J AU Ross, JA Nelson, GB Mutlu, E Warren, SH Peggy, MP Gilmour, MI DeMarini, DM AF Ross, Jeffrey A. Nelson, Garret B. Mutlu, Esrta Warren, Sarah H. Peggy, Matthews P. Gilmour, M. Ian DeMarini, David M. TI DNA adducts induced by in vitro activation of diesel and biodiesel exhaust extracts SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 106th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research (AACR) CY APR 18-22, 2015 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Ross, Jeffrey A.; Nelson, Garret B.; Warren, Sarah H.; Peggy, Matthews P.; Gilmour, M. Ian; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mutlu, Esrta] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2015 VL 75 SU 15 MA 826 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-826 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DF8AH UT WOS:000371578501279 ER PT J AU Jhun, I Coull, BA Schwartz, J Hubbell, B Koutrakis, P AF Jhun, Iny Coull, Brent A. Schwartz, Joel Hubbell, Bryan Koutrakis, Petros TI The impact of weather changes on air quality and health in the United States in 1994-2012 SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE air pollution; weather; trend analysis; ozone; fine particulate matter; mortality ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; URBAN AREAS; OZONE TRENDS; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; MORTALITY; PM2.5 AB Air quality is heavily influenced by weather conditions. In this study, we assessed the impact of long-term weather changes on air quality and health in the US during 1994-2012. We quantified past weather-related increases, or 'weather penalty', in ozone (O-3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and thereafter estimated the associated excess deaths. Using statistical regression methods, we derived the weather penalty as the additional increases in air pollution relative to trends assuming constant weather conditions (i.e., weather-adjusted trends). During our study period, temperature increased and wind speed decreased in most US regions. Nationally, weather-related 8 h max O-3 increases were 0.18 ppb per year (95% CI: 0.06, 0.31) in the warm season (May-October) and 0.07 ppb per year (95% CI: 0.02, 0.13) in the cold season (November-April). The weather penalties on O-3 were relatively larger than PM2.5 weather penalties, which were 0.056 mu gm(-3) per year (95% CI: 0.016, 0.096) in warm months and 0.027 mu gm(-3) per year (95% CI: 0.010, 0.043) in cold months. Weather penalties on O-3 and PM2.5 were associated with 290 (95% CI: 80, 510) and 770 (95% CI: 190, 1350) excess annual deaths, respectively. Over a 19-year period, this amounts to 20 300 excess deaths (5600 from O-3, 14 700 from PM2.5) attributable to the weather penalty on air quality. C1 [Jhun, Iny; Schwartz, Joel; Koutrakis, Petros] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Coull, Brent A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hubbell, Bryan] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jhun, I (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM iny@mail.harvard.edu OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 FU Harvard School of Public Health; US EPA grant [RD-834798-01] FX The Harvard School of Public Health Scholarship and the US EPA grant RD-834798-01 made this work possible. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US EPA. Further, the US EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. We thank Choong-Min Kang for his assistance with creating the air pollution and weather dataset, and Marianthi Kioumourtzoglou for her help with the bootstrap method development. We also thank Neal Fann and Charles Fulcher for their technical support for BenMAP. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 10 IS 8 AR 084009 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/10/8/084009 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CZ3JD UT WOS:000366999400010 ER PT J AU Alam, S Sterling, RL Allouche, E Condit, W Matthews, J Selvakumar, A Simicevic, J AF Alam, Shaurav Sterling, Raymond L. Allouche, Erez Condit, Wendy Matthews, John Selvakumar, Ari Simicevic, Jadranka TI A retrospective evaluation of the performance of liner systems used to rehabilitate municipal gravity sewers SO TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sewer; Rehabilitation; Lining; Condition assessment; Testing; Life cycle evaluation AB This paper provides new results gathered as part of a 6-year project funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to document the in-service performance of trenchless pipe rehabilitation techniques. The results from a pilot study focusing on cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) rehabilitation technologies were previously reported and the research program was extended to allow collection of additional CIPP samples and also to extend the study to other rehabilitation technologies (specifically included in this Phase 2 research were fold-and-form, deform reform, and sliplining technologies). The establishment of a database to house performance evaluation data for rehabilitation technologies used in the water and wastewater sectors is also described. The additional retrospective data for CIPP and other rehabilitation technologies are reported and an overall assessment of CIPP life cycle performance is provided. The examination of CIPP liners with up to 34 years in service and other rehabilitation technologies with up to 19 years of service has shown that all of the rehabilitation technologies are showing little evidence of deterioration in service. The test results for 18 CIPP samples from nine cities across North America indicate that properly designed and installed CIPP liners should meet and likely exceed the typical 50-year expected design life. For the fold-and-form, deform reform, and sliplining technologies, there are only two to three samples per rehabilitation technology and hence less can be said about overall performance. Nevertheless, all of the samples tested still met the material property requirements at installations after 14-19 years of service. In summary, the results provide an excellent prognosis for the rehabilitation technologies evaluated. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alam, Shaurav; Simicevic, Jadranka] Louisiana Tech Univ, Trenchless Technol Ctr, Civil Engn, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Sterling, Raymond L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Allouche, Erez] Stantec Inc, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Condit, Wendy] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Matthews, John] Pure Technol, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Selvakumar, Ari] US EPA, Edison, NJ USA. RP Sterling, RL (reprint author), 210 W Grant St Apt 413, Minneapolis, MN 55403 USA. EM sterling@Latech.edu OI Sterling, Raymond/0000-0003-0587-9459 FU "Field Demonstration and Retrospective Evaluation of Rehabilitation Technologies for Wastewater Collection and Water Distribution Systems of the Scientific, Technical, Research, Engineering, and Modeling Support II" (STREAMS II) [EP-C-11-038] FX This research was conducted for the EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) under Task Order (TO) No. 01 titled "Field Demonstration and Retrospective Evaluation of Rehabilitation Technologies for Wastewater Collection and Water Distribution Systems of the Scientific, Technical, Research, Engineering, and Modeling Support II" (STREAMS II) Contract No. EP-C-11-038. The authors would like to acknowledge several key contributors to this research in addition to the authors listed on the title page. The project would not have been possible without the cooperation of the representatives of the various cities and agencies that assisted in identifying appropriate sample locations and retrieving samples for the study. A list of these contributors is provided in the project report. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0886-7798 J9 TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH JI Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 50 BP 451 EP 464 DI 10.1016/j.tust.2015.08.011 PG 14 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA CX0DD UT WOS:000365366200040 ER PT J AU Pickard, BR Daniel, J Mehaffey, M Jackson, LE Neale, A AF Pickard, Brian R. Daniel, Jessica Mehaffey, Megan Jackson, Laura E. Neale, Anne TI EnviroAtlas: A new geospatial tool to foster ecosystem services science and resource management SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Geospatial; Mapping; Web-services ID HEALTH; TREES; URBAN AB In this article we present EnviroAtlas, a web-based, open access tool that seeks to meet a range of needs by bringing together environmental, economic and demographic data in an ecosystem services framework. Within EnviroAtlas, there are three primary types of geospatial data: research-derived ecosystem services indicator data in their native resolution, indicator data that have been summarized to standard reporting units, and reference data. Reporting units include watershed basins across the contiguous U.S. and Census block groups throughout featured urban areas. EnviroAtlas includes both current and future drivers of change, such as land use and climate, for addressing issues of adaptation, conservation, equity, and resiliency. In addition to geospatial data, EnviroAtlas includes geospatial and statistical tools, and resources that support research, education, and decision-making. With the development of EnviroAtlas, we facilitate the practice of ecosystem services science by providing a framework to track conditions across political boundaries and assess policies and regulations. EnviroAtlas is a robust research and educational resource, with consistent, systems-oriented information to support nationally, regionally, and locally focused decisions. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (littp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Pickard, Brian R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Daniel, Jessica; Jackson, Laura E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Mehaffey, Megan; Neale, Anne] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Mehaffey, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM mehaffey.megan@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX EnviroAtlas is a collaborative project developed by US EPA, in cooperation with the US Geological Survey, the US Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service and Forest Service, and Landscope America. We would like to acknowledge the many federal employees, contractors, research fellows, and non-governmental organizations that have contributed to this work. The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated on the research described here. It has been subject to Agency review and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 14 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.04.005 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU6TQ UT WOS:000363666900006 ER PT J AU Algarin, JV Hawkins, TR Marriott, J Matthews, HS Khanna, V AF Algarin, Jorge Vendries Hawkins, Troy R. Marriott, Joe Matthews, H. Scott Khanna, Vikas TI Disaggregating the Power Generation Sector for Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disaggregation; electricity; industrial ecology; input-output analysis (IOA); input-output life cycle assessment (IO-LCA); power generation ID AGGREGATION; INVENTORIES; EMISSIONS AB The electric power industry plays a critical role in the economy and the environment, and it is important to examine the economic, environmental, and policy implications of current and future power generation scenarios. However, the tools that exist to perform the life cycle assessments are either too complex or too aggregated to be useful for these types of activities. In this work, we build upon the framework of existing input-output (I-O) models by adding data about the electric power industry and disaggregating this single sector into additional sectors, each representing a specific portion of electric power industry operations. For each of these disaggregated sectors, we create a process-specific supply chain and a set of emission factors that allow calculation of the environmental effects of that sector's output. This new model allows a much better fit for scenarios requiring more specificity than is possible with the current I-O model. C1 [Algarin, Jorge Vendries; Marriott, Joe; Khanna, Vikas] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Marriott, Joe] Booz Allen & Hamilton Inc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Hawkins, Troy R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Khanna, V (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 218G Benedum Hall,3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM khannav@pitt.edu NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1088-1980 EI 1530-9290 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 19 IS 4 BP 666 EP 675 DI 10.1111/jiec.12207 PG 10 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CT1WU UT WOS:000362594200013 ER PT J AU Falkinham, JO Hilborn, ED Arduino, MJ Pruden, A Edwards, MA AF Falkinham, Joseph O., III Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Arduino, Matthew J. Pruden, Amy Edwards, Marc A. TI Epidemiology and Ecology of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; NOSOCOMIAL LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; MUNICIPAL DRINKING-WATER; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; COMPLEX PULMONARY-DISEASE; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; HOSPITAL WATER; TAP WATER AB BACKGROUND: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) that persist and grow in household plumbing, habitats they share with humans. Infections caused by these OPPPs involve individuals with preexisting risk factors and frequently require hospitalization. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this report are to alert professionals of the impact of OPPPs, the fact that 30% of the population may be exposed to OPPPs, and the need to develop means to reduce OPPP exposure. We herein present a review of the epidemiology and ecology of these three bacterial OPPPs, specifically to identify common and unique features. METHODS: A Water Research Foundation-sponsored workshop gathered experts from across the United States to review the characteristics of OPPPs, identify problems, and develop a list of research priorities to address critical knowledge gaps with respect to increasing OPPP-associated disease. DISCUSSION: OPPPs share the common characteristics of disinfectant resistance and growth in biofilms in water distribution systems or premise plumbing. Thus, they share a number of habitats with humans (e.g., showers) that can lead to exposure and infection. The frequency of OPPP-infected individuals is rising and will likely continue to rise as the number of at-risk individuals is increasing. Improved reporting of OPPP disease and increased understanding of the genetic, physiologic, and structural characteristics governing the persistence and growth of OPPPs in drinking water distribution systems and premise plumbing is needed. CONCLUSIONS: Because broadly effective community-level engineering interventions for the control of OPPPs have yet to be identified, and because the number of at-risk individuals will continue to rise, it is likely that OPPP-related infections will continue to increase. However, it is possible that individuals can take measures (e.g., raise hot water heater temperatures and filter water) to reduce home exposures. C1 [Falkinham, Joseph O., III] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pruden, Amy; Edwards, Marc A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Falkinham, JO (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jofiii@vt.edu RI Edwards, Marc/J-3557-2012 FU Water Research Foundation [4379] FX A multidisciplinary workshop expert panel authored this review based on the proceedings of the workshop "Research Needs for Opportunistic Pathogens in Premise Plumbing." The workshop was organized and co-chaired by A.P, M.A.E., and J.O.F. III and sponsored by a grant from the Water Research Foundation (Project 4379). NR 169 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 17 U2 68 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 123 IS 8 BP 749 EP 758 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408692 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CQ6CX UT WOS:000360693100015 PM 25793551 ER PT J AU Carlin, DJ Larson, TC Pfau, JC Gavett, SH Shukla, A Miller, A Hines, R AF Carlin, Danielle J. Larson, Theodore C. Pfau, Jean C. Gavett, Stephen H. Shukla, Arti Miller, Aubrey Hines, Ronald TI Current Research and Opportunities to Address Environmental Asbestos Exposures SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID LIBBY AMPHIBOLE EXPOSURE; ANTINUCLEAR AUTOANTIBODIES; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; FIBROBLAST PHENOTYPE; RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; FISCHER-344 RATS; IRON OVERLOAD; C57BL/6 MICE AB Asbestos-related diseases continue to result in approximately 120,000 deaths every year in the United States and worldwide. Although extensive research has been conducted on health effects of occupational exposures to asbestos, many issues related to environmental asbestos exposures remain unresolved. For example, environmental asbestos exposures associated with a former mine in Libby, Montana, have resulted in high rates of nonoccupational asbestos-related disease. Additionally, other areas with naturally occurring asbestos deposits near communities in the United States and overseas are undergoing investigations to assess exposures and potential health risks. Some of the latest public health, epidemiological, and basic research findings were presented at a workshop on asbestos at the 2014 annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology in Phoenix, Arizona. The following focus areas were discussed: a) mechanisms resulting in fibrosis and/or tumor development; b) relative toxicity of different forms of asbestos and other hazardous elongated mineral particles (EMPs); c) proper dose metrics (e.g., mass, fiber number, or surface area of fibers) when interpreting asbestos toxicity; d) asbestos exposure to susceptible populations; and e) using toxicological findings for risk assessment and remediation efforts. The workshop also featured asbestos research supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Better protection of individuals from asbestos-related health effects will require stimulation of new multidisciplinary research to further our understanding of what constitutes hazardous exposures and risk factors associated with toxicity of asbestos and other hazardous EMPs (e.g., nanomaterials). C1 [Carlin, Danielle J.] NIEHS, Div Extramural Res & Training, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Larson, Theodore C.] ATSDR, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pfau, Jean C.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Gavett, Stephen H.; Hines, Ronald] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shukla, Arti] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Burlington, VT USA. [Miller, Aubrey] NIEHS, Off Director, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Carlin, DJ (reprint author), NIEHS, Div Extramural Res & Training, NIH, 530 Davis Dr,Rm 3102, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. EM danielle.carlin@nih.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES021110]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P20 GM103408] NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 24 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 123 IS 8 BP A194 EP A197 DI 10.1289/ehp.1409662 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CQ6CX UT WOS:000360693100001 PM 26230287 ER PT J AU Eernisse, DJ Crim, RN Pilgrim, EM AF Eernisse, Douglas J. Crim, Ryan N. Pilgrim, Erik M. TI MOST PUGET SOUND OLYMPIA OYSTERS (OSTREA LURIDA) BELONG TO A NORTHERN MITOCHONDRIAL HAPLOTYPE GROUP SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eernisse, Douglas J.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Biol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. [Crim, Ryan N.] Puget Sound Restorat Fund, Bainbridge Isl, WA 98110 USA. [Pilgrim, Erik M.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 EI 1943-6319 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 34 IS 2 BP 627 EP 628 PG 2 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CQ2DV UT WOS:000360410500117 ER PT J AU Kaushal, SS McDowell, WH Wollheim, WM Newcomer Johnson, TA Mayer, PM Belt, KT Pennino, MJ AF Kaushal, Sujay S. McDowell, William H. Wollheim, Wilfred M. Newcomer Johnson, Tamara A. Mayer, Paul M. Belt, Kenneth T. Pennino, Michael J. TI Urban Evolution: The Role of Water SO WATER LA English DT Review ID STREAM RESTORATION; UNITED-STATES; LONG-TERM; PRESSURE CONTROL; RIVER SYSTEMS; LAND-USE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; FUTURE-DIRECTIONS; ECOLOGICAL THEORY AB The structure, function, and services of urban ecosystems evolve over time scales from seconds to centuries as Earth's population grows, infrastructure ages, and sociopolitical values alter them. In order to systematically study changes over time, the concept of "urban evolution" was proposed. It allows urban planning, management, and restoration to move beyond reactive management to predictive management based on past observations of consistent patterns. Here, we define and review a glossary of core concepts for studying urban evolution, which includes the mechanisms of urban selective pressure and urban adaptation. Urban selective pressure is an environmental or societal driver contributing to urban adaptation. Urban adaptation is the sequential process by which an urban structure, function, or services becomes more fitted to its changing environment or human choices. The role of water is vital to driving urban evolution as demonstrated by historical changes in drainage, sewage flows, hydrologic pulses, and long-term chemistry. In the current paper, we show how hydrologic traits evolve across successive generations of urban ecosystems via shifts in selective pressures and adaptations over time. We explore multiple empirical examples including evolving: (1) urban drainage from stream burial to stormwater management; (2) sewage flows and water quality in response to wastewater treatment; (3) amplification of hydrologic pulses due to the interaction between urbanization and climate variability; and (4) salinization and alkalinization of fresh water due to human inputs and accelerated weathering. Finally, we propose a new conceptual model for the evolution of urban waters from the Industrial Revolution to the present day based on empirical trends and historical information. Ultimately, we propose that water itself is a critical driver of urban evolution that forces urban adaptation, which transforms the structure, function, and services of urban landscapes, waterways, and civilizations over time. C1 [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 21201 USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara A.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 21201 USA. [McDowell, William H.; Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Pennino, Michael J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Kaushal, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 21201 USA. EM skaushal@umd.edu; bill.mcdowell@unh.edu; wil.wollheim@unh.edu; tammy.a.newcomer@gmail.com; Mayer.Paul@epa.gov; kbelt@fs.fed.us; michael.pennino@gmail.com RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/D-1045-2013; OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/0000-0002-2496-7641; Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU National Science Foundation-Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Research site [NSF DEB-0423476, DEB-1027188]; National Science Foundation-Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research site [DEB-0963447]; National Science Foundation Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory [EAR-1331841]; National Science Foundation-Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research site [OCE-1238212]; National Science Foundation-EPSCoR [EPS-1101245]; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station; National Science Foundation [DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502, EAR 1521224]; National Science Foundation Coastal SEES [1426844]; Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship; NatureNet Postdoctoral Fellowship; Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528085-U, NA05OAR4171042, R/WS-2] FX Bob Shedlock provided helpful review and suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript. Bill Stack provided long-term data on Baltimore drinking water and helpful discussions regarding salinization and alkalinization. Sudhir Murthy kindly provided data from Blue Plains Wastewater Treatment Plant. Richard Carey and Gopal Mulukutla graciously provided their key insights and discussion regarding transitional urban ecosystems. Shahan Haq provided helpful suggestions and logistical support. Heather Dewar, Cheryl Dybas, Laura Dattaro, Courtney Humphries, Saran Twombly, Timothy Wheeler, and Stuart Grandy provided helpful insights and/or suggestions for better clarifying and communicating concepts related to urban evolution. Support was provided by the National Science Foundation-Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Research site (NSF DEB-0423476 and DEB-1027188), National Science Foundation-Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research site (DEB-0963447), National Science Foundation Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory (EAR-1331841), National Science Foundation-Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research site (OCE-1238212), National Science Foundation-EPSCoR (EPS-1101245), New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, National Science Foundation DBI 0640300, National Science Foundation CBET 1058502, National Science Foundation Coastal SEES 1426844, National Science Foundation EAR 1521224, Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship, NatureNet Postdoctoral Fellowship, Maryland Sea Grant Award SA7528085-U, Maryland Sea Grant Award NA05OAR4171042, and Maryland Sea Grant Award R/WS-2. NR 142 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 18 U2 103 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD AUG PY 2015 VL 7 IS 8 BP 4063 EP 4087 DI 10.3390/w7084063 PG 25 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CQ5FJ UT WOS:000360628400004 ER PT J AU Becker, RA Ankley, GT Edwards, SW Kennedy, SW Linkov, I Meek, B Sachana, M Segner, H Van der Burg, B Villeneuve, DL Watanabe, H Barton-Maclaren, TS AF Becker, Richard A. Ankley, Gerald T. Edwards, Stephen W. Kennedy, Sean W. Linkov, Igor Meek, Bette Sachana, Magdalini Segner, Helmut Van der Burg, Bart Villeneuve, Daniel L. Watanabe, Haruna Barton-Maclaren, Tara S. TI Increasing Scientific Confidence in Adverse Outcome Pathways: Application of Tailored Bradford-Hill Considerations for Evaluating Weight of Evidence SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adverse outcome pathway; Weight of evidence; Mode of action; Bradford-Hill considerations ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; INDUCED DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS-RESPONSE; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; REACTIVE OXYGEN; DRINKING-WATER; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; MOUSE DUODENUM AB Systematic consideration of scientific support is a critical element in developing and, ultimately, using adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for various regulatory applications. Though weight of evidence (WoE) analysis has been proposed as a basis for assessment of the maturity and level of confidence in an AOP, methodologies and tools are still being formalized. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Users' Handbook Supplement to the Guidance Document for Developing and Assessing AOPs (OECD 2014a; hereafter referred to as the OECD AOP Handbook) provides tailored Bradford-Hill (BH) considerations for systematic assessment of confidence in a given AOP. These considerations include (1) biological plausibility and (2) empirical support (dose-response, temporality, and incidence) for Key Event Relationships (KERs), and (3) essentiality of key events (KEs). Here, we test the application of these tailored BH considerations and the guidance outlined in the OECD AOP Handbook using a number of case examples to increase experience in more transparently documenting rationales for assigned levels of confidence to KEs and KERs, and to promote consistency in evaluation within and across AOPs. The major lessons learned from experience are documented, and taken together with the case examples, should contribute to better common understanding of the nature and form of documentation required to increase confidence in the application of AOPs for specific uses. Based on the tailored BH considerations and defining questions, a prototype quantitative model for assessing the WoE of an AOP using tools of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is described. The applicability of the approach is also demonstrated using the case example aromatase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction in fish. Following the acquisition of additional experience in the development and assessment of AOPs, further refinement of parameterization of the model through expert elicitation is recommended. Overall, the application of quantitative WoE approaches hold promise to enhance the rigor, transparency and reproducibility for AOP WoE determinations and may play an important role in delineating areas where research would have the greatest impact on improving the overall confidence in the AOP. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Becker, Richard A.] Amer Chem Council, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Ankley, Gerald T.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kennedy, Sean W.] Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. [Linkov, Igor] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Concord, MA USA. [Meek, Bette] Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Sachana, Magdalini] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Segner, Helmut] Univ Bern, Ctr Fish & Wildlife Hlth, Bern, Switzerland. [Van der Burg, Bart] BioDetect Syst BV, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Watanabe, Haruna] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Environm Risk Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Barton-Maclaren, Tara S.] Hlth Canada, Existing Subst Risk Assessment Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. RP Becker, RA (reprint author), Amer Chem Council, 700 2nd St NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM ricic_becker@americanchemistry.com FU Research Council of Norway [221455] FX The content of this paper is the result of an international expert workshop on Advancing Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) for Integrated Toxicology and Regulatory Applications held March 2-7, 2014 in Somma Lombardo, Italy. Support for the workshop was provided by the American Chemistry Council, BioDetection Systems, European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Environment Canada, European Commission Directorate General Joint Research Center, Human Toxicology Project Consortium, International Life Sciences Institute - Health and Environmental Science Institute, The Research Council of Norway (Grant no. 221455), Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, and the US Environmental Protection Agency. The authors acknowledge the workshop organizing committee (Rick Becker, Natalia Garcia-Reyero, Ksenia Groh, Marlies Halder, Sean Kennedy, Teresa Lettieri, Edward Perkins, Knut Erik Tollefsen, Bart van der Burg, Dan Villeneuve, and Maurice Whelan), and all workshop participants for both plenary and informal discussions that influenced the content presented here. The views expressed are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of the organizations the authors are affiliated with or the sponsors. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 82 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 72 IS 3 BP 514 EP 537 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.04.004 PG 24 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CP9ZZ UT WOS:000360255700010 PM 25863193 ER PT J AU Currier, JM Cheng, WY Conolly, R Brian, C AF Currier, J. M. Cheng, W-Y Conolly, R. Brian, Chorley TI Characterizing Early Molecular Biomarkers of Zinc-Induced Adaptive and Adverse Oxidative Stress Responses in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Currier, J. M.; Cheng, W-Y] ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Currier, J. M.; Cheng, W-Y; Conolly, R.; Brian, Chorley] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA P100 BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400207 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM AF DeMarini, D. M. TI Genotoxicity and Epigenetics of Outdoor Air Pollution in Humans. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [DeMarini, D. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA S41 BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400041 ER PT J AU Gibbons, CF AF Gibbons, C. F. TI Update on the Use of Genetic Toxicology Data for Risk Assessment at US EPA. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gibbons, C. F.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA S50 BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400050 ER PT J AU Olden, K Lin, YS Sonawane, BR AF Olden, K. Lin, Y-S Sonawane, B. R. TI Epigenome: Biosensor of Combined or Cumulative Exposure to Multiple Chemical and Nonchemical Stressors. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Olden, K.; Lin, Y-S; Sonawane, B. R.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA S66 BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400065 ER PT J AU Rogers, J AF Rogers, J. TI Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rogers, J.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA S65 BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400064 ER PT J AU Sonawane, BR Vulimiri, SV Adams, LS Nath, RG Fritz, JM AF Sonawane, B. R. Vulimiri, S. V. Adams, L. S. Nath, R. G. Fritz, J. M. TI MicroRNA Expression in Lymphohematopoietic Malignancies and Following Formaldehyde Exposure SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sonawane, B. R.; Vulimiri, S. V.; Adams, L. S.; Nath, R. G.; Fritz, J. M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA P50 BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400157 ER PT J AU Zavala, J Ledbetter, A White, PA DeMarini, DM Gilmour, MI Higuchi, M AF Zavala, J. Ledbetter, A. White, P. A. DeMarini, D. M. Gilmour, M., I Higuchi, M. TI Critical Evaluation of Air-Liquid Interface Exposure Devices for In Vitro Assessment of Atmospheric Pollutants. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zavala, J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Zavala, J.; Ledbetter, A.; DeMarini, D. M.; Gilmour, M., I; Higuchi, M.] US EPA, NHEERL, Durham, NC USA. [White, P. A.] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 56 SU 1 MA S42 BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CP9PJ UT WOS:000360226400042 ER PT J AU Garland, C Jagoe, K Wasirwa, E Nguyen, R Roth, C Patel, A Shah, N Derby, E Mitchell, J Pennise, D Johnson, MA AF Garland, Charity Jagoe, Kirstie Wasirwa, Emmy Nguyen, Raphael Roth, Christa Patel, Ashwin Shah, Nisha Derby, Elisa Mitchell, John Pennise, David Johnson, Michael A. TI Impacts of household energy programs on fuel consumption in Benin, Uganda, and India SO ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Kitchen Performance Test; Cookstoves; Fuel savings; Stove performance testing; Biofuel ID COOKSTOVES AB This paper presents results of three United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) sponsored field studies which assessed the fuel consumption impacts of household energy programs in Benin, Uganda, and Gujarat, India. These studies expand on a previous round of U.S. EPA supported efforts to build field testing capacity and collect stove performance data in Peru, Nepal, and Maharashtra, India Daily fuel consumption estimates of traditional and intervention technologies were made using the Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) protocol to determine the potential fuel savings associated with the respective programs. The programs in Benin and Gujarat, India resulted in significant fuel savings of approximately 29% and 61%, respectively. In Uganda, the homes using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumed approximately 31% less charcoal than those not using LPG, although the total energy consumption per household was similar between the baseline and LPG user groups. (C) 2014 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Garland, Charity; Jagoe, Kirstie; Pennise, David; Johnson, Michael A.] Berkeley Air Monitoring Grp, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Wasirwa, Emmy] Wana Energy Solut, Kampala, Uganda. [Patel, Ashwin] Alpha Renewable Energy Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, India. [Derby, Elisa] Winrock Int Livestock Res & Training Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. [Mitchell, John] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA. RP Johnson, MA (reprint author), 2124 Kittredge St 57, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM mjohnson@berkeleyair.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [EP-11-H-000964] FX This project was funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (contract number: EP-11-H-000964). We would like to thank the KPT field managers, Prisca Gbossa, Karimou Bagadou, Veena Sharma, Chhaya Bhavsar, Richard Wasirwa, and all of the field surveyors for their hard work to collect the data for this project. We also wish to thank everyone at U.S. EPA; Winrock International; SEWA; GIZ; Center for Research in Energy and Energy Conservation; Center for Integrated Research and Community Development, Uganda; and Wana Energy who assisted with organizing and planning the training programs and field studies. We thank Christian L'Orange at Colorado State University, who facilitated the fuel testing. We are especially grateful to the participating women and families who graciously opened their homes for this study. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0973-0826 J9 ENERGY SUSTAIN DEV JI Energy Sustain Dev. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 27 BP 168 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.esd.2014.05.005 PG 6 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA CO6QA UT WOS:000359280000018 ER PT J AU Vaslet, A Phillips, DL France, CAM Feller, IC Baldwin, CC AF Vaslet, A. Phillips, D. L. France, C. A. M. Feller, I. C. Baldwin, C. C. TI Trophic behaviour of juvenile reef fishes inhabiting interlinked mangrove-seagrass habitats in offshore mangrove islets SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fish foraging habitats; gut contents; marine ecosystems; SIAR; SIBER; stable isotopes ID ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; INCORPORATING CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE; STABLE-ISOTOPE; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; FEEDING HABITATS; BEDS; COMMUNITIES; ESTUARINE; DIETARY; CARBON AB Stable isotope (C-13 and N-15) and gut content analyses were used to investigate size-related feeding habits of four reef fishes (the beaugregory Stegastes leucostictus, the french grunt Haemulon flavolineatum, the schoolmaster snapper Lutjanus apodus and the yellowtail snapper Ocyurus chrysurus) inhabiting an offshore (non-estuarine) mangrove islet off Belize, Central America. Comparisons of isotopic niche space and Schoener diet similarity index suggested a low to moderate degree of niche overlap between fish size groups. The C-13 gradient between mangrove and seagrass prey as well as results of Bayesian mixing models revealed that sampled fishes relied mostly on seagrass prey items. Only small and large juveniles of the carnivorous species L. apodus derived a part of their diet from mangroves by targeting mangrove-associated Grapsidae crabs and fish prey, respectively. Isotopic niche shifts were particularly obvious for carnivorous fishes that ingested larger prey items (Xanthidae crabs and fishes) during their ontogeny. The utilization of mangrove food resources is less than expected and depends on the ecology and life history of the fish species considered. This research highlights that mangrove-derived carbon contributed relatively little to the diets of four fish taxa from an offshore mangrove islet. C1 [Vaslet, A.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Phillips, D. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [France, C. A. M.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Feller, I. C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Baldwin, C. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Vaslet, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM amandine.vaslet@gmail.com OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU Marine Science Network Grant from the Smithsonian Institution FX The authors thank V. Paul, Z. Foltz, W. Lee and all the staff of Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce FL (SMSFP) for their assistance and access to laboratory facilities. We thank C. McIvor of the U.S. Geological Survey, St Petersburg, FL, and anonymous referees for their constructive review of the manuscript. This research was funded by a Marine Science Network Grant from the Smithsonian Institution through a Postdoctoral fellowship to A.V. D.L.P.'s time was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This document has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. This is contribution number #997 from the SMSFP and contribution number #975 from the Smithsonian's Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 87 IS 2 BP 256 EP 273 DI 10.1111/jfb.12715 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CO8LS UT WOS:000359421400004 PM 26084450 ER PT J AU Wood, CE Hukkanen, RR Sura, R Jacobson-Kram, D Nolte, T Odin, M Cohen, SM AF Wood, Charles E. Hukkanen, Renee R. Sura, Radhakrishna Jacobson-Kram, David Nolte, Thomas Odin, Marielle Cohen, Samuel M. TI Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee (SRPC) Review*: Interpretation and Use of Cell Proliferation Data in Cancer Risk Assessment SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell proliferation; carcinogenesis; mode of action; Ki-67; BrdU; PCNA ID PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE; HUMAN RELEVANCE ANALYSIS; ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR CAR; FORMALIN-FIXED TISSUE; MOUSE LUNG-TUMORS; NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; BREAST-CANCER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DNA-REPLICATION; F344 RATS AB Increased cell proliferation is a central key event in the mode of action for many non-genotoxic carcinogens, and quantitative cell proliferation data play an important role in the cancer risk assessment of many pharmaceutical and environmental compounds. Currently, there is limited unified information on assay standards, reference values, targeted applications, study design issues, and quality control considerations for proliferation data. Here, we review issues in measuring cell proliferation indices, considerations for targeted studies, and applications within current risk assessment frameworks. As the regulatory environment moves toward more prospective evaluations based on quantitative pathway-based models, standardization of proliferation assays will become an increasingly important part of cancer risk assessment. To help address this development, we also discuss the potential role for proliferation data as a component of alternative carcinogenicity testing models. This information should improve consistency of cell proliferation methods and increase efficiency of targeted testing strategies. C1 [Wood, Charles E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hukkanen, Renee R.; Sura, Radhakrishna] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Jacobson-Kram, David] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Nolte, Thomas] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, KG Dev, Biberach An Der Riss, Germany. [Odin, Marielle] Roche Diagnost GmbH, PLBT, Penzberg, Germany. [Cohen, Samuel M.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. RP Wood, CE (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Code B105-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wood.charles@epa.gov NR 128 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 43 IS 6 BP 760 EP 775 DI 10.1177/0192623315576005 PG 16 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA CO3WI UT WOS:000359091500002 PM 25903269 ER PT J AU Hornung, MW Kosian, PA Haselman, JT Korte, JJ Challis, K Macherla, C Nevalainen, E Degitz, SJ AF Hornung, Michael W. Kosian, Patricia A. Haselman, Jonathan T. Korte, Joseph J. Challis, Katie Macherla, Chitralekha Nevalainen, Erica Degitz, Sigmund J. TI In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Determination of Thyroid Hormone Modulating Activity of Benzothiazoles SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE thyroid; endocrine disruption; in vitro-in vivo extrapolation; Xenopus; UHPLC-MS/MS ID THYROPEROXIDASE INHIBITION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; PEROXIDASE; CHEMICALS; MECHANISM; RAT AB As in vitro assays are increasingly used to screen chemicals for their potential to produce endocrine disrupting adverse effects, it is important to understand their predictive capacity. The potential for a set of 6 benzothiazoles to affect endpoints related to thyroid hormone synthesis inhibition were assessed using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays. Inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) derived from pig thyroid glands was determined for benzothiazole (BTZ), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole (CMBT), 2-aminobenzothiazole (ABT), 2-hydroxybenzothiazole (HBT), and 2-methylthiobenzothiazole (MTBT). Their rank order potency for TPO inhibition was MBT=CMBT>ABT>BTZ, whereas HBT and MTBT exhibited no inhibitory activity. The benzothiazoles were tested further in a Xenopus laevis thyroid gland explant culture assay in which inhibition of thyroxine (T4) release was the measured endpoint. In this assay all 6 benzothiazoles inhibited T4 release. The activity of the benzothiazoles for disrupting thyroid hormone activity was verified in vivo using X. laevis tadpoles in a 7-day assay. The 2 most potent chemicals for TPO inhibition, MBT and CMBT, produced responses in vivo indicative of T4 synthesis inhibition including induction of sodium iodide symporter mRNA and decreases in glandular and circulating thyroid hormones. The capability to measure thyroid hormone levels in the glands and blood by ultrahigh performance LC-MS/MS methods optimized for small tissue samples was critical for effects interpretation. These results indicate that inhibition of TPO activity in vitro was a good indicator of a chemical's potential for thyroid hormone disruption in vivo and may be useful for prioritizing chemicals for further investigation. C1 [Hornung, Michael W.; Kosian, Patricia A.; Haselman, Jonathan T.; Korte, Joseph J.; Challis, Katie; Macherla, Chitralekha; Nevalainen, Erica; Degitz, Sigmund J.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Hornung, MW (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM hornung.michael@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was funded entirely by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 146 IS 2 BP 254 EP 264 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfv090 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CP1IU UT WOS:000359630300006 PM 25953703 ER PT J AU Vedantham, R Hagler, GSW Holm, K Kimbrough, S Snow, R AF Vedantham, Ram Hagler, Gayle S. W. Holm, Kathleen Kimbrough, Sue Snow, Richard TI Adaptive Decomposition of Highly Resolved Time Series into Local and Non-Local Components SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Time series; Ultrafine particles; Signal decomposition ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-QUALITY; APPORTIONMENT; REMOVAL; ROADWAY; IMPACT; NOISE AB Highly time-resolved air monitoring data are widely being collected over long time horizons in order to characterize ambient and near-source air quality trends. In many applications, it is desirable to split the time-resolved data into two or more components (e.g., local and regional) for apportionment and mitigation purposes. While there may be increased information content in highly time-resolved data, the temporal resolution may also increase entropic effects on the data, thereby dramatically clouding the very information sought in time-resolved data. Specialized methods such as filtering may be required to extract the underlying information content. Constrained and Adaptive Decomposition of Time Series (CADETS) is a new method that can help carve out components of time series based on the content of the frequencies present in the time series. CADETS is also a flexible approach that allows the user to choose the bifurcation point with minimal negative impacts. Using this algorithm, we demonstrate that a time series signal may be decomposed into two useful and interpretable signals that can help identify aspects that may otherwise be hidden or distorted. Using the output from the CADETS algorithm, we show that ultrafine particles (30-100 nm) collected near a major highway may be split into a 64:36 ratio of highly varying (local) and slowly varying (regional) components, meanwhile identical measurements at a background location were estimated to split into a 56:44 local versus regional ratio. C1 [Vedantham, Ram; Holm, Kathleen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Kimbrough, Sue; Snow, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hagler, GSW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagler.gayle@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 EI 2071-1409 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 15 IS 4 BP 1270 EP + DI 10.4209/aaqr.2015.02.0103 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO2PQ UT WOS:000358999400012 ER PT J AU Foster-Wittig, TA Thoma, ED Albertson, JD AF Foster-Wittig, Tierney A. Thoma, Eben D. Albertson, John D. TI Estimation of point source fugitive emission rates from a single sensor time series: A conditionally-sampled Gaussian plume reconstruction SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Gaussian dispersion; Oil; Natural gas; Methane; Fugitive emissions; OTM 33A ID METHANE EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; GAS; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; OIL AB Emerging mobile fugitive emissions detection and measurement approaches require robust inverse source algorithms to be effective. Two Gaussian plume inverse approaches are described for estimating emission rates from ground-level point sources observed from remote vantage points. The techniques were tested using data from 41 controlled methane release experiments (14 studies) and further investigated using 7 field studies executed downwind of oil and gas well pads in Wyoming. Analyzed measurements were acquired from stationary observation locations 18-106 m downwind of the emission sources. From the fluctuating wind direction, the lateral plume geometry is reconstructed using a derived relationship between the wind direction and crosswind plume position. The crosswind plume spread is determined with both modeled and reconstructed Gaussian plume approaches and estimates of source emission rates are found through inversion. The source emission rates were compared to a simple point source Gaussian emission estimation approach that is part of Draft EPA Method OTM 33A. Compared to the known release rates, the modeled, reconstructed, and point source Gaussian controlled release results yield average percent errors of 5%, -2%, and 6% with standard deviations of 29%, 25%, and 37%, respectively. Compared to each other, the three methods agree within 30% for 78% of all 48 observations (41 CR and 7 Wyoming). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Foster-Wittig, Tierney A.; Albertson, John D.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Thoma, Eben D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Foster-Wittig, TA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM tf29@duke.edu; thoma.eben@epa.gov; john.albertson@duke.edu FU NSF IGERT [DGE-1068871]; U.S. EPA ORDs Air, Climate, and Energy (ACE) program FX This work was supported by the NSF IGERT through Grant # DGE-1068871 and U.S. EPA ORDs Air, Climate, and Energy (ACE) program. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 101 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.042 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600012 ER PT J AU Galmarini, S Hogrefe, C Brunner, D Makar, P Baklanov, A AF Galmarini, S. Hogrefe, C. Brunner, D. Makar, P. Baklanov, A. TI Special Issue Section Evaluating Coupled Models (AQMEII P2) Preface SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ENSEMBLE C1 [Galmarini, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Rome, Italy. [Hogrefe, C.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brunner, D.] EMPA, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Makar, P.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Modelling & Integrat Sect, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Air Qual Res Div,Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Baklanov, A.] WMO, Atmospher Res & Environm Branch, Res Dept, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Galmarini, S (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Rome, Italy. EM stefano.galmarini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; hogrefe.chiistian@epa.gov; dominik.brunner@empa.ch; paul.makar@ec.gc.ca; abaklanov@wmo.int RI Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009 OI Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 340 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.009 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600037 ER PT J AU Pouliot, G van der Gon, HACD Kuenen, J Zhang, JH Moran, MD Makar, PA AF Pouliot, George van der Gon, Hugo A. C. Denier Kuenen, Jeroen Zhang, Junhua Moran, Michael D. Makar, Paul A. TI Analysis of the emission inventories and model-ready emission datasets of Europe and North America for phase 2 of the AQMEII project SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Regional air quality models; Emission inventories; Emission preparation for modeling; Biogenic emissions ID AIR-QUALITY; VARIABILITY AB This paper highlights the development of the emission inventories and emission processing for Europe (EU) and North America (NA) in the second phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) project. The main purpose of the second phase of the AQMEII project is to understand the importance of coupled meteorological-chemical models in our understanding of the feedback of chemistry on the meteorology. A second purpose of the second phase of the AQMEII project is to explore the differences between EU and NA in a dynamic evaluation of two modeling years (2006 and 2010). The first phase of AQMEII also considered the modeling year 2006. Comparing the two AQMEII phases, for the EU domain, there were substantial decreases in CO (-19%), NH3 (-11%), and SO2 (-12%) emissions between the phase 2 and phase 1 emissions used for 2006. For the NA domain, there were decreases in CO (-10%), non-methane hydrocarbons (-5%), PM2.5 (-8%), PM10 (-18%), SO2 (-12%), with an increase of 4% in NOx. For the 2010 modeling year, 2009 emissions were used as a proxy for 2010 emissions in the EU domain. Between 2006 and 2009, considerable emission reductions were achieved for 17 EU countries, Norway and Switzerland as well as EU-Non-Member States, for all emitted species aside from NH3, which remained almost stable. Non-EU countries showed little change in emissions levels, though this may be a result of poor data quality. Shipping emissions decreased for PM and SO2 due to Sulfur Emission Control Areas on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, while increasing for other species. Overall for the EU domain between 2006 and 2009, estimated NOx emissions decreased by 10%, SO2 by 18%, CO by 12%, PM2.5 by 5%, PM10 by 6%, NMVOC by 11%, and NH3 by 1%. Between the 2006 and 2010 modeling years, estimated US NOx emissions decreased by 17%, SO2 by 29%, CO by 21%, PM2.5 by 12%, PM10 by 7%, NMHC by 4% and NH3 by 2% while Canadian and Mexican emissions were assumed to remain constant. These changes in US emissions, however, only reflect changes in sectors for which we had year-specific information. In terms of natural emissions, climatic differences between 2006 and 2010 caused the European emissions of isoprene to peak earlier in the year 2006 than in 2010, and overall achieved higher levels in 2010. Biogenic emissions in North America increased in the east and decreased in the west between 2006 and 2010, due to regional temperature differences between the years from natural variation in solar radiation reaching the ground. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pouliot, George] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [van der Gon, Hugo A. C. Denier; Kuenen, Jeroen] TNO, Dept Climate Air & Sustainabil, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Zhang, Junhua; Moran, Michael D.; Makar, Paul A.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Pouliot, G (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, MD-E243-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pouliot.george@epa.gov FU AQMEII project; MACC European Union [218793] FX This work was conducted under the auspices of the AQMEII project (http://aqmeii.jrc.ec.europa.eu/aqmeii2.htm) under the leadership of C. Hogrefe (USEPA) and Stefano Galmarini (Joint Research Center, European Union). Contributions to the North American emission inventory were made by the Computer Sciences Corporation in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The authors also wish to thank K. Foley in helping to create plots using the R software package. Research leading to the European emission inventory was partly funded by the MACC European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 218793. A. Visschedijk, J. Kuenen and R. van Gijlswijk (TNO) are thanked for their part in preparing the European emission inventory. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of various groups to the second Air Quality Model Evaluation international Initiative (AQMEII) activity: U.S. EPA, Environment Canada, Mexican Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-SEMARNAT) and National Institute of Ecology (Instituto Nacional de Ecologia-INE) (North American national emissions inventories); U.S. EPA (North American emissions processing); TNO (European emissions processing); The Finish Meteorological Institute for providing biomass burning emission data for Europe. Although this manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect the policy or views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, TNO, or Environment Canada. Richard Kranenburg (TNO) is thanked for providing the biogenic VOC emission data for Europe. NR 50 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 7 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 345 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.10.061 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600038 ER PT J AU Giordano, L Brunner, D Flemming, J Hogrefe, C Im, U Bianconi, R Badia, A Balzarini, A Baro, R Chemel, C Curci, G Forkel, R Jimenez-Guerrero, P Hirtl, M Hodzic, A Honzak, L Jorba, O Knote, C Kuenen, JJP Makar, PA Manders-Groot, A Neal, L Perez, JL Pirovano, G Pouliot, G San Jose, R Savage, N Schroder, W Sokhi, RS Syrakov, D Torian, A Tuccella, P Werhahn, J Wolke, R Yahya, K Zabkar, R Zhang, Y Galmarini, S AF Giordano, L. Brunner, D. Flemming, J. Hogrefe, C. Im, U. Bianconi, R. Badia, A. Balzarini, A. Baro, R. Chemel, C. Curci, G. Forkel, R. Jimenez-Guerrero, P. Hirtl, M. Hodzic, A. Honzak, L. Jorba, O. Knote, C. Kuenen, J. J. P. Makar, P. A. Manders-Groot, A. Neal, L. Perez, J. L. Pirovano, G. Pouliot, G. San Jose, R. Savage, N. Schroeder, W. Sokhi, R. S. Syrakov, D. Torian, A. Tuccella, P. Werhahn, J. Wolke, R. Yahya, K. Zabkar, R. Zhang, Y. Galmarini, S. TI Assessment of the MACC reanalysis and its influence as chemical boundary conditions for regional air quality modeling in AQMEII-2 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Online-coupled meteorology-chemistry modeling; Model evaluation; AQMEII-2 ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; CHEMISTRY; SIMULATIONS; SYSTEM; ASSIMILATION; EMISSIONS; AIRCRAFT; PROGRAM; SURFACE; EUROPE AB The Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) has now reached its second phase which is dedicated to the evaluation of online coupled chemistry-meteorology models. Sixteen modeling groups from Europe and five from North America have run regional air quality models to simulate the year 2010 over one European and one North American domain. The MACC re-analysis has been used as chemical initial (IC) and boundary conditions (BC) by all participating regional models in AQMEII-2. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the MACC re-analysis along with the participating regional models against a set of ground-based measurements (O-3, CO, NO, NO2, SO2, SO42-) and vertical profiles (O-3 and CO). Results indicate different degrees of agreement between the measurements and the MACC re-analysis, with an overall better performance over the North American domain. The influence of BC on regional air quality simulations is analyzed in a qualitative way by contrasting model performance for the MACC re-analysis with that for the regional models. This approach complements more quantitative C1 [Giordano, L.; Brunner, D.] EMPA, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Flemming, J.] ECMWF, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Hogrefe, C.; Torian, A.] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Im, U.; Galmarini, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, R.] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Badia, A.; Jorba, O.] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS, Dept Earth Sci, Barcelona, Spain. [Balzarini, A.; Pirovano, G.] RSE SpA, Milan, Italy. [Baro, R.; Jimenez-Guerrero, P.] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, Phys Earth, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Chemel, C.; Sokhi, R. S.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Atmospher & Instrumentat Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Curci, G.; Tuccella, P.] Univ Aquila, Ctr Excellence Forecast Severe Weather CETEMPS, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Forkel, R.; Werhahn, J.] KIT, IMK IFU, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Hirtl, M.] ZAMG Zent Anstalt Meteorol & Geodynam, Div Customer Serv, Sect Environm Meteorol, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Hodzic, A.; Knote, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Honzak, L.; Zabkar, R.] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuenen, J. J. P.; Manders-Groot, A.] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Makar, P. A.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Sect, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Neal, L.; Savage, N.] Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. [Perez, J. L.; San Jose, R.] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Environm Software & Modelling Grp, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Pouliot, G.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schroeder, W.; Wolke, R.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Syrakov, D.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Natl Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Yahya, K.; Zhang, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zabkar, R.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Brunner, D (reprint author), EMPA, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. EM dominik.brunner@empa.ch RI Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011; OI Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Im, Ulas/0000-0001-5177-5306; Jorba, Oriol/0000-0001-5872-0244 FU European groups through COST Action EuMetChem [ES1004]; Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation [C11.0144]; Severo Ochoa Program - Spanish Government [SEV-2011-00067]; Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI - European Union; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture; NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation; Italian Space Agency in the frame of PRIMES project [I/017/11/0] FX We acknowledge NOAA/ESRL for providing their data through the WDCGG database and making them available for use in research. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the European groups through COST Action ES1004 EuMetChem. Individual authors of this article were additionally supported by the following projects and grants: Lea Giordano through Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation, project C11.0144. O. Jorba is supported by grant SEV-2011-00067 of Severo Ochoa Program awarded by the Spanish Government. The UPM authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). Rahela Zabkar and Luka Honzak were supported by the Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI, partly financed by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture. Y. Zhang acknowledges funding support from the NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200) and computing support from Yellowstone by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). G. Curci and P. Tuccella were supported by the Italian Space Agency in the frame of PRIMES project (contract n. I/017/11/0). The technical assistance of Bert van Ulft (KNMI) and Arjo Segers (TNO) in producing the results of the NL2 model is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank numerous data providers: the ECMW/MACC project & Meteo-France/CNRM-GAME for chemical boundary conditions; the MOZAIC Data Centre and its contributing airlines for aircraft takeoff and landing vertical profiles. The Joint Research Center Ispra/Institute for Environment and Sustainability provided its ENSEMBLE system for model output harmonization and analyses and evaluation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA or any other organization participating in the AQMEII project. This paper has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 371 EP 388 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.034 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600040 ER PT J AU Stoeckenius, TE Hogrefe, C Zagunis, J Sturtz, TM Wells, B Sakulyanontvittaya, T AF Stoeckenius, Till E. Hogrefe, Christian Zagunis, Justin Sturtz, Timothy M. Wells, Benjamin Sakulyanontvittaya, Tanarit TI A comparison between 2010 and 2006 air quality and meteorological conditions, and emissions and boundary conditions used in simulations of the AQMEII-2 North American domain SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Air quality - meteorology interactions; Emission trends; Ozone trends; Synoptic types ID REANALYSIS; URBAN AB Several participants in Phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII-2) who are applying coupled models to the North American domain are comparing model results for two years, 2006 and 2010, with the goal of performing dynamic model evaluation. From a modeling perspective, the differences of interest are the large reductions in domain total emissions of NOx (21%) and SO2 (37%) from 2006 to 2010 and significant differences in meteorological conditions between these two years. The emission reductions occurred mostly in the eastern U.S, with some reduction in emissions from western wildfires in 2010. Differences in meteorological conditions both confound the impact of emission reductions on ambient air quality and provide an opportunity to examine how models respond to changing meteorology. This study is aimed at documenting changes in emissions, modeled large-scale background concentrations used as boundary conditions for the regional models, and observed meteorology and air quality to provide a context for the dynamic model evaluation studies performed within AQMEII-2. In addition to warmer summer temperatures, conditions in the eastern U.S. summer of 2010 were characterized by less precipitation than in 2006, while western portions of the U.S. and Canada were much cooler in 2010 due to a strengthening of the thermal trough over the Southwest and associated onshore flow. Summer ozone levels in many portions of the Northeast and Midwest were largely unchanged in 2010 despite reductions in precursor emissions. Normalization of the ozone trend, to account for differences in meteorological conditions, including warmer summer temperatures in 2010, shows that the emission reductions would have resulted in lower ozone levels at these locations if not for the countervailing influence of meteorological conditions. Winter mean surface temperatures were generally above average in 2006 whereas below average temperatures were noted in the Southeast and northern plains in 2010, consistent with a greater frequency of cold arctic air outbreaks. In general, changes in observed air quality as measured at U.S. monitoring sites appear to be consistent with differences in emissions and meteorological conditions between 2006 and 2010. Two potential inconsistencies were noted which warrant further investigation: 1) an increase in particulate nitrate during the winter in the Midwest despite lower emissions of NOx and 2) lower than expected SO2 reductions in the Southeast during the winter. (C)) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stoeckenius, Till E.; Zagunis, Justin; Sturtz, Timothy M.; Sakulyanontvittaya, Tanarit] ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Wells, Benjamin] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stoeckenius, TE (reprint author), 773 San Mann Dr,Suite 2115, Novato, CA 94998 USA. EM till@environcorp.com FU Coordinating Research Council Atmospheric Impacts Committee (CRC) [A-87] FX This study was supported by Coordinating Research Council Atmospheric Impacts Committee (CRC Project A-87). The authors thank George Pouliot for providing the emissions data. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or any other organization participating in the AQMEII project. This paper has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 389 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.043 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600041 ER PT J AU Makar, PA Gong, W Milbrandt, J Hogrefe, C Zhang, Y Curci, G Zabkar, R Im, U Balzarini, A Baro, R Bianconi, R Cheung, P Forkel, R Gravel, S Hirtl, M Honzak, L Hou, A Jimenez-Guerrero, R Langer, M Moran, MD Pabla, B Perez, JL Pirovano, G San Jose, R Tuccella, P Werhahn, J Zhang, J Galmarini, S AF Makar, P. A. Gong, W. Milbrandt, J. Hogrefe, C. Zhang, Y. Curci, G. Zabkar, R. Im, U. Balzarini, A. Baro, R. Bianconi, R. Cheung, P. Forkel, R. Gravel, S. Hirtl, M. Honzak, L. Hou, A. Jimenez-Guerrero, R. Langer, M. Moran, M. D. Pabla, B. Perez, J. L. Pirovano, G. San Jose, R. Tuccella, P. Werhahn, J. Zhang, J. Galmarini, S. TI Feedbacks between air pollution and weather, Part 1: Effects on weather SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Feedbacks; Air pollution forecasting; Weather forecasting; Air Quality Model Evaluation International; Initiative; Ozone; PM2.5; Direct effect; Indirect effect; Aerosol ID BULK MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; INITIATIVE AQMEII PHASE-2; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; NORTH-AMERICA; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; MULTIMODEL ASSESSMENT; PARTICULATE-MATTER; CHEMISTRY MODELS AB The meteorological predictions of fully coupled air-quality models running in "feedback" versus "no-feedback" simulations were compared against each other and observations as part of Phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative. In the "no-feedback" mode, the aerosol direct and indirect effects were disabled, with the models reverting to either climatologies of aerosol properties, or a no-aerosol weather simulation. In the "feedback" mode, the model-generated aerosols were allowed to modify the radiative transfer and/or cloud formation parameterizations of the respective models. Annual simulations with and without feedbacks were conducted on domains over North America for the years 2006 and 2010, and over Europe for the year 2010. The incorporation of feedbacks was found to result in systematic changes to forecast predictions of meteorological variables, both in time and space, with the largest impacts occurring in the summer and near large sources of pollution. Models incorporating only the aerosol direct effect predicted feedback-induced reductions in temperature, surface downward and upward shortwave radiation, precipitation and PBL height, and increased upward shortwave radiation, in both Europe and North America. The feedback response of models incorporating both the aerosol direct and indirect effects varied across models, suggesting the details of implementation of the indirect effect have a large impact on model results, and hence should be a focus for future research. The feedback response of models incorporating both direct and indirect effects was also consistently larger in magnitude to that of models incorporating the direct effect alone, implying that the indirect effect may be the dominant process. Comparisons across modelling platforms suggested that direct and indirect effect feedbacks may often act in competition: the sign of residual changes associated with feedbacks often changed between those models incorporating the direct effect alone versus those incorporating both feedback processes. Model comparisons to observations for no-feedback and feedback implementations of the same model showed that differences in performance between models were larger than the performance changes associated with implementing feedbacks within a given model. However, feedback implementation was shown to result in improved forecasts of meteorological parameters such as the 2 m surface temperature and precipitation. These findings suggest that meteorological forecasts may be improved through the use of fully coupled feedback models, or through incorporation of improved climatologies of aerosol properties, the latter designed to include spatial, temporal and aerosol size and/or speciation variations. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Makar, P. A.; Gong, W.; Cheung, P.; Hou, A.; Moran, M. D.; Pabla, B.; Zhang, J.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Milbrandt, J.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hogrefe, C.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhang, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Curci, G.] Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Zabkar, R.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Zabkar, R.; Honzak, L.] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Im, U.; Galmarini, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Balzarini, A.; Pirovano, G.] RSE, Milan, Italy. [Baro, R.] Univ Murcia, MAR UMU, E-30001 Murcia, Spain. [Bianconi, R.; Jimenez-Guerrero, R.] Enviroware, Milan, Italy. [Forkel, R.; Werhahn, J.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Gravel, S.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hirtl, M.; Langer, M.] ZAMG, Vienna, Austria. [Perez, J. L.; San Jose, R.] UPM, Tech Univ Madrid, ESMG, Madrid, Spain. [Tuccella, P.] Univ Aquila, CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. RP Makar, PA (reprint author), Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM paul.makar@ec.gc.ca RI Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011; Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; OI Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570; Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Im, Ulas/0000-0001-5177-5306 FU Environment Canada's Clean Air Regulatory Agenda; European Union; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture; Italian Space Agency (ASI) [I/017/11/0]; NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575]; Information Systems Laboratory - National Science Foundation; Stampede FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from Environment Canada's Clean Air Regulatory Agenda. The Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI is an operation partly financed by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture. G. Curci and P. Tuccella were supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the frame of the PRIMES project (contract n. I/017/11/0)." Y. Zhang acknowledges funding support from the NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200) and high-performance computing support from Yellowstone (ark:185065/d7wd3xhc) provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) (http://www.tac-c.utexas.edu), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1053575. NR 65 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 8 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 442 EP 469 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.003 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600044 ER PT J AU Brunner, D Savage, N Jorba, O Eder, B Giordano, L Badia, A Balzarini, A Baro, R Bianconi, R Chemel, C Curci, G Forkel, R Jimenez-Guerrero, P Hirtl, M Hodzic, A Honzak, L Im, U Knote, C Makar, P Manders-Groot, A van Meijgaard, E Neal, L Perez, JL Pirovano, G San Jose, R Schroder, W Sokhi, RS Syrakov, D Torian, A Tuccella, P Werhahn, J Wolke, R Yahya, K Zabkar, R Zhang, Y Hogrefe, C Galmarini, S AF Brunner, Dominik Savage, Nicholas Jorba, Oriol Eder, Brian Giordano, Lea Badia, Alba Balzarini, Alessandra Baro, Rocio Bianconi, Roberto Chemel, Charles Curci, Gabriele Forkel, Renate Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro Hirtl, Marcus Hodzic, Alma Honzak, Luka Im, Ulas Knote, Christoph Makar, Paul Manders-Groot, Astrid van Meijgaard, Erik Neal, Lucy Perez, Juan L. Pirovano, Guido San Jose, Roberto Schroeder, Wolfram Sokhi, Ranjeet S. Syrakov, Dimiter Torian, Alfreida Tuccella, Paolo Werhahn, Johannes Wolke, Ralf Yahya, Khairunnisa Zabkar, Rahela Zhang, Yang Hogrefe, Christian Galmarini, Stefano TI Comparative analysis of meteorological performance of coupled chemistry-meteorology models in the context of AQMEII phase 2 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Online-coupled meteorology-chemistry modeling; Model evaluation; Meteorology; AQMEII phase 2 ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; INTEGRATED FORECAST SYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; YAMADA LEVEL-3 MODEL; AIR-QUALITY MODELS; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; UNITED-STATES; PART I; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MIXING SCHEME AB Air pollution simulations critically depend on the quality of the underlying meteorology. In phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII-2), thirteen modeling groups from Europe and four groups from North America operating eight different regional coupled chemistry and meteorology models participated in a coordinated model evaluation exercise. Each group simulated the year 2010 for a domain covering either Europe or North America or both. Here were present an operational analysis of model performance with respect to key meteorological variables relevant for atmospheric chemistry processes and air quality. These parameters include temperature and wind speed at the surface and in the vertical profile, incoming solar radiation at the ground, precipitation, and planetary boundary layer heights. A similar analysis was performed during AQMEII phase 1 (Vautard et al., 2012) for offline air quality models not directly coupled to the meteorological model core as the model systems investigated here. Similar to phase 1, we found significant overpredictions of 10-m wind speeds by most models, more pronounced during night than during daytime. The seasonal evolution of temperature was well captured with monthly mean biases below 2 K over all domains. Solar incoming radiation, precipitation and PBL heights, on the other hand, showed significant spread between models and observations suggesting that major challenges still remain in the simulation of meteorological parameters relevant for air quality and for chemistry climate interactions at the regional scale. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). C1 [Brunner, Dominik; Giordano, Lea] Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Savage, Nicholas; Neal, Lucy] Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. [Jorba, Oriol; Badia, Alba] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS, Dept Earth Sci, Barcelona, Spain. [Eder, Brian; Torian, Alfreida; Hogrefe, Christian] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Balzarini, Alessandra; Pirovano, Guido] Ric Sistema Energet RSE SpA, Milan, Italy. [Baro, Rocio; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, Phys Earth, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Bianconi, Roberto] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Chemel, Charles; Sokhi, Ranjeet S.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Atmospher & Instrumentat Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Curci, Gabriele; Tuccella, Paolo] Univ Aquila, Ctr Excellence Forecast Severe Weather CETEMPS, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Forkel, Renate; Werhahn, Johannes] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Klimaforsch, Atmosphar Umweltforsch IMK IFU, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Hirtl, Marcus] ZAMG Zent Anstalt Meteorol & Geodynam, Sect Environm Meteorol, Div Customer Serv, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Hodzic, Alma; Knote, Christoph] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Honzak, Luka; Zabkar, Rahela] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Im, Ulas; Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Makar, Paul] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Sect, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Manders-Groot, Astrid] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. [van Meijgaard, Erik] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands. [Perez, Juan L.; San Jose, Roberto] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Environm Software & Modelling Grp, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Schroeder, Wolfram; Wolke, Ralf] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Syrakov, Dimiter] Natl Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, Sofia 1784, Bulgaria. [Yahya, Khairunnisa; Zhang, Yang] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zabkar, Rahela] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Brunner, D (reprint author), Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. EM dominik.brunner@empa.ch RI Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011; Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; OI Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570; Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Im, Ulas/0000-0001-5177-5306; Jorba, Oriol/0000-0001-5872-0244 FU European groups through COST Action [ES1004 EuMetChem]; Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation [C11.0144]; Severo Ochoa Program - Spanish Government [SEV-2011-00067]; Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI - EU; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture; NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation; Stampede; TRANS-PHORM (FP7 project) [243406]; ClearFlo (NERC); Italian Space Agency (ASI) [I/017/11/0]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48491-R] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the European groups through COST Action ES1004 EuMetChem. Individual authors of this article were additionally supported by the following projects and grants: Lea Giordano through Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation, project C11.0144. O. Jorba is supported by grant SEV-2011-00067 of Severo Ochoa Program awarded by the Spanish Government. The UPM authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). Rahela Zabkar and Luka Honzak were supported by the Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI, which is partly financed by the EU, European Regional Development Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture. Y. Zhang acknowledges funding support from the NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200) and high-performance computing support from Yellowstone by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). The technical assistance of Bert van Ulft (KNMI) and Arjo Segers (TNO) in producing the results of the NL2-model (the RACMO2-LOTOS-EUROS coupled system) is gratefully acknowledged. The University of Hertfordshire acknowledges TRANS-PHORM (FP7 project contract number 243406) and ClearFlo (NERC Funded project) for supporting the work on the application of WRF model over European and urban scales respectively. G. Curci and P. Tuccella were supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the frame of the project PRIMES (contract n. I/017/11/0). The UMU group acknowledges the funding from the project CGL2013-48491-R, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. NR 105 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 470 EP 498 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.032 PG 29 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600045 ER PT J AU Makar, PA Gong, W Hogrefe, C Zhang, Y Curci, G Zabkar, R Milbrandt, J Im, U Balzarini, A Baro, R Bianconi, R Cheung, P Forkel, R Gravel, S Hirtl, M Honzak, L Hou, A Jimenez-Guerrero, P Langer, M Moran, MD Pabla, B Perez, JL Pirovano, G San Jose, R Tuccella, P Werhahn, J Zhang, J Galmarini, S AF Makar, P. A. Gong, W. Hogrefe, C. Zhang, Y. Curci, G. Zabkar, R. Milbrandt, J. Im, U. Balzarini, A. Baro, R. Bianconi, R. Cheung, P. Forkel, R. Gravel, S. Hirtl, M. Honzak, L. Hou, A. Jimenez-Guerrero, P. Langer, M. Moran, M. D. Pabla, B. Perez, J. L. Pirovano, G. San Jose, R. Tuccella, P. Werhahn, J. Zhang, J. Galmarini, S. TI Feedbacks between air pollution and weather, part 2: Effects on chemistry SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Feedbacks; Air pollution modelling; Weather prediction; Direct effect; Indirect effect; Coupled modelling systems; Forecasting ID PARTICULATE-MATTER; MODEL EVALUATION; NORTH-AMERICA; ENSEMBLE; QUALITY; EUROPE; MICROPHYSICS; METEOROLOGY; CONTEXT; AQMEII AB Fully-coupled air-quality models running in "feedback" and "no-feedback" configurations were compared against each other and observation network data as part of Phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative. In the "no-feedback" mode, interactions between meteorology and chemistry through the aerosol direct and indirect effects were disabled, with the models reverting to climatologies of aerosol properties, or a no-aerosol weather simulation, while in the "feedback" mode, the model-generated aerosols were allowed to modify the models' radiative transfer and/or cloud formation processes. Annual simulations with and without feedbacks were conducted for domains in North America for the years 2006 and 2010, and for Europe for the year 2010. Comparisons against observations via annual statistics show model-to-model variation in performance is greater than the within-model variation associated with feedbacks. However, during the summer and during intense emission events such as the Russian forest fires of 2010, feedbacks have a significant impact on the chemical predictions of the models. The aerosol indirect effect was usually found to dominate feedbacks compared to the direct effect. The impacts of direct and indirect effects were often shown to be in competition, for predictions of ozone, particulate matter and other species. Feedbacks were shown to result in local and regional shifts of ozone-forming chemical regime, between NOx- and VOC-limited environments. Feedbacks were shown to have a substantial influence on biogenic hydrocarbon emissions and concentrations: North American simulations incorporating both feedbacks resulted in summer average isoprene concentration decreases of up to 10%, while European direct effect simulations during the Russian forest fire period resulted in grid average isoprene changes of -5 to +12.5%. The atmospheric transport and chemistry of large emitting sources such as plumes from forest fires and large cities were shown to-be strongly impacted by the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms in the model simulations. Summertime model performance for ozone and other gases was improved through the inclusion of indirect effect feedbacks, while performance for particulate matter was degraded, suggesting that current parameterizations for in- and below cloud processes, once the cloud locations become more directly influenced by aerosols, may over- or under-predict the strength of these processes. Process parameterization-level comparisons of fully coupled feedback models are therefore recommended for future work, as well as further studies using these models for the simulations of large scale urban/industrial and/or forest fire plumes. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Makar, P. A.; Gong, W.; Cheung, P.; Hou, A.; Moran, M. D.; Pabla, B.; Zhang, J.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hogrefe, C.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhang, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Curci, G.] Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Zabkar, R.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Zabkar, R.; Honzak, L.] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Milbrandt, J.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Im, U.; Galmarini, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Balzarini, A.; Pirovano, G.] RSE, Milan, Italy. [Baro, R.; Jimenez-Guerrero, P.] Univ Murcia, MAR UMU, E-30001 Murcia, Spain. [Bianconi, R.] Enviroware, Milan, Italy. [Forkel, R.; Werhahn, J.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Gravel, S.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hirtl, M.; Langer, M.] ZAMG, Vienna, Austria. [Perez, J. L.; San Jose, R.] Tech Univ Madrid, ESMG UPM, Madrid, Spain. [Tuccella, P.] Univ Aquila, CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. RP Makar, PA (reprint author), Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM paul.makar@ec.gc.ca RI Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011; Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013 OI Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Im, Ulas/0000-0001-5177-5306; Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570; Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X FU Environment Canada's Clean Air Regulatory Agenda; European Union; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture; NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575]; Information Systems Laboratory - National Science Foundation FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from Environment Canada's Clean Air Regulatory Agenda. The Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI is an operation partly financed by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Sport and Culture. Y. Zhang acknowledges funding support from the NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200) and high-performance computing support from Yellowstone (ark:/85065/d7wd3xhc) provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) (http://www.tac-c.utexas.edu), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1053575. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 499 EP 526 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.10.021 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600046 ER PT J AU Curci, G Hogrefe, C Bianconi, R Im, U Balzarini, A Baro, R Brunner, D Forkel, R Giordano, L Hirtl, M Honzak, L Jimenez-Guerrero, P Knote, C Langer, M Makar, PA Pirovano, G Perez, JL San Jose, R Syrakov, D Tuccella, P Werhahn, J Wolke, R Zabkar, R Zhang, J Galmarini, S AF Curci, G. Hogrefe, C. Bianconi, R. Im, U. Balzarini, A. Baro, R. Brunner, D. Forkel, R. Giordano, L. Hirtl, M. Honzak, L. Jimenez-Guerrero, P. Knote, C. Langer, M. Makar, P. A. Pirovano, G. Perez, J. L. San Jose, R. Syrakov, D. Tuccella, P. Werhahn, J. Wolke, R. Zabkar, R. Zhang, J. Galmarini, S. TI Uncertainties of simulated aerosol optical properties induced by assumptions on aerosol physical and chemical properties: An AQMEII-2 perspective SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Aerosol; Optical depth; Optical properties; Radiative forcing; Mixing state ID RADIATIVE IMPACT; SUN PHOTOMETER; MODEL; SCATTERING; ABSORPTION; STATE AB The calculation of aerosol optical properties from aerosol mass is a process subject to uncertainty related to necessary assumptions on the treatment of the chemical species mixing state, density, refractive index, and hygroscopic growth. In the framework of the AQMEII-2 model intercomparison, we used the bulk mass profiles of aerosol chemical species sampled over the locations of AERONET stations across Europe and North America to calculate the aerosol optical properties under a range of common assumptions for all models. Several simulations with parameters perturbed within a range of observed values are carried out for July 2010 and compared in order to infer the assumptions that have the largest impact on the calculated aerosol optical properties. We calculate that the most important factor of uncertainty is the assumption about the mixing state, for which we estimate an uncertainty of 30-35% on the simulated aerosol optical depth (ACID) and single scattering albedo (SSA). The choice of the core composition in the core shell representation is of minor importance for calculation of AOD, while it is critical for the SSA. The uncertainty introduced by the choice of mixing state choice on the calculation of the asymmetry parameter is the order of 10%. Other factors of uncertainty tested here have a maximum average impact of 10% each on calculated AOD, and an impact of a few percent on SSA and g. It is thus recommended to focus further research on a more accurate representation of the aerosol mixing state in models, in order to have a less uncertain simulation of the related optical properties. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). C1 [Curci, G.; Tuccella, P.] Univ Aquila, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, Ctr Excellence Forecast Severe Weather CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Hogrefe, C.] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bianconi, R.] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Im, U.; Galmarini, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Balzarini, A.; Pirovano, G.] Ric Sistema Energet RSE SpA, Milan, Italy. [Baro, R.; Jimenez-Guerrero, P.] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, Phys Earth, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Brunner, D.; Giordano, L.] Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Forkel, R.; Werhahn, J.] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Klimaforsch, Atmosphar Umweltforsch IMK IFU, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Hirtl, M.; Langer, M.] ZAMG, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Honzak, L.; Zabkar, R.] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Knote, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Makar, P. A.; Zhang, J.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Perez, J. L.; San Jose, R.] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Environm Software & Modelling Grp, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Syrakov, D.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Natl Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Wolke, R.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Zabkar, R.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Curci, G (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, Ctr Excellence Forecast Severe Weather CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. EM gabriele.curci@aquila.infn.it RI Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011 OI Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Im, Ulas/0000-0001-5177-5306; Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570 FU Italian Space Agency (ASI) [I/017/11/0]; RSE S.p.A.; Ministry of Economic Development - General Directorate for Nuclear Energy, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency; European Union; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Education, Science and Sport; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48491-R] FX G. Curci and P. Tuccella were supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the frame of PRIMES project (contract n. I/017/11/0). The same authors are deeply thankful to the Euro Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change (CMCC) for having made available the computational resources needed to complete this work. The UPM authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). The RSE contribution has been financed by the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System under the Contract Agreement between RSE S.p.A. and the Ministry of Economic Development - General Directorate for Nuclear Energy, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in compliance with the Decree of March 8, 2006. The Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI is an operation part financed by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Education, Science and Sport. The UMU group acknowledges the funding from the project CGL2013-48491-R, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. NASA's AErosol RObotic NETwork (AeroNet) and its data-contributing agencies provided North American and European AOD measurements. Joint Research Center Ispra/Institute for Environment and Sustainability provided its ENSEMBLE system for model output harmonization and analyses and evaluation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or any other organization participating in the AQMEII project. This paper has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 541 EP 552 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.009 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600048 ER PT J AU Knote, C Tuccella, P Curci, G Emmons, L Orlando, JJ Madronich, S Baro, R Jimenez-Guerrero, P Luecken, D Hogrefe, C Forkel, R Werhahn, J Hirtl, M Perez, JL San Jose, R Giordano, L Brunner, D Yahya, K Zhang, Y AF Knote, Christoph Tuccella, Paolo Curci, Gabriele Emmons, Louisa Orlando, John J. Madronich, Sasha Baro, Rocio Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro Luecken, Deborah Hogrefe, Christian Forkel, Renate Werhahn, Johannes Hirtl, Marcus Perez, Juan L. San Jose, Roberto Giordano, Lea Brunner, Dominik Yahya, Khairunnisa Zhang, Yang TI Influence of the choice of gas-phase mechanism on predictions of key gaseous pollutants during the AQMEII phase-2 intercomparison SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Box modeling; Gas-phase mechanisms; Tropospheric chemistry; Model intercomparison; AQMEII ID ACID DEPOSITION MODEL; AIR-QUALITY; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL MECHANISM; ISOPRENE OXIDATION; COSMO-ART; OZONE; PHOTOOXIDATION; AEROSOLS; TRACERS AB The formulations of tropospheric gas-phase chemistry ("mechanisms") used in the regional-scale chemistry-transport models participating in the Air Quality Modelling Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) Phase 2 are intercompared by the means of box model studies. Simulations were conducted under idealized meteorological conditions, and the results are representative of mean boundary layer concentrations. Three sets of meteorological conditions winter, spring/autumn and summer - were used to capture the annual variability, similar to the 3-D model simulations in AQMEII Phase 2. We also employed the same emissions input data used in the 3-D model intercomparison, and sample from these datasets employing different strategies to evaluate mechanism performance under a realistic range of pollution conditions. Box model simulations using the different mechanisms are conducted with tight constraints on all relevant processes and boundary conditions (photolysis, temperature, entrainment, etc.) to ensure that differences in predicted concentrations of pollutants can be attributed to differences in the formulation of gas-phase chemistry. The results are then compared with each other (but not to measurements), leading to an understanding of mechanism-specific biases compared to the multi-model mean. Our results allow us to quantify the uncertainty in predictions of a given compound in the 3-D simulations introduced by the choice of gas-phase mechanisms, to determine mechanism-specific biases under certain pollution conditions, and to identify (or rule out) the gas-phase mechanism as the cause of an observed discrepancy in 3-D model predictions. We find that the predictions of the median diurnal cycle of O-3 over a set of emission conditions representing a network of station observations is within 4 ppbv (5%) across the different mechanisms. This variability is found to be very similar on both continents. There are considerably larger differences in predicted concentrations of NOx (up to +/- 25%), key radicals like OH (40%), HO2 (25%) and especially NO3 (>100%). Secondary substances like H2O2 (25%) or HNO3 (10%), as well as key volatile organic compounds like isoprene (>100%) or CH2O (20%) differ substantially as well. Calculation of an indicator of the chemical regime leads to up to 20% of simulations being classified differently by different mechanism, which would lead to different predictions of the most efficient emission reduction strategies. All these differences are despite identical meteorological boundary conditions, photolysis rates, as well as identical biogenic and inorganic anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic VOC emissions only vary in the way they are translated in mechanism-specific compounds, but are identical in the total emitted carbon mass and its spatial distribution. Our findings highlight that the choice of gas-phase mechanism is crucial in simulations for regulatory purposes, emission scenarios, as well as process studies that investigate other components like secondary formed aerosol components. We find that biogenic VOCs create considerable variability in mechanism predictions and suggest that these, together with nighttime chemistry should be areas of further mechanism improvement. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.orgaicenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). C1 [Knote, Christoph; Emmons, Louisa; Orlando, John J.; Madronich, Sasha] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tuccella, Paolo; Curci, Gabriele] Univ Aquila, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, Ctr Excellence Forecast Severe Weather CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Baro, Rocio; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, Phys Earth, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Luecken, Deborah; Hogrefe, Christian] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Forkel, Renate; Werhahn, Johannes] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Klimaforsch, Atmosphar Umweltforsch IMK IFU, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Hirtl, Marcus] ZAMG, Div Customer Serv, Sect Environm Meteorol, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Perez, Juan L.; San Jose, Roberto] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Environm Software & Modelling Grp, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Giordano, Lea; Brunner, Dominik] Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Yahya, Khairunnisa; Zhang, Yang] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Knote, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM knote@ucar.edu RI Emmons, Louisa/R-8922-2016; Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; Madronich, Sasha/D-3284-2015; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Curci, Gabriele/A-2020-2011; Tuccella, Paolo/O-7092-2016 OI Emmons, Louisa/0000-0003-2325-6212; Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671; Madronich, Sasha/0000-0003-0983-1313; Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Curci, Gabriele/0000-0001-9871-5570; Tuccella, Paolo/0000-0003-0951-8773 FU Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation [C11.0144]; NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48491-R]; Italian Space Agency (ASI) [I/017/11/0]; National Center for Atmospheric Research FX Alessandra Balzarini (RSE) is thanked for providing emissions speciation information for the CBMZ mechanism. The group of Bernhard Vogel (IMK-TRO, KIT) is thanked for providing the KPP files of the RADMKA mechanism. Geoff Tyndall (NCAR) kindly provided assistance in updating the MOZART mechanism. Lea Giordano was supported by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation, project C11.0144. Y. Zhang and K. Yahya acknowledge funding support from the NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200) and high-performance computing support from Yellowstone by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). The UPM authors gratefully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). The UMU group acknowledges the funding from the project CGL2013-48491-R, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. G. Curci and P. Tuccella were supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the frame of PRIMES project (contract n.I/017/11/0). This research was supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is operated by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research on behalf of the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or any other organization participating in the AQMEII project. This paper has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 553 EP 568 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.066 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600049 ER PT J AU Campbell, P Zhang, Y Yahya, K Wang, K Hogrefe, C Pouliot, G Knote, C Hodzic, A San Jose, R Perez, JL Guerrero, PJ Baro, R Makar, P AF Campbell, Patrick Zhang, Yang Yahya, Khairunnisa Wang, Kai Hogrefe, Christian Pouliot, George Knote, Christoph Hodzic, Alma San Jose, Roberto Perez, Juan L. Jimenez Guerrero, Pedro Baro, Rocio Makar, Paul TI A multi-model assessment for the 2006 and 2010 simulations under the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) phase 2 over North America: Part I. Indicators of the sensitivity of O-3 and PM2.5 formation regimes SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Air quality models; Online-coupled; Ozone; Particulate matter; Indicators ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; BULK MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; WEATHER FORECAST MODEL; LAND-SURFACE SCHEME; DRY DEPOSITION; PARTICULATE-MATTER; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION AB Under the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative, Phase 2 (AQMEII-2), three online-coupled air quality model simulations, with six different configurations, are analyzed for their performance, inter-model agreement, and responses to emission and meteorological changes between 2006 and 2010. In this Part I paper, we focus on evaluating O-3 and PM2.5 indicator-based analyses, which are important in the development of applicable control strategies of O-3 and PM2.5 pollution in different regions worldwide. The O-3 indicators agree on widespread NOx-limited and localized VOC-limited conditions in the U.S. The NOy and O-3/NOy indicators overpredict the extent of the VOC-limited chemistry in southeast U.S., but are more robust than the H2O2/HNO3, HCHO/NOy, and HCHO/NO2 indicators at the surface, which exhibit relatively more inter-model variability. The column HCHO/NO2 indicator is underpredicted in the O-3 and non-O-3 seasons, but there is regional variability. For surface PM2.5 indicators, there is good inter-model agreement for the degree of sulfate neutralization; however there are systematic underpredictions in the southeast U.S. There is relatively poor inter-model agreement for the less robust adjusted gas ratio indicator, which is largely overpredicted in the summer and both under- and overpredicted in winter in the southeast U.S. There is good inter-model agreement for the O-3 indicator sensitivities, indicating a predominant shift to more NOx-limited conditions in 2010 relative to 2006. There is less agreement for PM2.5 indicator sensitivities, which are less robust, while indicating shifts to either regime due to different responses of aerosol treatments to changes in emissions and meteorology. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Campbell, Patrick; Zhang, Yang; Yahya, Khairunnisa; Wang, Kai] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Pouliot, George] US EPA, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Knote, Christoph; Hodzic, Alma] NCAR, Div Atmospher Chem, Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [San Jose, Roberto; Perez, Juan L.] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Jimenez Guerrero, Pedro; Baro, Rocio] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Makar, Paul] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. RP Campbell, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM pccampb2@ncsu.edu; yzhang9@ncsu.edu RI Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; Wang, Kai/D-4262-2013; OI Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Wang, Kai/0000-0002-2375-5989; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671 FU National Science Foundation EaSM program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation FX This study is funded by the National Science Foundation EaSM program (AGS-1049200). The following agencies have prepared the datasets used in this study: the U.S. EPA (North American emissions processing), Environment Canada, Mexican Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaride Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-SEMARNAT) and National Institute of Ecology (Institut Nacional de EcologiINE) (North American national emissions inventories), the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Global and Regional Earth-system (Atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data (CA2fMWF/GEMS) project and Meteo France/Centre national de recherches meteorologiques (CNRM-GAME) for the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) IC/BCs. Meteorological IC/BCs are provided by the National Center for Environmental Protection. Ambient North American concentration measurements are provided by the SouthEastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) network. We also acknowledge the free use of tropospheric HCHO (version 12) and NO2 column data (version 2.3) from the SCIAMACHY sensors, which are obtained from www.temis.nl.; We would also like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Yellowstone by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). The Technical University of Madrid authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). NR 140 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 569 EP 586 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.026 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600050 ER PT J AU Wang, K Yahya, K Zhang, Y Hogrefe, C Pouliot, G Knote, C Hodzic, A Jose, RS Perez, JL Jimenez-Guerrero, P Baro, R Makar, P Bennartz, R AF Wang, Kai Yahya, Khairunnisa Zhang, Yang Hogrefe, Christian Pouliot, George Knote, Christoph Hodzic, Alma Jose, Roberto San Perez, Juan L. Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro Baro, Rocio Makar, Paul Bennartz, Ralf TI A multi-model assessment for the 2006 and 2010 simulations under the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) Phase 2 over North America: Part II. Evaluation of column variable predictions using satellite data SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Satellite data; Online-coupled model; Model evaluation; WRF/Chem; WRF-CMAQ; GEM-MACH; AQMEII ID PARTICULATE-MATTER; AEROSOL ACTIVATION; NO2 COLUMNS; EMISSIONS; RETRIEVALS; IMPACTS; ASSIMILATION; CHEMISTRY; TRANSPORT; OZONE AB Within the context of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative Phase 2 (AQMEII2) project, this part II paper performs a multi-model assessment of major column abundances of gases, radiation, aerosol, and cloud variables for 2006 and 2010 simulations with three online-coupled air quality models over the North America using available satellite data. It also provides the first comparative assessment of the capabilities of the current generation of online-coupled models in simulating column variables. Despite the use of different model configurations and meteorological initial and boundary conditions, most simulations show comparable model performance for many variables. The evaluation results show an excellent agreement between all simulations and satellite-derived radiation variables including downward surface solar radiation, longwave radiation, and top-of-atmospheric outgoing longwave radiation, as well as precipitable water vapor with domain-average normalized mean biases (NMBs) of typically less than 5% and correlation coefficient (R) typically more than 0.9. Most simulations perform well for column-integrated abundance of CO with domain-average NMBs of -9.4% to -2.2% in 2006 and -12.1% to 4.6% in 2010 and from reasonably well to fair for column NO2, HCHO, and SO2, with domain-average NMBs of -37.7% to -2.1%, -27.3% to 59.2%, and 16.1% to 114.2% in 2006, respectively, and, 12.9% to 102.1%, -25.0% to 87.6%, -65.2% to 7.4% in 2010, respectively. R values are high for CO and NO2 typically between 0.85 and 0.9 (i.e., R-2 of 0.7-0.8). Tropospheric ozone residuals are overpredicted by all simulations due to overestimates of ozone profiles from boundary conditions. Model performance for cloud-related variables is mixed and generally worse compared to gases and radiation variables. Cloud fraction (CF) is well reproduced by most simulations. Other aerosol/cloud related variables such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), cloud optical thickness, cloud liquid water path, cloud condensation nuclei, and cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) are moderately to largely underpredicted by most simulations, due to underpredictions of aerosol loadings and also indicating high uncertainties associated with the current model treatments of aerosol cloud interactions and the need for further model development. Negative correlations are found for AOD for most simulations due to large negative biases over the western part of the domain. Inter-model discrepancies also exist for a few variables such as column abundances of HCHO and SO2 and CDNC due likely to different chemical mechanisms, biogenic emissions, and treatments of aerosol indirect effects. Most simulations can also capture the inter-annual trend observed by satellites between 2006 and 2010 for several variables such as column abundance of NO2, AOD, CF, and CDNC. Results shown in this work provide the important benchmark for future onlinecouple air quality model development. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Kai; Yahya, Khairunnisa; Zhang, Yang] NCSU, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Pouliot, George] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Knote, Christoph; Hodzic, Alma] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Jose, Roberto San; Perez, Juan L.] Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Comp Sci, Madrid 28660, Spain. [Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro; Baro, Rocio] Univ Murcia, Dept Phys, Reg Campus Int Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Makar, Paul] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Bennartz, Ralf] Vanderbilt Univ, Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37205 USA. [Bennartz, Ralf] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Wang, K (reprint author), NCSU, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwang@ncsu.edu; yzhang9@ncsu.edu RI Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; Wang, Kai/D-4262-2013; OI Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179; Wang, Kai/0000-0002-2375-5989; Jimenez-Guerrero, Pedro/0000-0002-3156-0671 FU NSF Earth System Program [AGS-1049200]; National Science Foundation; Stampede FX This work is supported by NSF Earth System Program (AGS-1049200). We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of various groups to the AQMEII activity: U.S. EPA, Environment Canada, Mexican Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales-SEMARNAT), and National Institute of Ecology (Institut Nacional de Ecologia-INE) for providing and processing North American national emissions inventories and ECMWF/MACC project & Meteo-France/CNRM-GAME for providing MACC model outputs used as chemical initial and boundary conditions in this work. We acknowledge the free use of satellite data obtained from NASA's and ESA's web sites. The NCSU team would also like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Yellowstone by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Stampede, provided as an Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) digital service by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). The UPM team thankfully acknowledges the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputacion y Visualizacion de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA. This paper has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. Thanks are also due to Jian He from NCSU for providing the script for Taylor diagram. We also thank two reviewers for their comments to improve the manuscript. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 587 EP 603 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.044 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600051 ER PT J AU Gan, CM Binkowski, F Pleim, J Xing, J Wong, D Mathur, R Gilliam, R AF Gan, Chuen Meei Binkowski, Francis Pleim, Jonathan Xing, Jia Wong, David Mathur, Rohit Gilliam, Robert TI Assessment of the aerosol optics component of the coupled WRF-CMAQ model using CARES field campaign data and a single column model SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Aerosol optical properties; Model evaluation; WRF/CMAQ; Observation; Single column model ID INTEGRATED MOBILITY SPECTROMETER; REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; CALIFORNIA; PERFORMANCE; PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; NEPHELOMETER; SENSITIVITY AB The Carbonaceous Aerosols and Radiative Effects Study (CARES), a field campaign held in central California in June 2010, provides a unique opportunity to assess the aerosol optics modeling component of the two-way coupled Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) - Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. This campaign included comprehensive measurements of aerosol composition and optical properties at two ground sites and aloft from instrumentation on-board two aircraft. A single column model (SCM) was developed to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the coupled model using both observation and model information. Two cases (June 14 and 24, 2010) are examined in this study. The results show that though the coupled WRF CMAQ estimates of aerosol extinction were underestimated relative to these measurements, when measured concentrations and characteristics of ambient aerosols were used as input to constrain the SCM calculations, the estimated extinction profiles agreed well with aircraft observations. One of the possible causes of the WRF CMAQ extinction errors is that the simulated sea-salt (SS) in the accumulation mode in WRF CMAQ is very low in both cases while the observations indicate a considerable amount of SS. Also, a significant amount of organic carbon (OC) is present in the measurement. However, in the current WRF CMAQ model all OC is considered to be insoluble whereas most secondary organic aerosol is water soluble. In addition, the model does not consider external mixing and hygroscopic effects of water soluble OC which can impact the extinction calculations. In conclusion, the constrained SCM results indicate that the scattering portion of the aerosol optics calculations is working well, although the absorption calculation could not be effectively evaluated. However, a few factors such as greatly underestimated accumulation mode SS, misrepresentation of water soluble OC, and incomplete mixing state representation in the full coupled model simulation are possible causes of the underestimated extinction. Improved SS emission modeling and revisions to more fully account for OC in the optical calculations are being pursued. More sensitivity tests related to the factors mentioned previously are needed for future optical properties development. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gan, Chuen Meei; Pleim, Jonathan; Xing, Jia; Wong, David; Mathur, Rohit; Gilliam, Robert] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Binkowski, Francis] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Modeling Policy Dev, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Gan, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM chuenmeei@gmail.com RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Binkowski, Francis/0000-0002-2701-1258 FU US EPA; U.S. Department of Energy [IA DE-SC0003782]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [IA RW-89-9233260] FX This research was performed while Chuen-Meei Gan held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at US EPA. The research presented in this study was supported through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (funding IA DE-SC0003782) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (funding IA RW-89-9233260). It has been subject to the US EPA's administrative review and approved for publication. We would like to thank Kirk Baker and James Kelly from OAQPS of US EPA for their support and assistance in obtaining the emission dataset. We also thank the numerous CARES investigators for providing field campaign data used in this study. We also appreciate the comments of two reviewers that have significantly improved this paper. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 670 EP 682 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.028 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600057 ER PT J AU Hogrefe, C Pouliot, G Wong, D Torian, A Roselle, S Pleim, J Mathur, R AF Hogrefe, Christian Pouliot, George Wong, David Torian, Alfreida Roselle, Shawn Pleim, Jonathan Mathur, Rohit TI Annual application and evaluation of the online coupled WRF-CMAQ system over North America under AQMEII phase 2 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE WRF-CMAQ coupled model; AQMEII; Direct feedbacks; Dynamic evaluation ID MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; PART I; DATA ASSIMILATION; CHEMISTRY MODELS; QUALITY; AEROSOL; IMPACT AB We present an application of the online coupled Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system to two annual simulations over North America performed under Phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). Operational evaluation shows that model performance is comparable to earlier annual applications of the uncoupled WRF/CMAQ modeling system Results also indicate that factors such as changes in the underlying emissions inventory and chemical boundary conditions likely exert a larger influence on overall model performance than feedback effects. A comparison of the simulated Aerosol Optical Depth (ACID) against observations reveals a tendency toward underprediction in all seasons despite a general overprediction of PM2.5 during wintertime. Summertime sensitivity simulations without feedback effects are used to quantify the average impact of the simulated direct feedback effect on temperature, PBL heights, ozone and PM2.5 concentrations. Model results for 2006 and 2010 are analyzed to compare modeled changes between these years to those seen in observations. The results for summertime average daily maximum 8-h ozone showed that the model tends to underestimate the observed decrease in concentrations. The results for total and speciated PM2.5 vary between seasons, networks and species, but the WRF CMAQ simulations do capture the substantial decreases in observed PM2.5 concentrations in summer and fall. These 2010-2006 PM2.5 decreases result in simulated increases of summer mean clear-sky shortwave radiation between 5 and 10 W/m(2). The WRF-CMAQ configuration without direct feedback effects simulates smaller changes in summertime PM2.5 concentrations, indicating that the direct feedback effect enhances the air quality benefits arising from emission controls and that coupled modeling systems are necessary to quantify such feedback effects. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hogrefe, Christian; Pouliot, George; Wong, David; Torian, Alfreida; Roselle, Shawn; Pleim, Jonathan; Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hogrefe, C (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, MD E243-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hogrefe.christian@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 52 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 683 EP 694 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.034 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN9ZL UT WOS:000358809600058 ER PT J AU Green, OO Garmestani, AS Allen, CR Gunderson, LH Ruhl, JB Arnold, CA Graham, NAJ Cosens, B Angeler, DG Chaffin, BC Holling, CS AF Green, Olivia Odom Garmestani, Ahjond S. Allen, Craig R. Gunderson, Lance H. Ruhl, J. B. Arnold, Craig A. Graham, Nicholas A. J. Cosens, Barbara Angeler, David G. Chaffin, Brian C. Holling, C. S. TI Barriers and bridges to the integration of social-ecological resilience and law SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REGIME SHIFTS; ECOSYSTEM; GOVERNANCE; DEAD AB There is a fundamental difference between the ways in which ecologists and lawyers view uncertainty: in the study of ecology, uncertainty provides a catalyst for exploration, whereas uncertainty is antithetical to the rule of law. This issue is particularly troubling in environmental management, where the tensions between law and ecology become apparent. Rather than acknowledge uncertainties in management actions, legal frameworks often force a false sense of certainty in linking cause and effect. While adaptive management has been developed to deal with uncertainty, laws and legal wrangling can be obstacles to implementation. In this article, we recommend resilience-based governance "adaptive governance" as a means to begin bridging the gap between law and ecology. C1 [Green, Olivia Odom] Atlantic States Legal Fdn, Syracuse, NY 13204 USA. [Garmestani, Ahjond S.; Chaffin, Brian C.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. [Gunderson, Lance H.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ruhl, J. B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Law, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. [Arnold, Craig A.] Univ Louisville, Brandeis Sch Law, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Arnold, Craig A.] Univ Louisville, Dept Urban & Publ Affairs, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Graham, Nicholas A. J.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Cosens, Barbara] Univ Idaho, Coll Law, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden. [Holling, C. S.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Green, OO (reprint author), Atlantic States Legal Fdn, Syracuse, NY 13204 USA. EM ogreen@aslf.org RI Graham, Nicholas/C-8360-2014 FU US Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska Lincoln; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; August T Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences FX The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not represent the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. This research was conducted with the support of two postdoctoral appointments to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory: one administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and one by the National Research Council Research Associateship Program. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the US Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska Lincoln, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Funding was provided by the August T Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. We thank T Eason for helpful comments. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 29 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 13 IS 6 BP 332 EP 337 DI 10.1890/140294 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO6NM UT WOS:000359273400018 ER PT J AU Jones-Lepp, TL Taniguchi-Fu, RL Morgan, J Nance, T Ward, M Alvarez, DA Mills, L AF Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Taniguchi-Fu, Randi L. Morgan, Jade Nance, Trevor, Jr. Ward, Matthew Alvarez, David A. Mills, Lesley TI Developing analytical approaches to explore the connection between endocrine-active pharmaceuticals in water to effects in fish SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aromatase inhibitors; Tamoxifen; Tamoxifen metabolites; LC-MS/MS; Environmental chemistry ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AROMATASE INHIBITOR LETROZOLE; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; WASTE-WATER; ANTICANCER DRUGS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SURFACE WATERS; ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS; TAMOXIFEN; CONTAMINANTS AB The emphasis of this research project was to develop and optimize a solid-phase extraction method and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method, such that a linkage between the detection of endocrine-active pharmaceuticals (EAPs) in the aquatic environment and subsequent effects on fish populations could eventually be studied. Four EAPs were studied: tamoxifen (TAM), exemestane (EXE), letrozole (LET), anastrozole (ANA); and three TAM metabolites: 4-hydroxytamoxifen, e/z endoxifen, and n-desmethyl tamoxifen. In aqueous matrices, the use of isotopically labeled standards for the EAPs allowed for the generation of good recoveries, greater than 80 %, and low relative standard deviations (% RSDs) (3 to 27 %). TAM metabolites had lower recoveries in the spiked water matrices: 35 to 93 % in waste/source water compared to 58 to 110 % in DI water. The precision in DI water was acceptable ranging from 8 to 38 % RSD. However, the precision in real environmental wastewaters could be poor, ranging from 15 to 120 % RSD, dependent upon unique matrix effects. In plasma, the overall recoveries of the EAPs were acceptable: 88 to 110 %, with %RSDs of 6 to 18 % (Table 3). The spiked recoveries of the TAM metabolites from plasma were good, ranging from 77 to 120 %, with %RSDs ranging from 27 to 32 %. Two of the TAM metabolites, 4-hydroxytamoxifen and n-desmethyl tamoxifen, were confirmed in most of the environmental aqueous samples. The discovery of TAM metabolites demonstrates that the source of the TAM metabolites, TAM, is constant, introducing a pseudo-persistence of this chemical into the environment. C1 [Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.; Taniguchi-Fu, Randi L.; Morgan, Jade; Nance, Trevor, Jr.; Ward, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Mills, Lesley] US EPA, Natl Human Hlth & Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Jones-Lepp, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM jones-lepp.tammy@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 407 IS 21 BP 6481 EP 6492 DI 10.1007/s00216-015-8813-0 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CN7WV UT WOS:000358646400021 PM 26077747 ER PT J AU Young, D Clinton, P Specht, D Collura, TCM AF Young, David Clinton, Patrick Specht, David Collura, T. Chris Mochon TI Comparison of non-native dwarf eelgrass (Zostera japonica) and native eelgrass (Zostera marina) distributions in a northeast Pacific estuary: 1997-2014 SO BOTANICA MARINA LA English DT Article DE estuary; expansion; northeastern Pacific; Zostera japonica; Zostera marina ID SEAGRASS ZOSTERA; INTRODUCED SEAGRASS; INFAUNAL INVERTEBRATES; COASTAL ESTUARIES; CARCINUS-MAENAS; USA ESTUARY; L.; HABITAT; GROWTH; BAY AB In this study, we investigated the rate and pattern of expansion of a non-native eelgrass, Zostera japonica, in relation to the distribution of the native eelgrass Zostera marina in a coastal estuary of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The distributions of the Zostera congeners were monitored between 1997 and 2014 in Yaquina Estuary on the central Oregon coast, USA, using digital classification of color infrared aerial photographs and ground surveys. Correction factors for seasonal variations in cover were obtained to normalise the annual photo survey results to a common date (mid-August). Major expansions in the distributions of Z. japonica meadows over most of the 17-year study period were observed. However, there was no indication that the large (similar to 1500%) increase in areal extent of Z. japonica in the lower estuary between 1997 and 2007 was accompanied by a change in areal extent of the native Z. marina in this system. C1 [Young, David; Clinton, Patrick; Specht, David; Collura, T. Chris Mochon] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Young, D (reprint author), US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM young.david@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The aerial photography surveys were conducted by Bergman Photographic (Portland, OR). Personnel of EPA Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch (PCEB, Newport, OR) and Dynamac, Inc., (Newport, OR) assisted in the seasonal and accuracy assessment surveys. We thank Dr. James Power (EPA PCEB, Newport, OR) for his direction in data management and analysis, and Dr. Cheryl Brown, Dr. Ted DeWitt, Christina Folger, Dr. James Kaldy, Dr. Henry Lee II, Dr. Walt Nelson and Dr. Jody Stecher (EPA PCEB, Newport, OR) for their guidance and assistance during this study. We also thank Prof. Jennifer Ruesink (U. of Washington, Seattle) and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments on this manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 31 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0006-8055 EI 1437-4323 J9 BOT MAR JI Bot. Marina PD AUG PY 2015 VL 58 IS 4 BP 239 EP 250 DI 10.1515/bot-2014-0088 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CN4OH UT WOS:000358409200001 ER PT J AU Sivaganesan, M Siefring, S Varma, M Haugland, RA AF Sivaganesan, Mano Siefring, Shawn Varma, Manju Haugland, Richard A. TI Comparison of Enterococcus quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis results from Midwest U.S. river samples using EPA Method 1611 and Method 1609 PCR reagents (vol 101, pg 9, 2014) SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Correction C1 [Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Siefring, Shawn; Varma, Manju; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD AUG PY 2015 VL 115 BP 166 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.06.001 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA CN7PB UT WOS:000358625400029 ER PT J AU Colledge, MA Julian, JR Gocheva, VV Beseler, CL Roels, HA Lobdell, DT Bowler, RM AF Colledge, Michelle A. Julian, Jaime R. Gocheva, Vihra V. Beseler, Cheryl L. Roels, Harry A. Lobdell, Danelle T. Bowler, Rosemarie M. TI Characterization of air manganese exposure estimates for residents in two Ohio towns SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; NEUROMOTOR FUNCTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; WORKERS; COMMUNITY; WELDERS; NEUROTOXICITY; ENVIRONMENT; DYSFUNCTION; DIOXIDE AB This study was conducted to derive receptor-specific outdoor exposure concentrations of total suspended particulate (TSP) and respirable (d(ae) 10 mu m) air manganese (air-Mn) for East Liverpool and Marietta (Ohio) in the absence of facility emissions data, but where long-term air measurements were available. Our site-surface area emissions method used U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) AERMOD (AMS/EPA Regulatory Model) dispersion model and air measurement data to estimate concentrations for residential receptor sites in the two communities. Modeled concentrations were used to create ratios between receptor points and calibrated using measured data from local air monitoring stations. Estimated outdoor air-Mn concentrations were derived for individual study subjects in both towns. The mean estimated long-term air-Mn exposure levels for total suspended particulate were 0.35 g/m(3) (geometric mean [GM]) and 0.88 g/m(3) (arithmetic mean [AM]) in East Liverpool (range: 0.014-6.32 g/m(3)) and 0.17 g/m(3) (GM) and 0.21 g/m(3) (AM) in Marietta (range: 0.03-1.61 g/m(3)). Modeled results compared well with averaged ambient air measurements from local air monitoring stations. Exposure to respirable Mn particulate matter (PM10; PM <10 m) was higher in Marietta residents.Implications: Few available studies evaluate long-term health outcomes from inhalational manganese (Mn) exposure in residential populations, due in part to challenges in measuring individual exposures. Local long-term air measurements provide the means to calibrate models used in estimating long-term exposures. Furthermore, this combination of modeling and ambient air sampling can be used to derive receptor-specific exposure estimates even in the absence of source emissions data for use in human health outcome studies. C1 [Colledge, Michelle A.] Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Julian, Jaime R.] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA. [Gocheva, Vihra V.; Bowler, Rosemarie M.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Beseler, Cheryl L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Psychol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Roels, Harry A.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain Ctr Toxicol & Appl Pharmacol, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. [Lobdell, Danelle T.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Colledge, MA (reprint author), Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Reg 5,77 W Jackson Blvd,Room 413,MS ATSD 4J, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. EM mcolledge@cdc.gov FU United States Federal Government FX This work was funded by the United States Federal Government. The views, findings, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 65 IS 8 BP 948 EP 957 DI 10.1080/10962247.2015.1040525 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN8CG UT WOS:000358664500007 PM 26211636 ER PT J AU Hoyt, D Raun, LH AF Hoyt, Daniel Raun, Loren H. TI Measured and estimated benzene and volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions at a major US refinery/chemical plant: Comparison and prioritization SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ALKENES; TEXAS AB Estimates of emissions for processes and point sources at petroleum refineries and chemical plants provide the foundation for many other environmental evaluations and policy decisions. The most commonly used method, based on emission factors, results in unreliable estimates. More information regarding the actual emissions within a facility is necessary to provide a foundation for improving emission factors and prioritizing which emission factors most need improvement. Identification of which emission factors both perform poorly and introduce the largest error is needed to provide such a prioritization. To address this need, benzene and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions within a major chemical plant/refinery were measured and compared with emission factor estimates. The results of this study indicate estimated emissions were never higher and commonly lower than the measured emissions. At one source location, VOC emissions were found to be largely representative of those measured (i.e., the catalytic reformer), but more often, emissions were significantly underestimated (e.g., up to 448 times greater than estimated at a floating roof tank). The sources with both the largest relative error between the estimate and the measurement and the largest magnitude of emissions in this study were a wastewater treatment process, an aromatics concentration unit and benzene extraction unit process area, and two sets of tanks (sets 7 and 8). Emission factors for these sources are priorities for further evaluation and improvement in this chemical plant/refinery. This study presents empirical data that demonstrate the need to validate and improve emission factors. Emission factors needing improvement are prioritized by identifying those that are weak models and introduce the largest error in magnitude of emissions. The results can also be used to prioritize evaluations of the emissions sources and controls, and any operational conditions or erroneous assumptions that may be contributing to the error.Implications: Emissions measured at processes and point sources at a major petrochemical plant complex were compared to emission factor estimates. The results of this study indicate estimated emissions were never higher and commonly lower than the measured emissions. The comparison was used to prioritize emission factors needing improvement by identifying those that were weak representations and that introduce the largest error in emissions. The results can also be used to prioritize evaluations of the emissions sources and controls, and any operational conditions or erroneous assumptions that may be contributing to the error. C1 [Hoyt, Daniel] US EPA, Air Enforcement Div, Off Enforcement & Compliance Assurance, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Raun, Loren H.] Rice Univ, Dept Stat, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Raun, Loren H.] Bur Pollut Control Prevent, Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Raun, LH (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Stat, POB 1892,MS 138, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM raun@rice.edu NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 65 IS 8 BP 1020 EP 1031 DI 10.1080/10962247.2015.1058304 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CN8CG UT WOS:000358664500014 PM 26067830 ER PT J AU Gilmour, MI Kim, YH Hays, MD AF Gilmour, M. Ian Kim, Yong Ho Hays, Michael D. TI Comparative chemistry and toxicity of diesel and biomass combustion emissions SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GASOLINE-ENGINE EXHAUSTS; DOWNWIND COAL EMISSIONS; CENTER NERC EXPERIMENT; WOOD-SMOKE EXPOSURE; CUT LUNG SLICES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; IN-VITRO; MASS-SPECTROMETRY C1 [Gilmour, M. Ian; Kim, Yong Ho] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kim, Yong Ho] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Gilmour, MI (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilmour.ian@epa.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 407 IS 20 BP 5869 EP 5875 DI 10.1007/s00216-015-8797-9 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CN4AS UT WOS:000358371200002 PM 26072208 ER PT J AU Simmons, DBD Benskin, JP Cosgrove, JR Duncker, BP Ekman, DR Martyniuk, CJ Sherry, JP AF Simmons, Denina B. D. Benskin, Jonathan P. Cosgrove, John R. Duncker, Bernard P. Ekman, Drew R. Martyniuk, Christopher J. Sherry, James P. TI Omics for aquatic ecotoxicology: Control of extraneous variability to enhance the analysis of environmental effects SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Variability; Systems toxicology; Metabolomics; Proteomics; Transcriptomics ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; RNA-SEQ EXPERIMENTS; FATHEAD MINNOW; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; GENE-EXPRESSION; LABEL-FREE; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; METABOLITE PROFILES; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS AB There are multiple sources of biological and technical variation in a typical ecotoxicology study that may not be revealed by traditional endpoints but that become apparent in an omics dataset. As researchers increasingly apply omics technologies to environmental studies, it will be necessary to understand and control the main source(s) of variability to facilitate meaningful interpretation of such data. For instance, can variability in omics studies be addressed by changing the approach to study design and data analysis? Are there statistical methods that can be employed to correctly interpret omics data and make use of unattributed, inherent variability? The present study presents a review of experimental design and statistical considerations applicable to the use of omics methods in systems toxicology studies. In addition to highlighting potential sources that contribute to experimental variability, this review suggests strategies with which to reduce and/or control such variability so as to improve reliability, reproducibility, and ultimately the application of omics data for systems toxicology. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1693-1704. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Simmons, Denina B. D.; Sherry, James P.] Environm Canada, Emerging Methods Sect, Aquat Contaminants Res Div, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Benskin, Jonathan P.; Cosgrove, John R.] Axys Analyt Serv, Sidney, BC, Canada. [Duncker, Bernard P.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Ekman, Drew R.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA USA. [Martyniuk, Christopher J.] Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Martyniuk, Christopher J.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Simmons, DBD (reprint author), Environm Canada, Emerging Methods Sect, Aquat Contaminants Res Div, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM nina.simmons@ec.gc.ca OI Duncker, Bernard/0000-0002-6055-9522 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); STAGE-GDRI FX The authors acknowledge the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and STAGE-GDRI for funding various fellowships and projects that have collectively generated the information presented. We also thank H. Parikh for his technical support. NR 97 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1693 EP 1704 DI 10.1002/etc.3002 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CN4BM UT WOS:000358373500002 PM 25827364 ER PT J AU Burgess, RM Lohmann, R Schubauer-Berigan, JP Reitsma, P Perron, MM Lefkovitz, L Cantwell, MG AF Burgess, Robert M. Lohmann, Rainer Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P. Reitsma, Pamela Perron, Monique M. Lefkovitz, Lisa Cantwell, Mark G. TI Application of passive sampling for measuring dissolved concentrations of organic contaminants in the water column at three marine superfund sites SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Passive sampling; Bioavailability; Freely dissolved concentration; Superfund program; Dissolved concentration ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; SEDIMENT PORE-WATER; BEDFORD HARBOR; SAMPLERS; BIOAVAILABILITY; POLYETHYLENE; CHEMICALS AB Currently, there is an effort under way to encourage remedial project managers at contaminated sites to use passive sampling to collect freely dissolved concentrations (C-free) of hydrophobic organic contaminants to improve site assessments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of passive sampling for measuring water column C-free for several hydrophobic organic contaminants at 3 US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund sites. Sites investigated included New Bedford Harbor (New Bedford, MA, USA), Palos Verdes Shelf (Los Angeles, CA, USA), and Naval Station Newport (Newport, RI, USA); and the passive samplers evaluated were polyethylene, polydimethylsiloxane-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers, semipermeable membrane devices, and polyoxymethylene. In general, the different passive samplers demonstrated good agreement, with C-free values varying by a factor of 2 to 3. Further, at New Bedford Harbor, where conventional water sample concentrations were also measured (i.e., grab samples), passive sampler-based C-free values agreed within a factor of 2. These findings suggest that all of the samplers were experiencing and measuring similar C-free during their respective deployments. Also, at New Bedford Harbor, a strong log-linear, correlative, and predictive relationship was found between polyethylene passive sampler accumulation and lipid-normalized blue mussel bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (r(2)=0.92, p<0.05). The present study demonstrates the utility of passive sampling for generating scientifically accurate water column C-free values, which is critical for making informed environmental management decisions at contaminated sediment sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1720-1733. Published 2015 SETAC. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Burgess, Robert M.; Cantwell, Mark G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lohmann, Rainer; Reitsma, Pamela] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Reitsma, Pamela] Narragansett Bay Commiss, Providence, RI USA. [Perron, Monique M.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lefkovitz, Lisa] Duxbury Operat, Battelle, Duxbury, MA USA. RP Burgess, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM burgess.robert@epa.gov OI Lohmann, Rainer/0000-0001-8796-3229 NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1720 EP 1733 DI 10.1002/etc.2995 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CN4BM UT WOS:000358373500005 PM 26039657 ER PT J AU Kenow, KP Meyer, MW Rossmann, R Gray, BR Arts, MT AF Kenow, Kevin P. Meyer, Michael W. Rossmann, Ronald Gray, Brian R. Arts, Michael T. TI Influence of in ovo mercury exposure, lake acidity, and other factors on common loon egg and chick quality in Wisconsin SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Common loon; Gavia immer; In ovo exposure; Methylmercury; Mercury ID GAVIA-IMMER CHICKS; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; METHYL MERCURY; SELENIUM CONCENTRATIONS; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; OFFSPRING FITNESS; PARENTAL QUALITY; ACIDIFIED LAKES; AVIAN EMBRYO AB A field study was conducted in Wisconsin (USA) to characterize in ovo mercury (Hg) exposure in common loons (Gavia immer). Total Hg mass fractions ranged from 0.17 mu g/g to 1.23 mu g/g wet weight in eggs collected from nests on lakes representing a wide range of pH (5.0-8.1) and were modeled as a function of maternal loon Hg exposure and egg laying order. Blood total Hg mass fractions in a sample of loon chicks ranged from 0.84 mu g/g to 3.86 mu g/g wet weight at hatch. Factors other than mercury exposure that may have persistent consequences on development of chicks from eggs collected on low-pH lakes (i.e., egg selenium, calcium, and fatty acid mass fractions) do not seem to be contributing to reported differences in loon chick quality as a function of lake pH. However, it was observed that adult male loons holding territories on neutral-pH lakes were larger on average than those occupying territories on low-pH lakes. Differences in adult body size of common loons holding territories on neutral-versus low-pH lakes may have genetic implications for differences in lake-source-related quality (i.e., size) in chicks. The tendency for high in ovo Hg exposure and smaller adult male size to co-occur in low-pH lakes complicates the interpretation of the relative contributions of each to resulting chick quality. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1870-1880. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Kenow, Kevin P.; Gray, Brian R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Meyer, Michael W.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Rhinelander, WI USA. [Rossmann, Ronald] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Arts, Michael T.] Ryerson Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Kenow, KP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM kkenow@usgs.gov OI Kenow, Kevin/0000-0002-3062-5197; Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550 FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; US Environmental Protection Agency; US Geological Survey FX The authors acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance: S.C. Houdek, C.D. Pollentier, T. Daulton, J. Wilson, P. Boma, M. Woodford, and M. Stuber assisted with nest monitoring and egg collection; J. C.Filkins, E.L. Pfeiffer, and B. Raymond conducted laboratory Hg analyses; D. Hoffman provided input on the demethylation findings; and T. Custer provided constructive comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Financial and in-kind support for the present study was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the US Geological Survey. NR 74 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1870 EP 1880 DI 10.1002/etc.3001 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CN4BM UT WOS:000358373500023 PM 26096773 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Shuster, W AF Zhang, Yu Shuster, William TI Detectability and Interpretational Uncertainties: Considerations in Gauging the Impacts of Land Disturbance on Streamflow SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Urbanization; Hydrology; Storm; Sampling; Monitoring; Runoff ID HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; PEAK DISCHARGES; RUNOFF RESPONSE; URBANIZATION; WATER; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS; LIMITS AB Hydrologic impacts of land disturbance and management can be confounded by rainfall variability. As a consequence, attempts to gauge and quantify these effects through streamflow monitoring are typically subject to uncertainties. This paper addresses the quantification and delineation of different sources of how uncertainty is manifested in a long-term hydrologic monitoring study and through two concepts: (1) detectability, i.e., the chance of observing anticipated changes in streamflow following a known change in land cover; and (2) interpretational uncertainty, i.e., the chance of improperly attributing an observed effect to the wrong cause. The paper offers probabilistic interpretation of each concept and illustrates, through a set of hypothetical monitoring experiments, the dependence of these entities on factors such as monitoring duration and the choice of indicators. Central to the experiments is a resampling scheme which randomly redistributes historical rainfall events and thereby generates an ensemble of weather scenarios. The rainfall events are coupled with a hydrologic model to generate of preurbanization and simulated posturbanization runoff events. In each hypothetical monitoring experiment, two indicators, i.e., runoff ratio and scaled peak discharge rates, are computed and compared for designated subsets of the preurbanization and posturbanization rainfall-runoff time series and the outcomes of the experiments are then synthesized to derive the probabilities. The results suggest that (1) the duration of observation very likely enhances detectability but does not necessarily reduce interpretational uncertainties, and (2) extending the duration of baseline monitoring alone yields only a minor decrease in uncertainty. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Zhang, Yu; Shuster, William] US EPA, Natl Risk Assessment Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Assessment Lab, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM yu.zhang@noaa.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 20 IS 8 AR 04014088 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001115 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CN1KB UT WOS:000358177500009 ER PT J AU Chu, CH Chen, SH Wang, QS Langenbach, R Li, H Zeldin, D Chen, SL Wang, SJ Gao, H Lu, RB Hong, JS AF Chu, Chun-Hsien Chen, Shih-Heng Wang, Qingshan Langenbach, Robert Li, Hong Zeldin, Darryl Chen, Shiou-Lan Wang, Shijun Gao, Huiming Lu, Ru-Band Hong, Jau-Shyong TI PGE(2) Inhibits IL-10 Production via EP2-Mediated beta-Arrestin Signaling in Neuroinflammatory Condition SO MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microglia; IL-10; PGE2; COX-2; EP2; beta-arrestin ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PROSTAGLANDIN E-2; GENE-EXPRESSION; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; NADPH-OXIDASE; EP2 RECEPTOR; FACTOR-ALPHA; MOUSE SKIN; IN-VITRO; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AB Regulatory mechanisms of the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in brain inflammatory conditions remain elusive. To address this issue, we used multiple primary brain cell cultures to study the expression of IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-elicited inflammatory conditions. In neuron-glia cultures, LPS triggered well-orchestrated expression of various immune factors in the following order: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), and lastly IL-10, and these inflammatory mediators were mainly produced from microglia. While exogenous application of individual earlier-released pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, or PGE(2)) failed to induce IL-10 expression, removal of LPS from the cultures showed the requirement of continuing presence of LPS for IL-10 expression. Interestingly, genetic disruption of tnf-alpha, its receptors tnf-r1/r2, and cox-2 and pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 activity enhanced LPS-induced IL-10 production in microglia, which suggests negative regulation of IL-10 induction by the earlier-released TNF-alpha and PGE(2). Further studies showed that negative regulation of IL-10 production by TNF-alpha is mediated by PGE(2). Mechanistic studies indicated that PGE(2)-elicited suppression of IL-10 induction was eliminated by genetic disruption of the PGE(2) receptor EP2 and was mimicked by the specific agonist for the EP2, butaprost, but not agonists for the other three EP receptors. Inhibition of cAMP-dependent signal transduction failed to affect PGE(2)-mediated inhibition of IL-10 production, suggesting that a G protein-independent pathway was involved. Indeed, deficiency in beta-arrestin-1 or beta-arrestin-2 abolished PGE(2)-elicited suppression of IL-10 production. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that COX-2-derived PGE(2) inhibits IL-10 expression in brain microglia through a novel EP2- and beta-arrestin-dependent signaling pathway. C1 [Chu, Chun-Hsien; Chen, Shih-Heng; Wang, Qingshan; Wang, Shijun; Gao, Huiming; Hong, Jau-Shyong] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neuropharmacol Sect, Natl Inst Health, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Langenbach, Robert] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Natl Inst Health, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Zeldin, Darryl] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Natl Inst Health, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Chen, Shiou-Lan] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Dept Neurol, Sch Med, Kaohsiung 80780, Taiwan. [Wang, Shijun] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Gao, Huiming] Nanjing Univ, Model Anim Res Ctr, Nanjing 210061, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Gao, Huiming] Nanjing Univ, MOE Key Lab Model Anim Dis Study, Nanjing 210061, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ Hosp, Inst Behav Med, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Inst Allied Hlth Sci, Coll Med, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Addict Res Ctr, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Psychiat, Coll Med & Hosp, Tainan 70428, Taiwan. RP Gao, H (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Model Anim Res Ctr, 12 Xuefu Rd, Nanjing 210061, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM gaohm@nju.edu.cn; rblu@mail.ncku.edu.tw FU NIH/NIEHS [ES090082, ES025043]; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Jiangsu Province of China FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH/NIEHS (ES090082; ES025043), the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the award to high-level innovative and entrepreneurial talents of Jiangsu Province of China. We thank Anthony Lockhart for the assistance with animal colony management and maintenance of the timed pregnant mice. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0893-7648 EI 1559-1182 J9 MOL NEUROBIOL JI Mol. Neurobiol. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 52 IS 1 BP 587 EP 600 DI 10.1007/s12035-014-8889-0 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA CN3QO UT WOS:000358341600052 PM 25218510 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Microplastics in the environment SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM glaser.john@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD AUG PY 2015 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1383 EP 1391 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-1007-9 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CN0GE UT WOS:000358091300002 ER PT J AU Shuster, WD Garmestani, AS AF Shuster, William D. Garmestani, Ahjond S. TI Adaptive exchange of capitals in urban water resources management: an approach to sustainability? SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Water resources; Exchange of capitals; Adaptive management; Green infrastructure ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; RESILIENCE; GOVERNANCE; STORMWATER; CITIES; FRAMEWORK; DESIGN; AREAS; CITY AB With water availability increasingly restricted by deficiencies in quality and quantity, water resources management is a central issue in planning for sustainability in the Anthropocene. In this paper, we first offer a definition of sustainability based on the ease with which capitals (e.g., natural resource, social, cultural, financial, etc.) can be exchanged or substituted, and apply this to urban water resources management. We then examine barriers to the free exchange of capitals that can hinder the realization of sustainable water resources management and show how these barriers may be recognized and reduced through targeted data collection campaigns that are used to inform adaptation strategies. Next, we discuss the possibility of internalizing costs previously externalized to the environment (e.g., combined sewer overflows) through the cultivation of green infrastructure as a generator of ecosystem services, and discuss its pertinence to sustaining the contemporary urban water cycle. Finally, we contend that there will be opportunities to use monitoring data and interpret it in a way that is meaningful for governance and the benefits of gray and green infrastructures arranged in a hybrid fashion. This conclusion underscores the relationship between data that is brought together with social and governance capitals to unleash the potential widespread implementation of green infrastructure, and in support of a governance-level bridge between aging and new infrastructure. C1 [Shuster, William D.; Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Sustainable Environm Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shuster, WD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Sustainable Environm Branch, ML 443,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shuster.william@epa.gov NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD AUG PY 2015 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1393 EP 1400 DI 10.1007/s10098-014-0886-5 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CN0GE UT WOS:000358091300003 ER PT J AU Bourgeois, MZ Cabezas, H Diwekar, U Narodoslawsky, M AF Bourgeois, Marie Zanowick Cabezas, Heriberto Diwekar, Urmila Narodoslawsky, Michael TI 2014 Trans-Atlantic research and development interchange on sustainability (TARDIS 2014): summary of discussions SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Review DE Sustainability; Policy; TARDIS; Workshop AB The Trans-Atlantic research and development interchange on sustainability (TARDIS) has been bringing together a select group of scientists and engineers for in-depth discussions on sustainability on a bi-annual basis since 2004. TARDIS 2014 included 28 individuals from across the globe discussing issues related to progress toward sustainability. The discussion included policies, technologies, societal structure and norms, business practices and culture, and time-frames. As discussed later, the focus was on four questions: (1) what progress has been accomplished in sustainability? (2) Why has there not been more progress in moving societies toward sustainability? (3) What are the road-blocks to progress toward sustainability? (4) What are the policies, technologies, and other changes that are needed to make further progress toward sustainability? One salient conclusion from TARDIS 2014 is that while sustainability has entered mainstream thinking, significant social, economic, technological, and business barriers remain to further progress toward a sustainable path as discussed throughout this report. C1 [Bourgeois, Marie Zanowick] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Cabezas, Heriberto] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Cabezas, Heriberto] Univ Pannonia, Dept Comp Sci & Syst Technol, Veszprem, Hungary. [Diwekar, Urmila] Vishwamitra Res Inst, Chicago, IL 60514 USA. [Narodoslawsky, Michael] Graz Univ Technol, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Cabezas, H (reprint author), Univ Pannonia, Dept Comp Sci & Syst Technol, Veszprem, Hungary. EM Cabezas.Heriberto@epamail.epa.gov FU Austrian Federal Ministry for Science, Research and Economy; US National Science Foundation [CBET 1261650]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Research and Development FX The organizers acknowledge the financial and organizational support of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science, Research and Economy; US National Science Foundation, Grant CBET 1261650; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Research and Development. The organizers also acknowledge the many contributions and enthusiastic participation of the participants who made TARDIS 2014 possible: Lucy Alexander (American Institute of Chemical Engineers, USA), Bhavik Bakshi (Ohio State University, USA), Karolina Begusch-Pfefferkorn (Austrian Federal Government, Austria), Pahola Benavides (Vishwamitra Research Institute, USA), Marie Bourgeois (U.S. EPA, USA), Paul Burger (University of Basel, Switzerland), Heriberto Cabezas (U.S. EPA, USA and University of Pannonia, Hungary), Jim Cheatham (U.S. National Park Service, USA), Anna Crabtree (U.S. Forest Service, USA), Urmila Diwekar (Vishwamitra Research Institute, USA), Neven Duic (University of Zagreb, Croatia), Joshua Farley (University of Vermont, USA), Ahjond Garmestani (U.S. EPA, USA), Peter Glavic (University of Maribor, Slovenia), Michael Gorman (University of Virginia, USA), Diana Hammer (U.S. EPA, USA), Timothy Kranz (University of Redlands, USA), Yoram Krozer (University of Twente, The Netherlands), Eric Lombardi (Eco-Cycle International, USA), Audrey Mayer (Michigan Technological University, USA), Michael Narodoslawsky (Technical University of Graz, Austria), Martin Ogle (Entrepreneurial Earth LLC, USA), Mark Reiner (Non Sequitur LLC, USA), Subhas Sikdar (U.S. EPA, USA), Rajagopalan Srinivasan (Indian Institute of Technology, India), Thomas Theis (University of Illinois at Chicago, USA), Leisha Vance (U.S. EPA, USA) and Petar Varbanov (University of Pannonia, Hungary). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD AUG PY 2015 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1401 EP 1408 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-0924-y PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CN0GE UT WOS:000358091300004 ER PT J AU Kopylev, L Christensen, KY Brown, JS Cooper, GS AF Kopylev, Leonid Christensen, Krista Yorita Brown, James S. Cooper, Glinda S. TI A systematic review of the association between pleural plaques and changes in lung function SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RESOLUTION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ASBESTOS-EXPOSED WORKERS; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; PARENCHYMAL FIBROSIS; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; CEMENT WORKERS; ABNORMALITIES; DISEASES; POPULATION; IMPAIRMENT AB Objectives To conduct a systematic review of changes in lung function in relation to presence of pleural plaques in asbestos-exposed populations. Methods Database searches of PubMed and Web of Science were supplemented by review of papers' reference lists and journals' tables of contents. Methodological features (eg, consideration of potential confounding by smoking) of identified articles were reviewed by >= two reviewers. Meta-analyses of 20 studies estimated a summary effect of the decrements in per cent predicted (% pred) forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) associated with presence of pleural plaques. Results Among asbestos-exposed workers, the presence of pleural plaques was associated with statistically significant decrements in FVC (4.09% pred, 95% CI 2.31 to 5.86) and FEV1 (1.99%pred, 95% CI 0.22 to 3.77). Effects of similar magnitude were seen when stratifying by imaging type (X-ray or high-resolution CT) and when excluding studies with potential methodological limitations. Undetected asbestosis was considered as an unlikely explanation of the observed decrements. Several studies provided evidence of an association between size of pleural plaques and degree of pulmonary decrease, and presence of pleural plaques and increased rate or degree of pulmonary impairment. Conclusions The presence of pleural plaques is associated with a small, but statistically significant mean difference in FVC and FEV1 in comparison to asbestos-exposed individuals without plaques or other abnormalities. From a public health perspective, small group mean decrements in lung function coupled with an increased rate of decline in lung function of the exposed population may be consequential. C1 [Kopylev, Leonid; Christensen, Krista Yorita; Brown, James S.; Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Kopylev, L (reprint author), Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Kopylev.Leonid@epa.gov NR 52 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 72 IS 8 BP 606 EP 614 DI 10.1136/oemed-2014-102468 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CM9IB UT WOS:000358020600012 PM 25504898 ER PT J AU Xue, XB Hawkins, TR Ingwersen, WW Smith, RL AF Xue, Xiaobo Hawkins, Troy R. Ingwersen, Wesley W. Smith, Raymond L. TI Demonstrating an approach for including pesticide use in life-cycle assessment: Estimating human and ecosystem toxicity of pesticide use in Midwest corn farming SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Corn; Ecotoxicity; Human health; Life-cycle assessment; Midwest; Pesticide ID KEY CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; ANALYSIS SENSITIVITY; COSTA-RICA; EMISSIONS; MODEL; ECOTOXICITY; METOLACHLOR; ATRAZINE; IMPACTS; PESTLCI AB This study demonstrates an approach to assess human health and ecotoxicity impacts of pesticide use by including multiple environmental pathways and various exposure routes using the case of corn grown for bio-based fuel or chemical production in US Midwestern states. Multiple tools including an environmental emission model (PestLCI), an impact analysis tool (USEtox), and additional databases were utilized to estimate the state-specific pesticide releases and their associated spatially explicit toxicity in Midwest states. On average, chlorpyrifos and acetochlor exhibit the highest human toxicity potential (HTP) and the highest ecotoxicity potential (ETP) impact scores, respectively. The different ranking orders of pesticides for human health and ecosystem toxicity suggest that there are tradeoffs between these two impact categories. While the air pathway can account for 10-97 % of HTP, the water pathway is the dominating contributor for ETP for most of the pesticides. Moreover, while chlorpyrifos, fipronil, 2,4-d-2-ethylhexyl ester, simazine, and glufosinate-ammonium together account for more than 80 % of HTP per kilogram harvested corn, acetochlor is the dominating contributor in ETP due to its high ecotoxicity characterization factor and high application rates for corn. In addition, the spatial variation analysis shows that South Dakota and Missouri are the states that have the highest HTP (per kg corn), while Kansas exhibits the highest ETP (per kg corn) among Midwest states. HTP and ETP exhibit large variations across various pesticides, US states, and application times. While chemical properties and toxicity characteristics can result in up to five orders of magnitude of variation in HTP and ETP, the rest of the parameters (such as application times, soil properties, and climate conditions) can affect the results by up to two orders of magnitude. C1 [Xue, Xiaobo] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hawkins, Troy R.; Ingwersen, Wesley W.; Smith, Raymond L.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Smith, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM smith.raymond@epa.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 31 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 EI 1614-7502 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1117 EP 1126 DI 10.1007/s11367-015-0902-y PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM2MF UT WOS:000357513700007 ER PT J AU Martin-Mikle, CJ de Beurs, KM Julian, JP Mayer, PM AF Martin-Mikle, Chelsea J. de Beurs, Kirsten M. Julian, Jason P. Mayer, Paul M. TI Identifying priority sites for low impact development (LID) in a mixed-use watershed SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Best management practice; Green infrastructure; Water quality; Urban runoff; Low impact development (LID); Stormwater ID HYDROLOGICALLY SENSITIVE AREAS; URBAN STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; PRECISION CONSERVATION; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; RIPARIAN BUFFERS; UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER; RESTORATION; STREAM; PHOSPHORUS AB Low impact development (LID), a comprehensive land use planning and design approach with the goal of mitigating land development impacts to the environment, is increasingly being touted as an effective approach to lessen runoff and pollutant loadings to streams. Broad-scale approaches for siting LID have been developed for agricultural watersheds, but are rare for urban watersheds, largely due to greater land use complexity. Here, we introduce a spatially-explicit approach to assist landscape architects, urban planners, and water managers in identifying priority sites for LID based exclusively on freely available data. We use a large, mixed-use watershed in central Oklahoma, the United States of America, as a case-study to demonstrate our approach. Our results indicate that for one sub-catchment of the Lake Thunderbird Watershed, LID placed in 11 priority locations can facilitate reductions in nutrient and sediment loading to receiving waters by as much as 16% and 17%, respectively. We had a high rate of correctly identified sites (94 +/- 5.7%). Our systematic and transferable approach for prioritizing LID sites has the potential to facilitate effective implementation of LID to lessen the effects of urban land use on stream ecosystems. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Martin-Mikle, Chelsea J.; de Beurs, Kirsten M.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Julian, Jason P.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Martin-Mikle, CJ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM chelseamikle@gmail.com; kdebeurs@ou.edu; Jason.julian@txstate.edu; mayer.paul@epa.gov OI Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU University of Oklahoma Foundation Fellowship; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency NNEMS Award [2012-301] FX This research was supported by the University of Oklahoma Foundation Fellowship and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency NNEMS Award [2012-301]. The information in this document has been subjected to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Robert Nairn for improving earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 22 U2 139 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD AUG PY 2015 VL 140 BP 29 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.04.002 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA CK3KX UT WOS:000356116100004 ER PT J AU Li, PL Lahvic, JL Binder, V Pugach, EK Riley, EB Tamplin, OJ Panigrahy, D Bowman, TV Barrett, FG Heffner, GC McKinney-Freeman, S Schlaeger, TM Daley, GQ Zeldin, DC Zon, LI AF Li, Pulin Lahvic, Jamie L. Binder, Vera Pugach, Emily K. Riley, Elizabeth B. Tamplin, Owen J. Panigrahy, Dipak Bowman, Teresa V. Barrett, Francesca G. Heffner, Garrett C. McKinney-Freeman, Shannon Schlaeger, Thorsten M. Daley, George Q. Zeldin, Darryl C. Zon, Leonard I. TI Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids enhance embryonic haematopoiesis and adult marrow engraftment SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID STEM-CELLS; AORTIC ENDOTHELIUM; RNA-SEQ; ZEBRAFISH; MIGRATION; RUNX1; TRANSPLANTATION; IDENTIFICATION; REGENERATION; TRANSITION AB Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplant is a widely used treatment for life-threatening conditions such as leukaemia; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating HSPC engraftment of the recipient niche remain incompletely understood. Here we develop a competitive HSPC transplant method in adult zebrafish, using in vivo imaging as a non-invasive readout. We use this system to conduct a chemical screen, and identify epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) as a family of lipids(1,2) that enhance HSPC engraftment. The pro-haematopoietic effects of EETs were conserved in the developing zebrafish embryo, where 11,12-EET promoted HSPC specification by activating a unique activator protein 1 (AP-1) and runx1 transcription program autonomous to the haemogenic endothelium. This effect required the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3) K) pathway, specifically PI(3) K gamma. In adult HSPCs, 11,12-EET induced transcriptional programs, including AP-1 activation, which modulate several cellular processes, such as migration, to promote engraftment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the EET effects on enhancing HSPC homing and engraftment are conserved in mammals. Our study establishes a new method to explore the molecular mechanisms of HSPC engraftment, and discovers a previously unrecognized, evolutionarily conserved pathway regulating multiple haematopoietic generation and regeneration processes. EETs may have clinical application in marrow or cord blood transplantation. C1 [Li, Pulin; Lahvic, Jamie L.; Binder, Vera; Pugach, Emily K.; Riley, Elizabeth B.; Tamplin, Owen J.; Bowman, Teresa V.; Barrett, Francesca G.; Heffner, Garrett C.; Schlaeger, Thorsten M.; Daley, George Q.; Zon, Leonard I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Stem Cell Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Li, Pulin; Lahvic, Jamie L.; Binder, Vera; Pugach, Emily K.; Riley, Elizabeth B.; Tamplin, Owen J.; Bowman, Teresa V.; Barrett, Francesca G.; Heffner, Garrett C.; Schlaeger, Thorsten M.; Daley, George Q.; Zon, Leonard I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Haematol Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Li, Pulin; Lahvic, Jamie L.; Binder, Vera; Pugach, Emily K.; Riley, Elizabeth B.; Tamplin, Owen J.; Bowman, Teresa V.; Barrett, Francesca G.; Heffner, Garrett C.; Schlaeger, Thorsten M.; Daley, George Q.; Zon, Leonard I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Li, Pulin; Zon, Leonard I.] Harvard Univ, Chem Biol Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Binder, Vera] Univ Munich, Dr von Hauner Childrens Hosp, Dept Hematol & Oncol, D-80337 Munich, Germany. [Panigrahy, Dipak] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Ctr Vasc Biol Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [McKinney-Freeman, Shannon] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Haematol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zon, LI (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Stem Cell Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM zon@enders.tch.harvard.edu RI Binder, Vera/N-2078-2015 FU NIH [P50-NS40828, P30-HD18655]; HHMI; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 HL04880, P015PO1HL32262-32, 5P30 DK49216, 5R01 DK53298, 5U01 HL10001-05, R24 DK092760, 1R01HL097794-04]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES025034]; National Cancer Institute [ROCA148633-01A5]; DFG; Care-for-Rare Foundation FX We thank C. R. Lee, M. L. Edin and N. Gray for providing reagents; Y. Zhou, A. Dibiase, S. Yang, S. Datta, P. Manos, R. Mathieu and M. Ammerman for technical assistance; H. Huang for providing graphic illustration; R. M. White, T.E. North and C. Mosimann for discussion. Microarray studies were performed by the Molecular Genetics Core Facility at Boston Children's Hospital, supported by NIH-P50-NS40828 and NIH-P30-HD18655. S. Li in Y. Zhang's laboratory at the Longwood HHMI joint core facility helped with RNA-seq. L.I.Z. and G.Q.D. are Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigators. This work was supported by HHMI and National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01 HL04880, P015PO1HL32262-32, 5P30 DK49216, 5R01 DK53298, 5U01 HL10001-05, R24 DK092760, and 1R01HL097794-04 (to L.I.Z.). This work was also funded, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES025034 to D.C.Z.), the National Cancer Institute grant ROCA148633-01A5 (D.P.), and DFG and Care-for-Rare Foundation (V.B.). NR 38 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 23 PY 2015 VL 523 IS 7561 BP 468 EP U203 DI 10.1038/nature14569 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CN4DD UT WOS:000358378900038 PM 26201599 ER PT J AU Trebitz, AS Hoffman, JC Grant, GW Billehus, TM Pilgrim, EM AF Trebitz, Anett S. Hoffman, Joel C. Grant, George W. Billehus, Tyler M. Pilgrim, Erik M. TI Potential for DNA-based identification of Great Lakes fauna: match and mismatch between taxa inventories and DNA barcode libraries SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; COASTAL WETLANDS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; NORTH-AMERICA; ZOOPLANKTON; SUPERIOR; INVASION; INVERTEBRATES; BIODIVERSITY; ECOLOGY AB DNA-based identification of mixed-organism samples offers the potential to greatly reduce the need for resource-intensive morphological identification, which would be of value both to bioassessment and non-native species monitoring. The ability to assign species identities to DNA sequences found depends on the availability of comprehensive DNA reference libraries. Here, we compile inventories for aquatic metazoans extant in or threatening to invade the Laurentian Great Lakes and examine the availability of reference mitochondrial COI DNA sequences (barcodes) in the Barcode of Life Data System for them. We found barcode libraries largely complete for extant and threatening-to-invade vertebrates (100% of reptile, 99% of fish, and 92% of amphibian species had barcodes). In contrast, barcode libraries remain poorly developed for precisely those organisms where morphological identification is most challenging; 46% of extant invertebrates lacked reference barcodes with rates especially high among rotifers, oligochaetes, and mites. Lack of species-level identification for many aquatic invertebrates also is a barrier to matching DNA sequences with physical specimens. Attaining the potential for DNA-based identification of mixed-organism samples covering the breadth of aquatic fauna requires a concerted effort to build supporting barcode libraries and voucher collections. C1 [Trebitz, Anett S.; Hoffman, Joel C.; Grant, George W.; Billehus, Tyler M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Pilgrim, Erik M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Trebitz, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM trebitz.anett@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA via a Greater Research Opportunities (GRO) internship; U.S. EPA via GG; U.S. EPA via Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) FX We thank Hannah Coe for initial forays into data compilation, and the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office for providing lists of taxa encountered over their sampling programs. This study would not have been possible without access to BOLD and we appreciate the collective scientific effort this database represents. This work was funded by the U.S. EPA, including via a Greater Research Opportunities (GRO) internship for G.W.G. GG and Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) support for T.M.B. TB. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 33 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUL 22 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 12162 DI 10.1038/srep12162 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CN3DJ UT WOS:000358303900001 PM 26199185 ER PT J AU Browne, P Judson, RS Casey, WM Kleinstreuer, NC Thomas, RS AF Browne, Patience Judson, Richard S. Casey, Warren M. Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Thomas, Russell S. TI Screening Chemicals for Estrogen Receptor Bioactivity Using a Computational Model SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; IN-VITRO; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; SCIENTIFIC CONFIDENCE; TOXCAST CHEMICALS; BISPHENOL-A; TOXICITY; ASSAYS; CELLS; PERSPECTIVES AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering high-throughput and Computational Methods to evaluate the endocrine bioactivity of environmental Chemicals. Here we describe a multistep, performance-based validation of new methods and demonstrate that these new tools are sufficiently robust to be used: in the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). Results from 18 estrogen receptor (ER) ToxCast high-throughput screening assays were integrated into a computational model that can discriminate bioactivity from assay-specific interference and cytetoxicity. Model scores range from 0 (no activity) to 1 (bioactivity of 17 beta-estradiol). ToxCast ER model performance was evaluated for reference chemicals, as well as results of EDSP Tier 1 screening assays in current practice. The ToxCast ER model accuracy was 86% to 93% when compared to reference chemicals and predicted results of EDSP Tier 1 guideline and other uterotrophic studies with 84% to 100% accuracy. The performance of high-throughput assays and ToxCast ER model predictions demonstrates that these methods correctly identify active and inactive reference chemical, provide a measure of relative ER bioactivity, and rapidly identify chemicals with potential endocrine bioactivities for additional Screening and testing. EPA is accepting ToxCast ER model data for 1812 chemicals as alternatives for EDSP Tier 1 ER binding,, ER transactivation, and uterotrophic assays. C1 [Browne, Patience] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Judson, Richard S.; Thomas, Russell S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Casey, Warren M.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Browne, P (reprint author), US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM browne.patience@epa.gov OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 NR 46 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 15 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 21 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 14 BP 8804 EP 8814 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b02641 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CN6PY UT WOS:000358557900062 PM 26066997 ER PT J AU Watson, EB Wigand, C Oczkowski, AJ Sundberg, K Vendettuoli, D Jayaraman, S Saliba, K Morris, JT AF Watson, E. B. Wigand, C. Oczkowski, A. J. Sundberg, K. Vendettuoli, D. Jayaraman, S. Saliba, K. Morris, J. T. TI Ulva additions alter soil biogeochemistry and negatively impact Spartina alterniflora growth SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Salt marsh; Eutrophic estuary; Salt marsh loss; Allelochemicals; Allelopathy ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; SALT-MARSH; MACROALGAL BLOOMS; VENICE LAGOON; SULFIDE CONCENTRATION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; AMMONIUM TOXICITY; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; SEA-LEVEL; SEDIMENTS AB Decaying mats of Ulva can be washed into salt marshes by the tides as large wrack deposits, especially in eutrophic estuaries, where they can negatively impact marsh vegetation. Using field and laboratory experiments, we examined the effects of decomposing Ulva on Spartina alterniflora growth, soil biogeochemistry and nitrogen dynamics. High levels of Ulva exposure resulted in reductions in above- and belowground biomass, while lower levels of Ulva exposure resulted in reductions in only belowground biomass. Porewater ammonium in soil that contained decomposing Ulva quickly attained potentially toxic levels. In addition, amending soil with Ulva led to elevated porewater concentrations of sulfide and trithiane, an organosulfur compound and potential biocide. Use of a N-15 tracer documented plant uptake of Ulva-derived nitrogen, but higher nitrogen availability did not stimulate growth. Our findings support the hypothesis that decaying Ulva mats may create hotspots of adverse physiochemical conditions in salt marshes. However, because our Ulva additions were higher than typically found in coastal marshes, additional field and laboratory studies are needed to establish more firmly whether similarly adverse responses are observed under natural conditions. C1 [Watson, E. B.; Wigand, C.; Oczkowski, A. J.; Vendettuoli, D.; Jayaraman, S.; Saliba, K.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Sundberg, K.] Univ S Carolina, Baruch Marine Field Lab, Georgetown, SC 29440 USA. [Morris, J. T.] Univ S Carolina, Belle Baruch Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Watson, EB (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Acad Nat Sci, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM elizabeth.b.watson@gmail.com FU US EPA; NSF [OCE 1238212] FX We acknowledge E. Markham, A. Hanson and A. Pivarnik for assistance with field sampling and laboratory processing, and 3 anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. G. Thurby, R. Johnson and P. Pelletier provided helpful input on an earlier version of the manuscript, and K. Wasson, A. Woolfolk, R. Eby and R. Kvist Preisler contributed to helpful discussions. The report is tracking number ORD-007487 of the US EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division. Although the information in this document has been funded by the US EPA, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. The field experiment was partially supported by NSF grant OCE 1238212 to the Marine Biological Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 35 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD JUL 21 PY 2015 VL 532 BP 59 EP 72 DI 10.3354/meps11334 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CN5BW UT WOS:000358445600005 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JJ Golden, HE Knightes, CD Mayer, PM Kaushal, SS Pennino, MJ Arango, CP Balz, DA Elonen, CM Fritz, KM Hill, BH AF Beaulieu, Jake J. Golden, Heather E. Knightes, Christopher D. Mayer, Paul M. Kaushal, Sujay S. Pennino, Michael J. Arango, Clay P. Balz, David A. Elonen, Colleen M. Fritz, Ken M. Hill, Brian H. TI Urban Stream Burial Increases Watershed-Scale Nitrate Export SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEADWATER STREAMS; NITROGEN UPTAKE; ECOSYSTEMS; TRANSFORMATION; URBANIZATION; CONSEQUENCES; RETENTION; REMOVAL; RIVER; SIZE AB Nitrogen (N) uptake in streams is an important ecosystem service that reduces nutrient loading to downstream ecosystems. Here we synthesize studies that investigated the effects of urban stream burial on N-uptake in two metropolitan areas and use simulation modeling to scale our measurements to the broader watershed scale. We report that nitrate travels on average 18 times farther downstream in buried than in open streams before being removed from the water column, indicating that burial substantially reduces N uptake in streams. Simulation modeling suggests that as burial expands throughout a river network, N uptake rates increase in the remaining open reaches which somewhat offsets reduced N uptake in buried reaches. This is particularly true at low levels of stream burial. At higher levels of stream burial, however, open reaches become rare and cumulative N uptake across all open reaches in the watershed rapidly declines. As a result, watershed-scale N export increases slowly at low levels of stream burial, after which increases in export become more pronounced. Stream burial in the lower, more urbanized portions of the watershed had a greater effect on N export than an equivalent amount of stream burial in the upper watershed. We suggest that stream daylighting (i.e., uncovering buried streams) can increase watershed-scale N retention. C1 [Beaulieu, Jake J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Golden, Heather E.; Fritz, Ken M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Pennino, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Pennino, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Arango, Clay P.] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ellensburg, WA USA. [Balz, David A.] Pegasus Tech Serv, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Elonen, Colleen M.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. RP Beaulieu, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM beaulieu.jake@epa.gov OI Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU Environmental Protection Agency National Network for Environmental Management Studies Award [2010309]; National Science Foundation [DGE-1144243, DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA NNX11AM28G]; Maryland Sea Grant Awards [SA7528085-U, R/WS-2, NA05OAR4171042]; Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project [NSF DEB-0423476]; Pegasus Technical Services FX This research was supported by Environmental Protection Agency National Network for Environmental Management Studies Award 2010309, the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE-1144243, National Science Foundation Awards DBI 0640300 and CBET 1058502, National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant NASA NNX11AM28G, Maryland Sea Grant Awards SA7528085-U, R/WS-2 and NA05OAR4171042, and the Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project (NSF DEB-0423476). Pegasus Technical Services provided support in the form of salaries for the author DAB, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of the authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 17 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 7 AR e0132256 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0132256 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CN1RV UT WOS:000358198700032 PM 26186731 ER PT J AU Arzuaga, X Gehlhaus, M Strong, J AF Arzuaga, Xabier Gehlhaus, Martin Strong, Jamie TI Modes of action associated with uranium induced adverse effects in bone function and development SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Uranium; Bone development; Osteotoxicity; Vitamin D ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; DEPLETED URANIUM; URANYL-NITRATE; NATURAL URANIUM; FRACTURE REPAIR; DRINKING-WATER; OSTEOBLASTIC DIFFERENTIATION; ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION; LEAD-EXPOSURE; D METABOLISM AB Uranium, a naturally occurring element used in military and industrial applications, accumulates in the skeletal system of animals and humans. Evidence from animal and in-vitro studies demonstrates that uranium exposure is associated with alterations in normal bone functions. The available studies suggest that upon absorption uranium directly affects bone development and maintenance by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation and normal functions, and indirectly by disrupting renal production of Vitamin D. Animal studies also provide evidence for increased susceptibility to uranium-induced bone toxicity during early life stages. The objective of this review is to provide a summary of uranium-induced bone toxicity and the potential mechanisms by which uranium can interfere with bone development and promote fragility. Since normal Vitamin D production and osteoblast functions are essential for bone growth and maintenance, young individuals and the elderly may represent potentially susceptible populations to uranium-induced bone damage. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Arzuaga, Xabier; Gehlhaus, Martin; Strong, Jamie] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Strong, J (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Strong.Jamie@epa.gov NR 101 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 EI 1879-3169 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2015 VL 236 IS 2 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.006 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CJ7NT UT WOS:000355683700007 PM 25976116 ER PT J AU Vidal, AC Semenova, V Darrah, T Vengosh, A Huang, ZQ King, K Nye, MD Fry, R Skaar, D Maguire, R Murtha, A Schildkraut, J Murphy, S Hoyo, C AF Vidal, Adriana C. Semenova, Viktoriya Darrah, Thomas Vengosh, Avner Huang, Zhiqing King, Katherine Nye, Monica D. Fry, Rebecca Skaar, David Maguire, Rachel Murtha, Amy Schildkraut, Joellen Murphy, Susan Hoyo, Cathrine TI Maternal cadmium, iron and zinc levels, DNA methylation and birth weight SO BMC PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cadmium; Zinc; Genomic imprinting; Epigenetics; Pediatrics; Obesity ID IMPRINT REGULATORY ELEMENTS; EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; COHORT; EXPRESSION; GENES; DEFICIENCY; ABSORPTION; EPIGENOME; PEG3/PW1 AB Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous and environmentally persistent toxic metal that has been implicated in neurotoxicity, carcinogenesis and obesity and essential metals including zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) may alter these outcomes. However mechanisms underlying these relationships remain limited. Methods: We examined whether maternal Cd levels during early pregnancy were associated with offspring DNA methylation at regulatory sequences of genomically imprinted genes and weight at birth, and whether Fe and Zn altered these associations. Cd, Fe and Zn were measured in maternal blood of 319 women <= 12 weeks gestation. Offspring umbilical cord blood leukocyte DNA methylation at regulatory differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of 8 imprinted genes was measured using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Regression models were used to examine the relationships among Cd, Fe, Zn, and DMR methylation and birth weight. Results: Elevated maternal blood Cd levels were associated with lower birth weight (p = 0.03). Higher maternal blood Cd levels were also associated with lower offspring methylation at the PEG3 DMR in females (beta = 0.55, se = 0.17, p = 0.05), and at the MEG3 DMR in males (beta = 0.72, se = 0.3, p = 0.08), however the latter association was not statistically significant. Associations between Cd and PEG3 and PLAGL1 DNA methylation were stronger in infants born to women with low concentrations of Fe (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our data suggest the association between pre-natal Cd and offspring DNA methylation at regulatory sequences of imprinted genes may be sex- and gene-specific. Essential metals such as Zn may mitigate DNA methylation response to Cd exposure. Larger studies are required. C1 [Vidal, Adriana C.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Semenova, Viktoriya; Skaar, David; Maguire, Rachel; Hoyo, Cathrine] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Human Hlth & Environm, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Semenova, Viktoriya] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Darrah, Thomas] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Div Water Climate & Environm, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Vengosh, Avner] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Huang, Zhiqing; Nye, Monica D.; Murphy, Susan] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [King, Katherine] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Nye, Monica D.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Fry, Rebecca] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Murtha, Amy] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [King, Katherine; Schildkraut, Joellen] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community & Family Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [King, Katherine; Schildkraut, Joellen] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Duke Canc Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Hoyo, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Human Hlth & Environm, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM choyo@ncsu.edu RI Darrah, Tom/I-2253-2016 FU National Institutes of Health grants [ES016772, ES005948]; National Children's Study Placental Consortium (NCS Formative Research Project) [LOI2-BIO-18, NIH: NO1-HD-5-3422]; ORISE Fellowship FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants ES016772 and ES005948 and greatly benefited from funding by the National Children's Study Placental Consortium (NCS Formative Research Project LOI2-BIO-18) to THD (NIH: NO1-HD-5-3422) and an ORISE Fellowship to KK. This work does not represent the official view of the US EPA. We thank Carole Grenier, Erin Erginer, Allison Barratt, Cara Davis, and Alissa White for excellent technical support. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2050-6511 J9 BMC PHARMACOL TOXICO JI BMC Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD JUL 15 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 20 DI 10.1186/s40360-015-0020-2 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CM7DM UT WOS:000357850600001 PM 26173596 ER PT J AU Miller, DB Karoly, ED Jones, JC Ward, WO Vallanat, BD Andrews, DL Schladweiler, MC Snow, SJ Bass, VL Richards, JE Ghio, AJ Cascio, WE Ledbetter, AD Kodavanti, UP AF Miller, Desinia B. Karoly, Edward D. Jones, Jan C. Ward, William O. Vallanat, Beena D. Andrews, Debora L. Schladweiler, Mette C. Snow, Samantha J. Bass, Virginia L. Richards, Judy E. Ghio, Andrew J. Cascio, Wayne E. Ledbetter, Allen D. Kodavanti, Urmila P. TI Inhaled ozone (O-3)-induces changes in serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiles in rats SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Ozone; Metabolic syndrome; Serum metabolomic; Stress response ID AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BROWN-NORWAY RATS; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; FINE PARTICLES; EXPOSURE; INFLAMMATION; STRESS AB Air pollution has been linked to increased incidence of diabetes. Recently, we showed that ozone (O-3) induces glucose intolerance, and increases serum leptin and epinephrine in Brown Norway rats. In this study, we hypothesized that O-3 exposure will cause systemic changes in metabolic homeostasis and that serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiling will provide mechanistic insights. In the first experiment, male Wistar Kyoto (WRY) rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or O-3 at 0.25, 0.50, or 1.0 ppm, 6 h/day for two days to establish concentration-related effects on glucose tolerance and lung injury. In a second experiment, rats were exposed to FA or 1.0 ppm O-3, 6 h/day for either one or two consecutive days, and systemic metabolic responses were determined immediately after or 18 h post-exposure. O-3 increased serum glucose and leptin on day 1. Glucose intolerance persisted through two days of exposure but reversed 18 h-post second exposure. O-3 increased circulating metabolites of glycolysis, long-chain free fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids and cholesterol, while 1,5-anhydroglucitol, bile acids and metabolites of TCA cycle were decreased, indicating impaired glycemic control, proteolysis and lipolysis. Liver gene expression increased for markers of glycolysis, TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis, and decreased for markers of steroid and fat biosynthesis. Genes involved in apoptosis and mitochondrial function were also impacted by O-3. In conclusion, short-term O-3 exposure induces global metabolic derangement involving glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, typical of a stress-response. It remains to be examined if these alterations contribute to insulin resistance upon chronic exposure. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Miller, Desinia B.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Karoly, Edward D.; Jones, Jan C.] Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Ward, William O.; Vallanat, Beena D.; Andrews, Debora L.] US EPA, Res Cores Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schladweiler, Mette C.; Snow, Samantha J.; Richards, Judy E.; Ghio, Andrew J.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bass, Virginia L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, MD B105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov OI Bass, Virginia/0000-0001-6219-2448; Snow, Samantha/0000-0003-1812-8582 FU University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill's Initiative for Maximizing Diversity (IMSD) grant [5R25GM055336]; US-EPA-University of North Carolina-Co-Operative Trainee Agreement [CR-83515201]; NIEHS Toxicology Training Grant [T32 ES007126] FX We would like to thank Beth Owens, Barbara Buckley and Christopher Gordon of the US EPA for their critical review of the manuscript We thank Mr. Dock Terrell of the U.S. EPA for conducting O3 exposures. This research was supported by the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill's Initiative for Maximizing Diversity (IMSD) grant (5R25GM055336), US-EPA-University of North Carolina-Co-Operative Trainee Agreement (#CR-83515201) and NIEHS Toxicology Training Grant (T32 ES007126). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JUL 15 PY 2015 VL 286 IS 2 BP 65 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.025 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CK3MG UT WOS:000356119600001 PM 25838073 ER PT J AU Brooks, JR AF Brooks, J. Renee TI Water, bound and mobile SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ISOTOPES C1 US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Brooks, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM brooks.reneej@epa.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 2015 VL 349 IS 6244 BP 138 EP 139 DI 10.1126/science.aac4742 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CM4OM UT WOS:000357664300021 PM 26160930 ER PT J AU Schivley, G Ingwersen, WW Marriott, J Hawkins, TR Skone, TJ AF Schivley, Greg Ingwersen, Wesley W. Marriott, Joe Hawkins, Troy R. Skone, Timothy J. TI Identifying/Quantifying Environmental Trade-offs Inherent in GHG Reduction Strategies for Coal-Fired Power SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTION; METHANE LEAKAGE; NATURAL-GAS; AIR-QUALITY; BIOMASS; EMISSIONS; LIFE; US; ELECTRICITY; LCA AB Improvements to coal power plant technology and the cored combustion :of biomass promise direct greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions for existing coal-fired power plants. Questions remain as to what the reduction potentials are from a life cycle perspective and if it will result in unintended increases in impacts to air and water quality and human health. This study provides a Unique analysis of the potential environmental impact reductions froth upgrading existing subcritical pulverized coal power plants to increase their efficiency, improving environmental controls, cofiring biomass, and exporting steam for industrial use. The climate impacts are examined in both a traditional-100 year GWP-method and a time series analysis that accounts for emission and uptake timing over the life of the power plant. Compared to fleet average pulverized bed boilers (33% efficiency), we find that circulating fluidized bed boilers (39% efficiency) may provide GHG reductions of about 13% when using 100% coal and reductions of about 20-37% when cofiring with 30% biomass. Additional greenhouse gas reductions from combined heat and power are minimal if the steam coproduct displaces steam from an efficient natural gas boiler. These upgrades and cofiring biomass can also reduce other life cycle impacts, although there may be increased impacts to water quality (eutrophication) when using biomass from an intensely cultivated source. Climate change impacts are sensitive to the timing of emissions and carbon sequestration as well as the time horizon over which impacts are considered, particularly for long growth woody biomass. C1 [Schivley, Greg; Marriott, Joe] Booz Allen Hamilton, Pittsburgh, PA 15220 USA. [Ingwersen, Wesley W.; Hawkins, Troy R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Skone, Timothy J.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Schivley, G (reprint author), Booz Allen Hamilton, Pittsburgh, PA 15220 USA. EM schivley_greg@bah.com OI Schivley, Greg/0000-0002-8947-694X FU Air, Climate, and Energy Research Program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development; Booz Allen Hamilton under DOE NETL [DE-FE0004001] FX We thank Chris Sherry, Greg Cooney, Matt Jamieson, James Littlefield, Francesco Cherubini, Rebecca Dodder, Carlos Nunez, and Michael Gonzalez for their assistance and insight. Research support provided by the Air, Climate, and Energy Research Program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. This work was performed as a collaboration between EPA NRML and DOE NETL staff with support from Booz Allen Hamilton under DOE NETL Contract Number DE-FE0004001. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 7 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 13 BP 7562 EP 7570 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b01118 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM6ZN UT WOS:000357840300010 PM 26001040 ER PT J AU Walters, DM Raikow, DF Hammerschmidt, CR Mehling, MG Kovach, A Oris, JT AF Walters, David M. Raikow, David F. Hammerschmidt, Chad R. Mehling, Molly G. Kovach, Amanda Oris, James T. TI Methylmercury Bioaccumulation in Stream Food Webs Declines with Increasing Primary Production SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; MERCURY BIOACCUMULATION; INORGANIC MERCURY; ACCUMULATION; FISH; PERIPHYTON; RIVERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; CONTAMINATION AB Opposing hypotheses posit that increasing primary productivity should result in either greater or lesser contaminant accumulation in stream food webs. We conducted an experiment to evaluate primary productivity effects on MeHg accumulation in stream consumers. We varied light for 16 artificial streams creating a productivity gradient (oxygen production =0.048-0.71 mg O-2 L-1 d(-1)) among streams, Two-level food webs were established consisting of phytoplankton/filter feeding clam, periphyton/grazing snail, and leaves/shredding amphipod (Hyalella azteca). Phytoplankton and periphyton biomass, along with MeHg removal from the water column, increased significantly with productivity, but MeHg concentrations in these primary producer declined. Methylmercury concentrations in clams and snails also declined with productivity, and consumer concentrations were strongly correlated with MeHg concentrations in primary producers. Heterotroph biomass on leaves, MeHg in leaves, and MeHg in Hyalella were unrelated to stream productivity. Our results support the hypothesis that contaminant bioaccumulation declines with stream primary production via the mechanism of bloom dilution (MeHg burden per cell decreases in algal blooms), extending patterns of contaminant accumulation documented in lakes to lotic systems. C1 [Walters, David M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Raikow, David F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hammerschmidt, Chad R.] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Mehling, Molly G.; Kovach, Amanda; Oris, James T.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Walters, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM waltersd@usgs.gov FU EPA [EP08D000131] FX This experiment was conducted at Miami University under EPA contract EP08D000131. R. Otter helped design the mesocosm facility and the experiment, K. Bowman, S. Heinig, and R. Weller assisted with MeHg analyses, M. Anacker helped maintain the experiment, T. Schmidt provided statistical support, and J. Wesner provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was subjected to USGS review and approved for publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 7 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 13 BP 7762 EP 7769 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00911 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM6ZN UT WOS:000357840300033 PM 26018982 ER PT J AU Sharma, V Jordan, JJ Ciribilli, Y Resnick, MA Bisio, A Inga, A AF Sharma, Vasundhara Jordan, Jennifer J. Ciribilli, Yari Resnick, Michael A. Bisio, Alessandra Inga, Alberto TI Quantitative Analysis of NF-kappa B Transactivation Specificity Using a Yeast-Based Functional Assay SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; DNA-BINDING; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; RESPONSE ELEMENTS; IN-VIVO; P53; COMPLEX; PROTEINS; PARTHENOLIDE; SEQUENCES AB The NF-kappa B transcription factor family plays a central role in innate immunity and inflammation processes and is frequently dysregulated in cancer. We developed an NF-kappa B functional assay in yeast to investigate the following issues: transactivation specificity of NF-kappa B proteins acting as homodimers or heterodimers; correlation between transactivation capacity and in vitro DNA binding measurements; impact of co-expressed interacting proteins or of small molecule inhibitors on NF-kappa B-dependent transactivation. Full-length p65 and p50 cDNAs were cloned into centromeric expression vectors under inducible GAL1 promoter in order to vary their expression levels. Since p50 lacks a transactivation domain (TAD), a chimeric construct containing the TAD derived from p65 was also generated (p50TAD) to address its binding and transactivation potential. The p50TAD and p65 had distinct transactivation specificities towards seventeen different kappa B response elements (kappa B-REs) where single nucleotide changes could greatly impact transactivation. For four kappa B-REs, results in yeast were predictive of transactivation potential measured in the human MCF7 cell lines treated with the NF-kappa B activator TNF alpha. Transactivation results in yeast correlated only partially with in vitro measured DNA binding affinities, suggesting that features other than strength of interaction with naked DNA affect transactivation, although factors such as chromatin context are kept constant in our isogenic yeast assay. The small molecules BAY11-7082 and ethyl-pyruvate as well as expressed IkB alpha protein acted as NF-kappa B inhibitors in yeast, more strongly towards p65. Thus, the yeast-based system can recapitulate NF-kappa B features found in human cells, thereby providing opportunities to address various NF-kappa B functions, interactions and chemical modulators. C1 [Sharma, Vasundhara; Jordan, Jennifer J.; Ciribilli, Yari; Bisio, Alessandra; Inga, Alberto] Univ Trento, Lab Transcript Networks, Ctr Integrat Biol CIBIO, Trento, Italy. [Resnick, Michael A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Chromosome Stabil Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Bisio, A (reprint author), Univ Trento, Lab Transcript Networks, Ctr Integrat Biol CIBIO, Trento, Italy. EM bisio@science.unitn.it; inga@science.unitn.it OI sharma, vineet/0000-0002-2958-6215 FU intramural project "ADARE" (NIH) [RFA RM 06 004]; Italian Association for Cancer Research, AIRC [IG 12869] FX This work was funded by intramural project "ADARE" to MAR and Jonathan Freedman (NIH, RFA RM 06 004) and partially supported by the Italian Association for Cancer Research, AIRC (IG 12869 to AI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 6 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 7 AR e0130170 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0130170 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CN1DQ UT WOS:000358157600031 PM 26147604 ER PT J AU Druwe, I Freudenrich, TM Wallace, K Shafer, TJ Mundy, WR AF Druwe, Ingrid Freudenrich, Theresa M. Wallace, Kathleen Shafer, Timothy J. Mundy, William R. TI Sensitivity of neuroprogenitor cells to chemical-induced apoptosis using a multiplexed assay suitable for high-throughput screening SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neuroprogenitor cells; Apoptosis; In vitro models; High throughput screening; Developmental neurotoxicity ID NEURAL STEM-CELLS; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; IN-VITRO; HIGH SUSCEPTIBILITY; ALTERNATIVE METHODS; PROGENITOR CELLS; TOXICITY; DEATH; EXPRESSION; CYCLE AB High-throughput methods are useful for rapidly screening large numbers of chemicals for biological activity, including the perturbation of pathways that may lead to adverse cellular effects. In vitro assays for the key events of neurodevelopment, including apoptosis, may be used in a battery of tests for detecting chemicals that could result in developmental neurotoxicity. Apoptosis contributes to nervous system development by regulating the size of the neuroprogenitor cell pool, and the balance between cellular proliferation and apoptosis during neuroprogenitor cell proliferation helps to determine the size and shape of the nervous system. Therefore, chemicals that affect apoptosis during neuronal development can have deleterious effects on the developing brain. The present study examined the utility of a high-throughput assay to detect chemical-induced apoptosis in mouse or human neuroprogenitor cells, as well as differentiated human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Apoptosis was assessed using an assay that measures enzymatic activity of caspase-3/7 in a rapid and cost efficient manner. The results show that all three commercially available models generated a robust source of proliferating neuroprogenitor cells, and that the assay was sensitive and reproducible when used in a multi-well plate format. There were differences in the response of rodent and human neuroprogenitor cells to a set of chemicals previously shown to induce apoptosis in vitro. Neuroprogenitor cells were more sensitive to chemical-induced apoptosis than differentiated neurons, suggesting that neuroprogenitor cells are one of the cell models that should be considered for use in a developmental neurotoxicity screening battery. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Druwe, Ingrid] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Druwe, Ingrid; Freudenrich, Theresa M.; Wallace, Kathleen; Shafer, Timothy J.; Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mundy, WR (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, B105-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mundy.william@epa.gov FU Cellular Dynamics International FX The authors wish to thank Drs. Keith Houck and Stephanie Padilla for their comments and suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript. iCell neurons and growth media were provided by Cellular Dynamics International as part of an Innovative Research Grant to I. Druwe. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 3 PY 2015 VL 333 BP 14 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2015.03.011 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CL8MG UT WOS:000357228200002 PM 25841707 ER PT J AU Kraft, AD AF Kraft, Andrew D. TI The use of glial data in human health assessments of environmental contaminants SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Neurotoxicity; Glia; Risk assessment; Chemical; Environmental health; Astrocyte; Glia in human health assessments ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BRAIN-INJURY; MEDIATED NEUROTOXICITY; MICROGLIAL RESPONSE; REACTIVE ASTROCYTES; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VIVO; CELLS; DISEASE; CNS AB Central nervous system (CNS) glia (i.e., astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) are essential for maintaining neuronal homeostasis, and they orchestrate an organized cellular response to CNS injury. In addition to their beneficial roles, studies have demonstrated that disrupted glial function can have disastrous consequences on neuronal health. While effects on neuron-supportive glia are important to consider when evaluating neurotoxicity risk, interpreting glial changes is not always straightforward, particularly when attempting to discern pro-neurotoxic phenotypes from homeostatic processes or adaptive responses. To better understand how glia have been characterized and used in human health assessments of environmental contaminants (e.g., chemicals), an evaluation of all finalized assessments conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's influential Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program between 1987 and 2013 was performed. Human health assessments to date have placed a clear emphasis on the neuronal cell response to potential toxicants, although more recent assessments increasingly include descriptions of glial changes. However, these descriptions are generally brief and non-specific, and they primarily consist of documenting gliosis following overt neuronal injury. As research interest in this topic continues to increase, methods for evaluating changes in glia continue to be expanded and refined, and assessors' confidence in the reliability of these data is likely to rise. Thus, glial data are anticipated to have an increasingly influential impact on the interpretation of neurotoxicity risk and underlying mechanisms. As our understanding of the complex roles these cells play grows, this knowledge is expected to support the inclusion of more extensive and specific descriptions of glial changes, including informed interpretations of the potential impact on CNS health, in future human health assessments. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Kraft, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM kraft.andrew@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Environmental Assessment FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Environmental Assessment. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to disclose, financial or otherwise. The author would like to thank Drs. Bob Sonawane, Barbara Glenn, Mary Ross, and Samantha Jones at the U.S. EPA for their careful review of this article. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 3 PY 2015 VL 333 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2015.04.011 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CL8MG UT WOS:000357228200013 PM 25912087 ER PT J AU Docherty, KS Lewandowski, M Jimenez, JL AF Docherty, Kenneth S. Lewandowski, Michael Jimenez, Jose L. TI Effect of Vaporizer Temperature on Ambient Non-Refractory Submicron Aerosol Composition and Mass Spectra Measured by the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC AEROSOLS; COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES; VOLATILITY MEASUREMENTS; PARTICLE COMPOSITION; COMPONENTS; PRESSURES; SECONDARY; SYSTEM; PHASE; FIELD AB Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS) are routinely operated with a constant vaporizer temperature (T-vap) of 600 degrees C in order to facilitate quantitative detection of non-refractory submicron (NR-PM1) species. By analogy with other thermal desorption instruments, systematically varying T-vap may provide additional information regarding NR-PM1 chemical composition and relative volatility, and was explored during two ambient studies. The performance of the AMS generally and the functional integrity of the vaporizer were not negatively impacted during vaporizer temperature cycling (VTC) periods. NR-PM1 species signals change substantially as T-vap decreases with that change being consistent with previous relative volatility measurements: large decreases in lower volatility components (e.g., sulfate, organic aerosol [OA]) with little, if any, decrease in higher volatility components (e.g., nitrate, ammonium) as T-vap decreases. At T-vap < 600 degrees C, slower evaporation was observed as a shift in particle time-of-flight distributions and an increase in "particle beam blocked" (background) concentrations. Some chemically reduced (i.e., CxHy+) OA ions at higher m/z are enhanced at lower T-vap, indicating that this method may improve the analysis of some chemically reduced OA systems. The OA spectra changes dramatically with T-vap; however, the observed trends cannot easily be interpreted to derive volatility information. Reducing T-vap increases the relative O:C and CO2+, contrary to what is expected from measured volatility. This is interpreted as continuing decomposition of low volatility species that decreases more slowly (as T-vap decreases) than does the evaporation of reduced species. The reactive vaporizer surface and the inability to reach T-vap much below 200 degrees C of the standard AMS limit the ability of this method to study the volatility of oxidized OA species. Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research C1 [Docherty, Kenneth S.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Docherty, Kenneth S.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Docherty, Kenneth S.] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lewandowski, Michael] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jimenez, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Room 318,UCB 216,CIRES Bldg, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM jose.jimenez@colorado.edu RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008 OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847 FU NSF [AGS-1243354, AGS-1360834]; NOAA OGP [NA13OAR4310063]; DOE BER/ASR [DE-SC0011105]; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-10-070] FX This work was partially supported by NSF AGS-1243354 and AGS-1360834, NOAA OGP NA13OAR4310063, and DOE BER/ASR DE-SC0011105. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-10-070 to Alion Science and Technology, Inc. It has been subject to agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUL 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 7 BP 485 EP 494 DI 10.1080/02786826.2015.1042100 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ1PS UT WOS:000355256700003 ER PT J AU Ryu, H Cashdollar, JL Fout, GS Schrantz, KA Hayes, S AF Ryu, Hodon Cashdollar, Jennifer L. Fout, G. Shay Schrantz, Karen A. Hayes, Samuel TI Applicability of integrated cell culture quantitative PCR (ICC-qPCR) for the detection of infectious adenovirus type 2 in UV disinfection studies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE UV disinfection; Integrated cell culture quantitative PCR; adenovirus type 2 ID COMPARATIVE INACTIVATION; ENTERIC ADENOVIRUSES; PHOTOCATALYTIC INACTIVATION; ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION; SWIMMING POOL; WATER; VIRUSES; GASTROENTERITIS; ENTEROVIRUSES; QUANTIFICATION AB Practical difficulties of the traditional adenovirus infectivity assay such as intensive labor requirements and longer turnaround period limit the direct use of adenovirus as a testing microorganism for systematic, comprehensive disinfection studies. In this study, we attempted to validate the applicability of integrated cell culture quantitative PCR (ICC-qPCR) as an alternative to the traditional cell culture method with human adenovirus type 2 (HAdV2) in a low-pressure UV disinfection study and to further optimize the procedures of ICC-qPCR for 24-well plate format. The relatively high stability of the hexon gene of HAdV2 was observed after exposure to UV radiation, resulting in a maximum gene copy reduction of 0.5 log(10) at 280 mJ cm(-2). Two-day post-inoculation incubation period and a maximum spiking level of 10(5) MPN mL(-1) were selected as optimum conditions of ICC-qPCR with the tested HAdV2. An approximate 1:1 correlation of virus quantities by the traditional and ICC-qPCR cell culture based methods suggested that ICC-qPCR is a satisfactory alternative for practical application in HAdV2 disinfection studies. ICC-qPCR results, coupled with a first-order kinetic model (i.e., the inactivation rate constant of 0.0232cm(2) mJ(-1)), showed that an UV dose of 172 mJ cm(-2) achieved a 4-log inactivation credit for HAdV2. This estimate is comparable to other studies with HAdV2 and other adenovirus respiratory types. The newly optimized ICC-qPCR shows much promise for further study on its applicability of other slow replicating viruses in disinfection studies. C1 [Ryu, Hodon] Pegasus Tech Serv, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Schrantz, Karen A.; Hayes, Samuel] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Cashdollar, Jennifer L.; Fout, G. Shay] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ryu, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab MS681, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ryu.hodon@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, has funded and managed the research described herein. This work has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 EI 1532-4117 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PD JUL 3 PY 2015 VL 50 IS 8 BP 777 EP 787 DI 10.1080/10934529.2015.1019795 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CJ3TU UT WOS:000355407700001 PM 26030683 ER PT J AU Weber, JS Goyne, KW Luxton, TP Thompson, AL AF Weber, John S. Goyne, Keith W. Luxton, Todd P. Thompson, Allen L. TI Phosphate Treatment of Lead-Contaminated Soil: Effects on Water Quality, Plant Uptake, and Lead Speciation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; HEAVY-METAL STABILIZATION; IN-VITRO; SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE; PHOSPHORIC-ACID; QUANTITATIVE SPECIATION; RAINFALL SIMULATOR; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; IMMOBILIZE LEAD; AMENDED SOILS AB Water quality threats associated with using phosphate-based amendments to remediate Pb-contaminated soils are a concern, particularly in riparian areas. This study investigated the effects of P application rates to a Pb-contaminated alluvial soil on Pb and P loss via surface water runoff, Pb accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb; Kentucky 31), and Pb speciation. An alluvial soil was treated with triple superphosphate at P to Pb molar ratios of 0:1 (control), 4:1, 8:1, and 16:1. After a 6-mo reaction period, rainfall simulation (RFS) studies were conducted, followed by tall fescue establishment and a second set of RFS studies (1 yr after treatment). Results from the first RFS study (unvegetated) demonstrated that the total Pb and P concentrations in the effluents of 8:1 and 16:1 (P: Pb molar ratio) treatment levels were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than the control. One year after P treatment and 6 mo after vegetation establishment, total P and Pb concentrations of the effluents from a second RFS decreased by one to three orders of magnitude. Total and dissolved P concentration in runoff from the 16:1 P:Pb treatment remained significantly greater than all other treatments. However, total Pb concentration in the runoff was comparable among the treatments. Phosphorus treatment also reduced Pb uptake into tall fescue by > 55%. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy data showed that pyromorphite [Pb-5(PO4)(3) OH, Cl, F] abundance ranged from 0% (control) to 32% (16:1 P:Pb; 1 yr after treatment) of the total soil Pb. Although P treatment stimulated pyromorphite formation, pyromorphite abundance was comparable between the P-treated soils. These findings suggest that a 4:1 (P:Pb molar ratio) P treatment may be a sufficient means of reducing Pb bioavailability while minimizing concerns related to P loss in an alluvial setting. C1 [Weber, John S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, MO Field Off, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Weber, John S.; Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Luxton, Todd P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Thompson, Allen L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Bioengn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Weber, JS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, MO Field Off, 101 Pk DeVille Dr,Suite A, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM John_S_Weber@fws.gov FU Missouri Trustee Council for Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration; Byron Barnes Endowment to the University of Missouri's Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences; USDA NIFA Hatch Formula Funding FX The authors thank Dr. Kirk Scheckel of the USEPA and the employees of Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory for their assistance. This work was partially funded by the Missouri Trustee Council for Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration, the Byron Barnes Endowment to the University of Missouri's Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, and USDA NIFA Hatch Formula Funding provided to the University of Missouri. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the State of Missouri, the USEPA, or the funding agencies/sources. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1127 EP 1136 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.10.0447 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CQ8JC UT WOS:000360852600011 PM 26437094 ER PT J AU Hopton, ME Berland, A AF Hopton, Matthew E. Berland, Adam TI Calculating Puerto Rico's Ecological Footprint (1970-2010) Using Freely Available Data SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE ecological footprint; biocapacity; sustainability; regional assessment; Puerto Rico ID REGIONAL SUSTAINABILITY; LAND-DEVELOPMENT; URBAN; TIME; INDICATOR; ACCOUNTS; METRICS AB Ecological Footprint Analysis (EFA) is appealing as a metric of sustainability because it is straightforward in theory and easy to conceptualize. However, EFA is difficult to implement because it requires extensive data. A simplified approach to EFA that requires fewer data can serve as a perfunctory analysis allowing researchers to examine a system with relatively little cost and effort. We examined whether a simplified approach using freely available data could be applied to Puerto Rico, a densely populated island with limited land resources. Forty-one years of data were assembled to compute the ecological footprint from 1970 to 2010. According to EFA, individuals in Puerto Rico were moving toward sustainability over time, as the per capita ecological footprint decreased from 3.69 ha per capita (ha/ca) in 1970 to 3.05 ha/ca in 2010. However, due to population growth, the population's footprint rose from 1.00 x 10(7) ha in 1970 to 1.14 x 10(7) ha in 2010, indicating Puerto Rico as a whole was moving away from sustainability. Our findings demonstrate the promise for conducting EFA using a simplified approach with freely available data, and we discuss potential limitations on data quality and availability that should be addressed to further improve the science. C1 [Hopton, Matthew E.; Berland, Adam] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hopton, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hopton.matthew@epa.gov; amberland@bsu.edu RI Berland, Adam/E-3639-2013; OI Berland, Adam/0000-0003-0473-6405; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU National Research Council Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research would not have been possible without the assistance of the PR Governor's Office, PR Planning Board, PR Environmental Quality Board, PR Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, USDA-Forest Service, EPA, and their faithful public servants at each of these agencies for directing us to or providing data for the calculations made here. Special thanks goes out to D. Diaz, E. Diaz, L. Bernal, G. Cortes, D. Cuevas, P. Crumley, D. Delgado, J. Font, P. Gelabert, W. Gould, B. Gonzalez, E. Hernandez, P. Nieves, C. Paniagua, C. Restrepo, A. Rios, L. Santiago, C. Soderberg, L. Torres, S. Van Bloem, H. Velez, and all of the participants at the "Quantifying Sustainability in Puerto Rico: A Scientific Discussion" workshop (this list is by no means exhaustive and we regret if we inadvertently overlooked anyone). This manuscript was improved by helpful comments from A. Gonzalez, M. Heberling, C. Ma, L. Vance, and anonymous reviewers. The research was conducted while AB held a National Research Council Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JUL PY 2015 VL 7 IS 7 BP 9326 EP 9343 DI 10.3390/su7079326 PG 18 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CQ1JU UT WOS:000360354500063 ER PT J AU Katz, LM Frank, JE Glickman, LT McGwin, G Lambert, BH Gordon, CJ AF Katz, Laurence M. Frank, Jonathan E. Glickman, Lawrence T. McGwin, Gerald, Jr. Lambert, Brice H. Gordon, Christopher J. TI Effect of a pharmacologically induced decrease in core temperature in rats resuscitated from cardiac arrest SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article DE Cardiac arrest; Resuscitation; Hypothermia ID MILD THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA; COMATOSE SURVIVORS; MANAGEMENT; INDUCTION; TRENDS; TRIAL AB Aim: Hypothermia is recommended by international guidelines for treatment of unconscious survivors of cardiac arrest to improve neurologic outcomes. However, temperature management is often underutilized because it may be difficult to implement. The present study evaluated the efficacy of pharmacologically induced hypothermia on survival and neurological outcome in rats resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Methods: Cardiac arrest was induced for 10 min in 120 rats. Sixty-one rats were resuscitated and randomized to normothermia, physical cooling or pharmacological hypothermia 5 min after resuscitation. Pharmacological hypothermia rats received a combination of ethanol, vasopressin and lidocaine (HBN-1). Physical hypothermia rats were cooled with intravenous iced saline and cooling pads. Rats in the pharmacological hypothermia group received HBN-1 at ambient temperature (20 degrees C). Normothermic rats were maintained at 37.3 +/- 0.2 degrees C. Results: HBN-1 (p < 0.0001) shortened the time (85 +/- 71 min) to target temperature (33.5 degrees C) versus physical hypothermia (247 +/- 142 min). The duration of hypothermia was 17.0 +/- 6.8 h in the HBN-1 group and 17.3 +/- 7.5 h in the physical hypothermia group (p = 0.918). Survival (p = 0.034), neurological deficit scores (p < 0.0001) and Morris Water Maze performance after resuscitation (p = 0.041) was improved in the HBN-1 versus the normothermic group. HBN-1 improved survival and early neurological outcome compared to the physical hypothermia group while there was no significant difference in performance in the Morris water maze. Conclusion: HBN-1 induced rapid and prolonged hypothermia improved survival with good neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest suggesting that pharmacologically induced regulated hypothermia may provide a practical alternative to physical cooling. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Katz, Laurence M.; Frank, Jonathan E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Glickman, Lawrence T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [McGwin, Gerald, Jr.; Lambert, Brice H.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Katz, LM (reprint author), Dept Emergency Med, CB 7594,170 Manning Dr Phys Off Bldg First Floor, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM lkatz@med.unc.edu FU National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1R21N5064103-01A1] FX This study was funded by grant 1R21N5064103-01A1 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD JUL PY 2015 VL 92 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.04.009 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA CQ1JD UT WOS:000360352500017 PM 25906943 ER PT J AU Humrighouse, B Pemberton, A Gallardo, V Lindquist, HDA LaBudde, R AF Humrighouse, Ben Pemberton, Adin Gallardo, Vicente Lindquist, H. D. Alan LaBudde, Robert TI A Method Detection Limit for Bacillus anthracis Spores in Water Using an Automated Waterborne Pathogen Concentrator SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; DEAD-END ULTRAFILTRATION; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY; DIVERSE MICROBES; DRINKING-WATER; SAMPLES; SOIL; VIRUSES AB The method detection limit (MDL, 99% chance of detecting a positive result in a single replicate), as per the United States Code of Federal Regulations, was determined for a protocol using an ultrafiltration based automated waterborne pathogen concentration device. Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain spores were seeded at low levels into 100 L reagent water samples. Suspect colonies were confirmed through morphological, chemical, and genetic tests. Samples of 100 L (n = 14) of reagent water were seeded with five B. anthracis CFUs each. To confirm the estimated detection limit, a second set (n = 19) of 100 L reagent water samples were seeded at a higher level (7 CFUs). The second estimate of the MDL could not be pooled with the first, due to significant difference in variance. A third trial (n = 7) seeded with 10 CFUs produced an estimate of the MDL that could be pooled with the higher previous estimate. Another trial consisting of eight 100 L samples of tap water were seeded with approximately 7 CFUs. Recovery in these samples was not significantly different from the pooled MDL. Theoretically a concentration of 4.6 spores/100 L would be required for detection 95% of the time, based on a Poisson distribution. The calculated pooled MDL, based on experimental data was approximately 6 B. anthracis CFU/100 L (95% confidence interval 4.8 to 8.4). Detection at this level was achieved in municipal water samples. C1 [Humrighouse, Ben; Pemberton, Adin] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Gallardo, Vicente; Lindquist, H. D. Alan] US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [LaBudde, Robert] Least Cost Formulat Ltd, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 USA. [LaBudde, Robert] Old Dominion Univ, Virginia Beach, VA 23453 USA. RP Humrighouse, B (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, 46 East Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. EM vkk7@cdc.gov FU EPA, through its Office of Research and Development; Pegasus Technical Services Inc. [EP-C-05-056] FX The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, sponsored the research described herein and funded this research partially through a contract with Pegasus Technical Services Inc. Contract No. EP-C-05-056. This manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication. Note that approval for publication does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency. The Agency does not approve or recommend the use of any commercial products or services. Trade names are used for identification purposes only and do not reflect any endorsement or recommendation of suitability for use. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 98 IS 4 BP 1003 EP 1012 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.12-461 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA CO9QD UT WOS:000359509500024 PM 26268983 ER PT J AU Sauer, JM Hartung, T Leist, M Knudsen, TB Hoeng, J Hayes, AW AF Sauer, John Michael Hartung, Thomas Leist, Marcel Knudsen, Thomas B. Hoeng, Julia Hayes, A. Wallace TI Systems Toxicology: The Future of Risk Assessment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE systems toxicology; risk assessment ID THOUGHT; MODELS; FOOD AB Risk assessment, in the context of public health, is the process of quantifying the probability of a harmful effect to individuals or populations from human activities. With increasing public health concern regarding the potential risks associated with chemical exposure, there is a need for more predictive and accurate approaches to risk assessment. Developing such an approach requires a mechanistic understanding of the process by which xenobiotic substances perturb biological systems and lead to toxicity. Supplementing the shortfalls of traditional risk assessment with mechanistic biological data has been widely discussed but not routinely implemented in the evaluation of chemical exposure. These mechanistic approaches to risk assessment have been generally referred to as systems toxicology. This Symposium Overview article summarizes 4 talks presented at the 35th Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology. C1 [Sauer, John Michael] Predict Safety Testing Consortium, Crit Path Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Leist, Marcel] Univ Konstanz, Constance, Germany. [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hoeng, Julia] Philip Morris Int R&D, Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Hayes, A. Wallace] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hayes, A. Wallace] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Hayes, AW (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth, Andover, MA 01810 USA. EM awallacehayes@comcast.net RI Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010 OI Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693 FU Philip Morris International RD FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Symposium was funded by an educational donation provided by Philip Morris International R&D NR 16 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 EI 1092-874X J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 34 IS 4 BP 346 EP 348 DI 10.1177/1091581815576551 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CO8FJ UT WOS:000359401300007 PM 25804424 ER PT J AU Uno, Y Kojima, H Omori, T Corvi, R Honma, M Schechtman, LM Tice, RR Burlinson, B Escobar, PA Kraynak, AR Nakagawa, Y Nakajima, M Pant, K Asano, N Lovell, D Morita, T Ohnob, Y Hayashi, M AF Uno, Yoshifumi Kojima, Hajime Omori, Takashi Corvi, Raffaella Honma, Masamistu Schechtman, Leonard M. Tice, Raymond R. Burlinson, Brian Escobar, Patricia A. Kraynak, Andrew R. Nakagawa, Yuzuki Nakajima, Madoka Pant, Kamala Asano, Norihide Lovell, David Morita, Takeshi Ohnob, Yasuo Hayashi, Makoto TI JaCVAM-organized international validation study of the in vivo rodent alkaline comet assay for the detection of genotoxic carcinogens: I. Summary of pre-validation study results SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Comet assay; Validation study; In vivo; Rodent; Genotoxicity; JaCVAM ID DNA-DAMAGE; ADDUCT FORMATION; ACRYLAMIDE; RATS; RECOMMENDATIONS; RADIATION; REPAIR; VITRO AB The in vivo rodent alkaline comet assay (comet assay) is used internationally to investigate the in vivo genotoxic potential of test chemicals. This assay, however, has not previously been formally validated. The Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM), with the cooperation of the U.S. NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM)/the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM), the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), and the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society/Mammalian Mutagenesis Study Group (JEMS/MMS), organized an international validation study to evaluate the reliability and relevance of the assay for identifying genotoxic carcinogens, using fiver and stomach as target organs. The ultimate goal of this validation effort was to establish an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline. The purpose of the pre-validation studies (i.e., Phase 1 through 3), conducted in four or five laboratories with extensive comet assay experience, was to optimize the protocol to be used during the definitive validation study. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Uno, Yoshifumi] Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Chiba, Japan. [Kojima, Hajime; Honma, Masamistu; Morita, Takeshi; Ohnob, Yasuo] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Omori, Takashi] Kobe Univ Hosp, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Omori, Takashi] Doshisha Univ, Kyoto 602, Japan. [Corvi, Raffaella] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Schechtman, Leonard M.] Innovat Toxicol Consulting LLC, Lake Worth, FL USA. [Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Burlinson, Brian] Huntingdon Life Sci, Huntingdon, Cambs, England. [Escobar, Patricia A.] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceut Inc, Ridgefield, CT USA. [Kraynak, Andrew R.] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA. [Nakagawa, Yuzuki] Hatano Res Inst, Food Drug Safety Ctr, Kanagawa, Japan. [Nakajima, Madoka] Univ Shizuoka, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan. [Pant, Kamala] BioReliance, Rockville, MD USA. [Asano, Norihide] Kinki Univ, Osaka, Japan. [Lovell, David] Univ London, London, England. [Hayashi, Makoto] Biosafety Res Ctr Foods Drugs & Pesticides, Shizuoka, Japan. RP Uno, Y (reprint author), Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Chiba, Japan. EM Uno.Yoshifumi@ma.mt-pharma.co.jp FU Ja-CVAM, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare; JEMS/MMS FX This validation effort was conducted by financial support of JaCVAM, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and JEMS/MMS. We are most grateful to all colleagues of testing laboratories for their excellent technical assistance for validation experiments. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 EI 1879-3592 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 786 SI SI BP 3 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.04.011 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CO9MY UT WOS:000359501100003 PM 26212293 ER PT J AU Morita, T Uno, Y Honma, M Kojima, H Hayashi, M Tice, RR Corvi, R Schechtman, L AF Morita, Takeshi Uno, Yoshifumi Honma, Masamitsu Kojima, Hajime Hayashi, Makoto Tice, Raymond R. Corvi, Raffaella Schechtman, Leonard TI The JaCVAM international validation study on the in vivo comet assay: Selection of test chemicals SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE JaCVAM; Validation study; In vivo comet assay; Chemical selection ID UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; DISCRIMINATE RODENT CARCINOGENS; MARROW MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY; COLLABORATIVE STUDY-GROUP; VITRO GENOTOXICITY TESTS; MUTAGENICITY STUDY-GROUP; MOUSE MUTATION ASSAY; CENTER-DOT-MMS; BONE-MARROW; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD AB The Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM) sponsored an international prevalidation and validation study of the in vivo rat alkaline pH comet assay. The main objective of the study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the assay for correctly identifying genotoxic carcinogens, as compared with the traditional rat liver unscheduled DNA synthesis assay. Based on existing carcinogenicity and genotoxicity data and chemical class information, 90 chemicals were identified as primary candidates for use in the validation study. From these 90 chemicals, 46 secondary candidates and then 40 final chemicals were selected based on a sufficiency of carcinogenic and genotoxic data, differences in chemical class or genotoxic or carcinogenic mode of action (MOA), availability, price, and ease of handling. These 40 chemicals included 19 genotoxic carcinogens, 6 genotoxic non-carcinogens, 7 non-genotoxic carcinogens and 8 non-genotoxic non-carcinogens. "Genotoxicity" was defined as positive in the Ames mutagenicity test or in one of the standard in vivo genotoxicity tests (primarily the erythrocyte micronucleus assay). These chemicals covered various chemicals classes, MOAs, and genotoxicity profiles and were considered to be suitable for the purpose of the validation study. General principles of chemical selection for validation studies are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Morita, Takeshi; Honma, Masamitsu; Kojima, Hajime] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1588501, Japan. [Uno, Yoshifumi] Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co, Safety Res Labs, Chiba 2920818, Japan. [Kojima, Hajime] JaCVAM, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1588501, Japan. [Hayashi, Makoto] Publ Interest Inc Fdn, BioSafety Res Ctr, Iwata, Shizuoka 4371213, Japan. [Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Corvi, Raffaella] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, European Union Reference Lab Alternat Methods Ani, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Schechtman, Leonard] Innovat Toxicol Consulting LLC, Lake Worth, FL 33467 USA. RP Morita, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Setagaya Ku, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Tokyo 1588501, Japan. EM morita-tk@nihs.go.jp FU Health and Labor Sciences Research Grant [H18-Chemical-General-003, H21-Chemical-General-004] FX This work was supported by the Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants (H18-Chemical-General-003 and H21-Chemical-General-004). NR 121 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 EI 1879-3592 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 786 SI SI BP 14 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.03.004 PG 31 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CO9MY UT WOS:000359501100004 PM 26212294 ER PT J AU Wallace, K Strickland, JD Valdivia, P Mundy, WR Shafer, TJ AF Wallace, Kathleen Strickland, Jenna D. Valdivia, Pablo Mundy, William R. Shafer, Timothy J. TI A multiplexed assay for determination of neurotoxicant effects on spontaneous network activity and viability from microelectrode arrays SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microelectrode array; Multiplexed assay; Screening ID CELL DERIVED CARDIOMYOCYTES; NEURONAL NETWORKS; IN-VITRO; LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE; MULTIELECTRODE ARRAYS; ALAMAR BLUE; 21ST-CENTURY; QUANTIFICATION; PROLIFERATION; RECORDINGS AB Microelectrode array (MEA) recordings are increasingly being used as an in vitro method to detect and characterize the ability of drugs, chemicals and particles to cause neurotoxicity. While compound effects on spontaneous network activity are easily determined by MEA recordings, compound cytotoxicity is not routinely assessed, particularly within the same network from which recordings are collected. With the advent of higher-throughput 48 and 96 well MEA systems, rapid and simple methods to measure compound effects on cell health are required to facilitate efficient compound screening using MEAs. The present experiments sought to develop a multiplexed approach that allows measurement of network activity and cell health in the same MEA well. Primary cultures from rat cortex were exposed to six different compounds (glyphosate, beta-cyfluthrin, domoic acid, tributyltin, lindane and fipronil). Effects of these compounds (0.03-100 mu M) on spontaneous network activity (mean firing rate; MFR), cellular metabolic activity (Cell Titer Blue (TM) (CTB) assay) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were determined in the same well following a 60-min exposure. Glyphosate elicited no effect on MFR, LDH release or CTB reduction. Tributyltin caused concomitant decreases in MFR and CTB reduction and increases LDH release, while domoic acid and beta-cyfluthrin decreased MFR in a concentration-dependent manner without altering either LDH release or CTB reduction. By contrast, lindane and fipronil did not alter LDH release or CTB reduction, but caused biphasic alterations in MFR, with increases in MFR at lower concentrations followed by decreases at higher concentrations. These results demonstrate a simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of test compound effects on spontaneous electrical activity and cell health from the same network, and will facilitate rapid screening of compounds for potential neurotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wallace, Kathleen; Mundy, William R.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Strickland, Jenna D.; Valdivia, Pablo] Axion Biosyst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shafer, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Off Res & Dev, MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shafer.tim@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Axion Biosystems [644-11]; US Environmental Protection Agency [644-11] FX Preparation of this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This document has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This work was supported in part by Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) 644-11 between Axion Biosystems and the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X EI 1872-9711 J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUL PY 2015 VL 49 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.05.007 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CO5DQ UT WOS:000359180200010 PM 26027956 ER PT J AU Bowler, RM Kornblith, ES Gocheva, VV Colledge, MA Bollweg, G Kim, Y Beseler, CL Wright, CW Adams, SW Lobdell, DT AF Bowler, Rosemarie M. Kornblith, Erica S. Gocheva, Vihra V. Colledge, Michelle A. Bollweg, George Kim, Yangho Beseler, Cheryl L. Wright, Chris W. Adams, Shane W. Lobdell, Danelle T. TI Environmental exposure to manganese in air: Associations with cognitive functions SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Neuropsychology; Cognitive function; Environmental; Air ID CHILDRENS INTELLECTUAL FUNCTION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SIGNAL INTENSITIES; MEXICAN CHILDREN; DRINKING-WATER; OHIO COMMUNITY; BRIDGE WELDERS; MOTOR; WORKERS; NEUROTOXICITY AB Manganese (Mn), an essential element, can be neurotoxic in high doses. This cross-sectional study explored the cognitive function of adults residing in two towns (Marietta and East Liverpool, Ohio, USA) identified as having high levels of environmental airborne Mn from industrial sources. Air-Mn site surface emissions method modeling for total suspended particulate (TSP) ranged from 0.03 to 1.61 mu g/m(3) in Marietta and 0.01-6.32 mu g/m(3) in East Liverpool. A comprehensive screening test battery of cognitive function, including the domains of abstract thinking, attention/concentration, executive function and memory was administered. The mean age of the participants was 56 years (+/- 10.8 years). Participants were mostly female (59.1) and primarily white (94.6%). Significant relationships (p < 0.05) were found between Mn exposure and performance on working and visuospatial memory (e.g., Rey-O Immediate beta = -0.19, Rey-O Delayed beta = -0.16) and verbal skills (e.g., Similarities beta = -0.19). Using extensive cognitive testing and computer modeling of 10-plus years of measured air monitoring data, this study suggests that long-term environmental exposure to high levels of air-Mn, the exposure metric of this paper, may result in mild deficits of cognitive function in adult populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bowler, Rosemarie M.; Gocheva, Vihra V.; Wright, Chris W.; Adams, Shane W.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Kornblith, Erica S.] Alliant Int Univ, Calif Sch Profess Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94133 USA. [Colledge, Michelle A.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Bollweg, George] US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Kim, Yangho] Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Ulsan Univ Hosp, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Ulsan 682060, South Korea. [Beseler, Cheryl L.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lobdell, Danelle T.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bowler, RM (reprint author), 8371 Kent Dr, El Cerrito, CA 94530 USA. EM rbowl@sfsu.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [83416001]; EPA [EP-11-D-000424, EP-13-D-000146] FX The research described here has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement number 83416001 to San Francisco State University (Marietta study) and EPA Contracts EP-11-D-000424 and EP-13-D-000146 (East Liverpool study). NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X EI 1872-9711 J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUL PY 2015 VL 49 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.06.004 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CO5DQ UT WOS:000359180200017 PM 26096496 ER PT J AU Boehlert, B Fitzgerald, E Neumann, JE Strzepek, KM Martinich, J AF Boehlert, Brent Fitzgerald, Ellen Neumann, James E. Strzepek, Kenneth M. Martinich, Jeremy TI Effects of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation on Drought Impacts in the United States SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Economic value; Societal impacts ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER LEVELS; RECREATION; MODEL; US; 21ST-CENTURY; AGRICULTURE; INDEXES; YIELDS AB The authors present a method for analyzing the economic benefits to the United States resulting from changes in drought frequency and severity due to global greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. The method begins by constructing reduced-form models of the effect of drought on agriculture and reservoir recreation in the contiguous United States. These relationships are then applied to drought projections based on two climate stabilization scenarios and two twenty-first-century time periods. Drought indices are sector specific and include both the standardized precipitation index and the Palmer drought severity index. It is found that the modeled regional effects of drought on each sector are negative, almost always statistically significant, and often large in magnitude. These results confirm that drought has been an important driver of historical reductions in economic activity in these sectors. Comparing a reference climate scenario to two GHG mitigation scenarios in 2050 and 2100, the authors find that, for the agricultural sector, mitigation reduces both drought incidence and damages through its effects on temperature and precipitation, despite regional differences in the sign and magnitude of effects under certain model scenarios. The current annual damages of drought across all sectors have been estimated at $6-$8 billion (U.S. dollars), but this analysis shows that average annual benefits of GHG mitigation to the U.S. agricultural sector alone reach $980 million by 2050 and upward of $2.2 billion by 2100. Benefits to reservoir recreation depend on reservoir location and data availability. Economic benefits of GHG mitigation are highest in the southwestern United States, where drought frequency is projected to increase most dramatically in the absence of GHG mitigation policies. C1 [Boehlert, Brent; Fitzgerald, Ellen; Neumann, James E.] Ind Econ Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Boehlert, Brent; Strzepek, Kenneth M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Boehlert, B (reprint author), Ind Econ Inc, 2067 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. EM bboehlert@indecon.com OI , /0000-0001-9494-785X; Boehlert, Brent/0000-0003-2540-4143 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Climate Change Division [EP-D-09-054] FX We acknowledge the financial support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Climate Change Division (Contract EP-D-09-054) and access to agricultural output and reservoir visitation datasets from USDA ERS and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Technical contributions were provided by Robert Paterson, Adam Patisteas, and Lisa Rennels. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1948-8327 EI 1948-8335 J9 WEATHER CLIM SOC JI Weather Clim. Soc. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 7 IS 3 BP 255 EP 272 DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-14-00020.1 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CP0XG UT WOS:000359599500005 ER PT J AU Winebrake, JJ Green, EH Corner, B Li, C Froman, S Shelby, M AF Winebrake, James J. Green, Erin H. Corner, Bryan Li, Chi Froman, Sarah Shelby, Michael TI Fuel price elasticities in the US combination trucking sector SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Freight transportation; Heavy-duty vehicles; Environmental policy; Fuel price elasticity; Rebound effect ID ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORT; COMPETITIVE MARKETS; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; GASOLINE DEMAND; INDUSTRY; METAANALYSIS; CONSUMPTION; BEHAVIOR; POLICIES; MODEL AB This paper estimates fuel price elasticities of combination trucking operations in the United States between 1970 and 2012. We evaluate trucking operations in terms of vehicle miles traveled and fuel consumption for combination trucks. Our explanatory variables include measures of economic activity, energy prices, and indicator variables that account for important regulatory shifts and changes in data collection and reporting in national transportation datasets. Our results suggest that fuel price elasticities in the United States' trucking sector have shifted from an elastic environment in the 1970s to a relatively inelastic environment today. We discuss the importance of these results for policymakers in light of new policies that aim to limit energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty vehicles. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Winebrake, James J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Green, Erin H.; Corner, Bryan] Energy & Environm Res Associates, Rochester, NY USA. [Li, Chi] US EPA, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Froman, Sarah; Shelby, Michael] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Winebrake, JJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, 1 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM jjwgpt@rit.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors are grateful for comments received from anonymous reviewers, as well as from colleagues including Bharat Bhole, Michael McWilliams, and Gloria Helfand. This work was partially funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed by the authors in this article are theirs alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 38 BP 166 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2015.04.006 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA CO0AJ UT WOS:000358812100016 ER PT J AU Winebrake, JJ Green, EH Corner, B Li, C Froman, S Shelby, M AF Winebrake, James J. Green, Erin H. Corner, Bryan Li, Chi Froman, Sarah Shelby, Michael TI Fuel price elasticities for single-unit truck operations in the United States SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Freight transportation; Heavy-duty vehicles; Environmental policy; Fuel price elasticity ID ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORT; COMPETITIVE MARKETS; GASOLINE DEMAND; INDUSTRY; METAANALYSIS; CONSUMPTION; EMISSIONS; POLICIES; TIME AB This paper provides fuel price elasticity estimates for single-unit truck activity, where single-unit trucks are defined as vehicles on a single frame with either (1) at least two axles and six tires; or (2) a gross vehicle weight greater than 10,000 lb. Using data from 1980 to 2012, this paper applies first-difference and error correction models and finds that single-unit truck activity is sensitive to certain macroeconomic and infrastructure factors (gross domestic product, lane miles expansion, and housing construction), but is not sensitive to diesel fuel prices. These results suggest that fuel price elasticities of single unit truck activity are inelastic. These results may be used by policymakers in considering policies that have a direct impact on fuel prices, or policies whose effects may be equivalent to fuel price adjustments. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Winebrake, James J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Green, Erin H.; Corner, Bryan] Energy & Environm Res Associates, Rochester, NY USA. [Li, Chi] US EPA, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Froman, Sarah; Shelby, Michael] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Winebrake, JJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, 1 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM jjwgpt@rit.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was partially funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed by the authors in this article are theirs alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 38 BP 178 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2015.05.003 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA CO0AJ UT WOS:000358812100017 ER PT J AU Zhou, QT Driscoll, CT Moore, SE Kulp, MA Renfro, JR Schwartz, JS Cai, MJ Lynch, JA AF Zhou, Qingtao Driscoll, Charles T. Moore, Stephen E. Kulp, Matt A. Renfro, James R. Schwartz, John S. Cai, Meijun Lynch, Jason A. TI Developing Critical Loads of Nitrate and Sulfate Deposition to Watersheds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Acidic deposition; Acidification modeling; Critical loads; Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Watersheds ID INTEGRATED BIOGEOCHEMICAL MODEL; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HARDWOOD FOREST ECOSYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; NITROGEN SATURATION; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; LAND-USE; CHEMISTRY; ACIDIFICATION; SULFUR AB Long-term impacts of acidic deposition on the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) include elevated inputs of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium; the depletion of available nutrient cations from soil; and acidification of high-elevation streams. Critical loads and target loads (CLs/TLs) are useful tools to help guide future air quality management. We evaluated past and potential future effects of nitrate and sulfate deposition for 12 watersheds in the GRSM, USA, using the hydrochemical model, photosynthesis evapotranspiration biogeochemical (PnET-BGC). Two of the streams studied were listed by the state of Tennessee as impaired due to low stream pH. We reconstructed historical meteorological, atmospheric deposition, and land disturbance data for study watersheds for the period 1850 to present for model hindcasts. As future emissions are expected to decline, the model was run under a range of future scenarios from 2008 to 2200 of decreases in sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium and combinations of sulfate and nitrate deposition to estimate CLs and TLs of how watersheds might respond to emission control strategies. Model simulations of stream chemistry generally agreed with long-term (>10 years) observations. Model hindcasts indicate that watersheds in the GRSM are inherently sensitive to acidic deposition. Simulated mean projected stream ANC of 71 mu eq/L (range 32 to 107 mu eq/L) prior to industrial development (similar to 1850) decreases in response to historical acidic deposition to 33 mu eq/L (-13 to 88 mu eq/L) in 2007. Future model projections show that decreases in sulfate deposition result in smaller increases in stream ANC compared with equivalent decreases in nitrate deposition; simultaneous controls on nitrate and sulfate deposition are more effective in ANC increases than individual control of nitrate or sulfate. Although there are no current programs in the USA to control ammonia emissions, model simulations suggest that decreases in ammonium deposition could also help mitigate acidification to a greater extent than equivalent controls on nitrate deposition. C1 [Zhou, Qingtao] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.; Moore, Stephen E.; Kulp, Matt A.; Renfro, James R.] Natl Pk Serv, Great Smoky Mt Natl Pk, Gatlinburg, TN 37738 USA. [Schwartz, John S.; Cai, Meijun] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Zhou, QT (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM qingtaozhou@gmail.com OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU National Park Service [H54710090015] FX This work was supported by the National Park Service under Agreement H54710090015 signed September 25, 2009. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 226 IS 8 AR 255 DI 10.1007/s11270-015-2502-7 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA CO7VB UT WOS:000359369600013 ER PT J AU Wood, CE Hester, SD Chorley, BN Carswell, G George, MH Ward, W Vallanat, B Ren, HZ Fisher, A Lake, AD Okerberg, CV Gaillard, ET Moore, TM Deangelo, AB AF Wood, Charles E. Hester, Susan D. Chorley, Brian N. Carswell, Gleta George, Michael H. Ward, William Vallanat, Beena Ren, Hongzu Fisher, Anna Lake, April D. Okerberg, Carlin V. Gaillard, Elias T. Moore, Tanya M. Deangelo, Anthony B. TI Latent carcinogenicity of early-life exposure to dichloroacetic acid in mice SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE-ZETA; MALE B6C3F(1) MOUSE; DOSE-RESPONSE; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; DRINKING-WATER; LIVER-TUMORS; CANCER-RISK; IN-UTERO; DISEASE AB This study demonstrates latent carcinogenic effects of the metabolic programming agent dichloroacetic acid following transient exposure in mice. Our findings highlight the potential for early-life postnatal changes in cell metabolism to alter cancer risk later in life.Environmental exposures occurring early in life may have an important influence on cancer risk later in life. Here, we investigated carryover effects of dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a small molecule analog of pyruvate with metabolic programming properties, on age-related incidence of liver cancer. The study followed a stop-exposure/promotion design in which 4-week-old male and female B6C3F1 mice received the following treatments: deionized water alone (dH(2)O, control); dH(2)O with 0.06% phenobarbital (PB), a mouse liver tumor promoter; or DCA (1.0, 2.0 or 3.5g/l) for 10 weeks followed by dH(2)O or PB (n = 20-30/group/sex). Pathology and molecular assessments were performed at 98 weeks of age. In the absence of PB, early-life exposure to DCA increased the incidence and number of hepatocellular tumors in male and female mice compared with controls. Significant dose trends were observed in both sexes. At the high dose level, 10 weeks of prior DCA treatment induced comparable effects (a parts per thousand yen85% tumor incidence and number) to those seen after continuous lifetime exposure. Prior DCA treatment did not enhance or inhibit the carcinogenic effects of PB, induce persistent liver cytotoxicity or preneoplastic changes on histopathology or alter DNA sequence variant profiles within liver tumors compared with controls. Distinct changes in liver messenger RNA and micro RNA profiles associated with prior DCA treatment were not apparent at 98 weeks. Our findings demonstrate that early-life exposure to DCA may be as carcinogenic as life-long exposures, potentially via epigenetic-mediated effects related to cellular metabolism. C1 [Wood, Charles E.; Hester, Susan D.; Chorley, Brian N.; Carswell, Gleta; George, Michael H.; Ward, William; Vallanat, Beena; Ren, Hongzu; Fisher, Anna; Lake, April D.; Moore, Tanya M.; Deangelo, Anthony B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lake, April D.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27713 USA. [Lake, April D.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Okerberg, Carlin V.; Gaillard, Elias T.] Expt Pathol Labs, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Wood, CE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wood.charles@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 EI 1460-2180 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JUL PY 2015 VL 36 IS 7 BP 782 EP 791 DI 10.1093/carcin/bgv057 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CN1JN UT WOS:000358175700009 PM 25913432 ER PT J AU Heinrichs, JA Bender, DJ Gummer, DL Schumaker, NH AF Heinrichs, Julie A. Bender, Darren J. Gummer, David L. Schumaker, Nathan H. TI Effects of landscape and patch-level attributes on regional population persistence SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Dipodomys ordii; Habitat quality; Landscape; Patch; Persistence; Spatially-explicit population model ID HABITAT-QUALITY; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; ISOLATION PARADIGM; SPECIES PRESENCE; AREA; SCALE; CONNECTIVITY; MODELS; SIZE AB Species responses are influenced by processes operating at multiple scales, yet many conservation studies and management actions are focused on a single scale. Although landscape-level habitat conditions (i.e., habitat amount, fragmentation and landscape quality) are likely to drive the regional persistence of spatially structured populations, patch-level factors (i.e., patch size, isolation, and quality) may also be important. To determine the spatial scales at which habitat factors influence the regional persistence of endangered Ord's kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ordii) in Alberta, Canada, we simulated population dynamics under a range of habitat conditions. Using a spatially-explicit population model, we removed groups of habitat patches based on their characteristics and measured the resulting time to extinction. We used proportional hazards models to rank the influence of landscape and interacting patch-level variables. Landscape quality was the most influential variable followed by patch quality, with both outweighing landscape- and patch-level measures of habitat quantity and fragmentation/proximity. Although habitat conservation and restoration priorities for this population should be in maximizing the overall quality of the landscape, population persistence depends on how this goal is achieved. Patch quality exerted a significant influence on regional persistence, with the removal of low quality road margin patches (sinks) reducing the risk of regional extinction. Strategies for maximizing overall landscape quality that omit patch-level considerations may produce suboptimal or detrimental results for regional population persistence, particularly where complex local population dynamics (e.g., source-sink dynamics) exist. This study contributes to a growing body literature that suggests that the prediction of species responses and future conservation actions may best be assessed with a multi-scale approach that considers habitat quality and that the success of conservation actions may depend on assessing the influences of habitat factors at multiple scales. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Heinrichs, Julie A.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Bender, Darren J.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Gummer, David L.] Pk Canada, Banff Natl Pk Canada, Banff, AB T1L 1K2, Canada. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Heinrichs, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, POB 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jheinrx@u.washington.edu RI Heinrichs, Julie/D-2927-2016 OI Heinrichs, Julie/0000-0001-7733-5034 FU Canada's Department of National Defence, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development; University of Calgary; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by Canada's Department of National Defence, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, and the University of Calgary. Parks Canada Agency provided in-kind support. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank R. Dzenkiw for GIS assistance and feedback on the construction of the Ord's kangaroo rat habitat model. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 26 BP 56 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2015.05.002 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CN0JP UT WOS:000358100200008 ER PT J AU Waldhoff, ST Martinich, J Sarofim, M DeAngelo, B McFarland, J Jantarasami, L Shouse, K Crimmins, A Ohrel, S Li, J AF Waldhoff, Stephanie T. Martinich, Jeremy Sarofim, Marcus DeAngelo, Benjamin McFarland, Jim Jantarasami, Lesley Shouse, Kate Crimmins, Allison Ohrel, Sara Li, Jia TI Overview of the special issue: a multi-model framework to achieve consistent evaluation of climate change impacts in the United States SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article C1 [Waldhoff, Stephanie T.] Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacif NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD USA. [Martinich, Jeremy; Sarofim, Marcus; DeAngelo, Benjamin; McFarland, Jim; Jantarasami, Lesley; Shouse, Kate; Crimmins, Allison; Ohrel, Sara; Li, Jia] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Waldhoff, ST (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM stephanie.waldhoff@pnnl.gov FU Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (US DOE SC-IARP); US DOE SC-IARP FX This research used Evergreen computing resources at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland in College Park, which is supported by the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (US DOE SC-IARP). Support for Stephanie Waldhoff was also provided by US DOE SC-IARP. The views presented in this paper do not necessarily represent the views of the US Environmental Protection Agency, the US Department of Energy, or Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 2015 VL 131 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1206-0 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL6ZG UT WOS:000357118200001 ER PT J AU Neumann, JE Price, J Chinowsky, P Wright, L Ludwig, L Streeter, R Jones, R Smith, JB Perkins, W Jantarasami, L Martinich, J AF Neumann, James E. Price, Jason Chinowsky, Paul Wright, Leonard Ludwig, Lindsay Streeter, Richard Jones, Russell Smith, Joel B. Perkins, William Jantarasami, Lesley Martinich, Jeremy TI Climate change risks to US infrastructure: impacts on roads, bridges, coastal development, and urban drainage SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; COSTS AB Changes in temperature, precipitation, sea level, and coastal storms will likely increase the vulnerability of infrastructure across the United States. Using four models that analyze vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation, this paper estimates impacts to roads, bridges, coastal properties, and urban drainage infrastructure and investigates sensitivity to varying greenhouse gas emission scenarios, climate sensitivities, and global climate models. The results suggest that the impacts of climate change in this sector could be large, especially in the second half of the 21st century as sea-level rises, temperature increases, and precipitation patterns become more extreme and affect the sustainability of long-lived infrastructure. Further, when considering sea-level rise, scenarios which incorporate dynamic ice sheet melting yield impact model results in coastal areas that are roughly 70 to 80 % higher than results that do not incorporate dynamic ice sheet melting. The potential for substantial economic impacts across all infrastructure sectors modeled, however, can be reduced by cost-effective adaptation measures. Mitigation policies also show potential to reduce impacts in the infrastructure sector - a more aggressive mitigation policy reduces impacts by 25 to 35 %, and a somewhat less aggressive policy reduces impacts by 19 to 30 %. The existing suite of models suitable for estimating these damages nonetheless covers only a small portion of expected infrastructure sector effects from climate change, so much work remains to better understand impacts on electric and telecommunications networks, rail, and air transportation systems. In addition, the effects of climate-induced extreme events are likely to be important, but are incompletely understood and remain an emerging area for research. C1 [Neumann, James E.; Price, Jason; Ludwig, Lindsay] Ind Econ, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Chinowsky, Paul] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wright, Leonard] AMEC Environm & Infrastruct, Boulder, CO USA. [Streeter, Richard; Jones, Russell; Smith, Joel B.] Stratus Consulting, Boulder, CO USA. [Perkins, William; Jantarasami, Lesley; Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Neumann, JE (reprint author), Ind Econ, 2067 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. EM jneumann@indecon.com FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Climate Change Division [EP-D-09-054, EP-BPA-12-H-0024] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the US Environmental Protection Agency's Climate Change Division (Contracts EP-D-09-054 and EP-BPA-12-H-0024). The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect those of EPA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 2015 VL 131 IS 1 BP 97 EP 109 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-1037-4 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL6ZG UT WOS:000357118200007 ER PT J AU Miller, DH Tietge, JE McMaster, ME Munkittrick, KR Xia, XS Griesmer, DA Ankley, GT AF Miller, David H. Tietge, Joseph E. McMaster, Mark E. Munkittrick, Kelly R. Xia, Xiangsheng Griesmer, David A. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Linking mechanistic toxicology to population models in forecasting recovery from chemical stress: A case study from Jackfish Bay, Ontario, Canada SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Adverse outcome pathway; Population model; White sucker; Pulp mill effluent ID SUCKER CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI; PAPER-MILL EFFLUENTS; KRAFT PULP-MILL; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; DEPENDENT MATRIX MODEL; WHITE SUCKER; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; SALMON POPULATIONS AB Recovery of fish and wildlife populations after stressor mitigation serves as a basis for evaluating remediation success. Unfortunately, effectively monitoring population status on a routine basis can be difficult and costly. In the present study, the authors describe a framework that can be applied in conjunction with field monitoring efforts (e.g., through effects-based monitoring programs) to link chemically induced alterations in molecular and biochemical endpoints to adverse outcomes in whole organisms and populations. The approach employs a simple density-dependent logistic matrix model linked to adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for reproductive effects in fish. Application of this framework requires a life table for the organism of interest, a measure of carrying capacity for the population of interest, and estimation of the effect of stressors on vital rates of organisms within the study population. The authors demonstrate the framework using linked AOPs and population models parameterized with long-term monitoring data for white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) collected from a study site at Jackfish Bay, Lake Superior, Canada. Individual responses of fish exposed to pulp mill effluent were used to demonstrate the framework's capability to project alterations in population status, both in terms of ongoing impact and subsequent recovery after stressor mitigation associated with process changes at the mill. The general approach demonstrated at the Jackfish Bay site can be applied to characterize population statuses of other species at a variety of impacted sites and can account for effects of multiple stressors (both chemical and nonchemical) and dynamics within complex landscapes (i.e., meta-populations including emigration and immigration processes). Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1623-1633. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Miller, David H.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. [Tietge, Joseph E.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [McMaster, Mark E.] Environm Canada, Aquat Contaminants Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Munkittrick, Kelly R.] Univ New Brunswick, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. [Xia, Xiangsheng; Griesmer, David A.] Comp Sci Corp, Grosse Ile, MI USA. RP Miller, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM miller.davidh@epa.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative FX We thank 3 anonymous reviewers and D. Villeneuve, US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Mid-Continent Ecology Division, for a valuable review of this manuscript. This work was supported, in part, through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative coordinated through the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1623 EP 1633 DI 10.1002/etc.2972 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CL5QC UT WOS:000357013700025 PM 25943079 ER PT J AU St Charles, JA Liberti, SE Williams, JS Lujan, SA Kunkel, TA AF St Charles, Jordan A. Liberti, Sascha E. Williams, Jessica S. Lujan, Scott A. Kunkel, Thomas A. TI Quantifying the contributions of base selectivity, proofreading and mismatch repair to nuclear DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE Replication fidelity; DNA polymerase; Genome stability; Mutation rate ID POLYMERASE-EPSILON; EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITY; HIGH-FIDELITY; REACTION PH; DELTA; YEAST; GENOME; ALPHA; MUTATIONS; ERRORS AB Mismatches generated during eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication are removed by two evolutionarily conserved error correction mechanisms acting in series, proofreading and mismatch repair (MMR). Defects in both processes are associated with increased susceptibility to cancer. To better understand these processes, we have quantified base selectivity, proofreading and MMR during nuclear DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the absence of proofreading and MMR, the primary leading and lagging strand replicases, polymerase a and polymerase delta respectively, synthesize DNA in vivo with somewhat different error rates and specificity, and with apparent base selectivity that is more than 100 times higher than measured in vitro. Moreover, leading and lagging strand replication fidelity rely on a different balance between proofreading and MMR. On average, proofreading contributes more to replication fidelity than does MMR, but their relative contributions vary from nearly all proofreading of some mismatches to mostly MMR of other mismatches. Thus accurate replication of the two DNA strands results from a non-uniform and variable balance between error prevention, proofreading and MMR. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [St Charles, Jordan A.; Liberti, Sascha E.; Williams, Jessica S.; Lujan, Scott A.; Kunkel, Thomas A.] DHHS, NIH, Genome Integr & Struct Biol Lab, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kunkel, TA (reprint author), DHHS, NIH, Genome Integr & Struct Biol Lab, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kunkel@niehs.nih.gov FU Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES065070, Z01 ES065089] FX The authors thank Dmitry Gordenin and members of the Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory at the NIEHS for helpful discussions on experiments, and Kin Chan and Deepa Singh for valuable comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, by Projects Z01 ES065070 and Z01 ES065089 to TAK. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 EI 1568-7856 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD JUL PY 2015 VL 31 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.04.006 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CL7FT UT WOS:000357138600005 PM 25996407 ER PT J AU Forbes, VE Brain, R Edwards, D Galic, N Hall, T Honegger, J Meyer, C Moore, DRJ Nacci, D Pastorok, R Preuss, TG Railsback, SF Salice, C Sibly, RM Tenhumberg, B Thorbek, P Wang, M AF Forbes, V. E. Brain, R. Edwards, D. Galic, N. Hall, T. Honegger, J. Meyer, C. Moore, D. R. J. Nacci, D. Pastorok, R. Preuss, T. G. Railsback, S. F. Salice, C. Sibly, R. M. Tenhumberg, B. Thorbek, P. Wang, M. TI Assessing Pesticide Risks to Threatened and Endangered Species Using Population Models: Findings and Recommendations from a CropLife America Science Forum SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecological models; Ecological risk assessment; Endangered Species Act; FIFRA; Good Modeling Practice ID ECOLOGICAL MODELS; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; ENERGY; INDIVIDUALS; SENSITIVITY; EXPOSURE; ECOTOXICOLOGY; DYNAMICS; LESSONS AB This brief communication reports on the main findings and recommendations from the 2014 Science Forum organized by CropLife America. The aim of the Forum was to gain a better understanding of the current status of population models and how they could be used in ecological risk assessments for threatened and endangered species potentially exposed to pesticides in the United States. The Forum panelists' recommendations are intended to assist the relevant government agencies with implementation of population modeling in future endangered species risk assessments for pesticides. The Forum included keynote presentations that provided an overview of current practices, highlighted the findings of a recent National Academy of Sciences report and its implications, reviewed the main categories of existing population models and the types of risk expressions that can be produced as model outputs, and provided examples of how population models are currently being used in different legislative contexts. The panel concluded that models developed for listed species assessments should provide quantitative risk estimates, incorporate realistic variability in environmental and demographic factors, integrate complex patterns of exposure and effects, and use baseline conditions that include present factors that have caused the species to be listed (e.g., habitat loss, invasive species) or have resulted in positive management action. Furthermore, the panel advocates for the formation of a multipartite advisory committee to provide best available knowledge and guidance related to model implementation and use, to address such needs as more systematic collection, digitization, and dissemination of data for listed species; consideration of the newest developments in good modeling practice; comprehensive review of existing population models and their applicability for listed species assessments; and development of case studies using a few well-tested models for particular species to demonstrate proof of concept. To advance our common goals, the panel recommends the following as important areas for further research and development: quantitative analysis of the causes of species listings to guide model development; systematic assessment of the relative role of toxicity versus other factors in driving pesticide risk; additional study of how interactions between density dependence and pesticides influence risk; and development of pragmatic approaches to assessing indirect effects of pesticides on listed species. (C) 2015 SETAC C1 [Forbes, V. E.; Galic, N.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Brain, R.] Syngenta Crop Protect, Greensboro, NC USA. [Edwards, D.] BASF Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hall, T.] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Honegger, J.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO USA. [Meyer, C.] ARCADIS, Lakewood, CO USA. [Moore, D. R. J.] Intrinsik Environm Sci US, New Gloucester, ME USA. [Nacci, D.] US EPA, Narragansett, RI USA. [Pastorok, R.] Integral Consulting, Washington, DC USA. [Preuss, T. G.] Bayer CropSci AG, Monheim, Germany. [Railsback, S. F.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Salice, C.] Towson Univ, Environm Sci & Studies Program, Towson, MD USA. [Sibly, R. M.] Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Reading, Berks, England. [Thorbek, P.] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Wang, M.] WSC Sci GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Forbes, VE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM vforbes3@unl.edu OI Sibly, Richard/0000-0001-6828-3543; Galic, Nika/0000-0002-4344-3464; Forbes, Valery/0000-0001-9819-9385 FU CropLife America FX The authors thank CropLife America for sponsoring the 2014 Science Forum. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 11 IS 3 BP 348 EP 354 DI 10.1002/ieam.1628 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CL5RZ UT WOS:000357019400004 PM 25655086 ER PT J AU Carriger, JF Jordan, SJ Kurtz, JC Bensony, WH AF Carriger, John F. Jordan, Stephen J. Kurtz, Janis C. Bensony, William H. TI Identifying Evaluation Considerations for the Recovery and Restoration from the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill: An Initial Appraisal of Stakeholder Concerns and Values SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Structured decision making (SDM); Sustainability; Objectives; Values ID CONTAMINANTS; SEDIMENTS; DIOXINS; BIOACCUMULATION; REMEDIATION; NORWAY; FURANS; FJORD AB Understanding what can be achieved and what should be avoided by environmental management decisions requires an understanding of values, or what is cared about in a decision. Decision analysis provides tools and processes for constructing objectives that transparently reflect the values being considered in environmental management decisions. The present study demonstrates parts of the initial decision analysis steps for identifying a decision context and constructing objectives for the recovery and long-term restoration of the Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. From a review of multiple reports, including those developed by policy makers and nongovernmental organizations, a preliminary structuring of concerns and considerations into objectives was derived to highlight features of importance in the recovery from the spill and long-term restoration. The fundamental objectives constructed for the long-term restoration context reflect broader concerns regarding well-being and quality of life. When developed through stakeholder engagement processes, clarifying objectives can potentially 1) lend insight into the values that can be affected, 2) meaningfully include stakeholders in the decision-making process, 3) enhance transparency and communication, and 4) develop high-impact management strategies reflecting broad public interests. Published 2015 SETAC. This article is a US government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America. C1 [Carriger, John F.; Jordan, Stephen J.; Kurtz, Janis C.; Bensony, William H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. EM carriger.john@epa.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 11 IS 3 BP 502 EP 513 DI 10.1002/ieam.1615 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CL5RZ UT WOS:000357019400019 PM 25581135 ER PT J AU Lu, J Struewing, I Yelton, S Ashbolt, N AF Lu, J. Struewing, I. Yelton, S. Ashbolt, N. TI Molecular survey of occurrence and quantity of Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and amoeba hosts in municipal drinking water storage tank sediments SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE drinking water storage tank; free-living amoeba; Legionella; nontuberculous mycobacteria; sediment; waterborne pathogens ID PNEUMOPHILA SEROGROUP 1; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; POTABLE WATER; ANISA; QUALITY; GROWTH; ASSOCIATION AB AimsTo examine the occurrence and quantity of potential pathogens and an indicator of microbial contamination in the sediments of municipal drinking water storage tanks (MDWSTs), given the absence of such data across the United States. Methods and ResultsSediment samples (87 MDWST) from eighteen locations across ten states of the United States were collected and assayed by qPCR for a range of potential enteric and opportunistic microbial pathogens and a sewage-associated Bacteroides marker. Potential opportunistic pathogens dominated, with the highest detection of occurrence (per cent positive detection; average cell equivalence (CE)) being Mycobacterium spp. (889%; 67 85 x 10(4) CE g(-1)), followed by Legionella spp. (667%; 52 59 x 10(3) CE g(-1)), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (222%; 250 +/- 880CEg(-1)) and Acanthamoeba spp. (389%; 53 +/- 70CEg(-1)), with no detected Naegleria fowleri. Most enteric pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Salmonella enterica, Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis) were not detected, except foratrace signal for Campylobacter spp. There was significant correlation between theqPCR signals of Legionella spp. and Acanthamoeba spp. (R-2=061, n=87, P=00001). Diverse Legionella spp. including Leg.pneumophila, Leg.pneumophila sg1 and Leg.anisa were identified, each of which might cause legionellosis. ConclusionsThese results imply that potential opportunistic pathogens are common within MDWST sediments and could act as a source of microbial contamination, but need downstream growth to be of potential concern. Significance and Impact of the StudyThe results imply that opportunistic pathogen risks may need to be managed by regular tank cleaning or other management practices. C1 [Lu, J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Struewing, I.; Yelton, S.] Dynamac Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ashbolt, N.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Lu, J (reprint author), 26W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lu.jingrang@epa.gov FU EPA ORD's Safe and Sustainable Water Resources Program; EPA's National Homeland Security Research Center (NHSRC); United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported by EPA ORD's Safe and Sustainable Water Resources Program and EPA's National Homeland Security Research Center (NHSRC). Thanks to Scott Minamyer at NHSRC, Ryan R James at Battelle Memorial Institute, and Darren Lytle at EPA ORD for organizing the project sampling, and Ann Grimm and Gerard Stelma at EPA ORD for their valuable comments. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 12 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 119 IS 1 BP 278 EP 288 DI 10.1111/jam.12831 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CL1NB UT WOS:000356709500026 PM 25891145 ER PT J AU Keely, SP Brinkman, NE Zimmerman, BD Wendell, D Ekeren, KM De Long, SK Sharvelle, S Garland, JL AF Keely, S. P. Brinkman, N. E. Zimmerman, B. D. Wendell, D. Ekeren, K. M. De Long, S. K. Sharvelle, S. Garland, J. L. TI Characterization of the relative importance of human- and infrastructure-associated bacteria in grey water: a case study SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacteria; bioinformatics; grey water; infrastructure; metagenomics; water quality; water reuse ID SP NOV.; MICROBIAL QUALITY; HUMAN-SKIN; TREATMENT SYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; GREYWATER; REUSE; WASTEWATERS; ENVIRONMENT; GRAYWATER AB AimsDevelopment of efficacious grey water (GW) treatment systems would benefit from detailed knowledge of the bacterial composition of GW. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial composition from (i) various points throughout a GW recycling system that collects shower and sink handwash (SH) water into an equalization tank (ET) prior to treatment and (ii) laundry (LA) water effluent of a commercial-scale washer. Methods and ResultsBacterial composition was analysed by high-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. LA was dominated by skin-associated bacteria, with Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Propionibacterium and Lactobacillus collectively accounting for nearly 50% of the total sequences. SH contained a more evenly distributed community than LA, with some overlap (e.g. Propionibacterium), but also contained distinct genera common to wastewater infrastructure (e.g. Zoogloea). The ET contained many of these same wastewater infrastructure-associated bacteria, but was dominated by genera adapted for anaerobic conditions. ConclusionsThe data indicate that a relatively consistent set of skin-associated genera are the dominant human-associated bacteria in GW, but infrastructure-associated bacteria from the GW collection system and ET used for transient storage will be the most common bacteria entering GW treatment and reuse systems. Significance and Impact of the StudyThis study is the first to use high-throughput sequencing to identify the bacterial composition of various GW sources. C1 [Keely, S. P.; Brinkman, N. E.; Zimmerman, B. D.; Garland, J. L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Keely, S. P.; Brinkman, N. E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, McMicken Coll Arts & Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Zimmerman, B. D.; Wendell, D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ekeren, K. M.; De Long, S. K.; Sharvelle, S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Keely, SP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM keely.scott@epa.gov OI Keely, Scott/0000-0002-5343-3649 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Student Services Contract FX The research described herein has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The contribution of Brian Zimmerman was funded through a Student Services Contract. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names, products or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, official U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approval, endorsement or recommendation. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 119 IS 1 BP 289 EP 301 DI 10.1111/jam.12835 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CL1NB UT WOS:000356709500027 PM 25898905 ER PT J AU Bourdon-Lacombe, JA Moffat, ID Deveau, M Husain, M Auerbach, S Krewski, D Thomas, RS Bushel, PR Williams, A Yauk, CL AF Bourdon-Lacombe, Julie A. Moffat, Ivy D. Deveau, Michelle Husain, Mainul Auerbach, Scott Krewski, Daniel Thomas, Russell S. Bushel, Pierre R. Williams, Andrew Yauk, Carole L. TI Technical guide for applications of gene expression profiling in human health risk assessment of environmental chemicals SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human health risk assessment; Toxicogenomics; Chemical mode of action; Hazard assessment; Risk characterization ID CONDENSATES IN-VITRO; HUMAN CANCER-RISK; RNA-SEQ; MECHANISTIC ASSESSMENT; TOXICOGENOMIC ANALYSIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; NEXT-GENERATION; GENOMIC DATA; HUMAN TOXOME AB Toxicogenomics promises to be an important part of future human health risk assessment of environmental chemicals. The application of gene expression profiles (e.g., for hazard identification, chemical prioritization, chemical grouping, mode of action discovery, and quantitative analysis of response) is growing in the literature, but their use in formal risk assessment by regulatory agencies is relatively infrequent. Although additional validations for specific applications are required, gene expression data can be of immediate use for increasing confidence in chemical evaluations. We believe that a primary reason for the current lack of integration is the limited practical guidance available for risk assessment specialists with limited experience in genomics. The present manuscript provides basic information on gene expression profiling, along with guidance on evaluating the quality of genomic experiments and data, and interpretation of results presented in the form of heat maps, pathway analyses and other common approaches. Moreover, potential ways to integrate information from gene expression experiments into current risk assessment are presented using published studies as examples. The primary objective of this work is to facilitate integration of gene expression data into human health risk assessments of environmental chemicals. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bourdon-Lacombe, Julie A.; Moffat, Ivy D.; Deveau, Michelle] Hlth Canada, Water & Air Qual Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Husain, Mainul; Williams, Andrew; Yauk, Carole L.] Hlth Canada, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Auerbach, Scott] NIEHS, Biomol Screening Branch, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Krewski, Daniel] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Thomas, Russell S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bushel, Pierre R.] NIEHS, Biostat & Computat Biol Branch, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Moffat, ID (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Water & Air Qual Bur, 269 Laurier Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. EM Ivy.Moffat@hc-sc.gc.ca OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Yauk, Carole/0000-0003-4919-876X NR 100 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 72 IS 2 BP 292 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.04.010 PG 18 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CL4DN UT WOS:000356902900016 PM 25944780 ER PT J AU Klemick, H Kopits, E Wolverton, A Sargent, K AF Klemick, Heather Kopits, Elizabeth Wolverton, Ann Sargent, Keith TI Heavy-duty trucking and the energy efficiency paradox: Evidence from focus groups and interviews SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Energy efficiency paradox; Technology investment decisions; Heavy duty trucking ID PROSPECT-THEORY; FUEL-ECONOMY; INVESTMENTS; POLICY; MARKET; UNCERTAINTY; TECHNOLOGY; BUILDINGS; BARRIERS; INDUSTRY AB Theory suggests that profit maximizing firms have an incentive to incorporate cost-effective technologies into their products. However, simple net present value calculations comparing upfront costs of fuel-saving technologies to future savings suggest this is not always the case. This puzzle is commonly referred to as the "energy efficiency paradox." A growing number of empirical studies examine why households may under-invest in energy efficiency. Fewer studies examine similar undervaluation by businesses. We explore investment decisions within the heavy-duty trucking sector for fuel-saving technologies via focus groups and interviews to gain insight into what factors might explain apparent underinvestment in fuel-saving technologies. We find some evidence that market failures related to lack of information about technology performance and network externalities contribute to slow adoption of some technologies. However, information about new technologies for tractors seems to generate limited spillovers. There is also some evidence of split incentives between owners and drivers, though companies have invested in a variety of technologies and approaches in an attempt to address these effects. Other factors important in trucking investment decisions that are not classic market failures include tradeoffs between fuel economy and other valued truck attributes, as well as uncertainty and risk associated with new technologies if decision-makers are loss averse. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Klemick, Heather; Kopits, Elizabeth; Wolverton, Ann; Sargent, Keith] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Klemick, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave NW 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM klemick.heather@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Agency FX Focus groups and interviews were conducted with contractor support funded by the U.S. Environmental Agency. The authors thank Tara Hamilton, Laurence O'Rourke, Pepper Santalucia, Micah Brill, William Prindle, Beth Binns, Jane Peters, Bobbi Tannenbaum, Maryland Motor Truck Association, California Trucking Association, Iowa Motor Truck Association, Gloria Helfand, Angela Cullen, Cheryl Bynum, Alan Krupnick, Josh Linn, Beia Spiller, and anonymous reviewers for their help, advice and comments. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-8564 J9 TRANSPORT RES A-POL JI Transp. Res. Pt. A-Policy Pract. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 77 BP 154 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.004 PG 13 WC Economics; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Business & Economics; Transportation GA CL2CU UT WOS:000356752000011 ER PT J AU Green, L Gawlik, DE Calle, L Lapointe, BE AF Green, Lauri Gawlik, Dale E. Calle, Leonardo Lapointe, Brian E. TI Relative effects of physical and small-scale nutrient factors on the distribution of tropical seagrasses in the Great White Heron National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Florida Keys SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Florida; Habitat suitability; Model selection; Nutrient availability; Physical; Seagrass ID ZOSTERA-NOLTII HORNEM; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; NITROGEN-SOURCES; COASTAL WATERS; SOUTH FLORIDA; BAY; COMMUNITIES; VARIABILITY; ESTUARIES AB We tested the relative effects of physical factors such as exposure time and water depth as well as nutrient availability on Thalassia testudinum, Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme distribution within the Great White Heron National Wildlife Refuge, Florida Keys. We quantified the percent cover of each seagrass species in 1-m(2) plots (n =325) along intertidal and shallow subtidal flats adjacent to Upper Harbor Key Water Keys and Howe Key. We used model selection to evaluate the effects of physical parameters and water column nutrients on the percent cover and composition of seagrass species within plots. Best models were selected based on lowest Akaike's information criteria (AIC) values and maximum model weights (omega(i)). We found that the presence of the other species, distance to nearest island and time of exposure during diurnal low tides best explained the distribution of T. testudinum (omega(i) = 0.44). Model averaged parameter estimates (beta) showed that H. wrightii and S. filiforme had the greatest negative influence on T. testudinum (beta = -0.396, -0.278, respectively). H. wrightii distribution was affected strongly by the presence of the other species, distance to Pine Channel, exposure time and mean lower low water (MLLW) (omega(i) = 0.56) with T. testudinum and S. filiforme exerting the greatest negative influences (beta = -0.450, -0.184, respectively). The best model indicated that S. filiforme was strongly influenced by the other species, distance to Pine Channel and MLLW (omega(i) = 0.5). Model averaging indicated that S. filiforme was associated with deep water (beta(MLLW) = -28.0.018). Our study showcased that small scale (<100 m) habitat heterogeneity influenced the composition of seagrass communities. (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Green, Lauri; Lapointe, Brian E.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34982 USA. [Gawlik, Dale E.; Calle, Leonardo] Florida Atlantic Univ, Environm Sci Program, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. RP Green, L (reprint author), US EPA, OSU Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97366 USA. EM ruiz-green.lauri@epa.gov; dgawlik@fau.edu; leonardo.calle@msu.montana.edu; blapoin1@fau.edu FU Florida Specialty License Plate program ("Save Our Seas"); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [F12AC01244] FX We acknowledge the Florida Specialty License Plate program ("Save Our Seas") and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (#F12AC01244) for funding this project. Stacey D. Kalwies, Laura Herren, Kelsey Doyle and David Debortoli helped with data collection. The staff of Key Deer Wildlife Refuge and Mote Marine lab facilitated our efforts in the field. Special thanks to Patrick Clinton for his assistance with the predictive maps. This manuscript was greatly improved by the constructive feedback of two anonymous reviewers and the editor. This is contribution number 1949 from Florida Atlantic University's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 124 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2015.03.005 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CK3HI UT WOS:000356106800006 ER PT J AU Olszyk, D Pfleeger, T Lee, EH Plocher, M AF Olszyk, David Pfleeger, Thomas Lee, E. Henry Plocher, Milton TI Glyphosate and dicamba herbicide tank mixture effects on native plant and non-genetically engineered soybean seedlings SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herbicide; Drift; Non-target plants; Native plants ID MILKWEED ASCLEPIAS-SYRIACA; WEED MANAGEMENT; SEED PRODUCTION; GLUFOSINATE; RESISTANT; COTTON; DRIFT; CONSERVATION; COMBINATIONS; BIODIVERSITY AB Crops engineered to contain genes for tolerance to multiple herbicides may be treated with several herbicides to manage weeds resistant to each herbicide. Thus, nearby non-target plants may be subjected to increased exposure to several herbicides used in combination. Of particular concern are native plants, as well as adjacent crops which have not been genetically engineered for tolerance to herbicides. We evaluated responses of seven species of native plants grown in a greenhouse and treated less than field application rates of glyphosate and/or dicamba: Andropogon gerardii, Asclepias syriaca, Eutrochium purpureum, Oenothera biennis, Polyganum lapathifolium, Solidago canadensis and Tridens flavus, and non-herbicide resistant soybean (Glycine max, Oregon line M4). Herbicide concentrations were 0.03 or 0.1 x field application rates of 1122 g ha(-1) active ingredient (a.i) (831 g ha(-1) acid glyphosate) for glyphosate and 562 g ha(-1) a.i. for dicamba. In general, plant growth responses to combinations of glyphosate and dicamba were less than the sum of growth responses to the individual herbicides (i.e., antagonistic effect), primarily when one or both herbicides alone caused a large reduction in growth. E. purpureum, P. lapathifolium and S. canadensis were the most sensitive species to both herbicides, while A. gerardii was the most tolerant, with no response to either herbicide. The combinations of herbicides resulted in responses most similar to that from dicamba alone for G. max and from glyphosate alone for T. flavus. The results of this study indicated the need for more data such as effects on native plants in the field to assess risks to non-target plants from combinations of herbicides. C1 [Olszyk, David; Pfleeger, Thomas; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Plocher, Milton] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Olszyk, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM olszyk.david@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-D-06-013] FX The authors thank Dr. Franklin Egan of The Pennsylvania State University for his insightful assistance with this manuscript and information concerning native plants from Pennsylvania that were candidate species for this study, and Dr. Clinton Shock and Mr. Erik Feibert from the Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station in Ontario, Oregon, for the soybean seed. The authors also thank Thomas Griffin, EPA intern, and Tamotsu Shiroyama and Melvin Larson from the Senior Environmental Employee (SEE) program of the National Asian Pacific Center on Aging, for there valuable assistance in carrying out these experiments. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract number EP-D-06-013 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD JUL PY 2015 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1014 EP 1027 DI 10.1007/s10646-015-1442-8 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CK0WU UT WOS:000355927100005 PM 25821135 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Kelly, JR Peterson, GS Cotter, AM AF Hoffman, Joel C. Kelly, John R. Peterson, Greg S. Cotter, Anne M. TI Landscape-Scale Food Webs of Fish Nursery Habitat Along a River-Coast Mixing Zone SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Stable isotope; Fish larvae; Allochthonous; Autochthonous; Lake Superior; Great Lakes ID ORGANIC-MATTER; LAKE-SUPERIOR; FRESH-WATER; STABLE-ISOTOPES; TERRESTRIAL SUPPORT; CARBON-ISOTOPE; ESTUARINE; ZOOPLANKTON; DELTA-C-13; NITROGEN AB We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios to identify changes in organic matter (OM) sources supporting fish larvae along the river-lake mixing zone in three Lake Superior coastal tributaries. We used a stable isotope mixing model to quantify how the number and origin of OM sources supporting fish larvae changed with respect to the relative fraction of tributary and lake water along the coastal mixing zone. Fish stable isotope ratios, after adjusting for trophic fractionation, generally were intermediate between the measured OM sources, indicating widespread nutritional support from multiple OM sources. Mixing model results indicated that more OM sources supported fish larvae in river and mixed regions than in the lake; however, the number of OM sources did not change linearly with respect to tributary water fraction. Contributions from allochthonous OM were highest in the mixed and lake regions; most fish larvae obtained some energy from food sources originating outside the region where the fish larvae were collected. At the species level, principal component analysis revealed that the number of OM sources was positively correlated with percent terrestrial OM contribution and greatest in demersal fish larvae that were captured in the mixed region. Our findings demonstrate that these coastal habitats do function as a "mosaic", wherein proximal and some more distal habitats and ecosystems contribute to fish growth during a critical life stage. By extension, the findings suggest the need for conservation measures to consider upland, wetland, and coastal habitat, whether or not fish directly occupy all of those habitats. C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Kelly, John R.; Peterson, Greg S.; Cotter, Anne M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hoffman.joel@epa.gov NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JUL PY 2015 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1335 EP 1349 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9880-8 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CL0AP UT WOS:000356601100020 ER PT J AU Morgan, MK AF Morgan, Marsha K. TI Predictors of urinary levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and pentachlorophenol in 121 adults in Ohio SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Urine; Pesticides; Adult caregivers; Exposure; Determinants ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; GENERAL-POPULATION; LAWN APPLICATIONS; NORTHERN POLAND; UNITED-STATES AB Limited data exist on the driving factors that influence the non-occupational exposures of adults to pesticides using urinary biomonitoring. In this work, the objectives were to quantify the urinary levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in 121 adults over a 48-h monitoring period and to examine the associations between selected sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and urinary levels of each pesticide biomarker. Adults, ages 20-49 years old, were recruited from six counties in Ohio (OH) in 2001. The participants collected 4-6 spot urine samples and completed questionnaires and diaries at home over a 48-h monitoring period. Urine samples were analyzed for 2,4-D, TCP, 3-PBA, and PCP by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Multiple regression modeling was used to determine the impact of selected sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on the log-transformed (In) levels of each pesticide biomarker in adults. The pesticide biomarkers were detected in >= 89% of the urine samples, except for 3-PBA (66%). Median urinary levels of 2,4-D, TCP, 3-PBA, and PCP were 0.7, 3.4, 0.3, and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. Results showed that 48-h sweet/salty snack consumption, 48-h time spend outside at home, and In(creatinine) levels were significant predictors (p<0.05), and race was a marginally significant predictor (p = 0.093) of the adults' In(urinary 2,4-D) concentrations. Strong predictors (p<0.05) of the adults' ln(urinary TCP) concentrations were urbanicity, employment status, sampling season, and ln(creatinine) levels. For 3-PBA, sampling season, pet ownership and removal of shoes before entering the home were significant predictors (p<0.05) of the adults' ln(urinary 3-PBA) levels. Finally for PCP, removal of shoes before entering the home and In(creatinine) levels were significant predictors (p<0.05), and pet ownership was a marginally significant predictor (p = 0.056) of the adults' ln(urinary PCP) concentrations. In conclusion, specific sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were identified that increased the exposures of these adults to several different pesticides in their daily environments. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. RP Morgan, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. EM morgan.marsha@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D-99-011] FX Disclaimer: The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under Contract #68-D-99-011 to Battelle. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 218 IS 5 BP 479 EP 488 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.03.015 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CK9GB UT WOS:000356547500006 PM 25891895 ER PT J AU Harper, M Weis, C Pleil, JD Blount, BC Miller, A Hoover, MD Jahn, S AF Harper, Martin Weis, Christopher Pleil, Joachim D. Blount, Benjamin C. Miller, Aubrey Hoover, Mark D. Jahn, Steven TI Commentary on the contributions and future role of occupational exposure science in a vision and strategy for the discipline of exposure science SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE education; exposure science; exposure assessment; exposome; risk ID ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HEALTH-RISKS; BISPHENOL-A; EXPOSOME; POPULATION; EXPERIENCE; INDUSTRY; EXHAUST; BRITAIN; WORKERS AB Exposure science is a holistic concept without prejudice to exposure source. Traditionally, measurements aimed at mitigating environmental exposures have not included exposures in the workplace, instead considering such exposures to be an internal affair between workers and their employers. Similarly, occupational (or industrial) hygiene has not typically accounted for environmental contributions to poor health at work. Many persons spend a significant amount of their lifetime in the workplace, where they maybe exposed to more numerous chemicals at higher levels than elsewhere in their environment. In addition, workplace chemical exposures and other exogenous stressors may increase epigenetic and germline modifications that are passed on to future generations. We provide a brief history of the development of exposure science from its roots in the assessment of workplace exposures, including an appendix where we detail current resources for education and training in exposure science offered through occupational hygiene organizations. We describe existing successful collaborations between occupational and environmental practitioners in the field of exposure science, which may serve as a model for future interactions. Finally, we provide an integrated vision for the field of exposure science, emphasizing interagency collaboration, the need for complete exposure information in epidemiological studies, and the importance of integrating occupational, environmental, and residential assessments. Our goal is to encourage communication and spur additional collaboration between the fields of occupational and environmental exposure assessment. Providing a more comprehensive approach to exposure science is critical to the study of the "exposome", which conceptualizes the totality of exposures throughout a person's life, not only chemical, but also from diet, stress, drugs, infection, and so on, and the individual response. C1 [Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Weis, Christopher; Miller, Aubrey] NIEHS, Off Director, Bethesda, MD USA. [Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Methods Dev & Applicat Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoover, Mark D.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Jahn, Steven] Jahn Ind Hyg, Aiken, SC USA. RP Harper, M (reprint author), NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS-3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM mharper@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 25 IS 4 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1038/jes.2014.91 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CK8TT UT WOS:000356512100003 PM 25670022 ER PT J AU Tsou, MC Ozkaynak, H Beamer, P Dang, W Hsi, HC Jiang, CB Chien, LC AF Tsou, Ming-Chien Oezkaynak, Haluk Beamer, Paloma Dang, Winston Hsi, Hsing-Cheng Jiang, Chuen-Bin Chien, Ling-Chu TI Mouthing activity data for children aged 7 to 35 months in Taiwan SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mouthing activities; non-dietary ingestion; hand-to-mouth; object-to-mouth; children ID NONDIETARY INGESTION EXPOSURE; MICRO-ACTIVITY DATA; FARMWORKER CHILDREN; CONTAMINATED SOIL; DUST INGESTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FREQUENCY DATA; HEAVY-METALS; HOUSE-DUST; HAND AB Young children's mouthing activities thought to be among the most important exposure pathways. Unfortunately, mouthing activity studies have only been conducted in a few countries. In the current study, we used videotaping and computer-based translating method to obtain mouthing activity data for 66 children aged 7-35 months in Taiwan. The median indoor hand-tomouth and object-to-mouth frequencies were 8.91 and 11.39 contacts/h, respectively. The median indoor hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth hourly contact durations were 0.34 and 0.46 min/h, respectively. The indoor object-to-mouth activities were significantly and negatively correlated with age. Children aged 12 to <24 months in the current study had lower indoor hand-tomouth and object-to-mouth frequencies than children of same age group in the United States. We also found that indoor mouthing duration with pacifier was significantly and negatively correlated with indoor mouthing duration with other non-dietary objects. The results of the current study indicate that the mouthing behaviors may be different between different countries or populations with different ethnic or lifestyle characteristics. We conclude that using hand-to-mouth frequency values from the current literature may not be most reliable for estimating non-dietary exposures of young children living in Taiwan or even in other similar Asian countries. C1 [Tsou, Ming-Chien; Dang, Winston; Chien, Ling-Chu] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Taipei 11031, Taiwan. [Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Beamer, Paloma] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Hsi, Hsing-Cheng] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Environm Engn, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Jiang, Chuen-Bin] Taipei Mackay Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, Taipei, Taiwan. [Jiang, Chuen-Bin] Mackay Jr Coll Med Nursing & Management, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Chien, LC (reprint author), Taipei Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 250 Wuxing St, Taipei 11031, Taiwan. EM lcchien@tmu.edu.tw FU Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration [EPA-100-G101-03-A036, EPA-101-GA101-02-A143]; NHLBI [K25HL103970]; Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center [NIEHS P30 ES006694] FX This project was supported by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (project no. EPA-100-G101-03-A036 and EPA-101-GA101-02-A143). The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described hereunder. Although it has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official EPA policy. Dr. Beamer was supported by K25HL103970 from NHLBI and the Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center (NIEHS P30 ES006694). The content is solely the work of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. We thank Professor Colin Ong from Stanford University for providing the VTD software. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 25 IS 4 BP 388 EP 398 DI 10.1038/jes.2014.50 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CK8TT UT WOS:000356512100004 PM 25027450 ER PT J AU Richmond-Bryant, J Meng, QY Cohen, J Davis, JA Svendsgaard, D Brown, JS Tuttle, L Hubbard, H Rice, J Kirrane, E Vinikoor-Imler, L Kotchmar, D Hines, E Ross, M AF Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Meng, Qingyu Cohen, Jonathan Davis, J. Allen Svendsgaard, David Brown, James S. Tuttle, Lauren Hubbard, Heidi Rice, Joann Kirrane, Ellen Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa Kotchmar, Dennis Hines, Erin Ross, Mary TI Effect measure modification of blood lead-air lead slope factors SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE child exposure/health; criteria pollutants; exposure modeling; empirical/statistical models; metals ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHILDREN; EXPOSURES; POLLUTION; HEALTH; TRENDS; DETERMINANTS; HUMANS; VALUES; MODEL AB There is abundant literature finding that susceptibility factors, including race and ethnicity, age, and housing, directly influence blood lead levels. No study has explored how susceptibility factors influence the blood lead-air lead relationship nationally. The objective is to evaluate whether susceptibility factors act as effect measure modifiers on the blood lead-air lead relationship. Participant level blood lead data from the 1999 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were merged with air lead data from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Linear mixed effects models were run with and without an air lead interaction term for age group, sex, housing age, or race/ethnicity to determine whether these factors are effect measure modifiers for all ages combined and for five age brackets. Age group and race/ethnicity were determined to be effect measure modifiers in the all-age model and for some age groups. Being a child (1-5, 6-11, and 12-19 years) or of Mexican-American ethnicity increased the effect estimate. Living in older housing (built before 1950) decreased the effect estimate for all models except for the 1-5-year group, where older housing was an effect measure modifier. These results are consistent with the peer-reviewed literature of time-activity patterns, ventilation, and toxicokinetics. C1 [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Davis, J. Allen; Svendsgaard, David; Brown, James S.; Kirrane, Ellen; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa; Kotchmar, Dennis; Hines, Erin; Ross, Mary] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Meng, Qingyu] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Cohen, Jonathan; Hubbard, Heidi] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA USA. [Tuttle, Lauren] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Architecture, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Meng, QY (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM mengqi@sph.rutgers.edu OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 FU ICF International [EP-C-09-009] FX We give special thanks to Dr. Tom Long and Dr. Zach Pekar for their helpful comments in review of this manuscript. We thank Ms. Nataliya Kravets of the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control, for linking the NHANES data with the AQS and GIS data. Authors from ICF International were funded by contract EP-C-09-009. Authors from academia and the US EPA did not receive external funding for this research. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 25 IS 4 BP 411 EP 416 DI 10.1038/jes.2014.46 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CK8TT UT WOS:000356512100007 PM 24961837 ER PT J AU Tucker, DK Macon, MB Strynar, MJ Dagnino, S Andersen, E Fenton, SE AF Tucker, Deirdre K. Macon, Madisa B. Strynar, Mark J. Dagnino, Sonia Andersen, Erik Fenton, Suzanne E. TI The mammary gland is a sensitive pubertal target in CD-1 and C57Bl/6 mice following perinatal perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorooctanoic acid; Mammary gland; Puberty; CD-1; C57Bl/6; Vaginal opening; Estrous cycle ID LACTATING MICE; BREAST-CANCER; MOUSE STRAINS; PREGNANCY; MEDIATE; TISSUES; BALB/C; FLUIDS; PUPS AB Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a developmental toxicant in mice, with varied strain outcomes depending on dose and period of exposure. The impact of PFOA on female mouse pubertal development at low doses (<= 1 mg/kg) has yet to be determined. Therefore, female offspring from CD-1 and C57Bl/6 dams exposed to PFOA, creating serum concentrations similar to humans, were examined for pubertal onset, including mammary gland development. Pups demonstrated a shorter PFOA elimination half-life than that reported for adult mice. Prenatal exposure to PFOA caused significant mammary developmental delays in female offspring in both strains. Delays started during puberty and persisted into young adulthood; severity was dose-dependent. Also an evaluation of female serum hormone levels and pubertal timing onset revealed no effects of PFOA compared to controls in either strain. These data suggest that the mammary gland is more sensitive to early low level PFOA exposures compared to other pubertal endpoints, regardless of strain. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tucker, Deirdre K.; Macon, Madisa B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Tucker, Deirdre K.; Macon, Madisa B.; Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program Lab, Div NTP, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Methods Dev & Applicat Branch, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dagnino, Sonia] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Andersen, Erik] US EPA, Exposure Measurements & Anal Branch, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fenton, SE (reprint author), NIEHS, POB 12233,Bldg 101,MD E1-08, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM fentonse@niehs.nih.gov FU National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH; Intramural Research Training Award; NIEHS; NIH; Curriculum of Toxicology at UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA FX This work was supported by the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. Deirdre Katrese Tucker was funded by an Intramural Research Training Award, NIEHS, NIH and the Curriculum of Toxicology at UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 54 SI SI BP 26 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.12.002 PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA CK7GR UT WOS:000356401300005 PM 25499722 ER PT J AU Hines, EP Mendola, P von Ehrenstein, OS Ye, XY Calafat, AM Fenton, SE AF Hines, Erin P. Mendola, Pauline von Ehrenstein, Ondine S. Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Fenton, Suzanne E. TI Concentrations of environmental phenols and parabens in milk, urine and serum of lactating North Carolina women SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; BPA; Breast milk; Lactation; MAMA Study; Parabens phenols; Serum; Urine ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HPLC-MS/MS METHOD; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; BISPHENOL-A CONCENTRATIONS; MALE REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; HUMAN BREAST-MILK; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-ASSESSMENT AB Phenols and parabens show some evidence for endocrine disruption in laboratory animals. The goal of the Methods Advancement for Milk Analysis (MAMA) Study was to develop or adapt methods to measure parabens (methyl, ethyl, butyl, propyl) and phenols (bisphenol A (BPA), 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorophenol, benzophenone-3, triclosan) in urine, milk and serum twice during lactation, to compare concentrations across matrices and with endogenous biomarkers among 34 North Carolina women. These non-persistent chemicals were detected in most urine samples (53-100%) and less frequently in milk or serum; concentrations differed by matrix. Although urinary parabens, triclosan and dichlorophenols concentrations correlated significantly at two time points, those of BPA and benzophenone-3 did not, suggesting considerable variability in those exposures. These pilot data suggest that nursing mothers are exposed to phenols and parabens; urine is the best measurement matrix; and correlations between chemical and endogenous immune-related biomarkers merit further investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hines, Erin P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mendola, Pauline] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Intramural Populat Hlth Res, Rockville, MD USA. [von Ehrenstein, Ondine S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Hines, EP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hines.erin@epa.gov; pauline.mendola@nih.gov; ovehren@ucla.edu; xay5@cdc.gov; aic7@cdc.gov; fentonse@niehs.nih.gov OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267; Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 FU National Children's Study Inter-Agency Coordinating Committee; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development FX We thank Jack Reidy, Tao Jia, Xiaoliu Zhou, Amber Bishop, Charles Dodson, Pam Olive, and Richard Wang for technical assistance. The authors thank the Westat, Inc. recruiters (Andrea Ware, Bethany Bradford, Brian Karasek), U.S. EPA nursing staff (Deb Levin, Mary Ann Bassett, and Tracey Montilla), and the MAMA study participants, without whom this project would not have been a success. This project received partial extramural funding through the recommendation of the National Children's Study Inter-Agency Coordinating Committee. This research was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 8 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 54 SI SI BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.11.006 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA CK7GR UT WOS:000356401300015 PM 25463527 ER PT J AU King, K Murphy, S Hoyo, C AF King, Katherine Murphy, Susan Hoyo, Cathrine TI Epigenetic regulation of Newborns' imprinted genes related to gestational growth: patterning by parental race/ethnicity and maternal socioeconomic status SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLATION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; NONCODING RNA; BIRTH-WEIGHT; EARLY-LIFE; HEALTH DISPARITIES; DUTCH FAMINE; IGF2; PREGNANCY AB Background Children born to parents with lower income and education are at risk for obesity and later-life risk of common chronic diseases, and epigenetics has been hypothesised to link these associations. However, epigenetic targets are unknown. We focus on a cluster of well-characterised genomically imprinted genes because their monoallelic expression is regulated by DNA methylation at differentially methylated regions (DMRs), are critical in fetal growth, and DNA methylation patterns at birth have been associated with increased risk of birth weight extremes and overweight status or obesity in early childhood. Methods We measured DNA methylation at DMRs regulating genomically imprinted domains (IGF2/H19, DLK1/MEG3, NNAT and PLAGL1) using umbilical cord blood leucocytes from 619 infants recruited in Durham, North Carolina in 2010-2011. We examined differences in DNA methylation levels by race/ethnicity of both parents, and the role that maternal socioeconomic status (SES) may play in the association between race/ethnic epigenetic differences. Results Unadjusted race/ethnic differences only were evident for DMRs regulating MEG3 and IGF2; race/ethnic differences persisted in IGF2/H19 and NNAT after accounting for income and education. Conclusions Results suggest that parental factors may not only influence DNA methylation, but also do so in ways that vary by DMR. Findings support the hypothesis that epigenetics may link the observed lower SES during the prenatal period and poor outcomes such as low birth weight; lower birth weight has previously been associated with adult-onset chronic diseases and conditions that include cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and some cancers. C1 [King, Katherine] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [King, Katherine] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Community & Family Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Murphy, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. [Hoyo, Cathrine] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP King, K (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM kk183@duke.edu FU DOE/EPA ORISE Fellowship; US Department of Health and Human Services-National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES016772] FX This work was supported by the DOE/EPA ORISE Fellowship, and also by US Department of Health and Human Services-National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES016772). NR 73 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 26 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X EI 1470-2738 J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD JUL PY 2015 VL 69 IS 7 BP 639 EP 647 DI 10.1136/jech-2014-204781 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CK4BS UT WOS:000356164200007 PM 25678712 ER PT J AU Diedrich, DJ Sofield, RM Ranville, JF Hoff, DJ Wall, VD Brinkman, SF AF Diedrich, Daniel J. Sofield, Ruth M. Ranville, James F. Hoff, Dale J. Wall, V. Dan Brinkman, Stephen F. TI The Effects of Chronological Age and Size on Toxicity of Zinc to Juvenile Brown Trout SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAINBOW-TROUT; WATER-QUALITY; CADMIUM; SALMON; NICKEL; GROWTH; COPPER; GILLS; FISH; 1ST AB A series of toxicity tests were conducted to investigate the role of chronological age on zinc tolerance in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta). Four different incubation temperatures were used to control the maturation of the juveniles before zinc exposures. These 96-h exposures used flow-through conditions and four chronological ages of fish with weights ranging from 0.148 to 1.432 g. Time-to-death (TTD) data were collected throughout the exposure along with the final mortality. The results indicate that chronological age does not play a predictable role in zinc tolerance for juvenile brown trout. However, a relationship between zinc tolerance and fish size was observed in all chronological age populations, which prompted us to conduct additional exploratory data analysis to quantify how much of an effect size had during this stage of development. The smallest fish (0.148-0.423 g) were shown to be less sensitive than the largest fish (0.639-1.432 g) with LC50 values of 868 and 354 A mu g Zn/L, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier product estimation method was used to determine survival functions from the TTD data and supports the LC50 results with a greater median TTD for smaller fish than larger juvenile fish. These results indicate that fish size or a related characteristic may be a significant determinant of susceptibility and should be considered in acute zinc toxicity tests with specific attention paid to the expected exposure scenario in the field. C1 [Diedrich, Daniel J.; Sofield, Ruth M.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Diedrich, Daniel J.; Ranville, James F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hoff, Dale J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Wall, V. Dan] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Brinkman, Stephen F.] Ft Collins Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Sofield, RM (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, 516 High St, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. EM ruth.sofield@wwu.edu FU USEPA, Region VIII; Western Washington University, Colorado Division of Wildlife, and Colorado School of Mines FX This research was funded by the USEPA, Region VIII, with support from Western Washington University, Colorado Division of Wildlife, and Colorado School of Mines. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1007/s00244-015-0151-x PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CJ7OJ UT WOS:000355685600014 PM 25822313 ER PT J AU Nadeau, TL Leibowitz, SG Wigington, PJ Ebersole, JL Fritz, KM Coulombe, RA Comeleo, RL Blocksom, KA AF Nadeau, Tracie-Lynn Leibowitz, Scott G. Wigington, Parker J., Jr. Ebersole, Joseph L. Fritz, Ken M. Coulombe, Robert A. Comeleo, Randy L. Blocksom, Karen A. TI Validation of Rapid Assessment Methods to Determine Streamflow Duration Classes in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Streamflow duration; Ephemeral; Intermittent; Rapid assessment; Clean Water Act jurisdiction; Macroinvertebrate indicators ID FORESTED HEADWATER STREAMS; HYDROLOGIC PERMANENCE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; UNITED-STATES; CLASSIFICATION; CONSEQUENCES; SCIENCE; WATER; INTERMITTENT; CONSTRAINTS AB United States Supreme Court rulings have created uncertainty regarding U.S. Clean Water Act (CWA) authority over certain waters, and established new data and analytical requirements for determining CWA jurisdiction. Thus, rapid assessment methods are needed that can differentiate between ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial streams. We report on the validation of several methods. The first (Interim Method) was developed through best professional judgment (BPJ); an alternative (Revised Method) resulted from statistical analysis. We tested the Interim Method on 178 study reaches in Oregon, and constructed the Revised Method based on statistical analysis of the Oregon data. Next, we evaluated the regional applicability of the methods on 86 study reaches across a variety of hydrologic landscapes in Washington and Idaho. During the second phase, we also compared the Revised Method with a similar approach (Combined Method) based on combined field data from Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. We further compared field-based methods with a GIS-based approach (GIS Method) that used the National Hydrography Dataset and a synthetic stream network. Evaluations of all methods compared results with actual streamflow duration classes. The Revised Method correctly determined known streamflow duration 83.9 % of the time, versus 62.3 % accuracy of the Interim Method and 43.6 % accuracy for the GIS-based approach. The Combined Method did not significantly outperform the Revised Method. Analysis showed biological indicators most accurately discriminate streamflow duration classes. While BPJ established a testable hypothesis, this study illustrates the importance of quantitative field testing of rapid assessment methods. Results support a consistent method applicable across the Pacific Northwest. C1 [Nadeau, Tracie-Lynn] US EPA, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Leibowitz, Scott G.; Wigington, Parker J., Jr.; Ebersole, Joseph L.; Comeleo, Randy L.; Blocksom, Karen A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Fritz, Ken M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Coulombe, Robert A.] CSS Dynamac, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Nadeau, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 10,805 SW Broadway,Suite 500, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM nadeau.tracie@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA Region 10; EPA's Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds; Regional Applied Research and Regional Research Partners Award programs; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-D-11-027] FX Many thanks are due to Blake Hatteberg, Lindsey Webb, Shawn Majors, Rachel LovellFord, and Howard Bruner for field data collection assistance over the course of the study. Jess Jordan, Mike Turaski, Pete Ryan, and Brian Topping provided helpful insight to implementation and results from the Oregon phase of the study. We are grateful to colleagues across the Pacific Northwest who provided local knowledge for study site reconnaissance and/or additional hydrological observations at study reaches: John Olson, Jess Jordan, Yvonne Vallette, Linda Storm, Jim Zokan, and Tina Tong. We acknowledge the U.S. Forest Service, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Coeur d'Alene Tribe, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and McDonald Forest for allowing site access, and thank Brian Stabb, Michael Rule, Angelo Vitale, and Rosemary Mazaika for facilitating access. We thank the U.S. EPA Region 10, EPA's Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, and the Regional Applied Research and Regional Research Partners Award programs for funding to support the study. The information in this document has been funded entirely by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in part through contract #EP-D-11-027 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to EPA's peer and administrative review and approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that greatly improved the manuscript. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 56 IS 1 BP 34 EP 53 DI 10.1007/s00267-015-0466-4 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CJ6RL UT WOS:000355621100004 PM 25931296 ER PT J AU McAlexander, MA Gavett, SH Kollarik, M Undem, BJ AF McAlexander, M. Allen Gavett, Stephen H. Kollarik, Marian Undem, Bradley J. TI Vagotomy reverses established allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity to methacholine in the mouse SO RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Allergic inflammation; Vagus nerve; Reflex; Vagotomy; Particulate matter; Airway hyperreactivity ID BRONCHOPULMONARY C-FIBERS; SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS; GUINEA-PIGS; INFLAMMATION; MICE; NEURONS; REFLEX; NERVES; HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; RESPONSIVENESS AB We evaluated the role of vagal reflexes in a mouse model of allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity. Mice were actively sensitized to ovalbumin then exposed to the allergen via inhalation. Prior to ovalbumin inhalation, mice also received intratracheally-instilled particulate matter in order to boost the allergic response. In control mice, methacholine (i.v.) caused a dose-dependent increase in respiratory tract resistance (RT) that only modestly decreased if the vagi were severed bilaterally just prior to the methacholine challenge. Sensitized and challenged mice, however, manifested an airway reactivity increase that was abolished by severing the vagi prior to methacholine challenge. In an innervated ex vivo mouse lung model, methacholine selectively evoked action potential discharge in a subset of distension-sensitive A-fibers. These data support the hypothesis that the major component of the increased airway reactivity in inflamed mice is due to a vagal reflex initiated by activation of afferent fibers, even in response to a direct (i.e., smooth muscle)-acting Muscarinic agonist. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McAlexander, M. Allen] Duke Univ, Integrated Toxicol Program, Durham, NC USA. [Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, NHEERL, EPHD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kollarik, Marian; Undem, Bradley J.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Undem, BJ (reprint author), 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. EM Bundem@jhmi.edu FU US EPA-Duke University Cooperative agreement [CT826514]; National Institute of Health [HL038095] FX The authors wish to thank Najwa Haykal-Coates for expert technical assistance. Funding provided by US EPA-Duke University Cooperative agreement # CT826514 and National Institute of Health grant HL038095. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1569-9048 EI 1878-1519 J9 RESP PHYSIOL NEUROBI JI Respir. Physiol. Neuro. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 212 BP 20 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.resp.2015.03.007 PG 5 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA CK0ID UT WOS:000355888000003 PM 25842220 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, I Hou, WC Goodwin, D Henderson, M Zepp, RG Bouchard, D AF Chowdhury, Indranil Hou, Wen-Che Goodwin, David Henderson, Matthew Zepp, Richard G. Bouchard, Dermont TI Sunlight affects aggregation and deposition of graphene oxide in the aquatic environment SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Graphene oxide; Photo-transformation; Sunlight; Transport; Aggregation ID FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; PHOTO-FENTON REACTION; HUMIC-ACID; NANOMATERIALS; WATER; NANOSHEETS; SURFACES AB In this study, we investigate the role of simulated sunlight on the physicochemical properties, aggregation, and deposition Of graphene oxide (GO) in aquatic environments. Results show that light exposure under varied environmental conditions significantly impacts the physicochemical properties and aggregation/deposition behaviors of GO. Phototransformation has negligible effects on GO surface charge, however, GO aggregation rates increase with irradiation time for direct photo-transformation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, photo-reduced GO has a greater tendency to form aggregates than under aerobic conditions. Aggregation of phototransformed GO is notably influenced by ion valence, with higher aggregation found in the presence of divalent ions versus monovalent, but adding natural organic matter (NOM) reduces it. QCM-D studies show that deposition of GO on surfaces coated with organic matter decreases with increased GO irradiation time, indicating a potential increase in GO mobility due to photo-transformation. General deposition trends on Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA)-coated surfaces are control GO > aerobically photo-transformed GO approximate to anaerobically photo-transformed GO. The release of deposited GO from SRHA-coated surfaces decreases with increased irradiation time, indicating that phototransformed GO is strongly attached to the NOM-coated surface. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chowdhury, Indranil; Hou, Wen-Che] US EPA, Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hou, Wen-Che] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Goodwin, David] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Henderson, Matthew; Zepp, Richard G.; Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Chowdhury.Indranil@epa.gov; Bouchard.Dermont@epa.gov RI Hou, Wen-Che/F-5736-2011 OI Hou, Wen-Che/0000-0001-9884-2932 FU National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at EPA; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan [MOST 103-2221-E-006-015-MY3] FX Funding for Indranil Chowdhury was provided by a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at EPA. Additional financial support for Wen-Che Hou provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (for Hou) under grant number MOST 103-2221-E-006-015-MY3 is acknowledged. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 25 U2 133 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2015 VL 78 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.001 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CJ8SS UT WOS:000355774400005 PM 25898251 ER PT J AU Yee, SH Carriger, JF Bradley, P Fisher, WS Dyson, B AF Yee, Susan Harrell Carriger, John F. Bradley, Patricia Fisher, William S. Dyson, Brian TI Developing scientific information to support decisions for sustainable coral reef ecosystem services SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE DPSIR framework; Coral reefs; Ecosystem goods and services; Structured decision-making (SDM); Watershed management ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; REGION-WIDE DECLINES; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; DPSIR FRAMEWORK; LAND-USE; SCIENCE; INDICATORS; IMPACT; FISH; TOOL AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recently realigned its research enterprise around the concept of sustainability, including improving understanding of benefits derived from ecosystems. We provide an example of how EPA is applying structured decision-making (SDM) as a framework for guiding development of scientific information, data, and models to support watershed and marine-based management in coastal communities. In particular, we have been using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model as a tool in the SDM process to identify and assemble a broadly applicable suite of information with relevancy for coastal management, including 1) development of conceptual models to clarify the decision context 2) identification of measurements of ecosystem attributes, ecosystem goods and services, and their connection to stakeholder objectives, 3) elaboration of potential decision alternatives, and 4) identification of ecosystem production and valuation functions for modeling consequences of decision alternatives on benefits derived from coral reefs. Finally, we overview how this information is being applied for two case studies: development of water quality criteria and watershed management to protect coastal resources. We posit that applying a systems thinking framework, such as DPSIR, within a structured decision-making approach will better enable marine ecosystem managers to utilize scientific information toward more sustainable decision-making. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yee, Susan Harrell; Carriger, John F.; Fisher, William S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Bradley, Patricia] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Dyson, Brian] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Yee, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM yee.susan@epa.gov NR 126 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 115 SI SI BP 39 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.02.016 PG 12 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA CI9AC UT WOS:000355061800006 ER PT J AU Craig, EA Yan, ZY Zhao, QJ AF Craig, Evisabel A. Yan, Zhongyu Zhao, Q. Jay TI The relationship between chemical-induced kidney weight increases and kidney histopathology in rats SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE absolute kidney weight; relative kidney weight; kidney histopathology; renal toxicity; risk assessment ID ORGAN WEIGHT; TOXICITY; SOCIETY AB The kidney is a major site of chemical excretion, which results in its propensity to exhibit chemically-induced toxicological effects at a higher rate than most other organs. Although the kidneys are often weighed in animal toxicity studies, the manner in which these kidney weight measurements are interpreted and the value of this information in predicting renal damage remains controversial. In this study we sought to determine whether a relationship exists between chemically-induced kidney weight changes and renal histopathological alterations. We also examined the relative utility of absolute and relative (kidney-to-body weight ratio) kidney weight in the prediction of renal toxicity. For this, data extracted from oral chemical exposure studies in rats performed by the National Toxicology Program were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Our analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between absolute, but not relative, kidney weight and renal histopathology in chemically-treated rats. This positive correlation between absolute kidney weight and histopathology was observed even with compounds that statistically decreased terminal body weight. Also, changes in absolute kidney weight, which occurred at subchronic exposures, were able to predict the presence or absence of kidney histopathology at both subchronic and chronic exposures. Furthermore, most increases in absolute kidney weight reaching statistical significance (irrespective of the magnitude of change) were found to be relevant for the prediction of histopathological changes. Hence, our findings demonstrate that the evaluation of absolute kidney weight is a useful method for identifying potential renal toxicants. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Craig, Evisabel A.; Yan, Zhongyu] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Craig, Evisabel A.; Yan, Zhongyu; Zhao, Q. Jay] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Zhao, QJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM zhao.jay@epa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0260-437X EI 1099-1263 J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 35 IS 7 BP 729 EP 736 DI 10.1002/jat.3036 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CJ2QT UT WOS:000355330300005 PM 25092041 ER PT J AU Karim, MR Fout, GS Johnson, CH White, KM Parshionikar, SU AF Karim, Mohammad R. Fout, G. Shay Johnson, Clifford H. White, Karen M. Parshionikar, Sandhya U. TI Propidium monoazide reverse transcriptase PCR and RT-qPCR for detecting infectious enterovirus and norovirus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Propidium monoazide; UV; Enteric virus; Norovirus ID DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; MURINE NOROVIRUS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; ETHIDIUM MONOAZIDE; INACTIVATION; OUTBREAKS; SURVEILLANCE; SURROGATES AB Presently there is no established cell line or small animal model that allows for the detection of infectious human norovirus. Current methods based on RT-PCR and RT-qPCR detect both infectious and non-infectious virus and thus the conclusions that may be drawn regarding the public health significance of positive findings are limited. In this study, PMA RT-PCR and RT-qPCR assays were evaluated for selective detection of infectious poliovirus, murine norovirus (MNV-1), and Norwalk virus. Viruses were inactivated using heat, chlorine, and ultraviolet light (UV). Infectious and non-infectious viruses were treated with PMA before RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. PMA RT-PCR was able to differentiate selectively between infectious and heat and chlorine inactivated poliovirus. PMA RT-PCR was able to differentiate selectively between infectious and noninfectious murine norovirus only when inactivated by chlorine. However, PMA RT-PCR could not differentiate infectious Norwalk virus from virus particles rendered non-infectious by any treatment. PMA RT-PCR assay was not able to differentiate between infectious and UV inactivated viruses suggesting that viral capsid damage may be necessary for PMA to enter and bind to the viral genome. PMA RT-PCR on naked MNV-1 and Norwalk virus RNA suggest that PMA RT-PCR can be used to detect intact, potentially infectious MNV-1 and Norwalk viruses and can be used to exclude the detection of free viral RNA by PCR assay. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Karim, Mohammad R.; Parshionikar, Sandhya U.] US EPA, Tech Support Ctr, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fout, G. Shay] US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Johnson, Clifford H.; White, Karen M.] US EPA, Microbial Contaminant Control Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Fout, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, 26 W,Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM fout.shay@epa.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; United States Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Water, Technical Support Center FX This research has been funded by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Mohammad R. Karim was supported through an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Water, Technical Support Center, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an Interagency Agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUL PY 2015 VL 219 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.02.020 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA CI8RX UT WOS:000355040500009 PM 25796356 ER PT J AU Vinikoor-Imler, LC Stewart, TG Luben, TJ Davis, JA Langlois, PH AF Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C. Stewart, Thomas G. Luben, Thomas J. Davis, J. Allen Langlois, Peter H. TI An exploratory analysis of the relationship between ambient ozone and particulate matter concentrations during early pregnancy and selected birth defects in Texas SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Ozone; Particulate matter; Birth defects ID CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; MATERNAL RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; AIR-POLLUTION; INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES; WASTE SITES; ORAL CLEFTS; TRAFFIC EXPOSURES; ANOMALIES; RISK AB We performed an exploratory analysis of ozone (O-3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations during early pregnancy and multiple types of birth defects. Data on births were obtained from the Texas Birth Defects Registry (TBDR) and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) in Texas. Air pollution concentrations were previously determined by combining modeled air pollution concentrations with air monitoring data. The analysis generated hypotheses for future, confirmatory studies; although many of the observed associations were null. The hypotheses are provided by an observed association between O-3 and craniosynostosis and inverse associations between PM2.5 and septal and obstructive heart defects in the TBDR. Associations with PM2.5 for septal heart defects and ventricular outflow tract obstructions were null using the NBDPS. Both the TBDR and the NBPDS had inverse associations between O-3 and septal heart defects. Further research to confirm the observed associations is warranted. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C.; Luben, Thomas J.; Davis, J. Allen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stewart, Thomas G.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX 78714 USA. RP Vinikoor-Imler, LC (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr Attn MD B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM vinikoor-imler.lisa@epa.gov; tgs@email.unc.edu; luben.tom@epa.gov; davis.allen@epa.gov; peter.langlois@dshs.state.tx.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DD000494]; Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) [U01DD000494]; Office of Title V; Family Health, Texas DSHS FX This publication was supported in part through a cooperative agreement (U01DD000494) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). This publication was also supported in part by Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds from the Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JUL PY 2015 VL 202 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.001 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI2MO UT WOS:000354581900001 PM 25782177 ER PT J AU Karapetyan, K Batchelor, C Sharpe, D Tkachenko, V Williams, AJ AF Karapetyan, Karen Batchelor, Colin Sharpe, David Tkachenko, Valery Williams, Antony J. TI The Chemical Validation and Standardization Platform (CVSP): large-scale automated validation of chemical structure datasets SO JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Chemistry; Validation; cvsp ID CHEMISTRY DATABASES; DRUG DISCOVERY; RESOURCE; QUALITY AB Background: There are presently hundreds of online databases hosting millions of chemical compounds and associated data. As a result of the number of cheminformatics software tools that can be used to produce the data, subtle differences between the various cheminformatics platforms, as well as the naivety of the software users, there are a myriad of issues that can exist with chemical structure representations online. In order to help facilitate validation and standardization of chemical structure datasets from various sources we have delivered a freely available internet-based platform to the community for the processing of chemical compound datasets. Results: The chemical validation and standardization platform (CVSP) both validates and standardizes chemical structure representations according to sets of systematic rules. The chemical validation algorithms detect issues with submitted molecular representations using pre-defined or user-defined dictionary-based molecular patterns that are chemically suspicious or potentially requiring manual review. Each identified issue is assigned one of three levels of severity Information, Warning, and Error - in order to conveniently inform the user of the need to browse and review subsets of their data. The validation process includes validation of atoms and bonds (e.g., making aware of query atoms and bonds), valences, and stereo. The standard form of submission of collections of data, the SDF file, allows the user to map the data fields to predefined CVSP fields for the purpose of cross-validating associated SMILES and InChIs with the connection tables contained within the SDF file. This platform has been applied to the analysis of a large number of data sets prepared for deposition to our ChemSpider database and in preparation of data for the Open PHACTS project. In this work we review the results of the automated validation of the DrugBank dataset, a popular drug and drug target database utilized by the community, and ChEMBL 17 data set. CVSP web site is located at http://cvsp.chemspider.com/. Conclusion: A platform for the validation and standardization of chemical structure representations of various formats has been developed and made available to the community to assist and encourage the processing of chemical structure files to produce more homogeneous compound representations for exchange and interchange between online databases. While the CVSP platform is designed with flexibility inherent to the rules that can be used for processing the data we have produced a recommended rule set based on our own experiences with the large data sets such as DrugBank, ChEMBL, and data sets from ChemSpider. C1 [Karapetyan, Karen; Tkachenko, Valery; Williams, Antony J.] US Off, Royal Soc Chem, Wake Forest, NC 27587 USA. [Williams, Antony J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Karapetyan, K (reprint author), US Off, Royal Soc Chem, 904 Tamaras Circle, Wake Forest, NC 27587 USA. EM karapetk@gmail.com FU Innovative Medicines Initiative [115191]; European Union; EFPIA FX The research leading to these results has received support from the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115191, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) and EFPIA companies' in-kind contribution. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1758-2946 J9 J CHEMINFORMATICS JI J. Cheminformatics PD JUN 19 PY 2015 VL 7 AR 30 DI 10.1186/s13321-015-0072-8 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA CM3CG UT WOS:000357558700001 PM 26155308 ER PT J AU Dave, AC Lozier, MS AF Dave, Apurva C. Lozier, M. Susan TI The impact of advection on stratification and chlorophyll variability in the equatorial Pacific SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ocean; climate; ecosystem; advection ID TROPICAL PACIFIC; SUBTROPICAL GYRE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON FLUXES; EL-NINO; OCEAN; PHYTOPLANKTON; PRODUCTIVITY AB Previously reported global-scale correlations between interannual variability in upper ocean stratification and chlorophyll a (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) have been shown to be driven by strong associations between the two properties in the central and western equatorial Pacific. Herein, we present evidence that these correlations are not causal but instead result from the advection of heat, salt, and nutrients in the region. Specifically, we demonstrate that stratification and chlorophyll are simultaneously influenced by shifts in the horizontal advective inputs of cold/saline/nutrient-rich waters from upwelling regions to the east and warm/fresh/nutrient-poor waters to the west. We find that horizontal advection contributes substantially to the annual surface layer nutrient budget and, together with vertical advection, significantly impacts interannual variability in chlorophyll. These results highlight the importance of a three-dimensional framework for examining nutrient supply in the upper oceana crucial requirement for assessing future marine ecosystem responses to a changing climate. C1 [Dave, Apurva C.; Lozier, M. Susan] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Dave, Apurva C.] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Dave, AC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM apurva.dave@duke.edu FU NASA [NNX13AC94GS01] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the data sources utilized for this analysis, as well as funding support from NASA grant NNX13AC94GS01. All of the primary data used in this analysis are in the public domain and can be obtained using the URLs provided in section 2 of the main text and supplementary information. Files containing the software code and calculated results used to create our figures and tables are digitally archived at the Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences in the Nicholas School for the Environment at Duke University. These files are also publicly available upon request to the corresponding author or the Division office (contact info at http://nicholas.duke.edu/eos). Both authors contributed extensively to the work presented in this paper. A.C.D. and M.S.L. jointly designed the analyses and interpreted the results. A.C.D. performed the computational work and composed the drafts of the manuscript, figures, and responses to reviewers' comments. Both authors jointly edited the manuscript, figures, and responses to reviewers' comments at each stage of preparation. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 11 BP 4523 EP 4531 DI 10.1002/2015GL063290 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CM2LI UT WOS:000357511200034 ER PT J AU Scanlan, LD Loguinov, AV Teng, Q Antczak, P Dailey, KP Nowinski, DT Kornbluh, J Lin, XX Lachenauer, E Arai, A Douglas, NK Falciani, F Stapleton, HM Vulpe, CD AF Scanlan, Leona D. Loguinov, Alexandre V. Teng, Quincy Antczak, Philipp Dailey, Kathleen P. Nowinski, Daniel T. Kornbluh, Jonah Lin, Xin Xin Lachenauer, Erica Arai, Audrey Douglas, Nora K. Falciani, Francesco Stapleton, Heather M. Vulpe, Chris D. TI Gene Transcription, Metabolite and Lipid Profiling in Eco-Indicator Daphnia magna Indicate Diverse Mechanisms of Toxicity by Legacy and Emerging Flame-Retardants SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HOUSE-DUST; FIREMASTER(R) BZ-54; DNA-DAMAGE; PHASE-OUT; IDENTIFICATION; ZEBRAFISH; PBDES; WATER; ZOOPLANKTON AB The use of chemical flame-retardants (FR) in consumer products has steadily increased over the last 30 years. Toxicity data exist for legacy FRs such as pentabromodiphenyl ether (pentaBDE), but less is known about effects of new formulations. To address this issue, the toxicity of seven FR chemicals and formulations was assessed on the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. Acute 48-h nominal LC50 values for penta- and octabromodiphenyl ether (pentaBDE, octaBDE), Firemaster 550 (FM550), Firemaster BZ-54 (BZ54), bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), and nonbrominated BEH-TEBP analog bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (BEHP) ranged from 0.058 mg/L (pentaBDE) to 3.96 mg/L (octaBDE). mRNA expression, H-1 NMR-based metabolomic and lipidomic profiling at 1/10 LC50 revealed distinct patterns of molecular response for each exposure, suggesting pentaPBDE affects transcription and translation, octaBDE and BEH-TEBP affect glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and BZ54 affects Wnt and Hedgehog signal pathways as well as glycosaminoglycan degradation. Brominated components of FM550 (i.e., BZ54) were significantly higher in Daphnia after 48 h following 1/10 LC50 exposure. FM550 elicited significant mRNA changes at five concentrations across a range from 1/10(6) LC50 to 1/2 LC50. Analyses suggest FM550 impairs nutrient utilization or uptake in Daphnia. C1 [Scanlan, Leona D.; Loguinov, Alexandre V.; Dailey, Kathleen P.; Nowinski, Daniel T.; Kornbluh, Jonah; Lin, Xin Xin; Lachenauer, Erica; Arai, Audrey; Vulpe, Chris D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Teng, Quincy] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Antczak, Philipp; Falciani, Francesco] Univ Liverpool, Inst Integrat Biol, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Douglas, Nora K.; Stapleton, Heather M.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Vulpe, CD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cvulpe@ufl.edu FU NSF [CBET-1066358, EPS 0236913, MCB 0455318, DBI 0521587]; NIEHS [R01ES016099]; NERC [NE/1028246/2] FX This work was supported by NSF CBET-1066358 to C.D.V., NIEHS R01ES016099 to H.M.S., and NERC Grant NE/1028246/2 to F.F. The lipid analyses performed at Kansas Lipidomics Research Center Analytical Laboratory were supported by NSF EPS 0236913, MCB 0455318, and DBI 0521587. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. TOC graphic image was taken at the U.C. Berkeley College of Natural Resources Biological Imaging Facility. NR 100 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 17 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 16 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 12 BP 7400 EP 7410 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00977 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CL2EA UT WOS:000356755200035 PM 25985095 ER PT J AU Lewis, MA Russell, MJ AF Lewis, M. A. Russell, M. J. TI Contaminant profiles for surface water, sediment, flora and fauna associated with the mangrove fringe along middle and lower eastern Tampa Bay SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Tampa Bay; Bioaccumulation; Flora; Fauna; Contaminants ID FISH; MERCURY; TISSUE AB Contaminant concentrations are reported for surface water, sediment, flora and fauna collected during 2010-2011 from the mangrove fringe along eastern Tampa Bay, Florida. Concentrations of trace metals, chlorinated pesticides, atrazine, total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls were species-, chemical- and location-specific. Contaminants in sediments did not exceed proposed individual sediment quality guidelines. Most sediment quality assessment quotients were less than one indicating the likelihood of no inhibitory effect based on chemical measurements alone. Faunal species typically contained more contaminants than plant species; seagrass usually contained more chemicals than mangroves. Bioconcentration factors for marine angiosperms were usually less than 10 and ranged between 1 and 31. Mercury concentrations (ppm) in blue crabs and fish did not exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fish tissue criterion of 0.3 and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration action level of 1.0. In contrast, total mercury concentrations in faunal species often exceeded guideline values for wildlife consumers of aquatic biota. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lewis, M. A.; Russell, M. J.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Lewis, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lewis.michael@epa.gov; russell.marc@epa.gov NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 95 IS 1 BP 273 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.04.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CL1YO UT WOS:000356741000041 PM 25931177 ER PT J AU Sundaravadivelu, D Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Sundaravadivelu, Devi Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Parametric study to determine the effect of temperature on oil solidifier performance and the development of a new empirical correlation for predicting effectiveness SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Oil solidifier; Oil spill; Solidifier effectiveness; Temperature; Oil viscosity; Powder bulk density ID SPILL CLEANUP AB Temperature can play a significant role in the efficacy of solidifiers in removing oil slicks on water. We studied and quantified the effect of temperature on the performance of several solidifiers using 5 different types of oils under a newly developed testing protocol by conducting experiments in constant temperature rooms set at 22 degrees C and 5 degrees C. The results indicated that solidifier efficiency decreased substantially at the lower temperature, especially at lower application rates. The removal efficiency of the solidifier was in general directly proportional to temperature, except for the heavier oils, where removal by attachment was observed. Solidifier products with lower powder bulk density exhibited the best removal effectiveness. Analysis of experimental data yielded empirical correlations involving certain operational variables such as application rate, temperature, solidifier property (bulk density), and oil property (viscosity). Regression analysis was used to fit a mathematical model to the experimental solidifier effectiveness data. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sundaravadivelu, Devi] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb FU U.S. EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH [EP-C-11-006] FX This research was supported in part by U.S. EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH under Contract No. EP-C-11-006. The use of trade names or commercial products is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any agency of the U.S. Government. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 95 IS 1 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.027 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CL1YO UT WOS:000356741000044 PM 25818855 ER PT J AU Brunetti, G Donner, E Laera, G Sekine, R Scheckel, KG Khaksar, M Vasilev, K De Mastro, G Lombi, E AF Brunetti, Gianluca Donner, Erica Laera, Giuseppe Sekine, Ryo Scheckel, Kirk G. Khaksar, Maryam Vasilev, Krasimir De Mastro, Giuseppe Lombi, Enzo TI Fate of zinc and silver engineered nanoparticles in sewerage networks SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Silver; Zinc oxide; Nanoparticles; Sewer; Fate; Transformations ID WATER TREATMENT-PLANT; WASTE-WATER; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; TRANSFORMATION; IMPACT; NANOMATERIALS; SULFIDATION; RESISTANCE; BIOFILMS; KINETICS AB Engineered zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) used in consumer products are largely released into the environment through the wastewater stream. Limited information is available regarding the transformations they undergo during their transit through sewerage systems before reaching wastewater treatment plants. To address this knowledge gap, laboratory-scale systems fed with raw wastewater were used to evaluate the transformation of ZnO- and Ag-NPs within sewerage transfer networks. Two experimental systems were established and spiked with either Ag- and ZnO-NPs or with their dissolved salts, and the wastewater influent and effluent samples from both systems were thoroughly characterised. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to assess the extent of the chemical transformation of both forms of Zn and Ag during transport through the model systems. The results indicated that both ZnO- and Ag-NPs underwent significant transformation during their transport through the sewerage network. Reduced sulphur species represented the most important endpoint for these NPs in the sewer with slight differences in terms of speciation; ZnO converted largely to Zn sulfide, while Ag was also sorbed to cysteine and histidine. Importantly, both ionic Ag and Ag-NPs formed secondary Ag sulfide nanoparticles in the sewerage network as revealed by TEM analysis. Ag-cysteine was also shown to be a major species in biofilms. These results were verified in the field using recently developed nanoparticle in situ deployment devices (nIDDs) which were exposed directly to sewerage network conditions by immersing them into a municipal wastewater network trunk sewer and then retrieving them for XAS analysis. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brunetti, Gianluca; Donner, Erica; Sekine, Ryo; Lombi, Enzo] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Laera, Giuseppe] CNR, Ist Ric Acque, I-70123 Bari, Italy. [Khaksar, Maryam; Vasilev, Krasimir] Univ S Australia, Mawson Inst, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Brunetti, Gianluca; De Mastro, Giuseppe] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Agr & Environm Sci DISAAT, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Brunetti, G (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Bldg X,Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. EM gianluca.brunetti@unisa.edu.au; erica.donner@unisa.edu.au; giuseppe.laera@ba.irsa.cnr.it; ryo.sekine@unisa.edu.au; scheckel.kirk@epa.gov; maryam.khaksar@mymail.unisa.edu.au; Krasimir.Vasilev@unisa.edu.au; giuseppe.demastro@uniba.it; enzo.lombi@unisa.edu.au RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Sekine, Ryo/F-3721-2013; Donner, Erica/A-4809-2012; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013; Laera, Giuseppe/F-8118-2010; OI Sekine, Ryo/0000-0001-9980-0603; Donner, Erica/0000-0001-6465-2233; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375; Laera, Giuseppe/0000-0002-3186-152X; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Australian Research Council [FT100100337, FT100100292, FT130101003, DP120101115]; DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is part of the project "Fate and effects of manufactured nanoparticles in biological wastewater treatment and sludge-soil interactions" within the Regione Puglia-South Australia Research Collaboration Program. Financial support from the Australian Research Council is also gratefully acknowledged (FT100100337 to E.L., FT100100292 to K.V., FT130101003 to E.D. and DP120101115 to E.L. K.V. and E.D.; The Australian Synchrotron is gratefully acknowledged for the beamtime on the X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy beamline. The Advanced Photon Source (APS, Argonne, Illinois, USA) is acknowledged for the allocation of beamtime. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 25 U2 117 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 72 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.003 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CI8RS UT WOS:000355040000007 PM 25841090 ER PT J AU Chen, ASC Sorg, TJ Wang, LL AF Chen, Abraham S. C. Sorg, Thomas J. Wang, Lili TI Regeneration of iron-based adsorptive media used for removing arsenic from groundwater SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Iron media; Regeneration; Laboratory tests ID GRANULAR FERRIC HYDROXIDE; OF-USE TREATMENT; DRINKING-WATER; ACTIVATED ALUMINA; FIELD-EVALUATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; OXIDE MINERALS; POTABLE WATER; ADSORBENTS; SORPTION AB Adsorptive media technology is regarded as a simple, low cost method of removing arsenic from drinking water particularly for small systems. Currently, when the effluent of a treatment system reaches the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 ug/L, the exhausted media is removed and replaced by new virgin media. Although the commonly used iron-based media products are reasonable in price, the replacement cost accounts for around 80% of the systems total operational costs. One option to media replacement is on-site regeneration and reuse of the exhausted media. To determine whether an iron based media can be successfully regenerated and reused, laboratory batch and column regeneration tests were conducted on six exhausted iron-based media products obtained from six full scale arsenic removal treatment systems. Batch tests conducted on three of the media products to evaluate the effectiveness of 1-6% caustic regenerant solutions found that arsenic desorption increased until around 4%. Using 4% caustic solutions, the columns tests on the six exhausted media products showed arsenic removals ranged from 25 to 90% with the best results obtained with the Severn Trent E33 media. Exposing the media to caustic (pH >= 13) and acid (pH <= 2) solutions found minimal media loss with the caustic solution, but significant media dissolution with a pH 2 acid solution. A six column pilot plant test at an Ohio test site with the lab regenerated media products found that the regenerated media could achieve arsenic removals somewhat similar to virgin media. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Abraham S. C.] ALSA Tech LLC, North Potomac, MD 20878 USA. [Sorg, Thomas J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wang, Lili] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sorg, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sorg.thomas@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded, managed and collaborated in the research described herein. This paper has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 85 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.004 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CI8RS UT WOS:000355040000008 PM 25846985 ER PT J AU Ki, SJ Ray, C Hantush, MM AF Ki, Seo Jin Ray, Chittaranjan Hantush, Mohamed M. TI Applying a statewide geospatial leaching tool for assessing soil vulnerability ratings for agrochemicals across the contiguous United States SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE National soil vulnerability maps; Tier 1 assessment; Chemical leaching tool; Subsurface processes; Agrochemical contamination; Diffuse pollution ID SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; DRINKING-WATER; SCREENING TOOL; PESTICIDES; MODELS; FLOW; TRANSPORT; VOLATILE; NITRATE; HYDRUS AB A large-scale leaching assessment tool not only illustrates soil (or groundwater) vulnerability in unmonitored areas, but also can identify areas of potential concern for agrochemical contamination. This study describes the methodology of how the statewide leaching tool in Hawaii modified recently for use with pesticides and volatile organic compounds can be extended to the national assessment of soil vulnerability ratings. For this study, the tool was updated by extending the soil and recharge maps to cover the lower 48 states in the United States (US). In addition, digital maps of annual pesticide use (at a national scale) as well as detailed soil properties and monthly recharge rates (at high spatial and temporal resolutions) were used to examine variations in the leaching (loads) of pesticides for the upper soil horizons. Results showed that the extended tool successfully delineated areas of high to low vulnerability to selected pesticides. The leaching potential was high for picloram, medium for simazine, and low to negligible for 2,4-D and glyphosate. The mass loadings of picloram moving below 0.5 m depth increased greatly in northwestern and central US that recorded its extensive use in agricultural crops. However, in addition to the amount of pesticide used, annual leaching load of atrazine was also affected by other factors that determined the intrinsic aquifer vulnerability such as soil and recharge properties. Spatial and temporal resolutions of digital maps had a great effect on the leaching potential of pesticides, requiring a trade-off between data availability and accuracy. Potential applications of this tool include the rapid, large-scale vulnerability assessments for emerging contaminants which are hard to quantify directly through vadose zone models due to lack of full environmental data. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ki, Seo Jin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Ki, Seo Jin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Ray, Chittaranjan] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Water Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hantush, Mohamed M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ray, C (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Water Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM cray@nebraska.edu FU Safe Drinking Water Branch in the Hawaii State Department of Health [4500114, ASO LOG 14-106, 6102315, ASO LOG 14-164] FX This research was supported by two projects under the Safe Drinking Water Branch in the Hawaii State Department of Health: "Modeling to support monitoring waiver for selected wells in Hawaii (project number 4500114; grant number ASO LOG 14-106)" and "Development of an enhanced groundwater vulnerability tool in Hawaii for pharmaceuticals (project number 6102315; grant number ASO LOG 14-164)". The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of geospatial data provided by the United States (US) federal agencies, the US Department of Agriculture and US Geological Survey. The research has not been subject to the US Environmental Protection Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.009 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CI8RS UT WOS:000355040000010 PM 25864002 ER PT J AU Xue, XB Schoen, ME Ma, X Hawkins, TR Ashbolt, NJ Cashdollar, J Garland, J AF Xue, Xiaobo Schoen, Mary E. (Cissy) Ma, Xin Hawkins, Troy R. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Cashdollar, Jennifer Garland, Jay TI Critical insights for a sustainability framework to address integrated community water services: Technical metrics and approaches SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water services; Sustainability; System analysis; Integrated water management; Environment ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; SEWAGE-SLUDGE TREATMENT; DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS; HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; WASTE-WATER; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; URBAN WATER; SUPPLY-SYSTEMS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AB Planning for sustainable community water systems requires a comprehensive understanding and assessment of the integrated source-drinking-wastewater systems over their life-cycles. Although traditional life cycle assessment and similar tools (e.g. footprints and emergy) have been applied to elements of these water services (i.e. water resources, drinking water, stormwater or wastewater treatment alone), we argue for the importance of developing and combining the system-based tools and metrics in order to holistically evaluate the complete water service system based on the concept of integrated resource management. We analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of key system-based tools and metrics, and discuss future directions to identify more sustainable municipal water services. Such efforts may include the need for novel metrics that address system adaptability to future changes and infrastructure robustness. Caution is also necessary when coupling fundamentally different tools so to avoid misunderstanding and consequently misleading decision-making. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xue, Xiaobo] US EPA, ORISE, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Schoen, Mary E.] Soller Environm, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [(Cissy) Ma, Xin; Hawkins, Troy R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Cashdollar, Jennifer; Garland, Jay] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ma, X (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Xue.Xiaobo@epa.gov; mschoen@sollerenvironmental.com; Ma.Cissy@epa.gov; thawkins@enviance.com; ashbolt@ualberta.ca; Cashdollar.Jennifer@epa.gov; Garland.Jay@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development through the ORISE Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program FX This project was partially supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development through the ORISE Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program and other project-related supports. The authors would like to acknowledge Michael Gonzalez at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for his insightful suggestions. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Any mention of specific products or processes does not represent endorsement by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 140 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 59 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 155 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.017 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CI8RS UT WOS:000355040000014 PM 25864006 ER PT J AU Michael-Kordatou, I Michael, C Duan, X He, X Dionysiou, DD Mills, MA Fatta-Kassinos, D AF Michael-Kordatou, I. Michael, C. Duan, X. He, X. Dionysiou, D. D. Mills, M. A. Fatta-Kassinos, D. TI Dissolved effluent organic matter: Characteristics and potential implications in wastewater treatment and reuse applications SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biological effects; Dissolved effluent organic matter; Effluent organic matter; Metal complexation; Toxicity; Wastewater treatment and reuse ID ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; SOLUBLE MICROBIAL PRODUCTS; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVATED CARBON; TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; ION-EXCHANGE MIEX(R); PHOTO-FENTON PROCESS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Wastewater reuse is currently considered globally as the most critical element of sustainable water management. The dissolved effluent organic matter (dE(f)OM) present in biologically treated urban wastewater, consists of a heterogeneous mixture of refractory organic compounds with diverse structures and varying origin, including dissolved natural organic matter, soluble microbial products, endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products residues, disinfection by-products, metabolites/transformation products and others, which can reach the aquatic environment through discharge and reuse applications. dE(f)OM constitutes the major fraction of the effluent organic matter (EfOM) and due to its chemical complexity, it is necessary to utilize a battery of complementary techniques to adequately describe its structural and functional character. dE(f)OM has been shown to exhibit contrasting effects towards various aquatic organisms. It decreases metal uptake, thus potentially reducing their bioavailability to exposed organisms. On the other hand, dE(f)OM can be adsorbed on cell membranes inducing toxic effects. This review paper evaluates the performance of various advanced treatment processes (i.e., membrane filtration and separation processes, activated carbon adsorption, ion-exchange resin process, and advanced chemical oxidation processes) in removing dE(f)OM from wastewater effluents. In general, the literature findings reveal that dE(f)OM removal by advanced treatment processes depends on the type and the amount of organic compounds present in the aqueous matrix, as well as the operational parameters and the removal mechanisms taking place during the application of each treatment technology. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Michael-Kordatou, I.; Michael, C.; Duan, X.; He, X.; Dionysiou, D. D.; Fatta-Kassinos, D.] Univ Cyprus, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Michael-Kordatou, I.; Michael, C.; Duan, X.; He, X.; Dionysiou, D. D.; Fatta-Kassinos, D.] Univ Cyprus, Sch Engn, Nireas Int Water Res Ctr, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Duan, X.; He, X.; Dionysiou, D. D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Mills, M. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Fatta-Kassinos, D (reprint author), Univ Cyprus, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 20537, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. EM dfatta@ucy.ac.cy RI Fatta-Kassinos, Despo/G-2331-2016; Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017; He, Xuexiang/D-7564-2017 OI Fatta-Kassinos, Despo/0000-0003-1173-0941; Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086; FU Republic of Cyprus; European Regional Development Fund through the Research Promotion Foundation of Cyprus; EU through COST Action [ES1403] FX This work was prepared in the framework of the KOYATOYPA/BEN Sigma/0412/24 research project 'Closing Gaps of Knowledge with respect to Advanced Chemical Oxidation Processes for the Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concern - GAPS', implemented within the national framework program for research, technological development and innovation 'DESMH 2009-2010'. Nireas-IWRC (NBA Y Pi O Delta OMH/Sigma TPATH/0308/09) is co-financed by the Republic of Cyprus and the European Regional Development Fund through the Research Promotion Foundation of Cyprus. The authors would like to thank EU for the support provided through COST Action ES1403 'New and emerging challenges and opportunities in wastewater reuse (NEREUS)'. NR 284 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 42 U2 242 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 77 BP 213 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.011 PG 36 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CI8RS UT WOS:000355040000019 PM 25917290 ER PT J AU Oliveira, TS Murphy, M Mendola, N Wong, V Carlson, D Waring, L AF Oliveira, Tiago S. Murphy, Mark Mendola, Nicholas Wong, Virginia Carlson, Doreen Waring, Linda TI Characterization of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care products in hospital effluent and waste water influent/effluent by direct-injection LC-MS-MS SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PPCPs; LC-MS-MS; Direct injection; Water systems; Hospital contribution; Risk assessment ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; ECOLOGICALLY RELEVANT PHARMACEUTICALS; ENVIRONMENTAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; MULTI-RESIDUE ANALYSIS; SURFACE WATERS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; THERAPEUTIC CLASSES; RAPID ANALYSIS AB Two USEPA Regional Laboratories developed direct-injection LC/MS/MS methods to measure Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in water matrices. Combined, the laboratories were prepared to analyze 185 PPCPs (with 74 overlapping) belonging to more than 20 therapeutical categories with reporting limits at low part-per-trillion. In partnership with Suffolk County in NY, the laboratories conducted PPCP analysis on 72 samples belonging to 4 Water Systems (WS). Samples were collected at different stages of the WS (hospital effluents, WWTP influents/effluents) to assess PPCP relevance in hospital discharges, impact on WWTP performance and potential ecological risk posed by analytes not eliminated during treatment. Major findings include: a) acceptable accuracy between the two laboratories for most overlapping PPCPs with better agreement for higher concentrations; b) the measurement of PPCPs throughout all investigated WSwith total PPCP concentrations ranging between 324 and 965 mu g L-1 for hospital effluent, 259 and 573 mu g L-1 forWWTP influent and 19 and 118 mu g L-1 for WWTP effluent; c) the variable contribution of hospital effluents to the PPCP loads into the WWTP influents (contribution ranging between 1% (WS-2) and 59% (WS-3); d) the PPCP load reduction after treatment for all WS reaching more than 95% for WS using activated sludge processes (WS-2 and WS-4), with inflow above 6500m(3) d(-1), and having a lower percentage of hospital effluent in theWWTP influent; e) the relevance of four therapeutical categories for the PPCP load inWWTP effluents (analgesics, antidiabetics, antiepileptics and psychoanaleptics); and f) the risk quotients calculated using screening-level Predicted Non Effect Concentration indicate thatWWTP effluents contain 33 PPCPs with potential medium to high ecological risk. To our knowledge no other monitoring investigation published in the scientific literature uses direct-injection methods to cover as many PPCPs and therapeutical categories in different types of WS. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oliveira, Tiago S.; Mendola, Nicholas] US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Reg 2, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Oliveira, Tiago S.; Mendola, Nicholas] Assessment Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Murphy, Mark] US EPA, Reg Lab 8, Golden, CO 80403 USA. [Wong, Virginia] US EPA, Div Enforcement & Compliance Assistance, Reg 2, New York, NY 10007 USA. [Carlson, Doreen; Waring, Linda] Suffolk Cty Govt, Dept Hlth Serv, Great River, NY 11739 USA. RP Oliveira, TS (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Reg 2, 2890 Woodbridge Ave, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM tiagoliveira.phd@gmail.com RI S Oliveira, Tiago/M-7913-2014 OI S Oliveira, Tiago/0000-0002-0777-0484 FU USEPA R2; USEPA R8; Suffolk County FX The authors would like to thank USEPA R2, USEPA R8 and Suffolk County for supporting this investigation. The authors would also like to recognize Dr. Mitchell Kostich from USEPA Office of Research and Development - Cincinnati for his precious input during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 63 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 14 U2 117 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 518 BP 459 EP 478 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.104 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG4BL UT WOS:000353225700048 PM 25777952 ER PT J AU Brown, SG Eberly, S Paatero, P Norris, GA AF Brown, Steven G. Eberly, Shelly Paatero, Pentti Norris, Gary A. TI Methods for estimating uncertainty in PMF solutions: Examples with ambient air and water quality data and guidance on reporting PMF results SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Receptor modeling; Air pollution; Water pollution; Positive matrix factorization; EPA PMF ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; ORGANIC-AEROSOL; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; HIGH-RESOLUTION; FINE PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION; SPECTRA AB The new version of EPA's positive matrix factorization (EPA PMF) software, 5.0, includes three error estimation (EE) methods for analyzing factor analytic solutions: classical bootstrap (BS), displacement of factor elements (DISP), and bootstrap enhanced by displacement (BS-DISP). These methods capture the uncertainty of PMF analyses due to randomerrors and rotational ambiguity. To demonstrate the utility of the EEmethods, results are presented for three data sets: (1) speciated PM2.5 data froma chemical speciation network (CSN) site in Sacramento, California (2003-2009); (2) trace metal, ammonia, and other species inwater quality samples taken at an inline storage system (ISS) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (2006); and (3) an organic aerosol data set from high- resolution aerosolmass spectrometer (HR-AMS) measurements in Las Vegas, Nevada (January 2008). We present an interpretation of EE diagnostics for these data sets, results fromsensitivity tests of EE diagnostics using additional and fewer factors, and recommendations for reporting PMF results. BS-DISP and BS are found useful in understanding the uncertainty of factor profiles; they also suggest if the data are over-fitted by specifying toomany factors. DISP diagnosticswere consistently robust, indicating its use for understanding rotational uncertainty and as a first step in assessing a solution's viability. The uncertainty of each factor's identifying species is shown to be a useful gauge for evaluating multiple solutions, e.g., with a different number of factors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Brown, Steven G.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. [Eberly, Shelly] Geometr Tools LLC, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. [Paatero, Pentti] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki 00970, Finland. [Norris, Gary A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Norris, GA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-09-097] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-09-097 to Sonoma Technology, Inc. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 13 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2015 VL 518 BP 626 EP 635 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.022 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG4BL UT WOS:000353225700064 PM 25776202 ER PT J AU Rappazzo, KM Messer, LC Jagai, JS Gray, CL Grabich, SC Lobdell, DT AF Rappazzo, Kristen M. Messer, Lynne C. Jagai, Jyotsna S. Gray, Christine L. Grabich, Shannon C. Lobdell, Danelle T. TI The associations between environmental quality and preterm birth in the United States, 2000-2005: a cross-sectional analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Environmental quality; Air quality; Water quality; Land quality; Built environment; Sociodemographic; preterm birth ID PARTICULATE MATTER; NORTH-CAROLINA; EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; AIR; DISPARITIES; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION; OUTCOMES AB Background: Many environmental factors have been independently associated with preterm birth (PTB). However, exposure is not isolated to a single environmental factor, but rather to many positive and negative factors that co-occur. The environmental quality index (EQI), a measure of cumulative environmental exposure across all US counties from 2000-2005, was used to investigate associations between ambient environment and PTB. Methods: With 2000-2005 birth data from the National Center for Health Statistics for the United States (n = 24,483,348), we estimated the association between increasing quintiles of the EQI and county-level and individual-level PTB; we also considered environmental domain-specific (air, water, land, sociodemographic and built environment) and urban-rural stratifications. Results: Effect estimates for the relationship between environmental quality and PTB varied by domain and by urban-rural strata but were consistent across county-and individual-level analyses. The county-level prevalence difference (PD (95 % confidence interval) for the non-stratified EQI comparing the highest quintile (poorest environmental quality) to the lowest quintile (best environmental quality) was -0.0166 (-0.0198, -0.0134). The air and sociodemographic domains had the strongest associations with PTB; PDs were 0.0196 (0.0162, 0.0229) and -0.0262 (-0.0300, -0.0224) for the air and sociodemographic domain indices, respectively. Within the most urban strata, the PD for the sociodemographic domain index was 0.0256 (0.0205, 0.0307). Odds ratios (OR) for the individual-level analysis were congruent with PDs. Conclusion: We observed both strong positive and negative associations between measures of broad environmental quality and preterm birth. Associations differed by rural-urban stratum and by the five environmental domains. Our study demonstrates the use of a large scale composite environment exposure metric with preterm birth, an important indicator of population health and shows potential for future research. C1 [Rappazzo, Kristen M.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Messer, Lynne C.] Portland State Univ, Coll Urban & Publ Affairs, Sch Community Hlth, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Jagai, Jyotsna S.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Gray, Christine L.; Grabich, Shannon C.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gray, Christine L.; Grabich, Shannon C.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lobdell, Danelle T.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Rappazzo, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rappazzo.kristen@epa.gov FU Office of Research and Development (ORD), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [WCF DP26H0001, EP09D000003]; an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program at Office of Research and Development (National Center for Environmental Assessment and National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX The Office of Research and Development (ORD), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), partially funded the research with L. C. Messer (Contracts WCF DP26H0001 and EP09D000003) and also supported in part by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program at Office of Research and Development (National Center for Environmental Assessment and National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. The authors wish to thank Lisa Vinikoor-Imler for her insightful review of this manuscript. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD JUN 9 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 50 DI 10.1186/s12940-015-0038-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CK0PT UT WOS:000355907800001 PM 26051702 ER PT J AU Kim, SY Dutton, SJ Sheppard, L Hannigan, MP Miller, SL Milford, JB Peel, JL Vedal, S AF Kim, Sun-Young Dutton, Steven J. Sheppard, Lianne Hannigan, Michael P. Miller, Shelly L. Milford, Jana B. Peel, Jennifer L. Vedal, Sverre TI The short-term association of selected components of fine particulate matter and mortality in the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chemical components; Fine particulate matter; Mortality; Time-series study ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; AIR-POLLUTION; PM2.5 CHARACTERIZATION; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; SPECIATION METHODS; CONSTITUENTS; DISEASE; MARKER; CARBON AB Background: Associations of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with daily mortality may be due to specific PM2.5 chemical components. Daily concentrations of PM2.5 components were measured over five years in Denver to investigate whether specific PM2.5 components are associated with daily mortality. Methods: Daily counts of total and cause-specific deaths were obtained for the 5-county Denver metropolitan region from 2003 through 2007. Daily 24-hour concentrations of PM2.5, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate and nitrate were measured at a central residential monitoring site. Using generalized additive models, we estimated relative risks (RRs) of daily death counts for daily PM2.5 and four PM2.5 component concentrations at single and distributed lags between the current and three previous days, while controlling for longer-term time trend and meteorology. Results: RR of total non-accidental mortality for an inter-quartile increase of 4.55 mu g/m(3) in PM2.5 distributed over 4 days was 1.012 (95 % confidence interval: 0.999, 1.025); RRs for EC and OC were larger (1.024 [1.005, 1.043] and 1.020 [1.000, 1.040] for 0.33 and 1.67 mu g/m(3) increases, respectively) than those for sulfate and nitrate. We generally did not observe associations with cardiovascular and respiratory mortality except for associations with ischemic heart disease mortality at lags 3 and 0-3 depending on the component. In addition, there were associations with cancer mortality, particularly for EC and OC, possibly reflecting advanced deaths of a frail population. Conclusions: PM2.5 components possibly from combustion-related sources are more strongly associated with daily mortality than are secondary inorganic aerosols. C1 [Kim, Sun-Young; Sheppard, Lianne; Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kim, Sun-Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Inst Hlth & Environm, Seoul, South Korea. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hannigan, Michael P.; Miller, Shelly L.; Milford, Jana B.] Univ Colorado, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM puha0@uw.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES010197]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RD 834796]; National Research Foundation of Korea (Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education) [900-20140076] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01 ES010197), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (RD 834796), and the National Research Foundation of Korea (Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education: 900-20140076). NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD JUN 6 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 49 DI 10.1186/s12940-015-0037-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CK2HE UT WOS:000356030600001 PM 26047618 ER PT J AU Meek, ME Lipscomb, JC AF Meek, M. E. (Bette) Lipscomb, John C. TI Gaining acceptance for the use of in vitro toxicity assays and QIVIVE in regulatory risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tiered approach; In vitro; Risk assessment; Extrapolation; Dose-response; Mode of action; Strategy ID PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; HUMAN RELEVANCE; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; WHO/IPCS FRAMEWORK; ADJUSTMENT FACTORS; IPCS FRAMEWORK; EXPOSURE; IMPLEMENTATION; UNCERTAINTY; INFORMATION AB Testing strategies are anticipated to increasingly rely on in vitro data as a basis to characterize early steps or key events in toxicity at relevant dose levels in human tissues. Such strategies require quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation to characterize dose response as a basis for comparison with exposure to estimate risk. Current experience in the incorporation of mechanistic and in vitro data in risk assessment is considered here in the context of identified principles to increase the potential for timely acceptance of more progressive and tailored testing strategies by the regulatory community. These principles are outlined as transitioning in a familiar context, tiering to acquire experience and increase confidence, contextual knowledge transfer to facilitate interpretation and communication, coordination and development of expertise and continuing challenge. A proposed pragmatic tiered data driven framework which includes increasing reliance on in vitro data and quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation is considered in the context of these principles. Based on this analysis, possible additional steps that might facilitate timely evolution and potentially, uptake are identified. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Meek, M. E. (Bette)] Univ Ottawa, Inst Populat Hlth, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Chem Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. [Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Meek, ME (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Inst Populat Hlth, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Chem Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. EM bmeek@uottawa.ca; lipscomb.john@epa.gov NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 5 PY 2015 VL 332 SI SI BP 112 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.010 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CK9FK UT WOS:000356545800012 PM 25598226 ER PT J AU Cuevas, AK Niu, JP Zhong, MH Liberda, EN Ghio, A Qu, QS Chen, LC AF Cuevas, Azita K. Niu, Jingping Zhong, Mianhua Liberda, Eric N. Ghio, Andrew Qu, Qingshan Chen, Lung Chi TI Metal rich particulate matter impairs acetylcholine-mediated vasorelaxation of microvessels in mice SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vascular function; Endothelial dysfunction; Nickel; Air pollution; Particulate matter; Endothelial nitric oxide; uncoupling; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase ID AIR-POLLUTION PARTICLES; SYSTEMIC MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS; OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION; AMBIENT AIR; LONG-TERM; INHALATION EXPOSURE; REACTIVE OXYGEN; GROWTH-FACTOR; BONE-MARROW AB Background: Exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter <2.5 mu m) has been associated with changes in endothelial function. PM2.5 was collected from two Chinese cities, Jinchang (JC) and Zhangye (ZH), both with similar PM2.5 concentrations. However, JC had levels of nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and arsenic (As) that were 76, 25, 17, and 7 fold higher than that measured in ZH, respectively. We used this unique PM sample to delineate the chemical components that drive pulmonary and systemic effects and explore the mechanism(s) by which vascular dysfunction is caused. Methods: Male FVB/N mice received oropharyngeal aspiration of water or PM2.5 from JC, ZH or ZH spiked with one of the following elements at the same concentrations found in the JC PM (Ni = 4.76; As = 2.36; Se = 0.24; Cu = 2.43 mu g/mg) followed by evaluation of markers of pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Mesenteric arteries were isolated for gene expression or functional response to various agonists (Phenylephrine, Acetylcholine, and Sodium Nitroprusside) and inhibitors (L-NAME, Apocynin, and VAS2870) ex vivo. Results: Protein and total cell counts from lung lavage revealed significant pulmonary inflammation from ZH (p < 0.01) and JC and ZH + NiSO4 (p < 0.001) as compared to control and a significant decrease in mesenteric artery relaxation (p < 0.001) and this decrease is blunted in the presence of NADPH oxidase inhibitors. Significant increases in gene expression (TNF-alpha, IL-6, Nos3; p < 0.01; NOX4; p < 0.05) were observed in JC and ZH + NiSO4, as well as significantly higher concentrations of VEGF and IL-10 (p < 0.01, p < 0.001; respectively). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the specific toxicity observed in PM from JC is likely due to the nickel component in the PM. Further, since VAS2870 was the most successful inhibitor to return vessels to baseline relaxation values, NADPH Oxidase is implicated as the primary source of PM-induced O-2(center dot-). C1 [Cuevas, Azita K.; Zhong, Mianhua; Liberda, Eric N.; Qu, Qingshan; Chen, Lung Chi] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Niu, Jingping] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Ghio, Andrew] US EPA, NHEERL, Human Studies Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Chen, LC (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM Lung-Chi.Chen@nyumc.org OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU NIH Fellowship [F31 ES018236, ES00260]; CIHR-DRA; [R01ES015495] FX This study was supported by R01ES015495 (Chen, LC), NIH Fellowship: F31 ES018236 (Cuevas, AK), Center Grant ES00260 (Chen, LC; NYU), and CIHR-DRA (Liberda, EN). NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD JUN 4 PY 2015 VL 12 AR 14 DI 10.1186/s12989-014-0077-x PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CK2JX UT WOS:000356037700001 PM 26041432 ER PT J AU Walser, T Meyer, D Fransman, W Buist, H Kuijpers, E Brouwer, D AF Walser, Tobias Meyer, David Fransman, Wouter Buist, Harrie Kuijpers, Eelco Brouwer, Derk TI Life-cycle assessment framework for indoor emissions of synthetic nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Life cycle assessment (LCA); Indoor exposure; Synthetic nanoparticle; Nanoparticle toxicity; Occupational exposure; Engineered nanoparticle; Environmental and health effects ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; IMPACT ASSESSMENT; INHALATION EXPOSURE; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; INTAKE FRACTION; MODEL; NANOMATERIALS; TOXICITY; LUNG AB Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a well-established method to evaluate impacts of chemicals on the environment and human health along the lifespan of products. However, the increasingly produced and applied nanomaterials (defined as one dimension <100 nm) show particular characteristics which are different from conventional chemicals or larger particles. As a consequence, LCA does not provide sufficient guidance on how to deal with synthetic nanomaterials, neither in the exposure, nor in the effect assessment. This is particularly true for the workplace, where significant exposure can be expected via the lung, the route of major concern. Therefore, we developed a concise method which allows the inclusion of indoor nanoparticle exposure into LCA. New nanospecific properties are included along the LCA stages with a particular focus on the workplace environment. We built upon existing LCA methods and nanoparticle fate and exposure studies. The impact assessment requires new approaches for nanoparticles, such as guidance on relevant endpoints, nanospecific properties that are relevant for the toxicity, and guidance on the chemical identity of nanomaterials, i.e., categorization and distinction of different forms of nanomaterials. We present a framework which goes beyond traditional approaches of LCA and includes nanospecific fate parameters in the indoor exposure assessment as well as guidance on the development of effect and characterization factors for inhaled nanoparticles. Specifically, the indoor one-box model is amended with new particle-specific parameters developed in the exposure literature. A concentration conversion and parameter estimation tool are presented. Finally, the modification of the traditional intake fraction to capture size-specific deposition and retention rate are discussed along with a strategy for a more robust effect assessment. The paper is a further step toward a fair comparison between conventional and nano-enabled products by integrating occupational exposure to synthetic nanomaterials into LCA. C1 [Walser, Tobias] ETH, Inst Environm Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Walser, Tobias] Fed Off Publ Hlth, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland. [Meyer, David] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fransman, Wouter; Buist, Harrie; Kuijpers, Eelco; Brouwer, Derk] TNO, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. RP Walser, T (reprint author), ETH, Inst Environm Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. EM tobias.walser@bag.admin.ch RI Brouwer, Derk/A-1594-2016; OI Walser, Tobias/0000-0003-2904-9898 NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD JUN 3 PY 2015 VL 17 IS 6 AR UNSP 245 DI 10.1007/s11051-015-3053-y PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CJ8OK UT WOS:000355762300001 ER PT J AU Gantt, B Hoque, S Fahey, KM Willis, RD Delgado-Saborit, JM Harrison, RM Zhang, KM Jefferson, DA Kalberer, M Bunker, KL Conny, JM Bhave, PV Weinstein, JP Pye, HOT AF Gantt, Brett Hoque, Shamia Fahey, Kathleen M. Willis, Robert D. Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria Harrison, Roy M. Zhang, K. Max Jefferson, David A. Kalberer, Markus Bunker, Kristin L. Conny, Joseph M. Bhave, Prakash V. Weinstein, Jason P. Pye, Havala O. T. TI Factors Affecting the Ambient Physicochemical Properties of Cerium-Containing Particles Generated by Nanoparticle Diesel Fuel Additive Use SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; NUMBER-DISTRIBUTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SIZE; PARTICULATE; EVOLUTION; EMISSIONS; ROADWAYS AB Despite the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCe) in some regions as a diesel fuel additive, the physicochemical properties of the resulting exhaust particles in the ambient atmosphere are not well known. The mixing state of ceria with other exhaust particles is one such physicochemical property that has been shown to potentially affect ecosystem/human health. In this study, cerium-containing particles associated with an nCe additive were collected in the laboratory and in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK where the local bus fleet uses the Envirox nCe additive. Electron microscopy of laboratory-generated exhaust samples indicated both individual ceria and soot particles (external mixture) and ceria contained within soot agglomerations (internal mixture). Low ambient concentrations prevented quantification of the ceria particle mixing state in the atmosphere; therefore, a multicomponent sectional aerosol dynamic model was used to predict the size, chemical composition, and mixing state of ceria particles as a function of distance from an idealized roadway. Model simulations predicted that most ceria particles remain nonmixed in the ambient atmosphere (300m downwind from the roadway) due to slow coagulation, with the mixing rate most sensitive to the ceria content of emitted nuclei-mode particles and the particle concentration upwind of the road. Although microscopy analysis showed both external and internal mixtures of ceria and soot in freshly emitted particles, the ambient mass concentration, and size distribution of ceria particles predicted by the model was insensitive to the emitted mixing state. Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research C1 [Gantt, Brett; Hoque, Shamia; Fahey, Kathleen M.; Willis, Robert D.; Bhave, Prakash V.; Weinstein, Jason P.; Pye, Havala O. T.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria; Harrison, Roy M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Harrison, Roy M.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Ctr Excellence Environm Studies, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. [Zhang, K. Max] Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jefferson, David A.; Kalberer, Markus] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. [Bunker, Kristin L.] RJ Lee Grp Inc, Monroeville, PA USA. [Conny, Joseph M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Gantt, B (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gantt.brett@epa.gov; pye.havala@epa.gov RI Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria/I-4158-2015; Harrison, Roy/A-2256-2008; Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012; Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria/A-5057-2017 OI Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria/0000-0002-7096-9744; Harrison, Roy/0000-0002-2684-5226; Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140; Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria/0000-0002-7096-9744 FU US EPA through its Office of Research and Development [EP-12-D-000128, EP-D-11-006]; U.S. government [DW-13-92339401-0]; Office of Research and Development, US EPA FX The US EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under Contracts EP-12-D-000128 to RJ Lee Group, Inc., EP-D-11-006 to Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG), and a U.S. government interagency agreement DW-13-92339401-0. This article has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Brett Gantt and Shamia Hoque are supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, US EPA, administered by ORISE. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUN 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 6 BP 371 EP 380 DI 10.1080/02786826.2015.1027809 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ1LD UT WOS:000355244200002 ER PT J AU Sittampalam, S Eglen, R Ferguson, S Maynes, JT Olden, K Schrader, L Shelper, T Ferrer, M AF Sittampalam, Sitta Eglen, Richard Ferguson, Stephen Maynes, Jason Thomas Olden, Kenneth Schrader, Laura Shelper, Todd Ferrer, Marc TI Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Assays: Are They More Predictive of In Vivo Efficacy than 2D Monolayer Cell-Based Assays? SO ASSAY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sittampalam, Sitta] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Eglen, Richard] Corning Life Sci, Tewksbury, MA USA. [Ferguson, Stephen] Natl Inst Environm Sci, Mol Toxicol & Informat Grp, Biomol Screening, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Maynes, Jason Thomas] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Olden, Kenneth] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA USA. [Schrader, Laura] 3D Biomatrix, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Shelper, Todd] Griffith Univ, Avery Grp, Eskitis Inst Drug Discovery, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Ferrer, Marc] NIH, Biomol Screening & Probe Dev, Div Preclin Innovat, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Sittampalam, S (reprint author), NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-658X EI 1557-8127 J9 ASSAY DRUG DEV TECHN JI ASSAY DRUG DEV. TECHNOL. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 13 IS 5 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1089/adt.2015.29001.rtd PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CU9YE UT WOS:000363902200003 PM 26120951 ER PT J AU Pleil, KE Helms, CM Sobus, J Daunais, JB Grant, KA Kash, TL AF Pleil, K. E. Helms, C. M. Sobus, J. Daunais, J. B. Grant, K. A. Kash, T. L. TI ASSESSMENT OF NEURONAL FUNCTION IN THE EXTENDED AMYGDALA OF NON-HUMAN PRIMATES AFTER CHRONIC VOLUNTARY ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 20-24, 2015 CL San Antonio, TX SP Res Soc Alcoholism C1 [Pleil, K. E.; Helms, C. M.; Sobus, J.; Daunais, J. B.; Grant, K. A.; Kash, T. L.] UNC SOM, Bowles Ctr Alcohol Studies, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pleil, K. E.; Helms, C. M.; Sobus, J.; Daunais, J. B.; Grant, K. A.; Kash, T. L.] OHSU, ONPRC, Div Neurosci, Beaverton, OR USA. [Pleil, K. E.; Helms, C. M.; Sobus, J.; Daunais, J. B.; Grant, K. A.; Kash, T. L.] US EPA, Off R&D, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Pleil, K. E.; Helms, C. M.; Sobus, J.; Daunais, J. B.; Grant, K. A.; Kash, T. L.] Wake Forest SOM, Dept Phys & Pharm, Winston Salem, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-6008 EI 1530-0277 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2015 VL 39 SU 1 SI SI MA 434 BP 120A EP 120A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA CR8XG UT WOS:000361637100434 ER PT J AU He, YT Wilson, JT Su, C Wilkin, RT AF He, Y. T. Wilson, J. T. Su, C. Wilkin, R. T. TI Review of Abiotic Degradation of Chlorinated Solvents by Reactive Iron Minerals in Aquifers SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Review ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE TRANSFORMATION; HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC-COMPOUNDS; SULFATE-REDUCING CONDITIONS; BEARING SOIL MINERALS; AIR-FORCE-BASE; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; GREEN RUST; CIS-DICHLOROETHYLENE; NATURAL ATTENUATION AB Abiotic degradation of chlorinated solvents by reactive iron minerals such as iron sulfides, magnetite, green rust, and other Fe(II)-containing minerals has been observed in both laboratory and field studies. These reactive iron minerals form under iron- and sulfate-reducing conditions which are commonly found in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) treatment locations, landfills, and aquifers that are chemically reducing. The objective of this review is to synthesize current understanding of abiotic degradation of chlorinated solvents by reactive iron minerals, with special focus on how abiotic processes relate to groundwater remediation. Degradation of chlorinated solvents by reactive minerals can proceed through reductive elimination, hydrogenolysis, dehydrohalogenation, and hydrolysis reactions. Degradation products of abiotic reactions depend on degradation pathways and parent compounds. Some degradation products (e.g., acetylene) have the potential to serve as a signature product for demonstrating abiotic reactions. Laboratory and field studies show that various minerals have a range of reactivity toward chlorinated solvents. A general trend of mineral reactivity for degradation of chlorinated solvents can be approximated as follows: disordered FeS > FeS > Fe(0) > FeS2 > sorbed Fe2+>green rust=magnetite>biotite=vermiculite. Reaction kinetics are also influenced by factors such as pH, natural organic matter (NOM), coexisting metal ions, and sulfide concentration in the system. In practice, abiotic reactions can be engineered to stimulate reactive mineral formation for groundwater remediation. Under appropriate site geochemical conditions, abiotic reactions can occur naturally, and can be incorporated into remedial strategies such as monitored natural attenuation. C1 [He, Y. T.] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Water Res Inst, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wilson, J. T.] Environm Solut LLC, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, C.; Wilkin, R. T.] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP He, YT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Water Res Inst, 385 Evansdale Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM Tom.He@mail.wvu.edu FU Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE) [RW-57-92160901]; National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA) FX The authors would like to acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions which significantly improved the manuscript. Portions of this research were performed while Y. He held a National Research Council Resident Research Associateship Award at the Ground Water and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, USEPA. This work was supported through an interagency agreement (RW-57-92160901) between the Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE) and the National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA). It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 117 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 22 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 EI 1745-6592 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SUM PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 BP 57 EP 75 DI 10.1111/gwmr.12111 PG 19 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CQ8FM UT WOS:000360841900005 ER PT J AU Soukup, JM Dailey, LA Ghio, AJ AF Soukup, Joleen M. Dailey, Lisa A. Ghio, Andrew J. TI Particle retention by respiratory epithelial cells is associated with persistent biological effect SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; inflammation; lung diseases; oxidants; particulate matter ID PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; LUNG; INFLAMMATION; EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE AB The biological effect of particles on respiratory epithelial cells involves, in part, the generation of an oxidative stress and a consequent cascade of reactions culminating in inflammatory mediator release. Whether there is either an immediate, transitory activation or a persistent response of the cells to the particles has not been established. We tested the postulate that respiratory epithelial cells exposed to wood smoke particle (WSP) would demonstrate increased oxidative stress and mediator release following re-seeding and propagation of the cells for two generations post-initial exposure. BEAS-2B cells grown to confluence (G0) in 75 cm(2) flasks were treated for 18 h with the WSP at 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml. The flasks were then used to seed another set of flasks as well as 12- and 96-well plates (G1). These flasks were similarly grown to confluence and the process repeated (G2). Cell viability was assayed using trypan blue dye exclusion and was >85%. Dichlorohydrofluorescein fluorescence after exposure of BEAS-2B cells to 50 and 100 mu/ml WSP increased in all three generations when expressed as a ratio to unexposed cells. Similarly, IL-6 and IL-8 release following the initial exposure of cells to 100 mu g/ml WSP increased in all three generations when expressed as a ratio to unexposed cells. The persistence of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator release for two generations of cells beyond the initial exposure supports a postulate of continued cell response to retained particle. C1 [Soukup, Joleen M.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Soukup, JM (reprint author), US EPA, HSF, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. EM soukup.joleen@cpa.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 27 IS 7 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.3109/08958378.2015.1048910 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CP6IY UT WOS:000359991200002 PM 26138312 ER PT J AU Cohen, MD Vaughan, JM Garrett, B Prophete, C Horton, L Sisco, M Ghio, A Zelikoff, J Lung-Chi, C AF Cohen, Mitchell D. Vaughan, Joshua M. Garrett, Brittany Prophete, Colette Horton, Lori Sisco, Maureen Ghio, Andrew Zelikoff, Judith Lung-Chi, Chen TI Impact of acute exposure to WTC dust on ciliated and goblet cells in lungs of rats SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ciliated cell; clearance; dust; goblet cell; World Trade Center ID WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; AIRWAYS DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME; CENTER HEALTH REGISTRY; CENTER DISASTER; DIESEL EXHAUST; INHALATION EXPOSURES; PARTICLES EXPOSURE; PULMONARY-DISEASE; AIR-POLLUTION AB Clinical studies and the World Trade Center (WTC) Health Registry have revealed increases in the incidence of chronic (non-cancer) lung disorders among first responders (FR) who were at Ground Zero during the initial 72 h after the collapse. Our previous analyses of rats exposed to building-derived WTC dusts using exposure scenarios/levels that mimicked FR mouth-breathing showed that a single WTC dust exposure led to changes in expression of genes whose products could be involved in the lung ailments, but few other significant pathologies. We concluded that rather than acting as direct inducers of many of the FR health effects, it was more likely inhaled WTC dusts instead may have impacted on toxicities induced by other rescue-related co-pollutants present in Ground Zero air. To allow for such effects to occur, we hypothesized that the alkaline WTC dusts induced damage to the normal ability of the lungs to clear inhaled particles. To validate this, rats were exposed on two consecutive days (2 h/d, by intratracheal inhalation) to WTC dust (collected 12-13 September 2001) and examined over a 1-yr period thereafter for changes in the presence of ciliated cells in the airways and hyperplastic goblet cells in the lungs. WTC dust levels in the lungs were assessed in parallel to verify that any changes in levels of these cells corresponded with decreases in host ability to clear the particles themselves. Image analyses of the rat lungs revealed a significant decrease in ciliated cells and increase in hyperplastic goblet cells due to the single series of WTC dust exposures. The study also showed there was only a nominal non-significant decrease (6-11%) in WTC dust burden over a 1-yr period after the final exposure. These results provide support for our current hypothesis that exposure to WTC dusts caused changes in airway morphology/cell composition; such changes could, in turn, have led to potential alterations in the clearance/toxicities of other pollutants inhaled at Ground Zero in the critical initial 72-h period. C1 [Cohen, Mitchell D.; Vaughan, Joshua M.; Garrett, Brittany; Prophete, Colette; Horton, Lori; Sisco, Maureen; Zelikoff, Judith; Lung-Chi, Chen] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Ghio, Andrew] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cohen, MD (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM mitchell.cohen@nyumc.org FU CDC/NIOSH [OH008280]; NIEHS Center Grant [ES00260] FX This work was supported by CDC/NIOSH Grant OH008280 and, in part, NIEHS Center Grant ES00260. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 27 IS 7 BP 354 EP 361 DI 10.3109/08958378.2015.1054531 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CP6IY UT WOS:000359991200004 PM 26194034 ER PT J AU Dave, AC Barton, AD Lozier, MS McKinley, GA AF Dave, Apurva C. Barton, Andrew D. Lozier, M. Susan McKinley, Galen A. TI What drives seasonal change in oligotrophic area in the subtropical North Atlantic? SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll; oligotrophic; nutrients; advection; phytoplankton; subtropical ID SARGASSO SEA; OPEN-OCEAN; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; DISPERSAL; LIGHT; MODEL; WATER; VARIABILITY; NUTRIENTS AB The oligotrophic regions of the subtropical gyres cover a significant portion of the global ocean, and exhibit considerable but poorly understood intraseasonal, interannual, and longer-term variations in spatial extent. Here using historical observations of surface ocean nitrate, wind, and currents, we have investigated how horizontal and vertical supplies of nitrate control seasonal changes in the size and shape of oligotrophic regions of the subtropical North Atlantic. In general, the oligotrophic region of the subtropical North Atlantic is associated with the region of weak vertical supply of nitrate. Though the total vertical supply of nitrate here is generally greater than the total horizontal supply, we find that seasonal expansion and contraction of the oligotrophic region is consistent with changes in horizontal supply of nitrate. In this dynamic periphery of the subtropical gyre, the seasonal variations in chlorophyll are linked to variations in horizontal nitrate supply that facilitate changes in intracellular pigment concentrations, and to a lesser extent, phytoplankton biomass. Our results suggest that horizontal transports of nutrient are crucial in setting seasonal cycles of chlorophyll in large expanses of the subtropical North Atlantic, and may play a key and underappreciated role in regulating interannual variations in these globally important marine ecosystems. C1 [Dave, Apurva C.; Barton, Andrew D.; Lozier, M. Susan] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Dave, Apurva C.] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [McKinley, Galen A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI USA. RP Dave, AC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM apurva.dave@duke.edu FU NASA; National Science Foundation FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the public data sources used in this study. We thank Clement de Boyer Montegut for providing the mixed layer depth climatology data (http://www.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr/similar to clement/mld.html); the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's National Oceanographic Data Center for maintaining and providing the World Ocean Atlas 2013 data (http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/woa13/); the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for providing SeaWiFS data (http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov); the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts for providing reanalysis wind data (http://www.ecmwf.int/research/era/do/get/index); and the Center for Topographic studies of the Ocean and Hydrosphere for providing current velocity data (http://ctoh.legos.obs-mip.fr/products/global-surface-currents). Files containing the code and calculated results used to create our figures and tables are digitally archived at the Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences in the Nicholas School for the Environment at Duke University and are available upon request. A.C.D., M.S.L., and G.A.M. gratefully acknowledge the support of NASA's Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program; A.D.B. was supported by the National Science Foundation's International Research Fellowship Program. The authors thank Sarah Clem for her assistance in preparing the figures. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN PY 2015 VL 120 IS 6 BP 3958 EP 3969 DI 10.1002/2015JC010787 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CN0SP UT WOS:000358124100005 ER PT J AU Phillips, L Johnson, M Deener, K Bonanni, C AF Phillips, L. Johnson, M. Deener, K. Bonanni, C. TI EPA's Exposure Assessment Toolbox (EPA-Expo-Box) SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE exposure assessment; on-line tools; toolbox; resource links AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD), National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) recently released an on-line toolbox for exposure and risk assessors, called EPA EXPOsure toolBOX or EPA-Expo-Box. It is laid out as a series of "Tool Sets" that will guide users through the exposure assessment process from multiple perspectives. The Tool Sets include: Exposure Assessment Approaches, Media, Exposure Routes, Potentially Exposed Populations, Tiers and Types of Exposure Assessment, and Chemical Classes. Each Tool Set provides annotated links to databases, models, guidance documents, and reference materials (i.e., 'tools') which will be useful to scientists involved in human exposure assessment. Included is a search interface that allows users to identify relevant tools using key words or topics. This paper highlights some of the unique features of the toolbox. EPA-Expo-Box is available at: http://www.epa.gov/risk/expobox. C1 [Phillips, L.; Johnson, M.; Deener, K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bonanni, C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Law, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Phillips, L (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM phillips.linda@epa.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC ENVIRON INFORM SCI PI REGINA PA 4246 ALBERT ST, REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN S4S 3R9, CANADA SN 1726-2135 EI 1684-8799 J9 J ENVIRON INFORM JI J. Environ. Inform. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 2 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.3808/jei.201400269 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM9KI UT WOS:000358026900002 ER PT J AU Deziel, NC Friesen, MC Hoppin, JA Hines, CJ Thomas, K Freeman, LEB AF Deziel, Nicole C. Friesen, Melissa C. Hoppin, Jane A. Hines, Cynthia J. Thomas, Kent Freeman, Laura E. Beane TI A Review of Nonoccupational Pathways for Pesticide Exposure in Women Living in Agricultural Areas SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID URINARY METABOLITE LEVELS; FARM FAMILY EXPOSURE; HERBICIDE EXPOSURE; CHILDRENS EXPOSURE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; ONTARIO FARMS; UNITED-STATES; COMMUNITY; PROXIMITY; HOMES AB BACKGROUND: Women living in agricultural areas may experience high pesticide exposures compared with women in urban or suburban areas because of their proximity to farm activities. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to review the evidence in the published literature for the contribution of nonoccupational pathways of pesticide exposure in women living in North American agricultural areas. METHODS: We evaluated the following nonoccupational exposure pathways: para-occupational (i.e., take-home or bystander exposure), agricultural drift, residential pesticide use, and dietary ingestion. We also evaluated the role of hygiene factors (e.g., house cleaning, shoe removal). RESULTS: Among 35 publications identified (published 1995-2013), several reported significant or suggestive (p < 0.1) associations between para-occupational (n = 19) and agricultural drift (n = 10) pathways and pesticide dust or biomarker levels, and 3 observed that residential use was associated with pesticide concentrations in dust. The 4 studies related to ingestion reported low detection rates of most pesticides in water; additional studies are needed to draw conclusions about the importance of this pathway. Hygiene factors were not consistently linked to exposure among the 18 relevant publications identified. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence supported the importance of para-occupational, drift, and residential use pathways. Disentangling exposure pathways was difficult because agricultural populations are concurrently exposed to pesticides via multiple pathways. Most evidence was based on measurements of pesticides in residential dust, which are applicable to any household member and are not specific to women. An improved understanding of nonoccupational pesticide exposure pathways in women living in agricultural areas is critical for studying health effects in women and for designing effective exposure-reduction strategies. C1 [Deziel, Nicole C.; Friesen, Melissa C.; Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deziel, Nicole C.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studie, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Thomas, Kent] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Deziel, NC (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 60 Coll St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM nicole.deziel@yale.edu RI Friesen, Melissa/A-5362-2009; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015 OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124 FU National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Z01CP010119] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (Z01CP010119). NR 52 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 23 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 123 IS 6 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408273 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CL9KD UT WOS:000357296200011 PM 25636067 ER PT J AU Narotsky, MG Klinefelter, GR Goldman, JM DeAngelo, AB Best, DS McDonald, A Strader, LF Murr, AS Suarez, JD George, MH Hunter, ES Simmons, JE AF Narotsky, Michael G. Klinefelter, Gary R. Goldman, Jerome M. DeAngelo, Anthony B. Best, Deborah S. McDonald, Anthony Strader, Lillian F. Murr, Ashley S. Suarez, Juan D. George, Michael H. Hunter, E. Sidney, III Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Reproductive Toxicity of a Mixture of Regulated Drinking-Water Disinfection By-Products in a Multigenerational Rat Bioassay SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID DIBROMOACETIC ACID; SPERM; BIOMARKER; EXPOSURE; FERTILITY; PREGNANCY; PUBERTY; RISK; AGE AB BACKGROUND: Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) are regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs); their joint reproductive toxicity in drinking water is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate a drinking water mixture of the four regulated THMs and five regulated HAAs in a multigenerational reproductive toxicity bioassay. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed (parental, F-1, and F-2 generations) from gestation day 0 of the parental generation to postnatal day (PND) 6 of the F-2 generation to a realistically proportioned mixture of THMs and HAAs at 0, 500x, 1,000x, or 2,000x of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). RESULTS: Maternal water consumption was reduced at >= 1,000x; body weights were reduced at 2,000x. Prenatal and postnatal survival were unaffected. F-1 pup weights were unaffected at birth but reduced at 2,000x on PND6 and at >= 1,000x on PND21. Postweaning F-1 body weights were reduced at 2,000x, and water consumption was reduced at >= 500x. Males at 2,000x had a small but significantly increased incidence of retained nipples and compromised sperm motility. Onset of puberty was delayed at 1,000x and 2,000x. F-1 estrous cycles and fertility were unaffected, and F-2 litters showed no effects on pup weight or survival. Histologically, P-0 (parental) dams had nephropathy and adrenal cortical pathology at 2,000x. CONCLUSIONS: A mixture of regulated DBPs at up to 2,000x the MCLs had no adverse effects on fertility, pregnancy maintenance, prenatal survival, postnatal survival, or birth weights. Delayed puberty at >= 1,000x may have been secondary to reduced water consumption. Male nipple retention and compromised sperm motility at 2,000x may have been secondary to reduced body weights. C1 [Narotsky, Michael G.; Klinefelter, Gary R.; Goldman, Jerome M.; DeAngelo, Anthony B.; Best, Deborah S.; McDonald, Anthony; Strader, Lillian F.; Murr, Ashley S.; Suarez, Juan D.; George, Michael H.; Hunter, E. Sidney, III; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Narotsky, MG (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM narotsky.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade name or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 27 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 123 IS 6 BP 564 EP 570 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408579 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CL9KD UT WOS:000357296200017 PM 25695961 ER PT J AU Lin, CJ Wade, TJ Hilborn, ED AF Lin, Cynthia J. Wade, Timothy J. Hilborn, Elizabeth D. TI Flooding and Clostridium difficile Infection: A Case-Crossover Analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; Clostridium difficile; community-associated; flooding; case-crossover ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN HEALTH; NEW-ORLEANS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COMMUNITY; DESIGN; RISK; CONTAMINATION; TRANSMISSION AB Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that can spread by water. It often causes acute gastrointestinal illness in older adults who are hospitalized and/or receiving antibiotics; however, community-associated infections affecting otherwise healthy individuals have become more commonly reported. A case-crossover study was used to assess emergency room (ER) and outpatient visits for C. difficile infection following flood events in Massachusetts from 2003 through 2007. Exposure status was based on whether or not a flood occurred prior to the case/control date during the following risk periods: 0-6 days, 7-13 days, 14-20 days, and 21-27 days. Fixed-effects logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of diagnosis with C. difficile infection following a flood. There were 129 flood events and 1575 diagnoses of C. difficile infection. Among working age adults (19-64 years), ER and outpatient visits for C. difficile infection were elevated during the 7-13 days following a flood (Odds Ratio, OR = 1.69; 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 0.84, 3.37). This association was more substantial among males (OR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.01-10.19). Associations during other risk periods were not observed (p < 0.05). Although we were unable to differentiate community-associated versus nosocomial infections, a potential increase in C. difficile infections should be considered as more flooding is projected due to climate change. C1 [Lin, Cynthia J.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lin, Cynthia J.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ ORISE Res Participat Pr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Wade, Timothy J.; Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] USA Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wade, TJ (reprint author), USA Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cjlin@email.unc.edu; Wade.Tim@epa.gov; Hilborn.E@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (IA) [DW89922983] FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge Tom Luben (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-National Center for Environmental Assessment) for his careful review and suggestions to improve the analysis and draft manuscript. This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (IA# DW89922983). There were no study sponsors in the study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the report. The views expressed in this report are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JUN PY 2015 VL 12 IS 6 BP 6948 EP 6964 DI 10.3390/ijerph120606948 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CL9BI UT WOS:000357268500077 PM 26090609 ER PT J AU Gledhill, DK White, MM Salisbury, J Thomas, H Mlsna, I Liebman, M Mook, B Grear, J Candelmo, AC Chambers, RC Gobler, CJ Hunt, CW King, AL Price, NN Signorini, SR Standoff, E Stymiest, C Wahle, RA Waller, JD Rebuck, ND Wang, ZHA Capson, TL Morrison, JR Cooley, SR Doney, SC AF Gledhill, Dwight K. White, Meredith M. Salisbury, Joseph Thomas, Helmuth Mlsna, Ivy Liebman, Matthew Mook, Bill Grear, Jason Candelmo, Allison C. Chambers, R. Christopher Gobler, Christopher J. Hunt, Christopher W. King, Andrew L. Price, Nichole N. Signorini, Sergio R. Standoff, Esperanza Stymiest, Cassie Wahle, Richard A. Waller, Jesica D. Rebuck, Nathan D. Wang, Zhaohui A. Capson, Todd L. Morrison, J. Ruairidh Cooley, Sarah R. Doney, Scott C. TI Ocean and Coastal Acidification off New England and Nova Scotia SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE; CALANUS-FINMARCHICUS GUNNERUS; COD GADUS-MORHUA; ARGOPECTEN-IRRADIANS; JUVENILE BIVALVES; SATURATION STATE; MARINE ORGANISMS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES AB New England coastal and adjacent Nova Scotia shelf waters have a reduced buffering capacity because of significant freshwater input, making the regions waters potentially more vulnerable to coastal acidification. Nutrient loading and heavy precipitation events further acidify the regions poorly buffered coastal waters. Despite the apparent vulnerability of these waters, and fisheries and maricultures significant dependence on calcifying species, the community lacks the ability to confidently predict how the regions ecosystems will respond to continued ocean and coastal acidification. Here, we discuss ocean and coastal acidification processes specific to New England coastal and Nova Scotia shelf waters and review current understanding of the biological consequences most relevant to the region. We also identify key research and monitoring needs to be addressed and highlight existing capacities that should be leveraged to advance a regional understanding of ocean and coastal acidification. C1 [Gledhill, Dwight K.] NOAA, Ocean Acidificat Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [White, Meredith M.; Price, Nichole N.; Waller, Jesica D.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME USA. [Salisbury, Joseph] Univ New Hampshire, Ocean Proc Anal Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Thomas, Helmuth] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Mlsna, Ivy] US EPA, Off Water, Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Boston, MA USA. [Liebman, Matthew] US EPA, Boston, MA USA. [Mook, Bill] Mook Seafarm Inc, Walpole, ME USA. [Grear, Jason] US EPA, Populat Ecol Branch, Narragansett, RI USA. [Candelmo, Allison C.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr NEFSC, Sandy Hook, NJ USA. [Chambers, R. Christopher] NOAA, NEFSC, Sandy Hook, NJ USA. [Gobler, Christopher J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Hunt, Christopher W.] Univ New Hampshire, Nat Resources & Earth Syst Sci PhD Program, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [King, Andrew L.] Norwegian Inst Water Res, Oslo, Norway. [Signorini, Sergio R.] NASA, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Crofton, MD USA. [Standoff, Esperanza] Univ Maine Cooperat Extens & Sea Grant, Waldoboro, ME USA. [Stymiest, Cassie] Northeast Reg Assoc Coastal Ocean Observing Syst, Portsmouth, Hants, England. [Wahle, Richard A.] Univ Maine, Darling Marine Ctr, Sch Marine Sci, Walpole, ME 04573 USA. [Waller, Jesica D.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Walpole, ME USA. [Rebuck, Nathan D.] NOAA, NEFSC, Narragansett, RI USA. [Wang, Zhaohui A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Capson, Todd L.] Sustainable Fisheries Partnership, Washington, DC USA. [Morrison, J. Ruairidh] NERACOOS, Portsmouth, NH USA. [Cooley, Sarah R.] Ocean Conservancy, Washington, DC USA. [Doney, Scott C.] WHOI, Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Gledhill, DK (reprint author), NOAA, Ocean Acidificat Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM dwight.gledhill@noaa.gov RI Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010; OI Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437; White, Meredith/0000-0001-8113-9618; Hunt, Christopher/0000-0001-8061-4560 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Award [NA11NOS0120034]; Internship/Research Participation Program at the Office of Water, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); NASA [NNX14AL84G NASA-CCS] FX NECAN thanks the presenters of the NECAN webinar series and participants at the state-of-science workshop for thoughtful insights. For a complete listing of participants and contributors, please consult the NECAN website (http://www.neracoos.org/necan). NECAN is coordinated in part by NERACOOS (http://www.neracoos.org), with funding from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Award #NA11NOS0120034. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program at the Office of Water, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the EPA. JS acknowledges support from NASA grant from NNX14AL84G NASA-CCS. The scientific results and conclusions, as well as any views or opinions expressed herein, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the federal agencies with which any of the contributing authors may be affiliated. NR 94 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 50 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD JUN PY 2015 VL 28 IS 2 SI SI BP 182 EP 197 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2015.41 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CL8NP UT WOS:000357231700019 ER PT J AU Rosenzweig, S Sorial, GA Sahle-Demessie, E Luxton, T AF Rosenzweig, Shirley Sorial, George A. Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Luxton, Todd TI Study of Cu(II) Chemisorption Mechanisms on Modified Carbon Nanotubes Based on Isotherms, Column Experiments, and FTIR First Derivative Analysis SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; Breakthrough; Carbon nanotubes; Chemisorption; Copper; Fixed-bedcolumn; IR first derivative analysis ID ACTIVATED CARBON; ADSORPTION; REMOVAL; FUNCTIONALIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM; PLASMA; WATER; ACID AB The objective of this study was to investigate the chemisorption mechanisms of Cu(II) on alcohol functionalized carbon nanotubes (OH-CNT) compared to granulated activated carbon (F-400). Two different sizes of OH-CNT were used on both adsorption isotherm experiments and continuous-flow fixed-bed columns. The experiments were conducted as a function of adsorbent type with fixed bed height (5 cm), fixed flow rate (0.035 mL/min), and one initial Cu(II) concentration (10 mg/L) at pH 5.1 and room temperature. Isotherm curves follow Freundlich model with better adsorption capacity for OH-CNT (6.3 and 15.7 mg/g) compared to F-400 (6.0 mg/g). Breakthrough curves for all adsorbents were typical, while OH-CNT showed higher capacity to treat water per amount of adsorbent than F-400. After 5 days of desorption, there was very little Cu(II) leached from the OH-CNT column as compared to F-400 that slowly desorbed 85 % of Cu(II). These results indicated chemisorption process on OH-CNT with low residual release of Cu(II) from adsorbent after reaching saturation. A systematic correlation method using converted FTIR absorbance curves (first derivative analysis) of as-received and hybrid OH-CNT identified new peaks on the spectra for Cu(II) chemisorbed on CNT surface, showing that Cu(II) target acidic functional groups during adsorption. C1 [Rosenzweig, Shirley; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Luxton, Todd] US EPA, NRMRL, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Waste Management Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew] US EPA, NRMRL, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, POB 210012, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM George.Sorial@uc.edu FU EPA [S-10591-QP-1-0] FX The authors want to thank Stephen Harmon and Christina Bennett-Stamper for their work on SEM/EDS and Debby Roose for running the analysis in the ICP-AES. We also would like to acknowledge Dr. James Mack and Teresa Cook for the use of the department ball milling equipment. Special thanks to Liang Yan for the BET analysis. This study was supported by EPA project number S-10591-QP-1-0. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 226 IS 7 AR 215 DI 10.1007/s11270-015-2482-7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA CM4XS UT WOS:000357690100019 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Stonehuerner, J Soukup, JM Dailey, LA Kesic, MJ Cohen, MD AF Ghio, Andrew J. Stonehuerner, Jacqueline Soukup, Joleen M. Dailey, Lisa A. Kesic, Matthew J. Cohen, Mitchell D. TI Iron diminishes the in vitro biological effect of vanadium SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Vanadium Symposium (V9) CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2014 CL Padova, ITALY DE Vanadium; Iron; Inflammation; Oxidants; Interleukins ID ANION-EXCHANGE PROTEIN-2; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INDUCED ACTIVATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT-LIVER; KAPPA-B; MITOCHONDRIA; SUPEROXIDE; ACCUMULATION; MACROPHAGES AB Mechanistic pathways underlying inflammatory injury following exposures to vanadium-containing compounds are not defined. We tested the postulate that the in vitro biological effect of vanadium results from its impact on iron homeostasis. Human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells exposed to vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4) showed a time- and dose-dependent increase in vanadium relative to PBS. HBE cells exposed to VOSO4 and then exposed to ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) significantly increased intracellular iron import supporting an interaction between the two metals. Following exposure to VOSO4, there was an increase (336 +/- 73%) in RNA for divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), a major iron importer. With inclusion of VOSO4 in the incubation, vanadium could be measured in the nuclear and mitochondrial fractions and the supernatant. Non-heme iron in the nuclear and mitochondrial fractions were decreased immediately following VOSO4 exposure while there was an increased concentration of non-heme iron in the supernatant Provision of excess iron inhibited changes in the concentration of this metal provoked by VOSO4 exposures. Using Amplex Red, VOSO4 was shown to significantly increase oxidant generation by HBE cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. HBE cells pre-treated with FAC and then exposed to VOSO4 demonstrated a decreased generation of oxidants. Similarly, activation of the transcription factor NF- B promoter and release of interleukin-6 and -8 were increased following VOSO4 exposure and these effects were diminished by pre-treatment with FAC. We conclude that an initiating event in biological effect after exposure to vanadyl sulfate is a loss of requisite cell iron. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Stonehuerner, Jacqueline; Soukup, Joleen M.; Dailey, Lisa A.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kesic, Matthew J.] Methodist Univ, Phys Assistant Program, Fayetteville, NC USA. [Cohen, Mitchell D.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0162-0134 EI 1873-3344 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 147 SI SI BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.03.008 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CL5II UT WOS:000356992600014 PM 25843360 ER PT J AU Alexander, CR Cohen, MA AF Alexander, Cindy R. Cohen, Mark A. TI THE EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL SETTLEMENTS: AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE ON NON-PROSECUTION, DEFERRED PROSECUTION, AND PLEA AGREEMENTS SO AMERICAN CRIMINAL LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID REPUTATIONAL PENALTY; ENFORCEMENT; CRIME; FIRMS; ACT C1 [Alexander, Cindy R.; Cohen, Mark A.] US Dept Justice, Washington, DC USA. [Alexander, Cindy R.; Cohen, Mark A.] US Sentencing Commiss, Washington, DC USA. [Alexander, Cindy R.; Cohen, Mark A.] Fed Trade Commiss, Washington, DC USA. [Alexander, Cindy R.; Cohen, Mark A.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Alexander, Cindy R.] George Mason Univ, LEC, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Alexander, Cindy R.] SEC, Div Econ & Risk Anal, Washington, DC USA. [Cohen, Mark A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Owen Grad Sch Management, Nashville, TN USA. [Cohen, Mark A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Law, Nashville, TN USA. [Cohen, Mark A.] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC USA. RP Alexander, CR (reprint author), George Mason Univ, LEC, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. FU Searle Civil Justice Institute FX The authors have prior affiliations with the U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Sentencing Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Environmental Protection Agency and the Council of Economic Advisers. Alexander is affiliated with the Law and Economics Center (LEC), George Mason University, and the Division of Economics and Risk Analysis, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Cohen is affiliated with the Owen Graduate School of Management and School of Law, Vanderbilt University, and Resources for the Future. This article reports initial empirical findings and policy implications of a study that was initiated in 2012 and reflects the efforts of a research team at LEC under the direction of the authors and with the sponsorship of the Searle Civil Justice Institute. The SEC disclaims responsibility for any private publication or statement by any of its employees. This paper expresses the views of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Commission or of the authors' colleagues on the staff of the Commission. Initial drafting and analysis and all of the data in this article are the result of the excellent work of LEC staff under the direction of James Cooper. The authors gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with James Cooper, invaluable research contributions by Hassan Al-Khatib, Sophia Higgins, Brian O'Bannon, Matt Sibery and Michael Wilt, and the helpful comments of the editor and two anonymous referees. (C) 2015, Cindy R. Alexander and Mark A. Cohen. NR 130 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CRIMINAL LAW REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA GEORGETOWN UNIV LAW CTR 600 NEW JERSEY AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0164-0364 J9 AM CRIM LAW REV JI Am. Crim. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2015 VL 52 IS 3 BP 537 EP 593 PG 57 WC Law SC Government & Law GA CK6DP UT WOS:000356319000003 ER PT J AU Brooks, MC Cha, KY Wood, AL Annable, MD AF Brooks, Michael C. Cha, Ki Young Wood, A. Lynn Annable, Michael D. TI Screening-level estimates of mass discharge uncertainty from point measurement methods SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mass flux; Mass discharge; Uncertainty ID SOURCE-ZONE CHARACTERIZATION; NATURAL ATTENUATION RATE; GASOLINE SPILL SITE; INTRINSIC BIODEGRADATION; CONTAMINANT FLUXES; DNAPL SOURCE; GROUNDWATER; MIGRATION; PLUME; BTEX AB The uncertainty of mass discharge measurements associated with point-scale measurement techniques was investigated by deriving analytical solutions for the mass discharge coefficient of variation for two simplified, conceptual models. In the first case, a depth-averaged domain was assumed, consisting of one-dimensional groundwater flow perpendicular to a one-dimensional control plane of uniformly spaced sampling points. The contaminant flux along the control plane was assumed to be normally distributed. The second case consisted of one-dimensional groundwater flow perpendicular to a two-dimensional control plane of uniformly spaced sampling points. The contaminant flux in this case was assumed to be distributed according to a bivariate normal distribution. The center point for the flux distributions in both cases was allowed to vary in the domain of the control plane as a uniform random variable. Simplified equations for the uncertainty were investigated to facilitate screening-level evaluations of uncertainty as a function of sampling network design. Results were used to express uncertainty as a function of the length of the control plane and number of wells, or alternatively as a function of the sample spacing. Uncertainty was also expressed as a function of a new dimensionless parameter, Omega defined as the ratio of the maximum local flux to the product of mass discharge and sample density. Expressing uncertainty as a function of Omega provided a convenient means to demonstrate the relationship between uncertainty, the magnitude of a local hot spot, magnitude of mass discharge, distribution of the contaminant across the control plane, and the sampling density. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brooks, Michael C.; Wood, A. Lynn] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Cha, Ki Young] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Post Doctoral Associate, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Annable, Michael D.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Interdisciplinary Program Hydrol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Brooks, MC (reprint author), 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM brooks.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) FX The work upon which this paper is based was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development with funding provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), a collaborative effort involving the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). It has not been subjected to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. The authors thank Pat Bush, Senior Environmental Employee, for her editorial review; and Kathy Tynsky, SRA International, Inc., for her assistance with the figures. Comments from two anonymous reviewers were used to improve the manuscript, and we are grateful to them for their reviews. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUN-JUL PY 2015 VL 177 BP 167 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.04.002 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA CL1XQ UT WOS:000356738600015 PM 25965419 ER PT J AU Fisher, E Pascual, P Wagner, W AF Fisher, Elizabeth Pascual, Pasky Wagner, Wendy TI Rethinking Judicial Review of Expert Agencies SO TEXAS LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ADMINISTRATIVE-LAW; RULEMAKING PROCESS; SCIENCE; COURTS; POLICY AB The role of generalist courts in reviewing the work of expert agencies is generally portrayed as either an institutional necessity on the one hand or a Pandora's Box on the other. Courts are expected to ensure the accountability of agency actions through their legal oversight role, yet on matters of science policy they do not have the expertise of the agencies nor can they allow themselves to become amateur policymakers in the course of their review. Given these challenges, we set out to better understand what courts are doing in their review of agency science. We conducted a qualitative examination of the courts' review of challenges to agency scientific choices in the entire set of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Our study revealed an increasingly rigorous and substantive engagement in the courts' review of scientific challenges to the EPA's NAAQS over time that tracked the Agency's own progress in developing rigorous analytical approaches. Our findings, albeit preliminary, suggest the emergence of a constructive partnership between the courts and agencies in science policy in NAAQS cases. In overseeing scientific challenges, the courts appear to serve as a necessary irritant, encouraging the agency to develop much stronger administrative governance and deliberative decisions on complex science-policy issues. Conversely, in developing stronger decision-making processes, the resulting agency efforts have a reciprocal, positive impact on the courts' own standards for review. The courts and agencies thus appear to work symbiotically through their mutual efforts on the establishment of rigorous analytical yardsticks to guide the decision process. While our findings may be limited to the NAAQS, which likely present a best case in administrative process, the findings may still offer a grounded, normative model for imagining a constructive and even vital role for generalist courts in technically complex areas of social decision making. C1 [Fisher, Elizabeth] Univ Oxford, Environm Law, Fac Law, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Fisher, Elizabeth] Univ Oxford, Corpus Christi Coll, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Pascual, Pasky] US EPA, New York, NY USA. [Wagner, Wendy] Univ Texas Sch Law, Austin, TX USA. RP Fisher, E (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Environm Law, Fac Law, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU TEXAS LAW REVIEW PUBL INC PI AUSTIN PA 727 E 26TH ST, AUSTIN, TX 78705 USA SN 0040-4411 J9 TEX LAW REV JI Tex. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 93 IS 7 BP 1681 EP 1721 PG 41 WC Law SC Government & Law GA CL5IZ UT WOS:000356994900003 ER PT J AU Kligerman, AD Young, RR Stankowski, LF Pant, K Lawlor, T Aardema, MJ Houck, KA AF Kligerman, Andrew D. Young, Robert R. Stankowski, Leon F., Jr. Pant, Kamala Lawlor, Tim Aardema, Marilyn J. Houck, Keith A. TI An evaluation of 25 selected ToxCast chemicals in medium-throughput assays to detect genotoxicity SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE genotoxicity; high-throughput testing; Ames test; micronucleus test; ToxCast ID VITRO MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SALMONELLA; CAPTAN; MUTAGENICITIES; PESTICIDES; PROTOCOL; STRAINS; PROGRAM AB ToxCast is a multiyear effort to develop a cost-effective approach for the US EPA to prioritize chemicals for toxicity testing. Initial evaluation of more than 500 high-throughput (HT) microwell-based assays without metabolic activation showed that most lacked high specificity and sensitivity for detecting genotoxicants. Thus, EPA initiated a pilot project to investigate the use of standard genotoxicity endpoints using medium-throughput genotoxicity (MTG) assays in the context of a large testing program. Twenty-five chemicals were selected from the ToxCast program based in part on their known genotoxicity. The two MTG assays used were the Ames II assay and 96-well In Vitro MicroFlow((R)) Micronucleus (MN) assay. The Ames II assay showed a reasonable correlation with published Ames test data and industry submissions, though specificity was much better than sensitivity due to restraints on top concentrations as prescribed by ToxCast. Overall concordance was 73% both with and without metabolic activation. The flow MN assay had concordances of 71% and 58% with and without metabolic activation, respectively, when compared to published data and submissions. Importantly, a comparison of results without S9 from the MTG assays to an HT ToxCast p53 activation assay showed a fairly good degree of concordance (67%). The results reported here indicate that assays for genotoxicity endpoints can be conducted in a MT format and have the potential to add to the interpretation of results from large-scale testing programs such as EPA's ToxCast program. Inherent limitations such as the top concentrations used in large scale testing programs are discussed. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:468-476, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Kligerman, Andrew D.; Houck, Keith A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27710 USA. [Young, Robert R.; Stankowski, Leon F., Jr.; Pant, Kamala; Lawlor, Tim; Aardema, Marilyn J.] BioReliance Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Aardema, Marilyn J.] Marilyn Aardema Consulting LLC, Fairfield, OH USA. RP Kligerman, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD 105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27710 USA. EM kligerman.andrew@epa.gov FU US EPA by BioReliance Corporation [ED-D-11-081] FX The authors would like to thank Kristine Witt (NIEHS) and David DeMarini (USEPA) for careful review of the manuscript. The experimental results were carried out under US EPA contract # ED-D-11-081 by BioReliance Corporation. The authors would also like to thank Stephen Little for helping with QA Clearance at the US EPA and summarizing the positive control data. The authors would like to thank Dr. Steve Dertinger and Mr. Steve Bryce for their expert advice and assistance with the in vitro MicroFlow (R) assay. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 56 IS 5 BP 468 EP 476 DI 10.1002/em.21934 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CK7QC UT WOS:000356426200005 PM 25537651 ER PT J AU Jia, HF Wang, XW Ti, CP Zhai, YY Field, R Tafuri, AN Cai, HH Yu, SL AF Jia, Haifeng Wang, Xiangwen Ti, Chaopu Zhai, Yanyun Field, Richard Tafuri, Anthony N. Cai, Huihua Yu, Shaw L. TI Field monitoring of a LID-BMP treatment train system in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE LID-BMP treatment train; Grassed swales; Bioretention; Field test; Green campus; Southern China ID URBAN RUNOFF; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; PERFORMANCE; CATCHMENTS; REMOVAL; RIVER AB In order to assess the urban runoff control effectiveness of a low-impact development best management practice (LID-BMP) treatment train system, a field test of selected LID-BMPs was conducted in China. The LID-BMPs selected include three grassed swales, a buffer strip, a bioretention cell, two infiltration pits, and a constructed wetland. The test site is in a campus in southern China. The LID-BMPs, connected in a series, received stormwater runoff from four tennis courts with an area of 2808 m(2) and eight basketball courts with an area of 4864 m(2). Construction of the LID-BMPs was completed in early spring of 2012, and the sampling was conducted during May of 2012 to September of 2013. During the sampling effort, besides the performance evaluations of grassed swales and the bioretention cell in controlling runoff quantity as well as quality, the emphasis was also on determining the performance of the LID-BMP treatment train system. A total of 19 storm events were monitored, with nine producing no runoff and ten producing runoff. Data collected from the ten storm events were analyzed for estimating runoff quantity (peak flow rate and total runoff volume) and quality reduction by the LID-BMPs. The sum of loads (SOL) method was used for calculating the water quality performance of LID-BMPs. Results indicated that, for peak flow rate, a bioretention cell reduction of 50-84 % was obtained, and grassed swale reduction was 17-79 %, with a runoff volume reduction of 47-80 and 9-74 %, respectively. For water quality, the bioretention cell in general showed good removal for zinc (nearly 100 %), copper (69 %), NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen) (51 %), and total nitrogen (TN) (49 %); fair removal for chemical oxygen demand (COD) (18 %); and poor removal for total suspended solids (TSS) (-11 %) and total phosphorus (TP) (-21 %). And its performance effectiveness for pollutant removal increased in the second year after 1 year of stabilizing. When considering the aggregated effect of the LIDBMP treatment train system, it showed excellent removal for NH3-N (73%), TN (74%), and TP (95 %) and fair removal for COD (19 %) and TSS (35 %). The assessment results of the LID-BMP treatment train system provide valuable information on how to link the different types of LID-BMP facilities and maximize the integrated effectiveness on urban runoff control. C1 [Jia, Haifeng; Wang, Xiangwen; Ti, Chaopu] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhai, Yanyun] Ecovista Environm Consulting Inc, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Field, Richard; Tafuri, Anthony N.] US EPA, Watershed Management Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Edison, NJ USA. [Cai, Huihua] Guangdong Vocat Coll Environm Protect Engn, Foshan, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yu, Shaw L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Jia, HF (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM jhf@tsinghua.edu.cn FU Foshan Municipal Environment Bureau; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51278267]; USEPA National Risk Management Laboratory's Watershed Management Branch FX Major funding for this research was provided by the Foshan Municipal Environment Bureau and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51278267). Partial support was received from the USEPA National Risk Management Laboratory's Watershed Management Branch. The assistance from Guangdong Vocational College of Environmental Protection Engineering is also appreciated. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 187 IS 6 AR 373 DI 10.1007/s10661-015-4595-2 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK0TT UT WOS:000355918600018 PM 26009159 ER PT J AU Minning, T Lytle, DA Pham, M Kelty, K AF Minning, Thomas Lytle, Darren A. Pham, Maily Kelty, Keith TI Systematic evaluation of dissolved lead sorption losses to particulate syringe filter materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Filtration; Lead; Losses; Particles; Soluble; Water ID DRINKING-WATER; CORROSION; ADSORPTION; METALS AB Distinguishing between soluble and particulate lead in drinking water is useful in understanding the mechanism of lead release and identifying remedial action. Typically, particulate lead is defined as the amount of lead removed by a 0.45-mu m filter. Unfortunately, there is little guidance regarding selection of filter membrane material and little consideration to the possibility of the sorption of dissolved lead to the filter. The objective of this work was to examine the tendency of 0.45-mu m syringe filter materials to adsorb lead. Tests were performed withwater containing 40 and 24 mu g/L soluble lead at pH 7 buffered with 50 mg C/L dissolved inorganic concentration (DIC). The amounts of lead sorbed greatly varied by filter, and only two filter types, polypropylene and mixed cellulose esters, performed well and are recommended. Great care must be taken in choosing a filter when filtering soluble lead and interpreting filter results. C1 [Minning, Thomas] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lytle, Darren A.; Pham, Maily; Kelty, Keith] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Lytle.Darren@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 187 IS 6 AR 383 DI 10.1007/s10661-015-4610-7 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK0TT UT WOS:000355918600028 PM 26017807 ER PT J AU Lai, DY Kacew, S Dekant, W AF Lai, David Y. Kacew, Sam Dekant, Wolfgang TI Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA): Possible modes of action of toxicity and carcinogenicity in rodents SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE TBBPA; Mode of action; Toxicity; Carcinogenicity; Potential risk ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; ENDOMETRIAL ADENOCARCINOMA DEVELOPMENT; CANCER CELL-LINE; BISPHENOL-A; IN-VITRO; THYROID-HORMONES; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; FISCHER-344 RATS AB Due to potential consumer exposures, the toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) has been extensively studied. Reviews of TBBPA concluded no concerns regarding human health risks. The low toxicity of TBBPA is consistent with low bioavailability. However, some oral toxicity studies in rodents with TBBPA reported changes in thyroid hormone levels and a carcinogenicity study with TBBPA showed increased incidences of uterine tumors in rats. This review analyzes several modes of action (MoA) that may account for the observed thyroxine hormone changes and the uterine tumors. It concludes that the potential modes of action for thyroid changes induced by TBBPA are expected to exhibit a threshold for adverse effects due to the ability of the mammalian organism to compensate small changes in thyroid hormone levels. Regarding MoAs for the uterine tumors, TBBPA does not exert genotoxic or estrogenic effects. Available evidence suggests that TBBPA may increase levels of circulating estrogens by a competitive inhibition of estrogen conjugation and produce uterine tumors by promoting pre-existing Tp53-mutations due to increased estrogen levels resulting in increased cell proliferation. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Lai, David Y.] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Risk Assessment Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kacew, Sam] Univ Ottawa, McLauglin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Dekant, Wolfgang] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Toxicol, D-97078 Wurzburg, Germany. RP Dekant, W (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Dept Toxicol, Versbacherstr 9, D-97078 Wurzburg, Germany. EM dekant@toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de FU American Chemical Council; Bromine Science and Environmental Forum (BSEF) FX Dr. Dekant and Dr Kacew both report personal fees from the American Chemical Council, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Bromine Science and Environmental Forum (BSEF), outside the submitted work. NR 68 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 EI 1873-6351 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 80 BP 206 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.023 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA CK3HP UT WOS:000356107500023 PM 25818463 ER PT J AU Scharold, J Corry, TD Yurista, PM Kelly, JR AF Scharold, Jill Corry, Timothy D. Yurista, Peder M. Kelly, John R. TI Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the US nearshore zone of Lake Erie, 2009: Status and linkages to landscape-derived stressors SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lake Erie; Benthic macroinvertebrates ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; LOWER GREAT-LAKES; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; WETLAND INDICATORS; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; NATURAL-RESOURCES; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; COASTAL; HEXAGENIA AB As a pilot for the 2010 US National Coastal Condition Assessment, we conducted a survey of benthic macroinvertebrates in the US nearshore zone of Lake Erie during August September 2009. A probability-based survey design was used to select 45 sites from the nearshore (the region within the 30 m contour and <= 5.5 km from shore). The dominant taxonomic group was dreissenid mussels, with a mean density of 8415 +/- 1826 (SE) m(-2). Other major taxa included oligochaetes (2736 +/- 442 m(-2)) and chironomids (794 +/- 139 m(-2)). The three major taxa were distributed throughout the nearshore, with the highest densities in the western basin. Lake-wide mean density of the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia was 114 +/- 39 m(-2); however, it was present only in the western basin, where its mean density was 356 +/- 141 m(-2). Stepwise multiple linear regressions across sites revealed significant correlations of several benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage metrics with landscape measures of anthropogenic stress in adjacent coastal watersheds. The Shannon diversity index, the oligochaete trophic index, taxon richness, and densities of chironomids and Hexagenia were significantly related to agricultural activity in basin watersheds. Other significant landscape-level explanatory variables included population density, shoreline modification, atmospheric deposition, and land cover. Study results provide evidence that benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the nearshore zone of Lake Erie are responsive to landscape-derived stressors emanating from adjacent watersheds. Ancillary regression analyses reinforce the concept that responses in benthic metrics appear to be mediated through site-level trophic enrichment effects in the open nearshore. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Scharold, Jill; Corry, Timothy D.; Yurista, Peder M.; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Scharold, J (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM scharold.jill@epa.gov FU US EPA FX This work was funded entirely by the US EPA. The US EPA Great Lakes National Program Office provided ship time on the R/V Lake Guardian. Greg Peterson and Andrew Just provided invaluable assistance with field sampling on the RN Tullibee. Anne Cotter performed water quality analyses, and benthic macroinvertebrate samples were processed by EcoAnalysts. We thank Dr. Kenneth Krieger, MaryAnn Starus and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 BP 338 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.020 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CK7GE UT WOS:000356400000004 ER PT J AU Yurista, PM Kelly, JR Cotter, AM Miller, SE Van Alstine, JD AF Yurista, Peder M. Kelly, John R. Cotter, Anne M. Miller, Samuel E. Van Alstine, Jon D. TI Green Bay: Spatial variation in water quality, and landscape correlations SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Green Bay; Nearshore; Assessment; Towed instrument array; CTD; LOPC ID OPTICAL PLANKTON COUNTER; LOWER FOX RIVER; LAKE-MICHIGAN; GREAT-LAKES; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; NEARSHORE VARIABILITY; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; COASTAL WETLAND; MASS-BALANCE; PHOSPHORUS AB We conducted a high-resolution survey along the nearshore (369 km) in Green Bay using towed electronic instrumentation at approximately 15-m depth contour, with additional transects of the bay that were oriented cross-contour (49 km). Electronic sensor data provided an efficient characterization of a spatial pattern in water quality parameters. Nearshore water quality was correlated with adjacent landscape characterization. The regressions were able to explain over 80% of the alongshore variability for some parameters. The parameters with the strongest correlation were specific conductivity, beam attenuation, and chlorophyll. A clear feature of Green Bay is the loading introduced by the Fox River at the head of the bay. River loading sets up the conditions for a longitudinal gradient along the bay. Nutrient and chlorophyll gradients have persisted since first observed in monitoring surveys decades ago in spite of rapid flushing of the bay and efforts for remedial actions to restore areas of concern (AOCs). The water quality gradients were steepest in the 25-km closest to the mouth of the Fox River decreasing inversely with distance to where the bay opens to Lake Michigan. Summarized data from our 2010 tow and a concurrent National Coastal Condition Assessment (NCCA) survey compared to historical data (1971-1989) show a bay-wide rise in specific conductivity and chlorides, but only suggest highly variable total phosphorous and chlorophyll a in the inner bay. The tools employed (towed sensors, landuse characterization, and NCCA) can provide an efficient approach to a more regular and comprehensive bay-wide assessment. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Yurista, Peder M.; Kelly, John R.; Cotter, Anne M.; Miller, Samuel E.; Van Alstine, Jon D.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Yurista, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM yurista.peder@epa.gov FU US EPA FX This work was funded entirely by the US EPA. We would like to thank D. Griesmer and R. Kreis for providing the GBMB water quality data. We would like to thank Val Klump for sharing his expertise on Green Bay and helpful comments on this manuscript. We thank the associate editor Barry Lesht and two reviewers for their comments that helped to improve the paper. We finally thank all of the NCCA survey participants and the US EPA Office of Water for permission to use the NCCA water quality information. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 BP 560 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.014 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CK7GE UT WOS:000356400000028 ER PT J AU Wang, LZ Riseng, CM Mason, LA Wehrly, KE Rutherford, ES McKenna, JE Castiglione, C Johnson, LB Infante, DM Sowa, S Robertson, M Schaeffer, J Khoury, M Gaiot, J Hollenhorst, T Brooks, C Coscarelli, M AF Wang, Lizhu Riseng, Catherine M. Mason, Lacey A. Wehrly, Kevin E. Rutherford, Edward S. McKenna, James E., Jr. Castiglione, Chris Johnson, Lucinda B. Infante, Dana M. Sowa, Scott Robertson, Mike Schaeffer, Jeff Khoury, Mary Gaiot, John Hollenhorst, Tom Brooks, Colin Coscarelli, Mark TI A spatial classification and database for management, research, and policy making: The Great Lakes aquatic habitat framework SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Database; Hierarchy; Spatial unit; Framework; Classification; Great Lakes ID SURFICIAL SEDIMENTS; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; WATER-QUALITY; COASTAL; FISH; MICHIGAN; NEARSHORE; ONTARIO; HURON; ERIE AB Managing the world's largest and most complex freshwater ecosystem, the Laurentian Great Lakes, requires a spatially hierarchical basin-wide database of ecological and socioeconomic information that is comparable across the region. To meet such a need, we developed a spatial classification framework and database-Great Lakes Aquatic Habitat Framework (GLAHF). GLAHF consists of catchments, coastal terrestrial, coastal margin, nearshore, and offshore zones that encompass the entire Great Lakes Basin. The catchments captured in the database as river pour points or coastline segments are attributed with data known to influence physicochemical and biological characteristics of the lakes from the catchments. The coastal terrestrial zone consists of 30-m grid cells attributed with data from the terrestrial region that has direct connection with the lakes. The coastal margin and nearshore zones consist of 30-m grid cells attributed with data describing the coastline conditions, coastal human disturbances, and moderately to highly variable physicochemical and biological characteristics. The offshore zone consists of 1.8-km grid cells attributed with data that are spatially less variable compared with the other aquatic zones. These spatial classification zones. and their associated data are nested within lake sub-basins and political boundaries and allow the synthesis of information from grid cells to classification zones, within and among political boundaries, lake sub-basins, Great Lakes, or within the entire Great Lakes Basin. This spatially structured database could help the development of basin-wide management plans, prioritize locations for funding and specific management actions, track protection and restoration progress, and conduct research for science-based decision making. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great lakes Research. C1 [Wang, Lizhu] Int Joint Commiss, Great Lakes Off, Detroit, MI 48232 USA. [Riseng, Catherine M.; Mason, Lacey A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wehrly, Kevin E.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Fisheries Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wehrly, Kevin E.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [McKenna, James E., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Castiglione, Chris] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Great Lakes Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Basom, NY 14013 USA. [Johnson, Lucinda B.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Infante, Dana M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Sowa, Scott] Nature Conservancy, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. [Robertson, Mike; Gaiot, John] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Peterborough, ON K9J 8M5, Canada. [Schaeffer, Jeff] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Khoury, Mary] Nature Conservancy, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Hollenhorst, Tom] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Brooks, Colin] Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Coscarelli, Mark] Great Lakes Fishery Trust, Lansing, MI 48933 USA. RP Wang, LZ (reprint author), Int Joint Commiss, Great Lakes Off, POB 32869, Detroit, MI 48232 USA. EM Wangl@windsor.ijc.org OI Rutherford, Edward/0000-0002-7282-6667; Mason, Lacey/0000-0003-1541-3134 FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust [2010 1206]; University of Michigan; Michigan Department of Natural Resources; International Joint Commission; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Environment Canada; Nature Conservancy; Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Michigan State University; University of Minnesota-Duluth; University of Windsor FX We thank Paul Seelbach, Michael Wiley, Jan Ciborowski, Scudder Mackey, Travis Brenden, John Dettmers, Karen Rodriguez, Mark Burrows, and Michael Laitta for their support and strategic thinking in the development of the Great Lakes spatial framework and database. We are grateful to the GIS and data acquisition support from Jason Breck, Danielle Forsyth, Beth Sparks-Jackson, and Gust Annis. This project was funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Trust (2010 1206) and received in-kind support from the University of Michigan, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, International Joint Commission, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environment Canada, The Nature Conservancy, The Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Michigan State University, University of Minnesota-Duluth, and University of Windsor. This is contribution 1914 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center and contribution 1747 of the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 BP 584 EP 596 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.017 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CK7GE UT WOS:000356400000030 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Hawkins, TR Ingwersen, WW Young, DM AF Lee, Seung-Jin Hawkins, Troy R. Ingwersen, Wesley W. Young, Douglas M. TI Exploring the Use of Ecological Footprint in Life Cycle Impact Assessment: Findings from a Comparison of Transportation Fuels SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biofuel; ecological footprint (EF); industrial ecology; land use; life cycle assessment (LCA); life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) ID LAND-USE IMPACTS; NATURAL-ENVIRONMENT; BIODIVERSITY; LCA; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSUMPTION; METHODOLOGY; EMISSIONS; FRAMEWORK; BIOFUELS AB Ecological footprint (EF) is a metric that estimates human consumption of biological resources and products, along with generation of waste greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terms of appropriated productive land. There is an opportunity to better characterize land occupation and effects on the carbon cycle in life cycle assessment (LCA) models using EF concepts. Both LCA and EF may benefit from the merging of approaches commonly used separately by practitioners of these two methods. However, few studies have compared or integrated EF with LCA. The focus of this research was to explore methods for improving the characterization of land occupation within LCA by considering the EF method, either as a complementary tool or impact assessment method. Biofuels provide an interesting subject for application of EF in the LCA context because two of the most important issues surrounding biofuels are land occupation (changes, availability, and so on) and GHG balances, two of the impacts that EF is able to capture. We apply EF to existing fuel LCA land occupation and emissions data and project EF for future scenarios for U.S. transportation fuels. We find that LCA studies can benefit from lessons learned in EF about appropriately modeling productive land occupation and facilitating clear communication of meaningful results, but find limitations to the EF in the LCA context that demand refinement and recommend that EF always be used along with other indicators and metrics in product-level assessments. C1 [Lee, Seung-Jin; Hawkins, Troy R.; Ingwersen, Wesley W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chem Safety Sustainabil, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Earth & Resource Sci, 516 Murchie Sci Bldg, Flint, MI 48502 USA. EM sjleeum@umflint.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX The authors thank Juan Carlos Morales and Alessandro Galli from the Global Footprint Network and their organization for their contributions toward completing this study. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments in significantly improving the manuscript. This work is not approved or endorsed by the Global Footprint Network. This research was supported, in part, by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an agreement between the the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. This article does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1088-1980 EI 1530-9290 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 19 IS 3 BP 416 EP 426 DI 10.1111/jiec.12188 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK7XT UT WOS:000356450800009 ER PT J AU Kelt, DA Aliperti, JR Meserve, PL Milstead, WB Previtali, MA Gutierrez, JR AF Kelt, Douglas A. Aliperti, Jaclyn R. Meserve, Peter L. Milstead, W. Bryan Previtali, M. Andrea Gutierrez, Julio R. TI Energetic compensation is historically contingent and not supported for small mammals in South American or Asian deserts SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE community ecology; degu; deserts; energetic compensation; functional redundancy; historical contingency; north-central Chile; Octodon degus; species coexistence; species redundancy; trophic strategy; zero-sum dynamics ID NORTH-CENTRAL CHILE; THORN SCRUB COMMUNITY; FUNCTIONAL REDUNDANCY; BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; SEMIARID CHILE; FEEDING-HABITS; RODENT GUILD; NEW-WORLD; ZERO-SUM AB Understanding the nature of faunal assembly and community structure remains central to ecology. Research in North American deserts and some tropical forests provides evidence of energetic compensation and zero-sum dynamics, suggesting that species in some natural assemblages may be replaced with limited impact on ecosystem function. Experimental removal of a dominant small mammal (degu, Octodon degus) from replicate plots in semiarid coastal thorn-scrub habitat in north-central Chile revealed no evidence for energetic or functional compensation; energy consumption remained significantly lower on degu exclusions relative to control plots after 17 years of exclusion. This occurred in spite of the fact that the geographic species pools for South American sites generally are similar in size to those of most North American sites (mean and median number of species, 16.3 and 21.5 vs. 21.0 and 20, respectively). A macroecological assessment of energetically equivalent species at 394 arid sites in North America, the Gobi Desert, and South America indicated that the number of potentially equivalent species was lower than (Gobi) or similar to (South America) that found in North America, but when segregated by trophic groups, these faunas differed markedly. North American sites included large numbers of granivorous species whereas South American sites were dominated by omnivores. The more general trophic strategy in the latter sites would be expected to facilitate compensatory responses within local faunas, suggesting either that our site is anomalous or that other factors are governing local dynamics. Further research is needed to understand the generality of compensatory dynamics within natural systems, as this mechanism has direct relevance to discussions on ecological resilience in the face of ongoing environmental change. C1 [Kelt, Douglas A.; Aliperti, Jaclyn R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kelt, Douglas A.; Meserve, Peter L.; Gutierrez, Julio R.] Univ La Serena, La Serena, Chile. [Kelt, Douglas A.; Meserve, Peter L.; Gutierrez, Julio R.] CEAZA, La Serena, Chile. [Meserve, Peter L.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Meserve, Peter L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Milstead, W. Bryan] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Previtali, M. Andrea] Univ Nacl Litoral, Dept Ciencias Nat, Fac Humanidades & Ciencias, RA-3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. [Previtali, M. Andrea] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, RA-3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. RP Kelt, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dakelt@ucdavis.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0948583, DEB-0947224]; Chilean CONICYT [FONDECYT 1110228]; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity; University of California-Davis; Northern Illinois University; Universidad de La Serena; Chile's National Forest and Park Service (CONAF) and Agriculture Service (SAG) FX We thank J. H. Brown, P. A. Marquet, and G. I. Shenbrot for making their data sets available, and R. A. Ojeda and D. Rodriguez for additional data from arid regions of Mendoza Province, Argentina. Two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments that helped to improve the presentation (and in one case, to correct an important error). Our long-term work in Chile has been collaterally funded by the National Science Foundation (most recently DEB-0948583 to D. A. Kelt and DEB-0947224 to P. L. Meserve), Chilean CONICYT (most recently FONDECYT 1110228 to J. R. Gutierrez), the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (www.ieb-chile.cl), the University of California-Davis, Northern Illinois University, the Universidad de La Serena, and by Chile's National Forest and Park Service (CONAF) and Agriculture Service (SAG). NR 95 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 19 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUN PY 2015 VL 96 IS 6 BP 1702 EP 1712 DI 10.1890/14-1569.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK2DV UT WOS:000356021700025 ER PT J AU Harrill, JA Robinette, BL Freudenrich, TM Mundy, WR AF Harrill, Joshua A. Robinette, Brian L. Freudenrich, Theresa M. Mundy, William R. TI Media formulation influences chemical effects on neuronal growth and morphology SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE High-content image analysis; Developmental neurotoxicity; Axon outgrowth; Dendrite outgrowth; Synaptogenesis; Culture media ID SERUM-FREE MEDIUM; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; IN-VITRO; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; ALTERNATIVE METHODS; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; CORTICAL-NEURONS; PROTEIN-BINDING; DEFINED MEDIUM AB Screening for developmental neurotoxicity using in vitro, cell-based systems has been proposed as an efficient alternative to performing in vivo studies. One tool currently used for developmental neurotoxicity screening is automated high-content imaging of neuronal morphology. While high-content imaging (HCI) has been demonstrated to be useful in detection of potential developmental neurotoxicants, comparison of results between laboratories or assays can be complicated due to methodological differences. In order to determine whether high-content imaging-based developmental neurotoxicity assays can be affected by differences in media formulation, a systematic comparison of serum-supplemented (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's media (DMEM) + 10% serum) and serum-free (Neurobasal A + B27) culture media on neuronal morphology was performed using primary rat cortical neurons. Concentration-response assays for neuritogenesis, axon and dendrite outgrowth, and synaptogenesis were performed in each media type using chemicals with previously demonstrated effects. Marked qualitative and quantitative differences in the characteristics of neurons cultured in the two media types were observed, with increased neuronal growth and less basal cell death in Neurobasal A + B27. Media formulation also affected assay sensitivity and selectivity. Increases in assay sensitivity were observed in Neurobasal A + B27 media as compared to serum-supplemented DMEM. In some instances, a greater difference between effective concentrations for cell death and neurodevelopmental-specific endpoints was also observed in Neurobasal A + B27 media as compared to serum-supplemented DMEM. These data show that media formulation must be considered when comparing data for similar endpoints between studies. Neuronal culture maintained in Neurobasal A + B27 media had several features advantageous for HCI applications including less basal cell death, less cell clustering and neurite fasciculation, and a tendency towards increased sensitivity and selectivity in chemical concentration-response studies. C1 [Harrill, Joshua A.; Robinette, Brian L.; Freudenrich, Theresa M.; Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mundy, WR (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mundy.william@epa.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 EI 1543-706X J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 6 BP 612 EP 629 DI 10.1007/s11626-015-9873-3 PG 18 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA CK2LZ UT WOS:000356043400010 PM 25678462 ER PT J AU Lafferty, DJR Belant, JL Phillips, DL AF Lafferty, Diana J. R. Belant, Jerrold L. Phillips, Donald L. TI Testing the niche variation hypothesis with a measure of body condition SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; BROWN BEARS; BLACK BEARS; INDIVIDUAL SPECIALIZATION; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; URSUS-AMERICANUS; PACIFIC SALMON; MIXING MODELS; NORTH-AMERICA; ARCTIC FOXES AB Individual variation and fitness are cornerstones of evolution by natural selection. The niche variation hypothesis (NVH) posits that when interspecific competition is relaxed, intraspecific competition should drive niche expansion by selection favoring use of novel resources and that among-individual variation should confer a selective advantage. Population-level niche expansion could be achieved by all individuals using all available resources, or by each individual using a unique combination of resources, thereby increasing among-individual dietary niche variation. Although individual variation can lead to species-level evolutionary and ecological change, observed variation does not ensure a beneficial outcome. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of claw keratin and a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to estimate the summer (July-September) assimilated diet of individual female black Ursus americanus and brown U. arctos bears. We quantified variation in dietary niche in both populations, and assessed diet relative to percentage body fat. We hypothesized that if the NVH held, percentage body fat would be similar for individuals of the same species across much of the dietary range of observed proportional salmon contributions to individual bear diets. Although we found greater differences in dietary niches between than within species, we observed greater among-individual dietary variation in the brown bear population. Moreover, we found that within each species individual female bears achieved similar ranges of percentage body fat at various levels of salmon in the diet. Our results provide support for the NVH. Linking individual dietary niches to measures of physiological condition related to fitness can offer new insights into eco-evolutionary processes related to food resource use. C1 [Lafferty, Diana J. R.; Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Phillips, Donald L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Lafferty, DJR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dlafferty@cfr.msstate.edu FU Dept of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture at Mississippi State Univ.; Denali National Park and Preserve; National Park Service Fee Demonstration Program; National Park Service Challenge Cost Share Program; Canon USA through the National Park Foundation FX Author contributions: DJRL and JLB conceived of the idea, JLB conducted fieldwork, DJRL and DLP collaborated in stable isotope analysis, DJRL preformed statistical analyses, DJRL and JLB wrote the manuscript, and DLP provided editorial advice. We thank the Dept of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture at Mississippi State Univ. for financial support during the completion of this manuscript. Original data collection was possible through a cooperative initiative involving Alaska Dept of Fish and Game, Alaska State Parks, National Park Service, US Geological Survey (Biological Resources Division), and Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks. K. Stahlnecker insured project initiation. D. Bingham, J. Bryant, H. Griese, J. Kellam, J. Larrivee, M. Masteller, P. Owen, D. Porter, E. Schochat, K. Stahlnecker and K. Wilson provided field and/or administrative assistance during initial data collection efforts. Safe and effective animal capture was possible due to the pilots J. (S.) Hamilton, J. Larrivee, H. McMahan, M. Meekin and P. Walters. We thank N. Haubenstock and T. Howe for conducting stable isotope analysis. Data collection was funded by Denali National Park and Preserve, National Park Service Fee Demonstration Program, National Park Service Challenge Cost Share Program, and Donations from Canon USA, through the National Park Foundation. We are grateful to T. Conkling for assistance with R-coding, and we thank M. Araujo, J. Martin and S. Rush for providing constructive comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This document has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) peer and administrative review, and has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD JUN PY 2015 VL 124 IS 6 BP 732 EP 740 DI 10.1111/oik.01741 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CK2AC UT WOS:000356010600008 ER PT J AU Saba, T AF Saba, Tarek TI Study finds Marcellus NORM exposure risks low SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Saba, Tarek] Exponent Inc, Maynard, MA 01754 USA. [Saba, Tarek] US Environm Protect Agency, Groundwater Remediat Technol Dev Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Saba, T (reprint author), Exponent Inc, Maynard, MA 01754 USA. EM tsaba@exponent.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0030-1388 EI 1944-9151 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 113 IS 6 BP 55 EP 57 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA CK1JV UT WOS:000355964500014 ER PT J AU Kraus, RT Knight, CT Farmer, TM Gorman, AM Collingsworth, PD Warren, GJ Kocovsky, PM Conroy, JD AF Kraus, Richard T. Knight, Carey T. Farmer, Troy M. Gorman, Ann Marie Collingsworth, Paris D. Warren, Glenn J. Kocovsky, Patrick M. Conroy, Joseph D. TI Dynamic hypoxic zones in Lake Erie compress fish habitat, altering vulnerability to fishing gears SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; TEMPORAL TRENDS; DEMERSAL FISHES; NORTH-CAROLINA; CENTRAL BASIN; BROWN SHRIMP; GREAT-LAKES; CONSEQUENCES AB Seasonal degradation of aquatic habitats from hypoxia occurs in numerous freshwater and coastal marine systems and can result in direct mortality or displacement of fish. Yet, fishery landings from these systems are frequently unresponsive to changes in the severity and extent of hypoxia, and population-scale effects have been difficult to measure except in extreme hypoxic conditions with hypoxia-sensitive species. We investigated fine-scale temporal and spatial variability in dissolved oxygen in Lake Erie as it related to fish distribution and catch efficiencies of both active (bottom trawls) and passive (trap nets) fishing gears. Temperature and dissolved oxygen loggers placed near the edge of the hypolimnion exhibited much higher than expected variability. Hypoxic episodes of variable durations were frequently punctuated by periods of normoxia, consistent with high-frequency internal waves. High-resolution interpolations of water quality and hydroacoustic surveys suggest that fish habitat is compressed during hypoxic episodes, resulting in higher fish densities near the edges of hypoxia. At fixed locations with passive commercial fishing gear, catches with the highest values occurred when bottom waters were hypoxic for intermediate proportions of time. Proximity to hypoxia explained significant variation in bottom trawl catches, with higher catch rates near the edge of hypoxia. These results emphasize how hypoxia may elevate catch rates in various types of fishing gears, leading to a lack of association between indices of hypoxia and fishery landings. Increased catch rates of fish at the edges of hypoxia have important implications for stock assessment models that assume catchability is spatially homogeneous. C1 [Kraus, Richard T.; Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Knight, Carey T.; Gorman, Ann Marie] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Fairport Fisheries Stn, Fairport Harbor, OH 44077 USA. [Farmer, Troy M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Collingsworth, Paris D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Warren, Glenn J.] US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Conroy, Joseph D.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Inland Fisheries Res Unit, Hebron, OH 43025 USA. RP Kraus, RT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM rkraus@usgs.gov RI Conroy, Joseph/C-4463-2008 OI Conroy, Joseph/0000-0002-9561-7294 FU Department of the Interior Northeast Climate Science Center; Upper Midwest Great Lakes Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program [F-69-P] FX We are grateful for the cooperation and insights provided by commercial fishers, Joe and Jeff Herr, who provided coordinate data. We thank the numerous biological support staff and research vessel crew for their diligent contributions to obtain and process the data presented in this manuscript: Nick Agins, Stephanie Berkman, Betsy Bodamer-Scarbro, Tim Cherry, John Deller, Alex Ford, Theo Gover, Dale Hall, Kevin Keretz, Jeramy Pinkerton, Chelsea Schmit, Rachel Wirick, and Andrew Zimmerman. We are also grateful for a helpful review of this manuscript provided by Mark Vinson. Portions of this research were funded by the Department of the Interior Northeast Climate Science Center and the Upper Midwest Great Lakes Landscape Conservation Cooperative. Support for ongoing and historical Lake Erie trawl recruitment assessments was funded by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program (F-69-P, Fish Management in Ohio) administered jointly by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife. The views expressed in this paper belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US-EPA. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. This article is contribution number 1916 of the Great Lakes Science Center. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 58 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 72 IS 6 BP 797 EP 806 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0517 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CJ1NW UT WOS:000355251400001 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ AF Ghio, Andrew J. TI The IRON MAN trial: a protocol for a multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial of intravenous iron in intensive care unit patients with anaemia SO CRITICAL CARE AND RESUSCITATION LA English DT Letter ID THERAPY; SEPSIS C1 US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 28557 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 28557 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AUSTRALASIAN MED PUBL CO LTD PI PYRMONT PA LEVEL 2, 26-32 PYRMONT BRIDGE RD, PYRMONT, NSW 2009, AUSTRALIA SN 1441-2772 J9 CRIT CARE RESUSC JI Crit Care Resusc. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 2 BP 144 EP 144 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA CJ0ID UT WOS:000355158100016 PM 26017134 ER PT J AU Hagan, N Robins, N Hsu-Kim, H Halabi, S Gonzales, RDE Ecos, E Richter, D Vandenberg, J AF Hagan, Nicole Robins, Nicholas Hsu-Kim, Heileen Halabi, Susan Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario Ecos, Enrique Richter, Daniel Vandenberg, John TI Mercury hair levels and factors that influence exposure for residents of Huancavelica, Peru SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adobe; Hair; Health; Mercury Soil ID POPULATION; MINE AB Between 1564 and 1810, nearly 17,000 metric tons of mercury (Hg) vapor was released to the environment during cinnabar refining in the small town of Huancavelica, Peru. The present study characterizes individual exposure to mercury using total and speciated Hg from residential samples, total Hg in hair, and self-reported questionnaire data regarding factors influencing exposure (e.g., frequency of fish consumption, occupation). Total Hg concentrations in hair from 118 participants ranged from 0.10 to 3.6 A mu g/g, similar to concentrations found in the USA and lower than concentrations in other Hg-exposed populations around the world. Pearson's correlation coefficients for data in this study suggest that there is a positive correlation between concentrations of total Hg in hair and concentrations of total Hg in adobe bricks, dirt floors, and surface dust; however, these correlations are not statistically significant. Results of a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified that total Hg concentrations in hair were significantly related to gender (p < 0.001), living in a neighborhood where smelters were previously located (p = 0.021), smoking status (p = 0.003), frequency of house cleaning (p = 0.019), and frequency of fish consumption (p = 0.046). These results highlight the need for further studies to better characterize Hg exposure in Huancavelica, particularly as related to residential contamination. A comprehensive analysis of residential Hg contamination and exposure in Huancavelica will guide the development and implementation of mitigation and remediation strategies in the community to reduce potential health risks from residential Hg exposure. C1 [Hagan, Nicole] Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Robins, Nicholas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hsu-Kim, Heileen] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Halabi, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario] Environm Hlth Council, Huancavelica, Peru. [Ecos, Enrique] Dept Hosp Huancavel, Huancavelica, Peru. [Richter, Daniel] Duke Univ, LSRC, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hagan, N (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, CB 7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM nicoleahagan@gmail.com; narobins@ncsu.edu; hsukim@duke.edu; susan.halabi@duke.edu; espinozaii@hotmail.com; enriqueecos@peru.com; drichter@duke.edu; vandenberg.john@epa.gov RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU Duke Global Health Institute; Oak Ridge Institute Science and Education fellowship at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development; EPA/UNC Toxicology [CR-83515201-0]; Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX This work was supported in part by the Duke Global Health Institute. Nicole Hagan would like to acknowledge support from an Oak Ridge Institute Science and Education fellowship at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development and from the EPA/UNC Toxicology Training Agreement CR-83515201-0, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Special thanks to the residents of Huancavelica who participated in the study, to Isadora Cauchos, Vilma Cauchos, and Elsa Matamoros for their tireless efforts in the field, to Jeff Ryan, Peter Kariher, and Eric Morris for experimental and analytical assistance, and to David Leith, Rose Cory, Jason West, and George Woodall for review of the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank Paul Heine and Barbara MacGregor for coordinating the soil importation and containments as USDA permitted Soil Containment Officers. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-4042 EI 1573-2983 J9 ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH JI Environ. Geochem. Health PD JUN PY 2015 VL 37 IS 3 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1007/s10653-014-9665-9 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources GA CJ2LY UT WOS:000355317500007 PM 25467206 ER PT J AU Brown, DR Clark, BW Garner, LVT Di Giulio, RT AF Brown, Daniel R. Clark, Bryan W. Garner, Lindsey V. T. Di Giulio, Richard T. TI Zebrafish cardiotoxicity: the effects of CYP1A inhibition and AHR2 knockdown following exposure to weak aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; Cardiotoxicity; Zebrafish; Teratogenesis; Cytochrome P450; Morpholino ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HERRING CLUPEA-PALLASI; KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; LIFE-STAGE TOXICITY; DANIO-RERIO EMBRYOS; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; WEATHERED CRUDE-OIL; IN-VITRO; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; TRANSIENT INDUCTION AB The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates many of the toxic effects of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) and some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Strong AHR agonists, such as certain polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), cause severe cardiac teratogenesis in fish embryos. Moderately strong AHR agonists, such as benzo[a]pyrene and beta-naphthoflavone, have been shown to cause similar cardiotoxic effects when coupled with a cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) inhibitor, such as fluoranthene (FL). We sought to determine if weak AHR agonists, when combined with a CYP1A inhibitor (FL) or CYP1A morpholino gene knockdown, are capable of causing cardiac deformities similar to moderately strong AHR agonists (Wassenberg and Di Giulio Environ Health Perspect 112(17):1658-1664, 2004a; Wassenberg and Di Giulio Res 58(2-5):163-168, 2004b; Billiard et al. Toxicol Sci 92(2):526-536, 2006; Van Tiem and Di Giulio Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 254(3):280-287, 2011). The weak AHR agonists included the following: carbaryl, phenanthrene, 2-methylindole, 3-methylindole, indigo, and indirubin. Danio rerio (zebrafish) embryos were first exposed to weak AHR agonists at equimolar concentrations. The agonists were assessed for their relative potency as inducers of CYP1 enzyme activity, measured by the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay, and cardiac deformities. Carbaryl, 2-methylindole, and 3-methylindole induced the highest CYP1A activity in zebrafish. Experiments were then conducted to determine the individual cardiotoxicity of each compound. Next, zebrafish were coexposed to each agonist (at concentrations below those determined to be cardiotoxic) and FL in combination to assess if CYP1A inhibition could induce cardiac deformities. Carbaryl, 2-methylindole, 3-methylindole, and phenanthrene significantly increased pericardial edema relative to controls when combined with FL. To further evaluate the interaction of the weak AHR agonists and CYP1A inhibition, a morpholino was used to knockdown CYP1A expression, and embryos were then exposed to each agonist individually. In embryos exposed to 2-methylindole, CYP1A knockdown caused a similar level of pericardial edema to that caused by exposure to 2-methylindole and FL. The results showed a complex pattern of cardiotoxic response to weak agonist inhibitor exposure and morpholino-knockdown. However, CYP1A knockdown in phenanthrene and 3-methylindole only moderately increased pericardial edema relative to coexposure to FL. AHR2 expression was also knocked down using a morpholino to determine its role in mediating the observed cardiac teratogenesis. Knockdown of AHR2 did not rescue the pericardial edema as previously observed with strong AHR agonists. While some of the cardiotoxicity observed may be attributed to the combination of weak AHR agonism and CYP1A inhibition, other weak AHR agonists appear to be causing cardiotoxicity through an AHR2-independent mechanism. The data show that CYP1A is protective of the cardiac toxicity associated with weak AHR agonists and that knockdown can generate pericardial edema, but these findings are also suggestive of differing mechanisms of cardiac toxicity among known AHR agonists. C1 [Brown, Daniel R.; Clark, Bryan W.; Garner, Lindsey V. T.; Di Giulio, Richard T.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Clark, Bryan W.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02852 USA. [Garner, Lindsey V. T.] Cardno ENTRIX, Portland, OR 97221 USA. RP Brown, DR (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM daniel.r.browndu@gmail.com; bwclark8@gmail.com; lvtgarner@gmail.com; richd@duke.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health [P42-ES-10356]; Duke University Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program [T32-ES-007031] FX We thank summer research students Liting Chen and Kelsey Johnson for their assistance with exposures and screening. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health supported Superfund Research Program (P42-ES-10356) and the Duke University Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program (T32-ES-007031). NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 22 IS 11 BP 8329 EP 8338 DI 10.1007/s11356-014-3969-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI7QX UT WOS:000354960300030 PM 25532870 ER PT J AU Laraia, B Vinikoor-Imler, LC Siega-Riz, AM AF Laraia, Barbara Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C. Siega-Riz, Anna Maria TI Food insecurity during pregnancy leads to stress, disordered eating, and greater postpartum weight among overweight women SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; INDUCED OBESITY; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; HEALTH-STATUS; DIET; SECURITY; RISK; GAIN AB ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of food insecurity on women's stress, disordered eating, dietary fat intake, and weight during the postpartum period. MethodsThe association between marginal food security and food insecuritymeasured during pregnancy and postpartumand stress, disordered eating, dietary fat intake, and weight at 3 and 12 months postpartum was estimated using multivariate linear regression, controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and health behaviors. Effect modification between level of food insecurity and prepregnancy weight status was assessed, hypothesizing a stronger association would be found among women who started pregnancy with overweight or obesity. ResultsFood insecurity status during pregnancy was strongly associated with higher levels of stress, disordered eating, and dietary fat intake at 3 and 12 months postpartum; during the postpartum period, food insecurity was associated with these measures at 12 months postpartum. A significant interaction was found between level of food insecurity and prepregnancy weight status; food insecurity was associated with greater weight and BMI at 12 months only among women with overweight or obesity. ConclusionsIn order to return to one's prepregnancy weight, women with overweight and obesity who face household food insecurity may need multipronged assistance that not only addresses having enough high-quality food, but also include stress reduction and eating behavior interventions. C1 [Laraia, Barbara] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Siega-Riz, Anna Maria] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Nutr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Laraia, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blaraia@berkeley.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [43-3AEM-0-80086]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health [HD37584]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease [DK61981]; National Institutes of Health, General Clinical Research Centers program of the Division of Research [RR00046] FX This study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture grant 43-3AEM-0-80086, titled "Effects of Food Security on Pregnancy Outcomes"; HD37584 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health; DK61981 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease; RR00046 from the National Institutes of Health, General Clinical Research Centers program of the Division of Research. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUN PY 2015 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1311 DI 10.1002/oby.21075 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CJ0FG UT WOS:000355150300024 PM 25959858 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Derner, JD Jackson, RB Gill, RA Procter, AC Fay, PA AF Polley, H. Wayne Derner, Justin D. Jackson, Robert B. Gill, Richard A. Procter, Andrew C. Fay, Philip A. TI Plant community change mediates the response of foliar delta N-15 to CO2 enrichment in mesic grasslands SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Isotope; Plant productivity; Soil carbon; Soil type; Tallgrass prairie ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; ELEVATED CO2; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; PRODUCTIVITY; SUBAMBIENT; VEGETATION AB Rising atmospheric CO2 concentration may change the isotopic signature of plant N by altering plant and microbial processes involved in the N cycle. CO2 may increase leaf delta N-15 by increasing plant community productivity, C input to soil, and, ultimately, microbial mineralization of old, N-15-enriched organic matter. We predicted that CO2 would increase aboveground productivity (ANPP; g biomass m(-2)) and foliar delta N-15 values of two grassland communities in Texas, USA: (1) a pasture dominated by a C-4 exotic grass, and (2) assemblages of tallgrass prairie species, the latter grown on clay, sandy loam, and silty clay soils. Grasslands were exposed in separate experiments to a pre-industrial to elevated CO2 gradient for 4 years. CO2 stimulated ANPP of pasture and of prairie assemblages on each of the three soils, but increased leaf delta N-15 only for prairie plants on a silty clay. delta N-15 increased linearly as mineral-associated soil C declined on the silty clay. Mineral-associated C declined as ANPP increased. Structural equation modeling indicted that CO2 increased ANPP partly by favoring a tallgrass (Sorghastrum nutans) over a mid-grass species (Bouteloua curtipendula). CO2 may have increased foliar delta N-15 on the silty clay by reducing fractionation during N uptake and assimilation. However, we interpret the soil-specific, delta N-15-CO2 response as resulting from increased ANPP that stimulated mineralization from recalcitrant organic matter. By contrast, CO2 favored a forb species (Solanum dimidiatum) with higher delta N-15 than the dominant grass (Bothriochloa ischaemum) in pasture. CO2 enrichment changed grassland delta N-15 by shifting species relative abundances. C1 [Polley, H. Wayne; Fay, Philip A.] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Derner, Justin D.] ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, USDA, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gill, Richard A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Procter, Andrew C.] US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [ER64242] FX Chris Kolodziejczyk operated CO2 chambers. Field and laboratory assistance from Anne Gibson, Katherine Jones, Chris Kolodziejczyk, Alicia Naranjo, Kyle Tiner, and numerous students was invaluable. Joseph Craine and Kevin Mueller provided insightful suggestions that improved the manuscript. R.J. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy (Program in Ecosystem Research #ER64242). Mention of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2015 VL 178 IS 2 BP 591 EP 601 DI 10.1007/s00442-015-3221-x PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI6VF UT WOS:000354900700025 PM 25604918 ER PT J AU Mushet, DM Calhoun, AJK Alexander, LC Cohen, MJ DeKeyser, ES Fowler, L Lane, CR Lang, MW Rains, MC Walls, SC AF Mushet, David M. Calhoun, Aram J. K. Alexander, Laurie C. Cohen, Matthew J. DeKeyser, Edward S. Fowler, Laurie Lane, Charles R. Lang, Megan W. Rains, Mark C. Walls, Susan C. TI Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Rethinking a Misnomer SO WETLANDS LA English DT Review DE Adjacency; Connectivity gradients; Hydrogeomorphic classification; HGM; Rapanos; SWANCC; Wetland classification; Wetland connectivity ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE WETLANDS; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-DAKOTA; GULF-COAST; CLASSIFICATION; CONNECTIVITY; WATER; COMPLEX; PERSPECTIVE; LANDSCAPE AB We explore the category "geographically isolated wetlands" (GIWs; i.e., wetlands completely surrounded by uplands at the local scale) as used in the wetland sciences. As currently used, the GIW category (1) hampers scientific efforts by obscuring important hydrological and ecological differences among multiple wetland functional types, (2) aggregates wetlands in a manner not reflective of regulatory and management information needs, (3) implies wetlands so described are in some way "isolated," an often incorrect implication, (4) is inconsistent with more broadly used and accepted concepts of "geographic isolation," and (5) has injected unnecessary confusion into scientific investigations and discussions. Instead, we suggest other wetland classification systems offer more informative alternatives. For example, hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classes based on well-established scientific definitions account for wetland functional diversity thereby facilitating explorations into questions of connectivity without an a priori designation of "isolation." Additionally, an HGM-type approach could be used in combination with terms reflective of current regulatory or policymaking needs. For those rare cases in which the condition of being surrounded by uplands is the relevant distinguishing characteristic, use of terminology that does not unnecessarily imply isolation (e.g., "upland embedded wetlands") would help alleviate much confusion caused by the "geographically isolated wetlands" misnomer. C1 [Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Calhoun, Aram J. K.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Alexander, Laurie C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Cohen, Matthew J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [DeKeyser, Edward S.] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Fowler, Laurie] Univ Georgia, Sch Law, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lane, Charles R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lang, Megan W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rains, Mark C.] Univ S Florida, Sch Geosci, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Walls, Susan C.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. RP Mushet, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM dmushet@usgs.gov OI Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155 NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 BP 423 EP 431 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0631-9 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CJ2WU UT WOS:000355346200001 ER PT J AU Lane, CR Autrey, BC Jicha, T Lehto, L Elonen, C Seifert-Monson, L AF Lane, Charles R. Autrey, B. C. Jicha, T. Lehto, L. Elonen, C. Seifert-Monson, L. TI Denitrification Potential in Geographically Isolated Wetlands of North Carolina and Florida, USA SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Conditional inference tree; Palustrine emergent marsh; Palustrine forested wetland; Reactive nitrogen ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-CARBON; LAND-USE; NUTRIENT RETENTION; HEADWATER STREAMS; REACTIVE NITROGEN; GULF-COAST; LANDSCAPE; CONNECTIVITY AB Denitrification dynamics in "geographically isolated wetlands" (GIWs) may provide a link between GIWs and aquatic systems by converting N to other end products (e.g., N-2, N2O, etc.), protecting downstream waters from excessive N. We compared GIW ambient and amended denitrification rates and soil/water covariate relationships in areas of two ecoregions. The average unamended denitrification rate was 6.89 +/- 5.02 (range: 1.67-18.91) mu g N kg DW-1 (dry weight) hr(-1), and no ecoregional differences were found. Areal calculations were 0.010-0.356 g N m(-2) day(-1). Carbon amended denitrification samples decreased -18 %, while samples amended with N or N + C averaged 2730-3675 % above background levels; N + C rates were tested and did not differ between ecoregions. DW denitrification rates were correlated with soil covariates NH4, %N, and %C while ash-free DW samples were also correlated with soil TP and water TN. A tree-based classification grouped GIWs based on soil NH4 values, though the results were not conclusive. The findings suggest that GIWs embedded in areas with substantial loadings of N and P and ample C (e.g., agricultural land uses) may limit exposure of other waters to N pollution. C1 [Lane, Charles R.; Autrey, B. C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jicha, T.; Lehto, L.; Elonen, C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Ecol Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. [Seifert-Monson, L.] Univ Minnesota, Integrated Biosci Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Lane, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Lane.Charles@epa.gov NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 BP 459 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0633-7 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CJ2WU UT WOS:000355346200004 ER PT J AU Heavner, K Gross-Davis, CA Frank, AL Newschaffer, C Klotz, J Burstyn, I AF Heavner, Karyn Gross-Davis, Carol Ann Frank, Arthur L. Newschaffer, Craig Klotz, Judith Burstyn, Igor TI Working environment and myeloproliferative neoplasm: A population-based case-control study following a cluster investigation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE myeloproliferative neoplasms; polycythemia vera; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; job-exposure matrix; occupational exposure ID POLYCYTHEMIA-VERA; MORTALITY; CANCER; RISK; EXPOSURE; UPDATE; COHORT AB BackgroundOccupational exposures, including those to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), are suspected risk factors for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). MethodsWe investigated occupational exposures and MPN risk (54 cases and 472 controls) in a population-based case-control study in three rural Pennsylvania counties. Occupational histories, coded to SIC/SOC 1980, were linked to a previously created PAH job-exposure matrix. Odds ratios for industry (17 categories), occupation (26 categories), and PAH exposure were adjusted using logistic regression. ResultsNo industries or occupations were strongly or consistently associated with increased MPN risk. Analysis of employment duration found that being employed for 5 or more years in transportation, communications, and other public utilities was associated with MPN risk. There was no indication of an association with cumulative PAH exposure. ConclusionsThese few associations did not appear to have a common exposure. This exploratory study does not support the hypothesis that occupational exposure, including PAH, are strong risk factors for MPNs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:595-604, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Heavner, Karyn; Gross-Davis, Carol Ann; Frank, Arthur L.; Klotz, Judith; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gross-Davis, Carol Ann] US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Newschaffer, Craig; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Autism Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Newschaffer, Craig; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Heavner, K (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Nesbit Hall,3215 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM karynkh@aol.com FU Earmark CDC Research [1R01EH000640-01] FX Contract grant sponsor: Cooperative Agreement/Earmark CDC Research; Contract grant number: 1R01EH000640-01. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 58 IS 6 BP 595 EP 604 DI 10.1002/ajim.22451 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CI0TH UT WOS:000354450400002 PM 25880722 ER PT J AU Kelly, JT Baker, KR Napelenok, SL Roselle, SJ AF Kelly, James T. Baker, Kirk R. Napelenok, Sergey L. Roselle, Shawn J. TI Examining single-source secondary impacts estimated from brute-force, decoupled direct method, and advanced plume treatment approaches SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Single source impacts; Plume in grid; Decoupled direct method; California; PM2.5 ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; IN-GRID MODEL; DIRECT SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; PARTICULATE MATTER; PHOTOCHEMICAL MODEL; POWER-PLANT; HIGH-ORDER; CALIFORNIA; EMISSIONS AB In regulatory assessments, there is a need for reliable estimates of the impacts of precursor emissions from individual sources on secondary PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns) and ozone. Three potential methods for estimating these impacts using Eulerian grid photochemical models are the brute-force (B-F) method, the decoupled direct method (DDM), and advanced plume treatment (APT). Here, we systematically inter-compare and assess the B-F, DDM, and APT approaches using hypothetical source in a consistent modeling platform for a wide range of source conditions (i.e., emissions amount and composition, location within two California air basins, and stack parameters). The impacts of NOx and VOC sources on ozone and SO2 sources on PM2.5 sulfate calculated by these methods are in general agreement. The agreement is evident in the similar magnitudes, spatial patterns, and strong correlations among the impacts. This result, along with previous model evaluations based on similar Eulerian grid modeling, builds confidence in the reliability of the impact estimates. Disagreement among methods is evident in calculations of PM2.5 nitrate impacts associated with NH3 and NOx sources. Numerical instabilities in DDM sensitivity calculations compromise the nitrate impact estimates from that approach. The B-F and APT methods, which use brute-force differencing to identify impacts, are affected by numerical artifacts to a lesser degree than (H)DDM, with the artifacts being more prominent for APT than B-F. Overall, our results indicate that the (H)DDM, B-F, and APT approaches are viable for use in estimating single-source impacts for ozone and secondary PM2.5 sulfate, while the B-F method appears to be the most reliable for estimating nitrate impacts. There is a need for additional field study measurements to better constrain model estimates of single-source secondary impacts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kelly, James T.; Baker, Kirk R.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Napelenok, Sergey L.; Roselle, Shawn J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kelly, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Air Qual Modeling Grp, Air Qual Assessment Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand,Off Air & Radiat, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop C439-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kelly.james@epa.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010 OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714 NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 111 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.004 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI8MJ UT WOS:000355026100002 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK Tabor, D AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. Tabor, Dennis TI Emissions from southeastern US Grasslands and pine savannas: Comparison of aerial and ground field measurements with laboratory burns SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Black carbon; PAH; Brown carbon; PCDD; VOCs; PM2.5; Grasslands; Pine savannas ID BLACK CARBON; ELEMENTAL CARBON; BROWN CARBON; TRACE GASES; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; BIOMASS; AIRBORNE; FOREST; FIRES AB Emissions from prescribed burns of a managed longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forest and grass/savanna fields in western Florida were measured by simultaneous aerial and ground sampling. Results were compared with measurements made in an open burn laboratory test facility using biomass gathered from the same stands. Measurements included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The flaming phase (high modified combustion efficiency) was characterized by high levels of BC and BrC yet low levels of VOCs. In general, ground-based measurements of PM2.5, BC, and BrC reported marginally higher emission factors than those measured in the plume by aerostat (balloon)-lofted instruments. The optically-determined BC emission factor was approximately ten times higher than many previously reported results. Simultaneous BC and EC measurements showed that EC values were, on average, 42% lower than the BC values, lending uncertainty to the common use of EC measurements as a BC surrogate. PAH emission factors were indistinguishable across the sampling scenarios, while PCDDs/PCDFs saw a significant decline in the laboratory testing. Limited distinctions in particle-related emissions between aerial and ground measurements suggest sampling bias between these methods. Emission factor distinctions between laboratory burn simulations and field tests appear primarily related to lower combustion efficiencies in the latter, perhaps due to higher biomass moisture or surface wetness. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Aurell, Johanna; Gullett, Brian K.; Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Aurell.johanna@epa.gov; gullett.brian@epa.gov; tabor.dennis@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development FX This work was funded by the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development. We are grateful to Roger Ottmar, U.S. Forest Service, for his professional coordination and helpful assistance. Special thanks to Kevin Hiers and Brett Williams at Eglin Air Force Base (FL) for coordinating the on-site effort. Contributing EPA personnel included Chris Pressley, Dennis Tabor, and Robert Black (ORISE post-doctoral fellow). Aerostat operations were handled by Rob Gribble (ISSI, Inc.). Special thanks to Mike Hayes for EC/OC/TC analyses. Jeff Blair of AethLabs donated use of the AE-52. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA/NRMRL. This publication has been subjected to the U.S. EPA's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as a U.S. EPA document. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 111 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.03.001 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI8MJ UT WOS:000355026100017 ER PT J AU Pierson, JC Beissinger, SR Bragg, JG Coates, DJ Oostermeijer, JGB Sunnucks, P Schumaker, NH Trotter, MV Young, AG AF Pierson, Jennifer C. Beissinger, Steven R. Bragg, Jason G. Coates, David J. Oostermeijer, J. Gerard B. Sunnucks, Paul Schumaker, Nathan H. Trotter, Meredith V. Young, Andrew G. TI Incorporating evolutionary processes into population viability models SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; eco-evolutionary dynamics; extinction risk; genomics; inbreeding; individual-based model; outbreeding; population viability analysis; PVA; adaptacion; analisis de viabilidad poblacional; AVP; dinamicas eco-evolutivas; endogamia; exogamia; genomica; modelo con base en individuos; riesgo de extincion ID INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS; VIABLE POPULATIONS; GENETIC-VARIATION; WILD POPULATIONS; EXTINCTION RISK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PERSISTENCE; ADAPTATION AB We examined how ecological and evolutionary (eco-evo) processes in population dynamics could be better integrated into population viability analysis (PVA). Complementary advances in computation and population genomics can be combined into an eco-evo PVA to offer powerful new approaches to understand the influence of evolutionary processes on population persistence. We developed the mechanistic basis of an eco-evo PVA using individual-based models with individual-level genotype tracking and dynamic genotype-phenotype mapping to model emergent population-level effects, such as local adaptation and genetic rescue. We then outline how genomics can allow or improve parameter estimation for PVA models by providing genotypic information at large numbers of loci for neutral and functional genome regions. As climate change and other threatening processes increase in rate and scale, eco-evo PVAs will become essential research tools to evaluate the effects of adaptive potential, evolutionary rescue, and locally adapted traits on persistence. Incorporacion de Procesos Evolutivos en Modelos de Viabilidad de Poblacion Pierson et al. Examinamos como los procesos ecologicos y evolutivos (eco-evo) en la dinamica de poblaciones podrian incorporarse mejor al analisis de viabilidad poblacional (AVP). Los avances complementarios en la computacion y la genomica de poblaciones pueden combinarse en un AVP eco-evo para brindar estrategias nuevas y poderosas para entender la influencia de los procesos evolutivos sobre la influencia la persistencia poblacional. Desarrollamos la base mecanica de un AVP eco-evo usando modelos con base en individuos junto con rastreo de genotipo a nivel de individuo y mapeo dinamico de genotipo y fenotipo para modelar los efectos emergentes a nivel poblacional, como la adaptacion local y el rescate genetico. Despues delineamos como la genomica puede permitir o mejorar la estimacion de parametros para modelos de AVP eco-evo al proporcionar informacion genotipica en grandes numeros de loci para regiones genomicas neutrales y funcionales. Conforme incrementan en tasa y escala el cambio climatico y otros procesos amenazantes, los AVP eco-evo se volveran herramientas esenciales de investigacion para evaluar los efectos del potencial adaptativo, el rescate evolutivo y las caracteristicas de persistencia adaptadas localmente. Resumen C1 [Pierson, Jennifer C.; Young, Andrew G.] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Beissinger, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beissinger, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bragg, Jason G.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Coates, David J.] Bentley Delivery Ctr, Dept Pk & Wildlife, Plant Sci & Herbarium Program, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia. [Oostermeijer, J. Gerard B.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sunnucks, Paul] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Trotter, Meredith V.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Pierson, JC (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM jennifer.pierson@anu.edu.au RI Bragg, Jason/R-5611-2016; OI Bragg, Jason/0000-0002-7621-7295; Sunnucks, Paul/0000-0002-8139-7059 FU Australian Centre for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (ACEAS); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This work was supported by funding from the Australian Centre for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (ACEAS). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) funded N.H.S. and approved this paper for publication. Approval does not imply the content reflects the views of EPA. The manuscript benefitted from comments by V. Grimm, P. Palsboll, and 2 anonymous reviewers. NR 84 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 60 U2 209 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 29 IS 3 BP 755 EP 764 DI 10.1111/cobi.12431 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI1CD UT WOS:000354477300016 PM 25494697 ER PT J AU Lietz, JE Kelly, JR Scharold, JV Yurista, PM AF Lietz, Julie E. Kelly, John R. Scharold, Jill V. Yurista, Peder M. TI Can a Rapid Underwater Video Approach Enhance the Benthic Assessment Capability of the National Coastal Condition Assessment in the Great Lakes? SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Underwater video; National coastal condition assessment; Benthic condition; Dreissenid mussels; PONAR ID ZEBRA MUSSELS; ERIE; NEARSHORE; ONTARIO; PHYTOPLANKTON; INDICATORS; RESOURCES; BASIN AB Over 400 sites were sampled in the nearshore of the U.S. Great Lakes during the U.S. National Coastal Condition Assessment (NCCA) field survey in summer 2010. Underwater video images were recorded in addition to routine NCCA benthic assessment measures. This paper has two objectives: (1) to develop a process to evaluate video performance with acceptance criteria, exploring reasons for poor images, and (2) to use acceptable videos in an example application with invasive mussels, evaluating the enhancement potential of video to supplement traditional grab sampling. A standard hierarchical protocol was developed to rank video performance based on quality and clarity. We determined controllable and uncontrollable factors affecting video performance. Moreover, specific thresholds limiting video were identified: > 0.5/m for light extinction and > 3.5 A mu g/L for chlorophyll a concentration. To demonstrate the utility and enhancement potential of video sampling, observed dreissenid presence from excellent (221 of 362 videos) videos was compared with NCCA benthic taxonomy, in the context of the statistically based NCCA survey. Including video increased the overall area estimate of the U.S. Great Lakes nearshore with invasive mussels by about 15 % compared to PONAR alone; 44 % (7570 km(2)) of the surveyed region had mussels. The proportion of the nearshore area having mussels varied from low (3.5 %) in Lake Superior to > 50 % in the lower lakes. PONAR and video have unique strengths and weaknesses as sampling tools in the Great Lakes nearshore environment, but when paired were complimentary and thus provided a more thorough benthic condition assessment at lake and regional scales. C1 [Lietz, Julie E.; Kelly, John R.; Scharold, Jill V.; Yurista, Peder M.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Lietz, Julie E.] ORISE Participant, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Lietz, JE (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM lietz.julie@epa.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; EPA; DOE [IA 92298301] FX We thank scientists at the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development-specifically, Will Bartsch (ORISE Participant) and Tim Corry at the Mid-Continent Ecology Division (Duluth), Tony Olsen and Tom Kincaid at the Western Ecology Division (Corvallis), and John Kiddon at the Atlantic Ecology Division (Narragansett)-for support on various aspects of the frame development, survey design, field pilot survey and camera testing, and crew training. Many of these folks generously offered assistance with some aspect of data management and analysis, including statistical summaries/analysis of this initial NCCA for the Great Lakes. John Kiddon performed the Kd calculations for the Great Lakes data presented here. John McCauley at the Gulf Ecology Division (Gulf Breeze, FL) Greg Collianni (OW), and Tony Olsen were critical, helping to motivate and include the NCCA-Great Lakes effort. We thank EPA's Office of Water (OW), specifically Greg Collianni, Sarah Lehmann, Treda Grayson, and Hugh Sullivan, as well as their OW Contractors, and numerous staff from the Great Lakes States who coordinated and/or conducted the extensive field sampling in 2010, including collection of the video images. Contractors to OW completed the taxonomic analyses and water quality analyses we used for comparison with video results. Mari Nord at EPA Region 5 has been a great liaison between ORD research efforts and the collection/use of the data by Great Lakes States in Regions 2, 3, and 5. Paul Horvatin, Paul Bertram, Glenn Warren, and Beth Hinchey Malloy at the Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO)/Region 5 were instrumental in helping to develop and maintain the relationship between ORD, the Regions, OW and the States as a strong partnership to adopt the NCCA approach in surveying the Great Lakes nearshore; they also were key in securing Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding to make possible the Great Lakes 2010 enhancements, including the underwater video tool evaluated here. Beth kindly offered review comments of a draft of the manuscript. Julie (Barker) Lietz was an ORISE participant at EPA, during which she conducted the video analysis and developed the standard processing/rating protocols presented in this study. This work was supported in part by an appointment to the ORISE participant research program supported by an interagency agreement between EPA and DOE (IA 92298301); the views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 55 IS 6 BP 1446 EP 1456 DI 10.1007/s00267-015-0475-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI4ON UT WOS:000354730700019 PM 25832344 ER PT J AU Ceriani, L Papa, E Kovarich, S Boethling, R Gramatica, P AF Ceriani, Lidia Papa, Ester Kovarich, Simona Boethling, Robert Gramatica, Paola TI Modeling ready biodegradability of fragrance materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE QSAR; Fragrances; Biodegradation; Classification; BIOWIN ID AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; CONSENSUS; PREDICTION; VALIDATION AB In the present study, quantitative structure activity relationships were developed for predicting ready biodegradability of approximately 200 heterogeneous fragrance materials. Two classification methods, classification and regression tree (CART) and k-nearest neighbors (kNN), were applied to perform the modeling. The models were validated with multiple external prediction sets, and the structural applicability domain was verified by the leverage approach. The best models had good sensitivity (internal 80%; external 68%), specificity (internal 80%; external 73%), and overall accuracy (75%). Results from the comparison with BIOWIN global models, based on group contribution method, show that specific models developed in the present study perform better in prediction than BIOWIN6, in particular for the correct classification of not readily biodegradable fragrance materials. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1224-1231. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Ceriani, Lidia; Papa, Ester; Kovarich, Simona; Gramatica, Paola] Univ Insubria, Dept Theoret & Appl Sci, QSAR Res Grp Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Varese, Italy. [Papa, Ester] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab ITODYS, Paris, France. [Boethling, Robert] US EPA, Exposure Assessment Branch, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Papa, E (reprint author), Univ Insubria, Dept Theoret & Appl Sci, QSAR Res Grp Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Varese, Italy. EM ester.papa@uninsubria.it; Robert_Boeth-ling@abtassoc.com OI PAPA, ESTER/0000-0002-0041-556X; Gramatica, Paola/0000-0002-6364-6138 FU European Union through the project CADASTER [FP7-ENV-2007-1-212668] FX We are grateful to D.T. Salvito (Research Institute for Fragrance Materials), and M. Kos Durjava (Public Health Institute Maribor) for providing us the experimental data related to the external validation set of 45 fragrance materials. This work was financially supported by the European Union through the project CADASTER (FP7-ENV-2007-1-212668). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1224 EP 1231 DI 10.1002/etc.2926 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CJ0FY UT WOS:000355152400004 PM 25663647 ER PT J AU Meier, JR Lazorchak, JM Mills, M Wernsing, P Baumann, PC AF Meier, John R. Lazorchak, James M. Mills, Marc Wernsing, Paul Baumann, Paul C. TI Monitoring exposure of brown bullheads and benthic macroinvertebrates to sediment contaminants in the Ashtabula river before, during, and after remediation SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Polychlorinated biphenyl; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Genotoxicity; Sediment chemistry; Sediment remediation ID AMEIURUS-NEBULOSUS; COMET ASSAY; DNA-DAMAGE; TUMORS; FISH; BIOMARKERS; OHIO; BAY AB In 2007, approximately 420500 cubic meters of contaminated sediment were removed from the Ashtabula River by dredging. The primary objective of the present study was to monitor contaminant exposure in fish and macroinvertebrates before, during, and after dredging. This was done by measuring tissue concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in brown bullhead catfish (Ameriurus nebulosa) and in benthic macroinvertebrates, assessing changes in DNA damage in fish liver and blood, and scoring external and histopathological lesions and anomalies in the fish. In surficial sediment PCBs and PAHs were also quantified in conjunction with the biological sampling. The results show a significant reduction in contaminant levels in both fish and macroinvertebrates following dredging, indicating the effectiveness of the remediation in reducing exposure of biota to the primary contaminants of concern. Similarly, DNA damage levels in fish collected from the Ashtabula River significantly declined following dredging; however, a similar reduction in DNA damage over time was seen in fish collected from a reference site (Conneaut Creek), making interpretation difficult. Macroinvertebrate PCB concentrations were reflective of the sediment concentrations in the areas where Hester-Dendy samplers were deployed for macroinvertebrate collection. The present study demonstrates that these methods can be used to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of remediation techniques at contaminated sediment sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1267-1276. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Meier, John R.] US EPA, Natl Council Aging, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.; Mills, Marc; Wernsing, Paul] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Baumann, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017; OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The research reported in this document was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. This manuscript has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Battelle Memorial Institute (Columbus, OH) assisted in the collection and retrieval of Hester-Dendy samplers and surficial sediment samples. Chemical analyses were performed by Battelle Memorial Institute (Duxbury, MA). Statistical analyses were performed by S. Fitchett of Neptune. The authors thank A. Biales for his review and comments on the manuscript. The authors acknowledge the technical review and editing provided by J. Rhodus, CSS-Dynamac. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1267 EP 1276 DI 10.1002/etc.2877 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CJ0FY UT WOS:000355152400009 PM 25565098 ER PT J AU Lazorchak, JM Griffith, MB Mills, M Schubauer-Berigan, J McCormick, F Brenner, R Zeller, C AF Lazorchak, James M. Griffith, Michael B. Mills, Marc Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph McCormick, Frank Brenner, Richard Zeller, Craig TI Proof of concept for the use of macroinvertebrates as indicators of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) contamination in Lake Hartwell SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Monitored natural recovery; Body burden; Macroinvertebrates; Polychlorinated biphenyls remediation; Contaminated sediments AB The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) develops methods and tools for evaluating risk management strategies for sediments contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other legacy pollutants. Monitored natural recovery is a risk management alternative that relies on existing physical, chemical, and biological processes to contain, destroy, and/or reduce the bioavailability or toxicity of in-place contaminants. These naturally occurring processes are monitored to ensure that management and recovery are progressing as expected. One approach frequently used to evaluate the recovery of contaminated sediments and associated biota is the assessment of contaminant tissue levels, or body burden concentrations, in top trophic level fish. In the present study, aquatic invertebrates were examined as an indicator of recent exposure to PCBs. The approach aimed to determine whether invertebrates collected using artificial substrates (i.e., Hester-Dendy samplers) could be used to discriminate among contaminated sites through the analyses of PCBs in whole homogenates of macroinvertebrates. Macroinvertebrates were sorted, preserved, and analyzed for total PCBs (t-PCBs), by summing 107 PCB congeners. Macroinvertebrate body burden concentrations showed similar trends to sediment t-PCB concentrations at the sites sampled. The results indicate that macroinvertebrates can be used to assess sediment contamination among sites that have different PCB contamination levels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1277-1282. Published 2015 SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. C1 [Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Griffith, Michael B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mills, Marc; Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph; Brenner, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McCormick, Frank] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Zeller, Craig] US EPA, Reg Super Fund Div 4, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017; OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The present study was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The authors acknowledge the technical review and editing provided by J. Rhodus, CSS-Dynamac. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1277 EP 1282 DI 10.1002/etc.2918 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CJ0FY UT WOS:000355152400010 PM 25663426 ER PT J AU Nichols, JW Du, BW Berninger, JP Connors, KA Chambliss, CK Erickson, RJ Hoffman, AD Brooks, BW AF Nichols, John W. Du, Bowen Berninger, Jason P. Connors, Kristin A. Chambliss, C. Kevin Erickson, Russell J. Hoffman, Alex D. Brooks, Bryan W. TI Observed and modeled effects of pH on bioconcentration of diphenhydramine, a weakly basic pharmaceutical, in fathead minnows SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Diphenhydramine; Fathead minnows; Bioconcentration; Ionizable organic chemicals; Pharmaceuticals ID IONIZABLE ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; RAINBOW-TROUT; CYPRINUS-CARPIO; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FISH GILLS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS AB A need exists to better understand the influence of pH on the uptake and accumulation of ionizable pharmaceuticals in fish. In the present study, fathead minnows were exposed to diphenhydramine (DPH; disassociation constant=9.1) in water for up to 96h at 3 nominal pH levels: 6.7, 7.7, and 8.7. In each case, an apparent steady state was reached by 24h, allowing for direct determination of the bioconcentration factor (BCF), blood-water partitioning (P-BW,P-TOT), and apparent volume of distribution (approximated from the whole-body-plasma concentration ratio). The BCFs and measured P-BW,P-TOT values increased in a nonlinear manner with pH, whereas the volume of distribution remained constant, averaging 3.0 L/kg. The data were then simulated using a model that accounts for acidification of the gill surface caused by elimination of metabolically produced acid. Good agreement between model simulations and measured data was obtained for all tests by assuming that plasma binding of ionized DPH is 16% that of the neutral form. A simpler model, which ignores elimination of metabolically produced acid, performed less well. These findings suggest that pH effects on accumulation of ionizable compounds in fish are best described using a model that accounts for acidification of the gill surface. Moreover, measured plasma binding and volume of distribution data for humans, determined during drug development, may have considerable value for predicting chemical binding behavior in fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1425-1435. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Nichols, John W.; Erickson, Russell J.; Hoffman, Alex D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Du, Bowen; Berninger, Jason P.; Connors, Kristin A.; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Du, Bowen; Berninger, Jason P.; Connors, Kristin A.; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Du, Bowen; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Ecol Earth & Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Berninger, Jason P.; Connors, Kristin A.; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Chambliss, C. Kevin] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM nichols.john@epa.gov RI Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; Berninger, Jason/O-2401-2016; OI Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; Berninger, Jason/0000-0003-3045-7899; Connors, Kristin/0000-0002-4887-8408; Chambliss, Kevin/0000-0003-3888-6890 NR 83 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1425 EP 1435 DI 10.1002/etc.2948 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CJ0FY UT WOS:000355152400026 PM 25920411 ER PT J AU Bullock, OR Alapaty, K Herwehe, JA Kain, JS AF Bullock, O. Russell, Jr. Alapaty, Kiran Herwehe, Jerold A. Kain, John S. TI A Dynamically Computed Convective Time Scale for the Kain-Fritsch Convective Parameterization Scheme SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION; CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; RAINFALL; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; WRF; KUO AB Many convective parameterization schemes define a convective adjustment time scale tau as the time allowed for dissipation of convective available potential energy (CAPE). The Kain-Fritsch scheme defines tau based on an estimate of the advective time period for deep convective clouds within a grid cell, with limits of 1800 and 3600 s, based on practical cloud-lifetime considerations. In simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model using 12-km grid spacing, the value of tau often defaults to the lower limit, resulting in relatively rapid thermodynamics adjustments and high precipitation rates. Herein, a new computation for tau in the Kain-Fritsch scheme is implemented based on the depth of the buoyant layer and the convective velocity scale. This new tau formulation is applied using 12- and 36-km model grid spacing in conjunction with a previous modification that takes into account the radiation effects of parameterized convective clouds. The dynamically computed convective adjustment time scale is shown to reduce the precipitation bias by approximately 15% while also providing improved simulations of inland rainfall from tropical storms. C1 [Bullock, O. Russell, Jr.; Alapaty, Kiran; Herwehe, Jerold A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kain, John S.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. RP Bullock, OR (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bullock.russell@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development; National Science Foundation FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. The WRF Model is made available by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, funded by the National Science Foundation. We thank Robert Gilliam at the U.S. EPA for his assistance with the AMET system for evaluation of modeling results. We also thank Megan Mallard, Christopher Nolte, and Tanya Spero at the U.S. EPA for their comments and suggestions for the improvement of this work. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 143 IS 6 BP 2105 EP 2120 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00251.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ0TL UT WOS:000355190900008 ER PT J AU Jennings, K Matthiessen, C AF Jennings, Kim Matthiessen, Craig TI Update: EPA actionschemical safety and security Executive Order SO PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE chemical safety; security; process safety management; risk management AB On August 1, 2013, the President signed Executive Order (EO) 13650 designed to improve the safety and security of chemical facilities and reduce the risks of hazardous chemicals to workers and communities. The Improving Chemical Facility Safety and Security EO, triggered by incidents such as the devastating explosion at a fertilizer plant in West, Texas in April, 2013, directed the Federal Government to: Improve operational coordination with state and local partners; Enhance Federal agency coordination and information sharing; Modernize policies, regulations, and standards; and the NOGEL > a statistical lower bound on the BPD. A companion report discusses the use of these metrics in genotoxicity risk assessment, including scaling and uncertainty factors to be considered when extrapolating below the PoD and/or across test systems and to the human. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [MacGregor, James T.] Toxicol Consulting Serv, Bonita Springs, FL 14620 USA. [Froetschl, Roland] Bundesinst Arzneimittel & Medizinprod, Bonn, Germany. [White, Paul A.] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Eastmond, David A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Fukushima, Shoji] Japan Bioassay Res Ctr, Hadano, Kanagawa, Japan. [Guerard, Melanie] F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [Hayashi, Makoto] Biosafety Res Ctr Foods Drugs & Pesticides, Shizuoka, Japan. [Soeteman-Hernandez, Lya G.] RIVM Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Kasamatsu, Toshio] Kao Corp, Haga Gun, Tochigi, Japan. [Levy, Dan D.] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Morita, Takeshi] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Mueller, Lutz] Hoffmann La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Schuler, Maik J.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Thybaud, Veronique] Sanofi Rech, Vitry Sur Seine, France. [Johnson, George E.] Swansea Univ, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. RP MacGregor, JT (reprint author), Toxicol Consulting Serv, Bonita Springs, FL 14620 USA. EM jtmacgregor@earthlink.net; paul.white@hc-sc.gc.ca OI white, paul/0000-0001-5853-4759; Johnson, George/0000-0001-5643-9942 FU National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) [NC/K500033/1]; Health Canada under the Chemicals Management Plan Research Fund FX We acknowledge support from the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, contract number NC/K500033/1) for Dr. Johnson. Funding for the development of the G4 genetic toxicity dose-response database described by Gollapudi et al. [29] and Johnson et al. [30] and of R-based procedures for derivation of genetic toxicology PoDs (i.e., drsmooth), and for support of open access of this publication, was provided by Health Canada under the Chemicals Management Plan Research Fund. We thank the ILSI/HESI Quantitative Working Group for sharing data and analyses collected and employed by that Working Group, and note that their analyses were a critical component of our deliberations. NR 64 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 EI 1879-3592 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 783 SI SI BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.09.011 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CJ2YX UT WOS:000355351700007 PM 25953400 ER PT J AU MacGregor, JT Frotschl, R White, PA Crump, KS Eastmond, DA Fukushima, S Guerard, M Hayashi, M Soeteman-Hernandez, LG Johnson, GE Kasamatsu, T Levy, DD Morita, T Muller, L Schoeny, R Schuler, MJ Thybaud, V AF MacGregor, James T. Froetschl, Roland White, Paul A. Crump, Kenny S. Eastmond, David A. Fukushima, Shoji Guerard, Melanie Hayashi, Makoto Soeteman-Hernandez, Lya G. Johnson, George E. Kasamatsu, Toshio Levy, Dan D. Morita, Takeshi Mueller, Lutz Schoeny, Rita Schuler, Maik J. Thybaud, Veronique TI IWGT report on quantitative approaches to genotoxicity risk assessment II. Use of point-of-departure (PoD) metrics in defining acceptable exposure limits and assessing human risk SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT) CY OCT 31-NOV 01, 2013 CL Foz do Iguacu, BRAZIL DE Genotoxic risk assessment; Point of departure; Benchmark dose; Breakpoint dose; Extrapolation; Low-dose risk ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; SALMONELLA-MICROSOME TEST; GENETIC TOXICITY ASSAYS; DNA ADDUCT DATA; IN-VITRO; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; RODENT CARCINOGENICITY; 21ST-CENTURY ROADMAP; CREATING CONTEXT; END-POINTS AB This is the second of two reports from the International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT) Working Group on Quantitative Approaches to Genetic Toxicology Risk Assessment (the QWG). The first report summarized the discussions and recommendations of the QWG related to the need for quantitative dose-response analysis of genetic toxicology data, the existence and appropriate evaluation of threshold responses, and methods to analyze exposure-response relationships and derive points of departure (PoDs) from which acceptable exposure levels could be determined. This report summarizes the QWG discussions and recommendations regarding appropriate approaches to evaluate exposure-related risks of genotoxic damage, including extrapolation below identified PoDs and across test systems and species. Recommendations include the selection of appropriate genetic endpoints and target tissues, uncertainty factors and extrapolation methods to be considered, the importance and use of information on mode of action, toxicokinetics, metabolism, and exposure biomarkers when using quantitative exposure-response data to determine acceptable exposure levels in human populations or to assess the risk associated with known or anticipated exposures. The empirical relationship between genetic damage (mutation and chromosomal aberration) and cancer in animal models was also examined. It was concluded that there is a general correlation between cancer induction and mutagenic and/or clastogenic damage for agents thought to act via a genotoxic mechanism, but that the correlation is limited due to an inadequate number of cases in which mutation and cancer can be compared at a sufficient number of doses in the same target tissues of the same species and strain exposed under directly comparable routes and experimental protocols. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [MacGregor, James T.] Toxicol Consulting Serv, Bonita Springs, FL USA. [Froetschl, Roland] Bundesinst Arzneimittel & Medizinprod, Bonn, Germany. [White, Paul A.] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Eastmond, David A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Fukushima, Shoji] Japan Bioassay Res Ctr, Haden, Kanagawa, Japan. [Guerard, Melanie; Mueller, Lutz] F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, Pharmaceut Sci & Early Dev Innovat Ctr, Basel, Switzerland. [Hayashi, Makoto] Publ Interest Inc Fdn BioSafety Res Ctr, Shizuoka, Japan. [Soeteman-Hernandez, Lya G.] RIVM Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Johnson, George E.] Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Kasamatsu, Toshio] Kao Corp, Haga Gun, Tochigi, Japan. [Levy, Dan D.] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Morita, Takeshi] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Schuler, Maik J.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Thybaud, Veronique] Sanofi Rech, Vitry Sur Seine, France. RP MacGregor, JT (reprint author), Toxicol Consulting Serv, Bonita Springs, FL USA. EM jtmacgregor@earthlink.net OI white, paul/0000-0001-5853-4759; Johnson, George/0000-0001-5643-9942 NR 110 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 EI 1879-3592 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 783 SI SI BP 66 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.008 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CJ2YX UT WOS:000355351700008 PM 25953401 ER PT J AU Crosby, SC Ivens-Duran, M Bertness, MD Davey, E Deegan, LA Leslie, HM AF Crosby, Sarah C. Ivens-Duran, Morgan Bertness, Mark D. Davey, Earl Deegan, Linda A. Leslie, Heather M. TI FLOWERING AND BIOMASS ALLOCATION IN US ATLANTIC COAST SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE biomass allocation; flowering; phenology; seed supply; Spartina alterniflora ID ENGLAND SALT-MARSH; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SEA-LEVEL RISE; SEED PRODUCTION; GLOBAL CHANGE; LIFE-CYCLES; CORDGRASS; PHENOLOGY; POLLINATION; DIVERSITY AB Premise of the study: Salt marshes are highly productive and valuable ecosystems, providing many services on which people depend. Spartina alterniflora Loisel (Poaceae) is a foundation species that builds and maintains salt marshes. Despite this species' importance, much of its basic reproductive biology is not well understood, including flowering phenology, seed production, and the effects of flowering on growth and biomass allocation. We sought to better understand these life history traits and use that knowledge to consider how this species may be affected by climate change. Methods: We examined temporal and spatial patterns in flowering and seed production in S. alterniflora at a latitudinal scale (along the U.S. Atlantic coast), regional scale (within New England), and local scale (among subhabitats within marshes) and determined the impact of flowering on growth allocation using field and greenhouse studies. Key results: Flowering stem density did not vary along a latitudinal gradient, while at the local scale plants in the less submerged panne subhabitats produced fewer flowers and seeds than those in more frequently submerged subhabitats. We also found that a shift in biomass allocation from above to belowground was temporally related to flowering phenology. Conclusions: We expect that environmental change will affect seed production and that the phenological relationship with flowering will result in limitations to belowground production and thus affect marsh elevation gain. Salt marshes provide an excellent model system for exploring the interactions between plant ecology and ecosystem functioning, enabling better predictions of climate change impacts. C1 [Crosby, Sarah C.; Ivens-Duran, Morgan; Bertness, Mark D.; Deegan, Linda A.; Leslie, Heather M.] Brown Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Crosby, Sarah C.; Deegan, Linda A.; Leslie, Heather M.] Ecosyst Ctr, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Davey, Earl] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Heath & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Leslie, Heather M.] Brown Univ, Inst Brown Environm & Soc, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Crosby, SC (reprint author), Nat Discovery Ctr, Earthplace, Harbor Watch, Westport, CT 06880 USA. EM sarah.corman.crosby@gmail.com FU Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Dissertation Development Grant through Brown University; Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Park Service George Melendez Wright Climate Change Fellowship; ADVANCE Program of Brown University (National Science Foundation Grant) [0548311]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1354494, OCE-1238212]; Northeast Climate Science Center [DOI-G12AC00001, DOI-G13AC00410] FX The authors thank A. Angermeyer, L. Brin, H. Booth, J. Carlton, A. Crosby, J. Gallagher, D. Johnson, R. Johnson, E. Lamb, M. Palmer, K. Raposa, D. Sax, D. Seliskar, E. Watson, C. Weidman, C. Wigand, and the staff at Rhode Island Medical Imaging, Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Prudence Island National Estuarine Research Reserve, St. Jones River National Estuarine Research Reserve, Fire Island National Seashore, Assateague Island National Seashore, Rachel Carson National Estuarine Research Reserve, ACE Basin National Estuarine Research Reserve, and the Plum Island Long-Term Ecological Research Program for their invaluable assistance. This work was supported in part by an Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Dissertation Development Grant through Brown University to S.C.C. This research (or a portion thereof) was conducted in the National Estuarine Research Reserve System under an award from the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to S.C.C. Additional funding was provided to S.C.C. by the National Park Service George Melendez Wright Climate Change Fellowship, to H.M.L. from the ADVANCE Program of Brown University (National Science Foundation Grant no. 0548311), and to L.A.D. from the National Science Foundation (DEB-1354494, OCE-1238212) and the Northeast Climate Science Center (DOI-G12AC00001, DOI-G13AC00410). NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 44 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 102 IS 5 BP 669 EP 676 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400534 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CJ1IR UT WOS:000355237800004 PM 26022481 ER PT J AU George, BJ Sobus, JR Phelps, LP Rashleigh, B Simmons, JE Hines, RN AF George, Barbara Jane Sobus, Jon R. Phelps, Lara P. Rashleigh, Brenda Simmons, Jane Ellen Hines, Ronald N. CA Community Practice Stat Guidance TI Raising the Bar for Reproducible Science at the US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID INCREASING VALUE; REDUCING WASTE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; STANDARDS; PROPOSAL; IMPROVE; QUALITY; POWER AB Considerable concern has been raised regarding research reproducibility both within and outside the scientific community. Several factors possibly contribute to a lack of reproducibility, including a failure to adequately employ statistical considerations during study design, bias in sample selection or subject recruitment, errors in developing data inclusion/exclusion criteria, and flawed statistical analysis. To address some of these issues, several publishers have developed checklists that authors must complete. Others have either enhanced statistical expertise on existing editorial boards, or formed distinct statistics editorial boards. Although the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, already has a strong Quality Assurance Program, an initiative was undertaken to further strengthen statistics consideration and other factors in study design and also to ensure these same factors are evaluated during the review and approval of study protocols. To raise awareness of the importance of statistical issues and provide a forum for robust discussion, a Community of Practice for Statistics was formed in January 2014. In addition, three working groups were established to develop a series of questions or criteria that should be considered when designing or reviewing experimental, observational, or modeling focused research. This article describes the process used to develop these study design guidance documents, their contents, how they are being employed by the Agency's research enterprise, and expected benefits to Agency science. The process and guidance documents presented here may be of utility for any research enterprise interested in enhancing the reproducibility of its science. C1 [George, Barbara Jane; Simmons, Jane Ellen; Hines, Ronald N.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sobus, Jon R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Phelps, Lara P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Off Sci Advisor, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rashleigh, Brenda] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Hines, RN (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD 305-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hines.ronald@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013; OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660; Phillips, Martin/0000-0002-6282-529X NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 145 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfv020 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CJ1YL UT WOS:000355280900003 PM 25795653 ER PT J AU Raffaele, KC Lau, E Vidmar, T Li, A AF Raffaele, K. C. Lau, E. Vidmar, T. Li, A. TI Hypothesis-Driven Testing and Analysis: Auditory Startle As a Case Study SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Raffaele, K. C.] US EPA, OSWER, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lau, E.; Li, A.] Exponent Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. [Vidmar, T.] BioSTAT, Kalamazoo, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA W5 BP 369 EP 369 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400042 ER PT J AU Moser, VC Hofstra, A AF Moser, V. C. Hofstra, A. TI Standardization of SOPs to Evaluations: Impacts on Regulatory Decisions Using Learning and Memory As Case Studies SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moser, V. C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hofstra, A.] Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA W6 BP 370 EP 370 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400043 ER PT J AU Stoker, TE AF Stoker, T. E. TI Improving the Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) Effects on Puberty SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stoker, T. E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA W11 BP 372 EP 372 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400048 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Judson, RS Baker, NC Leung, MCK AF Knudsen, T. B. Judson, R. S. Baker, N. C. Leung, M. C. K. TI Evaluation of 1066 ToxCast Chemicals in a Human Stem Cell Assay for Developmental Toxicity SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knudsen, T. B.; Judson, R. S.; Baker, N. C.; Leung, M. C. K.] US EPA, NCCT, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Baker, N. C.] Lockheed Martin, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA 33 BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400082 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Franzosa, JA Baker, NC Spencer, RS Hunter, ES Kleinstreuer, NC Ellis-Hutchings, R Carney, EW AF Knudsen, T. B. Franzosa, J. A. Baker, N. C. Spencer, R. S. Hunter, E. S. Kleinstreuer, N. C. Ellis-Hutchings, R. Carney, E. W. TI Vascular Developmental Toxicity of TNP-470 and 5HPP-33 Assessed with ToxCastDB and Anchored to Functional Assays for Angiogenesis and Embryogenesis SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knudsen, T. B.; Franzosa, J. A.; Baker, N. C.; Hunter, E. S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Baker, N. C.; Spencer, R. S.] Lockheed Martin, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kleinstreuer, N. C.] ILS NICEATM, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ellis-Hutchings, R.; Carney, E. W.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA 36 BP 393 EP 393 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400085 ER PT J AU Narotsky, MG Best, DS Rubin, Z Winters, BR AF Narotsky, M. G. Best, D. S. Rubin, Z. Winters, B. R. TI Preliminary Assessment of F344-Sasco Rats As a Developmental Toxicity Research Model for Effects on Pregnancy Maintenance and Eye Malformations: Pilot Study with Trichloroacetic Acid SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Narotsky, M. G.; Best, D. S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rubin, Z.] Univ N Carolina, Coll Arts & Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Winters, B. R.] Univ N Carolina, Biol & Biomed Sci Program, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA P57 BP 430 EP 430 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400157 ER PT J AU Rudel, H Muniz, CD Garelick, H Kandile, NG Miller, BW Munoz, LP Peijnenburg, WJGM Purchase, D Shevah, Y van Sprang, P Vijver, M Vink, JPM AF Ruedel, Heinz Diaz Muniz, Cristina Garelick, Hemda Kandile, Nadia G. Miller, Bradley W. Munoz, Leonardo Pantoja Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M. Purchase, Diane Shevah, Yehuda van Sprang, Patrick Vijver, Martina Vink, Jos P. M. TI Consideration of the bioavailability of metal/metalloid species in freshwaters: experiences regarding the implementation of biotic ligand model-based approaches in risk assessment frameworks SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Bioavailability; Biotic ligand model; Metals.; Quality standards; Surfacewater monitoring; Copper; Nickel; Zinc ID CHRONIC COPPER TOXICITY; METAL BIOACCUMULATION; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; NATURAL-WATERS; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; HEAVY-METALS; IN-VITRO; NICKEL; CU AB After the scientific development of biotic ligand models (BLMs) in recent decades, these models are now considered suitable for implementation in regulatory risk assessment of metals in freshwater bodies. The BLM approach has been described in many peer-reviewed publications, and the original complex BLMs have been applied in prospective risk assessment reports for metals and metal compounds. BLMs are now also recommended as suitable concepts for the site-specific evaluation of monitoring data in the context of the European Water Framework Directive. However, the use is hampered by the data requirements for the original BLMs (about 10 water parameters). Recently, several user-friendly BLM-based bioavailability software tools for assessing the aquatic toxicity of relevant metals (mainly copper, nickel, and zinc) became available. These tools only need a basic set of commonly determined water parameters as input (i.e., pH, hardness, dissolved organic matter, and dissolved metal concentration). Such tools seem appropriate to foster the implementation of routine site-specific water quality assessments. This work aims to review the existing bioavailability-based regulatory approaches and the application of available BLM-based bioavailability tools for this purpose. Advantages and possible drawbacks of these tools (e.g., feasibility, boundaries of validity) are discussed, and recommendations for further implementation are given. C1 [Ruedel, Heinz] Fraunhofer Inst Mol Biol & Appl Ecol Fraunhofer I, D-57392 Schmallenberg, Germany. [Diaz Muniz, Cristina] Spanish Minist Agr Food & Environm, Cantabrian Basin Author, Oviedo 33071, Spain. [Garelick, Hemda; Munoz, Leonardo Pantoja] Middlesex Univ, Dept Nat Sci, London NW4 4BT, England. [Kandile, Nadia G.] Ain Shams Univ, Fac Women, Dept Chem, Cairo 11757, Egypt. [Miller, Bradley W.] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Safety Subst & Prod, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M.; Vijver, Martina] Leiden Univ, Fac Sci, Inst Environm Sci CML, Leiden, Netherlands. [Purchase, Diane] Middlesex Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Nat Sci, London NW4 4BT, England. [Shevah, Yehuda] Consulting Engineers & Planners Ltd, IL-425407 Netanya, Israel. [van Sprang, Patrick] ARCHE, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Vink, Jos P. M.] Deltares Fdn, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Rudel, H (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Mol Biol & Appl Ecol Fraunhofer I, Aberg 1, D-57392 Schmallenberg, Germany. EM heinz.ruedel@ime.fraunhofer.de; cdiaz@chcantabrico.es; h.garelick@mdx.ac.uk; nadiaghk@hotmail.com; Miller.BradleyW@epa.gov; l.pantojamunoz@mdx.ac.uk; willie.peijnenburg@rivm.nl; d.purchase@mdx.ac.uk; ysheva@gmail.com; patrick.vansprang@arche-consulting.be; Vijver@cml.leidenuniv.nl; Jos.Vink@deltares.nl OI peijnenburg, willie/0000-0003-2958-9149; Purchase, Diane/0000-0001-8071-4385 NR 88 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 41 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 22 IS 10 BP 7405 EP 7421 DI 10.1007/s11356-015-4257-5 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI1FA UT WOS:000354486800021 PM 25750051 ER PT J AU Benromdhane, SA AF Benromdhane, Souad Ahmed TI Energy efficiency through integrated environmental management SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Eco-labeling; Energy efficiency; Tourism, textiles, food industry; Environmental management ID CONSUMPTION AB Integrated environmental management became an economic necessity after industrial development proved to be unsustainable without consideration of environmental direct and indirect impacts. Energy dependency and air pollution along with climate change grew into major challenges facing developed and developing countries alike. Thus, a new global market structure emerged and changed the way we do trade. The search intensified for alternatives to petroleum. However, scientists, policy makers, and environmental activists agreed to focus on strategic conservation and optimization of energy use. Environmental concerns will remain partially unaddressed with the current pace of consumption because greenhouse gas emissions will continue to rise with economic growth. This paper discusses energy efficiency, steady integration of alternative sources, and increased use of best available technologies. Energy criteria developed for environmental labeling certification are presented. Our intention is to encourage manufacturers and service providers to supply consumers with less polluting and energy-consuming goods and services, inform consumers of the environmental and energy impacts, and thereby instill sustainable and responsible consumption. As several programs were initiated in developed countries, environmental labeling requirements created barriers to many exports manufactured in developing countries, affecting current world trade and putting more pressure on countries to meet those requirements. Defining an institutional and legal framework of environmental labeling is a key challenge in implementing such programs for critical economic sectors like tourism, textiles, and food production where energy needs are the most important aspect to control. A case study of Tunisia and its experience with eco-labeling is presented. C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Benromdhane, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM benromd1@yahoo.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 22 IS 10 BP 7973 EP 7979 DI 10.1007/s11356-015-4424-8 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI1FA UT WOS:000354486800073 PM 25850743 ER PT J AU Le, CF Lehrter, JC Hu, CM Schaeffer, B MacIntyre, H Hagy, JD Beddick, DL AF Le, Chengfeng Lehrter, John C. Hu, Chuanmin Schaeffer, Blake MacIntyre, Hugh Hagy, James D. Beddick, David L. TI Relation between inherent optical properties and land use and land cover across Gulf Coast estuaries SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; SPECTRAL ABSORPTION; IN-SITU; PHYTOPLANKTON; WATERS; OCEAN; COLOR; CARBON; CHLOROPHYLL AB Land use and land cover (LULC) can affect the watershed exports of optically active constituents such as suspended particulate matter and colored dissolved organic matter, and in turn affect estuarine optical properties. We collected optical data from six estuaries in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico with different watershed LULC characteristics and investigated how estuarine optical properties varied across these systems. Differences in LULC corresponded with significant differences in the estuarine inherent optical properties and specific inherent optical properties (SIOPs), which are known surrogates for phytoplankton cell size, organic particle concentration, and the amount of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon. The results indicated that increasing proportions of developed land use (urban+agriculture) in the watersheds resulted in a linear increase in light attenuation in the estuaries primarily through increased absorption by phytoplankton. Estuarine SIOPs were also linearly related to the proportion of developed land. These findings were used to demonstrate how improved knowledge of the factors regulating estuarine SIOPs may be used to increase the accuracy of semianalytical ocean color remote sensing algorithms in optically complex estuaries. C1 [Le, Chengfeng; Lehrter, John C.; Schaeffer, Blake; Hagy, James D.; Beddick, David L.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Hu, Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [MacIntyre, Hugh] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Le, CF (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM le.chengfeng@epa.gov RI MacIntyre, Hugh/B-4555-2011 OI MacIntyre, Hugh/0000-0002-8852-6984 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant [NNH08ZDA001-DECISIONS]; NASA water quality program FX We thank the two anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant NNH08ZDA001-DECISIONS to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Gulf Ecology Division, the USEPA Office of Research and Development, and by the NASA water quality program. This research was also supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge institute for the Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-3590 EI 1939-5590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 60 IS 3 BP 920 EP 933 DI 10.1002/lno.10065 PG 14 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CI1GA UT WOS:000354490100015 ER PT J AU Dolwick, P Akhtar, F Baker, KR Possiel, N Simon, H Tonnesen, G AF Dolwick, Pat Akhtar, Farhan Baker, Kirk R. Possiel, Norm Simon, Heather Tonnesen, Gail TI Comparison of background ozone estimates over the western United States based on two separate model methodologies SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ozone; Background ozone; US background; Zero-out modeling; Source apportionment; CMAQ; CAMx ID SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NORTH-AMERICA; AIR; POLICY; VARIABILITY; EMISSIONS; TRANSPORT; EPISODES; US AB Two separate air quality model methodologies for estimating background ozone levels over the western U.S. are compared in this analysis. The first approach is a direct sensitivity modeling approach that considers the ozone levels that would remain after certain emissions are entirely removed (i.e., zero-out modeling). The second approach is based on an instrumented air quality model which tracks the formation of ozone within the simulation and assigns the source of that ozone to pre-identified categories (i.e., source apportionment modeling). This analysis focuses on a definition of background referred to as U.S. background (USB) which is designed to represent the influence of all sources other than U.S. anthropogenic emissions. Two separate modeling simulations were completed for an April October 2007 period, both focused on isolating the influence of sources other than domestic manmade emissions. The zero-out modeling was conducted with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and the source apportionment modeling was completed with the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx). Our analysis shows that the zero-out and source apportionment techniques provide relatively similar estimates of the magnitude of seasonal mean daily 8-h maximum U.S. background ozone at locations in the western U.S. when base case model ozone biases are considered. The largest differences between the two sets of USB estimates occur in urban areas where interactions with local NOx emissions can be important, especially when ozone levels are relatively low. Both methodologies conclude that seasonal mean daily 8-h maximum U.S. background ozone levels can be as high as 40 -45 ppb over rural portions of the western U.S. Background fractions tend to decrease as modeled total ozone concentrations increase, with typical fractions of 75-100 percent on the lowest ozone days (<25 ppb) and typical fractions between 30 and 50% on days with ozone above 75 ppb. The finding that estimates of background ozone are not strongly dependent on the technique applied lends credibility to this and earlier modeling work. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dolwick, Pat; Baker, Kirk R.; Possiel, Norm; Simon, Heather] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Akhtar, Farhan] USDA, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Tonnesen, Gail] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Dolwick, P (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dolwick.pat@epa.gov RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011 OI simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360 NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 109 BP 282 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.005 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH6MF UT WOS:000354150000031 ER PT J AU Job, C Barles, R AF Job, Charles Barles, Robert TI USEPA's 2015 Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The focus of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) 2015 Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey is to assess the extent to which the infrastructure of the nation's more than 50,000 community water systems needs to be upgraded and replaced. This article discusses the national priority of the survey, plans for 2015 that differ from previous surveys, and reasons that the participation of water systems is important. C1 [Job, Charles] US EPA, Infrastruct Branch, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Barles, Robert] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Job, C (reprint author), US EPA, Infrastruct Branch, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM job.charles@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 107 IS 5 BP 84 EP 86 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2015.107.0071 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA CH7QP UT WOS:000354232000011 ER PT J AU Lee, JG Borst, M Brown, RA Rossman, L Simon, MA AF Lee, Joong Gwang Borst, Michael Brown, Robert A. Rossman, Lewis Simon, Michelle A. TI Modeling the Hydrologic Processes of a Permeable Pavement System SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Urban stormwater management; Mathematical models; Infiltration; Exfiltration; Clogging; Best management practice (BMP); Low impact development (LID); Green infrastructure (GI); Permeable pavement ID GREEN-AMPT INFILTRATION; STORMWATER; REDISTRIBUTION; EVOLUTION; SOILS; WATER AB A permeable pavement system can capture stormwater to reduce runoff volume and flow rate, improve onsite groundwater recharge, and enhance pollutant controls within the site. A new unit process model for evaluating the hydrologic processes of a permeable pavement system has been developed in this study. The developed model can continuously simulate infiltration through the permeable pavement surface, exfiltration from the storage to the surrounding in situ soils, and clogging impacts on infiltration/exfiltration capacity at the pavement surface and the bottom of the subsurface storage unit. The exfiltration modeling component simulates vertical and horizontal exfiltration independently based on Darcy's formula with elaborating Green-Ampt approximation. The developed model can be arranged with physically-based modeling parameters, such as hydraulic conductivity, Manning's friction flow parameters, saturated and field capacity volumetric water contents, porosity, and density. The developed model was calibrated using high-frequency observed data. The modeled water depths are well matched with the observed values (R2=0.89; Nash-Sutcliffecoeff.=0.90). The modeling results show that horizontal exfiltration through the side walls of the subsurface storage unit is a prevailing factor in determining the hydrologic performance of the system, especially where the storage unit is developed in a long, narrow shape; or with a high risk of bottom compaction and clogging. C1 [Lee, Joong Gwang] Ctr Urban Green Infrastruct Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. [Borst, Michael] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Brown, Robert A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Brown, Robert A.] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Rossman, Lewis; Simon, Michelle A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lee, JG (reprint author), Ctr Urban Green Infrastruct Engn, 9975 Walnutridge Ct, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM jglee@ugiengineering.com NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 51 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 20 IS 5 AR 04014070 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001088 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CH4HU UT WOS:000353995400014 ER PT J AU Kirrane, EF Bowman, C Davis, JA Hoppin, JA Blair, A Chen, HL Patel, MM Sandler, DP Tanner, CM Vinikoor-Imler, L Ward, MH Luben, TJ Kamel, F AF Kirrane, Ellen F. Bowman, Christal Davis, J. Allen Hoppin, Jane A. Blair, Aaron Chen, Honglei Patel, Molini M. Sandler, Dale P. Tanner, Caroline M. Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa Ward, Mary H. Luben, Thomas J. Kamel, Freya TI Associations of Ozone and PM2.5 Concentrations With Parkinson's Disease Among Participants in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OLDER-ADULTS; US ADULTS; BRAIN; COHORT AB Objective: This study describes associations of ozone and fine particulate matter with Parkinson's disease observed among farmers in North Carolina and Iowa. Methods: We used logistic regression to determine the associations of these pollutants with self-reported, doctor-diagnosed Parkinson's disease. Daily predicted pollutant concentrations were used to derive surrogates of long-term exposure and link them to study participants' geocoded addresses. Results: We observed positive associations of Parkinson's disease with ozone (odds ratio = 1.39; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.98) and fine particulate matter (odds ratio = 1.34; 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.93) in North Carolina but not in Iowa. Conclusions: The plausibility of an effect of ambient concentrations of these pollutants on Parkinson's disease risk is supported by experimental data demonstrating damage to dopaminergic neurons at relevant concentrations. Additional studies are needed to address uncertainties related to confounding and to examine temporal aspects of the associations we observed. C1 [Kirrane, Ellen F.; Bowman, Christal; Davis, J. Allen; Patel, Molini M.; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa; Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Chen, Honglei; Sandler, Dale P.; Kamel, Freya] NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Blair, Aaron; Ward, Mary H.] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Tanner, Caroline M.] San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Parkinsons Dis Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Tanner, Caroline M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Kirrane, EF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kirrane.ellen@epa.gov OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018; Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU intramural research program of the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119] FX This work was supported in part by the intramural research program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030), and National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119). Data were obtained from Agricultural Health Study data release versions P1REL0906.00 (for phase 1), P2REL0907.00 (phase 2), and P3RREL0901 (phase 3). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Dr Caroline Tanner has served as a consultant to Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, a manufacturer of treatments for Parkinson's disease. No other potential conflicts of interest were declared. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 57 IS 5 BP 509 EP 517 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000451 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CH7NY UT WOS:000354225000006 PM 25951420 ER PT J AU Rathi, AK Gawande, MB Zboril, R Varma, RS AF Rathi, Anuj K. Gawande, Manoj B. Zboril, Radek Varma, Rajender S. TI Microwave-assisted synthesis - Catalytic applications in aqueous media SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Microwave-assisted synthesis; Aqueous chemistry; Metal-catalyzed reactions; Cross-coupling reactions; C-C bond-forming reactions; Heterocyclic synthesis ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; CARBON BOND FORMATION; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS MACOS; SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES; ADDITION-CYCLIZATION REACTIONS; SUZUKI-MIYAURA REACTION; PHOSPHINE OXIDE LIGAND; DOUBLE-HECK REACTIONS; ONE-STEP SYNTHESIS AB The development of sustainable methods directed towards the synthesis of molecules is due to the heightened awareness and recognition of alternative eco-friendly and economical protocols that have minimum impact on environment. Among others, microwave (MW)-assisted methodology has matured and can be used safely to substitute for conventional laboratory heating techniques; a number of chemical transformations have been achieved thereby improving many existing protocols with superior results when ,compared to reactions performed under conventional heating conditions. The focus of this review is to summarize recent MW-assisted catalytic reactions performed in aqueous media for the development of environmentally benign protocols. We review the catalytic MW-assisted methods employed for the synthesis of a variety of heterocycles, cross-coupling reactions, C-H activation reactions, synthesis of peptides, ureas, and carboxyl-containing coordination polymers and a host of miscellaneous reactions. In addition, some recent newer developments such as continuous flow capillary MW microreactors and other related flow applications are included. This sustainable approach represents the fusion of friendly reaction medium (water) and microwave activation in conjunction with a variety of catalysts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rathi, Anuj K.; Gawande, Manoj B.; Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Dept Phys Chem, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov RI Zboril, Radek/F-5153-2015; OI Zboril, Radek/0000-0002-3147-2196 FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [LO1305] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by the project LO1305 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. NR 446 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 14 U2 118 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 EI 1873-3840 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 291 BP 68 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.01.011 PG 27 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA CG6QG UT WOS:000353426400003 ER PT J AU Boulay, AM Bare, J De Camillis, C Doll, P Gassert, F Gerten, D Humbert, S Inaba, A Itsubo, N Lemoine, Y Margni, M Motoshita, M Nunez, M Pastor, AV Ridoutt, B Schencker, U Shirakawa, N Vionnet, S Worbe, S Yoshikawa, S Pfister, S AF Boulay, Anne-Marie Bare, Jane De Camillis, Camillo Doell, Petra Gassert, Francis Gerten, Dieter Humbert, Sebastien Inaba, Atsushi Itsubo, Norihiro Lemoine, Yann Margni, Manuele Motoshita, Masaharu Nunez, Montse Pastor, Amandine V. Ridoutt, Brad Schencker, Urs Shirakawa, Naoki Vionnet, Samuel Worbe, Sebastien Yoshikawa, Sayaka Pfister, Stephan TI Consensus building on the development of a stress-based indicator for LCA-based impact assessment of water consumption: outcome of the expert workshops SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Consensus-based; Water consumption; WULCA ID INTEGRATED MODEL; PART; SCALE AB The WULCA group, active since 2007 on Water Use in LCA, commenced the development of consensus-based indicators in January 2014. This activity is planned to last 2 years and covers human health, ecosystem quality, and a stress-based indicator. This latter encompasses potential deprivation of both ecosystem and human, hence aiming to represent potential impacts more comprehensively than any other available LCA-oriented method assessing the "water scarcity footprint" (ISO 2014). A series of three expert workshops, including non-LCA experts from hydrology, eco-hydrology, and water supply science, was organized specifically on the topic of this generic midpoint indicator. They were held in Zurich on 10th September, in San Francisco on 5th October and in Tsukuba on 27th October 2014. In total 49 experts attended. The specific objectives of the workshops were twofold. First, it was to present the identified options of the stress-based indicator narrowed down by the active members of WULCA during the first 8 months of the project and to receive comments on the relevance, usefulness, acceptability, and focus of the selected indicator. Second, the workshop covered different challenges in the modeling of the indicator and presented the experts with background information and specific questions. This paper summarizes the discussions and outcome of these workshops. Where no agreement was reached, the working group of active members is considering all inputs received and continues the work. The discussion covered first the question to be answered by such indicator, resulting on an agreement on the evaluation of the potential to deprive other users of water, independently of who the user is (i.e., human or ecosystems). Special attention was given to the special case of arid areas as well as the definition of environmental water requirements. Specific modeling challenges were then addressed: definition and quantification of human and ecosystem water demand, consideration of green water and terrestrial ecosystems, sources of data, distinction of groundwater and surface water, and temporal and geographical resolution. The input, decisions, and points of discussion were compiled and brought back within the group of active members. The group is using the recommendations and works further on the harmonization of the points of disagreement. It is expected that a selection of indicators representing different ways to address the most important issues will be produced and tested in spring 2015. The analysis of the result should lead to a provisional recommendation by summer 2015. C1 [Boulay, Anne-Marie; Margni, Manuele] Ecole Polytech, Dept Chem Engn, CIRAIG, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. [Bare, Jane] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [De Camillis, Camillo] United Nations FAO, Agr & Consumer Protect Dept, Rome, Italy. [Doell, Petra] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys Geog, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. [Gassert, Francis] World Resources Inst, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Gerten, Dieter] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany. [Humbert, Sebastien; Vionnet, Samuel] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Quantis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Inaba, Atsushi] Kogakuin Univ, Fac Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Itsubo, Norihiro] Tokyo City Univ, Dept Environm Management, Tokyo, Japan. [Lemoine, Yann] EDF, DPIH, Water Management Unit, Lyon, France. [Motoshita, Masaharu] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Nunez, Montse] ELSA, Res Grp Environm Life Cycle Sustainabil Assessmen, Irstea, UMR ITAP, Montpellier, France. [Pastor, Amandine V.] Wageningen Univ, Earth Syst Sci, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ridoutt, Brad] CSIRO, Agr Flagship, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Schencker, Urs] Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. [Shirakawa, Naoki] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Engn Informat & Syst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Worbe, Sebastien] Veolia Res & Innovat, Maisons Laffitte, France. [Yoshikawa, Sayaka] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Pfister, Stephan] ETH, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Boulay, AM (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Dept Chem Engn, CIRAIG, POB 6079, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. EM anne-marie.boulay@polymtl.ca RI Pfister, Stephan/B-1317-2011; Ridoutt, Bradley/D-3329-2011; Doll, Petra/A-3784-2009; Gerten, Dieter/B-2975-2013; Motoshita, Masaharu/E-5483-2016 OI Pfister, Stephan/0000-0001-8984-2041; Ridoutt, Bradley/0000-0001-7352-0427; Doll, Petra/0000-0003-2238-4546; Schenker, Urs/0000-0002-9437-0904; Motoshita, Masaharu/0000-0003-1576-0531 FU Hydro-Quebec; Veolia Environnement; Danone; ExxonMobil; Cascades; Unilever; Cottons Inc; GDF-Suez; Mitacs, the Canadian funding agency FX We acknowledge the contribution of the hosting institutions (ETH Zurich, ACLCA and the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology of Tsukuba) as well as the financial support of the industrial sponsors supporting WULCA: Hydro-Quebec, Veolia Environnement, Danone, ExxonMobil, Cascades, Unilever, Cottons Inc, GDF-Suez, and Mitacs, the Canadian funding agency. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 EI 1614-7502 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 20 IS 5 BP 577 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s11367-015-0869-8 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG8QF UT WOS:000353573800001 ER PT J AU Sengupta, D Hawkins, TR Smith, RL AF Sengupta, Debalina Hawkins, Troy R. Smith, Raymond L. TI Using national inventories for estimating environmental impacts of products from industrial sectors: a case study of ethanol and gasoline SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Biofuel; Biorefinery; Emission factors; Ethanol; Gasoline; National Emissions Inventory (NEI); Toxics Release Inventory ( TRI); Uncertainty ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; SUPPLY CHAINS; DESIGN AB In order to understand the environmental outcomes associated with the life cycle of a product, to compare these outcomes across products, or to design more sustainable supply chains, it is often desirable to estimate results for a reference supply chain representative of the conditions for a sector in a specific region. This paper, by examining ethanol and gasoline production processes, explains how choices made in the calculation of sector-representative emission factors can have a significant effect on the emission estimates used in life cycle assessments. This study estimates reference emission factors for United States dry-grind corn ethanol production and gasoline production processes suitable for use in baseline life cycle assessment unit processes. Based on facility-specific emissions and activity rates from the United States National Emissions Inventory, the Energy Information Administration, and an ethanol industry trade publication, the average emissions per unit energy content of fuel are computed using three different approaches. The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) characterization factors are used to estimate impact potentials for six environmental and three human health categories. Sector-specific direct emissions and impact potentials are compared across the three approaches and between the two sectors. The system boundary for this analysis is limited to the fuel production stage of these transportation fuel lifecycles. Findings from this work suggest that average emission factors based on total emissions and total production may significantly under estimate actual process emissions due to reporting thresholds and otherwise unreported emissions. Because of the potential for unreported emissions in regional inventories, it is more appropriate to estimate sector reference emission factors based on matched sets of facility or process level emissions and activity rates than to use aggregated totals. This study demonstrates a method which can be used for inventory development in cases where multiple facilities producing the same product are involved. C1 [Sengupta, Debalina] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Sengupta, Debalina; Hawkins, Troy R.; Smith, Raymond L.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Smith, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM smith.raymond@epa.gov FU EPA Office of Research and Development; Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The work presented here was funded by the EPA Office of Research and Development. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the United States Department of Energy and EPA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 EI 1614-7502 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 20 IS 5 BP 597 EP 607 DI 10.1007/s11367-015-0859-x PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG8QF UT WOS:000353573800003 ER PT J AU Vance, L Heckl, I Bertok, B Cabezas, H Friedler, F AF Vance, Leisha Heckl, Istvan Bertok, Botond Cabezas, Heriberto Friedler, Ferenc TI Designing sustainable energy supply chains by the P-graph method for minimal cost, environmental burden, energy resources input SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE P-graph; Emergy; Ecological footprint; Sustainability ID NETWORK SYNTHESIS; MANAGEMENT; REDUCTION; OPERATION AB We present a,computer-aided methodology for designing sustainable supply chains using the P-graph framework to develop supply chain structures which are then analyzed using cost, the cost of producing electricity, and two sustainability metrics: the ecological footprint and the emergy input. These metrics respectively represent environmental burden in terms of land use and energy resources. The results are the continuation of a research effort between members of the Office of Research and Development (ORD) of the U.S. EPA and the University of Pannonia. In earlier work, the basis of the research, the integration of supply chain design and sustainability were presented. There, the P-graph framework provided a mathematically rigorous procedure for synthesizing optimal and alternative suboptimal networks subject to profitability and ecological footprint criteria. In this work the effort is extended with another sustainability metric, emergy. Emergy, a measure of the energy used up in transformations directly and indirectly to make a product or maintain a service, was assessed for each energy production supply chain. The proposed methodology demonstrates the optimal design of a supply chain which provides electric power and heat to an agricultural region with agricultural wastes that can potentially be recovered as renewable resources. The results of the study indicate that, compared to using electricity from the grid and/or natural gas, renewable energy resources can yield substantial cost reductions of up to 17%, as well as significant ecological footprint and emergy reductions. These results indicate that it is possible to design more sustainable supply chains that are also cost-effective. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vance, Leisha; Cabezas, Heriberto] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Heckl, Istvan; Bertok, Botond; Cabezas, Heriberto; Friedler, Ferenc] Univ Pannonia, Dept Comp Sci & Syst Technol, Egyetem Utca, Hungary. RP Cabezas, H (reprint author), US EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Cabezas.Heriberto@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development; [TAMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0072] FX The authors acknowledge help with the economic data of the case study from Professor Michael Narodoslawsky and his team at the Technical University of Graz. This publication/research was supported by TAMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0072 project and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 94 BP 144 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.011 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH0VV UT WOS:000353741400015 ER PT J AU Paar, J Doolittle, MM Varma, M Siefring, S Oshima, K Haugland, RA AF Paar, Jack, III Doolittle, Mark M. Varma, Manju Siefring, Shawn Oshima, Kevin Haugland, Richard A. TI Development and evaluation of a culture-independent method for source determination of fecal wastes in surface and storm waters using reverse transcriptase-PCR detection of FRNA coliphage genogroup gene sequences SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE FRNA coliphage; Bacterial fecal indicators; Genetic markers; Detection and quantification methods; Urban stormwater ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; TIME RT-PCR; RNA COLIPHAGES; F+-RNA; BACTERIOPHAGES; CONTAMINATION; SAMPLES; ASSAY; HYBRIDIZATION; PERFORMANCE AB A method, incorporating recently improved reverse transcriptase-PCR primer/probe assays and including controls for detecting interferences in RNA recovery and analysis, was developed for the direct, culture-independent detection of genetic markers from FRNA coliphage genogroups I,II & IV in water samples. Results were obtained from an initial evaluation of the performance of this method in analyses of waste water, ambient surface water and stormwater drain and outfall samples from predominantly urban locations. The evaluation also included a comparison of the occurrence of the FRNA genetic markers with genetic markers from general and human-related bacterial fecal indicators determined by current or pending EPA-validated OCR methods. Strong associations were observed between the occurrence of the putatively human related FRNA genogroup II marker and the densities of the bacterial markers in the stormwater drain and outfall samples. However fewer samples were positive for FRNA coliphage compared to either the general bacterial fecal indicator or the human-related bacterial fecal indicator markers particularly for ambient water samples. Together, these methods show promise as complementary tools for the identification of contaminated storm water drainage systems as well as the determination of human and non-human sources of contamination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Paar, Jack, III] US EPA, New England Reg Lab, North Chelmsford, MA USA. [Doolittle, Mark M.] ESAT Contractor TechLaw Inc, New England Reg Lab, North Chelmsford, MA USA. [Varma, Manju; Siefring, Shawn; Oshima, Kevin; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's New England Regional Applied Research Effort FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names, products or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, official EPA approval, endorsement or recommendation. This research was funded, in part, through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's New England Regional Applied Research Effort. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Robert Hillger, US EPA Office of Research & Development, Regional Science Liason, U.S. EPA New England Regional Laboratory. We further thank Greg Hellyer for graphical assistance and John Ravenscroft, Shamima Akhter and Joseph Tiago for constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAY PY 2015 VL 112 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.02.015 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA CG6QL UT WOS:000353426900006 PM 25744574 ER PT J AU He, XX de la Cruz, AA Hiskia, A Kaloudis, T O'Shea, K Dionysiou, DD AF He, Xuexiang de la Cruz, Armah A. Hiskia, Anastasia Kaloudis, Triantafyllos O'Shea, Kevin Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Destruction of microcystins (cyanotoxins) by UV-254 nm-based direct photolysis and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs): Influence of variable amino acids on the degradation kinetics and reaction mechanisms SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microcystins; UV-254 nm; Hydrogen peroxide; Second-order rate constant; Mechanism; Variable amino acids ID CYANOBACTERIAL TOXIN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN; HYDROXYL RADICALS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; RATE CONSTANTS; POTASSIUM PEROXYMONOSULFATE; PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION; UV/H2O2 TREATMENT; MAT COMMUNITIES; DRINKING-WATER AB Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are the most frequently detected group of cyanobacterial toxins. This study investigated the degradation of common MC variants in water, MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR and MC-LA, by UV-254 nm-based processes, UV only, UV/H2O2, UV/S2O82- and UV/HSO5-. Limited direct photolysis of MCs was observed, while the addition of an oxidant significantly improved the degradation efficiency with an order of UV/S2O82- > UV/HSO5- > UV/H2O2 at the same initial molar concentration of the oxidant. The removal of MC-LR by UV/H2O2 appeared to be faster than another cyanotoxin, cylindrospermopsin, at either the same initial molar concentration or the same initial organic carbon concentration of the toxin. It suggested a faster reaction of MC-LR with hydroxyl radical, which was further supported by the determined second-order rate constant of MCs with hydroxyl radical. Both isomerization and photohydration byproducts were observed in UV only process for all four MCs; while in UV/H2O2, hydroxylation and diene-Adda double bond cleavage byproducts were detected. The presence of a tyrosine in the structure of MC-YR significantly promoted the formation of monohydroxylation byproduct m/z 1061; while the presence of a second arginine in MC-RR led to the elimination of a guanidine group and the absence of double bond cleavage byproducts. It was therefore demonstrated in this study that the variable amino acids in the structure of MCs influenced not only the degradation kinetics but also the preferable reaction mechanisms. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cyprus, Nireas Int Water Res Ctr, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hiskia, Anastasia] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Adv Mat Physicochem Proc Nanotechnol & Micro, Athens 15310, Greece. [Kaloudis, Triantafyllos] Athens Water Supply & Sewerage Co EYDAP SA, Water Qual Dept, Athens 11146, Greece. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu RI He, Xuexiang/D-7564-2017; OI Kaloudis, Triantafyllos/0000-0003-1909-0256 FU Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation through Desmi; Republic of Cyprus; European Regional Development Fund of the EU [NEA IPODOMI/STRATH/0308/09]; University Research Council of University of Cincinnati; Graduate School of UC; University of Cincinnati through a UNESCO FX This work was funded by the Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation through Desmi 2009-2010 which is co-funded by the Republic of Cyprus and the European Regional Development Fund of the EU under contract number NEA IPODOMI/STRATH/0308/09. X. He is grateful for the University Research Council of University of Cincinnati for a Summer Research Fellowship and Graduate School of UC for a Dissertation Completion Fellowship. D. D. Dionysiou acknowledges support from the University of Cincinnati through a UNESCO co-Chair Professor position on "Water Access and Sustainability". T. Kaloudis, A. Hiskia and D. D. Dionysiou acknowledge COST Action ES 1105 "CYANOCOST - Cyanobacterial blooms and toxins in water resources: Occurrence, impacts and management". NR 72 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 18 U2 88 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 74 BP 227 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.011 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CH0YR UT WOS:000353748800021 PM 25744186 ER PT J AU Vossler, T Cernikovsky, L Novak, J Placha, H Krejci, B Nikolova, I Chalupnickova, E Williams, R AF Vossler, Teri Cernikovsky, Libor Novak, Jiri Placha, Helena Krejci, Blanka Nikolova, Irina Chalupnickova, Eva Williams, Ronald TI An investigation of local and regional sources of fine particulate matter in Ostrava, the Czech Republic SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fine particulate matter; Czech Republic; steel manufacturing; home heating; black carbon AB Despite efforts to reduce air pollutants, particularly in the coal power plant and industrial sectors, the Ostrava region of the Czech Republic continues to experience episodes of high pollutant concentrations, especially during the fall and winter seasons. A short-term pilot investigation was conducted to improve understanding of air pollution sources that may be impacting the Ostrava's air quality. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected in consecutive 12-hour day and night increments during spring and fall 2012 sampling campaigns. Sampling sites were strategically located to evaluate conditions in close proximity of a large steel works industrial complex, as well as away from direct influence of the industrial complex. These samples were analyzed for metals, organic and elemental (black) carbon, and selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The PM2.5 samples were supplemented with continuous monitoring of gases and meteorological parameters. On average, the fine particulate matter mass concentrations during the fall were more than twice the average concentrations during the spring at each sampling site. Likewise, concentrations for most individual species were higher in the fall than in the spring. However, concentrations of crustal elements were higher in the spring than in the fall. Diurnal differences in fine mass concentrations were less pronounced than seasonal differences, with concentrations slightly higher at night at each site. The summed PAH concentrations increased with proximity to the industrial complex. Overall, the results indicate a source or group of sources to the northeast of all sampling sites that contributes significantly to the fine particle mass concentrations in the fall, and competes with contributions from the local industrial complex in the spring. The data presented here provide a qualitative overview of the results and form a solid foundation for the application of source apportionment models to be presented elsewhere. C1 [Vossler, Teri; Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cernikovsky, Libor; Novak, Jiri; Placha, Helena; Krejci, Blanka; Nikolova, Irina; Chalupnickova, Eva] Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Vossler, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM conner.teri@epa.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 25 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 6 IS 3 BP 454 EP 463 DI 10.5094/APR.2015.050 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG3XP UT WOS:000353213200010 ER PT J AU McMahen, RL Strynar, MJ Dagnino, S Herr, DW Moser, VC Garantziotis, S Andersen, EM Freeborn, DL McMillan, L Lindstrom, AB AF McMahen, Rebecca L. Strynar, Mark J. Dagnino, Sonia Herr, David W. Moser, Virginia C. Garantziotis, Stavros Andersen, Erik M. Freeborn, Danielle L. McMillan, Larry Lindstrom, Andrew B. TI Identification of fipronil metabolites by time-of-flight mass spectrometry for application in a human exposure study SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Fipronil; LC/TOF; Biomarker; Human exposure; Metabolism ID HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; FOOD; INSECTICIDE; CYTOCHROME-P450; CHEMISTRY; FLUORINE; SULFONE; INDOOR AB Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide commonly used in residential and agricultural applications. To understand more about the potential risks for human exposure associated with fipronil, urine and serum from dosed Long Evans adult rats (5 and 10 mg/kg bw) were analyzed to identify metabolites as potential biomarkers for use in human biomonitoring studies. Urine from treated rats was found to contain seven unique metabolites, two of which had not been previously reported-M4 and M7 which were putatively identified as a nitroso compound and an imine, respectively. Fipronil sulfone was confirmed to be the primary metabolite in rat serum. The fipronil metabolites identified in the respective matrices were then evaluated in matched human urine (n = 84) and serum (n = 96) samples from volunteers with no known pesticide exposures. Although no fipronil or metabolites were detected in human urine, fipronil sulfone was present in the serum of approximately 25% of the individuals at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 4 ng/mL These results indicate that many fipronil metabolites are produced following exposures in rats and that fipronil sulfone is a useful biomarker in human serum. Furthermore, human exposure to fipronil may occur regularly and require more extensive characterization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McMahen, Rebecca L.; Strynar, Mark J.; Dagnino, Sonia; Andersen, Erik M.; Lindstrom, Andrew B.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Herr, David W.; Moser, Virginia C.; Freeborn, Danielle L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Garantziotis, Stavros] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [McMillan, Larry] US EPA, Natl Caucus & Ctr Black Aged Employee, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Strynar, MJ (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM strynar.mark@epa.gov RI Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009 OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X FU National Exposure Research Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We thank Agilent Technologies for providing us with the LC/TOF mass spectrometer that was used to investigate metabolic products. We also thank Michael Hays of the US EPA who kindly allowed the use of his LC/Q-TOF mass spectrometer for further structure elucidation, Benny Pyke of Arizona State University for discussions on detection of fipronil in human urine, and Matthew Stiegel, Jon Sobus, and Peter Egeghy for help with data analysis. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 78 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2015.01.016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG2GH UT WOS:000353092400003 PM 25687022 ER PT J AU Dong, Z Lewis, CG Burgess, RM Shine, JP AF Dong, Zhao Lewis, Christopher G. Burgess, Robert M. Shine, James P. TI THE GELLYFISH: AN IN SITU EQUILIBRIUM-BASED SAMPLER FOR DETERMINING MULTIPLE FREE METAL ION CONCENTRATIONS IN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Metal; Free ion; Passive sampler; Speciation; Mixture ID NATURAL-WATERS; TRACE-METALS; ANALYTICAL VOLTAMMETRY; STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; COPPER CONCENTRATIONS; SELECTIVE ELECTRODE; DISSOLVED COPPER; BOSTON HARBOR; THIN-FILMS; SPECIATION AB Free metal ions are usually the most bioavailable and toxic metal species to aquatic organisms, but they are difficult to measure because of their extremely low concentrations in the marine environment. Many of the current methods for determining free metal ions are complicated and time-consuming, and they can only measure 1 metal at a time. The authors developed a new version of the Gellyfish, an in situ equilibrium-based sampler, with significantly reduced equilibration time and the capability of measuring multiple free metal ions simultaneously. By calibrating the Gellyfish to account for its uptake of cationic metal complexes and validating them in multi-metal competition experiments, the authors were able to determine free metal ion concentrations previously collected over 10 mo at 5 locations in Boston Harbor for Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd. This generated 1 of the largest free metal ion datasets and demonstrated the applicability of the Gellyfish as an easy-to-use and inexpensive tool for monitoring free ion concentrations of metal mixtures in marine ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:983-992. (c) 2015 SETAC C1 [Dong, Zhao; Lewis, Christopher G.; Shine, James P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Exposure Epidemiol & Risk Program, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Dong, Z (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Exposure Epidemiol & Risk Program, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM zdong@hsph.harvard.edu RI Dong, Zhao/Q-2518-2015; Dong, Zhao/L-6500-2015 OI Dong, Zhao/0000-0002-6188-1337; FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P42 ES05947, ES000002] FX The present study was funded by Grant P42 ES05947 and ES000002 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The contents of the present paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS. Thanks to D. Senn and S. Griscom for technical guidance and assistance in general, to N. Lupoli for technical assistance on the ICP-MS analyses, and to L. Schaider and D. Vasudevan for proofreading the manuscript. We also thank R. Chen and his students for collecting and measuring the dissolved organic carbon data. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 34 IS 5 BP 983 EP 992 DI 10.1002/etc.2893 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CG6LQ UT WOS:000353412800008 PM 25598362 ER PT J AU Ingersoll, CG Kunz, JL Hughes, JP Wang, N Ireland, DS Mount, DR Hockett, JR Valenti, TW AF Ingersoll, Chris G. Kunz, James L. Hughes, Jamie P. Wang, Ning Ireland, D. Scott Mount, David R. Hockett, J. Russell Valenti, Theodore W., Jr. TI RELATIVE SENSITIVITY OF AN AMPHIPOD HYALELLA AZTECA, A MIDGE CHIRONOMUS DILUTUS, AND A UNIONID MUSSEL LAMPSILIS SILIQUOIDEA TO A TOXIC SEDIMENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sediment toxicity; Benthic macroinvertebrates; Sediment quality guideline; Oil; Metals ID EARLY-LIFE STAGES; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; QUALITY GUIDELINES; WATER; AMMONIA; TESTS; CONTAMINANTS; AREAS; ZINC; TERM AB The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relative sensitivity of test organisms in exposures to dilutions of a highly toxic sediment contaminated with metals and organic compounds. One dilution series was prepared using control sand (low total organic carbon [TOC; <0.1%, low binding capacity for contaminants]) and a second dilution series was prepared using control sediment from West Bearskin Lake, Minnesota, USA (high TOC [approximate to 10% TOC, higher binding capacity for contaminants]). Test organisms included an amphipod (Hyalella azteca; 10-d and 28-d exposures), a midge (Chironomus dilutus; 20-d and 48-d exposures started with <1-h-old larvae, and 13-d and 48-d exposures started with 7-d-old larvae), and a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea; 28-d exposures). Relative species sensitivity depended on the toxicity endpoint and the diluent. All 3 species were more sensitive in sand dilutions than in West Bearskin Lake sediment dilutions. The <1-h-old C. dilutus were more sensitive than 7-d-old C. dilutus, but replicate variability was high in exposures started with the younger midge larvae. Larval biomass and adult emergence endpoints of C. dilutus exhibited a similar sensitivity. Survival, weight, and biomass of H. azteca were more sensitive endpoints in 28-d exposures than in 10-d exposures. Weight and biomass of L. siliquoidea were sensitive endpoints in both sand and West Bearskin Lake sediment dilutions. Metals, ammonia, oil, and other organic contaminants may have contributed to the observed toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1134-1144. (c) 2015 The Authors. Published by SETAC. C1 [Ingersoll, Chris G.; Kunz, James L.; Hughes, Jamie P.; Wang, Ning] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Ireland, D. Scott] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA. [Mount, David R.; Hockett, J. Russell; Valenti, Theodore W., Jr.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Valenti, Theodore W., Jr.] Syngenta Biotechnol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ingersoll, CG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM cingersoll@usgs.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency Region 5 FX We would like to thank the members of the Columbia Environmental Research Center Toxicology Branch for technical support. We thank T. Augspurger and 2 anonymous reviewers for providing comments on the manuscript. Funding for the present study was provided in part by US Environmental Protection Agency Region 5. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1134 EP 1144 DI 10.1002/etc.2909 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CG6LQ UT WOS:000353412800027 PM 25655578 ER PT J AU Tulve, NS Stefaniak, AB Vance, ME Rogers, K Mwilu, S LeBouf, RF Schwegler-Berry, D Willis, R Thomas, TA Marr, LC AF Tulve, Nicolle S. Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Vance, Marina E. Rogers, Kim Mwilu, Samuel LeBouf, Ryan F. Schwegler-Berry, Diane Willis, Robert Thomas, Treye A. Marr, Linsey C. TI Characterization of silver nanoparticles in selected consumer products and its relevance for predicting children's potential exposures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Children; Nanosilver; Consumer products; Inventory; Exposure ID IN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITY; METAL NANOPARTICLES; NANOMATERIALS; TOXICITY; ENVIRONMENT; NANOSILVER; CELLS; DISSOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; RELEASE AB Due to their antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in consumer products intended for use by children or in the home. Children may be especially affected by the normal use of consumer products because of their physiological functions, developmental stage, and activities and behaviors. Despite much research to date, children's potential exposures to AgNPs are not well characterized. Our objectives were to characterize selected consumer products containing AgNPs and to use the data to estimate a child's potential non-dietary ingestion exposure. We identified and cataloged 165 consumer products claiming to contain AgNPs that may be used by or near children or found in the home. Nineteen products (textile, liquid, plastic) were selected for further analysis. We developed a tiered analytical approach to determine silver content, form (particulate or ionic), size, morphology, agglomeration state, and composition. Silver was detected in all products except one sippy cup body. Among products in a given category, silver mass contributions were highly variable and not always uniformly distributed within products, highlighting the need to sample multiple areas of a product. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of AgNPs. Using this data, a child's potential non-dietary ingestion exposure to AgNPs when drinking milk formula from a sippy cup is 1.53 mu g Ag/kg. Additional research is needed to understand the number and types of consumer products containing silver and the concentrations of silver in these products in order to more accurately predict children's potential aggregate and cumulative exposures to AgNPs. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Rogers, Kim; Willis, Robert] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; LeBouf, Ryan F.; Schwegler-Berry, Diane] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Vance, Marina E.] Virginia Tech, Ctr Sustainable Nanotechnol, Inst Crit Technol & Appl Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Mwilu, Samuel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Thomas, Treye A.] US Consumer Prod Safety Commiss, Bethesda, MD USA. [Marr, Linsey C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Tulve, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tulve.nicolle@epa.gov RI Marr, Linsey/C-9698-2010; Vance, Marina/B-8711-2014 OI Marr, Linsey/0000-0003-3628-6891; Vance, Marina/0000-0003-0940-0353 FU EPA, through Office of Research and Development [RFQ-RT-10-00249] FX This work is part of interagency agreements between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) (EPA-IA-RW-61-92317001-0) and NIOSH and CPSC (CPSC-I-10-006). The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number RFQ-RT-10-00249 to Virginia Tech. This work has been subjected to EPA administrative review and approved for publication. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CPSC or NIOSH. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use, nor does it imply that alternative products are unavailable or unable to be substituted after appropriate evaluation. NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 7 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 3 BP 345 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.02.002 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CG2IF UT WOS:000353097400007 PM 25747543 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY Lorber, M Ye, XY Calafat, AM AF Christensen, Krista L. Y. Lorber, Matthew Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. TI Reconstruction of bisphenol A intake using a simple pharmacokinetic model SO Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology LA English DT Article DE biomonitoring; BPA; exposure; metabolism; pharmacokinetic ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN EXPOSURE; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; SAMPLES; VARIABILITY; ROUTE; NONYLPHENOL; HUMANS; PAPER AB Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the manufacture of a range of consumer products, and human biomonitoring studies suggest that exposure to BPA is nearly ubiquitous. We constructed and calibrated a simple pharmacokinetic model to predict urinary concentrations of BPA based on a known initial dose. This descriptive (rather than physiologically based) model has three compartments: "stomach/liver,'' "blood,'' and "bladder.'' We calibrated and validated the model parameters using blood and urine measurements from nine volunteers who consumed 5mg of d(16)-BPA. We then applied the model to a second group of eight persons, who supplied full volumes of urine over 7 consecutive days and a diary identifying times and types of food and beverage consumed, to "reconstruct'' the time and mass of BPA intakes. These reconstructed daily intakes ranged on average from 60 to 100 ng/kg-day, within the range of, but slightly higher than, those surmised from other studies. About two-thirds of intakes occurred within an hour of reported food or drink consumption, supporting the hypothesis that diet is the main pathway of exposure to BPA. However, one-third of all reconstructed intakes took place outside this time window, suggesting that other sources of BPA exposure may also be relevant. C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Y.; Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Christensen, KLY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mailcode 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 3 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.81 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CG6JF UT WOS:000353405500002 PM 24252884 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Hubin-Barrows, D Billa, N Highland, TL Hockett, JR Mount, DR Norberg-King, TJ Hawthorne, S Miller, DJ Grabanski, CB AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Hubin-Barrows, Dylan Billa, Nanditha Highland, Terry L. Hockett, James R. Mount, David R. Norberg-King, Teresa J. Hawthorne, Steven Miller, David J. Grabanski, Carol B. TI Sediment Bioaccumulation Test with Lumbriculus variegatus: Effects of Feeding SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; TOXICITY TESTS; WATER; OLIGOCHAETE; FIELD; RESIDUES AB Standard sediment-bioaccumulation test methods specify that Lumbriculus variegatus should not be fed during the 28-day exposure. This lack of feeding can lead to decreases in L. variegatus weight and lipid content during the 28-day exposure period. Differences in intrinsic nutritional content of sediments could lead to additional variability in organism performance and/or contaminant uptake. To evaluate the potential benefits of feeding, sediment-bioaccumulation tests were performed comparing treatments with and without supplemental feeding with tropical fish food and also comparing performance food introduced as blended slurry versus fine flakes. The ration of food provided had to be limited to 6 mg/300-mL beaker with 250 mg of L. variegatus (ww) receiving three feedings per week to maintain acceptable dissolved oxygen (DO) in the test chambers. Relative weight change during exposure varied across sediments in the absence of food from very little change to as much as a 40 % decrease from starting weight. Feeding slurry and flake foods increased the total weight of recovered organisms by 32 and 48 %, respectively, but they did not decrease variability in weight changes across sediments. Lipid contents of the organisms decreased similarly across all feeding treatments during the test. At test termination, lipid contents of L. variegatus across unfed, slurry-fed, and flake-fed treatments were not significantly different per Tukey's honest significant difference test with 95 % family-wise confidence. Feeding resulted in polychlorinated biphenyl residues in L. variegatus being generally slightly less (median 78 %) and slightly greater (median 135 %) than the unfed treatments with slurry and flake formulated foods, respectively. C1 [Burkhard, Lawrence P.; Hubin-Barrows, Dylan; Billa, Nanditha; Highland, Terry L.; Hockett, James R.; Mount, David R.; Norberg-King, Teresa J.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Hawthorne, Steven; Miller, David J.; Grabanski, Carol B.] Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 68 IS 4 BP 696 EP 706 DI 10.1007/s00244-015-0148-5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CF1GP UT WOS:000352292800010 PM 25796613 ER PT J AU McSharry, C Vesper, S Wymer, L Howieson, S Chaudhuri, R Wright, GR Thomson, NC AF McSharry, C. Vesper, S. Wymer, L. Howieson, S. Chaudhuri, R. Wright, G. R. Thomson, N. C. TI Decreased FEV1% in asthmatic adults in Scottish homes with high Environmental Relative Moldiness Index values SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY LA English DT Article DE adults; asthma; ERMI; FEV1%; lung function ID LUNG-FUNCTION DECLINE; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; CHILDREN; ENDOTOXIN; ALLERGEN; SENSITIZATION; COMMUNITY; EXPOSURE; RHINITIS; COHORT AB BackgroundExposures to indoor biological contaminants have been implicated in asthma's aetiology but their effect on lung function is not well quantified. ObjectiveThe aim of this cross-sectional study of non-smoking, asthmatic adults in Scotland was to determine the correlation between the results from a standard spirometry test, forced expiratory volume in one-second percent (FEV1%), and quantitative estimates of some biological exposures. MethodsA population (n=55) of non-smoking, adult asthmatics in Scotland was included in this study and each completed a questionnaire that allowed the determination of the Asthma Control Questionnaire scores (ACQ) and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire scores (SGRQ), as well as corticosteroid use. Spirometry testing was completed and the pre-bronchodilator FEV1% value calculated. At about the same time, floor dust samples were collected in the living room and in the bedroom. These dust samples were analysed for mould contamination, as described by the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) values and by (1, 3)--D-glucan concentrations, for endotoxin, and for dust mite, cat, and dog allergen concentrations. The asthmatics' FEV1% values were tested for correlation (Pearson) to questionnaire-based estimates of health. Also, each biological exposure was tested for correlation (Pearson) to the FEV1% values. ResultsFEV(1)% results were correlated with ACQ scores ( -0.586, P<0.001), SGRQ scores ( -0.313, P=0.020), and weakly with corticosteroid use ( -0.221, P=0.105). The ERMI values in the homes (average 5.3) were significantly correlated with FEV1% values ( -0.378, P=0.004). There was no correlation between FEV1% and concentrations of endotoxin, (1, 3)--D-glucan, or any of the allergens. Conclusion and clinical relevanceAlthough these results do not prove that mould exposures caused the deficit in lung function observed in this study, it might be advisable for asthmatics to avoid high ERMI environments. C1 [McSharry, C.; Chaudhuri, R.; Wright, G. R.; Thomson, N. C.] Univ Glasgow, Inst Infect Immun & Inflammat, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland. [Vesper, S.; Wymer, L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Howieson, S.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Architecture & Bldg Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP McSharry, C (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Inst Infect Immun & Inflammat, Room B340,Sir Graeme Davies Bldg,120 Univ Pl, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland. EM Charles.McSharry@glasgow.ac.uk RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 FU MRC, UK; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES55545] FX We thank Teresa Ruby for preparation of the figure, Miss Lisa Jolly and Mrs Iona Donnelly for laboratory biomarker measurements, the Lanarkshire GPs and practice staff for their help with patient recruitment, and the study participants and their families for their helpful participation. The original study [17] was funded by MRC, UK. The development of the Multiplex Array for Indoor Allergens (MARIA) has been supported in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Small Business Innovation Research contract ES55545. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0954-7894 EI 1365-2222 J9 CLIN EXP ALLERGY JI Clin. Exp. Allergy PD MAY PY 2015 VL 45 IS 5 BP 902 EP 907 DI 10.1111/cea.12482 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA CG1QJ UT WOS:000353048000008 PM 25580663 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Lobdell, DT Wright, CW Gocheva, VV Hudgens, E Bowler, RM AF Kim, Yangho Lobdell, Danelle T. Wright, Chris W. Gocheva, Vihra V. Hudgens, Edward Bowler, Rosemarie M. TI Blood Metal Concentrations of Manganese, Lead, and Cadmium in Relation to Serum Ferritin Levels in Ohio Residents SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ferritin; Iron deficiency; Bradykinesia; Manganese; Cadmium; Lead ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; KOREAN NATIONAL-HEALTH; IRON-DEFICIENCY; GENERAL-POPULATION; TRACE-ELEMENTS; WOMEN ANALYSIS; BODY BURDEN; ABSORPTION; CHILDREN; EXPOSURE AB The objectives of this study were to assess ferritin-specific profiles of blood metal concentrations such as manganese, lead, and cadmium and to evaluate whether ferritin may affect the behavior of the blood metals in relation to menstruation, menopause, or sex in Ohio residents. Recruited participants included residents from Marietta, East Liverpool, and Mt. Vernon, OH, USA, who were aged 30-75 years and lived at least 10 years in their respective town. The levels of the neurotoxic metals such as manganese, cadmium, and lead were assayed in whole blood. Serum was analyzed for ferritin level [as a biomarker of iron (Fe) status]. An association between blood metal concentrations and independent variables (age, serum ferritin, manganese exposure status, and sex) by multiple regression analysis was assessed, controlling for various covariates such as BMI, educational level, smoking, and alcohol drinking status. Overall, the geometric means of blood manganese, cadmium, and lead levels of all participants (n = 276) were 9.307 mu g/L, 0.393 mu g/L, and 1.276 mu g/dL, respectively. Log serum ferritin concentrations were inversely associated with log blood manganese concentration (beta = -0.061 log ferritin and beta = 0.146 categorical ferritin) and log blood cadmium concentrations (beta = -0.090 log ferritin and beta = 0.256 categorical ferritin). Log serum ferritin concentrations were not associated with log blood lead concentrations. Variables of age, sex, and exposure status were not associated with log manganese concentrations; however, log blood cadmium concentrations were higher in older population, women, and smokers. Log blood lead concentrations were higher in older population, men, and postmenopausal women. Our study showed that iron deficiency is associated with increased levels of blood manganese and cadmium, but not blood lead, in Ohio residents. These metals showed different toxicokinetics in relation to age, sex, and menopausal status despite similar relationships between ferritin and metal concentrations. C1 [Kim, Yangho] Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Ulsan Univ Hosp, Ulsan 682060, South Korea. [Lobdell, Danelle T.; Hudgens, Edward] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wright, Chris W.; Gocheva, Vihra V.; Bowler, Rosemarie M.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Bowler, RM (reprint author), 8371 Kent Dr, El Cerrito, CA 94530 USA. EM rbowl@sfsu.edu FU Ohio Department of Health, Bureau of Environmental Health; US Environmental Protection Agency [83416001]; EPA [EP-11-D-000424, EP-13-D-000146] FX Special thanks are given to Dr. Harry Roels for his input and assistance with planning and carrying out of this study and his availability for overseeing the collection and shipping of the blood samples. Also acknowledged for valuable support to this study are the Ohio Department of Health, Bureau of Environmental Health (Greg Stein, Robert Frey); gratitude is expressed to the Health Commissioners in the three towns: Marietta, Ms. Kathleen Meckstroh; Mt. Vernon, Mr. Dennis Murry; and East Liverpool, Ms. Jelayne Dray. East Liverpool City Hospital is thanked for generously providing an experienced phlebotomist. Judy Richards is thanked for her assistance in analyzing the serum samples for ferritin at the US EPA Core Laboratory, and we are thanking Dr. Kathleen Caldwell and Dr. Eric Sampson at the Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, for the blood collection supplies and for analyzing the blood metals of manganese, cadmium, and lead. Most of all, we thank the study participants for their invaluable contribution to the knowledge gained from this investigation. The research described in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement number 83416001 to San Francisco State University and EPA contracts EP-11-D-000424 and EP-13-D-000146. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 EI 1559-0720 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 165 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1007/s12011-014-0223-1 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CF6DM UT WOS:000352646900001 PM 25578336 ER PT J AU Wathen, JB Lazorchak, JM Olsen, AR Batt, A AF Wathen, John B. Lazorchak, James M. Olsen, Anthony R. Batt, Angela TI A national statistical survey assessment of mercury concentrations in fillets of fish collected in the U.S. EPA national rivers and streams assessment of the continental USA (vol 122, pg 52, 2015) SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Correction C1 [Wathen, John B.] US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.; Batt, Angela] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, ORD Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Wathen, JB (reprint author), US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, 1200 Penn Ave,NW MC4305T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM wathen.john@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2015 VL 127 BP 143 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.030 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF6IH UT WOS:000352659900018 ER PT J AU Fry, B Justic, D Riekenberg, P Swenson, EM Turner, RE Wang, LX Pride, L Rabalais, NN Kurtz, JC Lehrter, JC Murrell, MC Shadwick, EH Boyd, B AF Fry, Brian Justic, Dubravko Riekenberg, Philip Swenson, Erick M. Turner, R. Eugene Wang, Lixia Pride, Lora Rabalais, Nancy N. Kurtz, Janis C. Lehrter, John C. Murrell, Michael C. Shadwick, Elizabeth H. Boyd, Brandon TI Carbon Dynamics on the Louisiana Continental Shelf and Cross-Shelf Feeding of Hypoxia SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Hypoxia; Continental shelf; Budgets; POC; DIC; Net ecosystem metabolism ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; ATCHAFALAYA RIVER; COASTAL CURRENT; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; BOTTOM-WATER; FRESH-WATER; EUTROPHICATION; PHYTOPLANKTON AB Large-scale hypoxia regularly develops during the summer on the Louisiana continental shelf. Traditionally, hypoxia has been linked to the vast winter and spring nutrient inputs from the Mississippi River and its distributary, the Atchafalaya River. However, recent studies indicate that much of the shelf ecosystem is heterotrophic. We used data from five late July shelfwide cruises from 2006 to 2010 to examine carbon and oxygen production and identify net autotrophic areas of phytoplankton growth on the Louisiana shelf. During these summer times of moderate river flows, shelfwide pH and particulate organic carbon (POC) consistently showed strong signals for net autotrophy in low salinity (< 25) waters near the river mouths. There was substantial POC removal via grazing and sedimentation in near-river regions, with 66-85 % of POC lost from surface waters in the low and mid-salinity ranges without producing strong respiration signals in surface waters. This POC removal in nearshore environments indicates highly efficient algal retention by the shelf ecosystem. Updated carbon export calculations for local estuaries and a preliminary shelfwide carbon budget agree with older concepts that offshore hypoxia is linked strongly to nutrient loading from the Mississippi River, but a new emphasis on cross-shelf dynamics emerged in this research. Cross-shelf transects indicated that river-influenced nearshore waters < 15 m deep are strong sources of net carbon production, with currents and wave-induced resuspension likely transporting this POC offshore to fuel hypoxia in adjacent mid-shelf bottom waters. C1 [Fry, Brian; Justic, Dubravko; Riekenberg, Philip; Swenson, Erick M.; Turner, R. Eugene; Wang, Lixia] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Fry, Brian] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. [Pride, Lora; Rabalais, Nancy N.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA. [Kurtz, Janis C.; Lehrter, John C.; Murrell, Michael C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Shadwick, Elizabeth H.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Boyd, Brandon] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Lewes, DE 19958 USA. RP Fry, B (reprint author), Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. EM b.fry@griffith.edu.au FU NOAA MULTISTRESS [16OP2670]; NOAA Coastal Ocean Program [NA06NOS4780141, NA09NOS4780204]; NOAA [412 NA06OAR4320264 06111039] FX The captain and crew of the R.V. Pelican and Anandita Das helped in collecting the shelfwide samples. Charles S. Milan performed the nutrient analyses. EPA scientists and the captain and crew of the O.S.V. Bold made possible high-resolution studies of POM composition during April 2007. This work was supported by NOAA MULTISTRESS award 16OP2670, by NOAA Coastal Ocean Program grants NA06NOS4780141 and NA09NOS4780204, and NOAA grant 412 NA06OAR4320264 06111039 to the Northern Gulf Institute. This is a CSCOR NGOMEX09 publication no. 197. NR 92 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAY PY 2015 VL 38 IS 3 BP 703 EP 721 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9863-9 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE1ZY UT WOS:000351613100001 ER PT J AU Wang, P Wang, H Linker, L AF Wang, Ping Wang, Harry Linker, Lewis TI Relative Importance of Nutrient Load and Wind on Regulating Interannual Summer Hypoxia in the Chesapeake Bay SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Hypoxia and anoxia; Nutrient load; Freshwater discharge; Wind speed; Wind direction; Destratification; Chesapeake Bay ID STRATIFICATION; MODULATION; SEDIMENT; ESTUARY; TRENDS AB To analyze the correlations of summer anoxia/hypoxia in the Chesapeake Bay with watershed input and wind conditions, statistics were applied to nearly three decades of monitoring data. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariate regression analysis, and cluster analysis indicate that anoxia/hypoxia has a strong positive correlation with nutrient load and a moderate negative correlation with wind speed. Physical relationships among the relevant constituents were analyzed. Nutrient loads and the subsequent decay of organic matter are the primary factors that control the oxygen demand causing summer anoxia and hypoxia, while episodic wind can partially erode stratification and reduce anoxia/hypoxia. Although the extent of anoxia/hypoxia reduction differs with wind direction, higher wind speeds result in more destratification and anoxia/hypoxia reduction than lower wind speeds and are more important than the effect of wind direction. The influences of freshwater discharge, stratification, and temperature were also analyzed. Computer modeling results were used to obtain dissolved oxygen conditions at finer temporal and spatial scales to supplement the scattered and discrete observations from monitoring stations and for better understanding of anoxia/hypoxia development under episodic wind events. C1 [Wang, Ping; Wang, Harry] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester, VA 23062 USA. [Linker, Lewis] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester, VA 23062 USA. EM pwang@chesapeakebay.net NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAY PY 2015 VL 38 IS 3 BP 1048 EP 1061 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9867-5 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE1ZY UT WOS:000351613100026 ER PT J AU Wang, P Wang, H Linker, L AF Wang, Ping Wang, Harry Linker, Lewis TI Relative Importance of Nutrient Load and Wind on Regulating Interannual Summer Hypoxia in the Chesapeake Bay (vol 38, pg 1048, 2015) SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Correction C1 [Wang, Ping; Wang, Harry] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester, VA 23062 USA. [Linker, Lewis] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester, VA 23062 USA. EM pwang@chesapeakebay.net NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAY PY 2015 VL 38 IS 3 BP 1097 EP 1098 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9878-2 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE1ZY UT WOS:000351613100030 ER PT J AU Brown, RA Borst, M AF Brown, Robert A. Borst, Michael TI Quantifying evaporation in a permeable pavement system SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE evaporation; permeable pavement; permeable interlocking concrete pavers; pervious concrete; porous asphalt; green infrastructure; stormwater control measure; stormwater ID EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; QUALITY; PERFORMANCE; QUANTITY; CONCRETE; SURFACES; ASPHALT; CLIMATE; ROOF AB Studies quantifying evaporation from permeable pavement systems are limited to a few laboratory studies and one field application. This research quantifies evaporation for a larger field application by measuring the water balance from lined permeable pavement sections. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 0.4ha parking lot in Edison, NJ, that incorporated three different permeable pavement types in the parking lanes - permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC) and porous asphalt (PA). An impermeable liner installed 0.4m below the surface in four 11.6m by 4.74m sections per each pavement type captures all infiltrating water and routes it to collection tanks that can contain events up to 38mm. Each section has a design impervious area to permeable pavement area ratio of 0.66:1. Pressure transducers installed in the underdrain collection tanks measured water level for 24months. Level was converted to volume using depth-to-volume ratios for individual collection tanks. Using a water balance approach, the measured infiltrate volume was compared to rainfall volume on an event basis to determine the rainfall retained in the pavement strata and underlying aggregate. Interevent evaporation created additional storage in the pavement and aggregate layers. Events were divided into three groups based on antecedent dry period (ADP) and three 4 month groups of potential evaporation based on historical monthly pan evaporation records. There was a significant difference in rainfall retained among the various combinations of ADP and potential evaporation groups. More rainfall was retained in the pavement and aggregate layers as time between events increased and during warmer months with larger potential evaporation. Average cumulative evaporation from the permeable pavement sections for 134 rainfall events in 24months was 5.2% of the cumulative rainfall volume, and the range was 2.4-7.6%. Each PC section had more annual evaporation than any individual PICP or PA section. While measureable, evaporation is a small contribution to the total water budget on an annual basis for these systems. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Brown, Robert A.; Borst, Michael] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Brown, RA (reprint author), US EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS 104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM Brown.Robert-A@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The parking lot was constructed as a cooperative project with EPA's Office of Administration and Resources Management and Region 2. The authors would like to thank Ms. Lisa Cherry and Ms. Aime Lonsdorf for organizing and analysing the water level and temperature data and PARS Environmental for providing on-site support. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD APR 30 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 9 BP 2100 EP 2111 DI 10.1002/hyp.10359 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CG2JP UT WOS:000353101000003 ER PT J AU Choi, H Lawal, W Al-Abed, SR AF Choi, Hyeok Lawal, Wasiu Al-Abed, Souhail R. TI Desorption, partitioning, and dechlorination characteristics of PCBs in sediments in interaction with reactive activated carbon SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Sediment; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Activated carbon; Palladized zerovalent iron; Fate and transport ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; IN-SITU SEQUESTRATION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; MASS-TRANSFER; STAGNANT CONTACT; PALLADIZED IRON; AMENDMENT; SORPTION; FATE AB Sediment (WHS) in Waukegan Harbor, Illinois, heavily contaminated and aged with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), was treated with reactive activated carbon (RAC) impregnated with palladized iron nanoparticles. Lab test proceeded in a direct mixing configuration of RAC and WHS. A compartment configuration, where RAC was physically separated from WHS, was also designed to trace the sequential transport and fate of PCBs, including desorption, adsorption, dechlorination, and re-partitioning. PCBs, once desorbed from WHS, were immediately sequestrated to RAC and subject to dechlorination. Direct mixing of WHS with RAC was one-order of magnitude more effective for dechlorination than compartment configuration. Compared to their desorption-followed by-adsorption route, direct physical contact of RAC with PCBs bound to WHS exhibited negligible contribution to the availability of PCBs for dechlorination reaction. Addition of RAC even in compartment configuration facilitated PCBs desorption from WHS. However, slow desorption of PCBs limited overall performance, resulting in a five-order of magnitude lower dechlorination yield when compared with treatment of purely aqueous PCBs. The low dechlorination yield reflected real world complexities in treating 3.19% organic carbon-containing WHS aged with PCBs for 40 years. These observations were further supported when compared with results on clean Cesar Creek sediment spiked with 2-chlorinated biphenyls. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Choi, Hyeok] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Choi, Hyeok; Lawal, Wasiu] Univ Texas Arlington, Environm & Earth Sci Program, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Choi, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, 416 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM hchoi@uta.edu FU Texas Water Resources Institute Graduate Student Program - U.S. Geological Survey [G11AP20108]; University of Texas at Arlington through the faculty startup fund; National Risk Management Research Laboratory of EPA FX This research was supported in part by the Texas Water Resources Institute Graduate Student Program sponsored by U.S. Geological Survey (G11AP20108), The University of Texas at Arlington through the faculty startup fund, and The National Risk Management Research Laboratory of EPA. The authors greatly appreciate Norit Americas Inc., for donation of the activated carbon. This paper has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD APR 28 PY 2015 VL 287 BP 118 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.034 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG2FG UT WOS:000353089700015 PM 25636140 ER PT J AU Bjorkland, RH Pearson, SF Jeffries, SJ Lance, MM Acevedo-Gutierrez, A Ward, EJ AF Bjorkland, Rhema H. Pearson, Scott F. Jeffries, Steve J. Lance, Monique M. Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro Ward, Eric J. TI Stable isotope mixing models elucidate sex and size effects on the diet of a generalist marine predator SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Stable isotopes; Bayesian mixing model; Harbor seal; Phoca vitulina; Pinniped; Salish Sea ID TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; PRIOR INFORMATION; SCAT ANALYSIS; HABITAT USE; BODY-SIZE; SEALS; NITROGEN; CARBON; SEGREGATION; MASS AB We applied a 2-step clustering algorithm and Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to examine intraspecific differences in the contribution of prey sources to the diet and foraging habitat of harbor seals Phoca vitulina in the Salish Sea, USA. We analyzed stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen collected from 32 seals and 248 prey samples representing 18 of 25 of the most common seal prey items identified in seal scat. Stable isotope analyses identified significant harbor seal sex- and size-based differences in diet and foraging habitat use. In comparison to males, female harbor seals had a higher contribution of prey items that were more C-13-enriched. This result may indicate that females derived more of their delta C-13 value from nearshore versus offshore food webs, an explanation supported by movement data on this population. However, large seals of both sexes displayed a greater offshore signal in their diet, indicating that seal mass effects on foraging habitat use were somewhat independent of sex. Our work contributes to understanding trophic linkages between these generalist consumers and their prey. The foraging differences that we detected between male and female harbor seals present complex challenges for fisheries management and for the design of marine reserves. Many marine reserves in the Pacific Northwest are located in close proximity to seal haul-out sites. By lowering the energetic costs of foraging of females, these reserves may ultimately have the unintended effect of increasing individual fitness, population growth rate, and influencing future predator-induced mortality on endangered species. C1 [Bjorkland, Rhema H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Pearson, Scott F.; Jeffries, Steve J.; Lance, Monique M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Wildlife Sci Div, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Bjorkland, RH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bjorkland.rhema@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation Award [0550443]; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; NOAA Fisheries; National Research Council; MMPA Research [782-1702-00] FX We thank D. Lambourn, B. Murphie, J. Gould, T. Cyra, J. Gaydos, K. Reuland, S. Peterson, P. Olesiuk, and many others for their help capturing seals; R. Sweeting (Fisheries and Oceans Canada and RV 'Ricker'), S. O'Neill (NOAA), and G. Williams (NOAA) for providing fish samples; and A. Default (NOAA) and Western Washington University students for assistance processing fish samples. We also acknowledge the efforts and assistance of the anonymous reviewers in enhancing this manuscript. Harbor seal research activities were conducted under MMPA Research Permit 782-1702-00. Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation Award No. 0550443 (to A.A.) and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. R.H.B. was supported by NOAA Fisheries and the National Research Council. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 21 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD APR 22 PY 2015 VL 526 BP 213 EP 225 DI 10.3354/meps11230 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CH9ZJ UT WOS:000354394900017 ER PT J AU Lu, ZF Streets, DG Winijkul, E Yan, F Chen, YJ Bond, TC Feng, Y Dubey, MK Liu, S Pinto, JP Carmichael, GR AF Lu, Zifeng Streets, David G. Winijkul, Ekbordin Yan, Fang Chen, Yanju Bond, Tami C. Feng, Yan Dubey, Manvendra K. Liu, Shang Pinto, Joseph P. Carmichael, Gregory R. TI Light Absorption Properties and Radiative Effects of Primary Organic Aerosol Emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY PARTICLE EMISSIONS; BROWN CARBON AEROSOL; BLACK CARBON; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECTRAL DEPENDENCE; SOLAR-RADIATION; PARTICULATE MATTER; BIOMASS COMBUSTION; ANGSTROM EXPONENT; SUBSTANCES HULIS AB Organic aerosols (OAs) in the atmosphere affect Earth's energy budget by not only scattering but also absorbing solar radiation due to the presence of the so-called "brown carbon" (BrC) component. However, the absorptivities of OAs are not represented or are poorly represented in current climate and chemical transport models. In this study, we provide a method to constrain the BrC absorptivity at the emission inventory level using recent laboratory and field observations. We review available measurements of the light-absorbing primary OA (POA), and quantify the wavelength-dependent imaginary refractive indices (k(OA), the fundamental optical parameter determining the particle's absorptivity) and their uncertainties for the bulk POA emitted from biomass/biofuel, lignite, propane, and oil combustion sources. In particular, we parametrize the k(OA) of biomass/biofuel combustion sources as a function of the black carbon (BC)-to-OA ratio, indicating that the absorptive properties of POA depend strongly on burning conditions. The derived fuel-type-based k(OA) profiles are incorporated into a global carbonaceous aerosol emission inventory, and the integrated k(OA) values of sectoral and total POA emissions are presented. Results of a simple radiative transfer model show that the POA absorptivity warms the atmosphere significantly and leads to similar to 27% reduction in the amount of the net global average POA. cooling compared to results from the nonabsorbing assumption. C1 [Lu, Zifeng; Streets, David G.; Winijkul, Ekbordin; Yan, Fang] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chen, Yanju; Bond, Tami C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Feng, Yan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dubey, Manvendra K.; Liu, Shang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Pinto, Joseph P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Carmichael, Gregory R.] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Seamans Ctr 4133, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Lu, ZF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zlu@anl.gov RI Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Liu, Shang/F-9085-2011 OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Liu, Shang/0000-0002-3403-8651 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), Office of Science; USDOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; USDOE SC OBER ASR Grant [F265] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), Office of Science. We thank Ashley Williamson and Bob Vallario for their support. Argonne National Laboratory is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the USDOE. LANL thanks USDOE SC OBER ASR Grant F265 for support. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 8 U2 85 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 8 BP 4868 EP 4877 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00211 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG9BV UT WOS:000353610300011 PM 25811601 ER PT J AU Lakey, PSJ George, IJ Whalley, LK Baeza-Romero, MT Heard, DE AF Lakey, P. S. J. George, I. J. Whalley, L. K. Baeza-Romero, M. T. Heard, D. E. TI Measurements of the HO2 Uptake Coefficients onto Single Component Organic Aerosols SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARIZONA TEST DUST; AMMONIUM-SULFATE; HUMIC-LIKE; PARTICULATE MATTER; HETEROGENEOUS LOSS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; RADICALS; OH; PARTICLES AB Measurements of HO2 uptake coefficients (gamma) were made onto a variety of organic aerosols derived from glutaric acid, glyoxal, malonic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, squalene, monoethanol amine sulfate, monomethyl amine sulfate, and two sources of humic acid, for an initial HO2 concentration of 1 x 10(9) molecules cm(-3), room temperature and at atmospheric pressure. Values in the range of gamma < 0.004 to gamma = 0.008 +/- 0.004 were measured for all of the aerosols apart from the aerosols from the two sources of humic acid. For humic acid aerosols, uptake coefficients in the range of gamma = 0.007 +/- 0.002 to gamma = 0.09 +/- 0.03 were measured. Elevated concentrations of copper (16 +/- 1 and 380 +/- 20 ppb) and iron (600 +/- 30 and 51 000 +/- 3000 ppb) ions were measured in the humic acid atomizer solutions compared to the other organics that can explain the higher uptake values measured. A strong dependence upon relative humidity was also observed for uptake onto humic acid, with larger uptake coefficients seen at higher humidities. Possible hypotheses for the humidity dependence include the changing liquid water content of the aerosol, a change in the mass accommodation coefficient or in the Henrys law constant. C1 [Lakey, P. S. J.; Whalley, L. K.; Heard, D. E.] Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [George, I. J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Whalley, L. K.; Heard, D. E.] Univ Leeds, Natl Ctr Atmospher Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Baeza-Romero, M. T.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Escuela Ingn Ind Toledo, Toledo 45071, Spain. RP Heard, DE (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM d.e.heard@leeds.ac.uk FU National Environment Research Council [NE/F020651/1]; NERC FX This work was supported by the National Environment Research Council under grant NE/F020651/1. P.S.J.L. is grateful to NERC for the award of a studentship. L.K.W. and D.E.H. are also grateful to the NERC funded National Centre for Atmospheric Science for ongoing support. We also thank Lavinia Onel of the University of Leeds for providing the MEA-H2SO4 and MMS solutions and Adrian Cunliffe of the University of Leeds for measuring the copper and iron ion concentrations within the atomiser solutions. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 8 BP 4878 EP 4885 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00948 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG9BV UT WOS:000353610300012 PM 25811311 ER PT J AU Frick, A Suzuki, OT Benton, C Parks, B Fedoriw, Y Richards, KL Thomasz, RS Wiltshire, T AF Frick, Amber Suzuki, Oscar T. Benton, Cristina Parks, Bethany Fedoriw, Yuri Richards, Kristy L. Thomasz, Russell S. Wiltshire, Tim TI Identifying genes that mediate anthracyline toxicity in immune cells SO FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pharmacogenomics; genome-wide association studies; candidate genes; amyloid precursor protein; anthracyclines; immune cells ID AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; INBRED MICE; CANCER; EXPRESSION; MOUSE; IMMUNOTHERAPY; CYTOTOXICITY; SUBFAMILIES; PATHWAYS AB The role of the immune system in response to chemotherapeutic agents remains elusive. The interpatient variability observed in immune and chemotherapeutic cytotoxic responses is likely, at least in part, due to complex genetic differences. Through the use of a panel of genetically diverse mouse inbred strains, we developed a drug screening platform aimed at identifying genes underlying these chemotherapeutic cytotoxic effects on immune cells. Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified four genome-wide significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contributed to the sensitivity of doxorubicin and idarubicin in immune cells. Of particular interest, a locus on chromosome 16 was significantly associated with cell viability following idarubicin administration (p = 5.01 x 10-(8)). Within this QTL lies App, which encodes amyloid beta precursor protein. Comparison of dose-response curves verified that T-cells in App knockout mice were more sensitive to idarubicin than those of C57BL16J control mice (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the cellular screening approach coupled with GWAS led to the identification and subsequent validation of a gene involved in T-cell viability after idarubicin treatment. Previous studies have suggested a role for App in in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity to anticancer agents; the overexpression of App enhances resistance, while the knockdown of this gene is deleterious to cell viability. Further investigations should include performing mechanistic studies, validating additional genes from the GWAS, including Ppfia1 and Ppfibp1, and ultimately translating the findings to in vivo and human studies. C1 [Frick, Amber; Suzuki, Oscar T.; Benton, Cristina; Wiltshire, Tim] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. [Parks, Bethany; Thomasz, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fedoriw, Yuri] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. [Fedoriw, Yuri; Richards, Kristy L.; Wiltshire, Tim] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. [Richards, Kristy L.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. [Thomasz, Russell S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Frick, A (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, Genetic Med Bldg,120 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. EM adfrick@email.unc.edu OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute; National Center for Research Resources; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [UL1TR000083]; Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Foundation Pre Doctoral Fellowship in Pharmacology/Toxicology FX The project described was supported by the North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute and the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant Award Number UL1TR000083. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. This project was also supported by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Foundation Pre Doctoral Fellowship in Pharmacology/Toxicology. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1663-9812 J9 FRONT PHARMACOL JI Front. Pharmacol. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 62 DI 10.3389/fphar.2015.00062 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CG0CE UT WOS:000352933400001 PM 25926793 ER PT J AU Li, XJ Wang, DW Chen, Z Lu, EM Wang, Z Duan, JJ Tian, W Wang, Y You, LJ Zou, YL Cheng, Y Zhu, QY Wan, XJ Xi, T Birnbaumerd, L Yang, Y AF Li, Xianjing Wang, Duowei Chen, Zhen Lu, Ermei Wang, Zhuo Duan, Jingjing Tian, Wei Wang, Yun You, Linjun Zou, Yulian Cheng, Yan Zhu, Qingyi Wan, Xiaojian Xi, Tao Birnbaumerd, Lutz Yang, Yong TI G alpha(i1) and G alpha(i3) regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE G alpha(i1); G alpha(i3); macrophage polarization; Toll-like receptor 4; endosome ID HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEINS; NF-KAPPA-B; IN-VIVO; ACTIVATION; KINASE; BETA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ENDOCYTOSIS; TOLERANCE; CYTOKINES AB Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (G alpha(i1/3)) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, G alpha(i1/3) form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. G alpha(i1/3) deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). G alpha(i1/3) knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (G alpha(i1/3) KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincidedwith decreased Akt activation. Further, G alpha(i1/3) deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, G alpha(i1/3) were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that G alpha(i1/3) can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. C1 [Li, Xianjing; Wang, Duowei; Chen, Zhen; Lu, Ermei; Wang, Zhuo; Duan, Jingjing; Tian, Wei; Wang, Yun; You, Linjun; Zou, Yulian; Cheng, Yan; Xi, Tao; Yang, Yong] China Pharmaceut Univ, State Key Lab Nat Med, Jiangsu Key Lab Drug Discovery Metab Dis, Ctr New Drug Safety Evaluat & Res, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Qingyi] Jiangsu Prov Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Urol, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wan, Xiaojian] Second Mil Med Univ, Changhai Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Birnbaumerd, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Birnbaumerd, L (reprint author), China Pharmaceut Univ, State Key Lab Nat Med, Jiangsu Key Lab Drug Discovery Metab Dis, Ctr New Drug Safety Evaluat & Res, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM birbau1@gmail.com; yy@cpu.edu.cn FU NIH Intramural Research Program Project [Z01 ES101643]; National Science Foundation of China [81473230, 81403020, 81273547, 91129731]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2012025, BK2011632] FX This work was supported in part by NIH Intramural Research Program Project Z01 ES101643 (to L.B.); National Science Foundation of China Grants 81473230, 81403020, 81273547, and 91129731; and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Grants BK2012025 and BK2011632. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 24 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 14 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 15 BP 4731 EP 4736 DI 10.1073/pnas.1503779112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF9BO UT WOS:000352856800062 PM 25825741 ER PT J AU Davis, JA Burgoon, LD AF Davis, J. Allen Burgoon, Lyle D. TI Can Data Science Inform Environmental Justice and Community Risk Screening for Type 2 Diabetes? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; JAPANESE POPULATION; CHINESE POPULATION; GENETIC-VARIANTS; SLC30A8 RS13266634; COMMON VARIANTS; POLYMORPHISMS; IGF2BP2; CDKAL1; LOCI AB Background Having the ability to scan the entire country for potential "hotspots" with increased risk of developing chronic diseases due to various environmental, demographic, and genetic susceptibility factors may inform risk management decisions and enable better environmental public health policies. Objectives Develop an approach for community-level risk screening focused on identifying potential genetic susceptibility hotpots. Methods Our approach combines analyses of phenotype-genotype data, genetic prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms, and census/geographic information to estimate census tract-level population attributable risks among various ethnicities and total population for the state of California. Results We estimate that the rs13266634 single nucleotide polymorphism, a type 2 diabetes susceptibility genotype, has a genetic prevalence of 56.3%, 47.4% and 37.0% in Mexican Mestizo, Caucasian, and Asian populations. Looking at the top quintile for total population attributable risk, 16 California counties have greater than 25% of their population living in hotspots of genetic susceptibility for developing type 2 diabetes due to this single genotypic susceptibility factor. Conclusions This study identified counties in California where large portions of the population may bear additional type 2 diabetes risk due to increased genetic prevalence of a susceptibility genotype. This type of screening can easily be extended to include information on environmental contaminants of interest and other related diseases, and potentially enables the rapid identification of potential environmental justice communities. Other potential uses of this approach include problem formulation in support of risk assessments, land use planning, and prioritization of site cleanup and remediation actions. C1 [Davis, J. Allen; Burgoon, Lyle D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Davis, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM davis.allen@epa.gov OI Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 14 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0121855 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121855 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG1EB UT WOS:000353014700011 PM 25875676 ER PT J AU Wade, TJ Xia, YJ Mumford, J Wu, KG Le, XC Sams, E Sanders, WE AF Wade, Timothy J. Xia, Yajuan Mumford, Judy Wu, Kegong Le, X. Chris Sams, Elizabeth Sanders, William E. TI Cardiovascular disease and arsenic exposure in Inner Mongolia, China: a case control study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Cardiovascular disease; China; Drinking water ID ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; BLADDER-CANCER MORTALITY; ARTESIAN WELL WATER; DRINKING-WATER; BLACKFOOT DISEASE; QT INTERVAL; CARDIAC REPOLARIZATION; HYPERENDEMIC VILLAGES; MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS AB Background: Millions of people are at risk from the adverse effects of arsenic exposure through drinking water. Increasingly, non-cancer effects such as cardiovascular disease have been associated with drinking water arsenic exposures. However, most studies have been conducted in highly exposed populations and lacked individual measurements. Objective: To evaluate the association between cardiovascular disease and well-water arsenic exposure. Methods: We conducted a hospital based case control study in Inner Mongolia, China. Cases and controls were prospectively identified and enrolled from a large hospital in the Hangjin Hou area. Cases were patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and controls were patients free from cardiovascular disease, admitted for conditions unrelated to arsenic exposure. Water from the primary water source and toenail samples were collected from each subject and tested for inorganic arsenic. Results: Arsenic exposures were moderate with mean and median arsenic exposures of 8.9 mu g/L and 13.1 mu g/L, respectively. A total of 298 cases and 275 controls were enrolled. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for a 10 mu g/L increase in water arsenic were 1.19 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.38). Compared to exposures less than 10 mu g/L, the AOR for water arsenic exposures above 40 mu g/L was 4.05 (95% CI: 1.1-14.99, p = 0.04). Nail arsenic above 1.38 mu g/g was also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: By using standardized case definitions and collecting individual measurements of arsenic, this study addressed several limitations of previous studies. The results provide further evidence of the association between cardiovascular disease and arsenic at moderate exposures. C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Mumford, Judy; Sams, Elizabeth] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Xia, Yajuan; Wu, Kegong] Inner Mongolia Ctr Endem Dis Control & Res, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. [Le, X. Chris] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Sanders, William E.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Wade, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM wade.tim@epa.gov RI Le, X. Chris/O-4947-2015 OI Le, X. Chris/0000-0002-7690-6701 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank the Inner Mongolia Center for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention in Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, the Inner Mongolia Anti-Epidemic Station in Hangjin Hou, Inner Mongolia for their assistance collecting data. We would also like to thank North Carolina State Department of Nuclear Engineering, in particular Mr. Scott Lassell, for analysis of nail samples. This work was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD APR 12 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 35 DI 10.1186/s12940-015-0022-y PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CG5ZL UT WOS:000353374300001 PM 25889926 ER PT J AU Turner, MD Henze, DK Hakami, A Zhao, SL Resler, J Carmichael, GR Stanier, CO Baek, J Sandu, A Russell, AG Nenes, A Jeong, GR Capps, SL Percell, PB Pinder, RW Napelenok, SL Bash, JO Chai, TF AF Turner, Matthew D. Henze, Daven K. Hakami, Amir Zhao, Shunliu Resler, Jaroslav Carmichael, Gregory R. Stanier, Charles O. Baek, Jaemeen Sandu, Adrian Russell, Armistead G. Nenes, Athanasios Jeong, Gill-Ran Capps, Shannon L. Percell, Peter B. Pinder, Rob W. Napelenok, Sergey L. Bash, Jesse O. Chai, Tianfeng TI Differences Between Magnitudes and Health Impacts of BC Emissions Across the United States Using 12 km Scale Seasonal Source Apportionment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADJOINT SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; AIR-QUALITY MODEL; BLACK CARBON; CARDIOPULMONARY MORTALITY; DATA ASSIMILATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PUBLIC-HEALTH AB Recent assessments have analyzed the health impacts of PM2.5 from emissions from different locations and sectors using simplified or reduced-form air quality models. Here we present an alternative approach using the adjoint of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, which provides sourcereceptor relationships at highly resolved sectoral, spatial, and temporal scales. While damage resulting from anthropogenic emissions of BC is strongly correlated with population and premature death, we found little correlation between damage and emission magnitude, suggesting that controls on the largest emissions may not be the most efficient means of reducing damage resulting from anthropogenic BC emissions. Rather, the best proxy for locations with damaging BC emissions is locations where premature deaths occur. Onroad diesel and nonroad vehicle emissions are the largest contributors to premature deaths attributed to exposure to BC, while onroad gasoline emissions cause the highest deaths per amount emitted. Emissions in fall and winter contribute to more premature deaths (and more per amount emitted) than emissions in spring and summer. Overall, these results show the value of the high-resolution source attribution for determining the locations, seasons, and sectors for which BC emission controls have the most effective health benefits. C1 [Turner, Matthew D.; Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hakami, Amir; Zhao, Shunliu] Carleton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Resler, Jaroslav] Inst Comp Sci, Nonlinear Modeling, Prague 18207, Czech Republic. [Carmichael, Gregory R.; Stanier, Charles O.; Baek, Jaemeen] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Sandu, Adrian] Virginia Tech, Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Russell, Armistead G.] Georgia Tech, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios; Jeong, Gill-Ran] Georgia Tech, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios; Capps, Shannon L.] Georgia Tech, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Percell, Peter B.] Univ Houston, Dept Geosci, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Capps, Shannon L.; Pinder, Rob W.; Napelenok, Sergey L.; Bash, Jesse O.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chai, Tianfeng] Univ Maryland, Coll Comp Math & Nat Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chai, Tianfeng] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Jeong, Gill-Ran] Korea Inst Atmospher Predict Syst, Seoul 156849, South Korea. RP Turner, MD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM matthew.d.turner@colorado.edu RI Chai, Tianfeng/E-5577-2010; Resler, Jaroslav/E-6097-2014; Stanier, Charles/D-4307-2016; Capps, Shannon/E-5602-2017; OI Chai, Tianfeng/0000-0003-3520-2641; Stanier, Charles/0000-0001-9924-0853; Capps, Shannon/0000-0002-6872-6604; Capps, Shannon/0000-0003-4274-887X; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 FU NASA Applied Sciences Program [NNX09AN77G] FX This research was supported by NASA Applied Sciences Program grant NNX09AN77G. This paper has been subjected to the United States Environmental Protection Agency's administrative review and approved for publication but solely reflects the views of the authors. Shannon L. Capps was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, administered by ORISE. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 7 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 7 BP 4362 EP 4371 DI 10.1021/es505968b PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF6HY UT WOS:000352659000043 PM 25729920 ER PT J AU Farkas, CM Moeller, MD Felder, FA Baker, KR Rodgers, M Carlton, AG AF Farkas, Caroline M. Moeller, Michael D. Felder, Frank A. Baker, Kirk R. Rodgers, Mark Carlton, Annmarie G. TI Temporalization of Peak Electric Generation Particulate Matter Emissions during High Energy Demand Days SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; US ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; CMAQ MODEL PERFORMANCE; AIR-QUALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LUNG-CANCER; POLLUTION; EXPOSURE AB Underprediction of peak ambient pollution by air quality models hinders development of effective strategies to protect health and welfare. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) model routinely underpredicts peak ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. Temporal misallocation of electricity sector emissions contributes to this modeling deficiency. Hourly emissions are created for CMAQ by use of temporal profiles applied to annual emission totals unless a source is matched to a continuous emissions monitor (CEM) in the National Emissions Inventory (NEI). More than 53% of CEMs in the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) electricity market and 45% nationally are unmatched in the 2008 NEI. For July 2006, a United States heat wave with high electricity demand, peak electric sector emissions, and elevated ambient PM2.5 mass, we match hourly emissions for 267 CEM/NEI pairs in PJM (approximately 49% and 12% of unmatched CEMs in PJM and nationwide) using state permits, electricity dispatch modeling and CEMs. Hourly emissions for individual facilities can differ up to 154% during the simulation when measurement data is used rather than default temporalization values. Maximum CMAQ PM2.5 mass, sulfate, and elemental carbon predictions increase up to 83%, 103%, and 310%, at the surface and 51%, 75%, and 38% aloft (800 mb), respectively. C1 [Farkas, Caroline M.; Moeller, Michael D.; Carlton, Annmarie G.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Felder, Frank A.] Rutgers State Univ, Bloustein Sch Planning & Publ Policy, Ctr Energy Econ & Environm Policy, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Baker, Kirk R.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rodgers, Mark] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Carlton, AG (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM carlton@envsci.rutgers.edu RI Carlton, Annmarie/A-7867-2011 OI Carlton, Annmarie/0000-0002-8574-1507 FU U.S. EPA STAR [83504101]; Rutgers Energy Institute (REI) FX The publication was made possible, in part, by a U.S. EPA STAR grant (83504101) and a Rutgers Energy Institute (REI) undergraduate scholarship. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the U.S. EPA. Furthermore, U.S. EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. We acknowledge useful contributions from Tonalee Key, George Pouliot, Bok Haeng Baek, Allan Beidler, James Beidler, and Chris Allen. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 7 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 7 BP 4696 EP 4704 DI 10.1021/es5050248 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF6HY UT WOS:000352659000083 PM 25705922 ER PT J AU King, KE AF King, Katherine E. TI A Comparison of Two Methods for Measuring Land Use in Public Health Research: Systematic Social Observation Versus Remote Sensing-Based Coded Aerial Photography SO SAGE OPEN LA English DT Article DE systematic social observation (SSO); neighborhood effects on health; land use; geographic information systems (GIS); intersource agreement; built environment ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; NEIGHBORHOOD; WALKABILITY; RELIABILITY; COMMUNITY; DISORDER; FORM AB Public health researchers have identified numerous health implications associated with land use. However, it is unclear which of multiple methods of data collection most accurately captures land use, and "gold standard" methods vary by discipline. Five desirable features of environmental data sources are presented and discussed (cost, coverage, availability, construct validity, and accuracy). Potential accuracy issues are discussed by using Kappa statistics to evaluate the level of agreement between data sets collected by two methods (systematic social observation [SSO] by trained raters and publicly available data from aerial photography coded using administrative records) from the same blocks in Chicago, Illinois. Significant Kappa statistics range from 0.19 to 0.60, indicating varying levels of intersource agreement. Most land uses are more likely to be reported by researcher-designed direct observation than in the publicly available data derived from aerial photography. However, when cost, coverage, and availability outweigh a marginal improvement in accuracy and flexibility in land-use categorization, coded aerial photography data may be a useful data source for health researchers. Greater interdisciplinary and interorganization collaboration in the production of ecological data is recommended to improve cost, coverage, availability, and accuracy, with implications for construct validity. C1 [King, Katherine E.] US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [King, Katherine E.] Duke Univ, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP King, KE (reprint author), US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM keking@umich.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 2158-2440 J9 SAGE OPEN JI SAGE Open PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 5 IS 2 AR 2158244015589438 DI 10.1177/2158244015589438 PG 9 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DC8NS UT WOS:000369476900101 ER PT J AU Chilakapati, J Wallace, K Hernandez-Zavala, A Moore, T Ren, HZ Kitchin, KT AF Chilakapati, Jaya Wallace, Kathleen Hernandez-Zavala, Araceli Moore, Tanya Ren, Hongzu Kitchin, Kirk T. TI Pharmacokinetic and Genomic Effects of Arsenite in Drinking Water on Mouse Lung in a 30-Day Exposure SO DOSE-RESPONSE LA English DT Article DE arsenic; mice; drinking water; genomics; dose response ID DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; GENE-EXPRESSION; INORGANIC ARSENICS; MAIN METABOLITE; METHYLATED ARSENICALS; TRIVALENT ARSENICALS; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; CELL-PROLIFERATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS AB The 2 objectives of this subchronic study were to determine the arsenite drinking water exposure dependent increases in female C3H mouse liver and lung tissue arsenicals and to characterize the dose response (to 0, 0.05, 0.25, 1, 10, and 85 ppm arsenite in drinking water for 30 days and a purified AIN-93M diet) for genomic mouse lung expression patterns. Mouse lungs were analyzed for inorganic arsenic, monomethylated, and dimethylated arsenicals by hydride generation atomic absorption spectroscopy. The total lung mean arsenical levels were 1.4, 22.5, 30.1, 50.9, 105.3, and 316.4 ng/g lung tissue after 0, 0.05, 0.25, 1, 10, and 85 ppm, respectively. At 85 ppm, the total mean lung arsenical levels increased 14-fold and 131-fold when compared to either the lowest noncontrol dose (0.05 ppm) or the control dose, respectively. We found that arsenic exposure elicited minimal numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 77, 38, 90, 87, and 87 DEGs) after 0.05, 0.25, 1, 10, and 85 ppm, respectively, which were associated with cardiovascular disease, development, differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, and stress response. After 30 days of arsenite exposure, this study showed monotonic increases in mouse lung arsenical (total arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid) concentrations but no clear dose-related increases in DEG numbers. C1 [Chilakapati, Jaya] Alcon Labs R9 7, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Wallace, Kathleen; Moore, Tanya; Ren, Hongzu; Kitchin, Kirk T.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Hernandez-Zavala, Araceli] Inst Politecn Nacl, Secc Invest & Posgrad, Escuela Super Med, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Kitchin, KT (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, 109 TW Alexander Dr,B105-03, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM kitchin.kirk@epa.gov FU United States Protection Agency; UNC/EPA [EPA CR 833237] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was funded by the United States Protection Agency. This work was supported by UNC/EPA Cooperative Agreement EPA CR 833237. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1559-3258 J9 DOSE-RESPONSE JI Dose-Response PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 13 IS 2 DI 10.1177/1559325815592392 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology GA CS9XL UT WOS:000362446800008 ER PT J AU Gordon, C Phillips, P Jarema, K Beasely, T Johnstone, A AF Gordon, Christopher Phillips, Pamela Jarema, Kimberly Beasely, Tracy Johnstone, Andrew TI Impact of Long-Term, Voluntary Exercise on Body Composition and Pulmonary Function in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, ASIP, ASN, ASPET C1 [Gordon, Christopher; Phillips, Pamela; Jarema, Kimberly; Beasely, Tracy; Johnstone, Andrew] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 SU 1 MA 677.12 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA CS0BT UT WOS:000361722700160 ER PT J AU See, MJ Bencic, D Wang, RL Villeneuve, D Ankley, G Biales, A AF See, Mary Jean Bencic, David Wang, Rong-Lin Villeneuve, Daniel Ankley, Gerald Biales, Adam TI Gene Expression Profiling of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Exposed to the Steroidogenesis Inhibitor Ketoconazole SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, ASIP, ASN, ASPET C1 [See, Mary Jean; Bencic, David; Wang, Rong-Lin; Biales, Adam] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel; Ankley, Gerald] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Div, Duluth, MN USA. RI See, Mee-Hoong, See/P-8440-2014 OI See, Mee-Hoong, See/0000-0002-7197-5759 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 SU 1 MA 894.9 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA CS0BT UT WOS:000361722705180 ER PT J AU Dye, J Gibbs-Flournoy, E Richards, J Hines, E Kraft, K Norwood, J Hatch, G AF Dye, Jan Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene Richards, Judy Hines, Erin Kraft, Katherine Norwood, Joel Hatch, Gary TI Early Life Lung Antioxidant Levels and Response to Ozone: Influence of Sex and Maturation in Wistar Rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dye, Jan; Richards, Judy; Norwood, Joel; Hatch, Gary] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene] EPA, ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hines, Erin] EPA, NCEA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kraft, Katherine] Chevron Co, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 SU 1 MA 411.3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA CR6PV UT WOS:000361470503099 ER PT J AU Schisler, JC Ronnebaum, SM Madden, M Channell, M Campen, M Willis, MS AF Schisler, Jonathan C. Ronnebaum, Sarah M. Madden, Michael Channell, Meghan Campen, Matthew Willis, Monte S. TI Endothelial inflammatory transcriptional responses to an altered plasma exposome following inhalation of diesel emissions SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; diesel; endothelium; inflammation; particulate matter; plasma ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION REGULATION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; EXHAUST INHALATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; EXPOSURE; DYSFUNCTION; MECHANISMS; MORTALITY AB Background: Air pollution, especially emissions derived from traffic sources, is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, it remains unclear how inhaled factors drive extrapulmonary pathology. Objectives: Previously, we found that canonical inflammatory response transcripts were elevated in cultured endothelial cells treated with plasma obtained after exposure compared with pre-exposure samples or filtered air (sham) exposures. While the findings confirmed the presence of bioactive factor(s) in the plasma after diesel inhalation, we wanted to better examine the complete genomic response to investigate (1) major responsive transcripts and (2) collected response pathways and ontogeny that may help to refine this method and inform the pathogenesis. Methods: We assayed endothelial RNA with gene expression microarrays, examining the responses of cultured endothelial cells to plasma obtained from six healthy human subjects exposed to 100 mu g/m(3) diesel exhaust or filtered air for 2 h on separate occasions. In addition to pre-exposure baseline samples, we investigated samples obtained immediately-post and 24 h-post exposure. Results: Microarray analysis of the coronary artery endothelial cells challenged with plasma identified 855 probes that changed over time following diesel exhaust exposure. Over-representation analysis identified inflammatory cytokine pathways were upregulated both at the 2 and 24 h conditions. Novel pathways related to FOXO transcription factors and secreted extracellular factors were also identified in the microarray analysis. Conclusions: These outcomes are consistent with our recent findings that plasma contains bioactive and inflammatory factors following pollutant inhalation and provide a novel pathway to explain the well-reported extrapulmonary toxicity of ambient air pollutants. C1 [Schisler, Jonathan C.; Ronnebaum, Sarah M.; Willis, Monte S.] Univ N Carolina, McAllister Heart Inst, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Madden, Michael] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Channell, Meghan; Campen, Matthew] Univ New Mexico, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Willis, MS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, McAllister Heart Inst, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 111 Mason Farm Rd,MBRB 2340B, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM monte_willis@med.unc.edu OI Schisler, Jonathan/0000-0001-7382-2783 FU National Institutes of Health [ES014639]; Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83479601-0] FX This study was funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health (ES014639) and the Environmental Protection Agency (RD-83479601-0). The authors declare no financial conflicts of interest with the content of the present manuscript. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 27 IS 5 BP 272 EP 280 DI 10.3109/08958378.2015.1030481 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CM2MJ UT WOS:000357514200005 PM 25942053 ER PT J AU Patmont, CR Ghosh, U LaRosa, P Menzie, CA Luthy, RG Greenberg, MS Cornelissen, G Eek, E Collins, J Hull, J Hjartland, T Glaza, E Bleiler, J Quadrini, J AF Patmont, Clayton R. Ghosh, Upal LaRosa, Paul Menzie, Charles A. Luthy, Richard G. Greenberg, Marc S. Cornelissen, Gerard Eek, Espen Collins, John Hull, John Hjartland, Tore Glaza, Edward Bleiler, John Quadrini, James TI In Situ Sediment Treatment Using Activated Carbon: A Demonstrated Sediment Cleanup Technology SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Activated carbon; Sediment; In situ treatment; Bioavailability; Remediation ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; MASS-TRANSFER; PCB BIOAVAILABILITY; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; RIVER SEDIMENTS; REMEDIATION; AMENDMENT; BIOACCUMULATION AB This paper reviews general approaches for applying activated carbon (AC) amendments as an in situ sediment treatment remedy. In situ sediment treatment involves targeted placement of amendments using installation options that fall into two general approaches: 1) directly applying a thin layer of amendments (which potentially incorporates weighting or binding materials) to surface sediment, with or without initial mixing; and 2) incorporating amendments into a premixed, blended cover material of clean sand or sediment, which is also applied to the sediment surface. Over the past decade, pilot-or full-scale field sediment treatment projects using AC-globally recognized as one of the most effective sorbents for organic contaminants-were completed or were underway at more than 25 field sites in the United States, Norway, and the Netherlands. Collectively, these field projects (along with numerous laboratory experiments) have demonstrated the efficacy of AC for in situ treatment in a range of contaminated sediment conditions. Results from experimental studies and field applications indicate that in situ sequestration and immobilization treatment of hydrophobic organic compounds using either installation approach can reduce porewater concentrations and biouptake significantly, often becoming more effective over time due to progressive mass transfer. Certain conditions, such as use in unstable sediment environments, should be taken into account to maximize AC effectiveness over long time periods. In situ treatment is generally less disruptive and less expensive than traditional sediment cleanup technologies such as dredging or isolation capping. Proper site-specific balancing of the potential benefits, risks, ecological effects, and costs of in situ treatment technologies (in this case, AC) relative to other sediment cleanup technologies is important to successful full-scale field application. Extensive experimental studies and field trials have shown that when applied correctly, in situ treatment via contaminant sequestration and immobilization using a sorbent material such as AC has progressed from an innovative sediment remediation approach to a proven, reliable technology. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published 2014 SETAC. C1 [Patmont, Clayton R.] Anchor QEA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Ghosh, Upal] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [LaRosa, Paul] Anchor QEA, Amesbury, MA USA. [Menzie, Charles A.] Exponent, Alexandria, VA USA. [Luthy, Richard G.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Greenberg, Marc S.] US EPA, Edison, NJ USA. [Cornelissen, Gerard; Eek, Espen] Norwegian Geotech Inst, Oslo, Norway. [Cornelissen, Gerard] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, As, Norway. [Collins, John; Hull, John] AquaBlok, Toledo, OH USA. [Hjartland, Tore] BioBlok Solut, Sandefjord, Norway. [Glaza, Edward] Parsons, Syracuse, NY USA. [Bleiler, John] AECOM, Chelmsford, MA USA. [Quadrini, James] Anchor QEA, Woodcliff Lake, NJ USA. RP Patmont, CR (reprint author), Anchor QEA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM cpatmont@anchorqea.com NR 55 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 18 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD APR PY 2015 VL 11 IS 2 BP 195 EP 207 DI 10.1002/ieam.1589 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CL5SG UT WOS:000357020200004 PM 25323491 ER PT J AU Gaudet, MM Kitahara, CM Newton, CC Bernstein, L Reynolds, P Weiderpass, E Kreimer, AR Yang, G Adami, HO Alavanja, MC Freeman, LEB Boeing, H Buring, J Chaturvedi, A Chen, Y D'Aloisio, AA Freedman, M Gao, YT Gaziano, JM Giles, GG Hakansson, N Huang, WY Lee, IM Linet, MS MacInnis, RJ Park, Y Prizment, A Purdue, MP Riboli, E Robien, K Sandler, DP Schairer, C Sesso, HD Shu, XO White, E Wolk, A Xiang, YB Zelenuich-Jacquotte, A Zheng, W Patel, AV Hartge, P de Gonzalez, AB Gapstur, SM AF Gaudet, Mia M. Kitahara, Cari M. Newton, Christina C. Bernstein, Leslie Reynolds, Peggy Weiderpass, Elisabete Kreimer, Aimee R. Yang, Gong Adami, Hans-Olov Alavanja, Michael C. Freeman, Laura E. Beane Boeing, Heiner Buring, Julie Chaturvedi, Anil Chen, Yu D'Aloisio, Aimee A. Freedman, Michal Gao, Yu-Tang Gaziano, J. Michael Giles, Graham G. Hakansson, Niclas Huang, Wen-Yi Lee, I-Min Linet, Martha S. MacInnis, Robert J. Park, Yikyung Prizment, Anna Purdue, Mark P. Riboli, Elio Robien, Kim Sandler, Dale P. Schairer, Catherine Sesso, Howard D. Shu, Xiao Ou White, Emily Wolk, Alicja Xiang, Yong-Bing Zelenuich-Jacquotte, Anne Zheng, Wei Patel, Alpa V. Hartge, Patricia de Gonzalez, Amy Berrington Gapstur, Susan M. TI Anthropometry and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Head and neck neoplasms; obesity; smoking; waist-hip ratio; waist circumference ID BODY-MASS INDEX; GENERAL-POPULATION SAMPLE; INHANCE CONSORTIUM; RISK; SMOKING; OBESITY; HEIGHT; WEIGHT; FAT; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Associations between anthropometry and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk are inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate these associations while minimizing biases found in previous studies. Methods: We pooled data from 1 941 300 participants, including 3760 cases, in 20 cohort studies and used multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of anthropometric measures with HNC risk overall and stratified by smoking status. Results: Greater waist circumference (per 5cm: HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.05, P-value for trend = <0.0001) and waist-to-hip ratio (per 0.1 unit: HR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.09, P-value for trend = <0.0001), adjusted for body mass index (BMI), were associated with higher risk and did not vary by smoking status (P-value for heterogeneity = 0.85 and 0.44, respectively). Associations with BMI (P-value for interaction = <0.0001) varied by smoking status. Larger BMI was associated with higher HNC risk in never smokers (per 5 kg/m(2): HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.24, P-value for trend = 0.0006), but not in former smokers (per 5 kg/m(2): HR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.93-1.06, P-value for trend = 0.79) or current smokers (per 5 kg/m(2): HR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.71-0.82, P-value for trend = <0.0001). Larger hip circumference was not associated with a higher HNC risk. Greater height (per 5cm) was associated with higher risk of HNC in never and former smokers, but not in current smokers. Conclusions: Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio were associated positively with HNC risk regardless of smoking status, whereas a positive association with BMI was only found in never smokers. C1 [Gaudet, Mia M.; Newton, Christina C.; Patel, Alpa V.; Gapstur, Susan M.] Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30316 USA. [Kitahara, Cari M.; Kreimer, Aimee R.; Alavanja, Michael C.; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Chaturvedi, Anil; Freedman, Michal; Huang, Wen-Yi; Linet, Martha S.; Park, Yikyung; Purdue, Mark P.; Schairer, Catherine; Hartge, Patricia; de Gonzalez, Amy Berrington] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA USA. [Reynolds, Peggy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Canc Prevent Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Weiderpass, Elisabete; Adami, Hans-Olov] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Univ Tromso, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Community Med, Tromso, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Canc Registry Norway, Dept Res, Oslo, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Samfundet Folkhalsan, Helsinki, Finland. [Yang, Gong; Shu, Xiao Ou; Zheng, Wei] Vanderbilt Ingram Canc Ctr, Dept Med, Div Epidemiol, Nashville, TN USA. [Adami, Hans-Olov] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Boeing, Heiner] German Inst Human Nutr, Dept Epidemiol, Potsdam, Germany. [Buring, Julie; Gaziano, J. Michael; Lee, I-Min; Sesso, Howard D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Buring, Julie; Gaziano, J. Michael; Lee, I-Min; Sesso, Howard D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Buring, Julie; Lee, I-Min; Sesso, Howard D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chen, Yu; Zelenuich-Jacquotte, Anne] NYU Sch Med, Dept Populat Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Chen, Yu; Zelenuich-Jacquotte, Anne] NYU Sch Med, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA. [D'Aloisio, Aimee A.] Social & Sci Syst, Durham, NC USA. [Gao, Yu-Tang; Xiang, Yong-Bing] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Renji Hosp, Dept Epidemiol,Shanghai Canc Inst, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Gaziano, J. Michael; Sesso, Howard D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael; Sesso, Howard D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Giles, Graham G.; MacInnis, Robert J.] Univ Melbourne, Canc Council Victoria, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Giles, Graham G.; MacInnis, Robert J.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Biostat & Epidemiol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Hakansson, Niclas; Wolk, Alicja] Karolinska Inst, Dept Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden. [Park, Yikyung] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Prizment, Anna] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Purdue, Mark P.] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Riboli, Elio] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, England. [Robien, Kim] George Washington Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Washington, DC USA. [Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [White, Emily] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [White, Emily] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gaudet, MM (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA 30316 USA. EM mia.gaudet@cancer.org RI Purdue, Mark/C-9228-2016; Chaturvedi, Anil/J-2024-2015; Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; Kitahara, Cari/R-8267-2016; OI Purdue, Mark/0000-0003-1177-3108; Chaturvedi, Anil/0000-0003-2696-8899; Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Robien, Kim/0000-0002-2120-2280; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018; Giles, Graham/0000-0003-4946-9099; Park, Yikyung/0000-0002-6281-489X FU American Cancer Society; Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119] FX This work was supported in part by the American Cancer Society and the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030) and National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119). Funding and acknowledgement information for each of the individual cohorts is available in the Appendix (available as Supplementary data at IJE online). NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 EI 1464-3685 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 44 IS 2 BP 673 EP 681 DI 10.1093/ije/dyv059 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CL6VO UT WOS:000357106100029 PM 26050257 ER PT J AU Daston, GP Rogers, JM AF Daston, George P. Rogers, John M. TI Edward W. Carney, 1959-2015 Obituary SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Daston, George P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Daston, GP (reprint author), Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-9733 EI 1542-9741 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 104 IS 2 BP 53 EP 54 DI 10.1002/bdrb.21141 PG 2 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA CL5RP UT WOS:000357018200001 PM 26097067 ER PT J AU Godwin, H Nameth, C Avery, D Bergeson, LL Bernard, D Beryt, E Boyes, W Brown, S Clippinger, AJ Cohen, Y Doa, M Hendren, CO Holden, P Houck, K Kane, AB Klaessig, F Kodas, T Landsiedel, R Lynch, I Malloy, T Miller, MB Muller, J Oberdorster, G Petersen, EJ Pleus, RC Sayre, P Stone, V Sullivan, KM Tentschert, J Wallis, P Nel, AE AF Godwin, Hilary Nameth, Catherine Avery, David Bergeson, Lynn L. Bernard, Daniel Beryt, Elizabeth Boyes, William Brown, Scott Clippinger, Amy J. Cohen, Yoram Doa, Maria Hendren, Christine Ogilvie Holden, Patricia Houck, Keith Kane, Agnes B. Klaessig, Frederick Kodas, Toivo Landsiedel, Robert Lynch, Iseult Malloy, Timothy Miller, Mary Beth Muller, Julie Oberdorster, Gunter Petersen, Elijah J. Pleus, Richard C. Sayre, Philip Stone, Vicki Sullivan, Kristie M. Tentschert, Jutta Wallis, Philip Nel, Andre E. TI Nanomaterial Categorization for Assessing Risk Potential To Facilitate Regulatory Decision-Making SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article ID MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES; FIBROSIS; TOXICITY; LUNG AB For nanotechnology to meet its potential as a game-changing and sustainable technology, it is important to ensure that the engineered nanomaterials and nanoenabled products that gain entry to the marketplace are safe and effective. Tools and methods are needed for regulatory purposes to allow rapid material categorization according to human health and environmental risk potential, so that materials of high concern can be targeted for additional scrutiny, while material categories that pose the least risk can receive expedited review. Using carbon nanotubes as an example, we discuss how data from alternative testing strategies can be used to facilitate engineered nanomaterial categorization according to risk potential and how such an approach could facilitate regulatory decision-making in the future. C1 [Godwin, Hilary] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Godwin, Hilary; Malloy, Timothy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Godwin, Hilary; Nameth, Catherine; Avery, David; Beryt, Elizabeth; Cohen, Yoram; Holden, Patricia; Klaessig, Frederick; Malloy, Timothy; Nel, Andre E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Univ Calif Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Godwin, Hilary; Cohen, Yoram; Nel, Andre E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bergeson, Lynn L.] Bergeson & Campbell PC, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Bernard, Daniel] CEA Nanosafety Platform, Grenoble, France. [Beryt, Elizabeth] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Luskin Sch Publ Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Boyes, William; Houck, Keith] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brown, Scott] EI du Pont Nemours & Co, DuPont Titanium Technol, DuPont Cent Res & Dev, Wilmington, DC 19803 USA. [Clippinger, Amy J.] PETA Int Sci Consortium Ltd, London, England. [Cohen, Yoram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Doa, Maria; Sayre, Philip] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hendren, Christine Ogilvie] Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Holden, Patricia] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kane, Agnes B.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Klaessig, Frederick] Penn Bio Nano Syst, Doylestown, PA 18901 USA. [Kodas, Toivo] Cabot Corp, Boston, MA 02210 USA. [Landsiedel, Robert] BASF SE, Expt Toxicol & Ecol, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Lynch, Iseult] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Malloy, Timothy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Law, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Miller, Mary Beth] Lockheed Martin Co, Appl NanoStruct Solut LLC, Baltimore, MD 21220 USA. [Muller, Julie] Nanocyl, Sambreville, Belgium. [Oberdorster, Gunter] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Petersen, Elijah J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Pleus, Richard C.] Intertox Inc, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Stone, Vicki] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. [Sullivan, Kristie M.] Phys Comm Responsible Med, Washington, DC USA. [Tentschert, Jutta] Fed Inst Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany. [Wallis, Philip] SouthWest NanoTechnol, Norman, OK 73071 USA. [Nel, Andre E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Nanobiol & Predict Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nel, Andre E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div NanoMed, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Godwin, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM hgodwin@ucla.edu; anel@mednet.ucla.edu RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013; Avery, David/G-8661-2016; Lynch, Iseult/I-3915-2014; Brown, Scott/A-7254-2008; OI Lynch, Iseult/0000-0003-4250-4584; Brown, Scott/0000-0003-0138-474X; Stone, Vicki/0000-0001-8346-7471 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [U19ES019528] NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2015 VL 9 IS 4 BP 3409 EP 3417 DI 10.1021/acsnano.5b00941 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CH2PL UT WOS:000353867000004 PM 25791861 ER PT J AU Angrish, MM Madden, MC Pleil, JD AF Angrish, Michelle M. Madden, Michael C. Pleil, Joachim D. TI Probe Molecule (PrM) Approach in Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) Based High-Throughput Screening (HTS): In Vivo Discovery for Developing in Vitro Target Methods SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER; HEPATOMA HEPARG CELLS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; C57BL/6 MICE; TOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY; EXPOSURE; LIVER; MTBE; MODEL AB Efficient and accurate adverse outcome pathway (AOP) based high-throughput screening (HTS) methods use a systems biology based approach to computationally model in vitro cellular and molecular data for rapid chemical prioritization; however, not all HTS assays are grounded by relevant in vivo exposure data. The challenge is to develop HTS assays with unambiguous quantitative links between in vitro responses and corresponding in vivo effects, which is complicated by metabolically insufficient systems, in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE), cross-species comparisons, and other inherent issues correlating IVIVE findings. This article introduces the concept of ultrasensitive gas phase probe molecules (PrMs) to help bridge the current HTS assay IVIVE gap. The PrM concept assesses metabolic pathways that have already been well-defined from intact human or mammalian models. Specifically, the idea is to introduce a gas phase probe molecule into a system, observe normal steady state, add chemicals of interest, and quantitatively measure (from headspace gas) effects on PrM metabolism that can be directly linked back to a well-defined and corresponding in vivo effect. As an example, we developed the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and differential equations to estimate methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) metabolism to tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) via cytochrome (CYP) 2A6 in the liver from human empirical data. Because MTBE metabolic pathways are well characterized from in vivo data, we can use it as a PrM to explore direct and indirect chemical effects on CYP pathways. The PrM concept could be easily applied to in vitro and alternative models of disease and phenotype, and even test for volatile chemicals while avoiding liquid handling robotics. Furthermore, a PrM can be designed for any chemical with known empirical human exposure data and used to assess chemicals for which no information exists. Herein, we propose an elegant gas phase probe molecule-based approach to in vitro toxicity testing. C1 [Angrish, Michelle M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Madden, Michael C.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL ORD, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil@email.unc.edu FU appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. EPA. NR 65 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 4 BP 551 EP 559 DI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00024 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA CG6RK UT WOS:000353429700001 PM 25692543 ER PT J AU Liu, J Mansouri, K Judson, RS Martin, MT Hong, HX Chen, MJ Xu, XW Thomas, RS Shah, I AF Liu, Jie Mansouri, Kamel Judson, Richard S. Martin, Matthew T. Hong, Huixiao Chen, Minjun Xu, Xiaowei Thomas, Russell S. Shah, Imran TI Predicting Hepatotoxicity Using ToxCast in Vitro Bioactivity and Chemical Structure SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS; PROTEIN 18 KDA; TRANSLOCATOR PROTEIN; COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; LIVER-DISEASE; CLASSIFICATION; MODELS; HAZARD AB The U.S. Tox21 and EPA ToxCast program screen thousands of environmental chemicals for bioactivity using hundreds of high-throughput in vitro assays to build predictive models of toxicity. We represented chemicals based on bioactivity and chemical structure descriptors, then used supervised machine learning to predict in vivo hepatotoxic effects. A set of 677 chemicals was represented by 711 in vitro bioactivity descriptors (from ToxCast assays), 4,376 chemical structure descriptors (from QikProp, OpenBabel, PaDEL, and PubChem), and three hepatotoxicity categories (from animal studies). Hepatotoxicants were defined by rat liver histopathology observed after chronic chemical testing and grouped into hypertrophy (161), injury (101) and proliferative lesions (99). Classifiers were built using six machine learning algorithms: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), Naive Bayes (NB), support vector machines (SVM), classification and regression trees (CART), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and an ensemble of these classifiers (ENSMB). Classifiers of hepatotoxicity were built using chemical structure descriptors, ToxCast bioactivity descriptors, and hybrid descriptors. Predictive performance was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation testing and in-loop, filter-based, feature subset selection. Hybrid classifiers had the best balanced accuracy for predicting hypertrophy (0.84 +/- 0.08), injury (0.80 +/- 0.09), and proliferative lesions (0.80 +/- 0.10). Though chemical and bioactivity classifiers had a similar balanced accuracy, the former were more sensitive, and the latter were more specific. CART, ENSMB, and SVM classifiers performed the best, and nuclear receptor activation and mitochondrial functions were frequently found in highly predictive classifiers of hepatotoxicity. ToxCast and ToxRefDB provide the largest and richest publicly available data sets for mining linkages between the in vitro bioactivity of environmental chemicals and their adverse histopathological outcomes. Our findings demonstrate the utility of high-throughput assays for characterizing rodent hepatotoxicants, the benefit of using hybrid representations that integrate bioactivity and chemical structure, and the need for objective evaluation of classification performance. C1 [Liu, Jie; Mansouri, Kamel; Judson, Richard S.; Martin, Matthew T.; Thomas, Russell S.; Shah, Imran] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Liu, Jie; Xu, Xiaowei] Univ Arkansas, Dept Informat Sci, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. [Liu, Jie; Mansouri, Kamel] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hong, Huixiao; Chen, Minjun; Xu, Xiaowei] US FDA, Div Bioinformat & Biostat, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Shah, I (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM shah.imran@epa.gov OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Mansouri, Kamel/0000-0002-6426-8036 FU Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S Department of Energy and EPA. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 4 BP 738 EP 751 DI 10.1021/tx500501h PG 14 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA CG6RK UT WOS:000353429700021 PM 25697799 ER PT J AU Liu, C Peng, J Matzuk, MM Yao, HHC AF Liu, Chang Peng, Jia Matzuk, Martin M. Yao, Humphrey H-C TI Lineage specification of ovarian theca cells requires multicellular interactions via oocyte and granulosa cells SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DESERT HEDGEHOG; INDIAN HEDGEHOG; MOUSE OVARY; IN-VITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; FOLLICLE; GROWTH; FOLLICULOGENESIS; INFERTILITY; ACTIVATION AB Organogenesis of the ovary is a highly orchestrated process involving multiple lineage determination of ovarian surface epithelium, granulosa cells and theca cells. Although the sources of ovarian surface epithelium and granulosa cells are known, the origin(s) of theca progenitor cells have not been definitively identified. Here we show that theca cells derive from two sources: Wt1(+) cells indigenous to the ovary and Gli1(+) mesenchymal cells that migrate from the mesonephros. These progenitors acquire theca lineage marker Gli1 in response to paracrine signals Desert hedgehog (Dhh) and Indian hedgehog (Ihh) from granulosa cells. Ovaries lacking Dhh/Ihh exhibit theca layer loss, blunted steroid production, arrested folliculogenesis and failure to form corpora lutea. Production of Dhh/Ihh in granulosa cells requires growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) from the oocyte. Our studies provide the first genetic evidence for the origins of theca cells and reveal a multicellular interaction critical for the formation of a functional theca. C1 [Liu, Chang] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Liu, Chang; Yao, Humphrey H-C] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Biol Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Peng, Jia; Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Peng, Jia; Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Peng, Jia; Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Peng, Jia; Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Drug Discovery & Reprod Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Matzuk, Martin M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Yao, HHC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Biol Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM humphrey.yao@nih.gov RI Yao, Humphrey Hung-Chang/B-4795-2010; OI Yao, Humphrey Hung-Chang/0000-0003-2944-8469; Liu, Chang/0000-0002-8723-7363 FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES102965]; NIH Graduate Partnerships Program; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [R01 HD033438] FX We thank Dr Keith Parker (UT Southwestern Medical Center) for the Sf1-Cre mice, Dr Francesco DeMayo (Baylor College of Medicine) for the Ihhfloxed/floxed mouse strain and Dr Dagmar Wilhelm (Monash University) for the anti-FOXL2 antibody. We thank the Comparative Medicine Branch, the Flow Cytometry Center, the Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch (the Digital Imaging/Analysis Lab, the Clinical Pathology Lab and the Pathology Support Group) and the Molecular Genomics Core at NIEHS for the technical support. We also thank Dr Mitch Eddy, Dr Kenneth Korach and other lab members for their critical comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program (ES102965 for H.H.-C.Y.) of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and NIH Graduate Partnerships Program and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD033438 to M.M.M.). NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2015 VL 6 AR 6934 DI 10.1038/ncomms7934 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0IZ UT WOS:000353704400003 PM 25917826 ER PT J AU Hilborn, ED Beasley, VR AF Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Beasley, Val R. TI One Health and Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Systems: Animal Illnesses and Deaths Are Sentinel Events for Human Health Risks SO TOXINS LA English DT Review ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; ANABAENA-FLOS-AQUAE; TOXIC MICROCYSTIS BLOOMS; ANATOXIN-A; UNITED-STATES; HARMFUL CYANOBACTERIA; RECREATIONAL WATER; MASS MORTALITIES; DRINKING-WATER; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have adversely impacted human and animal health for thousands of years. Recently, the health impacts of harmful cyanobacteria blooms are becoming more frequently detected and reported. However, reports of human and animal illnesses or deaths associated with harmful cyanobacteria blooms tend to be investigated and reported separately. Consequently, professionals working in human or in animal health do not always communicate findings related to these events with one another. Using the One Health concept of integration and collaboration among health disciplines, we systematically review the existing literature to discover where harmful cyanobacteria-associated animal illnesses and deaths have served as sentinel events to warn of potential human health risks. We find that illnesses or deaths among livestock, dogs and fish are all potentially useful as sentinel events for the presence of harmful cyanobacteria that may impact human health. We also describe ways to enhance the value of reports of cyanobacteria-associated illnesses and deaths in animals to protect human health. Efficient monitoring of environmental and animal health in a One Health collaborative framework can provide vital warnings of cyanobacteria-associated human health risks. C1 [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Beasley, Val R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Coll Agr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Hilborn, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hilborn.e@epa.gov; vbeasley@psu.edu FU Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank librarians and staff members of the US Environmental Protection Agency's library at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina for technical assistance and for access to reference material. We thank Madeleine LaRue and Whitney Krueger, ORISE Participants, funded by the Environmental Protection Agency, for their thoughtful review. NR 124 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 11 U2 41 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD APR PY 2015 VL 7 IS 4 BP 1374 EP 1395 DI 10.3390/toxins7041374 PG 22 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CH3XG UT WOS:000353963700022 PM 25903764 ER PT J AU Upadhyay, N Clements, AL Fraser, MP Sundblom, M Solomon, P Herckes, P AF Upadhyay, Nabin Clements, Andrea L. Fraser, Matthew P. Sundblom, Michael Solomon, Paul Herckes, Pierre TI Size-Differentiated Chemical Composition of Re-Suspended Soil Dust from the Desert Southwest United States SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cattle feedlots; Dirt road dust; Paved road dust; Agricultural soils; Source characterization ID SOURCE PROFILES; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PARTICULATE MATTER; SUPERSITES PROGRAM; WIND EROSION; WOOD SMOKE; PM2.5; PARTICLES; PM10; ATMOSPHERE AB As part of the Desert Southwest Coarse Particulate Matter Study which characterized the composition of fine and coarse particulate matter in Pinal County, AZ during 2010-2011, several source samples were collected from several different soil types to assist in source apportionment analysis of the study results. Soil types included native desert soils, agricultural soils (crop farming), dirt-road material adjacent to agricultural areas, paved road dusts, dirt road material from within and adjacent to a cattle feedlot, and material from an active cattle feedlot. Following laboratory resuspension of the soil, size-segregated PM2.5 and PM10 fractions for each source type were collected on filters and characterized for mass, ions, OC, EC, and trace elements. While there are unique chemical compositions of soils in the region (e.g., high As and Sb) that reiterate the importance of using local source profiles (e.g., native soils) as compared to Upper Continental Crust or soil profiles from other regions in receptor modeling studies. The study also provides new insights into the impact of land-use modification on source emission profiles. Specifically, high OC and PO43- are found in material representative of local cattle feedlot activities while elevated Cu, Sb and Zn are found from sources impacted by motor vehicle traffic. Results of the study indicate that the local native soil composition is only slightly modified by agricultural activities and this study provides the chemical composition of both native and agricultural soil for source apportionment studies in the Desert Southwest. C1 [Upadhyay, Nabin; Herckes, Pierre] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Clements, Andrea L.; Fraser, Matthew P.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Clements, Andrea L.; Fraser, Matthew P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sundblom, Michael] Pinal Cty Air Qual Control Dist, Florence, AZ 85232 USA. [Solomon, Paul] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Herckes, P (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM pierre.herckes@asu.edu RI Herckes, Pierre/E-6824-2011; OI Herckes, Pierre/0000-0002-0205-3187; Clements, Andrea/0000-0003-0764-5584 FU Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE), Region 9; Pinal County Air Quality Control District; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [83404901] FX The authors thank Dr. Yuling Jia for her assistance with sample re-suspensions. Funding for this work was provided through a Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE), Region 9 and the Pinal County Air Quality Control District. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under assistance agreement 83404901 to Arizona State University. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 EI 2071-1409 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 2 BP 387 EP U40 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2013.07.0253 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG3JE UT WOS:000353175300003 ER PT J AU Haselman, JT Olmstead, AW Degitz, SJ AF Haselman, Jonathan T. Olmstead, Allen W. Degitz, Sigmund J. TI Global gene expression during early differentiation of Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis gonad tissues SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Xenopus tropicalis; Amphibian; Microarray; Gonad differentiation; Reproductive development; Gene expression ID GERM-CELL FATE; SEX-DIFFERENTIATION; MOUSE OOCYTE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; LARVAL EXPOSURE; BINDING PROTEIN; AROMATASE CYP19; RETINOIC ACID; LEYDIG-CELLS; TESTIS AB African clawed frog Xeno pus sp. is used extensively for developmental biology and toxicology research. Amid concerns of environmental pollutants disrupting endocrine systems and causing altered reproductive development in wildlife, eco-toxicology research has led to a focus on linking molecular initiating events to population-level effects. As such, efforts to better understand reproductive development at the molecular level in these model species are warranted. To that end, transcriptomes were characterized in differentiating Xeno pus tropicalis gonad tissues at Nieuwkoop and Faber (NF) stage 58 (pro-metamorphosis), NF66 (completion of metamorphosis), I week post-metamorphosis (1WPM), and 2 weeks post-metamorphosis (2WPM). Differential expression analysis between tissue types at each developmental stage revealed a substantial divergence of ovary and testis transcriptomes starting between NF58 and NF66; transcriptomes continued to diverge through 2WPM. Generally, testis-enriched transcripts were expressed at relatively constant levels, while ovary-enriched transcripts were up-regulated within this developmental period. Functional analyses of differentially expressed transcripts allowed linkages to be made between their putative human orthologues and specific cellular processes associated with differentiating gonad tissues. In ovary tissue, genetic programs direct germ cells through meiosis to the diplotene stage when maternal mRNAs are transcribed and trafficked to oocytes for translation following fertilization. In the testis, gene expression is consistent with connective tissue development, tubule formation, and germ cell support (Leydig and Sertoli cells). This dataset exhibited remarkable consistency with transcript profiles previously described in gonad tissues across species, and emphasizes the universal importance of certain transcripts for germ cell development and preparation of these tissues for reproduction. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Haselman, Jonathan T.; Olmstead, Allen W.; Degitz, Sigmund J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Haselman, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM haselman.jon@epa.gov; allen.olmstead@bayer.com; degitz.sigmund@epa.gov NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 214 BP 103 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.06.009 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CH2GS UT WOS:000353844300014 PM 24960269 ER PT J AU McOliver, CA Camper, AK Doyle, JT Eggers, MJ Ford, TE Lila, MA Berner, J Campbell, L Donatuto, J AF McOliver, Cynthia Agumanu Camper, Anne K. Doyle, John T. Eggers, Margaret J. Ford, Tim E. Lila, Mary Ann Berner, James Campbell, Larry Donatuto, Jamie TI Community-Based Research as a Mechanism to Reduce Environmental Health Disparities in American Indian and Alaska Native Communities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TOXIC RELEASE INVENTORY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; INDIGENOUS PEOPLES; RISK; RESOURCES; BERRIES; IMPACTS AB Racial and ethnic minority communities, including American Indian and Alaska Natives, have been disproportionately impacted by environmental pollution and contamination. This includes siting and location of point sources of pollution, legacies of contamination of drinking and recreational water, and mining, military and agricultural impacts. As a result, both quantity and quality of culturally important subsistence resources are diminished, contributing to poor nutrition and obesity, and overall reductions in quality of life and life expectancy. Climate change is adding to these impacts on Native American communities, variably causing drought, increased flooding and forced relocation affecting tribal water resources, traditional foods, forests and forest resources, and tribal health. This article will highlight several extramural research projects supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) tribal environmental research grants as a mechanism to address the environmental health inequities and disparities faced by tribal communities. The tribal research portfolio has focused on addressing tribal environmental health risks through community based participatory research. Specifically, the STAR research program was developed under the premise that tribal populations may be at an increased risk for environmentally-induced diseases as a result of unique subsistence and traditional practices of the tribes and Alaska Native villages, community activities, occupations and customs, and/or environmental releases that significantly and disproportionately impact tribal lands. Through a series of case studies, this article will demonstrate how grantees-tribal community leaders and members and academic collaborators-have been addressing these complex environmental concerns by developing capacity, expertise and tools through community-engaged research. C1 [McOliver, Cynthia Agumanu] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Camper, Anne K.] Montana State Univ, Coll Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Doyle, John T.] Crow Environm Hlth Steering Comm Little Big Horn, Apsaalooke Water & Wastewater Author, Crow Agcy, MT 59022 USA. [Eggers, Margaret J.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Ford, Tim E.] Shenandoah Univ, Sch Hlth Profess, Winchester, VA 22601 USA. [Lila, Mary Ann] N Carolina State Univ, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [Berner, James] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Campbell, Larry] Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, La Conner, WA 98257 USA. [Donatuto, Jamie] Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, Dept Social Serv, Environm Hlth Analyst, La Conner, WA 98257 USA. RP McOliver, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mcoliver.cynthia@epa.gov; anne_c@erc.montana.edu; doylej@lbhc.edu; mari.eggers@biofilm.montana.edu; tford@su.edu; mlila@ncsu.edu; jberner@anthc.org; lcampbell@swinomish.nsn.us; jdonatuto@swinomish.nsn.us FU EPA STAR project (RD) [83479101, 83370601]; EPA STAR Project [EPA R833707] FX EPA STAR project (RD#83479101), Tribal Environmental Public Health Indicators, comprised representatives and community members from the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, the Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, the Suquamish Tribe, the Stillaguamish Tribe, and the project lead: the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community. The project also engaged Robin Gregory of Decision Research and William Trousdale of EcoPlan International. EPA STAR project (RD#83370601), Development of Risk Assessment Methodology, Risk Communication and Mitigation for Multimedia Exposure to Contaminants in Water and Wastewater on the Crow Reservation, was guided by Tribal members of the Crow Environmental Health Steering Committee, including John Doyle, Larry Kindness, Myra Lefthand, Sara Young, Brandon Good Luck, Urban Bear Don't Walk, Ada Bends, Alma McCormick, Robin Stewart and others, in collaboration with research partners from University of New England (Timothy Ford), Montana State University Bozeman (Anne Camper) and Little Big Horn College (Margaret Eggers), LBHC staff, LBHC and MSU student interns, Crow elders and many additional Crow Tribal members. Student Eric Dietrich also contributed to this article. EPA STAR Project (EPA R833707), Impacts of climate change on health benefits of a tribal Alaskan resource: Integrating traditional ecological knowledge with risk assessment through local monitoring, included research teams from the University of Illinois (Courtney Flint and MaryAnn Lila, and graduate student Josh Kellogg) and Rutgers University (Ilya Raskin and graduate students Georgie Fear and Brittany Graf), the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (Gary Ferguson), and numerous local instructors, elders, youth, and community leaders in Point Hope, Akutan, and Seldovia, Alaska. Cynthia McOliver would like to thank Jeremy Brooks for formatting the document, coordinating conference calls and checking the references; Maggie Breville for her expertise in her role as the previous project officer of these grants, and her co-authors for their dedication and enthusiasm to improving AIAN health and wellbeing and for engaging in this joint effort. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD APR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 4 BP 4076 EP 4100 DI 10.3390/ijerph120404076 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CG7MT UT WOS:000353488500043 PM 25872019 ER PT J AU Sikdar, SK AF Sikdar, Subhas K. TI An E-conversation with Prof. MM Sharma SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD APR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 823 EP 826 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-0954-5 PG 4 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG1TZ UT WOS:000353058700002 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Nanoscale food protection SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM glaser.john@epa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD APR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 827 EP 832 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-0955-4 PG 6 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG1TZ UT WOS:000353058700003 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, R Sengupta, D Sikdar, SK AF Mukherjee, Rajib Sengupta, Debalina Sikdar, Subhas K. TI Sustainability in the context of process engineering SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Process design; Process engineering; Sustainability footprint; Aggregate index ID HEAT-EXCHANGER NETWORKS; PROCESS INTENSIFICATION; SOFTWARE TOOLS; INTEGRATION; MASS; TECHNOLOGY; DESIGN; ENERGY; INDICATORS; STATE AB Computational process design for sustainability using various available techniques is still limited to computer-aided design featuring process optimization of energy and material flow plus minimizing greenhouse gas emission and water conservation. Sustainable process demands more, such as minimizing the impacts from other harmful emissions, discharges, waste creation, economic, and societal impacts. We have proposed an overall sustainability footprint, which in theory represents impacts of a process on all three domains of sustainability. This perspective article provides a critical analysis of attaining sustainability by minimizing this sustainability footprint using impact data as indicators. We also propose the use of the integration of the sustainability footprint in the computer-aided process design itself, rather than checking the impacts after the data have been collected on actual process options designed ahead of the analyses. C1 [Mukherjee, Rajib] Vishwamitra Res Inst, Crystal Lake, IL USA. [Sengupta, Debalina] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Sikdar, Subhas K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD APR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 833 EP 840 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-0952-7 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG1TZ UT WOS:000353058700004 ER PT J AU Kettleson, EM Adhikari, A Vesper, S Coombs, K Indugula, R Reponen, T AF Kettleson, Eric M. Adhikari, Atin Vesper, Stephen Coombs, Kanistha Indugula, Reshmi Reponen, Tiina TI Key determinants of the fungal and bacterial microbiomes in homes SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Indoor environment; Microbial diversity; Bacteria; Fungi; Microbiome ID RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; HOUSE-DUST; DIVERSITY; PCR; ENVIRONMENT; ASTHMA; FECES; AIR AB Background: The microbiome of the home is of great interest because of its possible impact on health. Our goal was to identify some of the factors that determine the richness, evenness and diversity of the home's fungal and bacterial microbiomes. Method: Vacuumed settled dust from homes (n=35) in Cincinnati, OH, were analyzed by pyrosequencing to determine the fungal and bacterial relative sequence occurrence. The correlation coefficients between home environmental characteristics, including age of home, Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) values, occupant number, relative humidity and temperature, as well as pets (dog and cat) were evaluated for their influence on fungal and bacterial communities. In addition, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used for identifying fungal and bacterial genera and species associated with those housing determinants found to be significant. Results: The fungal richness was found to be positively correlated with age of home (p =0.002), ERMI value (p=0.003), and relative humidity (p=0.015) in the home. However, fungal evenness and diversity were only correlated with the age of home (p =0.001). Diversity and evenness (not richness) of the bacterial microbiome in the homes were associated with dog ownership. Linear discriminant analysis showed total of 39 putative fungal genera/species with significantly higher LDA scores in high ERMI homes and 47 genera/species with significantly higher LDA scores in homes with high relative humidity. When categorized according to the age of the home, a total of 67 fungal genera/species had LDA scores above the significance threshold. Dog ownership appeared to have the most influence on the bacterial microbiome, since a total of 130 bacterial genera/species had significantly higher LDA scores in homes with dogs. Conclusions: Some key determinants of the fungal and bacterial microbiome appear to be excess moisture, age of the home and dog ownership. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kettleson, Eric M.; Adhikari, Atin; Coombs, Kanistha; Indugula, Reshmi; Reponen, Tiina] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Kettleson, Eric M.] ZF Steering Syst NACAM Corp, Florence, KY 41042 USA. [Adhikari, Atin] Georgia So Univ, Jiann Ping Hsu Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056,3223 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM emkettleson@gmail.com; aadhikari@georgiasouthern.edu; vesper.stephen@epa.gov; chatteka@mail.uc.edu; induguri@ucmail.uc.edu; Tiina.Reponen@uc.edu FU Healthy Homes Technical Studies Program of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) [OHLHH0199-09]; HUD [OHLHH0162-07]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pilot Research Project Training Program of University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center [T42OH008432-07]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [T32ES010957-11]; NIEHS [E511170] FX This study was supported by Grant no. OHLHH0199-09 from the Healthy Homes Technical Studies Program of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). We also acknowledge a partial support from the HUD Grant no. OHLHH0162-07, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pilot Research Project Training Program of University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center Grant no. T42OH008432-07, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grant no. T32ES010957-11 awarded to the University of Cincinnati. The CCAAPS birth cohort study was supported by NIEHS Grant E511170. Technical assistance from Mr. Chris Schaffer during dust sampling is graciously acknowledged. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 138 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.003 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CG1CT UT WOS:000353011300016 PM 25707017 ER PT J AU Wolf, JC Baumgartner, WA Blazer, VS Camus, AC Engelhardt, JA Fournie, JW Frasca, S Groman, DB Kent, ML Khoo, LH Law, JM Lombardini, ED Ruehl-Fehlert, C Segner, HE Smith, SA Spitsbergen, JM Weber, K Wolfe, MJ AF Wolf, Jeffrey C. Baumgartner, Wes A. Blazer, Vicki S. Camus, Alvin C. Engelhardt, Jeffery A. Fournie, John W. Frasca, Salvatore, Jr. Groman, David B. Kent, Michael L. Khoo, Lester H. Law, Jerry M. Lombardini, Eric D. Ruehl-Fehlert, Christine Segner, Helmut E. Smith, Stephen A. Spitsbergen, Jan M. Weber, Klaus Wolfe, Marilyn J. TI Nonlesions, Misdiagnoses, Missed Diagnoses, and Other Interpretive Challenges in Fish Histopathology Studies: A Guide for Investigators, Authors, Reviewers, and Readers SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE artifacts; diagnostic accuracy; fish histopathology; nonlesions; tissue fixation; misdiagnosis ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PATHOLOGY WORKING GROUP; RAINBOW-TROUT; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; NILE TILAPIA; TOXICITY; CRITERIA; LESIONS; SITE; GILLS AB Differentiating salient histopathologic changes from normal anatomic features or tissue artifacts can be decidedly challenging, especially for the novice fish pathologist. As a consequence, findings of questionable accuracy may be reported inadvertently, and the potential negative impacts of publishing inaccurate histopathologic interpretations are not always fully appreciated. The objectives of this article are to illustrate a number of specific morphologic findings in commonly examined fish tissues (e.g., gills, liver, kidney, and gonads) that are frequently either misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed, and to address related issues involving the interpretation of histopathologic data. To enhance the utility of this article as a guide, photomicrographs of normal and abnormal specimens are presented. General recommendations for generating and publishing results from histopathology studies are additionally provided. It is hoped that the furnished information will be a useful resource for manuscript generation, by helping authors, reviewers, and readers to critically assess fish histopathologic data. C1 [Wolf, Jeffrey C.; Wolfe, Marilyn J.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Sterling, VA USA. [Baumgartner, Wes A.] Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Populat Med, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Blazer, Vicki S.] US Geol Survey, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Engelhardt, Jeffery A.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Camarillo, CA USA. [Fournie, John W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Frasca, Salvatore, Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Connecticut Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Storrs, CT USA. [Groman, David B.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Aquat Diagnost Serv, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada. [Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Khoo, Lester H.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS USA. [Law, Jerry M.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Aquat Ecotoxicol, Raleigh, NC USA. [Lombardini, Eric D.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Vet Med, Div Comparat Pathol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Lombardini, Eric D.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Vet Med, Div Vet Med Res, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Ruehl-Fehlert, Christine] Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany. [Segner, Helmut E.] Univ Bern, Ctr Fish & Wildlife Hlth, Bern, Switzerland. [Smith, Stephen A.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Spitsbergen, Jan M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fish Dis Res Grp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Weber, Klaus] AnaPath GmbH, Oberbuchsiten, Switzerland. RP Wolf, JC (reprint author), 45600 Terminal Dr, Sterling, VA 20166 USA. EM jwolf@epl-inc.com NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 43 IS 3 BP 297 EP 325 DI 10.1177/0192623314540229 PG 29 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA CG3AN UT WOS:000353148900001 PM 25112278 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Villeneuve, DL AF Ankley, Gerald T. Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI Temporal Changes in Biological Responses and Uncertainty in Assessing Risks of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Insights from Intensive Time-Course Studies with Fish SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE endocrine function; fish; toxicity; compensation; risk assessment ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TERM REPRODUCTION ASSAY; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; 3-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE INHIBITOR; SUCKER CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; KRAFT PULP-MILL; FATHEAD MINNOW; RAT TESTIS AB Most toxicological testing focuses on defining concentration/dose-response relationships, with little consideration to temporal aspects of the expression of chemical effects. Yet, both dose and time are critical to evaluating potential risks. Our lab has generated an extensive amount of linked dose-response and time-course data for eight model endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) using adult fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Herein we conduct a meta-analysis of this novel dataset, with an emphasis on defining interactions between dose and time on several molecular and biochemical endpoints indicative of endocrine function, both during chemical exposure and recovery. Direct effects of the EDCs were very rapid, often occurring within 24 h or less. Recovery after removal of the chemical stressors was similarly rapid. All experiments provided evidence of system compensation. For example, measures of endocrine perturbation early in an experiment, especially in low-dose treatments, often recovered to control values while a chemical exposure was ongoing. In experiments with several of the EDCs, shortly after cessation of the chemical exposure there was an "overshoot" behavior, in which different measures of endocrine function exceeded control values. Overall, when an endpoint was measured was as an important determinant in identifying a chemical as endocrine-active, as the dose to which the animal was exposed. The compensatory responses during exposure and early recovery after removal of the chemical stressor also produced examples of nonmonotonic dose-response relationships. The types of interactions between time and dose observed in these studies have a number of important implications for screening, testing, and monitoring programs for EDCs. C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov NR 96 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 144 IS 2 BP 259 EP 275 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfu320 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CG8FT UT WOS:000353543400007 PM 25564424 ER PT J AU Reiner, JL Blaine, AC Higgins, CP Huset, C Jenkins, TM Kwadijk, CJAF Lange, CC Muir, DCG Reagen, WK Rich, C Small, JM Strynar, MJ Washington, JW Yoo, H Keller, JM AF Reiner, Jessica L. Blaine, Andrea C. Higgins, Christopher P. Huset, Carin Jenkins, Thomas M. Kwadijk, Christiaan J. A. F. Lange, Cleston C. Muir, Derek C. G. Reagen, William K. Rich, Courtney Small, Jeff M. Strynar, Mark J. Washington, John W. Yoo, Hoon Keller, Jennifer M. TI Polyfluorinated substances in abiotic standard reference materials SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Polyfluorinated substances; Standard reference materials; Sediment; Sludge; House dust; Interlaboratory comparison exercise ID ALKYL ACID CONCENTRATIONS; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; SPATIAL TRENDS; HUMAN PLASMA; HOUSE-DUST; PERFLUOROCHEMICALS; CONTAMINANTS; CHINA AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a wide range of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) which have values assigned for legacy organic pollutants and toxic elements. Existing SRMs serve as homogenous materials that can be used for method development, method validation, and measurement for contaminants that are now of concern. NIST and multiple groups have been measuring the mass fraction of a group of emerging contaminants, polyfluorinated substances (PFASs), in a variety of SRMs. Here we report levels determined in an interlaboratory comparison of up to 23 PFASs determined in five SRMs: sediment (SRMs 1941b and 1944), house dust (SRM 2585), soil (SRM 2586), and sludge (SRM 2781). Measurements presented show an array of PFASs, with perfluorooctane sulfonate being the most frequently detected. SRMs 1941b, 1944, and 2586 had relatively low concentrations of most PFASs measured while 23 PFASs were at detectable levels in SRM 2585 and most of the PFASs measured were at detectable levels in SRM 2781. The measurements made in this study were used to add values to the Certificates of Analysis for SRMs 2585 and 2781. C1 [Reiner, Jessica L.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Reiner, Jessica L.; Keller, Jennifer M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Blaine, Andrea C.; Higgins, Christopher P.; Rich, Courtney] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Huset, Carin] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Jenkins, Thomas M.; Washington, John W.; Yoo, Hoon] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kwadijk, Christiaan J. A. F.] Wageningen IMARES, NL-1970 Ijmuiden, Netherlands. [Lange, Cleston C.; Reagen, William K.] 3M Co, Environm Lab, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Muir, Derek C. G.; Small, Jeff M.] Environm Canada, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Reiner, JL (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM jessica.reiner@nist.gov RI Higgins, Christopher/B-1836-2010; OI Higgins, Christopher/0000-0001-6220-8673; Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776; Lange, Cleston/0000-0002-9203-5918 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 407 IS 11 BP 2975 EP 2983 DI 10.1007/s00216-013-7330-2 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CF1GJ UT WOS:000352292000005 PM 26005739 ER PT J AU Marton, JM Creed, IF Lewis, DB Lane, CR Basu, NB Cohen, MJ Craft, CB AF Marton, John M. Creed, Irena F. Lewis, David B. Lane, Charles R. Basu, Nandita B. Cohen, Matthew J. Craft, Christopher B. TI Geographically Isolated Wetlands are Important Biogeochemical Reactors on the Landscape SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE geographically isolated wetlands; connectivity; adjacency; biogeochemistry; wetland protection ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; SURROUNDING PASTURE UPLANDS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; NUTRIENT RETENTION; RESTORED WETLANDS; HYDROLOGIC CONNECTIVITY; HEADWATER STREAMS; SOIL-NITROGEN; UNITED-STATES AB Wetlands provide many ecosystem services, including sediment and carbon retention, nutrient transformation, and water quality improvement. Although all wetlands are biogeochemical hotspots, geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs) receive fewer legal protections compared with other types of wetlands because of their apparent isolation from jurisdictional waters. Here, we consider controls on biogeochemical functions that influence water quality, and estimate changes in ecosystem service delivery that would occur if these landscape features were lost following recent US Supreme Court decisions (i.e., Rapanos, SWANCC). We conclude that, despite their lack of persistent surfacewater connectivity or adjacency to jurisdictional waters, GIWs are integral to biogeochemical processing on the landscape and therefore maintaining the integrity of US waters. Given the likelihood that any GIW contributes to downstream water quality, we suggest that the burden of proof could be shifted to assuming that all GIWs are critical for protecting aquatic systems until proven otherwise. C1 [Marton, John M.; Craft, Christopher B.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Marton, John M.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA. [Creed, Irena F.] Western Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Lewis, David B.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Lane, Charles R.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Basu, Nandita B.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Cohen, Matthew J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Marton, JM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RI Lewis, David/B-6313-2009 OI Lewis, David/0000-0002-8094-1577 FU National Science Foundation [1251653]; US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096] FX The idea for this article originated during the "Geographically Isolated Wetlands Research Workshop," convened and cohosted by the US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development and the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center and held in Newton, Georgia, on 18-21 November 2013. DBL was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant no. 1251653. Ellen D'Amico of the Dynamac Corporation, a contractor to the US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development under contract no. EP-D-06-096, provided support in developing figure 1. This article has been reviewed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Statements in this publication reflect the authors' professional views and opinions and should not be construed to represent any determination or policy of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 55 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD APR PY 2015 VL 65 IS 4 BP 408 EP 418 DI 10.1093/biosci/biv009 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CF6ET UT WOS:000352650400012 ER PT J AU Imaizumi, F Sidle, RC Togari-Ohta, A Shimamura, M AF Imaizumi, Fumitoshi Sidle, Roy C. Togari-Ohta, Asako Shimamura, Makoto TI Temporal and spatial variation of infilling processes in a landslide scar in a steep mountainous region, Japan SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE landslide; infilling; soil creep; dry ravel; sediment flux ID OREGON COAST RANGE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SOIL PRODUCTION; EROSION RATES; HILLSLOPES; MODEL; SOLIFLUCTION; CREEP; CHRONOSEQUENCE; EQUILIBRIUM AB The duration of the soil-depth recovery needed for reoccurrence of shallow colluvial landslides at a given site in humid regions is much longer than the return period of rainfall needed to generate sufficient pore water pressure to initiate a landslide. Knowledge of the rate of change in soil depth in landslide scars is therefore necessary to evaluate return intervals of landslides. Spatial variation in sediment transport at the Kumanodaira landslide scar in central Japan was investigated by field observations. Spatial distribution of the rate of change in soil depth was estimated using sediment transport data and geographic information system (GIS) analysis. Observations revealed that the timing of sediment transport differed for shallow and deep soil layers. Near-surface sediment transport (mostly dry ravel and some shallow soil creep at depths 005 m) measured in sediment traps was active in winter and early spring and was affected by freezing-thawing; soil creep of subsoil (i.e. >005 m), monitored by strain probes, was active in summer and autumn when precipitation was abundant. Near-surface sediment flux was estimated by a power law function of slope gradient. Deeper soil creep was more affected by relative location to the landslide scar, which influences soil depth, than by slope gradient. Our study indicated that the rate of soil-depth recovery is high just below the head scarp of the landslide. Abrupt changes in the longitudinal slope topography immediately above, within and just below the head scarp became smoother with time due to degradation proximate to the landslide head scarp and flanks, as well as aggradation just below the head scarp. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Imaizumi, Fumitoshi] Shizuoka Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Togari-Ohta, Asako] East Japan Railway Co, Ctr Res & Dev, Disaster Prevent Res Lab, Saitama, Japan. [Shimamura, Makoto] Univ Tokyo, Sch Engn, Tokyo, Japan. RP Imaizumi, F (reprint author), Shizuoka Univ, Grad Sch Agr, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. EM imaizumi@cii.shizuoka.ac.jp FU JSPS KAKENHI [24780141] FX This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 24780141. The authors are grateful to Dr Ryoko Nishii who provided useul comments on this paper. The authors thank Professor Mieko Sonoda for the advice on the use of strain probes, and members of the Geohazards Division of DPRI, Kyoto University, Takashi Saito, Mika Yamao, and Sohei Kobayashi, for help with the field study. This document has been reviewed in accordance with US Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD APR PY 2015 VL 40 IS 5 BP 642 EP 653 DI 10.1002/esp.3659 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CG1LG UT WOS:000353033500006 ER PT J AU Ingwersen, WW Hawkins, TR Transue, TR Meyer, DE Moore, G Kahn, E Arbuckle, P Paulsen, H Norris, GA AF Ingwersen, Wesley W. Hawkins, Troy R. Transue, Thomas R. Meyer, David E. Moore, Gary Kahn, Ezra Arbuckle, Peter Paulsen, Heidi Norris, Gregory A. TI A new data architecture for advancing life cycle assessment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Life cycle assessment; Life cycle impact assessment; Resource description framework; Data harmonization; Nomenclature; Ontology ID ONTOLOGY AB Life cycle assessment (LCA) has a technical architecture that limits data interoperability, transparency, and automated integration of external data. More advanced information technologies offer promise for increasing the ease with which information can be synthesized within an LCA framework. A new architecture is described that combines, stores, and annotates data for life cycle assessment. The Resource Description Framework is proposed for managing LCA data. To explore the capabilities of this approach, the LCA Harmonization Tool (LCA-HT) is being developed to map and store data from different sources and to clearly capture user-defined relationships between nomenclatures for easy use. It will enable increased interoperability of LCA data and more structured and automated incorporation of non-LCA data into LCA models. The LCA-HT is intended to be a core component of LCA data architecture (a data commons) used by US federal agencies and other data providers to make data representing US conditions more accessible for public use. It will also be used to bring together data from human health exposure models with traditional LCA for evaluating near-field human health risk in the life cycle context to demonstrate the practical advancements possible with this new architecture. The tool will remain open source and freely available. C1 [Ingwersen, Wesley W.; Meyer, David E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hawkins, Troy R.] Enviance Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Transue, Thomas R.] Lockheed Martin, Durham, NC USA. [Moore, Gary; Kahn, Ezra; Arbuckle, Peter] ARS, Natl Agr Lib, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Paulsen, Heidi] US EPA, Off Environm Informat, Durham, NC USA. [Norris, Gregory A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Ingwersen, WW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ingwersen.wesley@epa.gov OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 EI 1614-7502 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD APR PY 2015 VL 20 IS 4 BP 520 EP 526 DI 10.1007/s11367-015-0850-6 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF6FA UT WOS:000352651200008 ER PT J AU Patlewicz, G Simon, TW Rowlands, JC Budinsky, RA Becker, RA AF Patlewicz, Grace Simon, Ted W. Rowlands, J. Craig Budinsky, Robert A. Becker, Richard A. TI Proposing a scientific confidence framework to help support the application of adverse outcome pathways for regulatory purposes SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Scientific confidence framework (SCF); Adverse outcome pathway (ADP); Mode of action (MoA); Integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA); (Q)SAR; Read-across; Exposure:activity ratio (EAR) ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; MECHANISTIC APPLICABILITY DOMAINS; SCREENING CONTACT ALLERGENS; DOSE-RESPONSE FRAMEWORK; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; SKIN SENSITIZATION; IN-VITRO; RISK-ASSESSMENT; READ-ACROSS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB An adverse outcome pathway (ADP) describes the causal linkage between initial molecular events and an adverse outcome at individual or population levels. Whilst there has been considerable momentum in AOP development, far less attention has been paid to how AOPs might be practically applied for different regulatory purposes. This paper proposes a scientific confidence framework (SCF) for evaluating and applying a given AOP for different regulatory purposes ranging from prioritizing chemicals for further evaluation, to hazard prediction, and ultimately, risk assessment. The framework is illustrated using three different AOPs for several typical regulatory applications. The AOPs chosen are ones that have been recently developed and/or published, namely those for estrogenic effects, skin sensitisation, and rodent liver tumor promotion. The examples confirm how critical the data-richness of an AOP is for driving its practical application. In terms of performing risk assessment, human dosimetry methods are necessary to inform meaningful comparisons with human exposures; dosimetry is applied to effect levels based on non-testing approaches and in vitro data. Such a comparison is presented in the form of an exposure:activity ratio (EAR) to interpret biological activity in the context of exposure and to provide a basis for product stewardship and regulatory decision making. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Patlewicz, Grace] DuPont Haskell Global Ctr Hlth & Environm Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Simon, Ted W.] Ted Simon LLC, Winston, GA 30187 USA. [Rowlands, J. Craig; Budinsky, Robert A.] Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Becker, Richard A.] Amer Chem Council, Regulatory & Tech Affairs Dept, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Patlewicz, G (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM patlewig@hotmail.com OI Patlewicz, Grace/0000-0003-3863-9689 FU American Chemistry Council (ACC) FX The authors had complete control over the design, conduct, interpretation, and reporting of the analyses included in this manuscript. The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of their employers. Ted Simon received funding to support this research from the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Robert Budinsky, Craig Rowlands, and Grace Patlewicz are or were employed by companies engaged in chemical product manufacturing. Richard Becker is employed by ACC, a trade association of U. S. chemical manufacturers. NR 113 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 71 IS 3 BP 463 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.02.011 PG 15 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CF8PG UT WOS:000352823800012 PM 25707856 ER PT J AU Franasiak, JM Burns, KA Slayden, O Yuan, LW Fritz, MA Korach, KS Lessey, BA Young, SL AF Franasiak, Jason M. Burns, Katherine A. Slayden, Ov Yuan, Lingwen Fritz, Marc A. Korach, Kenneth S. Lessey, Bruce A. Young, Steven L. TI Endometrial CXCL13 Expression Is Cycle Regulated in Humans and Aberrantly Expressed in Humans and Rhesus Macaques With Endometriosis SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE CXCL13; endometriosis; proliferative phase ID GENE-EXPRESSION; CHEMOKINE CXCL13; PROGESTERONE RESISTANCE; IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS; PELVIC ENDOMETRIOSIS; EUTOPIC ENDOMETRIUM; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; CANCER CELLS; WOMEN; RECRUITMENT AB C-X-C ligand 13 (CXCL13), a regulator of mucosal immunity, is secreted by human endometrial epithelium and may be involved in embryo implantation. However, cyclic expression of human endometrial CXCL13 in health and disease is not well studied. This study examines cycle stage-specific endometrial CXCL13 expression in normal humans when compared to those with biopsy-confirmed, stage 1 to 4 endometriosis using real-time reverse transcriptase, real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Eutopic endometrial CXCL13 expression was also compared between normal, control Rhesus macaques, and macaques with advanced endometriosis. In healthy women, CXLC13 messenger RNA expression was minimal in the proliferative phase and maximal in the secretory phase. However, in the presence of endometriosis, proliferative-phase endometrial expression markedly increased in both humans and rhesus subjects (P < .05). The cross-species and cross-stage concordance suggests a pathophysiologic role for CXCL13 in endometriosis and its use as a biomarker for disease. C1 [Franasiak, Jason M.] Rutgers State Univ, Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Basking Ridge, NJ USA. [Burns, Katherine A.; Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Slayden, Ov] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Natl Primate Res Ctr, Beaverton, OR USA. [Yuan, Lingwen; Fritz, Marc A.; Young, Steven L.] UNC Sch Med, Ob Gyn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lessey, Bruce A.] Greenville Hlth Syst, Ob Gyn, Greenville, SC USA. RP Young, SL (reprint author), 4005 Old Clin Bldg,Campus Box 7570, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM steven_young@med.unc.edu OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU University of North Carolina Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [R01HD067721]; Division of Intramural Research of the NIH Health Sciences [Z01 ES70065]; NIH [U51OD011092] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by the University of North Carolina Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division (MAF, JMF, and SLY) and the following federal support: NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R01HD067721 to BAL & SLY, the Division of Intramural Research of the NIH Health Sciences Z01 ES70065 to KSK and KAB, and NIH U51OD011092 to OS. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 22 IS 4 BP 442 EP 451 DI 10.1177/1933719114542011 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA CF8GT UT WOS:000352794900008 PM 25031316 ER PT J AU Procter, AC Gill, RA Fay, PA Polley, HW Jackson, RB AF Procter, Andrew C. Gill, Richard A. Fay, Philip A. Polley, H. Wayne Jackson, Robert B. TI Soil carbon responses to past and future CO2 in three Texas prairie soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; Gradient; Grassland; Soil carbon; Decomposition; Soil type ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; WARM-TEMPERATE FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; GRASSLAND SOILS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; NITROGEN; POOLS; PRODUCTIVITY AB Changes in soil carbon storage could affect and be affected by rising atmospheric CO2. However, it is unlikely that soils will respond uniformly, as some soils are more sensitive to changes in the amount and chemistry of plant tissue inputs whereas others are less sensitive because of mineralogical, textural, or microbial processes. We studied soil carbon and microbial responses to a preindustrial-to-future CO2 gradient (250-500 ppm) in a grassland ecosystem in the field. The ecosystem contains three soil types with clay fractions of 15%-55%: a sandy loam Alfisol, a silty clay Mollisol, and a black clay Vertisol. Soil and microbial responses to atmospheric CO2 are plant-mediated; and aboveground plant productivity in this ecosystem increased linearly with CO2 in the sandy loam and silty clay. Although total soil organic carbon (SOC) did not change with CO2 treatment after four growing seasons, fast-cycling SOC pools increased with CO2 in the two clay soils. Microbial biomass increased 18% and microbial activity increased 30% across the CO2 gradient in the black clay (55% clay), but neither factor changed with CO2 in the sandy loam (15% clay). Similarly, size fractionation of SOC showed that coarse POM-C, the youngest and most labile fraction, increased four-fold across the CO2 gradient in the black clay, but increased by only 50% across the gradient in the sandy loam. Interestingly, mineral-associated C, the oldest and most recalcitrant fraction, declined 23% across the gradient in the third soil type, a silty clay (45% clay). Our results provide evidence for priming in this soil type, as labile C availability and decomposition rate (measured as soil respiration and soil C mineralization) also increased across the CO2 gradient in the silty clay soil. In summary, CO2 enrichment in this grassland increased the fast-cycling SOC pool as in other CO2 studies, but only in the two high-clay soils. Priming in the silty clay could limit SOC accumulation after prolonged CO2 exposure. Because soil texture varies geographically, including data on soil types could enhance predictions of soil carbon and microbial responses to future CO2 levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Procter, Andrew C.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Gill, Richard A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Fay, Philip A.; Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Procter, AC (reprint author), US EPA, ORISE, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM acprocter@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy (Program in Ecosystem Research) [ER64242]; National Science Foundation (Graduate Research Fellowship Program); Sigma Xi; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We thank John Kim and Sean Berthrong for their constructive criticism on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Virginia Jin determined field capacity of the soils used in the CO2 gradient, and provided soil samples for testing. Alexia Kelley helped with the incubation experiment and provided enzyme data. Chris Kolodziejczyk, Kyle liner, and Katherine Jones operated CO2 chambers. This project was supported by funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (Program in Ecosystem Research no. ER64242), the National Science Foundation (Graduate Research Fellowship Program), Sigma Xi, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 83 BP 66 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.012 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CG1BA UT WOS:000353006800009 ER PT J AU Barron, MG Lilavois, CR Martin, TM AF Barron, M. G. Lilavois, C. R. Martin, T. M. TI MOAtox: A comprehensive mode of action and acute aquatic toxicity database for predictive model development SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE QSAR; Toxicity; Model; Mode of action; Fish; Invertebrate ID CLASSIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; CHEMICALS AB The mode of toxic action (MOA) has been recognized as a key determinant of chemical toxicity and as an alternative to chemical class-based predictive toxicity modeling. However, the development of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) and other models has been limited by the availability of comprehensive high quality MOA and toxicity databases. The current study developed a dataset of MOA assignments for 1213 chemicals that included a diversity of metals, pesticides, and other organic compounds that encompassed six broad and 31 specific MOAs. MOA assignments were made using a combination of high confidence approaches that included international consensus classifications, QSAR predictions, and weight of evidence professional judgment based on an assessment of structure and literature information. A toxicity database of 674 acute values linked to chemical MOA was developed for fish and invertebrates. Additionally, species-specific measured or high confidence estimated acute values were developed for the four aquatic species with the most reported toxicity values: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), and the cladoceran (Daphnia magna). Measured acute toxicity values met strict standardization and quality assurance requirements. Toxicity values for chemicals with missing species-specific data were estimated using established interspecies correlation models and procedures (Web-ICE; http://epa.gov/ceampubl/fchain/webice/), with the highest confidence values selected. The resulting dataset of MOA assignments and paired toxicity values are provided in spreadsheet format as a comprehensive standardized dataset available for predictive aquatic toxicology model development. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Barron, M. G.; Lilavois, C. R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Martin, T. M.] US EPA, Off Res Dev, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OK USA. RP Barron, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM Barron.mace@epa.gov NR 24 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 161 BP 102 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.02.001 PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA CE9QC UT WOS:000352177500012 PM 25700118 ER PT J AU Batterman, S Cook, R Justin, T AF Batterman, Stuart Cook, Richard Justin, Thomas TI Temporal variation of traffic on highways and the development of accurate temporal allocation factors for air pollution analyses SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Classification; Freeways; Highways; Mobile sources; Traffic; Vehicles ID NEAR-ROAD EXPOSURES; ON-ROAD; EMISSIONS; QUALITY; DISPERSION; HEALTH; MODEL AB Traffic activity encompasses the number, mix, speed and acceleration of vehicles on roadways. The temporal pattern and variation of traffic activity reflects vehicle use, congestion and safety issues, and it represents a major influence on emissions and concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants. Accurate characterization of vehicle flows is critical in analyzing and modeling urban and local-scale pollutants, especially in near-road environments and traffic corridors. This study describes methods to improve the characterization of temporal variation of traffic activity. Annual, monthly, daily and hourly temporal allocation factors (TAFs), which describe the expected temporal variation in traffic activity, were developed using four years of hourly traffic activity data recorded at 14 continuous counting stations across the Detroit, Michigan, U.S. region. Five sites also provided vehicle classification. TAF-based models provide a simple means to apportion annual average estimates of traffic volume to hourly estimates. The analysis shows the need to separate TAFs for total and commercial vehicles, and weekdays, Saturdays, Sundays and observed holidays. Using either site-specific or urban-wide TAFs, nearly all of the variation in historical traffic activity at the street scale could be explained; unexplained variation was attributed to adverse weather, traffic accidents and construction. The methods and results presented in this paper can improve air quality dispersion modeling of mobile sources, and can be used to evaluate and model temporal variation in ambient air quality monitoring data and exposure estimates. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Batterman, Stuart] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cook, Richard] US EPA, Hlth Effects Benefits & Air Toxics Ctr, Assessment & Stand Div, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Justin, Thomas] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Batterman, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 1420 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM stuartb@umich.edu; Cook.Rich@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [R-82811201]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P30ES017885] FX Research described in this article was conducted under contract to the Health Effects Institute (HEI), an organization jointly funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Assistance Award No. R-82811201) and certain motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views of HEI, or its sponsors, nor do they necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA or motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. Additional support was obtained from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) through grant P30ES017885 "Lifestage exposures and adult disease." This work has not been reviewed by the US EPA or approved for publication. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2015 VL 107 BP 351 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.047 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CE6UY UT WOS:000351974900035 PM 25844042 ER PT J AU Kahle, JJ Neas, LM Devlin, RB Case, MW Schmitt, MT Madden, MC Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Kahle, Juliette J. Neas, Lucas M. Devlin, Robert B. Case, Martin W. Schmitt, Michael T. Madden, Michael C. Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Interaction Effects of Temperature and Ozone on Lung Function and Markers of Systemic Inflammation, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis: A Crossover Study of Healthy Young Volunteers SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY-FUNCTION CHANGES; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; HIGH AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; HOSPITAL CARDIAC-ARREST; PPM OZONE; DAILY MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; TRIANGULAR PROFILES; 6.6-HOUR EXPOSURE; MODERATE EXERCISE AB Background: Trends in climate suggest that extreme weather events such as heat waves will become more common. High levels of the gaseous pollutant ozone are associated with elevated temperatures. Ozone has been associated with respiratory diseases as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and can reduce lung function and alter systemic markers of fibrinolysis. The interaction between ozone and temperature is unclear. Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers were exposed in a randomized crossover study to 0.3 ppm ozone and clean air for 2 hr at moderate (22 degrees C) temperature and again at an elevated temperature (32.5 degrees C). In each case lung function was performed and blood taken before and immediately after exposure and the next morning. Results: Ozone exposure at 22 degrees C resulted in a decrease in markers of fibrinolysis the next day. There was a 51.8% net decrease in PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), a 12.1% net decrease in plasminogen, and a 17.8% net increase in D-dimer. These significantly differed from the response at 32.5 degrees C, where there was a 44.9% (p = 0.002) and a 27.9% (p = 0.001) increase in PAI-1 and plasminogen, respectively, and a 12.5% (p = 0.042) decrease in D-dimer. In contrast, decrements in lung function following ozone exposure were comparable at both moderate and elevated temperatures (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, -12.4% vs. -7.5%, p > 0.05). No changes in systemic markers of inflammation were observed for either temperature. Conclusion: Ozone-induced systemic but not respiratory effects varied according to temperature. Our study suggests that at moderate temperature ozone may activate the fibrinolytic pathway, while at elevated temperature ozone may impair it. These findings provide a biological basis for the interaction between temperature and ozone on mortality observed in some epidemiologic studies. C1 [Kahle, Juliette J.; Neas, Lucas M.; Devlin, Robert B.; Case, Martin W.; Schmitt, Michael T.; Madden, Michael C.; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Diaz-Sanchez, D (reprint author), EPA Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Diaz-Sanchez.David@EPA.gov NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2015 VL 123 IS 4 BP 310 EP 316 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307986 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CE9ML UT WOS:000352168000015 PM 25514459 ER PT J AU Gao, XH Yu, LD Moore, AB Kissling, GE Waalkes, MP Dixon, D AF Gao, Xiaohua Yu, Linda Moore, Alicia B. Kissling, Grace E. Waalkes, Michael P. Dixon, Darlene TI Cadmium and Proliferation in Human Uterine Leiomyoma Cells: Evidence of a Role for EGFR/MAPK Pathways but Not Classical Estrogen Receptor Pathways SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; TYROSINE KINASES; IN-VIVO; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; EXPRESSION; EGFR AB Background: It has been proposed that cadmium (Cd) is an environmental "metalloestrogen" and that its action is mediated via the estrogen receptor (ER). Cd mimics the effects of estrogen in the rat uterus, and blood Cd concentrations positively correlate with ER levels in uteri of women with fibroids. Objectives: In the present study we explored whether Cd could stimulate proliferation of estrogen-responsive human uterine leiomyoma (ht-UtLM) cells and uterine smooth muscle cells (ht-UtSMCs) through classical interactions with ER alpha and ER beta, or by nongenomic mechanisms. Methods: We used estrogen response element (ERE) reporters, phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase arrays, Western blot analysis, estrogen binding, and cell proliferation assays to evaluate the effects of Cd on ht-UtLM cells and ht-UtSMCs. Results: Cd stimulated growth of both cell types at lower concentrations and inhibited growth at higher concentrations (>= 50 mu M). Cd did not significantly bind to ER alpha or ER beta, nor did it show transactivation in both cell types transiently transfected with ERE reporter genes. However, in both cells types, Cd (0.1 mu M and 10 mu M) activated p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2), and a MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) abrogated Cd-induced cell proliferation. Cd in ht-UtLM cells, but not in ht-UtSMCs, activated the growth factor receptors EGFR, HGFR, and VEGF-R1 upstream of MAPK. Additional studies in ht-UtLM cells showed that AG1478, an EGFR inhibitor, abolished Cd-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and MAPK. Conclusions: Our results show that low concentrations of Cd stimulated cell proliferation in estrogen-responsive uterine cells by nongenomic activation of MAPK, but not through classical ER-mediated pathways. C1 [Gao, Xiaohua; Yu, Linda; Moore, Alicia B.; Dixon, Darlene] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Pathogenesis Grp, NTP Lab, DNTP,NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kissling, Grace E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, DIR, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kissling, Grace E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, DNTP, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Waalkes, Michael P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Inorgan Toxicol Grp, DNTP, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Dixon, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, POB 12233,MD B3-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM dixon@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIEHS; DNTP FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIEHS, and DNTP. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 15 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2015 VL 123 IS 4 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408234 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CE9ML UT WOS:000352168000018 PM 25343777 ER PT J AU Bencic, DC AF Bencic, David C. TI The Challenge: Real-world application of 'omics endpoints SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bencic, DC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bencic.david@epa.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 4 BP 700 EP 700 DI 10.1002/etc.2841 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CE8NY UT WOS:000352101100002 PM 25809100 ER PT J AU Biales, AD Fritsch, EB Connon, RE AF Biales, Adam D. Fritsch, Erika B. Connon, Richard E. TI The Challenge: Real-world application of 'omics endpoints Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; IDENTIFICATION C1 [Biales, Adam D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fritsch, Erika B.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Connon, Richard E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Biales, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 4 BP 700 EP 702 DI 10.1002/etc.2839 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CE8NY UT WOS:000352101100003 PM 25809101 ER PT J AU Schoenfuss, HL Wang, RL AF Schoenfuss, Heiko L. Wang, Rong-Lin TI In Response: Embracing 'omic diversity: A mixed academic/government perspective SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTOME; EVOLUTION C1 [Schoenfuss, Heiko L.] St Cloud State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Wang, Rong-Lin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Schoenfuss, HL (reprint author), St Cloud State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 4 BP 702 EP 704 DI 10.1002/etc.2842 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CE8NY UT WOS:000352101100004 PM 25809102 ER PT J AU Bencic, DC AF Bencic, David C. TI In Summary SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bencic, DC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 4 BP 706 EP 706 DI 10.1002/etc.2844 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CE8NY UT WOS:000352101100006 PM 25809104 ER PT J AU Kadiiska, MB Peddada, S Herbert, RA Basu, S Hensley, K Jones, DP Hatch, GE Mason, RP AF Kadiiska, Maria B. Peddada, Shyamal Herbert, Ronald A. Basu, Samar Hensley, Kenneth Jones, Dean P. Hatch, Gary E. Mason, Ronald P. TI Biomarkers of oxidative stress study VI. Endogenous plasma antioxidants fail as useful biomarkers of endotoxin-induced oxidative stress SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE LPS; Oxidative stress; Biomarkers; Plasma antioxidants; Mini-pig model; Free radicals ID EXPERIMENTAL SEPTIC SHOCK; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; HUMAN-BLOOD PLASMA; VITAMIN-E; URIC-ACID; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; INNATE IMMUNITY; ASCORBIC-ACID; REDOX STATE AB This is the newest report in a series of publications aiming to identify a blood-based antioxidant biomarker that could serve as an in vivo indicator of oxidative stress. The goal of the study was to test whether acutely exposing Gottingen mini pigs to the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in a loss of antioxidants from plasma. We set as a criterion that a significant effect should be measured in plasma and seen at both doses and at more than one time point Animals were injected with two doses of LPS at 2.5 and 514/kg iv. Control plasma was collected from each animal before the LPS injection. After the LPS injection, plasma samples were collected at 2, 16, 48, and 72 h. Compared with the controls at the same time point, statistically significant losses were not found for either dose at multiple time points in any of the following potential markers: ascorbic acid, tocopherols (alpha, delta, gamma), ratios of GSH/GSSG and cysteine/cystine, mixed disulfides, and total antioxidant capacity. However, uric acid, total GSH, and total Cys were significantly increased, probably because LPS had a harmful effect on the liver. The leakage of substances from damaged cells into the plasma may have increased plasma antioxidant concentrations, making changes difficult to interpret Although this study used a mini-pig animal model of LPS-induced oxidative stress, it confirmed our previous findings in different rat models that measurement of antioxidants in plasma is not useful for the assessment of oxidative damage in vivo. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kadiiska, Maria B.; Peddada, Shyamal; Herbert, Ronald A.; Mason, Ronald P.] NIEHS, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Basu, Samar] Uppsala Univ, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Oxidat Stress & Inflammat, Uppsala, Sweden. [Hensley, Kenneth] Univ Toledo, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. [Jones, Dean P.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hatch, Gary E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kadiiska, MB (reprint author), NIEHS, 111 TW Alexander Dr,MD F0-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health FX The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health. The authors thank Jean Corbett Ralph Wilson, Ralph Slade, Kay Crissman, and Judy Richards, for excellent technical support The authors also thank Dr. Ann Motten and Ms. Mary J. Mason for editorial assistance. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 2015 VL 81 BP 100 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.01.006 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CE9PL UT WOS:000352175800011 PM 25614459 ER PT J AU Goodell, EF Ellestad, LE Chambers, IG Stevens, K Villeneuve, DL Orlando, EF AF Goodell, E. F. Ellestad, L. E. Chambers, I. G. Stevens, K. Villeneuve, D. L. Orlando, E. F. TI Cloning, Initial Characterization, and Ontogenic Expression of Membrane Progesterone Receptors in the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC USA. Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM eorlando@umd.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P2.136 BP E265 EP E265 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401339 ER PT J AU Tran, LT O'Neill, RV Bruins, RJF Smith, ER Harden, C AF Tran, Liem T. O'Neill, Robert V. Bruins, Randall J. F. Smith, Elizabeth R. Harden, Carol TI Linking land use/land cover with climatic and geomorphologic factors in regional mean annual streamflow models with geospatial regression approach SO PROGRESS IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Mean annual streamflow; geospatial regression; spatial error model; Upper Mississippi River Basin; land use; land cover ID UNITED-STATES AB Estimates of annual streamflow in connection with key natural and anthropogenic factors are necessary and important for different purposes, such as water resource planning and management, sediment and nutrient loading in streams and rivers, hydropower, and navigation. This study is an attempt to use the spatial statistical regression approach to develop regression models for mean annual streamflow at regional scale while adequately dealing with the common spatial dependency issue in input and output variables used in regression models. The proposed modeling approach is illustrated with a case study of the Upper Mississippi River Basin. The R-squared and the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient of the regional model were 0.993 and 0.985, respectively, while those of the sub-regional model were 0.995 and 0.990, respectively. Methodologically, the proposed model provided an effective way to utilize an extensive spatial dataset of various climatic, geomorphologic, and land cover variables for a large region like the Upper Mississippi River Basin to assess and compare the impact of various factors on mean annual streamflow at regional scale. Furthermore, the model was able to handle spatial dependency in data. C1 [Tran, Liem T.; Harden, Carol] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [O'Neill, Robert V.] OTIE, Washington, DC USA. [Bruins, Randall J. F.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Smith, Elizabeth R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Tran, LT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ltran1@utk.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency [IA 95796201-0] FX This research was partially funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency via the Interagency Agreement IA 95796201-0. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0309-1333 EI 1477-0296 J9 PROG PHYS GEOG JI Prog. Phys. Geogr. PD APR PY 2015 VL 39 IS 2 BP 258 EP 274 DI 10.1177/0309133314562441 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CF4UT UT WOS:000352548500005 ER PT J AU Lane, CR Anenkhonov, O Liu, HX Autrey, BC Chepinoga, V AF Lane, Charles R. Anenkhonov, Oleg Liu, Hongxing Autrey, Bradley C. Chepinoga, Victor TI Classification and inventory of freshwater wetlands and aquatic habitats in the Selenga River Delta of Lake Baikal, Russia, using high-resolution satellite imagery SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Worldview-2; Eight band; Climate change; Indicator species analysis; Hierarchical classification ID TEXTURE ANALYSIS; VEGETATION; PERSPECTIVE; ECOSYSTEMS; ARGENTINA; ACCURACY; PATTERNS; FEATURES; SIBERIA; COVER AB Flowing through Mongolia and Russia, the Selenga River is the main tributary to Lake Baikal, the world's largest and deepest freshwater lake. The massive wetlands of the Selenga River Delta (SRD) on Lake Baikal perform important functions, including maintaining local and regional biodiversity and improving water quality. However, there exists a paucity of habitat and relevant ecological data for monitoring system-level changes. In this study, we characterized the rich habitat heterogeneity of the SRD using advanced 8-band multispectral satellite imagery coupled with a vegetation association algorithm and relatively extensive field surveys to analyze the spatial pattern of the system at multiple scales, from habitat-specific (e.g., Dense Floating Vascular habitats [Nymphoides sp.]) to coarser scales (e.g., Emergent Herbaceous; Aquatic Bed; Unconsolidated Bottom). We achieved an overall classification accuracy of 86.5 % for 22 wetland and aquatic habitat classes at the finest scale and greater than 91 % accuracy for broad vegetation and aquatic classes at more generalized scales. Our study provides the first detailed multi-scale characterization of the SRD for the conservation and management of the system and establishes baseline information for future change detection analyses. C1 [Lane, Charles R.; Autrey, Bradley C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Anenkhonov, Oleg] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Gen & Expt Biol, Ulan Ude, Russia. [Liu, Hongxing] US EPA, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Liu, Hongxing] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geog, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Chepinoga, Victor] Irkutsk State Univ, Dept Bot, Irkutsk 664003, Russia. [Chepinoga, Victor] Russian Acad Sci, Lab Biogeog, VB Sochava Inst Geog, Irkutsk 664003, Russia. RP Lane, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Lane.Charles@epa.gov RI Anenkhonov, Oleg/J-8690-2016; OI Anenkhonov, Oleg/0000-0001-8633-7154; Wu, Qiusheng/0000-0001-5437-4073 FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096]; U.S. Department of State, Biochemical Redirect Program FX The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-06-096 to Dynamac Corporation. The research conducted was also partially funded by the U.S. Department of State, Biochemical Redirect Program with support from Eun Joo Yi and Patrick Russo of the International Science and Technology Center, Moscow, Russia. We appreciate the technical review and feedback provided by Ken Bailey, U.S. EPA, and the programmatic support of Doug Steele, U.S. EPA. Qiusheng Wu of the University of Cincinnati and the Dynamac Corporation provided technical assistance and support. We thank Alexey I. Trepeznikov of the Murzino settlement, Russia, for his hospitality, conviviality, and knowledge of the SRD. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-4861 EI 1572-9834 J9 WETL ECOL MANAG JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag. PD APR PY 2015 VL 23 IS 2 BP 195 EP 214 DI 10.1007/s11273-014-9369-z PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CF0FM UT WOS:000352218500007 ER PT J AU Luo, M Shephard, MW Cady-Pereira, KE Henze, DK Zhu, LY Bash, JO Pinder, RW Capps, SL Walker, JT Jones, MR AF Luo, Ming Shephard, Mark W. Cady-Pereira, Karen E. Henze, Daven K. Zhu, Liye Bash, Jesse O. Pinder, Robert W. Capps, Shannon L. Walker, John T. Jones, Matthew R. TI Satellite observations of tropospheric ammonia and carbon monoxide: Global distributions, regional correlations and comparisons to model simulations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Satellite observations of carbon monoxide and ammonia; GEOS-Chem model simulations ID ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; EMISSION SPECTROMETER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; INTEX-B; TES; IASI; INVENTORY; MISSION; VARIABILITY; RETRIEVALS AB Ammonia (NH3) and carbon monoxide (CO) are primary pollutants emitted to the Earth's atmosphere from common as well as distinct sources associated with anthropogenic and natural activities. The seasonal and global distributions and correlations of NH3 and CO from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) satellite observations and GEOS-Chem model simulations for 2007 are investigated to evaluate how well the global and seasonal pollutant sources are prescribed in the model. Although the GEOS-Chem simulations of NH3 and CO atmospheric mixing ratio values are lower than the TES satellite observations, the global distribution patterns from the model reasonably agree with the observations, indicating that the model represents the general location of the source regions and the seasonal enhancements of NH3 and CO globally over large regional scales. In regions and seasons where biomass burning is the dominant source of both NH3 and CO emissions into the atmosphere, there are strong NH3:CO correlations, which is consistent with the relationship demonstrated by surface measurements over fires. In regions where the enhanced NH3 and CO are known to be produced by different sources, the NH3:CO correlations from TES observations and model simulations are weak or non-existent. For biomass burning regions the NH3:CO ratios are 0.015 (TES) and 0.013 (GEOS-Chem). In regions of high-population density, known heavy traffic, and limited biomass burning sources, such as the rapidly developing areas of South Asia and northern China, which include mixtures of megacities, industrial, and agricultural areas, the two species show weaker but still positive correlations and NH3:CO ratios of 0.051 (TES) and 0.036 (GEOS-Chem). These enhancement ratios of NH3 relative to CO are useful in constraining NH3 emission inventories when CO emission inventories are better known for some events or regions (i.e. biomass burning). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Ming] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Shephard, Mark W.] Environm Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cady-Pereira, Karen E.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA. [Henze, Daven K.; Zhu, Liye] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bash, Jesse O.; Pinder, Robert W.; Capps, Shannon L.; Walker, John T.; Jones, Matthew R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jones, Matthew R.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Luo, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Ming.Luo@jpl.nasa.gov RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Capps, Shannon/E-5602-2017; OI Capps, Shannon/0000-0002-6872-6604; Capps, Shannon/0000-0003-4274-887X; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); NASA ACMAP [NNX10AG63G]; EPA-STAR [RD83455901]; Research Participation Program at the U.S. EPA FX Research was partially supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). We also recognize support from NASA ACMAP NNX10AG63G and EPA-STAR RD83455901. SC was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. EPA, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. Although this paper has been reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect official EPA agency views or policies. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2015 VL 106 BP 262 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.007 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CE6RR UT WOS:000351966200026 ER PT J AU Chiari, Y Glaberman, S Seren, N Carretero, MA Capellini, I AF Chiari, Ylenia Glaberman, Scott Seren, Nina Carretero, Miguel A. Capellini, Isabella TI Phylogenetic signal in amphibian sensitivity to copper sulfate relative to experimental temperature SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Anura; ecotoxicology; evolutionary biology; heavy metal contamination; LC50; phylogeny; temperature ID EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES; ACUTE TOXICITY; HEAVY-METALS; TADPOLES; ECOTOXICOLOGY; INSECTICIDE; RANA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIODIVERSITY; PESTICIDES AB The release of large quantities of chemicals into the environment represents a major source of environmental disturbance. In recent years, the focus of ecotoxicology has shifted from describing the effects of chemical contaminants on individual species to developing more integrated approaches for predicting and evaluating long term effects of chemicals across species and ecosystems. Traditional ecotoxicology is typically based on data of sensitivity to a contaminant of a few surrogate species and often considers little variability in chemical sensitivity within and among taxonomic groups. This approach assumes that evolutionary history and phylogenetic relatedness among species have little or no impact on species' sensitivity to chemical compounds. Few studies have tested this assumption. Using phylogenetic comparative methods and published data for amphibians, we show that sensitivity to copper sulfate, a commonly used pesticide, exhibits a strong phylogenetic signal when controlling for experimental temperature. Our results indicate that evolutionary history needs to be accounted for to make accurate predictions of amphibian sensitivity to this contaminant under different temperature scenarios. Since physiological and metabolic traits showing high phylogenetic signal likely underlie variation in species sensitivity to chemical stressors, future studies should evaluate and predict species vulnerability to pollutants using evolutionarily informed approaches. C1 [Chiari, Ylenia; Seren, Nina; Carretero, Miguel A.] Univ Porto, InBIO, CIBIO Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Chiari, Ylenia; Glaberman, Scott] Univ S Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Glaberman, Scott] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Capellini, Isabella] Univ Hull, Sch Biol Biomed & Environm Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. RP Chiari, Y (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, LSCB 121,5871 USA Dr North, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. EM yle@yleniachiari.it RI Carretero, Miguel/A-1472-2013; Capellini, Isabella/H-4813-2013; OI Carretero, Miguel/0000-0002-2335-7198; Capellini, Isabella/0000-0001-8065-2436; Seren, Nina/0000-0003-0207-8437 FU FCT (Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal) [SFRH/BDP/73515/2010] FX We are thankful to J. J. Wiens for sharing the time calibrated phylogeny used for this work. YC was partially financially supported by a FCT (Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal) postdoctoral fellowship SFRH/BDP/73515/2010. Disclaimer: This study was not sponsored by the U.S. EPA, and the views expressed by the authors in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. EPA or the United States. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD APR PY 2015 VL 25 IS 3 BP 596 EP 602 DI 10.1890/14-0439.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE5DE UT WOS:000351849700002 PM 26214907 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Schecter, A Paepke, O Shropshire, W Christensen, K Birnbaum, L AF Lorber, Matthew Schecter, Arnold Paepke, Olaf Shropshire, William Christensen, Krista Birnbaum, Linda TI Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol A (BPA) with emphasis on canned food dietary exposures SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bisphenol A; EPA NHANES Dietary exposure ID UNITED-STATES; CHEMICALS; MARKET; MILK AB Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-volume, synthetic compound found in epoxy resins and plastics used in food packaging. Food is believed to be a major source of BPA intake. In this study, we measured the concentration of BPA in convenience samplings of foodstuffs purchased in Dallas, Texas. Sampling entailed collection of 204 samples of fresh, frozen, and canned foods in two rounds in 2010. BPA was positive in 73% of the canned food samples, while it was found in only 7% of non-canned foods at low concentrations. The results of this food sampling program were used to calculate adult dietary intakes of BPA. A pathway approach combined food intakes, a "canned fraction" parameter which described what portion of total intake of that food came from canned products, and measured food concentrations. Dietary intakes were calculated as 12.6 ng/kg-day, of which 12.4 ng/kg-day was from canned foods. Canned vegetable intakes alone were 11.9 ng/kg-day. This dietary intake was compared to total intakes of BPA estimated from urine measurements of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANFS). Total adult central tendency intakes ranged from 30 to 70 ng/kg-day for NHANES cycles between 2005 and 2010. Three possibilities were explored to explain the difference between these two approaches for intake estimation. Not all foods which may have been canned, particularly canned beverages such as soft drinks, were sampled in our food sampling program. Second, non-food pathways of exposure may be important for adults, including thermal paper exposures, and dust and air exposures. Finally, our canned food concentrations may not be adequately representative of canned foods in the United States; they were found to be generally lower compared to canned food concentrations measured in six other worldwide food surveys including three in North America. Our finding that canned food concentrations greatly exceeded non-canned concentrations was consistent with other studies, and underscores the importance of canned foods in the overall exposure of adults of BPA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Schecter, Arnold] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Paepke, Olaf] Eurofins GfA Lab Serv, Hamburg, Germany. [Shropshire, William] Univ Texas Dallas, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Program, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. [Christensen, Krista] Bur Environm & Occupat Hlth, Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Birnbaum, Linda] NCI, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 8623D,1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999] NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD APR PY 2015 VL 77 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2015.01.008 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE4FP UT WOS:000351786800008 PM 25645382 ER PT J AU Li, C Wang, ZL Yang, YJ Liu, JQ Mao, XW Zhang, Y AF Li, Cong Wang, Zilong Yang, Y. Jeffrey Liu, Jingqing Mao, Xinwei Zhang, Yan TI Transformation of bisphenol A in water distribution systems: A pilot-scale study SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bisphenol A; Water distribution system; Halogenations; Mechanism ID DRINKING-WATER; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; BINDING-AFFINITY; SURFACE-WATER; BY-PRODUCTS; CHLORINATION; KINETICS; PHENOLS; NONYLPHENOL; XENOESTROGENS AB Halogenations of bisphenol A (BPA) in a pilot-scale water distribution system (WDS) of a cement-lined ductile cast iron pipe were investigated. The water in the pilot-scale WDS was chlorinated with a free chlorine concentration of 0.7 mg L-1 using sodium hypochlorite, and with an initial BPA concentration of 100 mu g L-1 was spiked in the WDS. Halogenated compounds in the BPA experiments were identified using EI/GC/MS and GC. Several BPA congeners, including 2-chlorobisphenol A (MCBPA), dichlorobisphenol A (D-2-CBPA), 2,2',6-trichlorobisphenol A (T(3)CBPA), 2,2',6,6'-tetrachlorobisphenol A (T(4)CBPA), 2-bromobisphenol A (MBBPA), and bromochlorobisphenol A (MBMCBPA) were found. Moreover, further halogenation yielded other reaction intermediates, including 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (T3CP), dichlorobisphenol A, bromodichlorophenol, and dibromochlorophenol. After halogenation for 120 min, most of the abovementioned reaction intermediates disappeared and were replaced by trihalomethanes (THMs). Based on these experimental findings, the halogenation process of BPA oxidation in a WDS includes three stages: (1) halogenation on the aromatic ring; (2) chlorine or bromine substitution followed by cleavage of the alpha-C bond on the isopropyl moiety with a positive partial charge and a beta'-C bond on the benzene moiety with a negative partial charge; and (3) THMs and a minor HAA formation from phenolic intermediates through the benzene ring opening with a chlorine and bromine substitution of the hydrogen on the carbon atoms. The oxidation mechanisms of the entire transformation from BPA to THM/HAA in the WDS were proposed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Cong; Wang, Zilong; Liu, Jingqing; Mao, Xinwei; Zhang, Yan] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM zhangyan@zju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51208455]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LY12E08017]; Ministry of Education of China [2011010112033]; Zhejiang Provincial Innovative Research Team [2010R50037]; National Major Program on Pollution Control and Management of Water Body [2012ZX07403-003] FX This work was kindly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51208455), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY12E08017), the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 2011010112033), the Zhejiang Provincial Innovative Research Team (2010R50037), and the National Major Program on Pollution Control and Management of Water Body (Grant No. 2012ZX07403-003). NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 2015 VL 125 BP 86 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.047 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE2LJ UT WOS:000351646800011 PM 25550112 ER PT J AU Bennett, DH Moran, RE Wu, X Tulve, NS Clifton, MS Colon, M Weathers, W Sjodin, A Jones, R Hertz-Picciotto, I AF Bennett, D. H. Moran, R. E. Wu, X. (May) Tulve, N. S. Clifton, M. S. Colon, M. Weathers, W. Sjoedin, A. Jones, R. Hertz-Picciotto, I. TI Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations and resulting exposure in homes in California: relationships among passive air, surface wipe and dust concentrations, and temporal variability SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Residential environment; Air concentration; Wipe; Dust; Temporal variability ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HOUSE-DUST; INDOOR AIR; OUTDOOR AIR; HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE; MICROENVIRONMENTS; PHOTODEGRADATION; ASSOCIATIONS; PRODUCTS AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in furniture foam, electronics, and other home furnishings. A field study was conducted that enrolled 139 households from California, which has had more stringent flame retardant requirements than other countries and areas. The study collected passive air, floor and indoor window surface wipes, and dust samples (investigator collected using an HVS3 and vacuum cleaner) in each home. PentaBDE and BDE209 were detected in the majority of the dust samples and many floor wipe samples, but the detection in air and window wipe samples was relatively low. Concentrations of each PBDE congener in different indoor environmental media were moderately correlated, with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.42 and 0.68. Correlation coefficients with blood levels were up to 0.65 and varied between environmental media and age group. Both investigator-collected dust and floor wipes were correlated with serum levels for a wide range of congeners. These two sample types also had a relatively high fraction of samples with adequate mass for reliable quantification. In 42 homes, PBDE levels measured in the same environmental media in the same home 1year apart were statistically correlated (correlation coefficients: 0.57-0.90), with the exception of BDE209 which was not well correlated longitudinally. C1 [Bennett, D. H.; Moran, R. E.; Wu, X. (May); Hertz-Picciotto, I.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tulve, N. S.; Clifton, M. S.; Colon, M.; Weathers, W.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sjoedin, A.; Jones, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bennett, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, MS1C,One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dhbennett@ucdavis.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [RD-83154001-0]; International Society of Exposure Analysis Young Investigator Award FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under STAR Grant # RD-83154001-0 to Irva Hertz-Picciotto. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Environmental sample analysis was conducted by the USEPA's Office of Research and Development's National Exposure Research Laboratory. Blood sample analysis was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data analysis was supported by the International Society of Exposure Analysis Young Investigator Award. We thank all our study participants and field staff (Colleen Phillips, Esther Rivera, Amanda Eberle, Robin Joseph, Candice Teague, Elizabeth Marder and Ashley Ratcliffe). NR 40 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 10 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6947 EI 1600-0668 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD APR PY 2015 VL 25 IS 2 BP 220 EP 229 DI 10.1111/ina.12130 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CD9RZ UT WOS:000351437300009 PM 24832910 ER PT J AU Lassiter, MG Owens, EO Patel, MM Kirrane, E Madden, M Richmond-Bryant, J Hines, EP Davis, JA Vinikoor-Imler, L Dubois, JJ AF Lassiter, Meredith Gooding Owens, Elizabeth Oesterling Patel, Molini M. Kirrane, Ellen Madden, Meagan Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Hines, Erin Pias Davis, J. Allen Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa Dubois, Jean-Jacques TI Cross-species coherence in effects and modes of action in support of causality determinations in the US Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Science Assessment for Lead SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Cross-species; Mode of action; Lead; Biological plausibility; Causality; Coherence ID DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; SENSITIVE CALCIUM CHANNELS; INTRACELLULAR FREE CALCIUM; YOUNG-ADULT RATS; RAINBOW-TROUT; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB The peer-reviewed literature on the health and ecological effects of lead (Pb) indicates common effects and underlying modes of action across multiple organisms for several endpoints. Based on such observations, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) applied a cross-species approach in the 2013 Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) for Lead for evaluating the causality of relationships between Pb exposure and specific endpoints that are shared by humans, laboratory animals, and ecological receptors (i.e., hematological effects, reproductive and developmental effects, and nervous system effects). Other effects of Pb (i.e., cardiovascular, renal, and inflammatory responses) are less commonly assessed in aquatic and terrestrial wildlife limiting the application of cross-species comparisons. Determinations of causality in ISAs are guided by a framework for classifying the weight of evidence across scientific disciplines and across related effects by considering aspects such as biological plausibility and coherence. As illustrated for effects of Pb where evidence across species exists, the integration of coherent effects and common underlying modes of action can serve as a means to substantiate conclusions regarding the causal nature of the health and ecological effects of environmental toxicants. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Lassiter, Meredith Gooding; Owens, Elizabeth Oesterling; Patel, Molini M.; Kirrane, Ellen; Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Hines, Erin Pias; Davis, J. Allen; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Madden, Meagan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Res Participat Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dubois, Jean-Jacques] N Carolina State Univ, Southern Reg Integrated Pest Management Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Lassiter, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lassiter.meredith@epa.gov; owens.beth@epa.gov; patel.molini@epa.gov; kirrane.ellen@epa.gov; meagankmadden@gmail.com; richmond-bryant.jennifer@epa.gov; hines.erin@epa.gov; davis.allen@epa.gov; vinikoor-imler.lisa@epa.gov; jbdubois@ncsu.edu OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 FU U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. The study was reviewed by the National Center for Environmental Assessment, EPA, and approved for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 225 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 330 BP 19 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.015 PG 22 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CE4LZ UT WOS:000351803400003 PM 25637851 ER PT J AU Gaebel, W Zielasek, J AF Gaebel, W. Zielasek, J. TI Homeless and mentally ill - a mental healthcare challenge for Europe SO ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Editorial Material ID PEOPLE; INTERVENTIONS C1 [Gaebel, W.; Zielasek, J.] Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, LVR Inst Mental Hlth Care Res, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Gaebel, W (reprint author), EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM wolfgang.gaebel@uni-duesseldorf.de NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-690X EI 1600-0447 J9 ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND JI Acta Psychiatr. Scand. PD APR PY 2015 VL 131 IS 4 BP 236 EP 238 DI 10.1111/acps.12394 PG 3 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA CD5SC UT WOS:000351147200002 PM 25645234 ER PT J AU Helfand, B Roehl, K Cooper, P McGuire, B Fitzgerald, L Cancel-Tassin, G Cornu, JN Bauer, S Blarigan, E Chen, X Duggan, D Ostrander, E Gwo-Shu, M Zhang, ZF Chang, SC Jeong, S Fontham, E Smith, G Mohler, J Berndt, S McDonnell, S Kittles, R Rybicki, B Freedman, M Kantoff, P Pomerantz, M Breyer, J Smith, J Rebbeck, T Mercola, D Isaacs, W Wiklund, F Cussenot, O Thibodeau, S Schaid, D Cannon-Albright, L Cooney, K Chanock, S Stanford, J Chan, J Witte, J Xu, J Bensen, J Taylor, J Catalona, W AF Helfand, Brian T. Roehl, Kimberly A. Cooper, Phillip R. McGuire, Barry B. Fitzgerald, Liesel M. Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine Cornu, Jean-Nicolas Bauer, Scott Blarigan, Erin L. Van Chen, Xin Duggan, David Ostrander, Elaine A. Gwo-Shu, Mary Zhang, Zuo-Feng Chang, Shen-Chih Jeong, Somee Fontham, Elizabeth T. H. Smith, Gary Mohler, James L. Berndt, Sonja I. McDonnell, Shannon K. Kittles, Rick Rybicki, Benjamin A. Freedman, Matthew Kantoff, Philip W. Pomerantz, Mark Breyer, Joan P. Smith, Jeffrey R. Rebbeck, Timothy R. Mercola, Dan Isaacs, William B. Wiklund, Fredrick Cussenot, Olivier Thibodeau, Stephen N. Schaid, Daniel J. Cannon-Albright, Lisa Cooney, Kathleen A. Chanock, Stephen J. Stanford, Janet L. Chan, June M. Witte, John Xu, Jianfeng Bensen, Jeannette T. Taylor, Jack A. Catalona, William J. TI Associations of prostate cancer risk variants with disease aggressiveness: results of the NCI-SPORE Genetics Working Group analysis of 18,343 cases SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; LINKAGE SCAN; CHROMOSOME 19Q; GLEASON SCORE; PSA LEVELS; MEN; MORTALITY; POLYMORPHISM; REPLICATION AB Genetic studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the risk of prostate cancer (PC). It remains unclear whether such genetic variants are associated with disease aggressiveness. The NCI-SPORE Genetics Working Group retrospectively collected clinicopathologic information and genotype data for 36 SNPs which at the time had been validated to be associated with PC risk from 25,674 cases with PC. Cases were grouped according to race, Gleason score (Gleason a parts per thousand currency sign6, 7, a parts per thousand yen8) and aggressiveness (non-aggressive, intermediate, and aggressive disease). Statistical analyses were used to compare the frequency of the SNPs between different disease cohorts. After adjusting for multiple testing, only PC-risk SNP rs2735839 (G) was significantly and inversely associated with aggressive (OR = 0.77; 95 % CI 0.69-0.87) and high-grade disease (OR = 0.77; 95 % CI 0.68-0.86) in European men. Similar associations with aggressive (OR = 0.72; 95 % CI 0.58-0.89) and high-grade disease (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI 0.54-0.87) were documented in African-American subjects. The G allele of rs2735839 was associated with disease aggressiveness even at low PSA levels (< 4.0 ng/mL) in both European and African-American men. Our results provide further support that a PC-risk SNP rs2735839 near the KLK3 gene on chromosome 19q13 may be associated with aggressive and high-grade PC. Future prospectively designed, case-case GWAS are needed to identify additional SNPs associated with PC aggressiveness. C1 [Helfand, Brian T.] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Div Urol, Dept Surg, John & Carol Walter Ctr Urol Hlth, Evanston, IL USA. [Roehl, Kimberly A.; Cooper, Phillip R.; McGuire, Barry B.; Catalona, William J.] NW Univ Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL USA. [Fitzgerald, Liesel M.] Canc Council Victoria, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine; Cornu, Jean-Nicolas; Cussenot, Olivier] Assistance Publ Hopitaux Paris, CeRePP ICPCG Grp, Hop Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France. [Bauer, Scott; Blarigan, Erin L. Van; Chan, June M.; Witte, John] Univ Calif San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, Genome Anal Core Facil, San Francisco, CA USA. [Chen, Xin; Mercola, Dan] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Irvine, CA USA. [Duggan, David] Integrated Canc Genom Div, TGen, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Ostrander, Elaine A.] Natl Human Genome Res Inst, Canc Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. [Gwo-Shu, Mary] Dana Farber Canc Inst & Harvard Med Sch, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Zhang, Zuo-Feng; Chang, Shen-Chih; Jeong, Somee] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Fontham, Elizabeth T. H.] Louisiana State Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. [Smith, Gary; Mohler, James L.] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Urol, Buffalo, NY USA. [Berndt, Sonja I.] Natl Canc Inst, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. [McDonnell, Shannon K.; Schaid, Daniel J.] Dept Hlth Sci Res, Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Kittles, Rick] Univ Arizona, Div Urol, Dept Surg, Tucson, AZ USA. [Rybicki, Benjamin A.] Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. [Freedman, Matthew; Kantoff, Philip W.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Pomerantz, Mark] Dana Farber Canc Inst & Harvard Med Sch, Lank Ctr Genitourinary Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Breyer, Joan P.; Smith, Jeffrey R.] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Vanderbilt Ingram Canc Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Rebbeck, Timothy R.] Univ Pennsylvania Sch Med, Dept Biostatist & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostatist, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Isaacs, William B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wiklund, Fredrick] Univ UmeAyen ICPCG Grp, UmeAyen, Sweden. [Thibodeau, Stephen N.] Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Cannon-Albright, Lisa] Univ Utah Sch Med, Div Genet Epidemiol, Dept Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Cooney, Kathleen A.] Univ Michigan Med Sch, Dept Urol, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Chanock, Stephen J.] Natl Canc Inst, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. [Stanford, Janet L.] Div Publ Hlth Sci, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Xu, Jianfeng] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Program Personalized Canc Care & Dept Surg, Evanston, IL USA. [Bensen, Jeannette T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol & Li, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Taylor, Jack A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch & Lab Mol Carcinogenesis, Durham, NC USA. RP Catalona, W (reprint author), NW Univ Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM WCatalona@nmff.org OI , dan/0000-0002-0281-9840; albright, lisa/0000-0003-2602-3668; taylor, jack/0000-0001-5303-6398; Ostrander, Elaine/0000-0001-6075-9738; Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine/0000-0002-9583-6382 FU BLRD VA [I01 BX002502]; Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES049032-12, Z01 ES049033-11]; NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA060553, P30 CA016042]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126] NR 62 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 EI 1432-1203 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD APR PY 2015 VL 134 IS 4 BP 439 EP 450 DI 10.1007/s00439-015-1534-9 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CD5OB UT WOS:000351136600006 PM 25715684 ER PT J AU Faramawi, MF Delongchamp, R Lin, YS Liu, YC Abouelenien, S Fischbach, L Jadhav, S AF Faramawi, Mohammed F. Delongchamp, Robert Lin, Yu-Sheng Liu, Youcheng Abouelenien, Saly Fischbach, Lori Jadhav, Supriya TI Environmental lead exposure is associated with visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability in the US adults SO INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cross-sectional studies; Lead; Cardiovascular diseases; Hypertension; Exposure ID OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION; INDUCED HYPERTENSION; HEALTH; LEVEL; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; DECLINE; DISEASE; WORKERS; BURDEN AB The association between environmental lead exposure and blood pressure variability, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is unexplored and unknown. The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that lead exposure is associated with blood pressure variability. American participants 17 years of age or older from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III were included in the analysis. Participants' blood lead concentrations expressed as micrograms per deciliter were determined. The standard deviations of visit-to-visit systolic and diastolic blood pressure were calculated to determine blood pressure variability. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, race, smoking and socioeconomic status were employed. The participants' mean age and mean blood lead concentration were 42.72 years and 3.44 mcg/dl, respectively. Systolic blood pressure variability was significantly associated with environmental lead exposure after adjusting for the effect of the confounders. The unadjusted and adjusted means of visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability and the beta coefficient of lead exposure were 3.44, 3.33 mcg/dl, beta coefficient = 0.07, P < 0.01. This study documents a positive linear relationship between environmental lead exposure and systolic blood pressure variability. Screening adults with fluctuating blood pressure for lead exposure could be warranted. C1 [Faramawi, Mohammed F.; Delongchamp, Robert; Fischbach, Lori; Jadhav, Supriya] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Faramawi, Mohammed F.] Menofiya Univ, Natl Liver Inst, Dept Publ Hlth, Cairo, Egypt. [Lin, Yu-Sheng] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lin, Yu-Sheng; Liu, Youcheng] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Abouelenien, Saly] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Clin & Translat Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Faramawi, MF (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM melfaramawi@uams.edu NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-0131 EI 1432-1246 J9 INT ARCH OCC ENV HEA JI Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health PD APR PY 2015 VL 88 IS 3 BP 381 EP 388 DI 10.1007/s00420-014-0970-5 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CD5NZ UT WOS:000351136400013 PM 25086568 ER PT J AU Tolaymat, T El Badawy, A Sequeira, R Genaidy, A AF Tolaymat, Thabet El Badawy, Amro Sequeira, Reynold Genaidy, Ash TI A system-of-systems approach as a broad and integrated paradigm for sustainable engineered nanomaterials SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Engineered nanomaterials; System-of-systems; Benefits and risks of engineered nanomaterials; Sustainability ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATIONS; CONSUMER PRODUCTS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; RELEASE; FATE; CHALLENGES; RISK AB There is an urgent need for a trans-disciplinary approach for the collective evaluation of engineered nanomaterial (ENM) benefits and risks. Currently, research studies are mostly focused on examining effects at individual end-points with emphasis on ENM risk effects. Less research work is pursuing the integration needed to advance the science of sustainable ENMs. Therefore, the primary objective of this article is to discuss the system-of-systems (SoS) approach as a broad and integrated paradigm to examine ENM benefits and risks to society, environment, and economy (SEE) within a sustainability context. The aims are focused on: (a) current approaches in the scientific literature and the need for a broad and integrated approach, (b) documentation of ENM SoS in terms of architecture and governing rules and practices within sustainability context, and (c) implementation plan for the road ahead. In essence, the SoS architecture is a communication vehicle offering the opportunity to track benefits and risks in an integrated fashion so as to understand the implications and make decisions about advancing the science of sustainable ENMs. In support of the SoS architecture, we propose using an analytic-based decision support system consisting of a knowledge base and analytic engine along the benefit and risk informatics routes in the SEE system to build sound decisions on what constitutes sustainable and unsustainable ENMs in spite of the existing uncertainties and knowledge gaps. The work presented herein is neither a systematic review nor a critical appraisal of the scientific literature. Rather, it is a position paper that largely expresses the views of the authors based on their expert opinion drawn from industrial and academic experience. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [El Badawy, Amro] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Sequeira, Reynold] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Genaidy, Ash] WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45249 USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM thabet.tolaymat@epa.gov FU NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by the NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development. The paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 95 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 511 BP 595 EP 607 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.029 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC6YC UT WOS:000350513900063 PM 25590540 ER PT J AU Barzyk, TM Isakov, V Arunachalam, S Venkatram, A Cook, R Naess, B AF Barzyk, Timothy M. Isakov, Vlad Arunachalam, Saravanan Venkatram, Akula Cook, Rich Naess, Brian TI A near-road modeling system for community-scale assessments of traffic-related air pollution in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Near-road; Air toxics; Modeling system; Emissions; Dispersion; Air quality ID DISPERSION MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; LINE SOURCE; QUALITY; EXPOSURE; IMPACT; WIND; PROXIMITY; EMISSIONS; HIGHWAY AB The Community Line Source (C-LINE) modeling system estimates emissions and dispersion of toxic air pollutants for roadways within the continental United States. It accesses publicly available traffic and meteorological datasets, and is optimized for use on community-sized areas (100-1000 km(2)). The user is not required to provide input data, but can provide their own if desired. C-LINE is a modeling and visualization system that access inputs, performs calculations, visualizes results, provides options to manipulate input variables, and performs basic data analysis. C-LINE was applied to an area in Detroit, Michigan to demonstrate its use in an urban environment. It was developed in ArcGIS, but a prototype web version is in development for wide-scale use. C-LINE is not intended for regulatory applications. Its local-scale focus and ability to quickly (run time <5 min) compare different roadway pollution scenarios supports community-based applications and help to identify areas for further research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Barzyk, Timothy M.; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. [Arunachalam, Saravanan; Naess, Brian] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Cook, Rich] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Barzyk, TM (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. EM barzyk.timothy@epa.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD APR PY 2015 VL 66 BP 46 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.004 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB8JT UT WOS:000349876500006 ER PT J AU Cohen, MD Vaughan, JM Garrett, B Prophete, C Horton, L Sisco, M Kodavanti, UP Ward, WO Peltier, RE Zelikoff, J Chen, LC AF Cohen, Mitchell D. Vaughan, Joshua M. Garrett, Brittany Prophete, Colette Horton, Lori Sisco, Maureen Kodavanti, Urmila P. Ward, William O. Peltier, Richard E. Zelikoff, Judith Chen, Lung-chi TI Acute high-level exposure to WTC particles alters expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and immune function in the lung SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cell cycle; dust; immune; inflammation; oxidative stress; RNA; World Trade Center; WTC ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; TRADE-CENTER DISASTER; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; INHALATION EXPOSURES; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ALLERGIC-ASTHMA; DUST PARTICLES; IN-VITRO AB First responders (FR) present at Ground Zero in the first 72 h after the World Trade Center (WTC) collapsed have progressively exhibited significant respiratory injuries. The few toxicology studies performed to date evaluated effects from just fine (<2.5 mu m) WTC dusts; none examined health effects/toxicities from atmospheres bearing larger particle sizes, despite the fact the majority (>96%) of dusts were >10 mm and most FR likely entrained dusts by mouth breathing. Using a system that generated/delivered supercoarse (10-53 mu m) WTC dusts to F344 rats (in a manner that mimicked FR exposures), this study sought to examine potential toxicities in the lungs. In this exploratory study, rats were exposed for 2 h to 100 mg WTC dust/m(3) (while under isoflurane [ISO] anesthesia) or an air/ISO mixture; this dose conservatively modeled likely exposures by mouth-breathing FR facing approximate to 750-1000 mg WTC dust/m(3). Lungs were harvested 2 h post-exposure and total RNA extracted for subsequent global gene expression analysis. Among the > 1000 genes affected by WTC dust (under ISO) or ISO alone, 166 were unique to the dust exposure. In many instances, genes maximally-induced by the WTC dust exposure (relative to in naive rats) were unchanged/inhibited by ISO only; similarly, several genes maximally inhibited in WTC dust rats were largely induced/unchanged in rats that received ISO only. These outcomes reflect likely contrasting effects of ISO and the WTC dust on lung gene expression. Overall, the data show that lungs of rats exposed to WTC dust (under ISO) - after accounting for any impact from ISO alone - displayed increased expression of genes related to lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell cycle control, while several involved in anti-oxidant function were inhibited. These changes suggested acute inflammogenic effects and oxidative stress in the lungs of WTC dust-exposed rats. This study, thus, concludes that a single very high exposure to WTC dusts could potentially have adversely affected the respiratory system - in terms of early inflammatory and oxidative stress processes. As these changes were not compared with other types of dusts, the uniqueness of these WTC-mediated effects remains to be confirmed. It also still remains to be determined if these effects might have any relevance to chronic lung pathologies that became evident among FR who encountered the highest dust levels on September 11, 2001 and the 2 days thereafter. Ongoing studies using longer-range post-exposure analyses (up to 1-year or more) will help to determine if effects seen here on genes were acute, reversible, or persistent, and associated with corresponding histopathologic/biochemical changes in situ. C1 [Cohen, Mitchell D.; Vaughan, Joshua M.; Garrett, Brittany; Prophete, Colette; Horton, Lori; Sisco, Maureen; Zelikoff, Judith; Chen, Lung-chi] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ward, William O.] US EPA, Res Cores Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peltier, Richard E.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Cohen, MD (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM mitchell.cohen@nyumc.org OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU CDC/NIOSH [OH008280]; NIEHS Center Grant [ES00260] FX This work was supported by CDC/NIOSH Grant OH008280 and, in part, NIEHS Center Grant ES00260. The authors wish to thank Ms Beena Vallanat (US EPA) who performed the array experiments at the Genomics Research Core, Research Cores Unit of the NHEERL, US EPA. The authors also thank Ronald Thomas (US EPA SEE Program) for isolating RNA from the lung tissue samples. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 20 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X EI 1547-6901 J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 BP 140 EP 153 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2014.914609 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CB1RG UT WOS:000349405100007 PM 24911330 ER PT J AU Modak, N Spence, K Sood, S Rosati, JA AF Modak, Nabanita Spence, Kelley Sood, Saloni Rosati, Jacky Ann TI Building a Comprehensive Mill-Level Database for the Industrial Sectors Integrated Solutions (ISIS) Model of the US Pulp and Paper Sector SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Air emissions from the U.S. pulp and paper sector have been federally regulated since 1978; however, regulations are periodically reviewed and revised to improve efficiency and effectiveness of existing emission standards. The Industrial Sectors Integrated Solutions (ISIS) model for the pulp and paper sector is currently under development at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and can be utilized to facilitate multi-pollutant, sector-based analyses that are performed in conjunction with regulatory development. The model utilizes a multi-sector, multi-product dynamic linear modeling framework that evaluates the economic impact of emission reduction strategies for multiple air pollutants. The ISIS model considers facility-level economic, environmental, and technical parameters, as well as sector-level market data, to estimate the impacts of environmental regulations on the pulp and paper industry. Specifically, the model can be used to estimate U.S. and global market impacts of new or more stringent air regulations, such as impacts on product price, exports and imports, market demands, capital investment, and mill closures. One major challenge to developing a representative model is the need for an extensive amount of data. This article discusses the collection and processing of data for use in the model, as well as the methods used for building the ISIS pulp and paper database that facilitates the required analyses to support the air quality management of the pulp and paper sector. C1 [Modak, Nabanita] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Spence, Kelley] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sood, Saloni; Rosati, Jacky Ann] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Modak, N (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM modak.nabanita@epa.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 25 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0120954 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0120954 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE5MO UT WOS:000351880000115 PM 25806516 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, UP Russell, JC Costa, DL AF Kodavanti, Urmila P. Russell, James C. Costa, Daniel L. TI Rat models of cardiometabolic diseases: baseline clinical chemistries, and rationale for their use in examining air pollution health effects SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; cardiovascular disease models; naturally occurring disease; rat models; susceptibility ID SPONTANEOUSLY-HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; DIESEL EXHAUST INHALATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PARTICULATE MATTER; BLOOD-PRESSURE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; WISTAR-KYOTO; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB Individuals with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVD) are shown to be more susceptible to adverse health effects of pollutants. Rodent models of CVD are used for examining susceptibility variations. CVD models developed by selective inbreeding are shown to represent the etiology of human disease and metabolic dysfunction. The goal of this article was to review the origin and the pathobiological features of rat models of varying CVD with or without metabolic syndrome and healthy laboratory rat strains to allow better interpretation of the data regarding their susceptibility to air pollutant exposures. Age-matched healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar (WIS) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY), and CVD-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SH), Fawn-Hooded hypertensive (FHH), SH stroke-prone (SHSP), SHHF/Mcc heart failure obese (SHHF) and insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp obese (JCR) rat models were considered for this study. The genetics and the underlying pathologies differ between these models. Normalized heart weights correlated with underlying cardiac disease while wide differences exist in the number of white blood cells and platelets within healthy strains and those with CVD. High plasma fibrinogen and low angiotensin converting enzyme activity in FHH might relate to kidney disease and associated hypertension. However, other obese strains with known kidney lesions do not exhibit decreases in ACE activity. The increased activated partial thromboplastin time only in SHSP correlates with their hemorrhagic stroke susceptibility. Increases plasma lipid peroxidation in JCR might reflect their susceptibility to acquire atherosclerosis. These underlying pathologies involving CVD and metabolic dysfunction are critical in interpretation of findings related to susceptibility variations of air pollution health effects. C1 [Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, NHEERL, Environmnetal Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Russell, James C.] Univ Alberta, Alberta Inst Human Nutr, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Costa, Daniel L.] US EPA, Natl Program Air Climate & Energy Res, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, EPHD NHEERL, MD B143-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov NR 77 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 27 SU 1 SI SI BP 2 EP 13 DI 10.3109/08958378.2014.954166 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CY7PX UT WOS:000366601900002 PM 26667327 ER PT J AU Dye, JA Ledbetter, AD Schladweiler, MC Costa, DL Kodavanti, UP AF Dye, Janice A. Ledbetter, Allen D. Schladweiler, Mette C. Costa, Daniel L. Kodavanti, Urmila P. TI Whole body plethysmography reveals differential ventilatory responses to ozone in rat models of cardiovascular disease SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular disease models; ozone; rat; ventilatory parameters; whole body plethysmography ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RAT; CASE-CROSSOVER ANALYSIS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; BREATHING PATTERN; BRONCHIAL REACTIVITY; PARTICULATE MATTER; SYSTEMIC RESPONSES; HEART-FAILURE AB To elucidate key factors of host susceptibility to air pollution, healthy and cardiovascular (CV)-compromised rats were exposed to air or ozone (O-3) at 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0ppm for 4h. We hypothesized that rat strains with the least cardiac reserve would be most prone to develop significant health effects. Using flow whole body plethysmography (FWBP), ventilatory responses in healthy 3-month-old male rats [i.e. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), Wistar (WIS), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) strains] were compared with hypertensive [i.e. spontaneously hypertensive (SH), fawn-hooded-hypertensive (FHH), and SH-stroke-prone (SHSP)] strains and obese [i.e. SH-heart failure-prone (SHHF) and JCR:LA-cp, atherosclerosis-prone (JCR)] strains. SH were slower to acclimate to the FWBP chambers. At 0-h post-air-exposure, SHSP and SHHF exhibited hyperpnea, indicative of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. At 0-h-post-O-3, all but one strain showed significant concentration-dependent decreases in minute volume [MV=tidal volume (TV)xbreathing frequency]. Comparing air with 1.0ppm responses, MV declined 20-27% in healthy, 21-42% in hypertensive, and 33% in JCR rats, but was unchanged in SHHF rats. Penh increased significantly in all strains, with disproportionate increases in responder WKY and FHH strains. By 20h, most changes had resolved, although Penh remained elevated in WKY, SH, and SHSP. Based on the effective dose estimates (O(3)ppmxhxMV), the most CV-compromised (SHSP and SHHF) strains received significantly greater O-3 lung deposition (25% and 40%, respectively). Data support epidemiologic associations that individuals with cardiopulmonary insufficiency are at greater risk for urban pollutant exposure due, in part, to enhanced lung deposition and exacerbation of hypoxia and pathophysiologic processes of heart failure. C1 [Dye, Janice A.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Costa, Daniel L.] US EPA, Natl Program Air Climate & Energy Res, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, EPHD NHEERL ORD, B143-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 27 SU 1 SI SI BP 14 EP 25 DI 10.3109/08958378.2014.954167 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CY7PX UT WOS:000366601900003 PM 26667328 ER PT J AU Ramot, Y Kodavanti, UP Kissling, GE Ledbetter, AD Nyska, A AF Ramot, Yuval Kodavanti, Urmila P. Kissling, Grace E. Ledbetter, Allen D. Nyska, Abraham TI Clinical and pathological manifestations of cardiovascular disease in rat models: the influence of acute ozone exposure SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular disease models; clinical biomarkers; kidney; ozone; pathology; rat models ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; FAWN-HOODED RAT; LA-CORPULENT RAT; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; JOINT PUBLICATION; REVISED GUIDES; NACAD GROUPS; VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION AB Rodent models of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic disorders are used for examining susceptibility variations to environmental exposures. However, cross-model organ pathologies and clinical manifestations are often not compared. We hypothesized that genetic CVD rat models will exhibit baseline pathologies and will thus express varied lung response to acute ozone exposure. Male 12-14-week-old healthy Wistar Kyoto (WKY), Wistar (WIS), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and CVD-compromised spontaneously hypertensive (SH), fawn-hooded hypertensive (FHH), stroke-prone SH (SHSP), obese SH heart-failure (SHHF), obese diabetic JCR (JCR) rats were exposed to 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0ppm ozone for 4h and clinical biomarkers, and lung, heart and kidney pathologies were compared immediately following (0-h) or 20-h later. Strain differences were observed between air-exposed CVD-prone and WKY rats in clinical biomarkers and in kidney and heart pathology. Serum cholesterol was higher in air-exposed obese SHHF and JCR compared to other air-exposed strains. Ozone did not produce lesions in the heart or kidney. CVD-prone and SD rats demonstrated glomerulopathy and kidney inflammation (WKY=WIS=SH10 h), the presence of dissolved oxygen led to a greater production of CO2 than the same GO material under N-2-saturated conditions. Regardless, the rGO species themselves persist after extended irradiation equivalent to 2 months in natural sunlight, even in the presence of dissolved oxygen. Overall, our findings indicate that GO phototransforms rapidly under sunlight exposure, resulting in chemically reduced and persistent photoproducts that are likely to exhibit transport and toxic properties unique from parent GO. C1 [Hou, Wen-Che; Chowdhury, Indranil] US EPA, Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hou, Wen-Che] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Goodwin, David G., Jr.; Fairbrother, D. Howard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Henderson, W. Matthew; Bouchard, Dermont; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Hou, WC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM whou@mail.ncku.edu.tw; zepp.richard@epa.gov RI Hou, Wen-Che/F-5736-2011 OI Hou, Wen-Che/0000-0001-9884-2932 FU Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan [MOST 103-2221-E-006-015-MY3]; U.S. EPA [R834858] FX This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. Financial support provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (for Hou) under grant number MOST 103-2221-E-006-015-MY3 is acknowledged. D.H.F. acknowledges financial support by the U.S. EPA under grant R834858. NR 48 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 25 U2 172 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 6 BP 3435 EP 3443 DI 10.1021/es5047155 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD8DC UT WOS:000351324400021 PM 25671674 ER PT J AU Triantafyllidou, S Schock, MR DeSantis, MK White, C AF Triantafyllidou, Simoni Schock, Michael R. DeSantis, Michael K. White, Colin TI Low Contribution of PbO2-Coated Lead Service Lines to Water Lead Contamination at the Tap SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORROSION PRODUCT PBO2; DRINKING-WATER; PIPE SCALES; DISSOLUTION; FLOW; DIFFUSION; EXPOSURE; SYSTEMS; RATES AB To determine if residential water sampling corroborates the expectation that formation of stable PbO2 coatings on lead servke lines (LSLs) provides an effective lead release control strategy, lead profile sampling was evaluated for eight home kitchen taps in three US. cities with observed PbO2-coated LSLs (Newport, Rhode Island; Cincinnati and Oakwood, Ohio). After various water standing times, these LSLs typically released similar or,lower peak lead levels (1 to 18 mu g/L) than the lead levels from the respective kitchen faucets (1 to 130 mu g/L); and frequently 50-80% lower than the lead levels typically reported from Pb(II)-coated LSLs in comparable published sampling studies. Prolonged stagnation (10-101 h) at the Cincinnati sites produced varying results. One site showed minimal (0-4 mu g/L) increase in lead release from the PbO2-coated LSL, and persistence of free chlorine residual. However, the other site showed up to a 3-fold increase proportional to standing time) with essentially full depletion of the chlorine residual. Overall, lead release was consistently much lower than that reported in studies of Pb(II)-coated LSL scales, suggesting that natural formation of PbO2 in LSLs is an effective lead "corrosion" control strategy. C1 [Triantafyllidou, Simoni; DeSantis, Michael K.] US EPA, ORISE, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Schock, Michael R.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [White, Colin] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Schock, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM schock.michael@epa.gov FU US DOE Office of Science [DEFG03-97ER45628]; U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX We thank Dr. John Eastman (LJB Engineers, Inc.), and Barbara Wysock (formerly USEPA Office of Drinking Water) for the Oakwood study, as well as Carol Rego and Kathy Mello (CDM) for the Newport study. Norb Klopsch (City of Oakwood), Jeff Swertfeger and Dawn Webb (Greater Cincinnati Water Works) provided pipe specimens. Keith Kelty, Maily Pham, and Bill Kaylor (USEPA Office of Research and Development) conducted water metals analyses. All pipe scale elemental analyses were conducted by the USGS Mineral Resource Surveys Program under the direction of Dr. Stephen A. Wilson. All XANES analyses were supported by the US DOE Office of Science Grant No. DEFG03-97ER45628 and were conducted in the PNC-CAT facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL. A.P.S. is supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of research and Development, USEPA, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USEPA. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position and policies of the USEPA. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 6 BP 3746 EP 3754 DI 10.1021/es505886h PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD8DC UT WOS:000351324400057 PM 25692317 ER PT J AU Reid, CE Jerrett, M Petersen, ML Pfister, GG Morefield, PE Tager, IB Raffuse, SM Balmes, JR AF Reid, Colleen E. Jerrett, Michael Petersen, Maya L. Pfister, Gabriele G. Morefield, Philip E. Tager, Ira B. Raffuse, Sean M. Balmes, John R. TI Spatiotemporal Prediction of Fine Particulate Matter During the 2008 Northern California Wildfires Using Machine Learning SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; LAND-USE REGRESSION; FIRE SMOKE EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION EVENTS; GROUND-LEVEL PM2.5; FOREST-FIRES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; HEALTH OUTCOMES; TIME-SERIES; AUSTRALIA AB Estimating population exposure to particulate matter during wildfires can be difficult because of insufficient monitoring data to capture the spatiotemporal variability of smoke plumes. Chemical transport models (CTMs) and satellite retrievals provide spatiotemporal data that may be useful in predicting PM2.5 during wildfires. We estimated PM2.5 concentrations during the 2008 northern California wildfires using 10-fold cross-validation (CV) to select an optimal prediction model from a set of 11 statistical algorithms and 29 predictor variables. The variables included CTM output, three measures of satellite aerosol optical depth, distance to the nearest fires, meteorological data, and land use, traffic, spatial location, and temporal characteristics. The generalized boosting model (GBM) with 29 predictor variables had the lowest CV root mean squared error and a CV-R-2 of 0.803. The most important predictor variable was the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Aerosol/Smoke Product (GASP) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), followed by the CTM output and distance to the nearest fire cluster. Parsimonious models with various combinations of fewer variables also predicted PM2.5 well. Using machine learning algorithms to combine spatiotemp oral data from satellites and CTMs can reliably predict PM2.5 concentrations during a major wildfire event. C1 [Reid, Colleen E.; Jerrett, Michael; Balmes, John R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petersen, Maya L.; Tager, Ira B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petersen, Maya L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Biostat Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pfister, Gabriele G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Morefield, Philip E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Raffuse, Sean M.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. [Balmes, John R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Environm Hlth Sci Dept, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Reid, CE (reprint author), Robert Wood Johnson Hlth & Soc, 9 Bow St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM coreid@hsph.harvard.edu OI Reid, Colleen/0000-0001-8572-1162 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of Schools of Public Health [CD300430]; Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management [L14AC00173]; EPA STAR Fellowship - USEPA [FP-91720001-0]; NASA [NNX08AD22G]; NIEHS [1R21ES016986]; Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award; National Science Foundation FX We thank Dr. Ricardo Cisneros of the University of California, Merced for providing monitoring data from the eBAMs, AirFire, and AirNow networks. A version of this work was previously presented as a poster whose abstract was published in Environmental Health Perspectives.84 This research was supported under a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of Schools of Public Health Grant Number CD300430, the Joint Fire Science Program, Bureau of Land Management (L14AC00173), and an EPA STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement no. FP-91720001-0 awarded by the USEPA. The WRF-Chem modeling work was supported by NASA grant NNX08AD22G. The local AOD estimates were developed under NIEHS grant 1R21ES016986. Maya Petersen is a recipient of a Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award. NCAR is operated by the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and not those of the funding agencies. NR 84 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 6 BP 3887 EP 3896 DI 10.1021/es505846r PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD8DC UT WOS:000351324400073 PM 25648639 ER PT J AU McGee, MA Kamal, AS McGee, JK Wood, CE Dye, JA Krantz, QT Landis, MS Gilmour, MI Gavett, SH AF McGee, Marie A. Kamal, Ali S. McGee, John K. Wood, Charles E. Dye, Janice A. Krantz, Q. Todd Landis, Matthew S. Gilmour, M. Ian Gavett, Stephen H. TI Differential Effects of Particulate Matter Upwind and Downwind of an Urban Freeway in an Allergic Mouse Model SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OIL FLY-ASH; AIR-POLLUTION PARTICLES; NEAR-ROAD EXPOSURES; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; LUNG-FUNCTION; IN-VITRO; COARSE AB Near-road exposure to air pollutants has been associated with decreased lung function and other adverse health effects in susceptible populations. This study was designed to investigate whether different types of near,road particulate matter (PM) contribute to exacerbation of allergic asthma. Samples of upwind and downwind coarse, fine, and ultrafine PM were collected using a wind direction-actuated ChemVol sampler at a single site 100 in from Interstate-96 in Detroit, MI during winter 2010/2011. Upwind PM was enriched in crustal and wood combustion sources while downwind PM was dominated by traffic sources. Control and ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/cJ Mice were exposed Via oropharyngeal (OP) aspiration to 20 or 100 mu g of each PM sample 2 h prior to OP challenge with OVA. In OVA-allergic mice, 100 mu g Of downwind coarse PM caused greater increase than downwind fine/ultrafine PM in bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils, eosinophils, and lactate dehydrogenase. Upwind fine PM (100 mu g) produced greater increases in heutrophils and eosinophils compared to other upwind size fractions. Cytokine (IL-5) levels in BAL fluid also increased markedly following 100 mu g downwind coarse and downwind ultrafine PM exposures. These findings indicate coarse PM downwind and line PM upwind of an interstate highway promote inflammation in allergic mice. C1 [McGee, Marie A.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kamal, Ali S.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McGee, John K.; Wood, Charles E.; Dye, Janice A.; Krantz, Q. Todd; Landis, Matthew S.; Gilmour, M. Ian; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gavett, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Code B105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gavett.stephen@epa.gov OI McGee, Marie/0000-0001-8572-1613 FU EPA-UNC training agreement, Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR83515201-0] FX The authors thank Debora Andrews, Elizabeth Boykin, Lisa Copeland, Mary Daniels, Eugene Gibbs, Richard Jaskot, Kasey Kovalcik, Jim Lehmann, and Judy Richards for technical assistance, and Drs. Janet Burke and Marsha Ward for paper review. This project was supported by the EPA-UNC training agreement, Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (CR83515201-0). NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 6 BP 3930 EP 3939 DI 10.1021/es506048k PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD8DC UT WOS:000351324400078 PM 25710269 ER PT J AU Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Can Particulate Pollution Affect Lung Function in Healthy Adults? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID AIR-POLLUTION; FUNCTION DECLINE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; AGE C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Diaz-Sanchez, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 191 IS 6 BP 610 EP 612 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA CD7FW UT WOS:000351257200004 PM 25767921 ER PT J AU Dwivedi, AD Dubey, SP Sillanpaa, M Kwon, YN Lee, C Varma, RS AF Dwivedi, Amarendra Dhar Dubey, Shashi Prabha Sillanpaa, Mika Kwon, Young-Nam Lee, Changha Varma, Rajender S. TI Fate of engineered nanoparticles: Implications in the environment SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Engineered nanoparticles; Aggregation; Bioavailability; Ionic strength; Environmental transformations ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; CAPPED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; DIVALENT ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; COATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; AGGREGATION KINETICS AB The increased flux of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in consumer and commercial products has become a viable threat, particularly if their release affects the environment. The aim of this paper is to review the recent literature results pertaining to the underlying mechanisms initiating the transformations of ENPs for both biotic and abiotic processes. The transformation of ENPs is necessarily interrelated to multiple environmental aspects and many concepts overlap. Physicochemical, macromolecular, and biological pathways contribute to assessing the impact of the altered activities of ENPs on the surrounding environmental matrices. Transformations involving both organic and inorganic ligands are vital in soil and water systems. Energy-efficient biocatalytic pathways can easily facilitate biotransformation involving enzymatic reactions and biomolecules. The relationship between physicochemical and biological parameters triggers transformation, greatly affecting the bioavailability and aging of ENPs to various extents. Therefore, the interaction of ENPs in environmental matrices is significant in understanding the risk of potential exposure and/or uptake by biota. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dwivedi, Amarendra Dhar; Dubey, Shashi Prabha; Sillanpaa, Mika] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, LUT Green Tech, Lab Green Chem, Mikkeli 50130, Finland. [Dubey, Shashi Prabha; Kwon, Young-Nam; Lee, Changha] UNIST, Sch Urban & Environm Engn, Ulsan 698805, South Korea. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov RI Lee, Changha/E-9334-2010 OI Lee, Changha/0000-0002-0404-9405 FU Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes); Lappeenranta University of Technology at the Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Mikkeli, Finland FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) which enabled this research. ADD would like to acknowledge Lappeenranta University of Technology for providing post-doctoral funding at the Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Mikkeli, Finland. NR 249 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 26 U2 134 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 EI 1873-3840 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 287 BP 64 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.014 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA CD2RC UT WOS:000350925700004 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Nadagouda, MN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. Varma, Rajender S. TI Magnetically retrievable catalysts for asymmetric synthesis SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Magnetic nanoparticles; Asymmetric synthesis; Green chemistry; Sustainable synthesis ID DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS; CARBONYL-ENE REACTION; ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; HIGHLY EFFICIENT; GREEN CHEMISTRY; RECYCLABLE NANOCATALYSTS; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES AB The surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles with chiral scaffolds for asymmetric catalytic applications is an elegant method for obtaining a special pseudo-homogenous phase that can be separated using an external magnet. In this review, we summarize the use of magnetic nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalyst supports during asymmetric synthesis. The ease of recovering expensive catalysts and their recyclability without loss of activity are important characteristics of sustainable processes. This review highlights recent developments and progress in the field of asymmetric synthesis using magnetic supports. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, WQMB, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov FU US Department of Energy; EPA FX R. B. Nasir Baig were supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, which was administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the EPA. NR 156 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 11 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 EI 1873-3840 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 287 BP 137 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.017 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA CD2RC UT WOS:000350925700008 ER PT J AU Carleton, JN AF Carleton, James N. TI A linear systems approach to watershed transport simulation SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE pesticides; convolution; dispersion; Fourier transform; residence time; surface water modelling ID LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION; TIME-SERIES; STREAM; CATCHMENT; MODEL; CHANNELS; COLORADO; USA AB Models that simulate loadings of pollutants from agricultural landscapes to surface waters often operate at time scales that are relatively coarse (e.g. daily) compared with how fast water moves in streams, suggesting a commensurate physical scale that is substantially larger than typical agricultural fields. In general, as pollutants enter water and move downstream, longitudinal dispersive effects and travel time de-synchronization tend to cause flattening and broadening of concentration peaksan effect with implications for potential impacts on ecological and human health, and for which adequate representation is thus important for risk assessment. In-stream transport is often approximated in practice using numerical implementation of the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (ADE), with streams discretized into linked homogeneous segments. However, when a daily time step is employed, limitations inherent in the finite difference methodology may constrain simulated dispersion in lotic waters to unrepresentative or unrealistic magnitudes. In this paper, a convolution-based approach to surface water transport is suggested as an alternative to the ADE, for use in combination with daily input loading models. This approach offers the advantage of greater flexibility in representing longitudinal mixing by using impulse response functions (IRF) to represent inter-segment transport. Networks of stream segments are represented using nested convolutions, implemented using forward and inverse discrete Fourier transform to simplify calculations. Enhanced representational flexibility arises from the freedom afforded the modeller in selecting each segment's IRF, which may be chosen to represent dispersive regimes ranging from pure advection (plug flow) to compete mixing, and beyond to the sort of long-tailed mixing characterized by fractal inverse frequency power-law scaling. The approach is explored in proof-of-concept exercises that make use of atrazine monitoring data sets collected over common time periods from upstream and downstream locations within the same watersheds. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Carleton, JN (reprint author), US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Off Pesticide Programs, Mail Code 7507P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM carleton.jim@epa.gov NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1198 EP 1212 DI 10.1002/hyp.10242 PG 15 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CC7LD UT WOS:000350548100030 ER PT J AU Niazi, M Obropta, C Miskewitz, R AF Niazi, Mehran Obropta, Christopher Miskewitz, Robert TI Pathogen transport and fate modeling in the Upper Salem River Watershed using SWAT model SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE SWAT model; Pathogen fate and transport; Sensitivity analysis; Watershed modeling; Model calibration and validation ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; BACTERIA; UNCERTAINTY; MANURE; SOIL; ACCURACY; EXPOSURE; QUALITY; SURFACE AB Simulation of the fate and transport of pathogen contamination was conducted with SWAT for the Upper Salem River Watershed, located in Salem County, New Jersey. This watershed is 37 km(2) and land uses are predominantly agricultural. The watershed drains to a 32 km stretch of the Salem River upstream of the head of tide. This strech is identified on the 303(d) list as impaired for pathogens. The overall goal of this research was to use SWAT as a tool to help to better understand how two pathogen indicators (Escherichia coli and fecal coliform) are transported throughout the watershed, by determining the model parameters that control the fate and transport of these two indicator species. This effort was the first watershed modeling attempt with SWAT to successfully simulate E. coli and fecal coliform simultaneously. Sensitivity analysis has been performed for flow as well as fecal coliform and E. coli. Hydrologic calibration at six sampling locations indicate that the model provides a "good" prediction of watershed outlet flow (E = 0.69) while at certain upstream calibration locations predictions are less representative (0.32 < E < 0.70). Monthly calibration and validation of the pathogen transport and fate model was conducted for both fecal coliform (0.07 < E < 0.47 and 0.94 < E < 0.33) and E. coli (0.03 < E < 0.39 and -0.81 < E < 0.31) for the six sampling points. The fit of the model compared favorably with many similar pathogen modeling efforts. The research contributes new knowledge in E. coli and fecal coliform modeling and will help increase the understanding of sensitivity analysis and pathogen modeling with SWAT at the watershed scale. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Niazi, Mehran] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, ORD, Washington, DC USA. [Obropta, Christopher; Miskewitz, Robert] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Niazi, M (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM niazi.mehran@epa.gov FU USDA-NIFA; NJDEP FX This research would not have been possible without funding of USDA-NIFA and NJDEP, 319(h) Project. USDA, USEPA and NJDEP have not officially endorsed this publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of their offices. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 151 BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.12.042 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC1FZ UT WOS:000350087900018 PM 25576694 ER PT J AU Wu, XM Bennett, DH Moran, RE Sjodin, A Jones, RS Tancredi, DJ Tulve, NS Clifton, MS Colon, M Weathers, W Hertz-Picciotto, I AF Wu, Xiangmei (May) Bennett, Deborah H. Moran, Rebecca E. Sjoedin, Andreas Jones, Richard S. Tancredi, Daniel J. Tulve, Nicolle S. Clifton, Matthew Scott Colon, Maribel Weathers, Walter Hertz-Picciotto, Irva TI Polybrominated diphenyl ether serum concentrations in a Californian population of children, their parents, and older adults: an exposure assessment study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Children; Flame retardants; PBDEs; Serum concentration; Temporal variability ID HOUSE-DUST; UNITED-STATES; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FLAME RETARDANTS; MARKET-BASKET; PBDE LEVELS; DIETARY; SAMPLES; ASSOCIATIONS; CONSUMPTION AB Background: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in many household items. Given concerns over their potential adverse health effects, we identified predictors and evaluated temporal changes of PBDE serum concentrations. Methods: PBDE serum concentrations were measured in young children (2-8 years old; N = 67), parents of young children (<55 years old; N = 90), and older adults (= 55 years old; N = 59) in California, with concurrent floor wipe samples collected in participants' homes in 2008-2009. We also measured serum concentrations one year later in a subset of children (N = 19) and parents (N = 42). Results: PBDE serum concentrations in children were significantly higher than in adults. Floor wipe concentration is a significant predictor of serum BDE-47, 99, 100 and 154. Positive associations were observed between the intake frequency of canned meat and serum concentrations of BDE-47, 99 and 154, between canned meat entrees and BDE-154 and 209, as well as between tuna and white fish and BDE-153. The model with the floor wipe concentration and food intake frequencies explained up to 40% of the mean square prediction error of some congeners. Lower home values and renting (vs. owning) a home were associated with higher serum concentrations of BDE-47, 99 and 100. Serum concentrations measured one year apart were strongly correlated as expected (r = 0.70-0.97) with a slight decreasing trend. Conclusions: Floor wipe concentration, food intake frequency, and housing characteristics can explain 12-40% of the prediction error of PBDE serum concentrations. Decreasing temporal trends should be considered when characterizing long-term exposure. C1 [Wu, Xiangmei (May); Bennett, Deborah H.; Moran, Rebecca E.; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard S.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tancredi, Daniel J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Clifton, Matthew Scott; Colon, Maribel; Weathers, Walter] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bennett, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, One Shields Ave,MS1C, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dhbennett@ucdavis.edu FU Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) [RD-83154001]; Autism Speaks; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01-ES020392] FX This research was funded by a Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant #RD-83154001 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Data analyses were supported by funding from Autism Speaks and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, grant #R01-ES020392). The US EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. This work has been subjected to US EPA Agency administrative review and approved for publication. We are grateful to CDC researchers for their scientific input and serum measurements conducted at the Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences at the National Center for Environmental Health. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views or position of the CDC or NIH. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD MAR 14 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 23 DI 10.1186/s12940-015-0002-2 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CE8OE UT WOS:000352101800001 PM 25884939 ER PT J AU Coffman, E Richmond-Bryant, J AF Coffman, Evan Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer TI Multiple biomarker models for improved risk estimation of specific cardiovascular diseases related to metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular disease; Biomarkers; Metabolic syndrome; Joint associations; NHANES ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; FOLLOW-UP; STROKE; TRIGLYCERIDES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; CHOLESTEROL; PREDICTION AB Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the co-occurrence of several conditions that increase risk of chronic disease and mortality. Multivariate models for calculating risk of MetS-related diseases based on combinations of biomarkers are promising for future risk estimation if based on large population samples. Given biomarkers' nonspecificity and commonality in predicting diseases, we hypothesized that unique combinations of the same clinical diagnostic criteria can be used in different multivariate models to develop more accurate individual and cumulative risk estimates for specific MetS-related diseases. Methods: We utilized adult biomarker and cardiovascular disease (CVD) data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey as part of a cross-sectional analysis. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), glycohemoglobin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, and apolipoprotein-B were modeled. CVDs included congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Decile analysis for disease prevalence in each biomarker group and multivariate logistic regression for estimation of odds ratios were employed to measure the joint association between multiple biomarkers and CVD diagnoses. Results: Of the biomarkers considered, glycohemoglobin, triglycerides, and CRP were consistently associated with the CVD outcomes of interest in decile analysis and were selected for the final models. Associations were overestimated when using single-marker models in comparison with full models; individual odds ratios decreased an average of 16.4% from the single-biomarker models to the joint association models for CRP, 6.6% for triglycerides, and 1.4% for glycohemoglobin. However, joint associations were stronger than any single-marker estimate. Additionally, reduced models produced unique combinations of biomarkers for specific CVD outcomes. Conclusion: The reduced joint association modeling results suggest that unique combinations of biomarkers with their related measure of association can be used to produce more accurate cumulative risk estimates for each CVD. Additionally, our results indicate that the use of multiple biomarkers in a single multivariate model may provide increased accuracy of individual biomarker association estimates by controlling for statistical artifacts and spurious relationships due to co-biomarker confounding. C1 [Coffman, Evan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer] US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Coffman, E (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Mail Drop B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM coffman.evan@epa.gov NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PD MAR 14 PY 2015 VL 13 AR 7 DI 10.1186/s12963-015-0041-5 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CD7LZ UT WOS:000351273200001 PM 25788869 ER PT J AU Jukic, AMZ Steiner, AZ Baird, DD AF Jukic, Anne Marie Z. Steiner, Anne Z. Baird, Donna D. TI Lower plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with irregular menstrual cycles in a cross-sectional study SO REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ovulation; Ovary; Vitamin D; Follicle; Menstrual cycle ID VITAMIN-D; UTERINE LEIOMYOMA; MICE; DEFICIENCY AB Background: In animals, low levels of vitamin D are associated with estrus cycle disturbances, but there are virtually no human data. We examined the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) (a biomarker for vitamin D status) with menstrual cycle characteristics. Methods: Women aged 35-44 were randomly selected from a Washington D. C. health plan and invited to participate in the Uterine Fibroid Study (1996-1999). Our analysis includes 636 women (57% were African-American) who provided a blood sample and completed a telephone interview that included gynecologic history. Women were asked their usual cycle length in the preceding year. Women who reported it was "too irregular to estimate" were classified as having irregular cycles (N = 48). Women were excluded if they currently or recently used hormonal contraception or any other medication that influences menstrual cycles. 25(OH) D was measured by radioimmunoassay in stored plasma samples. Results: The median 25(OH) D level was 12.0 ng/mL (interquartile range: 7.6, 19.7 ng/mL). After controlling for age, race, BMI, education, age of menarche, current smoking, alcohol use, and physical activity, a decrease in 25(OH) D of 10 ng/mL was associated with 1.9 times the odds of irregular cycles (Odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.9 (1.0, 3.4), p = 0.04). 25(OH) D was not associated with the occurrence of short cycles (OR(CI): 1.08 (0.79, 1.48, p = 0.6) or long cycles (OR(CI): 1.31 (0.66, 2.60), p = 0.4). Conclusions: Lower levels of 25(OH) D were associated with irregular cycles, but not with short or long cycles. Vitamin D may play a role in regulating ovulatory function. Further investigation of potential mechanisms is warranted. C1 [Jukic, Anne Marie Z.; Baird, Donna D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Steiner, Anne Z.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Jukic, AMZ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM jukica@niehs.nih.gov RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES049003] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Z01ES049003. We would like to thank Drs. Walter Rogan and Clarice Weinberg for their comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1477-7827 J9 REPROD BIOL ENDOCRIN JI Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 13 AR 20 DI 10.1186/s12958-015-0012-5 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology GA CD5MY UT WOS:000351133200001 PM 25879830 ER PT J AU Martin, TM Young, DM Lilavois, CR Barron, MG AF Martin, T. M. Young, D. M. Lilavois, C. R. Barron, M. G. TI Comparison of global and mode of action-based models for aquatic toxicity SO SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE multiple linear regression; mode of action; octanol-water partition coefficient; aquatic toxicity; linear discriminant analysis (LDA); quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; FATHEAD MINNOW; TETRAHYMENA-PYRIFORMIS; NEURAL-NETWORKS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PREDICTION; PHENOLS AB The ability to estimate aquatic toxicity is a critical need for ecological risk assessment and chemical regulation. The consensus in the literature is that mode of action (MOA) based toxicity models yield the most toxicologically meaningful and, theoretically, the most accurate results. In this study, a two-step prediction methodology was developed to estimate acute aquatic toxicity from molecular structure. In the first step, one-against-the-rest linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models were used to predict the MOA. The LDA models were able to predict the MOA with 85.8-88.8% accuracy for broad and specific MOAs, respectively. In the second step, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model corresponding to the predicted MOA was used to predict the acute aquatic toxicity value. The MOA-based approach was found to yield similar external prediction accuracy (r(2) = 0.529-0.632) to a single global MLR model (r(2) = 0.551-0.562) fit to the entire training set. Overall, the global hierarchical clustering approach yielded a higher combination of accuracy and prediction coverage (r(2) = 0.572, coverage = 99.3%) than the other approaches. Utilizing multiple two-dimensional chemical descriptors in MLR models yielded comparable results to using only the octanol-water partition coefficient (log K-ow). C1 [Martin, T. M.; Young, D. M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lilavois, C. R.; Barron, M. G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. RP Martin, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM martin.todd@epa.gov NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1062-936X EI 1029-046X J9 SAR QSAR ENVIRON RES JI SAR QSAR Environ. Res. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 26 IS 3 BP 245 EP 262 DI 10.1080/1062936X.2015.1018939 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology GA CD5VM UT WOS:000351156500001 PM 25783870 ER PT J AU Marten, AL Kopits, EA Griffiths, CW Newbold, SC Wolverton, A AF Marten, Alex L. Kopits, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Charles W. Newbold, Stephen C. Wolverton, Ann TI Incremental CH4 and N2O mitigation benefits consistent with the US Government's SC-CO2 estimates SO CLIMATE POLICY LA English DT Article DE integrated assessment; non-CO2 GHGs; social cost of carbon ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DAMAGE COSTS; CONTINGENT VALUATION; IMPACTS; METHANE; POLICY AB Benefit-cost analysis can serve as an informative input into the policy-making process, but only to the degree it characterizes the major impacts of the regulation under consideration. Recently, the US, amongst other nations, has begun to use estimates of the social cost of CO2 (SC-CO2) to develop analyses that more fully capture the climate change impacts of GHG abatement. The SC-CO2 represents the aggregate willingness to pay to avoid the damages associated with an additional tonne of CO2 emissions. In comparison, the social costs of non-CO2 GHGs have received little attention from researchers and policy analysts, despite their non-negligible climate impact. This article addresses this issue by developing a set of social cost estimates for two highly prevalent non-CO2 GHGs, methane and nitrous oxide. By extending existing integrated assessment models, it is possible to develop a set of social cost estimates for these gases that are consistent with the SC-CO2 estimates currently in use by the US federal government.Policy relevanceWithin the benefit-cost analyses that inform the design of major regulations, all Federal agencies within the US Government (USG) use a set of agreed upon SC-CO2 estimates to value the impact of CO2 emissions changes. However, the value of changes in non-CO2 GHG emissions has not been included in USG policy analysis to date. This article addresses that omission by developing a set of social cost estimates for two highly prevalent non-CO2 GHGs, methane and nitrous oxide. These new estimates are designed to be compatible with the USG SC-CO2 estimates currently in use and may therefore be directly applied to value emissions changes for these non-CO2 gases within the benefit-cost analyses used to evaluate future policies. C1 [Marten, Alex L.; Kopits, Elizabeth A.; Griffiths, Charles W.; Newbold, Stephen C.; Wolverton, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marten, AL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marten.alex@epa.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1469-3062 EI 1752-7457 J9 CLIM POLICY JI Clim. Policy PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 15 IS 2 BP 272 EP 298 DI 10.1080/14693062.2014.912981 PG 27 WC Environmental Studies; Public Administration SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration GA CA1JU UT WOS:000348669800004 ER PT J AU Ridoutt, B Fantke, P Pfister, S Bare, J Boulay, AM Cherubini, F Frischknecht, R Hauschild, M Hellweg, S Henderson, A Jolliet, O Levasseur, A Margni, M McKone, T Michelsen, O Canals, LMI Page, G Pant, R Raugei, M Sala, S Saouter, E Verones, F Wiedmann, T AF Ridoutt, Bradley Fantke, Peter Pfister, Stephan Bare, Jane Boulay, Anne-Marie Cherubini, Francesco Frischknecht, Rolf Hauschild, Michael Hellweg, Stefanie Henderson, Andrew Jolliet, Olivier Levasseur, Annie Margni, Manuele McKone, Thomas Michelsen, Ottar Mila i Canals, Llorenc Page, Girija Pant, Rana Raugei, Marco Sala, Serenella Saouter, Erwan Verones, Francesca Wiedmann, Thomas TI Making Sense of the Minefield of Footprint Indicators SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ridoutt, Bradley] CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia. [Fantke, Peter; Hauschild, Michael] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Engn Management, Div Quantitat Sustainabil Assessment, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Pfister, Stephan; Hellweg, Stefanie] ETH, Inst Environm Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bare, Jane] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Syst Anal Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Boulay, Anne-Marie; Levasseur, Annie; Margni, Manuele] Ecole Polytech, CIRAIG, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. [Cherubini, Francesco; Verones, Francesca] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Ind Ecol Programme, Dept Energy & Proc Engn, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Frischknecht, Rolf] Treeze Ltd, Uster, Switzerland. [Henderson, Andrew] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jolliet, Olivier] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [McKone, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McKone, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Michelsen, Ottar] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Div Finance & Property, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Mila i Canals, Llorenc] UNEP, Div Technol Ind & Econ, F-75009 Paris, France. [Page, Girija] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Sci & Hlth, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Pant, Rana; Sala, Serenella; Saouter, Erwan] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Raugei, Marco] Oxford Brookes Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Math Sci, Oxford OX33 1HX, England. [Wiedmann, Thomas] UNSW Australia, Sustainabil Assessment Program, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Ridoutt, B (reprint author), CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia. EM brad.ridoutt@csiro.au RI QSA, DTU/J-4787-2014; Wiedmann, Thomas/C-9158-2011; Pfister, Stephan/B-1317-2011; Hauschild, Michael/G-4335-2011; Ridoutt, Bradley/D-3329-2011; Fantke, Peter/N-2704-2015; Raugei, Marco/N-4737-2015; OI Wiedmann, Thomas/0000-0002-6395-8887; Pfister, Stephan/0000-0001-8984-2041; Ridoutt, Bradley/0000-0001-7352-0427; Fantke, Peter/0000-0001-7148-6982; Raugei, Marco/0000-0001-5026-8556; Hellweg, Stefanie/0000-0001-6376-9878; Sala, Serenella/0000-0003-1919-9948 NR 5 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2601 EP 2603 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00163 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8IH UT WOS:000350611100008 PM 25675252 ER PT J AU Hopkins, KG Morse, NB Bain, DJ Bettez, ND Grimm, NB Morse, JL Palta, MM Shuster, WD Bratt, AR Suchy, AK AF Hopkins, Kristina G. Morse, Nathaniel B. Bain, Daniel J. Bettez, Neil D. Grimm, Nancy B. Morse, Jennifer L. Palta, Monica M. Shuster, William D. Bratt, Anika R. Suchy, Amanda K. TI Assessment of Regional Variation in Streamflow Responses to Urbanization and the Persistence of Physiography SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION; CATCHMENT-SCALE; URBAN STREAMS; CARBON POOLS; FLOW REGIME; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEMS; USA AB Aquatic ecosystems are sensitive to the modification of hydrologic regimes, experiencing declines in stream health as the streamflow regime is altered during urbanization. This study uses streamflow records to quantify the type and magnitude of hydrologic changes across urbanization gradients in nine U.S. cities (Atlanta, GA, Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Detroit, MI, Raleigh, NC, St. Paul, MN, Pittsburgh, PA, Phoenix, AZ, and Portland, OR) in two physiographic settings. Results indicate similar development trajectories among urbanization gradients, but heterogeneity in the type and magnitude of hydrologic responses to this apparently uniform urban pattern. Similar urban patterns did not confer similar hydrologic function. Study watersheds in landscapes with level slopes and high soil permeability had less frequent high-flow events, longer high-flow durations, lower flashiness response, and lower flow maxima compared to similarly developed watersheds in landscape with steep slopes and low soil permeability. Our results suggest that physical characteristics associated with level topography and high water-storage capacity buffer the severity of hydrologic changes associated with urbanization. Urbanization overlain upon a diverse set of physical templates creates multiple pathways toward hydrologic impairment; therefore, we caution against the use of the urban homogenization framework in examining geophysically dominated processes. C1 [Hopkins, Kristina G.; Bain, Daniel J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Hopkins, Kristina G.] Nat Socioenvironm Synth Ctr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Morse, Nathaniel B.] Univ New Hampshire, Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Bettez, Neil D.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.; Suchy, Amanda K.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. [Morse, Jennifer L.] Portland State Univ, Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Palta, Monica M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Shuster, William D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bratt, Anika R.] Univ Minnesota, Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Hopkins, KG (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM khopkins@sesync.org RI Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; OI Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Morse, Jennifer/0000-0001-8872-4940 FU Long-Term Ecological Research program's Network Office (NSF) via an Urban Aquatics Working Group [0832652, 0936498]; Central Arizona-Phoenix (NSF) [1026865]; Baltimore Ecosystem Study (NSF) [1027188]; Plum Island Ecosystem (NSF) LTERs [1058747]; University of Pittsburgh FX Funding was provided by the Long-Term Ecological Research program's Network Office (NSF #0832652 and #0936498) via an Urban Aquatics Working Group; the Central Arizona-Phoenix (NSF #1026865), Baltimore Ecosystem Study (NSF #1027188), and Plum Island Ecosystem (NSF #1058747) LTERs; and the University of Pittsburgh. The Capital Region Watershed District and collaborators at the University of Minnesota provided St. Paul streamflow records. We are grateful for assistance in data compilation from Rose Smith, Fox Peterson, Leila Desotell, Carolyn Voter, and Seth Gustafson. We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for helpful comments on this manuscript. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2724 EP 2732 DI 10.1021/es505389y PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8IH UT WOS:000350611100022 PM 25660388 ER PT J AU Li, DE Kaplan, DI Chang, HS Seaman, JC Jaffe, PR van Groos, PK Scheckel, KG Segre, CU Chen, N Jiang, DT Newville, M Lanzirotti, A AF Li, Dien Kaplan, Daniel I. Chang, Hyun-Shik Seaman, John C. Jaffe, Peter R. van Groos, Paul Koster Scheckel, Kirk G. Segre, Carlo U. Chen, Ning Jiang, De-Tong Newville, Matthew Lanzirotti, Antonio TI Spectroscopic Evidence of Uranium Immobilization in Acidic Wetlands by Natural Organic Matter and Plant Roots SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; SAVANNA RIVER SITE; IN-SITU; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; HYDROXYAPATITE ADDITION; CHEMICAL SPECIATION; REDUCING CONDITIONS; U(VI) BIOREDUCTION; HUMIC ACIDS; REDUCTION AB Biogeochemistry of uranium in wetlands plays important roles in U immobilization in storage ponds of U mining and processing facilities but has not been well understood. The objective of this work was to study molecular mechanisms responsible for high U retention by Savannah River Site (SRS) wetland sediments under varying redox and acidic (pH = 2.6-5.8) conditions using U L-3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Uranium in the SRS wetland sediments existed primarily as U(VI) bonded as a bidentate to carboxylic sites (U-C bond distance at similar to 2.88 angstrom), rather than phenolic or other sites of natural organic matter (NOM). In microcosms simulating the SRS wetland processes, U immobilization on roots was 2 orders of magnitude higher than on the adjacent brown or more distant white sands in which U was U(VI). Uranium on the roots were both U(IV) and U(VI), which were bonded as a bidentate to carbon, but the U(VI) may also form a U phosphate mineral. After 140 days of air exposure, all U(IV) was reoxidized to U(VI) but remained as a bidentate bonding to carbon. This study demonstrated NOM and plant roots can highly immobilize U(VI) in the SRS acidic sediments, which has significant implication for the long-term stewardship of U-contaminated wetlands. C1 [Li, Dien; Kaplan, Daniel I.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Chang, Hyun-Shik; Seaman, John C.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Jaffe, Peter R.; van Groos, Paul Koster] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Segre, Carlo U.] IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Segre, Carlo U.] IIT, CSRRI, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Chen, Ning] Canadian Light Sources Inc, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada. [Jiang, De-Tong] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Newville, Matthew; Lanzirotti, Antonio] Univ Chicago, CARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Li, DE (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM Dien.Li@srs.gov RI Segre, Carlo/B-1548-2009; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; OI Segre, Carlo/0000-0001-7664-1574; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research program within the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Sciences, Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. DOE [DE-AC09-96SR18500]; Savannah River Ecology Laboratory through a DOE [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; DOE [DE-SC0006847]; NSERC Discovery Grant; EPA; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF's Earth Sciences [EAR-0217473]; DOE's Geo-sciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; State of Illinois; U.S. DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38]; NSERC of Canada; NRC of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Province of Saskatchewan FX This work was supported by the Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research program within the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Sciences, Biological and Environmental Research. Work was conducted at Savanah River National Lab under the U.S. DOE Contract DE-AC09-96SR18500. Participation of Drs. J. C. Seaman and H. S. Chang in the current study was supported by the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory through a DOE Financial Assistance Award DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. Work was conducted at Princeton University under the DOE Contract DE-SC0006847 and at University of Guelph supported by D.T.J.'s NSERC Discovery Grant. Although Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) contributed to this article, the research presented was not directly performed or funded by EPA and was not subjected to EPA's quality system requirements. Consequently, the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect or represent EPA's views or policies. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. GeoSoilEnviroCARS (13-IDE) was supported by the NSF's Earth Sciences (EAR-0217473), DOE's Geo-sciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466), and the State of Illinois. Use of APS was supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. Canadian Light Sources (CLS) was supported by the NSERC of Canada, the NRC of Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the Province of Saskatchewan. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2823 EP 2832 DI 10.1021/es505369g PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8IH UT WOS:000350611100033 PM 25634067 ER PT J AU Ekman, DR Skelton, DM Davis, JM Villeneuve, DL Cavallin, JE Schroeder, A Jensen, KM Ankley, GT Collette, TW AF Ekman, D. R. Skelton, D. M. Davis, J. M. Villeneuve, D. L. Cavallin, J. E. Schroeder, A. Jensen, K. M. Ankley, G. T. Collette, T. W. TI Metabolite Profiling of Fish Skin Mucus: A Novel Approach for Minimally-Invasive Environmental Exposure Monitoring and Surveillance SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A; SURFACE MUCUS; PYRIMIDINE METABOLISM; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RAINBOW-TROUT; VITELLOGENIN; ACID; SEX; AGE AB The application of 'omics tools to biologically based monitoring and surveillance of aquatic environments shows considerable promise for complementing chemical monitoring in ecological risk assessments. However, few of the current approaches offer the ability to sample ecologically relevant species (e.g., fish) in a way that produces minimal impact on the health of the organism(s) under study. In the current study we employ liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess the potential for skin mucus-based metabolomics for minimally invasive sampling of the fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas). Using this approach we were able to detect 204 distinct metabolites in the FHM skin mucus metabolome representing a large number of metabolite classes. An analysis of the sex specificity of the skin mucus metabolome showed it to be highly sexually dimorphic with 72 of the detected metabolites showing a statistically significant bias with regard to sex. Finally, in a proof-of-concept fashion we report on the use of skin mucus-based metabolomics to assess exposures in male and female fathead minnows to an environmentally relevant concentration of bisphenol A, a nearly ubiquitous environmental contaminant and an established endocrine active chemical. C1 [Ekman, D. R.; Skelton, D. M.; Davis, J. M.; Collette, T. W.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Villeneuve, D. L.; Schroeder, A.; Jensen, K. M.; Ankley, G. T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Cavallin, J. E.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ekman, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM ekman.drew@epa.gov FU Great Lakes National Program Office [DW8992298301]; ORISE Fellowship FX We thank T. Smith, J. Berninger, E. Eid, M. Hughes, M. Kahl, E. Makynen, and K. Stevens for research and technical assistance. J.M.D. was supported by the Great Lakes National Program Office and an appointment to the Postdoctoral Research Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through interagency agreement (DW8992298301) between U.S. DOE and U.S. EPA. J.E.C. was supported by an ORISE Fellowship. The views expressed in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, official EPA approval, endorsement, or recommendation. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 5 BP 3091 EP 3100 DI 10.1021/es505054r PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8IH UT WOS:000350611100064 PM 25607249 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK Tabor, D Williams, RK Mitchell, W Kemme, MR AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. Tabor, Dennis Williams, Ryan K. Mitchell, William Kemme, Michael R. TI Aerostat-based sampling of emissions from open burning and open detonation of military ordnance SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Munitions; Emission factors; Open burning; Open detonation; Static firing ID PCDD/PCDF AB Emissions from open detonation (OD), open burning (OB), and static firing (SF) of obsolete military munitions were collected using an aerostat-lofted sampling instrument maneuvered into the plumes with remotely controlled tether winches. PM2.5, PM10, metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), energetics, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were characterized from 121 trials of three different munitions (Composition B (hereafter, "Comp B"), V453, V548), 152 trials of five different propellants (M31A1E1, M26, SPCF, Arc 451, 452A), and 12 trials with static firing of ammonium perchlorate-containing Sparrow rocket motors. Sampling was conducted with operational charge sizes and under open area conditions to determine emission levels representative of actual disposal practices. The successful application of the tethered aerostat and sampling instruments demonstrated the ability to sample for and determine the first ever emission factors for static firing of rocket motors and buried and metal-cased OD, as well as the first measurements of PM2.5 for OB and for surface OD. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Aurell, Johanna; Gullett, Brian K.; Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Williams, Ryan K.] US Dept Def, Joint Munit Command, Logist Integrat Directorate, Engn & Demil Technol Off,AMSJM LIB T, Tulsa, OK 74501 USA. [Mitchell, William] William Mitchell Bill Mitchell & Associates LLC, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Kemme, Michael R.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Attn CEERD CN E, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM aurell.johanna@epa.gov; gullett.brian@epa.gov; tabor.dennis@epa.gov; ryan.k.williams.civ@mail.mil; mitcbill@gmail.com; michael.r.kemme@usace.army.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; U.S. EPA; U.S. EPA/NRMRL FX This work was funded by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program and U.S. EPA. Technical advisors included Keith Clift, U.S. Army; Randy Cramer, Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity; Eric Erickson, Naval Air Warfare Center-Weapons Division, China Lake; Tony Livingston, Joint Munitions Command; GeorgeThompson, Chemical Compliance System, Inc. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA/NRMRL. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAR 2 PY 2015 VL 284 BP 108 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.029 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4YX UT WOS:000347581900014 PM 25463224 ER PT J AU Sagers, CL Londo, JP Bautista, N Lee, EH Watrud, LS King, G AF Sagers, Cynthia L. Londo, Jason P. Bautista, Nonnie Lee, Edward Henry Watrud, Lidia S. King, George TI Benefits of Transgenic Insect Resistance in Brassica Hybrids under Selection SO AGRONOMY-BASEL LA English DT Article DE Brassica; Bt Cry1Ac; feral species; herbivory; Plutella xylostella; risk assessment; weed evolution ID GREEN-FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; GENE FLOW; WILD SUNFLOWERS; OILSEED RAPE; NAPUS; HYBRIDIZATION; EXPRESSION; COSTS; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION AB Field trials of transgenic crops may result in unintentional transgene flow to compatible crop, native, and weedy species. Hybridization outside crop fields may create novel forms with potential negative outcomes for wild and weedy plant populations. We report here the outcome of large outdoor mesocosm studies with canola (Brassica napus), transgenic canola, a sexually compatible weed B. rapa, and their hybrids. Brassica rapa was hybridized with canola and canola carrying a transgene for herbivore resistance (Bt Cry1Ac) and grown in outdoor mesocosms under varying conditions of competition and insect herbivory. Treatment effects differed significantly among genotypes. Hybrids were larger than all other genotypes, and produced more seeds than the B. rapa parent. Under conditions of heavy herbivory, plants carrying the transgenic resistance were larger and produced more seeds than non-transgenic plants. Pollen derived gene flow from transgenic canola to B. rapa varied between years (5%-22%) and was not significantly impacted by herbivory. These results confirm that canola-weed hybrids benefit from transgenic resistance and are aggressive competitors with congeneric crops and ruderals. Because some crop and crop-weed hybrids may be competitively superior, escapees may alter the composition and ecological functions of plant communities near transgenic crop fields. C1 [Sagers, Cynthia L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Londo, Jason P.] ARS, USDA, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Bautista, Nonnie] Univ Philippines Los Banos, Inst Biol Sci, Div Plant Biol, Laguna 4031, Philippines. [Lee, Edward Henry; Watrud, Lidia S.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [King, George] CSS Dynamac, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Sagers, CL (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM csagers@uark.edu; jason.londo@ars.usda.gov; nsbautista@yahoo.com; lee.ehenry@epa.gov; watrud.lidia@epa.gov; king.george@epa.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND EI 2073-4395 J9 AGRONOMY-BASEL JI Agronomy-Basel PD MAR PY 2015 VL 5 IS 1 BP 21 EP 34 DI 10.3390/agronomy5010021 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CV4IH UT WOS:000364229900001 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD AF Pleil, Joachim D. TI Understanding new "exploratory" biomarker data: a first look at observed concentrations and associated detection limits SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X EI 1366-5804 J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD MAR PY 2015 VL 20 IS 2 BP 168 EP 169 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2015.1040841 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA CM9XC UT WOS:000358062100011 PM 25980452 ER PT J AU Wireman, M AF Wireman, Mike TI Development and Implementation of a National Groundwater Monitoring Network SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wireman, Mike] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 EI 1745-6592 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 BP 21 EP 22 DI 10.1111/gwmr.12105 PG 2 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA CI9YD UT WOS:000355125800002 ER PT J AU Manny, BA Roseman, EF Kennedy, G Boase, JC Craig, JM Bennion, DH Read, J Vaccaro, L Chiotti, J Drouin, R Ellison, R AF Manny, Bruce A. Roseman, Edward F. Kennedy, Gregory Boase, James C. Craig, Jaquelyn M. Bennion, David H. Read, Jennifer Vaccaro, Lynn Chiotti, Justin Drouin, Richard Ellison, Rosanne TI A scientific basis for restoring fish spawning habitat in the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers of the Laurentian Great Lakes SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; conceptual design; large rivers ID STURGEON ACIPENSER-FULVESCENS; HURON-ERIE CORRIDOR; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT AB Loss of functional habitat in riverine systems is a global fisheries issue. Few studies, however, describe the decision-making approach taken to abate loss of fish spawning habitat. Numerous habitat restoration efforts are underway and documentation of successful restoration techniques for spawning habitat of desirable fish species in large rivers connecting the Laurentian Great Lakes are reported here. In 2003, to compensate for the loss of fish spawning habitat in the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers that connect the Great Lakes Huron and Erie, an international partnership of state, federal, and academic scientists began restoring fish spawning habitat in both of these rivers. Using an adaptive management approach, we created 1,100 m(2) of productive fish spawning habitat near Belle Isle in the Detroit River in 2004; 3,300 m(2) of fish spawning habitat near Fighting Island in the Detroit River in 2008; and 4,000 m(2) of fish spawning habitat in the Middle Channel of the St. Clair River in 2012. Here, we describe the adaptive-feedback management approach that we used to guide our decision making during all phases of spawning habitat restoration, including problem identification, team building, hypothesis development, strategy development, prioritization of physical and biological imperatives, project implementation, habitat construction, monitoring of fish use of the constructed spawning habitats, and communication of research results. Numerous scientific and economic lessons learned from 10 years of planning, building, and assessing fish use of these three fish spawning habitat restoration projects are summarized in this article. C1 [Manny, Bruce A.; Roseman, Edward F.; Kennedy, Gregory; Craig, Jaquelyn M.; Bennion, David H.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Boase, James C.; Chiotti, Justin] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Waterford, MI USA. [Read, Jennifer] Univ Michigan, Water Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Vaccaro, Lynn] Univ Michigan, Michigan Sea Grant, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Drouin, Richard] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, London, ON, Canada. [Ellison, Rosanne] US EPA, Grosse Ile, MI USA. RP Manny, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM bmanny@usgs.gov OI Roseman, Edward/0000-0002-5315-9838 NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 23 IS 2 BP 149 EP 156 DI 10.1111/rec.12159 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH3WU UT WOS:000353962500008 ER PT J AU Huang, WJ Cai, WJ Wang, YC Lohrenz, SE Murrell, MC AF Huang, Wei-Jen Cai, Wei-Jun Wang, Yongchen Lohrenz, Steven E. Murrell, Michael C. TI The carbon dioxide system on the Mississippi River-dominated continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1. Distribution and air-sea CO2 flux SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE carbon cycle; gas exchange; river plume ID EAST CHINA SEA; COASTAL OCEAN; GAS-EXCHANGE; INORGANIC CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WIND-SPEED; PLUME; WATER; LOUISIANA AB River-dominated continental shelf environments are active sites of air-sea CO2 exchange. We conducted 13 cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico, a region strongly influenced by fresh water and nutrients delivered from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya River system. The sea surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) was measured, and the air-sea CO2 flux was calculated. Results show that CO2 exchange exhibited a distinct seasonality: the study area was a net sink of atmospheric CO2 during spring and early summer, and it was neutral or a weak source of CO2 to the atmosphere during midsummer, fall, and winter. Along the salinity gradient, across the shelf, the sea surface shifted from a source of CO2 in low-salinity zones (0S<17) to a strong CO2 sink in the middle-to-high-salinity zones (17S<33), and finally was a near-neutral state in the high-salinity areas (33S<35) and in the open gulf (S35). High pCO(2) values were only observed in narrow regions near freshwater sources, and the distribution of undersaturated pCO(2) generally reflected the influence of freshwater inputs along the shelf. Systematic analyses of pCO(2) variation demonstrated the importance of riverine nitrogen export; that is, riverine nitrogen-enhanced biological removal, along with mixing processes, dominated pCO(2) variation along the salinity gradient. In addition, extreme or unusual weather events were observed to alter the alongshore pCO(2) distribution and to affect regional air-sea CO2 flux estimates. Overall, the study region acted as a net CO2 sink of 0.963.7 mol m(-2) yr(-1) (1.154.4 Tg C yr(-1)). C1 [Huang, Wei-Jen; Cai, Wei-Jun] Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Huang, Wei-Jen; Wang, Yongchen] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lohrenz, Steven E.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Dept Fisheries Oceanog, Dartmouth, MA USA. [Murrell, Michael C.] US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. RP Cai, WJ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM wcai@udel.edu RI Cai, Wei-Jun/C-1361-2013; OI Cai, Wei-Jun/0000-0003-3606-8325; Lohrenz, Steven/0000-0003-3811-2975 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0752110, OCE-0752254]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX10AU06G, NNX10AU78G, NNH14AY07I, NNX14AO73G]; BP [GoMRI-020] FX We thank the captains and crews on R/V Pelican, OSV Bold, R/V Cape Hatteras, and R/V Hugh R. Sharp for their support. We thank P. Yager, C. S. Hopkinson, and C. Meile for their valuable discussion and comments and two anonymous reviewers for their comments. Thank S. F. DiMarco for sharing the cruise in July 2008. We also thank the National Science Foundation (OCE-0752110 and OCE-0752254), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX10AU06G, NNX10AU78G, NNH14AY07I, NNX14AO73G), and the BP-funded Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative RFP-II award (GoMRI-020) for providing funding. The majority of the data have been submitted to Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) and Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) and are available at these addresses: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2006. data, http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/UG_GoM_UW_Data/2007.datam, http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/Cape_Hatteras_GM/. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 3 BP 1429 EP 1445 DI 10.1002/2014JC010498 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CH3BG UT WOS:000353900000001 ER PT J AU Fann, NL Lamson, AD Luben, TJ Hubbell, BJ AF Fann, Neal L. Lamson, Amy D. Luben, Tom J. Hubbell, Bryan J. TI Response to: "Enhancing the Characterization of Epistemic Uncertainties in PM2.5 Risk Analyses" SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID OZONE EXPOSURE; MORTALITY C1 [Fann, Neal L.; Lamson, Amy D.; Luben, Tom J.; Hubbell, Bryan J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fann, NL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM fann.neal@epamail.epa.gov OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 BP 379 EP 380 DI 10.1111/risa.12301 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA CH3ZZ UT WOS:000353971300005 PM 25583359 ER PT J AU Guignet, D Alberini, A AF Guignet, Dennis Alberini, Anna TI Can Property Values Capture Changes in Environmental Health Risks? Evidence from a Stated Preference Study in Italy and the United Kingdom SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; home values; stated preference; value of statistical life (VSL) ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; STATISTICAL LIFE; MORTALITY RISK; CONTINGENT VALUATION; HOUSING-MARKET; VALUING REDUCTIONS; CHOICE EXPERIMENT; CANCER-RISKS; AIR-QUALITY; PANEL-DATA AB Hedonic models are a common nonmarket valuation technique, but, in practice, results can be affected by omitted variables and whether homebuyers respond to the assumed environmental measure. We undertake an alternative stated preference approach that circumvents these issues. We examine how homeowners in the United Kingdom and Italy value mortality risk reductions by asking them to choose among hypothetical variants of their home that differ in terms of mortality risks from air pollution and price. We find that Italian homeowners hold a value of a statistical life (VSL) of Euro6.4 million, but U.K. homeowners hold a much lower VSL (Euro2.1 million). This may be because respondents in the United Kingdom do not perceive air pollution where they live to be as threatening, and actually live in cities with relatively low air pollution. Italian homeowners value a reduction in the risk of dying from cancer more than from other causes, but U.K. respondents do not hold such a premium. Lastly, respondents who face higher baseline risks, due to greater air pollution where they live, hold a higher VSL, particularly in the United Kingdom. In both countries, the VSL is twice as large among individuals who perceive air pollution where they live as high. C1 [Guignet, Dennis] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Alberini, Anna] Univ Maryland, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, College Pk, MD USA. [Alberini, Anna] Fdn Eni Enr Mattei, Venice, Italy. RP Guignet, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Mail Code 1809 T,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM guignet.dennis@epa.gov FU Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei as part of the EXIOPOL project FX This research was supported by funding from Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei as part of the EXIOPOL project. We thank Stefania Tonin, Milan Scasny, and Alistair Hunt for their substantial contributions in developing this survey, and Martin Kryl for programming the computer survey interface. Any opinions expressed in this article are solely our own, and do not necessarily reflect those of Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 BP 501 EP 517 DI 10.1111/risa.12282 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA CH3ZZ UT WOS:000353971300015 PM 25264101 ER PT J AU Jayapalan, AR Lee, BY Land, EM Bergin, MH Kurtis, KE AF Jayapalan, Amal R. Lee, Bo Yeon Land, Eva M. Bergin, Michael H. Kurtis, Kimberly E. TI Photocatalytic Efficiency of Cement-Based Materials: Demonstration of Proposed Test Method SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE characterization; photocatalysis; surface area; titania ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; TIO2; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION; SURFACES; PHASE; NOX AB While there is an increasing interest in using photocatalytic cement-based materials, a lack of an appropriate standard procedure for testing the photocatalytic activity and efficiency of such materials makes comparisons among materials and data from different sources challenging. Current standard test methods are not appropriate for assessing photocatalytic nitrogen oxide conversion by cement itious materials because the standards do not consider surface properties of cementitious materials, nor are the test conditions appropriate for evaluation of cementitious materials. Therefore, the main objective is to propose a standard procedure for assessing the photocatalytic activity of cement mixtures with TiO2 additives and to define a parameter the photocatalytic efficiency factor (PEF) that could be used to compare the photocatalytic activity of different TiO2 cement mixtures, even for extended exposure conditions. The use of PEF is demonstrated, and values of PEF ranging from 8.40 to 51.55 mu mol.h(-1).m(-2) (0.78 to 4.79 mu mol.h(-1).fr(-2)) was observed for mixtures with TiO2 up to 15% replacement. C1 [Jayapalan, Amal R.] Exponent Failure Anal Associates, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lee, Bo Yeon] Univ Suwon, Dept Architectural Engn, Hwaseong, South Korea. [Land, Eva M.] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg 4, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bergin, Michael H.; Kurtis, Kimberly E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Bergin, Michael H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Jayapalan, AR (reprint author), Exponent Failure Anal Associates, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0825373] FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMMI-0825373. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge S. Fredrich for assistance in the experiments. The authors would like, to thank Lafarge, Cristal (Millennium) Chemicals, Tayca, and Evonik Industries for providing materials for this study. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER CONCRETE INST PI FARMINGTON HILLS PA 38800 COUNTRY CLUB DR, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48331 USA SN 0889-325X EI 1944-737X J9 ACI MATER J JI ACI Mater. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 112 IS 2 BP 219 EP 228 DI 10.14359/51686985 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA CF9YU UT WOS:000352924600005 ER PT J AU Wu, WD Wages, PA Devlin, RB Diaz-Sanchez, D Peden, DB Samet, JM AF Wu, Weidong Wages, Phillip A. Devlin, Robert B. Diaz-Sanchez, David Peden, David B. Samet, James M. TI Src-Mediated EGF Receptor Activation Regulates Ozone-Induced Interleukin 8 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION SITES; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; TYROSINE KINASE; INDUCED RELEASE; BREAST-CANCER; IN-VITRO; NEUTROPHIL AB BACKGROUND: Human exposure to ozone (O-3) results in pulmonary function decrements and airway inflammation. The mechanisms underlying these adverse effects remain unclear. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung inflammation. OBJECTIVE: We examined the role of EGFR activation in O-3-induced expression of the chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8) in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC). METHODS: We detected phosphorylated EGFR using immunoblotting. EGFR dimeriza-tion was examined through cross-linking reaction and immunoblotting, and levels of IL-8 protein were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: Exposure to O-3 (0.25-1.0 ppm) induced rapid and marked increase in EGFR phosphorylation at the autophosphorylation site Y1068 and the transphosphorylation site Y845, implicating the involvement of Src kinase. Further investigation showed that O-3 stimulation induced phosphorylation of Src at Y416, indicative of Src activation. Pharmacological inhibition of Src kinase activity abrogated O-3-induced EGFR phosphorylation at tyrosines 1068 and 845. Moreover, pretreatment of BEAS-2B cells with inhibitor of either EGFR or Src kinase activities significantly blocked O-3-induced IL-8 expression. CONCLUSION: O-3 exposure increased IL-8 expression through Src-mediated EGFR transactivation in HBEC. C1 [Wu, Weidong] Xinxiang Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, Peoples R China. [Wu, Weidong; Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wages, Phillip A.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Devlin, Robert B.; Diaz-Sanchez, David; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Wu, WD (reprint author), Xinxiang Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 601 Jinsui St, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, Peoples R China. EM xxmu2013@gmail.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [81373030]; U.S. National Institutes of Health [U19AI077437]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR83346301]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma; Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 81373030), and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (grant U19AI077437).; Although the research described in this article was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, it has not been subjected to the agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 123 IS 3 BP 231 EP 236 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307379 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CE9MK UT WOS:000352167900013 PM 25303742 ER PT J AU Wang, H Zhu, Y Jang, C Lin, CJ Wang, SX Fu, JS Gao, J Deng, S Xie, JP Ding, D Qiu, XZ Long, SC AF Wang, Hua Zhu, Yun Jang, Carey Lin, Che-Jen Wang, Shuxiao Fu, Joshua S. Gao, Jian Deng, Shuang Xie, Junping Ding, Dian Qiu, Xuezhen Long, Shicheng TI Design and demonstration of a next-generation air quality attainment assessment system for PM2.5 and O-3 SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Air quality standards; Attainment test; Air pollution; GIS; Emission control ID IMPACTING MODEL PERFORMANCE; PARTICULATE MATTER; EMISSION CONTROL; VERSION 4.5; CHINA; OZONE; POLLUTANTS; CMAQ; POLLUTION; POLICY AB Due to the increasingly stringent standards, it is important to assess whether the proposed emission reduction will result in ambient concentrations that meet the standards. The Software for Model Attainment Test Community Edition (SMAT-CE) is developed for demonstrating attainment of air quality standards of O-3 and PM2.5. SMAT-CE improves computational efficiency and provides a number of advanced visualization and analytical functionalities on an integrated GIS platform. SMAT-CE incorporates historical measurements of air quality parameters and simulated air pollutant concentrations under a number of emission inventory scenarios to project the level of compliance to air quality standards in a targeted future year. An application case study of the software based on the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) shows that SMAT-CE is capable of demonstrating the air quality attainment of annual PM2.5 and 8-hour O-3 for a proposed emission control policy. (C) 2015 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. C1 [Wang, Hua; Zhu, Yun; Lin, Che-Jen; Xie, Junping; Ding, Dian; Qiu, Xuezhen; Long, Shicheng] S China Univ Technol, Guangzhou Higher Educ Mega Ctr, Coll Environm & Energy, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Atmospher Environm & Pollu, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yun; Wang, Shuxiao] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Environm Protect Key Lab Sources & Control, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Jang, Carey] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lin, Che-Jen] Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Fu, Joshua S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Gao, Jian; Deng, Shuang] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, Y (reprint author), S China Univ Technol, Guangzhou Higher Educ Mega Ctr, Coll Environm & Energy, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Atmospher Environm & Pollu, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM amy_wanghua@qq.com; zhuyun@scut.edu.cn RI wang, shuxiao/H-5990-2011; Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013 OI wang, shuxiao/0000-0001-9727-1963; Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [OR13810-001.04 A10-0223-S001-A04]; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control [2011A060901011]; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex [SCAPC201308]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB05030400] FX Financial support and data for this work are provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Subcontract Number OR13810-001.04 A10-0223-S001-A04). This work is also partly supported by the funding of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control (No. 2011A060901011), the funding of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex (No. SCAPC201308), and the project of Atmospheric Haze Collaborative Control System Design (No. XDB05030400) from Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 32 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0742 EI 1878-7320 J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA JI J. Environ. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 29 BP 178 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.jes.2014.08.023 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE9RO UT WOS:000352181300021 PM 25766027 ER PT J AU Casey, W Jacobs, A Maull, E Matheson, J Clarke, C Lowit, A AF Casey, Warren Jacobs, Abigail Maull, Elizabeth Matheson, Joanna Clarke, Carol Lowit, Anna TI A New Path Forward: The Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) and National Toxicology Program's Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB In 2000, the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) was congressionally established, with representatives from Federal regulatory and research agencies that require, use, generate, or disseminate toxicologic and safety testing information. For over 15 y, ICCVAM and the National Toxicology Program's Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM) have worked together to promote the development, validation, and regulatory acceptance of test methods that replace, reduce, or refine the use of animals in regulatory testing. In 2013, both NICEATM and ICCVAM underwent major changes to their operating paradigms, to increase the speed and efficiency of regulatory approval and industry adoption of 3Rs testing methods within the United States and internationally. Accordingly, increased emphasis has been placed on international activities, primarily through interaction with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and participation in the International Cooperation on Alternative Test Methods. In addition, ICCVAM has committed to increasing public awareness of and transparency about federal agencies' 3R activities and to fostering interactions with stakeholders. Finally, although it continues to support ICCVAM, NICEATM's work now includes validation support for Tox21, a collaboration aimed at identifying in vitro methods and computational approaches for testing chemicals to better understand and predict hazards to humans and the environment. The combination of more efficient operating paradigms, increased international collaboration, improved communication and interaction with stakeholders, and active participation in Tox21 likely will substantially increase the number of 3Rs methods developed and used in the United States and internationally. C1 [Casey, Warren; Maull, Elizabeth] NIEHS, NIH, DNTP, NICEATM, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Jacobs, Abigail] FDA, CDER, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Matheson, Joanna; Lowit, Anna] US Consumer Prod Safety Commiss, Bethesda, MD USA. [Clarke, Carol] USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Casey, W (reprint author), NIEHS, NIH, DNTP, NICEATM, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM warren.casey@nih.gov NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 54 IS 2 BP 170 EP 173 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CE8UJ UT WOS:000352119300008 PM 25836963 ER PT J AU Gross-Davis, CA Heavner, K Frank, AL Newschaffer, C Klotz, J Santella, RM Burstyn, I AF Gross-Davis, Carol Ann Heavner, Karyn Frank, Arthur L. Newschaffer, Craig Klotz, Judith Santella, Regina M. Burstyn, Igor TI The Role of Genotypes That Modify the Toxicity of Chemical Mutagens in the Risk for Myeloproliferative Neoplasms SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID POLYCYTHEMIA-VERA; ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; BLADDER-CANCER; JAK2; DISORDERS; POLYMORPHISMS; MORTALITY; MUTATION; DISEASES AB Background: The etiology of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) (polycythemia vera; essential thrombocythemia; primary myelofibrosis) is unknown, however they are associated with a somatic mutation-JAK2 V617F-suggesting a potential role for environmental mutagens. Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study in three rural Pennsylvania counties of persons born 1921-1968 and residing in the area between 2000-2008. Twenty seven MPN cases and 292 controls were recruited through random digit dialing. Subjects were genotyped and odds ratios estimated for a select set of polymorphisms in environmentally sensitive genes that might implicate specific environmental mutagens if found to be associated with a disease. Results: The presence of NAT2 slow acetylator genotype, and CYP1A2, GSTA1, and GSTM3 variants were associated with an average 3-5 fold increased risk. Conclusions: Exposures, such as to aromatic compounds, whose toxicity is modified by genotypes associated with outcome in our analysis may play a role in the environmental etiology of MPNs. C1 [Gross-Davis, Carol Ann] US EPA, Reg 3, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Gross-Davis, Carol Ann; Heavner, Karyn; Frank, Arthur L.; Klotz, Judith; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Newschaffer, Craig; Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Autism Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Santella, Regina M.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Serv, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Gross-Davis, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 3, 1650 Arch St, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM gross-davis.carolann@epa.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [EH09-006E]; Biomarkers Laboratory of Columbia's NIEHS Center; National Institute Environmental Health Services (NIEHS) [ES009089] FX This work would not have been possible without the assistance of the PV Partnership coordinated by the Grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and award though Grant: EH09-006E. We also wish to thank Elizabeth Irvin-Barnwell, Steve Dearwent, and Vince Seaman from the CDC/ATSDR for their guidance throughout the project. This work was also supported by the Biomarkers Laboratory of Columbia's NIEHS Center, Grant sponsor: National Institute Environmental Health Services (NIEHS), Grant: ES009089. Adam Lynch was invaluable to our team in every aspect of obtaining IRB approval and the data from the Cancer Registry, as well as development of the panel of environmentally sensitive genes. We also want to acknowledge the Geisinger Health System Survey Unit, and their IRB office for all their assistance in collecting data from the participants. We are greatly indebted to the assistance of the Pennsylvania Department of Health personnel, including: James N. Logue, David Marchetto, Michael Makowski, MPH, and the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. In addition, our study benefited from the opinions of our expert panel members organized by both the Pennsylvania Department of Health and University of Pittsburgh. The panels included Emmanuel Besa (Thomas Jefferson University), Samuel Lesko (the Northeast Regional Cancer Institute), Paul I. Roda (Geisinger Health System), Roy E. Smith (the University of Pittsburgh), and Donald Woytowitz (the University of Pittsburgh). We are also like to thank the members of the Community Action Committee, in particular Joe Murphy and Henry Cole for their support within the community. Thoughtful advice of Allison Evans and Palak Raval-Nelson is gratefully acknowledged (members of the dissertation committee of CAGD). NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD MAR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 3 BP 2465 EP 2485 DI 10.3390/ijerph120302465 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CE6EP UT WOS:000351929700009 PM 25719551 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Tarkhov, A Marusczyk, J Bienfait, B Gasteiger, J Kleinoeder, T Magdziarz, T Sacher, O Schwab, CH Schwoebel, J Terfloth, L Arvidson, K Richard, A Worth, A Rothman, J AF Yang, Chihae Tarkhov, Aleksey Marusczyk, Joerg Bienfait, Bruno Gasteiger, Johann Kleinoeder, Thomas Magdziarz, Tomasz Sacher, Oliver Schwab, Christof H. Schwoebel, Johannes Terfloth, Lothar Arvidson, Kirk Richard, Ann Worth, Andrew Rothman, James TI New Publicly Available Chemical Query Language, CSRML, To Support Chemotype Representations for Application to Data Mining and Modeling SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID LINE NOTATION SLN; PREDICTIVE MODELS; SCREENING DATA; SYSTEM; CARCINOGENICITY; TOXICITY; ALERTS; DESIGN; UPDATE AB In designing an Electronic Lab Notebook (ELN), there is a balance to be struck between keeping it as general and multidisciplinary as possible for simplicity of use and maintenance and introducing more domain-specific functionality to increase its appeal to target research areas. Here, we describe the results of a collaboration between the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) and the University of Southampton, guided by the aims of the Dial-a-Molecule Grand Challenge, intended to achieve the best of both worlds and augment a discipline-agnostic ELN, LabTrove, with chemistry-specific functionality and using data provided by the ChemSpider platform. This has been done using plug-in technology to ensure maximum transferability with minimal effort of the chemistry functionality to other ELNs and equally other subject-specific functionality to LabTrove. The resulting product, ChemTrove, has undergone a usability trial by selected academics, and the resulting feedback will guide the future development of the underlying ELN technology. C1 [Yang, Chihae; Tarkhov, Aleksey; Marusczyk, Joerg; Bienfait, Bruno; Gasteiger, Johann; Kleinoeder, Thomas; Magdziarz, Tomasz; Sacher, Oliver; Schwab, Christof H.; Schwoebel, Johannes; Terfloth, Lothar] Mol Networks GmbH, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany. [Yang, Chihae; Rothman, James] Altamira LLC, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. [Rothman, James] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yang, Chihae; Arvidson, Kirk] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Food Addit Safety FDA CFSAN OFAS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Richard, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Worth, Andrew] EC Joint Res Ctr JRC, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), Mol Networks GmbH, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany. EM chihae.yang@molecular-networks.com NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 EI 1549-960X J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 55 IS 3 BP 510 EP 528 DI 10.1021/ci500667v PG 19 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA CE2NS UT WOS:000351652900005 PM 25647539 ER PT J AU Wigand, C Smith, H Spears, C Keith, B McKinney, R Chintala, M Raposa, K AF Wigand, Cathleen Smith, Heather Spears, Cassius Keith, Brandon McKinney, Richard Chintala, Marnita Raposa, Kenneth TI Relationships of Modeled Nitrogen Loads with Marsh Fish in the Narragansett Bay Estuary, Rhode Island SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID ENGLAND SALT MARSHES; COASTAL WATERSHEDS; ISOTOPE SIGNATURES; STABLE-ISOTOPES; EUTROPHICATION; RECORD; INPUTS AB The human population and associated watershed development has risen steadily since the 1850s in Rhode Island. With these increases, human-derived wastewater has also risen dramatically, resulting in increasing nitrogen loads to estuarine systems. In this study, we examined relationships of modeled watershed nitrogen loads of 6 coastal subwatersheds of varying land development with the stable nitrogen isotope ratio (delta N-15) of salt marsh fish and larvae. There was a significant positive relationship (r= +0.97, P < 0.05) between the watershed modeled percent wastewater and delta N-15 in Fundulus heterochtus L. (Common Mummichog), and significantly higher (P < 0.05) delta N-15 in fish larvae collected from developed mainland marsh sites compared to less-developed island marsh sites. Our results support earlier published findings that fish in coastal marshes are assimilating nitrogen derived from watershed wastewater sources. Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship (P = 0.05) between the modeled percentage of human wastewater and mummichog size. The increasing loads of watershed nitrogen entering into coastal salt marshes are a concern because it is unclear how well salt marsh ecosystems can continue to assimilate high nitrogen inputs especially when also subjected to a warming climate. C1 [Wigand, Cathleen; Smith, Heather; Spears, Cassius; Keith, Brandon; McKinney, Richard; Chintala, Marnita] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Raposa, Kenneth] Narragansett Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Prudence Isl, RI 02872 USA. RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM Wigand.Cathleen@epa.gov FU EPA/University of Rhode Island Environmental Sciences Research and Training Opportunities Program (RTOP) [CT8 3045] FX Heather Smith, Cassius Spears, and Brandon Keith were sponsored through the EPA/University of Rhode Island Environmental Sciences Research and Training Opportunities Program (RTOP), a multi-institutional cooperative agreement (CT8 3045). During the summer of 2005, they conducted research with mentor scientists, Cathleen Wigand, Richard McKinney, and Marnita Chintala of the US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett Laboratory. Kenneth Raposa is the Research Coordinator at the Narragansett Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, where 2 of our sampling sites were located. Special thanks to Kim Anderson and Darryl Keith for coordinating RTOP and connecting the students with the EPA mentors. We are also grateful to the GIS expertise of Mike Charpentier in determining the land use for the watersheds described in this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the US EPA. This report, contribution number AED #07-056. has been technically reviewed by the US EPA's Office of Research and Development. National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 EI 1938-5307 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PD MAR PY 2015 VL 22 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1656/045.022.0101 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE1CZ UT WOS:000351550900002 ER PT J AU Godowitch, JM Gilliam, RC Roselle, SJ AF Godowitch, James M. Gilliam, Robert C. Roselle, Shawn J. TI Investigating the impact on modeled ozone concentrations using meteorological fields from WRF with an updated four-dimensional data assimilation approach SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Four-dimensional data assimilation; ozone model evaluation; horizontal transport; WRF; CMAQ ID AIR-QUALITY SIMULATIONS; HORIZONTAL TRANSPORT; PART I; SYSTEM; STATES AB The four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model has recently undergone an important update from the original version. Previous evaluation results have demonstrated that the updated FDDA approach in WRF provides more accurate wind fields aloft than the original approach, particularly during the nocturnal period when low level jets are a common feature in the Eastern United States. Due to the importance of WRF/FDDA meteorological fields in retrospective air quality applications, a modeling study with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was undertaken to ascertain if the improved wind flow fields translate into better performance for ozone. To undertake this objective, separate CMAQ model simulations were performed with meteorological inputs generated by WRF using the original and the updated FDDA approaches for a three month summer period. The evaluation effort focused on observed and modeled surface ozone from a mid-morning hour (10 local daylight time (LDT)). Comparisons of modeled results against concentrations aloft from an instrumented tall tower and from available morning vertical profile measurements were also examined. Surface concentrations near 10 LDT are desirable for evaluating the transport process since they are often representative of ozone that has been transported aloft overnight and has undergone downward entrainment in response to convective mixing the following morning. Statistical results from surface observed and modeled concentration pairs indicated modeled ozone from the CMAQ simulation using the updated FDDA meteorology displayed smaller biases and lower absolute errors at 88% and 80% of monitoring sites, respectively, in the Eastern United States. The CMAQ results with the updated FDDA generally exhibited smaller biases and lower absolute errors at monitoring sites across the northern states than in the southeastern states. The results provide evidence that the more accurate wind flows generated with the updated WRF/FDDA approach improved CMAQ model performance based on the statistical results from 10 LDT ozone concentrations. C1 [Godowitch, James M.; Gilliam, Robert C.; Roselle, Shawn J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Roselle, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Roselle.Shawn@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The advice and encouragement of ST Rao, our former division director, during the initial phase of this modeling study is gratefully appreciated. The authors extend their thanks to the University of Maryland RAMMPP program for allowing access to the aircraft data archive. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. Although it has been subjected to Agency review and clearance, it does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 6 IS 2 BP 305 EP 311 DI 10.5094/APR.2015.034 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE1AK UT WOS:000351543400014 ER PT J AU Wang, QQ Thomas, DJ Naranmandura, H AF Wang, Qian Qian Thomas, David J. Naranmandura, Hua TI Importance of Being Thiomethylated: Formation, Fate, and Effects of Methylated Thioarsenicals SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION-STATE METHYLTRANSFERASE; THIO-DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; VITRO TOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; IN-VITRO; DRINKING-WATER; MONOMETHYLARSONOUS ACID; ARSENIC METABOLITES; URINARY-EXCRETION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM AB Although inorganic arsenic has long been recognized as a potent toxicant and carcinogen in humans, recent evidence shows that at least some of its effects are mediated by methylated metabolites. Elucidating the conversion Of inorganic arsenic to mono-, di-, and trimethylated species has provided insights into the enzymology of this pathway and identified genetic and environmental factors that influence the susceptibility of individuals to this metalloid's adverse health effects. Notably, almost all work on the formation, fate, and effects of methylated arsenicals has focused on oxoarsenicals in which arsenic is bound to one or more oxygen atoms. However, thioarsenicals are a class of arsenicals in which a sulfur atom has replaced one or more oxygens that are bound to arsenic. Thioarsenicals have been identified as urinary metabolites in humans and other animals following exposure to inorganic arsenic. Studies find that methylated thioarsenicals exhibit kinetic behavior and toxicological properties that distinguish them from methylated oxoarsenicals. This perspective considers that formation, fate, and effects of methylated thioarsenicals with an emphasis on examining the linkages between the molecular processes that underlie both methylation and thiolation reactions. Integrating this information will provide a more comprehensive view of the relationship between the metabolism of arsenic and the risk posed by chronic exposure to this environmental contaminant. C1 [Wang, Qian Qian; Naranmandura, Hua] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Toxicol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Qian Qian; Naranmandura, Hua] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Naranmandura, H (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Toxicol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM narenman@zju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [81274138, 81473289]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [R2110231]; Zhejiang University K.P. Chao's High Technology Development Foundation [2013RC026]; Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of Medical Rookies FX We acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81274138 and 81473289), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. R2110231), Zhejiang University K.P. Chao's High Technology Development Foundation (2013RC026), and Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of Medical Rookies. NR 109 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 3 SI SI BP 281 EP 289 DI 10.1021/tx500464t PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA CD8DW UT WOS:000351326400002 PM 25531277 ER PT J AU McCrackin, ML Harrison, JA Compton, JE AF McCrackin, Michelle L. Harrison, John A. Compton, Jana E. TI Future Riverine Nitrogen Export to Coastal Regions in the United States: Prospects for Improving Water Quality SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SPATIALLY EXPLICIT; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; GLOBAL PATTERNS; MANAGEMENT; CYCLE; US; EFFICIENCY; FISHERIES; LINKAGES; FIXATION AB Nitrogen (N) fluxes generated by an increasing human population have the potential to increase coastal riverine N loading, with implications for areas already degraded by elevated nutrient loads. Here we examine contemporary (year 2005) and future (year 2030) loading of total dissolved N (TDN) in the continental United States using the Nutrient Export from WaterSheds model (NEWS2(US)-TDN). Model-derived TDN estimates compared well with measured export of 29 catchments that represent 65% of land surface area for the continental United States (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.83). Future output is based on scenarios that reflect future population growth and "business as usual" (BAU) and "ambitious" (AMB) approaches to nutrient management. Model-derived TDN export was 2.1 Tg N yr(-1) in 2005 and 2.2 and 1.6 Tg N yr(-1) in 2030 for the BAU and AMB scenarios, respectively. Depending on year and scenario, agriculture supplies 44 to 48% of coastal TDN, atmospheric N deposition supplies 14 to 17%, human sewage supplies 13 to 18%, and background sources supply 21 to 29%. The AMB scenario suggests that reducing nutrient loads to coastal areas will require aggressive actions, including a 25% improvement in agricultural nutrient use efficiency, a 20% reduction in N runoff from croplands, a 30% reduction in ammonia emissions from agriculture, and a 40% reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions from vehicles. Together, these aggressive actions could reduce year 2030 TDN export by 24% from 2005 levels, even with a 20% larger population. C1 [McCrackin, Michelle L.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [McCrackin, Michelle L.; Harrison, John A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP McCrackin, ML (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM michelle.mccrackin@vancouver.wsu.edu OI McCrackin, Michelle/0000-0002-8570-2831 FU NSF Research Coordination Network [DEB-1049744]; Soil Science Society of America; American Geophysical Union; International Plant Nutrition Institute; Fertilizer Institute; International Nitrogen Initiative; National Academies of Science Research Associateship Program; USEPA; UNESCO-IOC FX This work resulted from a conference supported by NSF Research Coordination Network award DEB-1049744 and by the Soil Science Society of America, the American Geophysical Union, The International Plant Nutrition Institute, The Fertilizer Institute, and the International Nitrogen Initiative. We thank Steve Jordan, Robert Ozretich, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that greatly improved this manuscript. The National Academies of Science Research Associateship Program, the USEPA, and UNESCO-IOC funded the work presented here. The Western Ecology Division of the USEPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory reviewed this manuscript and approved it for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency; nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 44 IS 2 BP 345 EP 355 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0081 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD6MU UT WOS:000351204000005 PM 26023954 ER PT J AU Yurista, PM Kelly, JR Cotter, AM Miller, SE Van Alstine, JD AF Yurista, Peder M. Kelly, John R. Cotter, Anne M. Miller, Samuel E. Van Alstine, Jon D. TI Lake Michigan: Nearshore variability and a nearshore-offshore distinction in water quality SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lake Michigan; Nearshore; Assessment; Towed instrument array; CTD; LOPC ID OPTICAL PLANKTON COUNTER; COASTAL BOUNDARY-LAYER; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA; SUPERIOR; ONTARIO; TRANSPORT; FLOW; PATTERNS AB We conducted a survey of the Lake Michigan nearshore using towed electronic instrumentation to collect data that were spatially highly resolved. The tow was 1049 km in length along the 20-m depth contour and was supplemented with grab samples at 15 sites (on average every 75 km). There was low frequency variability in the alongshore reach represented by macroscopic trends across large distance scales (over 100 s km) with local variability or high frequency changes at much smaller distances (5-10 km). We found that large scale spatial patterns in some water quality parameters were strongly correlated with adjacent landscape characterization. Landscape attributes most frequently retained in step-wise regression models for each water quality parameter were agricultural chemical factors, followed by shoreline modifications and point source attributes. Specific conductivity had the greatest amount of variability explained by landscape character (78%)with beam attenuation next (51%), and followed by chlorophyll and zooplankton (each similar to 30%). We combined our chemistry samples with data from the recent National Coastal Condition Assessment (2010 NCCA) and compared nearshore chemistry data with the Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) offshore fixed monitoring sites. There was a significant distinction in both mean values and variability between the nearshore (<30 m depth) and offshore waters. We also used historical data and found that the distinction between near shore and offshore waters has persisted and that the same long-term trends in parameter concentrations found in the offshore were also found in the near shore. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Yurista, Peder M.; Kelly, John R.; Cotter, Anne M.; Miller, Samuel E.; Van Alstine, Jon D.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Yurista, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM yurista.peder@epa.gov FU US EPA FX This work was funded entirely by the US EPA. We thank the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office for ship time on the R/V Lake Guardian. We would like to thank James Pauer and MaryAnn Starus for constructive comments on our manuscript. We also thank the associate editor Barry Lesht and two anonymous reviewers whose comments helped us to strengthen our presentation. We finally thank all of the NARS survey participants and the US EPA Office of Water for permission to use the NCCA water quality information. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 41 IS 1 BP 111 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.12.010 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE2NA UT WOS:000351651100011 ER PT J AU Feiner, ZS Bunnell, DB Hook, TO Madenjian, CP Warner, DM Collingsworth, PD AF Feiner, Zachary S. Bunnell, David B. Hoeoek, Tomas O. Madenjian, Charles P. Warner, David M. Collingsworth, Paris D. TI Non-stationary recruitment dynamics of rainbow smelt: The influence of environmental variables and variation in size structure and length-at-maturation SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Laurentian Great Lakes; Rainbow smelt; Recruitment; Maturation; Nonstationarity; Kalman filter ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; FISH STOCK-RECRUITMENT; OSMERUS-MORDAX; CHINOOK SALMON; MODEL SELECTION; CLASS STRENGTH; REGIME SHIFTS; KALMAN FILTER AB Fish stock-recruitment dynamics may be difficult to elucidate because of nonstationary relationships resulting from shifting environmental conditions and fluctuations in important vital rates such as individual growth or maturation. The Great Lakes have experienced environmental stressors that may have changed population demographics and stock-recruitment relationships while causing the declines of several prey fish species, including rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax). We investigated changes in the size and maturation of rainbow smelt in Lake Michigan and Lake Huron and recruitment dynamics of the Lake Michigan stock over the past four decades. Mean lengths and length-at-maturation of rainbow smelt generally declined over time in both lakes. To evaluate recruitment, we used both a Ricker model and a Kalman filter-random walk (KF-RW) model which incorporated nonstationarity in stock productivity by allowing the productivity term to vary over time. The KF-RW model explained nearly four times more variation in recruitment than the Ricker model, indicating the productivity of the Lake Michigan stock has increased. By accounting for this nonstationarity, we were able identify significant variations in stock productivity, evaluate its importance to rainbow smelt recruitment, and speculate on potential environmental causes for the shift. Our results suggest that investigating mechanisms driving nonstationary shifts in stock-recruit relationships can provide valuable insights into temporal variation in fish population dynamics. (c) 2014 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Feiner, Zachary S.; Hoeoek, Tomas O.; Collingsworth, Paris D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bunnell, David B.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Warner, David M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Hoeoek, Tomas O.; Collingsworth, Paris D.] Purdue Univ, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Collingsworth, Paris D.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Feiner, ZS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM zfeiner@purdue.edu OI Feiner, Zachary/0000-0001-7880-0778; Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747 NR 121 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 41 IS 1 BP 246 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.11.029 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE2NA UT WOS:000351651100025 ER PT J AU Shuster, WD Dadio, SD Burkman, CE Earl, SR Hall, SJ AF Shuster, William D. Dadio, Stephen D. Burkman, Caitlin E. Earl, Stevan R. Hall, Sharon J. TI Hydropedological Assessments of Parcel-Level Infiltration in an Arid Urban Ecosystem SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; EOLIAN DUST; DESERT; URBANIZATION; MANAGEMENT; HYDROLOGY; ARIZONA; SOILS AB Soil morphology and correspondent hydrologic data can contribute to qualifying and quantifying urban soil suitability and capacity to cycle stormwater runoff. We put particular emphasis on the possibility that residential parcels may manage their own stormwater on pervious yard areas. We assessed the morphology of Aridisol pedons (as deep cores to approximately the 3.6-m depth) via soil taxonomy, performed in situ measurements of infiltration, and measured subsoil hydraulic conductivity in two desert parks, four residential parcels, and three dual-purpose park-stormwater retention basins in the Phoenix, AZ, metropolitan area. Infiltration rates overall ranged between 0.4 and 1.7 cm h(-1). We used borehole hydraulic conductivity as a proxy for drainage, which ranged from a low of 0.0 to 13 cm h(-1). Representing a baseline, or set of "natural" hydrologic processes, native desert sites exhibited a relatively high capacity to infiltrate and redistribute rainfall, which, depending on storm intensity, may drain to washes or ephemeral streambeds via subsurface runoff. Simulations of stormwater runoff on residential parcels showed that when rooftop runoff is directed to pervious patches, rainfall is entirely infiltrated and redistributed, which predicts good potential for parcel-level stormwater management. Our observation of an accumulation of fine sediments in retention basin surface soils was corroborated with local observations that drawdown times in the retention basins had increased with time. Although further assessment is needed on a wider variety of semiarid landscapes, our results suggest a positive role for residential parcels in detaining stormwater on site and perhaps easing the wet-weather burden on centralized stormwater infrastructure in semiarid urban ecosystems. C1 [Shuster, William D.; Burkman, Caitlin E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Dadio, Stephen D.] Cedarville Engn Grp LLC, N Coventry, PA 19465 USA. [Earl, Stevan R.] Arizona State Univ, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Shuster, WD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 68 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shuster.william@epa.gov RI Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; OI Earl, Stevan/0000-0002-4465-452X FU National Science Foundation [BCS-1026865]; Research Participation Program at the USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory; USDOE; USEPA FX We thank Maricopa County Parks and Recreation for access to desert locations. This contribution and work of authors S.R. Earl and S.J. Hall for this manuscript is supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation under Grant no. BCS-1026865 (CAP LTER). Hannah Heavenrich, Russ Losco, and Donnie Vineyard provided valuable field assistance. This project was supported in part by an appointment (C.E. Burkman) to the Research Participation Program at the USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the USDOE and USEPA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 27 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 79 IS 2 BP 398 EP 406 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.05.0200 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JC UT WOS:000351640900005 ER PT J AU Sawvel, EJ Willis, R West, RR Casuccio, GS Norris, G Kumar, N Hammond, D Peters, TM AF Sawvel, Eric J. Willis, Robert West, Roger R. Casuccio, Gary S. Norris, Gary Kumar, Naresh Hammond, Davyda Peters, Thomas M. TI Passive sampling to capture the spatial variability of coarse particles by composition in Cleveland, OH SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PM10-2.5, particulate matter; Computer controlled scanning electron microscopy; Single particle analysis ID LOS-ANGELES AREA; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; AMBIENT PARTICULATE; URBAN AREA; PM10-2.5; AEROSOL; MASS AB Passive samplers deployed at 25 sites for three, week-long intervals were used to characterize spatial variability in the mass and composition of coarse particulate matter (PM10-2.5) in Cleveland, OH in summer 2008. The size and composition of individual particles determined using computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (CCSEM-EDS) was then used to estimate PM10-2.5 concentrations (mu g m(-3)) and its components in 13 particle classes. The highest PM10-2.5 mean mass concentrations were observed at three central industrial sites (35 mu g m(-3), 43 mu g m(-3), and 48 mu g m(-3)) whereas substantially lower mean concentrations were observed to the west and east of this area at suburban background sites (13 mu g m(-3) and 15 mu g m(-3)). PM10-2.5 mass and components associated with steel and cement production (Fe-oxide and Ca-rich) exhibited substantial heterogeneity with elevated concentrations observed in the river valley, stretching from Lake Erie south through the central industrial area and in the case of Fe-oxide to a suburban valley site. Other components (e.g., Si/Al-rich typical of crustal material) were considerably less heterogeneous. This work shows that some species of coarse particles are considerably more spatially heterogeneous than others in an urban area with a strong industrial core. It also demonstrates that passive sampling coupled with analysis by CCSEM-EDS is a useful tool to assess the spatial variability of particulate pollutants by composition. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license C1 [Sawvel, Eric J.; Peters, Thomas M.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Willis, Robert; Norris, Gary] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [West, Roger R.; Casuccio, Gary S.] RJ Lee Grp Inc, Monroeville, PA USA. [Kumar, Naresh] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Hammond, Davyda] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Peters, TM (reprint author), Univ Iowa, 145 N Riverside Dr,S331 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM thomas-m-peters@uiowa.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development [EP09D000463, EP11D000010] FX The authors thank the numerous support staff of EPA Region 5, Cleveland Department of Air Quality, and Alion Science and Technology that were involved in deployment and retrieval of passive samplers. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contracts EP09D000463 and EP11D000010 to the University of Iowa. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 105 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.030 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CD0QW UT WOS:000350780000009 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, UP AF Kodavanti, Urmila P. TI Air Pollution and Insulin Resistance: Do All Roads Lead to Rome? SO DIABETES LA English DT Editorial Material ID BROWN-NORWAY RATS; PARTICULATE MATTER; OZONE EXPOSURE; RESPONSES C1 US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD MAR PY 2015 VL 64 IS 3 BP 712 EP 714 DI 10.2337/db14-1682 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CC3GX UT WOS:000350235900012 PM 25713198 ER PT J AU Brown, CA Nelson, WG AF Brown, Cheryl A. Nelson, Walter G. TI A method to identify estuarine water quality exceedances associated with ocean conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Estuary; Water quality; Exceedance; Oregon; Dissolved oxygen ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CURRENT; HUMAN-INDUCED HYPOXIA; COASTAL OCEAN; WILLAPA BAY; OREGON; CHLOROPHYLL; NUTRIENT; PACIFIC; ECOSYSTEM; STRATIFICATION AB Wind-driven coastal upwelling along the Pacific Northwest Coast of the USA results in oceanic water that may be periodically entrained into adjacent estuaries and which possesses high nutrients and low dissolved oxygen (DO). Measurement of water quality indicators during these upwelling water entrainment events would represent extreme values for water quality thresholds derived from typical estuarine conditions. Tools are therefore needed to distinguish upwelled waters from other causes of exceedances of water quality thresholds within estuaries of the region. We present an example application of logistic regression models to predict the probability of exceedance of a water quality threshold, using DO data from the Yaquina estuary, Oregon, USA. Models including water temperature and salinity correctly classified exceedances of DO about 80 % of the time. Inclusion of in situ fluorescence in the logistic regression model for DO improved the model performance and reduced the rate of false positives. C1 [Brown, Cheryl A.; Nelson, Walter G.] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Brown, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Ctr Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM brown.cheryl@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 187 IS 3 AR 133 DI 10.1007/s10661-015-4347-3 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC9JA UT WOS:000350684300018 PM 25701470 ER PT J AU Darling, JA Piraino, S AF Darling, John A. Piraino, Stefano TI MOLTOOLS: a workshop on "Molecular tools for monitoring marine invasive species" SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Piraino, Stefano] Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare Co NIS Ma, I-00196 Rome, Italy. [Piraino, Stefano] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Biol & Ambientali DiSTe, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. RP Piraino, S (reprint author), Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare Co NIS Ma, Piazzale Flaminio 9, I-00196 Rome, Italy. EM stefano.piraino@unisalento.it RI Piraino, Stefano/J-5234-2012 OI Piraino, Stefano/0000-0002-8752-9390 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 3 SI SI BP 809 EP 813 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-0855-x PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC9GI UT WOS:000350675900001 ER PT J AU Darling, JA AF Darling, John A. TI Genetic studies of aquatic biological invasions: closing the gap between research and management SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Molecular Tools for Monitoring Marine Invasive Species CY SEP 12-14, 2012 CL Lecce, ITALY DE Aquatic invasive species; Genetics; eDNA; Marine; Management; Policy ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH; MARINE INVERTEBRATE; RANGE EXPANSION; CONSERVATION BIOLOGISTS; ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; SPECIES INVASIONS; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION; UNCERTAINTY AB Recent years have seen a dramatic rise in the application of genetic methods to understand aquatic biological invasions. In part these methods have been adopted to address fundamental questions in biogeography, evolutionary biology, population ecology, and other fields. But it is also commonly suggested that genetic information has the potential to directly inform the management of aquatic invasions. Here I explore the potential promise of genetic approaches for informing management of aquatic invasive species, the degree to which that promise has been realized in terms of utilization of genetic information by managers and other decision-makers, and the likely limitations to the value of genetic methods (both in principle and in practice) and ways in which these limitations might be overcome. I consider a range of possible applications of genetic tools for management, including molecular detection and identification of cryptic invaders, source tracking and reconstruction of invasion history, and inference of population demographics. Retrospective assessment of the utility of such applications is based on both literature review and solicitation of expert opinion, and suggests that a number of hurdles likely often prevent genetic information from effectively informing decision-making. These include (1) limitations or misunderstandings of the resolution and certainty afforded by genetic analysis; (2) failure to engage decision-makers in problem formulation, research design and research implementation; and (3) complex relationships between basic research and management actions. While some of the obstacles considered are rooted in theoretical and practical limitations of genetic analysis, others are clearly associated with poor communication and insufficient engagement of potential end-users of genetic information. I consider possible avenues for overcoming these obstacles and for improving the applicability of genetic information for supporting management decisions. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Darling, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM darling.john@epa.gov FU CONISMA; Italian National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Sciences; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) for the project VECTORS FX I would like to express my thanks to three anonymous reviewers for providing comments that substantially improved on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This paper is dedicated to Jim Carlton, who helped shape my thinking in writing it just as he helped shape the thinking of countless invasion biologists and conservationists over the past 50 years. The publication of this paper is supported by CONISMA, the Italian National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Sciences, which received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the project VECTORS (http://www.marine-vectors.eu). This paper stems from the International workshop MOLTOOLS (Molecular Tools for Monitoring Marine Invasive Species), held in Lecce, Italy, in September 2012. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. Though it has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication, its content does not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 101 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 80 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 3 SI SI BP 951 EP 971 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0726-x PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC9GI UT WOS:000350675900010 ER PT J AU Butcher, JB Nover, D Johnson, TE Clark, CM AF Butcher, Jonathan B. Nover, Daniel Johnson, Thomas E. Clark, Christopher M. TI Sensitivity of lake thermal and mixing dynamics to climate change SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATURE; PHYTOPLANKTON; SIMULATION; COMMUNITIES; PROFILES; SHALLOW; MODELS; IMPACT AB Warming-induced changes in lake thermal and mixing regimes present risks to water quality and ecosystem services provided by U.S. lakes and reservoirs. Modulation of responses by different physical and hydroclimatic settings are not well understood. We explore the potential effects of climate change on 27 lake "archetypes" representative of a range of lakes and reservoirs occurring throughout the U.S. Archetypes are based on different combinations of depth, surface area, and water clarity. LISSS, a one-dimensional dynamic thermal simulation model, is applied to assess lake response to multiple mid-21st century change scenarios applied to nine baseline climate series from different hydroclimatic regions of the U.S. Results show surface water temperature increases of about 77 % of increase in average air temperature change. Bottom temperature changes are less (around 30 %) for deep lakes and in regions that maintain mid-winter air temperatures below freezing. Significant decreases in length of ice cover are projected, and the extent and strength of stratification will increase throughout the U.S., with systematic differences associated with depth, surface area, and clarity. These projected responses suggest a range of future challenges that lake managers are likely to face. Changes in thermal and mixing dynamics suggest increased risk of summer hypoxic conditions and cyanobacterial blooms. Increased water temperatures above the summer thermocline could be a problem for cold water fisheries management in many lakes. Climate-induced changes in water balance and mass inputs of nutrients may further exacerbate the vulnerability of lakes to climate change. C1 [Butcher, Jonathan B.] Tetra Tech Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nover, Daniel; Johnson, Thomas E.; Clark, Christopher M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Butcher, JB (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, POB 14409, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jon.butcher@tetratech.com; dmnover@gmail.com; Johnson.Thomas@epa.gov; Clark.Christopher@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX We thank Dr. Zachary Subin (Princeton Environmental Institute) for generously sharing the LISSS model code. We also thank Dr. Victor Stepanenko (Lomonosov Moscow State University), Dr. Andrey Martynov (Universite du Quebec a Montreal), Dr. Annika Nordbo, Dr. Anne Ojala, and Dr. Jussi Huotari (University of Helsinki) for allowing use of their detailed lake energy flux datasets in verification of our implementation of the LISSS code. Dr. Seth McGinnis of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) processed the NARC CAP output into change statistics for use in the development of future climate scenarios. NCAR is supported by the National Science Foundation. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. The views expressed in this paper represent those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 12 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 2015 VL 129 IS 1-2 BP 295 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1326-1 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC4VP UT WOS:000350352800022 ER PT J AU Neumann, JE Emanuel, K Ravela, S Ludwig, L Kirshen, P Bosma, K Martinich, J AF Neumann, James E. Emanuel, Kerry Ravela, Sai Ludwig, Lindsay Kirshen, Paul Bosma, Kirk Martinich, Jeremy TI Joint effects of storm surge and sea-level rise on US Coasts: new economic estimates of impacts, adaptation, and benefits of mitigation policy SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Recent literature, the US Global Change Research Program's National Climate Assessment, and recent events, such as Hurricane Sandy, highlight the need to take better account of both storm surge and sea-level rise (SLR) in assessing coastal risks of climate change. This study combines three models-a tropical cyclone simulation model; a storm surge model; and a model for economic impact and adaptation-to estimate the joint effects of storm surge and SLR for the US coast through 2100. The model is tested using multiple SLR scenarios, including those incorporating estimates of dynamic ice-sheet melting, two global greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policy scenarios, and multiple general circulation model climate sensitivities. The results illustrate that a large area of coastal land and property is at risk of damage from storm surge today; that land area and economic value at risk expands over time as seas rise and as storms become more intense; that adaptation is a cost-effective response to this risk, but residual impacts remain after adaptation measures are in place; that incorporating site-specific episodic storm surge increases national damage estimates by a factor of two relative to SLR-only estimates, with greater impact on the East and Gulf coasts; and that mitigation of GHGs contributes to significant lessening of damages. For a mid-range climate-sensitivity scenario that incorporates dynamic ice sheet melting, the approach yields national estimates of the impacts of storm surge and SLR of $990 billion through 2100 (net of adaptation, cumulative undiscounted 2005$); GHG mitigation policy reduces the impacts of the mid-range climate-sensitivity estimates by $84 to $100 billion. C1 [Neumann, James E.; Ludwig, Lindsay] Ind Econ, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Emanuel, Kerry; Ravela, Sai] WindRiskTech LLC, Cambridge, MA USA. [Emanuel, Kerry; Ravela, Sai] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kirshen, Paul] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Bosma, Kirk] Woods Hole Grp, Falmouth, MA USA. [Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Neumann, JE (reprint author), Ind Econ, 2067 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. EM jneumann@indecon.com FU USEPA's Climate Change Division [EP-D-09-054, EP-BPA-12-H-0024] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the USEPA's Climate Change Division (Contracts EP-D-09-054 and EP-BPA-12-H-0024). The views expressed in this document do not necessarily represent those of the USEPA. In addition, we are grateful to Benjamin Strauss of Climate Central for providing historic storm data for selected West Coast sites. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 2015 VL 129 IS 1-2 BP 337 EP 349 DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1304-z PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC4VP UT WOS:000350352800025 ER PT J AU Felter, SP Daston, GP Euling, SY Piersma, AH Tassinari, MS AF Felter, Susan P. Daston, George P. Euling, Susan Y. Piersma, Aldert H. Tassinari, Melissa S. TI Assessment of health risks resulting from early-life exposures: Are current chemical toxicity testing protocols and risk assessment methods adequate? SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE children; development; infants; life stage; quantitative risk assessment; susceptibility; sensitivity; subpopulations; uncertainty factor; variability; vulnerability ID DEFAULT UNCERTAINTY FACTOR; DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; REFERENCE DOSE RFD; HUMAN VARIABILITY; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; PHARMACOKINETIC DIFFERENCES; REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; DIFFERENTIAL SENSITIVITY AB Over the last couple of decades, the awareness of the potential health impacts associated with early-life exposures has increased. Global regulatory approaches to chemical risk assessment are intended to be protective for the diverse human population including all life stages. However, questions persist as to whether the current testing approaches and risk assessment methodologies are adequately protective for infants and children. Here, we review physiological and developmental differences that may result in differential sensitivity associated with early-life exposures. It is clear that sensitivity to chemical exposures during early-life can be similar, higher, or lower than that of adults, and can change quickly within a short developmental time-frame. Moreover, age-related exposure differences provide an important consideration for overall susceptibility. Differential sensitivity associated with a life stage can reflect the toxicokinetic handling of a xenobiotic exposure, the toxicodynamic response, or both. Each of these is illustrated with chemical-specific examples. The adequacy of current testing protocols, proposed new tools, and risk assessment methods for systemic noncancer endpoints are reviewed in light of the potential for differential risk to infants and young children. C1 [Felter, Susan P.; Daston, George P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45217 USA. [Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Piersma, Aldert H.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Tassinari, Melissa S.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Washington, DC 20204 USA. RP Felter, SP (reprint author), Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45217 USA. EM felter.sp@pg.com FU RIVM FX The authors' affiliations are as shown on the cover page. Susan Felter and George Daston are employees of Procter & Gamble, a corporation producing and marketing many products used with infants and children. Aldert Piersma is affiliated to the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. RIVM is a government agency under the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports. RIVM has sponsored his contribution to the present piece of work. Susan Euling and Melissa Tassinari are employees of the US EPA and US FDA, respectively, which have regulatory authority related to a wide range of products/exposures that may impact the health of infants and children. This project was initiated by the Procter & Gamble scientists who asked the other authors to independently participate as professionals. The authors have sole responsibility for the writing and content of the article. The paper was reviewed internally at each author's home institution as is customary, however, those reviews did not influence the conclusions drawn nor the recommendations made by the authors. The design of the appraisal, the conduct of the appraisal, and the conclusions drawn in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or RIVM. NR 166 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 45 IS 3 BP 219 EP 244 DI 10.3109/10408444.2014.993919 PG 26 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CC7UZ UT WOS:000350575200003 PM 25687245 ER PT J AU Yuan, LL Pollard, AI AF Yuan, Lester L. Pollard, Amina I. TI Classifying Lakes to Quantify Relationships Between Epilimnetic Chlorophyll a and Hypoxia SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Lake; Hypoxia; Chlorophyll a; Stressor-response; Classification ID SEDIMENT OXYGEN-DEMAND; ORGANIC-CARBON; UNITED-STATES; MISSOURI RESERVOIRS; STRATIFIED LAKES; TROPHIC STATE; MODEL SEARCH; TEMPERATURE; WATER; PREDICTION AB Excess nutrient loading increases algal abundance which can cause hypoxia in many lakes and reservoirs. We used a divisive partitioning approach to analyze dissolved oxygen profile data collected across the continental United States to increase the precision of estimated relationships between chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations and the extent of hypoxia in the water column. Chl a concentrations predicted the extent of hypoxia most accurately in lakes that were stratified at the time of sampling with a maximum temperature gradient of at least 1.2 A degrees C/m. Lake elevation, Secchi depth, and lake geometry ratio further refined the specification of groups of lakes with different relationships between chl a and the extent of hypoxia. The statistical relationships between chl a and the extent of hypoxia that were estimated can be used directly for setting management thresholds for chl a in particular types of lakes. C1 [Yuan, Lester L.] US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pollard, Amina I.] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Yuan, LL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM yuan.lester@epa.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 55 IS 3 BP 578 EP 587 DI 10.1007/s00267-014-0412-x PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC5AI UT WOS:000350368300005 PM 25472832 ER PT J AU Sengupta, D Abraham, JP Ceja, M Gonzalez, MA Ingwersen, WW Ruiz-Mercado, GJ Smith, RL AF Sengupta, Debalina Abraham, John P. Ceja, Manuel Gonzalez, Michael A. Ingwersen, Wesley W. Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J. Smith, Raymond L. TI Industrial process system assessment: bridging process engineering and life cycle assessment through multiscale modeling SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Industrial process systems assessment (IPSA); Allocation; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Life cycle inventory analysis (LCI); Process engineering; Multiscale modeling ID ALLOCATION; INVENTORY; SUSTAINABILITY; CHALLENGES AB Conducting life cycle assessments (LCA) of complex multi-line, multi-product manufacturing facilities can be challenging. There is no standard method to assign or allocate resource use and environmental impacts to the individual products. The Industrial Process System Assessment method is presented to address this gap in current approaches for LCA allocation by making use of a multiscale model of process systems. Algorithms for the allocation procedure rectify process, ancillary, and non-process data from a facility such that inputs (e.g., raw materials) and outputs (e.g., emissions) can be assigned to a particular product from a particular line. The allocation approach demonstrates systematic multiscale process model development to avoid arbitrary allocation assumptions. This standardized method will enable LCA practitioners and process engineers to more clearly differentiate resource use and environmental impacts of co-products from complex facilities. The model could be further extended to provide product allocation based on individual unit operations when data are available. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sengupta, Debalina] Texas A&M Univ, Artie McFerrin Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Abraham, John P.; Gonzalez, Michael A.; Ingwersen, Wesley W.; Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J.; Smith, Raymond L.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ceja, Manuel] Procter & Gamble, Family Care, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Ingwersen, WW (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ingwersen.wesley@epa.gov OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X FU Dr. Sengupta's appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by Dr. Sengupta's appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. A collaboration research and development agreement between the US EPA and Procter & Gamble on Sustainable Supply Chain Design enabled this research project. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 90 BP 142 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.11.073 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC1EM UT WOS:000350084000016 ER PT J AU Shin, HH Jones, P Brook, R Bard, R Oliver, K Williams, R AF Shin, Hwashin Hyun Jones, Paul Brook, Robert Bard, Rob Oliver, Karen Williams, Ron TI Associations between personal exposures to VOCs and alterations in cardiovascular physiology: Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular; Exposure assessment; Volatile organic compounds; Principal component analysis; DEARS; Linear Mixed model ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; PARTICULATE MATTER; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; RESIDENTIAL INDOOR; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; AIR-POLLUTANTS; OUTDOOR AIR; COMPONENTS; LEVEL AB Background: An adult cohort consisting of 63 participants engaged in the US EPA's recent Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) and a University of Michigan cardiovascular sub-study conducted during summer and winter periods over 3 years between 2004 and 2007 (5 seasons in total). Through all participants' wearing of a monitoring vest, personal exposures to various air pollutants were measured. Purpose: The study objective was to identify the association between personal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and six cardiovascular health endpoints in an adult non-smoking cohort of the DEARS. Methods: Twenty five VOCs were collected using the DEARS exposure vest incorporating advanced passive diffusion tube. Six cardiovascular health endpoints including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), heart rate (HR), brachial artery diameter (BAD), brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated arterial dilatation (NMD) were collected by novel, in-home clinical examinations. To reduce the number of personal VOCs highly correlated to each other, a principal component analysis was conducted. Accounting for more individual variations in association between personal VOCs and cardiovascular health endpoints, a linear mixed model was employed, where cohort subjects were not necessarily to have the same linear association. Results: Applying the principal component analysis, 3 out of 12 components were retained, which appeared to involve a petroleum source (1st component), a 1-3 butadiene source (2nd component), and an ambient (Freon) source (3rd component). Petroleum related VOCs were associated with increases in FMD and showed mixed relationships with NMD (lag 0-1 day increased NMD, lag 2 days decreased NMD). Butadiene related VOCs decreased DBP but increased HR and BAD. Freon (ambient background) related VOCs increased HR. Conclusions: We observed mixed and variable results in this first study to evaluate the relationships between personal exposures to VOCs of different origin on cardiovascular physiology. In sum, the findings suggest that VOCs may have rapid impacts upon the human cardiovascular system; however, understanding the health implications and the mechanisms responsible is beyond the scope of this investigation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shin, Hwashin Hyun] Hlth Canada, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Shin, Hwashin Hyun] Queens Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Jones, Paul; Oliver, Karen; Williams, Ron] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brook, Robert; Bard, Rob] Univ Michigan, Div Cardiovasc Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Williams, R (reprint author), US EPA, MD E-205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM williams.ronald@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D-00-012, EP-D-04-068, 68-D-00-206, EP-05-D-065]; Electric Power Research Institute [EP-P15887/C7915] FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and conducted the research described here under contract 68-D-00-012 (RTI International), EP-D-04-068 (Battelle Columbus Laboratory), 68-D-00-206 and EP-05-D-065 (Alion Science and Technology). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study was also supported by the Electric Power Research Institute (Contract EP-P15887/C7915). Carry Croghan and Alan Vette (US EPA) assisted in exposure data tabulation. Herb Jacumin, Hunter Daughtrey, and Lydia Brouwer (Alion Science and Technology) are acknowledged for their assistance in VOC laboratory analyses. Charles Rodes and Jonathan Thornburg along with the field staff of RTI International were responsible for performing the field data collections involving the exposure measurements. The study was approved by Institutional Review Boards of the University of Michigan and RTI International as well as the Human Subjects Approving Official of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 104 BP 246 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.016 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC2QF UT WOS:000350189000025 ER PT J AU Ebersole, JL Wigington, PJ Leibowitz, SG Comeleo, RL Van Sickle, J AF Ebersole, Joseph L. Wigington, P. Jim, Jr. Leibowitz, Scott G. Comeleo, Randy L. Van Sickle, John TI Predicting the occurrence of cold-water patches at intermittent and ephemeral tributary confluences with warm rivers SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cold-water refugia; intermittent and ephemeral streams; significant nexus ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATION; HEADWATER STREAMS; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; THERMAL REFUGIA; RAINBOW-TROUT; BROWN TROUT; TEMPERATURE AB Cold water provided by small tributary streams can contribute to thermal heterogeneity in downstream receiving waters, thereby providing important thermal refuge habitat for cold-water aquatic taxa residing in warmer mainstem rivers. We investigated the potential function of small perennial and nonperennial tributary streams, including intermittent and ephemeral channels (some of which were dry) as sources of cold water to warmer receiving rivers. We used random forest analysis to model occurrence of cold-water patches at tributary confluences as a function of watershed and climatic characteristics and tested predictive performance with a 2-y data set of 68 tributary-mainstem confluence zones in northeastern Oregon, USA. Cold-water patches were present in 53% (36 of 68) of the tributary confluences. Of these, 14 occurred at tributaries that had no surface-water flow at the time of sampling. The likelihood of a tributary contributing a detectable source of cold water to a confluence zone during late July to early August was positively associated with an estimate of the water surplus available in the tributary basin at the end of the preceding wet season. Basin area and the presence of tributary surface flow at the time of sampling were relatively uninformative predictors of cold-water patch presence. Because surface flow was not evident in 39% of the tributaries where cold-water patches were observed, we conclude that the availability of thermal refugia for cold-water taxa, such as Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), in summer-warm streams is, in part, dependent upon the continued release of ground water from tributary basins during mid-summer, even after surface stream flow ceases. These findings highlight a potentially important ecological function of intermittent and ephemeral stream channels as sources of cold subsurface discharge to downstream waters during the dry season. C1 [Ebersole, Joseph L.; Wigington, P. Jim, Jr.; Leibowitz, Scott G.; Comeleo, Randy L.; Van Sickle, John] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Ebersole, JL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM ebersole.joe@epa.gov; pjwigington@gmail.com; leibowitz.scott@epa.gov; comeleo.randy@epa.gov; vansicklej@peak.org FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded entirely by the US Environmental Protection Agency. This manuscript has been subjected to Agency review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 80 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 20 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 1 BP 111 EP 124 DI 10.1086/678127 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CB9ZV UT WOS:000349995000010 ER PT J AU Qiao, CL Liu, LL Hu, SJ Compton, JE Greaver, TL Li, QL AF Qiao, Chunlian Liu, Lingli Hu, Shuijin Compton, Jana E. Greaver, Tara L. Li, Quanlin TI How inhibiting nitrification affects nitrogen cycle and reduces environmental impacts of anthropogenic nitrogen input SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cost-benefit analysis; ecosystem services; N2O emission; NH3 emission; nitrogen fertilizer; nitrogen leaching; nitrogen management; NO emission ID REACTIVE NITROGEN; METAANALYSIS; MITIGATION; EMISSIONS; CHINA; TECHNOLOGIES; FERTILIZER; EFFICIENCY; FLOWS; SOIL AB Anthropogenic activities, and in particular the use of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer, have doubled global annual reactive N inputs in the past 50-100years, causing deleterious effects on the environment through increased N leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions. Leaching and gaseous losses of N are greatly controlled by the net rate of microbial nitrification. Extensive experiments have been conducted to develop ways to inhibit this process through use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) in combination with fertilizers. Yet, no study has comprehensively assessed how inhibiting nitrification affects both hydrologic and gaseous losses of N and plant nitrogen use efficiency. We synthesized the results of 62 NI field studies and evaluated how NI application altered N cycle and ecosystem services in N-enriched systems. Our results showed that inhibiting nitrification by NI application increased NH3 emission (mean: 20%, 95% confidential interval: 33-67%), but reduced dissolved inorganic N leaching (-48%, -56% to -38%), N2O emission (-44%, -48% to -39%) and NO emission (-24%, -38% to -8%). This amounted to a net reduction of 16.5% in the total N release to the environment. Inhibiting nitrification also increased plant N recovery (58%, 34-93%) and productivity of grain (9%, 6-13%), straw (15%, 12-18%), vegetable (5%, 0-10%) and pasture hay (14%, 8-20%). The cost and benefit analysis showed that the economic benefit of reducing N's environmental impacts offsets the cost of NI application. Applying NI along with N fertilizer could bring additional revenues of $163ha(-1)yr(-1) for a maize farm, equivalent to 8.95% increase in revenues. Our findings showed that NIs could create a win-win scenario that reduces the negative impact of N leaching and greenhouse gas production, while increases the agricultural output. However, NI's potential negative impacts, such as increase in NH3 emission and the risk of NI contamination, should be fully considered before large-scale application. C1 [Qiao, Chunlian; Liu, Lingli] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Qiao, Chunlian] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Hu, Shuijin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Greaver, Tara L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27695 USA. [Li, Quanlin] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Liu, LL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, 20 Nanxincun, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. EM lingli.liu@ibcas.ac.cn RI Li, Quanlin/H-2358-2015; Liu, Lingli/A-7771-2008 OI Li, Quanlin/0000-0002-3876-0617; Liu, Lingli/0000-0002-5696-3151 FU Chinese National Key Development Program for Basic Research [2013CB956304, 2014CB954003]; National 1000 Young Talents Program FX This study was supported financially by Chinese National Key Development Program for Basic Research (2013CB956304, 2014CB954003) and National 1000 Young Talents Program. This work has been subjected to EPA review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 23 U2 148 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 21 IS 3 BP 1249 EP 1257 DI 10.1111/gcb.12802 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB8QS UT WOS:000349896400020 PM 25380547 ER PT J AU Shuster, WD Burkman, CE Grosshans, J Dadio, S Losco, R AF Shuster, W. D. Burkman, C. E. Grosshans, J. Dadio, S. Losco, R. TI Green Residential Demolitions: Case Study of Vacant Land Reuse in Storm Water Management in Cleveland SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Residential demolition; Fill soil; Storm water management; Green infrastructure; Infiltration; Project planning and design AB The demolition process impacts how vacant land might be reused for storm water management. For five residential demolition sites (Cleveland, Ohio), an enhanced green demolition process was observed in 2012, and soil physical and hydrologic characteristics were measured predemolition and postdemolition (including within the excavation). Measurements were taken again in 2013 after backfill and topsoil had settled for 1 year. In their predemolition condition, the sites were found to be underlain with sandy loam soils, with three of the parcels containing close to 100% impervious area. The subgrade excavated surface was compacted by excavator activity and had overall moderate permeability. This pilot feasibility study indicates that the green specifications suggested were partially successful in producing vacant lots that were useful for storm water management. Although coarser sandy loam soils were specified, the actual placement of fine-textured fill soils with lower permeability led to higher runoff potential. In each of the five demolitions, the specification for complete debris removal was apparently effective, with less measured buried debris than for traditional demolitions. Contractors need better guidance on soil selection and placement to yield vacant land that is flexible and usable for green infrastructure and other redevelopment options. This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. C1 [Shuster, W. D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Burkman, C. E.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Grosshans, J.] US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Dadio, S.] Ltd Liability Corp LLC, Cedarville Engn Grp, North Coventry, PA 19465 USA. [Dadio, S.; Losco, R.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Losco, R.] Lanchester Soil Consultants Inc, West Grove, PA 19390 USA. RP Shuster, WD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shuster.william@epa.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 31 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9364 EI 1943-7862 J9 J CONSTR ENG M JI J. Constr. Eng. Manage. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 141 IS 3 AR 06014011 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000890 PG 5 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA CB8NU UT WOS:000349887800001 ER PT J AU Green, L Fong, P AF Green, Lauri Fong, Peggy TI A small-scale test of the species-energy hypothesis in a southern California estuary SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diversity; Infauna; Macroalgae; Microphytobenthos; Productivity; Species-energy hypothesis ID PRODUCTIVITY-DIVERSITY RELATIONSHIPS; GREEN ALGAL MATS; SALT-MARSH; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; ENTEROMORPHA-INTESTINALIS; COMPLEX INTERACTIONS; COMMUNITY RESPONSES; MACROALGAL DETRITUS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; TEMPORAL-CHANGES AB Theoretical predictions of a direct positive association between productivity and diversity (P/D) have received considerable empirical support in marine systems, although this relationship tends to break down at smaller scales (<25 km). Another theory commonly advanced in terrestrial systems, the species-energy hypothesis (SEH), relates productivity (=energy) to diversity indirectly through an increase in population abundances, which then reduces the likelihood of localized extinction and therefore enhances richness. The SEH has been supported on both global and local scales but has not been experimentally tested in estuarine systems or at the scale of a patch. We tested whether the predictions of the SEH (increased abundance and diversity) or the P/D hypothesis (increased diversity, no predictions for abundance) described the relationship between macroalgal productivity and the abundance and diversity of infauna and site-attached epifauna (hereafter macrofauna) and the microphytobenthos (MPB) in an estuarine benthic community. We conducted a single-factor experiment comparing the effects over time of three treatments comprised of two levels of macroalgae as an added energy source and a plastic mimic as a control that provided structure and habitat but no energy. Contrary to predictions of both the SEH and the P/D hypothesis, there were no measurable differences in taxonomic richness among treatments. However, in partial support of the SEH, we found that total macrofaunal abundance was 50% higher in both macroalgal treatments compared to the mimic and these were largely comprised of detritivores such as spionid polychaetes and oligochaetes. Phaeopigments increased in macroalgal plots but not the mimic, suggesting that added productivity decomposed, supplying more food for detritivores. As this taxonomic group is present in all plots, although in differing abundances, increasing energy flow through this pathway did not enhance taxonomic richness. Macroalgae stimulated the MPB (measured as chl a) more than did the mimic, and elevated chl b in macroalgal treatments indicated the increase was due to sporeling green macroalgae. However, benthic diatoms and dinoflagellates (estimated from chl c) were not affected by treatment. Thus, we found that at the patch level, neither the SEH nor the P/D hypothesis predicted patterns of diversity for estuarine macrofauna; rather, in this system, increased productivity simply supported higher abundances within the same taxonomic groups that occurred at all productivity levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Green, Lauri; Fong, Peggy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Green, L (reprint author), US EPA, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM ruiz-green.lauri@epa.gov; pfong@biology.ucla.edu OI Green, Lauri/0000-0001-9179-1749 FU Vavra Research; UCLA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Funds FX We acknowledge the lives of the organisms that were lost during the course of this research. We thank the US Navy for use of the Mugu Lagoon study site and Martin Ruane at the Naval Base Ventura County for his help and support on this project. Maria Lopez was instrumental in her tireless efforts in the processing of macrofaunal samples. We also thank Christina Phung for analyzing sediment chlorophyll samples and assisting in the field. Field support was contributed by Sarah Bryson, Sarah Hogan, Tonya Kane, Cameron Pospisi, and Claudia Ruiz-Green. This manuscript was improved due to the helpful comments of Richard Ambrose, Daniel Blumstein, Rachel Kennison, and two helpful reviewers. Financial support came from the Vavra Research and UCLA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Funds awarded to L Green. [ST] NR 97 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 464 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.12.012 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CB6IK UT WOS:000349730500005 ER PT J AU Kaldy, JE Shafer, DJ Magoun, AD AF Kaldy, James E. Shafer, Deborah J. Magoun, A. Dale TI Duration of temperature exposure controls growth of Zostera japonica: Implications for zonation and colonization SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Introduced seagrass; Pulsed temperature; Zonation control; Zostera japonica ID MARINA L.; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; HALODULE-WRIGHTII; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SEAGRASS; BAY; WASHINGTON; SEEDLINGS; DYNAMICS AB At least two seagrass congeners in the genus Zostera are found along the Pacific Coast of North America: native Zostera marina L and the non-native Zostera japonica Aschers. & Graebn. Efforts to understand the drivers behind the expanding colonization of Z. japonica have led to interest in the biology and ecology of this species. In most locations where they co-occur, these species exhibit a disjunct vertical zonation. We experimentally consider the influence of pulsed temperature effects on Z. japonica growth as a driver of vertical zonation. In mesocosm tanks seagrass planting units were cycled from ambient to treatment temperatures (8, 20, 32 degrees C) of variable duration (2, 6, 12, 24 h) each day for 10 d and then growth was assessed. Leaf elongation and growth rates exhibited strong, statistically significant relationships with increasing duration of exposure to 20 degrees C. Plants exposed to continuous 20 degrees C temperatures grew 2.5 times faster than plants exposed to 20 degrees C for 2 h. Likewise, plants exposed to continuous 8 degrees C temperatures grew 2.5 times slower than plants at 8 degrees C for 2 h. Plants exposed to 32 degrees C maintained fairly constant growth and elongation rates regardless of the duration of exposure. Field data indicate that Z. japonica and Z. marina experience different thermal regimes in the same estuary. We suggest that intertidal zonation patterns of Z. japonica in North America are predominantly driven by seagrass temperature responses; increased duration of exposure to cold water temperatures appears to limit expansion of the Z. japonica bed lower boundary to the mid-intertidal. Additionally, we recognize characteristics that may be useful to identifying systems susceptible to colonization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kaldy, James E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Shafer, Deborah J.] US Army Corps Engn, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Magoun, A. Dale] Appl Res & Anal Inc, Tallulah, LA 71284 USA. RP Kaldy, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM kaldy.jim@epa.gov NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 464 BP 68 EP 74 PG 7 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CB6IK UT WOS:000349730500009 ER PT J AU Hubeny, JB McCarthy, FMG Lewis, J Drljepan, M Morissette, C King, JW Cantwell, M Hudson, NM Crispo, ML AF Hubeny, J. Bradford McCarthy, Francine M. G. Lewis, Jonathan Drljepan, Matea Morissette, Cameron King, John W. Cantwell, Mark Hudson, Nicole M. Crispo, Mary Lynne TI The paleohydrology of Sluice Pond, NE Massachusetts, and its regional significance SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Northeastern North America; Climate; Lake level; Quaternary; Paleoclimate; Stable isotope ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-RICH SEDIMENTS; SOUTHERN NEW-ENGLAND; HOLOCENE LAKE-LEVEL; TSUGA-CANADENSIS; NEW-YORK; SOUTHEASTERN MASSACHUSETTS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS AB Seismic, pollen, stable isotope and lithologic stratigraphies of Sluice Pond, northeastern Massachusetts, were investigated to reconstruct local climate conditions from the latest Pleistocene to present. We present a new lake-level curve, constrained largely by acoustic reflectors and well-dated sediment cores from the deep basin and margin of the lake. Bulk delta S-34 data from the basin core provide valuable information regarding anoxia and water-column stratification. The lake-level history is corroborated with pollen-based, transfer-function-derived reconstructions of temperature and precipitation from the basin core. The lower stratigraphy reveals a time of cold/dry climate from ca. 11.7-8.2 ka BP (1 ka = 1,000 cal yr), with a minor lake-level increase centered at ca. 11.0 ka BP. An increase in regional temperature/moisture is apparent in sediments younger than 8.2 ka BP. A warm/dry climate is reconstructed from ca. 5.1-3.5 ka BP, concomitant with the well-established regional Tsuga (eastern hemlock) minimum. Sediments deposited since 3.5 ka BP reveal a general deepening of the pond and organic-rich conditions, with another minor dry episode from ca. 2.0-1.3 ka BP. Uppermost sediments record anthropogenic disturbance. The hydroclimate variability inferred from the Sluice Pond sediment record is consistent with previous reconstructions of lake level and vegetation in the southern portion of the northeastern US. It is not, however, consistent with reconstructions from locations farther north, many of which possess evidence of a dry period ca. 9.0-5.0 ka BP. The likely explanation for this discrepancy lies in air mass distribution associated with the position and amplitude of the circumpolar vortex throughout the Holocene. This new record of Holocene regional hydroclimate variability adds to the spatial coverage of existing reconstructions, and helps constrain forcings associated with such variability. C1 [Hubeny, J. Bradford; Lewis, Jonathan; Morissette, Cameron; Hudson, Nicole M.; Crispo, Mary Lynne] Salem State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Salem, MA 01970 USA. [McCarthy, Francine M. G.; Drljepan, Matea] Brock Univ, Dept Earth Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. [King, John W.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Cantwell, Mark] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Hubeny, JB (reprint author), Salem State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 352 Lafayette St, Salem, MA 01970 USA. EM bhubeny@salemstate.edu FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund [PRF49438-UNI8]; NSF [EAR 1126128]; Salem State University (SSU) Research Advisory Committee; SSU Academic Affairs Office, SSU College of Arts and Sciences Dean's Office; Sluice Pond Association FX We thank the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research (PRF49438-UNI8). Additional funding was secured through NSF (EAR 1126128) and the Salem State University (SSU) Research Advisory Committee. JBH acknowledges support from the SSU Academic Affairs Office, SSU College of Arts and Sciences Dean's Office, the Sluice Pond Association, J Sorenson (USGS), D Cares, M Delea, D Sutherland, KCH, JCH, and LTH. FMGM acknowledges the support of NSERC and the assistance of M Lozon with drafting, and the laboratory assistance of A Krueger and R Zanatta, Brock University. We thank M Brenner, O Heiri, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions that improved the final contribution. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2728 EI 1573-0417 J9 J PALEOLIMNOL JI J. Paleolimn. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 3 BP 271 EP 287 DI 10.1007/s10933-015-9824-8 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CB9SA UT WOS:000349971500002 ER PT J AU Saylor, R Myles, L Sibble, D Caldwell, J Xing, J AF Saylor, Rick Myles, LaToya Sibble, Daryl Caldwell, Jason Xing, Jia TI Recent trends in gas-phase ammonia and PM2.5 ammonium in the Southeast United States SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION; PARTICULATE MATTER MASS; ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; REACTIVE NITROGEN; CHARACTERIZATION SEARCH; AIR-POLLUTION; TRACE GASES; EMISSIONS; FINE AB Ammonia measurements from the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) study network were analyzed for trends over 9 yr (2004-2012) of observations. Total ammonia concentrations, defined as the sum of gas-phase ammonia and fine particle ammonium, were found to be decreasing by 1-4% yr(-1) and were qualitatively consistent with ammonia emission estimates for the SEARCH states of Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Florida. On the other hand, gas-phase ammonia mixing ratios were found to be slightly rising or steady over the region, leading to the observation that the gas-phase fraction of total ammonia has steadily increased over 2004-2012 as a result of declining emissions of the strong acid precursor species sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and consequent reduced partitioning of ammonia to the fine particle phase. Because gas-phase ammonia is removed from the atmosphere more rapidly than fine particle ammonium, an increase in the gas-phase fraction of total ammonia may result in shifted deposition patterns as more ammonia is deposited closer to sources rather than transported downwind in fine particles. Additional long-term measurements and modeling studies are needed to determine if similar transitions of total ammonia to the gas phase are occurring outside of the Southeast and to assess if these changes are impacting plants and ecosystems near major ammonia sources. Unusually high ammonia concentrations observed in 2007 in the SEARCH measurements are hypothesized to be linked to emissions from wildfires that were much more prevalent across the Southeast during that year due to elevated temperatures and widespread drought. Although wildfires are currently estimated to be a relatively small fraction (3-10%) of total ammonia emissions in the Southeast, the projected increased incidence of wildfires in this region as a result of global climate change may lead to this source's increased importance over the rest of the 21st century.Implications:Ammonia concentrations from the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization study (SEARCH) network are analyzed over the 9-yr period 2004-2012. Total ammonia (gaseous ammonia + PM2.5 ammonium) concentrations declined at a rate of 1-4% yr(-1), consistent with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emission estimates for the Southeast United States, but the fraction of ammonia in the gas phase has risen steadily (+1-3% yr(-1)) over the time period. Declining emissions of SO2 and NOx resulting from imposed air quality regulations have resulted in decreased atmospheric strong acids and less ammonia partitioning to the particle phase, which may impact the amount and overall pattern of ammonia deposition. C1 [Saylor, Rick; Myles, LaToya; Sibble, Daryl; Caldwell, Jason] NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Air Resources Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Sibble, Daryl; Caldwell, Jason] Florida A&M Univ, NOAA, Environm Cooperat Sci Ctr, Sch Environm, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [Xing, Jia] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Saylor, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Air Resources Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM rick.saylor@noaa.gov RI Myles, LaToya/Q-2470-2015 FU U.S. Weather Research Program within the NOAA/OAR Office of Weather and Air Quality FX One of the authors (R.S.) received support from the U.S. Weather Research Program within the NOAA/OAR Office of Weather and Air Quality in the performance of this work. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 78 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 65 IS 3 BP 347 EP 357 DI 10.1080/10962247.2014.992554 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC1XN UT WOS:000350138800012 PM 25947130 ER PT J AU Howard, JL Shuster, WD AF Howard, Jeffrey L. Shuster, William D. TI Experimental Order 1 soil survey of vacant urban land, Detroit, Michigan, USA SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Anthropogenic soil; Urban land; Demolition site; Artificial fill ID DEMOLITION AB An Order 1 soil survey was made of a vacant lot <0.1 ha in size using a square grid with a two meter spacing (n = 90 points) to test the hypothesis that there is a mappable pattern of anthropogenic polypedons against the alternative that the distribution is random. The vacant lot was formed circa 1998 by demolition of a wood-frame home from the 1920s in an urban residential setting in Detroit, Michigan. The anthropogenic soils studied were formed on a 0-2% slope under grass vegetation from artificial fill comprised of a mixture of poorly drained native soil materials, glacial sediments and artifacts (objects of anthropogenic origin), mainly waste building materials. The results suggest that anthropogenic soils on vacant urban land are mappable, even at the scale of a single vacant lot. The soils approximated an anthrosequence, i.e. a genetically related group of profiles whose characteristics differ mainly as a result of anthropogenic activity. The anthrosequence is comprised of soil phases whose range of characteristics can be used to define anthropogenic taxa, or to characterize the map unit composition of native soil-urban land complexes found on vacant property produced by building demolition. The results also suggest that, in the absence of historic records, demolition site history can be reconstructed from the spatial distribution of artifacts and soil types. More Order 1 surveys are needed to define the characteristics of anthrosequences in other urban settings and involving different soil orders, and to develop predictive urban soil-landscape models needed to provide better interpretive information for users of urban soil survey maps. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Howard, Jeffrey L.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Shuster, William D.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Howard, JL (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM jhoward@wayne.edu OI Howard, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8841-7182 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Geological Survey grant [G12AC20181] FX Thanks to the many Wayne State University students who assisted in the field, particularly Brendan O'Leary and EDMAP student Ryan Schoch. Special thanks to Joe Calus and Eric Gano (NRCS), Steven Dadio, Russ Losco, and Dilip Patel (Demolitions, City of Detroit). Partial funding by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Shuster) and U.S. Geological Survey grant G12AC20181 (Howard) is gratefully acknowledged. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 EI 1872-6887 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD MAR PY 2015 VL 126 BP 220 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2014.11.019 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA CA5OC UT WOS:000348956700025 ER PT J AU Wood, A Blackhurst, M Hawkins, T Xue, XB Ashbolt, N Garland, J AF Wood, Alison Blackhurst, Michael Hawkins, Troy Xue, Xiaobo Ashbolt, Nicholas Garland, Jay TI Cost-effectiveness of nitrogen mitigation by alternative household wastewater management technologies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Household wastewater; Nitrogen; Compost toilet; Diversion toilet; Advanced septic; Blacicwater digestion; Cost-effectiveness ID FINANCIALLY SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT; SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL; ANAEROBIC MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS; COLLECTION INFRASTRUCTURE; EUTROPHICATION; PHOSPHORUS; STRATEGIES; PATHOGEN; QUALITY; SEWERS AB Household wastewater, especially from conventional septic systems, is a major contributor to nitrogen pollution. Alternative household wastewater management technologies provide similar sewerage management services but their life cycle costs and nitrogen flow implications remain uncertain. This paper addresses two key questions: (1) what are the total costs, nitrogen mitigation potential, and cost-effectiveness of a range of conventional and alternative municipal wastewater treatment technologies, and (2) what uncertainties influence these outcomes and how can we improve our understanding of these technologies? We estimate a household nitrogen mass balance for various household wastewater treatment systems and combine this mass balance with life cycle cost assessment to calculate the cost-effectiveness of nitrogen mitigation, which we define as nitrogen removed from the local watershed. We apply our methods to Falmouth, MA, where failing septic systems have caused heightened eutrophication in local receiving water bodies. We find that flushing and dry (composting) urine-diversion toilets paired with conventional septic systems for greywater management demonstrate the lowest life cycle cost and highest cost-effectiveness (dollars per kilogram of nitrogen removed from the watershed). Composting toilets are also attractive options in some cases, particularly best-case nitrogen mitigation. Innovative/advanced septic systems designed for high-level nitrogen removal are cost-competitive options for newly constructed homes, except at their most expensive. A centralized wastewater treatment plant is the most expensive and least cost-effective option in all cases. Using a greywater recycling system with any treatment technology increases the cost without adding any nitrogen removal benefits. Sensitivity analysis shows that these results are robust considering a range of cases and uncertainties. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wood, Alison] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Blackhurst, Michael] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Hawkins, Troy; Xue, Xiaobo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Garland, Jay] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wood, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, 301 E Dean Keeton St C8600, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM alisonwood@gmail.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Network for Environmental Management Studies Fellowship Program [U-91755801-0] FX The authors would like to thank the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Network for Environmental Management Studies Fellowship Program (Grant no. U-91755801-0) for funding the work of the lead author. The authors would also like to thank Jennifer Cashdollar, Mary Schoen, Christine Costello, and Katherine jashinki for their support in preparing this work, and all the individuals who provided information, including Hilde Maingay, Gerald Potamis, P.E., Abraham Noe-Hays, Atara Jaffe, Marilyn Ten-Brink, Christopher Wood, and many others. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 58 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 150 BP 344 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.10.002 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB3BX UT WOS:000349504300036 PM 25575282 ER PT J AU Wathen, JB Lazorchak, JM Olsen, AR Batt, A AF Wathen, John B. Lazorchak, James M. Olsen, Anthony R. Batt, Angela TI A national statistical survey assessment of mercury concentrations in fillets of fish collected in the US EPA national rivers and streams assessment of the continental USA SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE National rivers; Mercury (Hg); Human fish consumption; Wildlife fish consumption ID UNITED-STATES; CONTAMINATION; EXPOSURE; LAKES AB The U.S. EPA conducted a national statistical survey of fish fillet tissue with a sample size of 541 sites on boatable rivers =>5th order in 2008-2009. This is the first such study of mercury (Hg) in fish tissue from river sites focused on potential impacts to human health from fish consumption to also address wildlife impacts. Sample sites were identified as being urban or non-urban. All sample mercury concentrations were above the 3.33 ug kg(-1) (ppb) quantitation limit, and an estimated 25.4% (+/- 4.4%) of the 51 663 river miles assessed exceeded the U.S. EPA 300 ug kg(-1) fish-tissue based water quality criterion for mercury, representing 13 144 +/- 181.8 river miles. Estimates of river miles exceeding comparable aquatic life thresholds (translated from fillet concentrations to whole fish equivalents) in avian species were similar to the number of river miles exceeding the human health threshold, whereas some mammalian species were more at risk than human from lower mercury concentrations. A comparison of means from the non-urban and urban data and among three ecoregions did not indicate a statistically significant difference in fish tissue Hg concentrations at p < 0.05. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wathen, John B.] US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.; Batt, Angela] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, ORD Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Wathen, JB (reprint author), US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave,NW MC4305T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM wathen.john@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU U.S. EPA budget FX This study was funded within the U.S. EPA budget with public funds. The results reported here are the products of the combined efforts of many in addition to the authors. Prominent among these efforts is the sample collection supported by federal (USGS) and (many) state agency sampling teams. Within EPA, non-authors who provided significant contributions include Ellen Tarquinio and Sarah Lehmann who managed the overall NRSA project, Leanne Stahl was the overall technical lead for the fish tissue indicator, and the project would not have been possible without the contributions of many other EPA staff. Blaine Snyder of Tetratech and Harry McCarty of CSC played significant roles in project management and data processing and validation. Sample extraction and analysis was performed by jayme Webb-Turbeville, Tracy Webb-Terbeville, and Ervin Obryan of Dynamac Corp. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2015 VL 122 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.005 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA5MK UT WOS:000348952300008 PM 25434269 ER PT J AU Jackson, AK Evers, DC Adams, EM Cristol, DA Eagles-Smith, C Edmonds, ST Gray, CE Hoskins, B Lane, OP Sauer, A Tear, T AF Jackson, Allyson K. Evers, David C. Adams, Evan M. Cristol, Daniel A. Eagles-Smith, Collin Edmonds, Samuel T. Gray, Carrie E. Hoskins, Bart Lane, Oksana P. Sauer, Amy Tear, Timothy TI Songbirds as sentinels of mercury in terrestrial habitats of eastern North America SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bioaccumulation; Mercury; Passeriformes; Sentinel; Songbird ID SPARROWS AMMODRAMUS-NELSONI; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR; METAL CONTAMINATION; MARSH SPARROWS; TREE SWALLOWS; FOOD WEBS; EXPOSURE; BIRDS AB Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed environmental contaminant with a variety of deleterious effects in fish, wildlife, and humans. Breeding songbirds may be useful sentinels for Hg across diverse habitats because they can be effectively sampled, have well-defined and small territories, and can integrate pollutant exposure over time and space. We analyzed blood total Hg concentrations from 8,446 individuals of 102 species of songbirds, sampled on their breeding territories across 161 sites in eastern North America [geometric mean Hg concentration = 0.25 mu g/g wet weight (ww), range <0.01-14.60 mu g/g ww]. Our records span an important time period-the decade leading up to implementation of the USEPA Mercury and Air Toxics Standards, which will reduce Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants by over 90 %. Mixed-effects modeling indicated that habitat, foraging guild, and age were important predictors of blood Hg concentrations across species and sites. Blood Hg concentrations in adult invertebrate-eating songbirds were consistently higher in wetland habitats (freshwater or estuarine) than upland forests. Generally, adults exhibited higher blood Hg concentrations than juveniles within each habitat type. We used model results to examine species-specific differences in blood Hg concentrations during this time period, identifying potential Hg sentinels in each region and habitat type. Our results present the most comprehensive assessment of blood Hg concentrations in eastern songbirds to date, and thereby provide a valuable framework for designing and evaluating risk assessment schemes using sentinel songbird species in the time after implementation of the new atmospheric Hg standards. C1 [Jackson, Allyson K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jackson, Allyson K.; Evers, David C.; Adams, Evan M.; Edmonds, Samuel T.; Gray, Carrie E.; Lane, Oksana P.; Sauer, Amy] Biodivers Res Inst, Portland, ME 04103 USA. [Cristol, Daniel A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Eagles-Smith, Collin] Forest & Rangeland Ecosystem Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Edmonds, Samuel T.] TRC Companies Inc, Augusta, ME 04330 USA. [Hoskins, Bart] US EPA, New England Reg Lab, Chelmsford, MA 01863 USA. RP Jackson, AK (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM allyson.jackson@oregonstate.edu OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285 FU Nature Conservancy (TNC) Rodney Johnson and Katherine Ordway Stewardship Endowment; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); National Parks Service (NPS); Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS); U.S. Geological Survey; NYSERDA; USFWS FX Funding and in kind support for this synthesis project came from a variety of sources including The Nature Conservancy (TNC) Rodney Johnson and Katherine Ordway Stewardship Endowment, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), National Parks Service (NPS), and the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the U.S. Geological Survey. Special thanks to those people who helped secure funding, including Greg Lampman at NYSERDA, and Ken Karwowski, Ann Secord, Anne Condon and John Schmerfeld at USFWS. Many researchers contributed data or logistical support for this project, including: David Braun (Sound Science), Chris Rimmer and Kent McFarland (Vermont Center for Ecostudies), Greg Shriver (University of Delaware), Jeff Loukmas (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation), Chad Seewagen (WCS), Bill DeLuca, Bill Schuster (Black Rock Forest), Bob Mulvihill (Powdermill Avian Research Center), Mike Fowles (Army Corp of Engineers), Tom LeBlanc (Allegany State Park), Bruce Connery (Acadia National Park), Dr. Mark Ford (Fernow Experimental Forest), and Henry Caldwell (Dome Island). We are indebted to those that provided site access, including staff at Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Rachel Carson NWR, Wertheim NWR, Parker River NWR, Ninigret NWR, McKinney NWR, Great Meadows NWR, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Tonawanda Wildlife Management Area, Marine Nature Study Area and the town of Hempstead, NY, and everyone at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. R.L. Brasso and A. Condon helped revise a previous draft of this manuscript. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD MAR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 453 EP 467 DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1394-4 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CB0RI UT WOS:000349334000020 PM 25492585 ER PT J AU Weilhoefer, CL Nelson, WG Clinton, P AF Weilhoefer, Christine L. Nelson, Walter G. Clinton, Patrick TI Tidal Channel Diatom Assemblages Reflect within Wetland Environmental Conditions and Land Use at Multiple Scales SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Diatom; Land use; Salinity; Species diversity; Tidal creek; Wetlands ID CAROLINA COASTAL ESTUARIES; SALT-MARSH SEDIMENTS; MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES; REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION; MICROALGAL COMMUNITY; NITROGEN ENRICHMENT; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; BENTHIC DIATOMS; OREGON USA; WATER AB We characterized regional patterns of the tidal channel benthic diatom community and examined the relative importance of local wetland and surrounding landscape level factors measured at multiple scales in structuring this assemblage. Surrounding land cover was characterized at the 100, 250, 1,000 m, and watershed buffer scales. Tidal channel benthic diatom communities were characterized by high species richness, abundance of rare species, and an abundance of species characterized as meso-eutraphentic and eutraphentic. The number of species per site ranged between 21 and 60 (mean +/- standard deviation 43.5 +/- 9.4). Abundant and frequently occurring taxa included Planothidium delicatulum, Navicula gregaria, and Amphora coffeaeformis. The tidal channel benthic diatom community was most strongly correlated with variables related to human disturbance at all scales surrounding the wetland and not with any tidal channel water quality parameter, including salinity. Furthermore, developed and impervious surface land covers within the 100 and 250 m buffers were more strongly correlated with the diatom assemblage than these covers at larger spatial scales. Species richness and Shannon diversity index were both negatively correlated with the amount of wetland and mudflat surrounding the sites. Of secondary importance in structuring the diatom assemblage were sediment nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in wetlands immediately surrounding the tidal channels. The sensitivity of the tidal creek benthic diatom assemblage to both wetland and landscape level factors indicates that it might be a useful bioindicator of human disturbance to tidal wetland ecosystems. C1 [Weilhoefer, Christine L.] Univ Portland, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97203 USA. [Nelson, Walter G.; Clinton, Patrick] US EPA, Pacific Coast Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Weilhoefer, CL (reprint author), Univ Portland, Dept Biol, 5000 N Willamette Blvd, Portland, OR 97203 USA. EM weilhoef@up.edu NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAR PY 2015 VL 38 IS 2 BP 534 EP 545 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9826-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CA3EN UT WOS:000348789300010 ER PT J AU Gillett, DJ Weisberg, SB Grayson, T Hamilton, A Hansen, V Leppo, EW Pelletier, MC Borja, A Cadien, D Dauer, D Diaz, R Dutch, M Hyland, JL Kellogg, M Larsen, PF Levinton, JS Llanso, R Lovell, LL Montagna, PA Pasko, D Phillips, CA Rakocinski, C Ranasinghe, JA Sanger, DM Teixeira, H Van Dolah, RF Velarde, RG Welch, KI AF Gillett, David J. Weisberg, Stephan B. Grayson, Treda Hamilton, Anna Hansen, Virginia Leppo, Erik W. Pelletier, Marguerite C. Borja, Angel Cadien, Donald Dauer, Daniel Diaz, Robert Dutch, Margaret Hyland, Jeffrey L. Kellogg, Michael Larsen, Peter F. Levinton, Jeffrey S. Llanso, Roberto Lovell, Lawrence L. Montagna, Paul A. Pasko, Dean Phillips, Charles A. Rakocinski, Chet Ranasinghe, J. Ananda Sanger, Denise M. Teixeira, Heliana Van Dolah, Robert F. Velarde, Ronald G. Welch, Kathy I. TI Effect of ecological group classification schemes on performance of the AMBI benthic index in US coastal waters SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Macrobenthos; Assessment index; Tolerance values; Best professional judgement; Biogeographic variation ID MARINE-BIOTIC-INDEX; MID-ATLANTIC REGION; INFAUNAL COMMUNITIES; HABITAT QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; ESTUARINE; INTEGRITY; SEDIMENTS; STRESS AB The AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) requires less geographically-specific calibration than other benthic indices, but has not performed as well in US coastal waters as it has in the European waters for which it was originally developed. Here we examine the extent of improvement in index performance when the Ecological Group (EG) classifications on which AMBI is based are derived using local expertise. Twenty-three US benthic experts developed EG scores for each of three regions in the United States, as well as for the US as a whole. Index performance was then compared using: (1) EG scores specific to a region, (2) national EG scores, (3) national EG scores supplemented with standard international EG scores for taxa that the US experts were not able to make assignments, and (4) standard international EG scores. Performance of each scheme was evaluated by diagnosis of condition at pre-defined good/bad sites, concordance with existing local benthic indices, and independence from natural environmental gradients. The AMBI performed best when using the national EG assignments augmented with standard international EG values. The AMBI using this hybrid EG scheme performed well in differentiating apriori good and bad sites (>80% correct classification rate) and AMBI scores were both concordant and correlated (r(s) = 0.4-0.7) with those of existing local indices. Nearly all of the results suggest that assigning the EG values in the framework of local biogeographic conditions produced a better-performing version of AMBI. The improved index performance, however, was tempered with apparent biases in score distribution. The AMBI, regardless of EG scheme, tended to compress ratings away from the extremes and toward the moderate condition and there was a bias with salinity, where high quality sites received increasingly poorer condition scores with decreasing salinity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gillett, David J.; Weisberg, Stephan B.; Ranasinghe, J. Ananda] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92648 USA. [Grayson, Treda] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Off Water, Washington, DC USA. [Hamilton, Anna; Leppo, Erik W.] Tetra Tech, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. [Hansen, Virginia] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Pelletier, Marguerite C.] US EPA, Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Borja, Angel] AZTI Tecnalia Marine Res Div, Pasaia 20110, Spain. [Cadien, Donald; Lovell, Lawrence L.] Sanitat Dist Angeles Cty, Ocean Monitoring Res Grp Cty, Carson, CA 90745 USA. [Dauer, Daniel] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Diaz, Robert] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Dutch, Margaret; Welch, Kathy I.] Washington State Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Hyland, Jeffrey L.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Kellogg, Michael] San Francisco Publ Util Commiss, Oceanside Biol Lab, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Larsen, Peter F.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA. [Levinton, Jeffrey S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Llanso, Roberto] ESA, Versar Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. [Montagna, Paul A.] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Pasko, Dean] Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. [Phillips, Charles A.] Dancing Coyote Environm, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 USA. [Rakocinski, Chet] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. [Sanger, Denise M.; Van Dolah, Robert F.] Marine Resources Res Inst, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29422 USA. [Teixeira, Heliana] IES, JRC, European Commiss, Water Resources Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Velarde, Ronald G.] Marine Biol Lab, San Diego, CA 92708 USA. RP Gillett, DJ (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92648 USA. EM davidg@sccwrp.org RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008; Teixeira, Heliana/O-5082-2014 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425; Teixeira, Heliana/0000-0001-8525-9967 FU California State Water Board; US EPA Office of Water FX This work was supported in part with funds from Michael Gjerde and the California State Water Board to the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project and from the US EPA Office of Water. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 50 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.11.005 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ5MO UT WOS:000348265200011 ER PT J AU China, S Scarnato, B Owen, RC Zhang, B Ampadu, MT Kumar, S Dzepina, K Dziobak, MP Fialho, P Perlinger, JA Hueber, J Helmig, D Mazzoleni, LR Mazzoleni, C AF China, Swarup Scarnato, Barbara Owen, Robert C. Zhang, Bo Ampadu, Marian T. Kumar, Sumit Dzepina, Katja Dziobak, Michael P. Fialho, Paulo Perlinger, Judith A. Hueber, Jacques Helmig, Detlev Mazzoleni, Lynn R. Mazzoleni, Claudio TI Morphology and mixing state of aged soot particles at a remote marine free troposphere site: Implications for optical properties SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; BLACK-CARBON AEROSOLS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; TECHNICAL NOTE; NS-SOOT; MODEL; SULFATE; HYGROSCOPICITY; SENSITIVITY; DEPENDENCE AB The radiative properties of soot particles depend on their morphology and mixing state, but their evolution during transport is still elusive. Here we report observations from an electron microscopy analysis of individual particles transported in the free troposphere over long distances to the remote Pico Mountain Observatory in the Azores in the North Atlantic. Approximately 70% of the soot particles were highly compact and of those 26% were thinly coated. Discrete dipole approximation simulations indicate that this compaction results in an increase in soot single scattering albedo by a factor of <= 2.17. The top of the atmosphere direct radiative forcing is typically smaller for highly compact than mass-equivalent lacy soot. The forcing estimated using Mie theory is within 12% of the forcing estimated using the discrete dipole approximation for a high surface albedo, implying that Mie calculations may provide a reasonable approximation for compact soot above remote marine clouds. C1 [China, Swarup; Zhang, Bo; Kumar, Sumit; Dzepina, Katja; Dziobak, Michael P.; Perlinger, Judith A.; Mazzoleni, Lynn R.; Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [China, Swarup; Kumar, Sumit; Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Scarnato, Barbara] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Owen, Robert C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ampadu, Marian T.; Dzepina, Katja; Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Fialho, Paulo] Univ Azores, Dept Agr Sci, Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal. [Perlinger, Judith A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Hueber, Jacques; Helmig, Detlev] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP China, S (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM schina@mtu.edu; cmazzoleni@mtu.edu RI Dzepina, Katja/A-1372-2014; OI Fialho, Paulo/0000-0001-9137-3870 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research [DE-SC0006941]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1110059]; NASA's Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship [NNX13AN68H]; Earth Planetary and Space Sciences Institute at Michigan Technological University FX The data for this paper are available upon request from the authors. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research (grant DE-SC0006941), the National Science Foundation (grant AGS-1110059), NASA's Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship (grant NNX13AN68H), and the Earth Planetary and Space Sciences Institute at Michigan Technological University. We thank C. Sorensen for insightful discussions on the fractal dimension and Jesse Nordeng and Kyle Gorkowski for helping in developing the SEM sampler. We are grateful for the pioneering work of the late Richard Honrath in establishing the PMO site. NR 57 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 54 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1250 DI 10.1002/2014GL062404 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CE5DY UT WOS:000351851900035 ER PT J AU LaKind, JS Goodman, M Makris, SL Mattison, DR AF LaKind, Judy S. Goodman, Michael Makris, Susan L. Mattison, Donald R. TI Improving Concordance in Environmental Epidemiology: A Three-Part Proposal SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; BIOMEDICAL-RESEARCH; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; REDUCING WASTE; CANCER PREVENTION; INCREASING VALUE; HEALTH SCIENCE; HARMONIZATION; QUALITY; PREREGISTRATION AB In observational research, evidence is usually derived from multiple studies, and any single result is rarely considered sufficient for public health decision making. Despite more than five decades of research and thousands of studies published, the ability to draw robust conclusions regarding the presence or absence of causal links between specific environmental exposures and human health remains limited. To develop policies that are protective of public health and can withstand scrutiny, agencies need to rely on investigations of satisfactory quality that follow sufficiently concordant protocols in terms of exposure assessment, outcome ascertainment, data analysis, and reporting of results. Absent such concordance, the ability of environmental epidemiology studies to inform decision making is greatly diminished. Systems and tools are proposed here to improve concordance among environmental epidemiology studies. Specifically, working systems in place in other fields of research are critically examined and used as guidelines to develop analogous policies and procedures for environmental epidemiology. A three-part path forward toward more concordant, transparent, and readily accessible environmental epidemiology evidence that parallels ongoing efforts in medical research is proposed. The three parts address methods for improving quality and accessibility of systematic reviews, access to information on ongoing and completed studies, and principles for reporting. The goals are to increase the value of epidemiological research in public health decision making and to stimulate discussions around solutions proposed herein. C1 [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Goodman, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Mattison, Donald R.] Risk Sci Int, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Mattison, Donald R.] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP LaKind, JS (reprint author), LaKind Associates LLC, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. EM lakindassoc@gmail.com FU American Chemistry Council (ACC) FX Two coauthors (J. S. LaKind, M. Goodman) received support from the American Chemistry Council (ACC). We thank several colleagues for reviewing the propsed article and providing suggestions for improvements. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD FEB 17 PY 2015 VL 18 IS 2 BP 105 EP 120 DI 10.1080/10937404.2015.1051612 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CM4JO UT WOS:000357651000002 PM 26158301 ER PT J AU Oshida, K Vasani, N Thomas, RS Applegate, D Rosen, M Abbott, B Lau, C Guo, G Aleksunes, LM Klaassen, C Corton, JC AF Oshida, Keiyu Vasani, Naresh Thomas, Russell S. Applegate, Dawn Rosen, Mitch Abbott, Barbara Lau, Christopher Guo, Grace Aleksunes, Lauren M. Klaassen, Curtis Corton, J. Christopher TI Identification of Modulators of the Nuclear Receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) in a Mouse Liver Gene Expression Compendium SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; NF-KAPPA-B; NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGEN; RISK-ASSESSMENT; X RECEPTOR; MICE; STEATOHEPATITIS; EXPOSURE; ACCUMULATION; HEPATOCYTES AB The nuclear receptor family member peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) is activated by therapeutic hypolipidemic drugs and environmentally-relevant chemicals to regulate genes involved in lipid transport and catabolism. Chronic activation of PPAR alpha in rodents increases liver cancer incidence, whereas suppression of PPAR alpha activity leads to hepatocellular steatosis. Analytical approaches were developed to identify biosets (i.e., gene expression differences between two conditions) in a genomic database in which PPAR alpha activity was altered. A gene expression signature of 131 PPAR alpha-dependent genes was built using microarray profiles from the livers of wild-type and PPAR alpha-null mice after exposure to three structurally diverse PPAR alpha activators (WY-14,643, fenofibrate and perfluorohexane sulfonate). A fold-change rank-based test (Running Fisher's test (p-value <= 10(-4))) was used to evaluate the similarity between the PPAR alpha signature and a test set of 48 and 31 biosets positive or negative, respectively for PPAR alpha activation; the test resulted in a balanced accuracy of 98%. The signature was then used to identify factors that activate or suppress PPAR alpha in an annotated mouse liver/primary hepatocyte gene expression compendium of similar to 1850 biosets. In addition to the expected activation of PPAR alpha by fibrate drugs, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and perfluorinated compounds, PPAR alpha was activated by benzofuran, galactosamine, and TCDD and suppressed by hepatotoxins acetaminophen, lipopolysaccharide, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, and trovafloxacin. Additional factors that activate (fasting, caloric restriction) or suppress (infections) PPAR alpha were also identified. This study 1) developed methods useful for future screening of environmental chemicals, 2) identified chemicals that activate or suppress PPAR alpha, and 3) identified factors including diets and infections that modulate PPAR alpha activity and would be hypothesized to affect chemical-induced PPAR alpha activity. C1 [Oshida, Keiyu; Vasani, Naresh; Rosen, Mitch; Abbott, Barbara; Lau, Christopher; Corton, J. Christopher] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Thomas, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Applegate, Dawn] RegeneMed, San Diego, CA USA. [Guo, Grace; Aleksunes, Lauren M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Ernest Mario Sch Pharm, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Klaassen, Curtis] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Corton, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM corton.chris@epa.gov OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 17 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 AR UNSP e0112655 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112655 PG 27 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CC4KQ UT WOS:000350322700002 PM 25689681 ER PT J AU Prucek, R Tucek, J Kolarik, J Huskova, I Filip, J Varma, RS Sharma, VK Zboril, R AF Prucek, Robert Tucek, Jiri Kolarik, Jan Huskova, Ivana Filip, Jan Varma, Rajender S. Sharma, Virender K. Zboril, Radek TI Ferrate(VI)-Prompted Removal of Metals in Aqueous Media: Mechanistic Delineation of Enhanced Efficiency via Metal Entrenchment in Magnetic Oxides SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; REACTION-KINETICS; HEAVY-METALS; OXIDATION; ARSENITE; FE(VI); NANOPARTICLES; ADSORBENTS; PRODUCTS; ARSENATE AB The removal efficiency of heavy metal ions (cadmium(II), Cd(II); cobalt(II), Co(II); nickel(II), Ni(II); copper(II), Cu(II)) by potassium ferrate(VI) (K2FeO4, Fe(VI)) was studied as a function of added amount of Fe(VI) (or Fe) and varying pH. At pH = 6.6, the effective removal of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) from water was observed at a low Fe-to-heavy metal ion ratio (Fe/M(II) = 2:1) while a removal efficiency of 70% was seen for Cd(II) ions at a high Fe/Cd(II) weight ratio of 15:1. The role of ionic radius and metal valence state was explored by conducting similar removal experiments using Al(III) ions. The unique combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in-field Mossbauer spectroscopy, and magnetization measurements enabled the delineation of several distinct mechanisms for the Fe(VI)-prompted removal of metal ions. Under a Fe/M weight ratio of 5:1, Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) were removed by the formation of MFe2O4 spinel phase and partially through their structural incorporation into octahedral positions of gamma-Fe2O3 (maghemite) nanoparticles. In comparison, smaller sized Al(III) ions got incorporated easily into the tetrahedral positions of gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. In contrast, Cd(II) ions either did not form the spinel ferrite structure or were not incorporated into the lattic of iron(III) oxide phase due to the distinct electronic structure and ionic radius. Environmentally friendly removal of heavy metal ions at a much smaller dosage of Fe than those of commonly applied iron-containing coagulants and the formation of ferrimagnetic species preventing metal ions leaching back into the environment and allowing their magnetic separation are highlighted. C1 [Prucek, Robert; Tucek, Jiri; Kolarik, Jan; Huskova, Ivana; Filip, Jan; Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Dept Phys Chem, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Prucek, Robert; Tucek, Jiri; Kolarik, Jan; Huskova, Ivana; Filip, Jan; Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Dept Expt Phys, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sharma, Virender K.] Texas A&M Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Tucek, J (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Dept Phys Chem, Slechtitelu 11, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. EM jiri.tucek@upol.cz; radek.zboril@upol.cz RI Zboril, Radek/F-5153-2015; OI Sharma, Virender/0000-0002-5980-8675; Zboril, Radek/0000-0002-3147-2196 FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [LO1305]; Operational Program Education for Competitiveness - European Social Fund of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0155, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0058, CZ.1.07/2.4.00/31.0130]; Technology Agency of the Czech Republic under "Competence Centres" [TE01020218] FX The authors acknowledge the support by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LO1305), Operational Program Education for Competitiveness - European Social Fund (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0155, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0058, and CZ.1.07/2.4.00/31.0130) of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, and the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic under "Competence Centres" (TE01020218). NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 17 U2 172 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 4 BP 2319 EP 2327 DI 10.1021/es5048683 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB7KT UT WOS:000349806400043 PM 25607569 ER PT J AU Frick, AD Richards, K Fedoriw, Y Thomas, R Wiltshire, T AF Frick, Amber D. Richards, Kristy Fedoriw, Yuri Thomas, Russell Wiltshire, Timothy TI Cellular genomics approaches to defining toxicity pathways of chemotherapeutic agents in immune cells SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AACR Precision Medicine Conference on Drug Sensitivity and Resistance - Improving Cancer Therapy CY JUN 18-21, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Frick, Amber D.; Richards, Kristy; Fedoriw, Yuri; Wiltshire, Timothy] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Thomas, Russell] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 EI 1557-3265 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 21 SU 4 MA A17 DI 10.1158/1557-3265.PMS14-A17 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CR5LZ UT WOS:000361385600013 ER PT J AU Harrill, JA Chen, H Streifel, KM Yang, D Mundy, WR Lein, PJ AF Harrill, Joshua A. Chen, Hao Streifel, Karin M. Yang, Dongren Mundy, William R. Lein, Pamela J. TI Ontogeny of biochemical, morphological and functional parameters of synaptogenesis in primary cultures of rat hippocampal and cortical neurons SO MOLECULAR BRAIN LA English DT Article DE Cortical neurons; Excitatory synapses; Inhibitory synapses; Hippocampal neurons; Primary neuronal cell cultures; Synaptogenesis ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; IN-VITRO; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; INHIBITORY SYNAPSES; SYNAPTIC VESICLES; CELL-CULTURES; VISUAL-CORTEX; NETWORKS AB Background: Synaptogenesis is a critical neurodevelopmental process whereby pre- and postsynaptic neurons form apposed sites of contact specialized for chemical neurotransmission. Many neurodevelopmental disorders are thought to reflect altered patterns of synaptic connectivity, including imbalances between excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Developing rapid throughput approaches for assessing synaptogenesis will facilitate toxicologic and drug screening studies of neurodevelopmental disorders. The current study describes the use of high-content imaging to quantify the ontogeny of excitatory and inhibitory synapses using in vitro models of neurodevelopment. These data are compared to biochemical and functional measures of synaptogenesis. Results: The ontogenetic patterns of synapse formation were compared between primary rodent hippocampal and cortical neurons over 28 days in vitro (DIV). As determined by ELISA, the increase in synaptophysin expression levels as cultures matured was similar between hippocampal and cortical cultures. High-content imaging of immunoreactivity of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic biomarkers demonstrated an overall greater number of synapses in hippocampal relative to cortical neurons with marked differences in the pattern of inhibitory synapse development between these two neuronal cell types. Functional assays revealed that both the mean firing rates and mean bursting rates were significantly increased in cortical cultures relative to hippocampal cultures. This difference may reflect decreased inhibitory synaptic tone in cortical versus hippocampal cultures. Conclusions: These data demonstrate differences and similarities in the ontogeny of synaptogenesis between hippocampal and cortical neurons, depending on the biological level examined. Assessment of synaptophysin protein levels by ELISA showed a general increase in synapse formation in both cell types with increasing time in culture, while high-content imaging was able to delineate cell type-dependent differences in formation of excitatory versus inhibitory synapses. The functional significance of differences in the balance of excitatory to inhibitory synapses was confirmed by the assessment of network activity using microelectrode arrays. These results suggest that high-content imaging and microelectrode arrays provide complementary approaches for quantitative assessment of synaptogenesis, which should provide a robust readout of toxicologic and pharmacologic effects on this critical neurodevelopmental event. C1 [Harrill, Joshua A.; Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chen, Hao; Streifel, Karin M.; Yang, Dongren; Lein, Pamela J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lein, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM pjlein@ucdavis.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Science [NIEHS] [ES011269]; MIND Institute Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center [U54 HD079125]; USEPA [83543201, 835550]; NIEHS [T32 ES007059, F32 ES024676]; Autism Research Training Program of the UC Davis MIND Institute (NIH grant) [T32-MH073124] FX We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Timothy Shafer (USEPA) and Dr. Matthew Brock (Axion Biosystems) for providing advice on culturing neurons on MEAs and analysis of MEA recordings. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Science [NIEHS, grant ES011269], by the MIND Institute Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (U54 HD079125), and by the USEPA (grants 83543201 and 835550]. Hao Chen was supported by an NIEHS-funded predoctoral fellowship (grant T32 ES007059), and Karin Streifel was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Autism Research Training Program of the UC Davis MIND Institute (NIH grant T32-MH073124) and by an NIEHS-funded NRSA postdoctoral fellowship (F32 ES024676). These funding agencies were not involved in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS or the U.S.E.P.A. Further, the NIEHS and USEPA do not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-6606 J9 MOL BRAIN JI Mol. Brain PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 8 AR 10 DI 10.1186/s13041-015-0099-9 PG 15 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA CB8ZE UT WOS:000349920200001 PM 25757474 ER PT J AU Croom, EL Shafer, TJ Evans, MV Mundy, WR Eklund, CR Johnstone, AFM Mack, CM Pegram, RA AF Croom, Edward L. Shafer, Timothy J. Evans, Marina V. Mundy, William R. Eklund, Chris R. Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Mack, Cina M. Pegram, Rex A. TI Improving in vitro to in vivo extrapolation by incorporating toxicokinetic measurements: A case study of lindane-induced neurotoxicity SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE In vitro; In vivo; Extrapolation; Toxicokinetics; Lindane; Neurotoxicity ID GAMMA-BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE; ALPHA-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; INDUCED CONVULSIONS; TISSUE RESIDUES; RATS; CHEMICALS; 21ST-CENTURY; BRAIN AB Approaches for extrapolating in vitro toxicity testing results for prediction of human in vivo outcomes are needed. The purpose of this case study was to employ in vitro toxicokinetics and PBPK modeling to perform in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) of lindane neurotoxicity. Lindane cell and media concentrations in vitro, together with in vitro concentration-response data for lindane effects on neuronal network firing rates, were compared to in vivo data and model simulations as an exercise in extrapolation for chemical-induced neurotoxicity in rodents and humans. Time- and concentration-dependent lindane dosimetry was determined in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons in vitro using "faux" (without electrodes) micro-electrode arrays (MEAs). In vivo data were derived from literature values, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used to extrapolate from rat to human. The previously determined EC50 for increased firing rates in primary cultures of cortical neurons was 0.6 mu g/ml. Media and cell lindane concentrations at the EC50, were 0.4 mu g/ml and 7.1 mu g/ml, respectively, and cellular lindane accumulation was time- and concentration-dependent. Rat blood and brain lindane levels during seizures were 1.7-1.9 mu g/ml and 5-11 mu g/ml, respectively. Brain lindane levels associated with seizures in rats and those predicted for humans (average = 7 mu g/ml) by PBPK modeling were very similar to in vitro concentrations detected in cortical cells at the EC50 dose. PBPK model predictions matched literature data and timing. These findings indicate that in vitro MEA results are predictive of in vivo responses to lindane and demonstrate a successful modeling approach for IVIVE of rat and human neurotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Croom, Edward L.; Shafer, Timothy J.; Evans, Marina V.; Mundy, William R.; Eklund, Chris R.; Johnstone, Andrew F. M.; Mack, Cina M.; Pegram, Rex A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pegram, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pegram.rex@epa.gov NR 43 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 283 IS 1 BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2014.11.006 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CB3ER UT WOS:000349511500002 PM 25529470 ER PT J AU Kim, JR Huling, SG Kan, E AF Kim, Jihyun R. Huling, Scott G. Kan, Eunsung TI Effects of temperature on adsorption and oxidative degradation of bisphenol A in an acid-treated iron-amended granular activated carbon SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Fenton oxidation; Temperature; Adsorption; Regeneration of activated carbon; Bisphenol A; Endocrine disrupting compound ID FENTON-DRIVEN OXIDATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; METHYLENE-BLUE; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; AQUATIC TOXICITY; WATER; REMOVAL; OPTIMIZATION AB The present study suggests a combined adsorption and Fenton oxidation using an acid-treated Feamended granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) for effective removal of bisphenol A in water. When the Fe-GAC adsorbs, and is saturated with BPA in water, Fenton oxidation of BPA occurs in the BPA-spent Fe-GAC for regeneration of the GAC. Particularly this study showed temperature as an effective mean to enhance adsorption, desorption, diffusion and Fenton oxidation associated with the adsorption and Fenton oxidation of BPA on the Fe-GAC. The adsorption rates of BPA onto the Fe-GAC were enhanced with increasing temperature mainly due to increase in diffusion of BPA. The estimated thermodynamic parameters associated with adsorption of BPA indicated that the adsorption of BPA onto the Fe-GAC was a spontaneous, exothermic and physical adsorption process. On the other hand, the molar ratio of [H2O2]:[BPA] (36-108 H2O2/mol BPA) in the Fenton oxidation of the BPA-spent Fe-GAC led to 91-99% removal of BPA with negligible aromatic products and some soluble organic acids. The oxidation rates of BPA and H2O2 during the Fenton oxidation of the BPA-spent Fe-GAC were drastically enhanced by the factor of 2.5 and 5 when the reaction temperature increased from 293 to 331 K, respectively. The comparative analysis of temperature-dependent enhancement in diffusion, desorption and oxidation rates of EPA in Fe-GAC indicated that the BPA oxidation in the Fe-GAC is mainly controlled by diffusive transport of BPA from the Fe-GAC. Besides, the Thiele-modulus analysis clearly supported more significant pore diffusion limitation of H2O2 in the Fe-GAC with increasing temperature and the Fe-GAC particle size. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Jihyun R.; Kan, Eunsung] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Kan, E (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM ekan@hawaii.edu FU University of Hawaii [2300016] FX This work was supported by University of Hawaii (Project number: 2300016). NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 EI 1873-3212 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 262 BP 1260 EP 1267 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2014.10.065 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA AY4XF UT WOS:000347577700139 ER PT J AU Lutskiy, MY Avneri-Katz, S Zhu, N Itsko, M Ronen, Z Arnusch, CJ Kasher, R AF Lutskiy, Marina-Yamit Avneri-Katz, Shani Zhu, Ni Itsko, Mark Ronen, Zeev Arnusch, Christopher J. Kasher, Roni TI A microbiology-based assay for quantification of bacterial early stage biofilm formation on reverse-osmosis and nanofiltration membranes SO SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofilm-growth; Reverse-osmosis; Nanofiltration; Biofouling; Bacterial initial attachment ID TECHNOLOGY; ADHESION AB Membrane-based water treatment and purification technologies are crucial globally, and are especially essential in areas that suffer from a shortage of water. In the source water bacteria are ubiquitous and "microbial attachment and growth on membranes is a major problem associated with these technologies. Here we describe an assay to quantify early stage biofilm growth on reverse-osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) polyamide membranes. The adherence and growth of Klebsiella oxytoca on RO and NF membranes was monitored over time under static conditions, with repeated removal of planktonic bacteria, and this assay was effective in showing especially the early stages of bacterial attachment and growth. Comparison of bacterial growth on NF270, SW30, TM820-400, and LE-400 membranes showed only slight differences, and in all cases the bacterial growth rate accelerated between 5 and 10 h of incubation time. The average surface growth rate was 1.3 x 10(6) CFU/(cm(2) x h) during 5-10 h of incubation, and was measured by counting colony-forming units (CFU) after detachment of bacteria from the membranes. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed early stage biofilm growth between 5 and 10 h of incubation time. This assay will be useful to assess the susceptibility of membranes to bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm growth and will be especially useful in screening novel antimicrobial and anti-biofilm membrane coatings and modifications and gaining insight into the mode of action of surface-tethered antimicrobial agents. Since initial irreversible adhesion is a critical step in the development of biofilms and hence biofouling on membranes, a deeper understanding of the process may lead to novel strategies for biofilm prevention. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lutskiy, Marina-Yamit; Avneri-Katz, Shani; Zhu, Ni; Itsko, Mark; Arnusch, Christopher J.; Kasher, Roni] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Dept Desalinat & Water Treatment, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. [Itsko, Mark] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ronen, Zeev] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Dept Hydrol & Environm Microbiol, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. RP Kasher, R (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Dept Desalinat & Water Treatment, Sde Boqer Campus, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. EM kasher@bgu.ac.il FU Massachusetts Institute of Technology - BenGurion University (MIT-BGU); Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology for the fellowship of Advancement of Women in Science [3-8736]; Water Authority of Israel FX The authors wish to thank the Water Authority of Israel for providing the 2012-2013 PhD student fellowship Grant (M.-Y.L.). The authors thank the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - BenGurion University (MIT-BGU) student exchange program for financing a scholarship and travel expenses (N.Z.), and the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology for the 2012 fellowship of Advancement of Women in Science (No. 3-8736, M.-Y.L.). The authors thank Dr. Ehud Banin (Bar-Ilan University, Israel) and Dr. Moshe Herzberg (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel) for fruitful scientific discussions. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5866 EI 1873-3794 J9 SEP PURIF TECHNOL JI Sep. Purif. Technol. PD FEB 12 PY 2015 VL 141 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.003 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA CA9WE UT WOS:000349274700026 ER PT J AU Tegenaw, A Tolaymat, T Al-Abed, S El Badawy, A Luxton, T Sorial, G Genaidy, A AF Tegenaw, Ayenachew Tolaymat, Thabet Al-Abed, Souhail El Badawy, Amro Luxton, Todd Sorial, George Genaidy, Ash TI Characterization and Potential Environmental Implications of Select Cu-Based Fungicides and Bactericides Employed in US Markets SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COPPER-BASED NANOMATERIALS; HUMIC-ACID ADSORPTION; VINEYARD SOILS; SURFACE-CHARGE; NANOPARTICLES; TOXICITY; ZNO; AGGREGATION; WATER; TIO2 AB This exploratory study aimed to examine the extent and mineral speciation of nanosized Cu in two fungicide products (A and B) available in the U.S. markets. Electron microcopy results demonstrated the presence of spherical and polydisperse <100 nm Cu particles in product B. Other elements (e.g., Pb, Na, Ca, and S) were found in both products. Mineral speciation analysis indicated the dominance of spertiniite followed by cornetite and then malachite in product A. In product B, spertiniite and tenorite were the dominant Cu species followed by cornetite and malachite. Tenorite in product B (similar to 30%, <450 nm) has the potential for stronger toxicological impacts relative to those of other Cu minerals in the tested products. For both products, the particle hydrodynamic diameter was impacted by changes in environmental parameters (pH, ionic strength, and background electrolyte) in Milli-Q water and humic acid suspensions. However, a minimal impact was observed in polyvinylpyrrolidone suspensions. The findings are critically important for estimating the fate and transport of Cu particles in different environmental scenarios as well as allowing a more accurate assessment of their risk that is largely impacted by chemical speciation and size. C1 [Tegenaw, Ayenachew; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet; Al-Abed, Souhail; Luxton, Todd] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [El Badawy, Amro] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Genaidy, Ash] Worldtek Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45249 USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM world_tek_inc@yahoo.com RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011 FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development); Department of Energy; MRCAT; DOE Office of Science of the Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research was funded in part by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development). The MRCAT operation was supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated by the DOE Office of Science of the Argonne National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1294 EP 1302 DI 10.1021/es504326n PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA6XH UT WOS:000349060300009 PM 25569731 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Guo, ZS Roache, NF Mocka, CA Allen, MR Mason, MA AF Liu, Xiaoyu Guo, Zhishi Roache, Nancy F. Mocka, Corey A. Allen, Matt R. Mason, Mark A. TI Henry's Law Constant and Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient for Formaldehyde Emission from Small Water Pools under Simulated Indoor Environmental Conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AIR; TEMPERATURE; EXCHANGE; EXPOSURE AB The Henry's law constant (HLC) and the overall mass transfer coefficient are both important parameters for modeling formaldehyde emissions from aqueous solutions. In this work, the apparent HLCs for formaldehyde aqueous solutions were determined in the concentration range from 0.01% to 1% (w/w) and at different temperatures (23, 40, and 55 degrees C) by a static headspace extraction method. The aqueous solutions tested included formaldehyde in water, formaldehyde-water with nonionic surfactant Tergitol NP-9, and formaldehyde-water with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. Overall, the measured HLCs ranged from 8.33 x 10(-6) to 1.12 x 10(-4) (gas-concentration/aqueous-concentration, dimensionless). Fourteen small-chamber tests were conducted with formaldehyde solutions in small pools. By applying the measured HLCs, the formaldehyde overall liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients (KOLs) were determined to be in the range of 8.12 x 10(-5) to 2.30x 10(-4) m/h, and the overall gas-phase mass transfer coefficients were between 2.84 and 13.4 m/h. The influences of the formaldehyde concentration, temperature, agitation rate, and surfactant on HLC and KOL were investigated. This study provides useful data to support source modeling for indoor formaldehyde originating from the use of household products that contain formaldehyde-releasing biocides. C1 [Liu, Xiaoyu; Mason, Mark A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Roache, Nancy F.; Mocka, Corey A.; Allen, Matt R.] Arcadis US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM liu.xiaoyu@epa.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 3 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1603 EP 1610 DI 10.1021/es504540c PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA6XH UT WOS:000349060300045 PM 25564098 ER PT J AU George, BJ Reif, DM Gallagher, JE Williams-DeVane, CR Heidenfelder, BL Hudgens, EE Jones, W Neas, L Hubal, EAC Edwards, SW AF George, Barbara Jane Reif, David M. Gallagher, Jane E. Williams-DeVane, ClarLynda R. Heidenfelder, Brooke L. Hudgens, Edward E. Jones, Wendell Neas, Lucas Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen Edwards, Stephen W. TI Data-Driven Asthma Endotypes Defined from Blood Biomarker and Gene Expression Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; OBESE INDIVIDUALS; PHENOTYPES; ASSOCIATION; IDENTIFICATION; ADIPONECTIN; MACROPHAGES; CHILDREN; INSIGHTS AB The diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma is complicated by its mechanistically distinct subtypes (endotypes) driven by genetic susceptibility and modulating environmental factors. Clinical biomarkers and blood gene expression were collected from a stratified, cross-sectional study of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children from Detroit, MI. This study describes four distinct asthma endotypes identified via a purely data-driven method. Our method was specifically designed to integrate blood gene expression and clinical biomarkers in a way that provides new mechanistic insights regarding the different asthma endotypes. For example, we describe metabolic syndrome-induced systemic inflammation as an associated factor in three of the four asthma endotypes. Context provided by the clinical biomarker data was essential in interpreting gene expression patterns and identifying putative endotypes, which emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches when studying complex disease etiologies. These synthesized patterns of gene expression and clinical markers from our research may lead to development of novel serum-based biomarker panels. C1 [George, Barbara Jane] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Reif, David M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gallagher, Jane E.; Heidenfelder, Brooke L.; Hudgens, Edward E.; Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Williams-DeVane, ClarLynda R.; Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jones, Wendell] Quintiles Co, Dept Bioinformat, Express Anal, Durham, NC USA. [Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Edwards, SW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM edwards.stephen@epa.gov OI Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; National Center for Computational Toxicology within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development FX This study was funded by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and the National Center for Computational Toxicology within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development. This manuscript has been subjected to review by the US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Except as noted above, the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 2 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 AR UNSP e0117445 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0117445 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CA3QK UT WOS:000348821200038 PM 25643280 ER PT J AU Belanger, KK Ameredes, BT Ruiz, J AF Belanger, KarryAnne Karin Ameredes, Bill T. Ruiz, Jazmin TI Decreases in GM-CSF Release and Intracellular Levels of GM-CSF By Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Carbon Monoxide and Anoxia SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology (AAAAI) CY FEB 20-24, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Belanger, KarryAnne Karin; Ameredes, Bill T.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Ruiz, Jazmin] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 135 IS 2 SU S MA 734 BP AB227 EP AB227 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA CR2BN UT WOS:000361129600733 ER PT J AU McMinn, BR Korajkic, A AF McMinn, Brian R. Korajkic, Asja TI A Small Volume Procedure for Viral Concentration from Water SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Virology; Issue 96; Adenovirus; Celite Concentration; Organic Flocculation; 1MDS filter; NanoCeram filter; qPCR ID TAP WATER; DRINKING-WATER; SECONDARY CONCENTRATION; SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY; WASTE-WATER; VIRUSES; ULTRAFILTRATION; ADENOVIRUS; FILTERS; SAMPLES AB Small-scale concentration of viruses (sample volumes 1-10 L, here simulated with spiked 100 ml water samples) is an efficient, cost-effective way to identify optimal parameters for virus concentration. Viruses can be concentrated from water using filtration (electropositive, electronegative, glass wool or size exclusion), followed by secondary concentration with beef extract to release viruses from filter surfaces, and finally tertiary concentration resulting in a 5-30 ml volume virus concentrate. In order to identify optimal concentration procedures, two different electropositive filters were evaluated (a glass/cellulose filter [1MDS] and a nano-alumina/glass filter [NanoCeram]), as well as different secondary concentration techniques; the celite technique where three different celite particle sizes were evaluated (fine, medium and large) followed by comparing this technique with that of the established organic flocculation method. Various elution additives were also evaluated for their ability to enhance the release of adenovirus (AdV) particles from filter surfaces. Fine particle celite recovered similar levels of AdV40 and 41 to that of the established organic flocculation method when viral spikes were added during secondary concentration. The glass/cellulose filter recovered higher levels of both, AdV40 and 41, compared to that of a nano-alumina/glass fiber filter. Although not statistically significant, the addition of 0.1% sodium polyphosphate amended beef extract eluant recovered 10% more AdV particles compared to unamended beef extract. C1 [McMinn, Brian R.; Korajkic, Asja] US EPA, Boston, MA 02109 USA. RP McMinn, BR (reprint author), US EPA, Boston, MA 02109 USA. EM McMinn.Brian@epa.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD FEB PY 2015 IS 96 AR e51744 DI 10.3791/51744 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CR7MH UT WOS:000361533700004 ER PT J AU Condon, N Klemick, H Wolverton, A AF Condon, Nicole Klemick, Heather Wolverton, Ann TI Impacts of ethanol policy on corn prices: A review and meta-analysis of recent evidence SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Review DE Ethanol; Biofuels; Renewable fuel standard; Commodity prices; Meta-analysis ID LAND-USE CHANGE; BIOFUEL POLICIES; UNITED-STATES; AGRICULTURAL MARKETS; ALTERNATIVE BIOFUEL; FOOD; MANDATES; ENERGY; EMISSIONS; BENEFITS AB The literature on the impacts of biofuels on agricultural commodity prices is characterized by contradictory findings. We review studies published between 2007 and 2014 that estimate the effects of U.S. corn ethanol policy on corn prices and find estimates ranging from nil to over 80%. Such divergent results make it difficult to assess the merits of alternative biofuel policies. To bring more clarity to the issue and facilitate comparisons across studies, we assemble a database of over 150 medium-to-long run estimates of the effect of corn ethanol production on corn prices from 29 published studies. We first normalize corn price impacts by the change in corn ethanol volume to control for the large differences in ethanol quantities across scenarios. We then conduct a meta-analysis to identify the factors that drive the remaining variation in corn price impacts across studies. In addition to ethanol volumes, we find that modeling framework, projection year, inclusion of ethanol co-products, and biofuel production from other feedstocks explain much of the differences in price effects. The results indicate that a one billion gallon expansion of the US corn ethanol mandate in the year 2015 would lead to a three to four percent increase in corn prices, with smaller price changes projected in future years. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Condon, Nicole; Klemick, Heather; Wolverton, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Condon, Nicole] DC Water & Sewer Author, External Affairs, Washington, DC 20032 USA. RP Klemick, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Klemick.heather@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In addition, although the research described in this paper may have been funded entirely or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review. No official Agency endorsement should be inferred. The authors would like to thank John Anderson, Antonio Bento, Ujjayant Chakravorty, Joel Landry, Aline Mosnier, Siwa Msangi, Tran Nam Ahn, Agapi Somwaru, Wyatt Thompson, and Wallace Tyner for providing clarifications or additional data in response to queries about their articles. Jared Creason, Charles Griffiths, Sharyn Lie, Seth Meyer, Wyatt Thompson, and anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier drafts. All errors are the authors' own. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD FEB PY 2015 VL 51 BP 63 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.12.007 PG 11 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CF7PA UT WOS:000352747600007 ER PT J AU Iiames, JS Congalton, RG Lewis, TE Pilant, AN AF Iiames, John S. Congalton, Russell G. Lewis, Timothy E. Pilant, Andrew N. TI Uncertainty Analysis in the Creation of a Fine-Resolution Leaf Area Index (LAI) Reference Map for Validation of Moderate Resolution LAI Products SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID PINUS-TAEDA L.; LOBLOLLY-PINE; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION INDEXES; GROWTH; STANDS; FERTILIZATION; FORESTS AB The validation process for a moderate resolution leaf area index (LAI) product (i.e., MODIS) involves the creation of a high spatial resolution LAI reference map (Lai-RM), which when scaled to the moderate LAI resolution (i.e., > 1 km) allows for comparison and analysis with this LAI product. This research addresses two major sources of uncertainty in the creation of the LAI-RM: (1) the uncertainty associated with the indirect in situ optical measurements of southeastern United States needle-leaf LAI and (2) the uncertainty in the process of classifying land cover (LC). Uncertainty within the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in situ data collection was highest for the assessment of the plant area index (PAI), L-e (27.2%), and the woody-to-total ratio, alpha, (30.6%). The needle-to-shoot ratio, lambda(E), and the element clumping index, omega(E), contributed 14.9% and 9.3%, respectively, to the uncertainty in the calculation of LAI. Combining LC differences (3.4%) with the uncertainty within the loblolly pine component resulted in doubling the LAI-RM variability (sigma = 0.50 to sigma = 0.97) at the 1 km(2) validation site located in Appomattox, Virginia, USA. C1 [Iiames, John S.; Pilant, Andrew N.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Congalton, Russell G.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Lewis, Timothy E.] US Army Corps Engn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Iiames, JS (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr MD E243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM iiames.john@epa.gov; russ.congalton@unh.edu; timothy.e.lewis@usace.army.mil; pilant.drew@epa.gov NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 7 IS 2 BP 1397 EP 1421 DI 10.3390/rs70201397 PG 25 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CF2TQ UT WOS:000352400900012 ER PT J AU Lehmann, GM Christensen, K Maddaloni, M Phillips, LJ AF Lehmann, Geniece M. Christensen, Krista Maddaloni, Mark Phillips, Linda J. TI Evaluating Health Risks from Inhaled Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Research Needs for Addressing Uncertainty SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; PCB CONTAMINATION; INDOOR AIR; EXPOSURE; CARCINOGENICITY; BUILDINGS; MIXTURES; CHICAGO; INHALATION; CONGENERS AB Background: Indoor air concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs) in some buildings are one or more orders of magnitude higher than background levels. In response to this, efforts have been made to assess the potential health risk posed by inhaled PCBs. These efforts are hindered by uncertainties related to the characterization and assessment of source, exposure, and exposure-response. Objectives: We briefly describe some common sources of PCBs in indoor air and estimate the contribution of inhalation exposure to total PCB exposure for select age groups. Next, we identify critical areas of research needed to improve assessment of exposure and exposure response for inhaled PCBs. Discussion: Although the manufacture of PCBs was banned in the United States in 1979, many buildings constructed before then still contain potential sources of indoor air PCB contamination. In some indoor settings and for some age groups, inhalation may contribute more to total PCB exposure than any other route of exposure. PCB exposure has been associated with human health effects, but data specific to the inhalation route are scarce. To support exposure-response assessment, it is critical that future investigations of the health impacts of PCB inhalation carefully consider certain aspects of study design, including characterization of the PCB mixture present. Conclusions: In certain contexts, inhalation exposure to PCBs may contribute more to total PCB exposure than previously assumed. New epidemiological and toxicological studies addressing the potential health impacts of inhaled PCBs may be useful for quantifying exposure-response -relationships and evaluating risks. C1 [Lehmann, Geniece M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Christensen, Krista; Phillips, Linda J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Maddaloni, Mark] US EPA, New York, NY USA. RP Lehmann, GM (reprint author), US EPA, MD B243-01,4930 Old Page Rd, Durham, NC 27703 USA. EM lehmann.geniece@epa.gov NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 21 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 123 IS 2 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1289/ehp.1408564 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CE8GI UT WOS:000352079400009 PM 25302536 ER PT J AU Schlosser, PM Bale, AS Gibbons, CF Wilkins, A Cooper, GS AF Schlosser, Paul M. Bale, Ambuja S. Gibbons, Catherine F. Wilkins, Amina Cooper, Glinda S. TI Human Health Effects of Dichloromethane: Key Findings and Scientific Issues SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS; 2-YEAR INHALATION TOXICITY; SYRIAN GOLDEN-HAMSTERS; NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; B6C3F1 MICE; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS AB Background: The U.S. EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) completed an updated toxicological review of dichloromethane in November 2011. Objectives: In this commentary we summarize key results and issues of this review, including exposure sources, identification of potential health effects, and updated physiologically based pharmaco-kinetic (PBPK) modeling. Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of primary research studies and evaluation of PBPK models. Discussion: Hepatotoxicity was observed in oral and inhalation exposure studies in several studies in animals; neurological effects were also identified as a potential area of concern. Dichloromethane was classified as likely to be carcinogenic in humans based primarily on evidence of carcinogenicity at two sites (liver and lung) in male and female B6C3F1 mice (inhalation exposure) and at one site (liver) in male B6C3F1 mice (drinking-water exposure). Recent epidemiologic studies of dichloromethane (seven studies of hematopoietic cancers published since 2000) provide additional data raising concerns about associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Although there are gaps in the database for dichloromethane genotoxicity (i.e., DNA adduct formation and gene mutations in target tissues in vivo), the positive DNA damage assays correlated with tissue and/or species availability of functional glutathione S-transferase (GST) metabolic activity, the key activation pathway for dichloromethane-induced cancer. Innovations in the IRIS assessment include estimation of cancer risk specifically for a presumed sensitive genotype (GST-theta-1+/+), and PBPK modeling accounting for human physiological distributions based on the expected distribution for all individuals 6 months to 80 years of age. Conclusion: The 2011 IRIS assessment of dichloromethane provides insights into the toxicity of a commonly used solvent. C1 [Schlosser, Paul M.; Bale, Ambuja S.; Gibbons, Catherine F.; Wilkins, Amina; Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8601 P, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Cooper.Glinda@epa.gov NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 123 IS 2 BP 114 EP 119 DI 10.1289/ehp.1308030 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA CE8GI UT WOS:000352079400010 PM 25325283 ER PT J AU Sobota, DJ Compton, JE McCrackin, ML Singh, S AF Sobota, Daniel J. Compton, Jana E. McCrackin, Michelle L. Singh, Shweta TI Cost of reactive nitrogen release from human activities to the environment in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; United States; damage costs; spatial; ecosystem services; agriculture; economic analysis ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; DECISION-MAKING; SOCIAL COST; US; CYCLE; DEPOSITION; POLICY; EUTROPHICATION; PERSPECTIVE; PHOSPHORUS AB Leakage of reactive nitrogen (N) from human activities to the environment can cause human health and ecological problems. Often these harmful effects are not reflected in the costs of food, fuel, and fiber that derive from Nuse. Spatial analyses of damage costs attributable to source at management-relevant scales could inform decisions in areas where anthropogenic N leakage causes harm. We used recently compiled data describing N inputs in the conterminous United States (US) to assess potential damage costs associated with anthropogenic N. We estimated fates of N leaked to the environment (air/deposition, surface freshwater, groundwater, and coastal zones) in the early 2000s by multiplying watershed-level N inputs (8-digit US Geologic Survey Hydrologic Unit Codes; HUC8s) with published coefficients describing nutrient uptake efficiency, leaching losses, and gaseous emissions. We scaled these N leakage estimates with mitigation, remediation, direct damage, and substitution costs associated with human health, agriculture, ecosystems, and climate (per kg of N) to calculate annual damage cost (US dollars in 2008 or as reported) of anthropogenic N per HUC8. Estimates of N leakage by HUC8 ranged from <1 to 125 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), with most N leaked to freshwater ecosystems. Estimates of potential damages (based on median estimates) ranged from $1.94 to $2255 ha(-1) yr(-1) across watersheds, with a median of $252 ha(-1) yr(-1). Eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems and respiratory effects of atmospheric N pollution were important across HUC8s. However, significant data gaps remain in our ability to fully assess N damages, such as damage costs from harmful algal blooms and drinking water contamination. Nationally, potential health and environmental damages of anthropogenic N in the early 2000s totaled $210 billion yr(-1) USD (range: $81-$441 billion yr(-1)). While a number of gaps and uncertainties remain in these estimates, overall this work represents a starting point to inform decisions and engage stakeholders on the costs of N pollution. C1 [Sobota, Daniel J.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [McCrackin, Michelle L.] Stockholm Univ, Balt Sea Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Singh, Shweta] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Sobota, DJ (reprint author), Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Environm Solut Div, Portland, OR 97206 USA. EM sobota.daniel@deq.state.or.us OI McCrackin, Michelle/0000-0002-8570-2831 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Award FX This research was performed while the lead author held an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Award at the Western Ecology Division of the US Environmental Protection Agency in Corvallis, OR. Steve Jordan provided comments on an early version that greatly improved the manuscript. We thank Matt Weber, Michael Papenfus, Patricia Glibert, Hans van Grinsven, Roxanne Maranger, Cliff Snyder and David Simpson for discussions on approaches and data analysis techniques. Materials in this manuscript were presented at the 6th International Nitrogen Conference in Kampala, Uganda, 17-22 November 2013. This manuscript has undergone internal peer-review at the US Environmental Protection Agency and has been approved for publication. The views and opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not reflect views of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 16 U2 66 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 AR 025006 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/10/2/025006 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC7UI UT WOS:000350573500027 ER PT J AU Marcot, BG Singleton, PH Schumaker, NH AF Marcot, Bruce G. Singleton, Peter H. Schumaker, Nathan H. TI ANALYSIS OF SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY IN AN INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL OF A THREATENED WILDLIFE SPECIES SO NATURAL RESOURCE MODELING LA English DT Article DE Individual-based model; HexSim model; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty analysis ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BARRED OWL; PATCH SIZE; VIABILITY; LANDSCAPE; DISPERSAL; CONSERVATION; CALIBRATION; PARAMETERS AB Sensitivity analysisdetermination of how prediction variables affect response variablesof individual-based models (IBMs) are few but important to the interpretation of model output. We present sensitivity analysis of a spatially explicit IBM (HexSim) of a threatened species, the Northern Spotted Owl (NSO; Strix occidentalis caurina) in Washington, USA. We explored sensitivity to HexSim variables representing habitat quality, movement, dispersal, and model architecture; previous NSO studies have well established sensitivity of model output to vital rate variation. We developed normative (expected) model settings from field studies, and then varied the values of 1 input parameter at a time by +/- 10% and +/- 50% of their normative values to determine influence on response variables of population size and trend. We determined time to population equilibration and dynamics of populations above and below carrying capacity. Recovery time from small population size to carrying capacity greatly exceeded decay time from an overpopulated condition, suggesting lag time required to repopulate newly available habitat. Response variables were most sensitive to input parameters of habitat quality which are well-studied for this species and controllable by management. HexSim thus seems useful for evaluating potential NSO population responses to landscape patterns for which good empirical information is available. C1 [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Singleton, Peter H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Environm Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Marcot, BG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 620 SW Main St,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM cot@fs.fed.us; psingleton@fs.fed.us; schumaker.nathan@epa.gov FU Joint Fire Science Program of U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This work is part of a broader project funded under the Joint Fire Science Program of U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management. We thank other members of our project team for discussions and support, including E. Haunreiter, P. Hessburg, R. Kennedy, J. Lehmkuhl, M. Raphael, R. Scheller, and T. Spies. We also thank the members of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Northern Spotted Owl Modeling Team for inspiration. Programmers A. Brookes and K. Djang provided the code used for HexSim. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division, EPA, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Jeff Dunk, Chad Wilsey, and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the paper. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0890-8575 EI 1939-7445 J9 NAT RESOUR MODEL JI Nat. Resour. Model. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 28 IS 1 BP 37 EP 58 DI 10.1111/nrm.12056 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA CC4UK UT WOS:000350349200003 ER PT J AU Sharma, VK Zboril, R Varma, RS AF Sharma, Virender K. Zboril, Radek Varma, Rajender S. TI Ferrates: Greener Oxidants with Multimodal Action in Water Treatment Technologies SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID POTASSIUM FERRATE(VI); OXIDATION; KINETICS; REMOVAL; PRODUCTS; FE(VI); SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANISMS; COMPLEXES; ARSENITE AB One of the biggest challenges for humanity in the 21st century is easy access to purified and potable water. The presence of pathogens and toxins in water causes more than two million deaths annually, mostly among children under the age of five. Identifying and deploying effective and sustainable water treatment technologies is critical to meet the urgent need for clean water globally. Among the various agents used in the purification and treatment of water, iron-based materials have garnered particular attention in view of their special attributes such as their earth-abundant and environmentally friendly nature. In recent years, higher-valent tetraoxy iron(VI) ((FeO42-)-O-VI, Fe(VI)), commonly termed, ferrate, is being explored for a broad portfolio of applications, including a greener oxidant in synthetic organic transformations, a water oxidation catalyst, and an efficient agent for abatement of pollutants in water. The use of Fe(VI) as an oxidant/disinfectant and further utilization of the ensuing iron(III) oxides/hydroxide as coagulants are other additional attributes of ferrate for water treatment. This multimodal action and environmentally benign character of Fe(VI) are key advantages over other commonly used oxidants (e.g., chlorine, chlorine dioxide, permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, and ozone). This Account discusses current state-of-the-art applications of Fe(VI) and the associated unique chemistry of these high-valence states of iron. The main focus centers around the description and salient properties of ferrate species involving various electron transfer and oxygen-atom transfer pathways in terms of presently accepted mechanisms. The mechanisms derive the number of electron equivalents per Fe(VI) (i.e., oxidation capacity) in treating various contaminants. The role of pH in the kinetics of the reactions and in determining the removal efficiency of pollutants is highlighted; the rates of competing reactions of Fe(VI) with itself, water, and the contaminants, which are highly pH dependent, determine the optimum pH range of maximum efficacy. The main emphasis of this account is placed on cases where various modes of ferrate action are utilized, including the treatment of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing waste products, antibiotics, viruses, bacteria, arsenic, and heavy metals. For example, the oxidative degradation of N- and S-bearing contaminants by Fe(VI) yields either Fe(II) or Fe(III) via the intermediacy of Fe(IV) and Fe(V) species, respectively (e.g., Fe-VI -> Fe-IV -> Fe-II and Fe-VI -> Fe-V -> Fe-III). Oxidative transformations of antibiotics such as trimethoprim by Fe(VI) generate products with no residual antibiotic activity. Disinfection and inactivation of bacteria and viruses can easily be achieved by Fe(VI). Advanced applications involve the use of ferrate for the degradation of cyanobacteria and microcystin originating from algal blooms and for covalently embedding arsenic and heavy metals into the structure of formed magnetic iron(III) oxides, therefore preventing their leaching. Applications of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, namely, in situ Mossbauer spectroscopy, rapid-freeze electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear forward scattering of synchrotron radiation, and mass spectrometry will enhance the mechanistic understanding of ferrate species. This will make it possible to unlock the true potential of ferrates for degrading emerging toxins and pollutants, and in the sustainable production and use of nanomaterials in an energy-conserving environment. C1 [Sharma, Virender K.] Texas A&M Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sharma, VK (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM vsharma@sph.tamhsc.edu RI Zboril, Radek/F-5153-2015; OI Sharma, Virender/0000-0002-5980-8675; Zboril, Radek/0000-0002-3147-2196 FU United States National Science Foundation [CBET-1439314]; Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations-European Regional Development Fund [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058] FX V.K.S. acknowledges the support of the United States National Science Foundation (Grant CBET-1439314) for this research. V.K.S. and R.Z. acknowledge the support by the Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations-European Regional Development Fund (Grant CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058). We thank Dr. Jiri Tucek for technical assistance and Dr. Leslie Cizmas for constructive comments. We also thank anonymous reviewers for their comments, which have greatly improved the manuscript. NR 42 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 36 U2 221 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 EI 1520-4898 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 48 IS 2 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1021/ar5004219 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CB7KS UT WOS:000349806300005 PM 25668700 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Continuous chemical production processes SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD FEB PY 2015 VL 17 IS 2 BP 309 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s10098-015-0903-3 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB8BO UT WOS:000349853500004 ER PT J AU Byeon, SH Willis, R Peters, TM AF Byeon, Sang-Hoon Willis, Robert Peters, Thomas M. TI Chemical Characterization of Outdoor and Subway Fine (PM2.5-1.0) and Coarse (PM10-2.5) Particulate Matter in Seoul (Korea) by Computer-Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy (CCSEM) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION PARTICLES; INDUCE OXIDATIVE STRESS; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; TRANSITION-METALS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; HYDROXYL RADICALS; HUMAN HEALTH; LUNG-CELLS AB Outdoor and indoor (subway) samples were collected by passive sampling in urban Seoul (Korea) and analyzed with computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (CCSEM-EDX). Soil/road dust particles accounted for 42%-60% (by weight) of fine particulate matter larger than 1 mu m (PM2.5-1.0) in outdoor samples and 18% of PM2.5-1.0 in subway samples. Iron-containing particles accounted for only 3%-6% in outdoor samples but 69% in subway samples. Qualitatively similar results were found for coarse particulate matter (PM10-2.5) with soil/road dust particles dominating outdoor samples (66%-83%) and iron-containing particles contributing most to subway PM10-2.5 (44%). As expected, soil/road dust particles comprised a greater mass fraction of PM10-2.5 than PM2.5-1.0. Also as expected, the mass fraction of iron-containing particles was substantially less in PM10-2.5 than in PM2.5-1.0. Results of this study are consistent with known emission sources in the area and with previous studies, which showed high concentrations of iron-containing particles in the subway compared to outdoor sites. Thus, passive sampling with CCSEM-EDX offers an inexpensive means to assess PM2.5-1.0 and PM10-2.5 simultaneously and by composition at multiple locations. C1 [Byeon, Sang-Hoon] Korea Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Environm Hlth, Seoul 136703, South Korea. [Willis, Robert] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peters, Thomas M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Peters, TM (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, 100 Oakdale Campus, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM shbyeon@korea.ac.kr; willis.robert@epa.gov; thomas-m-peters@uiowa.edu FU Korea University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Traci Lersch of RJ Lee Group, Inc. for assistance with the electron microscopy analyses. This work was supported by a Korea University Grant. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD FEB PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 BP 2090 EP 2104 DI 10.3390/ijerph120202090 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CC2XZ UT WOS:000350209800060 PM 25689348 ER PT J AU Vesper, S Prill, R Wymer, L Adkins, L Williams, R Fulk, F AF Vesper, Stephen Prill, Rich Wymer, Larry Adkins, Lauren Williams, Ronald Fulk, Florence TI Mold contamination in schools with either high or low prevelance of asthma SO PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asthma; Environmental relative moldiness index; mold; PM2.5; School ID CLASSROOMS; CHILDREN; PARTICLES; HEALTH; DNA AB BackgroundMold exposures have been linked to the development and exacerbation of asthma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) metric, developed to quantify mold exposures in homes, might be applied to evaluating the mold contamination in schools. MethodsSettled dust samples (n=10) were collected on each level of a water-damaged school in Springfield, Massachusetts and two samples per level in five Idaho schools. Each dust sample was analyzed for the 36 molds that make up the ERMI. The concentration of 2.5-m particulate matter (PM2.5) was measured in each school at two locations during the spring of 2013. ResultsThe average ERMI value in the Springfield school, 15.51, was significantly greater (p<0.001) than the average ERMI value, -2.87, in the Idaho schools. Ten of the twenty-six Group 1 molds, which are associated with water-damaged environments, were in significantly greater concentrations in the Springfield school. The populations of Group 2 molds, which are common indoors even without water damage, were essentially the same in Springfield and Idaho schools. The average PM2.5 concentration in the Springfield and Idaho schools was 11.6 and 3.4g/m(3), respectively. ConclusionsThe ERMI scale might be useful in comparing the relative mold contamination in schools. C1 [Vesper, Stephen; Wymer, Larry; Fulk, Florence] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Prill, Rich] Washington State Univ, Spokane, WA USA. [Adkins, Lauren] US EPA, CSS Dynamac, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Vesper, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 West ML King Dr,ML 587, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM vesper.stephen@epa.gov FU Regional Sustainable Environmental Science (RESES) Research Program with the US EPA's Region 2; U.S. EPA ORD, NERL, EERD [EP-D-11-073]; American Schools of Public Health Fellowship; Oregon Public Health Institute (OPHI) [EP=C-04-023] FX This work was supported by the Regional Sustainable Environmental Science (RESES) Research Program with the US EPA's Region 2. Additional support and technical assistance was provided by CSS-Dynamac, c/o U.S. EPA ORD, NERL, EERD (Contract EP-D-11-073), the American Schools of Public Health Fellowship, Oregon Public Health Institute (OPHI), via a cooperative agreement with the CDC and EPA, and Arcadis U.S., Inc. (Contract EP=C-04-023). This work was also supported by EPA Region 10 through the Washington State University grant: 'Multi-Project Indoor Air Quality Project'. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6157 EI 1399-3038 J9 PEDIAT ALLERG IMM-UK JI Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 26 IS 1 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.1111/pai.12324 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology; Pediatrics SC Allergy; Immunology; Pediatrics GA CB9ZB UT WOS:000349992500007 PM 25511604 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Keller, DA Sander, M Carney, EW Doerrer, NG Eaton, DL Fitzpatrick, SC Hastings, KL Mendrick, DL Tice, RR Watkins, PB Whelan, M AF Knudsen, Thomas B. Keller, Douglas A. Sander, Miriam Carney, Edward W. Doerrer, Nancy G. Eaton, David L. Fitzpatrick, Suzanne Compton Hastings, Kenneth L. Mendrick, Donna L. Tice, Raymond R. Watkins, Paul B. Whelan, Maurice TI FutureTox II: In vitro Data and In Silico Models for Predictive Toxicology SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material DE in vitro; in silico; modeling; predictive toxicology; risk assessment ID CELL-DERIVED CARDIOMYOCYTES; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; 21(ST) CENTURY; STEM-CELLS; 21ST-CENTURY; SYSTEMS; VISION AB FutureTox II, a Society of Toxicology Contemporary Concepts in Toxicology workshop, was held in January, 2014. The meeting goals were to review and discuss the state of the science in toxicology in the context of implementing the NRC 21st century vision of predicting in vivo responses from in vitro and in silico data, and to define the goals for the future. Presentations and discussions were held on priority concerns such as predicting and modeling of metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, effects on sensitive subpopulations, and integrating data into risk assessment. Emerging trends in technologies such as stem cell-derived human cells, 3D organotypic culture models, mathematical modeling of cellular processes and morphogenesis, adverse outcome pathway development, and high-content imaging of in vivo systems were discussed. Although advances in moving towards an in vitro/in silico based risk assessment paradigm were apparent, knowledge gaps in these areas and limitations of technologies were identified. Specific recommendations were made for future directions and research needs in the areas of hepatotoxicity, cancer prediction, developmental toxicity, and regulatory toxicology. C1 [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Keller, Douglas A.] Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. [Sander, Miriam] Page One Editorial Serv, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. [Carney, Edward W.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Doerrer, Nancy G.] Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Eaton, David L.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Fitzpatrick, Suzanne Compton; Mendrick, Donna L.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Hastings, Kenneth L.] Sanofi, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Tice, Raymond R.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Watkins, Paul B.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Watkins, Paul B.] Hamner Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Whelan, Maurice] European Commiss Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Keller, DA (reprint author), Sanofi, 55C 420A,55 Corp Dr, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. EM douglas.keller@sanofi.com OI Keller, Douglas/0000-0002-6186-2881 NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 39 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 143 IS 2 BP 256 EP 267 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfu234 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CC1LK UT WOS:000350102000004 PM 25628403 ER PT J AU Martin, SA McLanahan, ED Bushnell, PJ Hunter, ES El-Masri, H AF Martin, Sheppard A. McLanahan, Eva D. Bushnell, Philip J. Hunter, E. Sidney, III El-Masri, Hisham TI Species Extrapolation of Life-Stage Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Models to Investigate the Developmental Toxicology of Ethanol Using In vitro to In vivo (IVIVE) Methods SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model; in vitro to in vivo extrapolation; Ethanol ID FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; THREATENED PREMATURE LABOR; EMBRYOS DEVELOPING INVITRO; PRENATAL ALCOHOL; RAT EMBRYOS; PREGNANT RATS; PLACENTAL-TRANSFER; ELIMINATION KINETICS; PROXIMATE TERATOGEN; AMNIOTIC-FLUID AB To provide useful alternatives to in vivo animal studies, in vitro assays for dose-response assessments of xenobiotic chemicals must use concentrations in media and target tissues that are within biologically-plausible limits. Determining these concentrations is a complex matter, which can be facilitated by applying physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models in an in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) paradigm. We used ethanol (EtOH), a ubiquitous chemical with defined metrics for in vivo and in vitro embryotoxicity, as a model chemical to evaluate this paradigm. A published series of life-stage PBPK models for rats was extended to mice, yielding simulations that adequately predicted in vivo blood EtOH concentrations (BECs) from oral, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes in nonpregnant and pregnant adult mice. The models were then extrapolated to nonpregnant and pregnant humans, replicating BEC data within a factor of two. The rodent models were then used to conduct IVIVEs for rodent and whole-embryo culture embryotoxicity data (neural tube closure defects, morphological changes). A second IVIVE was conducted for exposure scenarios in pregnant women during critical windows of susceptibility for developmental toxicity, such as the first 6-to-8 weeks (prerecognition period) or mid-to-late pregnancy period, when EtOH consumption is associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Incorporation of data from human embryonic stem cell studies led to a model-supported linkage of in vitro concentrations with plausible exposure ranges for pregnant women. This effort demonstrates benefits and challenges associated with use of multispecies PBPK models to estimate in vivo tissue concentrations associated with in vitro embryotoxicity studies. C1 [Martin, Sheppard A.; Bushnell, Philip J.; Hunter, E. Sidney, III; El-Masri, Hisham] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McLanahan, Eva D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Martin, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch MD B105 03, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sam506@gmail.com FU Environmental Protection Agency FX Declaration of Interest: There are no existing or potential conflicts of interest to report. This work was previously presented as an abstract and poster at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (2013) in San Antonio, TX (McLanahan et al., 2013). The information in this document has been funded by the Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 115 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 143 IS 2 BP 512 EP 535 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfu246 PG 24 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CC1LK UT WOS:000350102000024 PM 25410581 ER PT J AU Fritsch, EB Stegeman, JJ Goldstone, JV Nacci, DE Champlin, D Jayaraman, S Connon, RE Pessah, IN AF Fritsch, Erika B. Stegeman, John J. Goldstone, Jared V. Nacci, Diane E. Champlin, Denise Jayaraman, Saro Connon, Richard E. Pessah, Isaac N. TI Expression and function of ryanodine receptor related pathways in PCB tolerant Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from New Bedford Harbor, MA, USA SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Non-dioxin like PCBs; Ryanodine receptor; Fundulus heteroclitus; PCB tolerance ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; OXIDATIVE CAPACITY; CHANNEL COMPLEX; CARDIAC-MUSCLE; DIOXIN-LIKE; FISH; CALCIUM AB Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) thrive in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), MA, highly contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Resident killifish have evolved tolerance to dioxin-like (DL) PCBs, whose toxic effects through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) are well studied. In NBH, non-dioxin like PCBs (NDL PCBs), which lack activity toward the AhR, vastly exceed levels of DL congeners yet how killifish counter NDL toxic effects has not been explored. In mammals and fish, NDL PCBs are potent activators of ryanodine receptors (RyR), Ca2+ release channels necessary for a vast array of physiological processes. In the current study we compared the expression and function of RyR related pathways in NBH killifish with killifish from the reference site at Scorton Creek (SC, MA). Relative to the SC fish, adults from NBH displayed increased levels of skeletal muscle RyR1 protein, and increased levels of FK506-binding protein 12 kDa (FKBP12) an accessory protein essential for NDL PCB-triggered changes in RyR channel function. In accordance with increased RyR1 levels, NBH killifish displayed increased maximal ligand binding, increased maximal response to Ca2+ activation and increased maximal response to activation by the NDL PCB congener PCB 95. Compared to SC, NBH embryos and larvae had increased levels of mtor and ryr2 transcripts at multiple stages of development, and generations, while levels of serca2 were decreased at 9 days post-fertilization in the F1 and F2 generations. These findings suggest that there are compensatory and heritable changes in RyR mediated Ca2+ signaling proteins or potential signaling partners in NBH killifish. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fritsch, Erika B.; Pessah, Isaac N.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stegeman, John J.; Goldstone, Jared V.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nacci, Diane E.; Champlin, Denise; Jayaraman, Saro] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. [Connon, Richard E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pessah, Isaac N.] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Med Invest Neurodev Disorders MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Fritsch, EB (reprint author), 1089 Vet Med Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ebholland@ucdavis.edu OI Goldstone, Jared/0000-0002-9618-4961 FU NIEHS Superfund Research Program UC Davis [P42-ES004699]; Boston University [P42-ES007381]; UC Davis NHLBI [T32-HL086350]; NIEHS [1R01-ES014901, 1R01-ES017425]; UC Davis Center for Children's Environmental Health (U.S. Environmental Protection) [1P01-ES011269, 8354320]; JB Johnson Foundation FX Funding was provided through the NIEHS Superfund Research Program UC Davis (INP and EBF; P42-ES004699) and Boston University (BS and JVG; P42-ES007381). Support was supplied via the UC Davis NHLBI (EBF; T32-HL086350). Additional support came from NIEHS 1R01-ES014901, 1R01-ES017425, the UC Davis Center for Children's Environmental Health (1P01-ES011269, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Grant 8354320), and an unrestricted JB Johnson Foundation gift grant. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIH or USEPA. Appreciation is extended to Sibel Karchner, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, for supplying gene sequences important to this study and Ashley Bertrand and Ian Kirby, USEPA Office of Research and Development Narragansett, RI, for help with embryos and larvae sampling. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 159 BP 156 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.017 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA CB4IT UT WOS:000349592100017 PM 25546006 ER PT J AU Cotter, KA Nacci, D Champlin, D Chuprin, J Callard, GV AF Cotter, Kellie A. Nacci, Diane Champlin, Denise Chuprin, Jane Callard, Gloria V. TI Cloning of multiple ER alpha mRNA variants in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus), and differential expression by tissue type, stage of reproduction, and estrogen exposure in fish from polluted and unpolluted environments SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Estrogen receptor alpha; mRNA variants; Killifish; Alternative splicing; Endocrine disruption ID MARINE SUPERFUND SITE; ATLANTIC KILLIFISH; RECEPTOR-ALPHA; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; CHANNEL CATFISH; DNA METHYLATION; SPLICE VARIANTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAINBOW-TROUT AB To test the hypothesis that alternative splicing could be an adaptive mechanism for populations subject to multi-generational estrogenic exposures, we compared estrogen receptor alpha (ER) splicing variants in two populations of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus): one resident in an estrogenic polluted environment (New Bedford Harbor, NBH, MA, USA) and one from a relatively uncontaminated reference site (Scorton Creek, SC, MA, USA). In total we identified 19 ER alpha variants, each with deletions of one or more coding exons. Four of the variants with potential functional relevance were analyzed by qPCR to test for population differences in expression by tissue type, site, sex, seasonal reproductive status and estrogen treatment. Significantly, a 5'-truncated short form variant (ER alpha(S)) was highly expressed in liver and ovary, and was associated with seasonal reproductive activity in SC but not NBH fish. Both ER alpha(S) and the full-length long variant (ER alpha(L)) were estrogen-inducible (ER alpha(S) > ER alpha(L)) but the induction response was lower in NBH than in SC fish. In contrast, NBH killifish were hyper-responsive to estrogen as measured by expression of two other estrogen responsive genes: vitellogenin (Vtg) and aromatase B (AroB). Most strikingly, two ER alpha deletion variants (Delta 6 and Delta 6-8), lacking ligand binding and activation function domains, were identified in a subset of NBH fish, where they were associated with reduced responsiveness to estrogen treatment. Together, these results support the hypothesis that alternative splicing of the esrl gene of killifish could be an autoregulatory mechanism by which estrogen modulates the differential expression of ER alpha, and suggests a novel and adaptive mechanistic response to xenoestrogenic exposure. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cotter, Kellie A.; Chuprin, Jane; Callard, Gloria V.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nacci, Diane; Champlin, Denise] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Callard, GV (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM gvc@bu.edu FU National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences [NIEHS P42ES07381]; US Environmental Protection Agency National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) STAR Program [RD831301]; Boston University; Warren-McLeod Fellowship for Graduate Research in Marine Biology; EPA STAR Fellowship [FP917445]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1265282] FX We thank Ann Tarrant (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute) for help with the in vitro translation of our variants, and Peter Buston (Boston University) for guidance with the statistical analyses. This work was supported by the National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS P42ES07381), the US Environmental Protection Agency National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) STAR Program (RD831301), a Boston University, Warren-McLeod Fellowship for Graduate Research in Marine Biology (KC), an EPA STAR Fellowship (FP917445, KC) and a National Science Foundation grant (DEB-1265282; PI, Andrew Whitehead, UC Davis) in support of the killifish genome project. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 159 BP 184 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.012 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA CB4IT UT WOS:000349592100020 PM 25550165 ER PT J AU Grans, J Wassmur, B Fernandez-Santoscoy, M Zanette, J Woodin, BR Karchner, SI Nacci, DE Champlin, D Jayaraman, S Hahn, ME Stegeman, JJ Celander, MC AF Grans, Johanna Wassmur, Britt Fernandez-Santoscoy, Maria Zanette, Juliano Woodin, Bruce R. Karchner, Sibel I. Nacci, Diane E. Champlin, Denise Jayaraman, Saro Hahn, Mark E. Stegeman, John J. Celander, Malin C. TI Regulation of pregnane-X-receptor, CYP3A and P-glycoprotein genes in the PCB-resistant killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) population from New Bedford Harbor SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PXR; NR1I2; CYP3A; P-glycoprotein; Fish; PCB ID CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; MARINE SUPERFUND SITE; ATLANTIC KILLIFISH; AH RECEPTOR; METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; POLLUTION TOLERANCE; CYTOCHROME-P450 1A; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION AB Killifish survive and reproduce in the New Bedford Harbor (NBH) in Massachusetts (MA), USA, a site severely contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for decades. Levels of 22 different PCB congeners were analyzed in liver from killifish collected in 2008. Concentrations of dioxin-like PCBs in liver of NBH killifish were similar to 400 times higher, and the levels of non-dioxin-like PCBs similar to 3000 times higher than in killifish from a reference site, Scorton Creek (SC), MA. The NBH killifish are known to be resistant to the toxicity of dioxin-like compounds and to have a reduced aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling response.-Little is known about the responses of these fish to non-dioxin-like PCBs, which are at extraordinarily high levels in NBH fish. In mammals, some non-dioxin-like PCB congeners act through nuclear receptor 1I2, the pregnane-X-receptor (PXR). To explore this pathway in killifish, a PXR cDNA was sequenced and its molecular phylogenetic relationship to other vertebrate PXRs was determined. Killifish were also collected in 2009 from NBH and SC, and after four months in the laboratory they were injected with a single dose of either the dioxin-like PCB 126 (an AhR agonist) or the non-dioxinlike PCB 153 (a mammalian PXR agonist). Gills and liver were sampled three days after injection and transcript levels of genes encoding PXR, cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), P-glycoprotein (Pgp), AhR2 and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) were measured by quantitative PCR. As expected, there was little effect of PCB exposure on mRNA expression of AhR2 or CYP1A in liver and gills of NBH fish. In NBH fish, but not in SC fish, there was increased mRNA expression of hepatic PXR, CYP3A and Pgp upon exposure to either of the two PCB congeners. However, basal PXR and Pgp mRNA levels in liver of NBH fish were significantly lower than in SC fish. A different pattern was seen in gills, where there were no differences in basal mRNA expression of these genes between the two populations. In SC fish, but not in NBH fish, there was increased mRNA expression of branchial PXR and CYP3A upon exposure to PCB126 and of CYP3A upon exposure to PCB153. The results suggest a difference between the two populations in non-AhR transcription factor signaling in liver and gills, and that this could involve killifish PXR. It also implies possible cross-regulatory interactions between that factor (presumably PXR) and AhR2 in liver of these fish. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Grans, Johanna; Wassmur, Britt; Fernandez-Santoscoy, Maria; Celander, Malin C.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Zanette, Juliano; Woodin, Bruce R.; Karchner, Sibel I.; Hahn, Mark E.; Stegeman, John J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nacci, Diane E.; Champlin, Denise; Jayaraman, Saro] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Celander, MC (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Box 463, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. EM malin.celander@gu.se RI Zanette, Juliano/E-6773-2013; OI Hahn, Mark/0000-0003-4358-2082 FU FORMAS [216-2007-468]; University of Gothenburg; Superfund Research Program at Boston University; NIH [P42ES007381]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1120512, DEB-1265282, DEB-1120013, DEB-1120263, DEB-1120333, DEB-1120398]; NOAA [NA16RG2273]; WHOI Sea Grant [R/P-70]; Adlerbertska Forskningsstiftelsen; Helge Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse; Wilhelm och Martina Lundgrens Vetenskapsfond FX This study was supported by grants from FORMAS (216-2007-468) and University of Gothenburg to MCC, and by the Superfund Research Program at Boston University, NIH grant P42ES007381 to JJS, MEH, and SIK. Data interpretation was aided by reference to a preliminary draft of the Fundulus heteroclitus genome sequence, which was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation (collaborative research grants DEB-1120512, DEB-1265282, DEB-1120013, DEB-1120263, DEB-1120333, DEB-1120398). This study was also supported by NOAA Grant No. NA16RG2273 (WHOI Sea Grant Project No. R/P-70 to SIK and MEH) and by funding from Adlerbertska Forskningsstiftelsen, Helge Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse and Wilhelm och Martina Lundgrens Vetenskapsfond to BW and JG. We thank Dr. Joanna Y. Wilson, Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada for valuable discussions. We also thank Dr. Kerstin Wiklander, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden for statistical guidance. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 159 BP 198 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.010 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA CB4IT UT WOS:000349592100021 PM 25553538 ER PT J AU Kotchenruther, RA AF Kotchenruther, Robert A. TI The effects of marine vessel fuel sulfur regulations on ambient PM2.5 along the west coast of the US SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PM2.5; Marine vessel emissions; Positive matrix factorization; Source apportionment; Residual fuel oil; Emissions control area ID PARTICULATE MATTER; SHIP EMISSIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; DIESEL-ENGINE; QUALITY; IMPACTS AB This work uses PM2.5 data and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling to explore the effects of two marine vessel fuel sulfur regulations along the west coast of the United States (US); California's (CA) Ocean-Going Vessel Clean Fuel Regulation (CA-CFR) implemented in July 2009 and the North American Emissions Control Area (NA-ECA) implemented in August 2012. Data from 31 chemically speciated PM2.5 monitors along the US west coast were analyzed and 9 sites with strong linear correlations between vanadium and nickel were selected for PMF modeling. The 9 sites were modeled independently and for 8 sites, 3 in CA and 5 in Washington State (WA), a well-defined factor linked to marine vessel residual fuel oil (RFO) combustion was identified. For these 8 sites, model results were subdivided into three time periods; a three year period prior to implementation of the CA-CFR, a three year period after the CA-CFR but prior to the NA-ECA, and a one year period after implementation of the NA-ECA. Marine vessel PM2.5 distributions were compared between the three time periods to determine if statistically significant reductions had occurred. Comparing marine vessel PM2.5 for the three years before and after CA-CFR implementation, all CA sites indicated statistically significant reductions, with reductions in annualized average marine vessel PM2.5 from 30 to 52% (0.09-0.78 mu g/m(3)). Comparing marine vessel PM2.5 for the three years before NA-ECA implementation and the 1 year after, 2 of 5 WA sites indicated statistically significant reductions in annualized average impacts (45-50%, 0.12-0.23 jig/m3) and 1 of 3 sites in CA (46%, 0.04 mu g/m(3)). These results demonstrate that marine vessel fuel sulfur regulations on the west coast of the US have been effective at reducing PM2.5 impacts from marine vessel RFO combustion at some locations, with the implementation of the CA-CFR showing more success than the NA-ECA. The greater observed success of the CA-CFR is, to some extent, probably the result of a longer 3-year implementation time compared to only 1 year for the NA-ECA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Kotchenruther, RA (reprint author), US EPA, 10 Off Environm Assessment,1200 Sixth Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM Kotchenruther.Robert@epa.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 103 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.040 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB4GO UT WOS:000349586400014 ER PT J AU Foley, KM Dolwick, P Hogrefe, C Simon, H Timin, B Possiel, N AF Foley, Kristen M. Dolwick, Patrick Hogrefe, Christian Simon, Heather Timin, Brian Possiel, Norm TI Dynamic evaluation of CMAQ part II: Evaluation of relative response factor metrics for ozone attainment demonstrations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Dynamic evaluation; NOx SIP call; Ozone NAAQS; CMAQ version 5.0.1; Relative response factor ID METHODOLOGY; HOUSTON AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency provides guidelines on the use of air quality models for projecting whether an emission reduction strategy will lead to future pollutant levels that are at or below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The EPA's guidance document for ozone attainment demonstrations recommends an attainment test for the 8-h ozone NAAQS based on using the ratio of output from "future" and "base" model simulations through the calculation of location-specific Relative Response Factors (RRF). The 2007 guidance document as well as other related studies have recommended the use of retrospective evaluation studies in order to evaluate the ability of an air quality model to represent a change in air quality (dynamic evaluation) rather than relying solely on operational evaluation of model predictions under base line conditions. Here simulations from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system were conducted for 2002 and 2005, a time period characterized by significant emissions reductions associated with the EPA's Nitrogen Oxides State Implementation Plan Call (NOx SIP Call) as well as mobile sources. These simulations were used to evaluate the performance of different forms of the RRF metric for projecting 2002 to 2005 against 2005 observed ozone levels. The evaluation study showed that the current form of the RRF calculation is generally well designed for predicting the future 8-hr ozone "design value" metric used for determining attainment. Specifically, the methodology of using air quality model simulations in a relative sense provided better estimates of future ozone design values than using the modeled future year simulation alone. Alternative forms of the RRF metric were found to be very similar to the current methodology in terms of evaluation metrics. However, alternative RRF metrics were sensitive to the number of days used in the calculation of the RRF. Approaches which used more days in the RRF calculation (relative to the 2007 guidance approach) had slightly higher bias and error in predicting 2005 design values compared to approaches using only a subset of high ozone days. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Foley, Kristen M.; Dolwick, Patrick; Hogrefe, Christian; Simon, Heather; Timin, Brian; Possiel, Norm] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Foley, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM foley.kristen@epa.gov RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011 OI simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 103 BP 188 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.039 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB4GO UT WOS:000349586400022 ER PT J AU Foley, KM Hogrefe, C Pouliot, G Possiel, N Roselle, SJ Simon, H Timin, B AF Foley, Kristen M. Hogrefe, Christian Pouliot, George Possiel, Norm Roselle, Shawn J. Simon, Heather Timin, Brian TI Dynamic evaluation of CMAQ part I: Separating the effects of changing emissions and changing meteorology on ozone levels between 2002 and 2005 in the eastern US SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Dynamic evaluation; NOx SIP Call; Ozone evaluation; CMAQ; Meteorologically-adjusted ozone ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; UNITED-STATES; HORIZONTAL TRANSPORT; REDUCTIONS; TROPOSPHERE; TRENDS AB A dynamic evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 5.0.1 was conducted to evaluate the model's ability to predict changes in ozone levels between 2002 and 2005, a time period characterized by emission reductions associated with the EPA's Nitrogen Oxides State Implementation Plan as well as significant reductions in mobile source emissions. Model results for the summers of 2002 and 2005 were compared to simulations from a previous version of CMAQ to assess the impact of model updates on predicted pollutant response. Changes to the model treatment of emissions, meteorology and chemistry had substantial impacts on the simulated ozone concentrations. While the median bias for high summertime ozone decreased in both years compared to previous simulations, the observed decrease in ozone from 2002 to 2005 in the eastern US continued to be underestimated by the model. Additional "cross" simulations were used to decompose the model predicted change in ozone into the change due to emissions, the change due to meteorology and any remaining change not explained individually by these two components. The decomposition showed that the emission controls led to a decrease in modeled high summertime ozone close to twice as large as the decrease attributable to changes in meteorology alone. Quantifying the impact of retrospective emission controls by removing the impacts of meteorology during the control period can be a valuable approach for communicating to policy makers the net benefit of national control measures. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Foley, Kristen M.; Hogrefe, Christian; Pouliot, George; Possiel, Norm; Roselle, Shawn J.; Simon, Heather; Timin, Brian] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Foley, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM foley.kristen@epa.gov RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011 OI simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 103 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.038 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB4GO UT WOS:000349586400029 ER PT J AU Foster-Wittig, TA Thoma, ED Green, RB Hater, GR Swan, ND Chanton, JP AF Foster-Wittig, Tierney A. Thoma, Eben D. Green, Roger B. Hater, Gary R. Swan, Nathan D. Chanton, Jeffrey P. TI Development of a mobile tracer correlation method for assessment of air emissions from landfills and other area sources SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landfill; Area source; Tracer correlation; EPA OTM 33B; Methane ID METHANE EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; URBAN AREAS; COLLECTION AB A standardized version of a mobile tracer correlation measurement method was developed and used for assessment of methane emissions from 15 landfills in 56 field deployments from 2009 to 2013. Using cavity ring-down spectroscopy and acetylene tracer gas, this method has potential implementation and cost advantages over other mobile tracer correlation approaches. The field deployment, data acquisition and analysis procedures, and a range of use conditions are discussed. To test real-world method application, the field studies were conducted by engineering technician-level personnel under randomly-encountered daytime atmospheric conditions. A total of 1876 mobile tracer correlation measurement transects were attempted over 131 field sampling days. Of these, 1366 transect (73%) were successfully completed and passed basic data acceptance criteria as valid measurement attempts. Invalid data were caused primarily by equipment failures, transect execution errors, or poor plume transport conditions. Valid transects were further analyzed using signal-to-noise ratio, plume correlation, and emission rate difference method quality indicators described here. Encountered scenarios that can result in high emission measurement uncertainty or bias are discussed in term of these indicators. Reasonable values for the acceptance levels of the method quality indicators that help protect against method errors and reduce measurement noise are discussed. The application of a default indicator set to the valid data yield 456 transects (33%) that pass data acceptance criteria. Transects that fail were associated with insufficient advected plume transport, poor correlation between the tracer and source plumes, and potential emissions pooling conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Foster-Wittig, Tierney A.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Thoma, Eben D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Green, Roger B.; Hater, Gary R.] Waste Management Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA. [Swan, Nathan D.] Cygnus Environm Grp, Louisville, KY 40205 USA. [Chanton, Jeffrey P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Thoma, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tf29@duke.edu; thoma.eben@epa.gov; rgreen2@wm.com; ghater@wm.com; nathan_swan@yahoo.com; jchanton@fsu.edu FU EREF; NSF IGERT [DGE-1068871]; EPA ORD; EPA OAQPS FX The authors would like to thank Tom Pike for tireless efforts in execution of field studies, Will Stevens for assistance in creation of analysis software, and Tracey Footer for data analysis. We would like to thank Jason DeWees, and Ray Merrill with EPA OAQPS for ongoing support and collaboration and Chris Rella, Eric Crosson, and Sze Tan with Picarro, Inc., for their initial work to help develop these concepts. This work was supported by EREF Grant and by NSF IGERT Grant #DGE-1068871 and by the EPA ORD and OAQPS. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. EPA Agency. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 102 BP 323 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.008 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB4IB UT WOS:000349590300035 ER PT J AU Salih, HH Sorial, GA Patterson, CL Speth, TF AF Salih, Hafiz H. Sorial, George A. Patterson, Craig L. Speth, Thomas F. TI The Implications of Fe2O3 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Removal of Trichloroethylene by Activated Carbon in the Presence and Absence of Humic Acid SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; Granular activated carbon (GAC); Humic acid; Nanoparticles; Trichloroethylene ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; MINERAL PARTICLES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PORE-SIZE; WATER; NOM; AGGREGATION AB The impact of Fe2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) in a granular activated carbon (GAC)-fixed bed adsorber was investigated in the presence of humic acid (HA). The surface charges of GAC and NPs were obtained in the presence and absence of HA with the NPs behaving similarly. Isotherm and column studies were conducted in the presence and absence of the NPs and HA. NPs had no effect on TCE adsorption during isotherm studies. However, in the column studies conducted with organic-free water, the presence of NPs resulted in a reduction in TCE capacity most likely due to pore blockage by aggregating NPs. This effect was completely mitigated in the presence of HAs that prevented an association between the GAC and the NPs, and between NPs. The presence of HA provided a high negative charge on the GAC and on the nanoparticles resulting in repulsive forces between the GAC and the NPs, and between NPs, thereby preventing pore blockage. Both Fe2O3 and TiO2 NPs demonstrated that charge characteristics are more important than chemical characteristics. Pore-size distribution of the fresh and the spent GAC confirmed the adsorption data but points to some HA and NP interaction with the carbon. C1 [Salih, Hafiz H.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Engn Program, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Patterson, Craig L.; Speth, Thomas F.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Engn Program, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM salih.hafiz@epa.gov; george.sorial@uc.edu; patterson.craig@epa.gov; speth.thomas@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) to Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. [EP-C-04-034]; US Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Cincinnati [CR-8 3454201]; University of Cincinnati FX This work was partially supported under Contract No. EP-C-04-034 - Work Assignment No. 2-03 from the US Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) to Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. and by the Cooperative Agreement CR-8 3454201 between the US Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Cincinnati. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 226 IS 2 AR 4 DI 10.1007/s11270-014-2287-0 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA CA6NB UT WOS:000349029900021 ER PT J AU Korajkic, A Parfrey, LW McMinn, BR Baeza, YV VanTeuren, W Knight, R Shanks, OC AF Korajkic, Asja Parfrey, Laura Wegener McMinn, Brian R. Baeza, Yoshiki Vazquez VanTeuren, Will Knight, Rob Shanks, Orin C. TI Changes in bacterial and eukaryotic communities during sewage decomposition in Mississippi river water SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 16S rRNA gene community; 18S rRNA gene community; Microbial pollution; Fecal indicators; Sewage ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; RIBOSOMAL-RNA DIVERSITY; FRESH-WATER; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; FECAL BACTERIA; DIFFERENTIAL DECAY; GENETIC-MARKERS; FEEDING-HABITS; EUTROPHIC LAKE AB Microbial decay processes are one of the mechanisms whereby sewage contamination is reduced in the environment. This decomposition process involves a highly complex array of bacterial and eukaryotic communities from both sewage and ambient waters. However, relatively little is known about how these communities change due to mixing and subsequent decomposition of the sewage contaminant. We investigated decay of sewage in upper Mississippi River using Illumina sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA gene hypervariable regions and qPCR for human-associated and general fecal Bacteroidales indicators. Mixtures of primary treated sewage and river water were placed in dialysis bags and incubated in situ under ambient conditions for seven days. We assessed changes in microbial community composition under two treatments in a replicated factorial design: sunlight exposure versus shaded and presence versus absence of native river microbiota. Initial diversity was higher in sewage compared to river water for 16S sequences, but the reverse was observed for 18S sequences. Both treatments significantly shifted community composition for eukaryotes and bacteria (P < 0.05). Data indicated that the presence of native river microbiota, rather than exposure to sunlight, accounted for the majority of variation between treatments for both 16S (R = 0.50; P > 0.001) and 18S (R = 0.91; P = 0.001) communities. A comparison of 16S sequence data and fecal indicator qPCR measurements indicated that the latter was a good predictor of overall bacterial community change over time (rho: 0.804-0.814, P = 0.001). These findings suggest that biotic interactions, such as predation by bacterivorous protozoa, can be critical factors in the decomposition of sewage in freshwater habitats and support the use of Bacteroidales genetic markers as indicators of fecal pollution. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Korajkic, Asja; McMinn, Brian R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Parfrey, Laura Wegener; Baeza, Yoshiki Vazquez; VanTeuren, Will; Knight, Rob] Univ Colorado, Biofrontiers Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Knight, Rob] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Shanks.orin@epa.gov RI Knight, Rob/D-1299-2010 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and, do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 67 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 57 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 69 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.0003 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA CB3BQ UT WOS:000349503600004 PM 25463929 ER PT J AU Blair, A Hines, CJ Thomas, KW Alavanja, MCR Freeman, LEB Hoppin, JA Kamel, F Lynch, CF Lubin, JH Silverman, DT Whelan, E Zahm, SH Sandler, DP AF Blair, A. Hines, C. J. Thomas, K. W. Alavanja, M. C. R. Freeman, L. E. Beane Hoppin, J. A. Kamel, F. Lynch, C. F. Lubin, J. H. Silverman, D. T. Whelan, E. Zahm, S. H. Sandler, D. P. TI Investing in Prospective Cohorts for Etiologic Study of Occupational Exposures SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE prospective cohorts; agricultural exposures; occupational epidemiology ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; LICENSED PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMA; AGRICULTURAL RISK-FACTORS; BREAST-CANCER RISK; UNITED-STATES; PROSTATE-CANCER; DIESEL EXHAUST; IOWA FARMERS; LUNG-CANCER AB Prospective cohorts have played a major role in understanding the contribution of diet, physical activity, medical conditions, and genes to the development of many diseases, but have not been widely used for occupational exposures. Studies in agriculture are an exception. We draw upon our experience using this design to study agricultural workers to identify conditions that might foster use of prospective cohorts to study other occupational settings. Prospective cohort studies are perceived by many as the strongest epidemiologic design. It allows updating of information on exposure and other factors, collection of biologic samples before disease diagnosis for biomarker studies, assessment of effect modification by genes, lifestyle, and other occupational exposures, and evaluation of a wide range of health outcomes. Increased use of prospective cohorts would be beneficial in identifying hazardous exposures in the workplace. Occupational epidemiologists should seek opportunities to initiate prospective cohorts to investigate high priority, occupational exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:113-122, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Blair, A.; Alavanja, M. C. R.; Freeman, L. E. Beane; Lubin, J. H.; Silverman, D. T.; Zahm, S. H.] NCI, Div Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Hines, C. J.; Whelan, E.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Thomas, K. W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. [Hoppin, J. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kamel, F.; Sandler, D. P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lynch, C. F.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Blair, A (reprint author), NCI, 9609 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM blaira@mail.nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; Intramural NIH HHS NR 120 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1002/ajim.22403 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AZ9UW UT WOS:000348563100001 PM 25603935 ER PT J AU Garcia, E Sharma, S Pierce, M Bhatia, S Argao, ST Hoang, K Quach, T AF Garcia, Erika Sharma, Swati Pierce, Michelle Bhatia, Sushma Argao, Sania Tong Hoang, Kim Thu Quach TI Evaluating a County-Based Healthy Nail Salon Recognition Program SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE nail salons; exposure; occupational; toluene; methyl methacrylate; total volatile organic compounds ID PRENATAL PHTHALATE EXPOSURE; ANOGENITAL DISTANCE; MALE INFANTS; MANICURISTS AB ObjectivesThe City of San Francisco, California established a recognition program for nail salons that use safer nail products and receive worker safety training. This pilot study examined whether participating salons had reduced levels of toluene, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), and improved knowledge and behavior compared to control salons. MethodsWe conducted personal air monitoring and administered surveys assessing knowledge and behaviors of two workers from each of six intervention salons and five control salons. We conducted assessments before and after the worker training. ResultsAlthough non-significant, there was a reduction in toluene (-46% vs. 0%) and TVOC (-19% vs. +47%), but an increase in MMA (+113% and +72%) among intervention salons compared to control salons. Awareness of dibutyl phthalates in nail products increased (+55%) among intervention salons between surveys. ConclusionsA government-administered nail salon recognition program may reduce chemical exposures and increase work-related knowledge. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:193-202, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Garcia, Erika; Thu Quach] Canc Prevent Inst Calif, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Sharma, Swati; Pierce, Michelle; Bhatia, Sushma] San Francisco Dept Environm, San Francisco, CA USA. [Argao, Sania Tong] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hoang, Kim] US EPA, Air Div, San Francisco, CA USA. [Thu Quach] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Quach, T (reprint author), Canc Prevent Inst Calif, 2001 Ctr St,Suite 700, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM thu.quach@cpic.org FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Research and Development's Regional Applied Research Efforts (RARE) program [83528601] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement funded through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development's Regional Applied Research Efforts (RARE) program, which is administered via the Office of Science Policy (Grant Number 83528601) for the air monitoring portion of the study and by the San Francisco Department of Environment for the survey portion of the study. The study team would like to thank the California Healthy Nail Salon Collaborative, My Tong, Minhthu Le, Ebony Reid, Janelle Lee, Anya Deepak, Paula Chiu, Sharon Lin, and Roseanne Sakamoto. The team would also like to recognize San Francisco Supervisor David Chiu for championing the Nail Salon Recognition Ordinance and making this program possible. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.1002/ajim.22379 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AZ9UW UT WOS:000348563100007 PM 25603941 ER PT J AU Bal-Price, A Crofton, KM Leist, M Allen, S Arand, M Buetler, T Delrue, N FitzGerald, RE Hartung, T Heinonen, T Hogberg, H Bennekou, SH Lichtensteiger, W Oggier, D Paparella, M Axelstad, M Piersma, A Rached, E Schilter, B Schmuck, G Stoppini, L Tongiorgi, E Tiramani, M Monnet-Tschudi, F Wilks, MF Ylikomi, T Fritsche, E AF Bal-Price, Anna Crofton, Kevin M. Leist, Marcel Allen, Sandra Arand, Michael Buetler, Timo Delrue, Nathalie FitzGerald, Rex E. Hartung, Thomas Heinonen, Tuula Hogberg, Helena Bennekou, Susanne Hougaard Lichtensteiger, Walter Oggier, Daniela Paparella, Martin Axelstad, Marta Piersma, Aldert Rached, Eva Schilter, BenoIt Schmuck, Gabriele Stoppini, Luc Tongiorgi, Enrico Tiramani, Manuela Monnet-Tschudi, Florianne Wilks, Martin F. Ylikomi, Timo Fritsche, Ellen TI International STakeholder NETwork (ISTNET): creating a developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) testing road map for regulatory purposes SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical screening; Developmental neurotoxicity; Regulatory requirements; Adverse outcome pathway; Key event; Environmental hazard ID ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; BRAIN-CELL CULTURES; IN-VIVO HAZARD; OF-THE-ART; ON-A-CHIP; RISK-ASSESSMENT; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; ALTERNATIVE METHODS; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS AB A major problem in developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) risk assessment is the lack of toxicological hazard information for most compounds. Therefore, new approaches are being considered to provide adequate experimental data that allow regulatory decisions. This process requires a matching of regulatory needs on the one hand and the opportunities provided by new test systems and methods on the other hand. Alignment of academically and industrially driven assay development with regulatory needs in the field of DNT is a core mission of the International STakeholder NETwork (ISTNET) in DNT testing. The first meeting of ISTNET was held in Zurich on 23-24 January 2014 in order to explore the concept of adverse outcome pathway (AOP) to practical DNT testing. AOPs were considered promising tools to promote test systems development according to regulatory needs. Moreover, the AOP concept was identified as an important guiding principle to assemble predictive integrated testing strategies (ITSs) for DNT. The recommendations on a road map towards AOP-based DNT testing is considered a stepwise approach, operating initially with incomplete AOPs for compound grouping, and focussing on key events of neurodevelopment. Next steps to be considered in follow-up activities are the use of case studies to further apply the AOP concept in regulatory DNT testing, making use of AOP intersections (common key events) for economic development of screening assays, and addressing the transition from qualitative descriptions to quantitative network modelling. C1 [Bal-Price, Anna] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Syst Toxicol Unit,EURL ECVAM, I-21026 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, RTP, Washington, NC USA. [Leist, Marcel] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. [Allen, Sandra] Regulatory Sci Assoc, London, England. [Arand, Michael; Buetler, Timo] Univ Zurich, XeRR, Zurich, Switzerland. [Delrue, Nathalie] OECD, Paris, France. [FitzGerald, Rex E.; Wilks, Martin F.] Univ Basel, SCAHT, Basel, Switzerland. [Hartung, Thomas; Hogberg, Helena] Johns Hopkins Univ, CAAT, Baltimore, MD USA. [Heinonen, Tuula; Ylikomi, Timo] FICAM, Tampere, Finland. [Bennekou, Susanne Hougaard] Danish EPA, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lichtensteiger, Walter] Green Toxicol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Oggier, Daniela] Fed Off Publ Hlth, Bern, Switzerland. [Paparella, Martin] Environm Agcy, Vienna, Austria. [Axelstad, Marta] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Soborg, Denmark. [Piersma, Aldert] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Utrecht, Holland, Netherlands. [Rached, Eva] Harlan Labs, CRO, Itingen, Switzerland. [Schilter, BenoIt] Nestle Res Ctr, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Schmuck, Gabriele] Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany. [Stoppini, Luc] Univ Appl Sci Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland. [Tongiorgi, Enrico] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, Trieste, Italy. [Tiramani, Manuela] EFSA, Parma, Italy. [Monnet-Tschudi, Florianne] SCAHT, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Monnet-Tschudi, Florianne] Univ Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Fritsche, Ellen] IUF, Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Bal-Price, A (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Syst Toxicol Unit,EURL ECVAM, TP 580,Via Fermi 1, I-21026 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM anna.price@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; Arand, Michael/J-3926-2014; Wilks, Martin/N-2150-2014; Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Arand, Michael/0000-0003-2413-3177; Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693 FU EPAA (The European Partnership for Alternatives to Animal Testing); CAAT; SCAHT (Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology) FX The workshop was sponsored by EPAA (The European Partnership for Alternatives to Animal Testing), CAAT and SCAHT (Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology). NR 133 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 EI 1432-0738 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 89 IS 2 BP 269 EP 287 DI 10.1007/s00204-015-1464-2 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CA4ZR UT WOS:000348917100013 PM 25618548 ER PT J AU Gray, AB Pasternack, GB Watson, EB Warrick, JA Goni, MA AF Gray, Andrew B. Pasternack, Gregory B. Watson, Elizabeth B. Warrick, Jonathan A. Goni, Miguel A. TI The effect of El Nino Southern Oscillation cycles on the decadal scale suspended sediment behavior of a coastal dry-summer subtropical catchment SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE suspended sediment; long-term memory; El Nino Southern Oscillation; arid rivers; non-stationarity ID SMALL MOUNTAINOUS RIVERS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; TIME-SERIES; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; WORLDS RIVERS; TRANSPORT; BASIN; DISCHARGE; EROSION; EVENTS AB Rivers display temporal dependence in suspended sediment-water discharge relationships. Although most work has focused on multi-decadal trends, river sediment behavior often displays sub-decadal scale fluctuations that have received little attention. The objectives of this study were to identify inter-annual to decadal scale fluctuations in the suspended sediment-discharge relationship of a dry-summer subtropical river, infer the mechanisms behind these fluctuations, and examine the role of El Nino Southern Oscillation climate cycles. The Salinas River (California) is a moderate sized (11 000km(2)), coastal dry-summer subtropical catchment with a mean discharge (Q(mean)) of 11.6m(3)s(-1). This watershed is located at the northern most extent of the Pacific coastal North America region that experiences increased storm frequency during El Nino years. Event to inter-annual scale suspended sediment behavior in this system was known to be influenced by antecedent hydrologic conditions, whereby previous hydrologic activity regulates the suspended sediment concentration-water discharge relationship. Fine and sand suspended sediment in the lower Salinas River exhibited persistent, decadal scale periods of positive and negative discharge corrected concentrations. The decadal scale variability in suspended sediment behavior was influenced by inter-annual to decadal scale fluctuations in hydrologic characteristics, including: elapsed time since small (0.1xQ(mean)), and moderate (10xQ(mean)) threshold discharge values, the number of preceding days that low/no flow occurred, and annual water yield. El Nino climatic activity was found to have little effect on decadal-scale fluctuations in the fine suspended sediment-discharge relationship due to low or no effect on the frequency of moderate to low discharge magnitudes, annual precipitation, and water yield. However, sand concentrations generally increased in El Nino years due to the increased frequency of moderate to high magnitude discharge events, which generally increase sand supply. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Gray, Andrew B.; Pasternack, Gregory B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Watson, Elizabeth B.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Warrick, Jonathan A.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Goni, Miguel A.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gray, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abgray@ucdavis.edu RI Pasternack, Gregory/B-8619-2012 OI Pasternack, Gregory/0000-0002-1977-4175 FU National Science Foundation [0628385]; Hydrologic Sciences Graduate Group at the University of California at Davis; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [CA-D-LAW-7034-H] FX This research was funded largely by the National Science Foundation under award No. 0628385 and secondarily by the Hydrologic Sciences Graduate Group at the University of California at Davis. This project was also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project number #CA-D-LAW-7034-H. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. The authors thank Peter Barnes, Sarah Greve, Duyen Ho, Olivia Oseguera, Larissa Salaki, and the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve for laboratory and field assistance, and Rocko Brown for valuable discussion. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 40 IS 2 BP 272 EP 284 DI 10.1002/esp.3627 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CA4UX UT WOS:000348902200009 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, I Zorlu, O Walker, SL Haznedaroglu, BZ AF Chowdhury, Indranil Zorlu, Olgun Walker, Sharon L. Haznedaroglu, Berat Zeki TI Impact of Growth Phase and Natural Organic Matter on the Attachment Kinetics of Salmonella typhimurium to Solid Surfaces SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; natural organic matter; growth phase; adhesion ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; SECONDARY ENERGY MINIMUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; PLATE FLOW CHAMBER; POROUS-MEDIA; CELL-SURFACE; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; BIOFILM FORMATION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ADHESION KINETICS AB The impact of biological interactions on the transport and attachment of Salmonella typhimurium was investigated using cells grown to the mid- and late-exponential phases under a range of ionic strength (IS) conditions, ion valence (KCl vs. CaCl2), and the presence of natural organic matter (NOM). A parallel plate flow chamber was used for the observation of bacterial cell attachment kinetics onto a glass surface with an optical microscope. The physicochemical interactions occurring between the bacteria and surface, as well as the contribution of growth phase and NOM were evaluated. Results showed that none of the cells harvested at the mid- and late-exponential phases attached to glass surfaces at low IS condition (10(-3) M KCl), whereas maximum attachment was observed at high IS (10(-1) M KCl) for both growth phases. Meanwhile, the presence of NOM reduced the attachment of the Salmonella cells significantly under all conditions. Without NOM, attachment efficiencies (alpha) in KCl were similar at both growth phases; however, in the presence of the divalent ions, alpha decreased as the cells aged. In the presence of NOM, alpha was significantly lower at the late-exponential phase than the mid-exponential phase. Cellular characterization suggested that bacterial cell surface heterogeneity and functional groups due to growth phase is one of the primary contributors to the observed attachment trends, affected by both NOM and ion valence. These trends indicate the complex role of NOM in the fate and transport mechanisms of Salmonella, coupled with ion valence and growth phase. C1 [Chowdhury, Indranil] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Chowdhury, Indranil; Zorlu, Olgun; Walker, Sharon L.; Haznedaroglu, Berat Zeki] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Haznedaroglu, Berat Zeki] Bogazici Univ, Inst Environm Sci, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Haznedaroglu, BZ (reprint author), Bogazici Univ, Inst Environm Sci, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. EM berat.haznedaroglu@aya.yale.edu RI Haznedaroglu, Berat/A-6467-2011 OI Haznedaroglu, Berat/0000-0002-0081-8801 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture CSREES NRI [2007-35102-18262] FX The authors acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Agriculture CSREES NRI (#2007-35102-18262) program. The authors would like to thank Dr. David Cwiertny for providing assistance on natural organic matter. Furthermore, the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Samantha Begnoche and Dr. Ian Marcus in the data collection. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 25 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 32 IS 2 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1089/ees.2014.0265 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB0NE UT WOS:000349322300005 ER PT J AU Parks, AN Chandler, GT Ho, KT Burgess, RM Ferguson, PL AF Parks, Ashley N. Chandler, G. Thomas Ho, Kay T. Burgess, Robert M. Ferguson, P. Lee TI ENVIRONMENTAL BIODEGRADABILITY OF [C-14] SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES BY TRAMETES VERSICOLOR AND NATURAL MICROBIAL CULTURES FOUND IN NEW BEDFORD HARBOR SEDIMENT AND AERATED WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT SLUDGE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Biodegradation; Fungi; Aerated sewage sludge; New Bedford Harbor sediments ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; NANOMATERIALS; TOXICITY; C-60; NANOPARTICLES; ECOTOXICITY; DIFFERENTIATION; BIOACCUMULATION; INVERTEBRATES AB Little is known about environmental biodegradability or biotransformations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). Because of their strong association with aquatic organic matter, detailed knowledge of the ultimate fate and persistence of SWNT requires investigation of possible biotransformations (i.e., biodegradation) in environmental media. In the present study, [C-14]SWNT were utilized to track biodegradation over 6 mo by pure liquid culture of the fungus Trametes versicolor and mixed bacterial isolates from field-collected sediment or aerated wastewater treatment plant sludge. The mixed cultures were chosen as more environmentally relevant media where SWNT will likely be deposited under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Activity of [C-14] was assessed in solid, aqueous, and (CO2)-C-14 gaseous phases to determine amounts of intact SWNT, partially soluble SWNT degradation products, and mineralized SWNT, respectively, during the 6 mo of the experiment. Mass balances based on radiocarbon activity were approximately 100% over 6 mo, and no significant degradation of SWNT was observed. Approximately 99% of the [C-14] activity remained in the solid phase, 0.8% in the aqueous phase, and less than 0.1% was mineralized to (CO2)-C-14, regardless of culture type. These results suggest that SWNT are not readily biodegraded by pure fungal cultures or environmental microbial communities, and are likely persistent in environmental media. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;9999:1-5. (c) 2014 SETAC C1 [Parks, Ashley N.; Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Parks, Ashley N.; Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol, Durham, NC USA. [Parks, Ashley N.; Ho, Kay T.; Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Chandler, G. Thomas] Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Durham, NC USA. [Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Parks, AN (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM parks.ashley@epa.gov RI Ferguson, Lee/A-5501-2013 FU National Science Foundation (NSF); US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under the NSF [EF-0830093]; Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology; USEPA [RD833859, EP09D000098, EP11D000011] FX The present study was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under the NSF cooperative agreement EF-0830093, Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, as well as a grant from the USEPA to P. Lee Ferguson and G.Thomas Chandler (RD833859), and USEPA student services contracts (EP09D000098 and EP11D000011) to A.N. Parks. We thank T. Filley and T. Berry of Purdue University for sharing their culture of Trametes versicolor, R. Vilgalys of Duke University for sharing supplies and tools necessary for the liquid fungal cultures, A. McElroy for the use of her biological oxidizer, and A. Save, C. Leonetti, and K. Ralston-Hooper for their assistance during the experiment. Although the research described in the present study was supported in part by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the view of the Agency; no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 34 IS 2 BP 247 EP 251 DI 10.1002/etc.2791 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CA6BU UT WOS:000348994200004 PM 25352477 ER PT J AU Niemuth, NJ Jordan, R Crago, J Blanksma, C Johnson, R Klaper, RD AF Niemuth, Nicholas J. Jordan, Renee Crago, Jordan Blanksma, Chad Johnson, Rodney Klaper, Rebecca D. TI METFORMIN EXPOSURE AT ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT CONCENTRATIONS CAUSES POTENTIAL ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION IN ADULT MALE FISH SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Endocrine disruptors; Metformin; Pharmaceuticals; Contaminants of emerging concern; Reproductive toxicity ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAINBOW-TROUT; WASTE-WATER; PHARMACEUTICALS; METABOLISM; REPRODUCTION AB Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging contaminants that have been found ubiquitously in wastewater and surface waters around the world. A major source of these compounds is incomplete metabolism in humans and subsequent excretion in human waste, resulting in discharge into surface waters by wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. One pharmaceutical found in particularly high abundance in recent WWTP effluent and surface water studies is metformin, one of the world's most widely prescribed antidiabetic drugs. Interactions between insulin signaling and steroidogenesis suggest potential endocrine-disrupting effects of metformin found in the aquatic environment. Adult fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were chronically exposed to metformin for 4 wk, at 40 mu g/L, a level similar to the average found in WWTP effluent in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. Genetic endpoints related to metabolism and endocrine function as well as reproduction-related endpoints were examined. Metformin treatment induced significant up-regulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) encoding the egg-protein vitellogenin in male fish, an indication of endocrine disruption. The present study, the first to study the effects of environmentally relevant metformin exposure in fathead minnows, demonstrates the need for further study of the endocrine-disrupting effects of metformin in aquatic organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;9999:1-6. (c) 2014 The Authors. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. C1 [Niemuth, Nicholas J.; Jordan, Renee; Crago, Jordan; Klaper, Rebecca D.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Blanksma, Chad] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Res Participat Program, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Duluth, MN USA. [Johnson, Rodney] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. RP Klaper, RD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM rklaper@uwm.edu FU University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Freshwater Sciences FX The present study was conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Freshwater Sciences and the Great Lakes Genomics Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved animal care protocols. Support came from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Freshwater Sciences. Special thanks go to members of the Klaper laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee for help in experimental takedown. We also wish to thank the two reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 8 U2 65 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 34 IS 2 BP 291 EP 296 DI 10.1002/etc.2793 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CA6BU UT WOS:000348994200010 PM 25358780 ER PT J AU McCabe, GJ Hay, LE Bock, A Markstrom, SL Atkinson, RD AF McCabe, Gregory J. Hay, Lauren E. Bock, Andy Markstrom, Steven L. Atkinson, R. Dwight TI Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Potential evapotranspiration; Hamon; Water balance; Surface water hydrology ID WATER-BALANCE; CLIMATE; EVAPORATION; INDEX AB Monthly calibrated values of the Hamon PET coefficient (C) are determined for 109,951 hydrologic response units (HRUs) across the conterminous United States (U.S.). The calibrated coefficient values are determined by matching calculated mean monthly Hamon PET to mean monthly free-water surface evaporation. For most locations and months the calibrated coefficients are larger than the standard value reported by Hamon. The largest changes in the coefficients were for the late winter/early spring and fall months, whereas the smallest changes were for the summer months. Comparisons of PET computed using the standard value of C and computed using calibrated values of C indicate that for most of the conterminous U.S. PET is underestimated using the standard Hamon PET coefficient, except for the southeastern U.S. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McCabe, Gregory J.; Hay, Lauren E.; Bock, Andy; Markstrom, Steven L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Atkinson, R. Dwight] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP McCabe, GJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 412, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM gmccabe@usgs.gov FU U.S. Department of Interior South Central Climate Science Center; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water FX This research was partially financially supported by the U.S. Department of Interior South Central Climate Science Center and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 521 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.006 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA CA4MZ UT WOS:000348879900030 ER PT J AU Watson, EB Wigand, C Cencer, M Blount, K AF Watson, E. B. Wigand, C. Cencer, M. Blount, K. TI Inundation and precipitation effects on growth and flowering of the high marsh species Juncus gerardii SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Vegetation change; Dieback; Storms; Sea level rise ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; ENGLAND SALT-MARSH; ACCRETION; SALINITY; PATTERNS; DROUGHT; HABITAT; DIEBACK; EVENTS; US AB Accelerated sea level rise threatens coastal wetland plant communities where coastal development restricts transgression, and inundation increases and declining sediment supplies limit the capacity of coastal wetlands to build in elevation. Juncus gerardii Loisel., black needle rush, is a high latitude cosmopolitan plant species and, within salt marshes of the U.S. mid-Atlantic and New England coasts, it occupies a narrow belt along the marsh-upland border. Examination of historic aerial photography, vegetation resurveys, and peat composition analysis for U.S. Northeastern marshes have shown vegetation change patterns indicative of increased inundation, including decline of J. gerardii. To interpret loss patterns for J. gerardii in southern New England, we conducted a factorial experiment to establish its sensitivity to inundation and drought. A strong relationship was found between inundation and growth for J. gerardii, which together with marsh elevation and water level data, suggests that growth is reduced by current flooding patterns. Examination off. gerardii flowering also indicates that floret and inflorescence density vary with inundation, suggesting that negative impacts of sea level rise on Juncus may extend to seed production. Late spring and summer drought impacted neither J. gerardii growth nor its flowering, implying that J. gerardii is insensitive to below-average precipitation or drought during this time of year. We conclude that current inundation patterns are incompatible with robust growth fan. gerardii, and recommend conservation actions be focused on the marsh-upland border to facilitate the upslope migration off. gerardii and other transitional high marsh plant species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Watson, E. B.; Wigand, C.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Watson, E. B.] Drexel Univ, Earth & Environm Sci, Dept Biodivers, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Cencer, M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Blount, K.] Univ Oregon, Environm Studies Program, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Watson, EB (reprint author), US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM elizabeth.b.watson@gmail.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We acknowledge K. Kelly for assistance in maintaining the flow-through seawater system, A. Oczkowski for nutrient concentration and barologger data, J. Bishop and D. Vendettuoli for field and laboratory assistance, and W. Ferguson, M. Cole Eckberg, and K. Raposa for helpful discussions. The Narragansett Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve provided access to Prudence Island, field equipment and logistical support, and W. Berry, R. Johnson, and G. Cicchetti provided helpful input on an earlier version of this manuscript. This report is tracking number ORD-008562 of the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division. Although the information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 121 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.10.012 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AZ5LS UT WOS:000348263100008 ER PT J AU Bean, HD Pleil, JD Hill, JE AF Bean, Heather D. Pleil, Joachim D. Hill, Jane E. TI Editorial: New analytical and statistical approaches for interpreting the relationships among environmental stressors and biomarkers SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Breath analysis; chemical carcinogenesis; environmental; pollution/ecotoxicology; heavy metal toxicity; pesticide exposure ID BIOMONITORING DATA; EXPOSURE AB The broad topic of biomarker research has an often-overlooked component: the documentation and interpretation of the surrounding chemical environment and other meta-data, especially from visualization, analytical and statistical perspectives. A second concern is how the environment interacts with human systems biology, what the variability is in "normal'' subjects, and how such biological observations might be reconstructed to infer external stressors. In this article, we report on recent research presentations from a symposium at the 248th American Chemical Society meeting held in San Francisco, 10-14 August 2014, that focused on providing some insight into these important issues. C1 [Bean, Heather D.; Hill, Jane E.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 21 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X EI 1366-5804 J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD FEB PY 2015 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2014.985254 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA AZ7AC UT WOS:000348369500002 PM 25444302 ER PT J AU Stiegel, MA Pleil, JD Sobus, JR Morgan, MK Madden, MC AF Stiegel, Matthew A. Pleil, Joachim D. Sobus, Jon R. Morgan, Marsha K. Madden, Michael C. TI Analysis of inflammatory cytokines in human blood, breath condensate, and urine using a multiplex immunoassay platform SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article DE Breath analysis; cytokines; ecotoxicology; environmental pollution; growth factors; immunotoxicity; inflammatory mediators ID NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; BIOMONITORING DATA; HUMAN EXPOSOME; AIR-POLLUTION; TERM EXPOSURE; BIOMARKERS; PROFILES; SUSTAINABILITY; SENSITIVITY; PERFORMANCE AB A change in the expression of cytokines in human biological media indicates an inflammatory response to external stressors and reflects an early step along the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for various health endpoints. To characterize and interpret this inflammatory response, methodology was developed for measuring a suite of 10 different cytokines in human blood, exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and urine using an electrochemiluminescent multiplex Th1/Th2 cytokine immunoassay platform. Measurement distributions and correlations for eight interleukins (IL) (1b, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12p70 and 13), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha) were evaluated using 90 blood plasma, 77 EBC, and 400 urine samples collected from nominally healthy adults subjects in North Carolina in 2008-2012. The in vivo results show that there is sufficient sensitivity for characterizing all 10 cytokines at levels of 0.05-0.10 rho g/ml with a dynamic range up to 100 ng/ml across all three of these biological media. The measured in vivo results also show that the duplicate analysis of blood, EBC and urine samples have average estimated fold ranges of 2.21, 3.49, and 2.50, respectively, which are similar to the mean estimated fold range (2.88) for the lowest concentration (0.610 rho g/ml) from a series of spiked control samples; the cytokine method can be used for all three biological media. Nine out of the 10 cytokines measured in EBC were highly correlated within one another with Spearman rho coefficients ranging from 0.679 to 0.852, while the cytokines measured in blood had a mix of negative and positive correlations, ranging from -0.620 to 0.836. Almost all correlations between EBC and blood were positive. This work also represents the first successful within-and between-person evaluation of ultra trace-level inflammatory markers in blood, EBC, and urine. C1 [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pleil, Joachim D.; Sobus, Jon R.; Morgan, Marsha K.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Madden, Michael C.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov; sobus.jon@epa.gov NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 26 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X EI 1366-5804 J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD FEB PY 2015 VL 20 IS 1 BP 35 EP 46 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2014.988646 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA AZ7AC UT WOS:000348369500006 PM 25495125 ER PT J AU Cekartova, M Fernando, RI Siriwardhana, N Sukhthankar, M de la Parra, C Woraratphoka, J Malone, C Strom, A Baekd, SJ Wadef, PA Saxton, AM Donnell, RM Pestell, RG Dharmawardhane, S Wimalasena, J AF Cekartova, Maria Fernando, Romaine I. Siriwardhana, Nalin Sukhthankar, Mugdha de la Parra, Columba Woraratphoka, Jirayus Malone, Christine Stroem, Anders Baekd, Seung J. Wadef, Paul A. Saxton, Arnold M. Donnell, Robert M. Pestell, Richard G. Dharmawardhane, Suranganie Wimalasena, Jay TI BCL-2 family protein, BAD is down-regulated in breast cancer and inhibits cell invasion SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BAD; Extracellular matrix invasion; Breast cancer; Metastasis ID CYCLIN D1; MITOCHONDRIAL-MEMBRANES; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; PROGNOSTIC MARKER; PROAPOPTOTIC BAD; INDUCE APOPTOSIS; CARCINOMA-CELLS; COLON CANCERS; KAPPA-B AB We have previously demonstrated that the anti-apoptotic protein BAD is expressed in normal human breast tissue and shown that BAD inhibits expression of cyclin D1 to delay cell-cycle progression in breast cancer cells. Herein, expression of proteins in breast tissues was studied by immunohistochemistry and results were analyzed statistically to obtain semi-quantitative data. Biochemical and functional changes in BAD-overexpressing MCF7 breast cancer cells were evaluated using PCR, reporter assays, western blotting, ELISA and extracellular matrix invasion assays. Compared to normal tissues, Grade II breast cancers expressed low total/phosphorylated forms of BAD in both cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. BAD overexpression decreased the expression of beta-catenin, Sp1, and phosphorylation of STATs. BAD inhibited Ras/MEK/ERK and JNK signaling pathways, without affecting the p38 signaling pathway. Expression of the metastasis-related proteins, MMP10, VEGF, SNAIL, CXCR4, E-cadherin and TIMP2 was regulated by BAD with concomitant inhibition of extracellular matrix invasion. Inhibition of BAD by siRNA increased invasion and Akt/p-Akt levels. Clinical data and the results herein suggest that in addition to the effect on apoptosis, BAD conveys anti-metastatic effects and is a valuable prognostic marker in breast cancer. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cekartova, Maria] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fernando, Romaine I.; Woraratphoka, Jirayus; Wimalasena, Jay] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Grad Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Siriwardhana, Nalin; Saxton, Arnold M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Sukhthankar, Mugdha; Baekd, Seung J.; Donnell, Robert M.] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed & Diagnost Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [de la Parra, Columba; Dharmawardhane, Suranganie] Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Malone, Christine; Wadef, Paul A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Stroem, Anders] Univ Houston, Ctr Nucl Receptors & Cell Signaling, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX USA. [Pestell, Richard G.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Sidney Kimmel Canc Ctr, Dept Canc Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Cekartova, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mcekanov@utk.edu; jwimalas@gmail.com OI Cekanova, Maria/0000-0002-9651-1619; Donnell, Robert L./0000-0002-6778-954X FU NIH, USA Grant [R01CA84048]; University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Physician's Medical Education and Research Foundation [R084025002, R181721242] FX This work was supported partially by NIH, USA Grant (R01CA84048, PI: Wimalasena), and two grants by the University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Physician's Medical Education and Research Foundation (R084025002, PI: Wimalasena, and R181721242, PI: Cekanova). Dr. Jay Wimalasena is thankful to undergraduate students of UT: Erica Smith, Rhett Layman, and Blair Tatge for their technical assistance. NR 71 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 EI 1090-2422 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 331 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.11.016 PG 10 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA CA0UK UT WOS:000348631600001 PM 25499972 ER PT J AU Brown, RA Borst, M AF Brown, Robert A. Borst, Michael TI Evaluation of Surface and Subsurface Processes in Permeable Pavement Infiltration Trenches SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Permeable pavement; Clogging; Pressure transducer; Stormwater control measure; SCM; Green infrastructure; Long-term performance; Infiltration ID STORM-WATER; LOW IMPACT; SYSTEMS; BIORETENTION; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE AB The hydrologic performance of permeable pavement systems can be affected by clogging at the pavement surface and/or clogging at the interface where the subsurface storage layer meets the underlying soil. The objective of this paper was to evaluate changes in infiltration and exfiltration using three pressure transducers installed in piezometers along the length of two, 2.47-m wide, permeable pavement strips. Each system was retrofitted in the parking lane of a curb-and-gutter system in Louisville, Kentucky. The strips received run-on from a drainage area about 20-25 times larger than the paver area. Below each permeable pavement strip (16.8-m and 36.6-m long) was a deep (3.0 m) and narrow (0.6 m) infiltration trench. Piezometers were installed at the bottom of the trench about 1 m from the uphill edge, and at roughly one-third and two-thirds along the permeable paver strips, to measure the rise and fall of water for 13 months. Initially, infiltrating run-on was localized near the uphill edge. During periods with intense runoff, the localized inflow accumulated in the trench faster than it could move laterally creating a measureable subsurface gradient between piezometers. Runoff transported solids to the uphill edge where a portion was filtered and accumulated between the paver blocks. With time, surface clogging progressed along the paver strip past the next piezometer. The localized infiltration caused the subsurface water level gradient between piezometers to reverse. After each event, the exfiltration rate per wetted surface area was calculated for fixed 0.15-m intervals. The exfiltration rate decreased drastically after the first few events. The primary cause of the initial exfiltration rate decline was attributed to infiltrating water rinsing the fine solids attached to the washed aggregate and depositing them at the bottom of the trench. Silt and clay-sized particles (particle size smaller than 75 mu m) accounted for about 1.7-1.8% of the washed aggregate mass. This large source of fine-grained particles from construction materials can be eliminated if cleaner aggregate is available and used. A continued and significant decrease in exfiltration rate with age was measured during year 1 of use. To optimize the design of these systems, a lifecycle analysis incorporating exfiltration rate decline with age should be included. Another item to consider during the design process is the variability of urban soils. Although these sites are across the street from one another, exfiltration rates were markedly different. Installation should be targeted in soils with larger hydraulic conductivities to improve hydrologic performance, so more preconstruction soil borings and soil tests are necessary to characterize the in situ soils. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Brown, Robert A.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Borst, Michael] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Brown, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS 104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM Brown.Robert-A@epa.gov; borst.mike@epa.gov FU Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX The research reported in this paper is the result of a collaborative effort among many parties. It was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. DOE and U.S. EPA. The writers would like to thank the following parties for their assistance with this project: (1) Louisville and Jefferson County MSD, (2) URS Corporation, (3) University of Louisville Center for Infrastructure Research, and (4) PARS Environmental. The writers would also like to thank Amirhossein Ehsaei, Hamidreza Kazemi, and Joshua Rivard at the CIR for conducting surface infiltration measurements, and providing field assessment documentation. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 52 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 20 IS 2 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001016 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AZ1ZN UT WOS:000348034000007 ER PT J AU Govindaraju, RS McCuen, RH Hantush, MM AF Govindaraju, R. S. McCuen, R. H. Hantush, M. M. TI Publishing in the Journal of Hydrologic Engineering (Retracted article. See vol. 20, pg. 15002, 2015) SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Govindaraju, R. S.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCuen, R. H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hantush, M. M.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP McCuen, RH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM rhmccuen@eng.umd.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 20 IS 2 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001128 PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AZ1ZN UT WOS:000348034000001 ER PT J AU Armstrong, BM Lazorchak, JM Murphy, CA Haring, HJ Jensen, KM Smith, ME AF Armstrong, Brandon M. Lazorchak, James M. Murphy, Cheryl A. Haring, Herman J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Smith, Mark E. TI Determining the effects of a mixture of an endocrine disrupting compound, 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol, and ammonia on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) reproduction SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Ammonia; Ethinylestradiol; Mixture; Mortality; Fecundity; Promelas ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANT; FRESH-WATER FISH; SYNTHETIC ESTROGEN; CHRONIC TOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; LIFE-CYCLE; EXPOSURE; VITELLOGENIN; POPULATION; STRESSORS AB Aquatic organisms are exposed to a multitude of contaminants and to fully understand the impact of multiple stressors on fish populations, we must first understand the mechanism of action for each toxicant and how the combined effects manifest at the level of the individual. 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) has been known to cause adverse reproductive effects including reduced fecundity and fertility, intersex and skewed sex ratios in fish by mimicking naturally produced estrogen at low concentrations. Ammonia can cause adverse reproductive and mortality effects in individual fish through effects or damage to the central nervous system. Both EE2 and ammonia are found in most municipal effluents in various concentrations. A flow-through diluter system was used to test the individual effects of these two contaminants at their respective no observable adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) as well as their combined effects on fathead minnow, (Pimephales promelas) reproduction in a mixture exposure. While neither contaminant nor their mixture altered reproduction in terms of fecundity, their mixture resulted in significant fathead minnow mortality during a 21 d exposure. This study demonstrated the need to consider mixture effects when assessing risk for toxicity testing with multiple stressors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Armstrong, Brandon M.; Murphy, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Murphy, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Haring, Herman J.; Smith, Mark E.] US EPA, McConnell Grp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jensen, Kathleen M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 49 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2015 VL 120 BP 108 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.049 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1MN UT WOS:000348003200015 PM 25014901 ER PT J AU Warren, SH Claxton, LD Diliberto, J Hughes, TJ Swank, A Kusnierz, DH Marshall, V DeMarini, DM AF Warren, Sarah H. Claxton, Larry D. Diliberto, Janet Hughes, Thomas J. Swank, Adam Kusnierz, Daniel H. Marshall, Valerie DeMarini, David M. TI Survey of the mutagenicity of surface water, sediments, and drinking water from the Penobscot Indian Nation SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Mutagenicity; River sediments; Drinking water; River water ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY; BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; RIVER WATER; GENOTOXICITY; ASSAY; CARCINOGENICITY; HAZARDS; AREAS; TESTS AB U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE) projects address the effects of environmental pollutants in a particular region on the health of the population in that region. This report is part of a RARE project that addresses this for the Penobscot Indian Nation (PIN), Penobscot Island, Maine, U.S., where the Penobscot River has had fish advisories for many years due to high levels of mercury. We used the Salmonella mutagenicity assay with strains TA100, TA98, YG1041, and YG1042 with and without metabolic activation to assess the mutagenic potencies of organic extracts of the Penobscot River water and sediment, as well as drinking-water samples, all collected by the PIN Department of Natural Resources. The source water for the PIN drinking water is gravel-packed groundwater wells adjacent to the Penobscot River. Most samples of all extracts were either not mutagenic or had low to moderate mutagenic potencies. The average mutagenic potencies (revertants/L-equivalent) were 337 for the drinking-water extracts and 177 for the river-water extracts; the average mutagenic potency for the river-sediment extracts was 244 revertants (g-equivalent)(-1). This part of the RARE project showed that extracts of the Penobscot River water and sediments and Penobscot drinking water have little to no mutagenic activity that might be due to the classes of compounds that the Salmonella mutagenicity assay detects, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs (nitroarenes), and aromatic amines. This study is the first to examine the mutagenicity of environmental samples from a tribal nation in the U.S. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Warren, Sarah H.; Claxton, Larry D.; Diliberto, Janet; Hughes, Thomas J.; Swank, Adam; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kusnierz, Daniel H.] Penobscot Indian Nation, Dept Nat Resources, Indian Isl, ME 04468 USA. [Marshall, Valerie] US EPA, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, B105-3, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov OI Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583 FU Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX From the U.S. EPA in RTP, NC, we thank Barbara Collins for Quality Assurance oversight and general support, Peggy Matthews for technical support, and Virginia Houk and Andrew Kligerman for helpful comments on this manuscript. We also thank Robert Hilger, U.S. EPA Region 1, Boston, MA, for his leadership of the RARE project, of which this is a part. We also thank Linda S. Birnbaum, now at the NIEHS, for her leadership while at the U.S. EPA, RTP at the inception of this project. This project was funded by the intramural research program of the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2015 VL 120 BP 690 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1MN UT WOS:000348003200094 PM 25462314 ER PT J AU Gallagher, SS Rice, GE Scarano, LJ Teuschler, LK Bollweg, G Martin, L AF Gallagher, Sarah S. Rice, Glenn E. Scarano, Louis J. Teuschler, Linda K. Bollweg, George Martin, Lawrence TI Cumulative risk assessment lessons learned: A review of case studies and issue papers SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE Cumulative risk assessment; Vulnerability; Stakeholder involvement; Tiered approach; Chemical mixture; Multiroute exposure ID BIOMARKERS; STRESSORS; CHEMICALS; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE AB Cumulative risk assessments (CRAs) examine potential risks posed by exposure to multiple and sometimes disparate environmental stressors. CRAs are more resource intensive than single chemical assessments, and pose additional challenges and sources of uncertainty. CRAs may examine the impact of several factors on risk, including exposure magnitude and timing, chemical mixture composition, as well as physical, biological, or psychosocial stressors. CRAs are meant to increase the relevance of risk assessments, providing decision makers with information based on real world exposure scenarios that improve the characterization of actual risks and hazards. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has evaluated a number of CRAs, performed by or commissioned for the Agency, to seek insight into CRA concepts, methods, and lessons learned. In this article, ten case studies and five issue papers on key CRA topics are examined and a set of lessons learned are identified for CRA implementation. The lessons address the iterative nature of CRAs, importance of considering vulnerability, need for stakeholder engagement, value of a tiered approach, new methods to assess multiroute exposures to chemical mixtures, and the impact of geographical scale on approach and purpose. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gallagher, Sarah S.; Martin, Lawrence] US EPA, Off Sci Advisor, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Rice, Glenn E.; Teuschler, Linda K.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Scarano, Louis J.] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bollweg, George] US EPA, Reg Air & Radiat Div 5, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Gallagher, SS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Solid Waste & Emergency Response, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gallagher.sarah@epa.gov OI Martin, Lawrence/0000-0001-5797-4146 FU Science and Technology Policy Fellowship from the American Association for the Advancement of Science - United States FX Sarah Gallagher was supported by a Science and Technology Policy Fellowship from the American Association for the Advancement of Science - United States. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2015 VL 120 BP 697 EP 705 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.030 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1MN UT WOS:000348003200095 PM 25462315 ER PT J AU Carll, AP Haykal-Coates, N Winsett, DW Hazari, MS Ledbetter, AD Richards, JH Cascio, WE Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Carll, Alex P. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Winsett, Darrell W. Hazari, Mehdi S. Ledbetter, Allen D. Richards, Judy H. Cascio, Wayne E. Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI Cardiomyopathy confers susceptibility to particulate matter-induced oxidative stress, vagal dominance, arrhythmia and pulmonary inflammation in heart failure-prone rats SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; arrhythmia; autonomic; cardiovascular; electrocardiography; heart rate variability; particulate matter; rats ID DIESEL EXHAUST INHALATION; ISOPROTERENOL-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; OIL FLY-ASH; AIR-POLLUTION; RATE-VARIABILITY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; CARDIOPULMONARY INJURY; RESPIRATORY-DISEASES AB Acute exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is tied to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, especially among those with prior cardiac injury. The mechanisms and pathophysiological events precipitating these outcomes remain poorly understood but may involve inflammation, oxidative stress, arrhythmia and autonomic nervous system imbalance. Cardiomyopathy results from cardiac injury, is the leading cause of heart failure, and can be induced in heart failure-prone rats through sub-chronic infusion of isoproterenol (ISO). To test whether cardiomyopathy confers susceptibility to inhaled PM2.5 and can elucidate potential mechanisms, we investigated the cardiophysiologic, ventilatory, inflammatory and oxidative effects of a single nose-only inhalation of a metal-rich PM2.5 (580 mu g/m(3), 4 h) in ISO-pretreated (35 days similar to 1.0 mg/kg/day sc) rats. During the 5 days post-treatment, ISO-treated rats had decreased HR and BP and increased pre-ejection period (PEP, an inverse correlate of contractility) relative to saline-treated rats. Before inhalation exposure, ISO-pretreated rats had increased PR and ventricular repolarization time (QT) and heterogeneity (Tp-Te). Relative to clean air, PM2.5 further prolonged PR-interval and decreased systolic BP during inhalation exposure; increased tidal volume, expiratory time, heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of parasympathetic tone and atrioventricular block arrhythmias over the hours post-exposure; increased pulmonary neutrophils, macrophages and total antioxidant status one day postexposure; and decreased pulmonary glutathione peroxidase 8 weeks after exposure, with all effects occurring exclusively in ISO-pretreated rats but not saline-pretreated rats. Ultimately, our findings indicate that cardiomyopathy confers susceptibility to the oxidative, inflammatory, ventilatory, autonomic and arrhythmogenic effects of acute PM2.5 inhalation. C1 [Carll, Alex P.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Carll, Alex P.; Haykal-Coates, Najwa; Winsett, Darrell W.; Hazari, Mehdi S.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Richards, Judy H.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Farraj, Aimen K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Carll, Alex P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Costa, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Mail Code B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov OI Carll, Alex/0000-0003-1832-3070 FU U.S. EPA / UNC Toxicology [CR83515201-0]; EPA-NHEERL / UNC-DESE Cooperative Training in Environmental Sciences Research [CR83323601]; NIH [HL007118] FX The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. This paper has been reviewed and approved for release by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was supported by U.S. EPA / UNC Toxicology Training Agreement (CR83515201-0), EPA-NHEERL / UNC-DESE Cooperative Training in Environmental Sciences & Research (CR83323601), and the NIH (HL007118). NR 55 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 27 IS 2 BP 100 EP 112 DI 10.3109/08958378.2014.995387 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AZ3QR UT WOS:000348142300002 PM 25600220 ER PT J AU Stueve, KM Hollenhorst, TP Kelly, JR Johnson, LB Host, GE AF Stueve, Kirk M. Hollenhorst, Tom P. Kelly, John R. Johnson, Lucinda B. Host, George E. TI High-resolution maps of forest-urban watersheds present an opportunity for ecologists and managers SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aerial photography; LiDAR; Green infrastructure; Impervious surfaces; Object-based image analysis; Scaling ID REMOTE-SENSING DATA; GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE; LAND-COVER; LIDAR DATA; LANDSCAPE; ACCURACY; AREAS; CLASSIFICATION; IMAGERY; PATTERN AB Green infrastructure may improve water quality and mitigate flooding in forest-urban watersheds, but reliably quantifying all benefits is challenging because most land cover maps depend on moderate- to low-resolution data. Complex and spatially heterogeneous landscapes that typify forest-urban watersheds are not fully represented with these types of data. Hence important questions concerning how green infrastructure influences water quality and quantity at different spatial scales remain unanswered. Demonstrate the feasibility of creating novel high-resolution land cover maps across entire watersheds and highlight deficiencies of standard land cover products. We used object-based image analysis (OBIA) to create high-resolution (0.5 m) land cover maps and detect tree canopy overlapping impervious surfaces for a representative forest-urban watershed in Duluth, MN, USA. Unbiased estimates of accuracy and area were calculated and compared with similar metrics for the 30-m National Land Cover Database (NLCD). Mapping accuracies for the high-resolution land cover and canopy overlap maps were similar to 90 %. Error-adjusted estimates of area indicated that impervious surfaces comprised similar to 21 % of the watershed, tree canopy overlapped similar to 10 % of impervious surfaces, and that three high-resolution land cover classes differed significantly from similar NLCD classes. OBIA can efficiently generate high-resolution land cover products of entire watersheds that are appropriate for research and inclusion in the decision-making process of managers. Metrics derived from these products will likely differ from standard land cover maps and may produce new insights, especially when considering the unprecedented opportunity to evaluate fine-scale spatial heterogeneity across watersheds. C1 [Stueve, Kirk M.; Johnson, Lucinda B.; Host, George E.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Hollenhorst, Tom P.; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Stueve, KM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. EM kstueve@biogeography.us FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Mid-Continent Ecology Division; Department of Biology at the University of Minnesota Duluth; US Environmental Protection Agency FX We are especially grateful for funding and support from the cooperative agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency's Mid-Continent Ecology Division and the Department of Biology at the University of Minnesota Duluth. Although the research described in the article has been funded partly by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to any EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Richard Bunten and the City of Duluth provided access to high-resolution aerial photography that was used in our analysis. Paul Meysembourg and Richard Axler from the Natural Resources Research Institute at the University of Minnesota Duluth also delivered technical support and advice throughout various stages of the Project. This is contribution number 580 from the Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 30 IS 2 BP 313 EP 323 DI 10.1007/s10980-014-0127-7 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA AZ3ML UT WOS:000348131500010 ER PT J AU Becker, DA Wood, PB Strager, MP Mazzarella, C AF Becker, Douglas A. Wood, Petra B. Strager, Michael P. Mazzarella, Christine TI Impacts of mountaintop mining on terrestrial ecosystem integrity: identifying landscape thresholds for avian species in the central Appalachians, United States SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Forest fragmentation and management; TITAN; Avian landscape response; Surface mining; Community thresholds; Species-specific change points ID CERULEAN WARBLER ABUNDANCE; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SURFACE MINES; HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS; CUMBERLAND MOUNTAINS; DENDROICA-CERULEA; SATELLITE IMAGERY; WATER-QUALITY; FORESTS; RECLAMATION AB Mountaintop removal/valley fill (MTR/VF) mining in the central Appalachians is a major driver of landscape change within terrestrial ecosystems. We quantified avian community and individual taxa thresholds in response to changing landscapes from MTR/VF using a Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis approach. We conducted 50-m fixed radius avian surveys (n = 707) within forest adjacent to mine lands in 2012-2013 and obtained data for additional surveys (n = 905) sampled using comparable methods during 2008-2013. We quantified positive and negative community, habitat guild, and species thresholds in abundance and occurrence for each of five landscape metrics within a 1-km radius of each survey point. Reclaimed mine-dominated landscapes (less forest and more grassland/shrubland cover) elicited more negative (57 %) than positive (39 %) species responses. Negative thresholds for each landscape metric generally occurred at lower values than positive thresholds, thus negatively responding species were detrimentally affected before positively responding species benefitted. Forest interior birds generally responded negatively to landscape metric thresholds, interior edge species responses were mixed, and early successional birds responded positively. The forest interior guild declined most at 4 % forest loss, while the shrubland guild increased greatest after 52 % loss. Based on random forest importance ranks, total amount of landscape grassland/shrubland had the most influence, although this varied by guild. Because of little overlap in habitat requirements, managing landscapes simultaneously to maximally benefit both guilds may not be possible. Our avian thresholds identify single community management targets accounting for scarce species. Guild or individual species thresholds allow for species-specific management. C1 [Becker, Douglas A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wood, Petra B.] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Strager, Michael P.] W Virginia Univ, Div Resource Management, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Mazzarella, Christine] US Environm Protect Agcy, Reg Environm Assessment & Innovat Div 3, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. RP Becker, DA (reprint author), Kutztown State Univ, Dept Biol, 245 Boehm, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. EM dbecker@kutztown.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for project funding. Jackie Strager and Aaron Maxwell provided invaluable help in creating the land-cover layers and deriving landscape metrics. Ryan King provided assistance with use and interpretation of TITAN. Ryan King, Ruthe Smith, and Jim Wickham provided comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Finally, we thank all the sources who provided additional data for use in our analyses including the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, the USFS Daniel Boone National Forest, the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife, Jeremy Mizel, Molly McDermott, and Matthew Shumar. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 30 IS 2 BP 339 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s10980-014-0134-8 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA AZ3ML UT WOS:000348131500012 ER PT J AU Ayotte, JD Belaval, M Olson, SA Burow, KR Flanagan, SM Hinkle, SR Lindsey, BD AF Ayotte, Joseph D. Belaval, Marcel Olson, Scott A. Burow, Karen R. Flanagan, Sarah M. Hinkle, Stephen R. Lindsey, Bruce D. TI Factors affecting temporal variability of arsenic in groundwater used for drinking water supply in the United States SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Temporal variability; Groundwater; Water-supply wells; Geochemistry; Season ID WELL WATER; SEASONAL-VARIATION; BLADDER-CANCER; NEW-ENGLAND; AQUIFER; USA; CONTAMINATION; BANGLADESH; ARAIHAZAR; RELEASE AB The occurrence of arsenic in groundwater is a recognized environmental hazard with worldwide importance and much effort has been focused on surveying and predicting where arsenic occurs. Temporal variability is one aspect of this environmental hazard that has until recently received less attention than other aspects. For this study, we analyzed 1245 wells with two samples per well. We suggest that temporal variability, often reported as affecting very few wells, is perhaps a larger issue than it appears and has been overshadowed by datasets with large numbers of non-detect data. Although there was only a slight difference in arsenic concentration variability among samples from public and private wells (p = 0,0452), the range of variability was larger for public than for private wells. Further, we relate the variability we see to geochemical factors primarily variability in redox but also variability in major-ion chemistry. We also show that in New England there is a weak but statistically significant indication that seasonality may have an effect on concentrations, whereby concentrations in the first two quarters of the year (January-June) are significantly lower than in the second two quarters (July-December) (p < 0.0001). In the Central Valley of California, the relation of arsenic concentration to season was not statistically significant (p = 0.4169). In New England, these changes appear to follow groundwater levels. It is possible that this difference in arsenic concentrations is related to groundwater level changes, pumping stresses, evapotranspiration effects, or perhaps mixing of more oxidizing, lower pH recharge water in wetter months. Focusing on the understanding the geochemical conditions in aquifers where arsenic concentrations are concerns and causes of geochemical changes in the groundwater environment may lead to a better understanding of where and by how much arsenic will vary over time. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ayotte, Joseph D.; Olson, Scott A.; Flanagan, Sarah M.] US Geol Survey, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. [Belaval, Marcel] US EPA, Boston, MA USA. [Burow, Karen R.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. [Hinkle, Stephen R.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR USA. [Lindsey, Bruce D.] US Geol Survey, New Cumberland, PA USA. RP Ayotte, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 331 Commerce Way, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. EM jayotte@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment program; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment program and by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The findings and conclusions in this report do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors thank the State agencies and private citizens that provided data and (or) access to their wells for this and previous studies and Michele Daley at the University of New Hampshire for providing data for the Lamprey River basin domestic wells. We also thank Michael Rupert of the USGS and the other reviewers for their input to this manuscript. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 505 BP 1370 EP 1379 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.057 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY6CJ UT WOS:000347654900138 PM 24650751 ER PT J AU Lunetta, RS Schaeffer, BA Stumpf, RP Keith, D Jacobs, SA Murphy, MS AF Lunetta, Ross S. Schaeffer, Blake A. Stumpf, Richard P. Keith, Darryl Jacobs, Scott A. Murphy, Mark S. TI Evaluation of cyanobacteria cell count detection derived from MERIS imagery across the eastern USA SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Cyanobacteria monitoring; Harmful algal blooms; Algorithm validation; MERIS; Sentinel-3; Water quality ID SURFACE SCUMS; ALGAL BLOOMS; GREAT-LAKES; BALTIC SEA; WATER; PHYCOCYANIN; INLAND; EUTROPHICATION; VARIABILITY; ALGORITHMS AB Inland waters across the United States (US) are at potential risk for increased outbreaks of toxic cyanobacteria blooms events resulting from elevated water temperatures and extreme hydrologic events attributable to climate change and increased nutrient loadings associated with intensive agricultural practices. Current monitoring efforts are limited in scope due to resource limitations, analytical complexity, and data integration efforts. The goals of this study were to validate an algorithm for satellite imagery that could potentially be used to monitor surface cyanobacteria events in near real-time to provide a compressive monitoring capability for freshwater lakes (>100 ha). The algorithm incorporated narrow spectral bands specific to the European Space Agency's (ESA's) MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) instrument that were optimally oriented at phytoplankton pigment absorption features including phycocyanm at 620 nm. A validation of derived cyanobacteria cell counts was performed using available in situ data assembled from existing monitoring programs across eight states in the eastern US over a 39-month period (2009-2012). Results indicated that MERIS provided robust estimates for low (10,000-109,000 cells/mL) and very high (>1,000,000 cells/mL) cell enumeration ranges (approximately 90% and 83%, respectively). However, the results for two intermediate ranges (110,000-299,000 and 300,000-1,000,000 cells/mL) were substandard, at approximately 28% and 40%, respectively. The confusion associated with intermediate cyanobacteria cell count ranges was largely attributed to the lack of available taxonomic data and distinction of natural counting units for the in situ measurements that would have facilitated conversions between cell counts and cell volumes. The results of this study document the potential for using MERIS-derived cyanobacteria cell count estimates to monitor freshwater lakes (>100 ha) across the eastern US. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Schaeffer, Blake A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Stumpf, Richard P.] NOAA, Natl Oceans Serv, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Keith, Darryl] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Jacobs, Scott A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Murphy, Mark S.] Innovatel Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Schaeffer, BA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM schaeffer.blake@epa.gov FU USEPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) under a Pathfinder Innovation Project II grant [PIP2]; NASA Applied Science Program [NNH08ZDA001N, NNH09AL531] FX The research described in this article was partially funded and conducted by the USEPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) under a Pathfinder Innovation Project II (PIP2) grant and by the NASA Applied Science Program announcement NNH08ZDA001N (Human Health and Air Quality) under contract NNH09AL531. It has been subject to the US EPA programmatic review and has been approved for publication. Mention of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Keith Loftin (USGS), Robyn Conmy (USEPA), James Hagy (USEPA), Bryan Milstead (USEPA), Lesley Vazquez-Coriano (USEPA), and Jan Kurtz (USEPA), Tim Wynne (NOAA) and Shelly Tomlinson (NOAA), Rick Wilson (Ohio EPA), Russ Gibson (Ohio EPA), Dan Glomski (Ohio EPA), and Travis Briggs (CSS). The Florida data used in the study were collected and provided by the St. Johns River Water Management District (WMD) Division of Water Resources, Environmental Sciences Bureau by Rolland Fulton, John Hendrickson, Robert Burks, and Erich Marzolf all with the Suwannee River WMD. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 157 SI SI BP 24 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.008 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AZ5JI UT WOS:000348257100003 ER EF