FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Broeren, AP
Bragg, MB
Addy, HE
Lee, S
Moens, F
Guffond, D
AF Broeren, Andy P.
Bragg, Michael B.
Addy, Harold E., Jr.
Lee, Sam
Moens, Frederic
Guffond, Didier
TI Effect of High-Fidelity Ice-Accretion Simulations on Full-Scale Airfoil
Performance
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
ID AERODYNAMICS
AB The simulation of ice accretion on a wing or other surface is often required for aerodynamic evaluation, particularly at small scale or low Reynolds number. Although there are commonly accepted practices for ice simulation, there are no established and validated guidelines. The purpose of this paper is to report the results of an experimental study establishing a high-fidelity, full-scale, iced-airfoil aerodynamic performance database. This research was conducted as apart of a larger program with the goal of developing subscale aerodynamic simulation methods for iced airfoils. Airfoil performance testing was carried out at the ONERA F1 pressurized wind tunnel using a 72 in. (1828.8 mm) chord NACA 23012 airfoil over a Reynolds number range of 4.5 x 10(6) to 16.0 x 10(6) and a Mach number range of 0.10 to 0.28. The high-fidelity ice-casting simulations had a significant impact on the aerodynamic performance. A spanwise-ridge ice shape resulted in a maximum lift coefficient of 0.56 compared with the clean value of 1.85 at Re = 15.9 x 10(6) and M = 0.20. Two roughness and streamwise shapes yielded maximum lift values in the range of 1.09 to 1.28, which was a relatively small variation compared with the differences in the ice geometry. The stalling characteristics of the two roughness ice simulations and one streamwise ice simulation maintained the abrupt leading-edge stall type of the clean NACA 23012 airfoil, despite the significant decrease in maximum lift. Changes in Reynolds and Mach numbers over the large range tested had little effect on the iced-airfoil performance.
C1 [Broeren, Andy P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Aerosp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Addy, Harold E., Jr.] NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Icing Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Lee, Sam] ASRC Aerosp Corp, Icing Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Moens, Frederic] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Appl Aerodynam Dept, F-92190 Meudon, France.
[Guffond, Didier] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Instrumentat & Sensing Dept, Atmospher Environm Res Unit, F-92322 Chatillon, France.
RP Broeren, AP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Icing Branch, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
FU NASA [NCC3-1039, AS3304]; ASRC, Inc.
FX The authors at the University of Illinois were supported under NASA
grant NCC3-1039 and ASRC, Inc., subcontract AS3304 from NASA John H.
Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field. This support is gratefully
acknowledged. The Success of this collaborative research project is due
to the combined efforts of many individuals at NASA, ONERA, and
University of Illinois. In particular, the staff of the ONERA F1
facility provided excellent Support in the planning and execution of the
aerodynamic testing. The ice simulations attached to the model during
the testing were skillfully fabricated by the staff of the Aerospace
Engineering Department Machine Shop at the University of Illinois.
NR 44
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 240
EP 254
DI 10.2514/1.45203
PG 15
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 555AP
UT WOS:000274479500024
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, J
De Young, R
Chu, DA
AF Lewis, Jasper
De Young, Russell
Chu, D. Allen
TI A Study of Air Quality in the Southeastern Hampton-Norfolk-Virginia
Beach Region with Airborne Lidar Measurements and MODIS Aerosol Optical
Depth Retrievals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DELHI
AB A study of air quality was performed using a compact, aircraft aerosol lidar designed in the Science Directorate at NASA Langley Research Center and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals. Five flights of lidar measurements conducted in the Hampton-Norfolk-Virginia Beach, Virginia, region showed complex regional aerosol distributions. Comparisons with MODIS AOD at 10 km x 10 km and 5 km x 5 km resolutions show good agreement, with correlation R(2) values of 0.82 and 0.88, respectively. Linear regressions of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) and AOD within the ranges of 5-40 mu g m(-3) and 0.05-0.7, respectively, result in R(2) values of similar to 0.64 and similar to 0.82 for MODIS and the Compact Aerosol Lidar, respectively. The linear regressions reflect approximately 51 mu g m(-3) to 1AOD. These relationships are in agreement with previous findings for air pollution aerosols in the eastern United States and in northern Italy. However, large vertical variation is seen case by case, with planetary boundary layer heights ranging between 0.7 and 2 km and uncertainties ranging between 0.1 and 0.4 km. The results of the case studies suggest that AOD can be used as an indicator of surface measurements of PM2.5 but with larger uncertainties associated with small aerosol loading (AOD < 0.3).
C1 [Lewis, Jasper; De Young, Russell] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Chu, D. Allen] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Lewis, Jasper] Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
RP Lewis, J (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, MS 401A, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM jasper.r.lewis@nasa.gov
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 1
BP 3
EP 19
DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2119.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 555UN
UT WOS:000274541600001
ER
PT J
AU Kratz, DP
Gupta, SK
Wilber, AC
Sothcott, VE
AF Kratz, David P.
Gupta, Shashi K.
Wilber, Anne C.
Sothcott, Victor E.
TI Validation of the CERES Edition 2B Surface-Only Flux Algorithms
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ENERGY SYSTEM INSTRUMENT; SOLAR-RADIATION;
SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; TERRA SATELLITE; CLOUDS;
PARAMETERIZATION; EARTH; TOP
AB The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) project uses two shortwave (SW) and two longwave (LW) algorithms to derive surface radiative fluxes on an instantaneous footprint basis from a combination of top-of-atmosphere fluxes, ancillary meteorological data, and retrieved cloud properties. Since the CERES project examines the radiative forcings and feedbacks for Earth's entire climate system, validation of these models for a wide variety of surface conditions is paramount. The present validation effort focuses upon the ability of these surface-only flux algorithms to produce accurate CERES Edition 2B single scanner footprint data from the Terra and Aqua spacecraft measurements. To facilitate the validation process, high-quality radiometric surface observations have been acquired that were coincident with the CERES-derived surface fluxes. For both SW models, systematic errors range from -20 to -12 W m(-2) (from -2.8% to 21.6%) for global clear-sky cases, while for the all-sky SW model, the systematic errors range from 14 to 21 W m(-2) (3.2%-4.8%) for global cloudy-sky cases. Larger systematic errors were seen for the individual surface types, and significant random errors where observed, especially for cloudy-sky cases. While the SW models nearly achieved the 20 W m(-2) accuracy requirements established for climate research, further improvements are warranted. For the clear-sky LW model, systematic errors were observed to fall within +/- 5.4 W m(-2) (+/- 1.9%) except for the polar case in which systematic errors on the order from -15 to 211 W m(-2) (from -13% to -7.2%) occurred. For the all-sky LW model, systematic errors were less than +/- 9.2 W m(-2) (+/- 7.6%) for both the clear-sky and cloudy-sky cases. The random errors were less than 17 W m(-2) (6.2%) for clear-sky cases and 28 W m(-2) (13%) for cloudy-sky cases, except for the desert cases in which very high surface skin temperatures caused an overestimation in the model-calculated surface fluxes. Overall, however, the LW models met the accuracy requirements for climate research.
C1 [Kratz, David P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Gupta, Shashi K.; Wilber, Anne C.; Sothcott, Victor E.] Sci Syst Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
RP Kratz, DP (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, Mail Stop 420, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM david.p.kratz@nasa.gov
RI wilber, anne/F-6270-2011
FU NASA
FX ARM data have been made available through the U.S. Department of Energy
as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program. GMD data have
been made available through NOAA's Earth System Research
Laboratory/Global Monitoring Division- Radiation (G-RAD). SURFRAD data
have been made available through NOAA's Air Resources Laboratory/Surface
Radiation Research Branch. The authors thank D. A. Rutan (SSAI) for
providing the CAVE database, and E. G. Dutton for making available the
BSRN data. The authors also thank B. A. Wielicki, P. W. Stackhouse, G.
G. Gibson, and the reviewers for providing valuable advice and
suggestions regarding the manuscript. The authors acknowledge the
guidance and leadership of the late W. L. Darnell, who formed the
surface-only flux algorithm group within the CERES project. This
research was supported through the NASA Science Mission Directorate as
part of the CERES project.
NR 44
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 1
BP 164
EP 180
DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2246.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 555UN
UT WOS:000274541600012
ER
PT J
AU Rapoport, I
Taylor, P
Kearns, J
Schroder, DK
AF Rapoport, I.
Taylor, P.
Kearns, J.
Schroder, D. K.
TI Two-side surface photovoltage studies for implanted iron diffusion in
silicon during rapid thermal anneal
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE diffusion; doping profiles; elemental semiconductors; interstitials; ion
implantation; iron; rapid thermal annealing; semiconductor doping;
silicon; surface photovoltage
ID CONTAMINATION
AB Two-side surface photovoltage (TS-SPV) based on measuring SPV from both wafer sides is proposed as the approach for silicon iron contamination monitoring. TS-SPV is applied to follow diffusion of implanted iron in a lightly doped p-type silicon during rapid thermal anneal (RTA). Good correlation is found between the iron distribution versus RTA conditions in the range of 375-1100 degrees C. The impact of thermal donors in silicon after RTA at below 700 degrees C is illustrated. The portion of iron detectable by SPV (FeB pairs) is found as a function of RTA time and temperature. Iron diffusion activation energy was evaluated for the interstitial ionized iron Fe(i+) and for the interstitial neutral iron Fe(i0). Low thermal budget RTA combined with TS-SPV has been proven to be an effective iron contamination monitor to identify contamination sources, character, and location.
C1 [Rapoport, I.] IR Proc Solut, Eugene, OR 97401 USA.
[Taylor, P.] Wafer Reclaim Serv, Vancouver, WA 98682 USA.
[Kearns, J.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Schroder, D. K.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Rapoport, I (reprint author), IR Proc Solut, Eugene, OR 97401 USA.
EM igor.rapoport@cox.net
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 1
AR 013518
DI 10.1063/1.3275045
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 544WF
UT WOS:000273689600033
ER
PT J
AU Kondo, H
Yumoto, K
Alwood, JS
Mojarrab, R
Wang, A
Almeida, EAC
Searby, ND
Limoli, CL
Globus, RK
AF Kondo, Hisataka
Yumoto, Kenji
Alwood, Joshua S.
Mojarrab, Rose
Wang, Angela
Almeida, Eduardo A. C.
Searby, Nancy D.
Limoli, Charles L.
Globus, Ruth K.
TI Oxidative stress and gamma radiation-induced cancellous bone loss with
musculoskeletal disuse
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE spaceflight; osteopenia; hindlimb unloading; alpha-lipoic acid
ID ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; SPACE-FLIGHT; TRABECULAR BONE;
OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION; RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR; BODY IRRADIATION;
IN-VIVO; MICE; RESORPTION
AB Kondo H, Yumoto K, Alwood JS, Mojarrab R, Wang A, Almeida EA, Searby ND, Limoli CL, Globus RK. Oxidative stress and gamma radiation-induced cancellous bone loss with musculoskeletal disuse. J Appl Physiol 108: 152-161, 2010. First published October 29, 2009; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00294.2009.-Exposure of astronauts in space to radiation during weightlessness may contribute to subsequent bone loss. Gamma irradiation of postpubertal mice rapidly increases the number of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and causes bone loss in cancellous tissue; similar changes occur in skeletal diseases associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that increased oxidative stress mediates radiation-induced bone loss and that musculoskeletal disuse changes the sensitivity of cancellous tissue to radiation exposure. Musculoskeletal disuse by hindlimb unloading (1 or 2 wk) or total body gamma irradiation (1 or 2 Gy of (137)Cs) of 4-mo-old, male C57BL/6 mice each decreased cancellous bone volume fraction in the proximal tibiae and lumbar vertebrae. The extent of radiation-induced acute cancellous bone loss in tibiae and lumbar vertebrae was similar in normally loaded and hindlimb-unloaded mice. Similarly, osteoclast surface in the tibiae increased 46% as a result of irradiation, 47% as a result of hindlimb unloading, and 64% as a result of irradiation + hindlimb unloading compared with normally loaded mice. Irradiation, but not hindlimb unloading, reduced viability and increased apoptosis of marrow cells and caused oxidative damage to lipids within mineralized tissue. Irradiation also stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species in marrow cells. Furthermore, injection of alpha-lipoic acid, an antioxidant, mitigated the acute bone loss caused by irradiation. Together, these results showed that disuse and gamma irradiation, alone or in combination, caused a similar degree of acute cancellous bone loss and shared a common cellular mechanism of increased bone resorption. Furthermore, irradiation, but not disuse, may increase the number of osteoclasts and the extent of acute bone loss via increased reactive oxygen species production and ensuing oxidative damage, implying different molecular mechanisms. The finding that alpha-lipoic acid protected cancellous tissue from the detrimental effects of irradiation has potential relevance to astronauts and radiotherapy patients.
C1 [Kondo, Hisataka; Yumoto, Kenji; Alwood, Joshua S.; Mojarrab, Rose; Wang, Angela; Almeida, Eduardo A. C.; Searby, Nancy D.; Globus, Ruth K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Kondo, Hisataka; Yumoto, Kenji; Limoli, Charles L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Radiat Oncol, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Globus, RK (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, MS 236-7, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Ruth.K.Globus@NASA.gov
RI Wang, Angela/B-9944-2008
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
[NNH04ZUU005N/RAD2004-0000-0110, NA05CV48A]
FX This work was supported by National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Grants NNH04ZUU005N/RAD2004-0000-0110 (R. K. Globus) and NNA05CV48A (C.
L. Limoli).
NR 57
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U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 8750-7587
J9 J APPL PHYSIOL
JI J. Appl. Physiol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 1
BP 152
EP 161
DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00294.2009
PG 10
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 550VH
UT WOS:000274158200023
PM 19875718
ER
PT J
AU Gatlin, PN
Goodman, SJ
AF Gatlin, Patrick N.
Goodman, Steven J.
TI A Total Lightning Trending Algorithm to Identify Severe Thunderstorms
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID THUNDERCLOUD PARAMETERS; MAPPING ARRAY; STORM; ALABAMA; WSR-88D;
PRECIPITATION; SYSTEM
AB An algorithm that provides an early indication of impending severe weather from observed trends in thunderstorm total lightning flash rates has been developed. The algorithm framework has been tested on 20 thunderstorms, including 1 nonsevere storm, which occurred over the course of six separate days during the spring months of 2002 and 2003. The identified surges in lightning rate (or jumps) are compared against 110 documented severe weather events produced by these thunderstorms as they moved across portions of northern Alabama and southern Tennessee. Lightning jumps precede 90% of these severe weather events, with as much as a 27-min advance notification of impending severe weather on the ground. However, 37% of lightning jumps are not followed by severe weather reports. Various configurations of the algorithm are tested, and the highest critical success index attained is 0.49. Results suggest that this lightning jump algorithm may be a useful operational diagnostic tool for severe thunderstorm potential.
C1 [Gatlin, Patrick N.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Goodman, Steven J.] NASA, NOAA NESDIS, GOES R Syst Program Off, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Gatlin, PN (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM gatlin@nsstc.uah.edu
OI Gatlin, Patrick/0000-0001-9345-1457
FU NASA; NOAA/NESDIS GOES-R Program office
FX Funding for this research was provided by the NASA SMD's Earth Science
Division in support of the Short-term Prediction and Research Transition
(SPoRT) program at Marshall Space Flight Center and by the NOAA/NESDIS
GOES-R Program office. The authors thank Dr. Richard Blakeslee, John
Hall, Jeff Bailey, and Sam Acoff for maintaining and processing the
North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array and its output. Dr. Eugene "Bill''
McCaul Jr. provided lightning flash data from the source clustering
"flash'' algorithm. We are grateful to Chris Darden and the local NWS
weather forecast office in Huntsville, Alabama, for the collaboration
and feedback they have provided on the operational utility of total
lightning data and the lightning jump signature. The authors would also
like to thank Dr. Earle Williams for his helpful comments and thorough
review of this paper, as well as those of the anonymous reviewers. The
views, opinions, and findings contained herein are those of the authors,
and should not be construed as an official NASA, NOAA, or U. S.
government position, policy, or decision.
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 3
EP 22
DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1286.1
PG 20
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547UK
UT WOS:000273914800001
ER
PT J
AU Adam, M
Demoz, BB
Whiteman, DN
Venable, DD
Joseph, E
Gambacorta, A
Wei, J
Shephard, MW
Miloshevich, LM
Barnet, CD
Herman, RL
Fitzgibbon, J
Connell, R
AF Adam, M.
Demoz, B. B.
Whiteman, D. N.
Venable, D. D.
Joseph, E.
Gambacorta, A.
Wei, J.
Shephard, M. W.
Miloshevich, L. M.
Barnet, C. D.
Herman, R. L.
Fitzgibbon, J.
Connell, R.
TI Water Vapor Measurements by Howard University Raman Lidar during the
WAVES 2006 Campaign
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIOSONDE HUMIDITY SENSORS; INTERNATIONAL H2O PROJECT; VERTICAL
RESOLUTION; PART I; SYSTEMS; AIRS/AMSU/HSB; PERFORMANCE; RETRIEVALS;
HYGROMETER; IHOP-2002
AB Water vapor mixing ratio retrieval using the Howard University Raman lidar is presented with emphasis on three aspects: (i) comparison of the lidar with collocated radiosondes and Raman lidar, (ii) investigation of the relationship between atmospheric state variables and the relative performance of the lidar and sonde (in particular, their poor agreement), and (iii) comparison with satellite-based measurements. The measurements were acquired during the Water Vapor Validation Experiment Sondes/Satellites 2006 campaign. Ensemble averaging of water vapor mixing ratio data from 10 nighttime comparisons with Vaisala RS92 radiosondes shows, on average, an agreement within +/- 10%, up to similar to 8 km. A similar analysis of lidar-to-lidar data of over 700 profiles revealed an agreement to within 20% over the first 7 km (10% below 4 km). A grid analysis, defined in the temperature-relative humidity space, was developed to characterize the lidar-radiosonde agreement and quantitatively localizes regions of strong and weak correlations as a function of altitude, temperature, or relative humidity. Three main regions of weak correlation emerge: (i) regions of low relative humidity and low temperature, (ii) regions of moderate relative humidity at low temperatures, and (iii) regions of low relative humidity at moderate temperatures. Comparison of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder and Tropospheric Emission Sounder satellite retrievals of moisture with those of Howard University Raman lidar showed a general agreement in the trend, but the satellites miss details in atmospheric structure because of their low resolution. A relative difference of about +/- 20% is usually found between lidar and satellite measurements for the coincidences available.
C1 [Adam, M.; Demoz, B. B.; Venable, D. D.; Joseph, E.; Connell, R.] Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Whiteman, D. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Gambacorta, A.; Wei, J.] Perot Syst Govt Serv, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Gambacorta, A.; Wei, J.; Barnet, C. D.] NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Shephard, M. W.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA.
[Miloshevich, L. M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Herman, R. L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Fitzgibbon, J.] Natl Weather Serv, Sterling, VA USA.
RP Adam, M (reprint author), Howard Univ, 2355 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
EM madam@howard.edu
RI Gambacorta, Antonia/E-7937-2011; Barnet, Christopher/F-5573-2010;
Herman, Robert/H-9389-2012; Adam, Mariana/C-5661-2013; Demoz,
Belay/N-4130-2014
OI Gambacorta, Antonia/0000-0002-2446-9132; Herman,
Robert/0000-0001-7063-6424;
FU NOAA; NASA
FX This research was partially supported by the NOAA Educational
Partnership Program Cooperative Agreement and the NASA Aura Validation
Program.
NR 46
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Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 42
EP 60
DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1331.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547UK
UT WOS:000273914800003
ER
PT J
AU O'Brien, DM
Polonsky, I
Stephens, P
Taylor, TE
AF O'Brien, D. M.
Polonsky, Igor
Stephens, Philip
Taylor, Thomas E.
TI Feasibility of Cloud Screening Using Proxy Photon Pathlength
Distributions Derived from High-Resolution Spectra in the Near Infrared
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTION DERIVATION; BULK SCATTERING PROPERTIES; OPTICAL DEPTH;
BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; PATH-LENGTH; ICE CLOUDS; RETRIEVAL; MODELS;
PARAMETERIZATION; ALGORITHM
AB High-resolution spectra of reflected sunlight in the 2-mu m absorption band of CO(2) are simulated at the top of the atmosphere using cloud profiles and particle sizes from CloudSat analyzed meteorology from ECMWF, surface bidirectional distribution functions over land derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and a facet model of ocean reflectance. It is argued that in clear sky the photons will follow the direct path from sun to surface to satellite, because Rayleigh scattering is negligible at 2 mu m, so the distribution of photon pathlengths will be a delta function. A proxy for the photon pathlength distribution under any sky condition is recovered from the high-resolution spectrum by representing the distribution as a weighted sum of delta functions. Scenes are classified as clear or cloudy according to how closely the distribution approximates the ideal single d function for the direct path. The algorithm has an efficiency of approximately 75%, meaning that 25% of the clear cases will be rejected as cloudy. For scenes that pass the clear-sky test, the probability that the prediction will be correct is typically 95%. The algorithm appears to be robust, insensitive to instrument noise and to errors in the surface pressure and profiles of temperature and water vapor. The efficiency and confidence level of the algorithm are almost unchanged for bright surfaces such as sun glint.
C1 [O'Brien, D. M.; Polonsky, Igor] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Stephens, Philip] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Taylor, Thomas E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP O'Brien, DM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM obrien@atmos.colostate.edu
FU NASA [1280999]
FX This research was funded by NASA JPL Contract 1280999.
NR 33
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 135
EP 146
DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1340.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547UK
UT WOS:000273914800009
ER
PT J
AU Millane, RP
Stirling, GD
Brown, RG
Zhang, N
Lo, VL
Enevoldson, E
Murray, JE
AF Millane, R. P.
Stirling, G. D.
Brown, R. G.
Zhang, N.
Lo, V. L.
Enevoldson, E.
Murray, J. E.
TI Estimating Wind Velocities in Mountain Lee Waves Using Sailplane Flight
Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY-WAVES; SAR IMAGES; AIRCRAFT; RADAR; SYSTEM; ALPS
AB Mountain lee waves are a form of atmospheric gravity wave that is generated by flow over mountain topography. Mountain lee waves are of considerable interest, because they can produce drag that affects the general circulation, windstorms, and clear-air turbulence that can be an aviation hazard, and they can affect ozone abundance through mixing and inducing polar stratospheric clouds. There are difficulties, however, in measuring the three-dimensional wind velocities in high-altitude mountain waves. Mountain waves are routinely used by sailplane pilots to gain altitude. Methods are described for estimating three-dimensional wind velocities in mountain waves using data collected during sailplane flights. The data used are the logged sailplane position and airspeed (sailplane speed relative to the local air mass). An algorithm is described to postprocess this data to estimate the three-dimensional wind velocity along the flight path, based on an assumption of a slowly varying horizontal wind velocity. The method can be applied to data from dedicated flights or potentially to existing flight records used as sensors of opportunity. The methods described are applied to data from a sailplane flight in lee waves of the Sierra Nevada in California.
C1 [Millane, R. P.; Stirling, G. D.; Brown, R. G.; Zhang, N.; Lo, V. L.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Computat Imaging Grp, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
[Enevoldson, E.; Murray, J. E.] NASA, Dryden Flight Res Ctr, Edwards AFB, CA USA.
RP Millane, RP (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Computat Imaging Grp, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
EM rick.millane@canterbury.ac.nz
FU University of Canterbury; NZ TEC; Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department at the UOC; NASA; Steve Fossett Challenges
FX We are grateful to the University of Canterbury for award of a summer
scholarship to RGB, the NZ TEC for award of Top Achiever Doctoral
scholarship to NZ and VLL, the Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department at the UOC for a research grant, and NASA for support. Perlan
Project flights are supported by the Steve Fossett Challenges. We also
acknowledge our late friend Harman Halliday, who encouraged us and
provided us with the first flight data in the early stages of this
project.
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 147
EP 158
DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1274.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547UK
UT WOS:000273914800010
ER
PT J
AU Murray, BJ
Jensen, EJ
AF Murray, Benjamin J.
Jensen, Eric J.
TI Homogeneous nucleation of amorphous solid water particles in the upper
mesosphere
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesospheric clouds; PMC; Noctilucent clouds; NLC; PMSE; Homogeneous
nucleation; Mesosphere; Mesopause; Amorphous solid water; Amorphous ice
and gravity waves
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SUPERSATURATED VAPOR; ICE NUCLEATION; LIQUID WATER;
CUBIC ICE; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; SURFACE-TENSION; SUMMER; TEMPERATURE;
ATMOSPHERE
AB Condensed water particles are known to exist in the high latitude upper mesosphere during the summer months However, the mechanism or mechanisms through which they nucleate remains uncertain It is postulated here that particles of amorphous solid water (ASW, condensed water with a non-crystalline structure) may nucleate homogeneously in the summer mesosphere Using classical nucleation theory and a one-dimensional model. it is shown that more than 10(5) cm(-3) amorphous solid water particles can nucleate homogeneously under mesopause conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that homogeneous nucleation competes with heterogeneous nucleation oil meteoric smoke particles when the cooling rate is >0.5 K/h. The homogeneous nucleation of amorphous solid water could provide an explanation for the high density of ice particles (many thousands per cm 3) thought to be required for electron depletions in the upper mesosphere. A parameterisation for homogeneous nucleation is presented which can be used in other mesospheric cloud models. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
C1 [Murray, Benjamin J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Jensen, Eric J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Murray, BJ (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RI Murray, Benjamin/C-1219-2010
OI Murray, Benjamin/0000-0002-8198-8131
FU Natural Environment Research Council [NE/D009308/1]; NASA
FX The authors thank Dimo Kashchiev for his guidance in nucleation theory,
as well as Markus Rapp, Christoph Salzmann, John Plane and Russell
Saunders for helpful discussions. BJM thanks the Natural Environment
Research Council (NE/D009308/1) for his fellowship and the British
Association for Crystal Growth for providing travel support which
allowed BJM and EJJ to form a collaboration. EJJ thanks the NASA
Helispheric Physics program for funding.
NR 63
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 72
IS 1
BP 51
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.10.007
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543ZL
UT WOS:000273620600006
ER
PT J
AU Stolarski, RS
Douglass, AR
Newman, PA
Pawson, S
Schoeberl, MR
AF Stolarski, Richard S.
Douglass, Anne R.
Newman, Paul A.
Pawson, Steven
Schoeberl, Mark R.
TI Relative Contribution of Greenhouse Gases and Ozone-Depleting Substances
to Temperature Trends in the Stratosphere: A Chemistry-Climate Model
Study
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPORAL HOMOGENIZATION; CIRCULATION MODEL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SIMULATIONS;
TRANSPORT; LATITUDE; HOLE
AB The temperature of the stratosphere has decreased over the past several decades. Two causes contribute to that decrease: well-mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs). This paper addresses the attribution of temperature decreases to these two causes and the implications of that attribution for the future evolution of stratospheric temperature. Time series analysis is applied to simulations of the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model (GEOS CCM) to separate the contributions of GHGs from those of ODSs based on their different time-dependent signatures. The analysis indicates that about 60%-70% of the temperature decrease of the past two decades in the upper stratosphere near 1 hPa and in the lower midlatitude stratosphere near 50 hPa resulted from changes attributable to ODSs, primarily through their impact on ozone. As ozone recovers over the next several decades, the temperature should continue to decrease in the middle and upper stratosphere because of GHG increases. The time series of observed temperature in the upper stratosphere is approaching the length needed to separate the effects of ozone-depleting substances from those of greenhouse gases using temperature time series data.
C1 [Stolarski, Richard S.; Douglass, Anne R.; Newman, Paul A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Pawson, Steven] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Schoeberl, Mark R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Stolarski, RS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Branch, Mail Code 613-3,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM richard.s.stolarski@nasa.gov
RI Newman, Paul/D-6208-2012; Douglass, Anne/D-4655-2012; Stolarski,
Richard/B-8499-2013; Pawson, Steven/I-1865-2014
OI Newman, Paul/0000-0003-1139-2508; Stolarski,
Richard/0000-0001-8722-4012; Pawson, Steven/0000-0003-0200-717X
FU NASA
FX Thanks to NASA for high-performance computing resources on "Project
Columbia'' and staff at NAS for assistance in keeping the models
running. We thank NASA's MAP Program for funding.
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 28
EP 42
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI2955.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 540TA
UT WOS:000273361000004
ER
PT J
AU Couhert, A
Schneider, T
Li, JL
Waliser, DE
Tompkins, AM
AF Couhert, Alexandre
Schneider, Tapio
Li, Juilin
Waliser, Duane E.
Tompkins, Adrian M.
TI The Maintenance of the Relative Humidity of the Subtropical Free
Troposphere
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-VAPOR DISTRIBUTION; LARGE-SCALE ADVECTION; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE;
GENERAL-CIRCULATION; TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MOISTURE;
MODELS; FLUXES; ENERGY
AB The relative importance of different processes in the water vapor balance of the troposphere is assessed, using high-resolution hindcast data from the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System (IFS) for December February 1998/99 interpolated to isentropic coordinates. The focus is on elucidating the processes that maintain the relative humidity of the subtropical free troposphere. The dominant drying process in the subtropical free troposphere is cross-isentropic subsidence driven by radiative cooling. In some subtropical regions [e.g., over continents in the Southern (summer) Hemisphere and over western portions of ocean basins in the Northern (winter) Hemisphere], drying by radiative subsidence is partially offset or overcompensated by moistening by cross-isentropic dynamic transport of water vapor from the surface upward (e.g., in convection). Any resultant net drying or moistening of the subtropical free troposphere by cross-isentropic motions is regionally primarily balanced by isentropic mean and eddy transport of water vapor from moister into drier regions. Isentropic transport redistributes water vapor within the subtropics and moderates relative humidity contrasts; however, it does not consistently lead to a substantial net import or export of water vapor into or out of the subtropics.
C1 [Schneider, Tapio; Li, Juilin; Waliser, Duane E.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Tompkins, Adrian M.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
CALTECH, Jet Propulsion Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Schneider, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Mail Code 100-23,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM tapio@caltech.edu
RI Schneider, Tapio /A-7038-2014; Tompkins, Adrian/N-6472-2013
OI Schneider, Tapio /0000-0001-5687-2287; Tompkins,
Adrian/0000-0003-0975-6691
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0450059]; David and Lucile Packard
Fellowship; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology
FX A. Couhert and T. Schneider gratefully acknowledge support by the
National Science Foundation (Grant ATM-0450059) and a David and Lucile
Packard Fellowship. J. Li and D. Waliser were supported by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We
thank Anthony Del Genio and Adam Sobel for helpful comments and
discussions.
NR 48
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 2
BP 390
EP 403
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI2952.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543FC
UT WOS:000273555500011
ER
PT J
AU Wagstaff, KL
Desjardins, M
Eaton, E
AF Wagstaff, Kiri L.
Desjardins, Marie
Eaton, Eric
TI Modelling and learning user preferences over sets
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & THEORETICAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE set-based preferences; user preferences; preference learning
ID RETRIEVAL; DIVERSITY
AB Although there has been significant research on modelling and learning user preferences for various types of objects, there has been relatively little work on the problem of representing and learning preferences over sets of objects. We introduce a representation language, DD-PREF, that balances preferences for particular objects with preferences about the properties of the set. Specifically, we focus on the depth of objects (i.e. preferences for specific attribute values over others) and on the diversity of sets (i.e. preferences for broad vs. narrow distributions of attribute values). The DD-PREF framework is general and can incorporate additional object-and set-based preferences. We describe a greedy algorithm, DD-Select, for selecting satisfying sets from a collection of new objects, given a preference in this language. We show how preferences represented in DD-PREF can be learned from training data. Experimental results are given for three domains: a blocks world domain with several different task-based preferences, a real-world music playlist collection, and rover image data gathered in desert training exercises.
C1 [Wagstaff, Kiri L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Desjardins, Marie; Eaton, Eric] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci, Multiagent Planning & Learning Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
RP Wagstaff, KL (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 306-463,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM kiri.wagstaff@jpl.nasa.gov
OI Wagstaff, Kiri/0000-0003-4401-5506
FU NSF [ITR-0325329]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work was supported by NSF grant # ITR-0325329 and was partly
carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. Thanks to James MacGlashan and Ryan Carr for gathering
the music data set. We also thank the participants of the rover image
study for donating their time.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0952-813X
J9 J EXP THEOR ARTIF IN
JI J. Exp. Theor. Artif. Intell.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 3
BP 237
EP 268
DI 10.1080/09528130903119336
PG 32
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA 626QG
UT WOS:000279981000004
ER
PT J
AU Wen, JH
Wang, YF
Wang, WL
Jezek, KC
Liu, HX
Allison, I
AF Wen, Jiahong
Wang, Yafeng
Wang, Weili
Jezek, K. C.
Liu, Hongxing
Allison, I.
TI Basal melting and freezing under the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-BALANCE; OCEAN INTERACTION; WEST ANTARCTICA; SHEET; GLACIER;
PENINSULA; LAMBERT; BENEATH; VELOCITY; STABILITY
AB The basal melting and freezing rates under the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, are evaluated, and their spatial distributions mapped. Ice velocity, surface elevation and accumulation rate datasets are employed in the analysis, along with a column-averaged ice density model. Our analysis shows that the total area of basal melting is 34 700 km(2), with a total annual melt of 62.5 +/- 9.3 Gt and an average melting rate of 1.8 +/- 0.3 m a(-1). Basal freezing mainly occurs in the northwestern part of the ice shelf, over a total area of 26 100 km(2) and with a maximum freezing rate of 2.4 +/- 0.4 m a(-1). The total marine ice that accretes to the ice-shelf base is estimated to be 16.2 +/- 2.4 Gt a(-1). Using a redefined grounding line and geometry of the Amery Ice Shelf, we estimate the net melt over the ice-shelf base is about 46.4 +/- 6.9 Gt a(-1), which is higher than previous modeling and oceanographic estimates. Net basal melting accounts for about half of the total ice-shelf mass loss, with the rest being from iceberg discharge. Our basal melting and freezing distribution map provides a scientific basis for quantitative analysis of ice-ocean interaction at the ice-shelf-ocean interface.
C1 [Wen, Jiahong; Wang, Yafeng] Shanghai Normal Univ, Dept Geog, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Yafeng] Jiangsu Univ Sci & Technol, Informat Ctr Lib, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Weili] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jezek, K. C.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Liu, Hongxing] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geog, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Allison, I.] Australian Antarctic Div, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Allison, I.] Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst CRC, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
RP Wen, JH (reprint author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Dept Geog, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.
EM jhwen@shnu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871035, 40730526];
Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; Shanghai Education Development
Foundation [05SG46, S30406]; Shanghai Normal University [DZL801]; Center
for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS), University of Kansas
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China through grants 40871035 and 40730526, the Shanghai Municipal
Education Commission, the Shanghai Education Development Foundation
through grants 05SG46 and S30406, and the Leading Academic Discipline
Project of Shanghai Normal University through grant DZL801. K. Jezek was
partially supported by the Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets
(CReSIS), University of Kansas. Jiahong Wen expresses gratitude to the
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre for hosting
a visit to Hobart to complete the paper. We also thank M.B. Giovinetto
for providing accumulation compilations, R. Coleman, N. Young, H.A.
Fricker, J. DiMarzio and M. Craven for providing the geoid model,
grounding line, DEM and in situ GPS and accumulation data over the Amery
Ice Shelf, and R. Warner for valuable suggestions. Constructive comments
and suggestions from M. King and two anonymous reviewers have been very
helpful in improving this paper.
NR 54
TC 23
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 10
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 195
BP 81
EP 90
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 642YK
UT WOS:000281257600009
ER
PT J
AU Koenig, LS
Hall, DK
AF Koenig, Lora S.
Hall, Dorothy K.
TI Comparison of satellite, thermochron and air temperatures at Summit,
Greenland, during the winter of 2008/09
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR PATHFINDER DATASET; SEA-ICE TEMPERATURE; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE;
RADIATION PROPERTIES; ARCTIC SURFACE; IN-SITU; RECENT TRENDS; MASS-LOSS;
SHEET; CLOUD
AB Current trends show a rise in Arctic surface and air temperatures, including over the Greenland ice sheet where rising temperatures will contribute to increased sea-level rise through increased melt. We aim to establish the uncertainties in using satellite-derived surface temperature for measuring Arctic surface temperature, as satellite data are increasingly being used to assess temperature trends. To accomplish this, satellite-derived surface temperature, or land-surface temperature (LST), must be validated and limitations of the satellite data must be assessed quantitatively. During the 2008/09 boreal winter at Summit, Greenland, we employed data from standard US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) air-temperature instruments, button-sized temperature sensors called thermochrons and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument to (1) assess the accuracy and utility of thermochrons in an ice-sheet environment and (2) compare MODIS-derived LSTs with thermochron-derived surface and air temperatures. The thermochron-derived air temperatures were very accurate, within 0.1 +/- 0.3 degrees C of the NOAA-derived air temperature, but thermochron-derived surface temperatures were similar to 3 degrees C higher than MODIS-derived LSTs. Though surface temperature is largely determined by air temperature, these variables can differ significantly. Furthermore, we show that the winter-time mean air temperature, adjusted to surface temperature, was similar to 11 degrees C higher than the winter-time mean MODIS-derived LST. This marked difference occurs largely because satellite-derived LSTs cannot be measured through cloud cover, so caution must be exercised in using time series of satellite LST data to study seasonal temperature trends.
C1 [Koenig, Lora S.; Hall, Dorothy K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Koenig, LS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM lora.s.koenig@nasa.gov
RI Hall, Dorothy/D-5562-2012
FU NASA
FX We thank T. Mefford at NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory for
allowing the use of the NOAA temperatures, CH2M HILL Polar Services for
logistics support, and K. Huybers for helping monitor the thermochrons.
Part of the work was supported by NASA's Cryospheric Sciences Program.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 12
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 198
BP 735
EP 741
PG 7
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 665ID
UT WOS:000283027700017
ER
PT J
AU Hulbe, CL
Wang, WL
Ommanney, S
AF Hulbe, Christina L.
Wang, Weili
Ommanney, Simon
TI Women in glaciology, a historical perspective
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBGLACIAL WATER-PRESSURE; WEST GREENLAND; FAST-FLOW;
DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; JAKOBSHAVNS-ISBRAE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING;
HIGHER-EDUCATION; SCIENCE; ICE; GENDER
AB Women's history in glaciology extends as far back in time as the discipline itself, although their contributions to the scientific discourse have for all of that history been constrained by the sociopolitical contexts of the times. The first Journal of Glaciology paper authored by a woman appeared in 1948, within a year of the founding of the Journal, but it was not until the 1980s that women produced more than a few percent of Journal and Annals of Glaciology papers. Here international perspectives on women's participation in the sciences are presented in order to establish an economic and sociopolitical context for stories of women 'pioneers' in glaciology and a frame in which to discuss women's persistent under-representation relative to men. We find that the experiences of individual glaciologists mirror women's experiences in higher education and the sciences as a whole. The existence of both positive and negative trends in women's participation in the sciences suggests caution in the interpretation of recent positive trends for women's participation in glaciology.
C1 [Hulbe, Christina L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Wang, Weili] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Ommanney, Simon] Scott Polar Res Inst, Cambridge, England.
RP Hulbe, CL (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM chulbe@pdx.edu
FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
[0838810, 0538015]
FX The authors thank Magnus Mar Magnusson, Ken Cruikshank and Scott Waibel
for assistance with the ICS authors database. We thank Atsumu Ohmura for
his assistance with interviews. Gracias to Olga Nasello for helping us
learn about Laura Levi and for patience with C.L.H.'s rudimentary
Spanish. Thanks to Julie Palais for insight into polar exploration and
to Teresia Teaiwa for the Pacific view. C.L.H. is particularly indebted
to Dr Ann Little for her assurance during the review process that both
history and historiography matter. C.L.H. was supported by US National
Science Foundation (NSF) Office of Polar Programs (OPP) grants No.
0838810 and 0538015.
NR 211
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 200
SI SI
BP 944
EP 964
PG 21
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 818KP
UT WOS:000294750900002
ER
PT J
AU Kwok, R
AF Kwok, R.
TI Satellite remote sensing of sea-ice thickness and kinematics: a review
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; SNOW DEPTH; MOTION; DEFORMATION; IMAGERY; DRIFT; SSM/I;
VALIDATION; ANTARCTICA; ALTIMETRY
AB Observations of sea-ice thickness and kinematics are essential for understanding changes in sea-ice mass balance, interactions between the ice cover and the ocean and atmosphere and for improving projections of sea-ice response in a warming climate. These parameters are not directly observable with current sensor technology, but are derived from satellite altimetry and imagery. While there is progress in the retrievals of Arctic sea-ice thickness from satellite altimetry, approaches to address Southern Ocean ice thickness require additional attention. On the other hand, procedures to derive sea-ice motion from satellite imagery are more mature and better understood and have been employed to produce useful results for more than a decade. Adequate sampling of sub-daily ice motion, however, remains a challenge. Generally, satellite instruments provide large-scale coverage but the frequency of temporal sampling is limited by orbit characteristics. In this review, I focus on the approaches, uncertainties, sampling limitations and validation issues associated with the estimation of sea-ice thickness and motion. I provide a summary of current and anticipated capabilities for monitoring sea-ice thickness and kinematics from space. The prospects for continuing these measurements into the next decade, from a satellite remote-sensing perspective, are discussed.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Kwok, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Ronald.Kwok@jpl.nasa.gov
FU NASA
FX I thank S. Laxon for providing valuable comments on the manuscript. This
work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA.
NR 62
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 19
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
EI 1727-5652
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 200
SI SI
BP 1129
EP 1140
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 818KP
UT WOS:000294750900018
ER
PT J
AU Pritchard, HD
Luthcke, SB
Fleming, AH
AF Pritchard, H. D.
Luthcke, S. B.
Fleming, A. H.
TI Understanding ice-sheet mass balance: progress in satellite altimetry
and gravimetry
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENLAND OUTLET GLACIERS; ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY;
CLIMATE EXPERIMENT; GRAVITY RECOVERY; EAST GREENLAND; GRACE; SHELF;
ACCELERATION; COLLAPSE
AB Satellite remote sensing has come to dominate the measurement of glacier and ice-sheet change. Three independent methods now exist for assessing ice-sheet mass balance and we focus on progress in two: satellite altimetry (ICESat) and gravimetry (GRACE). With improved spatial and temporal sampling, and synergy with ice flow measurements, both the mechanisms and causes changing mass balance can be investigated. We present examples of mass losses due to widespread, intensifying glacier dynamic thinning in northwest Greenland, but local ablation rates in the northeast that are unchanged for decades. Advances in GRACE processing reveal Greenland net ice-sheet mass loss continuing into 2010, at 195 +/- 30 Gt a(-1). A similarly negative trend in the Gulf of Alaska has significant spatial and temporal variation, that highlights the importance of intense summer melting here. Strong summer melt on the Antarctic Peninsula also precipitated recent ice-shelf collapse and prompted rapid dynamic thinning of tributary glaciers at up to 70 m a(-1). Thinning continued for years to decades after collapse and propagated far inland. While understanding of the physical mechanisms of change continues to improve, estimates of future behaviour, and in particular the near-future glacial sea-level contribution, still rely on projections from such observations. We introduce the suite of new sensors that will monitor the ice sheets into the future.
C1 [Pritchard, H. D.; Fleming, A. H.] British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Luthcke, S. B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Pritchard, HD (reprint author), British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
EM hprit@bas.ac.uk
RI Luthcke, Scott/D-6283-2012
NR 52
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 29
PU INT GLACIOL SOC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
EI 1727-5652
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 200
SI SI
BP 1151
EP 1161
DI 10.3189/002214311796406194
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 818KP
UT WOS:000294750900020
ER
PT J
AU Park, RS
Werner, RA
Bhaskaran, S
AF Park, Ryan S.
Werner, Robert A.
Bhaskaran, Shyam
TI Estimating Small-Body Gravity Field from Shape Model and Navigation Data
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference
CY AUG 18-21, 2008
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Aeronaut & Astronaut, AAS
AB This paper presents a method to model the external gravitational field and to estimate the internal density variation of a small body. The first problem discussed is the modeling of the external gravitational field using finite element definitions, such as cubes and spheres, assuming the polyhedral shape and internal density distribution are provided. The gravitational attractions computed using finite element approach are compared with the true uniform-density polyhedral attraction and the level of accuracies are presented. The second problem discussed is the inverse problem where the internal density variation is determined by estimating the density of each finite element assuming the body shape, radiometric measurements, and a priori density constraints are given. This is presented via covariance analysis, which gives the level of uncertainty in the estimated densities. The result shows that the accuracy of the estimated density variation can be significantly improved depending on the orbit altitude, finite element resolution, and measurement accuracy, which indicates that the finite element approach can be used as a close-proximity navigation model around small bodies.
C1 [Park, Ryan S.; Bhaskaran, Shyam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Outer Planet Nav Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Werner, Robert A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Opt Nav Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Park, RS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Outer Planet Nav Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM ryan.s.park@jpl.nasa.gov; robert.a.werner@jpl.nasa.gov;
shyam.bhaskaran@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 14
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1
BP 212
EP 221
DI 10.2514/1.41585
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 543QC
UT WOS:000273592300018
ER
PT J
AU Goerzen, C
Kong, Z
Mettler, B
AF Goerzen, C.
Kong, Z.
Mettler, B.
TI A Survey of Motion Planning Algorithms from the Perspective of
Autonomous UAV Guidance
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Review
DE Autonomous; UAV; Guidance; Trajectory; Motion planning; Optimization;
Heuristics; Complexity; Algorithm
ID GENERALIZED VORONOI GRAPH; SENSOR-BASED EXPLORATION; DYNAMIC WINDOW
APPROACH; OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE; PROBABILISTIC ROADMAPS; MOBILE ROBOTS;
VEHICLES; STRATEGIES
AB A fundamental aspect of autonomous vehicle guidance is planning trajectories. Historically, two fields have contributed to trajectory or motion planning methods: robotics and dynamics and control. The former typically have a stronger focus on computational issues and real-time robot control, while the latter emphasize the dynamic behavior and more specific aspects of trajectory performance. Guidance for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), including fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft, involves significant differences from most traditionally defined mobile and manipulator robots. Qualities characteristic to UAVs include non-trivial dynamics, three-dimensional environments, disturbed operating conditions, and high levels of uncertainty in state knowledge. Otherwise, UAV guidance shares qualities with typical robotic motion planning problems, including partial knowledge of the environment and tasks that can range from basic goal interception, which can be precisely specified, to more general tasks like surveillance and reconnaissance, which are harder to specify. These basic planning problems involve continual interaction with the environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of existing motion planning algorithms while adding perspectives and practical examples from UAV guidance approaches.
C1 [Kong, Z.; Mettler, B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Goerzen, C.] San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Res Fdn, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Mettler, B (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM chad.goerzen@us.army.mil; mettler@aem.umn.edu
RI Kong, Zhaodan/E-9362-2015
OI Kong, Zhaodan/0000-0002-2493-1366
FU Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate
FX This work owes its existence to the funding from the Army
Aeroflightdynamics Directorate, and collaboration with the ongoing
Autonomous Rotorcraft Project.
NR 126
TC 144
Z9 152
U1 44
U2 179
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-0296
EI 1573-0409
J9 J INTELL ROBOT SYST
JI J. Intell. Robot. Syst.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 65
EP 100
DI 10.1007/s10846-009-9383-1
PG 36
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA 527IM
UT WOS:000272360700005
ER
PT J
AU Ishibashi, K
Abel, PB
Suzuki, M
Suzuki, M
Miyoshi, K
AF Ishibashi, Kenichi
Abel, Phillip B.
Suzuki, Masahiro
Suzuki, Manabu
Miyoshi, Kazuhisa
TI Wear of Materials by Lunar Regolith Simulant
SO JOURNAL OF JAPANESE SOCIETY OF TRIBOLOGISTS
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE abrasion; moon; dust; simulant; ceramics; cermet; alloy
AB An investigation was conducted to examine the effects of lunar mare regolith simulant on wear properties of engineering materials for lunar moving mechanical assembly applications. Experiments were conducted with rolling balls in contact with still disks in air at room temperature. The simulant particles developed at NASA with sizes ranging from 25 to 37 mu m were interposed between the contacting surfaces of balls and disks in relative motion. The disk materials were a variety of ceramics, tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co), and 440 C stainless steel. Results indicate that the abrasive action of the simulant particles produced cracks, brittle-fractured pits, and plastically deformed grooves on the surfaces of ceramics and WC-Co, while it produced plastically deformed grooves on 440 C stainless steel. The wear characteristics generally depended on the fracture toughness and hardness of materials. The wear volume loss of the materials having the fracture toughness (MPa.m(1/2)) of 4 or lower was much greater than that having 6 or greater. It is found that 440 C stainless steel, zirconia, silicon nitride, WC-Co, boron carbide and silicon carbide can be effective, abrasion-resistant materials to the simulant in air.
C1 [Ishibashi, Kenichi] Nippon Inst Technol, Grad Sch, Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501, Japan.
[Abel, Phillip B.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Suzuki, Masahiro] JTEKT Corp, R&D Ctr, Kashiwara, Osaka 5828588, Japan.
[Suzuki, Manabu; Miyoshi, Kazuhisa] Nippon Inst Technol, Res Ctr Adv Mat & Technol, Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501, Japan.
RP Ishibashi, K (reprint author), Nippon Inst Technol, Grad Sch, 1-1 Gakuendai 4 Chome, Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501, Japan.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU JAPAN SOC TRIBOLOGISTS
PI TOKYO
PA KIKAI SHINKO KAIKAN NO 407-2 5-8 SHIBA-KOEN 3-CHOME MINATO-KU, TOKYO,
105, JAPAN
SN 0915-1168
J9 J JPN SOC TRIBOLOGIS
JI J. Jpn. Soc. Tribol.
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 6
SI SI
BP 398
EP 405
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 634VO
UT WOS:000280614100009
ER
PT J
AU Klem, MT
Young, M
Douglas, T
AF Klem, Michael T.
Young, Mark
Douglas, Trevor
TI Biomimetic synthesis of photoactive alpha-Fe2O3 templated by the
hyperthermophilic ferritin from Pyrococus furiosus
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DPS-LIKE PROTEIN; SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODES; CONSTRAINED SYNTHESIS;
HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; WATER; FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATION; VIRUS;
CAGES
AB Utilizing a biomimetic approach toward materials synthesis a ferritin protein cage, from the hyperthermophilic archeaon Pyrococcus furiosus, was utilized to first tempate the formation of a largely amorphous ferrihydrite iron oxide and then bring about its transformation to hematite (alpha-Fe2O3). This was achieved under boiling aqueous conditions by refluxing the ferritin protein cage/ferrihydrite composite. The resultant material showed diffraction indicative of hematite, a visible band gap semiconductor, and photocurrents were measured under visible illumination. The resultant protein/mineral composite was also studied via dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and size exclusion chromatography.
C1 [Young, Mark; Douglas, Trevor] Montana State Univ, NASA, Astrobiol Biogeocatalysis Ctr, Dept Chem & Biochem,Ctr BioInspired Nanomat, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Young, Mark] Montana State Univ, NASA, Astrobiol Biogeocatalysis Ctr, Dept Plant Sci,Ctr BioInspired Nanomat, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Klem, Michael T.] Montana Tech Univ Montana, Dept Chem & Biochem, Butte, MT USA.
RP Douglas, T (reprint author), Montana State Univ, NASA, Astrobiol Biogeocatalysis Ctr, Dept Chem & Biochem,Ctr BioInspired Nanomat, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM tdouglas@chemistry.montana.edu
RI Douglas, Trevor/F-2748-2011
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0709358]; Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-07ER46477]
FX This research was supported in part by grants from the National Science
Foundation (CBET-0709358), and the Department of Energy
(DE-FG02-07ER46477).
NR 43
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 12
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 1
BP 65
EP 67
DI 10.1039/b918620d
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 529TU
UT WOS:000272542100006
ER
PT J
AU Nourbakhsh, A
Yang, JP
Gallagher, S
Nanda, A
Vannemreddy, P
Garges, KJ
AF Nourbakhsh, Ali
Yang, Jinping
Gallagher, Sean
Nanda, Anil
Vannemreddy, Prasad
Garges, Kim J.
TI A safe approach to explore/identify the V-2 segment of the vertebral
artery during anterior approaches to cervical spine and/or arterial
repairs: anatomical study Laboratory investigation
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
LA English
DT Article
DE cervical spine; vertebral artery; transverse process; uncinate process;
cadaver dissection
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; V2 SEGMENT; DECOMPRESSION; SURGERY; INJURY;
LOCATION; SPACE
AB Object. The purpose of this study was to find a landmark according to which the Surgeon can dissect the cervical spine safely, with the lowest possibility of damaging the vertebral artery (VA) during anterior approaches to the cervical spine or the VA.
Methods. The "safe zone" for each level of the cervical spine was described as an area where the Surgeon can start from the midline in that zone and dissect the Soft tissue laterally to end Lip on the transverse process and cross the VA while still on the transverse process. In other words, safe zone signifies the narrowest width of the transverse process at each level. In Such in approach, the VA is protected from the inadvertent deep penetration of the instalments by the transverse process. The surgical safe zone for each level was the common area among at least 95% of the safe zones for that level. For the Purpose of defining the upper and lower borders of the safe zone for each level, the line passing from the upper vertebral border perpendicular to the midline (upper vertebral border line) was used as a reference.
Cervical spines of 64 formalin-fixed cadavers were dissected. The soft tissue in front of the transverse process and intertransverse space was removed. Digital pictures of the specimens were taken before and after removal of the transverse processes, and the distance to the upper and lower border of the safe zone front the upper vertebral border line wits measured on the digital pictures with Image J software. The VA diameter and distance from the midline at each level were also measured. To compare the means, the authors used t-test and ANOVA.
Results. The Surgical safe zone lies between I mm above and I mm below the upper vertebral border at the fourth vertebra, 2 mm above and I mm below the upper vertebral border at the fifth vertebra, and I min above and 2 min below the upper vertebral border of the sixth vertebra. The VA was observed to be tortuous in 13% of the intertransverse spaces. There is a positive association between disc degeneration and tortuosity of the VA at each level (p < 0.001). The artery becomes closer to the midline (p < 0.001) and moves posteriorly during its ascent.
Conclusions. Dissection of the soft tissue off the bone along the surgical safe zone and removal of the transverse process afterward can be it practical and safe approach to avoid artery lacerations. The findings in the present study can be used in anterior approaches to the cervical spine, especially when the tortuosity of the artery mandates exposure of the VA prior to uncinate process resection, tumor excision, or VA repair. (DOI: 10.3171/2009.7.SPINE08504)
C1 [Nourbakhsh, Ali; Yang, Jinping; Gallagher, Sean; Garges, Kim J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Orthoped Surg, Galveston, TX USA.
[Nanda, Anil; Vannemreddy, Prasad] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA.
RP Garges, KJ (reprint author), NASA, Spine Inst, 18100 St John Dr, Nassau Bay, TX 77058 USA.
EM kjgarges@earthlink.net
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
PI ROLLING MEADOWS
PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA
SN 1547-5654
J9 J NEUROSURG-SPINE
JI J. Neurosurg.-Spine
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 1
BP 25
EP 32
DI 10.3171/2009.7.SPINE08504
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery
GA 536AX
UT WOS:000273015600006
PM 20043760
ER
PT J
AU Lin, Y
Williams, TV
Connell, JW
AF Lin, Yi
Williams, Tiffany V.
Connell, John W.
TI Soluble, Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; FUNCTIONALIZATION; GRAPHENE; SOLUBILIZATION;
NANORIBBONS; CHEMISTRY; GRAPHITE
AB Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), the isoelectric analogue of graphite, was functionalized using lipophilic and hydrophilic amine molecules. The functionalization induced the exfoliation of the layered structure of h-BN, resulting in few-layered and monolayered nanosheets soluble in common organic solvents and/or water. The soluble h-BN nanosheets were characterized using various solution-phase and solid-state techniques. For example, the optical extinction coefficients of the h-BN nanosheets in homogeneous dispersions were estimated to be much lower than those of graphene sheets, confirming their low-colored nature. Solution-phase NMR spectroscopy supported the mechanism that the amino groups of the functional molecules complex to the electron-deficient boron atoms on the h-BN nanosheet surfaces in terms of Lewis acid base interactions. Results from other microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations, Of these functionalized two-dimensional nanomaterials are also presented, and the implications of the reported versatile and effective functionalization strategy are discussed.
C1 [Lin, Yi] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Williams, Tiffany V.; Connell, John W.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Mat & Proc Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Lin, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Aerosp, 100 Explorat Way, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
EM yi.lin-1@nasa.gov
OI Williams, Tiffany/0000-0003-3463-9200
FU NASA [NNH06CC03B]; Langley Aerospace Research Summer Scholars (LARSS)
FX We thank Dr. W. Cao for experimental assistance in HR-TEM and D. Hartman
for XRD measurements. Y.L. was partially supported by an appointment to
the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Langley Research Center,
administered by ORAU through NASA Contract NNH06CC03B. T.V.W. was
supported by the Langley Aerospace Research Summer Scholars (LARSS)
Program.
NR 46
TC 212
Z9 214
U1 54
U2 321
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 277
EP 283
DI 10.1021/jz9002108
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 586KD
UT WOS:000276905600060
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, RT
Montgomery, DC
Jones, B
Parker, PA
AF Johnson, Rachel T.
Montgomery, Douglas C.
Jones, Bradley
Parker, Peter A.
TI Comparing Computer Experiments for Fitting High-Order Polynomial
Metamodels
SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Optimal Design; Response Surface; Space-Filling Design
ID MODELS; DESIGNS; EXAMPLE
AB The use of simulation as a modeling and analysis tool is wide spread. Simulation is an enabling tool for experimenting virtually on a validated computer environment. Often the underlying function for a computer experiment result has too much curvature to be adequately modeled by a low-order polynomial. In such cases, finding an appropriate experimental design is not easy. We evaluate several computer experiments assuming the modeler is interested in fitting a high-order polynomial to the response data considering both optimal and space-filling designs. We also introduce a new class of hybrid designs that can be used for deterministic or stochastic simulation models.
C1 [Johnson, Rachel T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Montgomery, Douglas C.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Ind Syst & Operat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Jones, Bradley] SAS Inst, JMP Div, Cary, NC 27513 USA.
[Parker, Peter A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Johnson, RT (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rtjohnso@nps.edu; doug.montgomery@asu.edu; Bradley.Jones@jmp.com;
peter.a.parker@nasa.gov
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC
PI MILWAUKEE
PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA
SN 0022-4065
J9 J QUAL TECHNOL
JI J. Qual. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 1
BP 86
EP 102
PG 17
WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science;
Statistics & Probability
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 541JS
UT WOS:000273411700007
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, GA
AF Schmidt, Gavin A.
TI Enhancing the relevance of palaeoclimate model/data comparisons for
assessments of future climate change
SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE palaeoclimate; modelling; PMIP; IPCC; climate sensitivity
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-SURFACE
TEMPERATURES; LAURENTIDE ICE-SHEET; SIMULATED CLIMATE; MIDDLE PLIOCENE;
EARLY HOLOCENE; UNITED-STATES; CHANGE EVENT; MIDHOLOCENE
AB I discuss the role of model/data comparisons for past climate changes and use of such comparisons for enhancing credibility in future projections. I outline a framework in which data synthesis combined with suitable modelling targets should be able to reduce uncertainty in both. By focusing on areas that the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment report (IPCC AR4) highlighted as being particularly uncertain in future projections, or where current models produce a very wide range of responses, the relevance of palaeoclimate data could be greatly enhanced. Specific targets include: the long-term behaviour of El Nino events and the potential response to volcanic and solar forcing; the variability of subtropical rainfall and the extent of the Hadley Circulation and their response to orbital and high-latitude forcing; ice sheet responses on submillennial timescales; multidecadal changes in the North Atlantic ocean circulation and, certainly, overall climate sensitivity. In each case, I highlight data synthesis steps and modelling approaches necessary for reducing the uncertainty. In particular, I stress the need for coordinated model simulation archives that are conformal to those used in simulations of the 20th century and beyond and the consistency of models used for past and future climate simulations. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Schmidt, Gavin A.] Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Schmidt, Gavin A.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Schmidt, GA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM gschmidt@giss.nasa.gov
RI Schmidt, Gavin/D-4427-2012
OI Schmidt, Gavin/0000-0002-2258-0486
FU NASA Modeling and Analysis
FX I would like to thank the editors for inviting me to submit this review
and the many people who I have discussed this topic with over the last
year or so. In particular, conversations at the Leverhulme Climate
Symposium in Cambridge (2008), the PAGES/CLIVAR workshop in Trieste
(2008) and at the International Conference on Paleoceanography in
Shanghai (2007) were extremely helpful. Special thanks to Mike Mann,
Peter Huybers, Eric Steig, Kim Cobb, Mark Sidall, Reto Knutti,
Jacqueline Fluckiger, Sandy Harrison, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Caspar Ammann
and Eric Wolff who have contributed (willingly or not) to making this a
much more rounded article. Comments from Sylvie Joussaume and Patrick
Bartlein on an early draft were very helpful. Climate modelling at GISS
is supported by the NASA Modeling and Analysis Program.
NR 59
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0267-8179
J9 J QUATERNARY SCI
JI J. Quat. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
SI SI
BP 79
EP 87
DI 10.1002/jqs.1314
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 545YS
UT WOS:000273773900008
ER
PT J
AU Rumsey, CL
AF Rumsey, Christopher L.
TI Compressibility Considerations for k-omega Turbulence Models in
Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Applications
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID SKIN FRICTION; HEAT TRANSFER; MACH NUMBERS; FLAT PLATE; FLOWS
AB The ability of k-omega models to predict compressible turbulent skin friction in hypersonic boundary layers is investigated. Although uncorrected two-equation models can agree well with correlations for hot-wall cases, they tend to perform progressively worse (particularly for cold walls) as the Mach number is increased in the hypersonic regime. Simple algebraic models such as Baldwin-Lomax perform better compared to experiments and correlations in these circumstances. Many of the compressibility corrections described in the literature are summarized here. These include corrections that have only a small influence for k-omega models or that apply only in specific circumstances. The most widely used general corrections were designed for use with jet or mixing-layer free-shear flows. A less-well-known dilatation-dissipation correction intended for boundary-layer flows is also tested and is shown to agree reasonably well with the Baldwin-Lomax model at cold-wall conditions. It exhibits a less dramatic influence than the free-shear type of correction. There is clearly a need for improved understanding and better overall physical modeling for turbulence models applied to hypersonic boundary-layer flows.
C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Computat Aerosci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Rumsey, CL (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Computat Aerosci Branch, Mail Stop 128, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
EI 1533-6794
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 11
EP 20
DI 10.2514/1.45350
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000001
ER
PT J
AU White, SM
AF White, S. M.
TI High-Temperature Spectrometer for Thermal Protection System Radiation
Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
AB To better characterize the response of thermal protection system materials to predicted near-infrared shock layer radiation, a new experimental system was developed to extend the measurement range of radiation transport parameters to high-temperature environments and relatively high-radiation fluxes. A port-able research-grade spectrometer was coupled with fiber optics in order to operate in a variety of harsh operating environments. Experimental results are presented from tests performed at the solar tower, which provided broadband nonpulsed visible and infrared radiation at relatively high-flux levels. Data from three low-density porous refractory fibrous materials are presented, including two shuttle tile materials (fibrous refractory composite insulation and Lockheed International) and one carbon fiber material. The results showed that thin 1 and 2 rum specimens of the ceramic tile materials acted as robust high-temperature gray filters in the near infrared, whereas thicker tile specimens (and 1 mm and thicker porous carbon fiber matrix samples tested) absorbed the incident radiation strongly and exhibited only thermal radiation spectral profiles.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Thermal Protect Mat & Syst Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP White, SM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Thermal Protect Mat & Syst Branch, Mail Stop 234-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
FU NASA
FX This work was supported by and performed for NASA's Crew Exploration
Vehicle TPS Advanced Development Project. The author would like to thank
many people for useful technical discussions and collaboration,
including Jim Arnold, Dave Bogdanoff, Brett Cruden, Don Ellerby, Jay
Grinstead, Bernard Laub, George Raiche, and Ethiraj Venkatapathy of NASA
Ames Research Center, Siu-Chun Lee of Applied Sciences, and Cheryl
Ghanbari, J. J. Kelton, Daniel Ray, and Rod Mahoney of Sandia National
Laboratory.
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 21
EP 28
DI 10.2514/1.45222
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000002
ER
PT J
AU Baumann, E
Pahle, JW
Davis, MC
White, JT
AF Baumann, Ethan
Pahle, Joseph W.
Davis, Mark C.
White, John Terry
TI X-43A Flush Airdata Sensing System Flight-Test Results
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference
CY AUG 18-21, 2008
CL Honolulu, HI
SP AIAA
AB NASA has flight tested a flush airdata sensing system on the Hyper-X research vehicle (X-43A) at hypersonic speeds during the course of two successful flights. The flush airdata sensing system was calibrated to operate between Mach 3 and Mach 8, and flight-test data were collected between Mach 1 and Mach 10. The flush airdata sensing system acquired pressure data from surface-mounted ports and generated a real-time angle-of-attack estimate onboard the X-43A. The collected data were primarily intended to evaluate the flush airdata sensing system performance, and the estimated angle of attack was used by the flight control algorithms on the X-43A for only a portion of the first successful flight. A separate set of algorithm calibrations based on wind-tunnel data was found to match the flight results better than the analytically derived calibrations at the lower Mach numbers. This paper provides an overview of the flush airdata sensing system and angle-of-attack estimation algorithms, the in-flight angle-of-attack estimation algorithm performance, and the comparisons between flight-test data, analytical predictions, and wind-tunnel results. Flight-test results indicate that the flush airdata sensing system is a viable technique for generating a real-time angle-of-attack estimate at hypersonic velocities.
C1 [Baumann, Ethan; Pahle, Joseph W.] NASA, Dryden Flight Res Ctr, Controls & Dynam Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA.
[Davis, Mark C.] NASA, Dryden Flight Res Ctr, Aerodynam & Prop Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA.
[White, John Terry] Tybrin Corp, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA.
RP Baumann, E (reprint author), NASA, Dryden Flight Res Ctr, Controls & Dynam Branch, POB 273 Mail Stop 4840D, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 48
EP 61
DI 10.2514/1.41163
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000005
ER
PT J
AU Gaier, JR
Siamidis, J
Larkin, EMG
AF Gaier, James R.
Siamidis, John
Larkin, Elizabeth M. G.
TI Effect of Simulated Lunar Dust on the Properties of Thermal Control
Surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
AB NASA Johnson Space Center's lunar simulant JSC-1AF has been applied to a white thermal control paint and a second-surface mirror thermal control surfaces on aluminum or composite substrates in a simulated lunar environment. The temperature of these surfaces was monitored as they were heated with a solar simulator and cooled in a 30 K cold box. Thermal modeling was used to determine the absorptivity (alpha) and emissivity (epsilon) of the thermal control surfaces in both their clean and dusted states. Then, a known amount of power was applied to the samples while in the cold box and the steady-state temperatures measured. It was found that even a submonolayer of simulated lunar dust can significantly degrade the performance of both white paint and second-surface mirror type radiators under simulated lunar conditions. Contrary to earlier studies, dust was found to affect epsilon as well as alpha. Dust lowered the emissivity by as much as 16% in the case of the white thermal control paint and raised it by as much as 11% in the case of the second-surface mirror. The degradation of thermal control surface by dust as measured by alpha/epsilon rose monotonically regardless of the thermal control coating or substrate, and extrapolated to degradation by a factor 3 at full coverage by dust. Submonolayer coatings of dust were found to not significantly change the steady-state temperature at which a shadowed thermal control surface will radiate.
C1 [Gaier, James R.] NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Space Environm & Expt Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Siamidis, John] NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Thermal Syst Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Larkin, Elizabeth M. G.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP Gaier, JR (reprint author), NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Space Environm & Expt Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 147
EP 152
DI 10.2514/1.41785
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000013
ER
PT J
AU Garrett, HB
Jun, I
Johnston, A
Edmonds, L
Evans, RW
AF Garrett, Henry B.
Jun, Insoo
Johnston, Allan
Edmonds, Larry
Evans, Robin W.
TI Analysis of Single-Event Upset Rates on the Clementine and Cassini
Solid-State Recorders
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 05-08, 2009
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID ION TRACKS; DRAMS
AB As part of a "data mining" effort to evaluate the value of ground testing in predicting the performance of microelectronics in space, the responses to single-event upsets of the Clementine 2.1 Gbit solid-state data recorder and two Cassini 2.5 Gbit solid-state recorders were analyzed. As the systems were tested for single-event upset sensitivities before flight, in situ estimates of the environments allow evaluation of single-event upset models and ground tests to predict flight performance using actual data. The recorders' dynamic random access memories, despite having different manufacturers, have similar single-event upset cross sections, permitting a comparison of environmental effects for two very different missions (lunar versus Saturn). Earlier studies had revealed upset rates of similar to 71 (Clementine) and similar to 280 bit flips/day (Cassini) due to the galactic cosmic ray background. Whereas there was no obvious correlation with solar and trapped protons for Clementine, the Cassini solid-state recorders demonstrated responses to both. This difference was explained by applying the Cassini proton cross sections to the Clementine observations, which showed that the proton upset rates were too low to be observed by Clementine. This study completes the original Clementine analyses and demonstrates agreement between Cassini upsets and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory SATRAD proton model. Finally, the pronounced lunar altitude dependence of Clementine upsets is shown to fit galactic cosmic ray flux variations due to lunar shielding.
C1 [Garrett, Henry B.; Jun, Insoo; Johnston, Allan; Edmonds, Larry] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Evans, Robin W.] Gibbel Corp, Montrose, CA 91020 USA.
RP Garrett, HB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 122-107,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 169
EP 176
DI 10.2514/1.43688
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000015
ER
PT J
AU Scott, JR
Martini, MC
AF Scott, James R.
Martini, Michael C.
TI High-Speed Solution of Spacecraft Trajectory Problems Using Taylor
Series Integration
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference
CY AUG 18-21, 2008
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Aeronaut & Astronaut, AAS
C1 [Scott, James R.] NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Syst Engn & Anal Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Martini, Michael C.] Analex Corp, Syst Engn & Anal Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Scott, JR (reprint author), NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Syst Engn & Anal Div, 21000 Brookpark Rd,Mail Stop 86-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 7
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 199
EP 202
DI 10.2514/1.43459
PG 4
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 558BT
UT WOS:000274716000018
ER
PT J
AU Vance, S
Brown, JM
AF Vance, Steve
Brown, J. Michael
TI Sound velocities and thermodynamic properties of water to 700 MPa and-10
to 100 degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PURE WATER; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; DISTILLED WATER; LIQUID WATER;
TEMPERATURE; SPEED; DENSITY
AB Sound velocities in liquid water were measured by the method of impulsive stimulated scattering in a sapphire-windowed high-pressure cell from -10 to 100 degrees C and pressures as high as 700 MPa. Velocity measurements are compared with previous experimental efforts relative to the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS-95) formulation for the equations of state. At 0 and -10 C, sound velocities are in agreement with the one previously published study at sub-zero temperatures to 350 MPa. At ambient and elevated temperatures, differences between the present measurements and IAPWS-95 velocities approach 0.5% near 700 MPa. Inversion of velocity data for density yields results within IAPWS-95 uncertainties, except at the highest temperatures, where elevated sound velocity at high pressure corresponds to as much as -0.2% disagreement with IAPWS-95. (C) 2010 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3257223]
C1 [Vance, Steve] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Brown, J. Michael] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Brown, J. Michael] Univ Washington, Astrobiol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Vance, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-401,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM svance@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DGE- 9870713]; NSF [EAR-0337796]; NASA
Astrobiology Institute [NNX08AQ51G]; NASA [NNG06GF81G]; Jet Propulsion
Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology
FX The majority of the work presented here was performed while S.V. was a
student at the University of Washington, supported by National Science
Foundation's IGERT program (Grant No. DGE- 9870713), "IGERT:
Astrobiology: Life in and beyond Earth's Solar System," NSF Award No.
EAR-0337796, and the NASA Astrobiology Institute and NASA Outer Planets
Research Program Award Nos. NNX08AQ51G and NNG06GF81G. Later
measurements and analysis were supported by the Icy Worlds node of
NASA's Astrobiology Institute, the NASA Postdoctoral Program, and the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology.
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 10
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 127
IS 1
BP 174
EP 180
DI 10.1121/1.3257223
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 540UF
UT WOS:000273364700022
PM 20058961
ER
PT J
AU Acree, CW
AF Acree, C. W., Jr.
TI Impact of Aerodynamics and Structures Technology on Heavy Lift
Tiltrotors
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Rotor performance and aeroelastic stability are presented for a 124,000-lb large civil tilt rotor (LCTR) design. It was designed to carry 120 passengers for 1200 nm, with performance of 350 kt at 30,000-ft altitude. Design features include a low-mounted wing and hingeless rotors, with a very low cruise tip speed of 350 ft/s. The rotor and wing design processes are described, including rotor optimization methods and wing/rotor aeroelastic stability analyses. New rotor airfoils were designed specifically for the LCTR; the resulting performance improvements are compared to current technology airfoils. Twist, taper, and precone optimization are presented, along with the effects of blade flexibility on performance. A new wing airfoil was designed, and a composite structure was developed to meet the wing load requirements for certification. Predictions of aeroelastic stability are presented for the optimized rotor and wing, along with summaries of the effects of rotor design parameters on stability.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Acree, CW (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Cecil.W.Acree@nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0002-8711
J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC
JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 1
AR 012002
DI 10.4050/JAHS.55.012002
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 745CN
UT WOS:000289141600003
ER
PT J
AU Bousman, WG
Norman, T
AF Bousman, William G.
Norman, Thomas
TI Assessment of Predictive Capability of Aeromechanics Methods
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HELICOPTER; ROTORS
AB A technique is described based on simple statistics that can be used to assess the accuracy of analytical predictions compared to measurements. It is demonstrated that the approach can be applied to a broad range of problems in the area of helicopter aeromechanics, including hover and forward flight performance, blade aerodynamic and structural loads, vibratory forces, and aeroelastic/aeromechanical stability. The method described has both strengths and weaknesses, and these are shown with examples and discussed. It is also shown that there is currently a hierarchy of accuracy in aeromechanics problems, ranging from the necessarily accurate methods for performance prediction to the inaccurate and untrustworthy calculations of fixed-system vibration.
C1 [Bousman, William G.] Quercus Associates SL, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Norman, Thomas] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Bousman, WG (reprint author), Quercus Associates SL, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
EM barlowi@earthlink.net
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0002-8711
J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC
JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 1
AR 012001
DI 10.4050/JAHS.55.012001
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 745CN
UT WOS:000289141600002
ER
PT J
AU Sargent, DC
Schmitz, FH
Sim, BW
AF Sargent, D. Caleb
Schmitz, Fredric H.
Sim, Ben W.
TI In-Flight Array Measurements of Tail Rotor Harmonic Noise
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Acoustic data utilizing a unique flying microphone boom array were processed and analyzed using a time domain averaging technique, based on a theoretical tail rotor one-per-rev signal, to obtain tail rotor acoustic time histories for forward and descending flight. This flying microphone array approach provides useful insight into the directivity and noise mechanisms associated with the harmonic noise generated by the Bell 206B tail rotor. Comparisons between linear harmonic noise theory and the time-averaged experimental data show good agreement and indicate that the average harmonic noise of the 206B is dominated by thickness noise near the tip path plane of the tail rotor and by loading noise at the out-of-plane microphone positions. The data also provide trends associated with the overall sound pressure level (OASPL) for both forward velocity and descent angle. A significant variance about the tail rotor harmonic noise is also shown, possibly indicating that other sources of aperiodic tail rotor harmonic noise may be important.
C1 [Sargent, D. Caleb; Schmitz, Fredric H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sim, Ben W.] AFDD, UARC, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA.
RP Sargent, DC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM calsarge@umd.edu
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0002-8711
J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC
JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 1
AR 012006
DI 10.4050/JAHS.55.012006
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 745CN
UT WOS:000289141600007
ER
PT J
AU Yeo, H
Sinsay, JD
Acree, CW
AF Yeo, Hyeonsoo
Sinsay, Jeffrey D.
Acree, C. W., Jr.
TI Selection of Rotor Solidity for Heavy Lift Tiltrotor Design
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB The process of rotor blade area sizing during conceptual design was explored for the design of military and civil heavy lift tiltrotors. The use of the comprehensive rotorcraft analysis CAMRAD II was investigated as an aid to aircraft sizing, performed in the RC design code. Hover, cruise, and turn performance calculations were conducted on a initial design from RC with CAMRAD II. The results of this were then fed back into RC and the designs updated. A sustained, level-altitude, 45-deg bank angle, coordinated turn capability at 80 kt was chosen as the critical maneuver condition. This quasi-steady-state condition was modeled in CAMRAD II. Three different ways, appropriate for conceptual design, to quantify the necessary rotor solidity for the maneuver were examined: (I) total power required, (2) a rotor stall boundary as defined by the slope of aircraft power, and (3) a rotor stall boundary defined by the rise in rotor profile power. Stall boundary, defined by a rise in rotor profile power, was identified as the preferred way to select rotor solidity in maneuver. The method developed shows promise as a reasonable approach to accessing rotor solidity requirements during conceptual design.
C1 [Yeo, Hyeonsoo; Sinsay, Jeffrey D.] USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMRDEC, Ames Res Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command, Moffett Field, CA USA.
[Acree, C. W., Jr.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aeromech Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Yeo, H (reprint author), USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMRDEC, Ames Res Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command, Moffett Field, CA USA.
EM hyeonsoo.yeo@us.army.mil
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0002-8711
J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC
JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 1
AR 012010
DI 10.4050/JAHS.55.012010
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 745CN
UT WOS:000289141600011
ER
PT J
AU Tian, L
Heymsfield, GM
Heymsfield, AJ
Bansemer, A
Li, LH
Twohy, CH
Srivastava, RC
AF Tian, Lin
Heymsfield, Gerald M.
Heymsfield, Andrew J.
Bansemer, Aaron
Li, Lihua
Twohy, Cynthia H.
Srivastava, Ramesh C.
TI A Study of Cirrus Ice Particle Size Distribution Using TC4 Observations
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINDROP SPECTRA; WATER-CONTENT; ER-2 AIRCRAFT; RADAR SYSTEM; CLOUD
RADAR; PARAMETERIZATION; MIDLATITUDE; SNOW
AB An analysis of two days of in situ observations of ice particle size spectra, in convectively generated cirrus, obtained during NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud, and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission is presented. The observed spectra are examined for their fit to the exponential, gamma, and lognormal function distributions. Characteristic particle size and concentration density scales are determined using two (for the exponential) or three (for the gamma and lognormal functions) moments of the spectra. It is shown that transformed exponential, gamma, and lognormal distributions should collapse onto standard curves. An examination of the transformed spectra, and of deviations of the transformed spectra from the standard curves, shows that the lognormal function provides a better fit to the observed spectra.
C1 [Heymsfield, Gerald M.; Li, Lihua] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Tian, Lin; Srivastava, Ramesh C.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Heymsfield, Andrew J.; Bansemer, Aaron] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Twohy, Cynthia H.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Srivastava, Ramesh C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Tian, L (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 613-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM tian@agnes.gsfc.nasa.gov
RI Heymsfield, Andrew/E-7340-2011
FU NASA; Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center
FX We thank Ed Zenker and Paul Racette for their engineering support. This
work and the radar and in situ data collection were supported by the TC4
campaign sponsored by the NASA Radiation Sciences Program. Prof. Ramesh
Srivastava was supported by a Goddard visiting fellowship at the Goddard
Earth Sciences and Technology Center.
NR 25
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 1
BP 195
EP 216
DI 10.1175/2009JAS3114.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 549WV
UT WOS:000274086000011
ER
PT J
AU Chae, JH
Sherwood, SC
AF Chae, Jung Hyo
Sherwood, Steven C.
TI Insights into Cloud-Top Height and Dynamics from the Seasonal Cycle of
Cloud-Top Heights Observed by MISR in the West Pacific Region
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURES; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; DEEP
CONVECTION; VERTICAL VELOCITY; OCEANIC CONVECTION; RADIATIVE IMPACTS;
RESOLVING MODEL; NAURU-ISLAND; TOGA COARE; CIRRUS
AB The connection between environmental stability and the height of tropical deep convective clouds is analyzed using stereo cloud height data from the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), focusing on the seasonal cycle of clouds over the western Pacific Ocean. Three peaks in cloud-top height representing low, mid-topped, and deep convective clouds are found as in previous studies. The optically thickest cloud heights are roughly 2 km higher on the summer side of the equator, where CAPE is higher, than on the winter side. Overall cloud height, however, is about the same on both sides of the equator, but; 600 m higher in December-February (DJF) than in June-August (JJA). Because of variations in stratospheric upwelling, temperatures near the tropopause exhibit a significant seasonal cycle, mainly above 13 km. Using an ensemble of simulations by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) cloud-resolving model and a simple overshooting parcel calculation, the authors show that the cloud height variation can be explained by that of near-tropopause stability changes, including influence from heights above 14 km, even though the cloud height peaks only near 12 km. This suggests that mixing above cloud top-not typically accounted for in simple models of convection-is important in setting the height of the laminar (anvil) high clouds that result. The MISR data indicate a seasonal variation in peak cloud-top temperature of; 5 K, despite the recent proposal that cloud-top heights should track a fixed isotherm. That proposal must therefore be applied with caution to any climate-change scenario that may involve significant changes in stratospheric upwelling.
C1 [Chae, Jung Hyo; Sherwood, Steven C.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Chae, JH (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM junghyo.chae@aya.yale.edu
RI Sherwood, Steven/B-5673-2008; Chae, Jung Hyo/E-5296-2010
OI Sherwood, Steven/0000-0001-7420-8216;
FU NASA IDS [NNG04GH66G]
FX We thank F. Robinson for his help in running the WRF model, and C.
Maroney and the rest of the MISR science team for help and advice. This
research was funded by NASA IDS Grant NNG04GH66G.
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 1
BP 248
EP 261
DI 10.1175/2009JAS3099.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 549WV
UT WOS:000274086000014
ER
PT J
AU Smart, MC
Ratnakumar, BV
Chin, KB
Whitcanack, LD
AF Smart, M. C.
Ratnakumar, B. V.
Chin, K. B.
Whitcanack, L. D.
TI Lithium-Ion Electrolytes Containing Ester Cosolvents for Improved Low
Temperature Performance
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID BATTERIES; CELLS; IMPEDANCE; INTERCALATION; CARBONATES; GRAPHITE; LIBOB
AB As part of our continuing efforts to develop advanced electrolytes to improve the performance of lithium-ion cells, especially at low temperatures, we have identified a number of electrolyte cosolvents that can be incorporated into multicomponent electrolyte formulations for enhanced performance, especially at very low temperatures (down to -70 degrees C). In the current work, we investigated a number of ester cosolvents, namely methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, propyl butyrate, and butyl butyrate, in multicomponent electrolytes of the following composition: 1.0 M LiPF(6) in ethylene carbonate (EC) + ethyl methyl carbonate + X (20:60:20 vol. %) [where X = ester cosolvent]. Emphasis was placed upon determining the effect of electrolyte type upon the low temperature performance in experimental meso-carbon microbeads-LiNi(x)Co(1-x)O(2) cells (equipped with reference electrodes) and characterizing their influence upon the lithium intercalation/deintercalation kinetics. These cells were subjected to electrical characterization (charge and discharge at different temperatures and rates) as well as electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization, and Tafel polarization measurements). These electrolytes have been optimized to provide good low temperature performance (down to -60 degrees C), while still offering reasonable high temperature resilience to produce the desired wide operating temperature systems (-60 to +60 degrees C). This has primarily been achieved by fixing the EC-content at 20% and the ester cosolvent at 20% in contrast to the previously developed systems. (C) 2010 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3501236] All rights reserved.
C1 [Smart, M. C.; Ratnakumar, B. V.; Chin, K. B.; Whitcanack, L. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Smart, MC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM marshall.c.smart@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); NASA-Exploration
Systems Mission Directorate (ESRT); Department of Energy
FX The work described here was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and under
sponsorship of the NASA-Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESRT)
and the Department of Energy (BATT Program-LBNL).
NR 38
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 53
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 12
BP A1361
EP A1374
DI 10.1149/1.3501236
PG 14
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 676SH
UT WOS:000283938300013
ER
PT J
AU West, WC
Shevade, A
Soler, J
Kulleck, J
Smart, MC
Ratnakumar, BV
Moran, M
Haiges, R
Christe, KO
Prakash, GKS
AF West, W. C.
Shevade, A.
Soler, J.
Kulleck, J.
Smart, M. C.
Ratnakumar, B. V.
Moran, Matthew
Haiges, Ralf
Christe, Karl O.
Prakash, G. K. Surya
TI Sulfuryl and Thionyl Halide-Based Ultralow Temperature Primary Batteries
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE discharges (electric); electric impedance measurement; electrochemical
electrodes; gallium compounds; ionic conductivity; lithium compounds;
secondary cells
ID CHLORIDE FLUORIDE; PERFORMANCE
AB Catholyte formulations were examined for lithium primary batteries with the goal to develop ultralow temperature capable batteries. These catholyte solutions were studied in terms of ionic conductivity, film forming properties, and discharge characteristics. Impedance measurements indicated that LiGaCl(4) dissolved in sulfuryl chloride fluoride and that chlorodifluoromethane formed stable passive films at both the lithium anode and porous carbon cathode. Cells incorporating these catholytes could be discharged for as low as -130 degrees C, which is approximately 50 degrees C lower in temperature than any other battery chemistry ever reported, to our knowledge.
C1 [West, W. C.; Shevade, A.; Soler, J.; Kulleck, J.; Smart, M. C.; Ratnakumar, B. V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Electrochem Technol Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Moran, Matthew; Haiges, Ralf; Christe, Karl O.; Prakash, G. K. Surya] Univ So Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Moran, Matthew; Haiges, Ralf; Christe, Karl O.; Prakash, G. K. Surya] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP West, WC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Electrochem Technol Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM william.c.west@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014;
OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519; Haiges, Ralf/0000-0003-4151-3593
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration. The authors thank S. R. Narayanan for fruitful
discussions and guidance throughout the project.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 17
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 5
BP A571
EP A577
DI 10.1149/1.3353235
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 581WF
UT WOS:000276555300003
ER
PT J
AU Ricklick, M
Kapat, JS
Heidmann, J
AF Ricklick, Mark
Kapat, J. S.
Heidmann, James
TI Sidewall Effects on Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Narrow Impingement
Channel
SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 05-08, 2009
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID CROSS-FLOW; JETS; ARRAY
AB This paper examines the local and averaged effects of channel height in the presence of sidewalls on heat transfer coefficients, with special attention given to the sidewall behavior. High resolution local heat transfer coefficient distributions on target and sidewall surfaces were computed using temperature sensitive paint, recorded via a scientific-grade charge-coupled device camera, and compared with available literature. This is important, as many of the major correlations related to impingement channels are directly applicable to wide arrays of jets, for which the influence of the presence of sidewalls is minimal. Streamwise pressure distributions were recorded and used to explain heat transfer trends and to determine the thermal effectiveness of each channel. Results are presented for average jet-based Reynolds numbers between 17,000 and 45,000. All experiments were carried out on a large-scale single-row 15-hole impingement channel (with an X/D of 5, a Y/D of 4, and a Z/D of 1, 3 and 5). It was observed that available correlations accurately predict the target surface beat transfer coefficients when the influence of the sidewall is minimal, typically at larger channel heights and lower Reynolds numbers. Smaller channel heights tend to outperform larger channels, when considering thermal effectiveness and channel-averaged heat transfer rates, due to the increased heat transfer on the channel sidewalls.
C1 [Ricklick, Mark; Kapat, J. S.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Lab Turbine Heat Transfer & Aerodynam, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Heidmann, James] NASA John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Turbomachinery & Heat Transfer Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Ricklick, M (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Lab Turbine Heat Transfer & Aerodynam, 813 Murdock Blvd, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0887-8722
J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR
JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 123
EP 132
DI 10.2514/1.44166
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 550GR
UT WOS:000274116800013
ER
PT J
AU Silk, EA
Bracken, P
AF Silk, Eric A.
Bracken, Philip
TI Spray Cooling Heat Flux Performance Using POCO HTC Foam
SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFER MECHANISM; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; SATURATED FC-72; WATER SPRAY;
IMPACT; ENHANCEMENT; GRAPHITE
AB Previous studies have shown that spray cooling heat flux enhancement may be attained using enhanced surfaces. Most enhanced surface spray cooling studies have been performed using either extended or embedded surface structures. The present study investigates the effect of POCO HTC foam on spray cooling heat flux. The copper blocks used in the heat flux performance study had a cross-sectional area of 2.0 cm(2). The POCO HTC foam pieces were attached to the copper blocks using two different bonding techniques. These were S-Bond (R) soldering and high thermal conductivity epoxy as the thermal interface material. Measurements were also obtained on a heater block with a flat surface for purposes of baseline comparison. A 2 x 2 nozzle array was used with PF-5060 as the working fluid. Thermal performance data was obtained under nominally degassed conditions (chamber pressure of 41.4 kPa). Results show that the highest heat flux attained was 133 W/cm(2) using the graphite POCO HTC foam with a nozzle-to-foam distance of 17 mm.
C1 [Silk, Eric A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryogen & Fluids Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Bracken, Philip] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Jonsson Engn Ctr, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Silk, EA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryogen & Fluids Branch, Bldg 7,Room 109, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Eric.A.Silk@nasa.gov
FU Internal Research and Development Fund; Thermal Engineering Branch at
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
FX This research was supported by the Internal Research and Development
Fund and the Thermal Engineering Branch at NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center. Special thanks are given to Mario Martins, Richard Freburger,
Jim Dye, and Alice Rector of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for their
test support, as well as Parker Hannifin's Gas Turbine Fluid Systems
Division for supplying the spray nozzle.
NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0887-8722
J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR
JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 157
EP 164
DI 10.2514/1.44089
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 550GR
UT WOS:000274116800016
ER
PT J
AU Chatterjee, A
Wang, A
Lera, M
Bhattacharya, S
AF Chatterjee, Anuran
Wang, Angela
Lera, Matthew
Bhattacharya, Sharmila
TI Lunar Soil Simulant Uptake Produces a Concentration-Dependent Increase
in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Murine RAW 264.7
Macrophage Cells
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; PULMONARY TOXICITY; MARTIAN DUSTS;
INFLAMMATION; MICE; INOS; RATS
AB One of NASA's long-term objectives is to be able to stay on the moon for extended periods, and to provide a stepping-stone for future Mars explorations. The lunar soil simulant JSC-1 has been developed by NASA from volcanic ash found in Arizona to facilitate testing of toxicity and system requirements for lunar exploration. A concentration-response study of JSC-1 was undertaken on the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Results demonstrated concentrations of 50-2000 g/ml JSC-1 induced enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Data suggest that extraterrestrial regolith has the potential to induce an inflammatory response, and that future development of anti-inflammatory mitigative strategies may be necessary to counteract lunar dust-associated cellular toxicity.
C1 [Bhattacharya, Sharmila] NASA, Biomodel Performance Res Lab, Radiat & Space Biotechnol Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Lera, Matthew] NASA, Howard & Houston Engn Inc, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Bhattacharya, S (reprint author), NASA, Biomodel Performance Res Lab, Radiat & Space Biotechnol Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Mailstop 236-5,Bldg N236,Room 213, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM sharmila.bhattacharya@nasa.gov
RI Wang, Angela/B-9944-2008
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 9
BP 623
EP 626
AR PII 919728256
DI 10.1080/15287390903578182
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 594VF
UT WOS:000277566600006
PM 20391141
ER
PT J
AU McDermott, KC
Malkoc, G
Mulligan, JB
Webster, MA
AF McDermott, Kyle C.
Malkoc, Gokhan
Mulligan, Jeffrey B.
Webster, Michael A.
TI Adaptation and visual salience
SO JOURNAL OF VISION
LA English
DT Article
DE color vision; eye movements; search; attention; plasticity
ID CONTRAST GAIN-CONTROL; COLOR APPEARANCE; DISTRACTOR HETEROGENEITY;
CHROMATIC MECHANISMS; MOTION ADAPTATION; CONE-EXCITATION; POP-OUT;
SEARCH; ATTENTION; LUMINANCE
AB We examined how the salience of color is affected by adaptation to different color distributions. Observers searched for a color target on a dense background of distractors varying along different directions in color space. Prior adaptation to the backgrounds enhanced search on the same background while adaptation to orthogonal background directions slowed detection. Advantages of adaptation were seen for both contrast adaptation (to different color axes) and chromatic adaptation (to different mean chromaticities). Control experiments, including analyses of eye movements during the search, suggest that these aftereffects are unlikely to reflect simple learning or changes in search strategies on familiar backgrounds, and instead result from how adaptation alters the relative salience of the target and background colors. Comparable effects were observed along different axes in the chromatic plane or for axes defined by different combinations of luminance and chromatic contrast, consistent with visual search and adaptation mediated by multiple color mechanisms. Similar effects also occurred for color distributions characteristic of natural environments with strongly selective color gamuts. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that adaptation may play an important functional role in highlighting the salience of novel stimuli by discounting ambient properties of the visual environment.
C1 [McDermott, Kyle C.; Malkoc, Gokhan; Webster, Michael A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Psychol 296, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Malkoc, Gokhan] Dogus Univ, Dept Psychol, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Mulligan, Jeffrey B.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Webster, MA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Psychol 296, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM mwebster@unr.edu
FU NIH [EY-10834]; Nevada NASA EPSCoR
FX This work was supported by NIH EY-10834 and a Nevada NASA EPSCoR
Collaborative Pilot Grant.
NR 85
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 12
PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA
SN 1534-7362
J9 J VISION
JI J. Vision
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 13
AR 17
DI 10.1167/10.13.17
PG 32
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 726MW
UT WOS:000287727600009
PM 21106682
ER
PT B
AU Wilson, SA
Moore, JM
Howard, AD
Wilhelms, DE
AF Wilson, Sharon A.
Moore, Jeffrey M.
Howard, Alan D.
Wilhelms, Don E.
BE Cabrol, NA
Grin, EA
TI Evidence for ancient lakes in the Hellas region
SO LAKES ON MARS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LOBATE DEBRIS APRONS; MARS ORBITER CAMERA; VALLEY FORMATION;
MARGARITIFER SINUS; VOLCANIC GEOLOGY; MARTIAN VOLCANOS; SUMMIT SNOWPACK;
THERMAL INERTIA; EVOLUTION; BASIN
C1 [Wilson, Sharon A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Moore, Jeffrey M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Howard, Alan D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Wilhelms, Don E.] US Geol Survey, Branch Astrogeol, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Wilson, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
OI Howard, Alan/0000-0002-5423-1600
NR 89
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-093162-3; 978-0-444-52854-4
PY 2010
BP 195
EP 222
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-52854-4.00007-6
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA BEM52
UT WOS:000317360100009
ER
PT J
AU Parker, TJ
Grant, JA
Franklin, BJ
AF Parker, Timothy J.
Grant, John A.
Franklin, Brenda J.
BE Cabrol, NA
Grin, EA
TI The northern plains: A Martian oceanic basin?
SO LAKES ON MARS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID COASTAL GEOMORPHOLOGY; SEDIMENTARY DEPOSITS; ANCIENT OCEANS; MARS;
MISSION; TESTS; WATER
C1 [Parker, Timothy J.; Franklin, Brenda J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Grant, John A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Parker, TJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-093162-3
PY 2010
BP 249
EP 273
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-52854-4.00009-X
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA BEM52
UT WOS:000317360100011
ER
PT S
AU Whitehead, J
Grieve, RAF
Garvin, JB
Spray, JG
AF Whitehead, J.
Grieve, R. A. F.
Garvin, J. B.
Spray, J. G.
BE Gibson, RL
Reimold, WU
TI The effects of crater degradation and target differences on the
morphologies of Martian complex craters
SO LARGE METEORITE IMPACTS AND PLANETARY EVOLUTION IV
SE Geological Society of America Special Papers
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; MARS
AB We compared the target types and the morphologies and morphometries of various features within fresh complex craters on Mars to assess target dependence. The wide scatter in depth-diameter data from Martian craters is more pronounced than for lunar or Mercurian craters. This was previously assumed to be predominantly due to significant degrees of denudation and secondary infilling of the Martian craters. However, our data for fresh craters still exhibit a wide variation, which we interpret to be the result of comparatively higher target heterogeneity on Mars. Complex central peaks exhibit some crater diameter dependence, preferentially occurring in craters >50 km. Neither peak complexity nor geometry shows any statistical correlation with target type. Although central peak heights and aspect ratios do not exhibit any clear target dependence, they do appear to be correlated-higher peaks possess narrower aspect ratios. Floor and summit pits appear to be more common on lava targets than sedimentary targets, contrary to earlier studies with smaller sample sizes. This observation imposes additional constraints on models proposed for the origin of pits, especially those models that require the presence of volatiles in the target.
The ability to correlate target type with crater morphologies/morphometries is highly contingent upon both the surface geology and the actual geology at depth. Some weak correlations may reflect our current limited understanding of the subsurface geology of Mars. Information on the deeper lithologies acquired through future missions may help resolve the true effect of subsurface competence on intracrater structure.
C1 [Whitehead, J.] St Thomas Univ, Fredericton, NB E3B 5G3, Canada.
[Grieve, R. A. F.] Nat Resources Canada, Earth Sci Sector, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada.
[Garvin, J. B.] NASA Headquarters, Off Administrator, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Spray, J. G.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Geol, Planetary & Space Sci Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada.
RP Whitehead, J (reprint author), St Thomas Univ, Fredericton, NB E3B 5G3, Canada.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC
PI BOULDER
PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA
SN 0072-1077
BN 978-0-8137-2465-2
J9 GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP
PY 2010
VL 465
BP 67
EP 80
DI 10.1130/2010.2465(05)
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA BTA55
UT WOS:000286213800006
ER
PT S
AU Yu, AW
Li, SX
Stephen, MA
Seas, A
Troupaki, E
Vasilyev, A
Conley, H
Filemyr, T
Kirchner, C
Rosanova, A
AF Yu, Anthony W.
Li, Steven X.
Stephen, Mark A.
Seas, Antonios
Troupaki, Elisavet
Vasilyev, Aleksey
Conley, Heather
Filemyr, Tim
Kirchner, Cindy
Rosanova, Alberto
BE Dubinskii, M
Post, SG
TI 885-nm Laser Diode Array Pumped Ceramic Nd:YAG Master Oscillator Power
Amplifier System
SO LASER TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFENSE AND SECURITY VI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Laser Technology for Defense and Security VI
CY APR 05-06, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Space Laser Transmitter; Solid State Lasers
ID ALTIMETER; EMISSION; LEVEL
AB The objective of this effort is to develop more reliable, higher efficieny diode pumped Nd:YAG laser systems for space applications by leveraging technology investments from the DoD and other commercial industries. Our goal is to design, build, test and demonstrate the effectiveness of combining 885 nm laser pump diodes and the use of ceramic Nd:YAG for future flight missions. The significant reduction in thermal loading on the gain medium by the use of 885 nm pump lasers will improve system efficiency.
C1 [Yu, Anthony W.; Li, Steven X.; Stephen, Mark A.; Seas, Antonios; Kirchner, Cindy] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Laser & Electroopt Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Yu, AW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Laser & Electroopt Branch, MC 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM anthony.w.yu@nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8150-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7686
AR 76860G
DI 10.1117/12.849596
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSS86
UT WOS:000285717900012
ER
PT S
AU Giannakopoulou, D
Pasareanu, CS
AF Giannakopoulou, Dimitra
Pasareanu, Corina S.
BE Margaria, T
Steffen, B
TI Learning Techniques for Software Verification and Validation - Special
Track at ISoLA 2010
SO LEVERAGING APPLICATIONS OF FORMAL METHODS, VERIFICATION, AND VALIDATION,
PT I
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal
Methods, Verification and Validation
CY OCT 18-21, 2010
CL Heraklion, GREECE
SP European Assoc Software Sci & Technol, TU Dortmund, Univ Potsdam
C1 [Giannakopoulou, Dimitra; Pasareanu, Corina S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Giannakopoulou, D (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM dimitra.giannakopoulou@nasa.gov; corina.s.pasareanu@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-16557-3
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6415
BP 640
EP 642
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-16558-0_51
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUJ14
UT WOS:000289493100051
ER
PT S
AU Beyon, JY
Koch, GJ
Kavaya, MJ
AF Beyon, Jeffrey Y.
Koch, Grady J.
Kavaya, Michael J.
BE Singh, UN
Mizutani, K
TI Development of the Data Acquisition and Processing System for a Pulsed
2-Micron Coherent Doppler Lidar System
SO LIDAR REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING XI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XI
CY OCT 12-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Coherent lidar; GRIP; wind profile; DAWN AIR
AB A general overview of the development of a data acquisition and processing system is presented for a pulsed, 2-micron coherent Doppler Lidar system located in NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, USA. It is a comprehensive system that performs high-speed data acquisition, analysis, and data display both in real time and offline. The first flight missions are scheduled for the summer of 2010 as part of the NASA Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) campaign for the study of hurricanes. The system as well as the control software is reviewed and its requirements and unique features are discussed.
C1 [Beyon, Jeffrey Y.; Koch, Grady J.; Kavaya, Michael J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Beyon, JY (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 488, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Jeffrey.Y.Beyon@nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8390-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7860
AR 78600A
DI 10.1117/12.871965
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO87
UT WOS:000287655500006
ER
PT S
AU Beyon, JY
Koch, GJ
Yu, JR
Singh, UN
Kavaya, MJ
VanValkenburg, RL
AF Beyon, Jeffrey Y.
Koch, Grady J.
Yu, Jirong
Singh, Upendra N.
Kavaya, Michael J.
VanValkenburg, Randal L.
BE Singh, UN
Mizutani, K
TI Energy Measurement Studies for CO(2) Measurement with a Coherent Doppler
Lidar System
SO LIDAR REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING XI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XI
CY OCT 12-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Coherent lidar; CO(2); Differential Absorption Lidar; energy estimation
AB The accurate measurement of energy in the application of lidar system for CO(2) measurement is critical. Different techniques of energy estimation in the online and offline pulses are investigated for post processing of lidar returns. The cornerstone of the technique is the accurate estimation of the spectrum of lidar signal and background noise. Since the background noise is not the ideal white Gaussian noise, simple average level estimation of noise level is not well fit in the energy estimation of lidar signal and noise. A brief review of the methods is presented in this paper.
C1 [Beyon, Jeffrey Y.; Koch, Grady J.; Yu, Jirong; Singh, Upendra N.; Kavaya, Michael J.; VanValkenburg, Randal L.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Beyon, JY (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 488, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Jeffrey.Y.Beyon@nasa.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8390-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7860
AR 786007
DI 10.1117/12.871966
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO87
UT WOS:000287655500004
ER
PT S
AU VanValkenburg, RL
Beyon, JY
Koch, GJ
Yu, JR
Singh, UN
Kavaya, MJ
AF VanValkenburg, Randal L.
Beyon, Jeffrey Y.
Koch, Grady J.
Yu, Jirong
Singh, Upendra N.
Kavaya, Michael J.
BE Singh, UN
Mizutani, K
TI Design of control software for a high-speed coherent Doppler lidar
system for CO(2) measurement
SO LIDAR REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING XI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XI
CY OCT 12-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Coherent Lidar; Data Acquisition; Differential Absorption Lidar;
Software; CO(2) Measurement
ID LASER
AB The design of the software for a 2-micron coherent high-speed Doppler lidar system for CO(2) measurement at NASA Langley Research Center is discussed in this paper. The specific strategy and design topology to meet the requirements of the system are reviewed. In order to attain the high-speed digitization of the different types of signals to be sampled on multiple channels, a carefully planned design of the control software is imperative. Samples of digitized data from each channel and their roles in data analysis post processing are also presented. Several challenges of extremely-fast, high volume data acquisition are discussed. The software must check the validity of each lidar return as well as other monitoring channel data in real-time. For such high-speed data acquisition systems, the software is a key component that enables the entire scope of CO(2) measurement studies using commercially available system components.
C1 [VanValkenburg, Randal L.; Beyon, Jeffrey Y.; Koch, Grady J.; Yu, Jirong; Singh, Upendra N.; Kavaya, Michael J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP VanValkenburg, RL (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 472, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Randal.L.VanValkenburg@nasa.gov; Jeffrey.Y.Beyon@nasa.gov;
Grady.J.Koch@nasa.gov; J.Yu@nasa.gov; Upendra.N.Singh@nasa.gov;
Michael.J.Kavaya@nasa.gov; Upendra.N.Singh@nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8390-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7860
AR 786008
DI 10.1117/12.871967
PG 7
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO87
UT WOS:000287655500005
ER
PT S
AU Yu, JR
Petros, M
Chen, SS
Bai, YX
Petzar, PJ
Trieu, BC
Koch, GJ
Beyon, JY
VanValkenburg, RL
Kavaya, MJ
Singh, UN
AF Yu, Jirong
Petros, Mulugeta
Chen, Songsheng
Bai, Yingxin
Petzar, Paul J.
Trieu, Bo C.
Koch, Grady J.
Beyon, Jeffrey Y.
VanValkenburg, Randal L.
Kavaya, Michael J.
Singh, Upendra N.
BE Singh, UN
Mizutani, K
TI A Two Micron Coherent Differential Absorption Lidar Development
SO LIDAR REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING XI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XI
CY OCT 12-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Differential Absorption Lidar; Near Infrared Laser
ID LASER; CO2
AB A pulsed, 2-mu m coherent Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) / Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) transceiver, developed under the Laser Risk Reduction Program (LRRP) at NASA, is integrated into a fully functional lidar instrument. This instrument measures atmospheric CO(2) profiles (by DIAL) from a ground platform. It allows the investigators to pursue subsequent in science-driven deployments, and provides a unique tool for Active Sensing of CO(2) Emissions over Night, Days, and Seasons (ASCENDS) validation that was strongly advocated in the recent ASCENDS Workshop.
C1 [Yu, Jirong; Chen, Songsheng; Petzar, Paul J.; Trieu, Bo C.; Koch, Grady J.; Beyon, Jeffrey Y.; VanValkenburg, Randal L.; Kavaya, Michael J.; Singh, Upendra N.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Yu, JR (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8390-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7860
AR 786006
DI 10.1117/12.873318
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO87
UT WOS:000287655500003
ER
PT S
AU Abshire, JB
Riris, H
Allan, GR
Weaver, CJ
Mao, JP
Sun, XL
Hasselbrack, WE
Yu, A
Amediek, A
Choi, Y
Browell, EV
AF Abshire, James B.
Riris, Haris
Allan, Graham R.
Weaver, Clark J.
Mao, Jianping
Sun, Xiaoli
Hasselbrack, William E.
Yu, Anthony
Amediek, Axel
Choi, Yonghoon
Browell, Edward V.
BE Singh, UN
Pappalardo, G
TI A Lidar Approach to Measure CO2 Concentrations from Space for the
ASCENDS Mission
SO LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE
SENSING VI
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for
Atmospheric Remote Sensing VI
CY SEP 20-21, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE, European Assoc Remote Sensing Companies, EOS-European Opt Soc, CNES, SFPT
DE Space lidar; CO2; Airborne lidar; Differential Absorption Lidar
ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION; REFLECTED SUNLIGHT;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; COLUMN; SENSITIVITY; BUDGET; BAND
AB We report on a lidar approach to measure atmospheric CO2 column concentration being developed as a candidate for NASA's ASCENDS mission. It uses a pulsed dual-wavelength lidar measurement based on the integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) technique. We demonstrated the approach using the CO2 measurement from aircraft in July and August 2009 over various locations. The results show clear CO2 line shape and absorption signals, which follow the expected changes with aircraft altitude from 3 to 13 km. The column absorption measurements show altitude dependence in good agreement with column number density estimates calculated from airborne in-situ measurements. The approaches for O-2 measurements and for scaling the technique to space are discussed.
C1 [Abshire, James B.; Riris, Haris; Sun, Xiaoli] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Abshire, JB (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Sun, Xiaoli/B-5120-2013; Riris, Haris/D-1004-2013; Abshire,
James/I-2800-2013; Allan, Graham/D-3905-2013
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8349-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7832
AR 78320D
DI 10.1117/12.868567
PG 13
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ33
UT WOS:000287762600008
ER
PT S
AU Singh, UN
Yu, JR
Petros, M
Chen, SS
Kavaya, MJ
Trieu, B
Bai, YX
Petzar, P
Modlin, EA
Koch, G
Beyon, J
AF Singh, Upendra N.
Yu, Jirong
Petros, Mulugeta
Chen, Songsheng
Kavaya, Michael J.
Trieu, Bo
Bai, Yingxin
Petzar, Paul
Modlin, Edward A.
Koch, Grady
Beyon, Jeffrey
BE Singh, UN
Pappalardo, G
TI Advances in High Energy Solid-State 2-micron Laser Transmitter
Development for Ground and Airborne Wind and CO(2) Measurements
SO LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE
SENSING VI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for
Atmospheric Remote Sensing VI
CY SEP 20-21, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE, European Assoc Remote Sensing Companies, EOS, CNES, SFPT
DE Diode-pumped lasers; Solid state laser; Doppler wind lidar; Space lidar;
CO(2); Airborne lidar; Differential Absorption Lidar
ID ABSORPTION LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; TM
AB Sustained research efforts at NASA Langley Research Center during last fifteen years have resulted in a significant advancement in 2-micron diode-pumped, solid-state laser transmitter for wind and carbon dioxide measurement from ground, air and space-borne platform. Solid-state 2-micron laser is a key subsystem for a coherent Doppler lidar that measures the horizontal and vertical wind velocities with high precision and resolution. The same laser, after a few modifications, can also be used in a Differential Absorption Lidar system for measuring atmospheric CO(2) concentration profiles. Researchers at NASA Langley Research Center have developed a compact, flight capable, high energy, injection seeded, 2-micron laser transmitter for ground and airborne wind and carbon dioxide measurements. It is capable of producing 250 mJ at 10 Hz by an oscillator and one amplifier. This compact laser transmitter was integrated into a mobile trailer based coherent Doppler wind and CO(2) DIAL system and was deployed during field measurement campaigns. This paper will give an overview of 2-micron solid-state laser technology development and discuss results from recent ground-based field measurements.
C1 [Singh, Upendra N.; Yu, Jirong; Chen, Songsheng; Kavaya, Michael J.; Trieu, Bo; Modlin, Edward A.; Koch, Grady; Beyon, Jeffrey] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Singh, UN (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8349-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7832
AR 783202
DI 10.1117/12.865853
PG 18
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ33
UT WOS:000287762600001
ER
PT S
AU Winker, D
Hu, Y
Pitts, M
Avery, M
Getzewich, B
Tackett, J
Kittaka, C
Liu, ZY
Vaughan, M
AF Winker, Dave
Hu, Yong
Pitts, Mike
Avery, Melody
Getzewich, Brian
Tackett, Jason
Kittaka, Chieko
Liu, Zhaoyan
Vaughan, Mark
BE Singh, UN
Pappalardo, G
TI The CALIPSO Mission: Results and Progress
SO LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE
SENSING VI
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for
Atmospheric Remote Sensing VI
CY SEP 20-21, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE, European Assoc Remote Sensing Companies, EOS-European Opt Soc, CNES, SFPT
DE lidar; satellite; aerosols; clouds
ID AEROSOLS; DISCRIMINATION; ALGORITHM
AB Aerosols and clouds play important roles in Earth's climate system but uncertainties over their interactions and their effects on the Earth energy budget limit our understanding of the climate system and our ability to model it. The CALIPSO satellite was developed to provide new capabilities to observe aerosol and cloud from space and to reduce these uncertainties. CALIPSO carries the first polarization-sensitive lidar to fly in space, which has now provided a four-year record of global aerosol and cloud profiles. This paper briefly summarizes the status of the CALIPSO mission, describes some of the results from CALIPSO, and presents highlights of recent improvements in data products.
C1 [Winker, Dave; Hu, Yong; Pitts, Mike; Avery, Melody; Vaughan, Mark] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Winker, D (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 21 Dryden St, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM david.m.winker@nasa.gov
RI Liu, Zhaoyan/B-1783-2010; Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012
OI Liu, Zhaoyan/0000-0003-4996-5738;
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8349-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7832
AR 78320B
DI 10.1117/12.864901
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ33
UT WOS:000287762600006
ER
PT B
AU Lyapustin, A
Muldashev, T
Wang, YJ
AF Lyapustin, Alexei
Muldashev, Tolegen
Wang, Yujie
BE Kokhanovsky, AA
TI Code SHARM: fast and accurate radiative transfer over spatially variable
anisotropic surfaces
SO LIGHT SCATTERING REVIEWS 5: SINGLE LIGHT SCATTERING AND RADIATIVE
TRANSFER
SE Springer-Praxis Books in Environmental Sciences
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SPHERICAL HARMONICS APPROXIMATION; DISCRETE-ORDINATE-METHOD;
NON-LAMBERTIAN SURFACE; GREENS-FUNCTION METHOD; EARTHS ATMOSPHERE;
MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; TRANSFER EQUATION; REFLECTION; ALBEDO; AEROSOL
C1 [Lyapustin, Alexei; Wang, Yujie] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lyapustin, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 614-4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Alexei.I.Lyapustin@nasa.gov; tmuldashev@hotmail.com; Yujie.Wang@nasa.gov
NR 67
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-642-10335-3
J9 S-P B ENVIRON SCI
PY 2010
BP 205
EP 247
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10336-0_6
D2 10.1007/978-3-642-10336-0
PG 43
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BQX91
UT WOS:000282079700006
ER
PT J
AU Merkowitz, SM
AF Merkowitz, Stephen M.
TI Tests of Gravity Using Lunar Laser Ranging
SO LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY
LA English
DT Review
ID PREFERRED-FRAME THEORIES; EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE; GENERAL-RELATIVITY;
MASSIVE BODIES; FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS; CONSERVATION LAWS; APOLLO; MOON;
ORIENTATION; OPERATION
AB Lunar laser ranging (LLR) has been a workhorse for testing general relativity over the past four decades. The three retroreflector arrays put on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts and the French built arrays on the Soviet Lunokhod rovers continue to be useful targets, and have provided the most stringent tests of the Strong Equivalence Principle and the time variation of Newton's gravitational constant. The relatively new ranging system at the Apache Point 3.5 meter telescope now routinely makes millimeter level range measurements. Incredibly, it has taken 40 years for ground station technology to advance to the point where characteristics of the lunar retroreflectors are limiting the precision of the range measurements. In this article, we review the gravitational science and technology of lunar laser ranging and discuss prospects for the future.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Merkowitz, SM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Stephen.M.Merkowitz@nasa.gov
RI Merkowitz, Stephen/D-6680-2012
OI Merkowitz, Stephen/0000-0002-0412-4209
FU NASA Lunar Science Institute [NNA09DB30A]
FX I thank Pete Bender, Ken Nordtvedt, and Tom Murphy for invaluable
discussions and comments on this review. The LUNAR consortium
(http://lunar.colorado.edu), headquartered at the University of
Colorado, is funded by the NASA Lunar Science Institute (via Cooperative
Agreement NNA09DB30A) to investigate concepts for astrophysical
observatories on the Moon.
NR 84
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1433-8351
J9 LIVING REV RELATIV
JI Living Rev. Relativ.
PY 2010
VL 13
AR 7
DI 10.12942/lrr-2010-7
PG 27
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 677ZD
UT WOS:000284035800001
PM 28163616
ER
PT J
AU Turyshev, SG
Toth, VT
AF Turyshev, Slava G.
Toth, Viktor T.
TI The Pioneer Anomaly
SO LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY
LA English
DT Review
ID RELATIVISTIC CELESTIAL MECHANICS; LONG-RANGE ACCELERATION;
PREFERRED-FRAME THEORIES; POST-EINSTEINIAN TESTS; NEWLY RECOVERED DATA;
OUTER SOLAR-SYSTEM; SPACE-TIME FRAME; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; DARK-MATTER;
KUIPER-BELT
AB Radio-metric Doppler tracking data received from the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft from heliocentric distances of 20 - 70 AU has consistently indicated the presence of a small, anomalous, blue-shifted frequency drift uniformly changing with a rate of similar to 6 X 10(-9) Hz/s. Ultimately, the drift was interpreted as a constant sunward deceleration of each particular spacecraft at the level of ap = ( 8.74 +/- 1.33) 10(-10) m/s(2). This apparent violation of the Newton's gravitational inverse-square law has become known as the Pioneer anomaly; the nature of this anomaly remains unexplained. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the physical properties of the anomaly and the conditions that led to its detection and characterization. We review various mechanisms proposed to explain the anomaly and discuss the current state of efforts to determine its nature. A comprehensive new investigation of the anomalous behavior of the two Pioneers has begun recently. The new efforts rely on the much-extended set of radio-metric Doppler data for both spacecraft in conjunction with the newly available complete record of their telemetry files and a large archive of original project documentation. As the new study is yet to report its findings, this review provides the necessary background for the new results to appear in the near future. In particular, we provide a significant amount of information on the design, operations and behavior of the two Pioneers during their entire missions, including descriptions of various data formats and techniques used for their navigation and radio-science data analysis. As most of this information was recovered relatively recently, it was not used in the previous studies of the Pioneer anomaly, but it is critical for the new investigation.
C1 [Turyshev, Slava G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Turyshev, SG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM turyshev@jpl.nasa.gov; vttoth@vttoth.com
RI Toth, Viktor/D-3502-2009
OI Toth, Viktor/0000-0003-3651-9843
NR 423
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 5
U2 5
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1433-8351
J9 LIVING REV RELATIV
JI Living Rev. Relativ.
PY 2010
VL 13
AR 4
DI 10.12942/lrr-2010-4
PG 173
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 661VS
UT WOS:000282760700001
PM 28163614
ER
PT J
AU Hathaway, DH
AF Hathaway, David H.
TI The Solar Cycle
SO LIVING REVIEWS IN SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID FLUX-TRANSPORT DYNAMO; GROUP SUNSPOT NUMBERS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ACTIVE
LONGITUDES; MAUNDER MINIMUM; DAY PERIODICITY; INTERPLANETARY SPACE;
GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; MERIDIONAL FLOW; CONVECTION ZONE
AB The Solar Cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. We examine a number of other solar activity indicators including the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, flares and coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic activity, galactic cosmic ray fluxes, and radioisotopes in tree rings and ice cores that vary in association with the sunspots. We examine the characteristics of individual solar cycles including their maxima and minima, cycle periods and amplitudes, cycle shape, and the nature of active latitudes, hemispheres, and longitudes. We examine long-term variability including the Maunder Minimum, the Gleissberg Cycle, and the Gnevyshev-Ohl Rule. Short-term variability includes the 154-day periodicity, quasi-biennial variations, and double peaked maxima. We conclude with an examination of prediction techniques for the solar cycle.
C1 NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Hathaway, DH (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code VP62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM david.hathaway@nasa.gov
NR 138
TC 222
Z9 227
U1 6
U2 38
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1614-4961
J9 LIVING REV SOL PHYS
JI Living Rev. Sol. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 7
IS 1
AR 1
DI 10.12942/lrsp-2010-1
PG 61
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 741NS
UT WOS:000288871000001
ER
PT J
AU Ofman, L
AF Ofman, Leon
TI Wave Modeling of the Solar Wind
SO LIVING REVIEWS IN SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID FREQUENCY ALFVEN WAVES; PROTON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; TURBULENCE-DRIVEN
MODEL; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; WHOLE SUN MONTH; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC MODEL;
HYBRID SIMULATIONS; CORONAL HOLES; 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS; VELOCITY
DISTRIBUTIONS
AB The acceleration and heating of the solar wind have been studied for decades using satellite observations and models. However, the exact mechanism that leads to solar wind heating and acceleration is poorly understood. In order to improve the understanding of the physical mechanisms that are involved in these processes a combination of modeling and observational analysis is required. Recent models constrained by satellite observations show that wave heating in the low-frequency (MHD), and high-frequency (ion-cyclotron) range may provide the necessary momentum and heat input to coronal plasma and produce the solar wind. This review is focused on the results of several recent solar modeling studies that include waves explicitly in the MHD and the kinetic regime. The current status of the understanding of the solar wind acceleration and heating by waves is reviewed.
C1 Catholic Univ Amer, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Ofman, L (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Leon.Ofman@nasa.gov
FU NASA [NNX08AF85G, NNX08AV88G, NNX10AC56G]
FX The author would like to acknowledge support by NASA grants NNX08AF85G,
NNX08AV88G, and NNX10AC56G.
NR 115
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1614-4961
J9 LIVING REV SOL PHYS
JI Living Rev. Sol. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 7
IS 4
AR 4
DI 10.12942/lrsp-2010-4
PG 43
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 741NX
UT WOS:000288871500001
ER
PT J
AU Chen, PW
Chennuru, SK
Zhang, Y
AF Chen, Peng-Wen
Chennuru, Snehal Kumar
Zhang, Ying
BE Calzolari, N
Choukri, K
Maegaard, B
Mariani, J
Odijk, J
Piperidis, S
Rosner, M
Tapias, D
TI A Language Approach to Modeling Human Behavior
SO LREC 2010 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE RESOURCES AND
EVALUATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC)
CY MAY 17-23, 2010
CL Valletta, MALTA
SP CELI Language & Informat Technol, European Media Lab GmBH, Quaero, META
AB The modeling of human behavior becomes more and more important due to the increasing popularity of context-aware computing and people-centric applications. Inspired by the principle of action-as-language, we propose that human ambulation behavior share similar properties as natural languages. In this paper, we use a Life Logger system to build the behavior language corpus. The behavior corpus shows Zipf's distribution over the frequency of vocabularies which is aligned with our "Behavior as Language" assumption. Our preliminary results of using smoothed n-gram language model for activity recognition achieved an average accuracy rate of 94% in distinguishing among basic behaviors including walking, running, and cycling. This behavior-as-language corpus will enable researchers to study higher level human behavior based on the syntactic and semantic analysis of the data.
C1 [Chen, Peng-Wen; Chennuru, Snehal Kumar; Zhang, Ying] NASA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Chen, PW (reprint author), NASA, Res Pk Bldg 23, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM pengwen.chen@sv.cmu.edu; snehal.chennuru@sv.cmu.edu;
joy.zhang@sv.cmu.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU EUROPEAN LANGUAGE RESOURCES ASSOC-ELRA
PI PARIS
PA 55-57, RUE BRILLAT-SAVARIN, PARIS, 75013, FRANCE
BN 978-2-9517408-6-0
PY 2010
BP 3020
EP 3023
PG 4
WC Language & Linguistics
SC Linguistics
GA BC9TU
UT WOS:000356879507133
ER
PT B
AU Lowman, PD
AF Lowman, Paul D., Jr.
BE Benaroya, H
TI Rutgers 2007 Symposium on Lunar Settlements
SO LUNAR SETTLEMENTS
SE Advances in Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Rutgers Symposium on Lunar Settlements
CY JUN 03-08, 2007
CL Rutgers Univ, New Brunswick, NJ
SP AIAA, Rutgers Univ, Dept Mech & Space Engn, Ctr Struct Extreme Environm
HO Rutgers Univ
AB This paper summarizes the major themes and ideas presented at a 4 1/2 day symposium on lunar settlements held at Rutgers University in June, 2007, sponsored by the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and organized by Haym Benaroya of that department. Presentations covered the political and economic aspects of lunar settlements, structures and transportation, the lunar environment, energy and power, medical aspects of lunar settlements, outpost site selection, and use of the Moon as a platform for astronomy. A keynote paper by H.H. Schmitt covered topics including legal aspects of lunar settlements and possible economic products such as helium-3, demonstrably valuable for production of short-lived medical isotopes and perhaps for thermonuclear energy. Potential medical problems, discussed by several speakers, including J. Logan and W. Rowe, included radiation exposure and the effect of long-term hypogravity. Lunar resources discussed by several speakers include lunar water from possible polar ice deposits, hydrogen, helium-3, and oxygen from the lunar regolith. Outpost site selection has been narrowed to the south polar regions, with Shackleton Crater and Malapert Mountain the most-favored candidates. Lunar settlement shelters were proposed by several speakers, a consensus being that these must be largely underground because of the radiation problem. The feasibility of agriculture in lunar settlements has been demonstrated by operating greenhouses in the Antarctic.
The overall result of the symposium was a summary of the problems, prospects, and practicality of such settlements, now benefiting from three decades to assimilate the lunar experience of the 6 Apollo landing missions and the many robotic missions, American and Soviet.
C1 [Lowman, Paul D., Jr.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lowman, PD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-8333-0; 978-1-4200-8332-3
J9 ADV ENG
PY 2010
BP 9
EP 18
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BG7ZF
UT WOS:000392108200002
ER
PT B
AU Morin, L
Magnus, S
Love, S
Pettit, D
Dittmar, ML
AF Morin, Lee
Magnus, Sandra
Love, Stanley
Pettit, Donald
Dittmar, Mary Lynne
BE Benaroya, H
TI Rocks to Robots: Concepts for Initial Robotic Lunar Resource Development
SO LUNAR SETTLEMENTS
SE Advances in Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Rutgers Symposium on Lunar Settlements
CY JUN 03-08, 2007
CL Rutgers Univ, New Brunswick, NJ
SP AIAA, Rutgers Univ, Dept Mech & Space Engn, Ctr Struct Extreme Environm
HO Rutgers Univ
ID SURGERY; EXPERIENCE
C1 [Morin, Lee; Magnus, Sandra; Love, Stanley; Pettit, Donald] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Dittmar, Mary Lynne] Dittmar Assoc Inc, Houston, TX USA.
RP Morin, L (reprint author), NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-8333-0; 978-1-4200-8332-3
J9 ADV ENG
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 141
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BG7ZF
UT WOS:000392108200010
ER
PT B
AU Metzger, PT
Lane, JE
Immer, CD
Clements, S
AF Metzger, Philip T.
Lane, John E.
Immer, Christopher D.
Clements, Sandra
BE Benaroya, H
TI Cratering and Blowing Soil by Rocket Engines during Lunar Landings
SO LUNAR SETTLEMENTS
SE Advances in Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Rutgers Symposium on Lunar Settlements
CY JUN 03-08, 2007
CL Rutgers Univ, New Brunswick, NJ
SP AIAA, Rutgers Univ, Dept Mech & Space Engn, Ctr Struct Extreme Environm
HO Rutgers Univ
ID DESCENT ENGINE
AB This paper is a summary compilation of work accomplished over the past decade at NASA's Kennedy Space Center to understand the interactions between rocket exhaust gases and the soil of the Moon or Mars. This research is applied to a case study of the Apollo 12 landing, in which the blowing soil peppered the nearby Surveyor III spacecraft producing measurable surface damage, and to the Apollo 15 landing, in which the Lunar Module tilted backwards after landing in a crater that was obscured from sight by the blowing dust. The modeling coupled with empirical observations is generally adequate to predict the order of magnitude of effects in future lunar missions and to formulate a rough concept for mitigating the spray around a lunar base. However, there are many significant gaps in our understanding of the physics and more effort is needed to understand the problem of blowing soil so that specific technologies can be developed to support the lunar outpost.
C1 [Metzger, Philip T.] NASA, KT D3, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Lane, John E.; Immer, Christopher D.] ASRC Aerosp, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Clements, Sandra] ASRC Aerosp, Kennedy Space Ctr, Greenbelt, FL USA.
RP Metzger, PT (reprint author), NASA, KT D3, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 47
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-8333-0; 978-1-4200-8332-3
J9 ADV ENG
PY 2010
BP 551
EP 576
PG 26
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BG7ZF
UT WOS:000392108200038
ER
PT J
AU Rodgveller, CJ
Clausen, DM
Nagler, JJ
Hutchinson, C
AF Rodgveller, C. J.
Clausen, D. M.
Nagler, J. J.
Hutchinson, C.
TI Reproductive Characteristics and Mortality of Female Giant Grenadiers in
the Northern Pacific Ocean
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
AB Giant grenadiers Albatrossia pectoralis are caught as bycatch in deep-sea commercial fisheries in relatively large numbers. The population appears to be stable, although there is no directed fishery, catch limits, or reporting requirements. The purpose of our study was to describe and quantify the reproductive life history characteristics and natural mortality of female giant grenadiers. During the summers of 2004 and 2006, a total of 338 specimens were collected from the Gulf of Alaska. Every phase of reproductive development was found, suggesting a protracted annual spawning season. An ovarian wall thickness technique was used to successfully place 31% (n = 24) of the fish with an unknown maturity status into a known category. Female age at 50% maturity was 22.9 years, and preanal fin length at 50% maturity was 26 cm. Total fecundity ranged from 35,000 to 231,000 oocytes (mean = 106,761), with a mean mature oocyte diameter of 1.26 mm. We developed a new technique for preparing otoliths for age determination by grinding off the distal surface to elucidate the growth zones; age ranged from 14 to 58 years. Estimates of natural female mortality ranged from 0.052 to 0.079 and estimates of total female mortality from 0.061 to 0.149. This life history information will be essential for future management of giant grenadier populations in the North Pacific Ocean.
C1 [Rodgveller, C. J.; Clausen, D. M.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK USA.
[Nagler, J. J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Nagler, J. J.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Reprod Biol, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Hutchinson, C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Rodgveller, CJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK USA.
EM cara.rodgveller@noaa.gov
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2010
VL 2
IS 1
BP 73
EP 82
DI 10.1577/C09-028.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA V20PW
UT WOS:000208152900006
ER
PT J
AU Wabnitz, CCC
Balazs, G
Beavers, S
Bjorndal, KA
Bolten, AB
Christensen, V
Hargrove, S
Pauly, D
AF Wabnitz, Colette C. C.
Balazs, George
Beavers, Sallie
Bjorndal, Karen A.
Bolten, Alan B.
Christensen, Villy
Hargrove, Stacy
Pauly, Daniel
TI Ecosystem structure and processes at Kaloko Honokohau, focusing on the
role of herbivores, including the green sea turtle Chelonia mydas, in
reef resilience
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine turtles; Ecosystem-based management; Ecopath; Coral reef;
Herbivory; Phase shift; Nutrient enrichment; Kona coast; Hawaii
ID HAWAIIAN MONK SEAL; URCHIN ECHINOMETRA-MATHAEI; LEPTOGORGIA-SARMENTOSA
CNIDARIA; GORGONIAN PARAMURICEA-CLAVATA; SUB-TROPICAL EMBAYMENT; FRENCH
FRIGATE SHOALS; CARIBBEAN CORAL-REEFS; ACANTHASTER-PLANCI L;
MONACHUS-SCHAUINSLANDI; DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM
AB The formal protection of the Hawaiian green turtle Chelonia mydas in the 1970s has led to significant increases in the number of individuals recorded throughout the archipelago. Reduced growth rates and poor body condition of individuals at a number of foraging sites, including Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park (Kaloko), suggest that some aggregations have reached carrying capacity. To better understand the ecological structure and processes of the reef system at the park, we developed an ecosystem model that synthesized available data on Kaloko for the year 2005 and included 26 groups, spanning the entire trophic web. Model results showed that the combined grazing pressure of the different herbivore functional groups (i.e. reef fish, sea urchins, and green turtles) in Kaloko matched total algal production. Sea urchins exerted the strongest control over algal resources, partly because of their large biomass in park waters. Results confirmed that the Kaloko green turtle aggregation has reached carrying capacity. Green turtles help maintain low algal cover, and thus resilience of reefs in the face of disturbance, and should be explicitly included in studies of ecosystem dynamics on reefs. Our work also provides a 'current-condition' baseline for Kaloko, and a valuable tool for the assessment of the future marine ecosystem impacts of projected urban expansion plans around the park.
C1 [Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Christensen, Villy; Pauly, Daniel] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, AERL, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Balazs, George; Hargrove, Stacy] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Turtle Res Program, NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Beavers, Sallie] Natl Pk Serv, Kailua Kona, HI 96740 USA.
[Bjorndal, Karen A.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bjorndal, Karen A.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Wabnitz, CCC (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, AERL, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM colette.wabnitz@gmail.com
RI Christensen, Villy/C-3945-2009;
OI Christensen, Villy/0000-0003-0688-2633; Bjorndal,
Karen/0000-0002-6286-1901
FU NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service; Disney Wildlife Conservation
fund; Sea Around Us Project; Pew Environmental Group; University of
British Columbia
FX This study was supported by funding provided by the NOAA National Marine
Fisheries Service and the Disney Wildlife Conservation fund. C.W., V.C.,
and D.P. also acknowledge support from the Sea Around Us Project, a
scientific collaboration between the Pew Environmental Group and The
University of British Columbia. Thanks to J. Polovina for help in
getting this project off the ground. R. Most and the National Park
Service are acknowledged for facilitating many aspects of our work and
valuable input throughout the study. M. Rice and students of the Hawaii
Preparatory Academy (Kamuela, Hawaii) are acknowledged for their
considerable help to G. B. in ocean-capture field work collecting data
on green turtles. We are indebted to T. Work of the US Geological Survey
National Wildlife Health Center, Honolulu Field Station, for allowing
the use of turtle necropsy findings relevant to turtle body condition.
K. Benoit-Bird, P. Bienfang, E. Brown, M. Deagle, R. Hoover, H. Jessop,
M. Landry, L. Marrack, C. Payri, T. Sauvage, J. Smith, C. Squair, K.
Uyehara, S. Waddington, M. Weijerman, and T. Wurth are gratefully
acknowledged for invaluable feedback, advice, and assistance during the
development of the model, and/or the kind provision of often unpublished
data. We also thank F. Parrish for discussions pertaining to model
development; and M. Bailey for drawing illustrations of species
representative of functional groups. Special gratitude is extended to B.
Hunt for stimulating discussions, assistance on all zooplankton and
phytoplankton aspects of the model. The revised manuscript benefited
from the comments of J. Alder, B. Hunt, M. Coll, B. Klinkenberg, F.
Parrish, 3 anonymous reviewers and the editors.
NR 240
TC 10
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U1 3
U2 46
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 420
BP 27
EP U392
DI 10.3354/meps08846
PG 36
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 696CK
UT WOS:000285419300003
ER
PT J
AU Tiwari, M
Balazs, GH
Hargrove, S
AF Tiwari, Manjula
Balazs, George H.
Hargrove, Stacy
TI Estimating carrying capacity at the green turtle nesting beach of East
Island, French Frigate Shoals
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Carrying capacity; Green turtles; Chelonia mydas; Nesting; Climate
change; French Frigate Shoals; Hawaii
ID GUIANAN LEATHERBACK TURTLES; SEA-LEVEL RISE; CHELONIA-MYDAS; COSTA-RICA;
POPULATION; RECOVERY; TORTUGUERO; TREND; STOCK; DESTRUCTION
AB Many sea turtle populations are at a fraction of their historical abundance, and understanding ecological processes, under current and climate change scenarios, is critical for establishing recovery goals. In the Hawaiian Islands, the nesting population of the green turtle Chelonia mydas on East Island, French Frigate Shoals, has been recovering at a rate of 5.7% per year. Climate change models, however, predict a loss in nesting habitat on East Island of up to 30% due to sea level rise by 2100. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the carrying capacity of East Island for hatchlings and nesting females under current conditions and predictions of sea level rise. In the simulation model, density-dependent nest destruction was the primary factor regulating population size. Carrying capacity was reached between 1.9 and 2.1 million hatchlings at current conditions; carrying capacity was approached when 80 000 to 120 000 nests were laid on the beach, representing 20 000 to 30 000 nesting females. With a rise in sea level, carrying capacity was reached when 60 000 to 100 000 nests were laid on the beach. The current mean estimate of 390 nesting females per year, over the past 10 yr, at East Island represents 1.3 to 2% of the females that would nest at carrying capacity. The beach at East Island is well below carrying capacity and is capable of supporting a larger nesting population. However, the availability of suitable coastal habitats may play a bigger role in regulating the Hawaiian green turtle population than available nesting habitat.
C1 [Tiwari, Manjula] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Turtle Ecol & Assessment Program, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr,NOAA, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Balazs, George H.; Hargrove, Stacy] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Turtle Res Program, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Tiwari, M (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Turtle Ecol & Assessment Program, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr,NOAA, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM manjula.tiwari@noaa.gov
NR 39
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U1 3
U2 25
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 419
BP 289
EP 294
DI 10.3354/meps08833
PG 6
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 691GN
UT WOS:000285068400023
ER
PT J
AU Copeman, LA
Laurel, BJ
AF Copeman, L. A.
Laurel, B. J.
TI Experimental evidence of fatty acid limited growth and survival in
Pacific cod larvae
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gadus macrocephalus; Essential fatty acids; DHA; EPA; Prey quality
ID SOLEA-SENEGALENSIS LARVAE; GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD;
LIPID-COMPOSITION; MARINE FISH; LIVE-PREY; HIPPOGLOSSUS-HIPPOGLOSSUS;
MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BRACHIONUS-PLICATILIS
AB Changing environmental conditions in the North Pacific are altering the lipid/fatty acid (FA) composition of zooplankton assemblages, but the consequences to resident fish larvae are unknown. In the laboratory, we reared Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus larvae over 4 wk on prey enriched with varying levels of 2 essential FAs (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA, 22:6 omega-3, and eicosapentanoic acid, EPA, 20:5 omega-3) to determine how this species responded to such changes in prey quality. Ratios of DHA: EPA were chosen to represent the natural variation observed in zooplankton of the North Pacific. We tested the hypotheses whether (1) energetically similar diets comprised of varying levels of DHA and EPA affect growth and survival in Pacific cod larvae, and (2) the highest levels of DHA: EPA (2: 1) are optimal for Pacific cod larvae, as it has been shown for Atlantic species. Pacific cod larvae grew fastest with diets containing high levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA > 22%). Diets with the same total lipid content but different DHA: EPA ratios (<0.1:1 to 2: 1) also mediated growth and lipid composition of the larvae. Unlike Atlantic cod, Pacific cod larvae did not show as high a requirement for DHA relative to EPA but rather achieved largest size-at-age with intermediate DHA: EPA ratios (0.8:1 to 1.1:1). This range most closely resembled DHA: EPA ratios reported from North Pacific copepods, suggesting anomalous years with an over- or under-abundance of DHA-rich dinoflagellates or EPA-rich diatoms may be detrimental to survival and growth of Pacific cod larvae in the field.
C1 [Copeman, L. A.; Laurel, B. J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Copeman, L. A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Copeman, LA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM lcopeman@mun.ca
FU North Pacific Research Board [605]; Essential Fish Habitat NOAA
Fisheries research
FX We thank Tom Hurst and Amanda Colton for help with image analysis
measures, Michelle Ottmar, and Scott Haines provided laboratory
assistance for larviculture and live-food enrichment. We are most
grateful to Jeanette Wells and the technical staff in Christopher
Parrish's lab for the chromatography of lipid classes and FAs. Thanks to
Moti Harel for providing EFA rotifer emulsions and Tim Tripp for
captaining boat charters. Drs. Christopher Parrish, Allan Stoner and
Michele Davis, and 3 anonymous reviewers gave useful comments and advice
on early versions of this manuscript. Thanks also to the North Pacific
Research Board (grant #605) and the Essential Fish Habitat NOAA
Fisheries research grants for funding this study. The manuscript is NPRB
contribution 247.
NR 73
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U1 2
U2 15
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 412
BP 259
EP 272
DI 10.3354/meps08661
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 646TM
UT WOS:000281565900021
ER
PT J
AU Rooker, JR
Stunz, GW
Holt, SA
Minello, TJ
AF Rooker, Jay R.
Stunz, Gregory W.
Holt, Scott A.
Minello, Thomas J.
TI Population connectivity of red drum in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Otolith chemistry; Site fidelity; Natal homing; Residency; Stable
isotopes; Stock identification; Estuarine contribution; Nursery origin;
Red drum
ID SCIAENOPS-OCELLATUS; FISH OTOLITHS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ESTUARINE FISH;
BLUEFIN TUNA; HUDSON RIVER; MARINE FISH; CHEMISTRY; HABITATS; FLORIDA
AB Stable carbon (delta C-13) and oxygen (delta O-18) isotope ratios in otoliths were used to assess the degree of connectivity between early life and adult habitats of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Young-of-the-year (YOY) red drum were sampled over a 3 yr period from major estuaries along the Texas coast, and otolith delta C-13 and delta O-18 were quantified to determine whether chemical tags in otoliths were region specific. North to south gradients were pronounced for otolith delta C-13 and delta O-18, with values being higher (enriched in the heavier isotope) for YOY red drum from southern estuaries relative to those in the north. Four distinct regional groups of YOY red drum were identified using otolith delta C-13 and delta O-18: North (N), Sabine Lake and East Galveston Bay; North-Central (NC), Christmas Bay and Matagorda Bay; South-Central (SC), Aransas Bay and Redfish Bay; and South (S), Laguna Madre. Overall classification success to these regional nurseries was high for each year examined: 2001 (92%), 2002 (82%) and 2003 (90%). Mixed-stock analysis performed with age-2+ red drum collected in 2003 matched to the 2001 YOY baseline indicated that most of the sub-adult and adult red drum sampled in the S and SC regions were produced from the same areas (82 to 91%), with limited exchange between these regions. Mixing was more pronounced in the northern regions (N, NC), with a large percentage (35 to 42%) of individuals originating from the adjacent region to the south. Overall, the majority of sub-adult and adult red drum was collected within or near the same region occupied during the YOY period, suggestive of natal homing, retention within specific estuarine corridors, or lower survivability of recruits migrating from distant regions.
C1 [Rooker, Jay R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Stunz, Gregory W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Life Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Stunz, Gregory W.] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Holt, Scott A.] Univ Texas, Inst Marine Sci, Dept Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Minello, Thomas J.] Galveston Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Rooker, JR (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 5007 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
EM rookerj@tamug.edu
RI Rooker, Jay/M-3197-2013
OI Rooker, Jay/0000-0002-5934-7688
FU NOAA [NA06OAR4170076]
FX We thank A. Davis, C. Pratt, R. Schloesser, D. Wells and M. Zapp for
their assistance in the field or lab. Funding for this study was
provided by Texas Sea Grant (NOAA award #NA06OAR4170076.
NR 58
TC 11
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U1 2
U2 28
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 407
BP 187
EP 196
DI 10.3354/meps08605
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 613KR
UT WOS:000278978600015
ER
PT J
AU Jay, CV
Udevitz, MS
Kwok, R
Fischbach, AS
Douglas, DC
AF Jay, Chadwick V.
Udevitz, Mark S.
Kwok, Ron
Fischbach, Anthony S.
Douglas, David C.
TI Divergent movements of walrus and sea ice in the northern Bering Sea
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific walrus; Odobenus rosmarus; Bering Sea; Sea ice; Telemetry;
RADARSAT; RGPS; SAR
ID ODOBENUS-ROSMARUS; PATTERNS; BENTHOS; WHALES; ALASKA
AB The Pacific walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens is a large Arctic pinniped of the Chukchi and Bering Seas. Reductions of sea ice projected to occur in the Arctic by mid-century raise concerns for conservation of the Pacific walrus. To understand the significance of sea ice loss to the viability of walruses, it would be useful to better understand the spatial associations between the movements of sea ice and walruses. We investigated whether local-scale (similar to 1 to 100 km) walrus movements correspond to movements of sea ice in the Bering Sea in early spring, using locations from radio-tracked walruses and measures of ice floe movements from processed synthetic aperture radar satellite imagery. We used generalized linear mixed-effects models to analyze the angle between walrus and ice floe movement vectors and the distance between the final geographic position of walruses and their associated ice floes (displacement), as functions of observation duration, proportion of time the walrus was in water, and geographic region. Analyses were based on 121 walrus-ice vector pairs and observations lasting 12 to 36 h. Angles and displacements increased with observation duration, proportion of time the walrus spent in the water, and varied among regions (regional mean angles ranged from 40 to 81 degrees and mean displacements ranged from 15 to 35 km). Our results indicated a lack of correspondence between walruses and their initially associated ice floes, suggesting that local areas of walrus activities were independent of the movement of ice floes.
C1 [Jay, Chadwick V.; Udevitz, Mark S.; Fischbach, Anthony S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Kwok, Ron] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Jay, CV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cjay@usgs.gov
RI Kwok, Ron/A-9762-2008; Fischbach, Anthony/E-7166-2010;
OI Kwok, Ron/0000-0003-4051-5896; Fischbach, Anthony/0000-0002-6555-865X;
Udevitz, Mark/0000-0003-4659-138X
FU US Fish & Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management Office, Anchorage;
US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center; North Pacific Research
Board
FX We appreciate field assistance from Y. Bukhtiyarov, M. Cody, A. Grachev,
E. Gurarie, A. Kochnev, N. Kutrukhin, E. Rypkhirgin, and G. Sheffield.
We thank S. Speckman and S. DellaSilva who worked diligently to procure
a contract with the Russian vessel RV 'Magadan' for walrus tagging. We
thank the crew of the RV 'Magadan' for their professional seamanship and
kind support. Aerial reconnaissance of walruses was provided by USFWS
and Commander Northwest. V. Burkanov was instrumental in securing work
boats and assuring the safe storage and transport of field gear from
Russia. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Satellite Facility kindly
facilitated the availability of SAR imagery. K. Oakley, P. Boveng, D.
Atwood, and 4 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier
versions of the manuscript. Funding and administrative support was
provided by the US Fish & Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management
Office, Anchorage, and the US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center.
Additional funding was provided by the North Pacific Research Board to
complete analyses of SAR imagery. Walrus tagging was conducted under
USFWS Permit No. MA801652-3. Any mention of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the
federal government.
NR 34
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PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 407
BP 293
EP 302
DI 10.3354/meps08575
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 613KR
UT WOS:000278978600023
ER
PT J
AU Morrow, R
Fu, LL
AF Morrow, Rosemary
Fu, Lee-Lueng
TI OSTM/Jason-2 Calibration/Validation Preface
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Morrow, Rosemary] CNES, Toulouse, France.
[Fu, Lee-Lueng] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Morrow, R (reprint author), CNES, Toulouse, France.
NR 0
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.491034
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900001
ER
PT J
AU Lambin, J
Morrow, R
Fu, LL
Willis, JK
Bonekamp, H
Lillibridge, J
Perbos, J
Zaouche, G
Vaze, P
Bannoura, W
Parisot, F
Thouvenot, E
Coutin-Faye, S
Lindstrom, E
Mignogno, M
AF Lambin, Juliette
Morrow, Rosemary
Fu, Lee-Lueng
Willis, Josh K.
Bonekamp, Hans
Lillibridge, John
Perbos, Jacqueline
Zaouche, Gerard
Vaze, Parag
Bannoura, Walid
Parisot, Francois
Thouvenot, Eric
Coutin-Faye, Sophie
Lindstrom, Eric
Mignogno, Mike
TI The OSTM/Jason-2 Mission
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite altimetry; sea level; operational oceanography
ID SEA-LEVEL; OCEAN; GRACE
AB The Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason-2 (OSTM/Jason-2) satellite altimetry mission was successfully launched on June 20, 2008, as a cooperative mission between CNES, EUMETSAT, NASA, and NOAA. OSTM/Jason-2 will continue to precisely measure the surface topography of the oceans and continental surface waters, following on the same orbit as its predecessors, TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1. To maintain the high-accuracy measurements, the mission carries a dual-frequency altimeter, a three-frequency microwave radiometer, and three precise positioning systems. The objectives of the mission are both operational and scientific. The mission will provide near-real time high-precision altimetric measurements for integration into ocean forecasting models and other products. The mission will also extend the precise surface topography time series started by TOPEX/Poseidon in 1992 over two decades in order to study long-term ocean variations such as mean sea level variations and interannual and decadal oscillations. The measurement system has been adapted to provide quality data nearer to the coasts, and over lakes and rivers. This paper provides an overview of the OSTM/Jason-2 mission in terms of the system design and a brief introduction to the science objectives.
C1 [Morrow, Rosemary] OMP, LEGOS, F-31401 Toulouse 9, France.
[Lambin, Juliette; Perbos, Jacqueline; Zaouche, Gerard; Thouvenot, Eric; Coutin-Faye, Sophie] CNES, Toulouse, France.
[Fu, Lee-Lueng; Willis, Josh K.; Vaze, Parag] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Bonekamp, Hans; Parisot, Francois] European Org Exploitat Meteorol Satellites EUMETS, Darmstadt, Germany.
[Lillibridge, John; Bannoura, Walid; Mignogno, Mike] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Lindstrom, Eric] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA.
RP Morrow, R (reprint author), OMP, LEGOS, 18 Av Edouard Belin, F-31401 Toulouse 9, France.
EM Rosemary.Morrow@legos.obs-mip.fr
RI Lillibridge, John/F-5606-2010
OI Lillibridge, John/0000-0001-9102-171X
FU CNES; NASA; EUMETSAT; NOAA
FX This article is dedicated to Yves Menard, who as CNES Project Scientist
did so much to advance the Jason series of altimeters. Yves should have
been the main author of this paper, and he is profoundly missed by all
of us. The success of this mission is due to the enthusiastic and
efficient participation of all engineers, scientists, program managers,
and experts who have been involved in this project. In particular, we
benefited greatly from the long-term cooperation set up between the
Ocean Surface Topography Science Team, partly funded by CNES and NASA,
and the project teams within the four agencies CNES, NASA, EUMETSAT, and
NOAA. Finally we thank the reviewers for their useful comments and
suggestions.
NR 40
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 4
EP 25
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.491030
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900002
ER
PT J
AU Zaouche, G
Perbos, J
Lafon, T
Couderc, V
Lambin, J
Desjonqueres, JD
Jayles, C
Jurado, E
Vaze, P
Fu, LL
Brown, S
Parisot, F
Bonekamp, H
Bannoura, W
Lillibridge, J
AF Zaouche, G.
Perbos, J.
Lafon, T.
Couderc, V.
Lambin, J.
Desjonqueres, J. D.
Jayles, C.
Jurado, E.
Vaze, P.
Fu, L. -L.
Brown, S.
Parisot, F.
Bonekamp, H.
Bannoura, W.
Lillibridge, J.
TI OSTM/Jason-2: Assessment of the System Performances (Ocean Surface
Topography Mission: OSTM)
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite altimetry; system performances; improvements
AB On June 20, 2008, Jason-2 was successfully launched by a Boeing Delta II rocket from the Vandenberg site, California. The OSTM/Jason-2 project is a cooperation among NASA, NOAA, EUMETSAT, and CNES. The first two months of the OSTM/Jason-2 mission have been dedicated to the assessment of the overall system. The goal of this assessment phase was:
(i) to assess the behavior of the spacecraft, at the platform and payload levels;
(ii) to verify that platform performance requirements are met with respect to Jason-2 requirements;
(iii) to verify that payload instruments performance requirements evaluated at instrument level are met; and
(iv) to assess the performance of the Jason-2 Ground System.
The paper will display the main outputs of the assessment of the system. It will demonstrate that all the elements of the onboard and ground systems are within the specifications.
C1 [Zaouche, G.; Perbos, J.; Lafon, T.; Couderc, V.; Lambin, J.; Desjonqueres, J. D.; Jayles, C.; Jurado, E.] CNES, Ctr Natl Spatiales, F-31401 Toulouse 4, France.
[Vaze, P.; Fu, L. -L.; Brown, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Parisot, F.; Bonekamp, H.] European Org Exploitat Meteorol Satellites EUMETS, Darmstadt, Germany.
[Bannoura, W.; Lillibridge, J.] NOAA, Suitland, MD USA.
RP Zaouche, G (reprint author), CNES, Ctr Natl Spatiales, 18 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31401 Toulouse 4, France.
EM Gerard.Zaouche@cnes.fr
RI Lillibridge, John/F-5606-2010
OI Lillibridge, John/0000-0001-9102-171X
NR 10
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 26
EP 52
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.488978
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900003
ER
PT J
AU Haines, BJ
Desai, SD
Born, GH
AF Haines, Bruce J.
Desai, Shailen D.
Born, George H.
TI The Harvest Experiment: Calibration of the Climate Data Record from
TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite altimetry; calibration/validation; TOPEX/Poseidon; Jason-1;
Jason-2/OSTM; sea level; GPS
ID GPS; ALTIMETERS; STABILITY; TOPEX; DELAY
AB We present a 17-year calibration record of precise (Jason-class) spaceborne altimetry from a California offshore oil platform (Harvest). Our analyses indicate that the sea-surface-height (SSH) biases for all three TOPEX/Poseidon (1992-2005) measurement systems are statistically indistinguishable from zero at the 15 mm level. In contrast, the SSH bias estimates for the newer Jason-1 mission (2001-present) and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission (2008-present) are significantly positive. In orbit for over eight years, the Jason-1 measurement system yields SSH biased by +94 +/- 15 mm. Its successor, OSTM/Jason-2, produces SSH measurements biased by +178 +/- 16 mm.
C1 [Haines, Bruce J.; Desai, Shailen D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Born, George H.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Haines, BJ (reprint author), 4800 Oak Grove Dr,M-S 238-600, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Bruce.J.Haines@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX We are indebted to Plains Exploration and Production for hosting our
experiment on platform Harvest, and supporting our trips to the
platform. We dedicate our efforts to Edward "Chris" Christensen and Yves
Menard. Their shared vision, leadership, and advocacy of the cal/val
program are responsible for the fact that Harvest continues to return
useful scientific data 17 years beyond the end of the T/P verification
phase for which it was designed. The Harvest experiment is a multiagency
effort, and we are indebted to numerous individuals for engaging in the
design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sensors, as well
as interpretation of the data. They include Dan Kubitschek, Dave
Stowers, Kevin Miller, Steve Dinardo, and Charles Morris (JPL); Razmik
Khachikyan (Raytheon); Chuck Fowler and Scott Washburn (CU); Steve Gill,
Mickey Moss, Eddie Shih, Jim Russell, Clyde Kakazu, and Mark Bailey
(NOAA); and K. C. Rockwell (PXP). The Harvest research activities are
funded by the NASA Physical Oceanography Program. We are grateful to
Eric Lindstrom and Lee Fu for advancing the Harvest experiment and for
assisting with the renewal of interagency agreements needed for
experiment upgrades. A portion of the work described in this paper was
performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 51
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PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 91
EP 113
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.491028
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900006
ER
PT J
AU Birkett, CM
Beckley, B
AF Birkett, C. M.
Beckley, B.
TI Investigating the Performance of the Jason-2/OSTM Radar Altimeter over
Lakes and Reservoirs
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Jason-2/OSTM; satellite radar altimetry; instrument performance; lakes;
reservoirs
ID TOPEX/POSEIDON
AB Many inland water investigations utilize archival and near-real time radar altimetry data to enable observation of the variation in surface water level. A multialtimeter approach allows a more global outlook with improved spatial resolution, and combined long-term observations improve statistical analyses. Central to all programs is a performance assessment of each instrument. Here, we focus on data quantity and quality pertaining to the Poseidon-3 radar altimeter onboard the Jason-2/OSTM satellite. Utilizing an interim data set (IGDR), studies show that the new on-board DIODE/median and DIODE/DEM tracking modes are performing well, acquiring and maintaining the majority of lake and reservoir surfaces in varying terrains. The 20-Hz along-track resolution of the data, and particularly the availability of the range output from the ice-retracker algorithm, also improves the number of valid height measurements. Based on test-case lakes and reservoirs, output from the ice-retracker algorithm is also seen to have a clear advantage over the ocean-retracker having better height stability across calm and icy surfaces, a greater ability to gain coastline waters, and less sensitivity to loss of water surface when there is island contamination in the radar echo. Such on-board tracking and postprocessing retracking enables the lake waters to be quickly gained after coastline crossing. Values can range from <0.1 s to 2.5 s, but the majority of measurements are obtained in less than 0.4 s or <2.3 km from the coast. Validation exercises reveal that targets of similar to 150 km(2) surface area and similar to 0.8 km width are able to be monitored offering greater potential to acquire lakes in the 100-300 km(2) size-category. Time series of height variations are also found to be accurate to similar to 3 to 33 cm rms depending on target size and the presence of winter ice. These findings are an improvement over the IGDR/GDR results from the predecessor Jason-1 and TOPEX/Poseidon missions and can satisfy the accuracy requirements of both the science-related and operational lake study programs.
C1 [Birkett, C. M.] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Beckley, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Birkett, CM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, 5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM cmb@essic.umd.edu
FU NASA OSTM [NNX08AT88G]; NASA [NNX08AM72G]
FX The authors thank the reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript.
The authors acknowledge AVISO (through CNES) for the provision of the
Jason-2/OSTM IGDR data set. The following are acknowledged for the
lake/reservoir gauge data: NOAA (Lake Ontario), the USGS(Lake of the
Woods), the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Lake Powell), the USGS/NPS/Boat
Concessionaire/Phil Farnes (Yellowstone Lake), and Environment Canada
(Lake Diefenbaker). Satellite image access is courtesy of 2009 Google
Earth software and Maps service. This research was funded by the NASA
OSTM (NNX08AT88G) and NASA Decision Support (NNX08AM72G) grants.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
EI 1521-060X
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 204
EP 238
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.488983
PG 35
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900011
ER
PT J
AU Tseng, KH
Shum, CK
Yi, YC
Dai, CL
Lee, H
Bilitza, D
Komjathy, A
Kuo, CY
Ping, JS
Schmidt, M
AF Tseng, Kuo-Hsin
Shum, C. K.
Yi, Yuchan
Dai, Chunli
Lee, Hyongki
Bilitza, Dieter
Komjathy, Attila
Kuo, C. Y.
Ping, Jinsong
Schmidt, Michael
TI Regional Validation of Jason-2 Dual-Frequency Ionosphere Delays
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionosphere delay; total electron content; Satellite altimetry
ID GPS; ALTIMETRY
AB In this study, we validated the Jason-2 (J2) dual-frequency ionosphere delay measurements in terms of vertical total electron content (VTEC) in the Geophysical Data Record (GDR) with the coarse resolution JPL Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM), the regional ionospheric maps generated by the Crustal Motion Observation Network of China (CMONOC), and the Jason-1 (J1) interleaved tandem mission (with J2) ionosphere delay measurements. The estimates of the relative biases and their uncertainties (95% confidence, in TEC units) for various comparison cases with different data spans and regions are (1) J2-GIM: -3.07 +/- 0.18 TECu (or 6.75 +/- 0.40 mm in the range delay), (2) J2-CMONOC: -2.87 +/- 0.38 TECu (6.31 +/- 0.84 mm), (3) J1-GIM: -0.19 +/- 0.18 TECu (0.42 +/- 0.40 mm), and (4) J2-J1 via double-differencing, that is, (J2-GIM)-(J1-GIM): -2.88 +/- 0.26 TECu (6.34 +/- 0.57 mm). The scatter (RMS, about the mean differences) between J2 and GIM, CMONOC, or J1 is about 3 similar to 8 TECu (6.6 similar to 17.6 mm). We conclude that the results from global and regional analysis are consistent and that the J2 ionosphere delay is about 6 similar to 10 mm (95% confidence) shorter than the delay computed by GIM, J1, or the regional model.
C1 [Tseng, Kuo-Hsin] Ohio State Univ, Div Geodet Sci, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Bilitza, Dieter] George Mason Univ, Space Weather Lab, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Komjathy, Attila] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Kuo, C. Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Geomat, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Ping, Jinsong] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Schmidt, Michael] Deutsch Geodaet Forschungsinst, Munich, Germany.
RP Tseng, KH (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Geodet Sci, Sch Earth Sci, 125 S Oval Mall,275 Mendenhall Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM tseng.95@osu.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0418844]; NASA [JPL 1356532, 154-5322]; Chang'E-1 VLBI; BeiDou
GNSS
FX This research is supported by grants from NSF's National Space Weather
Program (ATM-0418844), and from NASA's Ocean Science Topography Mission
Program (JPL 1356532, and U. Colorado 154-5322). The Shanghai
Astronomical Observatory component of the study is supported by the
Chang'E-1 VLBI tracking project, and by the BeiDou GNSS Ionospheric
Modeling Project. We thank the Crustal Movement Observation Network of
China (CMONOC) for providing the high-level GPS VTEC data products used
in this study.
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SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 272
EP 284
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.487801
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900014
ER
PT J
AU Fok, HS
Iz, HB
Shum, CK
Yi, YC
Andersen, O
Braun, A
Chao, Y
Han, GQ
Kuo, CY
Matsumoto, K
Song, YT
AF Fok, H. S.
Iz, H. Baki
Shum, C. K.
Yi, Yuchan
Andersen, Ole
Braun, Alexander
Chao, Yi
Han, Guoqi
Kuo, C. Y.
Matsumoto, Koji
Song, Y. Tony
TI Evaluation of Ocean Tide Models Used for Jason-2 Altimetry Corrections
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ocean tides; satellite altimetry; coastal regions
ID TOPEX/POSEIDON
AB It has been more than a decade since the last comprehensive accuracy assessment of global ocean tide models. Here, we conduct an evaluation of the barotropic ocean tide corrections, which were computed using FES2004 and GOT00.2, and other models on the Jason-2 altimetry Geophysical Data Record (GDR), with a focus on selected coastal regions with energetic ocean dynamics. We compared nine historical and contemporary ocean tide models with pelagic tidal constants and with multiple satellite altimetry mission (T/P, ERS-1/-2, Envisat, GFO, Jason-1/-2) sea level anomalies using variance reduction studies. All accuracy assessment methods show consistent results. We conclude that all the contemporary ocean tide models evaluated have similar performance in the selected coastal regions. However, their accuracies are region-dependent and overall are significantly worse than those in the deep-ocean, which are at the 2-3 cm RMS (root-mean-square) level. The Gulf of Mexico and Northwest Atlantic regions present the least reduction of altimetry sea surface height variability after ocean tides are removed, primarily because of large oceanic variability associated with loop currents in the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulf Stream in the Northwest Atlantic.
C1 [Fok, H. S.; Shum, C. K.; Yi, Yuchan] Ohio State Univ, Div Geodet Sci, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Iz, H. Baki] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Andersen, Ole] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, Div Geodesy, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Braun, Alexander] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Geosci, Sch Nat Sci & Math, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Chao, Yi; Song, Y. Tony] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Kuo, C. Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Geomat, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Matsumoto, Koji] Natl Astron Observ Japan, RISE Project, Oshu, Japan.
RP Fok, HS (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Geodet Sci, Sch Earth Sci, 125 S Oval Mall,275 Mendenhall Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM fok.8@buckeyemail.osu.edu
RI Iz, Huseyin Baki/C-9988-2009; Andersen, Ole /H-7481-2016
OI Iz, Huseyin Baki/0000-0001-6709-0475; Andersen, Ole /0000-0002-6685-3415
FU NASA under the Ocean Surface Topography Mission (OSTM) [JPL 1356532];
University of Colorado [154-5322]; Hong Kong Research Grants Council
[PolyU 5184/06E/B-Q02D]; Canadian Space Agency; Jet Propulsion
Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology under contract with
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX This research is partially support by grants from NASA's Physical
Oceanography Program under the Ocean Surface Topography Mission (OSTM)
projects (JPL 1356532, and University of Colorado 154-5322), from Hong
Kong Research Grants Council (Grant No. PolyU 5184/06E/B-Q02D), and from
the Canadian Space Agency. TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Jason-2 altimetry
data products are from NASA and CNES, via JPL PODACC and CNES Aviso.
ERS-1/-2 and Envisat altimetry data are from ESA/ESRIN, and GFO
altimetry data are provided by the U.S. Navy, via NOAA's Laboratory for
Satellite Altimetry. This research was carried out, in part, by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments
which resulted in an improved manuscript. We thank the ocean tidal
modelers for providing their models, and Richard Ray for providing
pelagic and coastal gauge tidal constants.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 285
EP 303
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.491027
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900015
ER
PT J
AU Hausman, J
Zlotnicki, V
AF Hausman, Jessica
Zlotnicki, Victor
TI Sea State Bias in Radar Altimetry Revisited
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Jason-1; OSTM; sea state bias; mean sea surface
ID LEVEL
AB Sea state bias (SSB) is calculated anew for each radar altimeter. The input data are sea surface height (h) differences, separated in time by at most one repeat cycle, or the difference between measured h and a time-mean sea surface, an approach called here "differences from the mean" (DFM). In order to release data to users soon, early estimates of SSB are computed from short time series. This work has three objectives: 1) show that the DFM approach introduces spurious values in the estimated SSB, 2) quantify the SSB error caused by short time series, and 3) estimate SSB for OSTM.
C1 [Hausman, Jessica; Zlotnicki, Victor] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Hausman, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,M-S 300-320, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Jessica.K.Hausman@jpl.nasa.gov
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA;
Earth Observing System's Data and Information System
FX We are grateful to Dimitris Menemenlis and the ECCO2 Team for the ECCO2
output, Akiko Hayashi for the Jason data gridded alongtrack, and Remko
Scharroo for the very useful RADS database. Jason-1 GDR data were also
obtained from PO. DAAC. This work was performed at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and sponsored by NASA's
Physical Oceanography Program (VZ) and the Earth Observing System's Data
and Information System (JH).
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 336
EP 347
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.487804
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900018
ER
PT J
AU Bertiger, W
Desai, SD
Dorsey, A
Haines, BJ
Harvey, N
Kuang, D
Sibthorpe, A
Weiss, JP
AF Bertiger, Willy
Desai, Shailen D.
Dorsey, Angie
Haines, Bruce J.
Harvey, Nate
Kuang, Da
Sibthorpe, Ant
Weiss, Jan P.
TI Sub-Centimeter Precision Orbit Determination with GPS for Ocean
Altimetry
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Precision orbit determination; GPS; satellite altimetry; Jason; OSTM;
ambiguity resolution
ID TOPEX/POSEIDON; SATELLITES; TRACKING; SERVICE; MODEL
AB We assess the accuracy of JPL's estimated OSTM/Jason-2 Global Positioning System (GPS)-determined orbits based on residuals to independent satellite laser ranging (SLR) data, compared with orbits produced by different software from different data (SLR/DORIS), Geophysical Data Record version C (GDR-C) orbits, and altimeter crossover tests. All of these tests are consistent with sub-cm radial accuracy: high elevation SLR residual standard deviation lies at 6.8 mm, RMS differences from GDR-C in the radial component typically fall below a cm, and altimeter crossovers from JPL orbits have a variance 89 mm(2) smaller than altimeter crossovers from GDR-C orbits. Although RMS differences between radial components of different orbit solutions typically lie below a cm, we observe systematic dependences on both time and geography. The improved precision and accuracy of JPL's OSTM/Jason-2 orbit solutions rely on a new algorithm for applying constraints to integer carrier phase ambiguities. This algorithm is sufficiently robust to improve solutions despite half-cycle carrier phase identification issues in OSTM/Jason-2's BlackJack receiver. Although Jason-1 receiver performance differs, our algorithm should extend to Jason-1 processing (during the time span of nominal GPS receiver operations).
C1 [Bertiger, Willy; Desai, Shailen D.; Dorsey, Angie; Haines, Bruce J.; Harvey, Nate; Kuang, Da; Sibthorpe, Ant; Weiss, Jan P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Bertiger, W (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM William.i.bertiger@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Sibthorpe, Ant/C-1940-2012
FU NASA; OSTM at JPL; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
FX We would like to thank the POD teams at CNES, GSFC, and Center for Space
Research (CSR) for providing comparison orbits and technical exchanges.
Our progress relies on this valuable interaction. The results described
in this paper were enabled by a long-term investment in GPS
infrastructure and technology by the NASA Earth Science Division.
Additional support was provided by the NASA Physical Oceanography
Program and the OSTM Project at JPL. We also thank Robert Decarvalho for
his help in analyzing orbit differences. The work described in this
paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
NR 18
TC 27
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U1 0
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 363
EP 378
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.487800
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900020
ER
PT J
AU Cerri, L
Berthias, JP
Bertiger, WI
Haines, BJ
Lemoine, FG
Mercier, F
Ries, JC
Willis, P
Zelensky, NP
Ziebart, M
AF Cerri, L.
Berthias, J. P.
Bertiger, W. I.
Haines, B. J.
Lemoine, F. G.
Mercier, F.
Ries, J. C.
Willis, P.
Zelensky, N. P.
Ziebart, M.
TI Precision Orbit Determination Standards for the Jason Series of
Altimeter Missions
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Precision orbit determination; DORIS; SLR; GPS; satellite altimetry;
Jason; OSTM
ID GRAVITY-FIELD MODELS; MEAN SEA-LEVEL; TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; GEOCENTER
VARIATIONS; MASS REDISTRIBUTION; GRAVITATIONAL-FIELD; RADIATION
PRESSURE; GLOBAL OCEAN; TOPEX/POSEIDON; LAGEOS
AB The Jason-1 altimeter satellite and its follow-on mission Jason-2/OSTM were launched in December 2001 and June 2008, respectively, to provide the scientific community with a high-accuracy continuous record of observations of the ocean surface topography. Both missions carry on board three state-of-the-art tracking systems (DORIS, GPS, SLR) to meet the requirement of better-than-1.5 cm radial accuracy for the operational orbit included in the geophysical data record (GDR) product.
This article outlines the common set of models and processing techniques applied to both Jason reprocessed and operational orbits included in version C of the GDR, referred to as GDR-C standards for precision orbit determination (POD), and describes the systematic components of the radial error budget that are of most interest for the altimeter data analysts. The nonsystematic component of the error budget, quantified by intercomparison of orbits using similar models or with reduced dependency on the dynamic models, is generally at or below 7 mm RMS (root-mean-square). In particular, the average daily RMS of the radial difference between the JPL and CNES reduced-dynamic orbits on Jason-2 is below 6 mm. Concerning the dynamic models employed, the principal contributors to residual systematic differences appear to be the time varying gravity and solar radiation pressure, resulting in geographically correlated periodic signals that have amplitudes at the few-mm level. Concerning the drifts of the orbits along the North/South direction, all solutions agree to better than the 1 mm/year level.
C1 [Cerri, L.; Berthias, J. P.; Mercier, F.] CNES, Toulouse, France.
[Ries, J. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Lemoine, F. G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Zelensky, N. P.] SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Bertiger, W. I.; Haines, B. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Willis, P.] Direct Tech, Inst Geog Natl, St Mande, France.
[Willis, P.] Inst Phys Globe, Paris, France.
[Ziebart, M.] UCL, Dept Geomat Engn, London, England.
RP Cerri, L (reprint author), CNES, 18 Av Edouard Belin, Toulouse, France.
EM luca.cerri@cnes.fr
RI Willis, Pascal/A-8046-2008; Lemoine, Frank/D-1215-2013
OI Willis, Pascal/0000-0002-3257-0679;
NR 92
TC 61
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
EI 1521-060X
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 379
EP 418
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.488966
PG 40
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900021
ER
PT J
AU Desai, SD
Haines, BJ
AF Desai, Shailen D.
Haines, Bruce J.
TI Precise Near-Real-Time Sea Surface Height Measurements from the Jason-1
and Jason-2/OSTM Missions
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Altimetry; sea surface height; precise orbit determination;
near-real-time
ID TOPEX/POSEIDON; CALIBRATION
AB Precise measurements of sea surface height from the Jason-1 and Jason-2/Ocean Surface Topography Mission satellite altimeter missions are being generated within seven and four hours, respectively, of real time by applying high accuracy orbit altitudes to their near-real-time altimetry products. The near-real-time orbit altitudes have respective accuracies of <2 and <1 cm (RMS), and the corresponding sea surface height measurements have accuracies of <4.0 and <3.5 cm, respectively. These near-real-time orbit solutions are computed using GPS-based precise orbit determination for Jason-2, and Jason-1/Jason-2 sea surface height crossover differences for Jason-1.
C1 [Desai, Shailen D.; Haines, Bruce J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Desai, SD (reprint author), 4800 Oak Grove Dr,M-S 238-600, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Shailen.Desai@jpl.nasa.gov
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX The work described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the reviewers
for their valuable comments on this paper.
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 419
EP 434
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.488968
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900022
ER
PT J
AU Beckley, BD
Zelensky, NP
Holmes, SA
Lemoine, FG
Ray, RD
Mitchum, GT
Desai, SD
Brown, ST
AF Beckley, B. D.
Zelensky, N. P.
Holmes, S. A.
Lemoine, F. G.
Ray, R. D.
Mitchum, G. T.
Desai, S. D.
Brown, S. T.
TI Assessment of the Jason-2 Extension to the TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1
Sea-Surface Height Time Series for Global Mean Sea Level Monitoring
SO MARINE GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Jason-2; satellite altimetry; calibration; verification; mean sea level
ID STATE BIAS; TOPEX; ALTIMETERS; PRESSURE; MODELS; WIND
AB The Jason-2 (OSTM) follow-on mission to Jason-1 provides for the continuation of global and regional mean sea level estimates along the ground-track of the initial phase of the TOPEX/Poseidon mission. During the first several months, Jason-1 and Jason-2 flew in formation separated by only 55 seconds, enabling the isolation of intermission instrument biases through direct collinear differencing of near simultaneous observations. The Jason-2 Ku-band range bias with respect to Jason-1 is estimated to be -84 +/- 9 mm, based on the orbit altitudes provided on the Geophysical Data Records. Modest improved agreement is achieved with the GSFC replacement orbits, which further enables the isolation of subtle (<1 cm) instrument-dependent range correction biases. Inter-mission bias estimates are confirmed with an independent assessment from comparisons to a 64-station tide-gauge network, also providing an estimate of the stability of the 17-year time series to be less than 0.1 mm/yr +/- 0.4 mm/yr. The global mean sea level derived from the multi-mission altimeter sea-surface height record from January 1993 through September 2009 is 3.3 +/- 0.4 mm/yr. Recent trends over the period from 2004 through 2008 are smaller and estimated to be 2.0 +/- 0.4 mm/yr.
C1 [Beckley, B. D.; Zelensky, N. P.; Holmes, S. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Mitchum, G. T.] Univ S Florida, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Desai, S. D.; Brown, S. T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Beckley, BD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT Inc, Code 614-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM brian.d.beckley@nasa.gov
RI Ray, Richard/D-1034-2012; Lemoine, Frank/D-1215-2013
FU U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the auspices of
the Ocean Surface Topography Science Team; IDS Program in Mean Sea
Level; MEaSUREs program
FX We acknowledge the JPL PODAAC for providing T/P and Jason-1 GDR data,
and the AVHRR SST data, and CNES AVISO for the OSTM GDR data. We thank
Nicolas Picot and Remko Scharroo for providing Jason-1 GDR B correction
tables prior to the version C release. Foremost the authors are honored
to have been able to make a contribution to this special issue dedicated
to the memory of Yves Menard. This work was supported by the U.S.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the auspices of the
Ocean Surface Topography Science Team, the IDS Program in Mean Sea
Level, and the MEaSUREs program.
NR 50
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0419
J9 MAR GEOD
JI Mar. Geod.
PY 2010
VL 33
SU 1
BP 447
EP 471
DI 10.1080/01490419.2010.491029
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA 645AI
UT WOS:000281422900024
ER
PT J
AU McFee, WE
Schwacke, JH
Stolen, MK
Mullin, KD
Schwacke, LH
AF McFee, Wayne E.
Schwacke, John H.
Stolen, Megan K.
Mullin, Keith D.
Schwacke, Lori H.
TI Investigation of growth phases for bottlenose dolphins using a Bayesian
modeling approach
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian model; triple-logistic growth function; bottlenose dolphin;
Tursiops truncatus; age and growth
ID RIVER LAGOON SYSTEM; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
SOUTH-CAROLINA; CURVE ANALYSIS; AGE; PATTERNS; USA; REPRODUCTION;
STRANDINGS
AB P>The Gompertz function is the most commonly used growth function for cetacean studies. However, this function cannot represent multiple phases of growth. In this study, we present a Bayesian framework fitting parameters of a triple-logistic growth function to describe multiple phases of growth for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), simultaneously fitting and comparing all growth parameters between South Carolina (SC), Mississippi Sound (MSS), and Indian River Lagoon (IRL) cohorts. The fitted functions indicated a preliminary early, rapid growth phase, followed by a second phase of slower growth, and then a moderate growth spurt later in life. Growth parameters between geographic cohorts did not show obvious differences, although asymptotic length for SC dolphins was lower than MSS and IRL dolphins and significantly lower between females from SC and the IRL. Growth rate velocities between the sexes showed females exceed males initially (< 1 yr), followed by males gaining an advantage around the ages of 3-4 yr until the age of around 15 yr when growth rates for both sexes approached zero (asymptotic length). This study demonstrates age-related changes in growth rates between bottlenose dolphin sexes and evidence of at least some differences (i.e., asymptotic length) across geographic cohorts.
C1 [McFee, Wayne E.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Schwacke, John H.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biostat Bioinformat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Stolen, Megan K.] Hubbs Sea World Res Inst, Orlando, FL 32821 USA.
[Mullin, Keith D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Schwacke, Lori H.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP McFee, WE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM wayne.mcfee@noaa.gov
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 1
BP 67
EP 85
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00306.x
PG 19
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 538EO
UT WOS:000273167300005
ER
PT J
AU Roth, DJ
Tokars, RP
Martin, RE
Rauser, RW
Aldrin, JC
Schumacher, EJ
AF Roth, D. J.
Tokars, R. P.
Martin, R. E.
Rauser, R. W.
Aldrin, J. C.
Schumacher, E. J.
TI Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for an Isogrid Structural Element with
Cracks
SO MATERIALS EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nondestructive testing; computational simulation; ultrasonics; isogrid;
stiffener element; modeling; phased array
AB In this investigation, a T-shaped aluminum alloy isogrid stiffener element used in aerospace applications was tested with ultrasonic phased array techniques. The isogrid stiffener element had various crack configurations emanating from bolt holes. Computational simulation methods were used to mimic the experiments in order to help understand experimental results. The results of this study indicate that it is at least partly feasible to interrogate this type of geometry with the given discontinuity configurations using phased array ultrasonics. The simulation methods were critical in helping explain the experimental results and, with some limitation, can be used to predict testing results.
C1 [Roth, D. J.; Tokars, R. P.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Martin, R. E.] Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Rauser, R. W.] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Aldrin, J. C.] Computat Tools Inc, Gurnee, IL 60031 USA.
[Schumacher, E. J.] Magsoft Corp, Clifton Pk, NY 12065 USA.
RP Roth, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, MS 6-1,Rm 117E,Bldg 6,21000 Brook Pk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM donald.j.roth@nasa.gov
FU Magsoft Corporation
FX CIVA software, developed by the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
and distributed and supported by Magsoft Corporation, was Used to model
the phased array ultrasonic testing of the isogrid stiffener element.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA
SN 0025-5327
J9 MATER EVAL
JI Mater. Eval.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 1
BP 76
EP 83
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 542EU
UT WOS:000273476000011
ER
PT J
AU Eliezer, D
Nissim, Y
Kannengiesser, T
AF Eliezer, Dan
Nissim, Y.
Kannengiesser, Thomas
TI Effects of Shielding with Various Hydrogen-Argon Mixtures on
Supermartensitic Stainless Steel TIG Welds
SO MATERIALS TESTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOY
AB A number of common defects in stainless steel welding result from the presence of hydrogen in the weld. The service life of the stainless steel joints is further significantly dependent on the presence of hydrogen in the respective environment and the susceptibility of various weld microstructures to hydrogen degradation. As a relatively new materials generation, supermartensitic stainless steels (SMSS) are increasingly applied to substitute more expensive alloys, particularly in the oil and gas industries. As a result of their martensitic microstructure these alloys are prone to hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC). The resistance of SMSS to hydrogen assisted stress corrosion cracking (HASCC) during sour service has been extensively studied, predominantly for industrial purposes. Studies are primarily conducted with parent materials based on standard test procedures. The principal hydrogen behavior in welded SMSS microstructures has been less investigated. The central objectives of the study are to determine the hydrogen interactions with the microstructure of a Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welded SMSS and hydrogen trapping mechanisms. The interactions of hydrogen with various Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded SMSS microstructures are investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optic (OM) and electronic microscopy (SEM). A number of methods have been employed for the estimation of the quantities of absorbed hydrogen. Hydrogen interaction with structural defects and the characteristics of hydrogen desorption have been studied by means of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), and hydrogen content measurements (LECO analyses). The effects of the respective microstructure on hydrogen absorption and desorption behavior are discussed in detail.
C1 [Eliezer, Dan; Nissim, Y.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Mat Engn, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
[Eliezer, Dan] NASA, Natl Res Council, Ames Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Eliezer, Dan] Univ Illinois, Dept Min & Met, Chicago, IL 60680 USA.
[Kannengiesser, Thomas] BAM, Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, Berlin, Germany.
RP Eliezer, D (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Mat Engn, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU CARL HANSER VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0025-5300
J9 MATER TEST
JI Mater. Test.
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 5
BP 306
EP 315
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 599NA
UT WOS:000277918700004
ER
PT S
AU Valsecchi, GB
Rossi, A
Milani, A
Chesley, SR
AF Valsecchi, G. B.
Rossi, A.
Milani, A.
Chesley, S. R.
BE DeLeon, M
DeDiego, DM
Ros, RM
TI Collision probability: a new analytical derivation
SO MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY: A JOINT LONG JOURNEY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Mathematics and Astronomy: A Joint Long
Journey
CY NOV 23-27, 2009
CL Madrid, SPAIN
SP Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Minist Ciencia Innovac, Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, Consolider Ingenio Matemat, Int Astronom Union, Int Math Union
DE Collisions; Near-Earth Asteroids
AB We characterize the region in orbital elements space containing collisions solutions of a small body with a planet, in the framework of the analytical theory of close encounters. This allows us to derive an analytical estimate of the probability of collision somewhat different from the well-known one given by Opik.
C1 [Valsecchi, G. B.] INAF, IASF Roma, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Rossi, A.] CNR, ISTI, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
[Milani, A.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Chesley, S. R.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Valsecchi, GB (reprint author), INAF, IASF Roma, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
RI Rossi, Alessandro/D-4408-2016;
OI Rossi, Alessandro/0000-0001-9311-2869; Valsecchi,
Giovanni/0000-0002-2915-1465
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0837-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1283
BP 231
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3506064
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; History & Philosophy Of Science; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; History & Philosophy of Science; Mathematics
GA BTK71
UT WOS:000287171000027
ER
PT J
AU Ayyub, BM
Prassinos, PG
Etherton, J
AF Ayyub, Bilal M.
Prassinos, Peter G.
Etherton, John
TI risk-INFORMED DECISION MAKING
SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ayyub, Bilal M.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol Syst & Syst Management, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Prassinos, Peter G.] NASA Headquarters, Off Safety & Mission Assurance, Washington, DC USA.
[Etherton, John] Ctr Safer Solut, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Ayyub, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol Syst & Syst Management, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0025-6501
J9 MECH ENG
JI Mech. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 132
IS 1
BP 28
EP 33
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 617AF
UT WOS:000279252400023
ER
PT S
AU Ramirez-Rico, J
Bautista, MA
Martinez-Fernandez, J
Singh, M
AF Ramirez-Rico, J.
Bautista, M. A.
Martinez-Fernandez, J.
Singh, M.
BE Singh, D
Kriven, WM
TI COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH DEGRADATION IN ZrB2-SiC AND ZrB2-SiC-C ULTRA HIGH
TEMPERATURE COMPOSITES
SO MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF ENGINEERING CERAMICS AND
COMPOSITES IV
SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites
CY JAN 18-23, 2009
CL Daytona Beach, FL
ID DIBORIDE-SILICON CARBIDE; ZIRCONIUM DIBORIDE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
PARTICLE-SIZE; CERAMICS; OXIDATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; AIR; STABILITY;
HAFNIUM
AB The high melting point of refractory metal diborides makes them promising materials for ultra high temperature applications. In this work, we study the compressive strength of two ZrB2-SiC and ZrB2-SiC-C composites. Samples have been studied in compression at room temperature, 1400 degrees C and 1550 degrees C, in atmospheric air. The degradation of the mechanical properties as a result of atmospheric air exposure at high temperatures has also been studied as a function of exposure time. The presence of C is detrimental to the compressive strength, as carbon burns out at high temperatures in air. After exposure to air at high temperatures an external SiO2 layer is formed, below which ZrB2 oxidizes to ZrO2. A reduction of 30% in room temperature strength occurs after 16-24h of exposure to air at 1400 degrees C for the ZrB2-SiC material, while for the ZrB2-SiC-C composition this reduction is observed after less than 6h. The thickness of the oxide layer has been measured and the oxidation process is discussed in terms of the existing models:
C1 [Ramirez-Rico, J.; Bautista, M. A.; Martinez-Fernandez, J.] Univ Seville, CSIC, Dpto Fis Mat Condensada ICMSE, Avda Reina Mercedes S-N, Seville 41012, Spain.
[Singh, M.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Ramirez-Rico, J (reprint author), Univ Seville, CSIC, Dpto Fis Mat Condensada ICMSE, Avda Reina Mercedes S-N, Seville 41012, Spain.
RI Ramirez-Rico, Joaquin/A-7006-2009; MARTINEZ FERNANDEZ,
JULIAN/K-1826-2012
OI Ramirez-Rico, Joaquin/0000-0002-1184-0756; MARTINEZ FERNANDEZ,
JULIAN/0000-0002-1199-6638
FU European Office of Aerospace Research and Development; Air Force Office
of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory
[FA8655-07-1-3087]; Junta de Andalucia FPDI
FX This material is based upon work supported by the European Office of
Aerospace Research and Development, Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, Air Force Research Laboratory, under Grant No.
FA8655-07-1-3087. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Office of Aerospace
Research and Development, Air Force Office of Scientific Research or Air
Force Research Laboratory. SEM observations were done at the CITIUS of
the Universidad de Sevilla. J.R-R. was funded by a Junta de Andalucia
FPDI grant.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA
SN 0196-6219
BN 978-0-470-45752-8
J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 2
BP 127
EP +
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA BQS19
UT WOS:000281694100011
ER
PT J
AU Mayugo, JA
Camanho, PP
Maimi, P
Davila, CG
AF Mayugo, J. A.
Camanho, P. P.
Maimi, P.
Davila, C. G.
TI Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of
[+/-theta/90(n)](s) Composite Laminates under Multiaxial Loading
SO MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Composite materials; fracture; transverse cracking; failure criteria;
multiaxial loading; damage
ID STIFFNESS REDUCTION; FAILURE; PLY; MECHANICS
AB An analytical model based on the analysis of a cracked unit cell of a composite laminate subjected to multiaxial loads is proposed to predict the onset and accumulation of transverse matrix cracks in the 90(n) plies of uniformly stressed [+/-theta/90(n)](s) laminates. The model predicts the effect of matrix cracks on the stiffness of the laminate, as well as the ultimate failure of the laminate, and it accounts for the effect of the ply thickness on the ply strength. Several examples describing the predictions of laminate response, from damage onset up to final failure under both uniaxial and multiaxial loads, are presented.
C1 [Mayugo, J. A.; Maimi, P.] Univ Girona, Escola Politecn Super, AMADE, Girona, Spain.
[Camanho, P. P.] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, DEMec, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
[Davila, C. G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Mayugo, JA (reprint author), Univ Girona, Escola Politecn Super, AMADE, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain.
EM ja.mayugo@udg.edu
RI Davila, Carlos/D-8559-2011; Camanho, Pedro /E-1666-2011; Mayugo, Joan
Andreu/C-3772-2009; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/B-6537-2014; Balanzat,
Josep Costa/C-1017-2014; Maimi, Pere/C-3581-2009
OI Mayugo, Joan Andreu/0000-0001-8210-3529; AMADE Research Group,
AMADE/0000-0002-5778-3291; Maimi, Pere/0000-0002-7350-1506
FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
[PDCT/EME_PME/64984/2006]; Spanish Government [TRA2006-15718-C02-01]
FX The financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) under the project PDCT/EME_PME/64984/2006 is
acknowledged by the second author.; The present work has been partially
funded by the Spanish Government the under research project
TRA2006-15718-C02-01.
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1537-6494
J9 MECH ADV MATER STRUC
JI Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct.
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 4
BP 237
EP 245
DI 10.1080/15376490903056577
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 596RV
UT WOS:000277703900001
ER
PT J
AU Jones, SM
AF Jones, Steven M.
TI Non-silica aerogels as hypervelocity particle capture materials
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COHERENT EXPANDED AEROGELS; IMPACT FEATURES; COMET 81P/WILD-2; DUST;
STARDUST; RESIDUES; IDENTIFICATION; ALUMINUM; CRATERS; INTACT
AB The Stardust sample return mission to the comet Wild 2 used silica aerogel as the principal cometary and interstellar particle capture and return medium. However, since both cometary dust and interstellar grains arc composed largely of silica, using a silica collector complicates the science that can be accomplished with these particles. The use of non-silica aerogel in future extra-terrestrial particle capture and return missions would expand the scientific value of these missions. Alumina, titania, germania, zirconia, tin oxide, and resorcinol/formaldehyde aerogels were produced and impact tested with 20, 50, and 100 pm glass microspheres to determine the suitability of different non-silica aerogels as hypervelocity particle capture mediums. It was found that non-silica aerogels do perform as efficient hypervelocity capture mediums, with alumina, zirconia, and resorcinol/formaldehyde aerogels proving to be the best of the materials tested.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Jones, SM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 125-109, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM steven.m.jones@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. Government sponsorship
acknowledged.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 91
EP 98
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.01007.x
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 591TE
UT WOS:000277326500008
ER
PT J
AU Kebukawa, Y
Nakashima, S
Zolensky, ME
AF Kebukawa, Yoko
Nakashima, Satoru
Zolensky, Michael E.
TI Kinetics of organic matter degradation in the Murchison meteorite for
the evaluation of parent-body temperature history
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; CM-CHONDRITES; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; THERMAL
METAMORPHISM; PRIMITIVE METEORITES; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; HYDROUS
ASTEROIDS; C-13 NMR; INTERSTELLAR; ORIGIN
AB To evaluate kinetic parameters for thermal degradation of organic matter, in situ heating experiments of insoluble organic matter (IOM) and bulk of Murchison (CM2) meteorite were conducted under Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy combined with a heating stage. Decreases of aliphatic C-H band area under Ar flow were well fitted with Ginstling-Brounshtein three-dimensional diffusion model, and the rate constants for decreases of aliphatic C-H were determined. Activation energies E(a) and frequency factors A obtained from these rate constants at different temperatures using the Arrhenius equation were E(a) = 109 +/- 3 kJ mol(-1) and A = 8.7 x 10(4) s(-1) for IOM, and E(a) = 61 +/- 6 kJ mol(-1) and A = 3.8 s(-1) for bulk, respectively. Activation energy values of aliphatic C-H decrease are larger for IOM than bulk. Hence, the mineral assemblage of the Murchison meteorite might have catalytic effects for the organic matter degradation. Using obtained kinetic expressions. the time scale for metamorphism can be estimated for a given temperature with aliphatic C-H band area, or the temperature of metamorphism can be estimated for a given time scale. For example, using the obtained kinetic parameters of mm, aliphatic C-H is lost approximately within 200 years at 100 degrees C and 100 Myr at 0 degrees C. Assuming alteration period of 7.5 Myr, alteration temperatures could be calculated to be <15 +/- 12 degrees C. Aliphatic C-H decrease profiles in a parent body can be estimated using time-temperature history model. The kinetic expression obtained by the infrared spectral band of aliphatic C-H could be used as an alternative method to evaluate thermal processes of organic matter in carbonaceous chondrites.
C1 [Kebukawa, Yoko; Nakashima, Satoru] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
[Zolensky, Michael E.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, KT, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP Kebukawa, Y (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM ykebukawa@ciw.edu
RI Kebukawa, Yoko/A-7315-2010
OI Kebukawa, Yoko/0000-0001-8430-3612
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists
FX We thank helpful reviews of Dr. H. Yabuta, Dr. H. Busemann, and
associate editor Dr. S. Sandford. This research was supported by
Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
for Young Scientists to YK.
NR 52
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 99
EP 113
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.01008.x
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 591TE
UT WOS:000277326500009
ER
PT S
AU Bagge, L
Epp, L
Kaul, AR
Kaul, AB
AF Bagge, Leif
Epp, Larry
Kaul, Abdur R.
Kaul, Anupama B.
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI AC Modeling of Mechanical Resonators Based on Carbon Nanotubes
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
ID OSCILLATOR; MEMS
AB We have analyzed mechanical resonances in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based on single, vertically-oriented tubes for their potential application in high-frequency, high-Q, miniaturized resonators. The nano-electro-mechanical (NEM) resonators were modeled using a commercially available finite-element-simulator, where the electro-mechanical coupling of the CNT to an incoming AC signal on a probe in close proximity was examined. The modeling results confirmed that the mechanical resonance was maximized when the frequency of the input signal was equal to the first order harmonic of the CNT. An investigation of the resonance frequency was also performed for various geometrical parameters of our unique three-dimensional (3D) NEMS architecture.
C1 [Bagge, Leif; Epp, Larry; Kaul, Abdur R.; Kaul, Anupama B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Bagge, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM anupama.b.kaul@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76792E
DI 10.1117/12.852488
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300064
ER
PT S
AU Getty, SA
Auciello, O
Sumant, AV
Wang, XP
Glavin, DP
Mahaffy, PR
AF Getty, Stephanie A.
Auciello, Orlando
Sumant, Anirudha V.
Wang, Xinpeng
Glavin, Daniel P.
Mahaffy, Paul R.
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI Characterization of Nitrogen-Incorporated Ultrananocrystalline Diamond
as a Robust Cold Cathode Material
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Field emission; ultrananocrystalline diamond
ID FIELD-EMISSION; FILMS
AB Carbon materials, including carbon nanotubes and nanostructured diamond, have been investigated for over a decade for application to electron field emission devices. In particular, they have been investigated because of their low power consumption, potential for miniaturization, and robustness as field emission materials, all properties that make nanocarbon materials strong candidates for applications as long life electron sources for mass spectrometers for space exploration, where electron sources are exposed to harsh environments,. A miniaturized mass spectrometer under development for in situ chemical analysis on the moon and other planetary environments requires a robust, long-lived electron source, to generate ions from gaseous sample using electron impact ionization. To this end, we have explored the field emission properties and lifetime of nitrogen-incorporated ultrananocrystalline diamond films. We will present recent results revealing that UNCD films with nitrogen incorporation during growth (N-UNCD) yield stable/high field-induced electron emission in high vacuum for up to 1000 hours.
C1 [Getty, Stephanie A.; Glavin, Daniel P.; Mahaffy, Paul R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Getty, SA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Getty, Stephanie/D-7037-2012; Mahaffy, Paul/E-4609-2012; Glavin,
Daniel/D-6194-2012
OI Glavin, Daniel/0000-0001-7779-7765
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76791N
DI 10.1117/12.850585
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300046
ER
PT S
AU Hunter, GW
Xu, JC
Evans, L
Biaggi-Labiosa, A
Ward, BJ
Rowe, S
Makel, DB
Liu, CC
Dutta, P
Berger, GM
Vander Wal, RL
AF Hunter, G. W.
Xu, J. C.
Evans, L.
Biaggi-Labiosa, A.
Ward, B. J.
Rowe, S.
Makel, D. B.
Liu, C. C.
Dutta, P.
Berger, G. M.
Vander Wal, R. L.
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI The Development of Micro/Nano Chemical Sensor Systems for Aerospace
Applications
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Microsensor; nanosensor; aerospace; gas; intelligent system; emissions;
fire
ID OXIDE
AB Aerospace applications require a range of chemical sensing technologies to monitor conditions related to both space exploration and aeronautic aircraft operations. These applications include leak detection, engine emissions monitoring, fire detection, human health monitoring, and environmental monitoring. This paper discusses efforts to produce microsensor platforms and Smart Sensor Systems that can be tailored to measure a range of chemical species. This technology development ranges from development of base sensor platforms to the evaluation of more mature systems in relevant environments. Although microsensor systems can have a significant impact on aerospace applications, extensive application testing is necessary for their long-term implementation. The introduction of nanomaterials into microsensor platforms has the potential to significantly enable improved sensor performance, but control of those nanostructures is necessary in order to achieve maximum benefits. Examples will be given of microsensor platform technology, Smart Sensor Systems, application testing, and efforts to integrate and control nanostructures into sensor structures.
C1 [Hunter, G. W.; Xu, J. C.; Evans, L.; Biaggi-Labiosa, A.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Hunter, GW (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, 21000 Brookpark Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76790S
DI 10.1117/12.850486
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300023
ER
PT S
AU Kaul, AB
Khan, AR
Megerian, KG
Epp, L
LeDuc, HG
Bagge, L
Jennings, AT
Jang, D
Greer, JR
AF Kaul, A. B.
Khan, A. R.
Megerian, K. G.
Epp, L.
LeDuc, H. G.
Bagge, L.
Jennings, A. T.
Jang, D.
Greer, J. R.
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI Carbon-based Nano-electro-mechanical-systems
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
ID NANOELECTROMECHANICAL SWITCHES; NANOTUBES; INSTABILITIES; NANOFIBERS;
NANOWIRES; DEVICES; MEMORY
AB We provide an overview of our work where carbon-based nanostructures have been applied to two-dimensional (2D) planar and three-dimensional (3D) vertically-oriented nano-electro-mechanical (NEM) switches. In the first configuration, laterally oriented single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) synthesized using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were implemented for forming bridge-type 2D NEMS switches, where switching voltages were on the order of a few volts. In the second configuration, vertically oriented carbon nanofibers (CNFs) synthesized using plasma-enhanced (PE) CVD have been explored for their potential application in 3D NEMS. We have performed nanomechanical measurements on such vertically oriented tubes using nanoindentation to determine the mechanical properties of the CNFs. Electrostatic switching was demonstrated in the CNFs synthesized on refractory metallic nitride substrates, where a nanoprobe was used as the actuating electrode inside a scanning-electron-microscope. The switching voltages were determined to be in the tens of volts range and van der Waals interactions at these length scales appeared significant, suggesting such structures are promising for nonvolatile memory applications. A finite element model was also developed to determine a theoretical pull-in voltage which was compared to experimental results.
C1 [Kaul, A. B.; Khan, A. R.; Megerian, K. G.; Epp, L.; LeDuc, H. G.; Bagge, L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Kaul, AB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM anupama.b.kaul@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Jang, Dongchan/C-9510-2012
OI Jang, Dongchan/0000-0002-2814-9734
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76790N
DI 10.1117/12.851293
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300019
ER
PT S
AU Mukherjee, R
Heiges, M
Matthies, L
AF Mukherjee, Rudranarayan
Heiges, Michael
Matthies, Larry
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI Review of Micro Autonomous Vehicle Sizing and Power Modeling
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Micro autonomous vehicles; review; power modeling; battery technology
AB This paper presents a discussion on sizing, weight and power of micro autonomous air and ground vehicles. While the air vehicles include both rotor and flapper based design, here the focus is on rotor based designs. The paper presents modeling methodologies for initial sizing of these vehicles and a survey of small COTS batteries. Some results from initial iterations on sizing vehicles and payloads are also presented. For air-vehicles, several factors have been identified in the sizing process, which can be adjusted in the search for a feasible design. These factors include the rotor figure of merit, the motor efficiency, and the battery specific energy. For ground vehicles, due to limited experimental data, three different ways for preliminary estimation of power requirements as a function of vehicle mass have been explored here. The sizing methodologies marry theoretical foundations with empirical observations and estimations.
C1 [Mukherjee, Rudranarayan; Matthies, Larry] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Matthies, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM lhm@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76790X
DI 10.1117/12.852633
PG 15
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300028
ER
PT S
AU Son, KA
Liao, A
Lung, G
Gallegos, M
Hatake, T
Harris, RD
Scheick, LZ
Smythe, WD
AF Son, Kyung-ah
Liao, Anna
Lung, Gerald
Gallegos, Manuel
Hatake, Toshiro
Harris, Richard D.
Scheick, Leif Z.
Smythe, William D.
BE George, T
Islam, MS
Dutta, AK
TI GaN-based High Temperature and Radiation-Hard Electronics for Harsh
Environments
SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications II
CY APR 05-09, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE AlGaN/GaN; MOS transistor; Schottky-free; high temperature;
radiation-hard
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE;
ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; DEPENDENCE; DC; DEVICES
AB We develop novel GaN-based high temperature and radiation-hard electronics to realize data acquisition electronics and transmitters suitable for operations in harsh planetary environments. In this paper, we discuss our research on AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors that are targeted for 500 degrees C operation and >2 Mrad radiation hardness. For the target device performance, we develop Schottky-free AlGaN/GaN MOS transistors, where a gate electrode is processed in a MOS layout using an Al(2)O(3) gate dielectric layer. The AlGaN/GaN MOS transistors fabricated with the wide-bandgap gate oxide layer enable Schottky-free gate electrodes, resulting in a much reduced gate leakage current and an improved sub-threshold current than the current AlGaN/GaN field effect transistors. In this study, characterization of our AlGaN/GaN MOS transistors is carried out over the temperature range of 25 degrees C to 500 degrees C. The I(ds)-V(gs) and I(ds)-V(ds) curves measured as a function of temperature show an excellent pinch-off behavior up to 450 degrees C. Off-state degradation is not observed up to 400 degrees C, but it becomes measurable at 450 degrees C. The off-state current is increased at 500 degrees C due to the gate leakage current, and the AlGaN/GaN MOS HEMT does not get pinched-off completely. Radiation hardness testing of the AlGaN/GaN MOS transistors is performed using a 50 MeV (60)Co gamma source to explore effects of TID (total ion dose). Excellent I(ds)-V(gs) and I(ds)-V(ds) characteristics are measured even after exposures to a TID of 2Mrad. A slight decrease of saturation current (Delta I(dss)similar to 3 mA/mm) is observed due to the 2Mrad irradiation.
C1 [Son, Kyung-ah; Liao, Anna; Lung, Gerald; Gallegos, Manuel; Hatake, Toshiro; Harris, Richard D.; Scheick, Leif Z.; Smythe, William D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Son, KA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM kson@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8143-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7679
AR 76790U
DI 10.1117/12.852711
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSS26
UT WOS:000285623300025
ER
PT J
AU Rastogi, G
Osman, S
Vaishampayan, PA
Andersen, GL
Stetler, LD
Sani, RK
AF Rastogi, Gurdeep
Osman, Shariff
Vaishampayan, Parag A.
Andersen, Gary L.
Stetler, Larry D.
Sani, Rajesh K.
TI Microbial Diversity in Uranium Mining-Impacted Soils as Revealed by
High-Density 16S Microarray and Clone Library
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTAMINATED SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER;
RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MILL TAILINGS; SOUTH-DAKOTA; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MINE
TAILINGS; REDUCTION; WASTE; BIOREMEDIATION
AB Microbial diversity was characterized in mining-impacted soils collected from two abandoned uranium mine sites, the Edgemont and the North Cave Hills, South Dakota, using a high-density 16S microarray (PhyloChip) and clone libraries. Characterization of the elemental compositions of soils by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy revealed higher metal contamination including uranium at the Edgemont than at the North Cave Hills mine site. Microarray data demonstrated extensive phylogenetic diversity in soils and confirmed nearly all clone-detected taxonomic levels. Additionally, the microarray exhibited greater diversity than clone libraries at each taxonomic level at both the mine sites. Interestingly, the PhyloChip detected the largest number of taxa in Proteobacteria phylum for both the mine sites. However, clone libraries detected Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the most numerically abundant phyla in the Edgemont and North Cave Hills mine sites, respectively. Several 16S rDNA signatures found in both the microarrays and clone libraries displayed sequence similarities with yet-uncultured bacteria representing a hitherto unidentified diversity. Results from this study demonstrated that highly diverse microbial populations were present in these uranium mine sites. Diversity indices indicated that microbial communities at the North Cave Hills mine site were much more diverse than those at the Edgemont mine site.
C1 [Rastogi, Gurdeep; Sani, Rajesh K.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
[Osman, Shariff; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Vaishampayan, Parag A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Stetler, Larry D.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
RP Sani, RK (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
EM Rajesh.Sani@sdsmt.edu
RI Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827
FU US Geological Survey [3F3482]; National Science Foundation [EAR-0742597,
EEC-0502310]; Environmental Remediation Sciences Program (ERSP); US
Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07-ER-64366, G125-08-W1577]
FX The authors Gurdeep Rastogi and Rajesh Sani acknowledge the support
provided by the US Geological Survey (subaward number 3F3482) and
National Science Foundation (grant numbers EAR-0742597 and EEC-0502310).
In addition, funding through the South Dakota Governor's 2010 seed grant
program is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the
financial support provided by the Environmental Remediation Sciences
Program (ERSP) within the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, US Department of Energy (grant number DE-FG02-07-ER-64366 with
subaward number G125-08-W1577). The authors thank Nicole Keegan for
assisting in the sequencing of clones. The authors are grateful to Todd
Z. DeSantis for useful discussion on using resources available through
the Greengenes website (http://greengenes.lbl.gov/). We also would like
to thank the anonymous reviewers whose critiques were instrumental in
improving the quality of our manuscript.
NR 54
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 59
IS 1
BP 94
EP 108
DI 10.1007/s00248-009-9598-5
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 544UO
UT WOS:000273685000009
PM 19888627
ER
PT S
AU Chang, WY
Chow, ET
AF Chang, William Y.
Chow, Edward T.
GP IEEE
TI An Extensible Markup Language for Effective System and Service
Federation
SO MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, 2010 (MILCOM 2010)
SE IEEE Military Communications Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MILCOM Military Communications Conference
CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
DE Policy-Based Management; Policy Negotiation; Extensible Markup Language;
Cloud Computing; Cyber Security
AB In defense applications, a Federation of Systems (FoS) is an autonomous environment where systems are managed without central authority and direction. In the case of Web applications, federated services means services from different providers are aggregated with the same business objectives as part of a value chain relationship. Managing such a dynamic environment requires an infrastructure-level coordination capability where policy and guidance of the joint objectives can be seamlessly exchanged and agreed on.
Invented to support the US Department of Defense (DoD) Test & Evaluation (T&E) network mission operations, a set of computer-readable infrastructure descriptions, called Integration Markup Language (IML), was created by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to automate infrastructure management between federated partners. This paper describes the applications of IML as part of the Policy-Based Adaptive Network and Security Management (PAM)(1) project for the DoD T&E program and DoD/NASA Mission Command and Control. It provides a detailed illustration of how the language is used to assist partner systems to exchange policies without having to expose their internal applications and network infrastructures. An advantage of this feature eliminates the need to modify exiting systems, thus improving the efficiency of adoptability.
This paper provides practical samples of the language schema and instruction of how to convert the enterprise network or application configuration into IML descriptions. This paper concludes by explaining how the IML can assist cross-provider collaboration of cloud-computing services as well as the applications of using IML to enhance cyber security.
C1 [Chang, William Y.] Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, Def & Cyber Commun, Irvine, CA 92612 USA.
[Chow, Edward T.] NASA, CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Chang, WY (reprint author), Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, Def & Cyber Commun, Irvine, CA 92612 USA.
FU Test Resource Management Center (TRMC) Test and Evaluation/Science and
Technology (TE/ST) Program; U.S. Department of Defense, TRMC, T&E/S&T
Program under NASA [NAS7-03001, 81-12346]
FX The authors would like to thank the Test Resource Management Center
(TRMC) Test and Evaluation/Science and Technology (T&E/S&T) Program for
their support. The research described in this paper was carried out at
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology and
was funded in part by the U.S. Department of Defense, TRMC, T&E/S&T
Program under NASA prime contract NAS7-03001, Task Plan Number 81-12346.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2155-7578
BN 978-1-4244-8180-4
J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C
PY 2010
BP 423
EP 428
DI 10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680348
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTQ21
UT WOS:000287747200157
ER
PT S
AU Valles, EL
Wesel, RD
Villasenor, JD
Jones, CR
Simon, M
AF Valles, Esteban L.
Wesel, Richard D.
Villasenor, John D.
Jones, Christopher R.
Simon, Marvin
GP IEEE
TI Pilotless Carrier Phase-Synchronization via LDPC Code Feedback
SO MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, 2010 (MILCOM 2010)
SE IEEE Military Communications Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MILCOM Military Communications Conference
CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID RECOVERY; CHANNEL
AB This paper addresses the carrier-phase estimation problem under the low SNR conditions often encountered in turbo and LDPC-coded applications. In [1] a decision-directed carrier synchronization (DDCS) circuit that uses soft information from an iterative LDPC decoder was presented for BPSK and QPSK constellations with constant phase offsets. In this work, we present a method that is able to handle arbitrary constellations with a random-walk phase noise process. Loop SNR equations are derived and the performance for different constellations is shown. An extension of the DDCS algorithm is described that uses a search and tracking method based on measuring the number of satisfied LDPC constraint-node equations equations at the decoder and is able to track arbitrary carrier phase.
C1 [Valles, Esteban L.; Wesel, Richard D.; Villasenor, John D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Jones, Christopher R.; Simon, Marvin] Jet Propul Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Valles, EL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
EM evalles@ee.ucla.edu; wesel@ee.ucla.edu; villa@ee.ucla.edu;
christop@jpl.nasa.gov; msimon@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2155-7578
BN 978-1-4244-8180-4
J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C
PY 2010
BP 2068
EP 2073
DI 10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680463
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTQ21
UT WOS:000287747200183
ER
PT S
AU Hossain, MS
Atiquzzaman, M
Ivancic, W
AF Hossain, Md. Shohrab
Atiquzzaman, Mohammed
Ivancic, William
GP IEEE
TI Cost Analysis of Mobility Entities of Hierarchical Mobile IPv6
SO MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, 2010 (MILCOM 2010)
SE IEEE Military Communications Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MILCOM Military Communications Conference
CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
DE Mobility Protocols; Analytical Modeling; Signaling cost; Mobile IPv6
ID PERFORMANCE
AB IETF proposed Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) to support host mobility and mobility management involves signaling costs at various mobility entities of the network. Widespread use of IP-enabled mobile devices have resulted in increase in number of mobile users and the signaling cost on underlying mobility entities have increased significantly, which will result in their performance degradation. However, there has been no comprehensive cost analysis of mobility protocol entities that considers all possible costs. In this paper, we have developed analytical models to estimate total costs of key mobility management entities of HMIPv6. We have presented numerical results to demonstrate the impact of network size, mobility rate, traffic rate and data volume on these costs and the percentage overhead on the mobility entities. Our results show that a significant amount of resources are required by the mobility entities for transmission, processing of various signaling messages, as well as searching location database. Our cost analysis will thus be helpful for military applications in estimating actual resource requirements for on-board IP-enabled devices in military vans, tanks, helicopters that require mobility management especially while in operation.
C1 [Hossain, Md. Shohrab; Atiquzzaman, Mohammed] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ivancic, William] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Hossain, MS (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM shohrab@ou.edu; atiq@ou.edu; wivancic@grc.nasa.gov
FU NASA [NNX06AE44G]
FX The research work reported in this paper was supported by NASA Grant
NNX06AE44G.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2155-7578
BN 978-1-4244-8180-4
J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C
PY 2010
BP 2280
EP 2285
DI 10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680372
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTQ21
UT WOS:000287747200075
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, MR
Byrne, DC
Ohin, DW
Murphy, WJ
Chandler, DW
Davis, RR
Allen, JR
Danielson, RW
AF Stephenson, Mark R.
Byrne, David C.
Ohin, Douglas W.
Murphy, William J.
Chandler, David W.
Davis, Rickie R.
Allen, John R.
Danielson, Richard W.
TI Perspectives on "Efficacy of the US Army Policy on Hearing Conservation
Programs"
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Stephenson, Mark R.; Murphy, William J.; Davis, Rickie R.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
[Ohin, Douglas W.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bel Air, MD 21014 USA.
[Chandler, David W.] Dept Vet Affairs, Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20420 USA.
[Allen, John R.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Danielson, Richard W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Stephenson, MR (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RI Davis, Rickie/A-3186-2008
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 175
IS 1
BP XII
EP XVI
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 582GN
UT WOS:000276584800004
PM 20108834
ER
PT S
AU Benford, DJ
Chuss, DT
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Jethava, NS
Jhabvala, CA
Kogut, AJ
Miller, TM
Mirel, P
Moseley, SH
Rostem, K
Sharp, EH
Staguhn, JG
Stiehl, GM
Voellmer, GM
Wollack, EJ
AF Benford, Dominic J.
Chuss, David T.
Hilton, Gene C.
Irwin, Kent D.
Jethava, Nikhil S.
Jhabvala, Christine A.
Kogut, Alan J.
Miller, Timothy M.
Mirel, Paul
Moseley, S. Harvey
Rostem, Karwan
Sharp, Elmer H.
Staguhn, Johannes G.
Stiehl, Gregory M.
Voellmer, George M.
Wollack, Edward J.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI 5,120 Superconducting Bolometers for the PIPER Balloon-Borne CMB
Polarization Experiment
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE cosmic microwave background polarization; superconducting transition
edge sensor bolometer; SQUID
ID FAR-INFRARED ASTRONOMY; READOUT; ARRAYS; MULTIPLEXERS; BACKSHORT
AB We are constructing the Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER) to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and search for the imprint of gravity waves produced during an inflationary epoch in the early universe. The signal is faint and lies behind confusing foregrounds, both astrophysical and cosmological, and so many detectors are required to complete the measurement in a limited time. We will use four of our matured 1,280 pixel, high-filling-factor backshort-under-grid bolometer arrays for efficient operation at the PIPER CMB wavelengths. All four arrays observe at a common wavelength set by passband filters in the optical path. PIPER will fly four times to observe at wavelengths of 1500, 1100, 850, and 500 mu m in order to separate CMB from foreground emission. The arrays employ leg-isolated superconducting transition edge sensor bolometers operated at 128 mK; tuned resonant backshorts for efficient optical coupling; and a second-generation superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) multiplexer readout. We describe the design, development, and performance of PIPER bolometer array technology to achieve background-limited sensitivity for a cryogenic balloon-borne telescope.
C1 [Benford, Dominic J.; Chuss, David T.; Jethava, Nikhil S.; Jhabvala, Christine A.; Kogut, Alan J.; Miller, Timothy M.; Mirel, Paul; Moseley, S. Harvey; Rostem, Karwan; Sharp, Elmer H.; Staguhn, Johannes G.; Voellmer, George M.; Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Benford, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Dominic.Benford@nasa.gov
RI Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012; Chuss, David/D-8281-2012; Wollack,
Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206; Wollack,
Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77411Q
DI 10.1117/12.856491
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800049
ER
PT S
AU Beyer, AD
Kenyon, ME
Echternach, PM
Eom, BH
Bueno, J
Day, PK
Bock, JJ
Bradford, CM
AF Beyer, A. D.
Kenyon, M. E.
Echternach, P. M.
Eom, B. -H.
Bueno, J.
Day, P. K.
Bock, J. J.
Bradford, C. M.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Characterizing SixNy absorbers and support beams for
far-infrared/submillimeter transition-edge sensors
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE transition-edge sensor; far-infrared spectrometer; submillimeter
spectrometer; SixNy thermal properties
ID QUANTUM
AB We report on the characterization of SixNy (Si-N) optical absorbers and support beams for transition-edge sensors (TESs). The absorbers and support beams measured are suitable to meet ultra-sensitive noise equivalent power (NEP <= 10-W-19/root Hz) and effective response time (tau) requirements (tau <= 100ms) for space-borne far-infrared(IR)/submillimeter(sub-mm) spectrometers, such as the Background Limited far-Infrared/Sub-mm Spectrograph (BLISS) and the SpicA FAR-infrared Instrument (SAFARI) for the SPace Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA). The thermal response time (tau(0)) of an absorber suspended by support beams from a low-temperature substrate depends on the heat capacity (C) of the absorber and the thermal conductance (G) of the support beams (tau(0)=C/G). In membrane-isolated TESs for BLISS, the effective response time tau is expected to be a factor of 20 smaller than tau(0) because of voltage-biased electrothermal feedback operation and assumption of a reasonable open-loop gain, L-I approximate to 20. We present design specifications for the arrays of membrane-isolated ultra-sensitive TESs for BLISS. Additionally, we measured G and t0 for two Si-N Johnson noise Thermometry Device (JTD) architectures made using different fabrication processes: (1) a solid membrane Si-N absorber suspended by thin and long Si-N support beams and (2) a wire-mesh Si-N absorber suspended by long, and even thinner, Si-N support beams. The measurements of G and t0 were designed to test suitability of the Si-N thermal performance to meet the demands of the two SPICA instruments. The solid membrane JTD architecture is similar to the TES architecture for SAFARI and the mesh membrane JTD is similar to that of BLISS TESs. We report measured values of G and C for several BLISS and SAFARI JTD devices. We observe that the heat capacity of the solid membrane devices can be reduced to the order of 1fJ/K at 65mK for devices that are wet etched by KOH. However, C for these devices is found to be on the order of 100fJ/K for a dry XeF2 process. The heat capacity is similarly large for the mesh devices produced with a dry XeF2 etch.
C1 [Beyer, A. D.; Kenyon, M. E.; Echternach, P. M.; Eom, B. -H.; Bueno, J.; Day, P. K.; Bock, J. J.; Bradford, C. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Beyer, AD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM beyer@caltech.edu
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774121
DI 10.1117/12.857885
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800056
ER
PT S
AU Billot, N
Sauvage, M
Rodriguez, L
Horeau, B
Kiss, C
Aussel, H
Okumura, K
Boulade, O
Altieri, B
Poglitsch, A
Agnese, P
AF Billot, Nicolas
Sauvage, M.
Rodriguez, L.
Horeau, B.
Kiss, C.
Aussel, H.
Okumura, K.
Boulade, O.
Altieri, B.
Poglitsch, A.
Agnese, P.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI CEA Bolometer Arrays: the First Year in Space
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Bolometer arrays; Far Infrared; Cold readout multiplexing; Filled
arrays; Herschel/PACS
ID CAMERA
AB The CEA/LETI and CEA/SAp started the development of far-infrared filled bolometer arrays for space applications over a decade ago. The unique design of these detectors makes possible the assembling of large focal planes comprising thousands of bolometers running at 300 mK with very low power dissipation. Ten arrays of 16x16 pixels were thoroughly tested on the ground, and integrated in the Herschel/PACS instrument before launch in May 2009. These detectors have been successfully commissioned and are now operating in their nominal environment at the second Lagrangian point of the Earth-Sun system. In this paper we briefly explain the functioning of CEA bolometer arrays, and we present the properties of the detectors focusing on their noise characteristics, the effect of cosmic rays on the signal, the repeatability of the measurements, and the stability of the system.
C1 [Billot, Nicolas] CALTECH, NASA, Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Billot, N (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM nbillot@ipac.caltech.edu
OI Altieri, Bruno/0000-0003-3936-0284
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774102
DI 10.1117/12.856449
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800001
ER
PT S
AU Brown, AD
Chuss, DT
Chervenak, JA
Henry, RM
Moseley, SH
Wollack, EJ
AF Brown, Ari D.
Chuss, David T.
Chervenak, James A.
Henry, Ross M.
Moseley, S. Harvey
Wollack, Edward J.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Anti-reflection coatings; far-infrared; sub-millimeter; silicon
quasioptics; resonant absorbers; neutral density filters
ID SILICON; CAMERA
AB We have designed, fabricated, and tested compact radiative control structures, including antireflection coatings and resonant absorbers, for millimeter through submillimeter wave astronomy. The antireflection coatings consist of micro-machined single crystal silicon dielectric sub-wavelength honeycombs. The effective dielectric constant of the structures is set by the honeycomb cell geometry. The resonant absorbers consist of pieces of solid single crystal silicon substrate and thin phosphorus implanted regions whose sheet resistance is tailored to maximize absorption by the structure. We present an implantation model that can be used to predict the ion energy and dose required for obtaining a target implant layer sheet resistance. A neutral density filter, a hybrid of a silicon dielectric honeycomb with an implanted region, has also been fabricated with this basic approach. These radiative control structures are scalable and compatible for use large focal plane detector arrays.
C1 [Brown, Ari D.; Chuss, David T.; Chervenak, James A.; Henry, Ross M.; Moseley, S. Harvey; Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Brown, AD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM ari.d.brown@nasa.gov
RI Chuss, David/D-8281-2012; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77412C
DI 10.1117/12.858174
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800065
ER
PT S
AU Brown, AD
Hsieh, WT
Moseley, SH
Stevenson, TR
U-yen, K
Wollack, EJ
AF Brown, Ari-David
Hsieh, Wen-Ting
Moseley, S. Harvey
Stevenson, Thomas R.
U-yen, Kongpop
Wollack, Edward J.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Fabrication of an Absorber-Coupled MKID Detector and Readout for
Sub-Millimeter and Far-Infrared Astronomy
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE MKID; far-infrared; microwave; cryogenic detectors; absorber coupled
AB We have fabricated absorber-coupled microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) arrays for sub-millimeter and far-infrared astronomy. These sensors are comprised of arrays of lambda/2 stepped microwave impedance resonators patterned on a 1.5 mu m thick silicon membrane, which are optimized for optical coupling. The detector elements are supported on a 380 mu m thick micro-machined silicon wafer. The resonators consist of parallel plate aluminum transmission lines coupled to low impedance Nb microstrip traces of variable length, which set the resonant frequency of each resonator. This allows for multiplexed microwave readout and, consequently, good spatial discrimination between pixels in the array. The Al transmission lines simultaneously act to absorb optical power and by employing an appropriate surface impedance and effective filling fraction. Our novel fabrication techniques demonstrate high fabrication yield of MKID arrays on large single crystal membranes and sub-micron front-to-back alignment of the microstrip circuit.
C1 [Brown, Ari-David; Hsieh, Wen-Ting; Moseley, S. Harvey; Stevenson, Thomas R.; U-yen, Kongpop; Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Brown, AD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM ari.d.brown@nasa.gov
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77410P
DI 10.1117/12.857281
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800017
ER
PT S
AU Chuss, DT
Ade, PAR
Benford, DJ
Bennett, CL
Dotson, JL
Eimer, JR
Fixsen, DJ
Halpern, M
Hilton, G
Hinderks, J
Hinshaw, G
Irwin, K
Jackson, ML
Jah, MA
Jethava, N
Jhabvala, C
Kogut, AJ
Lowe, L
McCullagh, N
Miller, T
Mirel, P
Moseley, SH
Rodriguez, S
Rostem, K
Sharp, E
Staguhn, JG
Tucker, CE
Voellmer, GM
Wollack, EJ
Zeng, LZ
AF Chuss, David T.
Ade, Peter A. R.
Benford, Dominic J.
Bennett, Charles L.
Dotson, Jessie L.
Eimer, Joseph R.
Fixsen, Dale J.
Halpern, Mark
Hilton, Gene
Hinderks, James
Hinshaw, Gary
Irwin, Kent
Jackson, Michael L.
Jah, Muzariatu A.
Jethava, Nikhil
Jhabvala, Christine
Kogut, Alan J.
Lowe, Luke
McCullagh, Nuala
Miller, Timothy
Mirel, Paul
Moseley, S. Harvey
Rodriguez, Samelys
Rostem, Karwan
Sharp, Elmer
Staguhn, Johannes G.
Tucker, Carole E.
Voellmer, George M.
Wollack, Edward J.
Zeng, Lingzhen
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI The Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER)
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Cosmic Microwave Background; Polarimetry
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; POWER
SPECTRA; TEMPERATURE; POLARIMETER; DETECTORS; QUAD
AB The Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER) is a balloon-borne instrument designed to search for the faint signature of inflation in the polarized component of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Each flight will be configured for a single frequency, but in order to aid in the removal of the polarized foreground signal due to Galactic dust, the filters will be changed between flights. In this way, the CMB polarization at a total of four different frequencies (200, 270, 350, and 600 GHz) will be measured on large angular scales. PIPER consists of a pair of cryogenic telescopes, one for measuring each of Stokes Q and U in the instrument frame. Each telescope receives both linear orthogonal polarizations in two 32 x 40 element planar arrays that utilize Transition-Edge Sensors (TES). The first element in each telescope is a variable-delay polarization modulator (VPM) that fully modulates the linear Stokes parameter to which the telescope is sensitive. There are several advantages to this architecture. First, by modulating at the front of the optics, instrumental polarization is unmodulated and is therefore cleanly separated from source polarization. Second, by implementing this system with the appropriate symmetry, systematic effects can be further mitigated. In the PIPER design, many of the systematics are manifest in the unmeasured linear Stokes parameter for each telescope and thus can be separated from the desired signal. Finally, the modulation cycle never mixes the Q and U linear Stokes parameters, and thus residuals in the modulation do not twist the observed polarization vector. This is advantageous because measuring the angle of linear polarization is critical for separating the inflationary signal from other polarized components.
C1 [Chuss, David T.; Benford, Dominic J.; Fixsen, Dale J.; Hinderks, James; Hinshaw, Gary; Jackson, Michael L.; Jah, Muzariatu A.; Jethava, Nikhil; Jhabvala, Christine; Kogut, Alan J.; Lowe, Luke; Miller, Timothy; Mirel, Paul; Moseley, S. Harvey; Rodriguez, Samelys; Rostem, Karwan; Sharp, Elmer; Staguhn, Johannes G.; Voellmer, George M.; Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observ Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Chuss, DT (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observ Cosmol Lab, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM David.T.Chuss@nasa.gov
RI Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012; Chuss, David/D-8281-2012; Wollack,
Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206; Wollack,
Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77411P
DI 10.1117/12.857119
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800048
ER
PT S
AU Jethava, N
Chervenak, J
Brown, AD
Benford, D
Kletetschka, G
Mikula, V
U-Yen, K
AF Jethava, Nikhil
Chervenak, James
Brown, Ari-David
Benford, Dominic
Kletetschka, Gunther
Mikula, Vilem
U-yen, Kongpop
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Development of superconducting transition edge sensors based on
electron-phonon decoupling
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Bolometer; Thermal Conductance; Electron-Phonon decoupling; Transition
Edge Sensors
ID ELECTROTHERMAL FEEDBACK; BOLOMETERS
AB We have successfully fabricated a superconducting transition edge sensor (TES), bolometer that centers on the use of electron-phonon decoupling (EPD) for thermal isolation. We have selected a design approach that separates the two functions of far-infrared and THz radiative power absorption and temperature measurement, allowing separate optimization of the performance of each element. We have integrated molybdenum/gold (Mo/Au) bilayer TES and ion assisted thermally evaporated (IAE) bismuth (Bi) films as radiation absorber coupled to a low-loss microstripline from niobium (Nb) ground plane to a twin-slot antenna structure. The thermal conductance (G) and the time constant for the different geometry device have been measured. For one such device, the measured G is 1.16x10(-10) W/K (+/- 0.61x10(-10) W/K) at 60 mK, which corresponds to noise equivalent power (NEP) = 1.65x10(-18)W/root Hz and time constant of similar to 5 mu s.
C1 [Jethava, Nikhil; Chervenak, James; Brown, Ari-David; Benford, Dominic; Kletetschka, Gunther; Mikula, Vilem; U-yen, Kongpop] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Jethava, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Kletetschka, Gunther/C-9996-2011; Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012
OI Kletetschka, Gunther/0000-0002-0645-9037; Benford,
Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774120
DI 10.1117/12.856450
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800055
ER
PT S
AU Karasik, BS
Pereverzev, SV
Olaya, D
Gershenson, ME
Cantor, R
Kawamura, JH
Day, PK
Bumble, B
Leduc, HG
Monacos, SP
Harding, DG
Santavicca, D
Carter, F
Prober, DE
AF Karasik, Boris S.
Pereverzev, Sergey V.
Olaya, David
Gershenson, Michael E.
Cantor, Robin
Kawamura, Jonathan H.
Day, Peter K.
Bumble, Bruce
LeDuc, Henry G.
Monacos, Steve P.
Harding, Dennis G.
Santavicca, Daniel
Carter, Faustin
Prober, Daniel E.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Development of the nano-HEB array for low-background far-IR applications
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE hot-electron; nanobolometer; single-photon; MSQUID; FIR detector;
antenna-coupled
ID HOT-ELECTRON NANOBOLOMETERS; ASTROPHYSICS; NOISE; SAFIR; THZ
AB We present an overview of the recent progress made in the development of a far-IR array of ultrasensitive hot-electron nanobolometers (nano-HEB) made from thin titanium (Ti) films. We studied electrical noise, signal and noise bandwidth, single-photon detection, optical noise equivalent power (NEP), and a microwave SQUID (MSQUID) based frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) scheme. The obtained results demonstrate the very low electrical NEP down to 1.5x10(-20) W/Hz(1/2) at 50 mK determined by the dominating phonon noise. The NEP increases with temperature as similar to T-3 reaching similar to 10(-17) W/Hz(1/2) at the device critical temperature T-C = 330-360 mK. Optical NEP = 8.6x10(-18) W/Hz(1/2) at 357 mK and 1.4x10(-18) W/Hz(1/2) at 100 mK respectively, agree with thermal and electrical data. The optical coupling efficiency provided by a planar antenna was greater than 50%. Single 8-mu m photons have been detected for the first time using a nano-HEB operating at 50-200 mK thus demonstrating a potential of these detectors for future photon-counting applications in mid-IR and far-IR. In order to accommodate the relatively high detector speed (similar to mu s at 300 mK, similar to 100 mu s at 100 mK), an MSQUID based FDM multiplexed readout with GHz carrier frequencies has been built. Both the readout noise similar to 2 pA/Hz(1/2) and the bandwidth > 150 kHz are suitable for nano-HEB detectors.
C1 [Karasik, Boris S.; Pereverzev, Sergey V.; Kawamura, Jonathan H.; Day, Peter K.; Bumble, Bruce; LeDuc, Henry G.; Monacos, Steve P.; Harding, Dennis G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Karasik, BS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM boris.s.karasik@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774119
DI 10.1117/12.856682
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800034
ER
PT S
AU Kinzer, RE
Rinehart, S
Benford, D
Dwek, E
Henry, R
Nuth, J
Silverberg, R
Wheeler, C
Wollack, E
AF Kinzer, R. E., Jr.
Rinehart, S.
Benford, D.
Dwek, E.
Henry, R.
Nuth, J.
Silverberg, R.
Wheeler, C.
Wollack, E.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Optical properties of astronomical silicates with infrared techniques
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Laboratory Astrophysics; Dust; Silicates
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; DUST; CONDENSATION; TRANSMISSION; CONSTRAINTS;
IRRADIATION; EXTINCTION; ABSORPTION; OLIVINE; ANALOGS
AB Astronomical dust is observed in a variety of astrophysical environments and plays an important role in radiative processes and chemical evolution in the galaxy. Depending upon the environment, dust can be either carbon-rich or oxygen-rich (silicate grains). Both astronomical observations and ground-based data show that the optical properties of silicates can change dramatically with the crystallinity of the material, and recent laboratory research provides evidence that the optical properties of silicate dust vary as a function of temperature as well. Therefore, correct interpretation of a vast array of astronomical data relies on the understanding of the properties of silicate dust as functions of wavelength, temperature, and crystallinity. The OPASI-T (Optical Properties of Astronomical Silicates with Infrared Techniques) project addresses the need for high quality optical characterization of metal-enriched silicate condensates using a variety of techniques. A combination of both new and established experiments are used to measure the extinction, reflection, and emission properties of amorphous silicates across the infrared (near infrared to millimeter wavelengths), providing a comprehensive data set characterizing the optical parameters of dust samples. We present room temperature measurements and the experimental apparatus to be used to investigate and characterize additional metal-silicate materials.
C1 [Kinzer, R. E., Jr.; Rinehart, S.; Benford, D.; Dwek, E.; Henry, R.; Nuth, J.; Silverberg, R.; Wollack, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rinehart, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Stephen.A.Rinehart@nasa.gov
RI Dwek, Eli/C-3995-2012; Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012; Nuth,
Joseph/E-7085-2012; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206; Wollack,
Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774128
DI 10.1117/12.857569
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800062
ER
PT S
AU Mehdi, I
Thomas, B
Lin, R
Maestrini, A
Ward, J
Schlecht, E
Gill, J
Lee, C
Chattopadhyay, G
Maiwald, F
AF Mehdi, Imran
Thomas, Bertrand
Lin, Robert
Maestrini, Alain
Ward, John
Schlecht, Erich
Gill, John
Lee, Choonsup
Chattopadhyay, Goutam
Maiwald, Frank
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI High Power Local Oscillator Sources for 1-2 THz
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Schottky diodes; frequency multipliers; local oscillators; heterodyne
receivers
AB Recent results from the Heterodyne Instrument for Far-Infrared (HIFI) on the Herschel Space Telescope have confirmed the usefulness of high resolution spectroscopic data for a better understanding of our Universe. This paper will explore the current status of tunable local oscillator sources beyond HIFI and provide demonstration of how power combining of GaAs Schottky diodes can be used to increase both power and upper operating frequency for heterodyne receivers. Availability of power levels greater than 1 watt in the W-band now makes it possible to design a 1900 GHz source with more than 100 microwatts of expected output power.
C1 [Mehdi, Imran; Thomas, Bertrand; Lin, Robert; Schlecht, Erich; Gill, John; Lee, Choonsup; Chattopadhyay, Goutam; Maiwald, Frank] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Mehdi, I (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM imran.mehdi@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 774112
DI 10.1117/12.857790
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800030
ER
PT S
AU Sayers, J
Czakon, NG
Day, PK
Downes, TP
Duan, RP
Gao, JS
Glenn, J
Golwala, SR
Hollister, MI
Leduc, HG
Mazin, BA
Maloney, PR
Noroozian, O
Nguyen, HT
Schlaerth, JA
Siegel, S
Vaillancourt, JE
Vayonakis, A
Wilson, PR
Zmuidzinas, J
AF Sayers, Jack
Czakon, Nicole G.
Day, Peter K.
Downes, Thomas P.
Duan, Ran P.
Gao, Jiansong
Glenn, Jason
Golwala, Sunil R.
Hollister, Matt I.
LeDuc, Henry G.
Mazin, Benjamin A.
Maloney, Philip R.
Noroozian, Omid
Nguyen, Hien T.
Schlaerth, James A.
Siegel, Seth
Vaillancourt, John E.
Vayonakis, Anastasios
Wilson, Philip R.
Zmuidzinas, Jonas
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Optics for MUSIC: a New (Sub)millimeter Camera for the Caltech
Submillimeter Observatory
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE MUSIC; MKID; Relay Optics; Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
ID INFRARED DETECTORS; BOLOCAM; ARRAYS
AB We will present the design and implementation, along with calculations and some measurements of the performance, of the room-temperature and cryogenic optics for MUSIC, a new (sub) millimeter camera we are developing for the Caltech Submm Observatory (CSO). The design consists of two focusing elements in addition to the CSO primary and secondary mirrors: a warm off-axis elliptical mirror and a cryogenic (4K) lens. These optics will provide a 14 arcmin field of view that is diffraction limited in all four of the MUSIC observing bands (2.00, 1.33, 1.02, and 0.86 mm). A cold (4K) Lyot stop will be used to define the primary mirror illumination, which will be maximized while keeping spillover at the sub 1% level. The MUSIC focal plane will be populated with broadband phased antenna arrays that efficiently couple to factor of similar or equal to 3 in bandwidth,(1,) (2) and each pixel on the focal plane will be read out via a set of four lumped element filters that define the MUSIC observing bands (i.e., each pixel on the focal plane simultaneously observes in all four bands). Finally, a series of dielectric and metal-mesh low pass filters have been implemented to reduce the optical power load on the MUSIC cryogenic stages to a quasi-negligible level while maintaining good transmission in-band.
C1 [Sayers, Jack; Day, Peter K.; LeDuc, Henry G.; Nguyen, Hien T.; Wilson, Philip R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Sayers, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM jack@caltech.edu.edu
RI Mazin, Ben/B-8704-2011; Noroozian, Omid/G-3519-2011;
OI Mazin, Ben/0000-0003-0526-1114; Noroozian, Omid/0000-0002-9904-1704;
Vaillancourt, John/0000-0001-8916-1828
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77410W
DI 10.1117/12.857324
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800024
ER
PT S
AU Serabyn, E
Wallace, JK
AF Serabyn, E.
Wallace, J. K.
BE Holland, WS
Zmuidzinas, J
TI Submillimeter Pupil-Plane Wavefront Sensing
SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND
INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and
Instrumentation for Astronomy V
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE submillimeter; wavefront sensing; holography
ID POINT-DIFFRACTION INTERFEROMETER
AB The goal of a large (25 m) submillimeter telescope with high aperture efficiencies up to frequencies of similar to 1 THz requires a wavefront sensor able to measure the telescope surface figure to an accuracy of order 1 micron, better than has been achieved to date in the millimeter/submillimeter (MSM) regime. On the other hand, the recent availability of large-format submillimeter detector arrays suggests that new techniques can be applied. In particular, using submillimeter focal plane arrays, variants of interferometric pupil-plane wavefront sensing techniques familiar from the optical/infrared (OIR) regime could perhaps be applied profitably in the MSM. However, while many possibilities can in principle be considered, many of these possibilities would be unwieldy in the MSM, because of the need for large off-axis reflective optical elements, and the consequent sizeable optical layout. However, the overall size of an interferometer can be minimized by making use of a common-path interferometer. Here we thus consider the applicability to MSM wavefront sensing of a rather simple common-path pupil-plane interferometer, specifically a scanning version of the fixed-phase phase-contrast interferometers described in different contexts by Zernicke(1) and Dicke(2). Both transmissive and reflective solutions for the needed phase shifting interferometers are possible, but here we focus on the reflective case as a proof of principle. Such a common-path phase-shifting interferometer has several potential advantages: relative simplicity, compactness, ease of manufacturability, reduced systematic effects, and high accuracy.
C1 [Serabyn, E.; Wallace, J. K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Serabyn, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM gene.serabyn@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-231-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7741
AR 77410U
DI 10.1117/12.857675
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU83
UT WOS:000285838800022
ER
PT B
AU Chao, DF
Mcquillen, JB
Sankovic, JM
Zhang, NL
AF Chao, David F.
Mcquillen, J. B.
Sankovic, J. M.
Zhang, Nengli
GP ASME
TI Catastrophe Optics Method to Determine the Micro-nano Size Profiles at
TPL of Liquid Films on a Solid Surface
SO MNHMT2009, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer International Conference
CY DEC 18-21, 2009
CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP ASME Nanotech Inst
DE Crossover region; Inflexion line; liquid edge foot; Catastrophe optics;
Caustic and diffraction
ID PRECURSOR FILM; DROPS
AB As discovered by recent studies, the wetting and spreading is directly affected by the curvature in the micro-region rather than the macroscopic contact angle. Consequently, measuring the liquid profile in the micro-region becomes an important research topic. Recently, catastrophe optics has been applied to these measurements. Optical catastrophe occurring in far field of waves of liquid-refracted laser beam yields a wealth of information about the liquid spreading not only for liquid drops but also for films. When a parallel laser beam passes through a liquid film on a slide glass at the three-phase-line (TPL), very interesting optical image patterns occur on a screen far from the film. An analysis based on catastrophe optics discloses and interprets the formation of these optical image patterns. The analysis reveals that the caustic line manifested as the bright-thick line on the screen implies the lowest hierarchy of optical catastrophes, called fold caustic. This optical catastrophe is produced by the inflexion line on the liquid surface at the liquid foot, which is formed not only in the spreading of drops but also in spreading of films. The generalized catastrophe optics method enables the identification of the edge profiles and determine the edge foot height of liquid films.
C1 [Chao, David F.; Mcquillen, J. B.; Sankovic, J. M.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Zhang, NL (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH USA.
EM nenglizhang@grc.nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4390-1
PY 2010
BP 443
EP 449
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BRH70
UT WOS:000282724400063
ER
PT S
AU Bryson, ST
Jenkins, JM
Peters, DJ
Tenenbaum, PP
Klaus, TC
Gunter, JP
Cote, MT
Caldwell, DA
AF Bryson, Stephen T.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Peters, Dan J.
Tenenbaum, Peter P.
Klaus, Todd C.
Gunter, Jay P.
Cote, Miles T.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI The Kepler end-to-end model: creating high-fidelity simulations to test
Kepler ground processing
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; pixel simulation
ID STARS; PERFORMANCE; SCIENCE
AB The Kepler mission is designed to detect the transit of Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars by observing 100,000 stellar targets. Developing and testing the Kepler ground-segment processing system, in particular the data analysis pipeline, requires high-fidelity simulated data. This simulated data is provided by the Kepler End-to-End Model (ETEM). ETEM simulates the astrophysics of planetary transits and other phenomena, properties of the Kepler spacecraft and the format of the downlinked data. Major challenges addressed by ETEM include the rapid production of large amounts of simulated data, extensibility and maintainability.
C1 [Bryson, Stephen T.; Cote, Miles T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
RP Bryson, ST (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
EM Steve.Bryson@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 773808
DI 10.1117/12.857560
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100007
ER
PT S
AU Fanson, J
Livesay, L
Frerking, M
Cooke, B
AF Fanson, James
Livesay, Leslie
Frerking, Margaret
Cooke, Brian
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI Management and systems engineering of the Kepler mission
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; spacecraft; exoplanet; transit; telescope; management; systems
engineering
AB Kepler is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) first mission capable of detecting Earth-size planets orbiting in the habitable zones around stars other than the sun. Selected for implementation in 2001 and launched in 2009, Kepler seeks to determine whether Earth-like planets are common or rare in the galaxy. The investigation requires a large, space-based photometer capable of simultaneously measuring the brightnesses of 100,000 stars at part-per-million level of precision. This paper traces the development of the mission from the perspective of project management and systems engineering and describes various methodologies and tools that were found to be effective. The experience of the Kepler development is used to illuminate lessons that can be applied to future missions.
C1 [Fanson, James; Livesay, Leslie; Frerking, Margaret; Cooke, Brian] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Fanson, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM James.L.Fanson@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380N
DI 10.1117/12.859727
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100019
ER
PT S
AU Harp, DI
Liebe, CC
Craig, W
Harrison, F
Kruse-Madsen, K
Zoglauer, A
AF Harp, D. Isaiah
Liebe, Carl Christian
Craig, William
Harrison, Fiona
Kruse-Madsen, Kristin
Zoglauer, Andreas
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI NuSTAR: System engineering and modeling challenges in pointing
reconstruction for a deployable X-ray telescope
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is a NASA Small Explorer mission that will make the first sensitive images of the sky in the high energy X-ray band (6 - 80 keV). The NuSTAR observatory consists of two co-aligned grazing incidence hard X-ray telescopes with a similar to 10 meter focal length, achieved by the on-orbit extension of a deployable mast.
A principal science objective of the mission is to locate previously unknown high-energy X-ray sources to an accuracy of 10 arcseconds (3-sigma), sufficient to uniquely identify counterparts at other wavelengths. In order to achieve this, a star tracker and laser metrology system are an integral part of the instrument; in conjunction, they will determine the orientation of the optics bench in celestial coordinates and also measure the flexures in the deployable mast as it responds to the varying on-orbit thermal environment, as well as aerodynamic and control torques. The architecture of the NuSTAR system for solving the attitude and aspect problems differs from that of previous X-ray telescopes, which did not require ex post facto reconstruction of the instantaneous observatory alignment on-orbit.
In this paper we describe the NuSTAR instrument metrology system architecture and implementation, focusing on the systems engineering challenges associated with validating the instantaneous transformations between focal plane and celestial coordinates to within the required accuracy. We present a mathematical solution to photon source reconstruction, along with a detailed error budget that relates component errors to science performance. We also describe the architecture of the instrument simulation software being used to validate the end-to-end performance model.
C1 [Harp, D. Isaiah; Liebe, Carl Christian] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Harp, DI (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM daniel.i.harp@jpl.nasa.gov
OI Madsen, Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380Z
DI 10.1117/12.856626
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100030
ER
PT S
AU Irace, W
Cutri, R
Duval, V
Eisenhardt, P
Elwell, J
Greanias, G
Heinrichsen, I
Howard, J
Liu, FC
Royer, D
Wright, EL
AF Irace, William
Cutri, Roc
Duval, Valerie
Eisenhardt, Peter
Elwell, John
Greanias, George
Heinrichsen, Ingolf
Howard, Joan
Liu, Feng-Chuan
Royer, Donald
Wright, Edward L.
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI Managing the development of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
mission
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE management; satellite; infrared; cryogenic; telescope; survey
AB The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), a NASA Medium-Class Explorer (MIDEX) mission, is surveying the entire sky in four bands from 3.4 to 22 microns with a sensitivity hundreds to hundreds of thousands times better than previous all-sky surveys at these wavelengths. The single WISE instrument consists of a 40 cm three-mirror anastigmatic telescope, a two-stage solid hydrogen cryostat, a scan mirror mechanism, and reimaging optics giving 6 '' resolution (full-width-half-maximum). WISE was placed into a Sun-synchronous polar orbit on a Delta II 7320 launch vehicle on December 14, 2009. NASA selected WISE as a MIDEX in 2002 following a rigorous competitive selection process. To gain further confidence in WISE, NASA extended the development period one year with an option to cancel the mission if certain criteria were not met. MIDEX missions are led by the principal investigator who in this case delegated day-today management to the project manager. With a cost cap and relatively short development schedule, it was essential for all WISE partners to work seamlessly together. This was accomplished with an integrated management team representing all key partners and disciplines. The project was developed on budget and on schedule in spite of the need to surmount significant technical challenges. This paper describes our management approach, key challenges and critical decisions made. Results are described from a programmatic, technical and scientific point of view. Lessons learned are offered for projects of this type.
C1 [Irace, William; Duval, Valerie; Eisenhardt, Peter; Greanias, George; Heinrichsen, Ingolf; Liu, Feng-Chuan; Royer, Donald] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Irace, W (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380O
DI 10.1117/12.859774
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100020
ER
PT S
AU Menzel, MT
Bussman, M
Davis, M
Golnik, G
Irish, S
Lawrence, J
Lynch, R
Maghami, P
Markley, L
Mehalick, K
Mosier, G
Muheim, D
Parrish, K
Thomson, S
Geithner, P
Pitman, J
Wehner, J
Arenberg, J
Costanza, B
Anandakrishnan, S
Burt, B
Hejal, R
AF Menzel, Michael T.
Bussman, Marie
Davis, Michael
Golnik, Gary
Irish, Sandra
Lawrence, Jon
Lynch, Richard
Maghami, Peiman
Markley, Landis
Mehalick, Kimberly
Mosier, Gary
Muheim, Danniella
Parrish, Keith
Thomson, Shuan
Geithner, Paul
Pitman, Joe
Wehner, James
Arenberg, Jon
Costanza, Brian
Anandakrishnan, Satya
Burt, Bill
Hejal, Reem
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI Systems Engineering on the James Webb Space Telescope
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Systems Engineering; Space Telescope; JWST; James Webb Space Telescope
AB The James Web Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared-optimized space telescope scheduled for launch in 2014. System-level verification of critical performance requirements will rely on integrated observatory models that predict the wavefront error accurately enough to verify that allocated top-level wavefront error of 150 nm root-mean-squared (rms) through to the wave-front sensor focal plane is met. This paper describes the systems engineering approach used on the JWST through the detailed design phase.
C1 [Menzel, Michael T.; Bussman, Marie; Davis, Michael; Golnik, Gary; Irish, Sandra; Lawrence, Jon; Lynch, Richard; Maghami, Peiman; Markley, Landis; Mehalick, Kimberly; Mosier, Gary; Muheim, Danniella; Parrish, Keith; Thomson, Shuan; Geithner, Paul] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Menzel, MT (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380X
DI 10.1117/12.856914
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100028
ER
PT S
AU Muheim, DM
Menzel, MT
Mosier, G
Howard, JM
Irish, S
Maghami, P
Mehalick, KI
Parrish, KA
Pitman, JT
Thomson, SR
Asuquo, C
Blaurock, CA
Congedo, C
Ha, KQ
Holmes, NC
Liu, FX
McGinnis, MA
Mariconti, S
May, CP
Russell, B
Sanders, JA
Shiri, S
Smith, JS
Skelton, DL
AF Muheim, Danniella M.
Menzel, Michael T.
Mosier, Gary
Howard, Joseph M.
Irish, Sandra
Maghami, Peiman
Mehalick, Kimberly I.
Parrish, Keith A.
Pitman, Joseph T.
Thomson, Shaun R.
Asuquo, Charity
Blaurock, Carl A.
Congedo, Cherie
Ha, Kong Q.
Holmes, Norman C.
Liu, Frank X.
McGinnis, Mark A.
Mariconti, Stephen
May, Christopher P.
Russell, Blair
Sanders, James A.
Shiri, Shahram
Smith, Jeffrey S.
Skelton, Dennis L.
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI An Update on the Role of Systems Modeling in the Design and Verification
of the James Webb Space Telescope
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE infrared; mid-infrared; image quality; analysis; integrated modeling
AB The James Web Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared-optimized space telescope scheduled for launch in 2014. The imaging performance of the telescope will be diffraction limited at 2 mu m, defined as having a Strehl ratio >0.8. System-level verification of critical performance requirements will rely on integrated observatory models that predict the wavefront error accurately enough to verify that allocated top-level wavefront error of 150 nm root-mean-squared (rms) through to the wave-front sensor focal plane is met. Furthermore, responses in several key disciplines are strongly cross-coupled. The size of the lightweight observatory structure, coupled with the need to test at cryogenic temperatures, effectively precludes validation of the models and verification of optical performance with a single test in 1-g. Rather, a complex series of incremental tests and measurements are used to anchor components of the end-to-end models at various levels of subassembly, with the ultimate verification of optical performance is by analysis using the assembled models. The assembled models themselves are complex and require the insight of technical experts to assess their ability to meet their objectives. This paper describes the modeling approach used on the JWST through the detailed design phase.
C1 [Muheim, Danniella M.; Menzel, Michael T.; Mosier, Gary; Howard, Joseph M.; Irish, Sandra; Maghami, Peiman; Mehalick, Kimberly I.; Parrish, Keith A.; Thomson, Shaun R.; Shiri, Shahram; Smith, Jeffrey S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Muheim, DM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM daninella.muheim@nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 773814
DI 10.1117/12.856897
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100035
ER
PT S
AU Nissly, C
Seo, BJ
Troy, M
Angeli, G
Cho, M
Shelton, C
Sigrist, N
Sirota, M
AF Nissly, Carl
Seo, Byoung-Joon
Troy, Mitchell
Angeli, George
Cho, Myung
Shelton, Chris
Sigrist, Norbert
Sirota, Mark
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI Investigation of Thirty Meter Telescope Wavefront Maintenance Using Low
Order Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensors to Correct for Thermally Induced
Misalignments
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Wavefront Sensing and Control; Active Optics; On-Instrument Wavefront
Sensor; Shack-Hartmann; Segmented Mirrors; Optical Modeling; MACOS;
Point Source Sensitivity; Thirty Meter Telescope
AB We evaluate how well the performance of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) can be maintained against thermally induced errors during a night of observation. We first demonstrate that using look-up-table style correction for TMT thermal errors is unlikely to meet the required optical performance specifications. Therefore, we primarily investigate the use of a Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor (SH WFS) to sense and correct the low spatial frequency errors induced by the dynamic thermal environment. Given a basic SH WFS design, we position single or multiple sensors within the telescope field of view and assess telescope performance using the JPL optical ray tracing tool MACOS for wavefront simulation. Performance for each error source, wavefront sensing configuration, and control scheme is evaluated using wavefront error, plate scale, pupil motion, pointing error, and the Point Source Sensitivity (PSSN) as metrics. This study provides insight into optimizing the active optics control methodology for TMT in conjunction with the Alignment and Phasing System (APS) and primary mirror control system (M1CS).
C1 [Nissly, Carl; Seo, Byoung-Joon; Troy, Mitchell; Shelton, Chris; Sigrist, Norbert] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Nissly, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Carl.R.Nissly@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380H
DI 10.1117/12.857849
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100015
ER
PT S
AU Seo, BJ
Nissly, C
Troy, M
Angeli, G
AF Seo, Byoung-Joon
Nissly, Carl
Troy, Mitchell
Angeli, George
BE Angeli, GZ
Dierickx, P
TI Normalized Point Source Sensitivity for Off-Axis Optical Performance
Evaluation of the Thirty Meter Telescope
SO MODELING, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ASTRONOMY IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for
Astronomy IV
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Point Source Sensitivity; Optical Performance Metric; Optical Modeling;
MACOS; Thirty Meter Telescope
AB The Normalized Point Source Sensitivity (PSSN) has previously been defined and analyzed as an On-Axis seeing-limited telescope performance metric. In this paper, we expand the scope of the PSSN definition to include Off-Axis field of view (FoV) points and apply this generalized metric for performance evaluation of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). We first propose various possible choices for the PSSN definition and select one as our baseline. We show that our baseline metric has useful properties including the multiplicative feature even when considering Off-Axis FoV points, which has proven to be useful for optimizing the telescope error budget. Various TMT optical errors are considered for the performance evaluation including segment alignment and phasing, segment surface figures, temperature, and gravity, whose On-Axis PSSN values have previously been published by our group.
C1 [Seo, Byoung-Joon; Nissly, Carl; Troy, Mitchell] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Seo, BJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Byoung-Joon.Seo@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-228-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7738
AR 77380G
DI 10.1117/12.857722
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU55
UT WOS:000285829100014
ER
PT S
AU Shao, X
Fung, SF
Tan, LC
Sharma, AS
AF Shao, X.
Fung, S. F.
Tan, L. C.
Sharma, A. S.
BE Vassiliadis, D
Fung, SF
Shao, X
Daglis, IA
Huba, JD
TI Acceleration of Magnetospheric Relativistic Electrons by Ultra-Low
Frequency Waves: A Comparison between Two Cases Observed by Cluster and
LANL Satellites
SO MODERN CHALLENGES IN NONLINEAR PLASMA PHYSICS: A FESTSCHRIFT HONORING
THE CAREER OF DENNIS PAPADOPOULOS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Challenges in Nonlinear Plasma Physics
CY JUN 15-19, 2009
CL Chalkidiki, GREECE
SP BAE Syst, European Space Agcy Directorate Sci & Robot Explorat, US Naval Res Lab, European Atom Energy Commun, European Phys Soc, ICCS, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Latsis Fdn
DE ULF Waves; Radiation Belt Electrons; Relativistic Electron Acceleration
ID SOLAR-WIND VELOCITY; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; MAGNETIC
STORMS; POWER; FIELD; OSCILLATIONS; DEPENDENCE; GEOTAIL; MODES
AB Understanding the origin and acceleration of magnetospheric relativistic electrons (MREs) in the Earth's radiation belt during geomagnetic storms is an important subject and yet one of outstanding questions in space physics. It has been statistically suggested that during geomagnetic storms, ultra-low-frequency (ULF) Pc-5 wave activities in the magnetosphere are correlated with order of magnitude increase of MRE fluxes in the outer radiation belt. Yet, physical and observational understandings of resonant interactions between ULF waves and MREs remain minimum. In this paper, we show two events during storms on September 25, 2001 and November 25, 2001, the solar wind speeds in both cases were > 500 km s(-1) while Cluster observations indicate presence of strong ULF waves in the magnetosphere at noon and dusk, respectively, during a similar to 3-hour period. MRE observations by the Los Alamos (LANL) spacecraft show a quadrupling of 1.1-1.5 MeV electron fluxes in the September 25, 2001 event, but only a negligible increase in the November 25, 2001 event. We present a detailed comparison between these two events. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of MRE acceleration during the September 25, 2001 event can be attributed to the compressional wave mode with strong ULF wave activities and the physical origin of MRE acceleration depends more on the distribution of toroidal and poloidal ULF waves in the outer radiation belt.
C1 [Shao, X.; Tan, L. C.; Sharma, A. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fung, S. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Shao, X (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM xshaoup@yahoo.com; shing.f.fung@nasa.gov; ssh@astro.umd.edu
RI Fung, Shing/F-5647-2012
FU NASA [NNX06AE88G]; NSF; University of Maryland from Sarris Tech; ONR
MURI [N000140710789]
FX This work is dedicated to celebrate the career of Prof. Dennis
Papadopoulos. This work is supported partially by NASA grant NNX06AE88G
and NSF grant through a sub-award to University of Maryland from Sarris
Tech. X. Shao and A. S. Sharmas work are also supported by ONR MURI
grant N000140710789. We thank useful discussions of D. Vassiliadis.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0875-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1320
BP 35
EP +
PG 2
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics
GA BUJ89
UT WOS:000289535000004
ER
PT S
AU Tsurutani, BT
Guarnieri, FL
Echer, EE
Lakhina, GS
Verkhoglyadova, OP
AF Tsurutani, B. T.
Guarnieri, F. L.
Echer, E. E.
Lakhina, G. S.
Verkhoglyadova, O. P.
BE Vassiliadis, D
Fung, SF
Shao, X
Daglis, IA
Huba, JD
TI Mirror Modes in the Heliosheath
SO MODERN CHALLENGES IN NONLINEAR PLASMA PHYSICS: A FESTSCHRIFT HONORING
THE CAREER OF DENNIS PAPADOPOULOS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Challenges in Nonlinear Plasma Physics
CY JUN 15-19, 2009
CL Chalkidiki, GREECE
SP BAE Syst, European Space Agcy Directorate Sci & Robot Explorat, US Naval Res Lab, European Atom Energy Commun, European Phys Soc, ICCS, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Latsis Fdn
DE Nonlinear waves; pickup ions; heliosheath; Voyager spacecraft;
collisionless shocks
ID WAVES; MAGNETOSHEATH; PLASMA; MAGNETOPAUSE
AB Mirror mode (MM) structures are identified in the Voyager 1 heliosheath magnetic field data. Their characteristics are: 1) quasiperiodic structures with a typical scale size of similar to 57 rho(p) (proton gyroradii), 2) little or no angular changes across the structures (similar to 3 degrees longitude and similar to 3 degrees latitude), and 3) a lack of sharp boundaries at the magnetic dip edges. It is proposed that the pickup of interstellar neutrals in the upstream region of the termination shock (TS) is the likely cause of MM instability during intervals when the IMF is nearly orthogonal to the solar wind flow direction. Concomitant (quasiperpendicular) shock compression of the MM structures at the TS and additional injection of pickup ions (PUIs) throughout the heliosheath will enhance MM growth.
C1 [Tsurutani, B. T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Guarnieri, F. L.] UNIVAP, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Echer, E. E.] INPE, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Lakhina, G. S.] Indian Inst Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, India.
[Verkhoglyadova, O. P.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35487 USA.
RP Tsurutani, BT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM bruce.tsurutani@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Lakhina, Gurbax /C-9295-2012; Fung, Shing/F-5647-2012
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0875-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1320
BP 111
EP +
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics
GA BUJ89
UT WOS:000289535000015
ER
PT S
AU Karimabadi, H
Dorelli, J
Vu, HX
Loring, B
Omelchenko, Y
AF Karimabadi, H.
Dorelli, J.
Vu, H. X.
Loring, B.
Omelchenko, Y.
BE Vassiliadis, D
Fung, SF
Shao, X
Daglis, IA
Huba, JD
TI Is Quadrupole Structure of Out-of-Plane Magnetic Field Evidence for Hall
Reconnection?
SO MODERN CHALLENGES IN NONLINEAR PLASMA PHYSICS: A FESTSCHRIFT HONORING
THE CAREER OF DENNIS PAPADOPOULOS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Challenges in Nonlinear Plasma Physics
CY JUN 15-19, 2009
CL Chalkidiki, GREECE
SP BAE Syst, European Space Agcy Directorate Sci & Robot Explorat, US Naval Res Lab, European Atom Energy Commun, European Phys Soc, ICCS, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Latsis Fdn
DE Magnetic reconnection; Hall effect
ID MAGNETOTAIL
AB The experimental observation of a quadrupole pattern in the "out-of-plane" field B-y is usually interpreted as a tell-tale sign of Hall MHD mediated magnetic reconnection in the vicinity of a reconnecting X-point. In contrast to these conventional expectations, it is shown by means of analytical equations describing the generation of B-y that quadrupole structure can be formed even in the absence of Hall effects. In general, B-y can be generated due to inhomogeneous ion flow, inhomogeneous current (Hall effect), or terms proportional to a pre-existing B-y. This prediction is validated in a 3D global MHD simulation where it is shown that vortex flows at the dayside magnetopause lead to formation of a finite B-y even in the absence of a pre-existing IMF B-y. The generated field is shown to have a quadrupolar pattern in B-y with peak amplitude similar to 0.5 of the total field. Similar vortex flows are also observed in 3D global hybrid simulations but the resulting B-y structure in this case is a combination of the Hall effects and the inhomogeneous ion flows. Thus special care must be taken in using observations of quadrupole B-y in satellite and experiments to infer information about its particular generation mechanism or attributing it to the Hall MHD reconnection regime.
C1 [Karimabadi, H.; Vu, H. X.; Loring, B.; Omelchenko, Y.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Karimabadi, H.; Vu, H. X.; Loring, B.; Omelchenko, Y.] SciberQuest Inc, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA.
[Dorelli, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Karimabadi, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM homakar@gmail.com
RI Dorelli, John/C-9488-2012; Fung, Shing/F-5647-2012
FU NASA [NNX07AF64G, NNX07AF54G]; NSF [OCI 0904734]; NSF; Ranger and
Kraken; NASA High-End Computing (HEC); NASA Advanced Supercomputing;
(NAS) Division at Ames Research Center
FX We gratefully acknowledge NASA grant NNX07AF64G, NASA Heliophysics
Theory Program, NASA grant NNX07AF54G, and NSF OCI 0904734. Simulations
were performed on NSF supported Ranger and Kraken and NASA High-End
Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS)
Division at Ames Research Center. Useful discussion with T. Phan, V.
Roytershteyn, W. Daughton and J. Scudder are gratefully acknowledged.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0875-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1320
BP 137
EP +
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics
GA BUJ89
UT WOS:000289535000018
ER
PT S
AU Sahraoui, F
Goldstein, ML
AF Sahraoui, F.
Goldstein, M. L.
BE Vassiliadis, D
Fung, SF
Shao, X
Daglis, IA
Huba, JD
TI Electron Scale Solar Wind Turbulence: Cluster Observations and
Theoretical Modeling
SO MODERN CHALLENGES IN NONLINEAR PLASMA PHYSICS: A FESTSCHRIFT HONORING
THE CAREER OF DENNIS PAPADOPOULOS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Challenges in Nonlinear Plasma Physics
CY JUN 15-19, 2009
CL Chalkidiki, GREECE
SP BAE Syst, European Space Agcy Directorate Sci & Robot Explorat, US Naval Res Lab, European Atom Energy Commun, European Phys Soc, ICCS, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Latsis Fdn
ID DISSIPATION; FIELD; DYNAMICS
AB Turbulence at MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) scales of the solar wind has been studied for more than three decades, using data analyzes, theoretical and numerical modeling. However smaller scales have not been explored until very recently. Here, we review recent results on the first observation of cascade and dissipation of the solar wind turbulence at the electron scales. Thanks to the high resolution magnetic and electric field data of the Cluster spacecraft, we computed the spectra of turbulence up to similar to 100 Hz (in the spacecraft reference frame) and found two distinct breakpoints in the magnetic spectrum at 0.4 Hz and 35 Hz, which correspond, respectively, to the Doppler-shifted proton and electron gyroscales, f(rho p), and f(rho e). Below f(rho p) the spectrum follows a Kolmogorov scaling f(-1.62), typical of spectra observed at 1 AU. Above f(rho p), a second inertial range is formed with a scaling f(-2.3) down to f(rho c). Above f(rho e) the spectrum has a steeper power law similar to f(-4.1) down to the noise level of the instrument. Solving numerically the linear Maxwell-Vlasov equations combined with recent theoretical predictions of the Gyro-Kinetic theory, we show that the present results are fully consistent with a scenario of a quasi-two-dimensional cascade into Kinetic Alfven modes (KAW).
C1 [Sahraoui, F.; Goldstein, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Sahraoui, F (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 673, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM fouad.sahraoui@nasa.gov
RI Goldstein, Melvyn/B-1724-2008; Fung, Shing/F-5647-2012
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0875-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1320
BP 160
EP 165
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Physics
GA BUJ89
UT WOS:000289535000020
ER
PT S
AU Bikkannavar, S
Redding, D
Green, J
Basinger, S
Cohen, D
Lou, J
Ohara, C
Shi, F
AF Bikkannavar, Siddarayappa
Redding, David
Green, Joseph
Basinger, Scott
Cohen, David
Lou, John
Ohara, Catherine
Shi, Fang
BE AtadEttedgui, E
Lemke, D
TI Phase Retrieval Methods for Wavefront Sensing
SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes
and Instrumentation
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Wavefront Sensing; Phase Retrieval; MGS; Focus Diversity
ID DIVERSITY; IMAGE; ALGORITHMS; OBJECT; OPTICS
AB Phase retrieval is an image-based wavefront sensing process, used to recover phase information from defocused stellar images. Phase retrieval has proven to be useful for diagnosis of optical aberrations in space telescopes, calibration of adaptive optics systems, and is intended for use in aligning and phasing the James Webb Space Telescope. This paper describes a robust and accurate phase retrieval algorithm for wavefront sensing, which has been successfully demonstrated on a variety of testbeds and telescopes. Key features, such as image preprocessing, diversity adaptation, and prior phase nulling, are described and compared to other methods. Results demonstrate high accuracy and high dynamic range wavefront sensing.
C1 [Bikkannavar, Siddarayappa; Redding, David; Green, Joseph; Basinger, Scott; Cohen, David; Lou, John; Ohara, Catherine; Shi, Fang] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Bikkannavar, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM siddarayappa.a.bikkannavar@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-229-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7739
AR 77392X
DI 10.1117/12.858980
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSU72
UT WOS:000285833700095
ER
PT S
AU Cahoy, K
Fischer, D
Spronck, J
DeMille, D
AF Cahoy, K.
Fischer, D.
Spronck, J.
DeMille, D.
BE AtadEttedgui, E
Lemke, D
TI Combining Laser Frequency Combs and Iodine Cell Calibration Techniques
for Doppler Detection of Exoplanets
SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes
and Instrumentation
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE exoplanet; astro-comb; laser frequency comb; Fabry-Perot; spectrograph;
radial velocity; Doppler
ID PLANET-PLANET SCATTERING; GIANT PLANETS; DETERMINISTIC MODEL; EXTRASOLAR
PLANETS; PERIOD; MASS; EVOLUTION; MIGRATION; JUPITER; RADIUS
AB Exoplanets can be detected from a time series of stellar spectra by looking for small, periodic shifts in the absorption features that are consistent with Doppler shifts caused by the presence of an exoplanet, or multiple exoplanets, in the system. While hundreds of large exoplanets have already been discovered with the Doppler technique (also called radial velocity), our goal is to improve the measurement precision so that many Earth-like planets can be detected. The smaller mass and longer period of true Earth analogues require the ability to detect a reflex velocity of similar to 10 cm/s over long time periods. Currently, typical astronomical spectrographs calibrate using either Iodine absorptive cells or Thorium Argon lamps and achieve similar to 10 m/s precision, with the most stable spectrographs pushing down to similar to 2 m/s. High velocity precision is currently achieved at HARPS by controlling the thermal and pressure environment of the spectrograph. These environmental controls increase the cost of the spectrograph, and it is not feasible to simply retrofit existing spectrometers. We propose a fiber-fed high precision spectrograph design that combines the existing similar to 5000-6000 A Iodine calibration system with a high-precision Laser Frequency Comb (LFC) system from similar to 6000-7000 A that just meets the redward side of the Iodine lines. The scientific motivation for such a system includes: a 1000 A span in the red is currently achievable with LFC systems, combining the two calibration methods increases the wavelength range by a factor of two, and moving redward decreases the "noise" from starspots. The proposed LFC system design employs a fiber laser, tunable serial Fabry-Perot cavity filters to match the resolution of the LFC system to that of standard astronomical spectrographs, and terminal ultrasonic vibration of the multimode fiber for a stable point spread function.
C1 [Cahoy, K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Cahoy, K (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-229-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7739
AR 77394T
DI 10.1117/12.858202
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSU72
UT WOS:000285833700155
ER
PT S
AU Mawet, D
Pueyo, L
Moody, D
Krist, J
Serabyn, E
AF Mawet, Dimitri
Pueyo, Laurent
Moody, Dwight
Krist, John
Serabyn, Eugene
BE AtadEttedgui, E
Lemke, D
TI The Vector Vortex Coronagraph: sensitivity to central obscuration,
low-order aberrations, chromaticism, and polarization
SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes
and Instrumentation
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE High contrast imaging; exoplanets; phase-mask coronagraphy; optical
vortex; adaptive optics; wavefront control; small and large space-based
telescopes; large and extremely large ground-based telescopes
ID PHASE-MASK CORONAGRAPH; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; LIGHT; IMAGE; STAR
AB The Vector Vortex Coronagraph is a phase-based coronagraph, one of the most efficient in terms of inner working angle, throughput, discovery space, contrast, and simplicity. Using liquid-crystal polymer technology, this new coronagraph has recently been the subject of lab demonstrations in the near-infrared, visible and was also used on sky at the Palomar observatory in the H and K bands (1.65 and 2.2 mu m, respectively) to image the brown dwarf companion to HR 7672, and the three extra-solar planets around HR 8799. However, despite these recent successes, the Vector Vortex Coronagraph is, as are most coronagraphs, sensitive to the central obscuration and secondary support structures, low-order aberrations (tip-tilt, focus, etc), bandwidth (chromaticism), and polarization when image-plane wavefront sensing is performed. Here, we consider in detail these sensitivities as a function of the topological charge of the vortex and design features inherent to the manufacturing technology, and show that in practice all of them can be mitigated to meet specific needs.
C1 [Mawet, Dimitri; Pueyo, Laurent; Moody, Dwight; Krist, John; Serabyn, Eugene] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Mawet, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Dimitri.Mawet@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 36
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-229-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7739
AR 773914
DI 10.1117/12.858240
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSU72
UT WOS:000285833700034
ER
PT S
AU Quijada, MA
Henry, RM
Madison, T
Boucarut, R
Hagopian, JG
AF Quijada, Manuel A.
Henry, Ross M.
Madison, Timothy
Boucarut, Rene
Hagopian, John G.
BE AtadEttedgui, E
Lemke, D
TI Post-Flight Reflectance of COSTAR and WF/PC 2 Pickoff Mirrors Upon Their
Return from Space
SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes
and Instrumentation
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE HST; COSTAR; WFPC2-POM; Al+MgF2 UV-Reflectance
ID ULTRAVIOLET; COATINGS
AB This paper summarizes a comparison of pre- and post-flight optical performance on optical components (mostly mirrors) from the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR) instrument and the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WF/PC 2) pickoff mirror. These measurements were carried out after both the COSTAR and WF/PC 2 were retrieved from the Hubble Space Telescope in May of 2009 and returned to GSFC in July of 2009. Both of these instruments had a highly UV-reflecting coating of Al with a MgF2 layer on top for protection on their reflecting optics. We studied these in order to document the aging process on these coatings while in space for more than 15.5 years. When compared to data before flight and witness coupons kept on the ground, we find a severely degraded UV performance for the coatings that flew in space, particularly at the Lyman-alpha wavelength. Based on similar observations seen earlier on the WF/PC1 POM, the current degradation, of the latest optical components removed from HST, are a result of outgassing of substances such as hydrocarbons and silicone from nearby hardware on the spacecraft and UV light that photo-polymerize those materials on the mirror surfaces.
C1 [Quijada, Manuel A.; Henry, Ross M.; Madison, Timothy; Boucarut, Rene; Hagopian, John G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Opt Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Quijada, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Opt Branch, Code 551,7800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM manuel.a.quijada@nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-229-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7739
AR 77392J
DI 10.1117/12.858072
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSU72
UT WOS:000285833700082
ER
PT S
AU Shi, F
Basinger, SA
Diaz, RT
Gappinger, RO
Tang, H
Lam, RK
Sidick, E
Hein, RC
Rud, M
Troy, M
AF Shi, Fang
Basinger, Scott A.
Diaz, Rosemary T.
Gappinger, Robert O.
Tang, Hong
Lam, Raymond K.
Sidick, Erkin
Hein, Randall C.
Rud, Mayer
Troy, Mitchell
BE AtadEttedgui, E
Lemke, D
TI Advanced Wavefront Sensing and Control Testbed (AWCT)
SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes
and Instrumentation
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE wavefront sensing and control; active optics; phase retrieval;
Shack-Hartmann sensor; dispersed fringe sensor; deformable mirror;
segmented mirror; space telescopes; ground telescopes
AB The Advanced Wavefront Sensing and Control Testbed (AWCT) is built as a versatile facility for developing and demonstrating, in hardware, the future technologies of wavefront sensing and control algorithms for active optical systems. The testbed includes a source projector for a broadband point-source and a suite of extended scene targets, a dispersed fringe sensor, a Shack-Hartmann camera, and an imaging camera capable of phase retrieval wavefront sensing. The testbed also provides two easily accessible conjugated pupil planes which can accommodate active optical devices such as fast steering mirror, deformable mirror, and segmented mirrors. In this paper, we describe the testbed optical design, testbed configurations and capabilities, as well as the initial results from the testbed hardware integrations and tests.
C1 [Shi, Fang; Basinger, Scott A.; Diaz, Rosemary T.; Gappinger, Robert O.; Tang, Hong; Lam, Raymond K.; Sidick, Erkin; Hein, Randall C.; Rud, Mayer; Troy, Mitchell] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Shi, F (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-229-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7739
AR 77392W
DI 10.1117/12.858304
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSU72
UT WOS:000285833700094
ER
PT S
AU Li, MJ
Brown, AD
Kutyrev, AS
Moseley, SH
Mikula, V
AF Li, M. J.
Brown, A. D.
Kutyrev, A. S.
Moseley, S. H.
Mikula, V.
BE Schenk, H
Piyawattanmetha, W
TI JWST Microshutter Array System and Beyond
SO MOEMS AND MINIATURIZED SYSTEMS IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on MOEMS and Miniaturized Systems IX
CY JAN 25-27, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE micro-optics; near infrared; space telescope; indium bump bonding;
packaging; microshutter; MEMS; DRIE
AB We have developed the Microshutter Array (MSA) system at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) as a multi-object aperture array for the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The MSA system will enable NIRSpec to simultaneously obtain spectra from more than 100 targets, which, in turn, increases instrument efficiency one-hundred fold. Consequently, this system represents one of the three major innovations on the JWST, which has been selected by the National Research Council's 2001 decadal survey as the top-ranked space-based mission and is scheduled to be the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope. Furthermore, the MSA system will be one of the first MEMS devices serving observation missions in space. Microshutters are designed for the selective transmission of light with high efficiency and contrast and feature torsion hinges, light shields, deep-reactive ion-etched silicon windows, magnetic actuation, and electrostatic latching and addressing. Complete MSA quadrant assemblies consisting of 365 x 181 microshutters have been successfully fabricated. The assemblies have passed a series of critical reviews, which include programmable 2-D addressing, life tests, optical contrast tests, and environmental tests, required by the design specifications of JWST. Both the MSA and NIRSpec will be delivered to ESA for final assembly, and JWST is scheduled to launch in 2014. During final assembly and testing of the MSA system, we have begun to develop the Next Generation Microshutter Arrays (NGMSA) for future telescopes. These telescopes will require a much larger field of view than JWST's, and we discuss strategies for fabrication of a proof-of-concept NGMSA which will be modular in design and electrostatically actuated.
C1 [Li, M. J.; Moseley, S. H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Li, MJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 4
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7990-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7594
AR 75940N
DI 10.1117/12.843728
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSN19
UT WOS:000284996800020
ER
PT S
AU Manohara, H
Toda, R
Lin, RH
Liao, A
Mojarradi, M
AF Manohara, H.
Toda, R.
Lin, R. H.
Liao, A.
Mojarradi, M.
BE Schenk, H
Piyawattanmetha, W
TI Carbon nanotube-based digital vacuum electronics and miniature
instrumentation for space exploration
SO MOEMS AND MINIATURIZED SYSTEMS IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on MOEMS and Miniaturized Systems IX
CY JAN 25-27, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Field Emission; Carbon Nanotube; CNTs; Vacuum Electronics; X-rays
AB JPL has developed high performance cold cathodes using arrays of carbon nanotube bundles that produce > 15 A/cm(2) at applied fields of 5 to 8 V/mu m without any beam focusing. They have exhibited robust operation in poor vacuums of 10(-6) to 10(-4) Torr- a typically achievable range inside hermetically sealed microcavities. Using these CNT cathodes JPL has developed miniature X-ray tubes capable of delivering sufficient photon flux at acceleration voltages of <20kV to perform definitive mineralogy on planetary surfaces; mass ionizers that offer two orders of magnitude power savings, and S/N ratio better by a factor of five over conventional ionizers. JPL has also developed a new class of programmable logic gates using CNT vacuum electronics potentially for Venus in situ missions and defense applications. These "digital" vacuum electronic devices are inherently high-temperature tolerant and radiation insensitive. Device design, fabrication and DC switching operation at temperatures up to 700 degrees C are presented in this paper.
C1 [Manohara, H.; Toda, R.; Lin, R. H.; Liao, A.; Mojarradi, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Manohara, H (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7990-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7594
AR 75940Q
DI 10.1117/12.844076
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSN19
UT WOS:000284996800023
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Q
Tipping, RH
Gamache, RR
AF Ma, Q.
Tipping, R. H.
Gamache, R. R.
TI Uncertainties associated with theoretically calculated N-2-broadened
half-widths of H2O lines
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE theoretical calculation of half-widths; temperature-dependent exponent
in HITRAN; Robert-Bonamy theory; convergence of half-width calculations;
interaction potential for H2O-N-2 pairs
ID ROBERT-BONAMY FORMALISM; WATER-VAPOR; PARAMETERS; SPECTRA; N-2;
TEMPERATURE; SHIFTS
AB With different choices of the cut-offs used in theoretical calculations, we have carried out extensive numerical calculations of the N-2-broadend Lorentzian half-widths of the H2O lines using the modified Robert-Bonamy formalism. Based on these results, we are able to thoroughly check for convergence. We find that, with the low-order cut-offs commonly used in the literature, one is able to obtain converged values only for lines with large half-widths. Conversely, for lines with small half-widths, much higher cut-offs are necessary to guarantee convergence. We also analyse the uncertainties associated with calculated half-widths, and these are correlated as above. In general, the smaller the half-widths, the poorer the convergence and the larger the uncertainty associated with them. For convenience, one can divide all H2O lines into three categories, large, intermediate, and small, according to their half-width values. One can use this division to judge whether the calculated half-widths are converged or not, based on the cut-offs used, and also to estimate how large their uncertainties are. We conclude that with the current Robert-Bonamy formalism, for lines in category 1 one can achieve the accuracy requirement set by HITRAN, whereas for lines in category 3, it is impossible to meet this goal.
C1 [Ma, Q.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Ma, Q.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Tipping, R. H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Gamache, R. R.] Univ Mass Lowell, Dept Environm Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM qma@giss.nasa.gov
FU NASA [NNG06GB23G, NNX09AB62G, FCCS-547, NNH08ZDA001N-ACLAB]; Biological
and Environmental Research Program (BER); U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AI02-93ER61744]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0803135]; Office
of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Two of the authors (Q. Ma and R.H. Tipping) acknowledge financial
support from NASA under grants NNG06GB23G, NNX09AB62G, and FCCS-547. Q.
Ma wishes to acknowledge financial support from the Biological and
Environmental Research Program (BER), the U.S. Department of Energy,
Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI02-93ER61744 and financial support from
NASA under grant NNH08ZDA001N-ACLAB. R.R. Gamache acknowledges support
of this research by the National Science Foundation through grant No.
ATM-0803135. This research used resources of the National Energy
Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office
of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 24
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
EI 1362-3028
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 17
SI SI
BP 2225
EP 2252
DI 10.1080/00268976.2010.505209
PG 28
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 647VD
UT WOS:000281646900010
ER
PT J
AU Bauschlicher, CW
Ricca, A
AF Bauschlicher, Charles W.
Ricca, Alessandra
TI On the calculation of the vibrational frequencies of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Molecular Quantum Mechanics
CY MAY 24-29, 2010
CL Univ California, Berkeley, CA
SP Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Virginia Tech Coll Sci, Q-Chem Inc, Amer Inst Phys
HO Univ California
DE DFT; vibrational frequencies; PAHs
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION;
MATRIX-ISOLATED NAPHTHALENE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY;
ADJUSTABLE-PARAMETERS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; EXACT-EXCHANGE; SPECTRA; PAHS
AB The basis set dependence of the B3LYP approach for the calculation of the vibrational frequencies of naphthalene is shown. The dependence of the accuracy of the vibrational frequencies on the choice of functional is shown for naphthalene and naphthalene cation. Ten functionals are applied to large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); for the closed-shell neutral molecule, all of the methods perform well, while for two of the open-shell cations, all of the hybrid functionals tested fail, while all of the functionals using the generalized gradient approximation work. The implications on how best to study the vibrational frequencies of PAH molecules are discussed.
C1 [Bauschlicher, Charles W.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Technol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Ricca, Alessandra] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
RP Bauschlicher, CW (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Technol Div, Mail Stop 230-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM charles.w.bauschlicher@nasa.gov; alessandra.ricca-1@nasa.gov
NR 38
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 19-20
SI SI
BP 2647
EP 2654
AR PII 927471359
DI 10.1080/00268976.2010.518979
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 675YQ
UT WOS:000283877300022
ER
PT J
AU Schwenke, DW
AF Schwenke, David W.
TI A new paradigm for determining one electron basis sets: core-valence
basis sets for C, N and O
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Molecular Quantum Mechanics
CY MAY 24-29, 2010
CL Univ California, Berkeley, CA
SP Dell Computer, Hewlett-Packard, Virginia Tech Coll Sci, Q-Chem Inc, Amer Inst Phys
HO Univ California
DE gaussian basis sets; core-valence correlation; electronically excited
states
ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; CONSISTENT
BASIS-SETS; ATOMS; BORON; NEON
AB Using a new method, exponential parameters are developed to add to the Dunning type correlation consistent basis sets to describe core-valence correlation. Compared with existing core-valence basis sets, the new basis sets are larger, but have vastly improved convergence characteristics, especially for low-lying electronic states. The new method is very general in that it allows the explicit inclusion of electronic excited states as well as ionic states in the basis set determination.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Schwenke, DW (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, MS T27B-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM david.w.schwenke@nasa.gov
RI schwenke, david/I-3564-2013
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 19-20
SI SI
BP 2751
EP 2758
AR PII 929079109
DI 10.1080/00268976.2010.523712
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 675YQ
UT WOS:000283877300031
ER
PT J
AU Altamirano, D
Linares, M
Patruno, A
Degenaar, N
Wijnands, R
Klein-Wolt, M
van der Klis, M
Markwardt, C
Swank, J
AF Altamirano, D.
Linares, M.
Patruno, A.
Degenaar, N.
Wijnands, R.
Klein-Wolt, M.
van der Klis, M.
Markwardt, C.
Swank, J.
TI Type I X-ray bursts, burst oscillations and kHz quasi-periodic
oscillations in the neutron star system IGR J17191-2821
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion discs; binaries: close; stars: individual: IGR
J17191-2821; stars: individual: XTE J1747-274; stars: neutron; X-rays:
stars
ID ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR; PHOTOSPHERIC RADIUS EXPANSION;
PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; ATOLL SOURCE STATES; TIMING-EXPLORER; 4U
1608-52; BRIGHTNESS OSCILLATIONS; HETE J1900.1-2455; PEAK SEPARATION;
SPIN FREQUENCY
AB We present a detailed study of the X-ray energy and power spectral properties of the neutron star transient IGR J17191-2821. We discovered four instances of pairs of simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs). The frequency difference between these kHz QPOs is between 315 and 362 Hz. We also report on the detection of five thermonuclear type I X-ray bursts and the discovery of burst oscillations at similar to 294 Hz during three of them. Finally, we report on a faint and short outburst precursor, which occurred about two months before the main outburst. Our results on the broad-band spectral and variability properties allow us to firmly establish the atoll source nature of IGR J17191-2821.
C1 [Altamirano, D.; Linares, M.; Patruno, A.; Degenaar, N.; Wijnands, R.; Klein-Wolt, M.; van der Klis, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Markwardt, C.; Swank, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, High Energy Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Markwardt, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Altamirano, D (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM d.altamirano@uva.nl
RI Swank, Jean/F-2693-2012
NR 57
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 223
EP 230
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15627.x
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100034
ER
PT J
AU Coe, MJ
McBride, VA
Corbet, RHD
AF Coe, M. J.
McBride, V. A.
Corbet, R. H. D.
TI Exploring accretion theory with X-ray binaries in the Small Magellanic
Cloud
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries
ID NEUTRON-STARS; SPACED DATA; PULSARS; LONG; SYSTEMS
AB The understanding of the accretion process on to compact objects in binary systems is an important part of modern astrophysics. Theoretical work, primarily that of Ghosh & Lamb, has made clear predictions for the behaviour of such systems which have been generally supported by observational results of considerably varying quality from galactic accreting pulsar systems. In this work, a much larger homogeneous population of such objects in the Small Magellanic Cloud is used to provide more demanding tests of the accretion theory. The results are extremely supportive of the theoretical models and provide useful statistical insights into the manner in which accreting pulsars behave and evolve.
C1 [Coe, M. J.; McBride, V. A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Corbet, R. H. D.] Univ Maryland, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Coe, MJ (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
EM mjcoe@soton.ac.uk
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 252
EP 256
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15631.x
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100038
ER
PT J
AU Massey, R
Stoughton, C
Leauthaud, A
Rhodes, J
Koekemoer, A
Ellis, R
Shaghoulian, E
AF Massey, Richard
Stoughton, Chris
Leauthaud, Alexie
Rhodes, Jason
Koekemoer, Anton
Ellis, Richard
Shaghoulian, Edgar
TI Pixel-based correction for Charge Transfer Inefficiency in the Hubble
Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE instrumentation: detectors; methods: data analysis; space vehicles:
instruments
ID DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES; PROPER MOTIONS; COSMOS; CCDS; IMAGES
AB Charge Transfer Inefficiency (CTI) due to radiation damage above the Earth's atmosphere creates spurious trailing in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. Radiation damage also creates unrelated warm pixels - but these happen to be perfect for measuring CTI. We model CTI in the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/Wide Field Channel and construct a physically motivated correction scheme. This operates on raw data, rather than secondary science products, by returning individual electrons to pixels from which they were unintentionally dragged during readout. We apply our correction to images from the HST Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS), successfully reducing the CTI trails by a factor of similar to 30 everywhere in the CCD and at all flux levels. We quantify changes in galaxy photometry, astrometry and shape. The remarkable 97 per cent level of correction is more than sufficient to enable a (forthcoming) reanalysis of downstream science products and the collection of larger surveys.
C1 [Massey, Richard] Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Stoughton, Chris] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Leauthaud, Alexie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rhodes, Jason] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Rhodes, Jason; Ellis, Richard] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Koekemoer, Anton] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Shaghoulian, Edgar] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Massey, R (reprint author), Royal Observ, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM rm@roe.ac.uk
OI Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048
FU NASA [HST-AR-10964, HST-GO-09822, NAS 5-26555]; STFC [PP/E006450/1,
MIRG-CT-208994]; Chamberlain Fellowship at LBNL; Berkeley Center for
Cosmological Physics
FX This work was based on the observations with the NASA/ESA HST, obtained
at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA Inc,
under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.
NR 43
TC 81
Z9 81
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 371
EP 384
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15638.x
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100049
ER
PT J
AU Woudt, PA
Warner, B
O'Donoghue, D
Buckley, DAH
Still, M
Romero-Colemero, E
Vaisanen, P
AF Woudt, P. A.
Warner, B.
O'Donoghue, D.
Buckley, D. A. H.
Still, M.
Romero-Colemero, E.
Vaisanen, P.
TI Dwarf nova oscillations and quasi-periodic oscillations in cataclysmic
variables - VIII. VW Hyi in outburst observed with the Southern African
Large Telescope star
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion discs; binaries: close; stars: dwarf novae; stars:
individual: VW Hyi; novae; cataclysmic variables; stars: oscillations
ID PHOTOMETRY
AB We analyse four light curves obtained at high time resolution (similar to 0.1 s) with the 11-m Southern African Large Telescope, at the ends of two normal outbursts and one superoutburst of the dwarf nova VW Hyi. All of these contain at least some Dwarf Nova Oscillations (DNOs), which, when at their highest amplitudes, are seen in unprecedented detail. In addition to the expected DNOs with periods > 20 s, we find a previously unknown modulation at 13.39 s, but none at shorter periods. The various DNOs and their interaction with the longer period quasi-periodic oscillations are interpreted in terms of the model of magnetically controlled flow from an accretion disc proposed earlier in this series of papers. Our observations include rare DNOs very late in outburst; we find that the fundamental period does not increase beyond similar to 90 s, which is the same value that the independent 'longer period DNOs' converge on.
C1 [Woudt, P. A.; Warner, B.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Warner, B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[O'Donoghue, D.; Buckley, D. A. H.; Still, M.; Romero-Colemero, E.; Vaisanen, P.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa.
[Still, M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Woudt, PA (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
EM Patrick.Woudt@uct.ac.za
FU University of Cape Town; National Research Foundation of South Africa
FX We thank Albert Jones for providing alerts of outbursts of VW Hyi, and
Pauline Loader for supplying a file of the archived observations of VW
Hyi collected by the Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand. We
kindly acknowledge the use of the AAVSO observational archive of VW Hyi
for determining the shape of the 2008 January outburst light curve.
PAW's and BW's research is supported by the University of Cape Town and
the National Research Foundation of South Africa. All of the
observations reported in this paper were obtained with the SALT, a
consortium consisting of the National Research Foundation of South
Africa, Nicholas Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of
Sciences, Hobby Eberly Telescope Founding Institutions, Rutgers
University, Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, University of Wisconsin
- Madison, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Canterbury, United
Kingdom SALT Consortium, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill,
Dartmouth College, American Museum of Natural History and the
Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, India.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 500
EP 506
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15666.x
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100060
ER
PT J
AU Yang, JC
de Groh, KK
AF Yang, Judith C.
de Groh, Kim K.
TI Materials Issues in the Space Environment
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERTHERMAL ATOMIC OXYGEN; TEFLON(R) FEP; TELESCOPE; DEGRADATION;
EXPOSURE
AB To explore higher, farther, and faster, scientists and engineers have developed advanced materials for manned spacecraft and satellites for a range of sophisticated applications in transportation, global positioning, exploration, and communication. Materials used in space are exposed to vacuum, intense ultraviolet radiation from the sun, and ionizing radiation that results in material damage as well as charging (electrostatic discharge effects), micrometeoroids and debris impacts, and thermal cycling (typically from -175 to 160 degrees C). In terms of materials degradation in space, the low Earth orbit (LEO), where LEO is defined as 200-1000 km above the Earth's surface, is a particularly challenging synergistic environment, since atomic oxygen (AO) is present along with all other environmental elements. Hence, this special issue focuses primarily on the materials issues experienced in LEO by space environmental exposure, such as on the exterior of the International Space Station and the Hubble Space Telescope, and the challenges and opportunities of ground-based laboratory sources to mimic LEO. The combination and comparison of both in-flight and ground-based experiments are needed for the development of predictive understanding of the materials degradation and AO passivation mechanisms in LEO. Such insights are essential for the development of advanced materials and coatings to ensure the long-term durability and performance of vehicles employed in space.
C1 [Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Yang, Judith C.] Max Planck Inst Met Res, Stuttgart, Germany.
[Yang, Judith C.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Yang, Judith C.] NASA, Washington, DC USA.
[de Groh, Kim K.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Space Environm & Expt Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Yang, JC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM judyyang@pitt.edu; kim.k.degroh@nasa.gov
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 18
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0883-7694
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 12
EP 19
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 625WH
UT WOS:000279927000011
ER
PT J
AU Miller, SKR
Banks, B
AF Miller, Sharon K. R.
Banks, Bruce
TI Degradation of Spacecraft Materials in the Space Environment
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
AB When we think of space, we typically think of a vacuum containing very little matter that lies between the Earth and other planetary and stellar bodies. However, the space above Earth's breathable atmosphere and beyond contains many things that make designing durable spacecraft a challenge. Depending on where the spacecraft is flying, it may encounter atomic oxygen, ultraviolet and other forms of radiation, charged particles, micrometeoroids and debris, and temperature extremes. These environments on their own and in combination can cause degradation and failure of polymers, composites, paints and other materials used on the exterior of spacecraft for thermal control, structure, and power generation. This article briefly discusses and gives examples of some of the degradation experienced on spacecraft and flight experiments as a result of the space environment and the use of ground and space data to predict durability.
C1 [Miller, Sharon K. R.; Banks, Bruce] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Miller, SKR (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 309-2, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM sharon.k.miller@nasa.gov; Bruce.A.Banks@nasa.gov
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 13
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0883-7694
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 20
EP 24
DI 10.1557/mrs2010.612
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 625WH
UT WOS:000279927000012
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, DL
Tighe, AP
Van Eesbeek, M
Kimoto, Y
de Groh, KK
AF Edwards, David L.
Tighe, Adrian P.
Van Eesbeek, Marc
Kimoto, Yugo
de Groh, Kim K.
TI Overview of the Natural Space Environment and ESA, JAXA, and NASA
Materials Flight Experiments
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PEACE POLYMERS; STATION; MISSE-2
AB Space environmental effects on materials are very severe and complex because of the synergistic interaction of orbital environments such as high-energy radiation particles, atomic oxygen, micrometeoroids, orbital debris, and ultraviolet irradiation interacting synergistically, along with thermal exposure. In addition, surface degradation associated with contamination can negatively impact optics performance. Materials flight experiments are critical to understanding the engineering performance of materials exposed to specific space environments. Likewise, the spacecraft designer must have an understanding of the specific environment in which a spacecraft will operate, enabling appropriate selection of materials to maximize engineering performance, increase mission lifetimes, and reduce risk. This article will present a methodology for assessing the engineering performance of materials baselined for a specific spacecraft or mission. In addition, an overview of the space environment, from low Earth orbit to interplanetary space, will be provided along with an overview on the effects of the space environment on materials performance. The majority of this article is devoted to materials flight experiments from the European Space Agency (ESA), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Some of the experiments reviewed include ESA's Materials Exposure and Degradation Experiment on the International Space Station (ISS), JAXA's Micro-Particles Capturer and Space Environment Exposure Device experiments on the ISS Service Module and on the ISS Japanese Experiment Module Exposed Facility, and NASA's Long Duration Exposure Facility satellite and the Materials International Space Station Experiment series flown on the exterior of ISS.
C1 [Edwards, David L.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Kimoto, Yugo] JAXA, Elect Devices & Mat Grp, Aerosp Res & Dev Directorate, Tokyo, Japan.
[Tighe, Adrian P.] European Space Agcy, Estec, TEC QEM, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
RP Edwards, DL (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, M-S EV44, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM David.L.Edwards@NASA.gov; Adrian.Tighe@esa.int;
Marc.van.Eesbeek@esa.int; kimoto.yugo@jaxa.jp
NR 51
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 20
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0883-7694
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 25
EP 34
DI 10.1557/mrs2010.613
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 625WH
UT WOS:000279927000013
ER
PT S
AU Huntsberger, T
Stoica, A
AF Huntsberger, Terry
Stoica, Adrian
BE Braun, JJ
TI Envisioning Cognitive Robots for Future Space Exploration
SO MULTISENSOR, MULTISOURCE INFORMATION FUSION: ARCHITECTURES, ALGORITHMS,
AND APPLICATIONS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multisensor, Multisource Information Fusion -
Architectures, Algorithms and Applications 2010
CY APR 07-08, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Cognitive robotics; behavior-based control; space robotics; hybrid
architectures
ID MULTIROBOT SYSTEMS; ARCHITECTURE; ANTICIPATION; ATTENTION; CALCULUS
AB Cognitive robots in the context of space exploration are envisioned with advanced capabilities of model building, continuous planning/re-planning, self-diagnosis, as well as the ability to exhibit a level of 'understanding' of new situations. An overview of some JPL components (e.g. CASPER, CAMPOUT) and a description of the architecture CARACaS (Control Architecture for Robotic Agent Command and Sensing) that combines these in the context of a cognitive robotic system operating in a various scenarios are presented. Finally, two examples of typical scenarios of a multi-robot construction mission and a human-robot mission, involving direct collaboration with humans is given.
C1 [Huntsberger, Terry; Stoica, Adrian] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Huntsberger, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM terry.huntsberger@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8174-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7710
AR 77100D
DI 10.1117/12.853284
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BSO05
UT WOS:000285049500010
ER
PT S
AU Larar, AM
Liu, X
Zhou, DK
Smith, WL
AF Larar, Allen M.
Liu, Xu
Zhou, Daniel K.
Smith, William L.
BE Larar, AM
Chung, HS
Suzuki, M
TI Spectral resolution and coverage impact on advanced sounder information
content
SO MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING
TECHNOLOGY, TECHNIQUES, AND APPLICATIONS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote
Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Remote sensing; advanced sounders; information content; AIRS; IASI; CrIS
ID DISTRIBUTIONS; MISSION
AB Advanced satellite sensors are tasked with improving global measurements of the Earth's atmosphere, clouds, and surface to enable enhancements in weather prediction, climate monitoring capability, and environmental change detection. Achieving such measurement improvements requires instrument system advancements and/or optimization of geophysical information content extraction. This manuscript focuses on the impact of spectral resolution and coverage changes on remote sensing system information content, with a specific emphasis on thermodynamic state and trace species variables obtainable from advanced atmospheric sounders such as the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) on the NASA EOS Aqua satellite, the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on MetOP, and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) system to fly on the NPP and JPSS series of satellites.
C1 [Larar, Allen M.; Liu, Xu; Zhou, Daniel K.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Larar, AM (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
EM Allen.M.Larar@nasa.gov; Allen.M.Larar@nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8387-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7857
AR 785706
DI 10.1117/12.869589
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO84
UT WOS:000287651800005
ER
PT S
AU Lee, SY
Pagano, T
Chahine, M
Fetzer, E
AF Lee, Sung-Yung
Pagano, Thomas
Chahine, Moustafa
Fetzer, Eric
BE Larar, AM
Chung, HS
Suzuki, M
TI Eight Years of AIRS
SO MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING
TECHNOLOGY, TECHNIQUES, AND APPLICATIONS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote
Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE AIRS; Infrared sounder; grating spectrometer; EOS Aqua; climate
research; weather forecasting; atmospheric gases
AB The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched in May of 2002. The AIRS Sounding Suit, AIRS along with AMSU-A and HSB, were designed to measure the atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles, the surface and the cloud parameters for climate research and for improvement in weather forecast. Over the last 8+ years AIRS has been operating extremely stable, far surpassing original design life of 4 - 5 years. Many exciting research papers on climate have been published with AIRS data. The AIRS data are assimilated by most NWP centers and have shown considerable improvement in forecast skill. We will describe the current status of the instruments as well as the new activity on the data processing software.
C1 [Lee, Sung-Yung; Pagano, Thomas; Chahine, Moustafa; Fetzer, Eric] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM Sung-Yung.Lee@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8387-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7857
AR 785702
DI 10.1117/12.868474
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO84
UT WOS:000287651800001
ER
PT S
AU Liu, X
Kizer, S
Larar, A
Zhou, D
Smith, W
Barnet, C
Divakarla, M
Guo, G
Blackwell, B
Leslie, V
Jairam, L
St Jermain, K
Lynch, R
AF Liu, Xu
Kizer, Susan
Larar, Allen
Zhou, Daniel
Smith, William
Barnet, Chris
Divakarla, Murty
Guo, Guang
Blackwell, Bill
Leslie, Vincent
Jairam, Laura
St Jermain, Karen
Lynch, Richard
BE Larar, AM
Chung, HS
Suzuki, M
TI PORTING AND TESTING NPOESS CRIMSS EDR ALGORITHMS
SO MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING
TECHNOLOGY, TECHNIQUES, AND APPLICATIONS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote
Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE remote sensing; atmospheric profile retrievals; CrIS algorithm
AB As a part of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS, formerly the NPOESS afternoon orbit), the instruments Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) make up the Cross-track Infrared and Microwave Sounder Suite (CrIMSS). CrIMSS will primarily provide global temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles and calibrated radiances [1]. In preparation for the NPP launch in 2011, we have ported and tested the operational CrIMSS Environmental Data Record (EDR) algorithms using both synthetic and proxy data generated from the IASI, AMSU, MHS data from Metop-A satellite.
C1 [Liu, Xu; Larar, Allen] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Liu, X (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RI Divakarla, Murty/E-7936-2011; Barnet, Christopher/F-5573-2010
OI Divakarla, Murty/0000-0002-0399-3381;
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8387-4
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7857
AR 785705
DI 10.1117/12.869428
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO84
UT WOS:000287651800004
ER
PT S
AU Zhou, DK
Larar, AM
Liu, X
Smith, WL
Strow, LL
Yang, P
AF Zhou, Daniel K.
Larar, Allen M.
Liu, Xu
Smith, William L.
Strow, L. Larrabee
Yang, Ping
BE Larar, AM
Chung, HS
Suzuki, M
TI How well can infrared sounders observe the atmosphere and surface
through clouds?
SO MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING
TECHNOLOGY, TECHNIQUES, AND APPLICATIONS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote
Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean Satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm (NASA), Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Remote sensing; ultraspectral instrument; inversion; clouds; land
surface emissivity
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; EMISSIVITY; RETRIEVALS; VALIDATION; PARAMETERS;
CIRRUS
AB Infrared sounders, such as the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), and the Cross-track Infrared sounder (CrIS), have a cloud-impenetrable disadvantage in observing the atmosphere and surface under opaque cloudy conditions. However, recent studies indicate that hyperspectral, infrared sounders have the ability to detect cloud effective-optical and microphysical properties and to penetrate optically thin clouds in observing the atmosphere and surface to a certain degree. We have developed a retrieval scheme dealing with atmospheric conditions with cloud presence. This scheme can be used to analyze the retrieval accuracy of atmospheric and surface parameters under clear and cloudy conditions. In this paper, we present the surface emissivity results derived from IASI global measurements under both clear and cloudy conditions. The accuracy of surface emissivity derived under cloudy conditions is statistically estimated in comparison with those derived under clear sky conditions. The retrieval error caused by the clouds is shown as a function of cloud optical depth, which helps us to understand how well infrared sounders can observe the atmosphere and surface through clouds.
C1 [Zhou, Daniel K.; Larar, Allen M.; Liu, Xu] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Zhou, DK (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
EM daniel.k.zhou@nasa.gov
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8387-4
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7857
AR 785704
DI 10.1117/12.869545
PG 9
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO84
UT WOS:000287651800003
ER
PT B
AU Li, Y
Hinkley, JA
Jacob, KI
AF Li, Yao
Hinkley, Jeffrey A.
Jacob, Karl I.
BE Wong, CP
Moon, KSJ
Li, Y
TI Molecular Dynamics Applications in Packaging
SO NANO-BIO-ELECTRONIC, PHOTONIC AND MEMS PACKAGING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Molecular dynamics; Molecular simulations; Electronic packaging
ID LINKED POLYMER NETWORKS; WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
MOISTURE DIFFUSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EPOXY-RESINS; FORCE-FIELD;
SIMULATION; COMPOSITES; INTERFACE
AB Development of integrated circuits (IC) and semiconductor chips has narrowed dimensions of electronic components to length scales of nanometer Size. However design and manufacture of nano-scale electronic components need extensive understanding of material properties at small length scales, preferably at the atomistic level. Behavior of materials at nanometer scale is significantly influenced by size effects; behaviors of materials significantly change. at nanometer level compared in macroscopic world due to size effects. As a result, electronic packaging has to adopt significant design requirements associated with the tremendous reduction in size.
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation [1-5] was invented as a tool to account for the interactions between basic particles. generally atoms, in small systems of interest. Many attributes of materials can be obtained From MD simulation, at least on a qualitative level and sometimes in more quantitative manner. MD has been utilized as a powerful tool to narrow the number of possible candidate materials for many components in electronic packaging, based on the critical requirements on the material. such as resistance of materials to moisture, stress and thermal cycling, and strength (if interfaces. This is achieved by understanding the behavior of the materials with hypothetical structure and composition. reducing or eliminating the need for synthesizing these materials at least during the initial material selection process. Thus. in addition to understanding material behavior, MD call be used to address the inverse problem of designing materials with specific properties for a chosen end use.
In the past decade, MD procedure has experienced explosive growth in its usage in a variety of areas. Here. we give a brief review of MD simulation procedure with particular emphasis to its applications in electronic packaging. Anion,! all the micro-scale or nano-scale simulation methods (MD. Monte Carlo methods and quantum mechanics). MD serves as a major simulation tool in electronic packaging area. Selection of an appropriate simulation method depends on the length scale of the systems under consideration and the time scale associated with the process of interest that the system is subjected to. Many problems of interest in the packaging area fall within the length scale limits of MD as it is comparable to the relevant size of many electronic packaging devices. Compared to other methods, MD can model most properties and processes at the equilibrium state as well as many nonequilibrium phenomena (such as water diffusion. heat transfer. mechanical deformation) in the packaging area. In addition, MD can be Coupled with (1) Monte Carlo methods to incorporate complementary effects within the MD time/length scale domain, (2) quantum mechanics to capture events even at smaller scale and the effects of changes in electronic structures from the changes in atomic positions or structure, and (3) with finite element methods to embed quantum and molecular effects with continuum structural behavior for a material or a device. Depending on the particular property, in most cases molecular simulations can give excellent qualitative results and in many cases very good quantitative results as well. Since there are limitations on time and domain size in MD simulations, one may find difficulties in accurately simulating sonic of the properties that are realized in a larger domain and longer duration in real materials.
C1 [Li, Yao; Jacob, Karl I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Polymer Text & Fiber Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Hinkley, Jeffrey A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Jacob, KI (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Polymer Text & Fiber Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM yli6@gatech.com; jeffrey.a.hinkley@nasa.gov; jacob@gatech.edu;
yli6@gatech.com
NR 76
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-0039-5
PY 2010
BP 665
EP 694
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0040-1_18
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-0040-1
PG 30
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BMU24
UT WOS:000273572900018
ER
PT S
AU Prasad, NS
Taylor, PJ
Trivedi, SB
Kutcher, SW
AF Prasad, Narasimha S.
Taylor, Patrick J.
Trivedi, Sudhir B.
Kutcher, Susan W.
BE Dobisz, EA
Eldada, LA
TI New Technology for Microfabrication and Testing of a Thermoelectric
Device for Generating Mobile Electrical Power
SO NANOENGINEERING: FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, OPTICS, AND DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Nanoengineering - Fabrication, Properties, Optics, and
Devices VII
CY AUG 03-04, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Nanostructured materials; thermoelectric power generators; flip-chip
module; PbTe:Bi; PbTe:Tl
AB We report the results of fabrication and testing of a thermoelectric power generation module. The module was fabricated using a new "flip-chip" module assembly technique that is scalable and modular. This technique results in a low value of contact resistivity (<= 10(5) Omega-cm(2)). It can be used to leverage new advances in thin-film and nanostructured materials for the fabrication of new miniature thermoelectric devices. It may also enable monolithic integration of large devices or tandem arrays of devices on flexible or curved surfaces. Under mild testing, a power of 22 mW/cm(2) was obtained from small (< 100 K) temperature differences. At higher, more realistic temperature differences, similar to 500 K, where the efficiency of these materials greatly improves, this power density would scale to between 0.5 and 1 Watt/cm(2). These results highlight the excellent potential for the generation and scavenging of electrical power of practical and usable magnitude for remote applications using thermoelectric power generation technologies.
C1 [Prasad, Narasimha S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Prasad, NS (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8260-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7764
AR 776409
DI 10.1117/12.862849
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSU79
UT WOS:000285835800006
ER
PT S
AU Zheng, Y
Su, CM
Getty, S
AF Zheng, Yun
Su, Chanmin
Getty, Stephanie
BE Dobisz, EA
Eldada, LA
TI Non-Contact Stiffness Measurement of a Suspended Single Walled Carbon
Nanotube Device
SO NANOENGINEERING: FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, OPTICS, AND DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Nanoengineering - Fabrication, Properties, Optics, and
Devices VII
CY AUG 03-04, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Non-contact stiffness measurement; Resonant frequency; Nanotechnology;
MEMS; Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Electric field sensor
AB A new nanoscale electric field sensor was developed for studying triboelectric charging in terrestrial and Martian dust devils. This sensor is capable to measure the large electric fields for large dust devils without saturation. However, to quantify the electric charges and the field strength it is critical to calibrate the mechanical stiffness of the sensor devices. We performed a technical feasibility study of the Nano E-field Sensor stiffness by a non-contact stiffness measurement method. The measurement is based on laser Doppler vibrometer measurement of the thermal noise due to energy flunctuations in the devices. The experiment method provides a novel approach to acquire data that is essential in analyzing the quantitative performance of the E-field Nano Sensor. To carry out the non-contact stiffness measurement, we fabricated a new Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) E-field sensor with different SWCNTs suspension conditions. The power spectra of the thermal induced displacement in the nano E-field sensor were measured at the accuracy of picometer. The power spectra were then used to derive the mechanical stiffness of the sensors. Effect of suspension conditions on stiffness and sensor sensitivty was discussed. After combined deformation and resistivity measurement, we can compare with our laboratory testing and field testing results. This new non-contact measurement technology can also help to explore to other nano and MEMS devices in the future.
C1 [Zheng, Yun] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Detectors Syst Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Zheng, Y (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Detectors Syst Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Getty, Stephanie/D-7037-2012
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8260-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7764
AR 77640K
DI 10.1117/12.861289
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSU79
UT WOS:000285835800014
ER
PT S
AU Prasad, NS
AF Prasad, Narasimha S.
BE Taylor, EW
Cardimona, DA
TI Testing of laser components subjected to exposure in space
SO NANOPHOTONICS AND MACROPHOTONICS FOR SPACE ENVIRONMENTS IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Nanophotonics and Macrophotonics for Space Environments IV
CY AUG 03-04, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE MISSE 6; MISSE 7; Space Qualification; Laser components; International
Space Station; STS-123; STS 129
AB Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) missions provide an opportunity for developing space qualifiable materials by studying the response of novel materials when subjected to the synergistic effects of the harsh space environment. MISSE 6 was transported to the international Space Station (ISS) via STS 123 on March 11. 2008. The astronauts successfully attached the passive experiment containers (PEC) to external handrails of the international space station (ISS) and opened up for long term exposure. After more than a year of exposure attached to the station's exterior, the PEC with several hundred material samples returned to the earth with the STS-128 space shuttle crew that was launched on shuttle Discovery from the Kennedy Space Center, Fla., on Aug. 28. Meanwhile, MISSE 7 launch is scheduled to be launched on STS 129 mission. MISSE-7 was launched on Space Shuttle mission STS-129 on Atlantis was launched on November 16, 2009. This paper will briefly review recent efforts on MISSE 6 and MISSE 7 missions at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC).
C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Prasad, NS (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM narasimha.s.prasad@nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-313-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7817
AR 781705
DI 10.1117/12.862850
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BSU67
UT WOS:000285833000004
ER
PT J
AU Katar, L
Labiosa, AB
Plaud, AE
Mosquera-Vargas, E
Fonseca, L
Weiner, BR
Morell, G
AF Katar, Lakshmi
Labiosa, Azlin Biaggi
Plaud, Amairy E.
Mosquera-Vargas, Edgar
Fonseca, Luis
Weiner, Brad R.
Morell, Gerardo
TI Silicon Encapsulated Carbon Nanotubes
SO NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE BCNTs; Silicon coated; Sputtering
ID ELECTRON FIELD-EMISSION; MICROSTRUCTURE; FILMS
AB A dual stage process of depositing bamboo-like carbon nanotubes (BCNTs) by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) and coating Si using Radio frequency sputtering (RFS) technique. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron field emission studies (EFE). SEM results suggest a dense network of homogeneous silicon-coated BCNTs. From the comprehensive analysis of the results provided by these techniques emerges the picture of Si encapsulated BCNTs.
C1 [Katar, Lakshmi; Plaud, Amairy E.; Weiner, Brad R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Katar, Lakshmi; Mosquera-Vargas, Edgar; Fonseca, Luis; Weiner, Brad R.; Morell, Gerardo] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Mosquera-Vargas, Edgar; Fonseca, Luis; Morell, Gerardo] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Labiosa, Azlin Biaggi] NASA, Sensors & Elect Branch, Div Instrumentat & Controls, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Katar, L (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, POB 23323, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
EM srilakshmikatar@yahoo.com
RI Mosquera Vargas, Edgar/A-8205-2013; Morell, Gerardo/H-6300-2011
OI Morell, Gerardo/0000-0003-4787-2239
FU (NSF) [0701525]; NASA [NNX07AO30A, NNX08AB12A, NNX08BA48A]
FX This research project is being carried out under the auspices of the
Institute for Functional Nanomaterials (NSF Grant No. 0701525). This
research was also supported in part NASA Cooperative Agreements
NNX07AO30A and NNX08AB12A (PR NASA EPSCoR) and NASA CANM Grant
NNX08BA48A.
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1931-7573
J9 NANOSCALE RES LETT
JI Nanoscale Res. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
BP 74
EP 80
DI 10.1007/s11671-009-9446-z
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 534SA
UT WOS:000272916400012
ER
PT J
AU Hubbard, SM
Raffaelle, R
Bailey, S
AF Hubbard, Seth M.
Raffaelle, Ryne
Bailey, Sheila
BE Tsakalakos, L
TI Quantum Dot Solar Cells
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; TRANSMISSION-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY;
SELF-ORGANIZATION PROCESSES; ENERGY-CONVERSION; STRAIN-COMPENSATION;
EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; GAAS; EFFICIENCY; INGAAS; SUPERLATTICES
C1 [Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Grad Fac Microsyst Engn, Grad Fac Golisano,Inst Sustainabil, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Raffaelle, Ryne] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Bailey, Sheila] NASA, Photovolta & Space Environm Branch RPV, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Hubbard, SM (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Grad Fac Microsyst Engn, Grad Fac Golisano,Inst Sustainabil, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
NR 85
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-7675-2
PY 2010
BP 279
EP 322
DI 10.1201/9781420076752-c8
D2 10.1201/9781420076752
PG 44
WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA BSP54
UT WOS:000285293100009
ER
PT J
AU Bleier, T
Dunson, C
Alvarez, C
Freund, F
Dahlgren, R
AF Bleier, T.
Dunson, C.
Alvarez, C.
Freund, F.
Dahlgren, R.
TI Correlation of pre-earthquake electromagnetic signals with laboratory
and field rock experiments
SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOMA-PRIETA EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; EPICENTER
AB Analysis of the 2007 M5.4 Alum Rock earthquake near San Jose California showed that magnetic pulsations were present in large numbers and with significant amplitudes during the 2 week period leading up the event. These pulsations were 1-30 s in duration, had unusual polarities (many with only positive or only negative polarities versus both polarities), and were different than other pulsations observed over 2 years of data in that the pulse sequence was sustained over a 2 week period prior to the quake, and then disappeared shortly after the quake. A search for the underlying physics process that might explain these pulses was was undertaken, and one theory (Freund, 2002) demonstrated that charge carriers were released when various types of rocks were stressed in a laboratory environment. It was also significant that the observed charge carrier generation was transient, and resulted in pulsating current patterns. In an attempt to determine if this phenomenon occurred outside of the laboratory environment, the authors scaled up the physics experiment from a relatively small rock sample in a dry laboratory setting, to a large 7 metric tonne boulder comprised of Yosemite granite. This boulder was located in a natural, humid (above ground) setting at Bass Lake, Ca. The boulder was instrumented with two Zonge Engineering, Model ANT4 induction type magnetometers, two Trifield Air Ion Counters, a surface charge detector, a geophone, a Bruker Model EM27 Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectrometer with Sterling cycle cooler, and various temperature sensors. The boulder was stressed over about 8 h using expanding concrete (Bustar(tm)), until it fractured into three major pieces. The recorded data showed surface charge build up, magnetic pulsations, impulsive air conductivity changes, and acoustical cues starting about 5 h before the boulder actually broke. These magnetic and air conductivity pulse signatures resembled both the laboratory rock stressing results and the 30 October 2007 M5.4 Alum Rock earthquake field data. The second part of this paper examined other California earthquakes, prior to the Alum Rock earthquake, to see if magnetic pulsations were also present prior to those events. A search for field examples of medium earthquakes was performed to identify earthquakes where functioning magnetometers were present within 20 km, the expected detection range of the magnetometers. Two earthquakes identified in the search included the 12 August 1998 M5.1 San Juan Bautista (Hollister Ca.) earthquake and the 28 September 2004 M6.0 Parkfield Ca. earthquake. Both of these data sets were recorded using EMI Corp. Model BF4 induction magnetometers, installed in equipment owned and operated by UC Berkeley. Unfortunately, no air conductivity or IR data were available for these earthquake examples. This new analysis of old data used the raw time series data (40 samples per s), and examined the data for short duration pulsations that exceeded the normal background noise levels at each site, similar to the technique used at Alum Rock. Analysis of Hollister magnetometer, positioned 2 km from the epicenter, showed a significant increase in magnetic pulsations above quiescient threshold levels several weeks prior, and especially 2 days prior to the quake. The pattern of positive and negative pulsations observed at Hollister, were similar, but not identical to Alum Rock in that the pattern of pulsations were interspersed with Pc 1 pulsation trains, and did not start 2 weeks prior to the quake, but rather 2 days prior.
The Parkfield data (magntometer positioned 19 km from the epicenter) showed much smaller pre-earthquake pulsations, but the area had significantly higher conductivity (which attenuates the signals). More interesting was the fact that significant pulsations occurred between the aftershock sequences of quakes as the crustal stress patterns were migrating. Comparing laboratory, field experiments with a boulder, and earthquake events, striking similarities were noted in magnetic pulsations and air conductivity changes, as well as IR signals (where instrumented). More earthquake samples, taken with the appropriate detectors and within 10-15 km proximity to large (> M5) earthquakes, are still needed to provide more evidence to understand the variability between earthquakes and various electromagnetic signals detected prior to large earthquakes.
C1 [Bleier, T.; Dunson, C.; Alvarez, C.] Quakefinder, Palo Alto, CA USA.
[Freund, F.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Dahlgren, R.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Bleier, T (reprint author), Quakefinder, Palo Alto, CA USA.
EM tbleier@quakefinder.com
FU Stellar Solutions; NASA Headquarters, Earth Surface and Interior Focus
Area
FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding for this activity from C. Ford
(Stellar Solutions), and J. LaBrecque (NASA Headquarters, Earth Surface
and Interior Focus Area). We are also grateful for the supporting ULF
data for PKD (Parkfield) and SAO (Hollister) from the UC Berkeley
Seismo-Lab, and the solar (Kp) and humidity data from NOAA.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 8
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1561-8633
J9 NAT HAZARD EARTH SYS
JI Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 9
BP 1965
EP 1975
DI 10.5194/nhess-10-1965-2010
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 657QL
UT WOS:000282427300018
ER
PT J
AU Lunt, DJ
Haywood, AM
Schmidt, GA
Salzmann, U
Valdes, PJ
Dowsett, HJ
AF Lunt, Daniel J.
Haywood, Alan M.
Schmidt, Gavin A.
Salzmann, Ulrich
Valdes, Paul J.
Dowsett, Harry J.
TI Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; COUPLED MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MID-PLIOCENE;
SURFACE MELT; CO2; VEGETATION; FUTURE; CRYOSPHERE; WARMTH
AB Quantifying the equilibrium response of global temperatures to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth's climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important effect on this temperature sensitivity, but have often been neglected. Here we use a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model to simulate the climate of the mid-Pliocene warm period (about three million years ago), and analyse the forcings and feedbacks that contributed to the relatively warm temperatures. Furthermore, we compare our simulation with proxy records of mid-Pliocene sea surface temperature. Taking these lines of evidence together, we estimate that the response of the Earth system to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is 30-50% greater than the response based on those fast-adjusting components of the climate system that are used traditionally to estimate climate sensitivity. We conclude that targets for the long-term stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse-gas concentrations aimed at preventing a dangerous human interference with the climate system should take into account this higher sensitivity of the Earth system.
C1 [Lunt, Daniel J.; Valdes, Paul J.] Univ Bristol, BRIDGE, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
[Lunt, Daniel J.; Salzmann, Ulrich] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Haywood, Alan M.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Schmidt, Gavin A.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Salzmann, Ulrich] Northumbria Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Dowsett, Harry J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Lunt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Bristol, BRIDGE, Sch Geog Sci, Univ Rd, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
EM d.j.lunt@bristol.ac.uk
RI Lunt, Daniel/G-9451-2011; Schmidt, Gavin/D-4427-2012; Valdes,
Paul/C-4129-2013;
OI Lunt, Daniel/0000-0003-3585-6928; Schmidt, Gavin/0000-0002-2258-0486;
Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524
FU BAS; RCUK
FX This work was carried out in the framework of the British Antarctic
Survey (BAS) Greenhouse to ice-house: Evolution of the Antarctic
Cryosphere And Palaeoenvironment (GEACEP) programme. D.J.L. is
financially supported by BAS and RCUK fellowhips.
NR 43
TC 104
Z9 110
U1 8
U2 47
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 1
BP 60
EP 64
DI 10.1038/NGEO706
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 535NM
UT WOS:000272976200018
ER
PT B
AU Choi, SH
Song, KD
Park, Y
Lee, U
AF Choi, Sang H.
Song, Kyo D.
Park, Yeonjoon
Lee, Uhn
GP ASME
TI Development of Neural Probe with Wireless Power Feed
SO NEMB2010: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FIRST GLOBAL CONGRESS ON
NANOENGINEERING FOR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY - 2010
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME 1st Global Congress on Nanoengineering for Medicine and Biology
CY FEB 07-10, 2010
CL Houston, TX
SP ASME Nanotechnol Inst
AB New medical device technology is essential for diagnosing, monitoring, and curing wide spectrum of diseases, anomalies and inflictions. For neural applications, no matter whether non-intrusive or not, currently available devices are generally limited to either a curing or a probing function. In this paper we review the technology requirements for new neural probe and cure device technology. Recent advances in micro and nano-scale devices engineering and wireless power technology offer a great potential to revolutionize many health care systems. The integration of wireless power technology into smart microsensor and probe systems greatly simplifies the healthcare devices and systems and also offers additional device functions for even complex jobs. The wireless power feed technology eliminates the pains and irritations associated with implanted power devices and wires. Neural electronics interfaces (NEI) can be coupled and integrated with the wireless power receiver (WPR). The implantable probe-pin devices (PPD) that include the NEI and WPR allow real-time measurement and control/feedback possible for remedial process of neural anomaly from normal functions. Such a system like a PPD should have an embedded expert system that performs semi-autonomous functions through a routine of sensing, judging, and controlling the neural anomaly.
C1 [Choi, Sang H.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Choi, SH (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4392-5
PY 2010
BP 7
EP 10
PG 4
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Mechanics;
Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Mechanics; Research &
Experimental Medicine
GA BQZ48
UT WOS:000282210100004
ER
PT S
AU Soebiyanto, RP
Kiang, RK
AF Soebiyanto, R. P.
Kiang, R. K.
BE Kajiwara, K
Muramatsu, K
Soyama, N
Endo, T
Ono, A
Akatsuka, S
TI MODELING INFLUENZA TRANSMISSION USING ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
SO NETWORKING THE WORLD WITH REMOTE SENSING
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Symposium on Networking the World with Remote Sensing of
ISPRS-Technical-Commission
CY AUG 09-12, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP ISPRS Tech Commiss
DE Influenza; modelling; environment
ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; HONG-KONG; VIRUS; TEMPERATURE; INFECTIONS; PATTERNS;
TROPICS
AB Influenza is an acute viral respiratory disease that has significant mortality, morbidity and economic burden worldwide. It infects approximately 5-15% of the world population, and causes 250,000 - 500,000 deaths each year. The role of environments on influenza is often drawn upon the latitude variability of influenza seasonality pattern. In regions with temperate climate, influenza epidemics exhibit clear seasonal pattern that peak during winter months, but it is not as evident in the tropics. Toward this end, we developed mathematical model and forecasting capabilities for influenza in regions characterized by warm climate - Hong Kong (China) and Maricopa County (Arizona, USA). The best model for Hong Kong uses Land Surface Temperature (LST), precipitation and relative humidity as its covariates. Whereas for Maricopa County, we found that weekly influenza cases can be best modelled using mean air temperature as its covariates. Our forecasts can further guides public health organizations in targeting influenza prevention and control measures such as vaccination.
C1 [Soebiyanto, R. P.; Kiang, R. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Change Data Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Kiang, RK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Change Data Ctr, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM radina.soebiyanto@nasa.gov; richard.kiang@nasa.gov
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 330
EP 334
PN 8
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BB2NN
UT WOS:000341930000075
ER
PT S
AU Safi, N
Adimi, F
Soebiyanto, RP
Kiang, RK
AF Safi, N.
Adimi, F.
Soebiyanto, R. P.
Kiang, R. K.
BE Kajiwara, K
Muramatsu, K
Soyama, N
Endo, T
Ono, A
Akatsuka, S
TI TOWARD MALARIA RISK PREDICTION IN AFGHANISTAN USING REMOTE SENSING
SO NETWORKING THE WORLD WITH REMOTE SENSING
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Symposium on Networking the World with Remote Sensing of
ISPRS-Technical-Commission
CY AUG 09-12, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP ISPRS Tech Commiss
DE Malaria; risk prediction; Afghanistan; remote sensing
AB Malaria causes more than one million deaths every year worldwide, with most of the mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is also a significant public health concern in Afghanistan, with approximately 60% of the population, or nearly 14 million people, living in a malaria-endemic area. Malaria transmission has been shown to be dependent on a number of environmental and meteorological variables. For countries in the tropics and the subtropics, rainfall is normally the most important variable, except for regions with high altitude where temperature may also be important. Afghanistan's diverse landscape contributes to the heterogeneous malaria distribution. Understanding the environmental effects on malaria transmission is essential to the effective control of malaria in Afghanistan. Provincial malaria data gathered by Health Posts in 23 provinces during 2004-2007 are used in this study. Remotely sensed geophysical parameters, including precipitation from TRMM, and surface temperature and vegetation index from MODIS are used to derive the empirical relationship between malaria cases and these geophysical parameters. Both neural network methods and regression analyses are used to examine the environmental dependency of malaria transmission. And the trained models are used for predicting future transmission. While neural network methods are intrinsically more adaptive for nonlinear relationship, the regression approach lends itself in providing statistical significance measures. Our results indicate that NDVI is the strongest predictor. This reflects the role of irrigation, instead of precipitation, in Afghanistan for agricultural production. The second strongest prediction is surface temperature. Precipitation is not shown as a significant predictor, contrary to other malarious countries in the tropics or subtropics. With the regression approach, the malaria time series are modelled well, with average R-2 of 0.845. For cumulative 6-month prediction of malaria cases, the average provincial accuracy reaches 91%. The developed predictive and early warning capabilities support the Third Strategic Approach of the WHO EMRO Malaria Control and Elimination Plan.
C1 [Kiang, R. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Change Data Ctr, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Safi, N.] Natl Malaria & Leishmaniasis Control Programme, Afghan Ministry Publ Hlth, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
[Safi, N.] Wyle Informat Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
[Soebiyanto, R. P.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Martin, TN USA.
RP Kiang, RK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Change Data Ctr, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM safinajibullah2000@yahoo.com; farida.adimi@nasa.gov;
radina.soebiyanto@nasa.gov; richard.kiang@nasa.gov
FU NASA Applied Sciences Public Health Program
FX This study is supported by NASA Applied Sciences Public Health Program
(http://nasascience.nasa.gov/earthscience/ applied-sciences).
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 339
EP 342
PN 8
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BB2NN
UT WOS:000341930000077
ER
PT S
AU Foster, J
Skofronick-Jackson, G
Meng, H
Riggs, G
Johnson, B
Wang, J
Hall, D
Nghiem, S
AF Foster, James
Skofronick-Jackson, Gail
Meng, Huan
Riggs, George
Johnson, Ben
Wang, Jim
Hall, Dorothy
Nghiem, Son
BE Kajiwara, K
Muramatsu, K
Soyama, N
Endo, T
Ono, A
Akatsuka, S
TI PASSIVE MICROWAVE OBSERVATIONS OF THE HISTORIC FEBRUARY 2010 SNOW STORMS
IN THE BALTIMORE/WASHINGTON DC AREA
SO NETWORKING THE WORLD WITH REMOTE SENSING
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Symposium on Networking the World with Remote Sensing of
ISPRS-Technical-Commission
CY AUG 09-12, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP ISPRS Tech Commiss
DE snowfall; historical; microwave; AMSR-E; AMSU-B
ID ALGORITHM; MODEL
AB The unprecedented snowfall during early February 2010 in the Baltimore/Washington area provided a unique opportunity to map, monitor and measure snowfall, snow cover extent, snow water equivalent (SWE), and snow melt using a suite of remote sensing instruments. Because snow cover in the Middle Atlantic area is in most years patchy and a true multi-layered snow pack is rarely established, utilizing a remote sensing approach to observe snow parameters is more challenging than in regions where falling snow and snow packs are more reliable. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) and Scanning Microwave/Instrument (SSM/I) data were used to assess SWE and the onset of melt. For this investigation, the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) images were employed to detect falling snow. Snowfall observations and retrievals show that indeed falling snow signatures can be seen in high frequency brightness temperatures. Detection of falling snow is performed operationally, while retrieving falling snow rates is a new area of scientific research and still requires additional investigation. However, it is encouraging that, in general, where falling snow is occurring, on the surface below, snow cover is present.
Pixels that are mixed with water seriously compromise the efficacy of snow pack observing sensors operating in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Chesapeake Bay and its wide mouthed, tidewater tributaries thus negatively impacts efforts to derive SWE and snowmelt. Furthermore, the average daytime maximum temperatures in this region are well above freezing, and on occasion even the daily minimum temperatures may remain above 0 degrees C, confounding the passive microwave algorithms used to derive SWE, which assume dry snowpack conditions. Although the passive microwave signatures illustrated in this study are clearly related to snow, it's not straightforward whether or not the signatures are due to variations in SWE or to snowpack metamorphism or to a combination of both.
C1 [Foster, James; Skofronick-Jackson, Gail; Riggs, George; Johnson, Ben; Wang, Jim; Hall, Dorothy] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Proc Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Meng, Huan] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hall, Dorothy; Nghiem, Son] Jet Prop Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Foster, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Proc Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Johnson, Benjamin/E-8557-2015
OI Johnson, Benjamin/0000-0003-3444-9669
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 361
EP 365
PN 8
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BB2NN
UT WOS:000341930000082
ER
PT S
AU Lin, II
Pun, IF
Liu, WT
Wu, CC
Ko, DS
AF Lin, I-I
Pun, Iam-Fei
Liu, W. Timothy
Wu, Chun-Chieh
Ko, Dong-San
BE Kajiwara, K
Muramatsu, K
Soyama, N
Endo, T
Ono, A
Akatsuka, S
TI Upper Ocean Thermal Structure, Rapid Intensification, and Supercyclones
Satellite Observations and Numerical Simulations
SO NETWORKING THE WORLD WITH REMOTE SENSING
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Symposium on Networking the World with Remote Sensing of
ISPRS-Technical-Commission
CY AUG 09-12, 2010
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP ISPRS Tech Commiss
C1 [Lin, I-I; Pun, Iam-Fei; Wu, Chun-Chieh] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Liu, W. Timothy; Ko, Dong-San] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Lin, II (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
EM iilin@as.ntu.edu.tw
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 985
EP 985
PN 8
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BB2NN
UT WOS:000341930000209
ER
PT J
AU Blaksley, C
Bonamente, M
AF Blaksley, Carl
Bonamente, Massimiliano
TI Dark matter and modified Newtonian dynamics in a sample of high-redshift
galaxy clusters observed with Chandra
SO NEW ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxies: clusters: general; Cosmology: dark matter
ID X-RAY MEASUREMENTS; CONSTANT; GAS
AB We compare the measurement of the gravitational mass of 38 high-redshift galaxy clusters observed by Chandra using Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and standard Newtonian gravity. Our analysis confirms earlier findings that MOND cannot explain the difference between the baryonic mass and the total mass inferred from the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. We also find that the baryon fraction at r(2500) using MOND is consistent with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) value of Omega(B)/Omega(M). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Blaksley, Carl; Bonamente, Massimiliano] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Bonamente, Massimiliano] NASA, Natl Space & Sci Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Blaksley, Carl] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Arnold Sommerfeld Ctr Theoret Phys, Munich, Germany.
RP Bonamente, M (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
EM bonamem@uah.edu
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1384-1076
J9 NEW ASTRON
JI New Astron.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 159
EP 169
DI 10.1016/j.newast.2009.07.004
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 504SP
UT WOS:000270638000023
ER
PT B
AU Deen, CP
AF Deen, Casey P.
BE Stanford, LM
Green, JD
Hao, L
Mao, Y
TI Investigating Inner Disk Lifetimes in Ophiuchus
SO NEW HORIZONS IN ASTRONOMY: FRANK N BASH SYMPOSIUM 2009
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Frank N Bash Symposium on New Horizons in Astronomy
CY OCT 18-20, 2009
CL Univ Texas, Austin, TX
SP McDonald Observ
HO Univ Texas
ID T-TAURI STARS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; CLOUD; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION;
CLUSTER
AB The Ophiuchus cloud is an ideal laboratory in which to study the process of star and planet formation, as it is one of the youngest (similar to 0.5 - 3 Myr) and closest (120 pc) regions actively forming stars. We present results of a magnitude limited near IR spectroscopic survey of the L1688 core. Using medium resolution (R similar to 2000) 0.8 - 2.4 mu m spectra, we characterize the photospheres in our sample, in anticipation of studying how the properties of the disks around these objects evolve with age. Our study uses medium resolution near IR, spectra to determine spectral types independent of reddening and veiling in a consistent way for class II and class III objects. By examining K-band spectra, we measure K-band veilings and accretion luminosities. We find a large overlap in the positions of the class II and class III objects in the HR Diagram. We also find that K-band veiling correlates with accretion luminosity, suggesting that UV photons from the accretion luminosity can increase the surface area of hot dust in the disk which emits at near IR wavelengths.
C1 [Deen, Casey P.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Deen, CP (reprint author), NASA, Infrared Telescope Facil, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-744-5
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 432
BP 192
EP 196
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUN19
UT WOS:000289818500014
ER
PT S
AU Rossow, CC
Swanson, RC
AF Rossow, C. -C.
Swanson, R. C.
BE Dillman, A
Heller, G
Klaas, M
Kreplin, HP
Nitsche, W
Schroder, W
TI Efficient Flow Computation Including Turbulent Transport
SO NEW RESULTS IN NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FLUID MECHANICS VII
SE Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th DGLR/STAB Symposium
CY NOV 03-04, 2008
CL Eurogress Aachen, Aachen, GERMANY
HO Eurogress Aachen
ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; CONVERGENCE ACCELERATION; SCHEMES
AB Runge-Kutta/Implicit methods for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations provide superior convergence rates, especially when combined with a multigrid framework. In previous investigations 17,8,101, the algebraic model of Baldwin and Lomax [1] was employed as turbulence model. In the present contribution, this model is replaced by the model of Spalart and Allmaras [9], where an additional partial differential equation has to be solved. The design of an appropriate solution strategy to solve this additional equation and account for the necessary coupling to the system of main flow equations to maintain the favorable convergence rates of the basic scheme are outlined and discussed. Different cases of turbulent subsonic and transonic flow around airfoils are considered to assess the convergence properties of the resulting algorithm. Comparison with results of previous investigations confirms that the high efficiency of the basic Runge-Kutta/Implicit method is not impaired when adding an equation for turbulent transport.
C1 [Rossow, C. -C.] DLR, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungstech, Lilienthalpl 7, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Swanson, R. C.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Rossow, CC (reprint author), DLR, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungstech, Lilienthalpl 7, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany.
EM cord.rossow@dlr.de; r.c.swanson@nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1612-2909
BN 978-3-642-14242-0
J9 NOTES NUMER FLUID ME
PY 2010
VL 112
BP 91
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-14243-7_12
PG 2
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics,
Mathematical
SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics
GA BUR87
UT WOS:000290183500012
ER
PT B
AU Wang, Y
Hartley, TT
Lorenzo, CF
Adams, JL
Carletta, JE
Veillette, RJ
AF Wang, Yang
Hartley, Tom T.
Lorenzo, Carl F.
Adams, Jay L.
Carletta, Joan E.
Veillette, Robert J.
BE Baleanu, D
Guvenc, ZB
Machado, JAT
TI Modeling Ultracapacitors as Fractional-Order Systems
SO NEW TRENDS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY AND FRACTIONAL CALCULUS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshops on New Trends in Science and Technology (NTST
08)/ Fractional Differentiation and its Applications (FDA08)
CY NOV, 2008
CL Cankaya Univ, Ankara, TURKEY
SP Cankaya Univ, TUBITAK, IFAC
HO Cankaya Univ
ID BEHAVIOR
AB Ultracapacitors display long-term transients lasting for many months. This paper shows that these long-term transients can be accurately represented using a fractional-order system model for the ultracapacitor impedance. Time-domain data is used to determine the impedance transfer-function coefficients. A circuit realization for the ultracapacitor is given which explicitly shows the fractional-order component. These long-term transient models will allow the development of improved ultracapacitor management systems.
C1 [Wang, Yang; Hartley, Tom T.; Adams, Jay L.; Carletta, Joan E.; Veillette, Robert J.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Lorenzo, Carl F.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Hartley, TT (reprint author), Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM yw24@uakron.edu; thartley@uakron.edu; carl.f.lorenzo@grc.nasa.gov;
jla36@uakron.edu; carlett@uakron.edu; veillette@uakron.edu
RI Tenreiro Machado, J. A./M-2173-2013
OI Tenreiro Machado, J. A./0000-0003-4274-4879
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-3292-8
PY 2010
BP 257
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3293-5_21
PG 2
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Mathematics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Mathematics
GA BRE20
UT WOS:000282473500021
ER
PT S
AU Chembo, YK
Yu, N
AF Chembo, Yanne K.
Yu, Nan
BE Powers, PE
TI Modeling of optical frequency comb generation in whispering gallery mode
resonators and limiting effects
SO NONLINEAR FREQUENCY GENERATION AND CONVERSION: MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND
APPLICATIONS IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion - Materials,
Devices, and Applications IX
CY JAN 25-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Optical frequency combs; Kerr nonlinear media; monolithic resonators;
whispering gallery modes
ID MICROWAVE-OSCILLATORS; CALCIUM-FLUORIDE; NOBEL LECTURE; MICROSPHERES
AB We report a detailed study about the various physical mechanisms that may limit the spectral span of optical frequency combs generated with whispering gallery mode resonators. We developed a modal expansion model able to track the individual dynamics of the various modes, and identify the key parameters determining the comb spectral features. We show that, although the walk-off between the dispersive WGM eigenfrequency distribution and the ideal equidistant comb is the main limiting factor, other phenomena such as modal confinement, material absorption, and modal overlap may also play an important role in extending the comb span.
C1 [Chembo, Yanne K.; Yu, Nan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Chembo, YK (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM yanne.chembo@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7978-5
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7582
AR 758209
DI 10.1117/12.842752
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BSM46
UT WOS:000284935000007
ER
PT J
AU Tsurutani, BT
Lakhina, GS
Verkhoglyadova, OP
Echer, E
Guarnieri, FL
AF Tsurutani, B. T.
Lakhina, G. S.
Verkhoglyadova, O. P.
Echer, E.
Guarnieri, F. L.
TI Magnetic Decreases (MDs) and mirror modes: two different plasma beta
changing mechanisms
SO NONLINEAR PROCESSES IN GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR ALFVEN WAVES; SOLAR-WIND PLASMA; INTERPLANETARY SPACE; ULYSSES
OBSERVATIONS; HYDROMAGNETIC-WAVES; HOLES; DISCONTINUITIES;
INSTABILITIES; FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERE
AB We discuss two different physical processes that create localized high beta plasma regions. One is nonlinear wave-steepening, generating magnetic decreases (MDs) by a ponderomotive force. The other is the mirror instability generating alternating high and low beta plasma regions. It is demonstrated that MDs and mirror modes are observationally quite different structures. MDs spatially occur in interplanetary space and mirror modes primarily in planetary magnetosheaths. MDs are characterized by: 1) variable (exponentially decreasing number with increasing) angular changes, 2) variable (exponentially decreasing) thicknesses, and 3) no characteristic inter-event spacings. In sharp contrast, mirror modes are characterized by: 1) little or no angular changes across the structures, 2) a characteristic scale size, and 3) are quasiperiodic in nature.
Arguments are presented for the recently observed magnetic dips in the heliosheath being mirror mode structures. The sources of free energy for instability are discussed. Both structures are important for energetic particle transport in astrophysical and heliospheric plasmas.
C1 [Tsurutani, B. T.; Verkhoglyadova, O. P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Tsurutani, B. T.] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geophys & Extraterrestr Phys, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Lakhina, G. S.] Indian Inst Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, India.
[Verkhoglyadova, O. P.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Echer, E.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12201 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Guarnieri, F. L.] Univ Vale Paraiba, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
RP Tsurutani, BT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM bruce.tsurutani@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Lakhina, Gurbax /C-9295-2012
FU FAPESP [2007/5233-1]; CNPq [300211/2008-2]; Indian National Science
Academy New Delhi
FX Portions of this work were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA. EE would
like to acknowledge support from FAPESP contract 2007/5233-1 and CNPq
contract 300211/2008-2. GSL thanks the Indian National Science Academy
New Delhi for support under the Senior Science Scheme. BTT would like to
thank the Tech. Univ. Braunschweig for their kind support during his
sabbatical leave at that institution.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1023-5809
J9 NONLINEAR PROC GEOPH
JI Nonlinear Process Geophys.
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 5
BP 467
EP 479
DI 10.5194/npg-17-467-2010
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 673LP
UT WOS:000283664500009
ER
PT J
AU Nemeth, NN
Bratton, RL
AF Nemeth, Noel N.
Bratton, Robert L.
TI Overview of statistical models of fracture for nonirradiated
nuclear-graphite components
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Review
ID SILICON-CARBIDE MICROSPECIMENS; BUNDLES PROBABILITY MODEL; R-CURVE
BEHAVIOR; FIBROUS COMPOSITES; BRITTLE MATERIALS; POLYGRANULAR GRAPHITES;
STRENGTH VARIABILITY; ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; RELIABILITY-ANALYSIS;
PERCOLATION MODELS
AB Nuclear-grade (low-impurity) graphite for the fuel element and moderator material for Next Generation (Gen IV) Reactors displays large scatter in strength and a nonlinear stress-strain response from damage accumulation. This response can be characterized as quasi-brittle. In this review, relevant statistical failure models for various brittle and quasi-brittle material systems are discussed with regard to strength distribution, size effect, multiaxial strength, and damage accumulation. This includes descriptions of the Weibull. Batdorf, and Burchell models as well as models that describe the strength response of composite materials, which involves distributed damage. Results from lattice simulations are included for a physics-based description of material breakdown. Consideration is given to the predicted transition between brittle and quasi-brittle damage behavior versus the density of damage (level of disorder) within the material system. The literature indicates that weakest-link-based failure modeling approaches appear to be reasonably robust in that they can be applied to materials that display distributed damage, provided that the level of disorder in the material is not too large. The Weibull distribution is argued to be the most appropriate statistical distribution to model the stochastic strength response of graphite. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nemeth, Noel N.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
[Bratton, Robert L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Nemeth, NN (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
EM Noel.N.Nemeth@nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [SAA3-824]; Battelle
Memorial Institute [SAA3-824]; Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC with the
U.S. Department of Energy. [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX Notice for Copyrighted Information: This manuscript is a joint work of
employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and
employees of Battelle Memorial Institute (under contract to Idaho
National Laboratory) under Space Act Agreement SAA3-824 with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The United States
Government may prepare derivative works, publish or reproduce this
manuscript, and allow other to do so. Any publisher accepting this
manuscript for publication acknowledges that the United States
Government retains a nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license to
prepare derivative works, publish or reproduce the published form of
this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government
purposes.; The authors thank Prof. Phoenix and Dr. Nukala for providing
helpful correspondence and publications of their research and Andrew
Walker for assistance in preparing this manuscript. This manuscript was
funded by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC, under contract no.
DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 168
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 240
IS 1
BP 1
EP 29
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2009.10.002
PG 29
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 547IC
UT WOS:000273879500001
ER
PT B
AU Zhou, DZ
AF Zhou, Dazhuang
BE Sidorov, M
Ivanov, O
TI METHODS USING CR-39 PLASTIC NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS IN RADIATION
RESEARCH
SO NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS: DESIGN, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
SE Electrical Engineering Developments
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LOW-EARTH-ORBIT; HIGH-LET RADIATION; COSMIC-RAY NUCLEI;
INTERNATIONAL-SPACE-STATION; IN-FLIGHT MEASUREMENTS; CIVIL AIR CREW;
AIRCRAFT ALTITUDES; DIFFERENT DOSIMETERS; DOSE-EQUIVALENT; AVIATION
ALTITUDES
AB CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) are considered to be the most useful nuclear track detectors for high LET (Linear Energy Transfer) radiation research. When charged particles pass through CR-39 detector, they break the molecular bonds of the CR-39 polymer to form highly reactive paths along their trajectories. These paths can be revealed as etched cones in the CR-39 detector by chemical etch. CR-39 PNTDs can detect heavy charged particles directly and detect neutrons as well as high energy protons through their secondary heavy charged particles produced in the CR-39 and surrounding materials.
CR-39 is sensitive to high LET particles (>= 5 keV/mu m water) and can measure LET spectra and radiation quantities for complicated radiation fields. The LET calibration of CR-39 detectors can be achieved using heavy ions and protons generated by accelerators. The sensitivity fading of CR-39 detectors during long term exposure exists and can be corrected with a formula based on experimental data.
The LET spectrum method and charge spectrum method using CR-39 PNTDs are widely employed in radiation research. Since the 1990s they have been used to measure radiation exposure for aircraft crew and astronauts and to monitor radiation inside the STS (Space Transportation System) space craft and the ISS (International Space Station).
This chapter summarizes the methods and applications using CR-39 detectors and presents some updated results. Part 1 is the introduction; part 2 covers the main aspects of CR-39 PNTDs; part 3 introduces the method for determining LET spectra; part 4 describes the method for determining charge spectra; part 5 deals with the correction for the fading of CR-39 sensitivity; part 6 covers topics of LET spectra and radiation quantities measured at aviation altitudes; part 7 deals with LET spectra and radiation quantities measured in low Earth orbit (LEO); part 8 presents the charge spectra of cosmic rays measured in LEO and part 9 discusses an application of LET spectrum measured with CR-39 detectors in the areas of radiation risk estimation.
C1 [Zhou, Dazhuang] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Zhou, Dazhuang] Univ Space Res Assoc, Houston, TX USA.
RP Zhou, DZ (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
NR 170
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60876-826-4
J9 ELECTR ENG DEV
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 106
PG 106
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BPD26
UT WOS:000278554400001
ER
PT B
AU Zhou, DZ
AF Zhou, Dazhuang
BE Sidorov, M
Ivanov, O
TI ON METHODS USING CR-39 PLASTIC NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS (PNTDs) IN
PHYSICS RESEARCH
SO NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS: DESIGN, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
SE Electrical Engineering Developments
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Zhou, Dazhuang] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Zhou, Dazhuang] Univ Space Res Assoc, Houston, TX USA.
RP Zhou, DZ (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60876-826-4
J9 ELECTR ENG DEV
PY 2010
BP 257
EP 264
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BPD26
UT WOS:000278554400011
ER
PT S
AU Barth, TJ
AF Barth, Timothy J.
BA Simos, TE
BF Simos, TE
BE Psihoyios, G
Tsitouras, C
TI Exploiting Properties of Entropy Symmetrization Variables to Simplify
the Software Implementation of the Discontinuous Galerkin Method for
Conservation Laws
SO NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS, VOLS I-III
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics
CY SEP 19-25, 2010
CL Rhodes, GREECE
SP European Soc Comp Methods Sci & Engn
DE Discontinuous Galerkin; Numerical Flux Functions; Entropy Variables;
Finite Element Methods
ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS
AB A mathematical construction is presented that simplifies the calculation of upwind numerical fluxes in the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method when entropy symmetrization variables are used. The construction obviates the need for the explicit calculation of left eigenvectors of the flux Jacobian matrices that usually appear in the calculation of upwind fluxes.
This construction has been implemented in a finite element software library for general systems of conservation laws. The library is used in the software development of a general space-time discontinuous Galerkin method for compressible flow. This implementation permits both the primal analysis of compressible fluid flow as well as dual analysis for use in a posteriori error analysis and adaptive error control. Primal and dual computations of compressible flow are presented to demonstrate actual applications of the library.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Barth, TJ (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0834-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1281
BP 770
EP 773
DI 10.1063/1.3498597
PG 4
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Engineering; Mathematics; Physics
GA BUK49
UT WOS:000289661500203
ER
PT B
AU Usmanov, AV
Goldstein, ML
AF Usmanov, Arcadi V.
Goldstein, Melvyn L.
BE Pogorelov, NV
Audit, E
Zank, GP
TI Alfvenic Turbulence Simulation in a Realistic Solar Wind
SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS ASTRONUM-2009
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Numberical Modeling of Space Plasma
Flows Astronum 2009
CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 2009
CL Congress Ctr Majestic, Chamonix, FRANCE
HO Congress Ctr Majestic
ID FLUCTUATIONS; EVOLUTION; WAVES; FLOWS; MODEL
AB We present initial results from a new numerical model to simulate magnetohydrodynamic (MUD) turbulence in the solar wind above the Alfvenic critical point. Previously, we had defined a "virtual" heliosphere that contained a tilted rotating current sheet, microstreams, as well as Alfven waves (Goldstein et al. 1999). In this new restructured approach, we use the global, time-stationary, WKB Alfven wave-driven solar wind model (Usmanov & Goldstein 2003) to define the initial state of the system. Consequently, current sheets, and fast and slow streams are computed self-consistently from an inner photospheric boundary. To this steady-state configuration, we add fluctuations close to, but above, the surface where the flow becomes super-Alfvenic. The time-dependent MHD equations are then solved using a semi-discrete third-order Central Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (CWENO) numerical scheme in the frame of reference corotating with the Sun. The computational domain now includes the entire sphere; the geometrical singularity at the poles is removed using the multiple grid approach described in Usmanov (1996). Wave packets are introduced at the inner boundary such as to satisfy Faraday's Law (Yeh & Dryer 1985) and their nonlinear evolution is followed in time.
C1 [Usmanov, Arcadi V.; Goldstein, Melvyn L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Usmanov, AV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 673, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RI Goldstein, Melvyn/B-1724-2008; Usmanov, Arcadi/A-9860-2013
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-738-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 429
BP 51
EP 56
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR17
UT WOS:000287839100009
ER
PT B
AU Toth, G
Glocer, A
Ma, YJ
Najib, D
Gombosi, T
AF Toth, Gabor
Glocer, Alex
Ma, Yingjuan
Najib, Dalal
Gombosi, Tamas
BE Pogorelov, NV
Audit, E
Zank, GP
TI Multi-Ion Magnetohydrodynamics
SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS ASTRONUM-2009
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows
Astronum 2009
CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 2009
CL Congress Ctr Majestic, Chamonix, FRANCE
HO Congress Ctr Majestic
AB We derive and numerically solve the full set of magnetohydrodynamic equations with multiple ion fluids. The numerical difficulties and the algorithmic solutions are discussed. We show some preliminary results for the interaction of Mars' ionosphere with the solar wind.
C1 [Toth, Gabor; Najib, Dalal; Gombosi, Tamas] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Ma, Yingjuan] UCLA, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Glocer, Alex] GSFC, NASA, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Toth, G (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RI Gombosi, Tamas/G-4238-2011; Glocer, Alex/C-9512-2012; Toth,
Gabor/B-7977-2013
OI Gombosi, Tamas/0000-0001-9360-4951; Glocer, Alex/0000-0001-9843-9094;
Toth, Gabor/0000-0002-5654-9823
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-738-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 429
BP 213
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR17
UT WOS:000287839100033
ER
PT S
AU Hall, JR
Ibrahim, K
Klaus, TC
Cote, MT
Middour, C
Haas, MR
Dotson, JL
Stroozas, B
Wu, M
Sommers, J
Bhavsar, P
AF Hall, Jennifer R.
Ibrahim, Khadeejah
Klaus, Todd C.
Cote, Miles T.
Middour, Christopher
Haas, Michael R.
Dotson, Jessie L.
Stroozas, Brett
Wu, Michael
Sommers, Jeneen
Bhavsar, Paresh
BE Silva, DR
Peck, AB
Soifer, BT
TI Kepler Science Operations Processes, Procedures, and Tools
SO OBSERVATORY OPERATIONS: STRATEGIES, PROCESSES, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems
III
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; science operations; operational processes; workflows; pipeline
AB The Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) is responsible for the configuration and management of the SOC Science Processing Pipeline, processing of the science data, distributing data and reports to the Science Office, exporting processed data for archiving to the Data Management Center at the Space Telescope Science Institute, and generation and management of the target and aperture definitions. We present an overview of the SOC procedures and workflows for the data the SOC manages and processes. There are several levels of reviews, approvals, and processing for the various types of data. We describe the process flow from data receipt through data processing and export, as well as the procedures in place for accomplishing the tasks. The tools used to accomplish the goals of Kepler science operations will be presented and discussed as well. These include command-line tools and graphical user interfaces, as well as commercial products. The tools provide a wide range of functionality for the SOC including pipeline operation, configuration management, and process workflow implementation. For a demonstration of the Kepler Science Operations Center's processes, procedures, and tools, we present the life of a quarter's worth of data, from target and aperture table generation through archiving the data collected with those tables.
C1 [Hall, Jennifer R.; Ibrahim, Khadeejah; Klaus, Todd C.; Middour, Christopher; Sommers, Jeneen] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Orbital Sci Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Hall, JR (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Orbital Sci Corp, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM jennifer.hall@nasa.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-227-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7737
AR 77370H
DI 10.1117/12.856807
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU48
UT WOS:000285827700010
ER
PT J
AU Canuto, VM
Howard, AM
Cheng, Y
Muller, CJ
Leboissetier, A
Jayne, SR
AF Canuto, V. M.
Howard, A. M.
Cheng, Y.
Muller, C. J.
Leboissetier, A.
Jayne, S. R.
TI Ocean turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Turbulence; Tides; Double diffusion; Mixing; OGCM
ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; TRACER-RELEASE EXPERIMENT; STABLY STRATIFIED
FLOWS; DEEP-OCEAN; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLOSURE-MODEL; SALT
FINGERS; PART I; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
AB We have found a new way to express the solutions of the RSM (Reynolds Stress Model) equations that allows us to present the turbulent diffusivities for heat, salt and momentum in a way that is considerably simpler and thus easier to implement than in previous work. The RSM provides the dimensionless mixing efficiencies Gamma(alpha) (alpha stands for heat, salt and momentum). However, to compute the diffusivities, one needs additional information, specifically, the dissipation epsilon. Since a dynamic equation for the latter that includes the physical processes relevant to the ocean is still not available, one must resort to different sources of information outside the RSM to obtain a complete Mixing Scheme usable in OGCMs.
As for the RSM results, we show that the Gamma(alpha)'s are functions of both Ri and R(rho) (Richardson number and density ratio representing double diffusion, DD); the Gamma(alpha) are different for heat, salt and momentum; in the case of heat, the traditional value Gamma(h) = 0.2 is valid only in the presence of strong shear (when DD is inoperative) while when shear subsides, NATRE data show that rh can be three times as large, a result that we reproduce. The salt Gamma(s) is given in terms of Gamma(h). The momentum Gamma(m) has thus far been guessed with different prescriptions while the RSM provides a well defined expression for Gamma(m)(Ri,R(rho)). Having tested Gamma(h), we then test the momentum Gamma(m) by showing that the turbulent Prandtl number Gamma(m)/Gamma(h) vs. Ri reproduces the available data quite well.
As for the dissipation epsilon, we use different representations, one for the mixed layer (ML), one for the thermocline and one for the ocean's bottom. For the ML, we adopt a procedure analogous to the one successfully used in PB (planetary boundary layer) studies; for the thermocline, we employ an expression for the variable epsilon N(-2) from studies of the internal gravity waves spectra which includes a latitude dependence; for the ocean bottom, we adopt the enhanced bottom diffusivity expression used by previous authors but with a state of the art internal tidal energy formulation and replace the fixed Gamma(alpha) = 0.2 with the RSM result that brings into the problem the Ri, R(rho) dependence of the Gamma(alpha); the unresolved bottom drag, which has thus far been either ignored or modeled with heuristic relations, is modeled using a formalism we previously developed and tested in PBL studies.
We carried out several tests without an OGCM. Prandtl and flux Richardson numbers vs. Ri. The RSM model reproduces both types of data satisfactorily. DD and Mixing efficiency Gamma(h)(Ri,R(rho)). The RSM model reproduces well the NATRE data. Bimodal epsilon-distribution. NATRE data show that epsilon(Ri < 1) approximate to 10 epsilon(Ri > 1), which our model reproduces. Heat to salt flux ratio. In the Ri >> 1 regime, the RSM predictions reproduce the data satisfactorily. NATRE mass diffusivity. The z-profile of the mass diffusivity reproduces well the measurements at NATRE. The local form of the mixing scheme is algebraic with one cubic equation to solve. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Canuto, V. M.; Howard, A. M.; Cheng, Y.; Leboissetier, A.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Canuto, V. M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Howard, A. M.] CUNY, Medgar Evers Coll, Dept Phys Environm & Comp Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11225 USA.
[Cheng, Y.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Muller, C. J.; Leboissetier, A.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Jayne, S. R.] WHOI, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Canuto, VM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM vcanuto@giss.nasa.gov
NR 112
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 3-4
BP 70
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 634JV
UT WOS:000280578000002
ER
PT J
AU Losch, M
Menemenlis, D
Campin, JM
Heimbach, P
Hill, C
AF Losch, Martin
Menemenlis, Dimitris
Campin, Jean-Michel
Heimbach, Patick
Hill, Chris
TI On the formulation of sea-ice models. Part 1: Effects of different
solver implementations and parameterizations
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical sea ice modeling; Viscous-plastic rheology; EVP; Coupled ocean
and sea ice model; State estimation; Adjoint modeling; Canadian arctic
archipelago; Sea-ice export; Sensitivities
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; WEDDELL SEA; NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS; OCEAN
CIRCULATION; DYNAMICS; CLIMATE; WATER; REPRESENTATION; SIMULATIONS;
SENSITIVITY
AB This paper describes the sea ice component of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm); it presents example Arctic and Antarctic results from a realistic, eddy-admitting, global ocean and sea ice configuration; and it compares B-grid anti C-grid dynamic solvers and other numerical details of the parameterized dynamics and thermodynamics in a regional Arctic configuration. Ice mechanics follow a viscous-plastic rheology and the ice momentum equations are solved numerically using either line-successive-over-relaxation (LSOR) or elastic-viscous-plastic (EVP) dynamic models. Ice thermodynamics are represented using either a zero-heat-capacity formulation or a two-layer formulation that conserves enthalpy. The model includes prognostic variables for snow thickness and for sea ice salinity. The above sea ice model components were borrowed from current generation climate models but they were reformulated on an Arakawa C grid in order to match the MITgcm oceanic grid and they were modified in many ways to permit efficient and accurate automatic differentiation. Both stress tensor divergence and advective terms are discretized with the finite-volume method. The choice of the dynamic solver has a considerable effect on the solution; this effect can be larger than, for example, the choice of lateral boundary conditions, of ice rheology, and of ice-ocean stress coupling. The solutions obtained with different dynamic solvers typically differ by a few cm s(-1) in ice drift speeds, 50 cm in ice thickness, and order 200 km(3) yr(-1) in freshwater (ice and snow) export out of the Arctic. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Losch, Martin] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Menemenlis, Dimitris] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Campin, Jean-Michel; Heimbach, Patick; Hill, Chris] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Losch, M (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Postfach 120161, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM Martin.Losch@awi.de
RI Heimbach, Patrick/K-3530-2013; Losch, Martin/S-5896-2016
OI Heimbach, Patrick/0000-0003-3925-6161; Losch, Martin/0000-0002-3824-5244
FU NSF [ARC-0804150]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER64592]; NASA [NNGO6GG98G]; National
Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP)
FX We thank Jinlun Zhang for providing the original B-grid code and for
many helpful discussions. M.L. thanks Elizabeth Hunke for multiple
explanations and Sergey Danilov and Rudiger Gerdes for comments on the
manuscript. This work was supported by NSF award ARC-0804150, DOE award
DE-FG02-08ER64592, and NASA award NNGO6GG98G. It is a contribution to
the ECCO2 project sponsored by the NASA Modeling Analysis and Prediction
(MAP) program and to the ECCO-GODAE project sponsored by the National
Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP). Computing resources were
provided by NASA/ARC, NCAR/CSL, and JPL/SVF.
NR 75
TC 93
Z9 99
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1-2
BP 129
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.12.008
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 587JG
UT WOS:000276986700010
ER
PT J
AU Heimbach, P
Menemenlis, D
Losch, M
Campin, JM
Hill, C
AF Heimbach, Patick
Menemenlis, Dimitris
Losch, Martin
Campin, Jean-Michel
Hill, Chris
TI On the formulation of sea-ice models. Part 2: Lessons from multi-year
adjoint sea-ice export sensitivities through the Canadian Arctic
Archipelago
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical sea-ice modeling; Viscous-plastic rheology; Coupled ocean and
sea-ice model; State estimation; Adjoint modeling; Canadian Arctic
Archipelago; Sea-ice export; Sensitivities
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; OCEAN
CIRCULATION; FRESH-WATER; CONSTRUCTION; DYNAMICS; VELOCITY; ATLANTIC;
VOLUME
AB The adjoint of an ocean general circulation model is at the heart of the ocean state estimation system of the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project. As part of an ongoing effort to extend ECCO to a coupled ocean/sea-ice estimation system, a dynamic and thermodynamic sea-ice model has been developed for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). One key requirement is the ability to generate, by means of automatic differentiation (AD), tangent linear (TLM) and adjoint (ADM) model code for the coupled MITgcm ocean/sea-ice system. This second part of a two-part paper describes aspects of the adjoint model. The adjoint ocean and sea-ice model is used to calculate transient sensitivities of solid (ice and snow) freshwater export through Lancaster Sound in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CM). The adjoint state provides a complementary view of the dynamics. In particular, the transient, multi-year sensitivity patterns reflect dominant pathways and propagation timescales through the CAA as resolved by the model, thus shedding light on causal relationships, in the model, across the Archipelago. The computational cost of inferring such causal relationships from forward model diagnostics alone would be prohibitive. The role of the exact model trajectory around which the adjoint is calculated (and therefore of the exactness of the adjoint) is exposed through calculations using free-slip vs no-slip lateral boundary conditions. Effective ice thickness, sea surface temperature, and precipitation sensitivities, are discussed in detail as examples of the coupled sea-ice/ocean and atmospheric forcing control space. To test the reliability of the adjoint, finite-difference perturbation experiments were performed for each of these elements and the cost perturbations were compared to those "predicted" by the adjoint. Overall, remarkable qualitative and quantitative agreement is found. In particular, the adjoint correctly "predicts" a seasonal sign change in precipitation sensitivities. A physical mechanism for this sign change is presented. The availability of the coupled adjoint opens up the prospect for adjoint-based coupled ocean/sea-ice state estimation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Heimbach, Patick; Campin, Jean-Michel; Hill, Chris] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Menemenlis, Dimitris] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Losch, Martin] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
RP Heimbach, P (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM heimbach@mit.edu
RI Heimbach, Patrick/K-3530-2013; Losch, Martin/S-5896-2016
OI Heimbach, Patrick/0000-0003-3925-6161; Losch, Martin/0000-0002-3824-5244
FU NASA; National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP)
FX This work is a contribution to the ECCO2 project sponsored by the NASA
Modeling Analysis and Prediction (MAP) program and to the ECCO-GODAE
project sponsored by the National Oceanographic Partnership Program
(NOPP). DM carried out this work at JPL/Caltech under contract with
NASA. Computing resources were provided by NASA/ARC, NCAR/CSL, and
JPL/SVF. Careful reviews by the two anonymous reviewers significantly
improved the readability of the paper and are gratefully acknowledged.
NR 49
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1-2
BP 145
EP 158
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.02.002
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 587JG
UT WOS:000276986700011
ER
PT J
AU Canuto, VM
Dubovikov, MS
AF Canuto, V. M.
Dubovikov, M. S.
TI Mixed layer sub-mesoscale parameterization - Part 1: Derivation and
assessment
SO OCEAN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN FRONTS; VERTICAL MOTION; TURBULENCE; RESTRATIFICATION; EDDIES;
MODEL; FRONTOGENESIS; SUBDUCTION; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT
AB Several studies have shown that sub-mesoscales (SM similar to 1 km horizontal scale) play an important role in mixed layer dynamics. In particular, high resolution simulations have shown that in the case of strong down-front wind, the re-stratification induced by the SM is of the same order of the de-stratification induced by small scale turbulence, as well as of that induced by the Ekman velocity. These studies have further concluded that it has become necessary to include SM in ocean global circulation models (OGCMs), especially those used in climate studies.
The goal of our work is to derive and assess an analytic parameterization of the vertical tracer flux under baroclinic instabilities and wind of arbitrary directions and strength. To achieve this goal, we have divided the problem into two parts: first, in this work we derive and assess a parameterization of the SM vertical flux of an arbitrary tracer for ocean codes that resolve mesoscales, M, but not sub-mesoscales, SM. In Part 2, presented elsewhere, we have used the results of this work to derive a parameterization of SM fluxes for ocean codes that do not resolve either M or SM.
To carry out the first part of our work, we solve the SM dynamic equations including the non-linear terms for which we employ a closure developed and assessed in previous work. We present a detailed analysis for down-front and up-front winds with the following results:
(a) down-front wind (blowing in the direction of the surface geostrophic velocity) is the most favorable condition for generating vigorous SM eddies; the de-stratifying effect of the mean flow and re-stratifying effect of SM almost cancel each other out,
(b) in the up-front wind case (blowing in the direction opposite to the surface geostrophic velocity), strong winds prevents the SM generation while weak winds hinder the process but the eddies amplify the re-stratifying effect of the mean velocity,
(c) wind orthogonal to the geostrophic velocity. In this case, which was not considered in numerical simulations, we show that when the wind direction coincides with that of the horizontal buoyancy gradient, SM eddies are generated and their re-stratifying effect partly cancels the de-stratifying effect of the mean velocity. The case when wind direction is opposite to that of the horizontal buoyancy gradient, is analogous to the case of up-front winds.
In conclusion, the new multifaceted implications on the mixed layer stratification caused by the interplay of both strength and directions of the wind in relation to the buoyancy gradient disclosed by high resolution simulations have been reproduced by the present model.
The present results can be used in OGCMs that resolve M but not SM.
C1 [Canuto, V. M.; Dubovikov, M. S.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Canuto, V. M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Math & Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Dubovikov, M. S.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Clim Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Canuto, VM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM vcanuto@giss.nasa.gov
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1812-0784
J9 OCEAN SCI
JI Ocean Sci.
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 3
BP 679
EP 693
DI 10.5194/os-6-679-2010
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 645DR
UT WOS:000281431600005
ER
PT B
AU Liu, WT
Xie, XS
Tang, WQ
AF Liu, W. Timothy
Xie, Xiaosu
Tang, Wenqing
BE Barale, V
Gower, JFR
Alberotanza, L
TI Scatterometer's Unique Capability in Measuring Ocean Surface Stress
SO OCEANOGRAPHY FROM SPACE: REVISITED
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WIND STRESS; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; TROPICAL CYCLONES; MODEL FUNCTION;
MOMENTUM FLUX; WATER-VAPOR; KU-BAND; SEA; TEMPERATURE; WAVES
C1 [Liu, W. Timothy; Xie, Xiaosu; Tang, Wenqing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Liu, WT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM w.t.liu@jpl.nasa.gov; xiaosu@pacific.jpl.nasa.gov;
wqt@pacific.jpl.nasa.gov
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-8681-5; 978-90-481-8680-8
PY 2010
BP 93
EP 111
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8681-5_6
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8681-5
PG 19
WC Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA BD5XL
UT WOS:000361884500007
ER
PT B
AU Fu, LL
AF Fu, Lee-Lueng
BE Barale, V
Gower, JFR
Alberotanza, L
TI Determining Ocean Circulation and Sea Level from Satellite Altimetry:
Progress and Challenges
SO OCEANOGRAPHY FROM SPACE: REVISITED
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION; GLOBAL OCEAN; ARGENTINE BASIN; INTERNAL TIDES;
SURFACE HEIGHT; DEEP-OCEAN; VARIABILITY; ENERGY; WIND; TOPEX/POSEIDON
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Fu, LL (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM lee-lueng.fu@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 63
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-8681-5; 978-90-481-8680-8
PY 2010
BP 147
EP 163
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8681-5_9
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8681-5
PG 17
WC Oceanography; Remote Sensing
SC Oceanography; Remote Sensing
GA BD5XL
UT WOS:000361884500010
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, P
Meyyappan, M
Yiu, SC
AF Nguyen, Pho
Meyyappan, M.
Yiu, Samuel C.
TI Applications of Nanobiotechnology in Ophthalmology - Part I
SO OPHTHALMIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB AVASTIN; OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY;
ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; OCULAR DRUG-DELIVERY; FIELD-EFFECT
TRANSISTOR; BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES; RETINAL-PIGMENT
EPITHELIUM; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PHASE-III TRIAL; CHOROIDAL
NEOVASCULARIZATION
AB Much progress has been achieved in the field of nanotechnology and its applications in ophthalmology. It is evident that drug delivery, gene therapy, implantable devices and regenerative medicine are some of the key areas of active research. To the best of our knowledge, there is limited review work on this subject area in the current literature. To assist the interested clinicians and scientists, this bipartite commentary will focus the discussion on emerging researches in nano-ophthalmology and other enabling technologies that soon may be available in the clinician's armamentarium to maintain and restore eye sight. This installment will focus on recent discoveries in drug delivery, gene therapy, imaging and visual prostheses; the second installment will discuss the impact of nanotechnology on artificial environment, cell-nanostructure interaction, other enabling nano-ophthalmic technologies, and safety and biocompatibility of nanostructures. We will take this opportunity to introduce some exciting nano-ophthalmic applications under investigation in our laboratory. The accomplishments by the scientific community are tremendous and the future prospects are wide open. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
C1 [Yiu, Samuel C.] Univ So Calif, Doheny Eye Inst, Ocular Surface Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Nguyen, Pho; Yiu, Samuel C.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Meyyappan, M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ctr Nanotechnol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Yiu, SC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Doheny Eye Inst, Ocular Surface Ctr, 1450 San Pablo St,DEI 5704, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
EM syiu@doheny.org
NR 168
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 17
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0030-3747
J9 OPHTHAL RES
JI Ophthalmic Res.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1159/000279436
PG 16
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 610QD
UT WOS:000278748300001
PM 20130441
ER
PT S
AU Akeson, R
Colavita, M
Millan-Gabet, R
Ragland, S
Wizinowich, P
Woillez, J
AF Akeson, R.
Colavita, M.
Millan-Gabet, R.
Ragland, S.
Wizinowich, P.
Woillez, J.
CA KI Team
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Recent Science Highlights from the Keck Interferometer
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Infrared interferometry; young stellar objects; active galactic nuclei
ID DUST; NUCLEUS
AB The addition of new observational capabilities and continued sensitivity improvements have allowed observations with the Keck Interferometer to encompass new areas of astrophysics and expanded significantly the available sample size in areas which had been the focus of previous work. The technical details of the instrument techniques (including nulling, L-band and increased spectral resolution) are covered in other contributions to this conference. Here, we will highlight the astrophsyics enabled by these instruments including: a summary of the NASA Exo-zodical Dust Survey Key Project, observations across a range of dust temperatures with K and L-band measurements and faint target studies of active galactic nuclei and young stellar disks.
C1 [Akeson, R.; Millan-Gabet, R.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Akeson, R (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM rla@ipac.caltech.edu
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340C
DI 10.1117/12.856494
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400010
ER
PT S
AU Alvarez-Salazar, OS
AF Alvarez-Salazar, Oscar S.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI On-Orbit Dynamics & Controls System Architecture for SIM-Lite
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB The dynamic stability of white light fringes formed on the guide and science interferometers in SIM-Lite along with the pointing stability of each arm of each interferometer affect the visibility of fringes and the length of the fringe camera integration time for the observatory. Hence, tight fringe and pointing stability requirements are needed to reduce science interferometer camera integration times, which in turn help increase the all important instrument's observing efficiency. The SIM-Lite Instrument Dynamics and Controls (D&C) System Architecture deals with such dynamic issues through a "tailored" system dynamics design complemented by a comprehensive active control system. The SIM-Lite on-orbit System architecture is described in this paper. Key roles played by the resulting D&C System are also established, while the system design is clearly linked to the four nominal phases of on-orbit operations for the observatory (Tile to Tile slew & settling, guide star acquisition, science observation, & science interferometer retargeting). Top driving requirements dictating system interferometric-baseline stability and repeatability, instrument pointing stability, and fringe stability are discussed here together with the resulting high level Error Budget. Key system sensitivities and currently known D&C related design challenges are also discussed.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Alvarez-Salazar, OS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM osas@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341I
DI 10.1117/12.856505
PN I & II
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400044
ER
PT S
AU Colavita, MM
Serabyn, E
Ragland, S
Millan-Gabet, R
Akeson, RL
AF Colavita, M. M.
Serabyn, E.
Ragland, S.
Millan-Gabet, R.
Akeson, R. L.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Keck Interferometer nuller instrument performance
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Interferometry; Nulling; Keck; Exozodiacal dust
AB The Keck Interferometer combines the two 10 m Keck telescopes as a long baseline interferometer. It is funded by NASA as a joint development among the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the W. M. Keck Observatory, and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. In February 2008, the 10 um nulling mode began a 32 night observing program with three key science teams to perform a survey of nearby stars for exozodiacal dust. This program has recently concluded, and has been followed by nuller observing on a variety of science topics through the standard proposal process. We provide a review and update of the nuller implementation, and describe the data reduction process, including the calibration approach. We then review the technical performance of the instrument based on the full key science data set, including sensitivity and systematic errors. We also provide some summary data on atmospheric effects applicable to the cophasing approach.
C1 [Colavita, M. M.; Serabyn, E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Colavita, MM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340T
DI 10.1117/12.857166
PN I & II
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400023
ER
PT S
AU Danchi, WC
Barry, RK
AF Danchi, W. C.
Barry, R. K.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI The Fourier-Kelvin Stellar Interferometer (FKSI) - Infrared Detection
and Characterization of Exozodiacal Dust to Super-Earths: A Progress
Report
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Direct detection of exoplanets; debris disk; dust disk; super-Earth;
nulling interferometry; stellar interferometry
AB The Fourier-Kelvin Stellar Interferometer (FKSI) is a structurally connected infrared space interferometer with 0.5 m diameter telescopes on a 12.5 m baseline, and is passively cooled to similar to 60K. The FKSI operates in the thermal infrared from 3-8 mu m in a nulling (starlight suppressing) mode for the detection and characterization of exoplanets, debris disks, and extrasolar zodiacal dust levels. The FKSI will have the highest angular resolution of any infrared space instrument ever made with its nominal resolution of 40 mas at a 5 mu m center wavelength. This resolution exceeds that of Spitzer by a factor of 38 and JWST by a factor of 5. The FKSI mission is conceived as a "probe class" or "mid-sized" strategic mission that utilizes technology advances from flagship projects like JWST, SIM, Spitzer, and the technology programs of TPF-I/Darwin. During the past year we began investigating an enhanced version of FKSI with 1-2 m diameter telescopes, passively cooled to 40K, on a 20-m baseline, with a sunshade giving a +/- 45 degree Field-of-Regard. This enhanced design is capable of detecting and characterizing the atmospheres of many 2 Earth-radius super-Earths and a few Earth-twins. We will report progress on the design of the enhanced mission concept and current status of the technologies needed for this mission.
C1 [Danchi, W. C.; Barry, R. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Danchi, WC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340M
DI 10.1117/12.858129
PN I & II
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400018
ER
PT S
AU Dekens, FG
Goullioud, R
Nicaise, F
Kuan, G
Morales, M
AF Dekens, Frank G.
Goullioud, Renaud
Nicaise, Fabien
Kuan, Gary
Morales, Mauricio
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Lite: Ground Alignment of the Instrument
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB We present the start of the ground alignment plan for the SIM Lite Instrument. We outline the integration and alignment of the individual benches on which all the optics are mounted, and then the alignment of the benches to form the Science and Guide interferometers. The Instrument has a guide interferometer with only a 40 arc-seconds field of regard, and 200 arc-seconds of alignment adjustability. This requires each sides of the interferometer to be aligned to a fraction of that, while at the same time be orthogonal to the baseline defined by the External Metrology Truss. The baselines of the Science and Guide interferometers must also be aligned to be parallel.
The start of these alignment plans is captured in a SysML(1) Instrument System model, in the form of activity diagrams. These activity diagrams are then related to the hardware design and requirements. We finish with future plans for the alignment and integration activities and requirements.
C1 [Dekens, Frank G.; Goullioud, Renaud; Nicaise, Fabien; Kuan, Gary; Morales, Mauricio] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Dekens, FG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM fdekens@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341K
DI 10.1117/12.857183
PN I & II
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400046
ER
PT S
AU Erlig, H
Qiu, YM
Poberezhskiy, I
Meras, P
Wu, J
AF Erlig, Hernan
Qiu, Yueming
Poberezhskiy, Ilya
Meras, Patrick
Wu, James
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Reliable optical pump architecture for highly coherent lasers used in
space metrology applications
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE 808nm pumps; diode pumps; beam combining; fiber optic combiners;
reliable optical pumps; NPRO lasers; optical metrology; laser ranging
AB Laser-based metrology has been identified as an enabling technology in the deployment of large, spaceborne observatories, where nanometer-level knowledge of fiducial displacement drives overall system performance. In particular, Nd:YAG NPRO (non-planar ring oscillator) based lasers have received considerable attention in this application because of their inherent high coherence at wavelengths of interest (1064 and 1319nm). However, the use of NPRO based lasers in decade long space missions is limited by typical 800nm-band pump laser diode wearout and random failure rates. Therefore, reliably achieving multi-hundred milliwatt NPRO power over prolonged mission lifetimes requires innovative pump architectures. In this paper we present a pump architecture capable of supporting continuous NPRO operation over 5.5yrs at 300mW with reliability exceeding 99.7%. The proposed architecture relies on a low-loss, high port count, all-fiber optical coupler to combine the outputs of multiple single-mode pump laser diodes. This coupler is capable of meeting the exacting environmental requirements placed by a space mission, such as SIM Lite.
C1 [Erlig, Hernan; Qiu, Yueming; Poberezhskiy, Ilya; Meras, Patrick; Wu, James] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Erlig, H (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77342B
DI 10.1117/12.858180
PN I & II
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400071
ER
PT S
AU Goullioud, R
Dekens, F
Nemati, B
An, X
Hovland, L
AF Goullioud, Renaud
Dekens, Frank
Nemati, Bijan
An, Xin
Hovland, Larry
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory: Engineering risk reduction
activity
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM; Astrometry; Interferometry; Exoplanets; Testbeds
AB The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory is a mission concept for a space-borne instrument to perform micro-arcsecond narrow-angle astrometry to search 60 to 100 nearby stars for Earth-like planets, and to perform global astrometry for a broad astrophysics program. The main enabling technology development for the mission was completed during phases A & B. While the project is waiting for the results of the ASTRO2010 Decadal Survey to proceed into flight implementation, the instrument team is currently converting the developed technology onto flight-ready engineering models. These key engineering tasks will significantly reduce the implementation risks during the flight phases C & D of the mission.
The main optical interferometer components, including the astrometric beam combiner (ABC), the fine steering mechanism (FSM), the path-length control and modulation optical mechanisms (POM & MOM), focal plane camera electronics (ATC & FTC), camera cooling cryo-heat pipe, and the siderostat mechanism are currently under development. Main assemblies are built to meet flight requirements and have been or will be subjected to flight qualification level environmental testing (random vibration and thermal cycling) and performance testing. The Spectral Calibration Development Unit (SCDU), a white light interferometer testbed has recently demonstrated how to perform the spectral calibration of the instrument. The Guide 2 Telescope testbed (G2T) has demonstrated the 50 micro-arcsecond angle monitoring capability required by SIM Lite to perform astrometry. This paper summarizes recent progress in engineering risk reduction activities.
C1 [Goullioud, Renaud; Dekens, Frank; Nemati, Bijan; An, Xin; Hovland, Larry] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Goullioud, R (reprint author), Mail Stop 321-520,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Renaud.Goullioud@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341M
DI 10.1117/12.857721
PN I & II
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400048
ER
PT S
AU Hahn, I
Weilert, M
Sandhu, J
Wang, X
Smythe, R
Hovland, E
Loya, F
Shields, J
Boussalis, D
Fathpour, N
Kang, B
Ahmed, A
Macala, G
Nicaise, F
Morales, M
Dekens, F
Goullioud, R
AF Hahn, I.
Weilert, M.
Sandhu, J.
Wang, X.
Smythe, R.
Hovland, E.
Loya, F.
Shields, J.
Boussalis, D.
Fathpour, N.
Kang, B.
Ahmed, A.
Macala, G.
Nicaise, F.
Morales, M.
Dekens, F.
Goullioud, R.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Results of the Guide-2 telescope testbed for the SIM Light Astrometric
Observatory
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM; angle metrology; star tracking
AB The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory is to perform narrow angle astrometry to search for Earth-like planets, and global astrometry for a broad astrophysics program, for example, mapping the distribution of dark matter in the Galaxy. The new SIM Lite consists of two Michelson interferometers and one star tracking telescope. The main six-meter baseline science interferometer observes a target star and a set of reference stars. The four-meter baseline interferometer (guide-1) monitors the attitude of the instrument in the direction of a target star. The Guide-2 telescope (G2T) tracks a bright star to monitor the attitude of the instrument in the other two orthogonal directions. A testbed has been built to demonstrate star-tracking capability of the G2T concept using a new interferometric angle metrology system. In the presence of simulated 0.2 arcsecond level of expected spacecraft attitude control system perturbations, the measured star-tracking capability of the G2T testbed system is less than 43 micro-arcsecond during single narrow angle observation.
C1 [Hahn, I.; Weilert, M.; Sandhu, J.; Wang, X.; Smythe, R.; Hovland, E.; Loya, F.; Shields, J.; Boussalis, D.; Fathpour, N.; Kang, B.; Ahmed, A.; Macala, G.; Nicaise, F.; Morales, M.; Dekens, F.; Goullioud, R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Hahn, I (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Inseob.Hahn@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77344H
DI 10.1117/12.856531
PN I & II
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400143
ER
PT S
AU Hahn, I
Weilert, M
An, X
Kuan, G
Hovland, L
Smythe, R
Hovland, E
Krylo, R
Fisher, M
Chang, Z
Cepeda-Rizo, J
Shields, J
Ahmed, A
Fathpour, N
Carson, J
Nicaise, F
Morales, M
Dekens, F
Goullioud, R
AF Hahn, I.
Weilert, M.
An, X.
Kuan, G.
Hovland, L.
Smythe, R.
Hovland, E.
Krylo, R.
Fisher, M.
Chang, Z.
Cepeda-Rizo, J.
Shields, J.
Ahmed, A.
Fathpour, N.
Carson, J.
Nicaise, F.
Morales, M.
Dekens, F.
Goullioud, R.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Progress on SIM Lite Brassboard Interferometer Integration and Test
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM Lite; interferometer
AB Main brassboard Michelson interferometer components have been recently developed for the future flight phase implementations of SIM Lite mission. These brassboard components include two fine steering mirrors, pathlength modulation and cyclic averaging optics and astrometric beam combiner assembly. Field-independent performance tests will be performed in a vacuum chamber using two siderostats in retro-reflecting positions and a white light stimulus. The brightness and color dependence of the angle and fringe tracking performance will be measured. The performance of filtering algorithms will be tested in a simulated spacecraft attitude control system perturbation. To demonstrate capability of a dim star observation, the angle and fringe tracking CCD sensors are cooled to -110 C using a cold diode heat pipe system. The new feed-forward control (angle and path-length) algorithms for the dim star observation will be tested as well. In this paper, we will report the recent progress toward the integration and performance tests of the brassboard interferometer.
C1 [Hahn, I.; Weilert, M.; An, X.; Kuan, G.; Hovland, L.; Smythe, R.; Hovland, E.; Krylo, R.; Fisher, M.; Chang, Z.; Cepeda-Rizo, J.; Shields, J.; Ahmed, A.; Fathpour, N.; Carson, J.; Nicaise, F.; Morales, M.; Dekens, F.; Goullioud, R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Hahn, I (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Inseob.Hahn@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77344K
DI 10.1117/12.858288
PN I & II
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400146
ER
PT S
AU Lawson, PR
Malbet, F
AF Lawson, Peter R.
Malbet, Fabien
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Optical Long Baseline Interferometry News (OLBIN)
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Astronomy; technology; interferometry; optical; infrared
AB The Optical Long Baseline Interferometry News (OLBIN) is a website and forum for scientists, engineers, and students who share a common interest in long-baseline stellar interferometry. Through OLBIN you will find links to projects devoted to stellar interferometry, as well as news items, recent papers and preprints, notices of upcoming meetings, and resources for further research. This paper describes the history of the website, how it has evolved to serve the community, and the current plans for its future development. The website can be found at http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/.
C1 [Lawson, Peter R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Lawson, PR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 301-355,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77342O
DI 10.1117/12.857153
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400084
ER
PT S
AU Marr, JC
Shao, M
Goullioud, R
AF Marr, James C.
Shao, Michael
Goullioud, Renaud
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory Progress Report
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Interferometer; Interferometry; astrometry; SIM; Lite; exoplanet;
planet-finding; astrometric; observatory
AB The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory (aka SIM Lite), a micro-arcsecond astrometry space mission, has been developed in response to NASA's indefinite deferral of the SIM PlanetQuest mission. The SIM Lite mission, while significantly more affordable than the SIM PlanetQuest mission concept, still addresses the full breadth of SIM science envisioned by two previous National Research Council (NRC) Astrophysics Decadal Surveys at the most stringent "Goal" level of astrometric measurement performance envisioned in those surveys. Over the past two years, the project has completed the conceptual design of the SIM Lite mission using only the completed SIM technology; published a 250 page book describing the science and mission design (available at the SIM website: http://sim.jpl.nasa.gov); been subject to an independent cost and technical readiness assessment by the Aerospace Corporation; and submitted a number of information responses to the NRC Astro2010 Decadal Survey. The project also conducted an exoplanet-finding capability double blind study that clearly demonstrated the ability of the mission to survey 60 to 100 nearby sun-like dwarf stars for terrestrial, habitable zone planets in complex planetary systems. Additionally, the project has continued Engineering Risk Reduction activities by building brassboard (form, fit & function to flight) version of key instrument elements and subjecting them to flight qualification environmental and performance testing. This paper summarizes the progress over the last two years and the current state of the SIM Lite project.
C1 [Marr, James C.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Marr, JC (reprint author), NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 321-520, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM james.c.marr-iv@jpl.nasa.gov; Michael.shao@jpl.nasa.gov;
renaud.goullioud@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340H
DI 10.1117/12.857831
PN I & II
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400014
ER
PT S
AU Moshir, M
Murphy, DW
Meier, DL
Milman, MH
AF Moshir, Mehrdad
Murphy, David W.
Meier, David L.
Milman, Mark H.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Systems engineering and application of system performance modeling in
SIM Lite Mission
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Systems Engineering; Modeling; SIM Lite; Astrometry; Interferometry;
Exoplanet; V&V
AB The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory will be the first space-based Michelson interferometer operating in the visible wavelength, with the ability to perform ultra-high precision astrometric measurements on distant celestial objects. SIM Lite data will address in a fundamental way questions such as characterization of Earth-mass planets around nearby stars. To accomplish these goals it is necessary to rely on a model-based systems engineering approach - much more so than most other space missions. This paper will describe in further detail the components of this end-to-end performance model, called "SIM-sim", and show how it has helped the systems engineering process.
C1 [Moshir, Mehrdad; Murphy, David W.; Meier, David L.; Milman, Mark H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Moshir, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341H
DI 10.1117/12.857627
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400043
ER
PT S
AU Murphy, DW
Milman, MH
Meier, DL
Moshir, M
AF Murphy, David W.
Milman, Mark H.
Meier, David L.
Moshir, Mehrdad
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Lite narrow-angle modeling and processing
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space interferometry; optical interferometry; SIM Lite; Narrow-Angle
processing
AB This paper examines how narrow-angle (NA) processing of data from the SIM Lite optical interferometry mission can be undertaken when realistic spacecraft and mission operational constraints are taken into account. Using end-to-end mission simulations we show that the goal of 1 mu as single measurement accuracy (SMA) is obtainable, and hence the detection of earth-like planets is achievable with the SIM Lite mission.
C1 [Murphy, David W.; Milman, Mark H.; Meier, David L.; Moshir, Mehrdad] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Murphy, DW (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340O
DI 10.1117/12.857420
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400020
ER
PT S
AU Nemati, B
An, X
Goullioud, R
Shao, M
Shen, TP
Wehmeier, UJ
Weilert, MA
Wang, X
Werne, TA
Wu, JP
Zhai, CX
AF Nemati, Bijan
An, Xin
Goullioud, Renaud
Shao, Michael
Shen, Tsae-Pyng
Wehmeier, Udo J.
Weilert, Mark A.
Wang, Xu
Werne, Thomas A.
Wu, Janet P.
Zhai, Chengxing
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Mitigation of Angle Tracking Errors due to Color Dependent Centroid
Shifts in SIM-Lite
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM; Interferometry; Astrometry; Spectral; Angle Tracker; SCDU
AB The SIM-Lite astrometric interferometer will search for Earth-size planets in the habitable zones of nearby stars. In this search the interferometer will monitor the astrometric position of candidate stars relative to nearby reference stars over the course of a 5 year mission. The elemental measurement is the angle between a target star and a reference star. This is a two-step process, in which the interferometer will each time need to use its controllable optics to align the starlight in the two arms with each other and with the metrology beams. The sensor for this alignment is an angle tracking CCD camera. Various constraints in the design of the camera subject it to systematic alignment errors when observing a star of one spectrum compared with a start of a different spectrum. This effect is called a Color Dependent Centroid Shift ( CDCS) and has been studied extensively with SIM-Lite's SCDU testbed. Here we describe results from the simulation and testing of this error in the SCDU testbed, as well as effective ways that it can be reduced to acceptable levels.
C1 [Nemati, Bijan; An, Xin; Goullioud, Renaud; Shao, Michael; Shen, Tsae-Pyng; Wehmeier, Udo J.; Weilert, Mark A.; Wang, Xu; Werne, Thomas A.; Wu, Janet P.; Zhai, Chengxing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Nemati, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM bijan.nemati@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77344I
DI 10.1117/12.857778
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400144
ER
PT S
AU Nemati, B
An, X
Goullioud, R
Shao, M
Shen, TP
Wehmeier, UJ
Weilert, MA
Wang, X
Werne, TA
Wu, JP
Zhai, CX
AF Nemati, Bijan
An, Xin
Goullioud, Renaud
Shao, Michael
Shen, Tsae-Pyng
Wehmeier, Udo J.
Weilert, Mark A.
Wang, Xu
Werne, Thomas A.
Wu, Janet P.
Zhai, Chengxing
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Interferometer Testbed (SCDU) Status and Recent Results
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM; Interferometry; Astrometry; Spectral; Dispersion
AB SIM Lite is a space-borne stellar interferometer capable of searching for Earth-size planets in the habitable zones of nearby stars. This search will require measurement of astrometric angles with sub micro-arcsecond accuracy and optical pathlength differences to 1 picometer by the end of the five-year mission. One of the most significant technical risks in achieving this level of accuracy is from systematic errors that arise from spectral differences between candidate stars and nearby reference stars. The Spectral Calibration Development Unit (SCDU), in operation since 2007, has been used to explore this effect and demonstrate performance meeting SIM goals. In this paper we present the status of this testbed and recent results.
C1 [Nemati, Bijan; An, Xin; Goullioud, Renaud; Shao, Michael; Shen, Tsae-Pyng; Wehmeier, Udo J.; Weilert, Mark A.; Wang, Xu; Werne, Thomas A.; Wu, Janet P.; Zhai, Chengxing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Nemati, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM bijan.nemati@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341N
DI 10.1117/12.856300
PN I & II
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400049
ER
PT S
AU Pan, XP
Shao, M
Shaklan, S
Goullioud, R
AF Pan, Xiaopei
Shao, Michael
Shaklan, Stuart
Goullioud, Renaud
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Lite Detection of Habitable Planets in P-type Binary-Planetary
Systems
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB Close binary stars like spectroscopic binaries create a completely different environment than single stars for the evolution of a protoplanetary disk. Dynamical interactions between one star and protoplanets in such systems provide more challenges for theorists to model giant planet migration and formation of multiple planets. For habitable planets the majority of host stars are in binary star systems. So far only a small amount of Jupiter-size planets have been discovered in binary stars, whose minimum separations are 20 AU and the median value is about 1000 AU (because of difficulties in radial velocity measurements). The SIM Lite mission, a space-based astrometric observatory, has a unique capability to detect habitable planets in binary star systems. This work analyzed responses of the optical system to the field stop for companion stars and demonstrated that SIM Lite can observe exoplanets in visual binaries with small angular separations. In particular we investigated the issues for the search for terrestrial planets in P-type binary-planetary systems, where the planets move around both stars in a relatively distant orbit.
C1 [Pan, Xiaopei; Shao, Michael; Shaklan, Stuart; Goullioud, Renaud] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Pan, XP (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77343H
DI 10.1117/12.856330
PN I & II
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400109
ER
PT S
AU Rinehart, S
AF Rinehart, S.
CA BETTII Team
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI The Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry
(BETTII)
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Interferometry; double-Fourier; balloon experiments
ID SPITZER C2D SURVEY; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; GALACTIC NUCLEI; NEARBY;
SYSTEM; NULLER
AB Astronomical studies at infrared wavelengths have dramatically improved our understanding of the universe. The relatively low angular resolution of these missions, however, is insufficient to resolve the physical scale on which mid-to far-infrared emission arises. We will build the Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII), an eight-meter Michelson interferometer to fly on a high-altitude balloon. BETTII's spectral-spatial capability, provided by an instrument using double-Fourier techniques, will address key questions about the nature of disks in young star clusters and active galactic nuclei and the envelopes of evolved stars. BETTII will also lay the technological groundwork for future space interferometers.
C1 [Rinehart, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rinehart, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Stephen.A.Rinehart@nasa.gov
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77340K
DI 10.1117/12.855476
PN I & II
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400016
ER
PT S
AU Rinehart, SA
Leisawitz, DT
Bolcar, MR
Chaprnka, KM
Lyon, RG
Maher, SF
Memarsadeghi, N
Sinukoff, EJ
Teichman, E
AF Rinehart, S. A.
Leisawitz, D. T.
Bolcar, M. R.
Chaprnka, K. M.
Lyon, R. G.
Maher, S. F.
Memarsadeghi, N.
Sinukoff, E. J.
Teichman, E.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Recent Progress in Wide-Field Imaging Interferometry
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Interferometry; double-Fourier; testbed; wide-field imaging
ID RESOLUTION; DESIGN; SPACE
AB The Wide-Field Imaging Interferometry Testbed (WIIT) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and a computational model of the testbed were developed to demonstrate and learn the practical limitations of techniques for wide-field spatial-spectral ("double Fourier") interferometry. WIIT is an automated and remotely operated system, and it is now producing substantial amounts of high-quality data from its state-of-the-art operating environment, Goddard's Advanced Interferometry and Metrology Lab. In this paper, we discuss the characterization and operation of the testbed and present recently acquired data. We also give a short description of the computational model and its applications. Finally, we outline future research directions. A companion paper within this conference discusses the development of new wide-field double Fourier data analysis algorithms.
C1 [Rinehart, S. A.; Leisawitz, D. T.; Bolcar, M. R.; Chaprnka, K. M.; Lyon, R. G.; Memarsadeghi, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rinehart, SA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Stephen.A.Rinehart@nasa.gov
RI Lyon, Richard/D-5022-2012
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77342D
DI 10.1117/12.857108
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400073
ER
PT S
AU Serabyn, E
Mennesson, B
Martin, S
Liewer, K
Mawet, D
Hanot, C
Loya, F
Colavita, MM
Ragland, S
AF Serabyn, E.
Mennesson, B.
Martin, S.
Liewer, K.
Mawet, D.
Hanot, C.
Loya, F.
Colavita, M. M.
Ragland, S.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI The Potential of Rotating-Baseline Nulling Interferometers Operating
within Large Single-Telescope Apertures
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE nulling interferometry
ID HOT DUST; CHARA/FLUOR; STARS; PLANETS
AB The use of a rotating-baseline nulling interferometer for exoplanet detection was proposed several decades ago, but the technique has not yet been fully demonstrated in practice. Here we consider the faint companion and exozodiacal disk detection capabilities of rotating-baseline nulling interferometers, such as are envisioned for space-based infrared nullers, but operating instead within the aperture of large single telescopes. In particular, a nulling interferometer on a large aperture corrected by a next-generation extreme adaptive optics system can provide deep interferometric contrasts, and also reach smaller angles (sub lambda/D) than classical coronagraphs. Such rotating nullers also provide validation for an eventual space-based rotating-baseline nulling interferometer. As practical examples, we describe ongoing experiments with rotating nullers at Palomar and Keck, and consider briefly the case of the Thirty Meter Telescope.
C1 [Serabyn, E.; Mennesson, B.; Martin, S.; Liewer, K.; Mawet, D.; Loya, F.; Colavita, M. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Serabyn, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM gene.serabyn@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341E
DI 10.1117/12.857753
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400041
ER
PT S
AU Shields, JF
Boussalis, D
Fathpour, N
Weilert, M
Hahn, I
Ahmed, A
AF Shields, Joel F.
Boussalis, Dhemetrio
Fathpour, Nanaz
Weilert, Mark
Hahn, Inseob
Ahmed, Asif
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM Lite Guide-2 Telescope System Identification, Control Design and
Pointing Performance Evaluation
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Pointing; calibration; hysteresis; siderostat; fast steering mirror
AB The Guide-2 telescope (G2T) is an important subsystem of the new SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory. In this paper we present system identification experiments, design, and implementation of the G2T stellar pointing loop that achieves milliarcsecond resolution of spacecraft attitude. Special emphasis was placed on characterization and modeling of PZT hysteresis since this nonlinearity plays an important part in the control loop performance. Power spectral densities of the star image centroids were use to evaluate the pointing loop performance with and with out the presence of simulated ACS disturbances injected via a fast steering mirror (FSM).
C1 [Shields, Joel F.; Boussalis, Dhemetrio; Fathpour, Nanaz; Weilert, Mark; Hahn, Inseob; Ahmed, Asif] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Shields, JF (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Joel.F.Shields@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341L
DI 10.1117/12.857716
PN I & II
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400047
ER
PT S
AU Toorian, A
Smythe, R
Morales, M
Carson, J
Moore, JD
AF Toorian, Armen
Smythe, Robert
Morales, Mauricio
Carson, John
Moore, James D.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI Flight Qualification and Performance Testing of SIM Precision Optical
Mechanisms
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM-Lite; Interferometer; PZT; mechanism
AB The SIM-Lite project has designed and built PZT driven precision optical mechanisms for pointing and optical pathlength phasing. This paper will discuss the designs, the flight qualification, and performance in a space representative environment of these dynamic optical devices. We will also discuss performance of the strain gauges bonded to the PZTs of the SIM Fine Steering Mirror.
C1 [Toorian, Armen; Smythe, Robert; Morales, Mauricio; Carson, John; Moore, James D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Toorian, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341O
DI 10.1117/12.857846
PN I & II
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400050
ER
PT S
AU Wang, X
Goullioud, R
Nemati, B
Shao, M
Wehmeier, UJ
Weilert, MA
Werne, TA
Wu, JP
Zhai, CX
AF Wang, Xu
Goullioud, Renaud
Nemati, Bijan
Shao, Michael
Wehmeier, Udo J.
Weilert, Mark A.
Werne, Thomas A.
Wu, Janet P.
Zhai, Chengxing
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SCDU (Spectral Calibration Development Unit) Testbed Narrow Angle
Astrometric Performance
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SIM; SCDU; Interferometer; Astrometry; Spectral Calibration; Narrow
Angle
AB The most stringent astrometric performance requirements on NASA's SIM(Space Interferometer Mission)-Lite mission will come from the so-called Narrow-Angle (NA) observing scenario, aimed at finding Earth-like exoplanets, where the interferometer chops between the target star and several nearby reference stars multiple times over the course of a single visit. Previously, about 20 pm NA error with various shifts was reported(1). Since then, investigation has been under way to understand the mechanisms that give rise to these shifts. In this paper we report our findings, the adopted mitigation strategies, and the resulting testbed performance.
C1 [Wang, Xu; Goullioud, Renaud; Nemati, Bijan; Shao, Michael; Wehmeier, Udo J.; Weilert, Mark A.; Werne, Thomas A.; Wu, Janet P.; Zhai, Chengxing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Wang, X (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM xu.wang@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77344J
DI 10.1117/12.857278
PN I & II
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400145
ER
PT S
AU Werne, TA
Wehmeier, UJ
Wu, JP
An, X
Goullioud, R
Nemati, B
Shao, M
Shen, TPJ
Wang, X
Weilert, MA
Zhai, CX
AF Werne, Thomas A.
Wehmeier, Udo J.
Wu, Janet P.
An, Xin
Goullioud, Renaud
Nemati, Bijan
Shao, Michael
Shen, Tsae-Pyng J.
Wang, Xu
Weilert, Mark A.
Zhai, Chengxing
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SCDU testbed automated in-situ alignment, data acquisition and analysis
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SCDU; SIM-Lite; Automation; Automated Analysis; Distributed Processing
AB In the course of fulfilling its mandate, the Spectral Calibration Development Unit (SCDU) testbed for SIM-Lite produces copious amounts of raw data. To effectively spend time attempting to understand the science driving the data, the team devised computerized automations to limit the time spent bringing the testbed to a healthy state and commanding it, and instead focus on analyzing the processed results. We developed a multi-layered scripting language that emphasized the scientific experiments we conducted, which drastically shortened our experiment scripts, improved their readability, and all-but-eliminated testbed operator errors. In addition to scientific experiment functions, we also developed a set of automated alignments that bring the testbed up to a well-aligned state with little more than the push of a button. These scripts were written in the scripting language, and in Matlab via an interface library, allowing all members of the team to augment the existing scripting language with complex analysis scripts. To keep track of these results, we created an easily-parseable state log in which we logged both the state of the testbed and relevant metadata. Finally, we designed a distributed processing system that allowed us to farm lengthy analyses to a collection of client computers which reported their results in a central log. Since these logs were parseable, we wrote query scripts that gave us an effortless way to compare results collected under different conditions. This paper serves as a case-study, detailing the motivating requirements for the decisions we made and explaining the implementation process.
C1 [Werne, Thomas A.; Wehmeier, Udo J.; Wu, Janet P.; An, Xin; Goullioud, Renaud; Nemati, Bijan; Shao, Michael; Shen, Tsae-Pyng J.; Wang, Xu; Weilert, Mark A.; Zhai, Chengxing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Werne, TA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM thomas.a.werne@jpl.nasa.gov; Udo.J.Wehmeier@jpl.nasa.gov;
Janet.P.Wu@jpl.nasa.gov; Xin.An@jpl.nasa.gov;
Renaud.Goullioud@jpl.nasa.gov; Bijan.Nemati@jpl.nasa.gov;
Michael.Shao@jpl.nasa.gov; Tsae-Pyng.J.Shen@jpl.nasa.gov;
Xu.Wang@jpl.nasa.gov; Mark.A.Weilert@jpl.nasa.gov;
Chengxing.Zhai@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77344F
DI 10.1117/12.857525
PN I & II
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400141
ER
PT S
AU Zhai, C
An, X
Goullioud, R
Nemati, B
Shao, M
Shen, J
Wehmeier, U
Wang, X
Weiler, M
Werne, T
Wu, J
AF Zhai, C.
An, X.
Goullioud, R.
Nemati, B.
Shao, M.
Shen, J.
Wehmeier, U.
Wang, X.
Weiler, M.
Werne, T.
Wu, J.
BE Danchi, WC
Delplancke, F
Rajagopal, JK
TI SIM-Lite Mission Spectral Calibration Sensitivities and Refinements
SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY II
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry II
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Interferometry; instrument calibration; fringe phase estimation; wave
front aberration
AB SIM-Lite missions will perform astrometry at microarcsecond accuracy using star light interferometry. For typical baselines that are shorter than 10 meters, this requires to measure optical path difference (OPD) accurate to tens of picometers calling for highly accurate calibration. A major challenge is to calibrate the star spectral dependency in fringe measurements - the spectral calibration. Previously, we have developed a spectral calibration and estimation scheme achieving picometer level accuracy. In this paper, we present the improvements regarding the application of this scheme from sensitivity studies. Data from the SIM Spectral Calibration Development Unit (SCDU) test facility shows that the fringe OPD is very sensitive to pointings of both beams from the two arms of the interferometer. This sensitivity coupled with a systematic pointing error provides a mechanism to explain the bias changes in 2007. Improving system alignment can effectively reduce this sensitivity and thus errors due to pointing errors. Modeling this sensitivity can lead to further improvement in data processing. We then investigate the sensitivity to a model parameter, the bandwidth used in the fringe model, which presents an interesting trade between systematic and random errors. Finally we show the mitigation of calibration errors due to system drifts by interpolating instrument calibrations. These improvements enable us to use SCDU data to demonstrate that SIM-Lite missions can meet the 1pm noise floor requirement for detecting earth-like exoplanets.
C1 [Zhai, C.; An, X.; Goullioud, R.; Nemati, B.; Shao, M.; Shen, J.; Wehmeier, U.; Wang, X.; Weiler, M.; Werne, T.; Wu, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Zhai, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM chengxing.zhai@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8224-2
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7734
AR 77341J
DI 10.1117/12.856336
PN I & II
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BSQ87
UT WOS:000285505400045
ER
PT S
AU Hadjimichael, T
Kubalak, D
Slotwinski, A
Davila, P
Eegholm, B
Eichhorn, W
Hayden, J
Mentzell, E
Ohl, R
Scharfstein, G
Telfer, R
AF Hadjimichael, T.
Kubalak, D.
Slotwinski, A.
Davila, P.
Eegholm, B.
Eichhorn, W.
Hayden, J.
Mentzell, E.
Ohl, R.
Scharfstein, G.
Telfer, R.
BE Sasian, J
Youngworth, RN
TI Cryogenic metrology for the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated
Science Instrument Module alignment target fixtures using laser radar
through a chamber window
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM ALIGNMENT, TOLERANCING, AND VERIFICATION IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Alignment, Tolerancing, and Verification IV
CY AUG 01-02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
ID UPDATED EDLEN EQUATION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; AIR
AB The James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument Module utilizes two fixtures to align the Optical Telescope Element Simulator (OSIM) to the coordinate systems established on the ISIM and the ISIM Test Platform (ITP). These fixtures contain targets which are visible to the OSIM Alignment Diagnostics Module (ADM). Requirements on these fixtures must be met under ambient and cryogenic conditions. This paper discusses the cryogenic metrology involving Laser Radar measurements through a chamber window that will be used to link photogrammetry target measurements used during ISIM structure cryogenic verification and the ADM targets, including evaluation of distortion introduced from the window.
C1 [Hadjimichael, T.; Kubalak, D.; Davila, P.; Eichhorn, W.; Mentzell, E.; Ohl, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Hadjimichael, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8289-1
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7793
AR 77930B
DI 10.1117/12.862693
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BTP42
UT WOS:000287704700008
ER
PT S
AU Nowak, MD
Cleveland, PE
Cofie, E
Crane, JA
Davila, PS
Eegholm, BH
Hammond, RP
Heaney, JB
Hylan, JE
Johnston, JD
Ohl, RG
Orndorff, JD
Osgood, DL
Redman, KW
Sampler, HP
Smee, SA
Stock, JM
Threat, FT
Woodruff, RA
Young, PJ
AF Nowak, Maria D.
Cleveland, Paul E.
Cofie, Emmanuel
Crane, J. Allen
Davila, Pamela S.
Eegholm, Bente H.
Hammond, Randolph P.
Heaney, James B.
Hylan, Jason E.
Johnston, John D.
Ohl, Raymond G.
Orndorff, Joseph D.
Osgood, Dean L.
Redman, Kevin W.
Sampler, Henry P.
Smee, Stephen A.
Stock, Joseph M.
Threat, Felix T.
Woodruff, Robert A.
Young, Philip J.
BE Sasian, J
Youngworth, RN
TI Cryogenic performance of a high precision photogrammetry system for
verification of the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science
Instrument Module and associated ground support equipment structural
alignment requirements
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM ALIGNMENT, TOLERANCING, AND VERIFICATION IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Alignment, Tolerancing, and Verification IV
CY AUG 01-02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE JWST; ISIM; photogrammetry; PG; cryogenic; laser tracker; metrology;
uncertainty
AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a general astrophysics mission which consists of a 6.6m diameter, segmented, deployable telescope for cryogenic IR space astronomy (similar to 35K). The JWST Observatory architecture includes the Optical Telescope Element and the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) element that contains four science instruments (SI) including a Guider.
The alignment philosophy of ISIM is such that the cryogenic changes in the alignment of the SI interfaces are captured in the ISIM alignment error budget. The SIs are aligned to the structure's coordinate system under ambient, clean room conditions using laser tracker and theodolite metrology. The ISIM structure is thermally cycled and temperature-induced structural changes are concurrently measured with a photogrammetry metrology system to ensure they are within requirements.
We compare the ISIM photogrammetry system performance to the ISIM metrology requirements and describe the cryogenic data acquired to verify photogrammetry system level requirements, including measurement uncertainty. The ISIM photogrammetry system is the baseline concept for future tests involving the Optical Telescope Element (OTE) and Observatory level testing at Johnson Space Flight Center.
C1 [Nowak, Maria D.; Crane, J. Allen; Davila, Pamela S.; Hylan, Jason E.; Johnston, John D.; Ohl, Raymond G.; Sampler, Henry P.; Threat, Felix T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Nowak, MD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8289-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7793
AR 77930A
DI 10.1117/12.862595
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BTP42
UT WOS:000287704700007
ER
PT S
AU Carey, P
Blakkolb, B
AF Carey, Phil
Blakkolb, Brian
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI Contamination impact of Station Brush Fire on cleanroom facilities
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Cleanrooms; brushfire; smoke; ash; airborne contamination; airborne
particulate contamination
AB Brush and forest fires, both naturally occurring and anthropogenic in origin, in proximity to space flight hardware processing facilities raise concerns about the threat of contamination resulting from airborne particulate and molecular components of smoke. Perceptions of the severity of the threat are possibly heightened by the high sensitivity of the human sense of smell to some components present in the smoke of burning vegetation.
On August 26th, 2009, a brushfire broke out north of Pasadena, California, two miles from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The Station Fire destroyed over 160,000 acres, coming within a few hundred yards of JPL. Smoke concentrations on Lab were very heavy over several days. All Lab operations were halted, and measures were taken to protect personnel, critical hardware, and facilities. Evaluation of real-time cleanroom monitoring data, visual inspection of facilities, filter systems, and analysis of surface cleanliness samples revealed facility environments and hardware were minimally effected.
Outside air quality easily exceeded Class Ten Million. Prefilters captured most large ash and soot; multi-stage filtration greatly minimized the impact on the HEPA/ULPA filters. Air quality in HEPA filtered spacecraft assembly cleanrooms remained within Class 10,000 specification throughout. Surface cleanliness was minimally affected, as large particles were effectively removed from the airstream, and sub-micron particles have extremely long settling rates. Approximate particulate fallout within facilities was 0.00011% area coverage/day compared to 0.00038% area coverage/day during normal operations. Deposition of condensable airborne components, as measured in real time, peaked at approximately 1.0 ng/cm(2)/day compared to 0.05 ng/cm(2)/day nominal.
C1 [Carey, Phil; Blakkolb, Brian] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Carey, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 779408
DI 10.1117/12.860204
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000008
ER
PT S
AU Edwards, DL
Burns, HD
Xapsos, M
Spann, J
AF Edwards, David L.
Burns, Howard D.
Xapsos, Michael
Spann, Jim
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI Concepts for a NASA Applied Spaceflight Environments Office
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is launching a bold and ambitious new space initiative. A significant part of this new initiative includes exploration of new worlds, the development of more innovative technologies, and expansion our presence in the solar system. A common theme to this initiative is the exploration of space beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO). As currently organized, NASA does not have an Agency-level office that provides coordination of space environment research and development. This has contributed to the formation of a gap between spaceflight environments knowledge and the application of this knowledge for multi-program use. This paper outlines a concept to establish a NASA-level Applied Spaceflight Environments (ASE) office that will provide coordination and funding for sustained multi-program support in three technical areas that have demonstrated these needs through customer requests. These technical areas are natural environments characterization and modeling, materials and systems analysis and test, and operational space environments modeling and prediction. This paper will establish the need for the ASE, discuss a concept for organizational structure and outline the scope in the three technical areas.
C1 [Edwards, David L.; Burns, Howard D.; Spann, Jim] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Edwards, DL (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code EV44, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 77940N
DI 10.1117/12.871178
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000019
ER
PT S
AU Margiotta, DV
Peters, WC
Straka, SA
Rodriguez, M
McKittrick, KR
Jones, CB
AF Margiotta, Danielle V.
Peters, Wanda C.
Straka, Sharon A.
Rodriguez, Marcello
McKittrick, Kristin R.
Jones, Craig B.
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI The Lotus coating for space exploration - A dust mitigation tool
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE dust; mitigation; contamination; coating; Lotus; nanotechnology; NASA;
GSFC
AB The "Lotus" dust mitigation coating is a new technology that is currently being developed and tested, at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), as a countermeasure for addressing dust accumulation issues for long-duration human space exploration. This coating sheds dust particles utilizing anti-contamination and self-cleaning properties that minimize dust accumulation on spacecraft surfaces. Shedding of dust particles is accomplished by reducing the surface energy and the amount of surface available for attachment. The Lotus coating is designed to preserve optimal long-term performance of critical spacecraft surfaces and systems, while minimizing and/or eliminating dust accumulation. NASA is exceedingly interested in simplistic and innovative ways to mitigate dust accumulation while minimizing the impact to spacecraft mass and power requirements. Preliminary research and development indicates that the Lotus Coating has the potential to be a viable passive tool for mitigating dust on: radiator surfaces, solar array panels, habitation airlock walls, mechanism shields, astronaut EVA suits, and astronaut visors exterior coating.
C1 [Margiotta, Danielle V.; Peters, Wanda C.; Straka, Sharon A.; Rodriguez, Marcello] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Margiotta, DV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 77940I
DI 10.1117/12.864480
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000016
ER
PT S
AU Orellana, J
Rivera, RB
AF Orellana, Janet
Rivera, Rachel B.
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI Purge System for Landsat Data Continuity Mission and other Instruments
in Contamination
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB Contamination Control Engineering practices are performed on NASA satellite missions at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in order to control adverse effects of contamination on sensitive surfaces such as, optics, sensors, and thermal control surfaces. The primary goal of this research is to determine how inspection tools are used, and how their capabilities can be verified. The research was accomplished by investigating the following tools: the Dino-Lite hand held microscope; a video Borescope, a portable bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) scatterometer; and Contamination Field Kits, suitcases which carry the very tools for inspection and verification within them. A secondary goal is to further develop an existing purge suitcase for the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) instruments on the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM). The purge suitcase is used as a contamination mitigation technique to keep the instruments dry and clean.
C1 [Orellana, Janet; Rivera, Rachel B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Contaminat & Coatings Engn Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Orellana, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Contaminat & Coatings Engn Branch, Code 546, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 77940E
DI 10.1117/12.877193
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000012
ER
PT S
AU Rivera, RB
Uhl, D
Secunda, M
AF Rivera, Rachel B.
Uhl, Drew
Secunda, Mark
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI Lessons Learned for the NASA Mission Solar Dynamics Observatory
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SDO; contamination; cleanliness; purge; cleanroom; lessons learned; NVR
AB As Observatories are designed, built, tested, and launched, they occasionally have unanticipated incidents which can impede the progress towards launch, or affect the final product of a satellite mission. These incidents have the potential to cause minor inconveniences, extra paperwork, schedule hits, extra analysis or in the worst case, performance degradation. The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) experienced various types of incidences in different phases of build and launch.
The purpose of this study is to discuss the major contamination-related lessons learned during the design, production, testing, and launch of the Solar Dynamics Observatory to help future programs avoid similar incidents.
C1 [Rivera, Rachel B.] NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rivera, RB (reprint author), NASA, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Rachel.B.Rivera@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 779403
DI 10.1117/12.864479
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000004
ER
PT S
AU Straka, S
Peters, W
Hasegawa, M
Novo-Gradac, K
Wong, A
AF Straka, Sharon
Peters, Wanda
Hasegawa, Mark
Novo-Gradac, Kevin
Wong, Alfred
BE Straka, SA
Carosso, N
TI Development of Molecular Adsorber Coatings
SO OPTICAL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION: EFFECTS, MEASUREMENTS, AND CONTROL 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical System Contamination: Effects, Measurements, and
Control 2010
CY AUG 02-05, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Molecular adsorber; thermal coating; contamination; adsorption;
outgassing; materials
AB As mission, satellite, and instrument performance requirements become more advanced, the need to control adverse on-orbit molecular contamination is more critical. Outgassed materials within the spacecraft have the potential to degrade performance of optical surfaces, thermal control surfaces, solar arrays, electronics, and detectors. One method for addressing the outgassing of materials is the use of molecular adsorbers. On Goddard Space Flight Center missions such as Hubble Space Telescope (HST), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), and SWIFT, Zeolite-coated cordierite molecular adsorbers were successfully used to collect and retain outgassed molecular effluent emanating from spacecraft materials, protecting critical contamination sensitive surfaces. However, the major drawbacks of these puck type adsorbers are weight, size, and mounting hardware requirements, making them difficult to incorporate into spacecraft designs.
To address these concerns, a novel molecular adsorber coating was developed to alleviate the size and weight issues while providing a configuration that more projects can utilize, particularly contamination sensitive instruments. This successful sprayable molecular adsorber coating system demonstrated five times the adsorption capacity of previously developed adsorber coating slurries. The molecular adsorber formulation was refined and a procedure for spray application was developed. Samples were spray coated and tested for capacity, thermal optical/radiative properties, coating adhesion, and thermal cycling. The tested formulation passes coating adhesion and vacuum thermal cycling tests between +140 and -115C. Thermal radiative properties are very promising. Work performed during this study indicates that the molecular adsorber formulation can be applied to aluminum, stainless steel, or other metal substrates that can accept silicate coatings.
C1 [Straka, Sharon; Peters, Wanda; Hasegawa, Mark] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Straka, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8290-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7794
AR 77940C
DI 10.1117/12.864483
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BTQ81
UT WOS:000287805000011
ER
PT J
AU Parenteau, MN
Cady, SL
AF Parenteau, Mary N.
Cady, Sherry L.
TI MICROBIAL BIOSIGNATURES IN IRON-MINERALIZED PHOTOTROPHIC MATS AT
CHOCOLATE POTS HOT SPRINGS, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, UNITED STATES
SO PALAIOS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FE(II) OXIDATION; SILICA; DEPOSITION; GEOCHEMISTRY;
FERRIHYDRITE; BACTERIA; GUNFLINT; WATERS; LIFE
AB The origin of oxidized iron in Precambrian iron formations has been debated for decades. Direct paleontological evidence for a microbial role in iron oxidation has been sought in the biosignatures in these structures. This study documents how several biosignatures of phototrophic iron-oxidizing communities form in modern hydrothermal iron deposits. The microbes, primary minerals, microfossils, and stromatolitic biofabrics from Chocolate Pots hot springs in Yellowstone National Park were characterized across a range of spatial scales via various types of microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and total organic carbon elemental analyses. Electron microscopic examination of the cyanobacterial mats reveals the formation of distinct dendritic-like biofabrics. Early-stage iron-permineralized phototrophic microfossils display taxonomic features that allow identification to the genus level. Selected-area electron diffraction analysis indicates that cells were permineralized by iron oxides (2-line ferrihydrite). Although permineralization by silica is considered to result in fossils with the highest cellular fidelity, this investigation suggests that iron permineralization may also produce exceptionally well-preserved microfossils. Characterization of biosignatures in this modern high-iron thermal spring provides a unique opportunity to establish a link between (1) our previous physiological measurements of iron oxidation by a phototrophic community; (2) production of biosignatures by the community; and (3) survival of these biosignatures during the earliest stages of diagenesis in the iron oxides underneath the microbial mats. This fossil evidence linking taxonomy, physiology, and biosignatures may be used to infer the paleobiology and paleoecology of similar fossil benthic microbial communities and may provide a means to assess the microbial contribution to ancient iron deposits.
C1 [Parenteau, Mary N.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Exobiol Branch, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA.
[Cady, Sherry L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Parenteau, MN (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Exobiol Branch, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA.
EM Mary.N.Parenteau@nasa.gov
FU NASA Exobiology [NAG5-12328, NNG04-GJ84G]; NASA Oregon Space; NASA
Planetary Biology Internship
FX This work was supported by NASA Exobiology Grants NAG5-12328 and
NNG04-GJ84G to SLC. Additional support was generously provided by a NASA
Oregon Space Grant Graduate Fellowship and a NASA Planetary Biology
Internship to MNP. The total organic carbon elemental analyses were
supported by L.L. Jahnke and conducted at NASA Allies Research Center.
Total station mapping of the hot springs was conducted with B.L. Beard
and R.L. Poulson. We thank the National Park Service for allowing us to
conduct research in Yellowstone National Park and R.C. Hugo and R.B.
Perkins, Portland State University, for technical assistance. We also
thank Beverly Pierson for helpful discussions and two anonymous
reviewers for comments that strengthened the manuscript.
NR 72
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 21
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 0883-1351
J9 PALAIOS
JI Palaios
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1-2
BP 97
EP 111
DI 10.2110/palo.2008.p08-133r
PG 15
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 549SC
UT WOS:000274073600011
ER
PT B
AU Traub, WA
Lawson, PR
Unwin, SC
Muterspaugh, MW
Soummer, R
Danchi, WC
Hinz, P
Gaudi, BS
Torres, G
Deming, D
Lazio, J
Dressler, A
AF Traub, W. A.
Lawson, P. R.
Unwin, S. C.
Muterspaugh, M. W.
Soummer, R.
Danchi, W. C.
Hinz, P.
Gaudi, B. S.
Torres, G.
Deming, D.
Lazio, J.
Dressler, A.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Exoplanets Forum 2008
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The Exoplanets Forum 2008 meeting led to a book Exoplanet Community Report with about 180 authors from the exoplanet community. This book describes eight technique-oriented methods for detecting and characterizing exoplanets, with an emphasis on space missions. The topics are astrometry, optical imaging, infrared imaging, exozodiacal disks, microlensing, radial velocity, transits, and magnetospheric emission. Several of these techniques have counterparts in proposed space mission studies carried out under the Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept Studies (ASMCS) program in 2008-9, and the exoplanet-related Astro2010 studies in 2009. The Forum meeting, through the vehicle of its resulting book, provides a snapshot of the science and potential missions for exoplanets during this period, and as such should provide a relevant reference for several years to come.
C1 [Traub, W. A.; Lawson, P. R.; Unwin, S. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 301-451,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Muterspaugh, M. W.] Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37209 USA.
[Soummer, R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Danchi, W. C.; Deming, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hinz, P.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Gaudi, B. S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Torres, G.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lazio, J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Dressler, A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 94305 USA.
RP Traub, WA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 301-451,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov; Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov; soummer@stsci.edu;
william.c.danchi@nasa.gov
RI Gaudi, Bernard/I-7732-2012
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 21
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800003
ER
PT B
AU Barnes, R
Jackson, B
Greenberg, R
Raymond, SN
Heller, R
AF Barnes, R.
Jackson, B.
Greenberg, R.
Raymond, S. N.
Heller, R.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Tidal Constraints on Planetary Habitability
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; IO; DISSIPATION; EXOPLANETS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM;
EARTHS
AB We review how tides may impact the habitability of terrestrial-like planets. If such planets form around low-mass stars, then planets in the circumstellar habitable zone will be close enough to their host stars to experience strong tidal forces. We discuss 1) decay of semi-major axis, 2) circularization of eccentric orbits, 3) evolution toward zero obliquity, 4) fixed rotation rates (not necessarily synchronous), and 5) internal heating. We briefly describe these effects using the example of a 0.25 M-circle dot star with a 10 M-circle dot companion. We suggest that the concept of a habitable zone should be modified to include the effects of tides.
C1 [Barnes, R.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Barnes, R.; Raymond, S. N.] Virtual Planetary Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Jackson, B.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jackson, B.] NASA Postdoct Fellow, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Greenberg, R.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Raymond, S. N.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Heller, R.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Barnes, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM rory@astro.washington.edu
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 133
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800016
ER
PT B
AU Clampin, M
AF Clampin, M.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Pathways towards Habitable Planets: JWST's Capabilities for Exoplanet
Science
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ATMOSPHERE; METHANE
AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a 6.5 meter cryogenic telescope scheduled to be launched in 2014. JWST has a complement of near-IR (1 mu m - 5 mu m) and mid-IR (5 mu m - 28 mu m) instruments that include modes suitable for detecting and characterizing exoplanets, and studying different stages of planetary system evolution. Direct imaging studies of young, self-luminous planets will be possible using coronagraphic imagers of the instruments. JWST's large collecting area will facilitate extensive characterization of the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Clampin, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM mark.clampin@nasa.gov
RI Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 17
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 167
EP 174
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800021
ER
PT B
AU Danchi, WC
Barry, RK
Lopez, B
Rinehart, SA
Absil, O
Augereau, JC
Beust, H
Bonfils, X
Borde, P
Defrere, D
Kern, P
Lawson, PR
Leger, A
Monin, JL
Mourard, D
Ollivier, M
Petrov, R
Traub, WA
Unwin, SC
Vakili, F
AF Danchi, W. C.
Barry, R. K.
Lopez, B.
Rinehart, S. A.
Absil, O.
Augereau, J. -C.
Beust, H.
Bonfils, X.
Borde, P.
Defrere, D.
Kern, P.
Lawson, P. R.
Leger, A.
Monin, J. -L.
Mourard, D.
Ollivier, M.
Petrov, R.
Traub, W. A.
Unwin, S. C.
Vakili, F.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Infrared Detection and Characterization of Debris Disks, Exozodiacal
Dust, and Exoplanets: The FKSI Mission Concept
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID KELVIN-STELLAR-INTERFEROMETER; PLANETS; SPACE
AB The Fourier-Kelvin Stellar Interferometer (FKSI) is a mission concept for a nulling interferometer for the near-to-mid-infrared spectral region. FKSI is conceived as a mid-sized strategic or Probe class mission. FKSI has been endorsed by the Exoplanet Community Forum 2008 as such a mission and has been costed to be within the expected budget. The current design of FKSI is a two-element nulling interferometer. The two telescopes, separated by 12.5m, are precisely pointed (by small steering mirrors) on the target star. The two path lengths are accurately controlled to be the same to within a few nanometers. A phase shifter/beam combiner (Mach-Zehnder interferometer) produces an output beam consisting of the nulled sum of the target planet's light and the host star's light. When properly oriented, the starlight is nulled by a factor of 10(-4), and the planet light is undiminished. Accurate modeling of the signal is used to subtract the residual starlight, permitting the detection of planets much fainter than the host star. The current version of FKSI with 0.5-m apertures and waveband 3-8 mu m has the following main capabilities: (1) detect exozodiacal emission levels to that of our own solar system (Solar System Zodi) around nearby F, G, and K stars; (2) characterize spectroscopically the atmospheres of a large number of known non-transiting planets; (3) survey and characterize nearby stars for planets down to 2 R-circle plus from just inside the habitable zone and inward. An enhanced version of FKSI with 1-m apertures separated by 20 m and cooled to 40 K, with science waveband 5-15 mu m, allows for the detection and characterization of 2 R-circle plus super-Earths and smaller planets in the habitable zone around stars within about 30 pc.
C1 [Danchi, W. C.; Barry, R. K.; Rinehart, S. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lopez, B.; Mourard, D.; Petrov, R.; Vakili, F.] Observ Cote Azur, Nice, France.
[Augereau, J. -C.; Beust, H.; Bonfils, X.; Kern, P.; Monin, J. -L.] LAOG, St Matin, France.
[Borde, P.; Leger, A.; Ollivier, M.] Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France.
[Absil, O.; Defrere, D.] Univ Liege, EKSI Consort, Liege, Belgium.
[Lawson, P. R.; Traub, W. A.; Unwin, S. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Danchi, WC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM william.c.danchi@nasa.gov; Richard.K.Barry@nasa.gov;
Stephen.A.Rinehart@nasa.gov; absil@astro.ulg.ac.be;
defrere@astro.ulg.ac.be; Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov;
Alain.Leger@ias.fr; marc.ollivier@ias.u-psud.fr; wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov
OI Bonfils, Xavier/0000-0001-9003-8894
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 188
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800024
ER
PT B
AU Gehrz, RD
Angerhausen, D
Becklin, EE
Greenhouse, MA
Horner, S
Krabbe, A
Swain, MR
Young, ET
AF Gehrz, R. D.
Angerhausen, D.
Becklin, E. E.
Greenhouse, M. A.
Horner, S.
Krabbe, A.
Swain, M. R.
Young, E. T.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI SOFIA: On the Pathway toward Habitable Worlds
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID WATER
AB The U.S./German Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), a 2.5-meter infrared airborne telescope in a Boeing 747-SP, will conduct 0.3 - 1,600 mu m photometric, spectroscopic, and imaging observations from altitudes as high as 45,000 ft., where the average atmospheric transmission is greater than 80 percent. SOFIA's first light cameras and spectrometers, as well as future generations of instruments, will enable SOFIA to make unique contributions to the characterization of the physical properties of proto-planetary disks around young stellar objects and of the atmospheres of exoplanets that transit their parent stars. We describe several types of experiments that are being contemplated.
C1 [Gehrz, R. D.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Angerhausen, D.; Krabbe, A.] Univ Stuttgart, DSI, Stuttgart, Germany.
[Becklin, E. E.; Young, E. T.] Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Greenhouse, M. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt 20771, MD USA.
[Horner, S.] Lockheed Martin, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA.
[Swain, M. R.] JPL, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Gehrz, RD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM gehrz@astro.umn.edu; Mark.R.Swain@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 201
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800026
ER
PT B
AU Shao, M
AF Shao, M.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI The SIM Lite Mission
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Shao, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM michael.shao@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 213
EP 218
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800028
ER
PT B
AU Traub, WA
AF Traub, W. A.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Astrometric-Radial-Velocity and Coronagraph-Imaging Double-Blind Studies
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB I describe two double-blind studies regarding the detection of Earth-size exoplanets, as follows. (1) Can we successfully detect Earth-like planets around nearby stars, in multi-planet systems, with the combination of a space astrometric mission such as SIM Lite plus ground-based radial-velocity (RV) observations? This study is now complete, and the answer to the question is yes, Earth-like planets have been detected by multiple teams, in numerical simulations with realistic noise and other factors, subject to specific simplifying assumptions, with accuracies that are close to the theoretically-expected values. (2) Can Earth-like planets be detected and characterized with imaging coronagraphs, in the presence of realistic instrumental noise and astrophysical confusion from exozodiacal dust disks, and with the possible help of information from SIM Lite? This study is about to begin.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Traub, WA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 301-451,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 249
EP 252
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800033
ER
PT B
AU Enya, K
Kotani, T
Nakagawa, T
Kataza, H
Komatsu, K
Uchida, H
Haze, K
Higuchi, S
Miyata, T
Sako, S
Nakamura, T
Yamashita, T
Narita, N
Tamura, M
Nishikawa, J
Hayano, H
Oya, S
Kokubo, E
Itoh, Y
Fukagawa, M
Shibai, H
Honda, M
Baba, N
Murakami, N
Takami, M
Matsuo, T
Ida, S
Abe, L
Guyon, O
Venet, M
Yamamuro, T
Bierden, P
AF Enya, K.
Kotani, T.
Nakagawa, T.
Kataza, H.
Komatsu, K.
Uchida, H.
Haze, K.
Higuchi, S.
Miyata, T.
Sako, S.
Nakamura, T.
Yamashita, T.
Narita, N.
Tamura, M.
Nishikawa, J.
Hayano, H.
Oya, S.
Kokubo, E.
Itoh, Y.
Fukagawa, M.
Shibai, H.
Honda, M.
Baba, N.
Murakami, N.
Takami, M.
Matsuo, T.
Ida, S.
Abe, L.
Guyon, O.
Venet, M.
Yamamuro, T.
Bierden, P.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI SPICA Coronagraph
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ATMOSPHERE; STAR
AB We present the SPICA Coronagraph Instrument for the direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets. The SPICA mission gives us a unique opportunity for high-contrast observations because of the large telescope aperture, the simple pupil shape, and the capability for infrared observations from space. The primary goal of this coronagraph is the direct detection and spectroscopy of Jovian exoplanets. The specifications, performance, and the design of the instrument are shown. The main wavelengths and the contrast required for the observations are 3.5 - 27 mu m, and 10(-6), respectively. We also show the progress of the development of key technology to realize this instrument. The non-coronagraphic mode of this instrument is potentially useful for characterization of inner planets via observation of planetary transit and Color Differential Astrometry(CDA). We expect the SPICA coronagraph will provide drastic progress for understanding various planetary systems by it's unique capability, mid will be a fruitful precursor for a future mission targeting terrestrial planets.
C1 [Enya, K.; Kotani, T.; Nakagawa, T.; Kataza, H.; Komatsu, K.; Uchida, H.; Haze, K.; Higuchi, S.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Haze, K.] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Dept Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Higuchi, S.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Miyata, T.; Sako, S.; Nakamura, T.] Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Astron Inst, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
[Yamashita, T.; Narita, N.; Tamura, M.; Nishikawa, J.; Hayano, H.; Oya, S.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Itoh, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
[Fukagawa, M.; Shibai, H.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
[Honda, M.] Kanagawa Univ, Dept Informat Sci, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2591293, Japan.
[Baba, N.; Murakami, N.] Hokkaido Univ, Div Appl Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan.
[Takami, M.] Acad Sci, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Matsuo, T.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Ida, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Abe, L.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Lab AH Fizeau, F-06108 Nice 02, France.
[Guyon, O.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Venet, M.] Pole lEtoile Site Chateau Gombert 38, Astron Observ Marseille, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
[Yamamuro, T.; Bierden, P.] Optcraft Corp, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2291104, Japan.
RP Enya, K (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Kanagawa, Japan.
EM enya@ir.isas.jaxa.jp; tkotani@ir.isas.jaxa.jp; nakagawa@ir.isas.jaxa.jp;
haze@ir.isas.jaxa.jp; higuchi@ir.tsas.jaxa.jp; norio.narita@nao.ac.jp;
motohide.tamura@nao.ac.jp; jun.nishikawa@nao.ac.jp;
misato@iral.ess.osaka-u.ac.jp; shibai@ess.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp;
nmurakami@eng.hokudai.ac.jp; Taro.Matsuo@jpl.nasa.gov; guyon@naoj.org
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 284
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800039
ER
PT B
AU Absil, O
Eiroa, C
Augereau, JC
Beichman, CA
Danchi, WC
Defrere, D
Fridlund, M
Roberge, A
AF Absil, O.
Eiroa, C.
Augereau, J-C
Beichman, C. A.
Danchi, W. C.
Defrere, D.
Fridlund, M.
Roberge, A.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Do we Need to Solve the Exozodi Question? If Yes, How to Best Solve It?
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID DEBRIS DISKS; DUST; SYSTEM; STARS
AB When observing an extrasolar planetary system, the most luminous component after the star itself is generally the light scattered and/or thermally emitted by a population of micron-sized dust grains. These grains are expected to be continuously replenished by the collisions and evaporation of larger bodies just as in our solar zodiacal cloud. Exozodiacal clouds ("exozodis") must therefore be seriously taken into account when attempting to directly image faint Earth-like planets (exoEarths, for short). This paper summarizes the oral contributions and discussions that took place during the Satellite Meeting on exozodiacal dust disks, in an attempt to address the following two questions: Do we need to solve the exozodi question? If yes, how to best solve it?
C1 [Absil, O.; Defrere, D.] Univ Liege, Dept AGO, 17 Allee Six Aout, Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium.
[Eiroa, C.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Augereau, J-C] Univ Joseph Fourier, CNRS, LAOG UMR 5571, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Beichman, C. A.] CALTECH, NExScI, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Danchi, W. C.; Roberge, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Fridlund, M.] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
RP Absil, O (reprint author), Univ Liege, Dept AGO, 17 Allee Six Aout, Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium.
EM absil@astro.ulg.ac.be; carlos.eiroa@uam.es; chas@pop.jpl.nasa.gov;
william.c.danchi@nasa.gov; defrere@astro.ulg.ac.be;
malcolm.fridlund@esa.int; Aki.Roberge@nasa.gov
RI Roberge, Aki/D-2782-2012
OI Roberge, Aki/0000-0002-2989-3725
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 293
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800040
ER
PT B
AU Ribas, I
Malbet, F
AF Ribas, I.
Malbet, F.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Designating Habitable Planets for Follow-up Study - What are the
Relative Parameter Spaces of Radial Velocities and Astrometry?
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID STARS
AB In this contribution we summarize the satellite meeting (P2 panel) held at the "Pathways towards Habitable Planets" conference about the complementarity of two techniques, namely astrometry and radial velocities, to detect telluric planets in the habitable zone of solar type stars. This question has a direct impact on the future possibility of launching a characterization mission with the aim of detecting bio-signatures of Earth-like planets. Beyond the level of instrumental noise, the main issue is how to cope with the intrinsic stellar variability due to magnetic activity (i.e., starspots).
C1 [Ribas, I.] Inst Ciencies Espai CSIC IEEC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
[Malbet, F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Malbet, F.] Univ Grenoble J Fourier, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
RP Ribas, I (reprint author), Inst Ciencies Espai CSIC IEEC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
EM iribas@ieec.uab.es; Fabien.Malbet@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 302
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800042
ER
PT B
AU Postman, M
Traub, WA
Krist, J
Stapelfeldt, K
Brown, R
Oegerle, W
Lo, A
Clampin, M
Soummer, R
Wiseman, J
Mountain, M
AF Postman, M.
Traub, W. A.
Krist, J.
Stapelfeldt, K.
Brown, R.
Oegerle, W.
Lo, A.
Clampin, M.
Soummer, R.
Wiseman, J.
Mountain, M.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST):
Characterizing Habitable Worlds
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID EXTRASOLAR TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
AB The Advanced Technology Large Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST) is a set of mission concepts for the next generation UV-Optical-Near Infrared space telescope with an aperture size of 8 to 16 meters. ATLAST, using an internal coronagraph or an external occulter, can characterize the atmosphere and surface of an Earth-sized exoplanet in the habitable zone of long-lived stars at distances up to similar to 45 pc, including its rotation rate, climate, and habitability. ATLAST will also allow us to glean information on the nature of the dominant surface features, changes in cloud cover and climate, and, potentially, seasonal variations in surface vegetation. ATLAST will be able to visit up to 200 stars in 5 years, at least three times each, depending on the technique used for starlight suppression and the telescope aperture. More frequent visits can be made for interesting systems.
C1 [Postman, M.; Brown, R.; Soummer, R.; Mountain, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Traub, W. A.; Krist, J.; Stapelfeldt, K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Oegerle, W.; Clampin, M.; Wiseman, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lo, A.] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA.
RP Postman, M (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM postman@stsci.edu; wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov; amy.lo@ngc.com;
mark.clampin@nasa.gov; soummer@stsci.edu
RI Oegerle, William/C-9070-2012; Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012; Stapelfeldt,
Karl/D-2721-2012
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 361
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800050
ER
PT B
AU Shao, M
Levine, BM
AF Shao, M.
Levine, B. M.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Dilute Aperture Visible Nulling Coronagraphic Imager (DAViNCI)
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
C1 [Shao, M.; Levine, B. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Shao, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 368
EP 374
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800051
ER
PT B
AU Trauger, J
Stapelfeldt, K
Traub, WA
Krist, J
Moody, D
Serabyn, E
Mawet, D
Pueyo, L
Shaklan, S
Henry, C
Park, P
Gappinger, R
Brugarolas, P
Alexander, J
Mireles, V
Dawson, O
Guyon, O
Kasdin, J
Vanderbei, B
Spergel, D
Belikov, R
Marcy, G
Brown, R
Schneider, J
Woodgate, B
Matthews, G
Egerman, R
Voyer, P
Vallone, P
Elias, J
Conturie, Y
Polidan, R
Lillie, C
Spittler, C
Lee, D
Hejal, R
Bronowick, A
Saldivar, N
Ealey, M
Price, T
AF Trauger, J.
Stapelfeldt, K.
Traub, W. A.
Krist, J.
Moody, D.
Serabyn, E.
Mawet, D.
Pueyo, L.
Shaklan, S.
Henry, C.
Park, P.
Gappinger, R.
Brugarolas, P.
Alexander, J.
Mireles, V.
Dawson, O.
Guyon, O.
Kasdin, J.
Vanderbei, B.
Spergel, D.
Belikov, R.
Marcy, G.
Brown, R.
Schneider, J.
Woodgate, B.
Matthews, G.
Egerman, R.
Voyer, P.
Vallone, P.
Elias, J.
Conturie, Y.
Polidan, R.
Lillie, C.
Spittler, C.
Lee, D.
Hejal, R.
Bronowick, A.
Saldivar, N.
Ealey, M.
Price, T.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI ACCESS: A Concept Study for the Direct Imaging and Spectroscopy of
Exoplanetary Systems
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID CORONAGRAPH
AB ACCESS is one of four medium-class mission concepts selected for study in 2008/9 by NASA's Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concepts Study program. In a nutshell, ACCESS evaluates a space telescope designed for extreme high-contrast imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanetary systems. An actively-corrected coronagraph is used to suppress the glare of diffracted and scattered starlight to the levels required for exoplanet imaging. The ACCESS study asks: What is the most capable medium-class coronagraphic mission that is possible with telescope, instrument, and spacecraft technologies available today?
C1 [Trauger, J.; Stapelfeldt, K.; Traub, W. A.; Krist, J.; Moody, D.; Serabyn, E.; Mawet, D.; Pueyo, L.; Shaklan, S.; Henry, C.; Park, P.; Gappinger, R.; Brugarolas, P.; Alexander, J.; Mireles, V.; Dawson, O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Guyon, O.] Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Guyon, O.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kasdin, J.; Vanderbei, B.; Spergel, D.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Belikov, R.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Marcy, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Schneider, J.] Paris Observ, Meudon, France.
[Woodgate, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Matthews, G.; Egerman, R.; Voyer, P.; Vallone, P.; Elias, J.; Conturie, Y.] ITT, Div Space Syst, Rochester, NY 14650 USA.
[Polidan, R.; Lillie, C.; Spittler, C.; Lee, D.; Hejal, R.; Bronowick, A.; Saldivar, N.] Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA.
[Ealey, M.; Price, T.] Northrop Grumman Xinetics, Fort Devens, MA 01434 USA.
RP Trauger, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI Woodgate, Bruce/D-2970-2012; Stapelfeldt, Karl/D-2721-2012
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 375
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800052
ER
PT B
AU Clampin, M
Lyon, RG
AF Clampin, M.
Lyon, R. G.
CA EPIC Sci Team
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI The ExtraSolar Planetary Imaging Coronagraph
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The Extrasolar Planetary Imaging Coronagraph (EPIC) is a 1.65-m telescope employing a visible nulling coronagraph (VNC) to deliver high-contrast images of extrasolar system architectures. EPIC will survey the architectures of exosolar systems, and investigate the physical nature of planets in these solar systems. EPIC will employ a Visible Nulling Coronagraph (VNC), featuring an inner working angle of <= 2 lambda/D, and offers the ideal balance between performance and feasibility of implementation, while not sacrificing science return. The VNC does not demand unrealistic thermal stability from its telescope optics, achieving its primary mirror surface figure requires no new technology, and pointing stability is within state of the art. The EPIC mission will be launched into a drift-away orbit with a five-year mission lifetime.
C1 [Clampin, M.; Lyon, R. G.; EPIC Sci Team] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Clampin, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RI Lyon, Richard/D-5022-2012; Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 383
EP 389
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800053
ER
PT B
AU Guyon, O
Greene, T
Cahoy, K
Shaklan, S
Tenerelli, D
AF Guyon, O.
Greene, T.
Cahoy, K.
Shaklan, S.
Tenerelli, D.
CA PECO Team
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI The Pupil Mapping Exoplanet Coronagraphic Observer (PECO)
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID INDUCED AMPLITUDE APODIZATION; PRINCIPLE
AB The Pupil-mapping Exoplanet Coronagraphic Observer (PECO) is a mission concept using a coronagraphic 1.4-m space-based telescope to both image and characterize extra-solar planetary systems at optical wavelengths. PECO delivers 10(10) contrast at 2 lambda/D separation (0.15 '') using a high-performance Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization (PIAA) coronagraph which remaps the telescope pupil and uses nearly all of the light coming into the aperture. PECO's heliocentric drift-away orbit provides a stable thermal environment for wavefront control. PECO acquires narrow field images simultaneously in 16 spectral bands over wavelengths from 0.4 to 0.9 mu m, utilizing all available photons for maximum wavefront sensing and sensitivity for imaging and spectroscopy. The optical design is optimized for simultaneous low-resolution spectral characterization of both planets and dust disks using a moderate-sized telescope. PECO will image the habitable zones of about 20 known F, G, K stars at a spectral resolution of R similar to 15 with sensitivity sufficient to detect and characterize Earth-like planets and to map dust disks as small as a fraction of our own zodiacal dust cloud brightness. An active technology development program, including coronagraph and wavefront control laboratory demonstrations at NASA Ames and NASA JPL, is currently addressing key technology needs for PECO.
C1 [Guyon, O.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Guyon, O.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Greene, T.; Cahoy, K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Shaklan, S.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Tenerelli, D.] Lockheed Martin Space Corp, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
RP Guyon, O (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 390
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800054
ER
PT B
AU Barry, RK
Danchi, WC
Lopez, B
Rinehart, SA
Absil, O
Augereau, JC
Beust, H
Bonfils, X
Borde, P
Defrere, D
Kern, P
Leger, A
Monin, JL
Mourard, D
Ollivier, M
Petrov, R
Vakili, F
AF Barry, R. K.
Danchi, W. C.
Lopez, B.
Rinehart, S. A.
Absil, O.
Augereau, J. -C.
Beust, H.
Bonfils, X.
Borde, P.
Defrere, D.
Kern, P.
Leger, A.
Monin, J. -L.
Mourard, D.
Ollivier, M.
Petrov, R.
Vakili, F.
CA FKSI Consortium
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI The Fourier-Kelvin Stellar Interferometer: Exploring Exoplanetary
Systems with an Infrared Probe-class Mission
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID PLANETS
AB We report results of a recent engineering study of an enhanced version of the Fourier-Kelvin Stellar Interferometer (FKSI) that includes 1-m diameter primary mirrors, a 20-m baseline, a sun shield with a +/- 45 degrees Field-of-Regard (FoR), and 40K operating temperature. The enhanced FKSI is a two-element milling interferometer operating in the mid-infrared (e.g. similar to 5-15 mu m) designed to measure exozodiacal debris disks around nearby stars with a sensitivity better than one solar system zodi (SSZ) and to characterize the atmospheres of a large sample of known exoplanets. The modifications to the original FKSI design also allows observations of the atmospheres of many super-Earths an a few Earth twins using a combination of spatial modulation and spectral analysis.
C1 [Barry, R. K.; Danchi, W. C.; Rinehart, S. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Lopez, B.; Mourard, D.; Petrov, R.; Vakili, F.] Observ Cote Azur, F-6023 Nice, France.
[Absil, O.; Defrere, D.] Univ Liege, FKSI Consortium, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
[Augereau, J. -C.; Beust, H.; Bonfils, X.; Kern, P.; Monin, J. -L.] LAOG, Grenoble, France.
[Borde, P.; Leger, A.; Ollivier, M.] Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France.
RP Barry, RK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
OI Bonfils, Xavier/0000-0001-9003-8894
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 403
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800057
ER
PT B
AU Goullioud, R
AF Goullioud, R.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI SIM Lite Instrument Description, Operation, and Performance
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory, a space-borne mission to be located in a solar Earth-trailing orbit, will conduct high precision differential astrometry (Marr, Shao & Goullioud 2008). During the 5-year mission, SIM Lite will search about 60 nearby Sun-like stars for exoplanets of mass down to one Earth mass, in the habitable zone of those stars. In addition, SIM Lite will survey the architecture of planetary systems of about 1000 stars of all ages and types. SIM Lite will also build a 4 micro-arc second astrometric grid and perform global astrometry on a variety of astrophysical objects (Unwin et al. 2008). The instrument consists of two Michelson stellar interferometers and a precision telescope. The science interferometer is composed of two 50 cm collectors separated by a 6 meter baseline. The technology development was completed in 2005 (Laskin 2006). The mission is now ready for full flight implementation.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Goullioud, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM renaud.goullioud@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 450
EP 452
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800079
ER
PT B
AU Greene, T
Belikov, R
Connelley, M
Guyon, O
Lynch, D
McKelvey, M
Pluzhnik, E
Witteborn, F
AF Greene, T.
Belikov, R.
Connelley, M.
Guyon, O.
Lynch, D.
McKelvey, M.
Pluzhnik, E.
Witteborn, F.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Testing PIAA Coronagraphs at NASA Ames
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID INDUCED AMPLITUDE APODIZATION
AB We report on our tests of phase induced amplitude apodization (PIAA) coronagraphs in a new laboratory at NASA Ames. This laboratory is operated in a highly stabilized air environment, and it complements existing efforts at NASA,IPL's high contrast imaging testbed. At the time of writing, we are operating a refractive PIAA system and have achieved imaging contrast of 7 x 10(-8) in a dark zone from 2.0 to 4.8 lambda/D from an artificial star. We are also directing L3 Tinsley Laboratories in the fabrication of a next generation polychromatic PIAA coronagraph mirror set.
C1 [Greene, T.; Belikov, R.; Connelley, M.; Lynch, D.; McKelvey, M.; Pluzhnik, E.; Witteborn, F.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Guyon, O.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Greene, T (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM tom.greene@nasa.gov; guyon@naoj.org
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 453
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800080
ER
PT B
AU Kane, SR
Mahadevan, S
von Braun, K
Laughlin, G
Howard, A
Ciardi, DR
AF Kane, S. R.
Mahadevan, S.
von Braun, K.
Laughlin, G.
Howard, A.
Ciardi, D. R.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI First Results from the Transit Ephemeris Refinement and Monitoring
Survey (TERMS)
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB Transiting planet discoveries have yielded a plethora of information towards understanding the structure and atmospheres of extra-solar planets. These discoveries have been restricted to the short-period or low-periastron distance regimes due to the bias inherent in the geometric transit probability. Through the refinement of planetary orbital parmaters, and hence reducing the size of transit windows, long-period planets become feasible targets for photometric follow-up. Here we describe the TERMS project which is monitoring these host stars at predicted transit times.
C1 [Kane, S. R.; von Braun, K.; Ciardi, D. R.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Mahadevan, S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mahadevan, S.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Laughlin, G.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Howard, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kane, SR (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM skane@ipac.caltech.edu; suvrath@astro.ufl.edu; kaspar@caltech.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 464
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800085
ER
PT B
AU Lyon, RG
Clampin, M
Woodruff, RA
Vasudevan, G
Thompson, P
Petrone, P
Madison, T
Rizzo, M
Melnick, G
Tolls, V
AF Lyon, R. G.
Clampin, M.
Woodruff, R. A.
Vasudevan, G.
Thompson, P.
Petrone, P.
Madison, T.
Rizzo, M.
Melnick, G.
Tolls, V.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Visible Nulling Coronagraph Progress Report
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB We report on recent laboratory results with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Visible Nulling Coronagraph (VNC) testbed. We have achieved focal plane contrasts of 10(8) and approaching 10(9) at inner working angles of 2 lambda/D and 4 lambda/D, respectively. Results were obtained with a broadband source and 40 nm filter centered on 630 nm. A null control breadboard (NCB) was also developed to assess and quantify MEMS based deformable mirror technology (DM), and to develop and assess closed-loop null control algorithms. We have demonstrated closed-loop performance at 27 Hz.
C1 [Lyon, R. G.; Clampin, M.; Thompson, P.; Madison, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Woodruff, R. A.; Vasudevan, G.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Thompson, P.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Rizzo, M.] Inst Super Aeronautique Espace, Toulouse, France.
[Melnick, G.; Tolls, V.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lyon, RG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Richard.G.Lyon@nasa.gov; mark.clampin@nasa.gov
RI Lyon, Richard/D-5022-2012; Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 485
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800093
ER
PT B
AU Malbet, F
Catanzarite, J
Shao, M
Zhai, C
AF Malbet, F.
Catanzarite, J.
Shao, M.
Zhai, C.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Checking Stability of Planet Orbits in Multiple-planet Systems
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The SIM Lite mission will undertake several planet surveys. One of them, the Deep Planet Survey, is designed to detect Earth-mass exoplanets in the habitable zones of nearby main sequence stars. A double blind study has been conducted to assess the capability of SIM to detect such small planets in a multi-planet system where several giant planets might be present. One of the tools which helped in deciding if the detected planets were real was an orbit integrator using the publicly available HNBody code so that the orbit solutions could be analyzed in terms of temporal stability over many orbits. In this contribution, we describe the implementation of this integrator and analyze the different blind test solutions. We also discuss the usefulness of this method given that some planets might be not detected, but still affect the overall stability of the system.
C1 [Malbet, F.] Univ Grenoble, J Fourier CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble, BP 53, Grenoble, France.
[Catanzarite, J.; Shao, M.; Zhai, C.] Jet Prop Lab, California Inst Technol, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Malbet, F (reprint author), Univ Grenoble, J Fourier CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble, BP 53, Grenoble, France.
EM Fabien.Malbet@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr; Joseph.H.Catanzarite@jpl.nasa.gov;
michael.shao@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 488
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800094
ER
PT B
AU Martin, SR
Scharf, DP
Wirz, R
Purcell, G
Rodriguez, J
AF Martin, S. R.
Scharf, D. P.
Wirz, R.
Purcell, G.
Rodriguez, J.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI A Mid-infrared Space Observatory for Characterizing Exoplanets
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The TPF-Darwin planet-finding concept is a space-based mid-IR nulling interferometer consisting of four formation flying reflecting mirrors focusing light into a separate beam combiner spacecraft. As a flagship mission it is a highly capable instrument with the principal science goal of detecting Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of nearby stars (up to 15 parsec) from their thermal emission, and characterizing their physical properties. Measurements can be made of the size, temperature, orbit, and of the presence of an atmosphere with moderate resolution (R = 50) spectra to reveal bio-markers such as ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor. The sensitivity is such that a whole planetary system clown to half Earth-size planets can be detected in a single day and in a five-year mission life, revisits and repeat detections would reveal the system dynamics. For the most interesting objects, longer measurement series would reveal the detailed thermal spectrum; these measurements would take place in the later part of the mission. The system also has a general astrophysics capability for investigations of distant compact objects and the mission timeline provides ample opportunities for such observations. The mission would use a single heavy launch vehicle to place the system at L2 Sun-Earth halo orbit. This poster shows the main mission elements, the spacecraft design and formation flying, and xenon-ion thruster technologies. Many of the ideas have been developed with European colleagues and the mission has potential to be a collaborative effort between the US and European space agencies.
C1 [Martin, S. R.; Scharf, D. P.; Wirz, R.; Purcell, G.; Rodriguez, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Martin, SR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM stefan.r.martin@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 493
EP 496
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800096
ER
PT B
AU Matsuo, T
Traub, WA
Tamura, M
Makoto, H
AF Matsuo, T.
Traub, W. A.
Tamura, M.
Makoto, H.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Spectral Imaging with Nulling Interferometer
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB Various methods of synthesis imaging with nulling interferometers have been proposed. These methods are based on the principle that brightness distribution in the sky is reconstructed through Fourier transformation of complex visibility. Here, we present a novel imaging interferometry technique for direct detection of exoplanets. According to this new method, only two measurements of the complex visibility are required for reconstruction of the sky. Spectra of the planets can be also estimated from information on their positions and the complex visibilities, its number corresponding to the number of the planets. This paper shows the theory of this new imaging method.
C1 [Matsuo, T.; Tamura, M.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Matsuo, T.; Traub, W. A.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Makoto, H.] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
RP Matsuo, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
EM Taro.Matsuo@jpl.nasa.gov; wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov; motohide.tamura@nao.ac.jp
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 499
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800098
ER
PT B
AU Matsuo, T
Traub, WA
Tamura, M
Makoto, H
AF Matsuo, T.
Traub, W. A.
Tamura, M.
Makoto, H.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Multiple Aperture Imaging and its Application to Exo-Earth Imager
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB We present a new concept for the Exo-Earth Imager. According to this concept, only two apertures (millers) allow us to take a spatially resolved image of an exo-Earth. This concept can be also applied to classical interferometers.
C1 [Matsuo, T.; Tamura, M.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Matsuo, T.; Traub, W. A.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Makoto, H.] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
RP Matsuo, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
EM Taro.Matsuo@jpl.nasa.gov; wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov; motohide.tamura@nao.ac.jp
RI Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 501
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800099
ER
PT B
AU Rinehart, SA
AF Rinehart, S. A.
CA BETTII Team
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI The Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observatoire Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB Astronomical studies at infrared wavelengths have dramatically improved our understanding of the universe, and Herschel and SOFIA will continue to provide exciting new discoveries. However, the relatively low angular resolution of these missions limits our ability to answer key science questions. Interferometry enables high angular resolution at long wavelengths - a powerful tool for scientific discovery. We will build the Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII), and eight-meter baseline Michelson stellar interferometer to fly on a high-altitude balloon. BETTII, using a double-Fourier technique, will simultaneously obtain spatial and spectral information. Further, BETTII will serve as a technological pathfinder for future space-based interferometers such as FKSI, TPF-I, and Darwin.
C1 [Rinehart, S. A.; BETTII Team] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rinehart, SA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Stephen.A.Rinehart@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 524
EP 525
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800109
ER
PT B
AU Schuller, PA
Lawson, PR
Lay, OP
Leger, A
Martin, SR
AF Schuller, P. A.
Lawson, P. R.
Lay, O. P.
Leger, A.
Martin, S. R.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI US and European Technology Roadmap for a Mid-infrared Space
Interferometer
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB Studies of mid-infrared space interferometer concepts in the USA and in Europe have converged on a single architecture. We address the question of how the US and European communities could collaborate to advance technology efforts leading to a future space mission. We present the current state of the art in nulling interferometry, as demonstrated at ambient temperature and pressure in the lab, and outline required steps to demonstrate its performance under space conditions. Design studies of a cryogenic optical test bench under vacuum have already been carried out. We highlight pre-conditions and constraints of a collaborative effort, foreseeable practical and administrative challenges, and possible strategies to meet those challenges.
C1 [Schuller, P. A.; Leger, A.] Univ Paris 11, IAS, Bat 121, Orsay, France.
[Lawson, P. R.; Lay, O. P.; Martin, S. R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Schuller, PA (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, IAS, Bat 121, Orsay, France.
EM peter.schuller@ias.u-psud.fr; Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov;
Alain.Leger@ias.fr; stefan.r.martin@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 536
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800115
ER
PT J
AU Booth-Morrison, C
Zhou, Y
Noebe, RD
Seidman, DN
AF Booth-Morrison, Christopher
Zhou, Yang
Noebe, Ronald D.
Seidman, David N.
TI On the nanometer scale phase separation of a low-supersaturation
Ni-Al-Cr alloy
SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE nickel-based superalloy; phase decomposition; atom probe tomography;
temporal evolution; nanostructure
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE; OSTWALD RIPENING THEORIES; MONTE-CARLO
SIMULATIONS; NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS; TEMPORAL EVOLUTION; NONUNIFORM
SYSTEM; FREE ENERGY; MULTICOMPONENT ALLOYS; COARSENING KINETICS;
SOLID-SOLUTIONS
AB The phase separation of a Ni-6.5 Al-9.5 Cr at. % alloy aged at 873 K was studied by atom-probe tomography and compared to the predictions of classical precipitation models. Phase separation in this alloy occurs in four distinct regimes: (i) quasi-stationary-state gamma'(L1(2))-precipitate nucleation; (ii) concomitant precipitate nucleation, growth and coagulation and coalescence; (iii) concurrent growth and coarsening, wherein coarsening occurs via both gamma'-precipitate coagulation and coalescence and by the classical evaporation-condensation mechanism; and (iv) quasi-stationary-state coarsening of gamma'-precipitates, once the equilibrium volume fraction of precipitates is achieved. The predictions of classical nucleation and growth models are not validated experimentally, likely due to the complexity of the atomistic kinetic pathways involved in precipitation. During coarsening, the temporal evolution of the gamma'-precipitate average radius, number density and the gamma(fcc)-matrix and gamma'-precipitate supersaturations follow the predictions of classical models.
C1 [Booth-Morrison, Christopher; Zhou, Yang; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Noebe, Ronald D.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Atom Probe Tomog NUCAPT, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Seidman, DN (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM d-seidman@northwestern.edu
RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-080461]; NSF-MRI [DMR 0420532];
ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539]
FX This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation under
grant DMR-080461, Dr. H. Chopra, grant officer. APT measurements were
performed at the Northwestern University Center for Atom Probe
Tomography (NUCAPT). The LEAP tomograph was purchased and upgraded with
funding from the NSF-MRI (DMR 0420532, Dr. C. Bouldin, grant officer)
and ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798 and N00014-0610539, Dr. J. Christodoulou,
grant officer). We extend our gratitude to Dr. C. Campbell of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Metallurgy Division,
(Gaithersburg, MD) for diffusivity calculations and to Dr. D. Isheim for
managing NUCAPT, and for discussions of our results. We thank Prof G. B.
Olson and Dr. H.-J. Jou of QuesTek LLC (Evanston, IL) for use of
PrecipiCalc.
NR 77
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 24
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1478-6435
J9 PHILOS MAG
JI Philos. Mag.
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 1-4
BP 219
EP 235
DI 10.1080/14786430902806660
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics
GA 556FX
UT WOS:000274576500015
ER
PT J
AU Milliken, RE
Bish, DL
AF Milliken, Ralph E.
Bish, David L.
TI Sources and sinks of clay minerals on Mars
SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; clays; infrared spectroscopy; sediment transport
ID HEMISPHERIC DICHOTOMY; MAWRTH-VALLIS; ORIGIN; BASIN; PHYLLOSILICATES;
ENVIRONMENTS; EVOLUTION; DEPOSITS; HISTORY; CRATER
AB The recent identification of clay minerals on the Martian surface using visible-near infrared reflectance spectroscopy has had a profound effect on our view of aqueous alteration on Mars. Smectite, chlorite, kaolin group, and serpentine group minerals have been detected using the CRISM and OMEGA spectrometers, with Fe/Mg-smectite and chlorite varieties being the dominant types discovered throughout the ancient crust. Aqueous, eolian, and impact processes have transported and recycled some of these clays such that their current locations may not accurately reflect their formation environments. However, detrital clays could prove useful for constraining transport pathways and sediment provenance. Here we discuss the impact craters and channels that comprise the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava system, including Holden, Eberswalde, and Ladon craters, which represents a large-scale sediment sink for clay minerals derived from the surrounding Noachian crust. This system contains thick deposits of clay mineral-bearing strata that likely record a wide range of alluvial, fluvial, lacustrine, and eolian processes that provide direct insight into the Martian clay cycle. Broad concepts of sediment sources, sinks, and sediment transport paths can be outlined using orbital data, but future in situ exploration of the Martian sedimentary rock record will be necessary to distinguish fully between detrital and authigenic clay minerals, and thus to determine environmental conditions and transitions on ancient Mars.
C1 [Milliken, Ralph E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bish, David L.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
RP Milliken, RE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 183-301,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM ralph.milliken@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX The research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 38
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 4
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1478-6435
EI 1478-6443
J9 PHILOS MAG
JI Philos. Mag.
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 17-18
BP 2293
EP 2308
AR PII 921040950
DI 10.1080/14786430903575132
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics
GA 602UE
UT WOS:000278163500002
ER
PT J
AU Bonaccorsi, R
McKay, CP
Chen, B
AF Bonaccorsi, Rosalba
McKay, Christopher P.
Chen, Bin
TI Biomass and habitability potential of clay minerals- and iron-rich
environments: Testing novel analogs for Mars Science Laboratory landing
sites candidates
SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE phyllosilicates; Mars Science Laboratory; Gram-negative biomass; organic
biosignatures
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; ATACAMA DESERT; RIO TINTO; SOILS;
PRESERVATION; OXIDATION; DEPOSITS; LIFE; MICROORGANISMS
AB The landing site of the next mission to Mars (the US 2011 Mars Science Laboratory) will include phyllosilicate outcrops as targets for investigating the geological and biological history of the planet. In this context, we present a preliminary study assessing the living biomass and habitability potential in mineralogical Mars analogs by means of multi-component investigations (X-ray diffraction, microRaman spectroscopy and SEM\EDX). Phyllosilicate and hematite-rich deposits from the Atacama Desert (Chile), Death Valley (CA), and the California Coast, encompassing a broad arid to hyper-arid climate range (annual rainfall 0.2 to 700 mm/year), were analyzed for total and viable Gram-negative biomass, i.e. adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assays. Basic observations were: (1) there is no systematic pattern in biomass content of clay-rich versus non-clay (oxidized) materials; (2) Atacama desiccation polygons (6.0 x 104 cells/g) and contiguous hematite-rich deposits contain the lowest biomass (1.2 x 105 cells/g), which is even lower than that of coarse-grained soil nearby (3.3-5.0 x 105 cells/g); (3) the Atacama clay-rich samples (illite-muscovite and kaolinite) are three orders of magnitude lower than surface clay (montmorillonite, illite, and chlorite) from Death Valley; and (4) finally, and unexpectedly, the Gram-negative content (6.4 x 107 cells/g) of clay mineral-rich materials from the arid Death Valley region is up to six times higher than that (1.5 to 3.0 x 107 cells/g) of water-saturated massive clays (kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite) from the California Coast (wetter end-member). MicroRaman spectroscopy investigation on a Death Valley sample indicates that gypsum (1008, 618, and 414 cm-1 Raman shift), and inferred associated organic (scytonemin) biosignatures (1281 cm-1) for the measured Gram-negatives (cyanobacteria) were successfully captured.
C1 [Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; McKay, Christopher P.; Chen, Bin] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Bonaccorsi, Rosalba] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Chen, Bin] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Elect Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; Chen, Bin] NASA Ames, Adv Studies Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Bonaccorsi, R (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM rosalba.bonaccorsi-1@nasa.gov
FU NASA
FX We thank Stephen B. Robie (EAG), John Noble for graphics development and
Carrie Chavez for editorial assistance. We also thank an anonymous
referee for helpful comments and assistance with interpretation of clay
minerals data. This research has been partially funded by the NASA
Planetary Protection Program.
NR 64
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1478-6435
EI 1478-6443
J9 PHILOS MAG
JI Philos. Mag.
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 17-18
BP 2309
EP 2327
AR PII 922579260
DI 10.1080/14786435.2010.486374
PG 19
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics
GA 602UE
UT WOS:000278163500003
ER
PT J
AU Mendelev, MI
Kramer, MJ
Ott, RT
Sordelet, DJ
Besser, MF
Kreyssig, A
Goldman, AI
Wessels, V
Sahu, KK
Kelton, KF
Hyers, RW
Canepari, S
Rogers, JR
AF Mendelev, M. I.
Kramer, M. J.
Ott, R. T.
Sordelet, D. J.
Besser, M. F.
Kreyssig, A.
Goldman, A. I.
Wessels, V.
Sahu, K. K.
Kelton, K. F.
Hyers, R. W.
Canepari, S.
Rogers, J. R.
TI Experimental and computer simulation determination of the structural
changes occurring through the liquid-glass transition in Cu-Zr alloys
SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular dynamics simulation; X-ray diffraction; liquid metal;
amorphous alloy; liquid-glass transition
ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LOCAL ATOMIC ARRANGEMENTS;
INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; POLYTETRAHEDRAL MATERIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
FREE-VOLUME; TRANSFORMATIONS
AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed of the structural changes occurring through the liquid-glass transition in Cu-Zr alloys. The total scattering functions (TSF), and their associated primary diffuse scattering peak positions (Kp), heights (Kh) and full-widths at half maximum (KFWHM) were used as metrics to compare the simulations to high-energy X-ray scattering data. The residuals of difference between the model and experimental TSFs are 0.03 for the liquids and about 0.07 for the glasses. Over the compositional range studied, Zr1-xCux (0.1 x 0.9), Kp, Kh and KFWHM show a strong dependence on composition and temperature. The simulation and experimental data correlate well between each other. MD simulation revealed that the Cu-Zr bonds undergo the largest changes during cooling of the liquid, whereas the Cu-Cu bonds change the least. Changes in the partial-pair correlations are more readily seen in the second and third shells. The Voronoi polyhedra (VP) in glasses are dominated by only a few select types that are compositionally dependent. The relative concentrations of the dominant VPs rapidly change in their relative proportion in the deeply undercooled liquid. The experimentally determined region of best glass formability, xCu 65%, shows the largest temperature dependent changes for the deeply undercooled liquid in the MD simulation. This region also exhibits very strong temperature dependence for the diffusivity and the total energy of the system. These data point to a strong topological change in the best glass-forming alloys and a concurrent change in the VP chemistry in the deeply undercooled liquid.
C1 [Mendelev, M. I.; Kramer, M. J.; Ott, R. T.; Sordelet, D. J.; Besser, M. F.; Kreyssig, A.; Goldman, A. I.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Mendelev, M. I.; Kramer, M. J.; Ott, R. T.; Sordelet, D. J.; Besser, M. F.; Kreyssig, A.; Goldman, A. I.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Wessels, V.; Sahu, K. K.; Kelton, K. F.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Hyers, R. W.; Canepari, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Rogers, J. R.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Mendelev, MI (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mendelev@ameslab.gov
RI Hyers, Robert/G-3755-2010
FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-07CH11358]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-07CH11358]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0606065,
DMR-0856199]; NASA [NNX07AK27G]
FX Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
The high-energy X-ray work at the MUCAT sector of the APS was supported
by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Ames Laboratory is operated for
the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11358. The work at Washington University was partially
supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos.
DMR-0606065 and DMR-0856199, and by NASA under Contract No. NNX07AK27G.
NR 42
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1478-6435
J9 PHILOS MAG
JI Philos. Mag.
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 29
BP 3795
EP 3815
AR PII 923939337
DI 10.1080/14786435.2010.494585
PG 21
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics
GA 641YC
UT WOS:000281167800002
ER
PT S
AU Adamovsky, G
Wrbanek, S
Floyd, B
Crotty, M
AF Adamovsky, G.
Wrbanek, S.
Floyd, B.
Crotty, M.
BE Schriemer, HP
Kleiman, RN
TI Polarization Dependent Coupling of Whispering Gallery Modes in
Microspheres
SO PHOTONICS NORTH 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Photonics North 2010
CY JUN 01-03, 2010
CL Niagara Falls, CANADA
SP OPIN, Quebec Photon Network, INO, CPC, SPIE
DE Optical Resonances; Polarization; Waveguides; Microspheres
ID FIBERS; RESONANCES
AB Two sets of resonances in glass microspheres attached to a standard communication grade single mode optical fiber have been observed. It has been found that the strength of the resonances depends strongly on the polarization of the coupled light. Furthermore, the position of the resonances in the wavelength domain depends on the polarization of light in the optical fiber with maximum magnitudes shifted by approximately 45 degrees.
C1 [Adamovsky, G.; Wrbanek, S.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Adamovsky, G (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8241-9
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7750
AR 77500Q
DI 10.1117/12.873967
PG 14
WC Biophysics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Biophysics; Materials Science; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA BTP48
UT WOS:000287707900025
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, CJ
Jamieson, CS
Kaiser, RI
AF Bennett, Chris J.
Jamieson, Corey S.
Kaiser, Ralf I.
TI Mechanistical studies on the formation and destruction of carbon
monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon trioxide (CO3) in
interstellar ice analog samples
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-IMPACT DISSOCIATION; INFRARED SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; 10 K;
GALILEAN SATELLITES; ABSORPTION FEATURES; SYMMETRIC ISOMER; 1ST
DETECTION; SOLAR-SYSTEM; OXYGEN; MOLECULES
AB A series of ice mixtures containing carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and molecular oxygen (O-2) with varying carbon-to-oxygen ratios from 1 : 1.5 to 1 : 4 were irradiated at 10 K with energetic electrons to derive formation mechanisms and destruction pathways of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon trioxide (CO3) in extraterrestrial, low temperature ices. Reactants and products were analyzed on line and in situ via absorption-reflection-absorption FTIR spectroscopy in the solid state, while the gas phase was sampled by a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). Additionally, isotopically mixed ices consisting of (i) (CO)-C-13 : (CO)-O-18 : CO2, (ii) CO2 : (CO2)-O-18, and (iii) CO2 : O-18(2) were irradiated in order to derive mechanistical and kinetic information on the production and destruction pathways of the following species: (i) (CO)-C-13, (CO)-O-18, CO2, CO, (CO2)-C-13, (OCO)-O-18, and (CO3)-C-13 (C-2v), (ii) CO2, (CO2)-O-18, CO, (CO)-O-18, (OCO)-O-18, CO3 (C-2v), (OCOO)-O-18 (C-2v), (OCO2)-O-18 (C-2v), (OCO2)-O-18 (C-2v), (OCOO)-O-18-O-18 (C-2v), and (CO3)-O-18 (C-2v), and (iii) CO2, CO, (OCO)-O-18, (CO)-O-18, and (CO2)-O-18.
C1 [Bennett, Chris J.; Jamieson, Corey S.; Kaiser, Ralf I.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Bennett, Chris J.; Kaiser, Ralf I.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Bennett, Chris J.; Kaiser, Ralf I.] Univ Hawaii, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Kaiser, RI (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM ralfk@hawaii.edu
OI Bennett, Christopher/0000-0002-4181-6976
NR 57
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 16
BP 4032
EP 4050
DI 10.1039/b917162b
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 580SI
UT WOS:000276469600011
PM 20379495
ER
PT J
AU Nachtigallova, D
Lischka, H
Szymczak, JJ
Barbatti, M
Hobza, P
Gengeliczki, Z
Pino, G
Callahan, MP
de Vries, MS
AF Nachtigallova, Dana
Lischka, Hans
Szymczak, Jaroslaw J.
Barbatti, Mario
Hobza, Pavel
Gengeliczki, Zsolt
Pino, Gustavo
Callahan, Michael P.
de Vries, Mattanjah S.
TI The effect of C5 substitution on the photochemistry of uracil
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS;
PHOTOINDUCED NONADIABATIC DYNAMICS; 2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORY;
EXCITED-STATE LIFETIMES; AB-INITIO; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; GAS-PHASE;
PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOBASES; IDENTITY APPROXIMATION
AB A combined experimental and theoretical study on the excited-state behavior of the uracil analogues, 5-OH-Ura and 5-NH(2)-Ura is reported. Two-photon ionization and IR/UV double-resonant spectra show that there is only one tautomer present for each with an excited state lifetime of 1.8 ns for 5-OH-Ura and 12.0 ns for 5-NH(2)-Ura as determined from pump-probe experiments. The nature of the excited states of both species is investigated by means of multi-reference ab initio methods. Vertical excitation energies, excited state minima, minima on the crossing seam and reaction paths towards them are determined. Sizeable barriers on these paths are found that provide an explanation for the lifetimes of several nanoseconds observed in the experiment.
C1 [Nachtigallova, Dana; Lischka, Hans; Hobza, Pavel] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
[Lischka, Hans; Szymczak, Jaroslaw J.; Barbatti, Mario] Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Chem, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Gengeliczki, Zsolt] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Pino, Gustavo] Natl Univ Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina.
[Callahan, Michael P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[de Vries, Mattanjah S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Nachtigallova, D (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Flemingovo Nam 2, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
EM dana.nachtigallova@uochb.cas.cz; hans.lischka@univie.ac.at;
devries@chem.ucsb.edu
RI Callahan, Michael/D-3630-2012; Szymczak, Jaroslaw/G-3604-2011; Barbatti,
Mario/F-5647-2014; Hobza, Pavel/G-8060-2014; Lischka, Hans/A-8802-2015
OI Szymczak, Jaroslaw/0000-0001-8788-0394; Barbatti,
Mario/0000-0001-9336-6607;
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0911564]; Austrian Science Fund
[P18411-N19]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [LC512];
Preamium Academiae of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic;
[Z40550506]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under CHE-0911564. This work has been supported by the
Austrian Science Fund within the framework of the Special Research
Program F16 (Advanced Light Sources) and Project P18411-N19, and by
grants from the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (Center for
Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, LC512). It was part of
research project Z40550506. Support from the Preamium Academiae of the
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, awarded to PH in 2007, is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 67
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 18
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 19
BP 4924
EP 4933
DI 10.1039/b925803p
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 592EM
UT WOS:000277359300005
PM 20445900
ER
PT J
AU Kisiel, Z
Dorosh, O
Maeda, A
Medvedev, IR
De Lucia, FC
Herbst, E
Drouin, BJ
Pearson, JC
Shipman, ST
AF Kisiel, Zbigniew
Dorosh, Orest
Maeda, Atsuko
Medvedev, Ivan R.
De Lucia, Frank C.
Herbst, Eric
Drouin, Brian J.
Pearson, John C.
Shipman, Steven T.
TI Determination of precise relative energies of conformers of n-propanol
by rotational spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBMILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTRUM; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENTS;
GAUCHE-ETHYL-ALCOHOL; MILLIMETER-WAVE; MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY;
SUPERSONIC JETS; DIETHYL-ETHER; TRANSFORM; MOLECULES; ALKANOLS
AB The rotational spectrum of n-propanol (n-CH(3)CH(2)CH(2)OH) was studied with several techniques of contemporary broadband rotational spectroscopy at frequencies from 8 to 550 GHz. Rotational transitions in all five conformers of the molecule, Gt, Gg, Gg', Tt, and Tg, have been unambiguously assigned. Over 6700 lines of the Gt, Gg, and Gg' species, for quantum number values reaching K(a) = 33 and J = 67, were fitted in a joint analysis leading to the determination of Delta E(Gg-Gt) = 47.82425(25) cm(-1) and Delta E (Gg'-Gg) = 3.035047(11) cm(-1). Stark effect measurements in supersonic expansion were used to further confirm the assignment. The results are compared with those for the ethanol molecule and with ab initio calculations, allowing several inferences to be drawn concerning the differences in the large amplitude torsional potential of the hydroxyl group in the two molecules.
C1 [Kisiel, Zbigniew; Dorosh, Orest] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
[Maeda, Atsuko; Medvedev, Ivan R.; De Lucia, Frank C.; Herbst, Eric] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Drouin, Brian J.; Pearson, John C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Shipman, Steven T.] New Coll Florida, Div Nat Sci, Sarasota, FL 34243 USA.
RP Kisiel, Z (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
EM kisiel@ifpan.edu.pl
RI Medvedev, Ivan/E-8486-2014; Kisiel, Zbigniew/K-8798-2016
OI Kisiel, Zbigniew/0000-0002-2570-3154
FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N-N202-0541-33]; NASA
FX ZK and OD acknowledge financial support from the Polish Ministry of
Science and Higher Education, grant no N-N202-0541-33. FDL and EH
acknowledge the support of NASA for their program in laboratory
astrophysics. Portions of this research were carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. STS
acknowledges Benjamin Kriegel for assistance with data collection and
also acknowledges both New College of Florida and the Donors of the
American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of
this research.
NR 50
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 19
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 29
BP 8329
EP 8339
DI 10.1039/c002156c
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 625RJ
UT WOS:000279912400017
PM 20502812
ER
PT S
AU Deleuil, M
Bouret, JC
Feldman, P
des Etangs, AL
Martin-Zaidi, C
Roberge, A
Vidal-Madjar, A
AF Deleuil, M.
Bouret, J. C.
Feldman, P.
des Etangs, A. Lecavelier
Martin-Zaidi, C.
Roberge, A.
Vidal-Madjar, A.
BE Montmerle, T
Ehrenreich, D
Lagrange, AM
TI MOLECULAR HYDROGEN IN THE CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS OF PRE-MAIN SEQUENCE STARS
SO PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS
SE EAS Publications Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Les Houches Summer School on Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary
Systems
CY FEB 18-29, 2008
CL Les Houches, FRANCE
SP CNRS
ID FLUORESCENT H-2 EMISSION; T-TAURI; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; FUSE
OBSERVATIONS; AU-MICROSCOPII; AB-AURIGAE; GAS; SEARCH; HD-97048; SPECTRA
AB Circumstellar disks surrounding young forming stars, are likely the location where planets form. While the gaseous phase represents up to similar to 99% of the disk mass and control the dynamics, most of disk properties relies on dust analyses. The main constituent of the gaseous component, molecular hydrogen (H-2), remains nearly out of reach and the gas disk is probed through emission lines of minor tracers, such as CO. In this lecture, we will first recall how H-2 symmetric molecular structure makes its detection difficult. We will then review the most significant results achieved so far, thanks to new generation of ground and space-based telescopes, with a special emphasize given to Herbig Ae/be, which are pre-main sequence stars of intermediate mass. Though the first direct estimates of circumstellar disk mass have been reported, observation of H-2 is still challenging detection.
C1 [Deleuil, M.; Bouret, J. C.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 6110, Technopole Marseille Etoile, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
[Feldman, P.; Roberge, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[des Etangs, A. Lecavelier; Vidal-Madjar, A.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Martin-Zaidi, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Astrophys Lab, Grenoble, France.
[Roberge, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Deleuil, M (reprint author), Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 6110, Technopole Marseille Etoile, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
EM magali.deleuil@oamp.fr
RI Roberge, Aki/D-2782-2012
OI Roberge, Aki/0000-0002-2989-3725
FU NASA by the Johns Hopkins University under NASA [NAS5-32985]
FX This research is based on observations made with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. FUSE is operatedfor NASA by the
Johns Hopkins University under NASA contract NAS5-32985.This work was
done using the profile fitting procedure Owens.f developed by M.Lemoine
and theFUSEFrench Team. C. M.-Z. warmly thanks David Hollenbachfor
fruitful discussions about the possible sources of hot excited H2. We
thankD. Ehrenreich, B. Godard at JHU, and J.-C. Meunier at the LAM for
their helpin reprocessing the data
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0490-0
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 155
EP +
DI 10.1051/eas/1041011
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPT88
UT WOS:000279918700011
ER
PT S
AU Marley, MS
AF Marley, M. S.
BE Montmerle, T
Ehrenreich, D
Lagrange, AM
TI THE ATMOSPHERES OF EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
SO PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS
SE EAS Publications Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Les Houches Summer School on Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary
Systems
CY FEB 18-29, 2008
CL Les Houches, FRANCE
SP CNRS
ID GIANT PLANETS; HD 209458B; BROWN DWARFS; LIGHT CURVES; NEPTUNE;
INVERSION; MAGNITUDE; CHEMISTRY; SPECTRUM; ALBEDO
AB The characteristics of irradiated solar system planetary atmospheres have been studied for decades. Modern planetary science benefits from an exhaustive body of ground- and space-based data. The study of extrasolar planetary atmospheres, by contrast, is in its infancy and currently rests on a few score of datapoints, mostly of the transiting planets. As the study of exoplanetary atmospheres blossoms, it is well worth remembering lessons learned from the solar system. In this contribution, based on my Les Houches lecture on exoplanet atmospheres, I briefly review a few of the key concepts relevant to understanding planetary atmospheres and point to examples both in our own solar system and among the exoplanets. This short survey aims not to review the field but rather stresses the importance of understanding the structure, dynamics, cloud processes and photochemistry of planetary atmospheres and points the reader towards useful reference works. Here I particularly explain the importance of cloud and photochemical processes in controlling the spectra and albedos of extrasolar planets and urge that care be taken in the interpretation of exoplanet colors.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Marley, MS (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM mark.s.marley@nasa.gov
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0490-0
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 411
EP 428
DI 10.1051/eas/1041034
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPT88
UT WOS:000279918700034
ER
PT S
AU Heap, SR
AF Heap, S. R.
BE Montmerle, T
Ehrenreich, D
Lagrange, AM
TI DETECTING BIOMARKERS IN EXOPLANETARY ATMOSPHERES WITH TERRESTRIAL PLANET
FINDER
SO PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS
SE EAS Publications Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Les Houches Summer School on Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary
Systems
CY FEB 18-29, 2008
CL Les Houches, FRANCE
SP CNRS
AB Current design concepts for an optical terrestrial planet-finding mission (TPF) are limited to the spectral range, 0.4-1.05 mu m. However, there are good reasons to extend the spectral range of observation to shorter wavelengths such as higher angular resolution. But the most important reason is that the sensitivity to the presence of life on habitable exoplanets is increased over a hundred-fold by access to the ozone biomarker in the mid-ultraviolet.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Heap, SR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM heap@srh.gsfc.nasa.gov
RI heap, sara/E-2237-2012
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0490-0
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 517
EP 520
DI 10.1051/eas/1041042
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPT88
UT WOS:000279918700042
ER
PT J
AU Birn, J
Hesse, M
AF Birn, J.
Hesse, M.
TI Energy release and transfer in guide field reconnection
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic reconnection; plasma magnetohydrodynamics; plasma simulation
ID COLLISIONLESS MAGNETIC RECONNECTION
AB Properties of energy release and transfer by magnetic reconnection in the presence of a guide field are investigated on the basis of 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Two initial configurations are considered: a plane current sheet with a uniform guide field of 80% of the reconnecting magnetic field component and a force-free current sheet in which the magnetic field strength is constant but the field direction rotates by 180 degrees through the current sheet. The onset of reconnection is stimulated by localized, temporally limited compression. Both MHD and PIC simulations consistently show that the outgoing energy fluxes are dominated by (redirected) Poynting flux and enthalpy flux, whereas bulk kinetic energy flux and heat flux (in the PIC simulation) are small. The Poynting flux is mainly associated with the magnetic energy of the guide field which is carried from inflow to outflow without much alteration. The conversion of annihilated magnetic energy to enthalpy flux (that is, thermal energy) stems mainly from the fact that the outflow occurs into a closed field region governed by approximate force balance between Lorentz and pressure gradient forces. Therefore, the energy converted from magnetic to kinetic energy by Lorentz force acceleration becomes immediately transferred to thermal energy by the work done by the pressure gradient force. Strong similarities between late stages of MHD and PIC simulations result from the fact that conservation of mass and entropy content and footpoint displacement of magnetic flux tubes, imposed in MHD, are also approximately satisfied in the PIC simulations.
C1 [Birn, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hesse, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jbirn@lanl.gov
RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; NASA MMS, Science Team/J-5393-2013
OI NASA MMS, Science Team/0000-0002-9504-5214
FU NASA's MMS/SMART program
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy, supported by NASA's Heliophysics Theory, Living With a Star, and
SR&T Programs, and through a grant from NASA's MMS/SMART program.
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 1
AR 012109
DI 10.1063/1.3299388
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 551BF
UT WOS:000274179600013
ER
PT S
AU Usmanov, AV
Goldstein, ML
AF Usmanov, A. V.
Goldstein, M. L.
BE LeRoux, JA
Florinski, V
Zank, GP
Coates, AJ
TI Global Solar Wind Structure: Effects of Pickup Protons
SO PICKUP IONS THROUGHOUT THE HELIOSPHERE AND BEYOND
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAR 14-19, 2010
CL Maui, HI
SP Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE solar wind plasma; interplanetary magnetic field; pickup protons
ID INTERSTELLAR NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; ELECTRON HEAT-CONDUCTION; DISTANT
HELIOSPHERE; MODEL; TERMINATION; IONS; GAS
AB The structure of the heliosphere is strongly affected by the pickup protons produced by the photoionization of the interstellar neutral hydrogen and by the charge exchange of the hydrogen atoms with solar wind protons. In the distant heliosphere (r > 5-10 AU), the thermal pressure of pickup protons is higher than the solar-wind proton and electron pressures, and the energy and momentum redistribution between solar-wind and pickup protons leads to a deceleration of the solar wind flow and to an increase of average plasma temperature with heliocentric distance. The deceleration effect, combined with the additional plasma pressure from the pickup protons, acts to weaken the corotating interaction regions (CIRs). It causes, however, an overall compression of the (mostly azimuthal) interplanetary magnetic field. Using a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic solar wind model that describes the pickup protons as a separate fluid, we have simulated the magnetic field and plasma distribution throughout the heliosphere to 100 AU. The source magnetic field on the Sun is assumed to be a tilted or non-tilted dipole. Comparing the simulation runs with and without pickup protons, we quantitatively evaluate the effect of the solar wind deceleration on the weakening of the CIRs and on the increase of interplanetary magnetic field intensity. Unlike our earlier studies, the present simulations incorporate Hollweg's "collisionless" heat flux approximation that obviates the need to use a non-adiabatic polytropic index.
C1 [Usmanov, A. V.; Goldstein, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Usmanov, AV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 673, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Goldstein, Melvyn/B-1724-2008; Usmanov, Arcadi/A-9860-2013
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0857-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1302
BP 24
EP 30
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTG72
UT WOS:000286910100004
ER
PT S
AU Smith, CW
Isenberg, PA
Joyce, CJ
Cannon, BE
Murphy, N
Nuno, RG
Schwadron, NA
AF Smith, Charles W.
Isenberg, Philip A.
Joyce, Colin J.
Cannon, Bradford E.
Murphy, Neil
Nuno, Raquel G.
Schwadron, Nathan A.
BE LeRoux, JA
Florinski, V
Zank, GP
Coates, AJ
TI Ulysses and Voyager Observations of Waves Due to Interstellar Pickup H+
and He+
SO PICKUP IONS THROUGHOUT THE HELIOSPHERE AND BEYOND
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAR 14-19, 2010
CL Maui, HI
SP Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE Interstellar pickup ions; solar wind; MHD waves
ID ROTATING RAREFACTION REGIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND; HYDROGEN
AB Interstellar pickup ions, in scattering to isotropy, should generate waves in particular frequency ranges, but observations of such waves are very rare. To date, only proton-generated waves at Ulysses have been reported, and only sporadically during times of quasi-radial field. Here, we present two sets of wave observations. The first set are waves due to pickup H+ seen by the Ulysses spacecraft as part of a new study to gather and build a data base of observations that can better be questioned regarding the fundamental physics of wave generation by interstellar pickup ions. There we demonstrate that the waves may have small signatures in the power spectrum while showing strong evidence of wave-particle dynamics in the polarization spectra. The second set is a spectral enhancement measured at the Voyager 2 spacecraft during 4.5 hours on DOY 7, 1979 at a heliocentric radial position of 4.5 AU. The large-scale IMF was nearly radial, and the frequency range and polarization of the enhanced fluctuations are consistent with pickup ion-generated waves from inflowing interstellar H and He. This event is the first indication of pickup ion-generated waves seen at Voyager. It is also the first identification of pickup He+ waves on any spacecraft, and prompts further searches for such waves in data sets closer to the Sun.
C1 [Smith, Charles W.; Isenberg, Philip A.; Joyce, Colin J.; Cannon, Bradford E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Murphy, Neil] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Nuno, Raquel G.] Los Angeles City Coll, Phys & Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Schwadron, Nathan A.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA USA.
RP Smith, CW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
FU NASA [NNX07AH75G]; NSF [ATM 0635863]
FX We are grateful for valuable conversations with E. Mobius, L. Jian, and
C. T. Russell. This work was supported in part by NASA grant NNX07AH75G,
and NSF grant ATM 0635863. Part of this research was carried out at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0857-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1302
BP 186
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTG72
UT WOS:000286910100027
ER
PT S
AU Omidi, N
Russell, CT
Tokar, RL
Farrell, WM
Kurth, WS
Gurnett, DA
Jia, YD
Leisner, JS
AF Omidi, N.
Russell, C. T.
Tokar, R. L.
Farrell, W. M.
Kurth, W. S.
Gurnett, D. A.
Jia, Y. D.
Leisner, J. S.
BE LeRoux, JA
Florinski, V
Zank, GP
Coates, AJ
TI Hybrid Simulations of Plasma-Neutral-Dust Interactions at Enceladus
SO PICKUP IONS THROUGHOUT THE HELIOSPHERE AND BEYOND
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAR 14-19, 2010
CL Maui, HI
SP Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE Enceladus; massloading; numerical modeling; dusty plasmas
ID ATMOSPHERE
AB Through ejection from its southern hemisphere, Enceladus is a dominant source of neutral gas and dust in Saturn's inner magnetosphere. The interaction of the corotating plasma with the gas and dust modifies the plasma environment around Enceladus. We use 3-D hybrid (kinetic ions, fluid electrons) simulations to examine the effects of gas and dust on the nature of the interaction region and use Cassini observations to constrain their properties.
C1 [Omidi, N.] Solana Sci Inc, Solana Beach, CA 92075 USA.
[Russell, C. T.; Jia, Y. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, IGPP, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Tokar, R. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Farrell, W. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Kurth, W. S.; Gurnett, D. A.; Leisner, J. S.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Omidi, N (reprint author), Solana Sci Inc, Solana Beach, CA 92075 USA.
RI Farrell, William/I-4865-2013;
OI Kurth, William/0000-0002-5471-6202
FU NASA [NNX07AJ07G, 1356500]; University of Iowa through the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory
FX This work was supported by NASA grant NNX07AJ07G and NASA Contract
1356500 to the University of Iowa through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0857-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1302
BP 237
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTG72
UT WOS:000286910100034
ER
PT S
AU Kim, SB
Njoku, EG
AF Kim, Seung-Bum
Njoku, Eni G.
GP Electromagnet Acad
TI Soil Moisture Retrieval Using Data Cube Representation of Radar
Scattering
SO PIERS 2010 CAMBRIDGE: PROGRESS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM
PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2
SE Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium
CY JUL 05-08, 2010
CL Cambridge, MA
SP Schlumberger-Doll Res, MIT Ctr Electromagnet Theory & Applicat/Res Lab Elect, Zeijiang Univ, Electromagnet Acad
AB A time-series algorithm is proposed to retrieve surface (from surface down to 1 m depth) soil moisture using the simulated radar data. The time-series approach uses co-polarized (VV and HH) backscattering coefficient (sigma(0)) values. Temporal averaging is applied to reduce the radar measurement noise. To the extent that the surface roughness does not change within the time-series window, the reduction of the noise enables the retrieval of the roughness. With the roughness estimate, subsequently soil moisture is retrieved. The proposed retrieval is performed using 'data cubes'. The data cubes relate soil moisture and sigma(0), and are lookup tables with the dimensions of soil moisture, roughness, and vegetation water content (VWC). The cubes are generated by the first-order small perturbation model and the discrete scatterer model for the grass vegetation. A Monte-Carlo analysis demonstrates that the soil moisture may be retrieved within the error better than 0.06 cm(3)/cm(3) up to about 3 kg/m(2) VWC using six time-series records, although presently assuming that the radar model correctly describes the surface scattering processes.
C1 [Kim, Seung-Bum; Njoku, Eni G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Kim, SB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROMAGNETICS ACAD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 777 CONCORD AVENUE, STE 207, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 1559-9450
BN 978-1-934142-14-1
J9 PR ELECTROMAGN RES S
PY 2010
BP 962
EP 966
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BAT93
UT WOS:000305490800205
ER
PT S
AU Colliander, A
Kim, S
Yueh, S
Cosh, M
Jackson, T
Njoku, E
AF Colliander, Andreas
Kim, Seungbum
Yueh, Simon
Cosh, Mike
Jackson, Tom
Njoku, Eni
GP Electromagnet Acad
TI Azimuthal Signature of Coincidental Brightness Temperature and
Normalized Radar Cross-section Obtained Using Airborne PALS Instrument
SO PIERS 2010 CAMBRIDGE: PROGRESS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM
PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2
SE Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium
CY JUL 05-08, 2010
CL Cambridge, MA
SP Schlumberger-Doll Res, MIT Ctr Electromagnet Theory & Applicat/Res Lab Elect, Zhejiang Univ, Electromagnet Acad
ID OCEAN
AB Coincidental airborne brightness temperature (TB) and normalized radar-cross section (NRCS) measurements were carried out with the PALS (Passive and Active L- and S-band) instrument in the SMAPVEX08 (SMAP Validation Experiment 2008) field campaign. This paper describes results obtained from a set of flights which measured a field in 45 degrees steps over the azimuth angle. The field contained mature soy beans with distinct row structure. The measurement shows that both TB and NRCS experience modulation effects over the azimuth as expected based on the theory. The result is useful in development and validation of land surface parameter forward models and retrieval algorithms, such as the soil moisture algorithm for NASA's SMAP (Soil Moisture Active and Passive) mission. Although the footprint of the SMAP will not be sensitive to the small resolution scale effects as the one presented in this paper, it is nevertheless important to understand the effects at smaller scale.
C1 [Colliander, Andreas; Kim, Seungbum; Yueh, Simon; Njoku, Eni] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Cosh, Mike; Jackson, Tom] USDA Agr Res Serv, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Colliander, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015
OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELECTROMAGNETICS ACAD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 777 CONCORD AVENUE, STE 207, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 1559-9450
BN 978-1-934142-14-1
J9 PR ELECTROMAGN RES S
PY 2010
BP 967
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BAT93
UT WOS:000305490800206
ER
PT S
AU Prato, L
Weinberger, AJ
AF Prato, Lisa
Weinberger, Alycia J.
BE Haghighipour, N
TI Disks Around Young Binary Stars
SO PLANETS IN BINARY STAR SYSTEMS
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID T-TAURI STARS; SEQUENCE SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY; TERRESTRIAL PLANET
FORMATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST DISK; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SOLAR-TYPE
STARS; CIRCUMBINARY DISK; HD 98800; STELLAR MULTIPLICITY; TRAPEZIUM
CLUSTER
C1 [Prato, Lisa] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Weinberger, Alycia J.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Weinberger, Alycia J.] Carnegie Inst Washington, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
RP Prato, L (reprint author), Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM lprato@lowell.edu; weinberger@dtm.ciw.edu
OI Weinberger, Alycia/0000-0001-6654-7859
NR 73
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0067-0057
BN 978-90-481-8686-0
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L
PY 2010
VL 366
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7_1
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPL93
UT WOS:000279187800001
ER
PT S
AU Quintana, EV
Lissauer, JJ
AF Quintana, Elisa V.
Lissauer, Jack J.
BE Haghighipour, N
TI Terrestrial Planet Formation in Binary Star Systems
SO PLANETS IN BINARY STAR SYSTEMS
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ALPHA-CENTAURI SYSTEM; DYNAMICAL STABILITY; GIANT PLANETS; ACCRETION;
ORBITS
C1 [Quintana, Elisa V.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Lissauer, Jack J.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div 245 3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Quintana, EV (reprint author), SETI Inst, 515 N Whisman Rd, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
EM equintana@mail.arc.nasa.gov; Jack.Lissauer@nasa.gov
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0067-0057
BN 978-90-481-8686-0
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L
PY 2010
VL 366
BP 265
EP 283
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7_10
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPL93
UT WOS:000279187800010
ER
PT S
AU Haghighipour, N
Dvorak, R
Pilat-Lohinger, E
AF Haghighipour, Nader
Dvorak, Rudolf
Pilat-Lohinger, Elke
BE Haghighipour, N
TI Planetary Dynamics and Habitable Planet Formation in Binary Star Systems
SO PLANETS IN BINARY STAR SYSTEMS
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ELLIPTIC RESTRICTED PROBLEM; ALPHA-CENTAURI SYSTEM; CARBON-DIOXIDE
CLOUDS; GAMMA-CEPHEI SYSTEM; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; EXOPLANETARY SYSTEMS;
TROJAN PLANETS; GIANT PLANETS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; STABILITY-CRITERIA
C1 [Haghighipour, Nader] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Haghighipour, Nader] Univ Hawaii Manoa, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Dvorak, Rudolf; Pilat-Lohinger, Elke] Univ Vienna, Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.
RP Haghighipour, N (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM nader@ifa.hawaii.edu; dvorak@astro.univie.ac.at;
lohinger@astro.univie.ac.at; nader@ifa.hawaii.edu
NR 138
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0067-0057
BN 978-90-481-8686-0
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L
PY 2010
VL 366
BP 285
EP 327
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7_11
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8687-7
PG 43
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPL93
UT WOS:000279187800011
ER
PT B
AU Hoover, RB
Pikuta, EV
AF Hoover, Richard B.
Pikuta, Elena V.
BE Bej, AK
Aislabie, J
Atlas, RM
TI Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Microbial Extremophiles in Polar
Environments
SO POLAR MICROBIOLOGY: THE ECOLOGY, BIODIVERSITY AND BIOREMEDIATION
POTENTIAL OF MICROORGANISMS IN EXTREMELY COLD ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; FOX PERMAFROST TUNNEL; FROZEN LAKE FRYXELL;
MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS; DRONNING MAUD LAND; TUNDRAE SP NOV.; GEN. NOV.;
EAST ANTARCTICA; AGMENELLUM-QUADRUPLICATUM; METHANOGENIC ARCHAEA
C1 [Hoover, Richard B.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Pikuta, Elena V.] Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Astrobiol Lab, Huntsville, AL USA.
RP Hoover, RB (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
NR 126
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-8388-0; 978-1-4200-8384-2
PY 2010
BP 115
EP 156
PG 42
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA BC9MU
UT WOS:000356624900006
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Background
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Polar regions; Satellite observing system
AB The polar oceans are important to study because they are key components of the Earth's climate engine. We have learned that many processes in the polar regions are highly linked to the thermohaline circulation of the World's oceans as well as their physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The region is vast, and it is only through satellite remote sensing that we have been able to examine and investigate the mesoscale and large scale properties of many parameters in the region, including surface temperature, albedo, sea ice cover, plankton concentration and primary productivity. A brief history of the polar regions and satellite remote sensing is provided, and the role of the polar regions in the climate system is discussed.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 1
EP 17
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_1
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200001
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Fundamental Characteristics of the Polar Oceans and Their Sea Ice Cover
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Peripheral seas; Ice drift; Ocean bathymetry; Dynamic topography
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ARCTIC-OCEAN; WEDDELL
SEA; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; GREENLAND SEA; MIXED-LAYER; DEEP-WATER;
CIRCULATION; TEMPERATURE
AB The physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the oceans and their sea ice cover at high latitudes in both the northern and southern hemispheres are discussed in conjunction with the bathymetry, atmospheric and circulation patterns. The exchanges of intermediate to deep water with the World's oceans are quite limited in the Arctic region with the relatively narrow Fram Strait as the only possibility while the World's main oceans circulate freely from one ocean to another at all depths in the Southern Ocean through the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The perennial sea ice is also located in deep water regions in the Arctic, while the perennial ice in the Antarctic is usually confined in shallow shelf areas. These and other environmental differences make the characteristics of Arctic Ocean very different from those of the Southern Ocean.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 128
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 19
EP 71
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_2
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 53
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200002
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Electromagnetic spectrum; Passive sensors; Active sensors
AB There are currently many possibilities for remote sensing studies of various ocean and ice parameters. Satellite sensors are designed to take advantage of electromagnetic signals either originally from the surface or reflected from the surface. Multichannel and multipolarization systems in the visible, infrared and microwave frequencies have been developed to optimize the accuracy in measuring geophysical parameters of interest. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of systems and the preferred systems for measuring specific parameters are discussed. In many cases, there are ambiguities in the retrieval, and the concurrent use of data from more than one sensor would be highly desirable.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 73
EP 111
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_3
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 39
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200003
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Geophysical Parameters and Algorithms for High Latitude Applications
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Optical properties; Dielectric characteristics; Emissivity
ID ARCTIC SEA-ICE; HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; SURFACE AIR-TEMPERATURE;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; IN-SITU; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS;
MICROWAVE OBSERVATIONS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; CLOUD CLASSIFICATION
AB The parameters of interest for polar studies that can be derived from satellite data are surface temperature, sea ice concentration, albedo, cloud cover, winds, sea ice drift, and sea ice thickness. The basic radiative and physical characteristics that enable the detection and characterization of various surfaces and parameters are discussed. The different types of sensors are evaluated with a view of assessing which one is best suited for the retrieval of each parameter. The algorithms that convert digital data to geophysical parameters are presented and assessments of errors in the retrieval are provided. There are limitations in the use of these data, but some of these can be overcome through the concurrent use of ancillary data that include in situ measurements and modeling results.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 154
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 113
EP 180
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_4
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 68
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200004
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Variability of Surface Pressure, Winds, and Clouds
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Sea level pressure; Hemisphere
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR WAVE; SEA-ICE; ARCTIC
OSCILLATION; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; ANNULAR MODE; TEMPERATURE; TRENDS;
OCEAN; TELECONNECTIONS
AB The variability of sea level pressure and winds is studied using National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis monthly-average data from 1979 to 2008. Results of analyses of monthly distributions of pressures and winds indicate that on average the seasonal patterns are consistent and coherent, but large interannual variabilities in the locations of lows and highs are observed. For a given month the interannual changes in wind circulation patterns can be very large and thereby could affect the spatial distribution of surface temperature and sea ice cover. Cloud frequency distributions as derived from AVHRR data also show large interannual variability and a slight decadal decline in both hemispheres
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 181
EP 221
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_5
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 41
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200005
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Variability of Surface Temperature and Albedo
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Surface temperature; Arctic; Antarctic; Albedo
ID ARCTIC SEA-ICE; SNOW EXTENT; IN-SITU; EVOLUTION; CLIMATE; TRENDS; COVER;
MODEL; SOOT
AB Results from the analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of surface temperature, including that of liquid water at high latitudes, are presented using mainly NOAA/AVHRR data from 1981 to 2008. The average surface temperature of the region north of the Arctic Circle is shown to be increasing at 0.7 degrees C/decade while that south of the Antarctic circle has been increasing much more moderately at 0.1 degrees C/decade. The trend in the Arctic represents about three times the global trend over the same period and is consistent with the expected effect of ice-albedo feedback. The trend of the Antarctic temperature is less than that inferred using global in situ and meteorological station data since 1981. Data from the same set of AVHRR sensors were used to study the spatial and temporal variability of narrow band albedo in the polar regions and results show the patterns of change that are consistent with warming and the changing snow and sea ice cover.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 223
EP 294
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_6
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 72
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200006
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Characteristics and Variability of the Sea Ice Cover
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Mesoscale characteristics; Ice types; Ice dynamics
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR WAVE; ROSS SEA; WEDDELL SEA; ARCTIC-OCEAN;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; PHYSICAL PROCESSES;
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SATELLITE; POLYNYA
AB Mesoscale and large scale characteristics and interannual variability of the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice cover are described and evaluated using geophysical data derived from visible, infrared, and microwave sensors. Thirty years of satellite data were used to assess global, hemispherical, and regional trends and to gain insights into the changing sea ice cover in the two hemispheres. The extent of the sea ice cover in the Arctic is shown to be declining at -4%/decade, whereas in the Antarctic, it has been increasing unexpectedly at 1 %/decade. The most intriguing result, however, is the rapid decline in the Arctic perennial ice cover area of about -13%/decade and possible connection with greenhouse gas warming. Equally intriguing is the relative stability of the Antarctic sea ice cover and associated effects of the ozone hole, the Southern Oscillation and the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 93
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 295
EP 363
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_7
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 69
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200007
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Polynyas and Other Polar Phenomena
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Polynyas; Odden; Antarctic circumpolar wave; Polar outbreaks
ID SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE ATMOSPHERE; ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR WAVE; NORTHERN
BAFFIN-BAY; COLD-AIR OUTBREAKS; ODDEN ICE TONGUE; SEA-ICE; WEDDELL
POLYNYA; ROSS SEA; GREENLAND SEA; ANNULAR MODE
AB The important roles of sensible and latent heat polynyas, the Odden, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave, polar outbreaks, icebergs, and other features and processes in the polar oceans are discussed in the context of their spatial distributions and frequency of occurrences as inferred from long term and synoptic observations by satellite sensors. Satellite data have provided valuable insights into how these special features could affect the thermohaline circulation and primary productivity of the oceans and cause deep vertical convection, ocean ventilation, storminess, and horizontal transport of salt in the polar oceans. It is apparent that large changes are occurring, including frequency of occurrence of the Odden and the character of the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave. Many questions remain, but some answers are possible through concurrent use of satellite data, in situ data and numerical models.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 76
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 365
EP 402
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_8
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 38
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200008
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Variability of Phytoplankton Pigment Concentrations and Primary
Productivity
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Phytoplankton concentration; Primary productivity
ID SEA-ICE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ROSS SEA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ARCTIC-OCEAN; EDGE;
DISTRIBUTIONS; ANTARCTICA; DYNAMICS; COLOR
AB The polar oceans have been regarded as regions of high biological activity but moderate primary productivity. During spring and summer, they are sites of extremely high phytoplankton concentrations in part because of the abundance of nutrients and the presence of stable layers of meltwater that provide an ideal platform for photosynthesis. The productivity is more limited in autumn and winter when extended darkness and relatively cold surface temperature prevail and much of the region is covered by sea ice. Analyses of more than a decade of ocean color SeaWiFS data have yielded many interesting results about the spatial distribution and interannual variability of phytoplankton pigment concentration and primary productivity.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 403
EP 447
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_9
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 45
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200009
ER
PT S
AU Comiso, J
AF Comiso, Josefino
BA Comiso, J
BF Comiso, J
TI Decadal Changes, Correlations, and Trends
SO POLAR OCEANS FROM SPACE
SE Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Decadal changes; Correlations; Trends
ID SEA-ICE COVER; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SURFACE;
PHYTOPLANKTON; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY
AB While we are still grappling with fundamental questions about the root causes of observed changes in the polar regions, satellite sensors have provided us with extraordinary tools for evaluating the scope of these changes and for understanding how changes in the different observables may be related to each other. We analyze satellite or reanalysis data over a 26-year period in which data on surface temperature, sea ice cover, albedo, and sea level pressure are concurrently available. The difference of 13-year segments of the different variables are shown to be coherent and it is apparent that changes in one parameter are also observed in the other parameters. Correlations of surface temperature with sea ice concentration and albedo are very strong and possible connections between chlorophyll concentration with the ice cover and surface temperature have been identified in the early spring period. Drastic declines in the Arctic perennial and multiyear ice cover are also observed suggesting that profound changes are going on in the polar oceans.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Comiso, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Branch, Code 614-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-8601
BN 978-0-387-36628-9
J9 ATMOS OCEAN SCI LIB
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 449
EP 495
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_10
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3
PG 47
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BOJ84
UT WOS:000276867200010
ER
PT S
AU Mishchenko, M
Yatskiv, YS
Rosenbush, VK
Videen, G
AF Mishchenko, Michael
Yatskiv, Yaroslav S.
Rosenbush, Vera K.
Videen, Gorden
BE Mishchenko, MI
Yatskiv, YS
Rosenbush, VK
Videen, G
TI Preface Polarimetric detection, characterization, and remote sensing
SO POLARIMETRIC DETECTION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND REMOTE SENSING
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Study Institute on Special Detection Technique
(Polarimetry) and Remote Sensing
CY SEP 12-25, 2010
CL Kyiv, UKRAINE
SP NATO, ASI
C1 [Mishchenko, Michael] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Yatskiv, Yaroslav S.; Rosenbush, Vera K.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Main Astronom Observ, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Videen, Gorden] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Mishchenko, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM mmishchenko@giss.nasa.gov
RI Mishchenko, Michael/D-4426-2012
FU NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme; NASA Radiation Sciences
Program; US Office of Naval Research Global; US Army International
Technology Center Atlantic; National Science Foundation of the USA;
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) and its Main Astronomical
Observatory
FX The primary support for the NATO ASI was provided bythe NATO Science for
Peace and Security Programme. Major funding was also contributed by the
NASA Radiation Sciences Program managed by Dr. Hal Maring (NASA
Head-quarters). Supplementary funding was provided by Elsevier,the US
Office of Naval Research Global, and the US Army International
Technology Center Atlantic. Several travel fellowships were awarded by
the National Science Foundation of the USA.; The NATO ASI was also
sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) and its
Main Astronomical Observatory. We thank executive membersof the NASU
Headquarters Academicians Anton G.Naumovets and Vadym M. Loktev for
their kind supportof the ASI
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-94-007-1635-3
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur.
PY 2010
BP VII
EP X
PG 4
WC Remote Sensing; Spectroscopy
SC Remote Sensing; Spectroscopy
GA BVW19
UT WOS:000292941200001
ER
PT S
AU Nicolau, E
Rodriguez-Martinez, JA
Fonseca, JJ
Richardson, TMJ
Flynn, M
Griebenow, K
Cabrera, CR
AF Nicolau, Eduardo
Rodriguez-Martinez, Jose A.
Fonseca, Jose J.
Richardson, Tra-My Justine
Flynn, Michael
Griebenow, Kai
Cabrera, Carlos R.
BE Gasteiger, HA
Weber, A
Strasser, P
Edmundson, M
Lamy, C
Darling, R
Uchida, H
Schmidt, TJ
Shirvanian, P
Buchi, FN
Mantz, R
Zawodzinski, T
Ramani, V
Fuller, T
Inaba, M
Jones, D
Narayanan, SR
TI Bioelectrochemical Oxidation of Urea with Urease and Platinized Boron
Doped Diamond Electrodes for Water Recycling in Space Applications
SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 10, PTS 1 AND 2
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Symposium (PEFC) Conducted Under the
Auspices of the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn, Asahi Kasei E-Mat Corp, Ion Power Inc, UTC Power Corp, Umicore, Tokuyama Corp, Toyota Motor Eng & Mfg N Amer, Pine Res Instruments, Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K K
ID DEGRADATION; CREATININE
AB The recovery of potable water from spacecraft wastewater is critical for the life support and environmental health of crew members in long-term missions. NASA estimates that during manned space missions 60 g/person.day of urine is produced, with urea and various salts as its main components. In this research we explore the utilization of urease enzymes (EC 3.5.1.5) to convert urea to nitrogen using a two step process of urease catalyzed decomposition of urea to ammonia followed by the electrochemical decomposition of ammonia to nitrogen. Urease was immobilized on granulated activated carbon to serve as a bio-reaction platform, while platinum was electrodeposited on boron-doped diamond electrodes by cycling the potential to attain active electrodes. Samples from NASA Ames Research Center water recycling equipment, containing urine, were used to test the herein proposed system.
C1 [Nicolau, Eduardo; Rodriguez-Martinez, Jose A.; Fonseca, Jose J.; Griebenow, Kai; Cabrera, Carlos R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Rio Piedras Campus,POB 23346, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
[Richardson, Tra-My Justine; Flynn, Michael] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Bioengn Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94036 USA.
RP Cabrera, CR (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Rio Piedras Campus,POB 23346, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
EM carlos.cabrera2@upr.edu
OI Cabrera, Carlos/0000-0002-3342-8666
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-820-6
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1
BP 1853
EP +
DI 10.1149/1.3484676
PG 2
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science
GA BDH94
UT WOS:000313331100181
ER
PT B
AU Mukherjee, RM
Anderson, KS
AF Mukherjee, Rudranarayan M.
Anderson, Kurt S.
GP ASME
TI GENERALIZED ORTHOGONAL COMPLEMENT BASED DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHM FOR
CONSTRAINED MULTIBODY DYNAMICS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics
and Control
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
ID ORDER-N-FORMULATION; BODY DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS
AB This paper presents an extension of the orthogonal complement based divide and conquer algorithm for constraint multi-rigid body systems containing closed kinematic loops in generalized topologies. In its current form, its a short article demonstrating the methodology for assembling the equations of motion in a hierarchic assembly process for systems containing multiple loops in generalized topologies.
C1 [Mukherjee, Rudranarayan M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Mukherjee, RM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Rudranarayan.M.Mukherjee@jpl.nasa.gov; anderk5@rpi.edu
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 121
EP 127
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600015
ER
PT B
AU Mukherjee, RM
Anderson, KS
AF Mukherjee, Rudranarayan M.
Anderson, Kurt S.
GP ASME
TI EFFICIENT IMPULSE MOMENTUM FORMULATION FOR MULTI-FLEXIBLE BODY SYSTEMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
and Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
ID ORDER-N-FORMULATION; MECHANICAL SYSTEMS; COULOMB-FRICTION; DYNAMICS;
IMPACT; CONTACT; SIMULATION; MOTION; CONSTRAINTS; EQUATIONS
AB This paper presents the generalization of the divide and conquer impulse momentum formulation to systems with flexible bodies. The approach utilizes a hierarchic assembly-disassembly process by traversing the system topology in a binary tree map to solve for the jumps in the system generalized speeds and the constraint impulsive loads in linear and logarithmic cost in serial and parallel implementations. respectively. The coupling between the unilateral and bilateral constraints is handled efficiently through the use of kinematic joint definitions. The equations of motion for the system are produced in a hierarchic sub-structured form. The generalized impulse momenta equations of flexible bodies are derived using a projection method. The equations are then cast into a format amenable to be incorporated in the basic divide and conquer form. The solution of the equations using the hierarchic assembly disassembly process by using the boundary conditions are discussed for free floating, anchored trees and kinematically closed loop systems.
C1 [Mukherjee, Rudranarayan M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Mukherjee, RM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Rudranarayan.M.Mukherjee@jpl.nasa.gov; anderk5@rpi.edu
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 138
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600016
ER
PT B
AU Jain, A
AF Jain, Abhinandan
GP ASME
TI RECURSIVE ALGORITHMS USING LOCAL CONSTRAINT EMBEDDING FOR MULTIBODY
SYSTEM DYNAMICS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
and Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
ID SPATIAL OPERATOR ALGEBRA; ROBOT DYNAMICS
AB This paper describes a constraint embedding approach for handling of local closure constraints in multibody system dynamics. The approach uses spatial operator techniques to eliminate local-loop constraints from a system to effectively convert it into a tree-topology system. This conversion to a tree-topology allows the direct application of the host of available techniques including mass matrix factorization and inversion to be applied to the system dynamics. One application is the extension of the well-known recursive O(N) forward dynamics for solving the system dynamics of these systems. The algorithms are especially applicable to systems where the constraints are confined to small-subgraphs within the system topology. The paper provides background on the spatial operator approach, the extensions for handling embedded constraints, and concludes with examples of such constraints.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Jain, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Abhi.Jain@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 139
EP 147
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600017
ER
PT B
AU Lorenzo, CF
AF Lorenzo, Carl F.
GP ASME
TI THE FRACTIONAL META-TRIGONOMETRY BASED ON THE R-FUNCTION: PART I:
BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS, AND COMPLEXITY FUNCTION GRAPHICS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics
and Control
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
DE fractional calculus; fractional differential equations; fractional
trignoboletry; fractal fractional functions; meta-trignoboletry
AB The current fractional trigonometries and hyperboletry are based on three forms of the fractional exponential R-function, R(q,v)(a,t), R(q,v)(ai,t), and R(q,v)(a,it). The fractional meta-trigonometry extends this to an infinite number of bases using the form R(q,v)(ai(alpha),i(B)t). Meta-definitions, meta-Laplace transforms, and meta-identities are developed for these generalized fractional trigonometric functions. Graphic results are presented. Extensions of the fractional trigonometries to the negative time domain and complementary fractional trigonometries are considered.
Part 1 provides; background on the ongoing development of the fractional trigonometries, the definitions of the meta-trigonometry and its motivation, and a limited set of graphic results for the complexity based fractional trigonometric functions.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Lorenzo, CF (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Carl.F.Lorenzo@nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 177
EP 196
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600022
ER
PT B
AU Lorenzo, CF
AF Lorenzo, Carl F.
GP ASME
TI THE FRACTIONAL META-TRIGONOMETRY BASED ON THE R-FUNCTION: PART II:
PARITY FUNCTION GRAPHICS, LAPLACE TRANSFORMS, FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVES,
META-PROPERTIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics
and Control
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
AB The current fractional trigonometries and hyperboletry are based on three forms of the fractional exponential R-function, R(q,v)(a,t), R(q,v)(ai,t), and R(q,v)(a,it). The fractional meta-trigonometry extends this to an infinite number of bases using the form R(q,v)(a(alpha),i(B)t). Meta-definitions, meta-Laplace transforms, and meta-identities are developed for these generalized fractional trigonometric functions. Graphic results are presented. Extensions of the fractional trigonometries to the negative time domain and complementary fractional trigonometries are considered.
Part II continues from the definition set and graphics given in Part I. It provides a minimal set of graphic results for the parity meta-fractional trigonometry and develops the meta-properties described above.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Lorenzo, CF (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Carl.F.Lorenzo@nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 197
EP 220
PG 24
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600023
ER
PT B
AU Lorenzo, CF
Hartley, TT
AF Lorenzo, Carl F.
Hartley, Tom T.
GP ASME
TI ON SELF-CONSISTENT OPERATORS WITH APPLICATION TO OPERATORS OF FRACTIONAL
ORDER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics
and Control
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
DE continuation function; initialization function; Caputo derivative;
Riemann-Liouville integral
AB This paper extends the idea of the initialization function to the more general concept of a continuation function. The paper sets forth definitions for operator self-consistency which are then applied to test three operators, the ordinary Riemann integral, the time-varying initialized Riemann-Liouville fractional integral, and finally the Caputo derivative. Self-consistency was found for the first two cases. The Caputo fractional derivative operator was found to be self-inconsistent based on possible continuation functions derived from the Laplace transform of the derivative. A theoretical continuation function was derived which does make the derivative self-consistent, but requires a time-varying initialization function negating a primary attraction of this derivative.
C1 [Lorenzo, Carl F.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Lorenzo, CF (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Carl.F.Lorenzo@nasa.gov; thartley@uakron.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 1069
EP 1075
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600117
ER
PT B
AU Lorenzo, CF
AF Lorenzo, Carl F.
GP ASME
TI THE FRACTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND GROWTH RATE OF THE NAUTILUS POMPILIUS:
PRELIMINARY RESULTS BASED ON THE R(1)-FRACTIONAL TRIGONOMETRY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL
4, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics
and Control
CY AUG 30-SEP 02, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
DE Fractional differential equations; fractional growth rate; fractional
spiral; logarithmic spiral; Nautilus
ID SHELL
AB This paper studies the morphology and evolutionary growth of the Nautilus pompilius based on the fractional R(1)-trigonometry. Morphological models based on the fractional trigonometry are shown to be superior to those of the commonly assumed logarithmic spiral. The R(1)-trigonometric functions further infer fractional differential equations which, based on power law parametric functions, are used to develop a fractional growth equation modeling evolution from conception to maturity.
C1 NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Lorenzo, CF (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Carl.F.Lorenzo@nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4901-9
PY 2010
BP 1261
EP 1274
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BUU39
UT WOS:000290371600140
ER
PT J
AU Galvan, DA
Komjathy, A
Hickey, M
Foster, J
Mannucci, AJ
AF Galvan, David A.
Komjathy, Attila
Hickey, Michael
Foster, James
Mannucci, Anthony J.
GP ION
TI Observing Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by Tsunamis Using
GPS TEC Measurements
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
ID GRAVITY-WAVES; OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERE; EARTHQUAKE
AB Ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements of ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) show variations consistent with atmospheric internal gravity waves caused by ocean tsunamis following two recent seismic events: the American Samoa earthquake of September 29, 2009, and the Chile earthquake of February 27, 2010. Fluctuations correlated in time, space, and wave properties with these tsunamis were observed in TEC estimates processed using JPL's Global Ionospheric Mapping Software. These TEC estimates were band-pass filtered to remove ionospheric TEC variations with wavelengths and periods outside the typical range of internal gravity waves caused by tsunamis. Observable variations in TEC appear correlated with the tsunamis in certain locations, but not in others. Where variations are observed, the typical amplitude tends to be on the order of 1% of the background TEC value. Variations with amplitudes similar to 0.1 - 0.2 TECU are observable with periods and timing affiliated with the tsunami. These observations are compared to estimates of expected tsunami-driven TEC variations produced by Embry Riddle Aeronautical University's Spectral Full Wave Model, an atmosphere-ionosphere coupling model, and found to be in good agreement in some locations, though there are cases when the model predicts an observable tsunami-driven signature and none is observed. These TEC variations are not always seen when a tsunami is present, but in these two events the regions where a strong ocean tsunami was observed did coincide with clear TEC observations, while a lack of clear TEC observations coincided with smaller tsunami amplitudes. There exists the potential to apply these detection techniques to real-time GPS TEC data, providing estimates of tsunami speed and amplitude that may be useful for early warning systems.
C1 [Galvan, David A.; Komjathy, Attila; Mannucci, Anthony J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Galvan, DA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 313
EP 327
PG 15
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734900024
ER
PT J
AU Bertiger, W
Bar-Sever, Y
Harvey, N
Miller, K
Romans, L
Weiss, J
Doyle, L
Solorzano, T
Petzinger, J
Stell, A
AF Bertiger, Willy
Bar-Sever, Yoaz
Harvey, Nate
Miller, Kevin
Romans, Larry
Weiss, Jan
Doyle, Larry
Solorzano, Tara
Petzinger, John
Stell, Al
GP ION
TI Next Generation GPS Ground Control Segment (OCX) Navigation Design
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
AB In February 2010, a Raytheon-led team was selected by The Air Force to develop, implement, and operate the next generation GPS ground control segment (OCX). To meet and exceed the demanding OCX navigation performance requirements, Raytheon partnered with ITT (Navigation lead) and JPL to adapt major elements of JPL's navigation technology, proven in the operations of the Global Differential GPS (GDGPS) System. Key design goals for the navigation subsystem include accurate ephemeris (expressed primarily in terms of user range error, or URE), ease of model upgrades, and a smooth and safe transition from the legacy system to OCX. We will describe key elements of the innovative architecture of the OCX navigation subsystem, and demonstrate the anticipated performance of the system through high fidelity simulations with actual GPS measurements.
C1 [Bertiger, Willy; Bar-Sever, Yoaz; Harvey, Nate; Miller, Kevin; Romans, Larry; Weiss, Jan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Bertiger, W (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 964
EP 977
PG 14
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734901001
ER
PT J
AU Colombo, OL
Brunker, S
Jones, G
Janssen, V
Rizos, C
AF Colombo, Oscar L.
Brunker, Shane
Jones, Glenn
Janssen, Volker
Rizos, Chris
GP ION
TI Testing Sub-decimeter, Kinematic Wide-Area Positioning for Airborne
Lidar Surveys Using the CORSnet-NSW Network
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
AB We have studied the possible advantages of a wide-area approach (long-baseline differential positioning with GPS) for the precise kinematic trajectory determination of aircraft in support of airborne scanning lidar altimeter surveys, over the usual and more labor and resource intensive short-baseline approach with locally deployed ground receivers. In this form of remote sensing, the GNSS data are used to find very precisely the aircraft position and, combining it with inertial data, the aircraft orientation, in order to georeference the scanning laser measurements within very strict tolerances.
If proved useful, the adoption of the wide-area approach, compared to present practice, could result in a substantial reduction of costs and in more flexibility when confronted with changing weather conditions or dealing with priority response situations. Such situations, at present, may require postponing a survey, or redeploying ground receivers and personnel on short notice.
We have conducted three successful tests: two with data collected during the survey of large areas in the northeast of the state of New South Wales, in Australia, and a third one with data from a system calibration flight over a pre-surveyed area around the Bathurst airport, also in that state.
These tests were organized and conducted by the NSW Government's Land and Property Management Authority (LPMA), in collaboration with the University of New South Wales, in June of 2009 and July of 2010. The baselines from the reference stations to the aircraft were as long as 1100 km.
The wide-area reference stations used in the tests are part of CORSnet-NSW, a network of continuously operating reference stations run by LPMA in the state of New South Wales. As of September of 2010 this network consisted of 43 stations; and the goal is to reach a total of 70 by 2012. All receivers in the network collected data at the rate of 1 Hz; on the aircraft 2 Hz data were collected. The solutions were calculated in post-processing mode, at 2 Hz.
To verify the quality of the aircraft trajectories determined by the wide-area technique, they were compared to the customary short-baseline solutions with local reference stations set up within a few kilometers of the flight path of the airplane. Finally, the digital elevation model (DEM) obtained from the calibration flight data and a precise wide-area GNSS trajectory was compared to the DEM made with the usual short-baseline method [reword]. In all cases the agreement was excellent.
C1 [Colombo, Oscar L.] NASA, UMBC, Goddard SFC, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Colombo, OL (reprint author), NASA, UMBC, Goddard SFC, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 1004
EP 1018
PG 15
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734901004
ER
PT B
AU Sparks, L
Blanch, J
Pandya, N
AF Sparks, Lawrence
Blanch, Juan
Pandya, Nitin
GP ION
TI Kriging as a Means of Improving WAAS Availability
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
AB The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), an augmentation of the Global Positioning System (GPS), provides safe and reliable use of GPS signals for airline navigation over much of North America. Currently the largest source of positioning error in the system is signal delay caused by the ionosphere. To allow the user to take account of such error, WAAS computes and broadcasts ionospheric vertical delays at a set of regularly-spaced grid points. In addition, WAAS computes and broadcasts a safety-critical integrity bound at each ionospheric grid point (IGP) called the Grid Ionospheric Vertical Error (GIVE). GIVEs are constructed to be sufficiently large to protect the user against positioning error due to the presence of ionospheric irregularity.
In the initial operating capability (IOC) of WAAS, the vertical delay estimate at each IGP is determined from a planar fit of neighboring slant delay measurements, projected to vertical using an obliquity factor specified by the standard thin-shell model of the ionosphere. In WAAS Follow-On (WFO) Release 3, however, the vertical delay will be estimated by an established, geo-statistical technique known as kriging. Compared to the planar fit model, the kriging model is found, in general, to match better the observed random structure of the vertical delay. This paper presents the kriging methodology that will be used to estimate the vertical delay and its uncertainty at each IGP, and it assesses the subsequent improvement in WAAS availability enabled by kriging.
C1 [Sparks, Lawrence] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Sparks, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 2013
EP 2020
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734902007
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, JP
Bar-Sever, Y
Bertiger, W
Romans, LJ
AF Weiss, Jan P.
Bar-Sever, Yoaz
Bertiger, Willy
Romans, Larry J.
GP ION
TI Near Real Time Precise Orbit and Clock Determination for GLONASS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
ID MODEL; IGS
AB We present a near real-time precise orbit and clock determination system for the GLONASS constellation. The system utilizes tracking data from a global network of GPS+GLONASS receivers and a hybrid GPS/GLONASS estimation strategy to produce GLONASS spacecraft orbit and clock estimates with a latency of about 1.5 hours. This paper provides a detailed overview of our processing system and estimation strategy, and describes challenges unique to the GLONASS system. We assess orbit and clock solution accuracy via internal and external metrics. The near real-time orbit solutions are shown to be accurate to better than 15 cm (1D) in the RMS sense, while the clock solutions are shown to be accurate at the 30-40 cm level (RMS). We further assess the near real-time products by performing GLONASS-only static and kinematic precise point positioning for 20 globally distributed sites over a period of 4 weeks. The 3D median position estimate accuracy is 4.7 cm and 7.4 cm for the static and kinematic test, respectively.
C1 [Weiss, Jan P.; Bar-Sever, Yoaz; Bertiger, Willy; Romans, Larry J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Weiss, JP (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 2771
EP 2777
PG 7
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734902073
ER
PT J
AU Kuang, D
Bertiger, W
Desai, S
Haines, B
AF Kuang, Da
Bertiger, William
Desai, Shailen
Haines, Bruce
GP ION
TI Precise Orbit Determination for LEO Spacecraft Using GNSS Tracking Data
from Multiple Antennas
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE
DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the
Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS-2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Portland, OR
AB To support various applications, certain Earth-orbiting spacecraft (e. g., SRTM, COSMIC) use multiple Global Navigation and Satellite System (GNSS) antennas to provide tracking data for precise orbit determination (POD). POD using GNSS tracking data from multiple antennas poses some special technical issues compared to the typical single-antenna approach. In this paper, we investigate some of these issues using both real and simulated data. Recommendations are provided for POD with multiple GNSS antennas and for antenna configuration design. The observability of satellite position with multiple-antenna data is compared against the single-antenna case. The impact of differential clock (line biases) and line-of-sight (up, along-track, and cross-track) on kinematic and reduced-dynamic POD is evaluated. The accuracy of monitoring the stability of the spacecraft structure by simultaneously performing POD of the spacecraft and relative positioning of the multiple antennas is also investigated.
C1 [Kuang, Da; Desai, Shailen] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Orbiter & Radio Metr Syst Grp, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Kuang, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Orbiter & Radio Metr Syst Grp, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST NAVIGATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
PY 2010
BP 2778
EP 2788
PG 11
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BUY82
UT WOS:000290734902074
ER
PT S
AU Johnson, M
Bradshaw, JM
Feltovich, PJ
Jonker, C
Sierhuis, M
van Riemsdijk, B
AF Johnson, Matthew
Bradshaw, Jeffrey M.
Feltovich, Paul J.
Jonker, Catholijn
Sierhuis, Maarten
van Riemsdijk, Birna
GP IEEE
TI Toward Coactivity
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN-ROBOT
INTERACTION (HRI 2010)
SE ACMIEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)
CY MAR 02-05, 2010
CL Jst Erato Asada Project, Osaka, JAPAN
SP ACM, IEEE, ACM SIGCHI, ACM SIGART, IEEE Robot & Automat, AAAI, Human Factors & Ergon Soc, IEEE Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Robot Lab
HO Jst Erato Asada Project
DE coactive; coordination; autonomy; interdependence
AB This paper introduces the concept of Coactivity as a new focal point for Human-Robot Interaction to address the more sophisticated roles of partner or teammate envisioned for future human-robot systems. We propose that most approaches to date have focused on autonomy and suggest that autonomy is the wrong focal point. The envisioned roles, if properly performed, have a high level of interdependence that cannot be addressed solely by autonomy and necessitate a focus on the coactivity.
C1 [Johnson, Matthew; Bradshaw, Jeffrey M.; Feltovich, Paul J.] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 34471 USA.
[Jonker, Catholijn; van Riemsdijk, Birna] Delft Univ Technol, EEMCS, Delft, Netherlands.
[Sierhuis, Maarten] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Johnson, M (reprint author), Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 34471 USA.
EM mjohnson@ihmc.us; jbradshaw@ihmc.us; pfeltovich@ihmc.us;
c.m.jonker@tudelft.nl; msierhuis@mail.arc.nasa.gov;
m.b.vanriemsdijk@tudelft.nl
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2167-2121
BN 978-1-4244-4893-7
J9 ACMIEEE INT CONF HUM
PY 2010
BP 101
EP 102
DI 10.1145/1734454.1734492
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA BH0DS
UT WOS:000394675400027
ER
PT B
AU Kurtoglu, T
Leone, KM
Sandifer, CE
Reveley, MS
Thomas, MA
Venti, M
AF Kurtoglu, Tolga
Leone, Karen M.
Sandifer, Carl E.
Reveley, Mary S.
Thomas, Megan A.
Venti, Mike
GP ASME
TI A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SYSTEMS HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND THE ASSESSMENT OF
FUTURE RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS: A SAFETY PERSPECTIVE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE,
DETC 2010, VOL 3, A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers
and Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 15-18, 2010
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div
AB A health management (HM) system is responsible for information gathering about a system's health and corresponding decision-making. BM systems are typically used to identify any degradation in performance that may affect safety or successful operations of a system. Effective long term development of successful health management solutions requires an improved understanding of the relationship between potential adverse events that may happen during flight, and validated tools, technologies, and techniques developed for mitigating their negative effects on system safety and functionality. This paper presents a study on the assessment of future requirements for systems health management technologies and related research areas. The gist of the paper is the mapping between systems health management technologies and damage conditions extracted from a study of aircraft accident and incident data. The goal of the study is to identify key research areas in systems health management and to recommend specific technology needs to support the development of integrated system health management tools, technologies, and techniques that will address safety related challenges facing current and future aircraft systems.
C1 [Kurtoglu, Tolga] NASA, Mission Crit Technol, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Kurtoglu, T (reprint author), NASA, Mission Crit Technol, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM tolga.kurtoglu@nasa.gov
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4411-3
PY 2010
BP 947
EP 958
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BFM86
UT WOS:000320569900099
ER
PT B
AU DellaCorte, C
AF DellaCorte, C.
GP ASME
TI NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOYS FOR OIL-LUBRICATED BEARING AND MECHANICAL
COMPONENT APPLICATIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/STLE INTERNATIONAL JOINT TRIBOLOGY CONFERENCE -
2009
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME/STLE International Joint Tribology Conference
CY OCT 19-21, 2009
CL Memphis, TN
SP ASME, Tribol Div, Soc Tribol & Lubricat Engineers
ID TINI
AB Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) alloys are normally associated with applications that exploit their shape memory characteristics. When properly formulated and processed, however, Ni-Ti is dimensionally stable and offers a unique blend of attributes suitable for tribological applications. This paper demonstrates that Ni-Ti alloys are promising candidate structural materials for oil-lubricated rolling and sliding contact applications such as bearings and gears. Ni-Ti alloys offer a broad combination of physical properties that make it unique among bearing materials. Ni-Ti alloys are hard, electrically conductive, highly corrosion resistant, readily machined prior to final heat treatment, non-galling and non-magnetic. No other bearing alloy, metallic or ceramic encompasses all of these attributes.
Spiral orbit tribometer (SOT) tests were conducted using 60NiTi balls loaded between rotating 440C disks, lubricated with synthetic oil and tested in a vacuum. Excellent tribological performance (life and friction) was observed and lubricant degradation normally associated with titanium alloys was absent. It is anticipated that the Ni-Ti family of alloys may form the basis of an entirely new class of bearing and component materials.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP DellaCorte, C (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,Mail Stop 23-2, Cleveland, OH USA.
EM Christopher.dellacorte@nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4895-1
PY 2010
BP 225
EP 227
PG 3
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BQZ49
UT WOS:000282210200058
ER
PT B
AU Hah, C
Voges, M
Mueller, M
Schiffer, HP
AF Hah, Chunill
Voges, Melanie
Mueller, Martin
Schiffer, Heinz-Peter
GP ASME
TI CHARACTERISTICS OF TIP CLEARANCE FLOW INSTABILITY IN A TRANSONIC
COMPRESSOR
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010: TURBOMACHINERY: AXIAL FLOW FAN
AND COMPRESSOR AERODYNAMICS DESIGN METHODS, AND CFD MODELING FOR
TURBOMACHINERY, VOL 7, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB In the present study, unsteady flow phenomena due to tip clearance flow instability in a modern transonic axial compressor rotor are studied in detail. First, unsteady flow characteristics due the oscillating tip clearance vortex measured with the particle image velocimetry (PIV) and casing-mounted unsteady pressure transducers are analyzed and compared to numerical results with a large eddy simulation (LES). Then, measured characteristic frequencies of the unsteady flow near stall operation are investigated. The overall purpose of the study is to advance the current understanding of the unsteady flow field near the blade tip in an axial transonic compressor rotor near the stall operating condition. Flow interaction between the tip leakage vortex and the passage shock is inherently unsteady in a transonic compressor. The currently applied PIV measurements indicate that the flow near the tip region is unsteady even at the design condition. This self-induced unsteadiness increases significantly as the compressor operates toward the stall condition. Ply data show that the tip clearance vortex oscillates substantially near stall. The calculated unsteady characteristics from LES agree well with the PIV measurements. Calculated unsteady flow fields show that the formation of the tip clearance vortex is intermittent and the concept of vortex breakdown from steady flow analysis does not seem 10 apply in the current flow field. Fluid with low momentum near the pressure side of the blade close to the leading edge periodically spills over into the adjacent blade passage. The spectral analysis of measured end wall and blade surface pressure shows that there are two dominant frequencies near stall. One frequency is about 40-60% of the rotor rotation and the other dominant frequency is about 40-60% of the blade passing frequency (BPF). The first frequency represents the movement of a large blockage over several consecutive blade passages against the rotor rotation. The second frequency represents traditional tip flow instability, which has been widely observed in subsonic compressors. The LES simulations show that the second. frequency is due to movement of the instability vortex.
C1 [Hah, Chunill] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Hah, C (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, MS 5-11, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4402-1
PY 2010
BP 63
EP 74
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVC10
UT WOS:000291010300006
ER
PT B
AU Celestina, ML
Suder, KL
Kulkarni, S
AF Celestina, Mark L.
Suder, Kenneth L.
Kulkarni, Sameer
GP ASME
TI RESULTS OF AN ADVANCED FAN STAGE OVER A WIDE OPERATING RANGE OF SPEED
AND BYPASS RATIO. PART II: COMPARISON OF CFD AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010: TURBOMACHINERY: AXIAL FLOW FAN
AND COMPRESSOR AERODYNAMICS DESIGN METHODS, AND CFD MODELING FOR
TURBOMACHINERY, VOL 7, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB NASA and GE teamed to design and build a 57% engine scaled fan stage for a Mach 4 variable cycle turbofan/ramjet engine for access to space with multipoint operations. This fan stage was tested in NASA's transonic compressor facility. The objectives of this test were to assess the aerodynamic and aero mechanic performance and operability characteristics of the fan stage over the entire range of engine operation including: 1) sea level static take-off; 2) transition over large swings in fan bypass ratio; 3) transition from turbofan to ramjet; and 4) fan wind-milling operation at high Mach flight conditions.
This paper will focus on an assessment of APNASA, a multistage turbomachinery analysis code developed by NASA, to predict the fan stage performance and operability over a wide range of speeds (37% to 100%) and bypass ratios.
C1 [Celestina, Mark L.; Suder, Kenneth L.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Celestina, ML (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4402-1
PY 2010
BP 465
EP 475
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVC10
UT WOS:000291010300040
ER
PT B
AU Liou, MS
Lee, BJ
AF Liou, Meng-Sing
Lee, Byung Joon
GP ASME
TI MINIMIZING INLET DISTORTION FOR HYBRID WING BODY AIRCRAFT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010: TURBOMACHINERY: AXIAL FLOW FAN
AND COMPRESSOR AERODYNAMICS DESIGN METHODS, AND CFD MODELING FOR
TURBOMACHINERY, VOL 7, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID ADJOINT APPROACH
AB A study of boundary-layer-ingesting flow in an upper-mounted offset inlet in NASA's hybrid wing body transport concept for achieving environmental and performance requirements has been carried out. The study aims specifically at minimizing flow distortion stemming from the ingested low-momentum fluid to the level acceptable to the operation of fan blades. In this paper, we will focus on using a discrete adjoint method to arrive at an optimized wall geometry, which is parametrically represented by design variables, for transonic turbulent flows described by 3D Navier-Stokes equations supplemented with kappa - omega - SST turbulence model. Of special interest herein is the flow physics resulting from optimization, revealing the intricate connections to the remarkable reduction in flow distortion and total pressure losses at the engine face. It is discovered that the secondary counter-rotating vortex pair commonly seen in an S-inlet is eliminated by energizing both core and boundary-layer fluids through the change of wall shape by a series of peaks and valleys, whose magnitudes and wave forms being functions of locations and unknown a priori are determined by the discrete adjoint method. Moreover, the optimal shape still holds similar level of superior performance at off-design conditions. The result may suggest a possible paradigm shift in flow control concept, away from disruptive penalty-ridden devices, by properly conditioning and guiding the flow.
C1 [Liou, Meng-Sing] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Aeroprop Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Liou, MS (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Aeroprop Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM meng-sing.liou@nasa.gov; mdo.bjlee@gmail.com
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4402-1
PY 2010
BP 673
EP 685
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVC10
UT WOS:000291010300058
ER
PT B
AU Bruckner, RJ
AF Bruckner, Robert J.
GP ASME
TI AN ASSESSMENT OF GAS FOIL BEARING SCALABILITY AND THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS
TO CIVILIAN TURBOFAN ENGINES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Over the past several years the term oil-free turbomachinery has been used to describe a rotor support system for high speed turbomachinery that does not require oil for lubrication, damping, or cooling. The foundation technology for oil-free turbomachinery is the compliant foil bearing. This technology can replace the conventional rolling element bearings found in current engines. Two major benefits are realized with this technology. The primary benefit is the elimination of the oil lubrication system, accessory gearbox, tower shaft, and one turbine frame. These components account for 8-13% of the turbofan engine weight. The second benefit that compliant foil bearings offer to turbofan engines is the capability to operate at higher rotational speeds and shaft diameters. While traditional rolling element bearings have diminished life, reliability, and load capacity with increasing speeds, the foil bearing has a load capacity proportional to speed. The traditional applications for foil bearings have been in small, lightweight machines. However, recent advancements in the design and manufacturing of foil bearings have increased their potential size. An analysis, grounded in experimentally proven operation, is performed to assess the scalability of the modern foil bearing. This analysis coupled to the requirements of civilian turbofan engines. The application of the foil bearing to larger, high bypass ratio engines nominally at the 120 kN (similar to 25000 pound) thrust class has been examined. The application of this advanced technology to this system was found to reduce mission fuel burn by 3.05%.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Bruckner, RJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 29
EP 35
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000004
ER
PT B
AU Jones, SM
AF Jones, Scott M.
GP ASME
TI STEADY-STATE MODELING OF GAS TURBINE ENGINES USING THE NUMERICAL
PROPULSION SYSTEM SIMULATION CODE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB The Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS) code was created through a joint United States industry and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) effort to develop a state-of-the-art aircraft engine cycle analysis simulation tool. Written in the computer language C++, NPSS is an object-oriented framework allowing the gas turbine engine analyst considerable flexibility in cycle conceptual design and performance estimation. Furthermore, the tool was written with the assumption that most users would desire to easily add their own unique objects and calculations without the burden of modifying the source code. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to present an introduction to the discipline of thermodynamic cycle analysis to those who may have some basic knowledge in the individual areas of fluid flow, gas dynamics, thermodynamics, and turbomachinery theory but not necessarily how they are collectively used in engine cycle analysis. Second, this paper will show examples of performance modeling of gas turbine engine cycles specifically using Numerical Propulsion System Simulation concepts and model syntax. Current practices in industry and academia will also be discussed. While NPSS allows both steady-state and transient simulations and is written to facilitate higher orders of analysis fidelity, the pedagogical example will focus primarily on steady-state analysis of an aircraft mixed flow turbofan at the 0-D and 1-D level. Ultimately it is hoped that this paper will provide a starting point by which both the novice cycle analyst and the experienced engineer looking to transition to a superior tool can use NPSS to analyze any kind of practical gas turbine engine cycle in detail.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Jones, SM (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 89
EP 116
PG 28
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000010
ER
PT B
AU Tong, MT
AF Tong, Michael T.
GP ASME
TI AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF EMERGING HIGH-TEMPERATURE MATERIALS ON
ENGINE CYCLE PERFORMANCE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
DE single-aisle aircraft; TSFC; CMC; advanced; NOx metallic; thermal;
environmental barrier coating
AB Rising concerns about air quality and climate change have made environmental protection one of the most critical issues in aviation today. To achieve environmental protection that allows sustained long-term aviation growth, NASA Glenn (GRC) has been engaged in the development of advanced high-temperature materials and thermal and environmental barrier coatings under its Fundamental Aeronautics and Environmentally Responsible Aviation Programs, with specific objectives to increase engine operating temperature and efficiency, reduce cooling requirements, reduce engine weight, reduce fuel consumption, and increase engine reliability. A parametric study was performed to assess the impact of these advanced materials and coatings on engine performance, with thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) and LTO (landing-and-takeoff) NOx emissions as the key metrics. An ultra-high bypass ratio (UHB) separate flow turbofan engine for an advanced twin-engine single-aisle transport (B737/A320 class aircraft), with a sea-level static thrust of 107-kN thrust (23,000-pound), was chosen for the study. This paper presents the engine performance benefits from these advanced materials and coatings.
C1 NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Tong, MT (reprint author), NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 117
EP 124
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000011
ER
PT B
AU Brown, C
Henderson, B
Bridges, J
AF Brown, Clifford
Henderson, Brenda
Bridges, James
GP ASME
TI DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SUPERSONIC JET NOISE MEASUREMENTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB The noise created by a supersonic aircraft is a primary concern in the design of future high-speed planes. The jet noise reduction technologies required on these aircraft will be developed using scale-models mounted to experimental jet rigs designed to simulate the exhaust gases from a full-scale jet engine. The jet noise data collected in these experiments must accurately predict the noise levels produced by the full-scale hardware in order to be a useful development tool. A methodology has been adopted at the NASA Glenn Research Center's Aero-Acoustic Propulsion Laboratory to insure the quality of the supersonic jet noise data acquired from the facility's High Flow Jet Exit Rig so that it can be used to develop future nozzle technologies that reduce supersonic jet noise. The methodology relies on mitigating extraneous noise sources, examining the impact of measurement location on the acoustic results, and investigating the facility independence of the measurements. The methodology is documented here as a basis for validating future improvements and its limitations are noted so that they do not affect the data analysis. Maintaining a high quality jet noise laboratory is an ongoing process. By carefully examining the data produced and continually following this methodology, data quality can be maintained and improved over time.
C1 [Brown, Clifford; Henderson, Brenda; Bridges, James] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Brown, C (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 155
EP 167
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000015
ER
PT B
AU Podboy, GG
Bridges, JE
Henderson, BS
AF Podboy, Gary G.
Bridges, James E.
Henderson, Brenda S.
GP ASME
TI PHASED ARRAY NOISE SOURCE LOCALIZATION MEASUREMENTS OF AN F404 NOZZLE
PLUME AT BOTH FULL AND MODEL SCALE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB A 48-microphone planar phased array system was used to acquire jet noise source localization data on both a full-scale F404-GE-F400 engine and on a 1/4(th) scale model of a F400 series nozzle. The full-scale engine test data show the location of the dominant noise sources in the jet plume as a function of frequency for the engine in both baseline (no chevron) and chevron configurations. Data are presented for the engine operating both with and without afterburners. Based on lessons learned during this test, a set of recommendations are provided regarding how the phased array measurement system could be modified in order to obtain more useful acoustic source localization data on high-performance military engines in the future. The data obtained on the 1/4(th) scale F400 series nozzle provide useful insights regarding the full-scale engine jet noise source mechanisms, and document some of the differences associated with testing at model-scale versus full-scale.
C1 [Podboy, Gary G.; Bridges, James E.; Henderson, Brenda S.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Podboy, GG (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 179
EP 208
PG 30
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000017
ER
PT B
AU Povinelli, LA
AF Povinelli, Louis A.
GP ASME
TI TECHNICAL CHALLENGES FOR COMMERCAL SUPERSONIC PROPULSION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB The NASA Supersonics Project is focused on overcoming the major technical challenges associated with the development of commercial supersonic flight. The NASA Project has identified a number of technical issues that must be overcome in order for this mode of flight to become practical. In particular, the propulsion technologies must meet all of the current subsonic engine noise and emissions regulations at takeoff and landing, as well as acceptable particulate and water emissions at high altitude. High specific thrust will be required, and the effect of shocks associated with the engine inlets, nacelles and exhaust plumes must be minimized in order to achieve a low boom signature. High temperature, light weight materials are vital to achieving acceptable long range durability and efficiency. The main emphasis of this paper will be concerned with the improvements required for the propulsion system in order to achieve the goals established over the 2015 to 2030 time period. The need to successfully integrate the engine with the vehicle remains a critical issue that needs to be accomplished. This presentation presents the ongoing research activities toward achieving these goals.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Povinelli, LA (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 411
EP 426
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000038
ER
PT B
AU Hurst, JB
AF Hurst, Janet B.
GP ASME
TI MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES RESEARCH FOR GAS TURBINE APPLICATIONS WITHIN
THE NASA SUBSONIC FIXED WING PROJECT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOY; NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION;
IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; FAILURE-DETECTION; NANOTUBES; DESIGN
AB In an era of both declining NASA budgets and demanding space goals, the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate has elected to address foundational research problems for aeronautics. To this end, the Subsonic Fixed Wing (SFW) Project, within the Fundamental Aeronautics Program, has selected challenging goals which anticipate an increasing emphasis on aviation's impact upon the global issue of environmental responsibility. These SFW project goals are greatly reduced noise, reduced emissions and reduced fuel consumption. Specific goals, selected by a combination of systems analysis, experience and industry input, are generational in approach, addressing 25 to 30 years of technology development. Successful implementation of these demanding goals will require development of new materials and structural approaches within gas turbine propulsion technology.
The Materials and Structures discipline, within the SFW project, comprise cross-cutting technologies ranging from basic investigations to component validation in laboratory environments. Material advances are teamed with innovative designs in a multidisciplinary approach with the resulting technology advances directed to promote the goals of reduced noise and emissions along with improved performance. For propulsion needs, these technologies have been grouped into three basic categories. The first is improved hot section materials for hotter engines with minimal cooling requirements to promote reduced NO and fuel burn. Among the technologies of interest have been new alloy compositions and improved thermal barrier coatings systems with improved capabilities. The second category being investigated for propulsion applications is lightweight and multifunctional systems which will permit reduced fuel burn via weight reduction in the engine and its surrounding structure. An example of this technology is High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys (HTSMA) for actuation applications requiring large displacements and low frequencies such as chevrons and variable area nozzles for high bypass ratio engines. The final area under investigation is the concept of the more electric aircraft, which at this time is focused primarily on turboelectric technology as a available to make reasonable progress. Technologies from very basic fundamental research to nearer term concepts are included. Additionally, vigorous supplementation of in-house capabilities is revolutionary approach to the entire SFW design space. Major challenges to be addressed in this field include improved cryocoolers and superconducting materials.
A brief overview is presented of the current materials and structures research focused upon propulsion applications within the NASA Subsonic Fixed Wing Project. As such, it does not comprise. the entirety of materials and structures research for gas turbine engines at NASA. Several other projects also include research of this type to address their specific project goals.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Hurst, JB (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4396-3
PY 2010
BP 721
EP 731
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BUY29
UT WOS:000290692000070
ER
PT B
AU Heath, CM
Hicks, YR
Anderson, RC
Locke, RJ
AF Heath, Christopher M.
Hicks, Yolanda R.
Anderson, Robert C.
Locke, Randy J.
GP ASME
TI OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A MULTIPOINT LEAN DIRECT INJECTOR FOR GAS
TURBINE COMBUSTORS: VELOCITY AND FUEL DROP SIZE MEASUREMENTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Performance of a multipoint, lean direct injection (MP-LDI) strategy for low emission aero-propulsion systems has been tested in a Jet-A fueled, lean flame tube combustion rig. Operating conditions for the series of tests included inlet air temperatures between 672 K and 828 K, pressures between 1034 kPa and 1379 kPa and total equivalence ratios between 0.41 and 0.45, resulting in equilibrium flame temperatures approaching 1800 K. Ranges of operation were selected to represent the spectrum of subsonic and supersonic flight conditions projected for the next-generation of commercial aircraft.
This document reports laser-based measurements of in situ fuel velocities and fuel drop sizes for the NASA 9-point LDI hardware arranged in a 3 x 3 square grid configuration. Data obtained represent a region of the flame tube combustor with optical access that extends 38.1-mm downstream of the fuel injection site. All data were obtained within reacting flows, without particle seeding. Two diagnostic methods were employed to evaluate the resulting flow path. Three-component velocity fields have been captured using phase Doppler interferometry (PDI), and two-component velocity distributions using planar particle image velocimetry (PIV). Data from these techniques have also offered insight into fuel drop size and distribution, fuel injector spray angle and pattern, turbulence intensity, degree of vaporization and extent of reaction.
This research serves to characterize operation of the baseline NASA 9-point LDI strategy for potential use in future gas-turbine combustor applications. An additional motive is the compilation of a comprehensive database to facilitate understanding of combustor fuel injector aerodynamics and fuel vaporization processes, which in turn may be used to validate computational fluid dynamics codes, such as the National Combustor Code (NCC), among others.
C1 [Heath, Christopher M.; Hicks, Yolanda R.; Anderson, Robert C.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Heath, CM (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 791
EP 802
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200076
ER
PT B
AU Bulzan, D
Anderson, B
Wey, C
Howard, R
Winstead, E
Beyersdorf, A
Corporan, E
DeWitt, MJ
Klingshirn, C
Herndon, S
Miake-Lye, R
Timko, M
Wood, E
Tacina, KM
Liscinsky, D
Hagen, D
Lobo, P
Whitefield, P
AF Bulzan, Dan
Anderson, Bruce
Wey, Changlie
Howard, Robert
Winstead, Edward
Beyersdorf, Andreas
Corporan, Edwin
DeWitt, Matthew J.
Klingshirn, Chris
Herndon, Scott
Miake-Lye, Richard
Timko, Michael
Wood, Ezra
Tacina, Kathleen M.
Liscinsky, David
Hagen, Donald
Lobo, Prem
Whitefield, Phillip
GP ASME
TI GASEOUS AND PARTICULATE EMISSIONS RESULTS OF THE NASA ALTERNATIVE
AVIATION FUEL EXPERIMENT (AAFEX)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS
AB The Aircraft Alternative Fuels Emissions eXperiment (AAFEX) was conducted at National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) Aircraft Operations Facility (DAOF) in Palmdale, California, during January and February 2009. The purpose was to systematically investigate the effect of alternative fuels on both gas-phase and particle emissions from a CFM56-2C1 engine on NASA's DC-8 aircraft parked on the ground as functions of engine power, fuel composition, and exhaust plume age. Emissions parameters were measured at 6 engine power settings, ranging from idle to maximum thrust, in samples collected at 1, 30, and 145 meters (m) downstream of the exhaust plane as the aircraft burned three pure fuels and two fuel blends. The fuels included JP-8, two fuels produced using the Fischer-Tropsch process and 50/50 blends by volume of the F-T fuels with JP-8. The 1 m sampling rakes contained multiple gas and particle inlet probes and could also be traversed in order to measure the spatial variation of emissions across the engine exhaust plane. The #2 inboard engine on the left side always burned JP-8 while the #3 inboard right side engine was fueled with the various fuels and fuel blends. In addition, emissions from the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) were also evaluated with both JP-8 and one pure F-T fuel. Both gaseous and particulate emissions are presented. Results show that the synthetic fuels reduced pollutant emissions while having relatively little effect on engine operation or performance.
C1 [Bulzan, Dan; Tacina, Kathleen M.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Bulzan, D (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RI Lobo, Prem/E-8860-2013
OI Lobo, Prem/0000-0003-0626-6646
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 1195
EP 1207
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200113
ER
PT B
AU Tacina, KM
Heath, CM
AF Tacina, Kathleen M.
Heath, Christopher M.
GP ASME
TI EVOLUTION OF COMBUSTION-GENERATED PARTICLES AT TROPOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID JETS
AB This paper describes particle evolution measurements taken in the Particulate Aerosol Laboratory (PAL). The PAL consists of a burner capable of burning jet fuel that exhausts into an altitude chamber that can simulate temperature and pressure conditions up to 13,700 m. After presenting results from initial temperature distributions inside the chamber, particle count data measured in the altitude chamber are shown. Initial particle count data show that the sampling system can have a significant effect on the measured particle distribution: both the value of particle number concentration and the shape of the radial distribution of the particle number concentration depend on whether the measurement probe is heated or unheated.
C1 [Tacina, Kathleen M.; Heath, Christopher M.] NASA, Combust Branch, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Tacina, KM (reprint author), NASA, Combust Branch, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Kathleen.M.Tacina@nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4397-0
PY 2010
BP 1289
EP 1299
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BUY33
UT WOS:000290693200121
ER
PT B
AU Garg, S
Schadow, K
Horn, W
Pfoertner, H
Stiharu, I
AF Garg, Sanjay
Schadow, Klaus
Horn, Wolfgang
Pfoertner, Hugo
Stiharu, Ion
GP ASME
TI SENSOR AND ACTUATOR NEEDS FOR MORE INTELLIGENT GAS TURBINE ENGINES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB This paper provides an overview of the controls and diagnostics technologies, that are seen as critical for more intelligent gas turbine engines (GTE), with an emphasis on the sensor and actuator technologies that need to be developed for the controls and diagnostics implementation. The objective of the paper is to help the "Customers" of advanced technologies, defense acquisition and aerospace research agencies, understand the state-of-the-art of intelligent GTE technologies, and help the "Researchers" and "Technology Developers" for GTE sensors and actuators identify what technologies need to be developed to enable the "Intelligent GTE" concepts and focus their research efforts on closing the technology gap. To keep the effort manageable, the focus of the paper is on "On-Board Intelligence" to enable safe and efficient operation of the engine over its life time, with an emphasis on gas path performance.
C1 [Garg, Sanjay] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Garg, S (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4398-7
PY 2010
BP 155
EP 167
PG 13
WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUY35
UT WOS:000290693400016
ER
PT B
AU Simon, DL
Litt, JS
AF Simon, Donald L.
Litt, Jonathan S.
GP ASME
TI A DATA FILTER FOR IDENTIFYING STEADY-STATE OPERATING POINTS IN ENGINE
FLIGHT DATA FOR CONDITION MONITORING APPLICATIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB This paper presents an algorithm that automatically identifies and extracts steady-state engine operating points from engine flight data. It calculates the mean and standard deviation of select parameters contained in the incoming flight data stream. If the standard deviation of the data falls below defined constraints, the engine is assumed to be at a steady-state operating point, and the mean measurement data at that point are archived for subsequent condition monitoring purposes. The fundamental design of the steady-state data filter is completely generic and applicable for any dynamic system. Additional domain-specific logic constraints are applied to reduce data outliers and variance within the collected steady-state data. The filter is designed for on-line real-time processing of streaming data as opposed to post-processing of the data in batch mode. Results of applying the steady-state data filter to recorded helicopter engine flight data are shown, demonstrating its utility for engine condition monitoring applications.
C1 [Simon, Donald L.; Litt, Jonathan S.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Simon, DL (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 77-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4398-7
PY 2010
BP 191
EP 200
PG 10
WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUY35
UT WOS:000290693400019
ER
PT B
AU Kopasakis, G
AF Kopasakis, George
GP ASME
TI MODELING OF ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE AS DISTURBANCES FOR CONTROL DESIGN
AND EVALUATION OF HIGH SPEED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Atmospheric turbulence models are necessary for the design of both inlet/engine: and flight controls, as well as for studying integrated couplings between the propulsion and the vehicle structural dynamics for supersonic vehicles. Models based on the Kolmogorov spectrum have been previously utilized to model atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, a more accurate model is developed in its representative fractional order form, typical of atmospheric disturbances. This is accomplished by first scaling the Kolmogorov spectral to convert them into finite energy von Karman forms. Then a generalized formulation is developed in frequency domain for these scale models that approximates the fractional order with the products of first order transfer functions. Given the parameters describing the conditions of atmospheric disturbances and utilizing the derived formulations, the objective is to directly compute the transfer functions that describe these disturbances for acoustic velocity, temperature, pressure and density. Utilizing these computed transfer functions and choosing the disturbance frequencies of interest, time domain simulations of these representative atmospheric turbulences can be developed. These disturbance representations are then used to first develop considerations for disturbance rejection specifications for the design of the propulsion control system, and then to evaluate the closed-loop performance.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Kopasakis, G (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4398-7
PY 2010
BP 201
EP 213
PG 13
WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUY35
UT WOS:000290693400020
ER
PT B
AU Culley, D
AF Culley, Dennis
GP ASME
TI TRANSITION IN GAS TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE: MODULAR,
DISTRIBUTED AND EMBEDDED
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 3
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Controls systems are an increasingly important component of turbine-engine system technology. However, as engines become more capable, the control system itself becomes ever more constrained by the inherent environmental conditions of the engine; a relationship forced by the continued reliance on commercial electronics technology. A revolutionary change in the architecture of turbine-engine control systems will change this paradigm and result in fully distributed engine control systems. Initially, the revolution will begin with the physical decoupling of the control law processor from the hostile: engine environment using a digital communications network and engine-mounted high temperature electronics requiring little or no thermal control. The vision for the evolution of distributed control capability from this initial implementation to fully distributed and embedded control is described in a roadmap and implementation plan. The development of this plan is the result of discussions with government and industry stakeholders.
C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Culley, D (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4398-7
PY 2010
BP 287
EP 297
PG 11
WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BUY35
UT WOS:000290693400028
ER
PT B
AU Shyam, V
Ameri, A
Chen, JP
AF Shyam, Vikram
Ameri, Ali
Chen, Jen-Ping
GP ASME
TI ANALYSIS OF UNSTEADY TIP AND ENDWALL HEAT TRANSFER IN A HIGHLY LOADED
TRANSONIC TURBINE STAGE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 4, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID EFFICIENCY
AB In a previous study, vane-rotor shock interactions and heat transfer on the rotor blade of a highly loaded transonic turbine stage were simulated. The geometry consists of a high pressure turbine vane and downstream rotor blade. This study focuses on the physics of flow and heat transfer in the rotor tip, casing and hub regions. The simulation was performed using the URANS (Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) code MSU-TURBO. A low Reynolds number k-epsilon model was utilized to model turbulence. The rotor blade in question has a tip gap height of 2.1% of the blade height. The Reynolds number of the flow is approximately 3x10(6) per meter. Unsteadiness was observed at the tip surface that results in intermittent 'hot spots'. It is demonstrated that unsteadiness in the tip gap is governed by inviscid effects due to high speed flow and is not strongly dependent on pressure ratio across the tip gap contrary to published observations that have primarily dealt with subsonic tip flows. The high relative Mach numbers in the tip gap lead to a choking of the leakage flow that translates to a relative attenuation of losses at higher loading. The efficacy of new tip geometry is discussed to minimize heat flux at the tip while maintaining choked conditions. In addition, an explanation is provided that shows the mechanism behind the rise in stagnation temperature on the casing to values above the absolute total temperature at the inlet. It is concluded that even in steady mode, work transfer to the near tip fluid occurs due to relative shearing by the casing. This is believed to be the first such explanation of the work transfer phenomenon in the open literature. The difference in pattern between steady and time-averaged heat flux at the hub is also explained.
C1 [Shyam, Vikram; Ameri, Ali] Ohio State Univ, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Shyam, V (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4399-4
PY 2010
BP 645
EP 656
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BUY36
UT WOS:000290693500058
ER
PT B
AU Boyle, RJ
Ameri, AA
AF Boyle, Robert J.
Ameri, Ali A.
GP ASME
TI A Correlation Approach to Predicting Film Cooled Turbine Vane Heat
Transfer
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 4, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID CURVATURE
AB A correlation is developed to predict film cooling effectiveness for turbine vanes. Heat transfer data from a number of different sources is examined to determine if the correlation satisfactorily predicts film cooled vane heat transfer data. Predictions are made for a range of variables encountered in these data. The primary purpose of this work is to demonstrate how well film cooling correlations, developed from large scale experiments, can be utilized to predict turbine blade heat transfer. The correlation that is developed accounts for blowing ratio, Reynolds number, turbulence intensity, and surface curvature. A second purpose of this work is to illustrate the importance of comparing predictions with data at a sufficiently high Reynolds number to be applicable to first; stage turbine vanes of future engines with their increased overall pressure ratios.
C1 [Boyle, Robert J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Boyle, RJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
EM rbrjboyle760@gmail.com; Ali.A.Ameri@nasa.gov
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4399-4
PY 2010
BP 1841
EP 1856
PG 16
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BUY36
UT WOS:000290693500161
ER
PT B
AU DellaCorte, C
Bruckner, RJ
AF DellaCorte, Christopher
Bruckner, Robert J.
GP ASME
TI REMAINING TECHNICAL CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PLANS FOR OIL-FREE
TURBOMACHINERY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 5
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID FOIL AIR BEARINGS; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN
AB The application of Oil-Free technologies (foil gas bearings, solid lubricants and advanced analysis and predictive modeling tools) to advanced turbomachinery has been underway for several decades. During that time, full commercialization has occurred in aircraft air cycle machines, turbocompressors and cryocoolers and ever-larger microturbines. Emerging products in the automotive sector (turbochargers and superchargers) indicate that high volume serial production of foil bearings is imminent. Demonstration of foil bearings in APU's and select locations in propulsion gas turbines illustrates that such technology also has a place in these future systems. Foil bearing designs, predictive tools and advanced solid lubricants have been reported that can satisfy anticipated requirements but a major question remains regarding the scalability of foil bearings to ever larger sizes to support heavier rotors. In this paper, the technological history, primary physics, engineering practicalities and existing experimental and experiential database for scaling foil bearings are reviewed and the major remaining technical challenges are identified.
C1 [DellaCorte, Christopher; Bruckner, Robert J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP DellaCorte, C (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4400-7
PY 2010
BP 249
EP 258
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVA93
UT WOS:000290919900025
ER
PT B
AU Howard, SA
San Andres, L
AF Howard, Samuel A.
San Andres, Luis
GP ASME
TI A NEW ANALYSIS TOOL ASSESSMENT FOR ROTORDYNAMIC MODELING OF GAS FOIL
BEARINGS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 6, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID COUPLED FINITE-ELEMENT; JOURNAL BEARINGS; STRUCTURAL STIFFNESS; DAMPING
COEFFICIENTS; THRUST-BEARINGS; PERFORMANCE; PREDICTION; FLOW; LOAD
AB Gas foil bearings offer several advantages over traditional bearing types that make them attractive for use in high-speed turbomachinery. They can operate at very high temperatures, require no lubrication supply (oil pumps, seals, etc), exhibit very long life with no maintenance, and once operating airborne, have very low power loss. The use of gas foil bearings in high-speed turbomachinery has been accelerating in recent years, although the pace has been slow. One of the contributing factors to the slow growth has been a lack of analysis tools, benchmarked to measurements, to predict gas foil bearing behavior in rotating machinery. To address this shortcoming, NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has supported the development of analytical tools to predict gas foil bearing performance. One of the codes has the capability to predict rotordynamic coefficients, power loss, film thickness, structural deformation, and more. The current paper presents an assessment of the predictive capability of the code, named XLGFBTH (c). A test rig at GRC is used as a simulated case study to compare rotordynamic analysis using output from the code to actual rotor response as measured in the test rig. The test rig rotor is supported on two gas foil journal bearings manufactured at GRC, with all pertinent geometry disclosed. The resulting comparison shows that the rotordynamic coefficients calculated using XLGFBTH (c) represent the dynamics of the system reasonably well, especially as they pertain to predicting critical speeds.
C1 [Howard, Samuel A.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Howard, SA (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
OI San Andres, Luis/0000-0002-9619-3817
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4401-4
PY 2010
BP 135
EP 145
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVB00
UT WOS:000290927800014
ER
PT B
AU Pai, SS
Nagpal, VK
Bhattacharya, N
AF Pai, Shantaram. S.
Nagpal, Vinod. K.
Bhattacharya, N.
GP ASME
TI PROBABILISTIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ANNULAR DEFORMATION RESISTANCE
WELDING PROCESS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 6, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB An effort has been ongoing to integrate manufacturing process simulations with probabilistic structural analyses in order to capture the important impacts of manufacturing uncertainties on component stress levels and life. A physics-based manufacturing process simulation code has been linked to the NESSUS structural analysis code to analyze annular deformation resistance welding manufacturing process. This paper describes the methodology developed to perform this integration, including an example. Although this effort is underway, particularly for fuller integration of a probabilistic analysis, the progress to date has been encouraging and a software interface that implements the methodology has been developed. The purpose of this paper is to report this development.
C1 [Pai, Shantaram. S.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Pai, SS (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4401-4
PY 2010
BP 673
EP 682
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVB00
UT WOS:000290927800070
ER
PT B
AU Provenza, AJ
Duffy, KP
AF Provenza, Andrew J.
Duffy, Kirsten P.
GP ASME
TI EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING TURBOMACHINERY BLADE DAMPING
USING MAGNETIC BEARING EXCITATION AND NON-CONTACTING OPTICAL
MEASUREMENTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2010, VOL 6, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Turbo Expo 2010
CY JUN 14-18, 2010
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Int Gas Turbine Inst
AB Experiments to determine the effects of turbomachinery fan blade damping concepts such as passively shunted piezoelectric materials on blade response are ongoing at the NASA Glenn Research Center. A vertical rotor is suspended and excited with active magnetic bearings (AMBs) usually in a vacuum chamber to eliminate aerodynamic forces. Electromagnetic rotor excitation is superimposed onto rotor PD-controlled support and can be fixed to either a stationary or rotating frame of reference. The rotor speed is controlled with an air turbine system. Blade vibrations are measured using optical probes as part of a Non-Contacting Stress Measurement System (NSMS). Damping is calculated from these measurements. It can be difficult to get accurate damping measurements using this experimental setup and some of the details of how to obtain quality results are seemingly nontrivial. The intent of this paper is to present those details.
C1 [Provenza, Andrew J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Provenza, AJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4401-4
PY 2010
BP 739
EP 747
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BVB00
UT WOS:000290927800077
ER
PT J
AU Nghiem, SV
Neumann, G
AF Nghiem, S. V.
Neumann, G.
BE Dini, P
Popescu, M
TI New Method to Measure High-Resolution Wind from a Decade of NASA
Satellite Scatterometer Data for Offshore Wind Energy Development
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOSCIENCES,
(BIOSCIENCESWORLD 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Biosciences (BioSciencesWorld)
CY MAR 07-13, 2010
CL Cancun, MEXICO
SP IARIA, IEEE Comp Soc
DE Offshore wind energy; power density; satellite scatterometer
ID LAND
AB A new method is developed to obtain a unique dataset of offshore wind climatology at 1-km posting from a decade of NASA QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer data. High-resolution scatterometer results, as close as 10-15 km to shore, are compared with model patterns of the National Renewable Laboratory (NREL) wind density classes to show potential areas for wind energy development in near-shore waters. High-resolution wind atlases can be made for various science studies and practical applications.
C1 [Nghiem, S. V.; Neumann, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Nghiem, SV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM Son.V.Nghiem@jpl.nasa.gov; Gregory.Neumann@jpl.nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; JPL Earth Science and
Technology Directorate
FX The research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL),
California Institute of Technology, was supported under a contract with
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Special thanks for
the support of the JPL Earth Science and Technology Directorate.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA
BN 978-0-7695-3968-3
PY 2010
BP 125
EP 129
DI 10.1109/BioSciencesWorld.2010.22
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BG9JA
UT WOS:000393297600020
ER
PT J
AU Chattopadhyay, G
AF Chattopadhyay, Goutam
GP IEEE
TI Terahertz Antennas and Systems for Space Borne Platforms
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
ID SUBMILLIMETER ASTRONOMY; MILLIMETER-WAVE; INTERFEROMETRY; SPECTROMETER;
TECHNOLOGY; CORRELATOR; MIXERS; ARRAY
AB Space based applications in astrophysics, planetary, and Earth sciences have been the primary drivers for the technology developments in the terahertz frequency band. In this paper we review the status of the terahertz technology today as it applies to antennas and systems and discuss the future needs and direction.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Chattopadhyay, G (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 168-314,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM goutam@.jpl.nasa.gov
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541704049
ER
PT J
AU Deshpande, MD
Zhang, ZN
Starr, DO
Racette, PE
Hersey, KE
Marx, CT
du Toit, CF
Mahnad, AR
AF Deshpande, Manohar D.
Zhang Zhaona
Starr, David O.
Racette, Paul E.
Hersey, Kenneth E.
Marx, Catherine T.
du Toit, Cornelis F.
Mahnad, Ali R.
GP IEEE
TI Near-Field Amplitude-Only Measurement System to Validate Performance of
mm-Wave Antennas
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
ID PHASE
AB This paper presents design and experimental validation of the radiation performance of a mm wave antenna comprising of a torroidal shaped reflector with multiple sub reflectors to be used in NASA's SIRICE mission. Design aspects of the SIRICE antenna system are discussed and a near-field amplitude-only measurement setup is described for experimental validation of the radiation performance of the SIRICE antenna. A global optimization procedure, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), was used to estimate the phase front of the measured near-field. The radiation performance of a standard X-band antenna obtained from near-field amplitude-only measurements is compared with its documented performance.
C1 [Deshpande, Manohar D.; Zhang Zhaona; Starr, David O.; Racette, Paul E.; Hersey, Kenneth E.; Marx, Catherine T.; du Toit, Cornelis F.; Mahnad, Ali R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Deshpande, MD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Manohar.d.deshpande@nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541701061
ER
PT J
AU Imbriale, WA
Weinreb, S
Jones, G
Mani, H
AF Imbriale, W. A.
Weinreb, Sander
Jones, Glen
Mani, Handi
GP IEEE
TI RF Performance of the GAVRT Wideband Radio Telescope (EuCAP 2010)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
AB A wideband Radio Telescope was designed and built for use in the Goldstone Apple Valley Radio Telescope (GAVRT) program. It uses an existing 34-meter antenna retrofitted with a tertiary offset mirror placed at the apex of the main reflector. It can be rotated to use two feeds that cover the 0.5 to 14 GHz band. The feed for 4.0 to 14.0 GHz is a cryogenically cooled commercially available open boundary quadridge horn from ETS-Lindgren. Coverage from 0.5 to 4.0 GHz is provided by an un-cooled scaled version of the same feed that uses a cooled LNA. The measured performance is greater than 40% over much of the band.
C1 [Imbriale, W. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Weinreb, Sander; Jones, Glen; Mani, Handi] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Imbriale, WA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM imbriale@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541703163
ER
PT J
AU Llombart, N
Chattopadhyay, G
AF Llombart, N.
Chattopadhyay, G.
GP IEEE
TI Extended Hemispherical Silicon Lens Excited By A Leaky Wave Waveguide
Feed
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
AB We present a novel antenna concept suitable for future integrated arrays at terahertz frequencies. The antenna consists of an extended hemispherical lens antenna fed by a leaky wave waveguide feed. In this contribution we present the antenna lens analysis and design.
C1 [Llombart, N.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Opt, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Chattopadhyay, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Llombart, N (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Opt, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
FX The authors thank Peter Siegel, Imran Mehdi and Anders Skalare of the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for their support. Finally the authors
also thank Bertrand Thomas for useful discussions and for helping in the
setup of the antenna measurements together with David Pukala and Robert
Dengler (all of JPL).; The research described in this paper was carried
out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541700188
ER
PT J
AU Maffei, B
Noviello, F
Savini, G
Murphy, JA
Lamarre, JM
Ade, PAR
Bouchet, FR
Brossard, J
Catalano, A
Colgan, R
Gispert, R
Gleeson, E
Haynes, CV
Jones, WC
Lange, AE
Longval, Y
McAuley, I
Norgaard-Nielsen, HU
Pajot, F
Peacocke, T
Pisano, G
Puget, JL
Ristorcelli, I
Sudiwala, R
Tauber, J
Wylde, RJ
Yurchenko, V
AF Maffei, B.
Noviello, F.
Savini, G.
Murphy, J. A.
Lamarre, J-M.
Ade, P. A. R.
Bouchet, F. R.
Brossard, J.
Catalano, A.
Colgan, R.
Gispert, R.
Gleeson, E.
Haynes, C. V.
Jones, W. C.
Lange, A. E.
Longval, Y.
McAuley, I.
Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U.
Pajot, F.
Peacocke, T.
Pisano, G.
Puget, J-L.
Ristorcelli, I.
Sudiwala, R.
Tauber, J.
Wylde, R. J.
Yurchenko, V.
GP IEEE
TI Planck-HFI optical design and pre-flight performances
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
AB Planck is a European Space Agency (ESA) satellite, launched in May 2009, which is mapping the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies in intensity and polarisation with unprecedented detail and sensitivity. It will also provide full-sky maps of astrophysical foregrounds. An accurate knowledge of the telescope beam patterns is an essential element for a correct analysis of the acquired astrophysical data. We present the optical design of the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) together with the optical performances measured during the ground calibration campaigns. We report on the evolution of the knowledge of the pre-launch HFI beam patterns when coupled to the telescope, and on their significance for the HFI data analysis procedure.
C1 [Maffei, B.; Haynes, C. V.; Pisano, G.] Univ Manchester, JBCA, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Noviello, F.; Gispert, R.; Longval, Y.; Pajot, F.; Puget, J-L.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Savini, G.] Univ London Univ Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Opt Sci Lab, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Murphy, J. A.; Colgan, R.; Gleeson, E.; McAuley, I.; Yurchenko, V.] NUI Maynooth, Dept Expt Phys, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
[Lamarre, J-M.; Catalano, A.] CNRS, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Sudiwala, R.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales.
[Bouchet, F. R.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Brossard, J.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France.
[Jones, W. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Jones, W. C.; Lange, A. E.] CALTECH, JPL, Calif Observ Cosmol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U.] Danish Natl Space Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Ristorcelli, I.] CNRS Univ 9, CESR, F-31038 Toulouse 4, France.
[Tauber, J.] ESA, Astrophys Div, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Wylde, R. J.] Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Yurchenko, V.] NAS Ukraine, Inst Radiophys & Elect, UA-61085 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Catalano, A.] Univ Paris Diderot, UMR 7164, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France.
RP Maffei, B (reprint author), Univ Manchester, JBCA, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM Bruno.maffei@manchester.ac.uk
RI Bouchet, Francois/B-5202-2014
FU STFC; CNRS; CNES; ESA; NASA; Enterprise Ireland and Science Foundation
Ireland
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support from STFC, CNRS, CNES,
ESA, NASA, Enterprise Ireland and Science Foundation Ireland.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541704152
ER
PT J
AU Rochblatt, DJ
Baines, G
Vazquez, M
Sotuela, I
Snedeker, C
LaBelle, R
Schredder, J
Ridgway, T
AF Rochblatt, David J.
Baines, Graham
Vazquez, Manuel
Sotuela, Ioana
Snedeker, Chuck
LaBelle, Remi
Schredder, Jeffery
Ridgway, Tom
GP IEEE
TI Calibration and Performance Measurements of the NASA Deep Space Network
Antennas Upgrade for Ka-Band (26-GHz)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND
PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP esa, CST, FEKO, TICRA, ANSOFT, ANSYS, speag, fractus, IET, WILEY-BLACKWELL, EPFL, EUREL, UPC
AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Deep Space Network (DSN) has recently installed equipment to support high-data-rate missions (within 2 million kilometers of Earth) with simultaneous S-band uplink, S-band downlink and Ka-band (26-GHz) downlink. The S-band links are required for traditional TT&C support to the spacecraft, while the Ka-band link is intended for high-data-rate science returns. The new Ka-band system combines the use of proven DSN cryogenic designs, for low noise system temperature, and high data rate capability using commercial telemetry receivers. The initial support is required for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2013 and possibly other missions. The upgrade has been implemented into 3 different 34-meter Beam Waveguide (BWG) antennas in the DSN, one at each of the DSN complexes which are located in Canberra (Australia), Goldstone (California) and Madrid (Spain). After the completion of these upgrades, a comprehensive campaign of tests and measurements took place to calibrate these antennas for optimum performance at 26-GHz. This paper describes these measurements and presents the performance of the 34-m BWG antennas subnet.
C1 [Rochblatt, David J.; LaBelle, Remi] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Baines, Graham] Raytheon Australia Pty Ltd, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Vazquez, Manuel; Sotuela, Ioana] Ingenieria y Servicios Aeroespaciales INSA, Madrid, Spain.
[Snedeker, Chuck; Schredder, Jeffery; Ridgway, Tom] ITT Ind Syst Div, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
RP Rochblatt, DJ (reprint author), Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM david.j.rochblatt@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-84-7653-472-4
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BXN69
UT WOS:000296541704073
ER
PT J
AU Rumsey, CL
AF Rumsey, C. L.
TI Consistency, verification, and validation of turbulence models for
Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes applications
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE turbulence model; verification; grid resolution; website
ID FLOWS
AB In current practice, it is often difficult to draw firm conclusions about turbulence model accuracy when performing multi-code computational fluid dynamics studies ostensibly using the same model because of inconsistencies in model formulation or implementation in different codes. This article describes an effort to improve the consistency, verification, and validation of turbulence models within the aerospace community through a website database of verification and validation cases. Some of the variants of two widely used turbulence models are described, and two independent computer codes (one structured and one unstructured) are used in conjunction with two specific versions of these models to demonstrate consistency with grid refinement for several representative problems. Naming conventions, implementation consistency, and thorough grid resolution studies are key factors necessary for success.
C1 NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Rumsey, CL (reprint author), NASA Langley Res Ctr, Mail Stop 128, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM c.l.rumsey@nasa.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4100
J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng.
PY 2010
VL 224
IS G11
BP 1211
EP 1218
DI 10.1243/09544100JAERO755
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 678OR
UT WOS:000284089500005
ER
PT J
AU Jarvis, PA
Wolfe, S
Enomoto, F
Nado, R
Sierhuis, M
AF Jarvis, Peter A.
Wolfe, Shawn
Enomoto, Francis
Nado, Robert
Sierhuis, Maarten
GP AAAI
TI A Centralized Multi-Agent Negotiation Approach Collaborative Air Traffic
Resource Management Planning
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE (AAAI-10)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
CY JUL 11-15, 2010
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Assoc Advancement Artificial Intelligence
DE Air Traffic Management; Multi-Agent Systems; Negotiation; Hill Climbing;
and Linear Programming
AB Demand and capacity imbalances in the US national airspace are resolved using traffic management initiatives designed, in current operations, with little collaboration with the airspace users. NASA and its partners have developed a new collaborative concept of operations that requires the users and airspace service provider to work together to choose initiatives that better satisfy the business needs of the users while also ensuring safety to the same standard as today. In this paper, we describe an approach to implementing this concept through a software negotiation framework underpinned by technology developed in the artificial intelligence community. We describe our exploration of peer-to-peer negotiation and how the number of conversation threads and the time sensitivity of offer acceptance led us to a centralized approach. The centralized approach uses hill climbing to evaluate airport slot allocations from a user perspective and a linear programming solver to seek solutions compatible across the user community. Our experiments with full sized problems identify the potential operational benefits as well as limitations, and where future research needs to be focused.
C1 [Wolfe, Shawn; Enomoto, Francis] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Jarvis, Peter A.] Craig Technol, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 USA.
[Nado, Robert] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Seabrook, MD USA.
[Sierhuis, Maarten] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Sierhuis, Maarten] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands.
RP Jarvis, PA (reprint author), Craig Technol, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 USA.
EM Peter.Jarvis@nasa.gov; Shawn.Wolfe@nasa.gov; Francis.Enomoto@nasa.gov;
Robert.Nado@nasa.gov; Maarten.Sierhuis@nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
PI PALO ALTO
PA 2275 E BAYSHORE RD, STE 160, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA
BN 978-1-57735-463-5
PY 2010
BP 1787
EP 1792
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BG7ZA
UT WOS:000392059700286
ER
PT J
AU Schurr, N
Good, R
Alexander, A
Picciano, P
Ganberg, G
Therrien, M
Beard, BL
Holbrook, J
AF Schurr, Nathan
Good, Richard
Alexander, Amy
Picciano, Paul
Ganberg, Gabriel
Therrien, Michael
Beard, Bettina L.
Holbrook, Jon
GP AAAI
TI A Testbed for Investigating Task Allocation Strategies between Air
Traffic Controllers and Automated Agents
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE (AAAI-10)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
CY JUL 11-15, 2010
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Assoc Advancement Artificial Intelligence
ID AUTONOMY; HUMANS; MODEL
AB To meet the growing demands of the National Airspace System (NAS) stakeholders and provide the level of service, safety and security needed to sustain future air transport, the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) concept calls for technologies and systems offering increasing support from automated systems that provide decision-aiding and optimization capabilities. This is an exciting application for some core aspects of Artificial Intelligence research since the automation must be designed to enable the human operators to access and process a myriad of information sources, understand heightened system complexity, and maximize capacity, throughput and fuel savings in the NAS.. This paper introduces an emerging application of techniques from mixed initiative (adjustable autonomy), multi-agent systems, and task scheduling techniques to the air traffic control domain. Consequently, we have created a testbed for investigating the critical challenges in supporting the early design of systems that allow for optimal, context-sensitive function (role) allocation between air traffic controller and automated agents. A pilot study has been conducted with the testbed and preliminary results show a marked qualitative improvement in using dynamic function allocation optimization versus static function allocation.
C1 [Schurr, Nathan; Good, Richard; Alexander, Amy; Picciano, Paul; Ganberg, Gabriel; Therrien, Michael] Aptima Inc, 12 Gill St,Suite 1400, Woburn, MA 01801 USA.
[Beard, Bettina L.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Holbrook, Jon] San Jose State Univ, Res Fdn, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Schurr, N (reprint author), Aptima Inc, 12 Gill St,Suite 1400, Woburn, MA 01801 USA.
EM nschurr@aptima.com; rgood@aptima.com; aalexander@aptima.com;
ppicciano@aptima.com; gganberg@aptima.com; mtherrien@aptima.com;
tina.beard@nasa.gov; jon.holbrook@nasa.gov
FU NASA Airspace Systems Program [NNA08BC68C]
FX The authors would like to thank the NASA Airspace Systems Program for
its support of this work under Contract #NNA08BC68C.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
PI PALO ALTO
PA 2275 E BAYSHORE RD, STE 160, PALO ALTO, CA 94303 USA
BN 978-1-57735-463-5
PY 2010
BP 1839
EP 1845
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BG7ZA
UT WOS:000392059700294
ER
PT S
AU Wolpert, DH
AF Wolpert, David H.
BE Ferreira, F
Lowe, B
Mayordomo, E
Gomes, LM
TI Inference Concerning Physical Systems
SO PROGRAMS, PROOFS, PROCESSES
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Conference on Computability in Europe (CiE 2010)
CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2010
CL Univ Azores, Ponta Delgada, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Azores
DE physical inference; dynamical systems
ID COMPUTATION; LIMITS
AB The question of whether the universe "is" just an information-processing system has been extensively studied in physics. To address this issue, the canonical forms of information processing in physical systems - observation, prediction, control and memory - were analyzed in [24]. Those forms of information processing are all inherently epistemological; they transfer information concerning the universe as a whole into a scientist's mind. Accordingly, [24] formalized the logical relationship that must hold between the state of a scientist's mind and the state of the universe containing the scientist whenever one of those processes is successful. This formalization has close analogs in the analysis of Turing machines. In particular, it can be used to define an "informational analog" of algorithmic information complexity. In addition, this formalization allows us to establish existence and impossibility results concerning observation, prediction, control and memory. The impossibility results establish that Laplace was wrong to claim that even in a classical, non-chaotic universe the future can be unerringly predicted, given sufficient knowledge of the present. Alternatively, the impossibility results can be viewed as a non-quantum mechanical "uncertainty principle". Here I present a novel motivation of the formalization introduced in [24] and extend some of the associated impossibility results.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Wolpert, DH (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop 269-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM david.h.wolpert@nasa.gov
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-13961-1
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6158
BP 438
EP 447
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BRC24
UT WOS:000282336000048
ER
PT J
AU Guerrero, MA
Ramos-Larios, G
Massa, D
AF Guerrero, Martin A.
Ramos-Larios, Gerardo
Massa, Derck
TI A FUSE View of Winds from the Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop in honor of Agnes Acker on Legacies of the
Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg H-alpha Planetary Nebula Project (MASH)
CY FEB 16-18, 2009
CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA
DE line: profiles; planetary nebulae; stars: winds, outflows; ultraviolet:
stars
AB Since the IUE satellite produced a vast collection of high-resolution UV spectra of the central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe), there has not been any further systematic study of the stellar winds of these stars. The high spectral resolution, sensitivity and large number of archival observations in the FUSE archive allow the study of the stellar winds of CSPNe in the far-UV domain where lines of species spanning a wide excitation range can be observed. We present here a preliminary analysis of the P Cygni profiles of a sample of similar to 60 CSPNe observed by FUSE. P Cygni profiles providing evidence for fast stellar winds with velocities between 200 and 4300 km s(-1) have been found in 40 CSPNe. In many cases, this is the first time that fast stellar winds have been reported for these planetary nebulae (PNe). A detailed study of these far-UV spectra is on-going.
C1 [Guerrero, Martin A.; Ramos-Larios, Gerardo] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
[Ramos-Larios, Gerardo] Inst Astron & Meteorol, Guadalajara 44130, Jalisco, Mexico.
[Massa, Derck] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Guerrero, MA (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Camino Bajo Huetor 50, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
EM mar@iaa.es
OI Guerrero, Martin/0000-0002-7759-106X
NR 6
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 2
BP 210
EP 213
DI 10.1071/AS09024
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 602IX
UT WOS:000278133900012
ER
PT J
AU Macquart, JP
Bailes, M
Bhat, NDR
Bower, GC
Bunton, JD
Chatterjee, S
Colegate, T
Cordes, JM
D'Addario, L
Deller, A
Dodson, R
Fender, R
Haines, K
Hall, P
Harris, C
Hotan, A
Johnston, S
Jones, DL
Keith, M
Koay, JY
Lazio, TJW
Majid, W
Murphy, T
Navarro, R
Phillips, C
Quinn, P
Preston, RA
Stansby, B
Stairs, I
Stappers, B
Staveley-Smith, L
Tingay, S
Thompson, D
van Straten, W
Wagstaff, K
Warren, M
Wayth, R
Wen, L
AF Macquart, Jean-Pierre
Bailes, M.
Bhat, N. D. R.
Bower, G. C.
Bunton, J. D.
Chatterjee, S.
Colegate, T.
Cordes, J. M.
D'Addario, L.
Deller, A.
Dodson, R.
Fender, R.
Haines, K.
Hall, P.
Harris, C.
Hotan, A.
Johnston, S.
Jones, D. L.
Keith, M.
Koay, J. Y.
Lazio, T. J. W.
Majid, W.
Murphy, T.
Navarro, R.
Phillips, C.
Quinn, P.
Preston, R. A.
Stansby, B.
Stairs, I.
Stappers, B.
Staveley-Smith, L.
Tingay, S.
Thompson, D.
van Straten, W.
Wagstaff, K.
Warren, M.
Wayth, R.
Wen, L.
CA CRAFT Collaboration
TI The Commensal Real-Time ASKAP Fast-Transients (CRAFT) Survey
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitational waves; ISM: structure; scattering; surveys; techniques:
radar astronomy
ID HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; GIANT PULSES; RADIO-BURSTS; MILLISECOND
PULSAR; NEUTRON-STARS; BARYONS; INTERMITTENCY; TURBULENCE; SKY
AB We are developing a purely commensal survey experiment for fast (<5 s) transient radio sources. Short-timescale transients are associated with the most energetic and brightest single events in the Universe. Our objective is to cover the enormous volume of transients parameter space made available by ASKAP, with an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and field of view. Fast timescale transients open new vistas on the physics of high brightness temperature emission, extreme states of matter and the physics of strong gravitational fields. In addition, the detection of extragalactic objects affords us an entirely new and extremely sensitive probe on the huge reservoir of baryons present in the IGM. We outline here our approach to the considerable challenge involved in detecting fast transients, particularly the development of hardware fast enough to dedisperse and search the ASKAP data stream at or near real-time rates. Through CRAFT, ASKAP will provide the testbed of many of the key technologies and survey modes proposed for high time resolution science with the SKA.
C1 [Macquart, Jean-Pierre; Colegate, T.; Hall, P.; Hotan, A.; Koay, J. Y.; Stansby, B.; Tingay, S.; Wayth, R.] ICRAR Curtin Inst Radio Astron, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
[Bailes, M.; van Straten, W.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Bhat, N. D. R.; Bower, G. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bhat, N. D. R.; Bower, G. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bunton, J. D.; Johnston, S.; Keith, M.; Phillips, C.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
[Chatterjee, S.; Murphy, T.] Univ Sydney, SIfA, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Chatterjee, S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[D'Addario, L.; Jones, D. L.; Majid, W.; Navarro, R.; Preston, R. A.; Thompson, D.; Wagstaff, K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Deller, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Dodson, R.; Haines, K.; Harris, C.; Quinn, P.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Wen, L.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Fender, R.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Fender, R.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Lazio, T. J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Stairs, I.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Stappers, B.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Warren, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Astrophys, Los Alamos, NM 87543 USA.
RP Macquart, JP (reprint author), ICRAR Curtin Inst Radio Astron, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
EM j.macquart@curtin.edu.au
RI Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; Bunton, John/A-4944-2008; Wayth,
Randall/B-2444-2013; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; Colegate,
Tim/B-5286-2013; Macquart, Jean-Pierre/B-5306-2013; Tingay,
Steven/B-5271-2013; Bhat, Ramesh/B-7396-2013; Hall, Peter/B-8784-2013;
Koay, Jun Yi /E-4952-2015;
OI Murphy, Tara/0000-0002-2686-438X; Staveley-Smith,
Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Koay,
Jun Yi /0000-0002-7029-6658; Harris, Christopher/0000-0001-5237-2250;
Warren, Michael/0000-0002-1218-7904; Deller, Adam/0000-0001-9434-3837;
van Straten, Willem/0000-0003-2519-7375
FU National Aeronautics and Aerospace Administration
FX This work was partly done at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics
and Aerospace Administration.
NR 32
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 3
BP 272
EP 282
DI 10.1071/AS09082
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 649TV
UT WOS:000281797700007
ER
PT J
AU Guyon, O
Pluzhnik, E
Martinache, F
Totems, J
Tanaka, S
Matsuo, T
Blain, C
Belikov, R
AF Guyon, Olivier
Pluzhnik, Eugene
Martinache, Frantz
Totems, Julien
Tanaka, Shinichiro
Matsuo, Taro
Blain, Celia
Belikov, Ruslan
TI High-Contrast Imaging and Wavefront Control with a PIAA Coronagraph:
Laboratory System Validation
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED AMPLITUDE APODIZATION; PLANET; CORONOGRAPH; PERFORMANCE; LIMITS
AB The Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization (PIAA) coronagraph is a high-performance coronagraph concept able to work at small angular separation with little loss in throughput. We present results obtained with a laboratory PIAA system including active wavefront control. The system has a 94.3% throughput (excluding coating losses) and operates in air with monochromatic light. Our testbed achieved a 2.27 x 10(-7) raw contrast between 1.65 lambda/D (inner working angle of the coronagraph configuration tested) and 4.4 lambda/D (outer working angle). Through careful calibration, we were able to separate this residual light into a dynamic coherent component (turbulence, vibrations) at 4.5 x 10(-8) contrast and a static incoherent component (ghosts and/or polarization mismatch) at 1.6 x 10(-7) contrast. Pointing errors are controlled at the 10(-3)lambda/D level using a dedicated low-order wavefront sensor. While not sufficient for direct imaging of Earthlike planets from space, the 2.27 x 10(-7) raw contrast achieved already exceeds requirements for a ground-based extreme adaptive optics system aimed at direct detection of more massive exoplanets. We show that over a 4 hr period, averaged wavefront errors have been controlled to the 3.5 x 10(-9) contrast level. This result is particularly encouraging for ground-based extreme-AO systems relying on long-term stability and absence of static wavefront errors to recover planets much fainter than the fast boiling speckle halo.
C1 [Guyon, Olivier; Martinache, Frantz; Totems, Julien; Tanaka, Shinichiro] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Guyon, Olivier] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Pluzhnik, Eugene; Belikov, Ruslan] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA.
[Matsuo, Taro] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Blain, Celia] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
RP Guyon, O (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM guyon@naoj.org
NR 16
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 887
BP 71
EP 84
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 536VS
UT WOS:000273072600009
ER
PT J
AU Peters, RD
Lay, OP
Lawson, PR
AF Peters, Robert D.
Lay, Oliver P.
Lawson, Peter R.
TI Mid-Infrared Adaptive Nulling for the Detection of Earthlike Exoplanets
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS; DEFORMABLE MIRROR; SEARCH;
INTERFEROMETERS; FIBERS; PHASE; LIFE
AB Evidence of the habitability of nearby exoplanets could be found with future space missions using the technique of nulling interferometry. A nulling interferometer selectively suppresses the glare of starlight while allowing the light from planets to be detected. Here we report the first demonstrations of broadband mid-infrared nulling at the level required to enable such a space mission. In three separate 6 hr measurements, mid-infrared nulls were demonstrated at a mean level less than 1.0 x 10(-5) using a 34% bandwidth centered at a wavelength of 10 mu m. This was accomplished by "adaptive nulling," in which a deformable mirror is tuned to minimize wavelength-dependent phase and intensity differences in the interferometer.
C1 [Peters, Robert D.; Lay, Oliver P.; Lawson, Peter R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Peters, RD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge help and support from Lars Chapsky,
Robert Gappinger, Alexander Ksendzov, and Stefan Martin. This research
was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 887
BP 85
EP 92
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 536VS
UT WOS:000273072600010
ER
PT S
AU Amzajerdian, F
Vanek, M
Petway, L
Pierrottet, D
Busch, G
Bulyshev, A
AF Amzajerdian, Farzin
Vanek, Michael
Petway, Larry
Pierrottet, Diego
Busch, George
Bulyshev, Alexander
BE Razeghi, M
Sudharasanan, R
Brown, GJ
TI Utilization of 3-D Imaging Flash Lidar Technology for Autonomous Safe
Landing on Planetary Bodies
SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VII
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Flash Lidar; Ladar; 3-D Imaging; Laser Radar; Laser Remote Sensing;
Landing Sensor
AB NASA considers Flash Lidar a critical technology for enabling autonomous safe landing of future large robotic and crewed vehicles on the surface of the Moon and Mars. Flash Lidar can generate 3-Dimensional images of the terrain to identify hazardous features such as craters, rocks, and steep slopes during the final stages of descent and landing. The onboard flight comptuer can use the 3-D map of terain to guide the vehicle to a safe site.
The capabilities of Flash Lidar technology were evaluated through a series of static tests using a calibrated target and through dynamic tests aboard a helicopter and a fixed wing airctarft. The aircraft flight tests were perfomed over Moon-like terrain in the California and Nevada deserts. This paper briefly describes the Flash Lidar static and aircraft flight test results. These test results are analyzed against the landing application requirements to identify the areas of technology improvement. The ongoing technology advancement activities are then explained and their goals are described.
C1 [Amzajerdian, Farzin; Vanek, Michael; Petway, Larry] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Amzajerdian, F (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM f.amzajerdian@nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8004-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7608
AR 760828
DI 10.1117/12.843324
PG 11
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Science &
Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BRR35
UT WOS:000283489000073
ER
PT S
AU Krainak, MA
Yu, AW
Yang, GN
Li, SX
Sun, XL
AF Krainak, Michael A.
Yu, Anthony W.
Yang, Guangning
Li, Steven X.
Sun, Xiaoli
BE Razeghi, M
Sudharasanan, R
Brown, GJ
TI Photon-counting detectors for space-based laser receivers
SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VII
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Photon-counting; detectors; satellite; lasers; avalanche-photodiodes;
photomultipliers; optical communication; entanglement
ID HYBRID PHOTOMULTIPLIER; TIME; INEQUALITY; VIOLATION
AB Photon-counting detectors are required for numerous NASA future space-based laser receivers including science instruments and free-space optical communication terminals. Silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) single photon counting modules (SPCMs) are used in the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) on Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) launched in 2003, currently in orbit measuring the Earth surface elevation and atmosphere backscattering. To measure cloud and aerosol backscattering, the SPCMs detect the GLAS laser light at 532-nm wavelength, with quantum efficiencies of 60 to 70% and maximum count rates greater than 13 million per second. The performance of the SPCMs has been monitored since ICESat launch on January 12, 2003. There has been no measurable change in the quantum efficiency, linearity or after-pulsing. The detector dark counts rates monitored while the spacecraft was in the dark side of the Earth have increased linearly at about 60 counts/s per day due to space radiation damage. As the ICESat mission nears completion, we have proposed ground-to-space optical and quantum communication experiments to utilize the on-orbit 1-meter optical receiver telescope with multiple SPCMs in the focal plane. NASA is preparing a follow-on mission to ICESat, called ICESat-2, with a launch date of late 2014. The major candidate photon-counting detectors under evaluation for ICESat-2 include 532 nm and 1064 nm wavelength-sensitive photomultiplier tubes and Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays. Key specifications are high maximum count rate, detection efficiency, photon number resolution, radiation tolerance, power consumption, operating temperature and reliability. Future NASA science instruments and free-space laser communication terminals share a number of these requirements.
C1 [Krainak, Michael A.; Yu, Anthony W.; Yang, Guangning; Li, Steven X.; Sun, Xiaoli] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Krainak, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 554-694, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Sun, Xiaoli/B-5120-2013
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8004-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7608
AR 760827
DI 10.1117/12.846983
PG 9
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Optics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Science &
Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BRR35
UT WOS:000283489000072
ER
PT J
AU Woolnough, SJ
Blossey, PN
Xu, KM
Bechtold, P
Chaboureau, JP
Hosomi, T
Iacobellis, SF
Luo, Y
Petch, JC
Wong, RY
Xie, S
AF Woolnough, S. J.
Blossey, P. N.
Xu, K. -M.
Bechtold, P.
Chaboureau, J. -P.
Hosomi, T.
Iacobellis, S. F.
Luo, Y.
Petch, J. C.
Wong, R. Y.
Xie, S.
TI Modelling convective processes during the suppressed phase of a
Madden-Julian oscillation: Comparing single-column models with
cloud-resolving models
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE GCSS; tropical convection; model intercomparison; cloud-resolving
modelling
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; CUMULUS ENSEMBLE
MODEL; PACIFIC WARM POOL; TOGA-COARE; PART I; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES;
CIRRUS CLOUDS; ACCURATE PARAMETERIZATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB The role of convective processes in moistening the atmosphere during suppressed periods of the suppressed phase of a Madden-Julian oscillation is investigated in cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations, and the impact of moistening on the subsequent evolution of convection is assessed as part of a Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Cloud System Study (GCSS) intercomparison project. The ability of single-column model (SCM) versions of a number of state-of-the-art climate and numerical weather prediction models to capture these convective processes is also evaluated. During the suppressed periods, the CRMs are found to simulate a maximum moistening around 3 km, which is associated with a predominance of shallow convection. All SCMs produce adequate amounts of shallow convection during the suppressed periods, comparable to that seen in CRMs, but the relatively drier SCMs have higher precipitation rates than the relatively wetter SCMs and CRMs. The relatively drier SCMs dry, rather than moisten, the lower troposphere below the melting level. During the transition periods, convective processes act to moisten the atmosphere above the level at which mean advection changes from moistening to drying, despite an overall drying effect for the column. The SCMs capture some essence of this moistening at upper levels. A gradual transition from shallow to deep convection is simulated by the CRMs and the wetter SCMs during the transition periods, but the onset of deep convection is delayed in the drier SCMs. This results in lower precipitation rates for these SCMs during the active periods, although much better agreement exists between the models at this time. Copyright (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Blossey, P. N.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Woolnough, S. J.] Univ Reading, Walker Inst, Reading, Berks, England.
[Xu, K. -M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Bechtold, P.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Chaboureau, J. -P.] Univ Toulouse, Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France.
[Chaboureau, J. -P.] CNRS, F-75700 Paris, France.
[Hosomi, T.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
[Iacobellis, S. F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Luo, Y.] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Petch, J. C.; Wong, R. Y.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Xie, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Blossey, PN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM pblossey@u.washington.edu
RI LUO, Yong/I-6132-2013; Xu, Kuan-Man/B-7557-2013; Xie,
Shaocheng/D-2207-2013
OI Xu, Kuan-Man/0000-0001-7851-2629; Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145
FU NERC's National Centre for Atmospheric Science [R8/H12/38/001]; NOAA's
[NA06OAR4310055, NA17RJ1231]
FX SPAT was supported by NERC's National Centre for Atmospheric Science,
Grant reference R8/H12/38/001. PNB was supported by grant NA06OAR4310055
from NOAA's CPPA program and thanks Marat Khairoutdinov for making SAM
available to him. KMX and YL were supported by NASA Modeling, Analysis
and Prediction Program managed by Dr Don Anderson. SFI was supported by
NOAA grant NA17RJ1231.
NR 84
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 647
BP 333
EP 353
DI 10.1002/qj.568
PN B
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 585EB
UT WOS:000276806000005
ER
PT J
AU Li, XW
Tao, WK
Matsui, T
Liu, CT
Masunaga, H
AF Li, Xiaowen
Tao, Wei-Kuo
Matsui, Toshihisa
Liu, Chuntao
Masunaga, Hirohiko
TI Improving a spectral bin microphysical scheme using TRMM satellite
observations
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud-resolving model; squall line; microphysics
ID CLOUD-RESOLVING MODEL; MIDLATITUDE SQUALL LINE; 10-11 JUNE 1985;
MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS; SNOW-SIZE SPECTRA; PART I; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION;
PRECIPITATION PARTICLES; DETAILED MICROPHYSICS; TROPICAL CONVECTION
AB TRMM-observed mature-stage squall lines during late spring and early summer in the central USA over a 9-year period are compiled and compared with a case simulation by the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model with a spectral bin microphysical scheme. During the quasi-steady state of the simulation, a forward radiative transfer model calculates TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) reflectivity and 85 GHz brightness temperatures from simulated particle size distributions. Comparisons between model and TRIVIM observations using radar Contoured Frequency with Altitude Diagrams (CFADs) and 85 GHz brightness temperature probability density distributions are performed, in addition to CFADs from a surface C-band radar for the same case. Radar CFADs comparisons reveal that the model overestimates sizes of snow/aggregates in the stratiform region.
Three sets of sensitivity tests are carried out in order to improve the simulated radar reflectivity profiles: increase of aggregates' density and terminal fall velocity; changing temperature dependency of collection efficiency between ice-phase particles, particularly those of the plate-type; and adding a break-up scheme for large aggregates. While all three approaches mitigate the discrepancies, changing collection efficiency produces the best match in magnitudes and characteristics of radar CFADs. In addition, interactions between ice- and water-phase particles also need to be adjusted in order to have good comparisons in both radar CFADs and 85 GHz brightness temperature distributions. This study shows that long-term satellite observations, especially those with multiple sensors, can be very useful in constraining model microphysics. Copyright (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Li, Xiaowen; Tao, Wei-Kuo; Matsui, Toshihisa] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Li, Xiaowen; Matsui, Toshihisa] Univ Maryland, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Liu, Chuntao] Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Masunaga, Hirohiko] Nagoya Univ, Hydrospher Atmospher Res Ctr, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
RP Li, XW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Code 613-1, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
EM xli@agnes.gsfc.nasa.gov
RI Masunaga, Hirohiko/C-2488-2008; PMM, JAXA/K-8537-2016
OI Masunaga, Hirohiko/0000-0002-6336-5002;
FU NASA headquarters; NASA TRMM Mission
FX The authors wish to thank A.P. Khain at the Hebrew University of
Jerusalem and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive and detailed
suggestions that led to substantial improvements in this manuscript. We
also thank R.C. Srivastava at the University of Chicago for his careful
editing. Lin Tian, Bob Meneghini, and Bill Olson at NASA/GSFC have
offered many of their insights on radar and microwave radiation
observations and theories. This research is mainly supported by NASA
headquarters and the NASA TRMM Mission. The authors are grateful to R.
Kadar at NASA headquarters for his support in this research.
Acknowledgement is also made to NASA GSFC for computer time used in this
research.
NR 95
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0035-9009
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 647
BP 382
EP 399
DI 10.1002/qj.569
PN B
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 585EB
UT WOS:000276806000008
ER
PT J
AU Masson-Delmotte, V
Stenni, B
Pol, K
Braconnot, P
Cattani, O
Falourd, S
Kageyama, M
Jouzel, J
Landais, A
Minster, B
Barnola, JM
Chappellaz, J
Krinner, G
Johnsen, S
Rothlisberger, R
Hansen, J
Mikolajewicz, U
Otto-Bliesner, B
AF Masson-Delmotte, V.
Stenni, B.
Pol, K.
Braconnot, P.
Cattani, O.
Falourd, S.
Kageyama, M.
Jouzel, J.
Landais, A.
Minster, B.
Barnola, J. M.
Chappellaz, J.
Krinner, G.
Johnsen, S.
Roethlisberger, R.
Hansen, J.
Mikolajewicz, U.
Otto-Bliesner, B.
TI EPICA Dome C record of glacial and interglacial intensities
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID PAST 800,000 YEARS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ORBITAL-SCALE CHANGES;
VOSTOK ICE CORE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; EAST ANTARCTICA;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE-CHANGES; TROPICAL PACIFIC
AB Climate models show strong links between Antarctic and global temperature both in future and in glacial climate simulations. Past Antarctic temperatures can be estimated from measurements of water stable isotopes along the EPICA Dome C ice core over the past 800 000 years. Here we focus on the reliability of the relative intensities of glacial and interglacial periods derived from the stable isotope profile. The consistency between stable isotope-derived temperature and other environmental and climatic proxies measured along the EDC ice core is analysed at the orbital scale and compared with estimates of global ice volume. MIS 2,12 and 16 appear as the strongest glacial maxima, while MIS 5.5 and 11 appear as the warmest interglacial maxima.
The links between EDC temperature, global temperature, local and global radiative forcings are analysed. We show: (i) a strong but changing link between EDC temperature and greenhouse gas global radiative forcing in the first and second part of the record; (ii) a large residual signature of obliquity in EDC temperature with a 5 ky lag; (iii) the exceptional character of temperature variations within interglacial periods.
Focusing on MIS 5.5, the warmest interglacial of EDC record, we show that orbitally forced coupled climate models only Simulate a precession-induced shift of the Antarctic seasonal cycle of temperature. While they do capture annually persistent Greenland warmth, models fail to capture the warming indicated by Antarctic ice core delta D. We suggest that the model-data mismatch may result from the lack of feedbacks between ice sheets and climate including both local Antarctic effects due to changes in ice sheet topography and global effects due to meltwater-thermohaline circulation interplays. An MIS 5.5 sensitivity study conducted with interactive Greenland melt indeed induces a slight Antarctic warming. We suggest that interglacial EDC optima are caused by transient heat transport redistribution comparable with glacial north-south seesaw abrupt climatic changes. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Masson-Delmotte, V.; Pol, K.; Braconnot, P.; Cattani, O.; Falourd, S.; Kageyama, M.; Jouzel, J.; Landais, A.; Minster, B.] CEA Saclay, CNRS, UVSQ,UMR 1572,IPSL, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Stenni, B.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Sci Geol Ambientali & Marina, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Barnola, J. M.; Chappellaz, J.; Krinner, G.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5183, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
[Johnsen, S.] Dept Geophys, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Roethlisberger, R.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Hansen, J.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Hansen, J.] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Mikolajewicz, U.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Otto-Bliesner, B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, CGD, CCR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Masson-Delmotte, V (reprint author), CEA Saclay, CNRS, UVSQ,UMR 1572,IPSL, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Bat 701, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
EM valerie.masson@cea.fr
RI KAGEYAMA, Masa/F-2389-2010; Chappellaz, Jerome/A-4872-2011; Krinner,
Gerhard/A-6450-2011; Masson-Delmotte, Valerie/G-1995-2011
OI POL, Katy/0000-0002-3467-3698; KAGEYAMA, Masa/0000-0003-0822-5880;
Krinner, Gerhard/0000-0002-2959-5920; Masson-Delmotte,
Valerie/0000-0001-8296-381X
FU EU (EPICA-MIS); ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche)
FX We thank J.R. Petit, G. Raisbeck and M. Werner, A. Timmermann and two
anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. This
work is a contribution to the European Project for Ice Coring in
Antarctica (EPICA), a joint European Science Foundation/European
Commission scientific programme, funded by the EU (EPICA-MIS) and by
national contributions from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy,
the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The
main logistic support was provided by IPEV and PNRA (at Dome C) and AWI
(at Dronning Maud Land). LSCE ice core work has been supported by ANR
(Agence Nationale de la Recherche) PICC and NEEM-France projects. We
acknowledge the modelling groups for providing their data for analysis,
the CMIP (Climate Model Intercomparison Project) and PMIP (Paleoclimate
Modelling Intercomparison Project) for collecting and archiving the
model data. This is EPICA publication 233 and LSCE publication 4017.
NR 95
TC 86
Z9 86
U1 8
U2 55
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 113
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.030
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 561EG
UT WOS:000274958000010
ER
PT J
AU Khazanov, G
Tel'nikhin, A
Krotov, A
AF Khazanov, G.
Tel'nikhin, A.
Krotov, A.
TI Stochastic ion heating by the lower-hybrid waves
SO RADIATION EFFECTS AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE plasma; ion-cyclotron heating; shocks; beat-wave accelerator
ID ACCELERATION
AB The resonance lower-hybrid wave-ion interaction is described by a group (differentiable map) of transformations of phase space of the system. All solutions to the map belong to a strange attractor, and chaotic motion of the attractor manifests itself in a number of macroscopic effects, such as the energy spectrum and particle heating. The applicability of the model to the problem of ion heating by waves at the front of collisionless shock as well as ion acceleration by a spectrum of waves is discussed.
C1 [Khazanov, G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Tel'nikhin, A.; Krotov, A.] Altai State Univ, Dept Phys, Barnaul 656099, Russia.
RP Khazanov, G (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM george.v.khazanov@nasa.gov
RI feggans, john/F-5370-2012
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1042-0150
J9 RADIAT EFF DEFECT S
JI Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids
PY 2010
VL 165
IS 2
BP 165
EP 176
DI 10.1080/10420150903516684
PG 12
WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 555RK
UT WOS:000274531500008
ER
PT B
AU Pelletier, MJ
Pelletier, CC
AF Pelletier, M. J.
Pelletier, C. C.
BE Sasic, S
Ozaki, Y
TI SPECTROSCOPIC THEORY FOR CHEMICAL IMAGING
SO RAMAN, INFRARED, AND NEAR-INFRARED CHEMICAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MOLAR ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; RAMAN-SCATTERING MICROSCOPY; ACCURATE
OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED INTENSITIES;
RESONANCE RAMAN; LIQUIDS; 25-DEGREES-C; CM(-1); SPECTRA
C1 [Pelletier, M. J.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Pelletier, C. C.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Gales Ferry, CT USA.
RP Pelletier, MJ (reprint author), Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
NR 60
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-76813-6; 978-0-470-38204-2
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 20
D2 10.1002/9780470768150
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA BA5JU
UT WOS:000336738800002
ER
PT S
AU Hirata, S
Fan, PD
Head-Gordon, M
Kamiya, M
Keceli, M
Lee, TJ
Shiozaki, T
Szczepanski, J
Vala, M
Valeev, EF
Yagi, K
AF Hirata, So
Fan, Peng-Dong
Head-Gordon, Martin
Kamiya, Muneaki
Keceli, Murat
Lee, Timothy J.
Shiozaki, Toru
Szczepanski, Jan
Vala, Martin
Valeev, Edward F.
Yagi, Kiyoshi
BE Chaudhuri, RK
Mekkaden, MV
Raveendran, AV
Narayanan, AS
TI Computational Interstellar Chemistry
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN SPECTROSCOPY: THEORETICAL, ASTROPHYSICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Recent Advances in Spectroscopy -
Theoretical, Astrophysical and Experimental Perspectives
CY JAN 28-31, 2009
CL Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory, Bangalore, INDIA
HO Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory
ID VIBRATIONAL-STATE CALCULATIONS; COUPLED-CLUSTER METHODS; BODY
PERTURBATION THEORIES; ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED-STATES; H2CO;
CATION; FIELD; ENERGIES; C6H6
AB Computational applications of electronic and vibrational many-body theories are increasingly indispensable in interpreting and, in some instances, predicting the spectra of gas-phase molecular species of importance in interstellar chemistry as well as in atmospheric and combustion chemistry. This chapter briefly reviews our methodological developments of electronic and vibrational many-body theories that are particularly useful for these gas-phase molecular problems. Their applications to anharmonic vibrational frequencies of triatomic and tetratomic interstellar molecules and to electronic absorption spectra of the radical ions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, are also discussed.
C1 [Hirata, So; Fan, Peng-Dong; Kamiya, Muneaki; Shiozaki, Toru; Szczepanski, Jan; Vala, Martin] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Hirata, So] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Fan, Peng-Dong] Pacific Northwestern Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 92717 USA.
[Kamiya, Muneaki] Gifu Univ, Fac Reg Stud, Gifu, Japan.
[Lee, Timothy J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA.
[Shiozaki, Toru; Yagi, Kiyoshi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Chem, Tokyo, Japan.
[Valeev, Edward F.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Yagi, Kiyoshi] Univ Yamanashi, Nanomat Res Ctr, Yamanashi, Japan.
RP Hirata, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM hirata@qtp.ufl.edu
RI Lee, Timothy/K-2838-2012
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-10321-6
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 21
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10322-3_3
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPU05
UT WOS:000279938400003
ER
PT B
AU Hsu, SY
Cheng, RB
AF Hsu, S. -Y.
Cheng, R. -B.
BE Binetruy, C
Boussu, F
TI Modeling Geometry and Progressive Failure of Material Interfaces in
Plain Weave Composites
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN TEXTILE COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Textile Composites (TEXCOMP 10)
CY OCT 26-28, 2010
CL Lille Grand Palais, Lille, FRANCE
HO Lille Grand Palais
C1 [Hsu, S. -Y.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Hsu, SY (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI LANCASTER
PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA
BN 978-1-60595-026-6
PY 2010
BP 12
EP 19
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Composites; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Materials Science
GA BVT33
UT WOS:000292709400002
ER
PT S
AU Turyshev, SG
AF Turyshev, Slava G.
BE Macias, A
Maceda, M
TI Solar-system tests of relativistic gravity
SO RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN GRAVITATION AND BEC'S PHENOMENOLOGY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics
CY JUL 19-23, 2010
CL Colegio Nacl, Mexico City, MEXICO
SP Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Colegio Nacl, CONACYT, DAAD, CINVESTAV IPN
HO Colegio Nacl
DE Tests of general theory of relativity; gravitational experiments in
space
ID INVERSE-SQUARE LAW; EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE; GENERAL-RELATIVITY;
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; UNIVERSE; ENERGY
AB A number of recent experiments have successfully tested general theory of relativity to a remarkable precision. Various experimental techniques were used for this purpose, including spacecraft tracking, planetary ranging, lunar laser ranging, dedicated gravity experiments in space and many ground-based efforts. We discuss the progress in the tests of relativistic gravity, present some proposed space-based experiments and elaborate on their contribution to fundamental physics.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Turyshev, SG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0873-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1318
BP 14
EP 25
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTG87
UT WOS:000286916400002
ER
PT S
AU Smart, MC
Ratnakumar, BV
Gozdz, AS
Mani, S
AF Smart, M. C.
Ratnakumar, B. V.
Gozdz, A. S.
Mani, S.
BE Winter, M
Doughty, DH
Zaghib, K
Abraham, KM
Ogumi, Z
Dudney, NJ
TI The Effect of Electrolyte Additives upon the Lithium Kinetics of Li-Ion
Cells Containing MCMB and LiNixCo1-xO2 Electrodes and Exposed to High
Temperatures
SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries Held During
the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery (BATT)
ID BATTERIES; LIPF6
AB With the intent of improving the performance of lithium-ion cells at high temperatures, we have investigated the use of a number of electrolyte additives in experimental MCMB-LixNiyCo1-yO2 cells, which were exposed to temperatures as high as 80 degrees C. In the present work, we have evaluated the use of a number of additives, namely vinylene carbonate (VC), dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), and mono-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), in an electrolyte solution anticipated to perform well at warm temperature (i.e., 1.0M LiPF6 in EC+EMC (50:50 v/v %). In addition, we have explored the use of novel electrolyte additives, namely lithium oxalate and lithium tetraborate. In addition to determining the capacity and power losses at various temperatures sustained as a result of high temperature cycling (cycling performed at 60 degrees and 80 degrees C), the three-electrode MCMB-LixNiyCo1-yO2 cells (lithium reference) enabled us to study the impact of high temperature storage upon the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film characteristics on carbon anodes (MCMB-based materials), metal oxide cathodes, and the subsequent impact upon electrode kinetics.
C1 [Smart, M. C.; Ratnakumar, B. V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Gozdz, A. S.] A123Systems Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.
[Mani, S.] A123 Syst Adv Res & Govt Solut Div, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Smart, MC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016
OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-810-7
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 36
BP 37
EP 48
DI 10.1149/1.3393838
PG 12
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA BDI59
UT WOS:000313480900005
ER
PT S
AU Ratnakumar, BV
Smart, MC
AF Ratnakumar, B. V.
Smart, M. C.
BE Winter, M
Doughty, DH
Zaghib, K
Abraham, KM
Ogumi, Z
Dudney, NJ
TI Lithium Plating Behavior in Lithium-ion Cells
SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries Held During
the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery
ID ELECTROLYTES; BATTERIES
AB A Li-ion cell does not contain metallic lithium under normal conditions of operation. Under strenuous charge conditions, however, metallic lithium may deposit on the carbon anode in preference to lithium intercalation and may cause problems in terms of performance, reliability and safety of the cell. Factors that affect the anode polarization and also Li intercalation kinetics play a crucial role in determining the propensity for such lithium deposition. Such factors include the nature of electrolyte, anode/cathode capacity ration, which have been studied with specific examples here. Further, various prototype cells from different manufacturers have been examined for their susceptibility towards lithium plating from a set of systematic charge/discharge tests at different charge rates and temperatures.
C1 [Ratnakumar, B. V.; Smart, M. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Ratnakumar, BV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016
OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178
NR 11
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 7
U2 34
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-810-7
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 36
BP 241
EP 252
DI 10.1149/1.3393860
PG 12
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA BDI59
UT WOS:000313480900025
ER
PT S
AU Smart, MC
Ratnakumar, BV
Whicanack, LD
Smith, KA
Santee, S
Puglia, FJ
Gitzendanner, R
AF Smart, M. C.
Ratnakumar, B. V.
Whicanack, L. D.
Smith, K. A.
Santee, S.
Puglia, F. J.
Gitzendanner, R.
BE Winter, M
Doughty, DH
Zaghib, K
Abraham, KM
Ogumi, Z
Dudney, NJ
TI Performance Demonstration of MCMB-LiNiCoO2 Cells Containing Electrolytes
Designed for Wide Operating Temperature Range
SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries Held During
the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery (BATT)
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
AB With the intent of improving the performance of Li-ion cells over a wide operating temperature range, we have investigated the use of co-solvents to improve the properties of electrolyte formulations. In the current study, we have focused upon evaluating promising electrolytes which have been incorporated into large capacity (7 Ah) prototype Li-ion cells, fabricated by Yardney Technical Products, Inc. The electrolytes selected for performance evaluation include the use of a number of esters as co-solvents, including methyl propionate (MP), ethyl propionate (EP), ethyl butyrate (EB), propyl butyrate (PB), and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl butyrate (TFEB). The performance of the prototype cells containing the ester-based electrolytes was compared with an extensive data base generated on cells containing previously developed all carbonate-based electrolytes. A number of performance tests were performed, including determining (i) the discharge rate capacity over a wide range of temperatures, (ii) the charge characteristics, (iii) the cycle life characteristics under various conditions, and (iv) the impedance characteristics.
C1 [Smart, M. C.; Ratnakumar, B. V.; Whicanack, L. D.; Smith, K. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Santee, S.; Puglia, F. J.; Gitzendanner, R.] Lithion Inc, Pawcatuck, CT 06379 USA.
[Santee, S.; Puglia, F. J.; Gitzendanner, R.] Yardney Tech Prod Inc, Pawcatuck, CT 06379 USA.
RP Smart, MC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016
OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-810-7
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 36
BP 273
EP 282
DI 10.1149/1.3393863
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA BDI59
UT WOS:000313480900028
ER
PT S
AU Ratnakumar, BV
Smart, MC
Whitcanack, LD
AF Ratnakumar, B. V.
Smart, M. C.
Whitcanack, L. D.
BE Winter, M
Doughty, DH
Zaghib, K
Abraham, KM
Ogumi, Z
Dudney, NJ
TI Storage Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Cells
SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries Held During
the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery
ID CALENDAR LIFE; BATTERIES; SIMULATION
AB Lithium ion cells have in general shown impressive cycle life, but their durability for applications requiring long calendar is not yet demonstrated. In this paper, we carried out systematic and detailed experimental study of the storageability of Li-ion cells. Specifically, we tested two aerospace chemistries, i.e., SAFT DD cells and Yardney prismatic 7 Ah cells, at six different temperatures and at 50% state of charge. Based on the nine-year old test data, an analysis has been made on the capacity degradation upon storage. The projected capacities from such analysis reveal that the cells can provide over 80% of their initial capacities after ten years, especially when stored at low temperatures, thus asserting the durability and viability of Li-ion batteries for long-life applications.
C1 [Ratnakumar, B. V.; Smart, M. C.; Whitcanack, L. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Ratnakumar, BV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016
OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-810-7
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 36
BP 297
EP 306
DI 10.1149/1.3393865
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA BDI59
UT WOS:000313480900030
ER
PT S
AU Folkner, WM
AF Folkner, W. M.
BE Klioner, SA
Seidelmann, PK
Soffel, MH
TI Relativistic aspects of the JPL planetary ephemeris
SO RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY: DYNAMICS, REFERENCE FRAMES, AND
DATA ANALYSIS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 261st Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009
CL Virginia Beach, VA
SP Int Astron Union, Natl Sci Fdn
DE ephemerides; relativity; gravitation
ID GENERAL-RELATIVITY; GRAVITY; MASSES
AB The orbits of the planets as represented by the JPL planetary ephemerides are now primarily determined by radio tracking of spacecraft. Analysis of the data and propagation of the orbits relies on an internally consistent set of equations of motion and propagation of radio signals including relativistic effects at the centimeter level. The planetary ephemeris data set, can be used to test some aspects of the underlying theory such as estimates of PPN parameters gamma and beta, time variation in the gravitational constant G, rotation of the solar system relative to distant objects (Mach's principle), and place stringent limits on the possible violation of the inverse-square law.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91009 USA.
RP Folkner, WM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91009 USA.
EM william.m.folkner@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76481-0
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 261
BP 155
EP 158
DI 10.1017/S1743921309990329
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB48
UT WOS:000280569700026
ER
PT S
AU Anderson, JD
Nieto, MM
AF Anderson, John D.
Nieto, Michael Martin
BE Klioner, SA
Seidelmann, PK
Soffel, MH
TI Astrometric solar-system anomalies
SO RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY: DYNAMICS, REFERENCE FRAMES, AND
DATA ANALYSIS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 261st Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009
CL Virginia Beach, VA
SP Int Astron Union, Natl Sci Fdn
DE gravitation; celestial mechanics; astrometry
AB There are at least four unexplained anomalies connected with astrometric data. Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that when a spacecraft on a flyby trajectory approaches the Earth within 2000 km or less, it often experiences a change in total orbital energy per unit mass. Next, a secular change in the astronomical unit AU is definitely a concern. It is reportedly increasing by about 15 cm yr(-1). The other two anomalies are perhaps less disturbing because of known sources of nongravitational acceleration. The first is an apparent slowing of the two Pioneer spacecraft as they exit the solar system in opposite directions. Sonic astronomers and physicists, including us, are convinced this effect is of concern, but many others are convinced it is produced by a nearly identical thermal emission from both spacecraft, in a direction away from the Sun, thereby producing acceleration toward the Sun. The fourth anomaly is a measured increase in the eccentricity of the Moon's orbit. Here again, an increase is expected from tidal friction in both the Earth and Moon. However, there is a reported unexplained increase that is significant at the three-sigma level. It is prudent to suspect that all four anomalies have mundane explanations, or that one or more anomalies are a. result of systematic error. Yet they might eventually be explained by new physics. For example, a slightly modified theory of gravitation is not ruled out, perhaps analogous to Einstein's 1916 explanation for the excess precession of Mercury's perihelion.
C1 [Anderson, John D.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM jdandy@earthlink.net; mmn@lanl.gov
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76481-0
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 261
BP 189
EP 197
DI 10.1017/S1743921309990378
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB48
UT WOS:000280569700031
ER
PT S
AU Turyshev, SG
AF Turyshev, Slava G.
BE Klioner, SA
Seidelmann, PK
Soffel, MH
TI Tests of relativistic gravity from space
SO RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY: DYNAMICS, REFERENCE FRAMES, AND
DATA ANALYSIS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 261st Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009
CL Virginia Beach, VA
SP Int Astron Union, Natl Sci Fdn
DE General relativity; modified gravity; scalar-tensor theories;
space-based experiments
ID GENERAL-RELATIVITY
AB Recent experiments have successfully tested Einstein's general theory of relativity to remarkable precision. We discuss recent progress in the tests of relativistic gravity in the solar system and present motivations for the new generation of high-accuracy gravitational experiments. We especially focus on the concepts aiming to probe parameterized-post-Newtonian parameter gamma and evaluate the discovery potential of the recently proposed experiments.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Turyshev, SG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM turyshev@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76481-0
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 261
BP 204
EP 208
DI 10.1017/S1743921309990408
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB48
UT WOS:000280569700034
ER
PT S
AU Makarov, VV
AF Makarov, Valeri V.
BE Klioner, SA
Seidelmann, PK
Soffel, MH
TI Toward inertial reference frames with the SIM observatory
SO RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY: DYNAMICS, REFERENCE FRAMES, AND
DATA ANALYSIS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 261st Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009
CL Virginia Beach, VA
SP Int Astron Union, Natl Sci Fdn
DE astrometry; reference systems; gravitational waves; large-scale
structure of universe
ID GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; ASTROMETRY; UNIVERSE; ROTATION; SPACE
AB The SIM Lite Observatory is expected to provide a global astrometric reference frame surpassing the 1-mu as accuracy threshold in some spherical harmonics. A range of time-varying physical distortions of the reference frame will become observable as large-scale perturbations of the proper motion field. I consider the main sources of the apparent and physical motion of reference objects, such as the aberration of light caused by the acceleration of SIM, long gravitational waves and hypothetical rotation of the Universe, and present some estimates of the astrometric sensitivity to these effects. I argue that a global solution and covariance analysis is of crucial importance for the SIM mission to differentiate the inevitable accidental and systematic zonal errors from real physical phenomena.
C1 CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, NASA, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Makarov, VV (reprint author), CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, NASA, 770 S Wilson Ave,MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM vvm@caltech.edu
OI Makarov, Valeri/0000-0003-2336-7887
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76481-0
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 261
BP 345
EP 349
DI 10.1017/S1743921309990639
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB48
UT WOS:000280569700057
ER
PT S
AU Ramesham, R
AF Ramesham, Rajeshuni
BE Kullberg, RC
Ramesham, R
TI Reliability Assessment of Ceramic Column Grid Array (CCGA717)
Interconnect Packages under Extreme Temperatures For Space Applications
(-185 degrees C to+125 degrees C)(c)
SO RELIABILITY, PACKAGING, TESTING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MEMS/MOEMS AND
NANODEVICES IX
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Reliability, Packaging, Testing and Characterization of
MEMS/MOEMS and Nanodevices IX
CY JAN 25-26, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Extreme temperatures; CCGA qualification; CCGA reliability; Weibull
analysis; shape parameters; solder joint failures; etc.
AB Ceramic Column Grid Array packages have been increasing in use based on their advantages such as high interconnect density, very good thermal and electrical performance, compatibility with standard surface-mount packaging assembly processes, etc. CCGA packages are used in space applications such as in logics and microprocessor functions, telecommunications, flight avionics, payload electronics, etc. As these packages tend to have less solder joint strain relief than leaded packages, the reliability of CCGA packages is very important for short and long-term space missions.
CCGA interconnect electronic package printed wiring boards (PWBs) of polyimide have been assembled, inspected non-destructively and subsequently subjected to extreme temperature thermal cycling to assess the reliability for future deep space, short and long-term, extreme temperature missions. In this investigation, the employed temperature range covers from 185 degrees C to +125 degrees C extreme thermal environments. The test hardware consists of two CCGA717 packages with each package divided into four daisy-chained sections, for a total of eight daisy chains to be monitored. The CCGA717 package is 33 mm x 33 mm with a 27x27 array of 80%/20% Pb/Sn columns on a 1.27 mm pitch. The resistance of daisy-chained, CCGA interconnects were continuously monitored as a function of thermal cycling. Electrical resistance measurements as a function of thermal cycling are reported and the tests to date have shown significant change in daisy chain resistance as a function of thermal cycling. The change in interconnect resistance becomes more noticeable with increasing number of thermal cycles. This paper will describe the experimental test results of CCGA testing under wide extreme temperatures. Standard Weibull analysis tools were used to extract the Weibull parameters to understand the CCGA failures. Optical inspection results clearly indicate that the solder joints of columns with the board and the ceramic package have failed as a function of thermal cycling. The first failure was observed at 137(th) thermal cycle and 63.2% failures of daisy chains have occurred at about 664 thermal cycles. The shape parameter extracted from Weibull plot was about 1.47 which indicates the failures were related to failures occurred during the flat region or useful life region of standard bath tub curve. Based on this experimental test data one can use the CCGAs for the temperature range studied for similar to 100 thermal cycles (Delta T = 310 degrees C, 5 degrees C/minute, and 15 minutes dwell) with high degree of confidence for high reliability space and other applications. (C) 2009 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Off Safety & Mission Success, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Ramesham, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Off Safety & Mission Success, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,303-217C, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Rajeshuni.Ramesham@jpl.nasa.gov; Rajeshuni.Ramesham@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7988-4
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7592
AR 75920F
DI 10.1117/12.844998
PG 16
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Characterization &
Testing; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics
GA BRW60
UT WOS:000283797400014
ER
PT S
AU Haddad, ZS
Park, KW
AF Haddad, Ziad S.
Park, Kyung-Won
BE Krishnamurti, TN
Kim, J
Moriyama, T
TI Instantaneous vertical profiling of precipitation using passive
microwave radiometers
SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF THE ATMOSPHERE, OCEANS, AND INTERACTIONS
III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Atmosphere, Oceans, and
Interactions III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
ID COMBINED RADAR; RETRIEVALS; ALGORITHM
AB Several methods have been proposed to train microwave radiometers to retrieve precipitation rates estimated by a radar which observed the same location at the same time. These radar-trained passive-microwave algorithms differ in the quantities that are estimated: some estimate the vertically-integrated liquid water, while others estimate the near-surface precipitation. Since it is no more or less credible to estimate the rain rate at the surface than it is to estimate the rain rate at any discrete altitude, it is particularly interesting to quantify the accuracy with which vertical profiles of precipitation can be estimated from a passive microwave radiometer, what the obstacles are, and what vertical resolution would be achievable. To that end, we conducted several studies to 1) establish that the main impediment to the vertical profiling is the unknown signature of the sea surface in the non-precipitating portions of the field of view, and 2) use surface-insensitive principal components of the brightness temperatures to retrieve the vertical principal components of the precipitation. We report on the results of our studies in the case of mid-latitudes regions, in the case of the Atlantic Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone during May 2009 where we produced unique estimates that quantify the vertical structure of the convection in which flight AF447 disappeared, and in the case of polar precipitation where the dearth of instruments and the radiometrically cold frozen surface present additional challenges.
C1 [Haddad, Ziad S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Haddad, ZS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8386-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7856
AR 785605
DI 10.1117/12.866075
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO92
UT WOS:000287660100002
ER
PT S
AU Li, H
Liu, X
Yang, P
Kratz, DP
AF Li, Hui
Liu, Xu
Yang, Ping
Kratz, David P.
BE Krishnamurti, TN
Kim, J
Moriyama, T
TI A principal component-based radiative transfer forward model (PCRTM) for
vertically inhomogeneous cloud
SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF THE ATMOSPHERE, OCEANS, AND INTERACTIONS
III
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Atmosphere, Oceans, and
Interactions III
CY OCT 13-14, 2010
CL Incheon, SOUTH KOREA
SP SPIE, Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Korea Ocean satellite Ctr, Incheon Tourism Org, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Sci Technol Corp, Indian Space Res Org, Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv
DE Infrared radiative transfer; Cloud; Remote sensing; principal component
analysis
ID SATELLITE; SENSORS; SYSTEMS
AB A principal-component based radiative transfer model (PCRTM) is developed for simulating the infrared spectral radiance at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The PCRTM approach removes the redundancy in radiative transfer calculation in high-resolution infrared spectra, and saves significant amount of computational time with great accuracy. In PCRTM, both ice and water clouds are treated as effective transmissivity and reflectivity stored in a pre-calculated lookup tables. These quantities are calculated using cloud single scattering properties such as cloud optical depth, cloud particle size, cloud phase, etc. The cloud can be inserted into any pressure layer in the PCRTM model (up to 100 layers). The effective temperature of each cloud layer is treated as a function of its optical depth. To test the accuracy of this approximation, the results are compared with the more rigorous DISORT model, which treats cloud as plane parallel layers. The root-mean-square error of PCRTM, with respect to DISORT results, is generally less than 0.4 K in brightness temperature. However, the CPU time required by PCRTM was at least two orders of magnitude less than that required by DISORT.
C1 [Li, Hui; Liu, Xu; Kratz, David P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
RP Liu, X (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
EM xu.liu-1@nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8386-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7856
AR 785606
DI 10.1117/12.869575
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTO92
UT WOS:000287660100003
ER
PT S
AU Basilio, RR
Livermore, TR
Shen, YJ
Pollock, HR
AF Basilio, Ralph R.
Livermore, Thomas R.
Shen, Y. Janet
Pollock, H. Randy
BE Picard, RH
Schafer, K
Comeron, A
TI The quest for an OCO (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) re-flight
SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XV
CY SEP 21-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE atmospheric; carbon; carbon dioxide; OCO (Orbiting Carbon Observatory);
re-flight
AB The objective of the OCO (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) mission was to make the first space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the accuracy needed to quantify sources and sinks of this important greenhouse gas. Unfortunately, the observatory was lost as a result of a launch vehicle failure on 24 February 2009. The JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) was directed to assess the options for the re-flight of the OCO instrument and recovery of the carbon-related measurement, and to understand and quantitatively assess the cost, schedule, and technical and programmatic risks of the identified options. The two most likely solutions were (1) a shared platform with the TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) instrument and (2) a dedicated OSC (Orbital Sciences Corporation) LEOStar-2 spacecraft bus similar to that utilized for the original OCO mission. A joint OCO-TIRS mission study was commissioned and two specific options were examined. However, each presented technical challenges that would drive cost. It was determined that the best option was to rebuild the OCO observatory to the extent possible including another LEOStar-2 spacecraft bus. This lowest risk approach leverages the original OCO design and provides the shortest path to launch, which is targeted for no later than the February 2010 timeframe.
C1 [Basilio, Ralph R.; Livermore, Thomas R.; Shen, Y. Janet; Pollock, H. Randy] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Basilio, RR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Ralph.R.Basilio@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8344-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7827
AR 78270A
DI 10.1117/12.867042
PG 9
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ26
UT WOS:000287757200008
ER
PT S
AU Pagano, TS
Chahine, MT
Fetzer, EJ
AF Pagano, Thomas S.
Chahine, Moustafa T.
Fetzer, Eric J.
BE Picard, RH
Schafer, K
Comeron, A
TI The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the NASA Aqua Spacecraft: a
general remote sensing tool for understanding atmospheric structure,
dynamics and composition
SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XV
CY SEP 21-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Atmosphere; Sounding; AIRS; Aqua; Weather; Climate; Temperature; Water
Vapor
ID ASSIMILATION; CALIPSO
AB The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched on May 4, 2002. Early in the mission, the AIRS instrument demonstrated its value to the weather forecasting community with better than 6 hours of improvement on the 5 day forecast. Now with over eight years of consistent and stable data from AIRS, scientists are able to examine processes governing weather and climate and look at seasonal and interannual trends from the AIRS data with high statistical confidence. Naturally, long-term climate trends require a longer data set, but indications are that the Aqua spacecraft and the AIRS instrument should last beyond 2018. This paper briefly describes the AIRS data products and presents some of the most significant findings involving the use of AIRS data in the areas of weather forecast improvement, climate processes and model validation, cloud and polar processes, and atmospheric composition (chemistry and dust).
C1 [Pagano, Thomas S.; Chahine, Moustafa T.; Fetzer, Eric J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Pagano, TS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM thomas.s.pagano@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8344-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7827
AR 78270B
DI 10.1117/12.865335
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ26
UT WOS:000287757200009
ER
PT S
AU Rault, DF
Spurr, R
AF Rault, Didier F.
Spurr, Robert
BE Picard, RH
Schafer, K
Comeron, A
TI The OMPS Limb Profiler instrument Two-Dimensional retrieval algorithm
SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XV
CY SEP 21-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Remote sensing; limb scatter; atmospheric ozone vertical distribution
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER CODE; SCATTER MEASUREMENTS; STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL;
O-3 PROFILES; MODEL
AB An alternative algorithm is being developed to retrieve ozone vertical distribution information from the OMPS/LP sensor which will be manifested on the upcoming NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) platform in late 2011. In contrast to most limb sensors retrieval methods, the proposed algorithm will forgo the spherical symmetry assumption for the atmospheric structure, and will attempt to simultaneously retrieve the ozone distribution in both the vertical and the along-track directions. The paper describes the two-dimensional forward model as well as the methods which have been developed to simultaneously retrieve a whole orbit of data. Sample retrieval results are shown to illustrate the technique.
C1 [Rault, Didier F.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Rault, DF (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8344-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7827
AR 78270P
DI 10.1117/12.864799
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ26
UT WOS:000287757200020
ER
PT B
AU Stefanov, WL
Netzband, M
AF Stefanov, William L.
Netzband, Maik
BE Rashed, T
Jurgens, C
TI Characterization and Monitoring of Urban/Peri-urban Ecological Function
and Landscape Structure Using Satellite Data
SO REMOTE SENSING OF URBAN AND SUBURBAN AREAS
SE Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; METROPOLITAN-AREA;
VEGETATION; PHOENIX; IMAGERY; ALGORITHMS; MULTIPLE; PRODUCTS; METRICS
AB This chapter utilizes a case study from Phoenix, Arizona to examine the relationships between ecological variables and landscape structure in cities. The relationships are assessed using ASTER and MODIS data; and through the techniques of expert system land cover classification and grid-based landscape metric analysis.
C1 [Stefanov, William L.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Image Sci & Anal Lab ESCG, Code KX, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Netzband, Maik] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Dept Geog, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
RP Stefanov, WL (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Image Sci & Anal Lab ESCG, Code KX, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM william.l.stefanov@nasa.gov; maik.netzband@rub.de
NR 93
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4020-4371-0
J9 REMOTE SENS DIGIT IM
PY 2010
VL 10
BP 219
EP 244
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-4385-7_12
D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4385-7
PG 26
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA BPT48
UT WOS:000279870200012
ER
PT S
AU Broberg, SE
Pagano, TS
Aumann, HH
Elliott, DA
O'Callaghan, F
AF Broberg, Steven E.
Pagano, Thomas S.
Aumann, Hartmut H.
Elliott, Denis A.
O'Callaghan, Fred
BE Ardanuy, PE
Puschell, JJ
TI Systems Approach to Developing a Climate Data Record from Satellite
Observations
SO REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM ENGINEERING III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing System Engineering III
CY AUG 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Climate; data record; requirements; hyperspectral; sounder
AB A Climate Data Record (CDR) consists of a body of information of some observable of the Earth's climate that is of sufficient information content and accuracy to allow climate science to be performed with this record now and in the distant future. We examine the generation of a hyperspectral infrared CDR for the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument as good example. For the information to be accurate, extensive pre-flight and in-flight calibration and characterization is required for spatial, spectral, polarimetric and radiometric performance. Maintaining the accuracy in orbit requires either inherent stability, or the ability to stabilize the calibration using additional information such as an ocean buoy network, or ground calibration sites. In addition to having excellent data quality, documentation and archiving are also critical. Details of the instrument design and test procedures must be recorded. All data acquired during the preflight testing must be archived in a format and medium that will be accessible by computers several decades into the future. A Systems Engineering approach is used to define the requirements for the AIRS hyperspectral infrared climate data record, for performance, characterization, and documentation. Examples are given from the AIRS project activities on how the record can be created including a comprehensive drawing database, a document archive for all pre-flight and in-flight procedures and reports, software and data archiving, and instrument performance verification and validation for compliance with climate science requirements.
C1 [Broberg, Steven E.; Pagano, Thomas S.; Aumann, Hartmut H.; Elliott, Denis A.; O'Callaghan, Fred] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Broberg, SE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
EM steven.e.broberg@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-309-6
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7813
AR 78130C
DI 10.1117/12.862073
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BSU53
UT WOS:000285828600009
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI An Overview
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 28
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_1
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 28
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300001
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI Principles of Remote Sensing
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 29
EP 52
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_2
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 24
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300002
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI Visible and Circumvisible Regions and Image Interpretation
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID REFLECTANCE SPECTRA; OLIVINE; IRON; MIXTURES; ABUNDANCE; PYROXENES;
MINERALS
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 53
EP 113
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_3
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 61
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300003
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI Ray Region: X-rays, Alpha Particles, Gamma rays, Neutrons, UV
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LUNAR-SURFACE; SOLAR-SYSTEM; FUTURE MISSIONS; MOON; SPECTROMETER;
SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; RADIATION; SPECTRA; IRON
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 118
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 114
EP 177
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_4
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 64
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300004
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI Longvvave Region: Mid to Thermal Infrared, Microwave, and Radio
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LUNAR RADAR MAP; SURFACE; REFLECTANCE; TOPOGRAPHY; MERCURY; MARS; MOON;
WAVELENGTHS; EMISSION; SPECTRA
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 178
EP 252
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_5
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 75
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300005
ER
PT B
AU Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
AF Clark, Pamela Elizabeth
Rilee, Michael Lee
BA Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
BF Clark, PE
Rilee, ML
TI Processing Information and Data
SO REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR EXPLORATION: OBSERVING AND INTERPRETING THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SPACE
C1 [Clark, Pamela Elizabeth] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rilee, Michael Lee] Rilee Syst Technol LLC, Herndon, VA USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV; Mike@Rilee.net; Pamela.E.Clark@NASA.GOV;
Mike@Rilee.net
NR 107
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6829-6
PY 2010
BP 253
EP 322
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2_6
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6830-2
PG 70
WC Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied
SC Remote Sensing; Physics
GA BQA31
UT WOS:000280490300006
ER
PT J
AU Cramer, KE
Perey, DF
Yost, WT
AF Cramer, K. E.
Perey, D. F.
Yost, W. T.
TI A METHOD FOR THE VERIFICATION OF WIRE CRIMP COMPRESSION USING ULTRASONIC
INSPECTION
SO RESEARCH IN NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE electrical crimps; NDE; ultrasonic
ID FIBER-REINFORCED-PLASTICS; VOID CONTENT; ATTENUATION; COMPOSITES
AB The development of a new ultrasonic measurement technique to assess wire crimp terminations is discussed. The amplitude change of a compressional ultrasonic wave propagating at right angles to the wire axis and through the junction of a crimp termination is shown to correlate with the results of a destructive pull test. The case of incomplete compression of crimped connections is ultrasonically tested, and the results are correlated with pull tests. Results show that the ultrasonic measurement technique consistently predicts good crimps when the ultrasonic transmission is above a certain threshold amplitude level. A quantitative measure of the quality of the crimped connection based on the ultrasonic energy transmitted is shown to respond accurately to crimp quality. A wave propagation model, describes the compressional ultrasonic wave propagation through the junction during the crimping process. This model is in agreement within 6% of the ultrasonic measurements. A prototype instrument for applying this technique while wire crimps are installed is also presented. The instrument is based on a two-jaw type crimp tool suitable for butt-splice type connections. A comparison of the results of two different instruments is presented and shows reproducibility between instruments within a 95% confidence bound.
C1 [Cramer, K. E.; Perey, D. F.; Yost, W. T.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Cramer, KE (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 3B E Taylor St MS231, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM k.elliott.cramer@nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0934-9847
J9 RES NONDESTRUCT EVAL
JI Res. Nondestruct. Eval.
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 1
BP 18
EP 29
AR PII 918983735
DI 10.1080/09349840903154805
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 550YF
UT WOS:000274169900002
ER
PT J
AU Liao, K
Walker, MF
Joshi, AC
Reschke, M
Strupp, M
Wagner, J
Leigh, RJ
AF Liao, Ke
Walker, Mark F.
Joshi, Anand C.
Reschke, Millard
Strupp, Michael
Wagner, Judith
Leigh, R. John
TI The linear vestibulo-ocular reflex, locomotion and falls in neurological
disorders
SO RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Locomotion; moving platform; motional parallax; PSP; cerebellar ataxia
ID PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY; EYE-MOVEMENT RESPONSES; VIEWING
DISTANCE; OCULAR REFLEX; LISTINGS LAW; CEREBELLAR-ATAXIA; PRIMARY
POSITION; TARGET DISTANCE; HEAD MOTION; TRANSLATION
AB Purpose: During locomotion, head perturbations, consisting of rotations and translations (linear movements), occur with predominant frequencies of 0.5-5.0 Hz. The vestibular reflexes act at short latency to safeguard clear vision and stable posture during locomotion. Much is known about the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) in response to head rotations, which depend on the semicircular canals of the vestibular labyrinth. However, the means to test reliably the linear or translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (tVOR), which depends on the otolithic organs, has only become available more recently.
Methods: We used a moving platform to translate normal human subjects vertically at frequencies similar to those occurring during locomotion, under ambient illumination.
Results: Our findings suggested that, whereas aVOR is concerned with stabilizing images of visual targets on the retina to optimize visual acuity, tVOR seems best suited to minimize retinal image motion between objects lying in different depth planes, in order to optimize motion parallax information. We then asked whether the tVOR functioned abnormally in patients with two neurological disorders that often cause falls: progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and cerebellar ataxia. We found that patients with PSP cannot adjust tVOR responses appropriately during viewing of near objects, nor converge their eyes. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), an otolith-spinal reflex, are also impaired in PSP patients. Patients with cerebellar ataxia also lack the ability to adjust tVOR for near viewing, even though they may be able to converge.
Conclusions: Taken together, our studies suggest that abnormal otolithic vestibular reflexes contribute to postural instability in PSP and cerebellar ataxia, and deserve further investigation.
C1 [Walker, Mark F.; Leigh, R. John] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Neurol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Liao, Ke; Joshi, Anand C.; Leigh, R. John] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Daroff Dell Osso Lab, Cleveland, OH USA.
[Liao, Ke; Joshi, Anand C.; Leigh, R. John] Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Hosp, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Reschke, Millard] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Neurosci Labs, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Strupp, Michael; Wagner, Judith] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany.
RP Leigh, RJ (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Neurol, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
EM rjl4@case.edu
RI liao, ke/B-1453-2010
FU NIH [EY06717]; Office of Research and Development, Medical Research
Service, Department of Veterans Affairs [NASA/NSBRI NA00208]; Evenor
Armington Fund
FX Supported by NIH grant EY06717, the Office of Research and Development,
Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, NASA/NSBRI
NA00208, and the Evenor Armington Fund. We are grateful to Drs. David
Riley, Robert Friedland, Edward Westbrook, Michael Devereaux, Judah
Lindenberg, and Robert Tomsak for referring patients; and to Drs. Gary
Paige, Harold Bedell, David Zee, Stefano Ramat, Matthew Thurtell, Drs.
Louis Dell'Osso and John Stahl for helpful discussions.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0922-6028
J9 RESTOR NEUROL NEUROS
JI Restor. Neurol. Neurosci.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 1
BP 91
EP 103
DI 10.3233/RNN-2010-0507
PG 13
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 559AE
UT WOS:000274791300009
PM 20086286
ER
PT S
AU Winfree, WP
Howell, PA
Burke, ER
AF Winfree, William P.
Howell, Patricia A.
Burke, Eric R.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI SIMULATIONS OF THE THERMOGRAPHIC RESPONSE OF NEAR SURFACE FLAWS IN
REINFORCED CARBON-CARBON PANELS
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Thermography; Simulations; Composites
AB Thermographic inspection is a viable technique for detecting in-service damage in reinforced carbon-carbon (RCC) composites that are used for thermal protection in the leading edge of the shuttle orbiter. A thermographic technique for detection of near surface flaws in RCC composite structures is presented. A finite element model of the heat diffusion in structures with expected flaw configurations is in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
C1 [Winfree, William P.; Howell, Patricia A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Burke, Eric R.] Univ Space Alliance, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
RP Winfree, WP (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 443
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3362427
PG 2
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038500052
ER
PT S
AU DeHaven, SL
AF DeHaven, S. L.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI MICROSTRUCTURED OPTICAL FIBER FOR X-RAY DETECTION
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE X-ray Detector; Fiber Optic; Scintillator
AB A novel scintillating optical fiber is presented using a composite micro-structured quartz optical fiber. Scintillating materials are introduced into the multiple inclusions of the fiber. This creates a composite optical fiber having quartz as a cladding with an organic scintillating material core. X-ray detection using these fibers is compared to a collimated cadmium telluride (CdTe) detector over an energy range from 10 to 40 keV. Results show a good correlation between the fiber count rate trend and that of the CdTe detector.
C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP DeHaven, SL (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 541
EP 548
DI 10.1063/1.3362441
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038500065
ER
PT S
AU Roth, DJ
Tokars, RP
Martin, RE
Rauser, RW
Aldrin, JC
Schumacher, EJ
AF Roth, D. J.
Tokars, R. P.
Martin, R. E.
Rauser, R. W.
Aldrin, J. C.
Schumacher, E. J.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY INSPECTION EXPERIMENTS AND SIMULATIONS FOR AN
ISOGRID STRUCTURAL ELEMENT WITH CRACKS
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Nondestructive Evaluation; Computational Simulation; Ultrasonics;
Isogrid; Stiffener Element; Modeling; Phased Array
AB In this investigation, a T-shaped aluminum alloy isogrid stiffener element used in aerospace applications was inspected with ultrasonic phased array methods. The isogrid stiffener element had various crack configurations emanating from bolt holes. Computational simulation methods were used to mimic the experiments in order to help understand experimental results. The results of this study indicate that it is at least partly feasible to interrogate this type of geometry with the given flaw configurations using phased array ultrasonics. The simulation methods were critical in helping explain the experimental results and, with some limitation, can be used to predict inspection results.
C1 [Roth, D. J.; Tokars, R. P.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Martin, R. E.] Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Rauser, R. W.] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 23681 USA.
[Aldrin, J. C.] Comp Tools Ins, Gurnee 60031, IL USA.
[Schumacher, E. J.] Magsoft Corporat, Ballerup 12020, Denmark.
RP Roth, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
FU Magsoft Corporation
FX CIVA software is developed by the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
and is distributed and supported by Magsoft Corporation.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 910
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3362522
PG 2
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038500111
ER
PT S
AU Wu, MC
Winfree, WP
AF Wu, Meng-Chou
Winfree, William P.
BE Thompson, DO
Chimenti, DE
TI FIBER OPTIC THERMOGRAPHIC DETECTION OF FLAWS IN COMPOSITES
SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 29A
AND 29B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY JUL 26-31, 2009
CL Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI
HO Univ Rhode Isl
DE Fiber Bragg Grating; Temperature Sensor; Thermography; Composite;
Delamination
ID BRAGG GRATINGS; SENSORS; TEMPERATURE; FABRICATION; STRAIN
AB Optical fibers with multiple Bragg gratings bonded to surfaces of structures were used for thermographic detection of subsurface defects in structures. The investigated structures included a 10-ply composite specimen with subsurface delaminations of various sizes and depths. Both during and following the application of a thermal heat flux to the surface, the individual Bragg grating sensors measured the temporal and spatial temperature variations. The obtained data were analyzed with thermal modeling to reveal particular characteristics of the interested areas. These results were found to be consistent with the simulation results.
C1 [Wu, Meng-Chou; Winfree, William P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Wu, MC (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 231, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0748-0
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1211
BP 2015
EP 2022
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BQW91
UT WOS:000282038501117
ER
PT J
AU Notarnicola, C
Ventura, B
Casarano, D
Posa, F
Janssen, M
AF Notarnicola, Claudia
Ventura, Bartolomeo
Casarano, Domenico
Posa, Francesco
Janssen, Michael
TI Titan lakes: characterization of physical properties by combined
electromagnetic models of SAR and radiometric data
SO RIVISTA ITALIANA DI TELERILEVAMENTO
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Microwave Remote Sensing (TLRMW
CY OCT 23-24, 2008
CL Sapienza Univ Rome, Fac Engn, Rome, ITALY
SP ASI, CETEMPS Univ Aquila, ESA, IEEE Italy Sect, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing S Italy Chapter, Selex, Sistgemi Integrati S p A, Thales Alenia Space, URSI, Italy Commiss
HO Sapienza Univ Rome, Fac Engn
DE electromagnetic models; SAR; radiometric data; Cassini mission; Titan
ID CASSINI RADAR; SURFACE; DUNES
AB From the analysis derived from the SAR imagery acquired by the Cassini RADAR, Titan reveals a complex surface with dark and bright areas, periodic structures and dark lake-like features, Which resemble terrestrial lakes. The abundant methane In Titan's atmosphere combined with the low temperature, around 89 K, lead scientists to interpret them as lakes of liquid methane or ethane. This paper presents an electromagnetic model of liquid surfaces combined with an inversion algorithm in order to retrieve information on liquid Surface. The inferred Physical surface parameters are then used as input to a forward radiative transfer model to obtain simulated brightness temperatures. The observed and computed brightness temperatures are compared to address the consistency of the observations from these two different Cassini RADAR modes.
C1 [Notarnicola, Claudia] EURAC Inst Appl Remote Sensing, Bolzano, Italy.
[Notarnicola, Claudia; Ventura, Bartolomeo] Dipartimento Interateneo Fis, Bari, Italy.
[Casarano, Domenico] CNR, IRPI, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Posa, Francesco] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy.
[Janssen, Michael] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Notarnicola, C (reprint author), EURAC Inst Appl Remote Sensing, Viale Druso 1, Bolzano, Italy.
EM claudia.notarnicola@eurac.edu
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU ASSOC ITALIANA TELERILEVAMENTO
PI FIRENZE
PA UNIV DEGLI STUDI FIRENZE, DIPT SCI TERRA, VIA JACOPO NARDI, FIRENZE,
50132, ITALY
SN 1129-8596
J9 RIV ITAL TELERILEVAM
JI Riv. Ital. Telerilevamento
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 1
SI SI
BP 51
EP 68
PG 18
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 567ZX
UT WOS:000275491000006
ER
PT B
AU Freund, FT
Dahlgren, RP
Chu, JJ
AF Freund, F. T.
Dahlgren, R. P.
Chu, J. J.
BE Xie, F
TI Rock failure and the evolution of pre-failure signals
SO ROCK STRESS AND EARTHQUAKES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on In-Situ Rock Stress
CY AUG 25-27, 2010
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Soc Rock Mech, Inst Crustal Dynam China Earthquake Adm, Chinese Soc Rock Mech & Engn, Seismolog Soc China
ID ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; IGNEOUS ROCKS; FRACTURE
AB Earthquakes are massive rock failure events. Many large earthquakes are preceded by transient signals: electromagnetic, magnetic field variations, ionospheric perturbations, changes in soil conductivity, and other pre-earthquake (pre-EQ) signals. To the surprise of observers some of the pre-EQ signals tend to fade, even disappear, shortly before the seismic events. The discovery of stress-activated electric currents in rocks provides a possible explanation. Stresses activate mobile charge carriers in rocks, namely electron vacancy defects (EVD), also known as positive holes, symbolized by h*. The h* are equivalent to O(-) in a matrix of O(2-). They exist in unstressed rocks in an electrically inactive, dormant state. When activated the W flow down stress gradients, producing an electrical current. At very high stress rates dislocations begin to coalesce into microfractures, initiating catastrophic failure. They can no longer activate h* charge carriers. As a consequence, pre-rupture signals will decrease in magnitude.
C1 [Freund, F. T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Code SGE, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Freund, FT (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Code SGE, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-60165-8
PY 2010
BP 833
EP 837
PG 5
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum; Engineering, Mechanical;
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Engineering; Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA BVB64
UT WOS:000290973700137
ER
PT B
AU Freund, FT
Hoenig, SA
Braun, A
Dahlgren, RP
Momayez, M
Chu, JJ
AF Freund, F. T.
Hoenig, S. A.
Braun, A.
Dahlgren, R. P.
Momayez, M.
Chu, J. J.
BE Xie, F
TI Softening rocks with stress-activated electric current
SO ROCK STRESS AND EARTHQUAKES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on In-Situ Rock Stress
CY AUG 25-27, 2010
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Soc Rock Mech, Inst Crustal Dynam China Earthquake Adm, Chinese Soc Rock Mech & Engn, Seismolog Soc China
ID MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; CONDUCTIVITY; HOLES
AB When rocks are subjected to mechanical stress, dormant electronic defects become activated. This activation produces electron-hole pairs, which increase the electrical conductivity of rocks by releasing highly mobile defects electrons, equivalent to O- in a matrix of O2-, called positive holes and symbolized by h*. The h* charge carriers can spread from the stressed rock into surrounding unstressed rocks. Preventing the outflow of h* alters the mechanical properties of the rocks: they become softer and weaker. Ongoing studies point to a delocalization of the wave function associated with the h* charge carriers, which is far-reaching and affects many neighboring O2-. Although the number density of positive holes may be as low as 1 in 1000, essentially all O2- in the rock subvolume lose some of their electron density. This loss weakens the interatomic bonds between anions and cations, thus affecting the mechanical properties of rocks.
C1 [Freund, F. T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Code SGE, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Freund, FT (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Code SGE, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-60165-8
PY 2010
BP 839
EP 843
PG 5
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum; Engineering, Mechanical;
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Engineering; Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA BVB64
UT WOS:000290973700138
ER
PT S
AU Dwyer, MB
Purandare, R
Person, S
AF Dwyer, Matthew B.
Purandare, Rahul
Person, Suzette
BE Barringer, H
Falcone, Y
Finkbeiner, B
Havelund, K
Lee, I
Pace, G
Rosu, G
Sokolsky, O
Tillmann, N
TI Runtime Verification in Context: Can Optimizing Error Detection Improve
Fault Diagnosis?
SO RUNTIME VERIFICATION
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Runtime Verification
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL St Julians, MALTA
SP Int Federat Comp Logic, ARTIST Network Excellence Embedded Syst Design, Microsft Res, Univ Illinois
ID LOCALIZATION; RELIABILITY
AB Runtime verification has primarily been developed and evaluated as a means of enriching the software testing process. While many researchers have pointed to its potential applicability in online approaches to software fault tolerance, there has been a dearth of work exploring the details of how that might be accomplished.
In this paper, we describe how a component-oriented approach to software health management exposes the connections between program execution, error detection, fault diagnosis, and recovery. We identify both research challenges and opportunities in exploiting those connections. Specifically, we describe how recent approaches to reducing the overhead of runtime monitoring aimed at error detection might be adapted to reduce the overhead and improve the effectiveness of fault diagnosis.
C1 [Dwyer, Matthew B.; Purandare, Rahul] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Person, Suzette] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Dwyer, MB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM dwyer@cse.unl.edu; rpuranda@cse.unl.edu; suzette.person@nasa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [CCF-0747009, CCF-0915526]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AV20A]; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0129]
FX The ideas in this paper have been influenced over the course of many
wide-ranging conversations about dynamic analysis and monitor
optimization with our colleague Sebastian Elbaum. We also thank our
colleague Paul Miner for his helpful insights on software
fault-tolerance and software health management. Finally, we thank
Natasha Neogi who asked "What information is lost during monitor
optimization?" during a talk we gaveher question inspired us to think
more deeply about these issues. This work was supported in part by the
National Science Foundation through awards CCF-0747009 and CCF-0915526,
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant number
NNX08AV20A, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through
award FA9550-09-1-0129.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-16611-2
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6418
BP 36
EP +
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUI49
UT WOS:000289456400004
ER
PT S
AU Schumann, J
Srivastava, AN
Mengshoel, OJ
AF Schumann, Johann
Srivastava, Ashok N.
Mengshoel, Ole J.
BE Barringer, H
Falcone, Y
Finkbeiner, B
Havelund, K
Lee, I
Pace, G
Rosu, G
Sokolsky, O
Tillmann, N
TI Who Guards the Guardians? - Toward V&V of Health Management Software
SO RUNTIME VERIFICATION
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Runtime Verification
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL St Julians, MALTA
SP Int Federat Comp Logic, ARTIST Network Excellence Embedded Syst Design, Microsft Res, Univ Illinois
C1 [Schumann, Johann] SGT Inc, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Srivastava, Ashok N.] NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Mengshoel, Ole J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Schumann, J (reprint author), SGT Inc, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Johann.M.Schumann@nasa.gov; Ashok.N.Srivastava@nasa.gov;
Ole.J.Mengshoel@nasa.gov
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-16611-2
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6418
BP 399
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUI49
UT WOS:000289456400030
ER
PT S
AU Seyster, J
Dixit, K
Huang, XW
Grosu, R
Havelund, K
Smolka, SA
Stoller, SD
Zadok, E
AF Seyster, Justin
Dixit, Ketan
Huang, Xiaowan
Grosu, Radu
Havelund, Klaus
Smolka, Scott A.
Stoller, Scott D.
Zadok, Erez
BE Barringer, H
Falcone, Y
Finkbeiner, B
Havelund, K
Lee, I
Pace, G
Rosu, G
Sokolsky, O
Tillmann, N
TI Aspect-Oriented Instrumentation with GCC
SO RUNTIME VERIFICATION
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Runtime Verification
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL St Julians, MALTA
SP Int Federat Comp Logic, ARTIST Network Excellence Embedded Syst Design, Microsft Res, Univ Illinois
AB We present the INTERASPECT instrumentation framework for GCC, a widely used compiler infrastructure. The addition of plug-in support in the latest release of GCC makes it an attractive platform for runtime instrumentation, as GCC plug-ins can directly add instrumentation by transforming the compiler's intermediate representation. Such transformations, however, require expert knowledge of GCC internals. INTERASPECT addresses this situation by allowing instrumentation plug-ins to be developed using the familiar vocabulary of Aspect-Oriented Programming pointcuts, join points, and advice functions. INTERASPECT also supports powerful customized instrumentation, where specific information about each join point in a pointcut, as well as results of static analysis, can be used to customize the inserted instrumentation. We introduce the INTERASPECT API and present several examples that illustrate how it can be applied to useful runtime verification problems.
C1 [Seyster, Justin; Dixit, Ketan; Huang, Xiaowan; Grosu, Radu; Smolka, Scott A.; Stoller, Scott D.; Zadok, Erez] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
[Havelund, Klaus] California Inst Technol, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Seyster, J (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0481]; NSF [CCF-0926190, CCF-0613913, CNS-0831298];
ONR [N00014-07-1-0928, N00014-09-1-0651]
FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. Part of
the research described herein was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Research supported in
part by AFOSR Grant FA9550-09-1-0481, NSF Grants CCF-0926190,
CCF-0613913, and CNS-0831298, and ONR Grants N00014-07-1-0928 and
N00014-09-1-0651.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-16611-2
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6418
BP 405
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUI49
UT WOS:000289456400031
ER
PT B
AU Huffman, GJ
Adler, RF
Bolvin, DT
Nelkin, EJ
AF Huffman, George J.
Adler, Robert F.
Bolvin, David T.
Nelkin, Eric J.
BE Gebremichael, M
Hossain, F
TI The TRMM Multi-Satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA)
SO SATELLITE RAINFALL APPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Precipitation; Satellite; Remote sensing; TRMM; GPM
ID MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; PASSIVE MICROWAVE;
RESOLUTION; RAINFALL; PROJECT; CLOUD; VALIDATION; DATASET; SCALES
AB The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) is intended to provide a "best" estimate of quasi-global precipitation from the wide variety of modem satellite-borne precipitation-related sensors. Estimates are provided at relatively fine scales (0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees, 3-h) in both real and post-real time to accommodate a wide range of researchers. However, the errors inherent in the finest scale estimates are large. The most successful use of the TMPA data is when the analysis takes advantage of the fine-scale data to create time/space averages appropriate to the user's application. We review the conceptual basis for the TMPA, summarize the processing sequence, and focus on two new activities. First, a recent upgrade for the real-time version incorporates several additional satellite data sources and employs monthly climatological adjustments to approximate the bias characteristics of the research quality post-real-time product. Second, an upgrade for the research quality post-real-time TMPA from Versions 6 to 7 (in beta test at press time) is designed to provide a variety of improvements that increase the list of input data sets and correct several issues. Future enhancements for the TMPA will include improved error estimation, extension to higher latitudes, and a shift to a Lagrangian time interpolation scheme.
C1 [Huffman, George J.; Adler, Robert F.; Bolvin, David T.; Nelkin, Eric J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Adler, Robert F.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Huffman, George J.; Bolvin, David T.; Nelkin, Eric J.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20771 USA.
RP Huffman, GJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Code 613-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM george.j.huffman@nasa.gov; Robert.f.adler@nasa.gov;
david.t.bolvin@nasa.gov; eric.j.nelkin@nasa.gov
NR 31
TC 182
Z9 186
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-2914-0
PY 2010
BP 3
EP 22
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7_1
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7
PG 20
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA BMM12
UT WOS:000272785900001
ER
PT B
AU Turk, JT
Mostovoy, GV
Anantharaj, V
AF Turk, Joseph T.
Mostovoy, Georgy V.
Anantharaj, Valentine
BE Gebremichael, M
Hossain, F
TI The NRL-Blend High Resolution Precipitation Product and its Application
to Land Surface Hydrology
SO SATELLITE RAINFALL APPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Satellite; Microwave; Surface; Model; Hydrology; GPM
ID REAL-TIME; SYSTEM; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; VEGETATION; MODELS
AB In this chapter, we discuss the basic workings of the NRL-Blend high-resolution precipitation product, followed by a validation experiment. We employ satellite omissions to the existing (late 2008) constellation of low Earth orbiting satellite platforms to examine the impact of several proxy Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) satellite constellation configurations when used to initialize land Surface models (LSM). The emphasis is on how high resolution precipitation products such as the NRL-Blend are affected by such factors as sensor type (conical or across-track scanning) and nodal crossing time, using a collection of GPM proxy datasets gathered over the continental United States. We present results which examine how soil moisture states simulated by the two state-of-the-art land surface models are impacted when forced with the various precipitation datasets, each corresponding to a different proxy GPM constellation configuration.
C1 [Turk, Joseph T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Turk, Joseph T.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Mostovoy, Georgy V.; Anantharaj, Valentine] Mississippi State Univ, GeoResources Inst, Starkville, MS 39762 USA.
RP Turk, JT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Radar Sci & Engn 334, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM jturk@jpl.nasa.gov; mostovoi@gri.msstate.edu; val@ERC.MsState.Edu
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-2914-0
PY 2010
BP 85
EP 104
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7_6
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7
PG 20
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA BMM12
UT WOS:000272785900006
ER
PT B
AU Hong, Y
Adler, RF
Huffman, GJ
Pierce, H
AF Hong, Yang
Adler, Robert F.
Huffman, George J.
Pierce, Harold
BE Gebremichael, M
Hossain, F
TI Applications of TRMM-Based Multi-Satellite Precipitation Estimation for
Global Runoff Prediction: Prototyping a Global Flood Modeling System
SO SATELLITE RAINFALL APPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Flood; Satellite Precipitation; Global flood modeling; TRMM
ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; LAND-USE CHANGE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; PASSIVE
MICROWAVE; CURVE NUMBERS; ANALYSIS TMPA; SCALE; RAINFALL; BASIN; WATER
AB To offer a cost-effective solution to the ultimate challenge of building flood alert systems for the data-sparse regions of the world, this chapter describes a modular-structured Global Flood Monitoring (GFM) framework that incorporates satellite-based near real-time rainfall flux into a cost-effective hydrological model for flood modeling quasi-globally. This framework includes four major components: TRMM-based real-time precipitation, a global land surface database, a distributed hydrological model, and an open-access web interface. Retrospective simulations for 1998-2006 demonstrate that the GFM performs consistently at catchment levels. The interactive GFM website shows close-up maps of the flood risks overlaid on topography/population or integrated with the Google-Earth Visualization tool. One additional capability, which extends forecast lead-time by assimilating QPF into the GFM, also will be implemented in the future.
C1 [Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Huffman, George J.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20771 USA.
[Adler, Robert F.; Huffman, George J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Adler, Robert F.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pierce, Harold] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu; Robert.f.adler@nasa.gov; george.j.huffman@nasa.gov;
harold.f.pierce@nasa.gov
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
NR 64
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-90-481-2914-0
PY 2010
BP 245
EP 265
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7_15
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2915-7
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA BMM12
UT WOS:000272785900015
ER
PT J
AU Kharuk, VI
Im, ST
Dvinskaya, ML
Ranson, KJ
AF Kharuk, Vyacheslav I.
Im, Sergey T.
Dvinskaya, Maria L.
Ranson, Kenneth J.
TI Climate-induced mountain tree-line evolution in southern Siberia
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpine forest-tundra ecotone; tree-line response to climate change;
krummholz; Larix sibirica; Pinus sibirica
ID FOREST-TUNDRA ECOTONE; GLACIER-NATIONAL-PARK; SWEDISH SCANDES; EVERGREEN
CONIFERS; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; PERSPECTIVE; 20TH-CENTURY; VEGETATION;
RESPONSES; DYNAMICS
AB The elevational tree-line change within the transitional zone between boreal forest and Mongolian steppes was quantified for the last millennium. The basic approach included studies along transects and measurements of tree-line positions to identify current, historical, refugee and regeneration tree lines. Tree mortality and natality were determined based on dendrochronology analysis. Tree mortality in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries coincided with the Little Ice Age, while tree establishment was stimulated by warming at the end of nineteenth century. Downward shifts in tree line varied by an order of magnitude. The current tree-line position reoccupied the historical tree line in some transects, and was below or above the historical line in others. The regeneration line surpassed the historical tree line by 91 +/- 46 m (mean +/- SD). Such a heterogeneous response was attributed to local topoclimatic conditions and sapling recruitment efficiency. A mean annual 1 degrees C increase in temperature was associated with an upward shift of the tree line by about 70 m. The upward migration rate of the current tree line was about 0.8 m year-1 during the last century. The regeneration migration rate was about 2.3 m year-1 over the past three decades. Finally, the transformation of krummholz forms of larch and Siberian pine into arborescent form was documented.
C1 [Kharuk, Vyacheslav I.; Im, Sergey T.; Dvinskaya, Maria L.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
[Ranson, Kenneth J.] NASAs Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Kharuk, VI (reprint author), VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Acad Gorodok 50-28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
EM kharuk@ksc.krasn.ru
RI Ranson, Kenneth/G-2446-2012; Im, Sergei/J-2736-2016
OI Ranson, Kenneth/0000-0003-3806-7270; Im, Sergei/0000-0002-5794-7938
FU NASA Science Mission Directorate; Siberian Branch Russian Academy of
Science [23.3.33, MK-2497.2009.5]; Terrestrial Ecology Program
FX This research was supported by the NASA Science Mission Directorate,
Terrestrial Ecology Program, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Science
Program 23.3.33 and grant MK-2497.2009.5. The authors thank Dr V. Miglan
for help with the dendrochronology analysis and Dr Joanne Howl for
editing this manuscript.
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 24
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
PI OSLO
PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY
SN 0282-7581
EI 1651-1891
J9 SCAND J FOREST RES
JI Scand. J. Forest Res.
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 5
BP 446
EP 454
AR PII 927462506
DI 10.1080/02827581.2010.509329
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 659VI
UT WOS:000282594700006
ER
PT J
AU Kang, SW
Banerjee, D
Kaul, AB
Megerian, KG
AF Kang, S-W.
Banerjee, D.
Kaul, A. B.
Megerian, K. G.
TI Nanopatterning of Catalyst by Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN) for
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)
SO SCANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocatalysis; lateral force microscopy (LFM); scanning electron
microscope (SEM); spectroscopy; materials characterization
ID DEPOSITION; GROWTH; ARRAYS
AB Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were synthesized on nanopatterned catalysts. The catalyst nanoparticles were obtained using dip pen nanolithographytechnique. Dip pen nanolithography technique was used to deposit NiCl(2) nanopatterns with sub-200 nm feature sizes on a silicon substrate. The deposited features were verified by using lateral force microscopy. The substrate was then placed in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition instrument to synthesize CNT. The synthesized CNT were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. SCANNING 32: 42-48, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Kang, S-W.; Banerjee, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Kaul, A. B.; Megerian, K. G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Banerjee, D (reprint author), Mail Stop 3123 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM dbanerjee@tamu.edu
RI Banerjee, Debjyoti/A-8298-2013; Kang, Seokwon/H-7651-2013
OI Banerjee, Debjyoti/0000-0002-0197-7011; Kang,
Seokwon/0000-0003-2062-5297
FU Defense Advanced Projects Agency/Micro/Nano-Fluidics Fundamental Focus
Center (DARPA-MF3); Office of Naval Research (ONR); Space and
Naval Warfare Center Systems Command (SPAWAR-SSC); Department of Energy
(DOE)
FX Contract grant sponsors: Defense Advanced Projects
Agency/Micro/Nano-Fluidics Fundamental Focus Center
(DARPA-MF3); Office of Naval Research (ONR); Space and Naval
Warfare Center Systems Command (SPAWAR-SSC); Department of Energy (DOE).
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0161-0457
J9 SCANNING
JI Scanning
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 1
SI SI
BP 42
EP 48
DI 10.1002/sca.20184
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy
GA 607QL
UT WOS:000278521300008
PM 20496440
ER
PT S
AU de Asis, ED
Li, Y
Austin, AJ
Leung, J
Nguyen, CV
AF de Asis, Edward D., Jr.
Li, You
Austin, Alex J.
Leung, Joseph
Nguyen, Cattien V.
BE Bhushan, B
TI Carbon Nanotube Atomic Force Microscopy with Applications to Biology and
Electronics
SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY IN NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
SE Nanoscience and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Carbon Nanotube Scanning Probe Microscopy; Fabrication and
Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Probe Tip; Application of Carbon
Nanotube Probe to Various Force Microscopy Modes; Biological Imaging;
Drug Delivery; Optical Near-Field Microscopy
ID SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; NEAR-FIELD MICROSCOPY; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY;
AFM PROBES; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; TIPS;
RESOLUTION; FABRICATION; NANOSCALE
AB Carbon nanotube (CNT) possesses many desirable properties electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength combined with ductility, chemical inertness, high aspect ratio, and resistance to wear. These same attributes can extend the capabilities of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) beyond the limits imposed by conventional silicon and silicon nitride AFM tips. In this chapter, we will give a brief introduction to the chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties of CNT. Following this will be techniques for fabrication of CNT tips and then a detailed discussion of methods for characterizing CNT AFM tip performance with respect to resolution, tip conductivity, three-dimensional imaging, and long-term reliability, including recently reported performance metrics for CNT tips used in Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) imaging studies. A survey of the application of CNT probes to a diverse array of AFM imaging modes such as Chemical Force Microscopy, Electric Force Microscopy, Friction Force Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Magnetic Force Microscopy, and Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy highlights the advantages and performance improvements of using CNT AFM probes over conventional silicon probes. Finally, a presentation of the biological applications of CNT AFM probes illustrates the CNT probe's present use in aggressive imaging of soft, fragile, feature-rich samples and potential use in targeted nanoscale drug-delivery.
C1 [de Asis, Edward D., Jr.] Santa Clara Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Bioengn, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA.
[Li, You; Austin, Alex J.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nguyen, Cattien V.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, ELORET Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP de Asis, ED (reprint author), Santa Clara Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Bioengn, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA.
EM edeasis@scu.edu; reasonli@gmail.com; alexjaustin@gmail.com;
leung@merlin.arc.nasa.gov; Cattien.V.Nguyen@nasa.gov
NR 94
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1434-4904
BN 978-3-642-03534-0
J9 NANOSCI TECHNOL
PY 2010
BP 129
EP 168
D2 10.1007/978-3-642-03535-7
PG 40
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy
GA BOL46
UT WOS:000276943800005
ER
PT J
AU He, F
Zhang, XX
Chen, B
Fok, MC
AF He Fei
Zhang XiaoXin
Chen Bo
Fok Mei-Ching
TI Calculation of the extreme ultraviolet radiation of the earth's
plasmasphere
SO SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE earth's plasmasphere; dynamic global core plasma model; extreme
ultraviolet radiation; lunar-based imaging
ID INTERPLANETARY GAS; DENSITY; MODEL; MAGNETOSPHERE; NIGHT; SKY
AB The dynamic global core plasma model (DGCPM) is used in this paper to calculate the He(+) density distribution of the Earth's plasmasphere and to investigate the configurations and 30.4 nm radiation properties of the plasmasphere. Validation comparisons between the simulation results and IMAGE mission observations show: That the equatorial structure of the plasmapause is mainly located near 5.5 R(E) and the typical scale of plasmasphere shrinking or expansion within 10 min is approximately 0.1 R(E); that the plasmaspheric shoulders are formed and rotate noon-ward from the dawn sector under the conditions of strong southward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF); that the plasmaspheric plumes will rotate dawn-ward from the night sector and become narrow for the southward turning of the IMF. The simulated images from the lunar orbit show that the plasmasphere locating within the geocentric distance of 5.5 R(E) corresponds to field of view (FOV) of 10.7 degrees x10.7 degrees for the moon-based EUV imager, and that the 30.4 nm radiation intensity of the plasmasphere is 0.1-11.4 R. The plasmaspheric shoulders and plumes locating toward the moon-side are for the first time simulated with typical scale level of 0.1 R(E) from the side view of the moon. These simulated results provide an important theoretical basis for the lunar-based EUV camera design.
C1 [Zhang XiaoXin] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Ctr Space Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[He Fei; Chen Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Opt Fine Mech & Phys, Changchun 130033, Peoples R China.
[Fok Mei-Ching] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[He Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, XX (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, Natl Ctr Space Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM xxzhang@cma.gov.cn
RI he, fei/B-9277-2012
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40774098, 40774079,
40890160]; National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China
[2007AA12Z314]; Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Program
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grants No. 40774098, 40774079 and 40890160), the National Hi-Tech
Research and Development Program of China ("863" Project) (Grant No.
2007AA12Z314), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Program.
The authors would like to thank Dr. Weimer D R for providing the Weimer
electric field model and Dr. Gallagher D L for valuable discussions on
this paper. The authors would like to thank NASA-CCMC
(http://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/) for providing the code of IGRF and
Tsyganenko model and Dr. Forrester T of IMAGE/EUV team for the EUV data
and relevant processing software available at
http://euv.lpl.arizona.edu/euv/. The authors also thank the ACE Science
Center for the MAG and SWEPAM data available at
http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/, and the Kyoto World Data Center for
the geomagnetic index available at
http://swdcwww.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.html.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-7321
J9 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC
JI Sci. China-Technol. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 53
IS 1
BP 200
EP 205
DI 10.1007/s11431-009-0311-1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 581TG
UT WOS:000276546900034
ER
PT B
AU Hasan, H
Smith, DA
AF Hasan, Hashima
Smith, Denise A.
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI IYA2009 NASA Programs: Midyear Status
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB NASA's Science Mission Directorate's (SMD) celebration of the International Year of Astronomy (IYA) 2009 was kicked off in January 2009 with a sneak preview of a mufti-wavelength image of M101, and of other images from NASA's space science missions. Since then some of the exciting science generated by NASA's missions in astrophysics, planetary science and heliophysics, which has been given an IYA2009 flavor, has been made available to students, educators and the public worldwide. Some examples of the progress of NASA's programs are presented. The Visions of the Universe traveling exhibit of NASA images to public libraries around the country has been a spectacular success and is being extended to include more libraries. NASA IYA Student Ambassadors met at summer workshop and presented their projects. NASA's Afterschool Universe has provided IYA training to community-based organizations, while pre-launch teacher workshops associated with the Kepler and WISE missions have been designed to engage educators in the science of these missions. IYA activities have been associated with several missions launched this year. These include the Hubble Servicing Mission 4, Kepler, Herschel/Planck, and LCROSS. The NASA IYA website continues to be popular, getting visitors spanning a wide spectrum. NASA's IYA programs have captured the imagination of the public and continue to keep it engaged in the scientific exploration of the universe.
C1 [Hasan, Hashima] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 41
EP 46
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500009
ER
PT B
AU Thieman, J
Ng, C
Lewis, E
Cline, T
AF Thieman, James
Carolyn Ng
Lewis, Elaine
Cline, Troy
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Sun-Earth Days
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Sun-Earth Day is a well-coordinated series of programs, resources and events under a unique yearly theme highlighting the fundamentals of heliophysics research and missions. A menu of activities, conducted throughout the year, inspire and educate participants. Sun-Earth Day itself can vary in date, but usually is identified by a celebration on or near the spring equinox. Through the Sun-Earth Day framework we have been able to offer a series of coordinated events that promote and highlight the Sun, its connection to Earth and the other planets. Sun-Earth Day events are hosted by educators, museums, amateur astronomers and scientists and occur at schools, community groups, parks, planetaria and science centers around the globe. Sun-Earth Day raises the awareness and knowledge of formal and informal education audiences concerning space weather and heliophysics. By building on the success of Sun-Earth Day yearly celebrations, we seek to affect people of all backgrounds and ages with the wonders of heliophysics science, discovery, and exploration in ways that are both tangible and meaningful to their lives.
C1 [Thieman, James; Carolyn Ng; Lewis, Elaine; Cline, Troy] NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 115
EP 120
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500020
ER
PT B
AU Morrison, D
AF Morrison, David
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Cosmophobia, Nibiru, and Doomsday 2012
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Stories about the fictional planet Nibiru and predictions of doomsday in December 2012 have blossomed on the Internet and are beginning to creep into the more traditional media. There are now (September 2009) more than 200 books listed on Amazon.com dealing with the 2012 doomsday. Publicity for the science fiction film "2012" seem to be marketing Hollywood disasters as reality. As this hoax spreads, many more disaster scenarios are being suggested. Every week I receive dozens of questions sent to the NASA website(1) "Ask an Astrobiologist" from people who are afraid that the world is about to end. Most of this fear is directed at astronomical phenomena being characterized on the Internet as threats. Following is a list of the most popular "Twenty Questions" sent to Ask an Astrobiologist, organized in a logical succession and answered in some detail. The questions are mostly Composites, but they are based on real messages sent to NASA by the public.
C1 [Morrison, David] NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Washington, DC USA.
EM david.morrison@nasa.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 14
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 121
EP 131
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500021
ER
PT B
AU Scalice, D
Carron, A
AF Scalice, Daniella
Carron, Alice
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Crossroads and Connections: An Evolving Relationship between NASA and
the Navajo Nation
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Is working with Native Americans business as usual? We live in a project-based world that operates on three-to-five-year grants. A long term commitment can be next to impossible to keep, even if you have the best of intentions. Are there things one "must know" before approaching an indigenous population? Flow is it best to evaluate projects and programs involving Native Americans? In the NASA and the Navajo Nation project, which will turn five in January, 2010, we have compiled some key lessons learned that we hope will inform and encourage future partnerships between the space science education and Native American communities.(1)
C1 [Scalice, Daniella] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Astrobiol Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 217
EP 222
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500037
ER
PT B
AU Mattson, BJ
Lochner, JC
AF Mattson, Barbara J.
Lochner, James C.
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Science Journalism: Using Science Literacy to Teach Fundamental Science
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Science has many stories to tell. A carefully crafted series of stories can create a rich experience based in science literacy to teach fundamental science concepts. In particular, framing the stories as historic news articles illustrates the process of science and opens up opportunities for multidisciplinary lessons. NASA's Cosmic Times materials illustrate how we applied this model to tell the story of Our understanding of the expanding universe over the past century.
Cosmic Times is a series of curriculum support materials and classroom activities for grades 7-12. The series includes six posters, each resembling the front page of a newspaper from a particular time during the past 100 years with articles describing the discoveries. The articles trace astronomer's efforts to determine the size of the universe, the nature of supernovae, and the nature of the expansion of the universe. Each poster is accompanied by inquiry-based lessons that teach the science, the process of science, and skills for science literacy. In addition, these lessons include cross-curricular activities exploring the times and social circumstances of the discoveries.
These materials serve as a springboard for a discussion on using science literacy and storytelling with other science topics, ranging from our modern understanding of the planets and planet formation to the development of the theory of evolution.
C1 [Mattson, Barbara J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 257
EP 264
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500043
ER
PT B
AU Mendez, BJH
Day, B
Gay, PL
Jacoby, SH
Raddick, MJ
Walker, CE
Pompea, SM
AF Mendez, Bryan J. H.
Day, Brian
Gay, Pamela L.
Jacoby, Suzanne H.
Raddick, M. Jordan
Walker, Constance E.
Pompea, Stephen M.
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI The Spectrum of Citizen Science Projects in Astronomy and Space Science
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Citizen science projects are gaining in popularity and are seen by some as a paradigm shift that will benefit participants, extend scientific research, and improve public understanding of how science is done. All projects engage nonspecialists in observations, measurements, or classifications that further some aspect of scientific activity. In astronomy and space science, there is a range of involvement from passive to active, and differences in how necessary the citizen scientists are to the scientific goals of the project. Some projects are dealing with scientific questions that could not be investigated effectively and efficiently without the aid of large numbers of human volunteers. We will conduct a panel discussion of the lessons learned from several current citizen science projects in astronomy and space science. We will also engage session participants in round table discussions of future citizen science projects, especially in light of the large data sets becoming available online and access to educational telescopes.
C1 [Mendez, Bryan J. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Day, Brian] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Gay, Pamela L.] South Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
[Jacoby, Suzanne H.] Large Synopt Survey Telescope Corp, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Raddick, M. Jordan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Walker, Constance E.; Pompea, Stephen M.] US Natl Opt Astronm Observat, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Mendez, BJH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 324
EP 333
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500053
ER
PT B
AU Krishnamurthi, A
Lochner, JC
Conaty, C
Eyermann, S
Ferrell, T
Gliba, G
Griswold, B
Masetti, M
Mitchell, S
Reddy, F
Toth, T
VanDoren, A
AF Krishnamurthi, Anita
Lochner, James C.
Conaty, Carmel
Eyermann, Sarah
Ferrell, Trena
Gliba, George
Griswold, Britt
Masetti, Maggie
Mitchell, Sara
Reddy, Francis
Toth, Todd
VanDoren, Aleya
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Using IYA to Bring the Universe Down to Earth in the Metro DC Area
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB The Astrophysics Science Division at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center utilized the 100 Hours of Astronomy effort to pilot innovative ideas to reach new audiences and engage the local community. These events successfully engaged partners across Goddard and brought new audiences to Goddard and NASA during this International Year of Astronomy. During the week, we engaged professional astronomers, out-of-school-time educators, career counselors and local area K-12 teachers. The weekend events were targeted at families and the general public. In addition to bringing people to Goddard with events at the Goddard Visitors Center, we staged some events out in our local community. We discuss how we obtained center-wide engagement and participation in this effort and the impact of this cross-disciplinary outreach.
C1 [Krishnamurthi, Anita; Lochner, James C.; Eyermann, Sarah; Gliba, George; Griswold, Britt; Masetti, Maggie; Mitchell, Sara; Reddy, Francis] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Krishnamurthi, Anita] Univ Maryland, CRESST, College Pk, MD USA.
[Krishnamurthi, Anita] American Astronm Society, Washington, DC USA.
[Lochner, James C.] Univ Space Res Assoc, CRESST, Columbia, MD USA.
[Conaty, Carmel; Ferrell, Trena; Toth, Todd] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Off Educ, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Eyermann, Sarah; Gliba, George; Mitchell, Sara; Reddy, Francis] SIP Syst Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Ferrell, Trena] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK USA.
[Griswold, Britt; VanDoren, Aleya] Maslow Media Grp Inc, Washington, DC USA.
[Masetti, Maggie] Adnet Syst Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
[Toth, Todd] Waynesboro Area Sch District, Washington, DC USA.
[VanDoren, Aleya] NASA Goddard Space, Flight Ctr, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Krishnamurthi, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 363
EP 367
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500059
ER
PT B
AU Barbier, SB
Bartolone, L
Christian, ER
Eastman, T
Lewis, E
Thieman, J
AF Barbier, S. Beth
Bartolone, Lindsay
Christian, Eric R.
Eastman, Timothy
Lewis, Elaine
Thieman, James
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Extraordinary Matter: Visualizing Space Plasmas and Particles
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB We present an online NASA multimedia library, now in development, designed to assist educators with explaining concepts of basic particle and plasma physics. Such resources are few in number and/or difficult to locate, and most do not provide suitable context. On our Extraordinary Matter site, each product will be accompanied by an explanation at a reading level matching the concept's educational level, link to the source, educational standards addressed, file size, use restrictions, credits, format(s), creation date and, optionally, associated educational activities and other relevant information and links. The site will target grades 9-14 and the equivalent in informal education and outreach. Products are intended to stand alone, making them adaptable to the widest range of uses. This project is funded by the NASA EPOESS Program in response to NRA NNH08ZDA001N for ROSES-2008.
C1 [Barbier, S. Beth] NASA GSFC SP Syst Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Bartolone, Lindsay] Adler Planetarium, Chicago, IL USA.
[Christian, Eric R.; Eastman, Timothy] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Lewis, Elaine] Wyle Informat Syt LLC, Mclean, VA USA.
[Thieman, James] Honeywell Technol Solut Inc, Columbia, MD USA.
RP Barbier, SB (reprint author), NASA GSFC SP Syst Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Christian, Eric/D-4974-2012
OI Christian, Eric/0000-0003-2134-3937
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 393
EP 395
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500065
ER
PT B
AU Gibbs, MG
Walters, A
Wagner, DM
Dolan, K
Marius, JL
AF Gibbs, Michael G.
Walters, Angela
Wagner, David M.
Dolan, Ken
Marius, Julio L.
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Advancing the Future of STEM Workforce Development: The Capitol College
Space Operations Institute
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB The Capitol College Space Operations Institute (SOI), through a cooperative agreement with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, provides undergraduate students real-world learning experiences to enhance their careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) disciplines. This poster session highlights the current NASA Capitol College relationship through the SOI and future opportunities in advancing the goals of improving science literacy, while simultaneously encouraging students to enter the STEM workforce. Examples include student learning experiences with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), a satellite operated by the SOI at the Goddard Space Flight Center. The SOI is also designing and building an upgraded ground system for the TRMM mission and will become the back-up control center for the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mission.
C1 [Gibbs, Michael G.; Walters, Angela; Wagner, David M.; Dolan, Ken] Capitol Coll, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Marius, Julio L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Gibbs, MG (reprint author), Capitol Coll, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 440
EP 442
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500077
ER
PT B
AU Rapley, C
AF Rapley, Chris
BE Morris, PJT
TI Afterword: A Speech made at the Dinner to Celebrate the Centenary of the
Science Museum on 11 June 2009 by Professor Chris Rapley CBE, Director
of the Science Museum
SO SCIENCE FOR THE NATION: PERSPECTIVES ON THE HISTORY OF THE SCIENCE
MUSEUM
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Rapley, Chris] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Rapley, Chris] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Int Geosphere Biosphere Programme, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Rapley, Chris] NASA, Washington, DC USA.
[Rapley, Chris] European Space Agcy, F-75738 Paris 15, France.
[Rapley, Chris] St Edmunds Coll, Cambridge, England.
RP Rapley, C (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, London, England.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-28314-5
PY 2010
BP 312
EP 316
D2 10.1057/9780230283145
PG 5
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA BXI11
UT WOS:000296159600016
ER
PT S
AU Stecker, FW
AF Stecker, Floyd W.
BE Cecchi, C
Ciprini, S
Lubrano, P
Tosti, G
TI Gamma-ray and Cosmic-ray Tests of Lorentz Invariance Violation and
Quantum Gravity Models and Their Implications
SO SCIENCE WITH THE NEW GENERATION OF HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY EXPERIMENTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Gamma-Ray Physics in the LHC Era
CY OCT 07-09, 2009
CL Assisi, ITALY
SP INFN, Univ Perugia, Town Council Assisi, Astroparticle Phys Assoc Rome
DE quantum gravity
ID SPACE-TIME FOAM; SPECTRUM; BURSTS; MARKARIAN-501; DIMENSIONS; RADIATION;
DETECTOR
AB The topic of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) is a fundamental question in physics that has taken on particular interest in theoretical explorations of quantum gravity scenarios. I discuss various gamma-ray observations that give limits on predicted potential effects of Lorentz invariance violation. Among these are spectral data from ground based observations of the multi-TeV gamma-rays from nearby AGN. INTEGRAL detections of polarized soft gamma-rays from the vicinity of the Crab pulsar, Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope studies of photon propagation timing from gamma-ray bursts, and Auger data on the spectrum of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. These results can be used to seriously constrain or rule out some models involving Planck scale physics. Possible implications of these limits for quantum gravity and Planck scale physics will be discussed.
C1 [Stecker, Floyd W.] NASA, Astrophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Stecker, FW (reprint author), NASA, Astrophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0767-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1223
BP 192
EP 206
DI 10.1063/1.3395985
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPB82
UT WOS:000278483100021
ER
PT S
AU Ho, SS
Tang, WQ
Liu, WT
Schneider, M
AF Ho, Shen-Shyang
Tang, Wenqing
Liu, W. Timothy
Schneider, Markus
BE Gertz, M
Ludascher, B
TI A Framework for Moving Sensor Data Query and Retrieval of Dynamic
Atmospheric Events
SO SCIENTIFIC AND STATISTICAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database
Management
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies
DE data retrieval; satellite data; atmospheric events; spatio-temporal join
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; TROPICAL CYCLONES; EOSDIS
AB One challenge in Earth science research is the accurate and efficient ad-hoc query and retrieval of Earth science satellite sensor data based on user-defined criteria to study and analyze atmospheric events such as tropical cyclones. The problem can be formulated as a spatio-temporal join query to identify the spatio-temporal location where moving sensor objects and dynamic atmospheric event objects intersect, either precisely or within a user-defined proximity. In this paper, we describe an efficient query and retrieval framework to handle the problem of identifying the spatio-temporal intersecting positions for satellite sensor data retrieval. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework using sensor measurements from QuikSCAT (wind field measurement) and TRMM (precipitation vertical profile measurements) satellites, and the trajectories of the tropical cyclones occurring in the North Atlantic Ocean in 2009.
C1 [Ho, Shen-Shyang; Tang, Wenqing; Liu, W. Timothy] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Schneider, Markus] Univ Florida, Dept Comp & Informat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Ho, SS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM sho@jpl.nasa.gov; Wenqing.Tang@jpl.nasa.gov; w.t.liu@jpl.nasa.gov;
mschneid@cise.ufl.edu
RI Ho, Shen-Shyang/B-7034-2012
OI Ho, Shen-Shyang/0000-0002-0353-7159
FU National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration (NASA) Advanced Information
Systems Technology (AIST) Program [AIST-08-0081]
FX This work was partially carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology and was funded by the National
Aeronautics and Space Adminstration (NASA) Advanced Information Systems
Technology (AIST) Program under grant number AIST-08-0081.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-13817-1
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6187
BP 96
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BSZ16
UT WOS:000286148800009
ER
PT J
AU Shan, HZ
Blagojevic, F
Min, SJ
Hargrove, P
Jin, HQ
Fuerlinger, K
Koniges, A
Wright, NJ
AF Shan, Hongzhang
Blagojevic, Filip
Min, Seung-Jai
Hargrove, Paul
Jin, Haoqiang
Fuerlinger, Karl
Koniges, Alice
Wright, Nicholas J.
TI A programming model performance study using the NAS parallel benchmarks
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE Programming model; performance study; UPC; OpenMP; MPI; memory usage
AB Harnessing the power of multicore platforms is challenging due to the additional levels of parallelism present. In this paper we use the NAS Parallel Benchmarks to study three programming models, MPI, OpenMP and PGAS to understand their performance and memory usage characteristics on current multicore architectures. To understand these characteristics we use the Integrated Performance Monitoring tool and other ways to measure communication versus computation time, as well as the fraction of the run time spent in OpenMP. The benchmarks are run on two different Cray XT5 systems and an Infiniband cluster. Our results show that in general the three programming models exhibit very similar performance characteristics. In a few cases, OpenMP is significantly faster because it explicitly avoids communication. For these particular cases, we were able to re-write the UPC versions and achieve equal performance to OpenMP. Using OpenMP was also the most advantageous in terms of memory usage. Also we compare performance differences between the two Cray systems, which have quad-core and hex-core processors. We show that at scale the performance is almost always slower on the hex-core system because of increased contention for network resources.
C1 [Shan, Hongzhang; Blagojevic, Filip; Min, Seung-Jai; Hargrove, Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Future Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jin, Haoqiang] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, NAS Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Fuerlinger, Karl] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Koniges, Alice; Wright, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shan, HZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Future Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hshan@lbl.gov
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research in the Department of
Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Energy Research
Scientific Computing Center [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Center for
Computational Sciences [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX All authors from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were supported by
the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research in the Department
of Energy Office of Science under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This
work used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center, under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and resources of the
National Center for Computational Sciences, under contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 153
EP 167
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0306
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500004
ER
PT J
AU Huang, L
Jin, HQ
Yi, LQ
Chapman, B
AF Huang, Lei
Jin, Haoqiang
Yi, Liqi
Chapman, Barbara
TI Enabling locality-aware computations in OpenMP
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE Locality of computation; memory programming; OpenMP; programming models
AB Locality of computation is key to obtaining high performance on a broad variety of parallel architectures and applications. It is moreover an essential component of strategies for energy-efficient computing. OpenMP is a widely available industry standard for shared memory programming. With the pervasive deployment of multi-core computers and the steady growth in core count, a productive programming model such as OpenMP is increasingly expected to play an important role in adapting applications to this new hardware. However, OpenMP does not provide the programmer with explicit means to program for locality. Rather it presents the user with a "flat" memory model. In this paper, we discuss the need for explicit programmer control of locality within the context of OpenMP and present some ideas on how this might be accomplished. We describe potential extensions to OpenMP that would enable the user to manage a program's data layout and to align tasks and data in order to minimize the cost of data accesses. We give examples showing the intended use of the proposed features, describe our current implementation and present some experimental results. Our hope is that this work will lead to efforts that would help OpenMP to be a major player on emerging, multi- and many-core architectures.
C1 [Huang, Lei; Yi, Liqi; Chapman, Barbara] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
[Jin, Haoqiang] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA USA.
RP Huang, L (reprint author), Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
FU National Science Foundation [CCF-0833201, CCF-0917285]; Department of
Energy [DE-FC02-06ER25759]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. CCF-0833201 and CCF-0917285 as well as the
Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FC02-06ER25759.
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 169
EP 181
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0307
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500005
ER
PT J
AU Jespersen, DC
AF Jespersen, Dennis C.
TI Acceleration of a CFD code with a GPU
SO SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE GPU; CUDA; acceleration; OVERFLOW code
ID ALGORITHM; FORM
AB The Computational Fluid Dynamics code OVERFLOW includes as one of its solver options an algorithm which is a fairly small piece of code but which accounts for a significant portion of the total computational time. This paper studies some of the issues in accelerating this piece of code by using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). The algorithm needs to be modified to be suitable for a GPU and attention needs to be given to 64-bit and 32-bit arithmetic. Interestingly, the work done for the GPU produced ideas for accelerating the CPU code and led to significant speedup on the CPU.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Jespersen, DC (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Dennis.Jespersen@nasa.gov
FU NASA's Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate
FX This work was partially supported by the Fundamental Aeronautics Program
of NASA's Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate. NVIDIA Corporation
donated the Tesla C1060 hardware.
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 4
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1058-9244
J9 SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH
JI Sci. Program.
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3-4
BP 193
EP 201
DI 10.3233/SPR-2010-0309
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 709RQ
UT WOS:000286459500007
ER
PT S
AU Badescu, M
Bao, XQ
Bar-Cohen, Y
Chang, ZS
Kerenyi, K
Lih, SS
Sherrit, S
Trease, BP
Chen, B
Widholm, S
AF Badescu, Mircea
Bao, Xiaoqi
Bar-Cohen, Yoseph
Chang, Zensheu
Kerenyi, Kornel
Lih, Shyh-Shiuh
Sherrit, Stewart
Trease, Brian P.
Chen, Beck
Widholm, Scott
BE Tomizuka, M
Yun, CB
Giurgiutiu, V
Lynch, JP
TI Direct Measurement Sensor of the Boundary Shear Stress in Fluid Flow
SO SENSORS AND SMART STRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES FOR CIVIL, MECHANICAL, AND
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil,
Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2010
CY MAR 08-11, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, KAIST
DE Sensor; shear stress; fluid flow
AB The flow fields and boundary erosion that are associated with scour at bridge piers are very complex. Direct measurement of the boundary shear stress and boundary pressure fluctuations in experimental scour research has always been a challenge and high spatial resolution and fidelity have been almost impossible. Most researchers have applied an indirect process to determine shear stress using precise measured velocity profiles. Laser Doppler Anemometry and Particle Image Velocimetry are common techniques used to accurately measure velocity profiles. These methods are based on theoretical assumptions to estimate boundary shear stress. In addition, available turbulence models cannot very well account for the effect of bed roughness which is fundamentally important for any CFD simulation. The authors have taken on the challenge to advance the magnitude level to which direct measurements of the shear stress in water flow can be performed. This paper covered the challenges and the efforts to develop a higher accuracy and small spatial resolution sensor. Also, preliminary sensor designs and test results are presented.
C1 [Badescu, Mircea; Bao, Xiaoqi; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph; Chang, Zensheu; Lih, Shyh-Shiuh; Sherrit, Stewart; Trease, Brian P.; Chen, Beck; Widholm, Scott] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Badescu, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 67-119,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Mircea.Badescu@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8062-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7647
AR 76471C
DI 10.1117/12.847325
PG 5
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSQ93
UT WOS:000285510800043
ER
PT S
AU Bao, XQ
Bar-Cohen, Y
Scott, J
Sherrit, S
Widholm, S
Badescu, M
Shrout, T
Jones, B
AF Bao, Xiaoqi
Bar-Cohen, Yoseph
Scott, James
Sherrit, Stewart
Widholm, Scott
Badescu, Mircea
Shrout, Tom
Jones, Beth
BE Tomizuka, M
Yun, CB
Giurgiutiu, V
Lynch, JP
TI Ultrasonic/sonic drill for high temperature application
SO SENSORS AND SMART STRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES FOR CIVIL, MECHANICAL, AND
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil,
Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2010
CY MAR 08-11, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, KAIST
DE High Temperature actuators; Piezoelectric Drill; Rock sampling; Venus
AB Venus is one of the many significant scientific targets for NASA. New rock sampling tools with the ability to be operated at high temperatures of the order of 460 C are required for surface in-situ sampling/analysis missions. Piezoelectric materials such as LiNbO(3) crystals and Bismuth Titanate are potentially operational at the temperature range found on the surface of Venus. A study of the feasibility of producing piezoelectric drills for a temperature up to 500 degrees C was conducted. The study includes investigation of the high temperature properties of piezoelectric crystals and ceramics with different formulas and doping. Several prototypes of Ultrasonic/Sonic Drill/Corers (USDC) driven by transducers using the high temperate piezoelectric ceramics and single LiNbO(3) crystal were fabricated. The transducers were analyzed by scanning the impedance at room temperature and 500 degrees C under both low and high voltages. The drilling performances were tested at temperature up to 500 degrees C. Preliminary results were previously reported [Bao et al, 2009]. In this paper, the progress is presented and the future works for performance improvements are discussed.
C1 [Bao, Xiaoqi; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph; Scott, James; Sherrit, Stewart; Widholm, Scott; Badescu, Mircea] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Bao, XQ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM xbao@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8062-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7647
AR 764739
DI 10.1117/12.847456
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSQ93
UT WOS:000285510800096
ER
PT S
AU Sherrit, S
Trebi-Ollennu, A
Bonitz, R
Bar-Cohen, Y
Yen, JT
AF Sherrit, Stewart
Trebi-Ollennu, Ashitey
Bonitz, Robert
Bar-Cohen, Yoseph
Yen, Jesse T.
BE Tomizuka, M
Yun, CB
Giurgiutiu, V
Lynch, JP
TI Compact sensitive piezoelectric mass balance for measurement of
unconsolidated materials in space
SO SENSORS AND SMART STRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES FOR CIVIL, MECHANICAL, AND
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil,
Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2010
CY MAR 08-11, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, KAIST
DE Piezoelectric; mass balance; resonance; flextensional actuators
ID MODE
AB In many in-situ instruments information about the mass of the sample could aid in the interpretation of the data and portioning instruments might require an accurate sizing of the sample mass before dispensing the sample. In addition, on potential sample return missions a method to directly assess the captured sample size would be required to determine if the sampler could return or needs to continue attempting to acquire sample. In an effort to meet these requirements piezoelectric balances were developed using flextensional actuators which are capable of monitoring the mass using two methods. A piezoelectric balance could be used to measure mass directly by monitoring the voltage developed across the piezoelectric which is linear with force, or it could be used in resonance to produce a frequency change proportional to the mass change. In the case of the latter, the piezoelectric actuator/balance would be swept in frequency through its fundamental resonance. If a mass is added to the balance the resonance frequency would shift down proportionally to the mass. By monitoring the frequency shift the mass could be determined. This design would allow for two independent measurements of the mass. In microgravity environments spacecraft thrusters could be used to provide acceleration in order to produce the required force for the first technique or to bring the mass into contact with the balance in the second approach. In addition, the measuring actuators, if driven at higher voltages, could be used to fluidize the powder to aid sample movement. In this paper, we outline some of our design considerations and present the results of a few prototype balances that we have developed.
C1 [Sherrit, Stewart; Trebi-Ollennu, Ashitey; Bonitz, Robert; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Sherrit, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8062-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7647
AR 76471A
DI 10.1117/12.847038
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BSQ93
UT WOS:000285510800041
ER
PT S
AU Cairns, B
Mishchenko, M
Maring, H
Fafaul, B
Pszcolka, S
AF Cairns, Brian
Mishchenko, Michael
Maring, Hal
Fafaul, Bryan
Pszcolka, Steven
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI Accurate monitoring of terrestrial aerosols and total solar irradiance:
the NASA Glory mission
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Climate; total solar irradiance; aerosols; clouds; radiative forcing
ID TIM
AB Current uncertainties in the total solar irradiance (TSI) and aerosol radiative forcings of climate are so large that they limit quantitative evaluation of climate models against global temperature change. Reducing these uncertainties is the objective of the NASA Glory mission scheduled for launch in November 2010 as part of the NASA A-Train. Glory is intended to meet the following scientific objectives: Improve the quantification of solar variability by continuing the uninterrupted 32-year satellite measurement record of TSI, facilitate the quantification of the aerosol direct and indirect forcings of climate, and provide better aerosol representations for use by other operational satellite instruments.
C1 [Cairns, Brian; Mishchenko, Michael] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Cairns, B (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RI Mishchenko, Michael/D-4426-2012;
OI Cairns, Brian/0000-0002-1980-1022
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260U
DI 10.1117/12.865013
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800022
ER
PT S
AU Esteban-Fernandez, D
Rodriguez, E
Fu, LL
Alsdorf, D
Vaze, P
AF Esteban-Fernandez, D.
Rodriguez, Ernesto
Fu, Lee-Lueng
Alsdorf, Douglas
Vaze, Parag
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI The Surface Water and Ocean Topography Mission: Centimetric Spaceborne
Radar Interferometry
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE radar; interferometer; ocean; mesoscale; submesoscale
AB Over the last two decades, several nadir profiling radar altimeters have provided our first global look at the ocean basin-scale circulation and the ocean mesoscale at wavelengths longer than 100 km. Due to sampling limitations, nadir altimetry is unable to resolve the small wavelength ocean mesoscale and sub-mesoscale that are responsible for the vertical mixing of ocean heat and gases and the dissipation of kinetic energy from large to small scales. The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission being considered by NASA has as one of its main goals the measurement of ocean topography with kilometer-scale spatial resolution and centimeter scale accuracy. In this paper, we provide an overview of all error sources that contribute to the SWOT mission for the ocean. This paper is a sequel to an earlier paper describing the SWOT mission, the science and its payload.
C1 [Esteban-Fernandez, D.; Rodriguez, Ernesto; Fu, Lee-Lueng; Vaze, Parag] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Esteban-Fernandez, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 782615
DI 10.1117/12.868535
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800031
ER
PT S
AU McLennan, DD
AF McLennan, Douglas D.
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI Ice, Clouds and Land Elevation (ICESat-2) Mission
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE ICESat-2; NASA; Global Warming; Photon Counting; Environmental Mission
AB In recent years, the melting ice shelf and global warming headlines continue to remain prominent in the media circuits. The public and our science community want to know why and what can be done accurately to evaluate the changes and respond accordingly to the threat. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced ICESat-2 as the next environmental mission. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland, is responsible for the implementation of the ICESat-2 Mission.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP McLennan, DD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 782610
DI 10.1117/12.865200
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800027
ER
PT S
AU Neeck, SP
Kakar, RK
Azarbarzin, AA
Hou, AY
AF Neeck, Steven P.
Kakar, Ramesh K.
Azarbarzin, Ardeshir A.
Hou, Arthur Y.
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Implementation
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
AB The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission will provide enhanced space-based precipitation measurements with sufficient coverage, spatial resolution, temporal sampling, retrieval accuracy, and microphysical information to advance the understanding of Earth's water and energy cycle and to improve predictions of its climate, weather, and hydrometeorological processes. Such improvements will in turn improve decision support systems in broad societal applications (e. g. water resource management, agriculture, transportation, etc). GPM is a partnership between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), building upon their highly successful partnership on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The GPM architecture consists of NASA satellites operating in partnership with other earth-observing satellites and instruments to produce global precipitation science data. The current generation of multi-satellite global precipitation products based on microwave/infrared sensors from uncoordinated satellite missions has for its anchor the TRMM precipitation radar and the TRMM Microwave Imager measurements over the tropics and subtropics (+/- 35 degrees latitude), with a mean sampling time of approximately 17 hours. The GPM mission will deploy a spaceborne Core Observatory as a reference standard to unify a space constellation of research and operational microwave sensors aimed at providing uniformly calibrated precipitation measurements globally every 2-4 hours. The Core Observatory measurements will provide, for the first time, quantitative information on precipitation particle size distribution needed for improving the accuracy of precipitation estimates by microwave radiometers and radars. In addition, the GPM will also include a second microwave radiometer and a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) communications subsystem for near real time data relay for a future partner-provided constellation satellite. This second GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) instrument, flown in a low-inclination orbit, combined with the Core Observatory will provide an improvement over TRMM in both global coverage and sampling rate (+/- 65 degrees, 10 hour mean sampling time). GPM is well into its final design and fabrication (Phase C) with planned launches in 2013 and 2014.
C1 [Neeck, Steven P.; Kakar, Ramesh K.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Neeck, SP (reprint author), NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RI Hou, Arthur/D-8578-2012
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260X
DI 10.1117/12.868537
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800025
ER
PT S
AU Neeck, SP
Volz, SM
AF Neeck, Steven P.
Volz, Stephen M.
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI NASA's Earth Science Flight Program Status
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
AB NASA's strategic goal to "advance scientific understanding of the changing Earth system to meet societal needs" continues the agency's legacy of expanding human knowledge of the Earth through space activities, as mandated by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958. Over the past 50 years, NASA has been the world leader in developing space-based Earth observing systems and capabilities that have fundamentally changed our view of our planet and have defined Earth system science. The U. S. National Research Council report "Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements" published in 2008 by the National Academy of Sciences articulates those key achievements and the evolution of the space observing capabilities, looking forward to growing potential to address Earth science questions and enable an abundance of practical applications. NASA's Earth science program is an end-to-end one that encompasses the development of observational techniques and the instrument technology needed to implement them. This includes laboratory testing and demonstration from surface, airborne, or space-based platforms; research to increase basic process knowledge; incorporation of results into complex computational models to more fully characterize the present state and future evolution of the Earth system; and development of partnerships with national and international organizations that can use the generated information in environmental forecasting and in policy, business, and management decisions. Currently, NASA's Earth Science Division (ESD) has 14 operating Earth science space missions with 6 in development and 18 under study or in technology risk reduction. Two Tier 2 Decadal Survey climate-focused missions, Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days and Seasons (ASCENDS) and Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT), have been identified in conjunction with the U. S. Global Change Research Program and initiated for launch in the 2019-2020 timeframe. NASA will begin refurbishment of the SAGE III atmospheric chemistry instrument to be hosted by the International Space Station (ISS) as early as 2013 and will initiate a Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Follow-on mission for launch in 2016.
C1 [Neeck, Steven P.; Volz, Stephen M.] NASA Headquarters, Sci Mission Directorate, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Neeck, SP (reprint author), NASA Headquarters, Sci Mission Directorate, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260T
DI 10.1117/12.865764
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800021
ER
PT S
AU Pollock, R
Haring, RE
Holden, JR
Johnson, DL
Kapitanoff, A
Mohlman, D
Phillips, C
Randall, D
Rechsteiner, D
Rivera, J
Rodriguez, JI
Schwochert, MA
Sutin, BM
AF Pollock, Randy
Haring, Robert E.
Holden, James R.
Johnson, Dean L.
Kapitanoff, Andrea
Mohlman, David
Phillips, Charles
Randall, David
Rechsteiner, David
Rivera, Jose
Rodriguez, Jose I.
Schwochert, Mark A.
Sutin, Brian M.
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI The Orbiting Carbon Observatory Instrument: Performance of the OCO
Instrument and Plans for the OCO-2 Instrument
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Imaging Spectrometer; Carbon Dioxide; Radiometric Calibration; Spectral
Calibration; Stray Light; Residual Image
AB NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) was designed to make measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations from space with the precision and accuracy required to identify sources and sinks on regions scales (similar to 1,000 km). Unfortunately, OCO was lost due to a failure of the launch vehicle. Since then, work has started on OCO-2, planned for launch in early 2013. This paper will document the OCO instrument performance and discuss the changes planned for the OCO-2 instrument.
C1 [Pollock, Randy; Holden, James R.; Johnson, Dean L.; Kapitanoff, Andrea; Phillips, Charles; Randall, David; Rivera, Jose; Rodriguez, Jose I.; Schwochert, Mark A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Pollock, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM randy.pollock@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260W
DI 10.1117/12.865243
PG 13
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800024
ER
PT S
AU Rodriguez, E
Esteban-Fernandez, D
AF Rodriguez, Ernesto
Esteban-Fernandez, Daniel
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI The Surface Water and Ocean Topography Mission (SWOT): The Ka-band Radar
Interferometer (KaRIn) for water level measurements at all scales
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE radar; interferometry; oceanography; mesoscale; hydrology; storage
change; discharge
AB The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will study ocean mesoscale and submesoscale phenomena and provide an inventory of storage change and discharge for fresh water bodies and rivers. In this paper, we examine the combination of measurements that will be used by SWOT to achieve a globally consistent data set. We introduce a new channel in the SWOT measurement that combines data transmitted by the interferometer antennas and received by the radiometer antenna allows the closing of the SWOT nadir coverage gap. This new mode also allows for improved calibration between the nadir altimeter and the interferometer, resulting in consistent range measurements. Consistency in the phase measurements is achieved using a mixture of cross-over calibration combined with optimal estimation of system error drift.
C1 [Rodriguez, Ernesto; Esteban-Fernandez, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Rodriguez, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 782614
DI 10.1117/12.868525
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800030
ER
PT S
AU Sandford, SP
Young, DF
Corliss, JM
Wielicki, BA
Gazarik, MJ
Mlynczak, MG
Little, AD
Jones, CD
Speth, PW
Shick, DE
Brown, KE
Thome, KJ
Hair, JH
AF Sandford, Stephen. P.
Young, David F.
Corliss, James M.
Wielicki, Bruce A.
Gazarik, Michael J.
Mlynczak, Martin G.
Little, Alan D.
Jones, Craig D.
Speth, Paul W.
Shick, Don E.
Brown, Kevin E.
Thome, Kurtis J.
Hair, Jason H.
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI CLARREO: Cornerstone of the climate observing system measuring decadal
change through accurate emitted infrared and reflected solar spectra and
radio occultation
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Earth observation; climate; SI-traceable; global scale; decadal scale;
natural variability; accuracy; uncertainty
AB The CLARREO mission addresses the need to provide accurate, broadly acknowledged climate records that can be used to validate long-term climate projections that become the foundation for informed decisions on mitigation and adaptation policies. The CLARREO mission accomplishes this critical objective through rigorous SI traceable decadal change observations that will reduce the key uncertainties in current climate model projections. These same uncertainties also lead to uncertainty in attribution of climate change to anthropogenic forcing. CLARREO will make highly accurate and SI-traceable global, decadal change observations sensitive to the most critical, but least understood climate forcing, responses, and feedbacks. The CLARREO breakthrough is to achieve the required levels of accuracy and traceability to SI standards for a set of observations sensitive to a wide range of key decadal change variables. The required accuracy levels are determined so that climate trend signals can be detected against a background of naturally occurring variability. The accuracy for decadal change traceability to SI standards includes uncertainties associated with instrument calibration, satellite orbit sampling, and analysis methods. Unlike most space missions, the CLARREO requirements are driven not by the instantaneous accuracy of the measurements, but by accuracy in the large time/space scale averages that are necessary to understand global, decadal climate changes.
C1 [Sandford, Stephen. P.; Young, David F.; Corliss, James M.; Wielicki, Bruce A.; Gazarik, Michael J.; Mlynczak, Martin G.; Little, Alan D.; Jones, Craig D.; Speth, Paul W.; Shick, Don E.; Brown, Kevin E.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Sandford, SP (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Stephen.p.sandford@nasa.gov
RI Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012; Richards, Amber/K-8203-2015
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 782611
DI 10.1117/12.866353
PG 9
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800028
ER
PT S
AU Sen, A
Caruso, D
Durham, D
Falcon, C
AF Sen, Amit
Caruso, Daniel
Durham, David
Falcon, Carlos
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI Aquarius/SAC-D: An International Remote Sensing Satellite Mission
measuring Sea Surface Salinity
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE International Sea surface salinity mission; SSS; global water cycle;
microwave remote sensing; projects; climate studies; Aquarius/SAC-D;
Observatory; spacecraft and instrument testing; performance; launch
preparations; NASA; CONAE; ASI; CNES; CSA; AEB (INPE/LIT); INVAP
AB The Aquarius/SAC-D mission is the fourth earth-observation satellite jointly developed by NASA and CONAE. This international remote sensing mission ( with contributions from USA, Argentina, Brazil, Italy, France and Canada) has the primary objective to investigate the links between global water cycle, ocean circulation and climate by measuring Sea Surface Salinity (SSS). The mission is undergoing Observatory level testing and being prepared to be launched from USA. This paper will present the mission, instruments, testing and performance status of the Observatory and show the final preparation towards launch.
C1 [Sen, Amit; Durham, David] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Sen, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260V
DI 10.1117/12.866352
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800023
ER
PT S
AU Vaze, P
Neeck, S
Bannoura, W
Green, J
Wade, A
Mignogno, M
Zaouche, G
Couderc, V
Thouvenot, E
Parisot, F
AF Vaze, Parag
Neeck, Steven
Bannoura, Walid
Green, Joseph
Wade, Angelo
Mignogno, Mike
Zaouche, Gerard
Couderc, Veronique
Thouvenot, Eric
Parisot, Francois
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI THE JASON-3 MISSION: COMPLETING THE TRANSITION OF OCEAN ALTIMETRY FROM
RESEARCH TO OPERATIONS
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE radar; oceanography; altimetry
AB The Jason-3 mission is planned as a follow-on mission to the Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason-2, to continue the core satellite altimetry measurements for physical oceanography. In addition, a key long-term vision of the founders of this measurement will come to reality: the transitioning from research to operational applications of this valuable measurement. Jason-3 builds upon the heritage of foundational and transitional missions such as SEASAT (1978), GEOSAT (1985), TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P, 1992), Jason-1 (2001) and OSTM/Jason-2 (2008), which have led to the understanding and development of a wide range of oceanographic applications of satellite altimetry.
With the successful development and operation of the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 missions, the Franco-American cooperation in ocean altimetry has grown with a steady vision of expanding this measurement towards operational applications. As such, the T/P and Jason-1 missions were developed by NASA and CNES, and subsequently NOAA and EUMETSAT have taken on key partnership roles by providing mission operations services for the OSTM/Jason-2 project. For Jason-3, NOAA and EUMETSAT are the lead agencies with CNES and NASA as key partners providing mission development support.
With a planned project start in early 2010 and a launch target of mid-2013, Jason-3 is planned as a recurring mission from OSTM/Jason-2 to minimize satellite development risk as well as to ensure the continuity of measurements after OSTM/Jason-2. The Jason-3 satellite is planned to operate at the same 1336 km, 66 deg. inclination reference orbit with essentially the same on-board instrumentation as OSTM/Jason-2. The instrument suite will consist of a dual-frequency Nadir Altimeter, a Microwave Radiometer, and three Precision Orbit Determination instruments (Global Positioning System - GPS, Doppler Orbitography and Radio-positioning Integrated by Satellite -DORIS, and Laser Retroreflector Array - LRA).
Fulfilling the goals of moving satellite altimetry onto routine operations will require a close cooperation and coordination of international, multi-agency mission managers, designers, engineers, scientists and operational systems developers. This paper presents the Jason-3 mission formulation and development plans, and highlights the key aspects of making this multidimensional project move towards reality.
C1 [Vaze, Parag] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Vaze, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78260Y
DI 10.1117/12.868543
PG 5
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800026
ER
PT S
AU Vaze, P
Albuys, V
Esteban-Fernandez, D
Lafon, T
Lambin, J
Mallet, A
Rodriguez, E
AF Vaze, Parag
Albuys, Vincent
Esteban-Fernandez, Daniel
Lafon, Thierry
Lambin, Juliette
Mallet, Alain
Rodriguez, Ernesto
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI THE SURFACE WATER AND OCEAN TOPOGRAPHY MISSION: BUILDING A MISSION
CONCEPT TO STUDY THE WORLD'S OCEANS AND FRESH WATER
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE radar; interferometer; hydrology; ocean; mesoscale; submesoscale
AB The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) is a planned satellite mission to study the world's oceans and terrestrial surface water bodies. The SWOT mission concept has been proposed jointly by the global Hydrology and Oceanography science communities to make the first global survey of the Earth's surface water, observe the fine details of the ocean's surface topography, and measure how water bodies change over time. SWOT was one of 15 missions listed in the 2007 National Research Council's Decadal Survey for Earth science as a mission that NASA should implement in the incoming decade. This mission concept builds upon the heritage of prior missions and technologies such as Topex/Poseidon, Jason-1/2, the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), and the initial development of the Wide Swatch Ocean Altimeter intended for the Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason-2. The key measurement capability for SWOT is provided by a Ka-band synthetic aperture radar interferometer (KaRIn). With an orbit altitude of 970 km, the KaRIn instrument provides a high-resolution swath width of 120 km enabling global coverage (similar to 90%) of the world's ocean's and fresh water bodies. The KaRIn measurement is being designed to provide a spatial resolution of 1 km for the oceans (after on-board processing), and 100 m for land water, both at centimetric accuracy. An additional instrument suite similar to the Jason series will complement KaRIn: a Ku-band nadir altimeter, a Microwave Radiometer and Precision Orbit Determination (POD) systems. To enable this challenging measurement performance, the SWOT mission concept is designed to overcome several challenges, such as very high raw data rate (320 Mbps), large on-board data volumes, high power demand, stringent pointing and stability requirements, and ground data processing systems, to produce meaningful science data products to our user community. The SWOT mission concept is being developed as a cooperative effort between NASA and CNES. This paper presents the initial end-to-end mission concept as well as the current plans to develop and implement this challenging mission in the future.
C1 [Vaze, Parag; Esteban-Fernandez, Daniel; Rodriguez, Ernesto] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Vaze, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 782613
DI 10.1117/12.868439
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800029
ER
PT S
AU Xiong, XX
Angal, A
Madhavan, S
Choi, TY
Dodd, J
Geng, X
Wang, ZP
Toller, G
Barnes, W
AF Xiong, Xiaoxiong
Angal, Amit
Madhavan, Sriharsha
Choi, Taeyoung
Dodd, Jennifer
Geng, Xu
Wang, Zhipeng
Toller, Gary
Barnes, William
BE Meynart, R
Neeck, SP
Shimoda, H
TI Aqua MODIS 8-year On-orbit Operation and Calibration
SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XIV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIV
CY SEP 20-23, 2010
CL Toulouse, FRANCE
SP SPIE
DE Aqua; MODIS; on-board calibrators; radiometric calibration; spectral;
spatial characterization
ID PERFORMANCE
AB Launched in May 2002, the NASA EOS Aqua MODIS has successfully operated for more than 8 years. Observations from Aqua MODIS and its predecessor, Terra MODIS, have generated an unprecedented amount of data products and made significant contributions to studies of changes in the Earth's system of land, oceans, and atmosphere. MODIS collects data in 36 spectral bands: 20 reflective solar bands (RSB) and 16 thermal emissive bands (TEB). It has a set of on-board calibrators (OBC), providing sensor on-orbit radiometric, spectral, and spatial calibration and characterization. This paper briefly summarizes Aqua MODIS on-orbit operation and calibration activities and illustrates instrument on-orbit performance from launch to present. Discussions are focused on OBC functions and changes in detector radiometric gains, spectral responses, and spatial registrations. With ongoing calibration effort, Aqua MODIS will continue serving the science community with high quality data products.
C1 [Xiong, Xiaoxiong] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Xiong, XX (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack)/J-9869-2012; Choi, Taeyoung/E-4437-2016
OI Choi, Taeyoung/0000-0002-4596-989X
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8343-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7826
AR 78261X
DI 10.1117/12.864172
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BTQ25
UT WOS:000287754800054
ER
PT B
AU Corke, T
Matlis, E
Schuele, CY
Wilkinson, S
Owens, L
Balakumar, P
AF Corke, Thomas
Matlis, Eric
Schuele, Chan-Yong
Wilkinson, Stephen
Owens, Lewis
Balakumar, P.
BE Schlatter, P
Henningson, DS
TI Control of Stationary Cross-flow Modes Using Patterned Roughness at Mach
3.5
SO SEVENTH IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION
SE IUTAM Bookseries
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition
CY JUN 23-26, 2009
CL Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, SWEDEN
SP Int Union Theoret & Appl Mech, Vetenskapsradet, Linne FLOW Ctr, Dantec Dynam, Cambridge Univ Press, Springer
HO Royal Inst Technol
AB Spanwise-periodic roughness designed to excite selected wave lengths of stationary cross-flow modes was investigated in a 3-D boundary layer at Mach 3 5. The test model was a sharp-tipped 14 degrees right-circular cone. The model and integrated sensor traversing system were placed in the Mach 3 5 Supersonic Low Disturbance Tunnel (SLDT) equipped with a "quiet design" nozzle at NASA Langley RC. The model was oriented at a 4.2 degrees angle of attack to produce a mean cross-flow velocity component in the boundary layer over the cone. Three removable cone tips have been investigated. One has a smooth surface that is used to document the baseline ("natural") conditions. The other two have minute "dimples" that are equally spaced around the circumference, at a streamwise location that is just upstream of the linear stability neutral growth branch for cross flow modes The azimuthal mode numbers of the dimpled tips were selected to either enhance the most amplified wave numbers or to suppress the growth of the most amplified wave numbers. The results indicate that the stationary cross-flow modes were highly receptive to the patterned roughness
C1 [Corke, Thomas; Matlis, Eric; Schuele, Chan-Yong] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Wilkinson, Stephen; Owens, Lewis; Balakumar, P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA.
RP Corke, T (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM ematlis@nd.edu
FU NASA NRA/Research Opportunities in Aeronautics Program Cooperative
Agreement [NNX08AB22A]
FX This work was supported under the NASA NRA/Research Opportunities in
Aeronautics Program Cooperative Agreement NNX08AB22A.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-90-481-3722-0
J9 IUTAM BOOKSER
PY 2010
VL 18
BP 123
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3723-7_18
PG 2
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BON88
UT WOS:000277097200018
ER
PT B
AU Li, F
Choudhari, MM
Chang, CL
Edwards, JR
AF Li, Fei
Choudhari, Meelan M.
Chang, Chau-Lyan
Edwards, Jack R.
BE Schlatter, P
Henningson, DS
TI Computational Analysis for Roughness-Based Transition Control
SO SEVENTH IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION
SE IUTAM Bookseries
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition
CY JUN 23-26, 2009
CL Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, SWEDEN
SP Int Union Theoret & Appl Mech, Vetenskapsradet, Linne FLOW Ctr, Dantec Dynam, Cambridge Univ Press, Springer
HO Royal Inst Technol
AB Suitably placed discrete roughness elements are known to delay or hasten the onset of transition, depending on requirements In this paper, 2D eigenvalue analysis is used to study the effects of surface roughness in the context of transition delay over subsonic and supersonic swept wing configurations, as well as boundary-layer tripping on the forebody of a hypersonic air breathing vehicle.
C1 [Li, Fei; Choudhari, Meelan M.; Chang, Chau-Lyan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Edwards, Jack R.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27693 USA.
RP Li, F (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RI Choudhari, Meelan/F-6080-2017
OI Choudhari, Meelan/0000-0001-9120-7362
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-90-481-3722-0
J9 IUTAM BOOKSER
PY 2010
VL 18
BP 237
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3723-7_37
PG 2
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BON88
UT WOS:000277097200037
ER
PT B
AU Nishino, T
Shariff, K
AF Nishino, Takafumi
Shariff, Karim
BE Schlatter, P
Henningson, DS
TI Direct Numerical Simulation of a Swept-Wing Boundary Layer with an Array
of Discrete Roughness Elements
SO SEVENTH IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION
SE IUTAM Bookseries
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition
CY JUN 23-26, 2009
CL Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, SWEDEN
SP Int Union Theoret & Appl Mech, Vetenskapsradet, Linne FLOW Ctr, Dantec Dynam, Cambridge Univ Press, Springer
HO Royal Inst Technol
ID CROSS-FLOW VORTICES; TRANSITION; MECHANISMS; STABILITY
AB Direct numerical simulations of crossflow-induced boundary layer transition are performed for a 45-degree swept wing with an array of discrete roughness elements placed near the leading edge, at a chord Reynolds number of 2 4 million A large part of the wing upper surface in the chordwise direction (hut with only less than two-percent chord in the spanwise direction) is resolved to simulate the growth and breakdown of crossflow vortices on the wing The procedures. initial results and some difficulties encountered during the study are described
C1 [Nishino, Takafumi; Shariff, Karim] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Nishino, T (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RI Nishino, Takafumi/A-2685-2012;
OI Nishino, Takafumi/0000-0001-6306-7702; Shariff,
Karim/0000-0002-7256-2497
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-90-481-3722-0
J9 IUTAM BOOKSER
PY 2010
VL 18
BP 289
EP 294
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3723-7_46
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BON88
UT WOS:000277097200046
ER
PT J
AU VanZwieten, JH
VanZwieten, TS
Balas, MJ
Driscoll, FR
AF VanZwieten, J. H., Jr.
VanZwieten, T. S.
Balas, M. J.
Driscoll, F. R.
TI Mitigation of vortex-induced disturbances for the rapidly deployable
stable platform
SO SHIPS AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE RDSP; spar; vortex-induced disturbances; disturbance rejection; phase
locked loop; adaptive control
ID PERIODIC DISTURBANCES; INDUCED VIBRATIONS; ADAPTIVE-CONTROL; REJECTION;
CANCELLATION; FREQUENCY; NOISE
AB The rapidly deployable stable platform (RDSP) is a concept vessel that is being developed for missions, such as at-sea cargo transfer, that will benefit from a stable spar-like platform that can transit under its own power at medium speeds (similar to 5-10 m/s). The stability and transit qualities of the RDSP extend from its two distinct modes of operation. These operating modes are the horizontal transit mode (HTM), where the RDSP is configured like a trimaran and the vertical operating mode (VOM), where the RDSP is configured like a spar buoy. In VOM, the RDSP will use the thrusters that are located on its spar section to manoeuvre at slow speeds, mitigate disturbances and dynamically position itself. When the RDSP is moving through the water in VOM, vortices will oscillate off of its spar section and produce forces that are primarily perpendicular to the direction of oncoming flow. Mitigating these disturbances is the focus of this work and is done using an adaptive control algorithm. This algorithm includes a disturbance rejection component that is capable of compensating for any unknown disturbance and phase information, as well as a phase locked loop (PLL) that improves the disturbance frequency estimate on-line. Using this technique, the vortex-induced motions are reduced to 18% of their open loop values using control inputs that are obtainable for the proposed RDSP thrusting system.
C1 [VanZwieten, J. H., Jr.; Driscoll, F. R.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean Engn, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
[VanZwieten, T. S.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Balas, M. J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP VanZwieten, JH (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean Engn, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
EM jvanzwi@fau.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0461]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Office of Naval Research, code
33, program manager Kelly Cooper for partially funding this work under
grant N00014-06-1-0461. They also acknowledge the NASA Graduate Student
Researchers Program and the Marshall Space Flight Center for partial
support of this research.
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1744-5302
J9 SHIPS OFFSHORE STRUC
JI Ships Offshore Struct.
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
BP 13
EP 24
DI 10.1080/17445300902943993
PG 12
WC Engineering, Marine
SC Engineering
GA 756XN
UT WOS:000290048200003
ER
PT J
AU Mattsson, K
Carpenter, MH
AF Mattsson, K.
Carpenter, Mark H.
TI STABLE AND ACCURATE INTERPOLATION OPERATORS FOR HIGH-ORDER MULTIBLOCK
FINITE DIFFERENCE METHODS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE high-order finite difference methods; block interface; numerical
stability; interpolation; adaptive grids
ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; BY-PARTS OPERATORS;
DISCONTINUOUS MEDIA; WAVE-PROPAGATION; SUMMATION; SCHEMES;
APPROXIMATIONS; STABILITY; DISSIPATION
AB Block-to-block interface interpolation operators are constructed for several common high-order finite difference discretizations. In contrast to conventional interpolation operators, these new interpolation operators maintain the strict stability, accuracy, and conservation properties of the base scheme even when nonconforming grids or dissimilar operators are used in adjoining blocks. The stability properties of the new operators are verified using eigenvalue analysis, and the accuracy properties are verified using numerical simulations of the Euler equations in two spatial dimensions.
C1 [Mattsson, K.] Swedish Def Res Agcy, Dept Underwater Res, SE-16490 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Carpenter, Mark H.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Computat Modeling & Simulat Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Mattsson, K (reprint author), Swedish Def Res Agcy, Dept Underwater Res, SE-16490 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM ken.mattsson@foi.se; mark.h.carpenter@nasa.gov
NR 40
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
EI 1095-7197
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 4
BP 2298
EP 2320
DI 10.1137/090750068
PG 23
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 636VJ
UT WOS:000280771100028
ER
PT B
AU Bareiss, R
Radley, M
AF Bareiss, Ray
Radley, Martin
BE Lewandowski, G
Wolfman, S
Cortina, TJ
Walker, EL
Musicant, DR
TI Coaching Via Cognitive Apprenticeship
SO SIGCSE 10: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 41ST ACM TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER
SCIENCE EDUCATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 41st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education
CY MAR 10-13, 2010
CL Milwaukee, WI
SP ACM SIGCSE
DE Software Engineering; Active Learning; Learning by Doing; Story-Centered
Curricula; Cognitive Apprenticeship; Information Systems; Graduate
Studies; Instructional Technologies; CS Ed Research; Professional
Practice; Experience Report
AB At Carnegie Mellon's Silicon Valley campus we employ a learn-by-doing educational approach in which nearly all student learning, and thus instruction, is in the context of realistic, team-based projects. Consequently, we have adopted coaching as our predominant teaching model.
In this paper we reflect on our experience with the nature of teaching by coaching using a framework derived from Cognitive Apprenticeship, and explain how we employ the techniques it suggests in our teaching. We also discuss a range of instructional tensions that arise in teaching by coaching and present a survey of student attitudes regarding the effectiveness of our approach.
C1 [Bareiss, Ray; Radley, Martin] Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Bareiss, R (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley, Bldg 23,NASA Ames Res Pk, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM ray.bareiss@sv.cmu.edu; martin.radley@sv.cmu.edu
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA
BN 978-1-60558-885-8
PY 2010
BP 162
EP 166
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Computer Science; Education & Educational Research
GA BQJ04
UT WOS:000281141300037
ER
PT S
AU Neudeck, PG
Krasowski, MJ
Chen, LY
Prokop, NF
AF Neudeck, Philip G.
Krasowski, Michael J.
Chen, Liang-Yu
Prokop, Norman F.
BE Bauer, AJ
Friedrichs, P
Krieger, M
Pensl, G
Rupp, R
Seyller, T
TI Characterization of 6H-SiC JFET Integrated Circuits Over A Broad
Temperature Range from-150 degrees C to+500 degrees C
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 13th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 11-16, 2009
CL Nurnberg, GERMANY
SP German Res Fdn, SiCED, Aixtron, GE, ECPE, Cree, Dow Corning, Fraunhofer Inst Integrated Syst & Device Technol, Lehrrieder, French German Res Inst St Louis, SiCrystal, LOT Oriel, Semi Directory
DE 6H-SiC; JFET; High Temperature; Low Temperature; Integrated Circuit;
Logic Gate
ID OPERATION
AB The NASA Glenn Research Center has previously reported prolonged stable operation of simple prototype 6H-SiC JFET integrated circuits (logic gates and amplifier stages) for thousands of hours at +500 degrees C. This paper experimentally investigates the ability of these 6H-SiC JFET devices and integrated circuits to also function at cold temperatures expected to arise in some envisioned applications. Prototype logic gate ICs experimentally demonstrated good functionality down to -125 degrees C without changing circuit input voltages. Cascaded operation of gates at cold temperatures was verified by externally wiring gates together to form a 3-stage ring oscillator. While logic gate output voltages exhibited little change across the broad temperature range from -125 degrees C to +500 degrees C, the change in operating frequency and power consumption of these non-optimized logic gates as a function of temperature was much larger and tracked JFET channel conduction properties.
C1 [Neudeck, Philip G.; Krasowski, Michael J.; Prokop, Norman F.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 77-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Chen, Liang-Yu] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, OAl, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Neudeck, PG (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 77-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM Neudeck@nasa.gov; Michael.J.Krasowski@nasa.gov; liangyu.Chen-1@nasa.gov
FU NASA Aeronautics Research Mission
FX This work funded by the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate in
both the Aviation Safety and Fundamental Aeronautics Programs under the
Subsonic Fixed Wing, Integrated Vehicle Health Management, and
Supersonics Projects. Work was carried out by the NASA Glenn Research
Center with the assistance of R. Buttler, A. Hammoud, R. Patterson, D.
Spry, R. Okojie, C. Chang. R. Meredith, T. Ferrier, D. Lukco, K. Laster,
J. Gonzalez, R. Lotenero, B. Osborn, M. Mrdenovich, D. Androjna, A.
Trunek, G. Hunter, and L. Matus.
NR 9
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2010
VL 645-648
BP 1135
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.645-648.1135
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA BPQ78
UT WOS:000279657600271
ER
PT B
AU Kelly, AC
Loverro, A
Case, WF
Queruel, N
Marechal, C
Barroso, T
AF Kelly, Angelita C.
Loverro, Adam
Case, Warren F.
Queruel, Nadege
Marechal, Chistophe
Barroso, Therese
BE Sandau, R
Roser, HP
Valenzuela, A
TI Small Earth Observing Satellites Flying with Large Satellites in the
A-Train
SO SMALL SATELLITE MISSIONS FOR EARTH OBSERVATION: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND
TRENDS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th IAA International Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth
Observation
CY MAY 04-08, 2009
CL Berlin, GERMANY
SP Int Acad Astronaut
AB This chapter presents Examples of the benefits of flying small satellites with other satellites, large and small. Scientists worldwide are beginning to take advantage of the opportunities for coincidental science offered by the international Earth observing constellation known as the A-Train. The A-Train comprises two large satellites (EOS-Aqua and EOS-Aura) flying with 4 small satellites (Cloud Sat, CALIPSO, PARASOL, and Glory). By flying in a constellation, each mission benefits from coincidental observations from instruments on the other satellites. The A-Train can be envisioned as a single, virtual science platform with mulTiple instruments. This chapter describes the challenges of operating an international constellation of independent satellites from the US and Europe to maximize the coincidental science opportunities while at the same time minimizing the operational interactions required between the teams. Constellation operations must be safe, but the team members must be able to conduct their respective science missions independently. The A-Train mission teams have also demonstrated that flying as members of a constellation does not take away the flexibility to accommodate new requirements.
C1 [Kelly, Angelita C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code Earth Sci Miss Operat ESMO Project 428, Miss Validat & Operat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Kelly, AC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code Earth Sci Miss Operat ESMO Project 428, Miss Validat & Operat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM angelita.c.kelly@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-642-03500-5
PY 2010
BP 19
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-03501-2_2
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BOJ21
UT WOS:000276821000002
ER
PT S
AU Wu, MC
Winfree, WP
Moore, JP
AF Wu, Meng-Chou
Winfree, William P.
Moore, Jason P.
BE Peters, KJ
Ecke, W
Matikas, TE
TI Fiber optic thermal health monitoring of composites
SO SMART SENSOR PHENOMENA, TECHNOLOGY, NETWORKS, AND SYSTEMS 2010
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Smart Sensor, Phenomena, Technology, Networks, and Systems
2010
CY MAR 08-10, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers
DE fiber Bragg grating; temperature sensor; thermal health monitoring;
thermography; composite; delamination
ID BRAGG GRATINGS; SENSORS; TEMPERATURE; FABRICATION; STRAIN
AB A recently developed technique is presented for thermographic detection of flaws in composite materials by performing temperature measurements with fiber optic Bragg gratings. Individual optical fibers with multiple Bragg gratings employed as surface temperature sensors were bonded to the surfaces of composites with subsurface defects. The investigated structures included a 10-ply composite specimen with subsurface delaminations of various sizes and depths. Both during and following the application of a thermal heat flux to the surface, the individual Bragg grating sensors measured the temporal and spatial temperature variations. The data obtained from grating sensors were analyzed with thermal modeling techniques of conventional thermography to reveal particular characteristics of the interested areas. Results were compared with the calculations using numerical simulation techniques. Methods and limitations for performing in-situ structural health monitoring are discussed.
C1 [Wu, Meng-Chou; Winfree, William P.; Moore, Jason P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Wu, MC (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 231, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Wu-1@nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8063-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7648
AR 764808
DI 10.1117/12.847322
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Remote Sensing; Optics;
Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications
GA BSQ91
UT WOS:000285507700006
ER
PT S
AU Rivas-Perea, P
Rosiles, JG
Murguia, MIC
Tilton, JJ
AF Rivas-Perea, Pablo
Rosiles, Jose G.
Chacon Murguia, Mario I.
Tilton, James J.
BE Melin, P
Kacprzyk, J
Pedrycz, W
TI Automatic Dust Storm Detection Based on Supervised Classification of
Multispectral Data
SO SOFT COMPUTING FOR RECOGNITION BASED ON BIOMETRICS
SE Studies in Computational Intelligence
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
AB This paper address the detection of dust storms based on a probabilistic analysis of multispectral images. We develop a feature set based on the analysis of spectral bands reported in the literature. These studies have focused on the visual identification of the image channels that reflect, the presence of dust storms through correlation with meteorological reports. Using this feature set we develop a Maximum Likelihood classifier and a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) to automate the dust storm detection process. The data sets are MODIS multispectral bands from NASA Terra satellite. Findings indicate that the PNN provides improved classification performance with reference to the ML classifier. Furthermore, the proposed schemes allow real-time processing of satellite data at 1 km resolutions which is an improvement compared to the 10 km resolution currently provided by other detection methods.
C1 [Rivas-Perea, Pablo; Rosiles, Jose G.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Chacon Murguia, Mario I.] Chihuahua Inst Technol, Grad Studies Dept, Chihuahua Chih, Mexico.
[Tilton, James J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Computat & Informat Sci & Technol Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Rivas-Perea, P (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
OI Rivas Perea, Pablo/0000-0002-8690-0987
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1860-949X
BN 978-3-642-15110-1
J9 STUD COMPUT INTELL
PY 2010
VL 312
BP 443
EP 454
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-15111-8_27
D2 10.1007/978-3-642-15111-8
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA BRI49
UT WOS:000282773300027
ER
PT S
AU Allen, C
Klaus, T
Jenkins, J
AF Allen, Christopher
Klaus, Todd
Jenkins, Jon
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Kepler Mission's Focal Plane Characterization Models Implementation
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; Focal Plane Characteristics; Calibration; NASA; Ames;
Kepler; CCD; transit photometry; infrastructure; software; Java; MATLAB;
extrasolar; space telescope
AB The Kepler Mission photometer is an unusually complex array of CCDs. A large number of time-varying instrumental and systematic effects must be modeled and removed from the Kepler pixel data to produce light curves of sufficiently high quality for the mission to be successful in its planet-finding objective. After the launch of the spacecraft, many of these effects are difficult to remeasure frequently, and various interpolations over a small number of sample measurements must be used to determine the correct value of a given effect at different points in time. A library of software modules, called Focal Plane Characterization (FC) Models, is the element of the Kepler Science Data Pipeline (hereafter "pipeline") that handles this. FC, or products generated by FC, are used by nearly every element of the SOC processing chain. FC includes Java components: database persistence classes, operations classes, model classes, and data importers; and MATLAB code: model classes, interpolation methods, and wrapper functions. These classes, their interactions, and the database tables they represent, are discussed. This paper describes how these data and the FC software work together to provide the pipeline with the correct values to remove non-photometric effects caused by the photometer and its electronics from the Kepler light curves. The interpolation mathematics is reviewed, as well as the special case of the sky-to-pixel/pixel-to-sky coordinate transformation code, which incorporates a compound model that is unique in the SOC software.
C1 [Allen, Christopher; Klaus, Todd] NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Allen, C (reprint author), NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, MS 244-30,POB 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Kester.Allen@nasa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401E
DI 10.1117/12.856325
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500048
ER
PT S
AU Bryson, ST
Jenkins, JM
Klaus, TC
Cote, MT
Quintana, EV
Hall, JR
Ibrahim, K
Chandrasekaran, H
Caldwell, DA
Van Cleve, JE
Haas, MR
AF Bryson, Stephen T.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Klaus, Todd C.
Cote, Miles T.
Quintana, Elisa V.
Hall, Jennifer R.
Ibrahim, Khadeejah
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Van Cleve, Jeffrey E.
Haas, Michael R.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Selecting Pixels for Kepler Downlink
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; exoplanet; transit; pixel selection
ID PERFORMANCE; SCIENCE
AB The Kepler mission monitors similar to 165, 000 stellar targets using 42 2200 x 1024 pixel CCDs. Onboard storage and bandwidth constraints prevent the storage and downlink of all 96 million pixels per 30-minute cadence, so the Kepler spacecraft downlinks a specified collection of pixels for each target. These pixels are selected by considering the object brightness, background and the signal-to-noise in each pixel, and maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the target. This paper describes pixel selection, creation of spacecraft apertures that efficiently capture selected pixels, and aperture assignment to a target. Engineering apertures, short-cadence targets and custom-specified shapes are discussed.
C1 [Bryson, Stephen T.; Cote, Miles T.; Haas, Michael R.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
RP Bryson, ST (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
EM Steve.Bryson@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 13
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401D
DI 10.1117/12.857625
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500047
ER
PT S
AU Chandrasekaran, H
Jenkins, JM
Li, J
Girouard, FR
Twicken, JD
Caldwell, DA
Allen, C
Bryson, ST
Klaus, TC
Cote, MT
Stroozas, BA
Hall, JR
Ibrahim, K
AF Chandrasekaran, Hema
Jenkins, Jon M.
Li, Jie
Girouard, Forrest R.
Twicken, Joseph D.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Allen, Christopher
Bryson, Stephen T.
Klaus, Todd C.
Cote, Miles T.
Stroozas, Brett A.
Hall, Jennifer R.
Ibrahim, Khadeejah
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Semi-weekly monitoring of the performance and attitude of Kepler using a
sparse set of targets
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; attitude reconstruction; exoplanet; transit; tracking
and trending; performance monitoring
ID SCIENCE
AB The Kepler spacecraft is in a heliocentric Earth-trailing orbit, continuously observing similar to 160,000 select stars over similar to 115 square degrees of sky using its photometer containing 42 highly sensitive CCDs. The science data from these stars, consisting of similar to 6 million pixels at 29.4-minute intervals, is downlinked only every similar to 30 days. Additional low-rate X-band communications contacts are conducted with the spacecraft twice a week to downlink a small subset of the science data. This paper describes how we assess and monitor the performance of the photometer and the pointing stability of the spacecraft using such a sparse data set.
C1 [Chandrasekaran, Hema; Jenkins, Jon M.; Li, Jie; Twicken, Joseph D.; Caldwell, Douglas A.] NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
RP Chandrasekaran, H (reprint author), NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
EM Jon.Jenkins@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401B
DI 10.1117/12.856741
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500045
ER
PT S
AU Clarke, BD
Allen, C
Bryson, ST
Caldwell, DA
Chandrasekaran, H
Cote, MT
Girouard, F
Jenkins, JM
Klaus, TC
Li, J
Middour, C
McCauliff, S
Quintana, EV
Tenenbaum, P
Twicken, JD
Wohler, B
Wu, HL
AF Clarke, Bruce D.
Allen, Christopher
Bryson, Stephen T.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Cote, Miles T.
Girouard, Forrest
Jenkins, Jon M.
Klaus, Todd C.
Li, Jie
Middour, Chris
McCauliff, Sean
Quintana, Elisa V.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Twicken, Joseph D.
Wohler, Bill
Wu, Hayley
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI A framework for propagation of uncertainties in the Kepler data analysis
pipeline
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; calibration; covariance; compression; framework; propagation of
uncertainties; MATLAB
AB The Kepler space telescope is designed to detect Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars using transit photometry by simultaneously observing more than 100,000 stellar targets nearly continuously over a three-and-a-half year period. The 96.4-megapixel focal plane consists of 42 Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD), each containing two 1024 x 1100 pixel arrays. Since cross-correlations between calibrated pixels are introduced by common calibrations performed on each CCD, downstream data processing requires access to the calibrated pixel covariance matrix to properly estimate uncertainties. However, the prohibitively large covariance matrices corresponding to the similar to 75,000 calibrated pixels per CCD preclude calculating and storing the covariance in standard lock-step fashion. We present a novel framework used to implement standard Propagation of Uncertainties (POU) in the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) data processing pipeline. The POU framework captures the variance of the raw pixel data and the kernel of each subsequent calibration transformation, allowing the full covariance matrix of any subset of calibrated pixels to be recalled on the fly at any step in the calibration process. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is used to compress and filter the raw uncertainty data as well as any data-dependent kernels. This combination of POU framework and SVD compression allows the downstream consumer access to the full covariance matrix of any subset of the calibrated pixels which is traceable to the pixel-level measurement uncertainties, all without having to store, retrieve, and operate on prohibitively large covariance matrices. We describe the POU framework and SVD compression scheme and its implementation in the Kepler SOC pipeline.
C1 [Clarke, Bruce D.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Li, Jie; Quintana, Elisa V.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Twicken, Joseph D.; Wu, Hayley] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Clarke, BD (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, M-S 244-30, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM bruce.d.clarke@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 774020
DI 10.1117/12.857758
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500068
ER
PT S
AU Jenkins, JM
Chandrasekara, H
McCauliff, SD
Caldwell, DA
Tenenbaum, P
Li, J
Klaus, TC
Cote, MT
Middour, C
AF Jenkins, Jon M.
Chandrasekara, Hema
McCauliff, Sean D.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Li, Jie
Klaus, Todd C.
Cote, Miles T.
Middour, Christopher
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Transiting planet search in the Kepler pipeline
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; exoplanet; transit; detection algorithm
ID SCIENCE
AB The Kepler Mission simultaneously measures the brightness of more than 160,000 stars every 29.4 minutes over a 3.5-year mission to search for transiting planets. Detecting transits is a signal-detection problem where the signal of interest is a periodic pulse train and the predominant noise source is non-white, non-stationary (1/f) type process of stellar variability. Many stars also exhibit coherent or quasi-coherent oscillations. The detection algorithm first identifies and removes strong oscillations followed by an adaptive, wavelet-based matched filter. We discuss how we obtain super-resolution detection statistics and the effectiveness of the algorithm for Kepler flight data.
C1 [Jenkins, Jon M.; Chandrasekara, Hema; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Li, Jie] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Jenkins, JM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, M-S 244-30, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM Jon.Jenkins@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 17
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77400D
DI 10.1117/12.856764
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500011
ER
PT S
AU Klaus, TC
Cote, MT
McCauliff, S
Girouard, FR
Wohler, B
Allen, C
Chandrasekaran, H
Bryson, ST
Middour, C
Caldwell, DA
Jenkins, JM
AF Klaus, Todd C.
Cote, Miles T.
McCauliff, Sean
Girouard, Forrest R.
Wohler, Bill
Allen, Christopher
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Bryson, Stephen T.
Middour, Christopher
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Jenkins, Jon M.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI The Kepler Science Operations Center pipeline framework extensions
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; pipelines; distributed processing; cluster computing;
photometry; framework
AB The Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) is responsible for several aspects of the Kepler Mission, including managing targets, generating onboard data compression tables, monitoring photometer health and status, processing science data, and exporting Kepler Science Processing Pipeline products to the Multi-mission Archive at Space Telescope [Science Institute] (MAST). We describe how the pipeline framework software developed for the Kepler Mission is used to achieve these goals, including development of pipeline configurations for processing science data and performing other support roles, and development of custom unit-of-work generators for controlling how Kepler data are partitioned and distributed across the computing cluster. We describe the interface between the Java software that manages data retrieval and storage for a given unit of work and the MATLAB algorithms that process the data. The data for each unit of work are packaged into a single file that contains everything needed by the science algorithms, allowing the files to be used to debug and evolve the algorithms offline.
C1 [Klaus, Todd C.; McCauliff, Sean; Girouard, Forrest R.; Wohler, Bill; Allen, Christopher; Middour, Christopher] NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Klaus, TC (reprint author), NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Todd.C.Klaus@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 774018
DI 10.1117/12.856639
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500042
ER
PT S
AU Klaus, TC
McCauliff, S
Cote, MT
Girouard, FR
Wohler, B
Allen, C
Middour, C
Caldwell, DA
Jenkins, JM
AF Klaus, Todd C.
McCauliff, Sean
Cote, Miles T.
Girouard, Forrest R.
Wohler, Bill
Allen, Christopher
Middour, Christopher
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Jenkins, Jon M.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Kepler Science Operations Center pipeline framework
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; pipelines; distributed processing; cluster computing;
photometry; framework
AB The Kepler Mission is designed to continuously monitor up to 170,000 stars at a 30-minute cadence for 3.5 years searching for Earth-size planets. The data are processed at the Science Operations Center at NASA Ames Research Center. Because of the large volume of data and the memory needed, as well as the CPU-intensive nature of the analyses, significant computing hardware is required. We have developed generic pipeline framework software that is used to distribute and synchronize processing across a cluster of CPUs and provide data accountability for the resulting products. The framework is written in Java and is, therefore, platform-independent. The framework scales from a single, standalone workstation (for development and research on small data sets) to a full cluster of homogeneous or heterogeneous hardware with minimal configuration changes. A plug-in architecture provides customized, dynamic control of the unit of work without the need to modify the framework. Distributed transaction services provide for atomic storage of pipeline products for a unit of work across a relational database and the custom Kepler DB. Generic parameter management and data accountability services record parameter values, software versions, and other metadata used for each pipeline execution. A graphical user interface allows for configuration, execution, and monitoring of pipelines. The framework was developed for the Kepler Mission based on Kepler requirements, but the framework itself is generic and could be used for a variety of applications where these features are needed.
C1 [Klaus, Todd C.; McCauliff, Sean; Girouard, Forrest R.; Wohler, Bill; Allen, Christopher; Middour, Christopher] NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Klaus, TC (reprint author), NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Todd.C.Klaus@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 774017
DI 10.1117/12.856634
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500041
ER
PT S
AU Li, J
Allen, C
Bryson, ST
Caldwell, DA
Chandrasekaran, H
Clarke, BD
Gunter, JP
Jenkins, JM
Klaus, TC
Quintana, EV
Tenenbaum, P
Twicken, JD
Wohler, B
Wu, HL
AF Li, Jie
Allen, Christopher
Bryson, Stephen T.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Clarke, Bruce D.
Gunter, Jay P.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Klaus, Todd C.
Quintana, Elisa V.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Twicken, Joseph D.
Wohler, Bill
Wu, Hayley
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Photometer performance assessment in Kepler science data processing
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; photometer performance assessment; instrument metric; attitude
determination
AB This paper describes the algorithms of the Photometer Performance Assessment (PPA) software component in the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) Science Processing Pipeline. The PPA performs two tasks: One is to analyze the health and performance of the Kepler photometer based on the long cadence science data down-linked via Ka band approximately every 30 days. The second is to determine the attitude of the Kepler spacecraft with high precision at each long cadence. The PPA component has demonstrated the capability to work effectively with the Kepler flight data.
C1 [Li, Jie; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Clarke, Bruce D.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Twicken, Joseph D.; Wu, Hayley] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
RP Li, J (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Mail Stop 244-30,POB 1, Moffett Field, CA 94305 USA.
EM jie.li-1@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401T
DI 10.1117/12.856788
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500062
ER
PT S
AU McCauliff, S
Cote, MT
Girouard, FR
Middour, C
Klaus, TC
Wohler, B
AF McCauliff, Sean
Cote, Miles T.
Girouard, Forrest R.
Middour, Christopher
Klaus, Todd C.
Wohler, Bill
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI The Kepler DB, a database management system for arrays, sparse arrays,
and binary data
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; database; non-relational; time series; Java; photometry;
transactional
AB The Kepler Science Operations Center stores pixel values on approximately six million pixels collected every 30 minutes, as well as data products that are generated as a result of running the Kepler science processing pipeline. The Kepler Database management system (Kepler DB) was created to act as the repository of this information. After one year of flight usage, Kepler DB is managing 3 TiB of data and is expected to grow to over 10 TiB over the course of the mission. Kepler DB is a non-relational, transactional database where data are represented as one-dimensional arrays, sparse arrays or binary large objects. We will discuss Kepler DB's APIs, implementation, usage and deployment at the Kepler Science Operations Center.
C1 [McCauliff, Sean; Cote, Miles T.; Girouard, Forrest R.; Middour, Christopher; Klaus, Todd C.; Wohler, Bill] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP McCauliff, S (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM sean.d.mccauliff@nasa.gov
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77400M
DI 10.1117/12.856792
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500020
ER
PT S
AU Middour, C
Klaus, TC
Jenkins, J
Pletcher, D
Cote, M
Chandrasekaran, H
Wohler, B
Girouard, F
Gunter, JP
Uddin, K
Allen, C
Hall, J
Ibrahim, K
Clarke, B
Li, J
McCauliff, S
Quintana, E
Sommers, J
Stroozas, B
Tenenbaum, P
Twicken, J
Wu, HL
Caldwell, D
Bryson, S
Bhavsar, P
Wu, MC
Stamper, B
Trombly, T
Page, C
Santiago, E
AF Middour, Christopher
Klaus, Todd C.
Jenkins, Jon
Pletcher, David
Cote, Miles
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Wohler, Bill
Girouard, Forrest
Gunter, Jay P.
Uddin, Kamal
Allen, Christopher
Hall, Jennifer
Ibrahim, Khadeejah
Clarke, Bruce
Li, Jie
McCauliff, Sean
Quintana, Elisa
Sommers, Jeneen
Stroozas, Brett
Tenenbaum, Peter
Twicken, Joseph
Wu, Hayley
Caldwell, Doug
Bryson, Stephen
Bhavsar, Paresh
Wu, Michael
Stamper, Brian
Trombly, Terry
Page, Christopher
Santiago, Elaine
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Kepler Science Operations Center Architecture
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE NASA; Kepler; transit photometry; architecture; Java; MATLAB;
extrasolar; space telescope
AB We give an overview of the operational concepts and architecture of the Kepler Science Processing Pipeline. Designed, developed, operated, and maintained by the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) at NASA Ames Research Center, the Science Processing Pipeline is a central element of the Kepler Ground Data System. The SOC consists of an office at Ames Research Center, software development and operations departments, and a data center which hosts the computers required to perform data analysis. The SOC's charter is to analyze stellar photometric data from the Kepler spacecraft and report results to the Kepler Science Office for further analysis. We describe how this is accomplished via the Kepler Science Processing Pipeline, including the hardware infrastructure, scientific algorithms, and operational procedures. We present the high-performance, parallel computing software modules of the pipeline that perform transit photometry, pixel-level calibration, systematic error correction, attitude determination, stellar target management, and instrument characterization. We show how data processing environments are divided to support operational processing and test needs. We explain the operational timelines for data processing and the data constructs that flow into the Kepler Science Processing Pipeline.
C1 [Middour, Christopher; Klaus, Todd C.; Wohler, Bill; Girouard, Forrest; Gunter, Jay P.; Uddin, Kamal; Allen, Christopher; Hall, Jennifer; Ibrahim, Khadeejah; McCauliff, Sean; Sommers, Jeneen; Stroozas, Brett] NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Middour, C (reprint author), NASA, Orbital Sci Corp, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM chris.middour@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401A
DI 10.1117/12.856529
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500044
ER
PT S
AU Niessner, AF
AF Niessner, Albert F.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI A high-availability, distributed hardware control system using Java
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE high-availability; distributed computing; hardware control; Java
AB Two independent coronagraph experiments that require 24/7 availability with different optical layouts and different motion control requirements are commanded and controlled with the same Java software system executing on many geographically scattered computer systems interconnected via TCP/IP. High availability of a distributed system requires that the computers have a robust communication messaging system making the mix of TCP/IP (a robust transport), and XML (a robust message) a natural choice. XML also adds the configuration flexibility. Java then adds object-oriented paradigms, exception handling, heavily tested libraries, and many third party tools for implementation robustness. The result is a software system that provides users 24/7 access to two diverse experiments with XML files defining the differences. (C) 2010 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Niessner, AF (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77403C
DI 10.1117/12.856451
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500111
ER
PT S
AU Tenenbaum, P
Jenkins, JM
AF Tenenbaum, Peter
Jenkins, Jon M.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Focal plane geometry characterization of the Kepler Mission
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; ccd; alignment; focal plane geometry
ID SCIENCE
AB The Kepler Mission focal plane contains 42 charge-coupled device (CCD) photodetectors. Each CCD is composed of 2.2 million square pixels, 27 micrometers on a side, arranged in a grid of 2,200 columns by 1,044 rows. The science goals of the Kepler Mission require that the position of each CCD be determined with an accuracy of 0.1 pixels, corresponding to 2.7 micrometers or 0.4 seconds of arc, a level which is not achievable through pre-flight metrology. We describe a technique for determining the CCD positioning using images of the Kepler field of view (FOV) obtained in flight. The technique uses the fitted centroid row and column positions of 400 pre-selected stars on each CCD to obtain empirical polynomials which relate sky coordinates (right ascension and declination) to chip coordinates (row and column). The polynomials are in turn evaluated to produce constraints for a nonlinear model fit which directly determines the model parameters describing the location and orientation of each CCD. The focal plane geometry characterization algorithm is itself embedded in an iterative process which determines the focal plane geometry and the Pixel Response Function for each CCD in a self-consistent manner. In addition to the fully automated calculation, a person-in-the-loop implementation was developed to allow an initial determination of the geometry in the event of large misalignments, achieving a much looser capture tolerance for more modest accuracy and reduced automation.
C1 [Tenenbaum, Peter; Jenkins, Jon M.] NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Tenenbaum, P (reprint author), NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30,POB 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM peter.tenenbaum@nasa.gov
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401C
DI 10.1117/12.856702
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500046
ER
PT S
AU Tenenbaum, P
Bryson, ST
Chandrasekaran, H
Li, J
Quintana, E
Twicken, JD
Jenkins, JM
AF Tenenbaum, Peter
Bryson, Stephen T.
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Li, Jie
Quintana, Elisa
Twicken, Joseph D.
Jenkins, Jon M.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI An algorithm for the fitting of planet models to Kepler light curves
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler mission; exoplanet; transit; model fit; transit photometry
AB We describe an algorithm which fits model planetary system parameters to light curves from Kepler Mission target stars. The algorithm begins by producing an initial model of the system which is used to seed the fit, with particular emphasis on obtaining good transit timing parameters. An attempt is then made to determine whether the observed transits are more likely due to a planet or an eclipsing binary. In the event that the transits are consistent with a transiting planet, an iterative fitting process is initiated: a wavelet-based whitening filter is used to eliminate stellar variations on timescales long compared to a transit; a robust nonlinear fitter operating on the whitened light curve produces a new model of the system; and the procedure iterates until convergence upon a self-consistent whitening filter and planet model. The fitted transits are removed from the light curve and a search for additional planet candidates is performed upon the residual light curve. The fitted models are used in additional tests which identify false positive planet detections: multiple planet candidates with near-identical fitted periods are far more likely to be an eclipsing binary, for example, while target stars in which the model light curve is correlated with the star centroid position may indicate a background eclipsing binary, and subtraction of all model planet candidates yields a light curve of pure noise and stellar variability, which can be used to study the probability that the planet candidates result from statistical fluctuations in the data.
C1 [Tenenbaum, Peter; Bryson, Stephen T.; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Li, Jie; Quintana, Elisa; Twicken, Joseph D.; Jenkins, Jon M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Tenenbaum, P (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM peter.tenenbaum@nasa.gov
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77400J
DI 10.1117/12.856705
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500017
ER
PT S
AU Twicken, JD
Clarke, BD
Bryson, ST
Tenenbaum, P
Wu, HL
Jenkins, JM
Girouard, F
Klaus, TC
AF Twicken, Joseph D.
Clarke, Bruce D.
Bryson, Stephen T.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Wu, Hayley
Jenkins, Jon M.
Girouard, Forrest
Klaus, Todd C.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Photometric analysis in the Kepler Science Operations Center pipeline
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; transit photometry; light curve; raw flux; photocenter; centroid
ID INITIAL CHARACTERISTICS; CADENCE DATA
AB We describe the Photometric Analysis (PA) software component and its context in the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) Science Processing Pipeline. The primary tasks of this module are to compute the photometric flux and photocenters (centroids) for over 160,000 long cadence(similar to thirty minute) and 512 short cadence (similar to one minute) stellar targets from the calibrated pixels in their respective apertures. We discuss science algorithms for long and short cadence PA: cosmic ray cleaning; background estimation and removal; aperture photometry; and flux-weighted centroiding. We discuss the end-to-end propagation of uncertainties for the science algorithms. Finally, we present examples of photometric apertures, raw flux light curves, and centroid time series from Kepler flight data. PA light curves, centroid time series, and barycentric timestamp corrections are exported to the Multi-mission Archive at Space Telescope [Science Institute] (MAST) and are made available to the general public in accordance with the NASA/Kepler data release policy.
C1 [Twicken, Joseph D.; Clarke, Bruce D.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Wu, Hayley; Jenkins, Jon M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Twicken, JD (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM joseph.twicken@nasa.gov
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 774023
DI 10.1117/12.856790
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500070
ER
PT S
AU Twicken, JD
Chandrasekaran, H
Jenkins, JM
Gunter, JP
Girouard, F
Klaus, TC
AF Twicken, Joseph D.
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Jenkins, Jon M.
Gunter, Jay P.
Girouard, Forrest
Klaus, Todd C.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Presearch data conditioning in the Kepler Science Operations Center
pipeline
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler; transit photometry; light curve; systematic error correction
ID INITIAL CHARACTERISTICS; CADENCE DATA
AB We describe the Presearch Data Conditioning (PDC) software component and its context in the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) Science Processing Pipeline. The primary tasks of this component are to correct systematic and other errors, remove excess flux due to aperture crowding, and condition the raw flux light curves for over 160,000 long cadence(similar to thirty minute) and 512 short cadence (similar to one minute) stellar targets. Long cadence corrected flux light curves are subjected to a transiting planet search in a subsequent pipeline module. We discuss science algorithms for long and short cadence PDC: identification and correction of unexplained (i.e., unrelated to known anomalies) discontinuities; systematic error correction; and removal of excess flux due to aperture crowding. We discuss the propagation of uncertainties from raw to corrected flux. Finally, we present examples from Kepler flight data to illustrate PDC performance. Corrected flux light curves produced by PDC are exported to the Multi-mission Archive at Space Telescope [Science Institute] (MAST) and are made available to the general public in accordance with the NASA/Kepler data release policy.
C1 [Twicken, Joseph D.; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Jenkins, Jon M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Twicken, JD (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM joseph.twicken@nasa.gov
NR 13
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 77401U
DI 10.1117/12.856798
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500063
ER
PT S
AU Wu, HL
Twicken, JD
Tenenbaum, P
Clarke, BD
Li, J
Quintana, EV
Allen, C
Chandrasekaran, H
Jenkins, JM
Caldwell, DA
Wohler, B
Girouard, F
McCauliff, S
Cote, MT
Klaus, TC
AF Wu, Hayley
Twicken, Joseph D.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Clarke, Bruce D.
Li, Jie
Quintana, Elisa V.
Allen, Christopher
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Jenkins, Jon M.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Wohler, Bill
Girouard, Forrest
McCauliff, Sean
Cote, Miles T.
Klaus, Todd C.
BE Radziwill, NM
Bridger, A
TI Data validation in the Kepler Science Operations Center pipeline
SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy
CY JUN 27-30, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE photometry; data validation; Kepler; Earth-size planets
AB We present an overview of the Data Validation (DV) software component and its context within the Kepler Science Operations Center (SOC) pipeline and overall Kepler Science mission. The SOC pipeline performs a transiting planet search on the corrected light curves for over 150,000 targets across the focal plane array. We discuss the DV strategy for automated validation of Threshold Crossing Events (TCEs) generated in the transiting planet search. For each TCE, a transiting planet model is fitted to the target light curve. A multiple planet search is conducted by repeating the transiting planet search on the residual light curve after the model flux has been removed; if an additional detection occurs, a planet model is fitted to the new TCE. A suite of automated tests are performed after all planet candidates have been identified. We describe a centroid motion test to determine the significance of the motion of the target photocenter during transit and to estimate the coordinates of the transit source within the photometric aperture; a series of eclipsing binary discrimination tests on the parameters of the planet model fits to all transits and the sequences of odd and even transits; and a statistical bootstrap to assess the likelihood that the TCE would have been generated purely by chance given the target light curve with all transits removed.
C1 [Wu, Hayley; Twicken, Joseph D.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Clarke, Bruce D.; Li, Jie; Quintana, Elisa V.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Caldwell, Douglas A.] NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Wu, HL (reprint author), NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, MS 244-30,POB 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM hayley.wu@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 16
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-230-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7740
AR 774019
DI 10.1117/12.856630
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics
GA BSU84
UT WOS:000285839500043
ER
PT S
AU Ganesan, D
Lindvall, M
McComas, D
Bartholomew, M
Slegel, S
Medina, B
AF Ganesan, Dharmalingam
Lindvall, Mikael
McComas, David
Bartholomew, Maureen
Slegel, Steve
Medina, Barbara
BE Bosch, J
Lee, JJ
TI Architecture-Based Unit Testing of the Flight Software Product Line
SO SOFTWARE PRODUCT LINES: GOING BEYOND
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Software Product Lines Conference
CY SEP 13-17, 2010
CL Jeju Island, SOUTH KOREA
SP Korean Inst Informat Sci & Engn, CoSDEC, Hitachi Ltd, Carnegie Mellon, Software Engn Inst, BigLever Software Inc, IBM, Fraunhofer Inst Appl Informat Technol
DE unit testing; implemented architecture; mock; function hook; coverage;
flight software
AB This paper presents an analysis of the unit testing approach developed and used by the Core Flight Software (CFS) product line team at the NASA GSFC. The goal of the analysis is to understand, review, and recommend strategies for improving the existing unit testing infrastructure as well as to capture lessons learned and best practices that can be used by other product line teams for their unit testing. The CFS unit testing framework is designed and implemented as a set of variation points, and thus testing support is built into the product line architecture. The analysis found that the CFS unit testing approach has many practical and good solutions that are worth considering when deciding how to design the testing architecture for a product line, which are documented in this paper along with some suggested improvements.
C1 [Ganesan, Dharmalingam; Lindvall, Mikael] Fraunhofer Ctr Expt Software Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[McComas, David; Bartholomew, Maureen; Slegel, Steve; Medina, Barbara] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Ganesan, D (reprint author), Fraunhofer Ctr Expt Software Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM dganesan@fc-md.umd.edu; mlindvall@fc-md.umd.edu;
david.c.mccomas@nasa.gov; o.bartholomew@nasa.gov; steve.slegel@nasa.gov;
barbara.b.medina@nasa.gov
FU NASA IVV; NASA GSFC; GSFC CFS; RPA; Stanford University
FX Lisa Montgomery and her NASA IV&V team and Sally Godfrey NASA GSFC for
supporting this work; Charles Wildermann, all members of the GSFC CFS
team for comments and discussions; Rene Krikhaar for the RPA toolkit;
The Prefuse visualization team, at Stanford University, for making it
available to us; Lyly Yonkwa for fruitful discussions; three anonymous
reviewers for comments.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15578-9
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6287
BP 256
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BTD71
UT WOS:000286579500018
ER
PT B
AU Williams, PE
Pesnell, WD
AF Williams, Peter E.
Pesnell, W. Dean
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Photospheric Manifestations of Supergranules during the Last Two Solar
Minima
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Ne Harbor, MA
ID SPHERICAL HARMONIC-ANALYSIS; FLOWS; ROTATION
AB Solar supergranulation plays an important role in generating and structuring the solar magnetic field and as a mechanism responsible for the 11-year solar cycle. It is clearly detected within SOHO/MDI Dopplergrams, from which a variety of properties may be derived. Techniques that; extract spatial, temporal, and kinematic characteristics and provide comparisons for the two most recent solar minima are described. Although supergranule lifetimes are comparable between these minima, their sizes may be slightly smaller during the recent minimum.
C1 [Williams, Peter E.; Pesnell, W. Dean] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Williams, PE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Pesnell, William/D-1062-2012
OI Pesnell, William/0000-0002-8306-2500
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 127
EP 131
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900019
ER
PT B
AU Gibson, SE
Webb, DF
Thompson, BJ
AF Gibson, S. E.
Webb, D. F.
Thompson, B. J.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI The Whole Heliosphere Interval in the Context of the Current Solar
Minimum
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID SUN MONTH CAMPAIGN; CORONAL HOLE; INTERPLANETARY SCINTILLATION;
LATITUDINAL DEPENDENCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; OUTFLOW VELOCITIES;
ELECTRON-DENSITY; WIND; RECONSTRUCTION; SPECTROMETER
AB The current solar minimum may not be "peculiar" when considered on scales of a century or more. However, the opportunity for discovery yielded by its extended nature, in combination with the abundance of modern observations, cannot be overstated. In this paper, we describe the Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI), an in-depth study of the Sun-Earth system for a solar rotation in March/April 2008. We discuss how WHI fits within the broader context of the current deep, long, and complex solar minimum.
C1 [Gibson, S. E.] NCAR, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO USA.
[Webb, D. F.] Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA USA.
[Thompson, B. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Gibson, SE (reprint author), NCAR, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO USA.
RI Thompson, Barbara/C-9429-2012
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 223
EP +
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900034
ER
PT B
AU Hathaway, DH
AF Hathaway, David H.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Does the Current Minimum Validate (or Invalidate) Cycle Prediction
Methods?
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID SOLAR-CYCLE; FORECAST
AB This deep, extended solar minimum and the slow start to Cycle 24 strongly suggest that Cycle 24 will be a small cycle. A wide array of solar cycle prediction techniques have been applied to predicting the amplitude of Cycle 24 with widely different results. Current conditions and new observations indicate that some highly regarded techniques now appear to have doubtful utility. Geomagnetic precursors have been reliable in the past and can be tested with 12 cycles of data. Of the three primary geomagnetic precursors only one (the minimum level of geomagnetic activity) suggests a. small cycle. The Sun's polar field strength has also been used to successfully predict the last three cycles. The current weak polar fields are indicative of a. small cycle. For the first time, dynamo models have been used to predict the size of a solar cycle but with opposite predictions depending on the model and the data assimilation. However, new measurements of the surface meridional flow indicate that the flow was substantially faster on the approach to Cycle 24 minimum than at Cycle 23 minimum. In both dynamo predictions a. faster meridional flow should have given a shorter cycle 23 with stronger polar fields. This suggests that these dynamo models are not yet ready for solar cycle prediction.
C1 NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Hathaway, DH (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 307
EP 314
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900045
ER
PT B
AU Ofman, L
Kramar, M
AF Ofman, Leon
Kramar, Maxim
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Modeling the Slow Solar Wind during the Solar Minimum
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Ne Harbor, MA
ID ULTRAVIOLET CORONAGRAPH SPECTROMETER; STREAMERS
AB During the solar minimum, STEREO observations show that the three-dimensional structure of the solar corona can be described well by a tilted bipolar magnetic configuration. The slow solar wind is modeled using a three-fluid model that includes heavy ions such as He II and O VI. The model is initialized with a dipole magnetic field and spherically symmetric density. The resulting steady state, non-potential, and non-uniform streamer configuration calculated with this model is compared to STEREO observations of the streamer density structure. SOHO/UVCS observations are used to compare the O VI emission to model results. We discuss the unique properties of the solar wind produced in this configuration.
C1 [Ofman, Leon; Kramar, Maxim] Catholic Univ Amer, NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Ofman, L (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, NASA GSFC, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 321
EP 324
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900047
ER
PT S
AU Gopalswamy, N
AF Gopalswamy, Nat
BE Kosoviechev, AG
Andrei, AH
Rozelot, JP
TI The CME link to geomagnetic storms
SO SOLAR AND STELLAR VARIABILITY: IMPACT ON EARTH AND PLANETS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 264th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY AUG 03-07, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP Int Astron Union, Observ Nacl, IAU Div II, III & IV
DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); solar wind; magnetic fields;
interplanetary medium
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC CLOUDS; SOLAR-WIND; FLUX; FIELD;
SOLAR-CYCLE-23; ORIGIN
AB The coronal mass ejection (CME) link to geomagnetic storms stems from the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field contained in the CME flux ropes and in the sheath between the flux rope and the CME-driven shock. A typical storm-causing CME is characterized by (i) high speed, (ii) large angular width (mostly halos and partial halos), and (iii) solar source location close to the central meridian. For CMEs originating at larger central meridian distances, the storms are mainly caused by the sheath field. Both the magnetic and energy contents of the storm-producing CMEs can be traced to the magnetic structure of active regions and the free energy stored in them.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Gopalswamy, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM nat.gopalswamy@nasa.gov
RI Gopalswamy, Nat/D-3659-2012
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76492-6
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 264
BP 326
EP 335
DI 10.1017/S1743921309992870
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB12
UT WOS:000280547700057
ER
PT S
AU McKay, DS
Riofrio, L
Cooper, BL
AF McKay, David S.
Riofrio, Louise
Cooper, Bonnie L.
BE Kosoviechev, AG
Andrei, AH
Rozelot, JP
TI Does the lunar regolith contain secrets of the Solar System? Using the
Moon as a cosmic witness plate
SO SOLAR AND STELLAR VARIABILITY: IMPACT ON EARTH AND PLANETS
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 264th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY AUG 03-07, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP Int Astron Union, Observ Nacl, IAU Div II, III & IV
DE Moon; meteors; meteoroids; solar system: formation
AB The lunar regolith (soil) has recorded a history of the early Moon, the Earth, and the entire solar system. A major goal of the developing lunar exploration program should be to find and play back existing fragments of that tape. By playing back the lunar tape, we can uncover a record of planetary bombardment, as well as solar and stellar variability. The Moon can tell us much about our place in the solar system and in the Universe. The lunar regolith has likely recorded the original meteoritic bombardment; of Earth and Moon, a. violent cataclysm that may have peaked around 4 GY, and the less intense bombardment occurring since that time. Decrease in bombardment allowed life to develop on Earth. This impact history is preserved as megaregolith layers, ejecta layers, impact melt rocks, and ancient impact breccias. The impact history for the Earth and Moon possibly had profound effects on the origin and development of life. Life may have arrived via meteorite transport from a more quiet body, such as Mars. The solar system may have experienced bursts of severe radiation from the Sun, other stars or from unknown sources. The lunar regolith has also recorded a radiation history in the form of implanted and trapped solar wind and solar flare materials and radiation damage. The Moon can be considered as a giant tape recorder containing the history of the solar system. Lunar soil generated by small impacts will be found sandwiched between layers of basalt or pyroclastic deposits. This filling constitutes a buried time capsule that is likely to contain well-preserved ancient regolith. Study of such samples will show us how the solar system has evolved and changed over time. The lunar recording can provide detailed snapshots of specific portions of solar and stellar variability.
C1 [McKay, David S.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP McKay, DS (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM L.M.Riofrio@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76492-6
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 264
BP 475
EP 477
DI 10.1017/S1743921309993140
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQB12
UT WOS:000280547700084
ER
PT J
AU Pulkkinen, A
Oates, T
Taktakishvili, A
AF Pulkkinen, A.
Oates, T.
Taktakishvili, A.
TI Automatic Determination of the Conic Coronal Mass Ejection Model
Parameters
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coronal mass ejection; Cone model; Machine vision; Inversion techniques
ID RECOGNITION
AB Characterization of the three-dimensional structure of solar transients using incomplete plane of sky data is a difficult problem whose solutions have potential for societal benefit in terms of space weather applications. In this paper transients are characterized in three dimensions by means of conic coronal mass ejection (CME) approximation. A novel method for the automatic determination of cone model parameters from observed halo CMEs is introduced. The method uses both standard image processing techniques to extract the CME mass from white-light coronagraph images and a novel inversion routine providing the final cone parameters. A bootstrap technique is used to provide model parameter distributions. When combined with heliospheric modeling, the cone model parameter distributions will provide direct means for ensemble predictions of transient propagation in the heliosphere.
An initial validation of the automatic method is carried by comparison to manually determined cone model parameters. It is shown using 14 halo CME events that there is reasonable agreement, especially between the heliocentric locations of the cones derived with the two methods. It is argued that both the heliocentric locations and the opening half-angles of the automatically determined cones may be more realistic than those obtained from the manual analysis.
C1 [Pulkkinen, A.; Taktakishvili, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Space Weather Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Pulkkinen, A.; Taktakishvili, A.] Univ Maryland, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Oates, T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Pulkkinen, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Space Weather Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM antti.a.pulkkinen@nasa.gov
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
EI 1573-093X
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 261
IS 1
BP 115
EP 126
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9473-z
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534QQ
UT WOS:000272912600008
ER
PT J
AU Chandra, R
Pariat, E
Schmieder, B
Mandrini, CH
Uddin, W
AF Chandra, R.
Pariat, E.
Schmieder, B.
Mandrini, C. H.
Uddin, W.
TI How Can a Negative Magnetic Helicity Active Region Generate a Positive
Helicity Magnetic Cloud?
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Active regions; magnetic fields; Coronal mass ejections; interplanetary;
Flares; dynamics, relation to magnetic field; Helicity; magnetic
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; INDUCTION EQUATION; SOLAR-FLARES; FLUX-DENSITY;
FILAMENTS; PROMINENCE; RECONNECTION; FIELDS; MODEL; ORIENTATION
AB The geoeffective magnetic cloud (MC) of 20 November 2003 was associated with the 18 November 2003 solar active events in previous studies. In some of these, it was estimated that the magnetic helicity carried by the MC had a positive sign, as did its solar source, active region (AR) NOAA 10501. In this article we show that the large-scale magnetic field of AR 10501 has a negative helicity sign. Since coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are one of the means by which the Sun ejects magnetic helicity excess into interplanetary space, the signs of magnetic helicity in the AR and MC must agree. Therefore, this finding contradicts what is expected from magnetic helicity conservation. However, using, for the first time, correct helicity density maps to determine the spatial distribution of magnetic helicity injections, we show the existence of a localized flux of positive helicity in the southern part of AR 10501. We conclude that positive helicity was ejected from this portion of the AR leading to the observed positive helicity MC.
C1 [Chandra, R.; Schmieder, B.] Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR8109, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Pariat, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Space Weather Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Pariat, E.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Mandrini, C. H.] UBA, CONICET, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Uddin, W.] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci ARIES, Naini Tal 263129, India.
RP Chandra, R (reprint author), Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR8109, F-92195 Meudon, France.
EM chandra.ramesh@obspm.fr; epariat@helio.gsfc.nasa.gov;
brigitte.schmieder@obspm.fr; mandrini@iafe.uba.ar; wahab@aries.ernet.in
NR 88
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 261
IS 1
BP 127
EP 148
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9470-2
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534QQ
UT WOS:000272912600009
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, WT
Wei, K
AF Thompson, W. T.
Wei, K.
TI Use of the FITS World Coordinate System by STEREO/SECCHI
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRESENTATIONS; MISSION
AB The World Coordinate System (WCS) is a standard for embedding coordinate information in a Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) header. Its first extensive use within solar physics is by the Sun Earth Connections Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) telescope suite onboard the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). The WCS formalism assists in SECCHI data analysis in several ways: First of all, the spherical effects associated with the extremely wide fields-of-view of the Heliospheric Imager (HI) telescopes can be handled in a completely unambiguous and standard fashion. Of particular importance is that WCS positional keywords allow spacecraft-ephemeris information to be embedded within the FITS header without depending on mission-specific keywords. Ephemeris data is critical to the three-dimensional analysis that the STEREO mission is designed for. We also show how the WCS software in SolarSoft can be used to relate STEREO data to other missions such as the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The ability of WCS to support a parallel celestial right ascension (R.A.)/declination (Dec) coordinate system and the use of WCS for COR1 synoptic maps are also discussed. The advantages that STEREO derived from WCS can equally be applied to other solar missions, in particular Solar Orbiter, and should be adopted by all future missions.
C1 [Thompson, W. T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Adnet Syst Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wei, K.] Univ Maryland, Adnet Syst Inc, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Thompson, WT (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Adnet Syst Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM William.T.Thompson@nasa.gov
RI Thompson, William/D-7376-2012
FU NASA [NNG06EB68C]
FX The STEREO/SECCHI data used here are produced by an international
consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar
and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA),
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK),
Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Centre Spatiale
de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France),
and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). This work was supported
by NASA grant NNG06EB68C.
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
EI 1573-093X
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 261
IS 1
BP 215
EP 222
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9476-9
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534QQ
UT WOS:000272912600014
ER
PT J
AU Goldblatt, C
Zahnle, KJ
Sleep, NH
Nisbet, EG
AF Goldblatt, C.
Zahnle, K. J.
Sleep, N. H.
Nisbet, E. G.
TI The Eons of Chaos and Hades
SO SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
AB We propose the Chaotian Eon to demarcate geologic time from the origin of the Solar System to the Moon-forming impact on Earth. This separates the solar system wide processes of planet formation from the subsequent divergent evolution of the inner planets. We further propose the division of the Hadean Eon into eras and periods and naming the proto-Earth Tellus.
C1 [Goldblatt, C.; Zahnle, K. J.] NASA, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Sleep, N. H.] Stanford Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nisbet, E. G.] Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
RP Goldblatt, C (reprint author), NASA, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Ames Res Ctr, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM colin.goldblatt@nasa.gov
FU NASA postdoctoral program fellowship; Ames Team of the NASA Astrobiology
Institute
FX C. G. was funded by a NASA postdoctoral program fellowship. K. J. Z. was
funded by the Ames Team of the NASA Astrobiology Institute. We thank
Kerri Cahoy for comments on the manuscript.
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 10
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1869-9510
J9 SOLID EARTH
JI Solid Earth
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1
EP 3
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA V25LQ
UT WOS:000208479900001
ER
PT S
AU Li, SX
Vasilyev, AA
Stephen, MA
Yu, AW
Krainak, MA
Shaw, GB
Rosanova, AA
Filemyr, TI
AF Li, Steven X.
Vasilyev, Aleksey A.
Stephen, Mark A.
Yu, Anthony W.
Krainak, Michael A.
Shaw, George B.
Rosanova, Alberto A.
Filemyr, Timothy I.
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI A Highly Reliable Single Mode Laser for Space Applications
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space Laser System; Single Frequency; Ring Amplifier; Etalon Output
Coupler; LIDAR; Wind
AB A compact, passively q-switched, single mode laser has been developed for space based lidar applications. The Nd:YAG laser produces 50mJ pulse-energy at 100 Hz repetition rate in a near diffraction limited beam with more than 99.99% of the pulses in a single longitudinal mode. This laser was initially developed as a candidate for the ICESat-2 mission, which requires five years continuous operation in space. The laser is based on two newly developed technologies, Etalon Coupled High Output (ECHO) oscillator and Ring Amplified Solid State Laser (RASSL). In this paper, we will present the laser design and discuss the laser performance and experimental results. We will also present a unique laser package concept.
C1 [Li, Steven X.; Stephen, Mark A.; Yu, Anthony W.; Krainak, Michael A.; Shaw, George B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Li, SX (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM steven.x.li@nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 757808
DI 10.1117/12.843683
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100004
ER
PT S
AU Prasad, NS
Roychoudhuri, C
AF Prasad, Narasimha S.
Roychoudhuri, Chandrasekhar
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Time-gating processes in intra-cavity mode-locking devices like
saturable absorbers and Kerr cells
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Photons; light-matter interaction; Mode-locking; Kerr devices
AB Photons are non-interacting entities. Light beams do not interfere by themselves. Light beams constituting different laser modes (frequencies) are not capable of re-arranging their energies from extended time-domain to ultra-short time-domain by themselves without the aid of light-matter interactions with suitable intra-cavity devices. In this paper we will discuss the time-gating properties of intra-cavity "mode-locking" devices that actually help generate a regular train of high energy wave packets.
C1 [Prasad, Narasimha S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Prasad, NS (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM narasimha.s.prasad@nasa.gov; chandra@phys.uconn.edu
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 75781C
DI 10.1117/12.846584
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100037
ER
PT S
AU Seas, A
Yu, AW
Melak, A
Mostofi, D
Troupaki, E
Vasilyev, A
Conley, H
AF Seas, Antonios
Yu, Anthony W.
Melak, Anthony
Mostofi, David
Troupaki, Elisavet
Vasilyev, Aleksey
Conley, Heather
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Extended Testing of Laser Systems for Space Applications
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Solid State Laser; LIDAR; Remote Sensing; Space Laser Systems; Laser
Altimeter; Space-Qualified Lasers
ID TRANSMITTER; ALTIMETER
AB Over the last two decades NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has developed several laser systems for space application. The aging behavior of a laser system varies depending on the complexity of the system and the technologies used. One limitation of reliability models trying to predict system performance has been the lack of test data. Extended testing is an effective way to determine the reliability, and long term stability of laser systems. In this paper the results from extended testing of two laser system are presented. One system has been operating for over two and a half billion shots in air while the second system has accumulated half a billion shots while operating in a vacuum environment.
C1 [Seas, Antonios; Yu, Anthony W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Seas, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 757806
DI 10.1117/12.842622
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100003
ER
PT S
AU Seas, A
Troupaki, E
Vasilyev, AA
Conley, H
AF Seas, Antonios
Troupaki, Elisavet
Vasilyev, Aleksey A.
Conley, Heather
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Quasi-CW laser diode arrays for space applications
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Laser diode array (LDA); quasi-continuous wave (QCW); diode-pumped; LDA
reliability; LDA characterization; space-qualification; solid state
laser
AB NASA's space-borne laser missions have been dominated by low repetition rate (<100Hz) Q-switched laser systems, which use Nd:YAG laser crystals, and are pumped by quasi-continuous wave (QCW) 808 nm laser diode arrays (LDAs). The diode group at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been responsible for the screening and qualification of LDAs for several missions. The main goal has been to identify LDAs that can withstand the harsh space environment, and minimize risks associated with LDA degradation or failure. This paper presents a summary of recent research activities, and describes the results from extended testing of multiple LDAs in air and vacuum environments.
C1 [Seas, Antonios] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Seas, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 757805
DI 10.1117/12.842060
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100002
ER
PT S
AU Yu, AW
Stephen, MA
Li, SX
Shaw, GB
Seas, A
Dowdye, E
Troupaki, E
Liiva, P
Poulios, D
Mascetti, K
AF Yu, Anthony W.
Stephen, Mark A.
Li, Steve X.
Shaw, George B.
Seas, Antonios
Dowdye, Edward
Troupaki, Elisavet
Liiva, Peter
Poulios, Demetrios
Mascetti, Kathy
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Space Laser Transmitter Development for ICESat-2 Mission
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE LIDAR; Remote Sensing; Space Laser Systems; Laser Altimeter;
Space-Qualified Lasers; Micropulse Lidar
ID MICROCHIP LASERS; ND; POWER; ALTIMETER; SYSTEM
AB The first NASA Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) was launched in January 2003 and placed into a near-polar orbit whose primary mission was the global monitoring of the Earth's ice sheet mass balance. ICESat has accumulated over 1.8 B shots in space and provided a valuable dataset in the study of ice sheet dynamics over the past few years. NASA is planning a follow-on mission ICESat-2 to be launched tentatively in 2015. In this paper we will discuss the development effort of the laser transmitters for the ICESat-2 mission.
C1 [Yu, Anthony W.; Stephen, Mark A.; Li, Steve X.; Shaw, George B.; Seas, Antonios; Dowdye, Edward] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Laser & Electroopt Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Yu, AW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Laser & Electroopt Branch, MC554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM anthony.w.yu@nasa.gov
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 7
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 757809
DI 10.1117/12.843342
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100005
ER
PT S
AU Yu, AW
Krainak, MA
Harding, DJ
Abshire, JB
Sun, XL
Valett, S
Cavanaugh, J
Ramos-Izquierdo, L
AF Yu, Anthony W.
Krainak, Michael A.
Harding, David J.
Abshire, James B.
Sun, Xiaoli
Valett, Susan
Cavanaugh, John
Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis
BE Clarkson, WA
Hodgson, N
Shori, RK
TI Spaceborne laser instruments for high-resolution mapping
SO SOLID STATE LASERS XIX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XIX - Technology and Devices
CY JAN 24-28, 2010
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Laser altimeter; space laser; topography
ID ND-YAG LASER; MESSENGER MISSION; ALTIMETER; MERCURY
AB We discuss past, present and future spaceborne laser instruments for high-resolution mapping of Earth and planetary surfaces. Previous spaceborne-laser-altimeters projected and imaged a single laser spot for surface-height measurements. In contrast, the recent Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) uses a non-scanning multi-beam system for surface topography mapping. The multi-beam instrument facilitates surface slope measurement and reduces the time-to-completion for global high-resolution topographic mapping. We discuss our first-year progress on a three-year swath-mapping laser-altimetry Instrument Incubator Program (IIP) funded by the NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO). Our IIP is a technology development program supporting the LIdar Surface Topography (LIST) space-flight mission that is a third-tier mission as recommended by the National Research Council (NRC) for NASA's Earth Science programs.
C1 [Yu, Anthony W.; Krainak, Michael A.; Cavanaugh, John] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Yu, AW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM anthony.w.yu@nasa.gov
RI Sun, Xiaoli/B-5120-2013; Abshire, James/I-2800-2013; Harding,
David/F-5913-2012
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7974-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7578
AR 757802
DI 10.1117/12.843191
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BSM47
UT WOS:000284936100001
ER
PT B
AU Hopelain, D
AF Hopelain, David
BA Sortino, F
BF Sortino, F
TI The Proper Role of Regulation in Financial Markets
SO SORTINO FRAMEWORK FOR CONSTRUCTING PORTFOLIOS: FOCUSING ON DESIRED
TARGET RETURN TO OPTIMIZE UPSIDE POTENTIAL RELATIVE TO DOWNSIDE RISK
SE Elsevier Finance
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
AB David Hopelain explains the difference between risk and danger in financial markets by comparing investing to race car driving. Risk can be managed, but dangerous situations require government intervention.
The previous chapters in this book have advanced new concepts and methods for investment decision making and portfolio management as the next steps in the evolution of financial management. This chapter proposes a framework for understanding the role of the regulators of financial markets. The current financial crisis reveals that the process of regulating decision making in investment markets is essential; however, before undertaking the complex issue of adopting new rules, the role of regulation and the regulator must be defined. Not until the regulator's role is understood will financial markets function as intended. To fulfill their intended purpose financial markets must satisfy the interests of:
Those whose funds are invested
Those who use the funds that are invested
Those who make the day-to-day decisions linking these two groups
C1 [Hopelain, David] Univ So Calif, Annenberg Sch Commun, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Hopelain, David] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Hopelain, D (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Annenberg Sch Commun, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-096168-2
J9 ELSEV FINANC
PY 2010
BP 103
EP 113
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374992-5.00008-9
D2 10.1016/B978-0-12-374992-5.00001-6
PG 11
WC Business, Finance
SC Business & Economics
GA BGC18
UT WOS:000322227700009
ER
PT S
AU Pauken, M
Emis, N
Van Luvender, M
Polk, J
Del Castillo, L
AF Pauken, Mike
Emis, Nick
Van Luvender, Marissa
Polk, Jay
Del Castillo, Linda
BE Robertson, GA
TI Thermal Control Technology Developments for a Venus Lander
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Applicat in Micrograv/7th Symp on New Frontiers
in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High Frequency
Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Venus Lander; Thermal Control Architecture; Phase Change Materials;
Insulation
ID PRESSURE
AB The thermal control system for a Venus Lander is critical to mission success and the harsh operating environment presents significant thermal design and implementation challenges. A successful thermal architecture draws heavily from previous missions to the Venus surface such as Pioneer Venus and the Soviet Venera Landers. Future Venus missions will require more advanced thermal control strategies to allow greater science return than previous missions and will need to operate for more than one or two hours as previous missions have done. This paper describes a Venus Lander thermal architecture including the technology development of a phase change material system for absorbing the heat generated within the Lander itself and an insulation system for resisting the heat penetrating the Lander from the Venus environment. The phase change energy storage system uses lithium nitrate that can absorb twice the amount of energy per unit mass in comparison to paraffin based systems. The insulation system uses a porous silica material capable of handling a high temperature and high pressure gas environment while maintaining low thermal conductivity.
C1 [Pauken, Mike; Emis, Nick; Van Luvender, Marissa; Polk, Jay; Del Castillo, Linda] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Pauken, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Michael.pauken@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 68
EP 75
DI 10.1063/1.3326290
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100007
ER
PT S
AU Bugby, DC
Farmer, JT
O'Connor, BF
Wirzburger, MJ
Abel, ED
Stouffer, CJ
AF Bugby, D. C.
Farmer, J. T.
O'Connor, B. F.
Wirzburger, M. J.
Abel, E. D.
Stouffer, C. J.
BE Robertson, GA
TI Two-Phase Thermal Switching System for a Small, Extended Duration Lunar
Surface Science Platform
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Lunar Lander; Thermal Control; Thermal Switch; Two-Phase Heat Transfer;
Variable Conductance; Heat Pipe
AB This paper describes a novel thermal control system for the Warm Electronics Box (WEB) on board a small lunar surface lander intended to support science activities anywhere on the lunar surface for an extended duration of up to 6 years. Virtually all lander electronics, which collectively dissipate about 60 W in the reference mission, are contained within the WEB. These devices must be maintained below 323 K (with a goal of 303 K) during the nearly 15-earth-day lunar day, when surface temperatures can reach 390K, and above 263 K during the nearly 15-earth-day lunar night, when surface temperatures can reach 100K. Because of the large temperature swing from lunar day-to-night, a novel thermal switching system was required that would be able to provide high conductance from the WEB to the radiator(s) during the hot lunar day and low (or negligible) conductance during the cold lunar night. The concept that was developed consists of ammonia variable conductance heat pipes (VCHPs) to collect heat from WEB components and a polymer wick propylene loop heat pipe (LHP) to transport the collected heat to the radiator(s). The VCHPs autonomously maximize transport when the WEB is warm and autonomously shut down when the WEB gets cold. The LHP autonomously shuts down when the VCHPs shut down. When the environment transitions from lunar night to day, the VCHPs and LHP autonomously turn back on. Out of 26 analyzed systems, this novel arrangement was able to best achieve the combined goals of zero control power, autonomous operation, long life, low complexity, low Delta T, and landed tilt tolerance.
C1 [Bugby, D. C.; Stouffer, C. J.] ATK Space, 5050 Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Farmer, J. T.; O'Connor, B. F.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, MFSC, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Bugby, DC (reprint author), ATK Space, 5050 Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM david.bugby@atk.corn; jeffery.t.farmer@nasa.gov;
brian.f.oconnor@nasa.gov; melissa.wirzburger@jhuapl.edu;
elisabeth.abel@jhuapl.edu; chuck.stouffer@atk.com
FU NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the funding support of
the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in the carrying out of this
research.
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 76
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326291
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100008
ER
PT S
AU Chandrasekhar, P
Zay, BJ
Barbolt, S
Werner, R
Caldwell, E
AF Chandrasekhar, Prasanna
Zay, Brian J.
Barbolt, Scott
Werner, Robert
Caldwell, Edmonia
BE Robertson, GA
TI Variable Emittance Skins for Active Thermal Control in Spacecraft Based
on Conducting Polymers, Ionic Liquids and Specialized Coatings
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Variable; Emittance; Electrochromic; Spacecraft; Thermal; Control;
Conducting; Polymer; Ionic; Liquid
ID ELECTROCHROMISM
AB The performance of unique, variable emittance electrochromic "skins", based on Conducting Polymers (CPs) as the active electrochromic material coupled with several different ionic liquids as the electrolyte and unique surface coatings that minimize the solar absorptance alpha(s), is described. These have wide operating temperature, operate in space vacuum without any seals, have alpha(s) values as low as 0.3. The skins show tailorable emittance epsilon variations from 0.19 to 0.90 with Delta epsilon up to 0.5. Extended thermal vacuum, atomic-O, micrometeoroid, VUV and other studies show excellent space durability. Tests results on these skins obtained at several independent laboratories, at various aerospace firms in the U.S. and Europe and at another NASA center, are also briefly described herein.
C1 [Chandrasekhar, Prasanna; Zay, Brian J.; Barbolt, Scott; Werner, Robert] Ashwin Ushas Corp Inc, 500 James St Suite 7, Lakewood, NJ 08701 USA.
[Caldwell, Edmonia] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Chandrasekhar, P (reprint author), Ashwin Ushas Corp Inc, 500 James St Suite 7, Lakewood, NJ 08701 USA.
EM chandra.p2@ashwin-ushas.com
FU NASA-Goddard; NASA-Johnson
FX The authors thank NASA-Goddard and NASA-Johnson for partial funding of
this work. They also express profuse thanks to Rubik Sheth and Ryan
Stephan of NASA-Johnson, and to Jean-Paul Dudon of Thales Alenia, for
permission to use their results on our variable emittance skins.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 99
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326293
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100010
ER
PT S
AU Cole, JW
Silvera, IF
AF Cole, J. W.
Silvera, I. F.
BE Robertson, GA
TI Future Propellants for Launch Vehicles - Metallic Hydrogen with Water
and Hydrocarbon Diluents
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Metallic Hydrogen; Propulsion; Launch Vehicle Concepts; Energetic
Materials; HEDM; Rocket Engines
ID SOLID HYDROGEN; GPA; H-2
AB Earlier papers have shown that the energy released from recombination of the atomic hydrogen formed when metallic hydrogen is raised above the critical metastabability temperature yields a far greater specific energy and specific impulse than the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen. Experimental efforts continue towards the challenging goal of producing metallic hydrogen in the laboratory. Progress in 2009 has significantly extended the hydrogen high pressure melt line, a path towards metallic hydrogen. The temperature of the recombination reaction of pure metallic hydrogen will be much higher than existing rocket engine materials can withstand. The approach examined here is to dilute the metallic hydrogen, lowering the reaction temperature. Water, hydrocarbons, and liquid molecular hydrogen diluents are shown to provide an attractive specific impulse without exceeding acceptable material technology temperature limits. Analysis of a two-stage mission to the lunar surface with a liquid hydrogen diluted second-stage shows a slight advantage of water and hydrocarbon mixtures as first-stage diluents compared with water only first-stage diluents. Such two-stage in-line vehicles, a little taller than the space shuttle, could deliver very large payloads to the lunar surface or to geosynchronous orbits using the predicted characteristics of diluted metallic hydrogen.
C1 [Cole, J. W.] NASA, MSFC, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA.
[Silvera, I. F.] Harvard Univ, Lyman Lab Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM John.Cole.hsv@gmail.com; silvera@physics.harvard.edu
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 107
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326239
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100011
ER
PT S
AU Arentz, R
Reitsema, H
Van Cleve, J
Linfield, R
AF Arentz, Robert
Reitsema, Harold
Van Cleve, Jeffrey
Linfield, Roger
BE Robertson, GA
TI NEO Survey: An Efficient Search for Near-Earth Objects by an IR
Observatory in a Venus-like Orbit
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Near-Earth Objects; Spacebased NEO Survey; Infrared NEO Detection;
Venus-Like Orbits for NEO Detection; Planetary Defense; Low-Altitude
Airbursts; Requirements of the George E. Brown Bill; PDC in Grenada;
Spain
ID MAGNITUDE
AB In 2003 NASA commissioned a Science Definition Team (SDT) (Stokes, et al., 2003) to study the threats posed by Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), recommend efficient methods for detecting NEOs down to 140 meters in diameter, and suggest conceptual mitigation techniques. In this same time frame, Congress set the goal of cataloguing 90% of all NEOs down to 140 meters diameter by 2020. The SDT concluded that the infrared passband from similar to 5 to similar to 11 microns is the best for finding NEOs; that an aperture of 50 centimeters is sufficient; and that locating a NEO-finding observatory in a Venus-like orbit is ideal. Since then, NASA and its industrial partners (such as Ball Aerospace) have flown two very NEO-relevant deep-space missions the Spitzer Space Telescope and Kepler. Herein, a high-reliability, credibly-costed design is presented based on Spitzer and Kepler that meets the 90%/140-m/2020 requirements for about $600M. This design will also detect about 85% of all >100 meter NEOs, about 70% of all >65 meter NEOs, and about 50% of all >50 meter NEOs. These smaller NEOs constitute a newly recognized threat regime that cannot be efficiently found from the ground.
C1 [Arentz, Robert; Reitsema, Harold; Linfield, Roger] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, 1600 Commerce St, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Van Cleve, Jeffrey] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Arentz, R (reprint author), Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, 1600 Commerce St, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM rarentz@ball.com; hreitsema@aol.com; rlinfiel@ball.com
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 418
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326270
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100038
ER
PT S
AU Clark, PE
Millar, PS
Beaman, B
Yeh, PS
Cooper, L
Feng, S
Young, E
AF Clark, P. E.
Millar, P. S.
Beaman, B.
Yeh, P. S.
Cooper, L.
Feng, S.
Young, E.
BE Robertson, GA
TI Ultra Low Temperature Ultra Low Power Instrument Packages for Planetary
Surfaces
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Applicat in Micrograv/7th Symp on New Frontiers
in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High Frequency
Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Moon; Lunar Surface; Instrumentation; Space Physics; Space Environment;
Space Radiation; Atmosphere; Magnetic Field; Plasma; Dust; Geophysics;
Interior; Heat Flow; Seismometry; Astrophysics
AB Achievement of solar system exploration roadmap goals will involve robotic or human deployment and long-term operation of surface science packages remote from human presence, thus requiring autonomous, self-powered operation. The major challenge such packages face will be operating during long periods of darkness in extreme cold potentially without the Pu238 based power and thermal systems available to Apollo era packages (ALSEP). Development of such science payloads will thus require considerable optimization of instrument and subsystem design, packaging and integration for a variety of planetary surface environments in order to support solar system exploration fully. Our work supports this process through the incorporation of low temperature operational components and design strategies which radically minimize power, mass, and cost while maximizing the performance under extreme surface conditions that are in many cases more demanding than those routinely experienced by spacecraft in deep space. Chief instruments/instrument package candidates include those which could provide long-term monitoring of the surface and subsurface environments for fundamental science and human crew safety. The initial attempt to design a 10 instrument environmental monitoring package with a solar/battery based power system led to a package with a unacceptably large mass (500 kg) of which over half was battery mass. In phase 1, a factor of 5 reduction in mass was achieved, first through the introduction of high performance electronics capable of operating at far lower temperature and then through the use of innovative thermal balance strategies involving the use of multi-layer thin materials and gravity-assisted heat pipes. In phase 2, reported here, involves strategies such as universal incorporation of ULT/ULP digital and analog electronics, and distributed or non-conventionally packaged power systems. These strategies will be required to meet the far more challenging thermal requirements of operating through a normal 28 day diurnal cycle. The limited temperature range of efficient battery operation remains the largest obstacle.
C1 [Clark, P. E.; Millar, P. S.; Beaman, B.; Yeh, P. S.; Cooper, L.; Feng, S.; Young, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 695, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Pamela.E.Clark@nasa.gov
RI Millar, Pamela/B-4426-2013
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 541
EP 548
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100049
ER
PT S
AU Clark, PE
Curtis, SA
Minetto, F
Marshall, J
Nuth, J
Calle, C
AF Clark, P. E.
Curtis, S. A.
Minetto, F.
Marshall, J.
Nuth, J.
Calle, C.
BE Robertson, GA
TI SPARCLE: Electrostatic Dust Control Tool Proof of Concept
SO SPACE, PROPULSION & ENERGY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL FORUM SPESIF- 2010
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Conf on Thermophys Application in Microgravity/7th Symp on New
Frontiers in Space Propuls Sci/2nd Symp on Astrosociol/1st Symp on High
Frequency Gravitat Waves
CY FEB 23-25, 2010
CL Johns Hopkins APL, Laurel, MD
SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Astrosociol Res Inst
HO Johns Hopkins APL
DE Moon; Lunar Surface; Dust Control; Plasma; Regolith; Space Environment;
Electrostatic; Mechanical
ID LUNAR DUST; SPACECRAFT; SURFACE; WAKE
AB Successful exploration of most planetary surfaces, with their impact-generated dusty regoliths, will depend on the capabilities to keep surfaces free of the performance-compromising dust. Once in contact with surfaces, whether set in motion by natural or mechanical means, regolith fines, or dust, behave like abrasive Velcro, coating surfaces, clogging mechanisms, making movement progressively more difficult, and being almost impossible to remove by mechanical means (brushing). The successful dust removal strategy will deal with dust dynamics resulting from interaction between Van der Waals and Coulombic forces. Here, proof of concept for an electrostatically-based concept for dust control tool is described and demonstrated. A low power focused electron beam is used in the presence of a small electrical field to increase the negative charge to mass ratio of a dusty surface until dust repulsion and attraction to a lower potential surface, acting as a dust collector, occurred. Our goal is a compact device of <5 kg mass and using <5 watts of power to be operational in <5 years with heritage from ionic sweepers for active spacecraft potential control (e.g., on POLAR). Rovers could be fitted with devices that could harness the removal of dust for sampling as part of the extended exploration process on Mercury, Mars, asteroids or outer solar system satellites, as well as the Moon.
C1 [Clark, P. E.] Catholic Univ Amer, Code 695, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Curtis, S. A.; Minetto, F.; Nuth, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Marshall, J.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94943 USA.
[Calle, C.] NASA, KSC, Cape Kennedy, FL 32899 USA.
RP Clark, PE (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Code 695, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM pamela.clark@gsfc.nasa.gov
RI Nuth, Joseph/E-7085-2012
FU NASA ESMD ETDP [695]; NASA/KSC [544]; NASA/GSFC IRAD [588]
FX The authors thank the NASA ESMD ETDP program, our NASA/KSC colleagues,
the NASA/GSFC IRAD program, and GSFC Codes 695, 544, and 588 for their
support.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0749-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1208
BP 549
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3326283
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BQB43
UT WOS:000280566100050
ER
PT B
AU Shivers, CH
AF Shivers, Charles Herbert
BE Pelton, JN
Jakhu, RS
TI NASA space safety standards and procedures for human-rating requirements
SO SPACE SAFETY REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Safety & Mission Assurance Directorate, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Shivers, CH (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Safety & Mission Assurance Directorate, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN
PI BURLINGTON
PA 30 CORPORATE DRIVE, STE 400, BURLINGTON, MA 01803 USA
BN 978-0-08-096192-7
PY 2010
BP 3
EP 15
DI 10.1016/B978-1-85617-752-8.10001-7
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BER12
UT WOS:000317836900003
ER
PT J
AU Mendell, W
AF Mendell, Wendell
TI Foreword: An Exploration-Driven Renaissance in Lunar Science
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NASA, JSC, Houston, TX USA.
RP Mendell, W (reprint author), NASA, JSC, Houston, TX USA.
EM wendell.w.mendell@nasa.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 3
EP 6
DI 10.1007/s11214-010-9639-x
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700002
ER
PT J
AU Vondrak, R
Keller, J
Chin, G
Garvin, J
AF Vondrak, Richard
Keller, John
Chin, Gordon
Garvin, James
TI Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO): Observations for Lunar Exploration
and Science
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Moon; Lunar; Remote sensing; Spacecraft
AB The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) was implemented to facilitate scientific and engineering-driven mapping of the lunar surface at new spatial scales and with new remote sensing methods, identify safe landing sites, search for in situ resources, and measure the space radiation environment. After its successful launch on June 18, 2009, the LRO spacecraft and instruments were activated and calibrated in an eccentric polar lunar orbit until September 15, when LRO was moved to a circular polar orbit with a mean altitude of 50 km. LRO will operate for at least one year to support the goals of NASA's Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD), and for at least two years of extended operations for additional lunar science measurements supported by NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD). LRO carries six instruments with associated science and exploration investigations, and a telecommunications/radar technology demonstration. The LRO instruments are: Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER), Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment (DLRE), Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP), Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND), Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA), and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC). The technology demonstration is a compact, dual-frequency, hybrid polarity synthetic aperture radar instrument (Mini-RF). LRO observations also support the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS), the lunar impact mission that was co-manifested with LRO on the Atlas V (401) launch vehicle. This paper describes the LRO objectives and measurements that support exploration of the Moon and that address the science objectives outlined by the National Academy of Science's report on the Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon (SCEM). We also describe data accessibility by the science and exploration community.
C1 [Vondrak, Richard; Keller, John; Chin, Gordon; Garvin, James] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Vondrak, R (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM richard.vondrak@nasa.gov
RI Chin, Gordon/E-1520-2012; Keller, John/I-5097-2013
NR 1
TC 52
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 7
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s11214-010-9631-5
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700003
ER
PT J
AU Tooley, CR
Houghton, MB
Saylor, RS
Peddie, C
Everett, DF
Baker, CL
Safdie, KN
AF Tooley, Craig R.
Houghton, Martin B.
Saylor, Richard S., Jr.
Peddie, Cathy
Everett, David F.
Baker, Charles L.
Safdie, Kristina N.
TI Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission and Spacecraft Design
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Lunar; Spacecraft; Mission design
AB Launched June 18, 2009, with its primary mission scheduled to end September 2010, NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter will be the first observatory ever to spend an entire year orbiting and observing the Moon at a low altitude of just 50 km. The spacecraft carries a wide variety of scientific instruments and will provide an extraordinary opportunity to study the lunar landscape at resolutions and over time scales never achieved before. This paper is intended as a companion to the series of papers released simultaneously in this journal detailing LRO's instruments and their planned measurements. The paper describes the design and key performance drivers of the LRO spacecraft and overall mission design. It presents a comprehensive description of the operation of the various systems that comprise the spacecraft and illustrates how these systems enable achievement of the mission requirements.
C1 [Tooley, Craig R.; Houghton, Martin B.; Peddie, Cathy; Everett, David F.; Baker, Charles L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Saylor, Richard S., Jr.] Honeywell Technol Solut Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Safdie, Kristina N.] Alliant Techsyst Inc, Beltsville, MD USA.
RP Tooley, CR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM craig.r.tooley@nasa.gov
NR 10
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 23
EP 62
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9624-4
PG 40
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700004
ER
PT J
AU Zuber, MT
Smith, DE
Zellar, RS
Neumann, GA
Sun, XL
Katz, RB
Kleyner, I
Matuszeski, A
McGarry, JF
Ott, MN
Ramos-Izquierdo, LA
Rowlands, DD
Torrence, MH
Zagwodzki, TW
AF Zuber, Maria T.
Smith, David E.
Zellar, Ronald S.
Neumann, Gregory A.
Sun, Xiaoli
Katz, Richard B.
Kleyner, Igor
Matuszeski, Adam
McGarry, Jan F.
Ott, Melanie N.
Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis A.
Rowlands, David D.
Torrence, Mark H.
Zagwodzki, Thomas W.
TI The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Laser Ranging Investigation
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Moon; Laser ranging; Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter; Orbit determination
ID MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR; GRAVITY-FIELD; ALTIMETER; MISSION; PROSPECTOR;
INSTRUMENT
AB The objective of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Laser Ranging (LR) system is to collect precise measurements of range that allow the spacecraft to achieve its requirement for precision orbit determination. The LR will make one-way range measurements via laser pulse time-of-flight from Earth to LRO, and will determine the position of the spacecraft at a sub-meter level with respect to ground stations on Earth and the center of mass of the Moon. Ranging will occur whenever LRO is visible in the line of sight from participating Earth ground tracking stations. The LR consists of two primary components, a flight system and ground system. The flight system consists of a small receiver telescope mounted on the LRO high-gain antenna that captures the uplinked laser signal, and a fiber optic cable that routes the signal to the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument on LRO. The LOLA instrument receiver records the time of the laser signal based on an ultrastable crystal oscillator, and provides the information to the onboard LRO data system for storage and/or transmittal to the ground through the spacecraft radio frequency link. The LR ground system consists of a network of satellite laser ranging stations, a data reception and distribution facility, and the LOLA Science Operations Center. LR measurements will enable the determination of a three-dimensional geodetic grid for the Moon based on the precise seleno-location of ground spots from LOLA.
C1 [Zuber, Maria T.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Smith, David E.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Sun, Xiaoli; McGarry, Jan F.; Rowlands, David D.; Zagwodzki, Thomas W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Zellar, Ronald S.; Katz, Richard B.; Kleyner, Igor; Matuszeski, Adam; Ott, Melanie N.; Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Adv Engn Technol Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Torrence, Mark H.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
RP Zuber, MT (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM zuber@mit.edu
RI Rowlands, David/D-2751-2012; Sun, Xiaoli/B-5120-2013; McGarry,
Jan/C-4109-2013; Neumann, Gregory/I-5591-2013
OI Neumann, Gregory/0000-0003-0644-9944
NR 24
TC 45
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 63
EP 80
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9511-z
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700005
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, MS
Brylow, SM
Tschimmel, M
Humm, D
Lawrence, SJ
Thomas, PC
Denevi, BW
Bowman-Cisneros, E
Zerr, J
Ravine, MA
Caplinger, MA
Ghaemi, FT
Schaffner, JA
Malin, MC
Mahanti, P
Bartels, A
Anderson, J
Tran, TN
Eliason, EM
McEwen, AS
Turtle, E
Jolliff, BL
Hiesinger, H
AF Robinson, M. S.
Brylow, S. M.
Tschimmel, M.
Humm, D.
Lawrence, S. J.
Thomas, P. C.
Denevi, B. W.
Bowman-Cisneros, E.
Zerr, J.
Ravine, M. A.
Caplinger, M. A.
Ghaemi, F. T.
Schaffner, J. A.
Malin, M. C.
Mahanti, P.
Bartels, A.
Anderson, J.
Tran, T. N.
Eliason, E. M.
McEwen, A. S.
Turtle, E.
Jolliff, B. L.
Hiesinger, H.
TI Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Instrument Overview
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE LRO; LROC; Instrument; Camera; Moon; Lunar; Calibration
ID LEONID IMPACT FLASHES; COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSES; PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS;
OCEANUS PROCELLARUM; SURFACE LAYER; SOUTH-POLE; MOON; THICKNESS; REGION;
TERRESTRIAL
AB The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and Narrow Angle Cameras (NACs) are on the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The WAC is a 7-color push-frame camera (100 and 400 m/pixel visible and UV, respectively), while the two NACs are monochrome narrow-angle linescan imagers (0.5 m/pixel). The primary mission of LRO is to obtain measurements of the Moon that will enable future lunar human exploration. The overarching goals of the LROC investigation include landing site identification and certification, mapping of permanently polar shadowed and sunlit regions, meter-scale mapping of polar regions, global multispectral imaging, a global morphology base map, characterization of regolith properties, and determination of current impact hazards.
C1 [Robinson, M. S.; Tschimmel, M.; Lawrence, S. J.; Denevi, B. W.; Bowman-Cisneros, E.; Mahanti, P.; Tran, T. N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Brylow, S. M.; Zerr, J.; Ravine, M. A.; Caplinger, M. A.; Schaffner, J. A.; Malin, M. C.] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA USA.
[Humm, D.] Space Instrument Calibrat Consulting, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Thomas, P. C.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Bartels, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Anderson, J.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Branch, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Ghaemi, F. T.] Tony Ghaemi Opt Engn, San Diego, CA USA.
[Eliason, E. M.; McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Turtle, E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Jolliff, B. L.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Hiesinger, H.] Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, D-4400 Munster, Germany.
RP Robinson, MS (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM mrobinson@ser.asu.edu
RI Denevi, Brett/I-6502-2012; Turtle, Elizabeth/K-8673-2012; Humm,
David/B-8825-2016
OI Denevi, Brett/0000-0001-7837-6663; Turtle,
Elizabeth/0000-0003-1423-5751; Humm, David/0000-0003-1520-261X
NR 74
TC 238
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U1 6
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
EI 1572-9672
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 81
EP 124
DI 10.1007/s11214-010-9634-2
PG 44
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700006
ER
PT J
AU Paige, DA
Foote, MC
Greenhagen, BT
Schofield, JT
Calcutt, S
Vasavada, AR
Preston, DJ
Taylor, FW
Allen, CC
Snook, KJ
Jakosky, BM
Murray, BC
Soderblom, LA
Jau, B
Loring, S
Bulharowski, J
Bowles, NE
Thomas, IR
Sullivan, MT
Avis, C
De Jong, EM
Hartford, W
McCleese, DJ
AF Paige, D. A.
Foote, M. C.
Greenhagen, B. T.
Schofield, J. T.
Calcutt, S.
Vasavada, A. R.
Preston, D. J.
Taylor, F. W.
Allen, C. C.
Snook, K. J.
Jakosky, B. M.
Murray, B. C.
Soderblom, L. A.
Jau, B.
Loring, S.
Bulharowski, J.
Bowles, N. E.
Thomas, I. R.
Sullivan, M. T.
Avis, C.
De Jong, E. M.
Hartford, W.
McCleese, D. J.
TI The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Moon; Lunar; Diviner; Thermal; Radiometer; Mapping; Temperature;
Infrared; Mineralogy; Petrology; LRO; Reconnaissance Orbiter
ID SURFACE FEATURES; TEMPERATURES; CALIBRATION; ATMOSPHERE; MOON; ICE
AB The Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment on NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter will be the first instrument to systematically map the global thermal state of the Moon and its diurnal and seasonal variability. Diviner will measure reflected solar and emitted infrared radiation in nine spectral channels with wavelengths ranging from 0.3 to 400 microns. The resulting measurements will enable characterization of the lunar thermal environment, mapping surface properties such as thermal inertia, rock abundance and silicate mineralogy, and determination of the locations and temperatures of volatile cold traps in the lunar polar regions.
C1 [Paige, D. A.; Greenhagen, B. T.; Sullivan, M. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Foote, M. C.; Schofield, J. T.; Vasavada, A. R.; Preston, D. J.; Jau, B.; Loring, S.; Bulharowski, J.; Avis, C.; De Jong, E. M.; Hartford, W.; McCleese, D. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Calcutt, S.; Taylor, F. W.; Bowles, N. E.; Thomas, I. R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England.
[Allen, C. C.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Snook, K. J.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA.
[Jakosky, B. M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Murray, B. C.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Soderblom, L. A.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Paige, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
EM dap@moon.ucla.edu
RI Greenhagen, Benjamin/C-3760-2016;
OI Calcutt, Simon/0000-0002-0102-3170
NR 26
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U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 125
EP 160
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9529-2
PG 36
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700007
ER
PT J
AU Gladstone, GR
Stern, SA
Retherford, KD
Black, RK
Slater, DC
Davis, MW
Versteeg, MH
Persson, KB
Parker, JW
Kaufmann, DE
Egan, AF
Greathouse, TK
Feldman, PD
Hurley, D
Pryor, WR
Hendrix, AR
AF Gladstone, G. Randall
Stern, S. Alan
Retherford, Kurt D.
Black, Ronald K.
Slater, David C.
Davis, Michael W.
Versteeg, Maarten H.
Persson, Kristian B.
Parker, Joel W.
Kaufmann, David E.
Egan, Anthony F.
Greathouse, Thomas K.
Feldman, Paul D.
Hurley, Dana
Pryor, Wayne R.
Hendrix, Amanda R.
TI LAMP: The Lyman Alpha Mapping Project on NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance
Orbiter Mission
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Lunar; Ultraviolet; LRO; Lyman-alpha
ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER; RADIATION-FIELD; SOUTH-POLE; ATMOSPHERE; MOON;
DEPOSITS; ALICE; ICE; TEMPERATURES; REANALYSIS
AB The Lyman Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) is a far-ultraviolet (FUV) imaging spectrograph on NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission. Its main objectives are to (i) identify and localize exposed water frost in permanently shadowed regions (PSRs), (ii) characterize landforms and albedos in PSRs, (iii) demonstrate the feasibility of using natural starlight and sky-glow illumination for future lunar surface mission applications, and (iv) characterize the lunar atmosphere and its variability. As a byproduct, LAMP will map a large fraction of the Moon at FUV wavelengths, allowing new studies of the microphysical and reflectance properties of the regolith. The LAMP FUV spectrograph will accomplish these objectives by measuring the signal reflected from the night-side lunar surface and in PSRs using both the interplanetary HI Lyman-alpha sky-glow and FUV starlight as light sources. Both these light sources provide fairly uniform, but faint, illumination. With the expected LAMP sensitivity, by the end of the primary 1-year LRO mission, the SNR for a Lyman-alpha albedo map should be > 100 in polar regions > 1 km(2), providing useful FUV constraints to help characterize subtle compositional and structural features. The LAMP instrument is based on the flight-proven Alice series of spectrographs flying on the Rosetta comet mission and the New Horizons Pluto mission. A general description of the LAMP instrument and its initial ground calibration results are presented here.
C1 [Gladstone, G. Randall; Retherford, Kurt D.; Black, Ronald K.; Slater, David C.; Davis, Michael W.; Versteeg, Maarten H.; Persson, Kristian B.; Greathouse, Thomas K.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
[Stern, S. Alan; Parker, Joel W.; Kaufmann, David E.; Egan, Anthony F.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Feldman, Paul D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Hurley, Dana] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Pryor, Wayne R.] Cent Arizona Coll, Coolidge, AZ 85228 USA.
[Hendrix, Amanda R.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Gladstone, GR (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
EM rgladstone@swri.edu
RI Hurley, Dana/F-4488-2015;
OI Hurley, Dana/0000-0003-1052-1494; Retherford, Kurt/0000-0001-9470-150X;
Greathouse, Thomas/0000-0001-6613-5731
FU NASA [NNG05EC87C]
FX We wish to thank the entire LAMP proposal team at SwRI, as well as Ossy
Siegmund, John Vallerga and Rick Raffanti at Sensor Sciences, and Craig
Tooley, Arlin Bartels, Mary Reden, Jo-Anne Baker, Gordon Chin, John
Keller, and Rich Vondrak of the LRO Project Office at NASA GSFC. This
work was supported by NASA contract NNG05EC87C.
NR 39
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 161
EP 181
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9578-6
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700008
ER
PT J
AU Mitrofanov, IG
Bartels, A
Bobrovnitsky, YI
Boynton, W
Chin, G
Enos, H
Evans, L
Floyd, S
Garvin, J
Golovin, DV
Grebennikov, AS
Harshman, K
Kazakov, LL
Keller, J
Konovalov, AA
Kozyrev, AS
Krylov, AR
Litvak, ML
Malakhov, AV
McClanahan, T
Milikh, GM
Mokrousov, MI
Ponomareva, S
Sagdeev, RZ
Sanin, AB
Shevchenko, VV
Shvetsov, VN
Starr, R
Timoshenko, GN
Tomilina, TM
Tretyakov, VI
Trombka, J
Troshin, VS
Uvarov, VN
Varennikov, AB
Vostrukhin, AA
AF Mitrofanov, I. G.
Bartels, A.
Bobrovnitsky, Y. I.
Boynton, W.
Chin, G.
Enos, H.
Evans, L.
Floyd, S.
Garvin, J.
Golovin, D. V.
Grebennikov, A. S.
Harshman, K.
Kazakov, L. L.
Keller, J.
Konovalov, A. A.
Kozyrev, A. S.
Krylov, A. R.
Litvak, M. L.
Malakhov, A. V.
McClanahan, T.
Milikh, G. M.
Mokrousov, M. I.
Ponomareva, S.
Sagdeev, R. Z.
Sanin, A. B.
Shevchenko, V. V.
Shvetsov, V. N.
Starr, R.
Timoshenko, G. N.
Tomilina, T. M.
Tretyakov, V. I.
Trombka, J.
Troshin, V. S.
Uvarov, V. N.
Varennikov, A. B.
Vostrukhin, A. A.
TI Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector for the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance
Orbiter
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Moon; Neutrons emission; Surface composition; Radiationbackground
ID POLAR HYDROGEN DEPOSITS; MOON
AB The design of the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) experiment is presented, which was optimized to address several of the primary measurement requirements of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO): high spatial resolution hydrogen mapping of the Moon's upper-most surface, identification of putative deposits of appreciable near-surface water ice in the Moon's polar cold traps, and characterization of the human-relevant space radiation environment in lunar orbit. A comprehensive program of LEND instrument physical calibrations is discussed and the baseline scenario of LEND observations from the primary LRO lunar orbit is presented. LEND data products will be useful for determining the next stages of the emerging global lunar exploration program, and they will facilitate the study of the physics of hydrogen implantation and diffusion in the regolith, test the presence of water ice deposits in lunar cold polar traps, and investigate the role of neutrons within the radiation environment of the shallow lunar surface.
C1 [Mitrofanov, I. G.; Golovin, D. V.; Konovalov, A. A.; Kozyrev, A. S.; Litvak, M. L.; Malakhov, A. V.; Mokrousov, M. I.; Sanin, A. B.; Tretyakov, V. I.; Troshin, V. S.; Uvarov, V. N.; Varennikov, A. B.; Vostrukhin, A. A.] Inst Space Res, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Shevchenko, V. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia.
[Krylov, A. R.; Shvetsov, V. N.; Timoshenko, G. N.] Joint Inst Nucl Energy, Moscow 141980, Russia.
[Bobrovnitsky, Y. I.; Grebennikov, A. S.; Ponomareva, S.; Tomilina, T. M.] AA Blagonravov Mech Engn Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia.
[Kazakov, L. L.] All Russian Res Inst Atom Reactors, Dimitrovgrad 10433510, Russia.
[Milikh, G. M.; Sagdeev, R. Z.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Bartels, A.; Chin, G.; Floyd, S.; Garvin, J.; Keller, J.; McClanahan, T.; Trombka, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Boynton, W.; Enos, H.; Harshman, K.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Starr, R.] Catholic Univ, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Evans, L.] Comp Sci Corp, Glenn Dale, MD 20706 USA.
RP Mitrofanov, IG (reprint author), Inst Space Res, Moscow 117997, Russia.
EM imitrofa@space.ru
RI McClanahan, Timothy/C-8164-2012; Chin, Gordon/E-1520-2012; Keller,
John/I-5097-2013
NR 19
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U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 183
EP 207
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9608-4
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700009
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DE
Zuber, MT
Jackson, GB
Cavanaugh, JF
Neumann, GA
Riris, H
Sun, XL
Zellar, RS
Coltharp, C
Connelly, J
Katz, RB
Kleyner, I
Liiva, P
Matuszeski, A
Mazarico, EM
McGarry, JF
Novo-Gradac, AM
Ott, MN
Peters, C
Ramos-Izquierdo, LA
Ramsey, L
Rowlands, DD
Schmidt, S
Scott, VS
Shaw, GB
Smith, JC
Swinski, JP
Torrence, MH
Unger, G
Yu, AW
Zagwodzki, TW
AF Smith, David E.
Zuber, Maria T.
Jackson, Glenn B.
Cavanaugh, John F.
Neumann, Gregory A.
Riris, Haris
Sun, Xiaoli
Zellar, Ronald S.
Coltharp, Craig
Connelly, Joseph
Katz, Richard B.
Kleyner, Igor
Liiva, Peter
Matuszeski, Adam
Mazarico, Erwan M.
McGarry, Jan F.
Novo-Gradac, Anne-Marie
Ott, Melanie N.
Peters, Carlton
Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis A.
Ramsey, Lawrence
Rowlands, David D.
Schmidt, Stephen
Scott, V. Stanley, III
Shaw, George B.
Smith, James C.
Swinski, Joseph-Paul
Torrence, Mark H.
Unger, Glenn
Yu, Anthony W.
Zagwodzki, Thomas W.
TI The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter Investigation on the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Moon; Shape; Space instrumentation; Topography
ID CLEMENTINE MISSION; MARS; TOPOGRAPHY; MOON; INSTRUMENT; SURFACE; SHAPE
AB The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) is an instrument on the payload of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft (LRO) (Chin et al., in Space Sci. Rev. 129:391-419, 2007). The instrument is designed to measure the shape of the Moon by measuring precisely the range from the spacecraft to the lunar surface, and incorporating precision orbit determination of LRO, referencing surface ranges to the Moon's center of mass. LOLA has 5 beams and operates at 28 Hz, with a nominal accuracy of 10 cm. Its primary objective is to produce a global geodetic grid for the Moon to which all other observations can be precisely referenced.
C1 [Zuber, Maria T.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Smith, David E.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Riris, Haris; Sun, Xiaoli; Mazarico, Erwan M.; McGarry, Jan F.; Rowlands, David D.; Scott, V. Stanley, III; Swinski, Joseph-Paul; Zagwodzki, Thomas W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jackson, Glenn B.; Cavanaugh, John F.; Zellar, Ronald S.; Coltharp, Craig; Connelly, Joseph; Katz, Richard B.; Kleyner, Igor; Matuszeski, Adam; Novo-Gradac, Anne-Marie; Ott, Melanie N.; Peters, Carlton; Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis A.; Ramsey, Lawrence; Schmidt, Stephen; Shaw, George B.; Smith, James C.; Unger, Glenn; Yu, Anthony W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Adv Engn Technol Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Torrence, Mark H.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Liiva, Peter] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
RP Zuber, MT (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM zuber@mit.edu
RI Rowlands, David/D-2751-2012; Scott, Vibart/B-5086-2013; Sun,
Xiaoli/B-5120-2013; McGarry, Jan/C-4109-2013; Riris, Haris/D-1004-2013;
Neumann, Gregory/I-5591-2013; Mazarico, Erwan/N-6034-2014
OI Neumann, Gregory/0000-0003-0644-9944; Mazarico,
Erwan/0000-0003-3456-427X
NR 38
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U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 209
EP 241
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9512-y
PG 33
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700010
ER
PT J
AU Nozette, S
Spudis, P
Bussey, B
Jensen, R
Raney, K
Winters, H
Lichtenberg, CL
Marinelli, W
Crusan, J
Gates, M
Robinson, M
AF Nozette, Stewart
Spudis, Paul
Bussey, Ben
Jensen, Robert
Raney, Keith
Winters, Helene
Lichtenberg, Christopher L.
Marinelli, William
Crusan, Jason
Gates, Michele
Robinson, Mark
TI The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF)
Technology Demonstration
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter; Mini RF; Lunar poles
ID SOUTH-POLE; RADAR EXPERIMENT; ICE; DEPOSITS; MOON; SAR
AB The Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF) system is manifested on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) as a technology demonstration and an extended mission science instrument. Mini-RF represents a significant step forward in spaceborne RF technology and architecture. It combines synthetic aperture radar (SAR) at two wavelengths (S-band and X-band) and two resolutions (150 m and 30 m) with interferometric and communications functionality in one lightweight (16 kg) package. Previous radar observations (Earth-based, and one bistatic data set from Clementine) of the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar poles seem to indicate areas of high circular polarization ratio (CPR) consistent with volume scattering from volatile deposits (e.g. water ice) buried at shallow (0.1-1 m) depth, but only at unfavorable viewing geometries, and with inconclusive results. The LRO Mini-RF utilizes new wideband hybrid polarization architecture to measure the Stokes parameters of the reflected signal. These data will help to differentiate "true" volumetric ice reflections from "false" returns due to angular surface regolith. Additional lunar science investigations (e.g. pyroclastic deposit characterization) will also be attempted during the LRO extended mission. LRO's lunar operations will be contemporaneous with India's Chandrayaan-1, which carries the Forerunner Mini-SAR (S-band wavelength and 150-m resolution), and bistatic radar (S-Band) measurements may be possible. On orbit calibration, procedures for LRO Mini-RF have been validated using Chandrayaan 1 and ground-based facilities (Arecibo and Greenbank Radio Observatories).
C1 [Bussey, Ben; Jensen, Robert; Raney, Keith; Winters, Helene] Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Nozette, Stewart; Spudis, Paul] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Lichtenberg, Christopher L.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
[Marinelli, William; Crusan, Jason; Gates, Michele] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Robinson, Mark] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
RP Bussey, B (reprint author), Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM Ben.Bussey@jhuapl.edu
NR 18
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U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 285
EP 302
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9607-5
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700012
ER
PT S
AU Balasubramanian, K
Shaklan, SB
Pueyo, L
Wilson, DW
Guyon, O
AF Balasubramanian, Kunjithapatham
Shaklan, Stuart B.
Pueyo, Laurent
Wilson, Daniel W.
Guyon, Olivier
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Low-cost high-precision PIAA optics for high contrast imaging with
exo-planet coronagraphs
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE PIAA; pupil remapping; high-contrast imaging; coronagraphy; optical
fabrication
ID INDUCED AMPLITUDE APODIZATION
AB PIAA optics for high contrast imaging present challenges in manufacturing and testing due to their large surface departures from aspheric profiles at the aperture edges. With smaller form factors and consequent smaller surface deformations (<50 microns), fabrication of these mirrors with diamond turning followed by electron beam lithographic techniques becomes feasible. Though such a design reduces the system throughput to similar to 50%, it still provides good performance down to 2 lambda/D inner working angle. With new achromatic focal plane mask designs, the system performance can be further improved. We report on the design, expected performance, fabrication challenges, and initial assessment of such novel PIAA optics.
C1 [Balasubramanian, Kunjithapatham; Shaklan, Stuart B.; Pueyo, Laurent; Wilson, Daniel W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM kbala@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 8
TC 3
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U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77314U
DI 10.1117/12.858284
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600156
ER
PT S
AU Barry, RK
Lindler, D
Deming, LD
A'Hearn, MF
Ballard, S
Carcich, B
Charbonneau, D
Christiansen, J
Hewagama, T
McFadden, L
Wellnitz, D
AF Barry, R. K.
Lindler, D.
Deming, L. D.
A'Hearn, M. F.
Ballard, S.
Carcich, B.
Charbonneau, D.
Christiansen, J.
Hewagama, T.
McFadden, L.
Wellnitz, D.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Development and Utilization of a Point Spread Function for the
Extrasolar Planet Observation and Characterization/Deep Impact Extended
Investigation (EPOXI) Mission
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE DIXI; EPOCh; Deep Impact; GL436; HAT-P-7; TRES-2; TRES-3; WASP-3; XO-2;
drizzle
ID DEEP IMPACT; INSTRUMENT; IMAGES
AB The Extrasolar Planet Observation Characterization and the Deep Impact Extended Investigation missions (EPOXI) are currently observing the transits of exoplanets, a comet nucleus at short range, and Earth using the High Resolution Instrument (HRI) - a 0.3 m f/35 telescope - on the Deep Impact flyby spacecraft. The HRI is in a permanently defocused state with the instrument point of focus about 0.6 cm before the focal plane due to the use of a reference flat mirror that became a powered optic due to thermal warping during ground thermal-vacuum testing. Consequently, the point spread function (PSF) covers approximately nine pixels FWHM and is characterized by a patch with three-fold symmetry due to the three-point support structures of the primary and secondary mirrors. The PSF is also strongly color dependent varying in shape and size with change in filtration and target color. While defocus is highly desirable for exoplanet transit observations to limit sensitivity to intra-pixel variation, it is suboptimal for observations of spatially resolved targets. Consequently, all images used in our analysis of such objects were deconvolved with an instrument PSF. The instrument PSF is also being used to optimize transit analysis. We discuss development and usage of an instrument PSF for these observations.
C1 [Barry, R. K.; Deming, L. D.; Hewagama, T.; McFadden, L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Barry, RK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Hewagama, T/C-8488-2012;
OI McFadden, Lucy/0000-0002-0537-9975
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77313D
DI 10.1117/12.857585
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600108
ER
PT S
AU Belikov, R
Pluzhnik, E
Connelley, MS
Witteborn, FC
Greene, TP
Lynch, DH
Zell, PT
Guyon, O
AF Belikov, Ruslan
Pluzhnik, Eugene
Connelley, Michael S.
Witteborn, Fred C.
Greene, Thomas P.
Lynch, Dana H.
Zell, Peter T.
Guyon, Olivier
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Laboratory demonstration of high-contrast imaging at 2 lambda/D on a
temperature-stabilized testbed in air
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE extrasolar planets; high contrast; coronagraph; PIAA; wavefront
correction
ID INDUCED AMPLITUDE APODIZATION; DESIGN
AB Direct imaging of extrasolar planets in visible light, and Earth-like planets in particular, is an exciting but difficult problem requiring a telescope imaging system with 10(-10) contrast at separations of 100mas and less. Furthermore, only a small 1-2m space telescope may be realistic for a mission in the foreseeable future, which puts strong demands on the performance of the imaging instrument. Fortunately, an efficient coronagraph called the Phase Induced Amplitude Apodization (PIAA) coronagraph may enable Earth-like planet imaging for such small telescopes if any exist around the nearest stars. In this paper, we report on the latest results from a testbed at the NASA Ames Research Center focused on testing the PIAA coronagraph. This laboratory facility was built in 2008 and is designed to be flexible, operated in a highly stabilized air environment, and to complement efforts at NASA JPL's High Contrast Imaging Testbed. For our wavefront control we are focusing on using small Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System deformable mirrors (MEMS DMs), which promises to reduce the size of the beam and overall instrument, a consideration that becomes very important for small telescopes. In this paper, we briefly describe our lab and methods, including the new active thermal control system, and report the demonstration of 5.4x10(-8) average raw contrast in a dark zone from 2.0 - 5.2 lambda/D. In addition, we present an analysis of our current limits and solutions to overcome them.
C1 [Belikov, Ruslan; Pluzhnik, Eugene; Connelley, Michael S.; Witteborn, Fred C.; Greene, Thomas P.; Lynch, Dana H.; Zell, Peter T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Belikov, R (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM Ruslan.belikov@nasa.gov
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312D
DI 10.1117/12.857952
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600073
ER
PT S
AU Benford, DJ
Mundy, LG
AF Benford, Dominic J.
Mundy, Lee G.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI WISPIR: A Wide-field Imaging SPectrograph for the InfraRed for the SPICA
Observatory
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE SPICA; SAFARI; far infrared Fourier transform spectrometer; long slit
spectrometer; silicon grism
ID WATER; EVOLUTION; GALAXIES; ARRAYS; PLANET
AB We have undertaken a study of a far infrared imaging spectrometer based on a Fourier transform spectrometer that uses well-understood, high maturity optics, cryogenics, and detectors to further our knowledge of the chemical and astrophysical evolution of the Universe as it formed planets, stars, and the variety of galaxy morphologies that we observe today. The instrument, Wide-field Imaging Spectrometer for the InfraRed (WISPIR), would operate on the SPICA observatory, and will feature a spectral range from 34 - 210 microns and a spectral resolving power of R = 1,000 to 6,000, depending on wavelength. WISPIR provides a choice of full-field spectral imaging over a 2' x 2' field or long-slit spectral imaging along a 2' slit for studies of astrophysical structures in the local and high-redshift Universe. WISPIR in long-slit mode will attain a sensitivity two orders of magnitude better than what is currently available.
C1 [Benford, Dominic J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Benford, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Dominic.Benford@nasa.gov
RI Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77310T
DI 10.1117/12.856495
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600023
ER
PT S
AU Bradford, CM
Bock, J
Holmes, W
AF Bradford, C. M.
Bock, James
Holmes, Warren
CA BLISS Study Team
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI The background-limited infrared-submillimeter spectrograph (BLISS) for
SPICA: a design study
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Bolometer; TES; Far-IR Spectroscopy; Grating
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BLACK-HOLES; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; GALAXIES;
SPECTROSCOPY; ACCRETION; GROWTH; SYSTEM; MASS; WAVE
AB We are developing the Background-Limited Infrared-Submillimeter Spectrograph (BLISS) for SPICA to provide a breakthrough capability for far-IR survey spectroscopy. SPICAs large cold aperture allows mid-IR to submm observations which are limited only by the natural backgrounds, and BLISS is designed to operate near this fundamental limit. BLISS-SPICA is 6 orders of magnitude faster than the spectrometers on Herschel and SOFIA in obtaining full-band spectra. It enables spectroscopy of dust-obscured galaxies at all epochs back to the first billion years after the Big Bang (redshift 6), and study of all stages of planet formation in circumstellar disks.
BLISS covers 35-433 microns range in five or six wavelength bands, and couples two 2 sky positions simultaneously. The instrument is cooled to 50 mK for optimal sensitivity with an on-board refrigerators. The detector package is 4224 silicon-nitride micro-mesh leg-isolated bolometers with superconducting transition-edge-sensed (TES) thermistors, read out with a cryogenic time-domain multiplexer. All technical elements of BLISS have heritage in mature scientic instruments, and many have own. We report on our design study in which we are optimizing performance while accommodating SPICAs constraints, including the stringent cryogenic mass budget. In particular, we present our progress in the optical design and waveguide spectrometer prototyping. A companion paper in Conference 7741 (Beyer et al.) discusses in greater detail the progress in the BLISS TES bolometer development.
C1 [Bradford, C. M.; Bock, James; Holmes, Warren] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Bradford, CM (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
EM matt.bradford@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77310S
DI 10.1117/12.857779
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600022
ER
PT S
AU Brugarolas, P
Alexander, J
Trauger, J
Moody, D
Egerman, R
Vallone, P
Elias, J
Hejal, R
Camelo, V
Bronowicki, A
O'Connor, D
Patrick, R
Orzechowski, P
Spittler, C
Lillie, C
AF Brugarolas, Paul
Alexander, James
Trauger, John
Moody, Dwight
Egerman, Robert
Vallone, Phillip
Elias, Jason
Hejal, Reem
Camelo, Vanessa
Bronowicki, Allen
O'Connor, David
Patrick, Richard
Orzechowski, Pawel
Spittler, Connie
Lillie, Chuck
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI ACCESS Pointing Control System
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Pointing; Space Telescope; Coronagraph; Hexapod; Fine Steering Mirror;
Fine Guidance Camera
ID VIBRATION CONTROL; SENSOR
AB ACCESS (Actively-Corrected Coronagraph for Exoplanet System Studies) was one of four medium-class exoplanet concepts selected for the NASA Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept Study (ASMCS) program in 2008/2009 [14, 15]. The ACCESS study evaluated four major coronagraph concepts under a common space observatory. This paper describes the high precision pointing control system (PCS) baselined for this observatory.
C1 [Brugarolas, Paul; Alexander, James; Trauger, John; Moody, Dwight] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Brugarolas, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77314V
DI 10.1117/12.856518
PG 22
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600157
ER
PT S
AU Caldwell, DA
Van Cleve, JE
Jenkins, JM
Argabright, VS
Kolodziejczak, JJ
Dunham, EW
Geary, JC
Tenenbaum, P
Chandrasekaran, H
Li, J
Wu, HL
Von Wilpert, J
AF Caldwell, Douglas A.
Van Cleve, Jeffrey E.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Argabright, Vic S.
Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.
Dunham, Edward W.
Geary, John C.
Tenenbaum, Peter
Chandrasekaran, Hema
Li, Jie
Wu, Hayley
Von Wilpert, Jason
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Kepler Instrument Performance: an In-flight Update
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Kepler Mission; exoplanets; space telescopes; photometer; CCD
AB The Kepler Mission is designed to detect the 80 parts per million (ppm) signal from an Earth-Sun equivalent transit. Such precision requires superb instrument stability on time scales up to 2 days and systematic error removal to better than 20 ppm. The sole scientific instrument is the Photometer, a 0.95 m aperture Schmidt telescope that feeds the 94.6 million pixel CCD detector array, which contains both Science and Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) CCDs. Since Kepler's launch in March 2009, we have been using the commissioning and science operations data to characterize the instrument and monitor its performance. We find that the in-flight detector properties of the focal plane, including bias levels, read noise, gain, linearity, saturation, FGS to Science crosstalk, and video crosstalk between Science CCDs, are essentially unchanged from their pre-launch values. Kepler's unprecedented sensitivity and stability in space have allowed us to measure both short- and long-term effects from cosmic rays, see interactions of previously known image artifacts with starlight, and uncover several unexpected systematics that affect photometric precision. Based on these results, we expect to attain Kepler's planned photometric precision over 90% of the field of view.
C1 [Caldwell, Douglas A.; Van Cleve, Jeffrey E.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Li, Jie; Wu, Hayley] NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Caldwell, DA (reprint author), NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM douglas.caldwell@nasa.gov
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 12
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773117
DI 10.1117/12.856638
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600031
ER
PT S
AU Clampin, M
Smith, EP
AF Clampin, Mark
Smith, Eric P.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Overview of the James Webb Space Telescope Observatory
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large aperture, space telescope designed to provide imaging and spectroscopy from 1.0 mu m to 28 mu m. JWST will be launched to an orbit at L2 aboard an Ariane 5 launcher in 2013. The Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is the lead center for the JWST program and manages the project for NASA. The prime contractor for JWST is Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGST). JWST is an international partnership with the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). ESA will contribute the Ariane 5 launch, and a multi-object infrared spectrograph. CSA will contribute the Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS), which includes the Tunable Filter Imager (TFI). The European consortium, in collaboration with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), builds the mid-infrared imager (MIRI). In this paper we present an overview of the JWST science program, and discuss recent progress in the development of the observatory.
C1 [Clampin, Mark] NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Clampin, M (reprint author), NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773107
DI 10.1117/12.856443
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600005
ER
PT S
AU Content, DA
Dittman, MG
Firth, B
Howard, JM
Jackson, CE
Lehan, JP
Mentzell, JE
Pasquale, BA
Sholl, MJ
AF Content, D. A.
Dittman, M. G.
Firth, B.
Howard, J. M.
Jackson, C. E.
Lehan, J. P.
Mentzell, J. E.
Pasquale, B. A.
Sholl, M. J.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Joint Dark Energy Mission optical design studies
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space astrophysics; Dark Energy; wide field imaging; slitless
spectroscopy; three mirror anastigmat
ID SUPERNOVAE
AB We present the latest optical design concepts for the Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM). This mission will tightly constrain the cosmological parameters describing the accelerating expansion of the universe. The current candidate designs are based on extensive examination of the interplay of requirements for the leading techniques being considered for space borne observation: Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO), Type Ia Supernovae (SN), and gravitational Weak Lensing (WL). All techniques require very large fields of view across the visible/near infrared spectrum; BAO uniquely requires a moderate dispersion wide field spectroscopy capability. Weak lensing requires very good stability and knowledge of the point spread function in order to enable detection of local variations in galaxy ellipticities caused by the intervening dark matter. SN imaging spectroscopy should be done to high photometric signal to noise in order to make best use of these 'standard candles.' We have studied medium class and smaller, "Probe" class implementations enabling from one to three of these techniques. We describe two concepts that were submitted to the 2010 Astrophysics Decadal review as well as current concepts.
C1 [Content, D. A.; Howard, J. M.; Jackson, C. E.; Mentzell, J. E.; Pasquale, B. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Content, DA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77311D
DI 10.1117/12.859144
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600037
ER
PT S
AU Dowell, CD
Pohlen, M
Pearson, C
Griffin, M
Lim, T
Bendo, GJ
Benielli, D
Bock, JJ
Chanial, P
Clements, DL
Conversi, L
Ferlet, M
Fulton, T
Gastaud, R
Glenn, J
Grundy, T
Guest, S
King, KJ
Leeks, SJ
Levenson, L
Lu, NY
Morris, H
Hien, N
O'Halloran, B
Oliver, S
Panuzzo, P
Papageorgiou, A
Polehampton, E
Rigopoulou, D
Roussel, H
Schneider, N
Schulz, B
Schwartz, A
Shupe, DL
Sibthorpe, B
Sidher, S
Smith, AJ
Swinyard, BM
Trichas, M
Valtchanov, I
Woodcraft, AL
Xu, CK
Zhang, LJ
AF Dowell, C. Darren
Pohlen, Michael
Pearson, Chris
Griffin, Matt
Lim, Tanya
Bendo, George J.
Benielli, Dominique
Bock, James J.
Chanial, Pierre
Clements, Dave L.
Conversi, Luca
Ferlet, Marc
Fulton, Trevor
Gastaud, Rene
Glenn, Jason
Grundy, Tim
Guest, Steve
King, Ken J.
Leeks, Sarah J.
Levenson, Louis
Lu, Nanyao
Morris, Huw
Hien Nguyen
O'Halloran, Brian
Oliver, Seb
Panuzzo, Pasquale
Papageorgiou, Andreas
Polehampton, Edward
Rigopoulou, Dimitra
Roussel, Helene
Schneider, Nicola
Schulz, Bernhard
Schwartz, Arnold
Shupe, David L.
Sibthorpe, Bruce
Sidher, Sunil
Smith, Anthony J.
Swinyard, Bruce M.
Trichas, Markos
Valtchanov, Ivan
Woodcraft, Adam L.
Xu, C. Kevin
Zhang, Lijun
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Status of the SPIRE Photometer Data Processing Pipelines During the
Early Phases of the Herschel Mission
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Herschel Space Observatory; far infrared; imaging; bolometer
AB We describe the current state of the ground segment of Herschel-SPIRE photometer data processing, approximately one year into the mission. The SPIRE photometer operates in two modes: scan mapping and chopped point source photometry. For each mode, the basic analysis pipeline - which follows in reverse the effects from the incidence of light on the telescope to the storage of samples from the detector electronics - is essentially the same as described pre-launch. However, the calibration parameters and detailed numerical algorithms have advanced due to the availability of commissioning and early science observations, resulting in reliable pipelines which produce accurate and sensitive photometry and maps at 250, 350, and 500 mu m with minimal residual artifacts. We discuss some detailed aspects of the pipelines on the topics of: detection of cosmic ray glitches, linearization of detector response, correction for focal plane temperature drift, subtraction of detector baselines (offsets), absolute calibration, and basic map making. Several of these topics are still under study with the promise of future enhancements to the pipelines.
C1 [Dowell, C. Darren; Bock, James J.; Hien Nguyen] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Dowell, CD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM cdd@astro.caltech.edu; Michael.Pohlen@astro.cf.ac.uk;
chris.pearson@stfc.ac.uk
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773136
DI 10.1117/12.858035
PG 18
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600102
ER
PT S
AU Feinberg, LD
Keski-Kuha, R
Atkinson, C
Texter, SC
AF Feinberg, Lee D.
Keski-Kuha, Ritva
Atkinson, Charlie
Texter, Scott C.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Results, Status and Plans for the James Webb Space Telescope Optical
Telescope Element
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space Telescope; JWST; OTE; James Webb Space Telescope
AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Optical Telescope Element has completed its Critical Design Review and is well into fabrication. This paper will summarize efforts to date in the design, manufacturing and planning for integration and testing. This will include a top level summary of mirror performance to date, hardware results, and planning status for the integration and testing program. The future plans for manufacturing, assembly, alignment and testing will also be summarized at a top level.
C1 [Feinberg, Lee D.; Keski-Kuha, Ritva] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Feinberg, LD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77310A
DI 10.1117/12.855796
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600007
ER
PT S
AU Feinberg, LD
Keski-Kuha, R
Atkinson, C
Texter, SC
AF Feinberg, Lee D.
Keski-Kuha, Ritva
Atkinson, Charlie
Texter, Scott C.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Use of a Pathfinder Optical Telescope Element for James Webb Space
Telescope Risk Mitigation
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space Telescope; JWST; OTE; James Webb Space Telescope; Pathfinder; Risk
AB A Pathfinder of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Optical Telescope Element is being developed to check out critical ground support equipment and to rehearse integration and testing procedures. This paper provides a summary of the baseline Pathfinder configuration and architecture, objectives of this effort, limitations of Pathfinder, status of its development, and future plans. Special attention is paid to risks that will be mitigated by Pathfinder.
C1 [Feinberg, Lee D.; Keski-Kuha, Ritva] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Feinberg, LD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR UNSP 77313T
DI 10.1117/12.855800
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600124
ER
PT S
AU Greene, T
Beichman, C
Gully-Santiago, M
Jaffe, D
Kelly, D
Krist, J
Rieke, M
Smith, EH
AF Greene, Thomas
Beichman, Charles
Gully-Santiago, Michael
Jaffe, Daniel
Kelly, Douglas
Krist, John
Rieke, Marcia
Smith, Eric H.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI NIRCam: Development and Testing of the JWST Near-Infrared Camera
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE JWST; NIRCam; infrared; astronomical instruments; space telescopes
ID SPACE
AB The Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) is one of the four science instruments of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Its high sensitivity, high spatial resolution images over the 0.6 - 5 mu m wavelength region will be essential for making significant findings in many science areas as well as for aligning the JWST primary mirror segments and telescope. The NIRCam engineering test unit was recently assembled and has undergone successful cryogenic testing. The NIRCam collimator and camera optics and their mountings are also progressing, with a brass-board system demonstrating relatively low wavefront error across a wide field of view. The flight model's long-wavelength Si grisms have been fabricated, and its coronagraph masks are now being made. Both the short (0.6 - 2.3 mu m) and long (2.4 - 5.0 mu m) wavelength flight detectors show good performance and are undergoing final assembly and testing. The flight model subsystems should all be completed later this year through early 2011, and NIRCam will be cryogenically tested in the first half of 2011 before delivery to the JWST integrated science instrument module (ISIM).
C1 [Greene, Thomas] NASAs, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Greene, T (reprint author), NASAs, Ames Res Ctr, MS 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM tom.greene@nasa.gov
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77310C
DI 10.1117/12.856615
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600009
ER
PT S
AU Greenhouse, MA
Drury, MP
Dunn, JL
Glazer, SD
Greville, E
Henegar, G
Johnson, EL
Lundquist, R
McCloskey, JC
Ohl, RG
Rashford, RA
Voyton, MF
AF Greenhouse, Matthew A.
Drury, Michael P.
Dunn, Jamie L.
Glazer, Stuart D.
Greville, Ed
Henegar, Gregory
Johnson, Eric L.
Lundquist, Ray
McCloskey, John C.
Ohl, Raymond G.
Rashford, Robert A.
Voyton, Mark F.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Status of the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument
Module System
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE JWST; Instrumentation
AB The Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is discussed from a systems perspective with emphasis on development status and advanced technology aspects. The ISIM is one of three elements that comprise the JWST space vehicle and is the science instrument payload of the JWST. The major subsystems of this flight element and their build status are described.
C1 [Greenhouse, Matthew A.; Drury, Michael P.; Dunn, Jamie L.; Glazer, Stuart D.; Greville, Ed; Henegar, Gregory; Johnson, Eric L.; Lundquist, Ray; McCloskey, John C.; Ohl, Raymond G.; Rashford, Robert A.; Voyton, Mark F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Greenhouse, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM matt.greenhouse@nasa.gov
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773108
DI 10.1117/12.856293
PG 22
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600006
ER
PT S
AU Hickey, G
Ealey, M
Redding, D
AF Hickey, Gregory
Ealey, Mark
Redding, David
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Actuated Hybrid Mirrors for Space Telescopes
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Active optics; space telescopes; nanolaminates; silicon carbide;
wavefront sensing; wavefront control
AB This paper describes new, large, ultra-lightweight, replicated, actively controlled mirrors, for use in space telescopes. These mirrors utilize SiC substrates, with embedded solid-state actuators, bonded to Nanolaminate metal foil reflective surfaces. Called Actuated Hybrid Mirrors (AHMs), they use replication techniques for high optical quality as well as rapid, low cost manufacturing. They enable an Active Optics space telescope architecture that uses periodic image-based wavefront sensing and control to assure diffraction-limited performance, while relaxing optical system fabrication, integration and test requirements.
C1 [Hickey, Gregory; Redding, David] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Hickey, G (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM david.c.redding@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773120
DI 10.1117/12.858217
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600060
ER
PT S
AU Hopkins, RC
Capizzo, P
Fincher, S
Hornsby, LS
Jones, D
Mosier, G
Stahl, HP
Thomas, D
Thompson, KS
AF Hopkins, Randall C.
Capizzo, Peter
Fincher, Sharon
Hornsby, Linda S.
Jones, David
Mosier, Gary
Stahl, H. Philip
Thomas, Dan
Thompson, Kevin S.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Spacecraft conceptual design for the 8-meter Advanced Technology Large
Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST)
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE ATLAST; large aperture space telescope; monolithic mirror; astronomy;
exo-planets
AB The Advanced Concepts Office at Marshall Space Flight Center completed a brief spacecraft design study for the 8-meter monolithic Advanced Technology Large Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST-8m). This spacecraft concept provides all power, communication, telemetry, avionics, guidance and control, and thermal control for the observatory, and inserts the observatory into a halo orbit about the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point. The multidisciplinary design team created a simple spacecraft design that enables component and science instrument servicing, employs articulating solar panels for help with momentum management, and provides precise pointing control while at the same time fast slewing for the observatory.
C1 [Hopkins, Randall C.; Fincher, Sharon; Jones, David; Stahl, H. Philip; Thomas, Dan] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Hopkins, RC (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM Randall.Hopkins@nasa.gov
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312Q
DI 10.1117/12.856474
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600086
ER
PT S
AU Hornsby, L
Hopkins, RC
Stahl, HP
AF Hornsby, Linda
Hopkins, Randall C.
Stahl, H. Philip
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Thermal analysis of the Advanced Technology Large Aperture Space
Telescope (ATLAST) 8 meter primary mirror
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE ATLAST; thermal analysis; large space telescope; space telescope thermal
stability
AB The Advanced Technology Large Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST) preliminary design concept consists of an 8 meter diameter monolithic primary mirror enclosed in an insulated, optical tube with stray light baffles and a sunshade. ATLAST will be placed in orbit about the Sun-Earth L2 point and will experience constant exposure to the sun. The insulation on the optical tube and sunshade serve to cold bias the telescope which helps to minimize thermal gradients. The objective is to maintain the primary mirror at 280K with an active thermal control system.
The geometric model of the primary mirror, optical tube, sun baffles, and sunshade was developed using Thermal Desktop (R)(1). A detailed model of the primary mirror was required in order to characterize the static performance and thermal stability of the mirror during maneuvers. This is important because long exposure observations, such as extrasolar terrestrial planet finding and characterization, require a very stable observatory wave front. Steady state thermal analyses served to predict mirror temperatures for several different sun angles. Transient analyses were performed in order to predict thermal time constant of the primary mirror for a 20 degree slew and a 30 degree roll maneuver.
This paper describes the thermal model and provides details of the geometry, thermo-optical properties, and the solar environment that influences the thermal performance. All assumptions that were used in the analysis are also documented. Estimates of mirror heater power requirements are reported. The thermal model is used to predict gradients across and through the primary mirror using an idealized boundary temperature on the back and sides of the mirror of 280 K.
C1 [Hornsby, Linda] George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Jacobs ESTS Grp, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
RP Hornsby, L (reprint author), George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Jacobs ESTS Grp, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM Linda.S.Hornsby@nasa.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312R
DI 10.1117/12.857384
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600087
ER
PT S
AU Kogut, AJ
Chuss, DT
Dotson, JL
Fixsen, DJ
Halpern, M
Hinshaw, GF
Meyer, SM
Moseley, SH
Seiffert, MD
Spergel, DN
Wollack, EJ
AF Kogut, Alan J.
Chuss, David T.
Dotson, Jessie L.
Fixsen, Dale J.
Halpern, Mark
Hinshaw, Gary F.
Meyer, Stephan M.
Moseley, S. Harvey
Seiffert, Michael D.
Spergel, David N.
Wollack, Edward J.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) Mission
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE cosmic microwave background; polarization; FTS; bolometer
ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; POLARIZATION; ANISOTROPY
AB The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) is an Explorer-class mission to map the absolute intensity and linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background and diffuse astrophysical foregrounds over the full sky from frequencies 30 GHz to 6 THz (1 cm to 50 mu m wavelength). PIXIE uses a polarizing Michelson interferometer with 2.7 K optics to measure the difference spectrum between two orthogonal linear polarizations from two co-aligned beams. Either input can view either the sky or a temperature-controlled absolute reference blackbody calibrator. The multi-moded optics and high etendu provide sensitivity comparable to kilo-pixel focal plane arrays, but with greatly expanded frequency coverage while using only 4 detectors total. PIXIE builds on the highly successful COBE/FIRAS design by adding large-area polarization-sensitive detectors whose fully symmetric optics are maintained in thermal equilibrium with the CMB. The highly symmetric nulled design provides redundant rejection of major sources of systematic uncertainty. The principal science goal is the detection and characterization of linear polarization from an inflationary epoch in the early universe, with tensor-to-scalar ratio r << 10(-3). PIXIE will also return a rich data set constraining physical processes ranging from Big Bang cosmology, reionization, and large-scale structure to the local interstellar medium.
C1 [Kogut, Alan J.; Chuss, David T.; Fixsen, Dale J.; Hinshaw, Gary F.; Moseley, S. Harvey; Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Kogut, AJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Alan.J.Kogut@nasa.gov
RI Chuss, David/D-8281-2012; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77311S
DI 10.1117/12.857080
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600052
ER
PT S
AU Krist, JE
Balasubramanian, K
Muller, RE
Shaklan, SB
Kelly, DM
Wilson, DW
Beichman, CA
Serabyn, E
Mao, Y
Echternach, PM
Trauger, JT
Liewer, KM
AF Krist, John E.
Balasubramanian, Kunjithapatham
Muller, Richard E.
Shaklan, Stuart B.
Kelly, Douglas M.
Wilson, Daniel W.
Beichman, Charles A.
Serabyn, Eugene
Mao, Yalan
Echternach, Pierre M.
Trauger, John T.
Liewer, Kurt M.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI The JWST/NIRCam coronagraph flight occulters
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE James Webb Space Telescope; NIRCam; coronagraph; extrasolar planets
ID WEBB-SPACE-TELESCOPE
AB The NIRCam instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope will have a Lyot coronagraph for high contrast imaging of extrasolar planets and circumstellar disks lambda=2 -5 mu m. Half-tone patterns are used to create graded-transmission image plane masks. These are generated using electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching of a metal layer on an antireflection coated sapphire substrate. We report here on the manufacture and evaluation of the flight occulters.
C1 [Krist, John E.; Balasubramanian, Kunjithapatham; Muller, Richard E.; Shaklan, Stuart B.; Wilson, Daniel W.; Beichman, Charles A.; Serabyn, Eugene; Echternach, Pierre M.; Trauger, John T.; Liewer, Kurt M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Krist, JE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77313J
DI 10.1117/12.856488
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600114
ER
PT S
AU Krist, JE
Pueyo, L
Shaklan, SB
AF Krist, John E.
Pueyo, Laurent
Shaklan, Stuart B.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Practical numerical propagation of arbitrary wavefronts through PIAA
optics
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Coronagraph; PIAA; propagation algorithms
ID AMPLITUDE APODIZATION CORONAGRAPH
AB The phase-induced amplitude apodization (PIAA) coronagraph utilizes highly aspheric optics to produce a strongly apodized beam without the large loss of light that would result from using a graded transmission mask. The rapid variations in surface curvature at the edge of the PIAA apodizing optic creates large wavefront phase changes that cannot be adequately represented in conventional Fourier-based diffraction propagation algorithms. A rapid technique is required for propagating arbitrarily-aberrated wavefronts through the system. An alternative numerical method has been proposed that combines a high-accuracy algorithm to compute edge diffraction effects with a quick modified angular spectrum propagator that handles wavefront errors. We present the results of applying this method to realistically aberrated wavefronts as compared to more complex and time consuming techniques.
C1 [Krist, John E.; Pueyo, Laurent; Shaklan, Stuart B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Krist, JE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77314N
DI 10.1117/12.856490
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600151
ER
PT S
AU Kutyrev, AS
Moseley, SH
Golisano, C
Gong, Q
Allen, BT
Gehrels, N
Grindlay, JE
Hong, JS
Woodgate, BE
AF Kutyrev, A. S.
Moseley, S. H.
Golisano, C.
Gong, Q.
Allen, B. T.
Gehrels, N.
Grindlay, J. E.
Hong, J. S.
Woodgate, B. E.
CA EXIST Team
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI The design and capabilities of the EXIST optical and infra-red telescope
(IRT)
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE infrared spectroscopy; space telescope; gamma ray bursts; early universe
ID CALIBRATION; DETECTORS
AB The Infra-Red Telescope is a critical element of the EXIST (Energetic X-Ray Imaging Survey Telescope) observatory. The primary goal of the IRT is to obtain photometric and spectroscopic measurements of high redshift (>= 6) gamma ray reaching to the epoque of reionization. The photometric and spectral capabilities of the IRT will allow to use GRB afterglow as probes of the composition and ionization state of the intergalactic medium of the young universe. A prompt follow up (within three minutes) of the transient discovered by the EXIST makes IRT a unique tool for detection and study of these events in the infrared and optical wavelength, which is particularly valuable at wavelengths unavailable to the ground based observatories. We present the results of the mission study development on the IRT as part of the EXIST observatory.
C1 [Kutyrev, A. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, UMd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Kutyrev, AS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, UMd, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM alexander.kutyrev@nasa.gov
RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Woodgate, Bruce/D-2970-2012
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77311Z
DI 10.1117/12.858309
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600059
ER
PT S
AU Lyon, RG
Oegerle, WR
Feinberg, LD
Bolcar, MR
Dean, BH
Mosier, GE
Postman, M
AF Lyon, Richard G.
Oegerle, William R.
Feinberg, Lee D.
Bolcar, Matthew R.
Dean, Bruce H.
Mosier, Gary E.
Postman, Marc
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Coronagraphic wavefront control for the ATLAST-9.2m telescope
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Large space telescopes; segmented telescopes; coronagraph; wavefront
sensing; wavefront control
AB The Advanced Technology for Large Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST) concept was assessed as one of the NASA Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concepts (ASMC) studies. Herein we discuss the 9.2-meter diameter segmented aperture version and its wavefront sensing and control (WFSC) with regards to coronagraphic detection and spectroscopic characterization of exoplanets. The WFSC would consist of at least two levels of sensing and control: (i) an outer coarser level of sensing and control to phase and control the segments and secondary mirror in a manner similar to the James Webb Space Telescope but operating at higher temporal bandwidth, and (ii) an inner, coronagraphic instrument based, fine level of sensing and control for both amplitude and wavefront errors operating at higher temporal bandwidths. The outer loop would control rigid-body actuators on the primary and secondary mirrors while the inner loop would control one or more segmented deformable mirror to suppress the starlight within the coronagraphic field-of-view. Herein we discuss the visible nulling coronagraph (VNC) and the requirements it levies on wavefront sensing and control and show the results of closed-loop simulations to assess performance and evaluate the trade space of system level stability versus control bandwidth.
C1 [Lyon, Richard G.; Oegerle, William R.; Feinberg, Lee D.; Bolcar, Matthew R.; Dean, Bruce H.; Mosier, Gary E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lyon, RG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM richard.g.lyon@nasa.gov
RI Oegerle, William/C-9070-2012
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312S
DI 10.1117/12.857498
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600088
ER
PT S
AU Lyon, RG
Clampin, M
Woodruff, RA
Vasudevan, G
Thompson, P
Chen, A
Petrone, P
Booth, A
Madison, T
Bolcar, M
Noecker, MC
Kendrick, S
Melnick, G
Tolls, V
AF Lyon, Richard G.
Clampin, Mark
Woodruff, Robert A.
Vasudevan, Gopal
Thompson, Patrick
Chen, Andrew
Petrone, Peter
Booth, Andrew
Madison, Timothy
Bolcar, Matthew
Noecker, M. Charley
Kendrick, Stephen
Melnick, Gary
Tolls, Volker
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Visible Nulling Coronagraphy Testbed Development for Exoplanet Detection
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Exosolar planets; visible nulling coronagraph; visible nulling
interferometer; coronagraph; wavefront control; null control;
interferometry
AB Three of the recently completed NASA Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept (ASMC) studies addressed the feasibility of using a Visible Nulling Coronagraph (VNC) as the prime instrument for exoplanet science. The VNC approach is one of the few approaches that works with filled, segmented and sparse or diluted aperture telescope systems and thus spans the space of potential ASMC exoplanet missions. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has a well-established effort to develop VNC technologies and has developed an incremental sequence of VNC testbeds to advance the this approach and the technologies associated with it. Herein we report on the continued development of the vacuum Visible Nulling Coronagraph testbed (VNT). The VNT is an ultra-stable vibration isolated testbed that operates under high bandwidth closed-loop control within a vacuum chamber. It will be used to achieve an incremental sequence of three visible light nulling milestones of sequentially higher contrasts of 10(8), 10(9) and 10(10) at an inner working angle of 2*lambda/D and ultimately culminate in spectrally broadband (>20%) high contrast imaging. Each of the milestones, one per year, is traceable to one or more of the ASMC studies. The VNT uses a modified Mach-Zehnder nulling interferometer, modified with a modified "W" configuration to accommodate a hex-packed MEMS based deformable mirror, a coherent fiber bundle and achromatic phase shifters. Discussed will be the optical configuration laboratory results, critical technologies and the null sensing and control approach.
C1 [Lyon, Richard G.; Clampin, Mark; Thompson, Patrick; Madison, Timothy; Bolcar, Matthew] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lyon, RG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Richard.G.Lyon@nasa.gov
RI Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312B
DI 10.1117/12.857472
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600071
ER
PT S
AU Lyon, RG
Woodruff, RA
Brown, R
Noecker, MC
Cheng, E
AF Lyon, Richard G.
Woodruff, Robert A.
Brown, Robert
Noecker, M. Charley
Cheng, Edward
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Feasibility of Exoplanet Coronagraphy with the Hubble Space Telescope
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Hubble Space Telescope; coronagraphy; exoplanets; telescopes
AB Herein we report on a preliminary study to assess the use of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) for the direct detection and spectroscopic characterization of exoplanets and debris disks - an application for which HST was not originally designed. Coronagraphic advances may enable the design of a science instrument that could achieve limiting contrasts similar to 10(9) beyond 275 milli-arcseconds (4 lambda/D at 800 nm) inner working angle, thereby enabling detection and characterization of several known jovian planets and imaging of debris disks. Advantages of using HST are that it already exists in orbit, it's primary mirror is thermally stable and it is the most characterized space telescope yet flown. However there is drift of the HST telescope, likely due to thermal effects crossing the terminator. The drift, however, is well characterized and consists of a larger deterministic components and a smaller stochastic component. It is the effect of this drift versus the sensing and control bandwidth of the instrument that would likely limit HST coronagraphic performance. Herein we discuss the science case, quantify the limiting factors and assess the feasibility of using HST for exoplanet discovery using a hypothetical new instrument.
C1 [Lyon, Richard G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lyon, RG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Richard.G.Lyon@nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 773111
DI 10.1117/12.857518
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600029
ER
PT S
AU Oegerle, WR
Feinberg, LD
Purves, LR
Hyde, TT
Thronson, HA
Townsend, JA
Postman, M
Bolcar, MR
Budinoff, JG
Dean, BH
Clampin, MC
Ebbets, DC
Gong, QA
Gull, TR
Howard, JM
Jones, AL
Lyon, RG
Pasquale, BA
Perrygo, C
Smith, JS
Thompson, PL
Woodgate, BE
AF Oegerle, William R.
Feinberg, Lee D.
Purves, Lloyd R.
Hyde, T. Tupper
Thronson, Harley A.
Townsend, Jacqueline A.
Postman, Marc
Bolcar, Matthew R.
Budinoff, Jason G.
Dean, Bruce H.
Clampin, Mark C.
Ebbets, Dennis C.
Gong, Qian
Gull, Theodore R.
Howard, Joseph M.
Jones, Andrew L.
Lyon, Richard G.
Pasquale, Bert A.
Perrygo, Charles
Smith, Jeffrey S.
Thompson, Patrick L.
Woodgate, Bruce E.
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI ATLAST-9.2m: a large-aperture deployable space telescope
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Large space telescopes; deployable telescopes; telescope servicing
AB We present results of a study of a deployable version of the Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST), designed to operate in a Sun-Earth L2 orbit. The primary mirror of the segmented 9.2-meter aperture has 36 hexagonal 1.315 m (flat-to-flat) glass mirrors. The architecture and folding of the telescope is similar to JWST, allowing it to fit into the 6.5 m fairing of a modest upgrade to the Delta-IV Heavy version of the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV). We discuss the overall observatory design, optical design, instruments, stray light, wavefront sensing and control, pointing and thermal control, and in-space servicing options.
C1 [Oegerle, William R.; Feinberg, Lee D.; Purves, Lloyd R.; Hyde, T. Tupper; Thronson, Harley A.; Townsend, Jacqueline A.; Bolcar, Matthew R.; Budinoff, Jason G.; Dean, Bruce H.; Clampin, Mark C.; Gong, Qian; Gull, Theodore R.; Howard, Joseph M.; Jones, Andrew L.; Lyon, Richard G.; Pasquale, Bert A.; Perrygo, Charles; Smith, Jeffrey S.; Thompson, Patrick L.; Woodgate, Bruce E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Oegerle, WR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI Oegerle, William/C-9070-2012; Woodgate, Bruce/D-2970-2012; Clampin,
mark/D-2738-2012; Gull, Theodore/D-2753-2012; Thronson,
Harley/E-3382-2012
OI Gull, Theodore/0000-0002-6851-5380;
NR 7
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312M
DI 10.1117/12.857622
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600082
ER
PT S
AU Pasquale, BA
Stahl, P
Feinberg, L
Howard, J
Gong, QA
Aronstein, D
AF Pasquale, Bert A.
Stahl, Philip
Feinberg, Lee
Howard, Joseph
Gong, Qian
Aronstein, David
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Comparative Concepts for ATLAST Optical Designs
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Space Telescope; Large Aperture; Segmented Mirror; Monolithic; Off-Axis
Design; Optical Design
AB The ATALST (Advanced Technology for Large Aperture Space Telescopes) effort has presented several design incarnations. Here we will compare the design and performance of the 9.2m segmented, the 8m monolithic on-axis and 8m x 6m off-axis concepts.
C1 [Pasquale, Bert A.; Feinberg, Lee; Howard, Joseph; Gong, Qian; Aronstein, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Pasquale, BA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77312L
DI 10.1117/12.857170
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600081
ER
PT S
AU Pravdo, SH
Shaklan, SB
Lisman, PD
AF Pravdo, Steven H.
Shaklan, Stuart B.
Lisman, P. Douglas
BE Oschmann, JM
Clampin, MC
MacEwen, HA
TI Occulting Ozone Observatory ability to discover and locate single and
multiple Earth-like planets in habitable zones
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND
MILLIMETER WAVE
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Optical,
Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Imaging; astrometry; planetary systems; Earth-like planets
AB We present a study of the Occulting Ozone Observatory performance in observations of potential Earth-like planets around nearby solar-like stars. We use Monte Carlo techniques to simulate planetary systems and with assumptions about the signal-to-noise performance of the instrument we determine the significance of planetary system parameter determinations-for example, can we conclude that a particular planet's semi-major axis (SMA) is in the star's habitable zone? In addition to studying the dependence of the SMA determination on the number of observations and detections, we present results on the ability to disentangle and analyze the data from two-planet systems.
C1 [Pravdo, Steven H.; Shaklan, Stuart B.; Lisman, P. Douglas] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Pravdo, SH (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-221-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7731
AR 77314Z
DI 10.1117/12.858300
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics,
Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BSU78
UT WOS:000285835600161
ER
EF